serpae, Hyphessobrycon Durbin [M. L.] in Eigenmann 1908:100 [Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 52 (no. 6); ref. 1221] Serpa (= Amazon River at Itacoatiara), Amazonas, Brazil. Syntypes: (46) CAS 42684 [ex IU 12652 & MCZ 20985] (5), MCZ 20985 (now 34), USNM 120269 [ex MCZ 20985] (6). Type catalog: Vari & Howe 1991:27 [ref. 19022]. Author is M. L. Durbin. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon serpae Durbin 1908 -- (Chang & Ortega 1995:2 [ref. 24302]). •Valid as Hyphessobyson cf. serpae Durbin 1908 -- (Fuller et al. 1999:184 [ref. 25838]). •Synonym of Hyphessobrycon eques (Steindachner 1882) -- (Weitzman & Palmer 1997:148 [ref. 24509], Britski et al. 1999:41 [ref. 24147], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:136 [ref. 27061], Casciotta et al. 2003:102 [ref. 28130], Litz & Koerber 2014:15 [ref. 33622], Mirande & Koerber 2015:26 [ref. 35117], Koerber et al. 2017:41 [ref. 35267]). Current status: Synonym of Hyphessobrycon eques (Steindachner 1882). Characidae: Stethaprioninae. Habitat: freshwater.