Please look in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes for authorships of sections, Families of Fishes (all), and related information.

Species in the family or subfamily Stomiidae: [ 452 ] records

abarbatus, Bathophilus Barnett [M. A.] & Gibbs [R. H., Jr.] 1968:828 [Copeia 1968 (no. 4); ref. 7863] Southwestern Pacific, 32°23'S, 172°49'E, depth 0-230 meters. Holotype: USNM 202722. Paratypes: DANA station 3593 (2), 3613 (1), 3624-26 (1, 3, 1); NMNZ P.5592 (1); USNM 202719-21 (1, 1, 3), 202723 (1); VUW 86 (1). Type catalog: Hardy 1990:8 [ref. 18942]. •Valid as Bathophilus abarbatus Barnett & Gibbs 1968 -- (Paxton et al. 1989:198 [ref. 12442], Paulin et al. 1989:102 [ref. 24556], Harold 1999:1912 [ref. 24741], Paxton et al. 2006:444 [ref. 28995], Kenaley & Stewart 2015:499 [ref. 34248]). Current status: Valid as Bathophilus abarbatus Barnett & Gibbs 1968. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

abyssorum, Astronesthes Köhler [R.] 1896:511, Pl. 27 (fig. 10) [Annales de l'Université de Lyon. Paris [etc.] v. 26; ref. 14612] Off Atlantic coast of France, station 10, depth 800 meters. Holotype (unique): UCBL?. •Valid as Borostomias abyssorum (Köhler 1896) -- (Gibbs 1964:333 [ref. 6960]). Current status: Valid as Borostomias abyssorum (Köhler 1896). Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Eastern North Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

achirus, Eustomias Parin [N. V.] & Pokhil'skaya [G. N.] 1974:340, Fig. 12 [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 96; ref. 7527] Off Port Douglas, Australia, 16°24'S, 149°11'E, Coral Sea, depth 200-0 meters. Holotype: ZIN 41532. Additional material: IOM (1). •Valid as Eustomias achirus Parin & Pokhil'skaya 1974 -- (Paxton et al. 1989:199 [ref. 12442], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:314 [ref. 14915], Clarke 1998:678 [ref. 23419], Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741], Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:188 [ref. 27076], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:17 [ref. 28815], Paxton et al. 2006:445 [ref. 28995], Harold 2016:1813 [ref. 34568], Sutton et al. 2020:100 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:175 [ref. 39448], Page et al. 2023:87 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias achirus Parin & Pokhil'skaya 1974. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Circumglobal, except eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

achirus, Photonectes Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:122, Fig. 116a [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] Caribbean Sea, western Atlantic. Syntypes: (4) BMNH 1929.7.6.176a (2?), ZMUC P202055-57. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:22 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Photonectes achirus Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:533 [ref. 23897], Harold 2003:912 [ref. 27001], Mundy 2005:188 [ref. 28379], Klepadlo 2011:202 [ref. 31414] in subgenus Photonectes, Flynn & Klepadlo 2012:260, 265 [ref. 32343], Prokofiev 2016:489 [ref. 34688] may be conspecific with Photonectes caerulescens, Koeda & Ho 2019:183 [ref. 36650], Prokofiev & Klepadlo 2019:280 [ref. 36682], Prokofiev 2019:450 [ref. 36966], Eduardo et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39574], Villarins et al. 2022:58 [ref. 39442], Page et al. 2023:89 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Photonectes achirus Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: eastern U.S.A. south to northern Brazil, including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea; western and central Pacific. Habitat: marine.

acinosus, Eustomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:79, Fig. 55a [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] North Atlantic. Syntypes: BMNH 1929.7.6.77 (1) Dana station 1322 (27°02'N, 53°39'W); ZMUC P201945 (1) Dana station 1030 (35°31'N, 55°58'W). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:14 [ref. 9588]. •Synonym of Eustomias enbarbatus Welsh 1923 -- (Gibbs & Barnett 1990:316 [ref. 14915]). •Valid as Eustomias acinosus Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Parin & Pokhil'skaya 1974:322 [ref. 7527], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:491 [ref. 23897], Harold 2016:1813 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:97 [ref. 37250], Page et al. 2023:87 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias acinosus Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: North Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

aequatorialis, Eustomias Clarke [T. A.] 1998:680, Fig. 1B [Copeia 1998 (no. 3); ref. 23419] Eastern Atlantic, 1°24'S, 26°58'W, Walther Herwig Sta. 186/66, depth 170-330 meters. Holotype: ISH 580-1966. Paratypes: ISH 2427-1971 (2), SIO 63-560 (1); plus non-type material. •Valid as Eustomias aequatorialis Clarke 1998 -- (Harold 2016:1813 [ref. 34568], Sutton et al. 2020:100 [ref. 37832]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias aequatorialis Clarke 1998. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

affinis, Stomias Günther [A.] 1887:205, Pl. 54 (fig. A) [Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger v. 22 (pt 57); ref. 2013] South of Sombrero Island, Challenger station 23, depth 450 fathoms. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1887.12.7.224. •Valid as Stomias affinis Günther 1887 -- (Gibbs 1969:2 [ref. 14912], Fujii in Okamura et al. 1982:91, 333 [ref. 8256], Fujii in Uyeno et al. 1983:143 [ref. 14275], Dor 1984:46 [ref. 29757], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:49 [ref. 6441], Machida in Okamura & Kitajima 1984:151, 338 [ref. 8057], Fink & Fink 1986:494 [ref. 5176], Paxton et al. 1989:207 [ref. 12442], Gibbs 1990:296 [ref. 14899], Goren & Dor 1994:12 [ref. 25356], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:542 [ref. 23897], Harold 1999:1908 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:323 [ref. 25086], Randall & Lim in Randall & Lim 2000:591 [ref. 25122], Hutchins 2001:19 [ref. 25847], Shinohara et al. 2001:298 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:323 [ref. 26001], Harold 2003:906 [ref. 27001], Menezes et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:48 [ref. 27192], Moore et al. 2003:186 [ref. 27076], Shinohara et al. 2005:406 [ref. 28370], Paxton et al. 2006:442 [ref. 28995], Costa & Mincarone 2010:316 [ref. 37483], Fricke et al. 2014:26 [ref. 33932], Kenaley & Stewart 2015:488 [ref. 34248], Harold 2016:1818 [ref. 34568], Nión et al. 2016:36 [ref. 35565], Fricke et al. 2018:68 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:33 [ref. 36273], Fricke et al. 2019:62 [ref. 36673], Reiner 2019:97 [ref. 38139], Klautau et al. 2020:7 [ref. 37903], Sutton et al. 2020:127 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:171 [ref. 39448], Page et al. 2023:89 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Stomias affinis Günther 1887. Stomiidae: Stomiinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical seas (including Red Sea). Habitat: marine.

aguayoi, Eustomias Barbour [T.] 1942:47, Pl. 22; Figs. 1-2 [Proceedings of the New England Zoölogical Club v. 19; ref. 13192] North Atlantic, 40°38'N, 71°39'W, depth 2780-0 fathoms. Holotype: MCZ 35616. Genus misspelled originally as Eustomius. •Synonym of Photonectes margarita (Goode & Bean 1896) -- (Gibbs & Barnett 1990:335 [ref. 14915], Prokofiev 2014:380 [ref. 33470], Prokofiev 2019:450 [ref. 36966]). Current status: Synonym of Photonectes margarita (Goode & Bean 1896). Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: . Habitat: marine.

alberti, Trichostomias Roule [L.] & Angel [F.] 1931:7 [Bulletin de l'Institut Océanographique (Monaco) No. 581; ref. 3825] Banc Gorringe, North Atlantic, 39°19'N, 35°24'30"W, station 3284, depth 1000-0 meters. Holotype (unique): MOM 0091-1553. Type catalog: Belloc 1949:6 [ref. 21544]. Also appeared in Roule & Angel 1933:13, Pl. 1 (fig. 6) [ref. 3827]. •Synonym of Bathophilus metallicus (Welsh 1923) -- (Morrow 1973:136 [ref. 7175]). •Synonym of Bathophilus vaillanti (Zugmayer 1911) -- (Gibbs & Barnett 1990:311 [ref. 14915]). Current status: Synonym of Bathophilus vaillanti (Zugmayer 1911). Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

albibarba, Melanostomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:114, Fig. 109b [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] Caribbean Sea; North Atlantic. Syntypes: (6 + 7 juveniles) BMNH 1929.7.6.146-149 (4); ZMUC P202006-09 (4). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:21 [ref. 9588]. •Synonym of Melanostomias melanops Brauer 1902 -- (Morrow 1973:134 [ref. 7175], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:329 [ref. 14915]). Current status: Synonym of Melanostomias melanops Brauer 1902. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

albibulbus, Eustomias Clarke [T. A.] 2001:695, Fig. 4C [Copeia 2001 (no. 3); ref. 25448] North Pacific, near Hawaii, "0-136 fathoms". Holotype: USNM 301210. Paratypes: SIO 96-9 (1), USNM 301215 (1); plus nontype material. •Valid as Eustomias albibulbus Clarke 2001 -- (Mundy 2005:180 [ref. 28379]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias albibulbus Clarke 2001. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine.

albipennis, Lucifer Döderlein [L.] 1882:26, Pl. 3 (figs. 1-6) [Archiv für Naturgeschichte v. 48 (pt. 1); ref. 1139] Enoshima, Japan. Holotype (unique): MZS 1437. Type information (MZS) from Amaoka & Fujii 1999:156 [ref. 26515]. •Valid as Photonectes albipennis (Döderlein 1882) -- (Fujii in Okamura et al. 1982:87, 331 [ref. 8256], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:52 [ref. 6441], Machida in Okamura & Kitajima 1984:155, 339 [ref. 8057], Paxton et al. 1989:202 [ref. 12442], Shinohara et al. 1996:163 [ref. 26605], Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:338 [ref. 25086], Randall & Lim in Randall & Lim 2000:591 [ref. 25122], Hutchins 2001:19 [ref. 25847], Shinohara et al. 2001:298 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:338 [ref. 26001], Shinohara et al. 2005:407 [ref. 28370], Mundy 2005:189 [ref. 28379], Paxton et al. 2006:450 [ref. 28995], Fricke et al. 2011:358 [ref. 31242], Klepadlo 2011:202 [ref. 31414] in subgenus Photonectes, Fricke et al. 2014:26 [ref. 33932], Parin et al. 2014:149 [ref. 33547], Koeda & Ho 2019:183 [ref. 36650], Prokofiev 2019:450 [ref. 36966]). Current status: Valid as Photonectes albipennis (Döderlein 1882). Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: South Africa east to Hawaiian Islands and French Polynesia, north to Kuril Islands and East China Sea, south to New Caledonia. Habitat: marine.

altipinnis, Bathophilus Beebe [W.] 1933:162, Fig. 2 [Copeia 1933 (no. 4); ref. 246] 8 miles south of Nonsuch Island, Bermuda, depth 800 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 170926 [ex NYZS 10885]. Type catalog: Mead 1958:132 [ref. 20648]. •Valid as Bathophilus altipinnis Beebe 1933 -- (McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:483 [ref. 23897], Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:186 [ref. 27076], Mundy 2005:179 [ref. 28379], Prokofiev 2014:377 [ref. 33470], Rajakrishnan et al. 2023:2 [ref. 40430], Page et al. 2023:86 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Bathophilus altipinnis Beebe 1933. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Bermuda; Indo-West Pacific: Arabian Sea (India); Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.). Habitat: marine.

analis, Leptostomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:61, Fig. 40 [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] North of St. Croix Island, Caribbean Sea, 17°43'24"N, 64°54'18"W, Dana station 1192, depth 200 meters (600 meters wire out). Holotype (unique): ZMUC P201916. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:20 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Leptostomias analis Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:519 [ref. 23897], Harold 2003:912 [ref. 27001]). Current status: Valid as Leptostomias analis Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. IUCN (2019): Data deficient. Habitat: marine.

angulifer, Lamprotoxus Beebe [W.] 1932:56, Fig. 9 [Zoologica, Scientific Contributions of the New York Zoological Society v. 13 (no. 4); ref. 16099] 15 miles southeast of Nonsuch Island, Bermuda, depth 500 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 170936 [ex NYZS 21667]. Paratypes: NYZS 22483 (1, poor condition, whereabouts unknown). Type catalog: Mead 1958:133 [ref. 20648]. •Synonym of Grammatostomias dentatus Goode & Bean 1896 -- (Gibbs & Barnett 1990:324 [ref. 14915]). Current status: Synonym of Grammatostomias dentatus Goode & Bean 1896. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

antarcticus, Astronesthes Lönnberg [E.] 1905:762 [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 28 (no. 23); ref. 15369] Southwestern Atlantic, 48°27'S, 42°36'W, depth 2500 meters. Holotype (unique): NRM 11001. Also appeared as new in Lönnberg 1905:65 [ref. 2839] as Astronectes antarcticus. •Valid as Borostomias antarcticus (Lönnberg 1905) -- (Gibbs 1964:334 [ref. 6960], Gibbs & Morrow 1973:127 [ref. 7174], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:331 [ref. 13675], Gibbs 1986:233 [ref. 5655], Scott & Scott 1988:175 [ref. 25518], Paxton et al. 1989:195 [ref. 12442], Pequeño 1989:31 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:100 [ref. 24556], McAllister 1990:93 [ref. 14674], Gon 1990:128 [ref. 21680], Nielsen & Schwägermann in Okamura et al. 1995:93 [ref. 22531], Moore et al. 2003:185 [ref. 27076], Duhamel et al. 2005:136 [ref. 32059], Paxton et al. 2006:437 [ref. 28995], Kenaley et al. 2008:243 [ref. 30630], Kenaley et al. 2008:243 [ref. 30630], Møller et al. 2010:30 [ref. 31169], Stewart & Kenaley 2015:482 [ref. 34250], Afonso et al. 2016:27, 112 [ref. 36199], Bañón et al. 2016:310 [ref. 34397], Harold 2016:1799 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:96 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:97 [ref. 37832], Bañón & Maño 2021:55 [ref. 38883], Bañón et al. 2021:5 [ref. 40417], Kovačić et al. 2021:24 [ref. 39014], Fermon et al. 2022:173 [ref. 39448] possible, Page et al. 2023:87 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Borostomias antarcticus (Lönnberg 1905). Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Circumglobal; antitropical (including Mediterranean Sea). Habitat: marine.

antea, Eustomias (Haploclonus) Villarins [B. T.], Fischer [L. G.], Prokofiev [A. M.] & Mincarone [M. M.] 2023:3, Figs. 2, 7A [Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society Advance access; ref. 40593] Off Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, ABRACOS station AB2#41A, Brazil, 03°19ʹ59"S, 32°24ʹ42"W - 03°19ʹ32"S, 32°25ʹ05"W, depth 430 meters. Holotype (unique): NPM 4880. •Valid as Eustomias antea Villarins, Fischer, Prokofiev & Mincarone 2023. Current status: Valid as Eustomias antea Villarins, Fischer, Prokofiev & Mincarone 2023. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: northern Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, Brazil. Habitat: marine.

antrostomus, Idiacanthus Gilbert [C. H.] 1890:54 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 13 (no. 797); ref. 1623] 33°49'45"N, 119°24'30"W, off southern California, U.S.A., Albatross station 2980, depth 603 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 44286. •Valid as Idiacanthus antrostomus Gilbert 1890 -- (Gibbs 1964:513 [ref. 6961], Yamamoto in Amaoka et al. 1983:85, 181 [ref. 8379], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:54 [ref. 6441], Matarese et al. 1989:120 [ref. 26885], Pequeño 1989:33 [ref. 14125], Harold 1999:1915 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:346 [ref. 25086], Shinohara et al. 2001:298 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:346 [ref. 26001], Love et al. 2005:38 [ref. 37547], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:252 [ref. 28944], Fourriére et al. 2016:454 [ref. 34668], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:606 [ref. 34923], Schnell & Johnson 2017:4 [ref. 35193], Burton & Lea 2019:43 [ref. 37205], Love et al. 2021:59 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:88 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Idiacanthus antrostomus Gilbert 1890. Stomiidae: Idiacanthinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: central Oregon (U.S.A.) south to Chile. Habitat: marine.

appositus, Eustomias Gibbs [R. H., Jr.], Clarke [T. A.] & Gomon [J. R.] 1983:39, Fig. 5e [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 380; ref. 5269] North Pacific, 26°20'N, 143°22'W, depth 0-200 meters. Holotype: IOM uncat. Paratypes: USNM 225164 (1). •Valid as Eustomias appositus Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983 -- (Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:344 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:344 [ref. 26001]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias appositus Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: North Pacific. Habitat: marine.

arborifer, Eustomias bibulbosus Parr [A. E.] 1927:70, 72 [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 3 (art. 2); ref. 3367] Tongue of the Ocean, Bahamas, 24°00'N, 77°17'W, 6000 feet wire out. Holotype: YPM 2041. Type catalog: Moore & Boardman 1991:17 [ref. 16741] as aborifer. •Synonym of Eustomias bibulbosus Parr 1927 -- (Parin & Pokhil'skaya 1974:353 [ref. 7527]). •Valid as Eustomias arborifer Parr 1927 -- (Gibbs et al. 1983:41 [ref. 5269], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:314 [ref. 14915], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:492 [ref. 23897], Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001], Menezes et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:46 [ref. 27192], Harold 2016:1813 [ref. 34568], Sutton et al. 2020:107 [ref. 37832], Page et al. 2023:87 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias arborifer Parr 1927. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

ater, Dactylostomias Brauer [A.] 1902:286 [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 25 (no. 668); ref. 631] Near the west coast of South Africa, southeastern Atlantic, Valdivia station 85, 26°49'S, 5°54'E, depth 1000 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMB 17449. •Valid as Bathophilus ater (Brauer 1902) -- (Pequeño 1989:31 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:102 [ref. 24556], Gomon et al. 1994:257 [ref. 22532], Paxton et al. 2006:444 [ref. 28995], Kenaley et al. 2008:247 [ref. 30630], Kenaley & Stewart 2015:500 [ref. 34248], Harold 2016:1813 [ref. 34568], Nión et al. 2016:36 [ref. 35565], Sutton et al. 2020:95 [ref. 37832]). Current status: Valid as Bathophilus ater (Brauer 1902). Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Southern circumglobal. Habitat: marine.

atlanticus, Astronesthes Parin [N. V.] & Borodulina [O. D.] 1996:593 [562], Fig. 7 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 36 (no. 5); ref. 23199] Northwestern Atlantic, 25°09'N, 58°07'W, depth 300-1200 meters. Holotype: USNM 333306. Paratypes: ISH 125-1966 (1); USNM 333287 (1); ZIN 51058 (1); ZMMU P-19991 (1), P-19993-20000 (1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 7, 4, 2); plus more paratypes at USNM. Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:41-42 [ref. 25714]. On p. 562 of English translation. The gender of Astronesthes is feminine, and atlanticus an adjective; therefore ending atlantica is correct. •Valid as Astronesthes atlanticus Parin & Borodulina 1996 -- (Harold 2003:895 [ref. 27001], Parin & Borodulina 2003:596 [ref. 27333], Harold 2016:1799 [ref. 34568], Brown et al. 2019:158 [ref. 36444], Carneiro et al. 2019:93 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:88 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:172 [ref. 39448] possible, Page et al. 2023:86 [ref. 40505]). •Valid as Astronesthes atlantica Parin & Borodulina 1996 -- (Eduardo et al. 2022:6 [ref. 39574], Villarins et al. 2022:31 [ref. 39442]). Current status: Valid as Astronesthes atlantica Parin & Borodulina 1996. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Atlantic: 35°N to 40°S. Habitat: marine.

atlanticus, Idiacanthus Brauer [A.] 1906:62, Fig. 21 [Die Tiefsee-Fische v. 15; ref. 632] West coast of South Africa, 25°25'03"S, 6°12'04"E, eastern Atlantic Ocean, depth 2000 meters. Holotype: 17723 (204 mm SL specimen). Other material: ZMB 17452 (1), two small specimens (whereabouts unknown). •Valid as Idiacanthus atlanticus Brauer 1906 -- (Hulley 1986:234 [ref. 5672], Paxton et al. 1989:208 [ref. 12442], Pequeño 1989:33 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:103 [ref. 24556], Krueger 1990:341 [ref. 14983], Gon 1990:129 [ref. 21680], Gomon et al. 1994:263 [ref. 22532], Harold 1999:1915 [ref. 24741], Menezes et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:47 [ref. 27192], Duhamel et al. 2005:140 [ref. 32059], Paxton et al. 2006:453 [ref. 28994], Kenaley et al. 2008:252 [ref. 30630], Stewart & Kenaley 2015:522 [ref. 34250], Harold 2016:1805 [ref. 34568], Nión et al. 2016:36 [ref. 35565], Fricke et al. 2018:68 [ref. 35805], Sutton et al. 2020:113 [ref. 37832], ZMB 17458). Current status: Valid as Idiacanthus atlanticus Brauer 1906. Stomiidae: Idiacanthinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in temperate seas of the Southern Hemisphere. Habitat: marine.

atlanticus, Pachystomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:70, Pl. 6 (fig. 1) [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] West of St. Lucia, Caribbean Sea, 13°47'N, 61°26'W, Dana station 1183, depth 1750 meters (3500 meters wire out). Holotype (unique): ZMUC P201922. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:22 [ref. 9588]. •Synonym of Pachystomias microdon (Günther 1878) -- (Gibbs & Barnett 1990:332 [ref. 14915], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:226 [ref. 25968]). Current status: Synonym of Pachystomias microdon (Günther 1878). Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

atlanticus, Stomias elongatus var. Pappenheim [P.] 1914:169 [Deutsche Südpolar-Expedition 1901-1903 v. 15 (Zoologie v. 7); ref. 3361] South Atlantic between Tristan da Cunha and Cape of Good Hope, 35°10'S, 2°33'E, depth 3000 meters. Syntypes: ZMB 19301 (1?), 19302 (1). •Synonym of Stomias boa (Risso 1810) -- (Morrow 1973:132 [ref. 7175], Gibbs 1990:297 [ref. 14899], Gon 1990:131 [ref. 21680]). Current status: Synonym of Stomias boa (Risso 1810). Stomiidae: Stomiinae. Habitat: marine.

atlantis, Chauliodus Barbour [T.] 1942:46, Pl. 20 [Proceedings of the New England Zoölogical Club v. 19; ref. 13192] Caribbean Sea, 21°46'N, 83°25'W, depth 1120 fathoms. Holotype: MCZ 35621. Paratypes: MCZ 35615 (1). •Synonym of Chauliodus sloani Bloch & Schneider 1801 -- (Morrow 1973:130 [ref. 7175], Parin & Novikova 1974:276 [ref. 7528] as atlanticus, Parin 1990:295 [ref. 14819]). Current status: Synonym of Chauliodus sloani Bloch & Schneider 1801. Stomiidae: Chauliodontinae. Habitat: marine.

atriventer, Stomias Garman [S.] 1899:277, Pl. 56 (fig. 4) [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 24; ref. 1540] 25°26'15"N, 109°48'W, Albatross station 3433, depth 1218 fathoms. Holotype (unique): MCZ 28484. •Valid as Stomias atriventer Garman 1899 -- (Gibbs 1969:3 [ref. 14912], Nalbant & Mayer 1971:318 [ref. 23676], Fink & Fink 1986:494 [ref. 5176], Nakamura in Nakamura et al. 1986:94 [ref. 14235], Pequeño 1989:31 [ref. 14125], Love et al. 2005:39 [ref. 37547], Fourriére et al. 2016:454 [ref. 34668], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:606 [ref. 34923], Robertson et al. 2017:45 [ref. 35676], Burton & Lea 2019:43 [ref. 37205], Love et al. 2021:60 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:89 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Stomias atriventer Garman 1899. Stomiidae: Stomiinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: central California (U.S.A.) south to northern Chile, including Galápagos Islands (Ecuador). Habitat: marine.

atrox, Thaumastomias Alcock [A. W.] 1890:220, Pl. 8 (fig. 7) [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 6) v. 6 (no. 33) (art. 26); ref. 82] Arabian Sea, 5°12'N, 49°01'E, depth 533-141 meters. Neotype: MCZ 151289. Figured in Alcock 1900: Pl. 30 (fig. 2) [ref. 20536] as Photostomias atrox. Neotype designated by Kenaley & Hartel 2005:258 [ref. 28328]. Original locality: Off Madras coast, India, 18°26'N, 85°24'E, Investigator sta. 97, depth 1310 fathoms. •Synonym of Photostomus guernei Collett 1889 -- (Morrow 1964:528 [ref. 6958], Scott & Scott 1988:181 [ref. 25518]). •See Fujii in Okamura et al. 1982:89, 332 [ref. 8256]. •Valid as Photostomias atrox (Alcock 1890) -- (Kenaley & Hartel 2005:258 [ref. 28328], Hartel et al. 2008:324 [ref. 29890], Kenaley 2009:185 [ref. 30057], Harold 2016:1808 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:103 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:125 [ref. 37832], Eduardo et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39574], Fermon et al. 2022:179 [ref. 39448] with question, Villarins et al. 2022:44 [ref. 39442], Page et al. 2023:89 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Photostomias atrox (Alcock 1890). Stomiidae: Malacosteinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and subtropical seas. Habitat: marine.

aurora, Idiacanthus Waite [E. R.] 1916:53, Pl. 5 (fig. 1); Fig. 11 [Scientific Report, Australasian Antarctic Expedition v. 3 (pt 1); ref. 4568] 25 miles north of Macquarie Island, south of Tasmania, depth 636-1450 fathoms. Holotype (unique): SAMA F380. Type catalog: Glover 1976:169 [ref. 19449]. •Synonym of Idiacanthus niger Regan 1914 -- (Regan 1916:378 [ref. 40111]). •Synonym of Idiacanthus atlanticus Brauer 1906 -- (Krueger 1990:341 [ref. 14983], Gon 1990:129 [ref. 21680]). Current status: Synonym of Idiacanthus atlanticus Brauer 1906. Stomiidae: Idiacanthinae. Habitat: marine.

australensis, Eustomias Gibbs [R. H., Jr.], Clarke [T. A.] & Gomon [J. R.] 1983:31, Fig. 5h [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 380; ref. 5269] Tasman Sea, off southeastern Australia, 36°37'S, 152°10'E, depth 0-500 meters. Holotype (unique): AMS I.20901-001. •Valid as Eustomias australensis Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983 -- (Paxton et al. 1989:199 [ref. 12442], Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741], Paxton et al. 2006:445 [ref. 28995], Kenaley et al. 2008:249 [ref. 30630]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias australensis Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Australia. Habitat: marine.

australis, Malacosteus Kenaley [C. P.] 2007:893, Figs. 4-5 [Copeia 2007 (no. 4); ref. 29441] Tasman Sea, off Brush Island, 35°36'S, 150°55'E, midwater trawl at depth of 650-2000 meters. Holotype: AMS I.20066-078. Paratypes: (40) at AMS, CSIRO, LACM, MCZ, and SIO; USNM 296670 (16). •Valid as Malacosteus australis Kenaley 2007 -- (Kenaley et al. 2008:250 [ref. 30630], Fricke et al. 2011:357 [ref. 31242], Kenaley & Stewart 2015:528 [ref. 34248], Schnell & Johnson 2017:5 [ref. 35193], Sutton et al. 2020:116 [ref. 37832]). Current status: Valid as Malacosteus australis Kenaley 2007. Stomiidae: Malacosteinae. Distribution: Subtropical and temperate waters of the Southern Hemisphere and equatorial waters of the Indian Ocean and Indo-Australian Archipelago, south to New Caledonia. Habitat: marine.

austratlanticus, Eustomias Gibbs [R. H., Jr.], Clarke [T. A.] & Gomon [J. R.] 1983:21, Figs. 1, 4c [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 380; ref. 5269] Southeastern Atlantic, 27°14'S, 2°56'E, depth 0-2000 meters. Holotype: ISH 1554-1971. Paratypes: USNM 223777 (1). Type catalog: Krefft 1987:78 [ref. 20751]. •Valid as Eustomias austratlanticus Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983. Current status: Valid as Eustomias austratlanticus Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

banshee, Photonectes (Photonectes) Koeda [K.] & Ho [H.-C.] 2019:181, Figs. 1-5 [Zootaxa 4586 (no. 1); ref. 36650] Off Dong-gang, Pintung, South China Sea, Taiwan, circa 22°39'N, 120°24'E, mid-water trawl. Holotype: NMMBP 27334. Paratypes: KAUM-I. 125098 (1), NMMBP 30103 (1). •Valid as Photonectes banshee Koeda & Ho 2019. Current status: Valid as Photonectes banshee Koeda & Ho 2019. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: South China Sea, southwestern Taiwan. Habitat: marine.

