Please look in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes for authorships of sections, Families of Fishes (all), and related information.

Species in the family or subfamily Anabantidae: [ 72 ] records

acutirostre, Ctenopoma Pellegrin [J.] 1899:360 [Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Série 1) v. 5 (no. 7); ref. 14733] Diélé, Democratic Republic of Congo. Syntypes: MNHN 1886-0473 (1), 1897-0813 (1). Type catalog: Blanc 1963:71 [ref. 19851]. •Valid as Ctenopoma acutirostre Pellegrin 1899 -- (Gosse 1986:403 [ref. 6194], Vierke 1986:41 [ref. 36452], Vierke 1988:64 [ref. 36453], Wakiyama et al. 1997:100 [ref. 25519], Krysanov & Golubtsov 2001:739 [ref. 25916], Munene et al. 2021:25 [ref. 39283], Stiassny et al. 2021:1687 [ref. 39000]). Current status: Valid as Ctenopoma acutirostre Pellegrin 1899. Anabantidae. Distribution: Western-central Africa: Congo River system (Democratic Republic of Congo). Habitat: freshwater.

africanus, Anabas Vetterlein [R.] 1914:253, Fig. 4 [Wochenschrift für Aquarien- und Terrarienkunde v. 11 (13); ref. 21735] Niger. Syntypes: (several) whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Ctenopoma argentoventer (Ahl 1922) -- (Gosse 1986:404 [ref. 6194]). •? Synonym of Ctenopoma kingsleyae Günther 1896. Current status: Synonym of Ctenopoma kingsleyae Günther 1896. Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater.

ansorgii, Anabas Boulenger [G. A.] 1912:23, Pl. 17 (fig. 7) [Annales du Musée du Congo Belge Sér. C (Zoologie) (Sér. 1) v. 2 (fasc. 3); ref. 581] Lagoons near Luali River at Lundo, Democratic Republic of Congo. Syntypes: ANSP 38655-58 (4); BMNH 1912.4.1.480-487 (8?); MRAC 1703-04 (2), 1705-08 (4); NMW 70500 (6); ZMB 18825 (1) Lundo. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:18 [ref. 13621]. •Valid as Ctenopoma ansorgii (Boulenger 1912) -- (Gosse 1986:403 [ref. 6194], Vierke 1986:43 [ref. 36452], Vierke 1988:65 [ref. 36453], Norris & Douglas 1991:176 [ref. 19507]). •Valid as Microctenopoma ansorgii (Boulenger 1912) -- (Norris 1995:358 [ref. 21948], Britz & Cambray 2001:280 [ref. 25647], Krysanov & Golubtsov 2001:739 [ref. 25916], Norris 2007:259 [ref. 30044], Fricke et al. 2018:366 [ref. 35805], Skelton 2019:227 [ref. 36564], Stiassny et al. 2021:1688 [ref. 39000]). Current status: Valid as Microctenopoma ansorgii (Boulenger 1912). Anabantidae. Distribution: West Africa: Congo and Angola; introduced in Madagascar. Habitat: freshwater.

argentoventer, Anabas Ahl [E.] in Schreitmüller & Ahl 1922:266 [2] [Blätter für Aquarien- und Terrarienkunde v. 33 (no. 16); ref. 15389] Lower Niger. Holotype (unique): ZMB 20636. Type catalog: Paepke 1994:311-312 [ref. 21516]. Types mentioned: Paepke 1995:97 [ref. 21847]. On p. 2 of separate. Also appeared in Ahl 1923:184 [ref. 15393]. •Valid as Ctenopoma argentoventer (Ahl 1922) -- (Gosse 1986:404 [ref. 6194], Vierke 1986:44 [ref. 36452], Vierke 1988:67 [ref. 36453]). •Synonym of Ctenopoma kingsleyae Günther 1896 -- (Lévèque et al. 1991:146 [ref. 31367], Norris in Lévêque et al. 1992:844 [ref. 21590], Norris & Douglas 1992:718 [ref. 19869]). Current status: Synonym of Ctenopoma kingsleyae Günther 1896. Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater.

ashbysmithi, Ctenopoma Banister [K. E.] & Bailey [R. G.] 1979:237, Figs. 17-19, 22 (above) [Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society v. 66 (no. 3) (for July 1979); ref. 8851] Marsh, 10 kilometers southwest of Kindu, Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype: BMNH 1976.10.21.2. Paratypes: BMNH 1976.10.21.3-11 (9). •Valid as Ctenopoma ashbysmithi Banister & Bailey 1979 -- (Gosse 1986:404 [ref. 6194]). Current status: Valid as Ctenopoma ashbysmithi Banister & Bailey 1979. Anabantidae. Distribution: Democratic Republic of Congo. Habitat: freshwater.

bainsii, Sandelia Castelnau [F. L.] 1861:37 [Mémoire sur les poissons de l'Afrique australe; ref. 767] Kowie River near Grahamstown, eastern Cape Colony, South Africa. No types known. •Valid as Sandelia bainsii Castelnau 1861 -- (Gosse 1986:414 [ref. 6194], Vierke 1986:56 [ref. 36452], Vierke 1988:85 [ref. 36453], Skelton 1993:337 [ref. 24071], Poll & Gosse 1995:115 [ref. 24781], Britz & Cambray 2001:280 [ref. 25647], Skelton 2001:337 [ref. 27406], Sifundza et al. 2020:[8] [ref. 37973]). Current status: Valid as Sandelia bainsii Castelnau 1861. Anabantidae. Distribution: Africa: South Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

breviventralis, Anabas Pellegrin [J.] 1939:377 [Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France v. 63 (no. 7) [for 1938]; ref. 17213] Congo River, Congo-Brazzaville. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1938-0031. Type catalog: Blanc 1963:71 [ref. 19851]. •Valid as Anabas breviventralis Pellegrin 1939 -- (Gosse 1986:404 [ref. 6194]). •Questionably a synonym of Ctenopoma kingsleyae Günther 1896 -- (Norris & Douglas 1992:718 [ref. 19869]). Current status: Uncertain as Ctenopoma kingsleyae Günther 1896. Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater.

brunneus, Anabas Ahl [E.] 1927:76 [Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin 1927 (for Apr.-July); ref. 15834] Cameroon. Syntypes: ZMB 31538 (6). Type catalog: Paepke 1994:312 [ref. 21516]. Types mentioned: Paepke 1995:97 [ref. 21847]. •Valid as Ctenopoma brunneum (Ahl 1927) -- (Vierke 1986:45 [ref. 36452], Vierke 1988:68 [ref. 36453]). •Synonym of Ctenopoma nanum Günther 1896 -- (Gosse 1986:410 [ref. 6194]). •Synonym of Microctenopoma nanum (Günther 1896). Current status: Synonym of Microctenopoma nanum (Günther 1896). Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater.

