ilheusensis, Simpsonichthys Costa [W. J. E. M.] & Lima [S. M. Q.] 2010:206, Fig. 1 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 21 (no. 3); ref. 31041] Temporary pools inside forest, near the road BA-001, 14°35'36"S, 39°03'40"W, Município de Ilhéus, Bahia State, Brazil. Holotype: UFRJ 6690. Paratypes: UFBA 5297 (4); UFRJ 6691 (6), 6692 (2, female c&s). •Valid as Ophthalmolebias ilheusensis (Costa & Lima 2010) -- (Costa 2011:301 [ref. 31187], Costa et al. 2012:73 [ref. 31845], Silva et al. 2020:15 [ref. 37809]). Current status: Valid as Ophthalmolebias ilheusensis (Costa & Lima 2010). Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: South America: floodplains of small coastal river about 700 meter from the shore, Município de Ilhéus (Bahia State, Brazil). Habitat: freshwater.