barbatum, Echiostoma Lowe [R. T.] 1843:88 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1843 (pt 11); ref. 2832] Off Madeira, eastern Atlantic. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1917.7.14.82. Probably should not be treated as an original description without ICZN action. Treated as valid and not the same as Stomias barbatus by current authors. Lowe cites Stomias barbatus and states, "This [his barbatum] is very probably the fish briefly noticed by Cuvier under the above synonym." •Valid as Echiostoma barbatum Lowe 1843 -- (Morrow 1973:137 [ref. 7175], Fujii in Okamura et al. 1982:83, 329 [ref. 8256], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:345 [ref. 13675], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:52 [ref. 6441], Gibbs 1986:238 [ref. 5655], Scott & Scott 1988:177 [ref. 25518], Paxton et al. 1989:198 [ref. 12442], Paulin et al. 1989:101 [ref. 24556], McAllister 1990:94 [ref. 14674], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:312 [ref. 14915], Boschung 1992:69 [ref. 23239], Gomon et al. 1994:258 [ref. 22532], Shinohara et al. 1996:162 [ref. 26605], Arruda 1997:37 [ref. 24952], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:490 [ref. 23897], Fricke 1999:90 [ref. 24106], Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:334 [ref. 25086] as Echostoma, Hutchins 2001:19 [ref. 25847], Shinohara et al. 2001:298 [ref. 25995] as Echostoma, Nakabo 2002:334 [ref. 26001] as Echostoma, Menezes et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:46 [ref. 27192], Moore et al. 2003:187 [ref. 27076], Mundy 2005:180 [ref. 28379], Paxton et al. 2006:445 [ref. 28995], Kenaley et al. 2008:248 [ref. 30630], Fricke et al. 2011:357 [ref. 31242], Kenaley & Stewart 2015:502 [ref. 34248], Harold 2016:1813 [ref. 34568], Nión et al. 2016:36 [ref. 35565], Brown et al. 2019:158 [ref. 36444], Carneiro et al. 2019:97 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:83 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:175 [ref. 39448] possible, Page et al. 2023:87 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Echiostoma barbatum Lowe 1843. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Circumglobal, but not in eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

barbatus, Astronesthes Kner [R.] 1860:543 [15], Pl. (fig. 5) [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 39 (no. 4); ref. 2633] Atlantic near the Brazilian coast. On p. 15 of separate. The gender of Astronesthes is feminine, and barbatus an adjective; therefore ending barbata is correct. •Synonym of Astronesthes niger Richardson 1845 -- (Gibbs 1964:329 [ref. 6960], Parin & Borodulina 2002:447 [ref. 26267]). •Valid as Astronesthes barbatus Kner 1860 -- (Parin & Borodulina 2003:595 [ref. 27333]). •Valid as Astronesthes barbata Kner 1860. Current status: Valid as Astronesthes barbata Kner 1860. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Southwestern Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

barbatus, Chauliodus Garman [S.] 1899:271, Pl. K (figs. 2-2a) [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 24; ref. 1540] Off Mariato Point, Albatross station 3369, depth 465 fathoms; off Malpelo Island, eastern Pacific, Albatross stations 3375 and 3376; depth 1201-1132 fathoms. Syntypes: MCZ 28489-90 (1, 1) station 3359. •Valid as Chauliodus barbatus Garman 1899 -- (Parin & Novikova 1974:264 [ref. 7528], Pequeño 1989:31 [ref. 14125], Harold 1999:1910 [ref. 24741], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:252 [ref. 28944], Page et al. 2023:87 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Chauliodus barbatus Garman 1899. Stomiidae: Chauliodontinae. Distribution: Southeastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

barbatus, Scopelus Lowe [R. T.] 1852:251 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1850 (pt 18) (art. 5); ref. 2835] Not available; unpublished manuscript name mentioned under Phaenodon ringens Lowe. Nomen Nudum. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae.

barbatus, Stomias Cuvier [G.] 1829:283-284 [Le Règne Animal (Edition 2) v. 2; ref. 995] Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. Holotype (unique): MNHN A-2520 (poor condition). Type catalog: Bertin 1940:309 [ref. 293]. Böhlke 1984:158 [ref. 13621] credits name to Bonaparte 1841, with ANSP 7955 as holotype. •Synonym of Stomias boa (Risso 1810) -- (Morrow 1973:132 [ref. 7175], Klausewitz 1989:254 [ref. 13650], Gibbs 1990:297 [ref. 14899]). Current status: Synonym of Stomias boa (Risso 1810). Stomiidae: Stomiinae. Habitat: marine.

barbatus, Stomiasunculus Kaup [J. J.] 1860:270, Pl. 3 (fig. C) [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 3) v. 6 (no. 34) (art. 36); ref. 2582] Messina, Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1860.9.31.12. •Synonym of Stomias boa (Risso 1810) -- (Gibbs 1990:297 [ref. 14899]). Current status: Synonym of Stomias boa (Risso 1810). Stomiidae: Stomiinae. Habitat: marine.

barbuva, Eustomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:79, Pl. 7 (fig. 3); Fig. 55b [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] North Atlantic, 33°18'N, 56°03'W, Dana station 1031, depth 50 meters (150 meters wire out). Holotype (unique): ZMUC P201894. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:14 [ref. 9588]. •Synonym of Eustomias acinosus Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Parin & Pokhil'skaya 1974:322 [ref. 7527]). •Synonym of Eustomias enbarbatus Welsh 1923 -- (Gibbs & Barnett 1990:316 [ref. 14915]). Current status: Synonym of Eustomias enbarbatus Welsh 1923. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

barnetti, Photonectes Klepadlo [C.] 2011:203, Fig. 3B, 6-8 [Copeia 2011 (no. 2); ref. 31414] Central North Pacific, 27°25.5'-28.5'N, 155°26.3'-27.3'W, depth 0-1500 meters wire out. Holotype: SIO 71-296. Paratypes (3): LACM 57213-1 (1), SIO 71-296 (1), USNM 395048 [ex SIO 71-305] (1). Plus additional non-type material. •Valid as Photonectes barnetti Klepadlo 2011 -- (Flynn & Klepadlo 2012:260 [ref. 32343], Koeda & Ho 2019:185 [ref. 36650], Prokofiev 2019:450 [ref. 36966], Rajakrishnan et al. 2023:4 [ref. 40681]). Current status: Valid as Photonectes barnetti Klepadlo 2011. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean: Andaman Islands (India); North Pacific Ocean: North Pacific Gyre, approx. 27°N, 155°W. Habitat: marine.

bartonbeani, Melanostomias Parr [A. E.] 1927:45, Fig. 25 [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 3 (art. 2); ref. 3367] 44°10'N, 52°35'W, off Newfoundland, depth 150 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 22364. •Synonym of Melanostomias spilorhynchus Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Morrow 1973:135 [ref. 7175]). •Valid as Melanostomias bartonbeani Parr 1927 -- (Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:358 [ref. 13675], Gibbs 1986:241 [ref. 5655], Scott & Scott 1988:178 [ref. 25518], McAllister 1990:94 [ref. 14674], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:327 [ref. 14915] as barbonbeani, Santos et al. 1997:36 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:38 [ref. 24952], Moore et al. 2003:190 [ref. 27076], Bañon et al. 2010:8 [ref. 31029], Møller et al. 2010:30 [ref. 31169], Bañón et al. 2016:309 [ref. 34397], Harold 2016:1814 [ref. 34568], Nión et al. 2016:36 [ref. 35565], Carneiro et al. 2019:101 [ref. 37250], Iglésias et al. 2020:291 [ref. 37987], Sutton et al. 2020:119 [ref. 37832], Bañón & Maño 2021:55 [ref. 38883], Eduardo et al. 2022:6 [ref. 39574] as bartonbeanis, Villarins et al. 2022:55 [ref. 39442], Page et al. 2023:89 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Melanostomias bartonbeani Parr 1927. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Circumglobal, from 70°N to 40°S. Habitat: marine.

bermudensis, Leptostomias Beebe [W.] 1932:59, Fig. 10 [Zoologica, Scientific Contributions of the New York Zoological Society v. 13 (no. 4); ref. 16099] 7.5 miles southeast of Nonsuch Island, Bermuda, depth 500 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 170937 [ex NYZS 20826]. Type catalog: Mead 1958:133 [ref. 20648]. •Questionably a synonym of Leptostomias longibarba Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:356 [ref. 13675]). •Valid as Leptostomias bermudensis Beebe 1932 -- (McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:520 [ref. 23897], Harold 2003:912 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:190 [ref. 27076], Page et al. 2023:89 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Leptostomias bermudensis Beebe 1932. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

bertelseni, Eustomias Gibbs [R. H., Jr.], Clarke [T. A.] & Gomon [J. R.] 1983:75, Fig. 20a [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 380; ref. 5269] Northern Indian Ocean, 1°22'N, 96°07'E, depth 0 to about 1500 meters. Holotype: ZMUC P202851. Paratypes: USNM 223786 (1). Additional material: ZMUC P202850 (1). •Valid as Eustomias bertelseni Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983. Current status: Valid as Eustomias bertelseni Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine.

bertrandi, Eustomias (Nominostomias) Villarins [B. T.], Fischer [L. G.], Prokofiev [A. M.] & Mincarone [M. M.] 2023:9, Figs. 5, 7E [Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society Advance access; ref. 40593] Off Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, ABRACOS station AB2#44A, Brazil, 03°52ʹ53"S, 32°17ʹ33"W - 03°52ʹ13"S, 32°16ʹ28"W, depth 780 meters. Holotype (unique): NPM 4610. •Valid as Eustomias bertrandi Villarins, Fischer, Prokofiev & Mincarone 2023. Current status: Valid as Eustomias bertrandi Villarins, Fischer, Prokofiev & Mincarone 2023. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: eastern Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, Brazil. Habitat: marine.

bibulboides, Eustomias Gibbs [R. H., Jr.], Clarke [T. A.] & Gomon [J. R.] 1983:28, Fig. 5g [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 380; ref. 5269] Central North Pacific [west of O'ahu Island, Hawaiian Islands], 21°20'N, 158°20'W, depth 0-300 meters. Holotype: USNM 223641. Paratypes: BPBM 26416-17 (2, 1); IOM uncat. (1); USNM 223642-51 (1 ea.). Additional material: IOM, USNM. •Valid as Eustomias bibulboides Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983 -- (Mundy 2005:181 [ref. 28379]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias bibulboides Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Pacific: Pacific Plate, including Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine.

bibulbosus, Eustomias Parr [A. E.] 1927:70 [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 3 (art. 2); ref. 3367] Tongue of the Ocean, Bahamas, 23°58'N, 77°26'W, 7000 feet wire out. Holotype: YPM 2039. Type catalog: Moore & Boardman 1991:17 [ref. 16741]. Described as a new species and subspecies, along with two other subspecies. •Valid as Eustomias bibulbosus Parr 1927 -- (Parin & Pokhil'skaya 1974:353 [ref. 7527], Gibbs et al. 1983:19 [ref. 5269], Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:188 [ref. 27076], Eduardo et al. 2022:6 [ref. 39574], Villarins et al. 2022:47 [ref. 39442], Page et al. 2023:87 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias bibulbosus Parr 1927. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic, from 40°N to 4°S. Habitat: marine.

bifilifer, Photonectes Beebe [W.] 1933:167, Fig. 5 [Copeia 1933 (no. 4); ref. 246] 9 miles south of Nonsuch Island, Bermuda, depth 800 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 170929 [ex NYZS 15146]. Type catalog: Mead 1958:134 [ref. 20648]. •Synonym of Photonectes parvimanus Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:364 [ref. 13675], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:336 [ref. 14915], Prokofiev 2019:450 [ref. 36966]). Current status: Synonym of Photonectes parvimanus Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

bifilis, Diplolychnus Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1929:28, Pl. 5 (fig. 3) [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 5); ref. 3680] North Atlantic. Syntypes: BMNH 1912.12.30.145-146 (2) Ireland; ZMUC P201944 (1) Dana station 1387, Bay of Biscay. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:28 [ref. 9588]. •Synonym of Borostomias antarcticus (Lönnberg 1905) -- (Gibbs 1964:336 [ref. 6960], Gibbs & Morrow 1973:127 [ref. 7174], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:331 [ref. 13675], Gon 1990:128 [ref. 21680]). Current status: Synonym of Borostomias antarcticus (Lönnberg 1905). Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Habitat: marine.

bifilis, Eustomias Gibbs [R. H., Jr.] 1960:202, Fig. 1 (right) [Copeia 1960 (no. 3); ref. 11914] Eastern Pacific, west of Baja California, Mexico, 24°35.5'N, 121°17'W to 24°42'N, 121°17'W, depth 0-103 fathoms. Holotype (unique): SIO 54-96. •Valid as Eustomias bifilis Gibbs 1960 -- (Parin & Pokhil'skaya 1974:324 [ref. 7527], Fujii in Okamura et al. 1982:83, 329 [ref. 8256], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:53 [ref. 6441], Paxton et al. 1989:199 [ref. 12442], Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:342 [ref. 25086], Hutchins 2001:19 [ref. 25847], Nakabo 2002:342 [ref. 26001], Mundy 2005:181 [ref. 28379], Paxton et al. 2006:446 [ref. 28995], Fricke et al. 2011:357 [ref. 31242], Fricke et al. 2014:25 [ref. 33932], Schnell & Johnson 2017:4 [ref. 35193]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias bifilis Gibbs 1960. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Indo-Pacific: Arabian Sea east to Hawaiian Islands and Baja California (Mexico). Habitat: marine.

bigelowi, Eustomias Welsh [W. W.] 1923:6, Figs. 5-6 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 62 (no. 2449); ref. 15432] 170 miles southeast from Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, U.S.A., western North Atlantic, 34°03'N, 73°30'W, depth 500-0 meters. Holotype: USNM 84284. Paratypes: USNM 103767 (1). •Valid as Eustomias bigelowi Welsh 1923 -- (Parin & Pokhil'skaya 1974:338 [ref. 7527], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:315 [ref. 14915], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:494 [ref. 23897], Clarke 2000:99 [ref. 24255], Clarke 2001:686, 687 [ref. 25448], Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001], Mundy 2005:181 [ref. 28379], Hartel et al. 2008:322 [ref. 29890], Kenaley & Stewart 2015:503 [ref. 34248], Harold 2016:1813 [ref. 34568], Sutton et al. 2020:104 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:175 [ref. 39448] with question, Page et al. 2023:87 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias bigelowi Welsh 1923. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and subtropical seas. Habitat: marine.

bilobatus, Astronesthes Parin [N. V.] & Borodulina [O. D.] 1996:591 [560], Fig. 6 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 36 (no. 5); ref. 23199] Off northeastern Australia [off Cape Tribulation, Queensland, Australia, Coral Sea, southwestern Pacific], 15°57'S, 146°52'E, depth 850 meters. Holotype: USNM 292317. Paratypes: AMS I.27172-002 (2); CSIRO H 529-03 (1); SAM 27621 (1); USNM 274412 (2), 274430 (1), 301216 (1), 322327 (2), 322349 (7), 333295 (11), 322297 (7); ZIN 51057 (1); ZMMU P-19977 (2); plus more paratypes at AMS, SAM, USNM and ZMMU. Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:42 [ref. 25714]. On p. 560 of English translation. The gender of Astronesthes is feminine, and bilobatus an adjective; therefore ending bilobata is correct. •Valid as Astronesthes bilobatus Parin & Borodulina 1996 -- (Parin & Borodulina 2003:596 [ref. 27333], Mundy 2005:173 [ref. 28379], Paxton et al. 2006:435 [ref. 28995], Kenaley et al. 2008:241 [ref. 30630], Fricke et al. 2018:67 [ref. 35805], Fricke et al. 2019:62 [ref. 36673]). •Valid as Astronesthes bilobata Parin & Borodulina 1996 -- (Nakabo 2000:326 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:326 [ref. 26001]). Current status: Valid as Astronesthes bilobata Parin & Borodulina 1996. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East and South Africa east to Hawaiian and Line islands, north to Ogasawara Islands, south to Tasmania (Australia); waifs reaching southeastern Atlantic off South Africa. Habitat: marine.

bilobatus, Melanostomias Koefoed [E.] 1956:10, Pl. 2 (figs. C-E) [Scientific Results of the Michael Sars North Atlantic Deep-Sea Expedition 1910 v. 4 (pt 2, no. 5); ref. 2653] Gulf of Mexico, 26°52'N, 89°44'W. Neotype: FMNH 65610. Neotype designated by Morrow in Morrow & Gibbs 1964:441 [ref. 6962]. Original locality North Atlantic, 29°08'N, 25°16'W, 3000 meters wire out. •Valid as Leptostomias bilobatus (Koefoed 1956) -- (Gibbs & Barnett 1990:325 [ref. 14915], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:521 [ref. 23897], Harold 2003:912 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:189 [ref. 27076], Harold 2016:1814 [ref. 34568], Sutton et al. 2020:115 [ref. 37832], Page et al. 2023:89 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Leptostomias bilobatus (Koefoed 1956). Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Circumglobal. Habitat: marine.

bimargaritatus, Eustomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:84, Fig. 63 [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] North Atlantic. Syntypes: BMNH 1929.7.6.103 (1), 1929.7.6.104 (1); ZMUC P201946-47 (2), P201948 (1), P201949 (1), P201950 (1). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:14 [ref. 9588]. •Synonym of Eustomias bibulbosus Parr 1927 -- (Parin & Pokhil'skaya 1974:353 [ref. 7527]). •Valid as Eustomias bimargaritatus Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Gibbs & Barnett 1990:315 [ref. 14915], Harold 2016:1813 [ref. 34568], Sutton et al. 2020:107 [ref. 37832]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias bimargaritatus Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

bimargaritoides, Eustomias Gibbs [R. H., Jr.], Clarke [T. A.] & Gomon [J. R.] 1983:58, Figs. 12(c, e), 13a [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 380; ref. 5269] North Pacific [northeast to Hawaiian Islands], 27°28'N, 155°26'W. Holotype: SIO 71-296. Paratypes: BPBM 26413 (1); USNM 224094 (1), 224096-100 (1, 1, 1, 1, 1). Additional material: USNM 224095 (1). •Valid as Eustomias bimargaritoides Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983 -- (Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741], Mundy 2005:181 [ref. 28379]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias bimargaritoides Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Hawaiian Islands, Marquesas Islands. Habitat: marine.

binghami, Eustomias Parr [A. E.] 1927:80, Figs. 47-48 [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 3 (art. 2); ref. 3367] Off Acklins Island, Bahamas, 22°31'N, 74°26'W, 10000 feet wire out. Holotype (unique): YPM 2043. Type catalog: Moore & Boardman 1991:17 [ref. 16741]. •Valid as Eustomias binghami Parr 1927 -- (Morrow 1973:138 [ref. 7175], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:495 [ref. 23897], Clarke 2000:108 [ref. 24255], Clarke 2001:686 [ref. 25448], Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001], Page et al. 2023:87 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias binghami Parr 1927. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

biseriatus, Melanostomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:113, Fig. 109a [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] North Atlantic. Syntypes: BMNH 1029.7.6.146 (1); ZMUC P202010-12 (3). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:21 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Melanostomias biseriatus Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Morrow 1973:134 [ref. 7175], Fujii in Uyeno et al. 1983:150 [ref. 14275], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:358 [ref. 13675], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:327 [ref. 14915], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:525 [ref. 23897], Harold 2003:912 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:190 [ref. 27076], Love et al. 2005:38 [ref. 37547], Harold 2016:1814 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:101 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:120 [ref. 37832], Eduardo et al. 2022:6 [ref. 39574], Fermon et al. 2022:177 [ref. 39448] possible, Villarins et al. 2022:57 [ref. 39442], Page et al. 2023:89 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Melanostomias biseriatus Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: North Pacific; Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

bituberatus, Eustomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:83, Pl. 8 (fig. 1); Fig. 61b-d [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] Caribbean Sea, 14°38'N, 61°16'W, depth 0-150 meters (300 meters wire out). Lectotype: ZMUC P201953. Paralectotypes: (4 + 1 juvenile) BMNH 1929.7.6.99-100 (1, 1); ZMUC P201951-52 (1, 1). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:15 [ref. 9588]. •Synonym of Eustomias bibulbosus Parr 1927 -- (Parin & Pokhil'skaya 1974:353 [ref. 7527]). •Valid as Eustomias bituberatus Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Gibbs et al. 1983:33 [ref. 5269], Page et al. 2023:87 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias bituberatus Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

bituberatus, Haplostomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:110, Fig. 106b [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] North Atlantic, 23°00'N, 49°57'W, Dana station 1064, depth about 35 meters (110 meters of wire out). Holotype (unique): ZMUC P201914. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:19 [ref. 9588]. •Synonym of Melanostomias tentaculatus (Regan & Trewavas 1930) -- (Morrow 1973:135 [ref. 7175], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:330 [ref. 14915]). Current status: Synonym of Melanostomias tentaculatus (Regan & Trewavas 1930). Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

bituberoides, Eustomias Gibbs [R. H., Jr.], Clarke [T. A.] & Gomon [J. R.] 1983:36, Fig. 4e [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 380; ref. 5269] Central North Pacific [west of Oahu Island, Hawaiian Islands], 21°30'N, 158°20'W, depth 0-1000 meters. Holotype: USNM 223734. Paratypes: BPBM 26419 (1); SIO 80-173 (1); USNM 223728 (1), 223730-33 (1, 1, 1, 1). Additional material: MCZ, USNM. •Valid as Eustomias bituberoides Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983 -- (Mundy 2005:182 [ref. 28379]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias bituberoides Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Hawaiian Islands, eastern South Pacific. Habitat: marine.

blanci, Astronesthes Blache [J.] & Rossignol [M.] 1961:282, Fig. [Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Série 2) v. 33 (no. 3); ref. 5805] Gulf of Guinea, 3°36'S, 9°12'E, about 600-750 meters (1350 meters wire out). Holotype (unique): MNHN 1961-0305. •Synonym of Astronesthes caulophorus Regan & Trewavas 1929 -- (Gibbs 1986:231 [ref. 5655], Gibbs 1990:300 [ref. 14899], Parin & Borodulina 2000:S23 [ref. 26044]). Current status: Synonym of Astronesthes caulophorus Regan & Trewavas 1929. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Habitat: marine.

boa, Esox Risso [A.] 1810:330, Pl. 10 (fig. 34) [Ichthyologie de Nice; ref. 3755] Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. Holotype (?): MNHN A-2519. Possible type: SMF 753 (1). Type catalog: Bertin 1940:309 [ref. 293]. •Valid as Stomias boa (Risso 1810) [sometimes as the subspecies boa] -- (Gibbs 1969:4 [ref. 14912], Morrow 1973:132 [ref. 7175], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:339 [ref. 13675], Fink & Fink 1986:494 [ref. 5176], Gibbs 1986:232 [ref. 5655], Nakamura in Nakamura et al. 1986:92 [ref. 14235], Scott & Scott 1988:183 [ref. 25518], Paxton et al. 1989:207 [ref. 12442], Pequeño 1989:31 [ref. 14125], Klausewitz 1989:254 [ref. 13650], Paulin et al. 1989:99 [ref. 24556], McAllister 1990:92 [ref. 14674], Gibbs 1990:297 [ref. 14899], Gon 1990:131 [ref. 21680], Gomon et al. 1994:252 [ref. 22532], Galil & Goren 1994:48 [ref. 23163], Nielsen & Schwägermann in Okamura et al. 1995:91 [ref. 22531], Arruda 1997:36 [ref. 24952], Fricke 1999:90 [ref. 24106], Porteiro et al. 1999:32 [ref. 24203], Harold 1999:1908 [ref. 24741], Hutchins 2001:19 [ref. 25847], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:42 [ref. 26753], Menezes et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:48 [ref. 27192], Nelson et al. 2004:87 [ref. 27807], Duhamel et al. 2005:130 [ref. 32059], Golani 2005:21 [ref. 37112], Paxton et al. 2006:442 [ref. 28995], Fricke et al. 2007:58 [ref. 29533], Kenaley et al. 2008:245 [ref. 30630] with subspecies, Lipej & Dulčić 2010:23 [ref. 36649], Møller et al. 2010:30 [ref. 31169], Page et al. 2013:88 [ref. 32708], Goren & Galil 2015:520 [ref. 33910], Kenaley & Stewart 2015:489 [ref. 34248], Afonso et al. 2016:27, 285 [ref. 36199], Bañón et al. 2016:309 [ref. 34397], Harold 2016:1818 [ref. 34568], Nión et al. 2016:36 [ref. 35565] as boa boa. Mecklenburg et al. 2018:92 [ref. 36370], Artüz & Fricke 2019:553 [ref. 36612], Carneiro et al. 2019:104 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:93 [ref. 36864] as boa boa, Bariche & Fricke 2020:111 [ref. 37515], Kovačić et al. 2020:14 [ref. 37519], Sutton et al. 2020:127 [ref. 37832] as boa boa, Bañón & Maño 2021:54 [ref. 38883], Dalyan et al. 2021:7 [ref. 38892], Golani 2021:23 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:25 [ref. 39014], Simian et al. 2022:374 [ref. 40776], Page et al. 2023:90 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Stomias boa (Risso 1810). Stomiidae: Stomiinae. Distribution: Southern circumglobal in all oceans; western Atlantic; North Atlantic: Greenland; Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; eastern Atlantic: Portugal south to South Africa. Habitat: marine.

bonapartei, Stomias Fowler [H. W.] 1912:556, Fig. 1 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 63 (for 1911); ref. 14954] Italy, western Mediterranean Sea. Holotype: ANSP 7955 (in pieces, poor condition). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:158 [ref. 13621]. •Synonym of Stomias boa (Risso 1810) -- (Morrow 1973:132 [ref. 7175], Gibbs 1990:297 [ref. 14899], Gon 1990:131 [ref. 21680]). Current status: Synonym of Stomias boa (Risso 1810). Stomiidae: Stomiinae. Habitat: marine.

borealis, Eustomias Clarke [T. A.] 2000:103, Fig. 2B [Copeia 2000 (no. 1); ref. 24255] North Atlantic, 32°13'N, 64°16'W, depth 0-950 meters. Holotype: USNM 261281. Paratypes: AMNH 44217 (1); ARC 8704341 (1); FMNH 49859 (1); MCZ 96093 (1), 96112 (1); USNM 322914 (1), 322917 (1); plus non-type material. •Valid as Eustomias borealis Clarke 2000 -- (Clarke 2001:687 [ref. 25448], Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:188 [ref. 27076], Page et al. 2023:87 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias borealis Clarke 2000. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: North Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

botrypogon, Eustomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:80, Figs. 56, 57a [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] North of Cape Verde Islands, northern Atlantic, 19°22'N, 24°06'W, Dana station 1158, depth 170 meters (500 meters wire out). Holotype (unique): ZMUC P201895. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:15 [ref. 9588]. •Synonym of Eustomias acinosus Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Parin & Pokhil'skaya 1974:322 [ref. 7527]). •Synonym of Eustomias enbarbatus Welsh 1923 -- (Gibbs & Barnett 1990:316 [ref. 14915]). Current status: Synonym of Eustomias enbarbatus Welsh 1923. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

boulengeri, Astronesthes Gilchrist [J. D. F.] 1902:103, Pl. 6 [Marine Investigations in South Africa v. 2; ref. 1644] Off Cape Point light house, bearing south 83° distant 35.5 miles, South Africa, depth 360 fathoms. Holotype (unique): SAM 12701. Second specimen [SAM 12702] included with some question and not regarded as a type. •Valid as Astronesthes boulengeri Gilchrist 1902 -- (Gibbs 1964:316 [ref. 6960], Gibbs 1986:231 [ref. 5655], Paxton et al. 1989:194 [ref. 12442], Pequeño 1989:31 [ref. 14125], Harold 1999:1906 [ref. 24741], Parin et al. 1999:585 [ref. 24878], Parin & Borodulina 2001:419 [ref. 25411], Parin & Borodulina 2003:595 [ref. 27333], Paxton et al. 2006:435 [ref. 28995], Kenaley et al. 2008:242 [ref. 30630], Stewart & Kenaley 2015:475 [ref. 34250], Sutton et al. 2020:90 [ref. 37832]). Current status: Valid as Astronesthes boulengeri Gilchrist 1902. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Circumglobal, mostly Southern Hemisphere, not in eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

boureei, Eustomias Zugmayer [E.] 1913:3 [Bulletin de l'Institut Océanographique (Monaco) No. 253; ref. 5032] Southwest of the Azores [northeastern Atlantic], 38°55'N, 34°07'30"W, station 3279, depth 0-3000 meters. Holotype (unique): MOM 0091-1524. Type catalog: Belloc 1949:6 [ref. 21544]. •Valid as Flagellostomias boureei (Zugmayer 1913) -- (Morrow 1973:139 [ref. 7175], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:352 [ref. 13675], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:50 [ref. 6441], Gibbs 1986:240 [ref. 5655], Paxton et al. 1989:200 [ref. 12442], Paulin et al. 1989:101 [ref. 24556], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:323 [ref. 14915], Santos et al. 1997:36 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:37 [ref. 24952], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:517 [ref. 23897], Parin & Shcherbachev 1998:420 [ref. 24907] as bourrei, Fricke 1999:90 [ref. 24106], Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:330 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:330 [ref. 26001], Harold 2003:912 [ref. 27001], Menezes et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:47 [ref. 27192], Moore et al. 2003:188 [ref. 27076], Savinykh et al. 2004:656 [ref. 27937], Love et al. 2005:38 [ref. 37547], Mundy 2005:187 [ref. 28379], Paxton et al. 2006:448 [ref. 28995], Fricke et al. 2011:357 [ref. 31242], Parin et al. 2014:148 [ref. 33547], Kenaley & Stewart 2015:510 [ref. 34248], Bañón et al. 2016:310 [ref. 34397], Harold 2016:1814 [ref. 34568], Nión et al. 2016:36 [ref. 35565] with author as Zugmayer 1913, Schnell & Johnson 2017:4 [ref. 35193], Carneiro et al. 2019:100 [ref. 37250], Reiner 2019:96 [ref. 38139], Sutton et al. 2020:81 [ref. 37832], Bañón & Maño 2021:55 [ref. 38883], Love et al. 2021:59 [ref. 39279], Fermon et al. 2022:177 [ref. 39448], Page et al. 2023:88 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Flagellostomias boureei (Zugmayer 1913). Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical through temperate seas. Atlantic [ref. 34568]. Habitat: marine.