capensis, Spirobranchus Cuvier [G.] 1829:229 [Le Règne Animal (Edition 2) v. 2; ref. 995] Cape of Good Hope, South Africa. Syntypes: MNHN A-0365 (1), 5892 (1); ?ZMB 1390-91 (1, 1). Type catalog: Blanc 1963:74 [ref. 19851], Paepke 1994:314 [ref. 21516]. See also Cuvier & Valenciennes 1831:392, Pls. 200, 205 (part) [ref. 4881]. •Valid as Sandelia capensis (Cuvier 1829) -- (Gosse 1986:414 [ref. 6194], Vierke 1986:56 [ref. 36452], Vierke 1988:86 [ref. 36453], Skelton 1993:338 [ref. 24071], Poll & Gosse 1995:115 [ref. 24781], Britz & Cambray 2001:280 [ref. 25647], Skelton 2001:338 [ref. 27406]). Current status: Valid as Sandelia capensis (Cuvier 1829). Anabantidae. Distribution: South Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

caudomaculatus, Anabas Ahl [E.] 1927:77 [Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin 1927 (for Apr.-July); ref. 15834] Pendé, Cameroon. Holotype (unique): ZMB 21226. Type catalog: Paepke 1994:312 [ref. 21516]. Types mentioned: Paepke 1995:97 [ref. 21847]. •Valid as Ctenopoma caudomaculatum (Ahl 1927) -- (Vierke 1986:45 [ref. 36452], Vierke 1988:69 [ref. 36453]). •Synonym of Ctenopoma petherici Günther 1864 -- (Gosse 1986:413 [ref. 6194], Lévèque et al. 1991:146 [ref. 31367], Norris in Lévêque et al. 1992:846 [ref. 21590], Norris & Douglas 1992:716 [ref. 19869]). Current status: Synonym of Ctenopoma petherici Günther 1864. Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater.

chadensis, Anabas petherici Fowler [H. W.] 1936:322, Fig. 24 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 88; ref. 1424] Batangafo, Chad basin, Central African Republic [Ubangi-Shari]. Holotype: ANSP 66126. Paratypes: ANSP 66127-30 (4), 67222 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:18 [ref. 13621]. •Synonym of Ctenopoma petherici Günther 1864 -- (Gosse 1986:413 [ref. 6194], Lévèque et al. 1991:146 [ref. 31367], Norris & Douglas 1992:716 [ref. 19869]). Current status: Synonym of Ctenopoma petherici Günther 1864. Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater.

cobojius, Coius Hamilton [F.] 1822:98, 370, Pl. 89 [An account of the fishes found in the river Ganges; ref. 2031] India. No types known. Hamilton's original illustration reproduced by Britz 2019:Pl. 57 [ref. 37532]. •In Anabas -- (Kottelat 2000:91 [ref. 25865]). •Synonym of Anabas testudinius Bloch 1792 -- (Ataur Rahman 2003:309 [ref. 31338]). •Valid as Anabas cobojius (Hamilton 1822) -- (Talwar & Jhingran 1991:996 [ref. 20764], Menon 1999:296 [ref. 24904], Edds & Ng 2007:130 [ref. 29199], Shrestha 2008:225 [ref. 29923]). Current status: Valid as Anabas cobojius (Hamilton 1822). Anabantidae. Distribution: India and Nepal, possible elsewhere. Habitat: freshwater.

congicum, Ctenopoma Boulenger [G. A.] 1887:148 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 5) v. 19 (no. 110) (art. 19); ref. 14472] Lagoons on islands of Lower Congo. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1887.1.13.11. •Valid as Ctenopoma congicum Boulenger 1887 -- (Gosse 1986:405 [ref. 6194], Vierke 1986:45 [ref. 36452], Vierke 1988:69 [ref. 36453], Lévèque et al. 1991:146 [ref. 31367], Norris in Lévêque et al. 1992:840 [ref. 21590]). •Valid as Microctenopoma congicum (Boulenger 1887) -- (Norris 1995:358 [ref. 21948], Krysanov & Golubtsov 2001:739 [ref. 25916], Norris 2007:259 [ref. 30044], Skelton 2019:227 [ref. 36564], Stiassny et al. 2021:1688 [ref. 39000], Fermon et al. 2022:228 [ref. 39448] with question, Walsh et al. 2022:[5] [ref. 39281]). Current status: Valid as Microctenopoma congicum (Boulenger 1887). Anabantidae. Distribution: Western-central Africa: Congo River system and Loémé River system (Republic of Congo). Habitat: freshwater.

ctenotis, Anabas Boulenger [G. A.] 1920:403, Fig. 10 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1919 (pts 3-4) (art. 25); ref. 15206] Ditch along the Lukuga River, near west coast of Lake Tanganyika. Syntypes: BMNH 1919.7.24.33-34 (2). •Valid as Ctenopoma ctenotis (Boulenger 1920) -- (Gosse 1986:405 [ref. 6194], Vierke 1986:46 [ref. 36452], Vierke 1988:71 [ref. 36453]). •Synonym of Ctenopoma muriei (Boulenger 1906) -- (Norris et al. 1988:489 [ref. 6415], Lévèque et al. 1991:146 [ref. 31367], Norris in Lévêque et al. 1992:844 [ref. 21590]). Current status: Synonym of Ctenopoma muriei (Boulenger 1906). Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater.

damasi, Anabas Poll [M.] & Damas [H.] 1939:52, Fig. 31 [Exploration du Parc National Albert. Mission H. Damas (1935-36). Fasc. 6; ref. 17219] Semliki River, Ishango, Democratic Republic of Congo. Syntypes: (184) IRSNB 48 (60); MRAC 66011-12 (2), 66013-24 (12), 60025-42 (18), 60043-100 (58), 60101-139 (39). Type catalog: Walschaerts 1987:45 [ref. 20755], Derijst 1991:24 [ref. 21528]. •Valid as Ctenopoma damasi (Poll & Damas 1939) -- (Gosse 1986:405 [ref. 6194], Vierke 1986:46 [ref. 36452], Vierke 1988:71 [ref. 36453]). •Valid as Microctenopoma damasi (Poll & Damas 1939) -- (Norris 1995:358 [ref. 21948], Akoth et al. 2023:14 [ref. 40069]). Current status: Valid as Microctenopoma damasi (Poll & Damas 1939). Anabantidae. Distribution: East Africa: Lake Edward drainage (Democratic Republic of Congo; Uganda). Habitat: freshwater.

davidae, Anabas Poll [M.] 1939:50, Fig. 32 [Annales du Musée du Congo Belge Sér C (Zoologie: Poissons, reptiles, amphibies) (Sér. 1) v. 4 (no. 1); ref. 3513] Stanley Pool, Democratic Republic of Congo. Syntypes: MRAC 43971 (1), 43857 (1). Type catalog: Derijst 1991:24 [ref. 21528]. •Valid as Ctenopoma davidae (Poll 1939) -- (Gosse 1986:406 [ref. 6194]). •Synonym of Ctenopoma ansorgei (Boulenger 1912) -- (Norris & Douglas 1991:177 [ref. 19507]). •Synonym of Microctenopoma ansorgii (Boulenger 1912) based on placement of ansorgii. Current status: Synonym of Microctenopoma ansorgii (Boulenger 1912). Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater.