brattstroemii, Aristostomias Koefoed [E.] 1956:16, Pl. 3 (fig. E) [Scientific Results of the Michael Sars North Atlantic Deep-Sea Expedition 1910 v. 4 (pt 2, no. 5); ref. 2653] North Atlantic, 31°20'N, 35°07'W, station 51, 4000 meters wire out. Holotype (unique): ZMUB 5291. Type catalog: Frøiland 1979:145 [ref. 21547]. •Synonym of Pachystomias microdon (Günther 1878) -- (Gibbs & Barnett 1990:332 [ref. 14915]). Current status: Synonym of Pachystomias microdon (Günther 1878). Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

braueri, Borostomias Regan [C. T.] 1908:217, Pl. 23 (fig. 1) [The Transactions of the Linnean Society of London. Second Series. Zoology v. 12 (pt 3); ref. 3634] Near Desroches Atoll, Indian Ocean, depth 0-750 fathoms. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1908.3.23.1. •Synonym of Borostomias elucens (Brauer 1906) -- (Gibbs 1964:338 [ref. 6960], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:332 [ref. 13675], Gibbs 1990:305 [ref. 14899]). Current status: Synonym of Borostomias elucens (Brauer 1906). Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Habitat: marine.

braueri, Eustomias Zugmayer [E.] 1911:5 [Bulletin de l'Institut Océanographique (Monaco) No. 193; ref. 6161] Off Portugal, 36°14'N, 8°00'W, station 3045, depth 0-1400 meters. Holotype (unique): MOM 0091-1212. Type catalog: Belloc 1949:6 [ref. 21544]. Species illustrated and described in more detail in Zugmayer 1911:72, Pl. 3 (fig. 3) [ref. 4846]. •Valid as Eustomias braueri Zugmayer 1911 -- (Morrow 1973:138 [ref. 7175], Parin & Pokhil'skaya 1974:318 [ref. 7527], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:347 [ref. 13675], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:496 [ref. 23897], Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001], Menezes et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:46 [ref. 27192], Harold 2016:1813 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:97 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:111 [ref. 37832], Eduardo et al. 2022:6 [ref. 39574], Villarins et al. 2022:49 [ref. 39442], Page et al. 2023:87 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias braueri Zugmayer 1911. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Circumglobal. Habitat: marine.

braueri, Melanostomias Zugmayer [E.] 1913:3 [Bulletin de l'Institut Océanographique (Monaco) No. 253; ref. 5032] West of the Azores, northeastern Atlantic, 39°19'N, 35°24'30"W, station 3284, depth 0-1000 meters. Holotype (unique): MOM 0091-1555. Type catalog: Belloc 1949:7 [ref. 21544]. •Valid as Photonectes braueri (Zugmayer 1913) -- (Morrow 1973:140 [ref. 7175], Fujii in Uyeno et al. 1983:153 [ref. 14275], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:363 [ref. 13675], Gibbs 1986:243 [ref. 5655], Paxton et al. 1989:202 [ref. 12442], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:333 [ref. 14915], Santos et al. 1997:37 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:38 [ref. 24952], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:534 [ref. 23897], Fricke 1999:90 [ref. 24106], Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741], Harold 2003:912 [ref. 27001], Menezes et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:48 [ref. 27192], Moore et al. 2003:190 [ref. 27076], Paxton et al. 2006:450 [ref. 28995], Klepadlo 2011:202 [ref. 31414] in subgenus Melanonectes, Prokofiev 2014:381 [ref. 33470], Kenaley & Stewart 2015:519 [ref. 34248], Harold 2016:1815 [ref. 34568], Nión et al. 2016:36 [ref. 35565], Carneiro et al. 2019:102 [ref. 37250], Prokofiev 2019:450 [ref. 36966], Sutton et al. 2020:123 [ref. 37832], Page et al. 2023:89 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Photonectes braueri (Zugmayer 1913). Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Circumglobal, but not in eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

braueri, Stylophthalmus Weber [M.] 1913:16, Figs. 2-3 [Die Fische der Siboga-Expedition; ref. 4602] North of Salomakie, Dammar Island, Siboga station 144; Banda Sea, 6°47.5'N, 128°40.5'E, Siboga station 276, depth 750 meters. Syntypes: ZMA 110847-48 (1, 1). Type catalog: Nijssen et al. 1982:12 [ref. 19236]. •Possible synonym of Idiacanthus fasciola Peters 1877 -- (Gibbs 1964:521 [ref. 6961]). Current status: Uncertain as Idiacanthus fasciola Peters 1877. Stomiidae: Idiacanthinae. Habitat: marine.

brevibarbatus, Eustomias Parr [A. E.] 1927:68, Figs. 36A, 40 [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 3 (art. 2); ref. 3367] Tongue of the Ocean, Bahamas, 23°55'N, 77°09'W, 4000-7000 feet wire out. Holotype: YPM 2034. Paratypes: YPM 2033 (1). Type catalog: Moore & Boardman 1991:17 [ref. 16741]. •Valid as Eustomias brevibarbatus Parr 1927 -- (Gomon & Gibbs 1985:5 [ref. 5268], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:497 [ref. 23897], Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001], Menezes et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:47 [ref. 27192], Costa & Mincarone 2010:353 [ref. 37483], Sutton et al. 2020:102 [ref. 37832], Eduardo et al. 2022:6 [ref. 39574], Villarins et al. 2022:49 [ref. 39442], Page et al. 2023:87 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias brevibarbatus Parr 1927. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic, from 35°N to 25°S, including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. Habitat: marine.

brevibarbatus, Stomias Ege [V.] 1918:22, Fig. 11 [Report on the Danish Oceanographical Expeditions 1908-1910 to the Mediterranean and Adjacent Seas v. (no. A 4); ref. 15098] 22° to 32°N, 47° to 60°W. Syntypes: ZMUC P202164 (1) and P203235 (1) 31°59'N, 59°52'W; P203236 (1) 29°24'N, 48°08'W; P203237 (1) 21°47'N, 47°11'W; P203238 (1) 25°35'N, 53°13'W. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:12 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Stomias brevibarbatus Ege 1918 -- (Morrow 1973:133 [ref. 7175], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:340 [ref. 13675], Coad 1986:394 [ref. 21048], Fink & Fink 1986:494 [ref. 5176], McAllister 1990:93 [ref. 14674], Gibbs 1990:297 [ref. 14899], Santos et al. 1997:38 [ref. 23531], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:543 [ref. 23897], Porteiro et al. 1999:10 [ref. 24203], Harold 2003:906 [ref. 27001], Menezes et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:48 [ref. 27192], Moore et al. 2003:186 [ref. 27076], Harold 2016:1818 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:104 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:127 [ref. 37832], Page et al. 2023:90 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Stomias brevibarbatus Ege 1918. Stomiidae: Stomiinae. Distribution: Eastern Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

brevifilis, Eustomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:78, Fig. 54a [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] North Atlantic. Syntypes: BMNH 1929.7.6.75 (1) Dana station 1162 (13°35'N, 30°11'W); ZMUC P201954 (1) Dana station 1165 (12°11'N, 35°49'W). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:15 [ref. 9588]. •Synonym of Eustomias enbarbatus Welsh 1923 -- (Parin & Pokhil'skaya 1974:323 [ref. 7527], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:316 [ref. 14915]). Current status: Synonym of Eustomias enbarbatus Welsh 1923. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

brevis, Bathophilus Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:66, Pl. 3 (fig. 1) [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] North Atlantic. Syntypes: (6) BMNH 1929.7.6.19 (1), 1929.7.6.20 (1); ZMUC P201935 (1) Dana station 1368 (34°40'N, 33°16'W), ZMUC P201936 (1) Dana station 1162 (13°35'N, 30°11'W), ZMUC P261935-36. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:13 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Bathophilus brevis Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:52 [ref. 6441], Pequeño 1989:31 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:102 [ref. 24556], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:308 [ref. 14915], Harold 1999:1912 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:333 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:333 [ref. 26001], Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:187 [ref. 27076], Love et al. 2005:38 [ref. 37547], Mundy 2005:179 [ref. 28379], Kenaley & Stewart 2015:501 [ref. 34248], Harold 2016:1813 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:95 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:93 [ref. 37832], Love et al. 2021:58 [ref. 39279], Fermon et al. 2022:174 [ref. 39448], Page et al. 2023:86 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Bathophilus brevis Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in warm seas. Habitat: marine.

bulbiramis, Eustomias Clarke [T. A.] 2001:692, Fig. 3D [Copeia 2001 (no. 3); ref. 25448] Central North Pacific, near Hawaii. Holotype: USNM 321965. Paratypes: SIO 2000-1 (1), USNM 322419 (2); plus nontype material. •Valid as Eustomias bulbiramis Clarke 2001 -- (Mundy 2005:182 [ref. 28379], Prokofiev 2019:265 [ref. 36740]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias bulbiramis Clarke 2001. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine.

bulbornatus, Eustomias Gibbs [R. H., Jr.] 1960:200, Fig. 1 (left) [Copeia 1960 (no. 3); ref. 11914] Gwaja Shima, Japan, 30°22'00"N, 129°08'30"E, Albatross station 4918, depth 361 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 150566. •Valid as Eustomias bulbornatus Gibbs 1960 -- (Parin & Pokhil'skaya 1974:345 [ref. 7527], Gibbs et al. 1983:97 [ref. 5269], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:53 [ref. 6441], Gibbs 1986:238 [ref. 5655], Paxton et al. 1989:199 [ref. 12442], Fricke 1999:90 [ref. 24106], Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:343 [ref. 25086], Hutchins 2001:19 [ref. 25847], Nakabo 2002:342 [ref. 26001], Fricke et al. 2018:67 [ref. 35805], Sutton et al. 2020:110 [ref. 37832]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias bulbornatus Gibbs 1960. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Southeastern Atlantic: off Namibia and South Africa; Indo-West Pacific: South Africa, East Africa, Aldabra, Comoros, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Marquesas Islands and Society Islands, north to southern Japan, south to North-West Cape (Western Australia). Habitat: marine.

bulbosus, Melanostomias Beebe [W.] 1933:166, Fig. 4 [Copeia 1933 (no. 4); ref. 246] 9 miles southeast of Nonsuch Island, Bermuda, depth 700 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 170928 [ex NYZS 10235]. Type catalog: Mead 1958:133 [ref. 20648]. •Synonym of Melanostomias spilorhynchus Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Morrow 1973:135 [ref. 7175]). •Synonym of Melanostomias bartonbeani Parr 1927 -- (Gibbs & Barnett 1990:327 [ref. 14915]). Current status: Synonym of Melanostomias bartonbeani Parr 1927. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

caerulescens, Photonectes Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:122, Pl. 12 (fig. 2); Fig. 116b [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] South of St. Croix Island, Caribbean Sea, western Atlantic, 17°13'N, 64°58'W, Dana station 1269, depth 1000 meters depth (2000 meters wire out). Holotype (unique): ZMUC P201919. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:23 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Photonectes caerulescens Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Paxton et al. 1989:202 [ref. 12442], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:333 [ref. 14915], Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741], Harold 2003:912 [ref. 27001], Mundy 2005:189 [ref. 28379], Paxton et al. 2006:451 [ref. 28995], Klepadlo 2011:202 [ref. 31414] in subgenus Photonectes, Flynn & Klepadlo 2012:260 [ref. 32343], Harold 2016:1815 [ref. 34568], Prokofiev 2016:489 [ref. 34688] may be conspecific with Photonectes achirus, Koeda & Ho 2019:185 [ref. 36650], Prokofiev & Klepadlo 2019:280 [ref. 36682], Prokofiev 2019:450 [ref. 36966], Sutton et al. 2020:124 [ref. 37832]). Current status: Valid as Photonectes caerulescens Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Circumglobal; scattered localities. Habitat: marine.

calliobarba, Echiostoma Parr [A. E.] 1934:15, Fig. 4C [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 4 (art. 6); ref. 3375] 37°47'N, 31°41'W, Atlantic station 1030, depth 610-930 meters. Holotype: YPM 3201. Type catalog: Moore & Boardman 1991:17 [ref. 16741]. •Synonym of Echiostoma barbatum Lowe 1843 -- (Morrow 1973:137 [ref. 7175], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:313 [ref. 14915]). Current status: Synonym of Echiostoma barbatum Lowe 1843. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

calosoma, Macrostomias Beebe [W.] 1933:165, Fig. 42 [Zoologica v. 13 (no. 8); ref. 5873] 12 miles south-southeast of Nonsuch Island, Bermuda, depth 600 fathoms. Holotype (unique): AMNH 15456 [ex NYZS 18781]. Type catalog: Mead 1958:133 [ref. 20648]. •Synonym of Macrostomias longibarbatus Brauer 1902 -- (Morrow 1973:133 [ref. 7175]). •Synonym of Stomias longibarbatus (Brauer 1902) -- (Gibbs 1990:299 [ref. 14899]). Current status: Synonym of Stomias longibarbatus (Brauer 1902). Stomiidae: Stomiinae. Habitat: marine.

cancriensis, Eustomias Gibbs [R. H., Jr.], Clarke [T. A.] & Gomon [J. R.] 1983:93, Figs. 27c-d [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 380; ref. 5269] Western North Pacific [southeast of Okinawa, Ryukyu Islands], 25°13'N, 128°32'E, depth 0-100 meters. Holotype: IOM uncat. Paratypes: SIO 68-483 (1). Additional material: IOM uncat. (1). •Valid as Eustomias cancriensis Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983 -- (Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:343 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:343 [ref. 26001], Shinohara et al. 2005:406 [ref. 28370], Mundy 2005:182 [ref. 28379]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias cancriensis Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western and central North Pacific: Ryukyu Islands and Japan to Midway Atoll (Hawaiian Ridge). Habitat: marine.

capensis, Astronesthes Gilchrist [J. D. F.] & von Bonde [C.] 1924:5 [Report Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey, Union of South Africa v. 3 (no. 7) (1922); ref. 1649] Off Table Bay, South Africa, southeastern Atlantic, Pickle station 253, depth 790 fathoms. Holotype (unique): SAM 22480 [ex SAM 2435]. •Valid as Neonesthes capensis (Gilchrist & von Bonde 1924) -- (Gibbs 1964:346 [ref. 6960], Gibbs & Morrow 1973:128 [ref. 7174], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:333 [ref. 13675], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:50 [ref. 6441], Gibbs 1986:233 [ref. 5655], Paxton et al. 1989:196 [ref. 12442], Paulin et al. 1989:100 [ref. 24556], Gibbs 1990:306 [ref. 14899], Fricke 1999:90 [ref. 24106], Harold 1999:1906 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:324 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:324 [ref. 26001], Harold 2003:895 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:186 [ref. 27076], Love et al. 2005:39 [ref. 37547], Mundy 2005:177 [ref. 28379], Paxton et al. 2006:438 [ref. 28995], Stewart & Kenaley 2015:484 [ref. 34250], Harold 2016:1800 [ref. 34568], Nión et al. 2016:36 [ref. 35565], Carneiro et al. 2019:102 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:120 [ref. 37832], Love et al. 2021:60 [ref. 39279], Fermon et al. 2022:174 [ref. 39448] possible, Page et al. 2023:89 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Neonesthes capensis (Gilchrist & von Bonde 1924). Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Circumglobal, primarily in subtropical and temperate seas. Habitat: marine.

caulophorus, Astronesthes Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1929:15, Fig. 3 [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 5); ref. 3680] North Atlantic, 13°35'N, 30°11'W, Dana station 1162, depth 100 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMUC P201889. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:26 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Astronesthes caulophorus Regan & Trewavas 1929 -- (Gibbs 1964:317 [ref. 6960], Gibbs 1986:231 [ref. 5655], Gibbs1990:300 [ref. 14899], Parin & Borodulina 2000:S22 [ref. 26044], Parin & Borodulina 2003:594 [ref. 27333], Harold 2016:1799 [ref. 34568], Sutton et al. 2020:87 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:172 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Astronesthes caulophorus Regan & Trewavas 1929. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

chabanaudi, Pareustomias Bailly [P.] 1930:378, Figs 1-6 [Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Série 2) v. 2 (no. 4); ref. 163] North Atlantic, southeast of La Palma Island, Canary Islands, 28°21'N, 17°40'W, depth 2800 meters of cable out, bottom depth 1900 meters. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1931-0153. •Synonym of Eustomias obscurus Vaillant 1884 -- (Gibbs & Barnett 1990:320 [ref. 14915]). Current status: Synonym of Eustomias obscurus Vaillant 1884. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

chironema, Bathophilus Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:69, Pl. 5 (fig. 3) [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] North Atlantic. Syntypes: BMNH 1929.7.6.67 (1), 1929.7.6.68 (1); ZMUC P201932 (1) Dana station 1041 (29°43'N, 37°28'W); ZMUC P201933 (1) 25°50'N, 76°55'W; ZMUC P201934 (1) Dana station 1335 (28°02'N, 62°26'W). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:13 [ref. 9588]. •Synonym of Bathophilus pawneei Parr 1927 -- (Gibbs & Barnett 1990:310 [ref. 14915]). Current status: Synonym of Bathophilus pawneei Parr 1927. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

choristodactylus, Malacosteus Vaillant [L. L.] 1888:108, Pl. 8 (fig. 4) [Expéditions scientifiques du "Travailleur" et du "Talisman"; ref. 4496] Coast of Morocco, Talisman station 26, depth 2030 meters. Holotype: MNHN 1883-0062 (poor condition). Paratypes: MNHN 1883-0063 (1, poor condition) Type catalog: Bertin 1940:310-311 [ref. 293]. •Synonym of Malacosteus niger Ayres 1848 -- (Morrow 1964:548 [ref. 6958], Goodyear 1973:142 [ref. 7176], Goodyear 1990:339 [ref. 14930], Kenaley 2007:890 [ref. 29441]). Current status: Synonym of Malacosteus niger Ayres 1848. Stomiidae: Malacosteinae. Habitat: marine.

chrysophekadion, Stomianodon Bleeker [P.] 1849:10 [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 22 [7]; ref. 321] Boleling, northern Bali, Indonesia. No types known. •Valid as Astronesthes chrysophekadion (Bleeker 1849) -- (Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:49 [ref. 6441], Parin & Borodulina 1994:460 [ref. 22096], Harold 1999:1906 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:327 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:327 [ref. 26001], Parin & Borodulina 2003:594 [ref. 27333], Mundy 2005:173 [ref. 28379], Liao et al. 2006:519 [ref. 29419]). Current status: Valid as Astronesthes chrysophekadion (Bleeker 1849). Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific. Habitat: marine.

circularis, Grammatostomias Morrow [J. E., Jr.] 1959:1, Fig. 1 [Postilla No. 40; ref. 12012] North of San Juan, Puerto Rico, 18°55'N, 66°10'W to 19°05'N, 66°59'W, depth 0-225 fathoms. Holotype (unique): YPM 3773. Type catalog: Moore & Boardman 1991:17 [ref. 16741]. •Valid as Grammatostomias circularis Morrow 1959 -- (Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:353 [ref. 13675], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:518 [ref. 23897], Harold 2003:912 [ref. 27001], Menezes et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:47 [ref. 27192], Moore et al. 2003:189 [ref. 27076], Prokofiev 2014:483 [ref. 33469], Schnell & Johnson 2017:4 [ref. 35193], Carneiro et al. 2019:100 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:112 [ref. 37832], Obata & Imamura 2024:74 [ref. 40900], Page et al. 2023:88 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Grammatostomias circularis Morrow 1959. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Atlantic; northwestern Pacific: Ogasawara Islands (Japan). Habitat: marine.

cirrhatus, Esox Field [?] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1846:378 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 18; ref. 1011] Not available; manuscript name mentioned in passing; species named Stomias fieldii by Valenciennes. Nomen Nudum. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae.

cirritus, Eustomias Gibbs [R. H., Jr.], Clarke [T. A.] & Gomon [J. R.] 1983:89, Figs. 26c-d [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 380; ref. 5269] Southeast of New Caledonia, 24°47'S, 170°19'E, depth 0-ca. 300 meters. Holotype: ZMUC P201873. Paratypes: IOM uncat. (1). Additional material: USNM 223722 (1). •Valid as Eustomias cirritus Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983 -- (Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741], Fricke et al. 2011:357 [ref. 31242]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias cirritus Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific: New Caledonia. Habitat: marine.

coffea, Photonectes Klepadlo [C.] 2011:202, Fig. 3A, 4-6 [Copeia 2011 (no. 2); ref. 31414] Central equatorial Pacific, 0°01.4'S-05.1'N, 154°58.7'-155°00.1'W, depth approx. 500 meters. Holotype: SIO 73-168. Paratypes (3): LACM 56904-1 [ex SIO 77-167] (1); SIO 73-168 (1), 77-195 (1). Plus additional non-type material. •Valid as Photonectes coffea Klepadlo 2011 -- (Flynn & Klepadlo 2012:260 [ref. 32343], Koeda & Ho 2019:183 [ref. 36650], Prokofiev 2019:450 [ref. 36966]). Current status: Valid as Photonectes coffea Klepadlo 2011. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Equatorial and central North Pacific, west to Philippines. Habitat: marine.

colubrinus, Stomias Garman [S.] 1899:275, Pl. 57 (fig. 1) [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 24; ref. 1540] Gulf of Panama, 6°17'N, 82°05'W, Albatross station 3360, depth 1672 fathoms. Holotype (unique): MCZ 28488. •Valid as Stomias colubrinus Garman 1899 -- (Gibbs 1969:7 [ref. 14912], Fink & Fink 1986:494 [ref. 5176], Pequeño 1989:31 [ref. 14125], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:252 [ref. 28944], Page et al. 2023:90 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Stomias colubrinus Garman 1899. Stomiidae: Stomiinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

contiguus, Eustomias Gomon [J. R.] & Gibbs [R. H., Jr.] 1985:16, Figs. 1d-e [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 409; ref. 5268] North Atlantic, 34°21'N, 35°22'W, depth 0-320 meters. Holotype: ISH 3304-1979. Paratypes: IOM uncat. (1); ISH 161-1968 (2), 3298-1979 (1), 3302-1979 (1), 3303-1979 (2); USNM 222568-70 (1, 1, 1), 265169 (1), 265172-73 (1, 1), 265198 (1). Type catalog: Krefft 1987:77 [ref. 20751]. •Valid as Eustomias contiguus Gomon & Gibbs 1985 -- (Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001], Hartel et al. 2008:322 [ref. 29890], Harold 2016:1813 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:97 [ref. 37250], Page et al. 2023:87 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias contiguus Gomon & Gibbs 1985. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: North Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

cornutus, Photonectes Beebe [W.] 1933:169, Fig. 6 [Copeia 1933 (no. 4); ref. 246] 10 miles south of Nonsuch Island, Bermuda, depth 600 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 170930 [ex NYZS 17875]. Type catalog: Mead 1958:134 [ref. 20648]. •Synonym of Photonectes mirabilis Parr 1927 -- (Gibbs & Barnett 1990:335 [ref. 14915]). •Valid as Photonectes cornutus Beebe 1933 -- (Prokofiev 2014:381 [ref. 33470]). •Species inquirenda -- (Prokofiev 2019:450 [ref. 36966]). Current status: Valid as Photonectes cornutus Beebe 1933. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Bermuda. Habitat: marine.

corynodes, Photonectes Klepadlo [C.] 2011:205, Fig. 3C, 9-10 [Copeia 2011 (no. 2); ref. 31414] Central equatorial Pacific, 0°03.8'S-0°07.0'N, 154°54.5'-56.0'W, depth approx. 1280 meters. Holotype (unique): SIO 73-170. •Valid as Photonectes corynodes Klepadlo 2011 -- (Prokofiev 2014:381 [ref. 33470], Koeda & Ho 2019:184 [ref. 36650], Prokofiev 2019:450 [ref. 36966]). Current status: Valid as Photonectes corynodes Klepadlo 2011. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Equatorial eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

crossotus, Eustomias Gibbs [R. H., Jr.], Clarke [T. A.] & Gomon [J. R.] 1983:49, Figs. 11b, 12d [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 380; ref. 5269] Western Pacific, 16°55'N, 120°03'E, depth 0-ca.300 meters. Holotype: ZMUC P202846. Paratypes: IOM uncat. (1, 1, 1); USNM 223965 (1); ZMUC P202850 (1). •Valid as Eustomias crossotus Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983 -- (Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:344 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:344 [ref. 26001], Shinohara et al. 2005:406 [ref. 28370]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias crossotus Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western North Pacific. Habitat: marine.

crucis, Eustomias Gibbs [R. H., Jr.] & Craddock [J. E.] 1973:154, Fig. 1 [Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington v. 86 (no. 13); ref. 7565] Southeastern Pacific, 31°16' to 30°59'S, 92°28'W, depth 0-380 meters. Holotype (unique): MCZ 49062. •Valid as Eustomias crucis Gibbs & Craddock 1973 -- (Pequeño 1989:31 [ref. 14125]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias crucis Gibbs & Craddock 1973. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Southeastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

cryptobulbus, Eustomias Clarke [T. A.] 2001:693, Fig. 4A [Copeia 2001 (no. 3); ref. 25448] Central North Pacific, near Hawaii, depth 0-975 meters. Holotype: USNM 322887. Paratypes: AMS I20306-019 (1); BPBM 37776 (1); SIO 73-162 (1); USNM 321570 (1), 322417 (1), 322884 (1), 322886 (1). •Valid as Eustomias cryptobulbus Clarke 2001 -- (Mundy 2005:182 [ref. 28379], Paxton et al. 2006:446 [ref. 28995], Kenaley et al. 2008:249 [ref. 30630], Fermon et al. 2022:175 [ref. 39448] with question). Current status: Valid as Eustomias cryptobulbus Clarke 2001. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Nearly circumglobal, including Hawaiian islands; perhaps not in northern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

ctenobarba, Echiostoma Parr [A. E.] 1927:55, Figs. 5, 32-33 [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 3 (art. 2); ref. 3367] Tongue of the Ocean, Bahamas, 23°55'N, 77°09'W, 4000-7000 feet wire out. Holotype: YPM 2091. Type catalog: Moore & Boardman 1991:17 [ref. 16741]. •Synonym of Echiostoma barbatum Lowe 1843 -- (Morrow 1973:137 [ref. 7175], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:313 [ref. 14915], Gomon et al. 1994:258 [ref. 22532]). Current status: Synonym of Echiostoma barbatum Lowe 1843. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

curtatus, Eustomias Gibbs [R. H., Jr.], Clarke [T. A.] & Gomon [J. R.] 1983:114, Fig. 32 (d, e) [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 380; ref. 5269] Central North Pacific [west of Oahu, Hawaiian Islands], 21°20'N, 158°20'W, depth 0-350 meters. Holotype: USNM 224203. Paratypes: AMNH 43494 (1); BPBM 26542-43 (1, 1); IOM uncat. (1); SIO 81-12 (1); USNM 224183-93 (1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 2); ZMUC P208154 (1). Additional material: USNM. •Valid as Eustomias curtatus Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983 -- (Mundy 2005:182 [ref. 28379]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias curtatus Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine.

curtifilis, Eustomias Clarke [T. A.] 2000:105, Fig. 2C [Copeia 2000 (no. 1); ref. 24255] South Atlantic, 17°36'S, 28°53'W, depth 160-660 meters. Holotype: ISH 714-1966. Paratypes: USNM 355575 (1); non-type ISH 2186-1968. •Valid as Eustomias curtifilis Clarke 2000 -- (Clarke 2001:687 [ref. 25448]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias curtifilis Clarke 2000. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: South Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

curvatus, Nasistomias Koefoed [E.] 1956:11, Pl. 3 (fig. C) [Scientific Results of the Michael Sars North Atlantic Deep-Sea Expedition 1910 v. 4 (pt 2, no. 5); ref. 2653] North Atlantic, 34°59'N, 33°01'W, station 53, 300 meters of wire out. Holotype (unique): ZMUB 5293. Type catalog: Frøiland 1979:145 [ref. 21547]. •Synonym of Bathophilus metallicus (Welsh 1923) -- (Morrow 1973:136 [ref. 7175]). •Synonym of Bathophilus vaillanti (Zugmayer 1911) -- (Gibbs & Barnett 1990:312 [ref. 14915]). Current status: Synonym of Bathophilus vaillanti (Zugmayer 1911). Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

cwyanorum, Bathophilus Barnett [M. A.] & Gibbs [R. H., Jr.] 1968:828 [Copeia 1968 (no. 4); ref. 7863] Indian Ocean, 23°40'S, 43°02'E, depth 0-300 meters. Holotype: DANA sta. 3959. Paratypes: DANA station 3932 (1), 3956-57 (1, 1); SIO 61-741 (1); USNM 201936 (1). Plus additional material. •Valid as Bathophilus cwyanorum Barnett & Gibbs 1968 -- (Rajakrishnan et al. 2023:2 [ref. 40430]). Current status: Valid as Bathophilus cwyanorum Barnett & Gibbs 1968. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine.

cyaneus, Bathylychnus Brauer [A.] 1902:289 [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 25 (no. 668); ref. 631] Between Sri Lanka and Maldives, Indian Ocean, 4°56'N, 78°15'03"E, Valdivia station 217, depth 2000 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMB 17434. The gender of Astronesthes is feminine, and cyaneus an adjective; therefore ending cyanea is correct when in genus Astronesthes. •Valid as Astronesthes cyaneus (Brauer 1902) -- (Gibbs 1964:318 [ref. 6960], Yamamoto in Okamura et al. 1982:81, 328 [ref. 8256], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:49 [ref. 6441], Paxton et al. 1989:194 [ref. 12442], Parin & Borodulina 1997:776 [ref. 23751], Harold 1999:1906 [ref. 24741], Shinohara et al. 2001:297 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:329 [ref. 26001], Parin & Borodulina 2003:595 [ref. 27333], Mundy 2005:173 [ref. 28379], Kenaley et al. 2008:241 [ref. 30630], Fricke et al. 2014:25 [ref. 33932], Fricke et al. 2018:67 [ref. 35805], Carneiro et al. 2019:93 [ref. 37250]). •Valid as Astronesthes cyanea (Brauer 1902) -- (Shinohara et al. 1996:162 [ref. 26605], Nakabo 2000:329 [ref. 25086]). Current status: Valid as Astronesthes cyanea (Brauer 1902). Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Indo-Pacific: Madagascar east to Galapagos Islands (Ecuador), north to Ogasawara Islands. Habitat: marine.

cyanogrammicus, Photonectes Prokofiev [A. M.] & Klepadlo [C.] 2019:271, Fig. 1 [Zootaxa 4590 (no. 2); ref. 36682] R/V Alis, camp. Salomon 1, sta. cp1751, 9°10'4.8"S, 159°52'58.8"E, depth 749-799 meters. Holotype (unique): MNHN 2002-3685. •Valid as Photonectes cyanogrammicus Prokofiev & Klepadlo 2019. Current status: Valid as Photonectes cyanogrammicus Prokofiev & Klepadlo 2019. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Equatorial Western Pacific. Habitat: marine.

cyclophotus, Astronesthes Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1929:19, Fig. 11 [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 5); ref. 3680] North Atlantic. Syntypes: BMNH 1929.1.4.86 (1), 1929.1.4.87 (1); ZMUC P201928-31 (1, 1, 1, 1). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:26 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Astronesthes cyclophotus Regan & Trewavas 1929 -- (Gibbs 1964:319 [ref. 6960], Gibbs & Morrow 1973:126 [ref. 7174], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:327 [ref. 13675], Gibbs 1990:300 [ref. 14899], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:451 [ref. 23897], Parin & Borodulina 1998:695 [ref. 24685], Harold 2016:1799 [ref. 34568]). •Questionably a synonym of Astronesthes neopogon Regan & Trewavas 1929 -- (Parin & Borodulina 2000:S18 [ref. 26044], Harold 2003:895 [ref. 27001], Harold 2016:1799 [ref. 34568]). Current status: Synonym of Astronesthes neopogon Regan & Trewavas 1929. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

dactylobolus, Eustomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:94, Pl. 8 (fig. 4); Fig. 80c [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] North Atlantic. Syntypes: BMNH 1929.7.6.124 (1) Dana station 1165 (12°11'N, 35°49'W); ZMUC P201965 (1) Dana station 1160 (15°50'N, 26°32'W). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:15 [ref. 9588]. •Synonym of Eustomias lipochirus Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Gibbs & Barnett 1990:318 [ref. 14915]). Current status: Synonym of Eustomias lipochirus Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

danae, Chauliodus Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1929:34, Pl. 7 [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 5); ref. 3680] North Atlantic; Caribbean Sea; Indian Ocean; off New Guinea. Syntypes: (1015) BMNH 1929.1.4.26-31 (6?), 1929.1.4.34-53 (20?), 1929.1.4.67-68 (2); MNHN 1938-0130 (1); ZMUC (orig. 1015, now ?). Type catalog: Bertin 1940:311-312 [ref. 293], Nielsen 1974:24 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Chauliodus danae Regan & Trewavas 1929 -- (Morrow 1973:130 [ref. 7175], Parin & Novikova 1974:292 [ref. 7528], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:336 [ref. 13675], Scott & Scott 1988:182 [ref. 25518], Pequeño 1989:31 [ref. 14125], McAllister 1990:92 [ref. 14674], Parin 1990:293 [ref. 14819], Santos et al. 1997:35 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:36 [ref. 24952], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:463 [ref. 23897], Porteiro et al. 1999:31 [ref. 24203], Harold 1999:1910 [ref. 24741], Harold 2003:898 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:186 [ref. 27076], Harold 2016:1803 [ref. 34568], Nión et al. 2016:36 [ref. 35565], Carneiro et al. 2019:96 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:98 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:171 [ref. 39448] with question, Page et al. 2023:87 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Chauliodus danae Regan & Trewavas 1929. Stomiidae: Chauliodontinae. Distribution: Atlantic; Pacific. Habitat: marine.

danae, Eustomias Clarke [T. A.] 2001:688, Fig. 2B [Copeia 2001 (no. 3); ref. 25448] South China Sea, 14°73'N, 119°52'E, 600 meters wire out. Holotype: ZMUC P201841. Plus nontype material. •Valid as Eustomias danae Clarke 2001. Current status: Valid as Eustomias danae Clarke 2001. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western Pacific. Habitat: marine.

danae, Malacosteus Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:143, Pl. 14 (fig. 1) [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] Gulf of Panama. Syntypes: BMNH 1929.7.6.264 (1) Dana station 1209 (7°15'N, 78°54'W); ZMUC P201990 (1) Dana station 1203 (7°30'N, 79°19'W). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:26 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Malacosteus danae Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Peden et al. 1985:5 [ref. 24081], McAllister 1990:96 [ref. 14674], Aizawa in Amaoka et al. 1990:123 [ref. 16024]). •Synonym of Malacosteus niger Ayres 1848 -- (Goodyear 1990:340 [ref. 14930], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:228 [ref. 25968], Mundy 2005:191 [ref. 28379], Kenaley 2007:890 [ref. 29441]). Current status: Synonym of Malacosteus niger Ayres 1848. Stomiidae: Malacosteinae. Habitat: marine.

danae, Stomias Ege [V.] 1933:235 [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, Kjøbenhavn v. 94; ref. 1186] East of Samoa, South Pacific, 13°14'S, 169°51'W, Dana station 3583, depth 200 meters (600 meters wire out). Holotype (unique): ZMUC P201924. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:13 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Stomias danae Ege 1933 -- (Gibbs 1969:7 [ref. 14912], Fink & Fink 1986:494 [ref. 5176], Harold 1999:1908 [ref. 24741], Menezes et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:48 [ref. 27192], Mundy 2005:178 [ref. 28379], Eduardo et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39574], Villarins et al. 2022:38 [ref. 39442]). Current status: Valid as Stomias danae Ege 1933. Stomiidae: Stomiinae. Distribution: Circumglobal, but not in North Atlantic or eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

dannevigi, Chauliodus McCulloch [A. R.] 1916:179, Pl. 52 [Biological Results Endeavour v. 4 (pt 4); ref. 4934] 48 kilometers south of Cape Everard, Victoria, Australia, depth 180-240 fathoms. Holotype (unique): AMS E.6292. •Synonym of Chauliodus sloani Bloch & Schneider 1801 -- (Morrow 1973:130 [ref. 7175], Parin & Novikova 1974:276 [ref. 7528], Paxton et al. 1989:205 [ref. 12442], Parin 1990:294 [ref. 14819], Paxton et al. 2006:441 [ref. 28995]). Current status: Synonym of Chauliodus sloani Bloch & Schneider 1801. Stomiidae: Chauliodontinae. Habitat: marine.

decimus, Astronesthes Zugmayer [E.] 1911:6 [Bulletin de l'Institut Océanographique (Monaco) No. 193; ref. 6161] Off Portugal, 44°25'N, 11°36'W, station 3001, depth 0-4900 meters. Holotype (unique): MOM 0091-0959. Type catalog: Belloc 1949:8 [ref. 21544]. Species illustrated and described in more detail in Zugmayer 1911:80, Pl. 3 (fig. 6) [ref. 4846]. •Valid as Rhadinesthes decimus (Zugmayer 1911) -- (Gibbs 1964:345 [ref. 6960], Gibbs & Morrow 1973:128 [ref. 7174], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:334 [ref. 13675], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:50 [ref. 6441], Paulin et al. 1989:100 [ref. 24556], Gibbs 1990:307 [ref. 14899], Arruda 1997:35 [ref. 24952], Nakabo 2000:324 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:325 [ref. 26001], Harold 2003:895 [ref. 27001], Liao et al. 2006:526 [ref. 29419], Hartel et al. 2008:322 [ref. 29890], Møller et al. 2010:30 [ref. 31169], Fricke et al. 2011:358 [ref. 31242], Stewart & Kenaley 2015:486 [ref. 34250], Afonso et al. 2016:27, 264 [ref. 36199], Harold 2016:1800 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:104 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:79 [ref. 37832], Bañón & Maño 2021:54 [ref. 38883], Love et al. 2021:60 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:89 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Rhadinesthes decimus (Zugmayer 1911). Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Circumglobal. Habitat: marine.

decoratus, Astronesthes Parin [N. V.] & Borodulina [O. D.] 2002:450, Fig. 10 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 42 (no. 4); ref. 26267] Atlantic, 1°04'N, 18°22'W, depth 2100 meters. Holotype: USNM 357364. Paratypes: ISH 251-1974 (2), 483-1974 (1); MCZ 133105 (24), 133277-79 (1, 1, 1); USNM 371779 [ex USNM 357364] (1); ZMH 10890 (1). The gender of Astronesthes is feminine, and decoratus an adjective; therefore ending decorata is correct. •Valid as Astronesthes decoratus Parin & Borodulina 2002 -- (Parin & Borodulina 2003:595 [ref. 27333], Harold 2016:1799 [ref. 34568], Sutton et al. 2020:93 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:172 [ref. 39448] with question). •Valid as Astronesthes decorata Parin & Borodulina 2002. Current status: Valid as Astronesthes decorata Parin & Borodulina 2002. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Eastern Atlantic: 23°30'N to 24°S Habitat: marine.

decoratus, Eustomias Gibbs [R. H., Jr.] 1971:237, Fig. 1 [Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington v. 84 (no. 29); ref. 7676] Near Bermuda, 32°19'N, 63°37'W, depth 0-235 meters. Holotype: USNM 205494. •Valid as Eustomias decoratus Gibbs 1971 -- (Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias decoratus Gibbs 1971. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western North Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

dendriticus, Eustomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:104, Fig. 96 [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] North Atlantic, 29°24'N, 48°08'W, Dana station 1058, 110 meters of wire out. Holotype (unique): ZMUC P201896. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:15 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Eustomias dendriticus Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Parin & Pokhil'skaya 1974:333 [ref. 7527], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:53 [ref. 6441], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:315 [ref. 14915], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:498 [ref. 23897], Clarke 1999:1006 [ref. 24186], Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741], Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001], Harold 2016:1813 [ref. 34568], Sutton et al. 2020:102 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:175 [ref. 39448], Page et al. 2023:87 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias dendriticus Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Atlantic. Circumglobal [ref. 34568]. Habitat: marine.

dendrobium, Eustomias (Dinematochirus) Koeda [K.] & Ho [H.-C.] 2019:95, Fig. 1 [Zootaxa 4702 (no. 1); ref. 37152] Off Dong-gang, Pintung, Taiwan, South China Sea, circa 22°39'N, 120°24'E. Holotype (unique): NMMB-P30621. •Valid as Eustomias dendrobium Koeda & Ho 2019. Current status: Valid as Eustomias dendrobium Koeda & Ho 2019. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Southwestern Taiwan, South China Sea. Habitat: marine.

dentatus, Chauliodus Garman [S.] 1899:273 [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 24; ref. 1540] Society Islands. Holotype (unique): MCZ 6597 (poor condition). •Synonym of Chauliodus sloani Bloch & Schneider 1801 -- (Morrow 1973:130 [ref. 7175], Parin & Novikova 1974:276 [ref. 7528], Parin 1990:294 [ref. 14819], Mundy 2005:179 [ref. 28379]). •Valid as Chauliodus dentatus Garman 1899 -- (Harold 1999:1910 [ref. 24741]). Current status: Valid as Chauliodus dentatus Garman 1899. Stomiidae: Chauliodontinae. Distribution: Cosmopolitan. Habitat: marine.

dentatus, Grammatostomias Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.] 1896:110, Pl. 35 (fig. 133) [Special Bulletin U. S. National Museum No. 2; ref. 1848] West of New Jersey, U.S.A., 38°19'20"N, 69°02'30"W, Albatross station 2565, depth 2069 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 37370. •Valid as Grammatostomias dentatus Goode & Bean 1896 -- (Gibbs & Barnett 1990:324 [ref. 14915], Harold 2003:912 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:189 [ref. 27076], Fricke et al. 2011:357 [ref. 31242], Prokofiev 2014:483 [ref. 33469], Harold 2016:1814 [ref. 34568], Schnell & Johnson 2017:4 [ref. 35193], Carneiro et al. 2019:100 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:112 [ref. 37832], Eduardo et al. 2022:6 [ref. 39574], Villarins et al. 2022:53 [ref. 39442], Page et al. 2023:88 [ref. 40505], Rajakrishnan et al. 2023:5 [ref. 40681]). Current status: Valid as Grammatostomias dentatus Goode & Bean 1896. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Circumglobal. Atlantic and equatorial Indian Ocean [ref. 34568]. Habitat: marine.

dentex, Thysanactis Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:58, Pl. 2 (fig. 1); Figs. 35-36 [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] Caribbean Sea; western Atlantic. Syntypes: BMNH 1929.7.6.8 (1), 1929.7.6.9 (1); ZMUC P202078-80 (1, 1, 1). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:24 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Melanostomias dentex Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Shinohara et al. 2005:406 [ref. 28370]). •Valid as Thysanactis dentex Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:51 [ref. 6441], Paxton et al. 1989:203 [ref. 12442], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:336 [ref. 14915], Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:330 [ref. 25086], Hutchins 2001:19 [ref. 25847], Nakabo 2002:330 [ref. 26001], Harold 2003:912 [ref. 27001], Mundy 2005:189 [ref. 28379], Paxton et al. 2006:451 [ref. 28995], Fricke et al. 2011:358 [ref. 31242], Harold 2016:1815 [ref. 34568], Sutton et al. 2020:82 [ref. 37832], Eduardo et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39574], Fermon et al. 2022:178 [ref. 39448] with question, Villarins et al. 2022:59 [ref. 39442]). Current status: Valid as Thysanactis dentex Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical seas, but not in the eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

deofamiliaris, Eustomias Gibbs [R. H., Jr.], Clarke [T. A.] & Gomon [J. R.] 1983:40, Fig. 5a [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 380; ref. 5269] Hawaiian Islands, 21°20'-21°30'N, 158°20'-158°30'W, depth 0-70 meters. Holotype (unique): USNM 223764. •Valid as Eustomias deofamiliaris Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983 -- (Mundy 2005:183 [ref. 28379]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias deofamiliaris Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Hawaiian Islands (known only from holotype). Habitat: marine.

digitatus, Dactylostomias Welsh [W. W.] 1923:9, Fig. 9 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 62 (no. 2449); ref. 15432] 225 miles west of Bermuda, depth 75-0 meters. Holotype (unique): USNM 84291. •Valid as Bathophilus digitatus (Welsh 1923) -- (Morrow 1973:136 [ref. 7175], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:343 [ref. 13675], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:52 [ref. 6441], Gibbs 1986:237 [ref. 5655], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:309 [ref. 14915], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:484 [ref. 23897], Fricke 1999:89 [ref. 24106], Harold 1999:1912 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:333 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:333 [ref. 26001], Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:187 [ref. 27076], Mundy 2005:179 [ref. 28379], Harold 2016:1813 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:95 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:96 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:174 [ref. 39448] possible, Page et al. 2023:86 [ref. 40505], Rajakrishnan et al. 2023:2 [ref. 40430]). Current status: Valid as Bathophilus digitatus (Welsh 1923). Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in warm seas. Habitat: marine.

digitatus, Eustomias Gomon [J. R.] & Gibbs [R. H., Jr.] 1985:26, Figs. 9e-f [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 409; ref. 5268] Off Leeward Islands, 17°43'N, 64°56'W, Lesser Antilles, depth 0 to about 450 meters. Holotype: ZMUC P201850. Paratypes: BMNH 1929.7.6.109 (1). •Valid as Eustomias digitatus Gomon & Gibbs 1985 -- (Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias digitatus Gomon & Gibbs 1985. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: North Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

dinema, Eustomias Clarke [T. A.] 1999:1005, Fig. 1A [Copeia 1999 (no. 4); ref. 24186] Central Pacific, near Hawaiian Islands, depth 195 meters. Holotype: USNM 321456. Paratypes: SIO 96-10 (1); USNM 321460 (1), 321563-64 (1, 1); plus non-types. Noun in a noun in apposition from Greek. •Valid as Eustomias dinema Clarke 1999 -- (Mundy 2005:183 [ref. 28379], Fricke et al. 2011:357 [ref. 31242]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias dinema Clarke 1999. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Hawaiian Islands, New Caledonia, possibly more widespread in Western Pacific. Habitat: marine.

dinema, Photonectes Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:120, Figs. 114, 115b [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] North Atlantic. Syntypes: (10) BMNH 1929.7.6.170 (1), 1929.7.6.171 (1), 1929.7.6.172 (1); ZMUC P202058-62 (5). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:23 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Photonectes dinema Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:363 [ref. 13675], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:334 [ref. 14915], Arruda 1997:38 [ref. 24952], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:535 [ref. 23897], Harold 2003:912 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:190 [ref. 27076], Klepadlo 2011:202 [ref. 31414] in subgenus Melanonectes, Prokofiev 2014:380 [ref. 33470], Harold 2016:1815 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:103 [ref. 37250], Prokofiev 2019:450 [ref. 36966], Sutton et al. 2020:123 [ref. 37832], Page et al. 2023:89 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Photonectes dinema Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

dio, Melanostomias Villarins [B. T.], Fischer [L. G.], Prokofiev [A. M.] & Mincarone [M. M.] 2023:245, Figs. [Ichthyology & Herpetology v. 111 (no. 2); ref. 40197] Off northern Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, Brazil. Holotype (unique). •Valid as Melanostomias dio Villarins, Fischer, Prokofiev & Mincarone 2023. Current status: Valid as Melanostomias dio Villarins, Fischer, Prokofiev & Mincarone 2023. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, Brazil. Habitat: marine.

diplomastiga, Eustomias (Furcostomias) Prokofiev [A. M.] 2018:3, Figs. 1a, 1b [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 58 (no. 1); ref. 35845] Region of ridges near San Felix Island zone, southern subtropical waters, 27°55' - 28°00'S, 84°11' - 84°08'W, depth 150-210 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMMU 23825. •Valid as Eustomias (Furcostomias) diplomastiga Prokofiev 2018. Current status: Valid as Eustomias diplomastiga Prokofiev 2018. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: San Felix Island. Habitat: marine.

dispar, Eustomias Gomon [J. R.] & Gibbs [R. H., Jr.] 1985:18, Fig. 1b [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 409; ref. 5268] Northwestern tropical Atlantic, 8°57'N, 46°29'W, depth 0-485 meters. Holotype (unique): USNM 222183. •Valid as Eustomias dispar Gomn & Gibbs 1985 -- (Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias dispar Gomon & Gibbs 1985. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

distichodon, Photonectes Prokofiev [A. M.] 2019:467, Figs. 2l, 4a-d [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 59 (no. 4); ref. 36966] 35°33'6"S, 116°31'6"E, depth 0 - 200 meters. Holotype: IO RAS 3584. Paratype: IO RAS 3585 (1). •Valid as Photonectes distichodon Prokofiev 2019. Current status: Valid as Photonectes distichodon Prokofiev 2019. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Off Southwest Australia. Habitat: marine.

drechseli, Eustomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:95, Figs. 81, 82a [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] North Atlantic, 33°42'N, 36°16'W, Dana station 1367, depth 350 meters(1000 meters of wire out). Holotype (unique): ZMUC P201897. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:16 [ref. 9588]. •Treated as valid as Eustomias drechseli Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Carneiro et al. 2019:98 [ref. 37250]). Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: North Atlantic (if valid). Habitat: marine.

dubius, Eustomias Parr [A. E.] 1927:66, Figs. 36D, 38 [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 3 (art. 2); ref. 3367] Tongue of the Ocean, Bahamas, 23°58'N, 77°26'W, depth 0-1062 meters (7000 feet wire out). Holotype: YPM 2036. Type catalog: Moore & Boardman 1991:18 [ref. 16741]. •Valid as Eustomias dubius Parr 1927 -- (Gomon & Gibbs 1985:32 [ref. 5268], Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001], Carneiro et al. 2019:98 [ref. 37250], Page et al. 2023:87 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias dubius Parr 1927. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

dupliglandis, Astronesthes Parin [N. V.] & Borodulina [O. D.] 1997:778, Fig. 3 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 37 (no. 6); ref. 23751] South Pacific, 0°57'S, 140°00'W, depth 318 meters. Holotype: USNM 203633. Paratypes: ZIN 51281 (1), ZMMU P-20205-06 (1, 1), P-20210 (1). Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:43 [ref. 25714]. •Valid as Astronesthes dupliglandis Parin & Borogulina 1997 -- (Parin & Borodulina 2003:595 [ref. 27333]). Current status: Valid as Astronesthes dupliglandis Parin & Borodulina 1997. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Pacific. Habitat: marine.

elongatus, Eustomias Clarke [T. A.] 2001:691, Figs. 1, 3C [Copeia 2001 (no. 3); ref. 25448] Central North Pacific, near Hawaii, depth 0-370 meters. Holotype: USNM 341944. Paratypes: SIO 96-11 (1); USNM 321451-54 (1, 1, 1, 1); plus nontype material. •Valid as Eustomias elongatus Clarke 2001 -- (Mundy 2005:183 [ref. 28379]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias elongatus Clarke 2001. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western and central North Pacific: Ogasawara Islands, Minami Tori Shima, Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine.

elongatus, Stomias Alcock [A. W.] 1891:129 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 6) v. 8 (no. 43/44); ref. 87] Laccadive Sea, 8°23'N, 75°47'E, Investigator station 107, depth 738 fathoms. Holotype (unique): ZSI F13075. •Synonym of Stomias affinis Günther 1887 -- (Gibbs 1990:296 [ref. 14899]). Current status: Synonym of Stomias affinis Günther 1887. Stomiidae: Stomiinae. Habitat: marine.

elucens, Astronesthes Brauer [A.] 1906:31 [Die Tiefsee-Fische v. 15; ref. 632] Gulf of Guinea, 0°55'07"N, 4°37'06"W, Valdivia station 51, depth 2500 meters. Holotype: ZMB 17431 (apparently lost). •Valid as Borostomias elucens (Brauer 1906) -- (Gibbs 1964:337 [ref. 6960], Fujii in Uyeno et al. 1983:146 [ref. 14275], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:332 [ref. 13675], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:50 [ref. 6441], Gibbs 1990:304 [ref. 14899], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:459 [ref. 23897], Harold 1999:1906 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:325 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:325 [ref. 26001], Harold 2003:895 [ref. 27001], Shinohara et al. 2005:406 [ref. 28370], Liao et al. 2006:525 [ref. 29419], Harold 2016:1799 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:96 [ref. 37250], Reiner 2019:94 [ref. 38139], Sutton et al. 2020:96 [ref. 37832], Eduardo et al. 2021:4 [ref. 38817], Eduardo et al. 2022:6 [ref. 39574], Fermon et al. 2022:173 [ref. 39448], Villarins et al. 2022:34 [ref. 39442], Page et al. 2023:87 [ref. 40505], Rajakrishnan et al. 2023:5 [ref. 40681]). Current status: Valid as Borostomias elucens (Brauer 1906). Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm temperate seas. Habitat: marine.

emmelas, Chauliodus Jordan [D. S.] & Starks [E. C.] 1904:579, Pl. 1 (fig. 2) [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 22 [1902]; ref. 2526] Sagami Bay, Japan, Albatross, depth 120-265 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 51464. •Synonym of Chauliodus macouni Bean 1890 -- (Parin & Novikova 1974:269 [ref. 7528]). Current status: Synonym of Chauliodus macouni Bean 1890. Stomiidae: Chauliodontinae. Habitat: marine.

enbarbatus, Eustomias Welsh [W. W.] 1923:7, Figs. 7-8 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 62 (no. 2449); ref. 15432] 185 miles west of Bermuda, depth 100-0 meters. Holotype: USNM 84282. Paratypes: USNM 84283 (1). •Valid as Eustomias enbarbatus Welsh 1923 -- (Parin & Pokhil'skaya 1974:323 [ref. 7527], Paxton et al. 1989:199 [ref. 12442], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:316 [ref. 14915], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:499 [ref. 23897], Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:342 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:342 [ref. 26001], Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:188 [ref. 27076], Mundy 2005:183 [ref. 28379], Paxton et al. 2006:446 [ref. 28995], Kenaley & Stewart 2015:504 [ref. 34248], Harold 2016:1813 [ref. 34568], Harold 2016:1813 [ref. 34568], Nión et al. 2016:36 [ref. 35565], Carneiro et al. 2019:98 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:110 [ref. 37832], Eduardo et al. 2022:6 [ref. 39574], Fermon et al. 2022:175 [ref. 39448], Villarins et al. 2022:51 [ref. 39442], Page et al. 2023:87 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias enbarbatus Welsh 1923. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Circumglobal, but not eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

exsul, Astronesthes Parin [N. V.] & Borodulina [O. D.] 2002:451, Fig. 11 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 42 (no. 4); ref. 26267] Indian Ocean, 28°05'S, 40°09'E, depth 400 meters. Holotype: IOM 02268. Paratypes: IOM 02269 (1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 4, 1, 1, 3, 5, 1, 2). •Valid as Astronesthes exsul Parin & Borodulina 2002 -- (Parin & Borodulina 2003:595 [ref. 27333], Fricke et al. 2018:67 [ref. 35805]). Current status: Valid as Astronesthes exsul Parin & Borodulina 2002. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Madagascar east to western Indonesia and northwestern Australia. Habitat: marine.

fasciola, Idiacanthus Peters [W. (C. H.)] 1877:847 [Monatsberichte der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1876; ref. 3454] North of Australia, 117°E, eastern Indian Ocean; western Pacific north of New Guinea, 1°04'05"N, 136°03'06"E, at surface. Syntypes: (2) ZMB 9338 (1), 9772 (1), ?17453 (1) station 226. •Valid as Idiacanthus fasciola Peters 1877 -- (Gibbs 1964:514 [ref. 6961], Krueger 1973:144 [ref. 7177], Fujii in Okamura et al. 1982:91, 333 [ref. 8256], Yamamoto in Amaoka et al. 1983:85, 181 [ref. 8379], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:368 [ref. 13675], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:54 [ref. 6441], Hulley 1986:234 [ref. 5672], Nakamura in Nakamura et al. 1986:96 [ref. 14235], Scott & Scott 1988:185 [ref. 25518], Matarese et al. 1989:122 [ref. 26885], Paxton et al. 1989:208 [ref. 12442], Paulin et al. 1989:103 [ref. 24556], McAllister 1990:97 [ref. 14674], Krueger 1990:342 [ref. 14983], Santos et al. 1997:36 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:39 [ref. 24952], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:466 [ref. 23897], Fricke 1999:90 [ref. 24106], Porteiro et al. 1999:31 [ref. 24203], Harold 1999:1917 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:346 [ref. 25086], Randall & Lim in Randall & Lim 2000:591 [ref. 25122], Hutchins 2001:19 [ref. 25847], Nakabo 2002:346 [ref. 26001], Harold 2003:900 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:191 [ref. 27076], Love et al. 2005:38 [ref. 37547], Mundy 2005:190 [ref. 28379], Paxton et al. 2006:454 [ref. 28994], Fricke et al. 2011:357 [ref. 31242], Stewart & Kenaley 2015:523 [ref. 34250], Harold 2016:1805 [ref. 34568], Nión et al. 2016:36 [ref. 35565] with author as Peter, Carneiro et al. 2019:100 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:113 [ref. 37832], Love et al. 2021:59 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:88 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Idiacanthus fasciola Peters 1877. Stomiidae: Idiacanthinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical through temperate seas. Habitat: marine.

fedorovi, Astronesthes (Stomianodon) Parin [N. V.] & Borodulina [O. D.] 1994:462, Fig. 2 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 34 (no. 4); ref. 22096] North Pacific, 30°53'N, 162°01'E, depth 100-0 meters. Holotype: ZIN 50541. Paratypes: NSMT 35402 (1); ZIN 50542 (9); ZMMU P-19292-96 (4, 3, 4, 2, 1). Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:43-44 [ref. 25714]. •Valid as Astronesthes fedorovi Parin & Borodulina 1994 -- (Nakabo 2000:327 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:327 [ref. 26001], Parin & Borodulina 2003:594 [ref. 27333], Shinohara et al. 2005:406 [ref. 28370], Mundy 2005:174 [ref. 28379]). Current status: Valid as Astronesthes fedorovi Parin & Borodulina 1994. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Western and central North Pacific: Japan and Kyushu-Palau Ridge east to Hawaiian Ridge. Habitat: marine.

ferox, Bathyophis Günther [A.] 1878:181 [14] [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 5) v. 2 (nos 7/8/9)(art. 2/22/28); ref. 2010] Mid-North Atlantic, Challenger station 63, depth 2750 fathoms. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1887.12.7.228. On p. 14 of separate. See also Günther 1887:216, Pl. 52 (fig. D) [ref. 2013]. •Synonym of Idiacanthus fasciola Peters 1877 -- (Gibbs 1964:521 [ref. 6961], Krueger 1990:342 [ref. 14983]). Current status: Synonym of Idiacanthus fasciola Peters 1877. Stomiidae: Idiacanthinae. Habitat: marine.

ferox, Stomias Reinhardt [J. C. H.] 1842:83 [Oversigt over det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskabs Forhandlinger og dets Medlemmers Arbeider (Kjøbenhavn) 1842 (no. 6) (for 17 June); ref. 18618] Greenland. Type lost. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:13 [ref. 9588]. •Synonym of Stomias boa (Risso 1810), but a valid subspecies ferox Reinhardt 1842 -- (Morrow 1973:132 [ref. 7175], Scott & Scott 1988:184 [ref. 25518], McAllister 1990:92 [ref. 14674], Santos et al. 1997:37 [ref. 23531], Hartel & Craddock in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:192 [ref. 26158], Harold 2003:906 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:186 [ref. 27076], Kenaley et al. 2008:245 [ref. 30630], Fermon et al. 2022:171 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Synonym of Stomias boa (Risso 1810). Stomiidae: Stomiinae. Distribution: North Atlantic [this subspecies when recognized]. Habitat: marine.