denticulatum, Ctenopoma Pellegrin [J.] 1899:361 [Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Série 1) v. 5 (no. 7); ref. 14733] Congo. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1890-0036. Type catalog: Blanc 1963:72 [ref. 19851]. •Synonym of Ctenopoma ocellatum Pellegrin 1899 -- (Gosse 1986:411 [ref. 6194]). Current status: Synonym of Ctenopoma ocellatum Pellegrin 1899. Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater.

elongatus, Anabas Reuvens [C. L.] 1895:147 [Notes from the Leyden Museum v. 16 (nos. 3-4) (art. 12); ref. 14563] Sumba Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): ?RMNH 5162. •Synonym of Anabas testudineus (Bloch 1792) -- (Kottelat 2013:447 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Anabas testudineus (Bloch 1792). Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

fasciolata, Anabas (Ctenopoma) Boulenger [G. A.] 1899:242 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 3 (no. 15) (art. 38); ref. 14699] Monsembé, Upper Congo. Syntypes: BMNH 1898.7.9.6-8 (3). •Valid as Ctenopoma fasciolata (Boulenger 1899) -- (Gosse 1986:406 [ref. 6194]). •Valid as Ctenopoma fasciolatum (Boulenger 1899) -- (Vierke 1986:47 [ref. 36452], Vierke 1988:74 [ref. 36453]). •Valid as Microctenopoma fasciolatum (Boulenger 1899) -- (Norris 1995:358 [ref. 21948], Stiassny et al. 2021:1688 [ref. 39000], Fermon et al. 2022:228 [ref. 39448] with question). Current status: Valid as Microctenopoma fasciolatum (Boulenger 1899). Anabantidae. Distribution: Central Africa: Congo River system (Democratic Republic of Congo, Republic of Congo). Habitat: freshwater.

filamentosa, Anabas fasciolatus var. Pellegrin [J.] 1925:105 [Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France v. 50 (no. 2); ref. 15562] Sangha River at Ouesso, Congo. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1925-0155 [not 1925-0055]. Type catalog: Blanc 1963:72 [ref. 19851]. •Synonym of Ctenopoma fasciolatum (Boulenger 1899) -- (Gosse 1986:406 [ref. 6194]). •Synonym of Microctenopoma fasciolatum (Boulenger 1899). Current status: Synonym of Microctenopoma fasciolatum (Boulenger 1899). Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater.

gabonense, Ctenopoma Günther [A.] 1896:269, Pl. 13 (fig. C) [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 6) v. 17 (no. 100) (art. 37); ref. 14607] Gabon and probably Ogowe River. Syntypes: BMNH 1867.5.13.19 (1), 1868.8.16.11 (1). •Synonym of Ctenopoma nigropannosum Reichenow 1876 -- (Gosse 1986:411 [ref. 6194]). •Valid as Ctenoppoma gabonense Günther 1896 -- (Norris 2007:253 [ref. 30044], Munene et al. 2021:25 [ref. 39283], Stiassny et al. 2021:1687 [ref. 39000], Fermon et al. 2022:226 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Ctenopoma gabonense Günther 1896. Anabantidae. Distribution: Western-central Africa: Congo River system (Gabon and Democratic Republic of Congo). Habitat: freshwater.

garuanus, Anabas Ahl [E.] 1927:77 [Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin 1927 (for Apr.-July); ref. 15834] Garua, Benoué River, Cameroon. Syntypes: ZMB 21231 (2). Type catalog: Paepke 1994:312 [ref. 21516]. Types mentioned: Paepke 1995:97 [ref. 21847]. •Valid as Ctenopoma garuanum (Ahl 1927) -- (Gosse 1986:407 [ref. 6194]). Current status: Valid as Ctenopoma garuanum (Ahl 1927). Anabantidae. Distribution: Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

houyi, Anabas Ahl [E.] 1927:78 [Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin 1927 (for Apr.-July); ref. 15834] Cameroon. Syntypes: ZMB 21217 (5), 32258 (1). Type catalog: Paepke 1994:312 [ref. 21516] as houyi. Types mentioned: Paepke 1995:97 [ref. 21847]. •Synonym of Ctenopoma muriei (Boulenger 1906) -- (Lévèque et al. 1991:146 [ref. 31367], Norris in Lévêque et al. 1992:844 [ref. 21590]). Current status: Synonym of Ctenopoma muriei (Boulenger 1906). Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater.

intermedius, Anabas Pellegrin [J.] 1920:151 [Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France v. 45 (no. 3/7); ref. 15249] Upper Zambezi, Léalui, Zambia. Syntypes: MNHN 1920-0102 and 0103 (4). Type catalog: Blanc 1963:72 [ref. 19851]. •Valid as Ctenopoma intermedium (Pellegrin 1920) -- (Gosse 1986:407 [ref. 6194]). •Valid as Microctenopoma intermedium (Pellegrin 1920) -- (Norris 1995:358 [ref. 21948], Skelton 1993:335 [ref. 24071], Skelton 2001:335 [ref. 27406], Marshall 2011:258 [ref. 31755], Bruton et al. 2018:84 [ref. 36373], Skelton 2019:237 [ref. 36564], Skelton et al. 2021:357 [ref. 38399], Abwe et al. 2023:32 [ref. 39992]). Current status: Valid as Microctenopoma intermedium (Pellegrin 1920). Anabantidae. Distribution: Southern-central Africa: upper Zambezi River basin. Habitat: freshwater.

kavaiya, Anabas testudineus Deraniyagala [P. E. P.] 1952:111, Fig. 53 [A colored atlas of some vertebrates from Ceylon; ref. 12768] Sri Lanka. Holotype: NMSL ?FF 869. Paratypes: NMSL. Type information: Pethiyagoda 1991:336 [ref. 20075]. •Synonym of Anabas testudineus (Bloch 1792) -- (Kottelat 2013:447 [ref. 32989]), Current status: Synonym of Anabas testudineus (Bloch 1792). Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

kingsleyae, Ctenopoma Günther [A.] 1896:270, Pl. 13 (fig. A) [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 6) v. 17 (no. 100) (art. 37); ref. 14607] Kondo-Kondo, Ogowe River. Syntypes: BMNH 1896.5.5.30-32 (3). •Valid as Ctenopoma kingsleyae Günther 1896 -- (Gosse 1986:407 [ref. 6194], Vierke 1986:48 [ref. 36452], Vierke 1988:75 [ref. 36453], Lévêque et al. 1989:123 [ref. 26480], Paugy & Bénech 1989:304 [ref. 26478], Norris & Teugels 1990:496 [ref. 15717], Paugy et al. 1990:343 [ref. 26477], Lévèque et al. 1991:146 [ref. 31367], Norris in Lévêque et al. 1992:844 [ref. 21590], Norris & Douglas 1992:719 [ref. 19869], Norris 2007:263 [ref. 30044] in "Ctenopoma", Pezold et al. 2016:106 [ref. 34870], Munene et al. 2021:25 [ref. 39283], Fermon et al. 2022:227 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Ctenopoma kingsleyae Günther 1896. Anabantidae. Distribution: Western-central Africa: Senegal south to Democratic Republic of Congo, including Congo River basin. Habitat: freshwater.