fieldii, Stomias Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1846:378 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 18; ref. 1011] New York, U.S.A. Holotype: USNM 34538. Non-types: MNHN 0000-4930 (1). Type catalog: Bertin 1940:311 [ref. 293]. •Synonym of Astronesthes niger Richardson 1845 -- (Gibbs & Morrow 1973:126 [ref. 7174], Gibbs 1990:303 [ref. 14899], Parin & Borodulina 2002:442 [ref. 26267]). •Synonym of Astronesthes nigra Richardson 1845. Current status: Synonym of Astronesthes nigra Richardson 1845. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Habitat: marine.

filifer, Astronesthes Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1929:14, Pl. 1 (fig. 1) [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 5); ref. 3680] Caribbean Sea; Atlantic, 0-300 meters of wire out. Syntypes: (37) BMNH 1929.1.4.65 (1), 1929.1.4.66-68 (3), 1929.1.4.69-70 (2); MNHN 1938-0119 (1); ZMUC P202391-414 (24). Type catalog: Bertin 1940:311 [ref. 293], Nielsen 1974:26 [ref. 9588]. •Synonym of Astronesthes richardsoni (Poey 1852) -- (Gibbs 1964:331 [ref. 6960], Gibbs 1990:304 [ref. 14899], Parin & Borodulina 2000:S20 [ref. 26044]). Current status: Synonym of Astronesthes richardsoni (Poey 1852). Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Habitat: marine.

filifer, Dactylostomias Garman [S.] 1899:279, Pl. 56 (fig. 6) [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 24; ref. 1540] Pacific off Culpepper Island, Albatross station 3413; off Guatemala, station 3414; off Acapulco, Mexico, station 3418; depth 660-2232 fathoms. Syntypes: MCZ 28481-83 (1, 1, 1). •Valid as Bathophilus filifer (Garman 1899) -- (Pequeño 1989:31 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:102 [ref. 24556], Harold 1999:1912 [ref. 24741], Love et al. 2005:38 [ref. 37547], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:251 [ref. 28944], Fricke et al. 2011:357 [ref. 31242], Fourriére et al. 2016:454 [ref. 34668], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:606 [ref. 34923], Schnell & Johnson 2017:2 [ref. 35193], Love et al. 2021:59 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:86 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Bathophilus filifer (Garman 1899). Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Pacific. Habitat: marine.

filiferum, Neostomias Gilchrist [J. D. F.] 1906:168, Pl. 50 [Marine Investigations in South Africa v. 4; ref. 1647] Off Cape Point, E.N.E. 36.5 miles, depth 660 fathoms. Holotype (unique): SAM 17791 (apparently lost). •Valid as Eustomias filifer (Gilchrist 1906) -- (Gibbs 1986:238 [ref. 5655], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:348 [ref. 13675], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:316 [ref. 14915], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:500 [ref. 23897], Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001], Menezes et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:47 [ref. 27192], Moore et al. 2003:188 [ref. 27076], Sutton & Hartel 2004:117 [ref. 27508], Harold 2016:1813 [ref. 34568], Schnell & Johnson 2017:4 [ref. 35193], Carneiro et al. 2019:98 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:101 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:175 [ref. 39448] with question, Page et al. 2023:87 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias filifer (Gilchrist 1906). Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

filipendulus, Photonectes Prokofiev [A. M.] 2019:470, Figs. 2n, 4i-q [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 59 (no. 4); ref. 36966] Hawaii region, Central Pacific, 31°N, 174°E. Holotype: IO RAS 3586. Paratypes: IO RAS. Plus additional non-type material. •Valid as Photonectes filipendulus Prokofiev 2019 -- (Prokofiev & Frable 2023:498 [ref. 39937]). Current status: Valid as Photonectes filipendulus Prokofiev 2019. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Pacific: Marshall Islands east to off California (U.S.A.) and off Baja California (Mexico). Habitat: marine.

fimbria, Photonectes Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:125, Fig. 119c [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] Southwest of Azores, northeastern Atlantic, 32°55'N, 21°51'W, Dana station 1148, depth 175 meters (500 meters of wire out). Holotype (unique): ZMUC P201920. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:23 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Photonectes fimbria Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Morrow 1973:141 [ref. 7175]). •Synonym of Photonectes parvimanus Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:364 [ref. 13675], Gibbs 1986:243 [ref. 5655], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:336 [ref. 14915], Flynn & Klepadlo 2012:265 [ref. 32343], Prokofiev 2019:450 [ref. 36966]). Current status: Synonym of Photonectes parvimanus Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

fissibarbis, Neostomias Pappenheim [P.] 1914:175, Figs. 4-5 [Deutsche Südpolar-Expedition 1901-1903 v. 15 (Zoologie v. 7); ref. 3361] Eastern Atlantic [ca. 1,100 kilometers northwest of Cape Verde Islands], 24°41'N, 32°21'W, depth 20 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMB 19308. •Valid as Eustomias fissibarbis (Pappenheim 1914) (often dated 1912) -- (Parin & Pokhil'skaya 1974:334 [ref. 7527], Scott & Scott 1988:177 [ref. 25518], McAllister 1990:94 [ref. 14674], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:317 [ref. 14915], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:501 [ref. 23897], Clarke 2000:101 [ref. 24255], Nakabo 2000:340 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:340 [ref. 26001], Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:188 [ref. 27076], Shinohara et al. 2005:406 [ref. 28370], Mundy 2005:183 [ref. 28379], Harold 2016:1813 [ref. 34568], Harold 2016:1813 [ref. 34568], Schnell & Johnson 2017:4 [ref. 35193], Carneiro et al. 2019:98 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:103 [ref. 37832], Page et al. 2023:87 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias fissibarbis (Pappenheim 1914). Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and subtropical seas. Habitat: marine.

flagellatus, Photonectes Parr [A. E.] 1927:107, Figs. 55A, 56 [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 3 (art. 2); ref. 3367] Off Acklins Island, Bahamas, 22°43'N, 74°23'W, 8000 feet wire out. Holotype: YPM 2099. Type catalog: Moore & Boardman 1991:18 [ref. 16741]. •Synonym of Photonectes margarita (Goode & Bean 1896) -- (Gibbs & Barnett 1990:335 [ref. 14915], Prokofiev 2019:450 [ref. 36966]). Current status: Synonym of Photonectes margarita (Goode & Bean 1896). Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

flagellibarba, Grammatostomias Holt [E. W. L.] & Byrne [L. W.] 1910:295 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 8) v. 6 (no. 33); ref. 2196] Irish Atlantic Slope off southwestern Ireland, 51°20'N, 11°56'W, depth 0-700 fathoms. Holotype: BMNH 1910.9.17.2. •Valid as Grammatostomias flagellibarba Holt & Byrne 1910 -- (Morrow 1973:139 [ref. 7175], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:354 [ref. 13675], Harold 2003:912 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:189 [ref. 27076], Prokofiev 2014:483 [ref. 33469], Harold 2016:1814 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:100 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:113 [ref. 37832], Page et al. 2023:88 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Grammatostomias flagellibarba Holt & Byrne 1910. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: North Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

flagellifer, Eustomias Clarke [T. A.] 2001:693, Fig. 3E [Copeia 2001 (no. 3); ref. 25448] Molucca Sea, 1°12'S, 129°03'E, depth 0-200 meters. Holotype (unique): USNM 326036 [not 326026]. •Valid as Eustomias flagellifer Clarke 2001 -- (Kenaley & Stewart 2015:505 [ref. 34248]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias flagellifer Clarke 2001. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western Pacific. Habitat: marine.

flemingi, Bathophilus Aron [W.] & McCrery [P.] 1958:181, Fig. 1 [Copeia 1958 (no. 3); ref. 12044] North Pacific, 800 miles off Cape Flattery, 47°58'N, 139°11'W, depth 60 meters. Holotype: USNM 171004. Paratypes: USNM 171005 (1), 202530 [ex UW 14378] (1), 202531 [ex UW 14379] (1), 202532 [ex UW 14377] (1). •Valid as Bathophilus flemingi Aron & McCrery 1958 -- (Peden et al. 1985:4 [ref. 24081], Matarese et al. 1989:110 [ref. 26885], McAllister 1990:94 [ref. 14674], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:225 [ref. 25968], Love et al. 2005:38 [ref. 37547], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:251 [ref. 28944], Burton & Lea 2019:43 [ref. 37205], Love et al. 2021:59 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:87 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Bathophilus flemingi Aron & McCrery 1958. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Gulf of Alaska (U.S.A.) south to Pacific coast of central Baja California (Mexico). Habitat: marine.

formosana, Astronesthes Liao [Y.-C.], Chen [L.-S.] & Shao [K.-T.] 2006:519, Figs. 3-4, 5A [Zoological Studies v. 45 (no. 4); ref. 29419] Tungkang, southwestern Taiwan. Holotype: ASIZ P0063353. Paratypes: (16) at ASIZ. Plus non-type material. Type catalog: Ho & Shao 2011:35 [ref. 31432]. The gender of Astronesthes is feminine, and formosanus an adjective; therefore ending formosana is correct. •Valid as Astronesthes formosana Liao, Chen & Shao 2006 -- (Ho & Shao 2011:35 [ref. 31432], Koizumi et al. 2021:12 [ref. 38533]). Current status: Valid as Astronesthes formosana Liao, Chen & Shao 2006. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Taiwan north to southern Japan. Habitat: marine.

frondosus, Eustomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:103, Fig. 92 [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] North Atlantic and Bahamas, 200-800 meters of wire out. Syntypes: BMNH 1929.7.6.128-29 (1, 1); ZMUC P 201966 (1) Dana station 945 (25°00'N, 64°10'W), ZMUC P 201967 (1) Dana station 1239 (25°50'N, 76°55'W), ZMUC P201968 (1) Dana station 1242 (24°05'N, 74°36'W), ZMUC P201969 (1) Dana station 1360 (26°56'N, 53°09'W). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:16 [ref. 9588]. •Synonym of Eustomias binghami Parr 1927 -- (Morrow 1973:138 [ref. 7175]). Current status: Synonym of Eustomias binghami Parr 1927. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

furcatus, Macrostomias Shcherbachev [Yu. N.] & Novikova [N. S.] 1976:108, Fig. 7 [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 104; ref. 8551] Northern Indian Ocean, 1°53'N, 64°50'E. Holotype (unique): ZIN 42443. •Synonym of Stomias longibarbatus (Brauer 1902) -- (Fink & Fink 1986:494 [ref. 5176]). Current status: Synonym of Stomias longibarbatus (Brauer 1902). Stomiidae: Stomiinae. Habitat: marine.

furcifer, Eustomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:96, Fig. 83 [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] North Atlantic, 37°23'N, 26°02'W, Dana station 1372, 3000 meters of wire out. Holotype (unique): ZMUC P201898. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:16 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Eustomias furcifer Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Morrow 1973:138 [ref. 7175], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:317 [ref. 14915], Santos et al. 1997:35 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:37 [ref. 24952], Hartel et al. 2008:323 [ref. 29890], Harold 2016:1813 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:98 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:111 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:175 [ref. 39448] with question, Page et al. 2023:88 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias furcifer Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Circumglobal. Habitat: marine.

fusus, Stomias Beebe [W.] 1929:7, Fig. 1 [Zoologica, Scientific Contributions of the New York Zoological Society v. 12 (no. 1); ref. 15884] Hudson Gorge, western Atlantic, 39°15'N, 72°00'W, depth 600 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 170953 [ex NYZS 7667]. Type catalog: Mead 1958:134 [ref. 20648]. •Synonym of Stomias boa (Risso 1810), subspecies ferox Reinhardt 1843 -- (Morrow 1973:132 [ref. 7175]). Current status: Synonym of Stomias boa (Risso 1810). Stomiidae: Stomiinae. Habitat: marine.

galapagensis, Astronesthes Parin [N. V.], Borodulina [O. D.] & Hulley [P. A.] 1999:591 [567], Fig. 7 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 39 (no. 5); ref. 24878] Southeastern Pacific, 17°41'S, 78°53'W, depth 500 meters. Holotype: ZIN 51876. Paratypes: USNM 265376 (2); ZIN 51877-78 (1, 2); ZMMU P-20530-34 (1, 1, 1, 2, 1). Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:44 [ref. 25714]. On p. 567 of English translation. •Valid as Astronesthes galapagensis Parin, Borodulina & Hulley 1999 -- (Parin & Borodulina 2001:419 [ref. 25411], Parin & Borodulina 2003:595 [ref. 27333]). Current status: Valid as Astronesthes galapagensis Parin, Borodulina & Hulley 1999. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Southeastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

gemmifer, Astronesthes Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.] 1896:105, Pl. 33 (fig. 124) [Special Bulletin U. S. National Museum No. 2; ref. 1848] North Atlantic [off Newfoundland, Canada], 44°25'N, 53°12'W, depth about 300 fathoms (stomach content). Holotype (unique): USNM 24645. •Valid as Astronesthes gemmifer Goode & Bean 1896 -- (Gibbs 1964:320 [ref. 6960], Gibbs & Morrow 1973:126 [ref. 7174], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:327 [ref. 13675], Scott & Scott 1988:173 [ref. 25518], McAllister 1990:93 [ref. 14674], Gibbs 1990:301 [ref. 14899], Santos et al. 1997:34 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:35 [ref. 24952], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:452 [ref. 23897], Porteiro et al. 1999:9 [ref. 24203], Harold 1999:1906 [ref. 24741], Parin & Borodulina 2000:S26 [ref. 26044], Harold 2003:895 [ref. 27001], Menezes et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:46 [ref. 27192], Moore et al. 2003:184 [ref. 27076], Parin & Borodulina 2003:594 [ref. 27333], Mundy 2005:174 [ref. 28379], Harold 2016:1799 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:94 [ref. 37250], Reiner 2019:93 [ref. 38139], Sutton et al. 2020:86 [ref. 37832], Eduardo et al. 2022:6 [ref. 39574], Villarins et al. 2022:31 [ref. 39442], Kimura et al. 2023:[2] 66 [ref. 40372], Page et al. 2023:86 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Astronesthes gemmifer Goode & Bean 1896. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in warm seas. Habitat: marine.

gibbsi, Astronesthes Borodulina [O. D.] 1992:20, Fig. 1a [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 32 (no. 3); ref. 20777] Eastern Pacific off Peru, 7°59'S, 85°33'W, depth 25-60 meters. Holotype: ZMMU P-18550. Paratypes: IOM uncat. (1, 1, 1); ZMMU P-18551 (2) Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:44 [ref. 25714]. On p. 112 of English translation. •Valid as Astronesthes gibbsi Borodulina 1992 -- (Parin & Borodulina 2003:595 [ref. 27333]). Current status: Valid as Astronesthes gibbsi Borodulina 1992. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

gibbsi, Eustomias Johnson [R. K.] & Rosenblatt [R. H.] 1971:307, Fig. 1 [Copeia 1971 (no. 2); ref. 7685] Eastern Philippine Sea [west of Pahan, Northern Marianas, western Pacific], 17°47.7-50.7'N, 143°41.2-50.0'E, depth 0-525 meters. Holotype: SIO 69-354. Paratypes: SIO 61-560 (1), 61-643 (1), 68-537 (1), 70-110 (1), 70-121 (1); USNM 205222 (1). Additional material: SIO 60-252 (1). •Valid as Eustomias gibbsi Johnson & Rosenblatt 1971 -- (Parin & Pokhil'skaya 1974:343 [ref. 7527], Gibbs et al. 1983:100 [ref. 5269], Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741], Mundy 2005:183 [ref. 28379]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias gibbsi Johnson & Rosenblatt 1971. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Pacific, antitropical: Marianas to Hawaiian Islands; between 20°S and 30°S. Habitat: marine.

gibsonpacei, Opostomias Barnard [K. H.] 1948:345, Figs. 1-2 [Annals of the South African Museum v. 36 (pt 5); ref. 13039] About 40 miles west-northwest of Cape Town, South Africa, southeastern Atlantic, depth 220 fathoms. Syntypes: SAM 18770 (1), 19381 (1). •Synonym of Opostomias micripnus (Günther 1878) -- (Gibbs 1986:242 [ref. 5655]). Current status: Synonym of Opostomias micripnus (Günther 1878). Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

gladiator, Nematostomias Zugmayer [E.] 1911:5 [Bulletin de l'Institut Océanographique (Monaco) No. 193; ref. 6161] Bay of Biscay, 44°19'N, 11°19'W, station 3003, depth 0-4900 meters. Holotype (unique): MOM 0091-1130. Type catalog: Belloc 1949:7 [ref. 21544]. Species illustrated and described in more detail in Zugmayer 1911:76, Pl. 3 (fig. 5) [ref. 4846]. •Valid as Leptostomias gladiator (Zugmayer 1911) -- (Morrow 1973:140 [ref. 7175], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:355 [ref. 13675], Gibbs 1986:240 [ref. 5655], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:324 [ref. 14915], Santos et al. 1997:36 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:38 [ref. 24952], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:522 [ref. 23897], Fricke 1999:90 [ref. 24106], Porteiro et al. 1999:31 [ref. 24203], Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741], Harold 2003:912 [ref. 27001], Menezes et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:47 [ref. 27192], Moore et al. 2003:189 [ref. 27076], Fricke et al. 2014:26 [ref. 33932], Parin et al. 2014:149 [ref. 33547], Kenaley & Stewart 2015:511 [ref. 34248], Harold 2016:1814 [ref. 34568], Nión et al. 2016:36 [ref. 35565], Carneiro et al. 2019:100 [ref. 37250], Iglésias et al. 2020:291 [ref. 37987], Sutton et al. 2020:116 [ref. 37832], Bañón & Maño 2021:55 [ref. 38883], Eduardo et al. 2022:6 [ref. 39574], Villarins et al. 2022:55 [ref. 39442], Page et al. 2023:89 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Leptostomias gladiator (Zugmayer 1911). Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Circumglobal, from 56°N to 45°S. Habitat: marine.

globulifer, Eustomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:93, Fig. 76a [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] Caribbean Sea, 14°38'N, 61°16'W, Dana station 1285, depth 0-200 meters (600 meters of wire out). Holotype (unique): ZMUC P201899. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:16 [ref. 9588]. •Status uncertain -- (Gomon & Gibbs 1985:50 [ref. 5268]). •Valid as Eustomias globulifer Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias globulifer Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

globulifer, Melanostomias Fowler [H. W.] 1934:263, Fig. 24 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 85 (for 1933); ref. 1416] West coast of Luzon Island, Philippines, Albatross station 5438, 15°54'42"N, 119°44'42"E, depth 297 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 92339. •Synonym of Melanostomias valdiviae Brauer 1902 -- (Morrow 1973:134 [ref. 7175]). •Valid as Melanostomias globulifer Fowler 1934 -- (Paxton et al. 1989:201 [ref. 12442], Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741], Paxton et al. 2006:448 [ref. 28995]). Current status: Valid as Melanostomias globulifer Fowler 1934. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western Pacific and eastern Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine.

gloriae, Parabathophilus Matallanas [J.] 1984:558, Fig. 1 [Investigación Pesquera (Chile) v. 48 (no. 3); ref. 5831] Western Mediterranean Sea. Holotype (unique): UAB 2510/3. •Synonym of Bathophilus nigerrimus Giglioli 1882 -- (Gibbs & Barnett 1990:310 [ref. 14915] dated 1884). Current status: Synonym of Bathophilus nigerrimus Giglioli 1882. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

gnathoprora, Neonesthes Cohen [D. M.] 1956:81, Figs. 1-3 [Zoologica, Scientific Contributions of the New York Zoological Society v. 41 (pt 2, no. 10); ref. 12186] 9 miles south of Nonsuch Island, Bermuda, about 32°12'N, 64°36'W, depth 900 fathoms. Holotype (unique): CAS-SU 46381 [ex NYZS 12501]. Type catalog: Mead 1958:134 [ref. 20648]. •Synonym of Neonesthes capensis (Gilchrist & von Bonde 1924) -- (Gibbs 1964:349 [ref. 6960], Gibbs & Morrow 1973:128 [ref. 7174], Gibbs 1990:306 [ref. 14899]). Current status: Synonym of Neonesthes capensis (Gilchrist & von Bonde 1924). Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Habitat: marine.

goodyeari, Photostomias Kenaley [C. P.] & Hartel [K. E.] 2005:256, Figs. 1B, 6 [Ichthyological Research v. 52 (no. 3); ref. 28328] North Sargasso Sea, 32°04'N, 64°03'W, depth 978-800 meters. Holotype: MCZ 100833. Paratypes: BMNH 2004.4.28.1 (1); MCZ 53300 (1), 70608 (1), 96738 (1), 100857 (1), 131426 (1), 131443 (1), 131446 (1), 131447 (1), 131487 (1), 131577 (1), 131664 (1), 131676 (1), 131730 (1), 162583 (1), 162910 (1), 162944 (1), 163026 (6), 163042 (1); USNM 376101 (1); ZMUC P2014770 (1). Plus non-type material. •Valid as Photostomias goodyeari Kenaley & Hartel 2005 -- (Hartel et al. 2008:324 [ref. 29890], Kenaley 2009:187 [ref. 30057], Harold 2016:1808 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:103 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:125 [ref. 37832], Eduardo et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39574], Fermon et al. 2022:179 [ref. 39448], Villarins et al. 2022:45 [ref. 39442], Page et al. 2023:89 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Photostomias goodyeari Kenaley & Hartel 2005. Stomiidae: Malacosteinae. Distribution: Atlantic: 40°N south to 5°S, Habitat: marine.

gorodinskii, Photonectes (Trachinostomias) Prokofiev [A. M.] 2015:136, Fig. 3 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 55 (no. 2); ref. 33761] Pacific Ocean, 7°55.7'N, 153°45.4'W, cable depth 1100 meters. Holotype: ZMMU 23281. Paratype: None. Plus additional non-type specimens. •Valid as Photonectes gorodinskii Prokofiev 2015 -- (Prokofiev 2019:450 [ref. 36966]). Current status: Valid as Photonectes gorodinskii Prokofiev 2015. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Pacific Ocean. Habitat: marine.

gracilis, Leptostomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:59, Fig. 38 [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] North Atlantic. Syntypes: BMNH 1929.7.6.10 (1) Dana station 1160 (15°50'N, 26°32'W); ZMUC P201994-96 (3) Dana station 1162 (13°35'N, 30°11'W). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:20 [ref. 9588]. •Questionably a synonym of Leptostomias longibarba Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:356 [ref. 13675]). •See also Pequeño 1989:31 [ref. 14125]. •Valid as Leptostomias gracilis Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Gibbs 1986:240 [ref. 5655], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:325 [ref. 14915], Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741], Harold 2016:1814 [ref. 34568], Sutton et al. 2020:114 [ref. 37832]). Current status: Valid as Leptostomias gracilis Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Circumglobal. Habitat: marine.

gracilis, Photonectes Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.] 1896:112, Pl. 36 (fig. 137) [Special Bulletin U. S. National Museum No. 2; ref. 1848] Off Martinique Island, West Indies, depth 472 fathoms. Holotype (unique): MCZ 28033. •Valid as Photonectes gracilis Goode & Bean 1896 -- (Fujii in Uyeno et al. 1983:154 [ref. 14275], Paxton et al. 1989:202 [ref. 12442], Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741], Hutchins 2001:19 [ref. 25847], Harold 2003:912 [ref. 27001], Paxton et al. 2006:451 [ref. 28995], Fricke et al. 2011:358 [ref. 31242], Klepadlo 2011:202 [ref. 31414] in subgenus Dolichostomias, Prokofiev 2014:379 [ref. 33470], Prokofiev 2016:489 [ref. 34688], Prokofiev & Klepadlo 2019:280 [ref. 36682], Prokofiev 2019:450 [ref. 36966]). Current status: Valid as Photonectes gracilis Goode & Bean 1896. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Atlantic and Indo-West Pacific. Habitat: marine.

gracilis, Stomias Garman [S.] 1899:274 [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 24; ref. 1540] South of Australia. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1887.12.7.223. •Synonym of Stomias boa (Risso 1910), but a valid subspecies -- (Paulin et al. 1989:99 [ref. 24556]). •Valid as Stomias gracilis Garman 1899 -- (Fink & Fink 1986:494 [ref. 5176], Aizawa in Amaoka et al. 1990:118 [ref. 16024], Gon 1990:132 [ref. 21680], Trunov 1999:462 [ref. 24579], Duhamel et al. 2005:132 [ref. 32059], Kenaley & Stewart 2015:490 [ref. 34248]). Current status: Valid as Stomias gracilis Garman 1899. Stomiidae: Stomiinae. Distribution: Southern Hemisphere. Habitat: marine.

grandibulbus, Eustomias Gibbs [R. H., Jr.], Clarke [T. A.] & Gomon [J. R.] 1983:47, Fig. 10e [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 380; ref. 5269] Southeastern Atlantic, 34°25'S, 14°47'E, depth 0-112 meters. Holotype (unique): ISH 1272-1971. Type catalog: Krefft 1987:78 [ref. 20751]. •Valid as Eustomias grandibulbus Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983 -- (Gibbs 1986:239 [ref. 5655], Sutton et al. 2020:108 [ref. 37832]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias grandibulbus Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Southeastern Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

grimaldii, Aristostomias Zugmayer [E.] 1913:1 [Bulletin de l'Institut Océanographique (Monaco) No. 253; ref. 5032] Atlantic, station 3222, depth 0-250 meters. Holotype (unique): MOM 0091-1505. Type catalog: Belloc 1949:7 [ref. 21544]. •Valid as Aristostomias grimaldii Zugmayer 1913 -- (Morrow 1964:533 [ref. 6958], Goodyear 1973:142 [ref. 7176], Fujii in Uyeno et al. 1983:155 [ref. 14275], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:367 [ref. 13675], Goodyear 1990:338 [ref. 14930], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:469 [ref. 23897], Porteiro et al. 1999:8 [ref. 24203], Harold 1999:1917 [ref. 24741] as Aristomias, Harold 2003:903 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:191 [ref. 27076], Mundy 2005:190 [ref. 28379], Harold 2016:1808 [ref. 34568], Nión et al. 2016:36 [ref. 35565], Carneiro et al. 2019:93 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:85 [ref. 37832], Eduardo et al. 2022:6 [ref. 39574], Fermon et al. 2022:179 [ref. 39448] possible, Villarins et al. 2022:40 [ref. 39442], Page et al. 2023:86 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Aristostomias grimaldii Zugmayer 1913. Stomiidae: Malacosteinae. Distribution: Circumglobal, but not in eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

gudrunae, Astronesthes Parin [N. V.] & Borodulina [O. D.] 2002:449, Fig. 9 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 42 (no. 4); ref. 26267] Atlantic, 5°25'N, 35°26'W, depth 350 meters. Holotype: ISH 351-1974. Paratypes: MCZ 56951 (1), 133090 (7), 133129 (1), 133280 (1). •Valid as Astronesthes gudrunae Parin & Borodulina 2002 -- (Parin & Borodulina 2003:595 [ref. 27333], Hartel et al. 2008:322 [ref. 29890], Sutton et al. 2020:92 [ref. 37832], Eduardo et al. 2022:6 [ref. 39574], Villarins et al. 2022:33 [ref. 39442], Page et al. 2023:86 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Astronesthes gudrunae Parin & Borodulina 2002. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic, from 40°N to 4°S. Habitat: marine.

guentheri, Echiostoma Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:117, Fig. 112b [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] Madeira. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1857.7.28.1. Based on Echiostoma barbatum (not Lowe) of Günther 1864:427 [ref. 1974]. •Synonym of Echiostoma barbatum Lowe 1843 -- (Morrow 1973:137 [ref. 7175], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:313 [ref. 14915]). Current status: Synonym of Echiostoma barbatum Lowe 1843. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

guernei, Photostomias Collett [R.] 1889:291 [3] [Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France v. 14 (no. 6); ref. 4875] Azores, northeastern Atlantic, 38°34'30"N, 30°43'30"W, station 111, depth 1138 meters. Holotype (unique): MOM 0091-0050. Type catalog: Belloc 1949:7-8 [ref. 21544]. On p. 3 of separate. •Valid as Photostomias guernei Collett 1889 -- (Morrow 1964:526 [ref. 6958], Goodyear 1973:143 [ref. 7176], Fujii in Okamura et al. 1982:89, 332 [ref. 8256], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:370 [ref. 13675], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:53 [ref. 6441], Scott & Scott 1988:181 [ref. 25518], Pequeño 1989:31 [ref. 14125], McAllister 1990:96 [ref. 14674], Goodyear 1990:340 [ref. 14930], Santos et al. 1997:37 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:39 [ref. 24952], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:475 [ref. 23897], Porteiro et al. 1999:31 [ref. 24203], Harold 1999:1917 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:345 [ref. 25086], Shinohara et al. 2001:298 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:345 [ref. 26001], Harold 2003:903 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:192 [ref. 27076], Kenaley & Hartel 2005:256 [ref. 28328], Shinohara et al. 2005:407 [ref. 28370], see Mundy 2005:191 [ref. 28379], Kenaley 2009:187 [ref. 30057], Bañón et al. 2016:309 [ref. 34397], Harold 2016:1808 [ref. 34568], Schnell & Johnson 2017:5 [ref. 35193], Carneiro et al. 2019:103 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:125 [ref. 37832], Bañón & Maño 2021:55 [ref. 38883], Iglésias et al. 2021:173 [ref. 38818], Fermon et al. 2022:179 [ref. 39448] possible, Page et al. 2023:89 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Photostomias guernei Collett 1889. Stomiidae: Malacosteinae. Distribution: Atlantic [not Pacific]. North Atlantic and Indo-West Pacific [ref. 34568]. Habitat: marine.