lacustri, Anabas testudineus Das [S. M.] 1966:93 [Ichthyologica (Srinagar, Kashmir) v. 3 (nos 1-2) 1964; ref. 7729] Fish tank at Balrampur, India. No types known. •Synonym of Anabas testudineus (Bloch 1792) -- (Talwar & Jhingran 1991:997 [ref. 20764], Menon 1999:297 [ref. 24904], Kottelat 2013:447 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Anabas testudineus (Bloch 1792). Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

lineatus, Anabas Nichols [J. T.] 1923:2, Fig. 3 [American Museum Novitates No. 57; ref. 15413] Central African Republic [Gribingui River system, possibly Kaga Bandoro = Fort Crampel]. Holotype (unique): AMNH 8108 [not 810]. •Synonym of Ctenopoma nanum Günther 1896 -- (Gosse 1986:410 [ref. 6194]). •Valid as Ctenopoma lineatum (Nichols 1923) -- (Norris & Douglas 1991:173 [ref. 19507] with locality information, Lévèque et al. 1991:146 [ref. 31367], Norris in Lévêque et al. 1992:841 [ref. 21590]). •Valid as Microctenopoma lineatum (Nichols 1923) -- (Norris 1995:358 [ref. 21948]). Current status: Valid as Microctenopoma lineatum (Nichols 1923). Anabantidae. Distribution: Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

longipinnis, Ctenopoma congicum Fowler [H. W.] 1949:269, Figs. 75-79 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 101; ref. 1461] 8 miles south of Oka, Congo system, French Equatorial Africa. Holotype: ANSP 71925. Paratypes: ANSP 71926-36 (11). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:18 [ref. 13621]. •Synonym of Ctenopoma congicum Boulenger 1887 -- (Gosse 1986:405 [ref. 6194]). •Synonym of Microctenopoma congicum (Boulenger 1887). Current status: Synonym of Microctenopoma congicum (Boulenger 1887). Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater.

machadoi, Anabas Fowler [H. W.] 1930:43, Fig. 12 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 82; ref. 1406] Quanza River at Chouzo, Angola. Holotype: ANSP 51800. Paratypes: ANSP 51801-55 (55). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:18 [ref. 13621]. •Valid as Ctenopoma machadoi (Fowler 1930) -- (Gosse 1986:408 [ref. 6194], Skelton 2019:237 [ref. 36564]). Current status: Valid as Ctenopoma machadoi (Fowler 1930). Anabantidae. Distribution: Southwestern Africa: Angola. Habitat: freshwater.

macrocephalus, Anabas Bleeker [P.] 1855:430 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 7 (no. 3); ref. 16941] Jakarta, Java; Tandjongoost; Tjampea, Indonesia. Syntypes: (9) SMNS 10564 (1) Java. Type catalog: Fricke 1991:7 [ref. 13474], Fricke 2005:11 [ref. 29864]. •Synonym of Anabas testudineus (Bloch 1792) -- (Tan & Ng 2005:116 [ref. 28283], Kottelat 2013:447 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Anabas testudineus (Bloch 1792). Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

maculata, Ctenopoma Thominot [A.] 1886:159 [Bulletin de la Société philomathique de Paris (7th Série) v. 10; ref. 17903] San Benito River, Gabon. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1885-0423. Type catalog: Blanc 1963:72 [ref. 19851]. •Valid as Ctenopoma maculatum Thominot 1886 -- (Gosse 1986:408 [ref. 6194], Vierke 1986:49 [ref. 36452], Vierke 1988:77 [ref. 36453], Norris 2007:267 [ref. 30044], Fermon et al. 2022:227 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Ctenopoma maculatum Thominot 1886. Anabantidae. Distribution: Western-central Africa: southern Cameroon, Gabon and Congo. Habitat: freshwater.

microcephalus, Anabas Bleeker [P.] 1857:58 [Acta Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Indo-Neêrlandicae v. 2 (art. 7); ref. 356] Ambon Island, Molucca Islands, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Anabas testudineus (Bloch 1792) -- (Kottelat 2013:447 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Anabas testudineus (Bloch 1792). Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

microlepidotum, Ctenopoma Günther [A.] 1861:565 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 3; ref. 1964] Fresh waters of the Cape of Good Hope, South Africa. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1861.11.7.5. •Synonym of Sandelia bainsii Castelnau 1861 -- (Gosse 1986:414 [ref. 6194]). Current status: Synonym of Sandelia bainsii Castelnau 1861. Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater.

milleri, Ctenopoma Norris [S. M.] & Douglas [M. E.] 1991:168, Fig. 1 [Copeia 1991 (no. 1); ref. 19507] Unspecified tributary waters of the lower Congo River, at or near Lukala, 175 kilometers southwest of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype: MRAC 174725. Paratypes: MRAC 174726-28 (3). •Valid as Microctenopoma milleri (Norris & Douglas 1991) -- (Norris 1995:358 [ref. 21948]). Current status: Valid as Microctenopoma milleri (Norris & Douglas 1991). Anabantidae. Distribution: Democratic Republic of Congo. Habitat: freshwater.

multifasciata, Ctenopoma Thominot [A.] 1886:160 [Bulletin de la Société philomathique de Paris (7th Série) v. 10; ref. 17903] San Benito River, Gabon. Syntypes: (2) MNHN 1885-0424 (1). Type catalog: Blanc 1963:72 [ref. 19851] as holotype. Correct spelling would be Ctenopoma multifasciatum. •Synonym of Ctenopoma maculatum Thominot 1886 -- (Gosse 1986:408 [ref. 6194]). Current status: Synonym of Ctenopoma maculatum Thominot 1886. Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater.

multispinis, Ctenopoma Peters [W. (C. H.)] 1844:34 [Bericht über die zur Bekanntmachung geeigneten Verhandlungen der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1844; ref. 13442] Quellimane, Mozambique. Holotype (unique): lost. Specimen from Peters: BMNH 1861.5.2.74 (1) (from Peters), FMNH 54262 [CM 2891; ex ZMB 1374] (1), MNHN 0000-2239 (1); SMF 1794 [ex ZMB in 1850] (1); ZMB (18): 1374, 1375, 1376, 23980, 32267. Type catalog: Blanc 1963:72 [ref. 19851], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:29 [ref. 12367], Paepke 1994:313 [ref. 21516]. Also described as new in Peters 1846:480, Pl. 10 (figs. 10-15) [ref. 3448]. See also Peters 1847:384, Pl. 11 (fig. 3) [ref. 6176]. Blanc 1963 designated a lectotype (as holotype), but that was on a non-type specimen. •Valid as Ctenopoma multispinis Peters 1844 -- (Vierke 1986:50 [ref. 36452], Vierke 1988:77 [ref. 36453]). •Valid as Ctenopoma multispine Peters 1844 -- (Gosse 1986:402 [ref. 6194], Skelton 1993:336 [ref. 24071], Skelton 2001:336 [ref. 27406], Marshall 2011:259 [ref. 31755], Bruton et al. 2018:85 [ref. 36373], Skelton 2019:237 [ref. 36564], Kisekelwa et al. 2020:[11] 710 [ref. 38315], Munene et al. 2021:25 [ref. 39283], Abwe et al. 2023:32 [ref. 39992]). Current status: Valid as Ctenopoma multispine Peters 1844. Anabantidae. Distribution: Central and southern Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