haplocaulus, Leptostomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:59, Fig. 37 [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] West of Bermuda, western Atlantic, 33°15'N, 68°20'W, Dana station 1341, depth 75 meters (200 meters of wire out). Holotype (unique): ZMUC P201917. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:20 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Leptostomias haplocaulus Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:355 [ref. 13675], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:326 [ref. 14915], Arruda 1997:38 [ref. 24952], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:523 [ref. 23897], Harold 2003:912 [ref. 27001], Harold 2016:1814 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:101 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:114 [ref. 37832], Page et al. 2023:89 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Leptostomias haplocaulus Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Circumglobal. Habitat: marine.

haplophos, Astronesthes Parin [N. V.] & Borodulina [O. D.] 2002:453, Fig. 12 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 42 (no. 4); ref. 26267] Atlantic, 12°07'N, 23°08'W, depth 2000 meters. Holotype: ISH 2326-1968. Paratypes: ISH 239-1967 (1), 840-1968 (1); MCZ 133134 (1), 133136 (1), 133143 (1); ZMH 10888 (1), 21153 (1). •Valid as Astronesthes haplophos Parin & Borodulina 2002 -- (Parin & Borodulina 2003:595 [ref. 27333], Harold 2016:1799 [ref. 34568], Sutton et al. 2020:93 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:172 [ref. 39448] with question). Current status: Valid as Astronesthes haplophos Parin & Borodulina 2002. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Eastern Atlantic: known only from type locality, 12°07'N 23°08'W. Habitat: marine.

havanae, Bathophilus Barbour [T.] 1942:47, Pl. 21 [Proceedings of the New England Zoölogical Club v. 19; ref. 13192] North Atlantic, 40°38'N, 71°39'W, depth 0-42 fathoms. Holotype: MCZ 35613 (apparently missing). •Synonym of Bathophilus metallicus (Welsh 1923) -- (Morrow 1973:136 [ref. 7175]). •Synonym of Bathophilus vaillanti (Zugmayer 1911) -- (Gibbs & Barnett 1990:311 [ref. 14915]). Current status: Synonym of Bathophilus vaillanti (Zugmayer 1911). Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

heteropogon, Melanostomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:113, Fig. 108b [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] North Atlantic. Syntypes: (2 + 1 juvenile) BMNH 1929.7.6.145 (1) Dana station 1180 (12°11'N, 57°12'W); ZMUC P202013 (1) Dana station 1180 (12°11'N, 57°12'W). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:21 [ref. 9588]. •Synonym of Melanostomias valdiviae Brauer 1902 -- (Morrow 1973:134 [ref. 7175], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:330 [ref. 14915]). Current status: Synonym of Melanostomias valdiviae Brauer 1902. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

hexagonatus, Stomias Garman [S.] 1899:276, Pl. 56 (fig. 5) [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 24; ref. 1540] Off Guatemala south to off Panama, eastern Pacific,5°-10°N, 79°-96°, Albatross stations 3353, 3358, 3361, 3362, 3370, 3383, 3385, 3388 and 3414, depth 134-2232 fathoms. Syntypes: MCZ 28485-87 (1, 1, 1), 60856 (1), 150838-42 (1, 1, 1, 1, 1). •Valid as Stomias hexagonatus Garman 1899. Current status: Valid as Stomias hexagonatus Garman 1899. Stomiidae: Stomiinae. Distribution: Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Guatemala south to Panama. Habitat: marine.

howelli, Bathophilus Barbour [T.] 1942:43, Pl. 19 [Proceedings of the New England Zoölogical Club v. 19; ref. 13191] 23°05'30"N, 79°40'W, Atlantis station 3439, depth 295 fathoms. Holotype (unique): MCZ 35572. •Synonym of Bathophilus schizochirus Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Gibbs & Barnett 1990:311 [ref. 14915]). Current status: Synonym of Bathophilus schizochirus Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

hulleyi, Eustomias Gomon [J. R.] & Gibbs [R. H., Jr.] 1985:37, Figs. 13a-b [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 409; ref. 5268] Southeastern Sargasso Sea, 23°46'N, 58°59'W, depth 0-1200 meters. Holotype: ISH 3295 -1979. Paratypes: ISH 3300 -1979 (1), 3297-1979 (4); USNM 258834 (2), 265170 (1). Type catalog: Krefft 1987:77 [ref. 20751]. •Valid as Eustomias hulleyi Gomon & Gibbs 1985 -- (Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias hulleyi Gomon & Gibbs 1985. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

hypopsilus, Eustomias Gomon [J. R.] & Gibbs [R. H., Jr.] 1985:19, Figs. 2 e-f [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 409; ref. 5268] Northwestern Atlantic, 27°00'N, 86°00'W, depth 0-200 meters. Holotype: USNM 223639. Paratypes: MCZ 48889 (3), 48940 (5?), 56598 (1); USNM 224118-23 (1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1), 224125-26 (22, 4), 224127 (5, 1 c&s). •Valid as Eustomias hypopsilus Gomon & Gibbs 1985 -- (Boschung 1992:69 [ref. 23239], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:502 [ref. 23897], Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001], Page et al. 2023:88 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias hypopsilus Gomon & Gibbs 1985. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Northwestern Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

ignotus, Eustomias Gomon [J. R.] & Gibbs [R. H., Jr.] 1985:21, Fig. 2g [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 409; ref. 5268] South Atlantic off southern Brazil, 32°44'S, 48°43'W, depth 0-580 meters. Holotype (unique): ISH 907-1966. Type catalog: Krefft 1987:77 [ref. 20751]. •Valid as Eustomias ignotus Gomon & Gibbs 1985. Current status: Valid as Eustomias ignotus Gomon & Gibbs 1985. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Southwestern Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

ijimai, Astronesthes Tanaka [S.] 1908:9, Pl. 1 (fig. 1) [Journal of the College of Science. Imperial University, Tokyo v. 23 (art. 13); ref. 4321] Sagami Sea, Japan. Syntypes: (5) ?FMNH 89100 [ex CM 4610] (10). Type catalog: Ibarra & Stewart 1987:12 [ref. 12367]. •Valid as Astronesthes ijimai Tanaka 1908 -- (Parin & Borodulina 1994:465 [ref. 22912], Nakabo 2000:327 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:326 [ref. 26001], Parin & Borodulina 2003:594 [ref. 27333], Shinohara et al. 2005:406 [ref. 28370], Paxton et al. 2006:436 [ref. 28995], Larson et al. 2013:45 [ref. 32988], Misawa et al. 2020:271 [ref. 38138]). Current status: Valid as Astronesthes ijimai Tanaka 1908. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Western Pacific. Habitat: marine.

illuminatus, Astronesthes Parin [N. V.], Borodulina [O. D.] & Hulley [P. A.] 1999:589 [565], Fig. 6 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 39 (no. 5); ref. 24878] 31°01'S, 47°39'E, depth 2000 meters. Holotype: ISH 1553-1968. Paratypes: ISH 561-1976 (3), 721-1976 (2), 1957-1968 (1), 1386-1971 (5), 679-1976 (5), 561-1976 (2); USNM 348597 (1), 348599 (1). Plus additional material. On p. 565 of English translation. The gender of Astronesthes is feminine, and illuminatus an adjective; therefore ending illuminata is correct. •Valid as Astronesthes illuminatus Parin, Borodulina & Hulley 1999 -- (Parin & Borodulina 2001:419 [ref. 25411], Parin & Borodulina 2003:595 [ref. 27333], Stewart & Kenaley 2015:476 [ref. 34250], Sutton et al. 2020:90 [ref. 37832]). •Valid as Astronesthes illuminata Parin, Borodulina & Hulley 1999. Current status: Valid as Astronesthes illuminata Parin, Borodulina & Hulley 1999. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Circumglobal, but not in Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine.

inconstans, Eustomias Gibbs [R. H., Jr.], Clarke [T. A.] & Gomon [J. R.] 1983:37, Figs. 5b-d [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 380; ref. 5269] Central North Pacific [west of O'ahu, Hawaiian Islands], 21°20'N, 158°20'W, depth 0-150 meters. Holotype: USNM 223756. Paratypes: BPBM 26411 (1), 26414 (1); USNM 223757 (1), 223760-61 (1, 1), 223763 (1). Additional material: USNM. •Valid as Eustomias inconstans Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983 -- (Mundy 2005:184 [ref. 28379]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias inconstans Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine.

indicus, Astronesthes Brauer [A.] 1902:287 [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 25 (no. 668); ref. 631] Between Zanzibar (Tanzania) and Seychelles, western Indian Ocean, 5°12'05"S, 46°32'03"E, Valdivia station 238, depth 3000 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMB 17433 (apparently lost). Holotype apparently lost; neotype designated by Parin & Borodulina 1996:586 [ref. 23199] as ZIN 51051, from southeast of Sri Lanka, 5°09'N, 86°18'E, 1000 m. The gender of Astronesthes is feminine, and indicus an adjective; therefore ending indica is correct. •Valid as Astronesthes indicus Brauer 1902 -- (Gibbs 1964:322 [ref. 6960], Gibbs & Morrow 1973:127 [ref. 7174], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:328 [ref. 13675], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:49 [ref. 6441], Gibbs 1986:232 [ref. 5655], Paxton et al. 1989:195 [ref. 12442], Pequeño 1989:31 [ref. 14125], Parin & Borodulina 1996:584 [ref. 23199], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:453 [ref. 23897], Fricke 1999:89 [ref. 24106], Harold 1999:1906 [ref. 24741], Savinykh & Balanov 1999:422 [ref. 24871], Randall & Lim in Randall & Lim 2000:591 [ref. 25122], Hutchins 2001:19 [ref. 25847], Shinohara et al. 2001:297 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:326 [ref. 26001], Parin & Borodulina 2003:596 [ref. 27333], Mundy 2005:174 [ref. 28379], Paxton et al. 2006:436 [ref. 28995], Fricke et al. 2011:357 [ref. 31242], Harold 2016:1799 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:94 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:88 [ref. 37832], Page et al. 2023:86 [ref. 40505]). •Valid as Astronesthes indica Brauer 1902 -- (Nakabo 2000:326 [ref. 25086], Shinohara et al. 2005:406 [ref. 28370], Liao et al. 2006:523 [ref. 29419]). Current status: Valid as Astronesthes indica Brauer 1902. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Circumglobal. Habitat: marine.

indicus, Dactylostomias ater Brauer [A.] 1902:287 [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 25 (no. 668); ref. 631] Chagos Archipelago, Indian Ocean, 4°05'08"S, 73°24'08"E, Valdivia station 22, depth 2260 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMB (whereabouts unknown). Type: ?ZMB 17450 (1), ?32367 (1). •Valid as Bathophilus indicus (Brauer 1902) -- (Gibbs 1986:237 [ref. 5655] but wrong date/reference, Paxton et al. 1989:198 [ref. 12442], Fricke 1999:89 [ref. 24106], Hutchins 2001:19 [ref. 25847], Paxton et al. 2006:444 [ref. 28995]). Current status: Valid as Bathophilus indicus (Brauer 1902). Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine.

indicus, Diplostomias Kotthaus [A.] 1967:33, Figs. 53-55 [Meteor Forschungsergebnisse. Reihe D, Biologie No. 1; ref. 2668] East-southeast of Mombasa, Kenya, 5°00.8'S, 42°08.2'E to 5°02.5'S, 42°10'E, station 167, depth about 450 meters. Holotype: ZMH 4899 [ex IOES 26]. Type catalog: Wilkens & Dohse 1993:411 [ref. 21161]. •Synonym of Eustomias bifilis Gibbs 1960 -- (Gibbs et al. 1983:10 [ref. 5269]). Current status: Synonym of Eustomias bifilis Gibbs 1960. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

indicus, Malacosteus Günther [A.] 1878:181 [14] [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 5) v. 2 (nos 7/8/9)(art. 2/22/28); ref. 2010] Pacific near Philippines, Challenger station 214, 4°33'N, 127°06'E, depth 500 fathoms. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1887.12.7.227. On p. 14 of separate. See also Günther 1887:214, Pl. 54 (fig. B) [ref. 2013]. •Valid as Malacosteus indicus Günther 1878 -- (Harold 1999:1917 [ref. 24741]). •Synonym of Malacosteus niger Ayres 1848 -- (Morrow 1964:547 [ref. 6958], Goodyear 1990:339 [ref. 14930], Kenaley 2007:890 [ref. 29441]). Current status: Synonym of Malacosteus niger Ayres 1848. Stomiidae: Malacosteinae. Distribution: Cosmopolitan [if valid]. Habitat: marine.

indopacificus, Astronesthes Parin [N. V.] & Borodulina [O. D.] 1997:781, Fig. 4 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 37 (no. 6); ref. 23751] North Pacific, 0°18'N, 150°12'W, depth 375 meters. Holotype: USNM 256917. Paratypes: AMS I.28740.023 (1), I.28741.019 (1), I.91139 (1); BMNH 1984.1.1.20 (2); USNM 203634 (1), 256917 (1), 256923 (1); ZIN 51285-86 (1, 1); ZMMU P-20220-35 (1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1). Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:46-47 [ref. 25714]. The gender of Astronesthes is feminine, and indopacificus an adjective; therefore ending indopacifica is correct. •Valid as Astronesthes indopacificus Parin & Borodulina 1997 -- (Parin & Borodulina 2003:595 [ref. 27333], Mundy 2005:175 [ref. 28379], Paxton et al. 2006:436 [ref. 28995], Stewart & Kenaley 2015:477 [ref. 34250]). •Valid as Astronesthes indopacifica Parin & Borodulina 1997 -- (Nakabo 2000:329 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:329 [ref. 26001], Shinohara et al. 2005:406 [ref. 28370], Liao et al. 2006:520 [ref. 29419]). Current status: Valid as Astronesthes indopacifica Parin & Borodulina 1997. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific. Habitat: marine.

insularum, Eustomias Clarke [T. A.] 1998:682, Fig. 2B [Copeia 1998 (no. 3); ref. 23419] North Atlantic, 16°08'N, 22°22'W, Walther Herwig Sta. 11-III/68, depth 560-580 meters. Holotype: ISH 525-1968. Paratypes: ISH 307-1966 (1), 2785-1971 (1); MCZ 96169 (1). •Valid as Eustomias insularum Clarke 1998 -- (Harold 2016:1813 [ref. 34568], Sutton et al. 2020:100 [ref. 37832]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias insularum Clarke 1998. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: North Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

intacta, Bathysphaera Beebe [W.] 1932:175, Fig. [Bulletin of the New York Zoological Society v. 35 (no. 5); ref. 5015] 5 miles southeast of Nonsuch Island, Bermuda, 32°17'N, 64°36'W, depth 2100 feet. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

intermedius, Eustomias Clarke [T. A.] 1998:680, Fig. 2A [Copeia 1998 (no. 3); ref. 23419] Atlantic, 8°11'S, 14°12'W, Walther Herwig Sta. 463-III/71, depth 632-640 meters. Holotype: ISH 2028-1971. Paratypes: ISH 3493-1971 (2), USNM 346093 (1). •Valid as Eustomias intermedius Clarke 1998 -- (Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001], Wirtz et al. 2014:4 [ref. 33516], Harold 2016:1813 [ref. 34568], Sutton et al. 2020:101 [ref. 37832]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias intermedius Clarke 1998. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

intermedius, Photonectes Parr [A. E.] 1927:109, Figs. 57-58 [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 3 (art. 2); ref. 3367] Near Bermuda, 32°24'N, 64°29'W, 5000 feet wire out and 10000 feet wire out. Syntypes: YPM 2100 (2), 2101 (1). Type catalog: Moore & Boardman 1991:18 [ref. 16741]. •Synonym of Photonectes margarita (Goode & Bean 1896) -- (Gibbs & Barnett 1990:335 [ref. 14915], Prokofiev 2019:450 [ref. 36966]). Current status: Synonym of Photonectes margarita (Goode & Bean 1896). Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

interruptus, Eustomias Clarke [T. A.] 1999:1006, Fig. 1C [Copeia 1999 (no. 4); ref. 24186] Pacific, 30°25.8'N, 143°58.8'E, depth 702-851 meters. Holotype: NSMT-P49533. Paratypes: NSMT-P 49535-36 (1, 1); SIO 97-114 (1); plus non-types. •Valid as Eustomias interruptus Clarke 1999 -- (Nakabo 2000:339 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:339 [ref. 26001]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias interruptus Clarke 1999. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western North Pacific. Habitat: marine.

ioani, Eustomias Parin [N. V.] & Pokhil'skaya [G. N.] 1974:352, Fig. 18 [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 96; ref. 7527] Northwestern Pacific north of 20°N, Marcus Island, 31°02'N, 150°31'E, depth estimated at 100 meters, 350 meters wire out. Holotype: ZIN 41533. Paratypes: IOM uncat. (1). •Valid as Eustomias ioani Parin & Pokhil'skaya 1974 -- (Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:53 [ref. 6441], Gomon & Gibbs 1985:40 [ref. 5268], Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:339 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:339 [ref. 26001], Mundy 2005:184 [ref. 28379], Prokofiev & Orlov 2022:241 [ref. 39047] in subgenus Biradiostomias). Current status: Valid as Eustomias ioani Parin & Pokhil'skaya 1974. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western and Central North Pacific: Japan to Emperor Seamounts (Hawaiian Ridge). Habitat: marine.

irregularis, Bathophilus Norman [J. R.] 1930:311, Fig. 21 [Discovery Reports v. 2; ref. 3219] 32°45'00"S, 8°47'00"W, South Atlantic, depth 650 meters. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1930.1.2.522. •Valid as Bathophilus irregularis Norman 1930 -- (Gibbs & Barnett 1990:309 [ref. 14915], Harold 2016:1813 [ref. 34568], Sutton et al. 2020:96 [ref. 37832]). Current status: Valid as Bathophilus irregularis Norman 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Circumglobal. Habitat: marine.

istiophasma, Bathyembryx Beebe [W.] 1934:190, Fig. [Bulletin of the New York Zoological Society v. 37 (no. 6); ref. 247] 6 1/2 miles south by east of Nonsuch Island, Bermuda, depth 1500 & 2500 feet. No types. Status uncertain; no specimens collected (seen from a bathysphere). Stomiidae: Stomiinae. Habitat: marine.

jacobssoni, Rhadinesthes Nybelin [O.] 1946:2, Fig. 2 [Arkiv för Zoologi v. 38 B (no. 2) (for 1947); ref. 3233] Atlantic, 38°25-26'N, 10°23-48'W. Holotype (unique): NHMG pi. ex. 1354. •Synonym of Rhadinesthes decimus (Zugmayer 1911) -- (Gibbs 1964:345 [ref. 6960], Gibbs & Morrow 1973:129 [ref. 7174], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:334 [ref. 13675], Gibbs 1990:307 [ref. 14899]). Current status: Synonym of Rhadinesthes decimus (Zugmayer 1911). Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Habitat: marine.

jimcraddocki, Eustomias Sutton [T. T.] & Hartel [K. E.] 2004:117, Figs. 1A, 2A-B [Copeia 2004 (no. 1); ref. 27508] Western North Atlantic, over Munson Canyon, 40°20-22'N, 66°41-44'W, depth 0-809 meters over depth of 2230-2483 meters. Holotype: MCZ 162290. Paratypes: MCZ 82661 (1), 153127 (1), 155482 (1), 155487 (3), 155489 (1), 162851-52 (1, 1); USNM 263076-77 (1, 1), 263079 (1), 323066 (1). •Valid as Eustomias jimcraddocki Sutton & Hartel 2004 -- (Hartel et al. 2008:323 [ref. 29890], Page et al. 2023:88 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias jimcraddocki Sutton & Hartel 2004. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Northwestern Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

karsteni, Astronesthes Parin [N. V.] & Borodulina [O. D.] 2002:446, Fig. 7 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 42 (no. 4); ref. 26267] Atlantic, 19°11'N, 21°58'W, depth 460 meters. Holotype: ISH 302-1966. Paratypes: MCZ 133118 (1). •Valid as Astronesthes karsteni Parin & Borodulina 2002 -- (Parin & Borodulina 2003:595 [ref. 27333], Harold 2016:1799 [ref. 34568], Sutton et al. 2020:91 [ref. 37832]). Current status: Valid as Astronesthes karsteni Parin & Borodulina 2002. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Eastern central Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

kikimora, Eustomias (Triclonostomias) Prokofiev [A. M.] 2015:101, Fig. 1a [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 55 (no. 1); ref. 33690] North Atlantic, 23°09'05"N, 26°06′01"W, depth 200 - 0 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMMU 23267. •Valid as Eustomias kikimora Prokofiev 2015. Current status: Valid as Eustomias kikimora Prokofiev 2015. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: North Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

kingi, Bathophilus Barnett [M. A.] & Gibbs [R. H., Jr.] 1968:830 [Copeia 1968 (no. 4); ref. 7863] Central Pacific, 1°34'S, 133°27.5'W to 1°44.9'S, 133°44'W. Holotype: SIO 60-229 [not 299]. Paratypes: SIO 65-665 (2); USNM 201938-41 (1, 1, 1, 1), 202718 (1). •Valid as Bathophilus kingi Barnett & Gibbs 1968 -- (Pequeño 1989:31 [ref. 14125], Nakabo 2000:332 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:332 [ref. 26001], Mundy 2005:180 [ref. 28379]). Current status: Valid as Bathophilus kingi Barnett & Gibbs 1968. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Hawaiian Islands to southeastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

kiyofujii, Astronesthes Nakayama [N.], Ohashi [S.] & Tanaka [F.] 2021:Figs. [Ichthyological Research v. 69 (no. 1); ref. 38275] Off Palau, Western Pacific. Holotype (unique): IORD. •Valid as Astronesthes kiyofujii Nakayama, Ohashi & Tanaka 2021. Current status: Valid as Astronesthes kiyofujii Nakayama, Ohashi & Tanaka 2021. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Palau. Habitat: marine.

klepadloae, Photonectes Prokofiev [A. M.] & Frable [B. W.] 2021:721, Figs. [Ichthyology & Herpetology v. 109 (no. 3); ref. 38606] Off Hawaiian Islands, central north Pacific. Holotype (unique). •Valid as Photonectes klepadloae Prokofiev & Frable 2021 -- (Prokofiev & Frable 2023:490 [ref. 39937]). Current status: Valid as Photonectes klepadloae Prokofiev & Frable 2021. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Central Pacific: Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.). Habitat: marine.

kreffti, Astronesthes Gibbs [R. H., Jr.] & McKinney [J. F.] 1988:6, Fig. 3 [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 460; ref. 6628] South Atlantic, 39°55'S, 26°02'W, depth 0-200 meters. Holotype: ISH 839 -1971. Paratypes: ISH 1022-1971 (1), 1042-1971 (1), 3441-1971 (1); USNM 270300 (1), 270305 (1). Additional material: LACM, MCZ, NMNZ, NSMT, TMH, and USNM. •Valid as Astronesthes kreffti Gibbs & McKinney 1988 -- (Aizawa in Amaoka et al. 1990:119 [ref. 16024], Parin & Borodulina 2003:595 [ref. 27333], Paxton et al. 2006:436 [ref. 28995], Stewart & Kenaley 2015:478 [ref. 34250], Sutton et al. 2020:89 [ref. 37832]). Current status: Valid as Astronesthes kreffti Gibbs & McKinney 1988. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Southern circumglobal. Habitat: marine.

kreffti, Eustomias Gibbs [R. H., Jr.], Clarke [T. A.] & Gomon [J. R.] 1983:80, Fig. 20c [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 380; ref. 5269] Atlantic, 4°34'N, 19°39'W, depth 0-104 meters. Holotype: ISH 2343-1971. Paratypes: IOM uncat. (1); ISH 562-1974 (1), 656-1974 (1), 1855-1966 (1); USNM 223715 (1), 223718 (1), 223723 (1), 225163 (1). Type catalog: Krefft 1987:78 [ref. 20751]. •Valid as Eustomias kreffti Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983 -- (Gibbs & Barnett 1990:318 [ref. 14915], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:503 [ref. 23897], Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001], Menezes et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:47 [ref. 27192], Harold 2016:1813 [ref. 34568], Sutton et al. 2020:108 [ref. 37832], Page et al. 2023:88 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias kreffti Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

kukuevi, Eustomias (Neostomias) Prokofiev [A. M.] 2018:7, Fig. 3 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 58 (no. 1); ref. 35845] Southern subtropical waters, 23°01'S, 12°25'E. Holotype (unique): ZMMU 23827. •Valid as Eustomias (Neostomias) kukuevi Prokofiev 2018. Current status: Valid as Eustomias kukuevi Prokofiev 2018. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Southern subtropical waters. Habitat: marine.

lamellosus, Astronesthes Goodyear [R. H.] & Gibbs [R. H., Jr.] 1970:113, Fig. 2C, 3 [Archiv für Fischereiwissenschaft v. 20 (nos 2/3) (Dec. 1969); ref. 7424] Arabian Sea, 17°46'N, 65°02'E, Anton Bruun cruise 6, station 328B, depth 0-468 meters. Holotype: USNM 200885. Paratypes: IHF 1008 a-c (1, 1, 2); MCZ 46363-5 (6, 9, 1); ZMUC P202732 (1), P204457-58 (2); USNM 200886-88 (8, 6, 1), 203627-28 (1, 1). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:26 [ref. 9588]. The gender of Astronesthes is feminine, and lamellosus an adjective; therefore ending lamellosa is correct. •Valid as Astronesthes lamellosus Goodyear & Gibbs 1970 -- (Parin & Borodulina 1997:780 [ref. 23751], Parin & Borodulina 2003:595 [ref. 27333], Liao et al. 2006:520 [ref. 29419]). •Valid as Astronesthes lamellosa Goodyear & Gibbs 1970. Current status: Valid as Astronesthes lamellosa Goodyear & Gibbs 1970. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine.

lampara, Astronesthes Parin [N. V.] & Borodulina [O. D.] 1998:169 [159], Fig. 5 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 38 (no. 2); ref. 24177] Eastern Pacific, 12°24'S, 81°23'W, depth 100 meters. Holotype: ZIN 51529. Paratypes: USNM 256996 (1), 257252 (1), 301076-77 (1, 1); ZIN uncat. (1), 51530 (1); ZMMU P-20322-32 (1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 3, 3, 2, 3). Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:46 [ref. 25714]. On p. 159 of English translation. •Valid as Astronesthes lampara Parin & Borodulina 1998 -- (Parin & Borodulina 1998:695 [ref. 24685], Parin & Borodulina 2003:595 [ref. 27333], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:251 [ref. 28944]). Current status: Valid as Astronesthes lampara Parin & Borodulina 1998. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

lampropeltis, Stomias Gibbs [R. H., Jr.] 1969:4, Figs. 1-2 [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology v. 31; ref. 14912] Syntypes: MNHN. Replacement name for Stomias colubrinus orientalis Blache 1963, preoccupied by Microdontostomias orientalis Fowler 1934 when both are in Stomias. •Valid as Stomias lampropeltis Gibbs 1969 -- (Fink & Fink 1986:494 [ref. 5176], Gibbs 1990:298 [ref. 14899], Harold 2016:1818 [ref. 34568], Reiner 2019:98 [ref. 38139], Sutton et al. 2020:126 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:172 [ref. 39448]). Replacement Name. Current status: Valid as Stomias lampropeltis Gibbs 1969. Stomiidae: Stomiinae. Distribution: Eastern Atlantic: Western Sahara south to Angola, including São Tomé and Principe; southern-central Atlantic: Saint Helena area. Habitat: marine.

lanceolatus, Eustomias Clarke [T. A.] 1999:1009, Fig. 2E [Copeia 1999 (no. 4); ref. 24186] Atlantic, 10°52'N, 22°09'W, depth 592-608 meters. Holotype: ISH 2616-1971. Paratypes: USNM 355576 (1). •Valid as Eustomias lanceolatus Clarke 1999 -- (Harold 2016:1813 [ref. 34568], Sutton et al. 2020:103 [ref. 37832]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias lanceolatus Clarke 1999. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

leptobolus, Eustomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:94, Fig. 77a [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] Between Florida and Cuba, Caribbean Sea, 23°13'N, 82°21'W, Dana station 1230, depth 0-400 meters (800 meters of wire out). Holotype (unique): ZMUC P201900. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:16 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Eustomias leptobolus Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Gomon & Gibbs 1985:44 [ref. 5268], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:504 [ref. 23897], Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001], Prokofiev & Orlov 2022:241 [ref. 39047], Page et al. 2023:88 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias leptobolus Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

leptobolus, Leptostomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:60, Fig. 40 [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] North Atlantic. Syntypes: BMNH 1929.7.6.12 (1) Dana station 1185 (17°41'N,60°58'W); ZMUC P201997 (1) Dana station 1184 (15°08'N, 61°31'W). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:20 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Leptostomias leptobolus Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:524 [ref. 23897], Harold 2003:912 [ref. 27001], Kenaley & Stewart 2015:512 [ref. 34248], Carneiro et al. 2019:101 [ref. 37250], Page et al. 2023:89 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Leptostomias leptobolus Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: North Atlantic; southwestern Pacific: New Zealand EEZ. Habitat: marine.

leucopogon, Astronesthes Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1929:22, Pl. 2 (fig. 2) [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 5); ref. 3680] North Atlantic. Syntypes: (3) BMNH 1929.1.4.107 (?1); ZMUC P202558 (1). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:27 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Astronesthes leucopogon Regan & Trewavas 1929 -- (Gibbs 1964:324 [ref. 6960], Gibbs & Morrow 1973:127 [ref. 7174], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:328 [ref. 13675], Scott & Scott 1988:174 [ref. 25518], McAllister 1990:93 [ref. 14674], Gibbs 1990:302 [ref. 14899], Parin & Borodulina 2000:S15 [ref. 26044], Harold 2003:895 [ref. 27001], Menezes et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:46 [ref. 27192], Moore et al. 2003:185 [ref. 27076], Parin & Borodulina 2003:595 [ref. 27333], Harold 2016:1799 [ref. 34568], Brown et al. 2019:158 [ref. 36444], Carneiro et al. 2019:94 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:91 [ref. 37832], Page et al. 2023:86 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Astronesthes leucopogon Regan & Trewavas 1929. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

leucopterus, Stomias Eydoux [J. F. T.] & Souleyet [F. A.] 1850:193, Pl. 7 (fig. 4) [Voyage autour du monde; ref. 4501] Atlantic. •Synonym of Astronesthes niger Richardson 1845 -- (Gibbs 1964:329 [ref. 6960], Parin & Borodulina 2002:442 [ref. 26267] with question). •Synonym of Astronesthes nigra Richardson 1845. Current status: Synonym of Astronesthes nigra Richardson 1845. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Habitat: marine.