muriei, Anabas Boulenger [G. A.] 1906:348 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 18 (no. 107) (art. 50); ref. 17101] White Nile River, Sudan. Syntypes: ?BMNH 1863.3.9.17 (1), 1907.12.2.2881-2883 (3), 1907.12.2.2884-2903 (? now 19); MNHN 1907-0240 to 0242 (3). Type catalog: Blanc 1963:72 [ref. 19851] as murieri. See Ctenopoma petherici. •Valid as Ctenopoma muriei (Boulenger 1906) -- (Gosse 1986:409 [ref. 6194], Vierke 1986:51 [ref. 36452], Norris et al. 1988:487 [ref. 6415], Vierke 1988:78 [ref. 36453], Lévèque et al. 1991:146 [ref. 31367], Norris in Lévêque et al. 1992:844 [ref. 21590], Krysanov & Golubtsov 2001:739 [ref. 25916], De Vos et al. 2001:132 [ref. 26059], Seegers et al. 2003:47 [ref. 28087], Akoth et al. 2023:14 [ref. 40069]). Current status: Valid as Ctenopoma muriei (Boulenger 1906). Anabantidae. Distribution: Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

nanum, Ctenopoma Günther [A.] 1896:269, Pl. 13 (fig. B) [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 6) v. 17 (no. 100) (art. 37); ref. 14607] Gabon River, western Africa. Syntypes: BMNH 1868.8.16.9-10 (2). •Valid as Ctenopoma nanum Günther 1896 -- (Gosse 1986:410 [ref. 6194], Vierke 1986:51 [ref. 36452], Vierke 1988:79 [ref. 36453]). •Valid as Microctenopoma nanum (Günther 1896) -- (Norris 1995:358 [ref. 21948], Norris 2007:261 [ref. 30044], Kullander & Roberts 2012:367 [ref. 31751], Skelton 2019:227 [ref. 36564], Kisekelwa et al. 2020:[11] 710 [ref. 38315], Munene et al. 2021:25 [ref. 39283], Stiassny et al. 2021:1688 [ref. 39000], Fermon et al. 2022:228 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Microctenopoma nanum (Günther 1896). Anabantidae. Distribution: Western-central Africa: Congo River system, and Sanaga River system in Lower Guinea. Habitat: freshwater.

nebulosum, Ctenopoma Norris [S. M.] & Teugels [G. G.] 1990:493, Fig. 1 [Copeia 1990 (no. 2); ref. 15717] Sombreiro River at Ehuama, 5°00'N, 6°40'E, Nigeria. Holotype: MRAC 87-24-P-151. Paratypes: BMNH 1969.3.26.54-56 (3); MRAC 86-10-P-89 (1), 86-10-P-90-92 (3), 86-10-P-93 (1, c&s), 87-24-P-152 (1), 87-24-P-153-155 (3), 87-24-P-161 (1), 87-24-P-162-164 (3), 88-35-P-7-8 (2); MNHN 1988-0250 (1). •Valid as Ctenopoma nebulosum Norris & Teugels 1990 -- (Lévèque et al. 1991:146 [ref. 31367], Norris in Lévêque et al. 1992:843 [ref. 21590], Norris 2007:265 [ref. 30044] in "Ctenopoma"). Current status: Valid as Ctenopoma nebulosum Norris & Teugels 1990. Anabantidae. Distribution: Western Africa: Niger Delta ecoregion endemic. Habitat: freshwater.

nigricans, Microctenopoma Norris [S. M.] 1995:369, Fig. 11 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 6 (no. 4); ref. 21948] Lubi River, tributary to Sankuru River, about 160 air-kilometers south-southeast of Kananga, about 23°E to the south of 7°S, Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype: MRAC 104317. Paratypes: MRAC 87160-167 (8), 104318-31 (14), 153523-26 (4). •Valid as Microctenopoma nigricans Norris 1995 -- (Munene et al. 2021:25 [ref. 39283]). Current status: Valid as Microctenopoma nigricans Norris 1995. Anabantidae. Distribution: Central Africa: Congo River system. Habitat: freshwater.

nigropannosum, Ctenopoma Reichenow [A.] 1876:147 [Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin 1875 (for 21 Dec. 1875); ref. 18612] Loango, Gabon. Syntypes: ZMB 7009 (2), 9131 (2). Type catalog: Paepke 1994:314 [ref. 21516]. •Valid as Ctenopoma nigropannosum Reichenow 1876 (often dated 1875) -- (Gosse 1986:410 [ref. 6194], Vierke 1986:52 [ref. 36452], Vierke 1988:81 [ref. 36453], Fuller et al. 1999:468 [ref. 25838], Norris 2007:255 [ref. 30044], Skelton 2019:227 [ref. 36564], Stiassny et al. 2021:1688 [ref. 39000], Fermon et al. 2022:227 [ref. 39448], Walsh et al. 2022:[5] [ref. 39281]). Current status: Valid as Ctenopoma nigropannosum Reichenow 1876. Anabantidae. Distribution: Western-central Africa: Gabon, Republic of Congo, and Democratic Republic of Congo. Habitat: freshwater.

ocellatum, Ctenopoma Pellegrin [J.] 1899:359 [Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Série 1) v. 5 (no. 7); ref. 14733] Makaka, Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1886-0472. Type catalog: Blanc 1963:73 [ref. 19851]. •Valid as Ctenopoma ocellatum Pellegrin 1899 -- (Gosse 1986:411 [ref. 6194], Vierke 1986:53 [ref. 36452], Vierke 1988:81 [ref. 36453], Krysanov & Golubtsov 2001:739 [ref. 25916], Stiassny et al. 2021:1688 [ref. 39000], Fermon et al. 2022:227 [ref. 39448] with question). Current status: Valid as Ctenopoma ocellatum Pellegrin 1899. Anabantidae. Distribution: Western-central Africa: Niger Delta (Nigeria); middle Congo River system (Democratic Republic of Congo). Habitat: freshwater.

ocellifer, Anabas muriei Nichols [J. T.] 1928:3, Fig. 3 [American Museum Novitates No. 309; ref. 15863] Ankoro, junction of Lualaba and Luvua rivers, Katanga Province, Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype: AMNH 9253. Paratypes: AMNH 9259 (4). •Synonym of Ctenopoma muriei (Boulenger 1906), but a valid subspecies as described -- (Gosse 1986:409 [ref. 6194]). •Valid as Microctenopoma ocellifer (Nichols 1928) -- (Norris 1995:358, 372 [ref. 21948], Kullander & Roberts 2012:367 [ref. 31751]). Current status: Valid as Microctenopoma ocellifer (Nichols 1928). Anabantidae. Distribution: Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

oligolepis, Anabas Bleeker [P.] 1855:161 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 8 (no. 1); ref. 16837] Bandjarmasin, Borneo, Indonesia. Syntypes: (9) Bleeker specimens: NMV 45988 (1). •Valid as Anabas oligolepis Bleeker 1855 -- (Vierke 1986:59 [ref. 36452], Vierke 1988:89 [ref. 36453]). •Synonym of Anabas cobojius (Hamilton 1822) -- (Talwar & Jhingran 1991:996 [ref. 20764]). •Synonym of Anabas testudineus (Bloch 1792) -- (Kottelat 2013:447 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Anabas testudineus (Bloch 1792). Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

oxyrhynchus, Anabas Boulenger [G. A.] 1902:52, Pl. 15 (fig. 2) [Annales du Musee du Congo (Ser. Zoologie) v. 2 (fasc. 2); ref. 562] Yembe River at Banzyville, Democratic Republic of Congo, about 4°18'N, 21°11'E. Holotype (unique): MRAC 1164. See Opinion 1562 where oxyrhynchus is not conserved for purposes of priority. The specific name oxyrhynchus is a noun. •Valid as Ctenopoma oxyrhynchum (Boulenger 1902) -- (Gosse 1986:412 [ref. 6194], Vierke 1986:53 [ref. 36452], Vierke 1988:83 [ref. 36453]). •Synonym of Ctenopoma weeksii Boulenger 1896. Current status: Synonym of Ctenopoma weeksii Boulenger 1896. Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater.

pekkolai, Anabas Rendahl [H.] 1935:16, Fig. 6 [Annales Zoologici Societatis Zoologicae Botanicae Fennicae Vanamo v. 2 (2); ref. 13741] Tonga, White Nile River, Sudan. Holotype (unique): ZMUA [= UAZM]. •Valid as Anabas pekkolai Rendahl 1935 -- (Gosse 1986:412 [ref. 6194]). •Valid as Microctenopoma pekkolai (Rendahl 1935) -- (Norris 1995:358 [ref. 21948], Krysanov & Golubtsov 2001:739 [ref. 25916]). Current status: Valid as Microctenopoma pekkolai (Rendahl 1935). Anabantidae. Distribution: Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

pellegrinii, Anabas Boulenger [G. A.] 1902:51, Pl. 15 (fig. 1) [Annales du Musee du Congo (Ser. Zoologie) v. 2 (fasc. 2); ref. 562] Yembe River at Banzyville, Democratic Republic of Congo, about 4°18'N, 21°11'E. Syntypes: BMNH 1901.12.26.54 (1), MRAC 1276 (1). •Valid as Ctenopoma pellegrinii (Boulenger 1902) -- (Gosse 1986:412 [ref. 6194] as pellegrini, Vierke 1986:54 [ref. 36452] as pellegrini, Vierke 1988:84 [ref. 36453] as pellegrini, Britz & Cambray 2001:280 [ref. 25647] as cf. pellegrini, Fermon et al. 2022:227 [ref. 39448] with question). Current status: Valid as Ctenopoma pellegrini (Boulenger 1902). Anabantidae. Distribution: Western-central Africa: middle Congo River basin (Democratic Republic of Congo). Habitat: freshwater.

petherici, Ctenopoma Günther [A.] 1864:211 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 3) v. 13 (no. 75); ref. 18181] Upper Nile River, at Chartoum and Gondokoro. Syntypes: BMNH 1863.3.9.17 (1, 6.5 in.), ZMB 5296 (1). Type catalog: Paepke 1994:314 [ref. 21516]. Boulenger 1864:348 [ref. 17101] states, "I propose to retain the name Petherici for the large specimen figured in Petherick's `travels,' the others, the supposed young, representing a smaller species, which I have the pleasure in naming after Dr. J. Murie...[Anabas muriei]." •Valid as Ctenopoma petherici Günther 1864 -- (Gosse 1986:412 [ref. 6194], Vierke 1986:55 [ref. 36452], Vierke 1988:84 [ref. 36453], Norris & Teugels 1990:496 [ref. 15717], Lévèque et al. 1991:146 [ref. 31367], Norris in Lévêque et al. 1992:846 [ref. 21590], Norris & Douglas 1992:716 [ref. 19869], Dankwa et al. 1999:49 [ref. 28023], Krysanov & Golubtsov 2001:739 [ref. 25916], Neumann et al. 2016:307 [ref. 35036], Fermon et al. 2022:228 [ref. 39448] with question). Current status: Valid as Ctenopoma petherici Günther 1864. Anabantidae. Distribution: Northeast Africa: Nile River system (Egypt and Sudan). Habitat: freshwater.

pleurostigma, Anabas Boulenger [G. A.] 1903:27, Pl. 5 (fig. 1) [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1903, v. 1 (pt 1) (art. 3); ref. 570] Kribi River, southern Cameroon. Syntypes: (several) BMNH 1902.7.28.59-63 (5), 1902.11.12.150 (1). •Synonym of Ctenopoma maculatum Thominot 1886 -- (Gosse 1986:408 [ref. 6194]). Current status: Synonym of Ctenopoma maculatum Thominot 1886. Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater.

rhodesianus, Anabas Gilchrist [J. D. F.] & Thompson [W. W.] 1917:548 [Annals of the South African Museum v. 11 (pt 6); ref. 15119] Livingstone, Victoria Falls, Zambia/Zimbabwe. Holotype (unique): SAM 10793 [now at AMG]. •Synonym of Ctenopoma multispine Peters 1844 -- (Gosse 1986:402 [ref. 6194]). Current status: Synonym of Ctenopoma multispine Peters 1844. Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater.

ricei, Anabas testudineus Das [S. M.] 1966:93 [Ichthyologica (Srinagar, Kashmir) v. 3 (nos 1-2) 1964; ref. 7729] Rice fields, Balrampur, India. No types known. •Synonym of Anabas testudineus (Bloch 1792) -- (Talwar & Jhingran 1991:997 [ref. 20764], Menon 1999:297 [ref. 24904], Kottelat 2013:447 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Anabas testudineus (Bloch 1792). Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

riggenbachi, Anabas Ahl [E.] 1927:79 [Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin 1927 (for Apr.-July); ref. 15834] Cameroon. Holotype (unique): ZMB 21227. Type catalog: Paepke 1994:312 [ref. 21516]. Types mentioned: Paepke 1995:97 [ref. 21847]. •Valid as Ctenopoma riggenbachi (Ahl 1927) -- (Gosse 1986:413 [ref. 6194]). •Synonym of Ctenopoma petherici Günther 1864 -- (Norris & Douglas 1992:716 [ref. 19869]). Current status: Synonym of Ctenopoma petherici Günther 1864. Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater.