leucospilus, Photonectes Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:121, Fig. 115a [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] North Atlantic. Syntypes: BMNH 1929.7.6.173 (1); ZMUC P202063 (1). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:23 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Photonectes leucospilus Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Gibbs & Barnett 1990:334 [ref. 14915], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:536 [ref. 23897], Harold 2003:912 [ref. 27001], Klepadlo 2011:202 [ref. 31414] in subgenus Melanonectes, Harold 2016:1815 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:103 [ref. 37250], Prokofiev 2019:450 [ref. 36966], Sutton et al. 2020:123 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:178 [ref. 39448] possible, Page et al. 2023:89 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Photonectes leucospilus Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

liemi, Photostomias Kenaley [C. P.] 2009:179, Figs. 1B, 2B [Copeia 2009 (no. 1); ref. 30057] Central North Pacific, off Kona, Hawaii, depth 0-762 meters. Holotype: MCZ 49151. Paratypes: many at AMS, SIO, USNM. •Valid as Photostomias liemi Kenaley 2009. Current status: Valid as Photostomias liemi Kenaley 2009. Stomiidae: Malacosteinae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean, Pacific: Indonesia east to eastern central Pacific, north to Japan, south to Coral Sea. Habitat: marine.

lipochirus, Eustomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:95, Fig. 80a [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] Near St. Croix Island, Caribbean Sea, 17°43'N, 64°56'W, Dana station 1273, depth 275 meters (800 meters of wire out). Holotype (unique): ZMUC P 201901. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:16 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Eustomias lipochirus Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Gibbs 1986:239 [ref. 5655], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:318 [ref. 14915], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:505 [ref. 23897], Clarke 2001:685 [ref. 25448], Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001], Harold 2016:1813 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:98 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:99 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:176 [ref. 39448], Page et al. 2023:88 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias lipochirus Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Circumglobal. Habitat: marine.

litvinovi, Photonectes Prokofiev [A. M.] 2014:380, Fig. 1d [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 54 (no. 4); ref. 33470] Molucca Sea, 2°20'N, 128°12'E, depth 1000 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMMU 23227. •Valid as Photonectes litvinovi Prokofiev 2014 -- (Prokofiev 2019:450 [ref. 36966], Prokofiev & Frable 2023:493 [ref. 39937]). Current status: Valid as Photonectes litvinovi Prokofiev 2014. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Seychelles; Maluku (Indonesia). Habitat: marine.

longibarba, Leptostomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:60, Pl. 1 (fig. 3); Fig. 39 [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] North Atlantic. Syntypes: BMNH 1929.7.6.11 (1) Dana station 830 (24°44'N, 22°32'W); ZMUC P201998 (1) Dana station 1171 (8°19'N, 44°35'W). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:20 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Leptostomias longibarba Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Morrow 1973:140 [ref. 7175], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:356 [ref. 13675], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:326 [ref. 14915], Harold 2003:912 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:190 [ref. 27076], Harold 2016:1814 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:101 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:115 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:177 [ref. 39448] possible, Page et al. 2023:89 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Leptostomias longibarba Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: North Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

longibarbatus, Macrostomias Brauer [A.] 1902:283 [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 25 (no. 668); ref. 631] Gulf of Guinea, eastern Atlantic, Valdivia station 57, depth 1800 meters; off East African coast, western Indian Ocean, Valdivia station 261. Syntypes: (Valdivia St. 57, 1, whereabouts unknown), ZMB 17446 (1, Valdivia St. 261). •Valid as Macrostomias longibarbatus Brauer 1902 -- (Morrow 1973:133 [ref. 7175], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:339 [ref. 13675], Gibbs 1986:229 [ref. 5655], Paxton et al. 1989:206 [ref. 12442], Pequeño 1989:31 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:99 [ref. 24556], Fricke 1999:90 [ref. 24106]). •Valid as Stomias longibarbatus (Brauer 1902) -- (Fink & Fink 1986:494 [ref. 5176], Gibbs 1990:298 [ref. 14899], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:544 [ref. 23897], Harold 1999:1908 [ref. 24741], Harold 2003:906 [ref. 27001], Menezes et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:48 [ref. 27192], Moore et al. 2003:186 [ref. 27076], Mundy 2005:178 [ref. 28379], Paxton et al. 2006:442 [ref. 28995], Kenaley & Stewart 2015:491 [ref. 34248], Harold 2016:1818 [ref. 34568], Nión et al. 2016:36 [ref. 35565], Carneiro et al. 2019:104 [ref. 37250], Reiner 2019:98 [ref. 38139], Sutton et al. 2020:126 [ref. 37832], Eduardo et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39574], Fermon et al. 2022:172 [ref. 39448], Villarins et al. 2022:39 [ref. 39442], Page et al. 2023:90 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Stomias longibarbatus (Brauer 1902). Stomiidae: Stomiinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical through temperate seas. Habitat: marine.

longibarbus, Eustomias Parr [A. E.] 1927:64, Figs. 35, 36B [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 3 (art. 2); ref. 3367] Tongue of the Ocean, Bahamas. Syntypes: YPM 2037 (1), 2038 (1). Type catalog: Moore & Boardman 1991:18 [ref. 16741]. •Valid as Eustomias longibarba Parr 1927 -- (Morrow 1973:139 [ref. 7175], Parin & Pokhil'skaya 1974:342 [ref. 7527], Gibbs et al. 1983:102 [ref. 5269], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:349 [ref. 13675], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:318 [ref. 14915], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:506 [ref. 23897], Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001], Menezes et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:47 [ref. 27192], Harold 2016:1813 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:98 [ref. 37250], Koeda & Ho 2019:105 [ref. 37152], Sutton et al. 2020:109 [ref. 37832], Page et al. 2023:88 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias longibarba Parr 1927. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Atlantic, possibly circumglobal [ref. 34568]. Habitat: marine.

longiceps, Astronesthes Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1929:23, Fig. 15 [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 5); ref. 3680] North Atlantic, Dana station 1058, 29°24'N, 48°08'W, depth 3 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMUC P201890. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:27 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Astronesthes longiceps Regan & Trewavas 1929 -- (Gibbs 1964:325 [ref. 6960]). •Synonym of Astronesthes leucopogon Regan & Trewavas 1920 -- (Parin & Borodulina 2000:S16 [ref. 26044], Harold 2003:895 [ref. 27001]). Current status: Synonym of Astronesthes leucopogon Regan & Trewavas 1929. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Habitat: marine.

longifilis, Gnathostomias Pappenheim [P.] 1914:172 [Deutsche Südpolar-Expedition 1901-1903 v. 15 (Zoologie v. 7); ref. 3361] North Atlantic, northwestern Cape Verde Islands, 24°41'N, 32°21'W, depth 20 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMB 19304. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

longipes, Bathophilus Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:66, Pl. 4 (fig. 3) [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] Gulf of Mexico; Caribbean Sea; N. Atlantic. Syntypes: BMNH 1929.7.6.24-27 (4); ZMUC P201939-40 (2), 201955-64 (10). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:13 [ref. 9588]. •Synonym of Bathophilus digitatus (Welsh 1923) -- (Morrow 1973:136 [ref. 7175], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:309 [ref. 14915], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:485 [ref. 23897]). •Valid as Bathophilus longipes Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Harold 2016:1813 [ref. 34568]). Current status: Valid as Bathophilus longipes Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Circumglobal. Habitat: marine.

longipinnis, Melanostomias Pappenheim [P.] 1914:170, Fig. 1 [Deutsche Südpolar-Expedition 1901-1903 v. 15 (Zoologie v. 7); ref. 3361] Eastern Atlantic [ca. 1,100 kilometers northwest of Cape Verde Islands], 24°41'N, 32°21'W. Holotype (unique): ZMB 19303. •Valid as Bathophilus longipinnis (Pappenheim 1914) (often dated 1912) -- (Gibbs 1986:237 [ref. 5655], Paxton et al. 1989:198 [ref. 12442], Pequeño 1989:31 [ref. 14125], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:309 [ref. 14915], Fricke 1999:89 [ref. 24106], Harold 1999:1912 [ref. 24741], Randall & Lim in Randall & Lim 2000:591 [ref. 25122], Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:187 [ref. 27076], Mundy 2005:180 [ref. 28379], Paxton et al. 2006:444 [ref. 28995], Harold 2016:1813 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:95 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:95 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:174 [ref. 39448] possible, Page et al. 2023:87 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Bathophilus longipinnis (Pappenheim 1914). Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Circumglobal, except not eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

longipinnis, Stomias Osório [B.] 1917:110, Pl. 2 (fig. 1) [= Pl. 30 (fig. 1)] [Arquivo da Universidade de Lisboa v. 4; ref. 3318] Northeast of Essaouira [Mogador], Morocco, depth 200 fathoms. Syntypes: MB (2, destroyed by fire 1978). Stomiidae: Stomiinae. Habitat: marine.

longiramis, Eustomias Clarke [T. A.] 2001:691, Fig. 3B [Copeia 2001 (no. 3); ref. 25448] Central North Pacific, near Hawaii, U.S.A., depth 0-95 meters. Holotype: USNM 322654. Paratypes: SIO 96-12 (1), 96-13 (1); USNM 321967 (1), 322422 (1), 322442 (1),, 322655 (1), 322878 (1); plus nontype material. •Valid as Eustomias longiramis Clarke 2001 -- (Mundy 2005:184 [ref. 28379]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias longiramis Clarke 2001. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Hawaiian Islands to equator at 143°W. Habitat: marine.

lucberti, Rhadinesthes Blanc [M.] & Blache [J.] 1963:136, Fig. [Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Série 2) v. 35 (no. 2); ref. 4209] Southeastern Atlantic, 11°37'S, 10°15'E, 1100 meters of wire out, over depth of 4100 meters. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1962-0783. •Synonym of Rhadinesthes decimus (Zugmayer 1911) -- (Gibbs & Morrow 1973:129 [ref. 7174], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:334 [ref. 13675], Gibbs 1990:307 [ref. 14899]). Current status: Synonym of Rhadinesthes decimus (Zugmayer 1911). Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Habitat: marine.

lucenae, Eustomias (Haploclonus) Villarins [B. T.], Fischer [L. G.], Prokofiev [A. M.] & Mincarone [M. M.] 2023:4, Figs. 3, 7B [Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society Advance access; ref. 40593] Off State of Rio Grande do Norte, ABRACOS station AB2#39, 04°52ʹ27"S, 34°35ʹ23"W - 04°50ʹ53"S, 34°51ʹ05"W, depth 650 - 800 meters. Holotype (unique): NPM 4883. •Valid as Eustomias lucenae Villarins, Fischer, Prokofiev & Mincarone 2023. Current status: Valid as Eustomias lucenae Villarins, Fischer, Prokofiev & Mincarone 2023. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Habitat: marine.

lucibucca, Astronesthes Parin [N. V.] & Borodulina [O. D.] 1996:589 [559], Fig. 5 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 36 (no. 5); ref. 23199] Southeastern Pacific, 27°56'S, 84°11'W, depth 150-210 meters. Holotype: ZIN 51055. Paratypes: USNM 265375 (4), 265383 (1), 333303 (1); ZIN 51056 (8); ZMMU P-19976 (1). Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:47 [ref. 25714]. On p. 559 of English translation. •Valid as Astronesthes lucibucca Parin & Borodulina 1996 -- (Parin & Borodulina 2003:596 [ref. 27333], Stewart & Kenaley 2015:479 [ref. 34250]). Current status: Valid as Astronesthes lucibucca Parin & Borodulina 1996. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Pacific. Habitat: marine.

lucidimanus, Chirostomias Beebe [W.] 1932:52 [Zoologica, Scientific Contributions of the New York Zoological Society v. 13 (no. 4); ref. 16099] 10 miles south of Nonsuch Island, Bermuda, depth 500 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 170934 [ex NYZS 22200]. Type catalog: Mead 1958:132 [ref. 20648]. •Synonym of Chirostomias pliopterus Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Morrow 1973:136 [ref. 7175], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:312 [ref. 14915]). Current status: Synonym of Chirostomias pliopterus Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

lucifer, Astronesthes Gilbert [C. H.] 1905:605, Pl. 71 (fig. 3) [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 23 (pt 2) [for 1903]; ref. 1631] Off Kauai Island, Hawaiian Islands, U.S.A., Albatross station 4026, depth 368-1021 fathoms (net probably not on the bottom). Holotype: USNM 51516. Paratypes: (1). Combined with a feminine genus, the adjective [lux + fero = photophore bearing] should be lucifera. •Valid as Astronesthes lucifera Gilbert 1905 [often seen as lucifer] -- (Yamamoto in Okamura et al. 1982:79, 327 [ref. 8256], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:49 [ref. 6441], Machida in Okamura & Kitajima 1984:153, 338 [ref. 8057], Paxton et al. 1989:195 [ref. 12442], Parin & Borodulina 1994:466 [ref. 22912], Harold 1999:1906 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:327 [ref. 25086], Shinohara et al. 2001:297 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:326 [ref. 26001], Parin & Borodulina 2003:594 [ref. 27333], Mundy 2005:175 [ref. 28379], Paxton et al. 2006:436 [ref. 28995], Liao et al. 2006:523 [ref. 29419], Fricke et al. 2011:357 [ref. 31242], Fricke et al. 2014:25 [ref. 33932]). Current status: Valid as Astronesthes lucifera Gilbert 1905. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Yemen east to Hawaiian Islands, north to Taiwan, south to Loyalty Islands (New Caledonia). Habitat: marine.

lucifer, Diplolychnus Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1929:28, Pl. 5 (fig. 1) [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 5); ref. 3680] North Atlantic, Dana station 1156, 25°11'N, 20°57'W, depth about 350 meters (1000 meters of wire out). Holotype (unique): ZMUC P203820. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:28 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Diplolychnus lucifer Regan & Trewavas 1929 -- (Gibbs 1964:340 [ref. 6960]). •Synonym of Borostomias mononema (Regan & Trewavas 1929) -- (Gibbs & Morrow 1973:128 [ref. 7174], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:333 [ref. 13675], Gibbs 1990:305 [ref. 14899]). Current status: Synonym of Borostomias mononema (Regan & Trewavas 1929). Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Habitat: marine.

lucingens, Photostomias Kenaley [C. P.] 2009:183, Figs. 1C, 2C [Copeia 2009 (no. 1); ref. 30057] Central North Pacific, off leeward Oahu, Hawaiian Islands, 21°20-30'N, 158°20-30'W, depth 0-115 meters. Holotype: USNM 219291. Paratypes: MCZ 131736 (2), 161573 (1); SIO 63-551 (1), 69-345 (1), 72-23 (1), 72-309 (1), 75-633 (2); USNM 258675 (1), 296737 (5), 305264 (1). •Valid as Photostomias lucingens Kenaley 2009 -- (Brown et al. 2019:159 [ref. 36444], Fermon et al. 2022:180 [ref. 39448] with question). Current status: Valid as Photostomias lucingens Kenaley 2009. Stomiidae: Malacosteinae. Distribution: Antitropical, Pacific: Hawaiian Islands and northern central Pacific;Tasman Sea east to Chile; southern central Atlantic: Saint Helena; southeastern Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

luetkeni, Astronesthes Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1929:16, Fig. 5 [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 5); ref. 3680] Indian Ocean [not Pacific]. Holotype (unique): ZMUO J5580. Type catalog: Pethon 1969:3 [ref. 19268]; holotype originally figured in Lütken 1892 as Astronesthes richardsoni; Pl. 3 (figs. 1-2) [ref. 2858]. •Valid as Astronesthes luetkeni Regan & Trewavas 1929 -- (Pequeño 1989:31 [ref. 14125], Parin & Borodulina 1998:165 [ref. 24177], Parin & Borodulina 1998:695 [ref. 24685], Harold 1999:1906 [ref. 24741], Parin & Borodulina 2003:595 [ref. 27333], Mundy 2005:175 [ref. 28379]). Current status: Valid as Astronesthes luetkeni Regan & Trewavas 1929. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Seychelles east to Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine.

lunifer, Aristostomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:138, Pl. 13 (fig. 2); Fig. 132 [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] Caribbean Sea, northern Atlantic. Syntypes: BMNH 1929.7.6.249 (1); ZMUC P201925 (1) DANA station 1291 (17°43'N, 64°56'W), P20425-6 (2). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:25 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Aristostomias lunifer Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Morrow 1964:534 [ref. 6958], Goodyear 1973:142 [ref. 7176], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:368 [ref. 13675], Goodyear & Gibbs 1986:235 [ref. 5658], Scott & Scott 1988:180 [ref. 25518], McAllister 1990:95 [ref. 14674], Goodyear 1990:338 [ref. 14930], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:470 [ref. 23897], Fricke 1999:89 [ref. 24106], Harold 1999:1917 [ref. 24741] as Aristomias, Harold 2003:903 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:192 [ref. 27076], Mundy 2005:190 [ref. 28379], Kenaley & Stewart 2015:526 [ref. 34248], Harold 2016:1808 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:93 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:84 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:179 [ref. 39448] with question, Page et al. 2023:86 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Aristostomias lunifer Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Malacosteinae. Distribution: Circumglobal, but not eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

lupina, Astronesthes (Warreenula) Whitley [G. P.] 1941:5, Fig. 5 [Australian Zoologist v. 10 (pt 1); ref. 4701] Off Port Stephens, 32°40'S, 152°22'E, New South Wales, Australia. Holotype (unique): CSIRO B 1704. We treat lupina [ïn view of the name Little Wolf as used by Whitley] as a noun. •Questionably valid as Astronesthes lupina and based on a larval specimen -- (Paxton et al. 1989:195 [ref. 12442]). •Valid as Astronesthes lupina Whitley 1941 -- (Harold 1999:1906 [ref. 24741], Paxton et al. 2006:437 [ref. 28995]). Current status: Valid as Astronesthes lupina Whitley 1941. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Australia. Habitat: marine.

macouni, Chauliodus Bean [T. H.] 1890:44 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 13 (no. 795); ref. 229] Off Cape St. James, Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia, Canada, 51°23'N, 130°34'W, Albatross station 2860, depth 876 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 45372. •Valid as Chauliodus macouni Bean 1890 -- (Parin & Novikova 1974:268 [ref. 7528], Yamamoto in Amaoka et al. 1983:83, 181, 235, 317 [ref. 8379], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:48 [ref. 6441], Peden et al. 1985:5 [ref. 24081], Matarese et al. 1989:108 [ref. 26885], McAllister 1990:92 [ref. 14674], Shinohara et al. 1994:61 [ref. 22800], Shinohara et al. 1996:162 [ref. 26605], Nakabo 2000:322 [ref. 25086], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:21 [ref. 25650], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:223 [ref. 25968], Shinohara et al. 2001:298 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:322 [ref. 26001], Fedorov et al. 2003:43 [ref. 27579], Nelson et al. 2004:87 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:38 [ref. 37547], Page et al. 2013:88 [ref. 32708], Parin et al. 2014:147 [ref. 33547], Pietsch & Orr 2015:23 [ref. 34694], Kells et al. 2016:104 [ref. 35888], Burton & Lea 2019:43 [ref. 37205], Love et al. 2021:59 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:87 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Chauliodus macouni Bean 1890. Stomiidae: Chauliodontinae. Distribution: North Pacific: southern Japan north to Bering Sea, then Alaska (U.S.A.) south to southern tip of Baja California Sur (Mexico). Habitat: marine.

macrenteron, Stylophthalmus Regan [C. T.] 1916:136, Pl. 5 (fig. 1) [British Antarctic ("Terra Nova") Expedition (1910-1913). Zoology v. 1 (no. 4); ref. 15063] South Atlantic, 18°51'S, 33°40'W, depth 2 meters. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1916.3.20.56 (larval specimen). Stomiidae: Idiacanthinae. Habitat: marine.

macristius, Borostomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1929:27, Pl. 4 (fig. 2); Fig. 18 [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 5); ref. 3680] Gulf of Panama, Dana station 1206, 6°40'N, 80°47'W, depth 1500 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMUC P202855. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:27 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Borostomias macristius Regan & Trewavas 1929 -- (Yamamoto in Okamura et al. 1982:81, 328 [ref. 8256]). •Synonym of Borostomias elucens (Brauer 1906) -- (Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:332 [ref. 13675]). Current status: Synonym of Borostomias elucens (Brauer 1906). Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Habitat: marine.

macrolychnus, Neonesthes Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1929:30, Pl. 6 (fig. 2); Fig. 21 [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 5); ref. 3680] North Atlantic, depth 200-1000 meters. Syntypes: (6) BMNH 1929.1.4.125 (1), 1929.1.4.126 (1), 1930.1.12.475-476 (2?); ZMUC P201125 (1), P201126 (1), P202863 (1). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:28 [ref. 9588]. •Synonym of Neonesthes capensis (Gilchrist & von Bonde 1924) -- (Gibbs 1964:349 [ref. 6960], Gibbs & Morrow 1973:128 [ref. 7174], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:333 [ref. 13675], Gibbs 1990:306 [ref. 14899], Paxton et al. 2006:439 [ref. 28995]). Current status: Synonym of Neonesthes capensis (Gilchrist & von Bonde 1924). Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Habitat: marine.

macronema, Eustomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:101, Fig. 91 [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] Eastern Atlantic [310 kilometers northwest of La Palma, Canary Islands], 30°17'N, 20°44'W, Dana station 1152, depth about 200 meters (600 meters of wire out). Holotype (unique): ZMUC P201902. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:16 [ref. 9588]. •Synonym of Eustomias binghami Parr 1927 -- (Morrow 1973:138 [ref. 7175]). •Valid as Eustomias macronema Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:349 [ref. 13675], Paxton et al. 1989:199 [ref. 12442], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:319 [ref. 14915], Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:341 [ref. 25086], Hutchins 2001:19 [ref. 25847], Clarke 2001:686 [ref. 25448], Nakabo 2002:341 [ref. 26001], Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001], Mundy 2005:184 [ref. 28379], Paxton et al. 2006:446 [ref. 28995], Kenaley & Stewart 2015:506 [ref. 34248], Harold 2016:1813 [ref. 34568], Schnell & Johnson 2017:4 [ref. 35193], Carneiro et al. 2019:98 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:104 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:176 [ref. 39448], Page et al. 2023:88 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias macronema Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Circumglobal, except not in eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

macronema, Leptostomias Gilbert [C. H.] 1905:607, Pl. 72 (fig. 3) [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 23 (pt 2) [for 1903]; ref. 1631] Near Niihau Island, Hawaiian Islands, Albatross station 4177, depth 319-451 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 52056. •Valid as Leptostomias macronema Gilbert 1905 -- (Clarke 2000:108 [ref. 24255], Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741], Mundy 2005:187 [ref. 28379]). Current status: Valid as Leptostomias macronema Gilbert 1905. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Hawaiian Islands; possibly more widespread. Habitat: marine.

macrophotus, Melanostomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:115, Fig. 111b [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] Caribbean Sea; western Atlantic. Syntypes: (2 + 7 juveniles) BMNH 1929.7.6.151 (1), 1929.7.6.152 (1); ZMUC P202014 (1) Dana station 1274 (17°43'N, 64°56'W). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:21 [ref. 9588]. •Synonym of Melanostomias melanopogon Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Morrow 1973:134 [ref. 7175]). •Valid as Melanostomias macrophotus Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Fujii in Uyeno et al. 1983:151 [ref. 14275], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:359 [ref. 13675], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:328 [ref. 14915], Arruda 1997:38 [ref. 24952], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:526 [ref. 23897], Harold 2003:912 [ref. 27001], Menezes et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:47 [ref. 27192], Mundy 2005:187 [ref. 28379], Harold 2016:1814 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:101 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:118 [ref. 37832], Page et al. 2023:89 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Melanostomias macrophotus Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in warm seas. Habitat: marine.

macrophthalmoides, Borostomias Koefoed [E.] 1956:5, Pl. 1 (fig. B) [Scientific Results of the Michael Sars North Atlantic Deep-Sea Expedition 1910 v. 4 (pt 2, no. 5); ref. 2653] North Atlantic, 50°13'N, 11°23'W, station 94, 2000 meters of wire out; 50°22'N, 11°44'W, station 95, depth 1797 meters. Syntypes: ZMUB 5258 (1), 5159 (1). Type catalog: Frøiland 1979:145 [ref. 21547]. •Synonym of Borostomias antarcticus (Lönnberg 1905) -- (Gibbs 1964:336 [ref. 6960], Gibbs & Morrow 1973:127 [ref. 7174], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:331 [ref. 13675], Gon 1990:128 [ref. 21680]). Current status: Synonym of Borostomias antarcticus (Lönnberg 1905). Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Habitat: marine.

macrophthalmus, Borostomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1929:25, Fig. 17 [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 5); ref. 3680] North Atlantic, 39°38'N, 71°39'45"W, Albatross station 2202, depth 515 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 35540. Species first illustrated in Goode and Bean 1986 as Astronesthes richardsonii -- Fig. 125 [ref. 1848]. •Synonym of Borostomias antarcticus (Lönnberg 1905) -- (Gibbs 1964:336 [ref. 6960], Gibbs & Morrow 1973:127 [ref. 7174], Gon 1990:128 [ref. 21680]). Current status: Synonym of Borostomias antarcticus (Lönnberg 1905). Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Habitat: marine.

macrophthalmus, Eustomias Parr [A. E.] 1927:67, Figs. 36C, 39 [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 3 (art. 2); ref. 3367] Off Acklins Island, Bahamas, 22°31'N, 74°26'W, depth 0 to about 1500 meters (10000 feet of wire out). Holotype (unique): YPM 2035. •Valid as Eustomias macrophthalmus Parr 1927 -- (Gomon & Gibbs 1985:45 [ref. 5268], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:507 [ref. 23897], Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001], Page et al. 2023:88 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias macrophthalmus Parr 1927. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

macropogon, Astronesthes Goodyear [R. H.] & Gibbs [R. H., Jr.] 1970:114, Fig. 2D, 4 [Archiv für Fischereiwissenschaft v. 20 (nos 2/3) (Dec. 1969); ref. 7424] Atlantic, 23°50'N, 20°08'W, depth 0-500 meters. Holotype: ISH 201-1966. Paratypes: BMNH 1929.1.4.100 (1), 1929.1.4.105-106 (2); ISH 301-1966a-e (5), 412-1968 (1), 469-1966a-d (4), 781-1966a-b (2), 609-1968 (1), 1801-1968 (1), 1892-1968 (2), 1997-1968 (1), 2015-11968a-d (4); MCZ 46367 (1); MNHN 1962-0769 to 0770 (1, 1), 1962-0774 (1); UF 209723 [ex UMML 9723] (1); USNM 108258 (1), 203618-20 (1, 2, 1), 203621 (18, 1 c&s), 203622-26 (1, 3, 1, 1, 6), 204249-50 (1, 1); ZMUC P202733-202744. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:27 [ref. 9588], Krefft 1978:9 [ref. 9884]. •Valid as Astronesthes macropogon Goodyear & Gibbs 1970 -- (Fujii in Uyeno et al. 1983:144 [ref. 14275], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:329 [ref. 13675], Gibbs 1990:302 [ref. 14899], Parin & Borodulina 1997:780 [ref. 23751], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:454 [ref. 23897], Harold 2003:895 [ref. 27001], Menezes et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:46 [ref. 27192], Moore et al. 2003:185 [ref. 27076], Parin & Borodulina 2003:595 [ref. 27333], Liao et al. 2006:520 [ref. 29419], Costa & Mincarone 2010:353 [ref. 37483], Harold 2016:1799 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:94 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:91 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:172 [ref. 39448], Page et al. 2023:86 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Astronesthes macropogon Goodyear & Gibbs 1970. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

macropogon, Leptostomias Norman [J. R.] 1930:311, Fig. 20 [Discovery Reports v. 2; ref. 3219] South Atlantic, 35°01'00"S, 10°18'00"E, depth 55 meters. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1930.1.12.521. •Questionably a synonym of Leptostomias longibarba Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:356 [ref. 13675]). •Valid as Leptostomias macropogon Norman 1930 -- (Gibbs & Barnett 1990:327 [ref. 14915], Sutton et al. 2020:115 [ref. 37832]). Current status: Valid as Leptostomias macropogon Norman 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: South Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

macropus, Tactostoma Bolin [R. L.] 1939:39, Fig. 1 [Copeia 1939 (no. 1); ref. 507] Off Monterey Bay, California, U.S.A., 36°42'N, 122°03'W, 900 meters of cable out. Holotype (unique): CAS-SU 33325. Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:17 [ref. 12291]. •Valid as Tactostoma macropus Bolin 1939 -- (Yamamoto in Amaoka et al. 1983:87, 182 [ref. 8379], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:52 [ref. 6441], Peden et al. 1985:4 [ref. 24081], Matarese et al. 1989:114 [ref. 26885], Pequeño 1989:31 [ref. 14125], McAllister 1990:95 [ref. 14674], Kawaguchi & Moser 1993:161 [ref. 22460], Shinohara et al. 1994:62 [ref. 22800], Shinohara et al. 1996:163 [ref. 26605], Nakabo 2000:331 [ref. 25086], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:21 [ref. 25650], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:224 [ref. 25968], Nakabo 2002:331 [ref. 26001], Nelson et al. 2004:87 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:39 [ref. 37547], Page et al. 2013:88 [ref. 32708], Parin et al. 2014:150 [ref. 33547], Kells et al. 2016:348 [ref. 35888], Burton & Lea 2019:43 [ref. 37205], Love et al. 2021:61 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:90 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Tactostoma macropus Bolin 1939. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Pacific: Japan and Sea of Okhotsk north to Bering Sea, then Alaska (U.S.A.) south to Chile. Habitat: marine.