riveri, Anabas testudineus Das [S. M.] 1966:93 [Ichthyologica (Srinagar, Kashmir) v. 3 (nos 1-2) 1964; ref. 7729] Rapti River, Basti and Kathina River, Lakhimpur Kheri, India. No types known. •Synonym of Anabas testudineus (Bloch 1792) -- (Talwar & Jhingran 1991:996 [ref. 20764], Menon 1999:297 [ref. 24904], Kottelat 2013:447 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Anabas testudineus (Bloch 1792). Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

scandens, Perca Daldorff [D. C. de] 1797:62 [The Transactions of the Linnean Society of London v. 3 (art. 14); ref. 17360] Tranquebar [Tharangambadi], India. No types known. •Synonym of Anabas testudineus (Bloch 1792) -- (Roberts 1989:171 [ref. 6439], Menon 1999:296 [ref. 24904], Kottelat 2013:447 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Anabas testudineus (Bloch 1792). Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

scansor, Amphiprion Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.] 1801:204 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] Unneeded new name for Perca scandens Daldorff 1797. •Synonym of Anabas testudineus (Bloch 1792) -- (Menon 1999:297 [ref. 24904], Kottelat 2013:447 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Anabas testudineus (Bloch 1792). Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

smithii, Spirobranchus Bianconi [G. G.] 1859:279, Pl. 10 [Specimina zoologica mosambicana; ref. 295] Mozambique. No types known. Original not seen. Name also appeared in Bianconi 1859:503 [ref. 26455] with figure. •Synonym of Ctenopoma multispine Peters 1844 -- (Gosse 1986:403 [ref. 6194]). Current status: Synonym of Ctenopoma multispine Peters 1844. Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater.

spinosus, Anabas Gray [J. E.] 1834:no page number, Pl. 89 (fig. 1) [Illustrations of Indian zoology; ref. 1878] India. Published about 1 Oct. 1834. •Synonym of Anabas testudineus (Bloch 1792) -- (Menon 1999:297 [ref. 24904], Kottelat 2013:447 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Anabas testudineus (Bloch 1792). Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

steveboyesi, Microctenopoma Skelton [P. H.], Stauffer [J. R., Jr.], Chakona [A.] & Wisor [J. M.] 2021:349, Figs. 1b, 3 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 30 (no. 4) IEF-1134; ref. 38399] Calua Lagoon, tributary of Cuito River, Okavango system, Moxico Province, Angola, 12°44'11"S, 18°23'34"E. Holotype: SAIAB 203370. Paratypes: MRAC, SAIAB. Plus additional non-type material. •Valid as Microctenopoma steveboyesi Skelton, Stauffer, Chakona & Wisor 2021. Current status: Valid as Microctenopoma steveboyesi Skelton, Stauffer, Chakona & Wisor 2021. Anabantidae. Distribution: Southern Africa: Cuanza, Cuito-Okavango and upper Zambezi River drainages, Angola. Habitat: freshwater.

stevenorrisi, Microctenopoma Skelton [P. H.], Stauffer [J. R., Jr.], Chakona [A.] & Wisor [J. M.] 2021:353, Fig. 6 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 30 (no. 4) IEF-1134; ref. 38399] Alto Chicapa, Luemba River, village Sá Mundji, Congo system, Angola, approximately 10°50'S, 19°10'E. Holotype: MRAC 164142. Paratypes: MRAC, SAIAB. •Valid as Microctenopoma stevenorrisi Skelton, Stauffer, Chakona & Wisor 2021. Current status: Valid as Microctenopoma stevenorrisi Skelton, Stauffer, Chakona & Wisor 2021. Anabantidae. Distribution: Southern Africa: Cuango and Cuilo-Casai River drainages, southern Congo River basin, Angola. Habitat: freshwater.

testudineus, Anthias Bloch [M. E.] 1792:121, Pl. 322 [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 6; ref. 470] "Japan" [actual is Tranquebar, India, now Tharangambadi, Tamil Nadu, India]. Lectotype: ZMB 1370. Paralectotypes: ZMB 6578 (1, lost). Type catalog: Paepke 1994:313 [ref. 21516], Paepke 1999:44 [ref. 24282]. On p. 104 of Bloch's Ichthyologie, v. 9 [ref. 21381]. Spelled testudinaceus in Rendahl 1928:176 [ref. 3702]. Lectotype selected by Paepke 1994:313 [ref. 21516]. Sometimes dated to 1795. •Valid as Anabas testudineus (Bloch 1792) -- (Shrestha 1978:41 [ref. 15970], Feng in Kuang et al. 1986:322 [ref. 26639] dated 1795, Vierke 1986:60 [ref. 36452], Vierke 1988:89 [ref. 36453], Roberts 1989:171 [ref. 6439], Ataur Rahman 1989:284 [ref. 24860], Pethiyagoda 1991:258 [ref. 20075], Talwar & Jhingran 1991:996 [ref. 20764], Zhong in Pan et al. 1991:507 [ref. 23876], Kottelat et al. 1993:160 [ref. 23448], Indra 1994:425 [ref. 24015], Kottelat & Lim 1996:248 [ref. 23210], Sen 1995:590 [ref. 23778], Zhu 1995:185 [ref. 25213], Rainboth 1996:214 [ref. 22772], Rema Devi et al. 1996:143 [ref. 24021], Banik & Choudhury 1996:580 [ref. 24736], Wakiyama et al. 1997:100 [ref. 25519], Vu & Nguyen 1997:27 [ref. 26438], Kottelat 1998:115 [ref. 23436], Ng & Tan 1999:363 [ref. 24159], Rema Devi et al. 1999:163 [ref. 24758], Menon 1999:296 [ref. 24904], Fuller et al. 1999:468 [ref. 25838], Freyhof et al. 2000:97 [ref. 25184], Karmakar 2000:35 [ref. 25662], Kottelat 2001:62 [ref. 25482], Britz & Cambray 2001:280 [ref. 25647], Doi et al. 2001:17 [ref. 25691], Allen et al. 2000:160 [ref. 27467], Kottelat 2001:158 [ref. 25780], Raju Thomas et al. 2002:51 [ref. 26359], Yadav 2003:24 [ref. 27711], Ataur Rahman 2003:309 [ref. 31338], Tan & Lim 2004:111 [ref. 27716], Larson & Pidgeon 2004:197 [ref. 28107], Tan & Ng 2005:116 [ref. 28283], Parenti & Lim 2005:194 [ref. 28285], Shrestha 2008:226 [ref. 29923], Allen et al. 2008:197 [ref. 30265], Valis'eva & Vasil'ev 2012:664 [ref. 32477], Kottelat 2013:447 [ref. 32989], Kottelat 2015:48 [ref. 33971], Miesen et al. 2016:95 [ref. 34492], Zhang et al. 2016:208 [ref. 34477], Labatos 2017:5 [ref. 36239], Suresh et al. 2018:308 [ref. 36495], Sulaiman et al. 2018:37 [ref. 35802], Ng et al. 2019:534 [ref. 36606], Bandjolu et al. 2021:4 [ref. 38801], Fu et al. 2021:9573 [ref. 39347], Taki et al. 2021:402 [ref. 39830], Hasan et al. 2022:6035 [ref. 39888], Jamaluddin et al. 2022:[6] [ref. 39245], Shangningam & Kosygin 2022:61 [ref. 39587], Tudu et al. 2022:44 [ref. 40484], Chan et al. 2023:141 [ref. 40365], Jamandre 2023:159 [ref. 40455]). Current status: Valid as Anabas testudineus (Bloch 1792). Anabantidae. Distribution: South Asia, Southeast Asia, East Asia: India and Sri Lanka to Indonesia, Philippines and China. Introduced widely elsewhere. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

testudo, Lutjanus Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1802:192, 235 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 4; ref. 4929] Japan; Coromandel, India. Type catalog: Bauchot et al. 1981:39 [ref. 21549]. Unjustified emendation (on p. 235) of Anthias testudineus Bloch 1792; both spellings cited by Lacepède. •Synonym of Anabas testudineus (Bloch 1792) -- (Menon 1999:297 [ref. 24904], Kottelat 2013:447 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Anabas testudineus (Bloch 1792). Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

togoensis, Anabas Ahl [E.] 1928:205 [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 78 (nos 9/10); ref. 15832] Kete Kratschi, Togo. Holotype (unique): ZMB 15804. Type catalog: Paepke 1994:313 [ref. 21516]. Types mentioned: Paepke 1995:97 [ref. 21847]. •Valid as Ctenopoma togoensis (Ahl 1928) -- (Gosse 1986:413 [ref. 6194]). •Synonym of Ctenopoma petherici Günther 1864 -- (Norris & Douglas 1992:716 [ref. 19869]). Current status: Synonym of Ctenopoma petherici Günther 1864. Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater.

tongtruongensis, Anabas Nguyen [V. H.], Ngô [S. V.] & Nguyen [T. D. P.] 2015:88, Fig. 1 [Journal of Agriculture & Rural Development (Tap chik hoa hoc nong nghiep) Nr. 21; ref. 36503] Karst region, Ninh Hai, Hoa Lu district, Ninh Binh Province, Vietnam. Holotype: RIAH [?] NB.07.03.20.001. Paratypes: RIAH [?] NB.07.03.20.002-6 (5). •Valid as Anabas tongtruongensis Nguyen, Ngô & Nguyen 2015. Current status: Valid as Anabas tongtruongensis Nguyen, Ngô & Nguyen 2015. Anabantidae. Distribution: Hoa Lu district, Ninh Binh Province, Vietnam. Habitat: freshwater.

trifoliatus, Anabas Kaup [J. J.] 1860:124, Pl. 6 (fig. A) [Archiv für Naturgeschichte v. 26 (pt 1); ref. 18373] Java, Indonesia. No types known. •Synonym of Anabas testudineus (Bloch 1792) -- (Kottelat 2013:447 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Anabas testudineus (Bloch 1792). Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

typicoides, Diacopoma Smith [A.] 1832:20 [The South African Quarterly Journal No. 5, for Oct.1831; ref. 30409] Lakes and rivers of the eastern part of the Colony as well as those more to the interior of the continent [Cape Province, South Africa]. No types known. •Synonym of Sandelia capensis (Cuvier 1829). Current status: Synonym of Sandelia capensis (Cuvier 1829). Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater.

typicus, Diacopoma Smith [A.] 1832:19 [The South African Quarterly Journal No. 5, for Oct.1831; ref. 30409] Rivers towards the southern extremity of Africa [Cape Province, South Africa]. No types known. •Synonym of Sandelia capensis (Cuvier 1829). Current status: Synonym of Sandelia capensis (Cuvier 1829). Anabantidae.

uelense, Microctenopoma Norris [S. M.] & Douglas [M. E.] in Norris 1995:364, Fig. 8 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 6 (no. 4); ref. 21948] Unspecified tributary of Nangbalama River, northeastern most of Congo River system, Uele District, just outside Garamba National Park, Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype: MRAC 90-51-P-1. Paratypes: AMNH 6340 (7); ANSP 66823-29 (7), 67230-35 (6); BMNH 1913.1.22.3 (1); FMNH 73555 (45, 4 c&s), 73556 (15); IRSNB 10332 (1), 15206 (6); MRAC (29 lots, 149); USNM 313977 (4). •Valid as Microctenopoma uelense Norris & Douglas 1995. Current status: Valid as Microctenopoma uelense Norris & Douglas 1995. Anabantidae. Distribution: Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

variegatus, Anabas Bleeker [P.] 1851:220 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 2 (no. 2); ref. 330] Kema, northern Sulawesi, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Anabas testudineus (Bloch 1792) -- (Kottelat 2013:447 [ref. 32989], Miesen et al. 2016:95 [ref. 34492]). Current status: Synonym of Anabas testudineus (Bloch 1792). Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

vernayi, Anabas Fowler [H. W.] 1935:279, Fig. 15 [Annals of the Transvaal Museum v. 16 (pt 2); ref. 1423] Chobe River, below rapids, 3 miles from Kasane, Botswana. Holotype (unique): SAIAB [ex TMP 15291] (not found at SAIAB). •Synonym of Ctenopoma multispine Peters 1844 -- (Gosse 1986:403 [ref. 6194]). Current status: Synonym of Ctenopoma multispine Peters 1844. Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater.

vicinus, Anabas Boulenger [G. A.] 1916:51, Fig. 28 [Catalogue of the fresh-water fishes of Africa v. 4; ref. 585] Port Elizabeth, Cape Province, South Africa. Syntypes: (10) BMNH 1853.2.4.100 (1), 1891.5.6.6-8 (3), 1899.12.12.1 (1), 1900.4.20.12-13 (2). Additional material (3). •Valid as Sandelia vicina (Boulenger 1916) -- (Vierke 1986:57 [ref. 36452], Vierke 1988:87 [ref. 36453]). •Synonym of Sandelia capensis (Cuvier 1829) -- (Gosse 1986:414 [ref. 6194]). Current status: Synonym of Sandelia capensis (Cuvier 1829). Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater.

weeksii, Ctenopoma Boulenger [G. A.] 1896:310 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 6) v. 17 (no. 100) (art. 49); ref. 14601] About 50 miles south of Mangala, upper Congo River (Democratic Republic of Congo). Holotype (unique): BMNH 1898.3.19.16. Ctenopoma weeksii placed on Official List to conserve over Ctenopoma oxyrhynchum. •Synonym of Ctenopoma maculatum Thominot 1886 -- (Gosse 1986:408 [ref. 6194]). •Valid as Ctenopoma weeksii Boulenger 1896 -- (Britz & Cambray 2001:280 [ref. 25647], Stiassny et al. 2021:1688 [ref. 39000], Fermon et al. 2022:228 [ref. 39448] with question). Current status: Valid as Ctenopoma weeksii Boulenger 1896. Anabantidae. Distribution: Central Africa: middle and upper Congo River system (Democratic Republic of Congo). Habitat: freshwater.