macrorhynchus, Eustomias Pappenheim [P.] 1914:173, Figs. 2-3 [Deutsche Südpolar-Expedition 1901-1903 v. 15 (Zoologie v. 7); ref. 3361] Atlantic, northwest of Cape Verde Islands, 24°41'N, 32°21'W, depth 20 meters. Holotype: ZMB 19306. Paratypes: ZMB 19307 (2). •Synonym of Eustomias obscurus Vaillant 1884 -- (Morrow 1973:138 [ref. 7175], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:320 [ref. 14915]). Current status: Synonym of Eustomias obscurus Vaillant 1884. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

macrurus, Eustomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:78, Pl. 7 (fig. 2); Fig. 52B, 53 [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] North Atlantic, 25°01'N, 56°21'W and 33°18'N, 56°03'W. Syntypes: BMNH 1929.7.6.74 (1) Dana station 1031 (33°18'N, 56°03'W); ZMUC P201970 (1) Dana station 902 (25°01'N, 56°21'W). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:17 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Eustomias macrurus Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Parin & Pokhil'skaya 1974:320 [ref. 7527], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:52 [ref. 6441], Paxton et al. 1989:199 [ref. 12442], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:319 [ref. 14915], Santos et al. 1997:35 [ref. 23531], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:508 [ref. 23897], Porteiro et al. 1999:9 [ref. 24203], Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741], Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:188 [ref. 27076], Paxton et al. 2006:446 [ref. 28995], Harold 2016:1813 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:99 [ref. 37250], Prokofiev 2020:345 [ref. 37646] as macrura, Sutton et al. 2020:112 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:176 [ref. 39448] possible, Page et al. 2023:88 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias macrurus Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Circumglobal, except not in eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

magnificus, Eustomias Clarke [T. A.] 2001:690, Fig. 3A [Copeia 2001 (no. 3); ref. 25448] Central North Pacific, near Hawaii, U.S.A., depth 0-350 meters. Holotype: USNM 322446. Paratypes: SIO 99-65 (1); USNM 322645 (1), 322650 (3), 322875 (1); plus nontype material. •Valid as Eustomias magnificus Clarke 2001 -- (Mundy 2005:184 [ref. 28379]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias magnificus Clarke 2001. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine.

margarita, Echiostoma Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.] 1896:109, Pl. 35 (fig. 131) [Special Bulletin U. S. National Museum No. 2; ref. 1848] Gulf of Mexico, 28°38'30"N, 87°02'00"W, Albatross station 2394, depth 420 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 39282 (poor condition). •Valid as Photonectes margarita (Goode & Bean 1896) -- (Fujii in Okamura et al. 1982:87, 331 [ref. 8256], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:52 [ref. 6441], Scott & Scott 1988:178 [ref. 25518], McAllister 1990:95 [ref. 14674], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:334 [ref. 14915], Shinohara et al. 1996:163 [ref. 26605], Santos et al. 1997:37 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:38 [ref. 24952], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:537 [ref. 23897], Porteiro et al. 1999:31 [ref. 24203], Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:338 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:338 [ref. 26001], Harold 2003:912 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:190 [ref. 27076], Menezes & Figueiredo in Menezes et al. 2003:48 [ref. 27192] with wrong locality, Love et al. 2005:39 [ref. 37547], Mundy 2005:189 [ref. 28379] as cf. margarita, Fricke et al. 2011:358 [ref. 31242], Klepadlo 2011:202 [ref. 31414] in subgenus Trachinostomias, Prokofiev 2015:132 [ref. 33761], Harold 2016:1815 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:103 [ref. 37250], Prokofiev 2019:450 [ref. 36966], Sutton et al. 2020:122 [ref. 37832], Love et al. 2021:60 [ref. 39279], Fermon et al. 2022:178 [ref. 39448], Page et al. 2023:89 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Photonectes margarita (Goode & Bean 1896). Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in warm seas. Habitat: marine.

margaritifer, Melanostomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:115, Fig. 110a [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] Caribbean Sea; western Atlantic. Syntypes: BMNH 1929.7.6.153 (1), ZMUC P202015 (1). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:22 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Melanostomias margaritifer Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:527 [ref. 23897], Harold 2003:912 [ref. 27001], Hartel et al. 2008:324 [ref. 29890], Kenaley et al. 2008:250 [ref. 30630], Page et al. 2023:89 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Melanostomias margaritifer Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western North Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

martensii, Astronesthes Klunzinger [C. B.] 1871:594 [Verhandlungen der K.-K. zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien v. 21; ref. 2622] Al-Qusair, Red Sea Governorate, Egypt, Red Sea. Syntypes: SMNS 1776 (2); BMNH 1871.7.15.33 (1), ZIN 2620 (1), 2623 (1); ZMB 8061 (1). Type catalog: Fricke 1992:5 [ref. 20296], Fricke 2005:61 [ref. 29864]. •Valid as Astronesthes martensii Klunzinger 1871 -- (Yamamoto in Okamura et al. 1982:79, 327 [ref. 8256] as martensi, Dor 1984:45 [ref. 29757], Gibbs 1986:232 [ref. 5655], Paxton et al. 1989:195 [ref. 12442], Parin & Borodulina 1994:464 [ref. 22096], Goren & Dor 1994:12 [ref. 25356], Harold 1999:1906 [ref. 24741], Hutchins 2001:19 [ref. 25847], Parin & Borodulina 2003:594 [ref. 27333], Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: Gulf of Aden). Current status: Valid as Astronesthes martensii Klunzinger 1871. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa east to Indonesia and northern Australia. Habitat: marine.

masticopogon, Odontostomias Norman [J. R.] 1930:310, Fig. 19 [Discovery Reports v. 2; ref. 3219] Northeastern Atlantic, 13°25'N, 18°22'W, depth 900 meters. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1930.1.12.56. •Valid as Odontostomias masticopogon Norman 1930 -- (Gibbs & Barnett 1990:331 [ref. 14915], Harold 2016:1815 [ref. 34568], Sutton et al. 2020:121 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:178 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Odontostomias masticopogon Norman 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Eastern Atlantic: Senegal south to Gabon Habitat: marine.

mavka, Eustomias (Haploclonus) Prokofiev [A. M.] 2018:5, Fig. 2 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 58 (no. 1); ref. 35845] Southern subtropical waters, 36°34'S, 121°59'W, depth 120-50 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMMU 23826. •Valid as Eustomias (Haploclonus) mavka Prokofiev 2018. Current status: Valid as Eustomias mavka Prokofiev 2018. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Southern subtropical waters. Habitat: marine.

medusa, Eustomias Gibbs [R. H., Jr.], Clarke [T. A.] & Gomon [J. R.] 1983:73, Fig. 19 [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 380; ref. 5269] Central North Pacific [west of O'ahu, Hawaiian Islands], 21°20'N, 158°20'W, depth 0-100 meters. Holotype: USNM 223855. Paratypes: BPBM 26412 (1); IOM uncat (1); SIO 76-110 (1); USNM 223843-48 (1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1), 223850-51 (1, 1) 223853 (1). Additional material: USNM. •Valid as Eustomias medusa Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983 -- (Mundy 2005:185 [ref. 28379]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias medusa Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western and Central Pacific: northern Mariana Islands, Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine.

melanobolus, Eustomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:95, Fig. 80b [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] North Atlantic, 21°57'N, 22°58'W, Dana station 1157, depth 100 meters (300 meters wire out). Holotype (unique): ZMUC P201903. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:17 [ref. 9588]. •Synonym of Eustomias lipochirus Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Gibbs & Barnett 1990:318 [ref. 14915]). Current status: Synonym of Eustomias lipochirus Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

melanocaulus, Melanostomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:113, Fig. 108c [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] North Atlantic, 23°10'N, 66°15'W, Dana station 947, depth about 300 meters (900 meters of wire out). Holotype (unique): ZMUC P201918. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:22 [ref. 9588]. •Synonym of Melanostomias valdiviae Brauer 1902 -- (Morrow 1973:134 [ref. 7175], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:330 [ref. 14915]). Current status: Synonym of Melanostomias valdiviae Brauer 1902. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

melanonema, Eustomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:85, Fig. 64b [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] North Atlantic, 13°35'N, 30°11'W, Dana station 1162, depth 100 meters (300 meters wire out). Holotype: ZMUC P201904 (1). Paratypes: (1 juvenile) ZMUC Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:17 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Eustomias melanonema Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Gibbs et al. 1983:70 [ref. 5269], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:319 [ref. 14915], Harold 2016:1814 [ref. 34568], Sutton et al. 2020:108 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:176 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias melanonema Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Eastern Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

melanopogon, Melanostomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:115, Pl. 10 (fig. 2); Fig. 111a [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] North Atlantic. Syntypes: BMNH 1929.7.6.150 (1); ZMUC P202016-18 (3). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:22 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Melanostomias melanopogon Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Morrow 1973:134 [ref. 7175], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:328 [ref. 14915], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:528 [ref. 23897], Harold 2003:912 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:190 [ref. 27076], Harold 2016:1814 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:102 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:120 [ref. 37832], Page et al. 2023:89 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Melanostomias melanopogon Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

melanops, Melanostomias Brauer [A.] 1902:284 [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 25 (no. 668); ref. 631] Off northwestern coast of Sumatra, 50 kilometers west of Leupung, Aceh Besar Regency, Aceh Province, Indonesia, eastern Indian Ocean, 5°23'02"N, 94°48'01"E, Valdivia station 207, depth 1024 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMB 17447. •Valid as Melanostomias melanops Brauer 1902 -- (Fujii in Uyeno et al. 1983:149 [ref. 14275], Fujii in Okamura et al. 1982:85, 330 [ref. 8256], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:359 [ref. 13675], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:51 [ref. 6441], Machida in Okamura & Kitajima 1984:155, 340 [ref. 8057], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:329 [ref. 14915], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:529 [ref. 23897], Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:336 [ref. 25086], Shinohara et al. 2001:298 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:336 [ref. 26001], Harold 2003:912 [ref. 27001], Menezes et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:47 [ref. 27192], Moore et al. 2003:190 [ref. 27076], Shinohara et al. 2005:407 [ref. 28370], Mundy 2005:187 [ref. 28379], Fricke et al. 2014:26 [ref. 33932], Kenaley & Stewart 2015:513 [ref. 34248], Harold 2016:1814 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:102 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:118 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:177 [ref. 39448], Page et al. 2023:89 [ref. 40505], Villarins et al. 2023:254 [ref. 40197]). Current status: Valid as Melanostomias melanops Brauer 1902. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical through subtropical seas, but not eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

melanostigma, Eustomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:85, Pl. 8 (fig. 2); Fig. 64a [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] Caribbean Sea. Syntypes: BMNH 1929.7.6.105 (1) Dana station 1266 (17°45'N, 64°55.5'W); ZMUC P201971 (1) Dana station 1256 (17°43'N, 64°56'W). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:17 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Eustomias melanostigma Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Gibbs et al. 1983:60 [ref. 5269], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:320 [ref. 14915], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:509 [ref. 23897], Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741], Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001], Harold 2016:1814 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:99 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:109 [ref. 37832], Page et al. 2023:88 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias melanostigma Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Circumglobal. Habitat: marine.

melanostigmoides, Eustomias Gibbs [R. H., Jr.], Clarke [T. A.] & Gomon [J. R.] 1983:71, Fig. 18e-f [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 380; ref. 5269] Central North Pacific, west of Oahu, Hawaiian Islands, 21°30'N, 158°20'W, depth 0-900 meters. Holotype: USNM 223765. Paratypes: BPBM 26415 (2); SIO 80-175 (1); USNM 223766-70 (3, 1, 1, 1, 1). Additional material: SIO, USNM. •Valid as Eustomias melanostigmoides Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983 -- (Mundy 2005:185 [ref. 28379]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias melanostigmoides Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine.

melas, Bathophilus Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:69, Pl. 5 (fig. 2) [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] Northeastern Providence Strait, Bahamas. Syntypes: ZMUC P201937-38 (2) Dana station 1239 (25°50'N, 76°55'W), 600 meters of wire out. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:14 [ref. 9588]. •Synonym of Bathophilus pawneei Parr 1927 -- (Gibbs & Barnett 1990:311 [ref. 14915]). Current status: Synonym of Bathophilus pawneei Parr 1927. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

mesostenus, Eustomias Gibbs [R. H., Jr.], Clarke [T. A.] & Gomon [J. R.] 1983:118, Fig. 32f [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 380; ref. 5269] South-central Indian Ocean, 18°49'S, 88°05'E, depth 0-1643 meters. Holotype (unique): SIO 61-34. •Valid as Eustomias mesostenus Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983. Current status: Valid as Eustomias mesostenus Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine.

metallicus, Trichostomias Welsh [W. W.] 1923:10, Fig. 10 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 62 (no. 2449); ref. 15432] 270 miles southeast of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, U.S.A., depth 50-0 meters. Holotype: USNM 84294. Paratypes: (8) USNM 84295-99 (3, 1, 1, 2, 1). •Synonym of Bathophilus vaillanti (Zugmayer 1911) -- (Scott & Scott 1988:176 [ref. 25518], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:311 [ref. 14915]). •Valid as Bathophilus metallicus (Welsh 1923) -- (Morrow 1973:136 [ref. 7175], Paulin et al. 1989:102 [ref. 24556], Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001], Fricke et al. 2011:357 [ref. 31242], Harold 2016:1813 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:95 [ref. 37250], Page et al. 2023:87 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Bathophilus metallicus (Welsh 1923). Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: North Atlantic; southwestern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

metamelas, Eustomias Gomon [J. R.] & Gibbs [R. H., Jr.] 1985:22, Fig. 1a [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 409; ref. 5268] Southwestern tropical Atlantic, 9°41'S, 27°39'W, Walther Herwig station 188/66, depth 0-400 meters. Holotype: ISH 669-1966. Paratypes: USNM 222184 (1). Type catalog: Krefft 1987:77 [ref. 20751]. •Valid as Eustomias metamelas Gomon & Gibbs 1985. Current status: Valid as Eustomias metamelas Gomon & Gibbs 1985. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: South Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

micraster, Eustomias bibulbosus Parr [A. E.] 1927:70, 72, Fig. 41 [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 3 (art. 2); ref. 3367] Off Eleuthera Island, Bahamas, 24°51'N, 76°38'W, 8000 feet wire out. Holotype: YPM 2040. Type catalog: Moore & Boardman 1991:17 [ref. 16741]. •Synonym of Eustomias bibulbosus Parr 1927 -- (Parin & Pokhil'skaya 1974:353 [ref. 7527]). •Valid as Eustomias micraster Parr 1927 -- (Gibbs et al. 1983:32 [ref. 5269], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:510 [ref. 23897], Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001], Page et al. 2023:88 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias micraster Parr 1927. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

micripnus, Echiostoma Günther [A.] 1878:180 [13] [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 5) v. 2 (nos 7/8/9)(art. 2/22/28); ref. 2010] Off southern coast of Australia, Challenger station 159, depth 2150 fathoms. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1887.12.7.225. On p. 13 of separate. See also Günther 1887:208, Pl. 53 (fig. A) [ref. 2013]. •Valid as Opostomias micripnus (Günther 1878) -- (Yamamoto in Amaoka et al. 1983:85, 182 [ref. 8379], Gibbs 1986:242 [ref. 5655], Paxton et al. 1989:201 [ref. 12442], Pequeño 1989:31 [ref. 14125] as macripnus, Paulin et al. 1989:101 [ref. 24556], Gomon et al. 1994:261 [ref. 22532], Meléndez 1999:140 [ref. 24261], Trunov 1999:462 [ref. 24579], Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741], Hutchins 2001:19 [ref. 25847], Paxton et al. 2006:450 [ref. 28995], Kenaley et al. 2008:251 [ref. 30630], Kenaley & Stewart 2015:518 [ref. 34248], Sutton et al. 2020:81 [ref. 37832]). Current status: Valid as Opostomias micripnus (Günther 1878). Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Southern circumhlobal: South Atlantic, southeastern Indian Ocean and Pacific. Habitat: marine.

microcephalus, Eustomias Parr [A. E.] 1927:75, Fig. 43 [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 3 (art. 2); ref. 3367] Tongue of the Ocean, Bahamas, 23°49'N, 76°59'W, 7000 feet wire out. Holotype (unique): YPM 2031. •Synonym of Eustomias longibarba Parr 1927 -- (Morrow 1973:139 [ref. 7175], Parin & Pokhil'skaya 1974:342 [ref. 7527] as macrocephalus, Gibbs & Barnett 1990:318 [ref. 14915]). Current status: Synonym of Eustomias longibarba Parr 1927. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

microcephalus, Neonesthes Norman [J. R.] 1930:307, Fig. 16 [Discovery Reports v. 2; ref. 3219] Southeastern Atlantic [off southern Angola], 15°55'00"S, 10°35'00"E, depth 600-700 meters. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1930.1.12.475-476 (smaller specimen). •Valid as Neonesthes microcephalus Norman 1930 -- (Paxton et al. 1989:196 [ref. 12442], Paulin et al. 1989:100 [ref. 24556], Gibbs 1990:307 [ref. 14899], Harold 1999:1906 [ref. 24741], Mundy 2005:177 [ref. 28379], Paxton et al. 2006:439 [ref. 28995], Stewart & Kenaley 2015:485 [ref. 34250], Harold 2016:1800 [ref. 34568], Sutton et al. 2020:121 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:174 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Neonesthes microcephalus Norman 1930. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Circumglobal; absent in North Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

microdon, Echiostoma Günther [A.] 1878:180 [13] [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 5) v. 2 (nos 7/8/9)(art. 2/22/28); ref. 2010] Off northwestern coast of Australia [eastern Indian Ocean], Challenger station 181, depth 2440 fathoms. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1887.12.7.226. On p. 13 of separate. See also Günther 1887:210, Pl. 53 (fig. C) [ref. 2013]. •Valid as Pachystomias microdon (Günther 1878) -- (Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:361 [ref. 13675], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:51 [ref. 6441], Gibbs 1986:242 [ref. 5655], Paxton et al. 1989:202 [ref. 12442], McAllister 1990:96 [ref. 14674], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:332 [ref. 14915], Balanov & Fedorov 1996:344 [ref. 24646], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:532 [ref. 23897], Fricke 1999:90 [ref. 24106], Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:331 [ref. 25086], Randall & Lim in Randall & Lim 2000:591 [ref. 25122], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:21 [ref. 25650], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:226 [ref. 25968], Hutchins 2001:19 [ref. 25847], Nakabo 2002:331 [ref. 26001], Harold 2003:912 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:192 [ref. 27076], Love et al. 2005:39 [ref. 37547], Mundy 2005:188 [ref. 28379], Paxton et al. 2006:450 [ref. 28995], Hartel et al. 2008:331 [ref. 29890], Kenaley et al. 2008:254 [ref. 30630], Parin et al. 2014:149 [ref. 33547], Kenaley & Stewart 2015:530 [ref. 34248], Harold 2016:1815 [ref. 34568], Schnell & Johnson 2017:5 [ref. 35193], Brown et al. 2019:159 [ref. 36444], Carneiro et al. 2019:102 [ref. 37250], Misawa et al. 2020:272 [ref. 38138], Sutton et al. 2020:81 [ref. 37832], Love et al. 2021:60 [ref. 39279], Eduardo et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39574], Fermon et al. 2022:178 [ref. 39448], Villarins et al. 2022:43 [ref. 39442], Page et al. 2023:89 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Pachystomias microdon (Günther 1878). Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and temperate seas. Habitat: marine.

micropogon, Astronesthes Goodyear [R. H.] & Gibbs [R. H., Jr.] 1970:116, Fig. 2E, 5 [Archiv für Fischereiwissenschaft v. 20 (nos 2/3) (Dec. 1969); ref. 7424] Eastern tropical Atlantic, 1°58'N, 4°00'W, 1400 meters of wire out. Holotype: USNM 203612. Paratypes: ISH 300-1966a-c (3), 452-1966 (1), 513-1966 (1), 374-1968a-b (2), 413-1968a-b (2), 771-1968 (1), 1015-1968 (1); MCZ 42867 (1), 46366 (1); SIO 63-560 (1); UF 211337 [ex UMML 11337] (1), 215899 [ex UMML 15899] (1); USNM 199501 (3, 1 c&s), 203613-17 (1 ea.), 204248 (1); ZMUC P202762-65. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:27 [ref. 9588], Krefft 1978:10 [ref. 9884]. •Valid as Astronesthes micropogon Goodyear & Gibbs 1970 -- (Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:329 [ref. 13675], Gibbs 1990:302 [ref. 14899], Santos et al. 1997:34 [ref. 23531], Parin & Borodulina 1997:779 [ref. 23751], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:455 [ref. 23897], Porteiro et al. 1999:9 [ref. 24203], Harold 2003:895 [ref. 27001], Menezes et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:46 [ref. 27192], Moore et al. 2003:185 [ref. 27076], Parin & Borodulina 2003:595 [ref. 27333], Carneiro et al. 2019:94 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:90 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:173 [ref. 39448], Page et al. 2023:86 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Astronesthes micropogon Goodyear & Gibbs 1970. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic; eastern Atlantic: Morocco south to Namibia. Habitat: marine.

micropogon, Odontostomias Norman [J. R.] 1930:309, Fig. 18 [Discovery Reports v. 2; ref. 3219] Southeastern Atlantic, 5°54'00"S, 11°19'00"E. Holotype: BMNH (290 mm). Paratypes: (24) BMNH 1930.1.12.498-515. •Valid as Odontostomias micropogon Norman 1930 -- (Gibbs & Barnett 1990:332 [ref. 14915], Harold 2016:1815 [ref. 34568], Reiner 2019:97 [ref. 38139], Sutton et al. 2020:121 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:178 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Odontostomias micropogon Norman 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Eastern Atlantic: Western Sahara south to Angola, including São Tomé and Principe. Habitat: marine.

micropterygius, Eustomias Parr [A. E.] 1927:65, Fig. 37 [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 3 (art. 2); ref. 3367] Tongue of the Ocean, Bahamas, 23°55'N, 77°09'W, depth 0 to about 1062 meters (4000-7000 feet wire out). Holotype: YPM 2032. Type catalog: Moore & Boardman 1991:18 [ref. 16741] as micropterygias. •Status uncertain -- (Gomon & Gibbs 1985:50 [ref. 5268]). •Valid as Eustomias micropterygius Parr 1927 -- (Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias micropterygius Parr 1927. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

mikhailini, Eustomias Prokofiev [A. M.] 2020:Fig. [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 60 (no. 3); ref. 37646] Holotype. •Valid as Eustomias mikhailini Prokofiev 2020. Current status: Valid as Eustomias mikhailini Prokofiev 2020. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

minimus, Chauliodus Parin [N. V.] & Novikova [N. S.] 1974:295, Fig. 17 [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 96; ref. 7528] Brazilian basin, 24°30'S, 26°31'W, depth 210-0 meters. Holotype: ZIN 41536. Paratypes: IOM uncat. (6), ZIN 41537 (1), plus additional material. •Valid as Chauliodus minimus Parin & Novikova 1974 -- (Gibbs 1986:230 [ref. 5655], Parin 1990:293 [ref. 14819], Harold 2016:1803 [ref. 34568], Sutton et al. 2020:97 [ref. 37832]). Current status: Valid as Chauliodus minimus Parin & Novikova 1974. Stomiidae: Chauliodontinae. Distribution: Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

minimus, Eustomias Clarke [T. A.] 1999:1010, Fig. 2B [Copeia 1999 (no. 4); ref. 24186] Pacific, 0°07'S, 158°08'W, depth 0-310 meters. Holotype (unique): USNM 324646. Plus non-types. •Valid as Eustomias minimus Clarke 1999 -- (Eduardo et al. 2022:6 [ref. 39574], Villarins et al. 2022:51 [ref. 39442], Villarins et al. 2023:10 [ref. 40593] as cf. minimus). Current status: Valid as Eustomias minimus Clarke 1999. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Southwestern Atlantic; central Pacific. Habitat: marine.

mirabilis, Photonectes (Dolichostomias) Parr [A. E.] 1927:(106) 111, Figs. 59-60 [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 3 (art. 2); ref. 3367] Off Cat Island, Bahamas, 24°45'N, 76°21'W, 8000 feet wire out. Holotype (unique): YPM 2077. Type catalog: Moore & Boardman 1991:18 [ref. 16741]. •Valid as Photonectes mirabilis Parr 1927 -- (Paxton et al. 1989:202 [ref. 12442], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:335 [ref. 14915], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:538 [ref. 23897], Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741], Harold 2003:912 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:191 [ref. 27076], Paxton et al. 2006:451 [ref. 28995], Klepadlo 2011:202 [ref. 31414] in subgenus Photonectes, Flynn & Klepadlo 2012:260 [ref. 32343], Fricke et al. 2014:26 [ref. 33932], Prokofiev 2014:381 [ref. 33470], Harold 2016:1815 [ref. 34568], Prokofiev 2016:489 [ref. 34688], Nión et al. 2016:36 [ref. 35565], Carneiro et al. 2019:103 [ref. 37250], Koeda & Ho 2019:184 [ref. 36650], Prokofiev & Klepadlo 2019:276 [ref. 36682], Prokofiev 2019:450 [ref. 36966], Sutton et al. 2020:124 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:178 [ref. 39448] with question, Page et al. 2023:89 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Photonectes mirabilis Parr 1927. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Northern Atlantic; western-central Pacific. Habitat: marine.

mirabilis, Ultimostomias Beebe [W.] 1933:174, Fig. 8 [Copeia 1933 (no. 4); ref. 246] 12 miles south of Nonsuch Island, Bermuda, depth 900 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 170932 [ex NYZS 10865]. Type catalog: Mead 1958:134 [ref. 20648]. •Valid as Ultimostomias mirabilis Beebe 1933 -- (Morrow 1964:529 [ref. 6958]). •Valid as Photostomias mirabilis (Beebe 1933) -- (Harold 2003:903 [ref. 27001]). •Synonym of Photostomias guernei Collett 1889 -- (Kenaley & Hartel 2005:256 [ref. 28328]). Current status: Synonym of Photostomias guernei Collett 1889. Stomiidae: Malacosteinae. Habitat: marine.

miriceps, Trigonolampa Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:55, Pl. 1 (fig. 2) [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] South of Ireland, 48°42'N, 12°20'W, Dana station 52, northern Atlantic, 1860 meters of wire out. Holotype (unique): ZMUC P208240. •Valid as Trigonolampa miriceps Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Morrow 1973:141 [ref. 7175], Gibbs 1986:243 [ref. 5655], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:364 [ref. 13675], Scott & Scott 1988:179 [ref. 25518], Paxton et al. 1989:203 [ref. 12442], Pequeño 1989:31 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:101 [ref. 24556], McAllister 1990:95 [ref. 14674], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:337 [ref. 14915], Gon 1990:133 [ref. 21680], Nielsen & Schwägermann in Okamura et al. 1995:92 [ref. 22531], Santos et al. 1997:38 [ref. 23531], Porteiro et al. 1999:10 [ref. 24203], Trunov 1999:462 [ref. 24579], Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741] as micriceps, Hartel & Craddock in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:193 [ref. 26158], Moore et al. 2003:191 [ref. 27076], Duhamel et al. 2005:138 [ref. 32059], Paxton et al. 2006:452 [ref. 28995], Møller et al. 2010:31 [ref. 31169], Kenaley & Stewart 2015:520 [ref. 34248], Harold 2016:1815 [ref. 34568], Nión et al. 2016:36 [ref. 35565], Carneiro et al. 2019:104 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:83 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:178 [ref. 39448] with question, Page et al. 2023:90 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Trigonolampa miriceps Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in temperate seas. Habitat: marine.

mitsuii, Opostomias Imai [S.] 1941:239, Figs. 5-7 [Japanese Journal of Zoology v. 9 (no. 2, art. 14); ref. 13244] Sagami Sea, off Manazuru, Japan. Holotype (unique): ZUMT 55034. Type catalog: Aizawa et al. 2022:229 [ref. 39655]. •Valid as Opostomias mitsuii Imai 1941 -- (Yamamoto in Amaoka et al. 1983:85, 182 [ref. 8379], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:50 [ref. 6441], Okamura & Machida 1986:34 [ref. 22278], Matarese et al. 1989:114 [ref. 26885], McAllister 1990:95 [ref. 14674], Shinohara et al. 1996:162 [ref. 26605], Parin & Shcherbachev 1998:420 [ref. 24907], Nakabo 2000:334 [ref. 25086], Shinohara et al. 2001:298 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:334 [ref. 26001], Love et al. 2005:39 [ref. 37547], Mundy 2005:188 [ref. 28379], Parin et al. 2014:149 [ref. 33547], Burton & Lea 2019:99 [ref. 37205], Love et al. 2021:60 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:89 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Opostomias mitsuii Imai 1941. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific: southern Kuril Islands (Japan) to Emperor Seamounts (Hawaiian Ridge); northeastern Pacific: British Columbia (Canada) south to southern California (U.S.A.). Habitat: marine.

monoclonoides, Eustomias Clarke [T. A.] 1999:1008, Fig. 2D [Copeia 1999 (no. 4); ref. 24186] Eastern Atlantic, 1°42'N, 7°51'E, depth 4500 meters wire out. Holotype: ZMUC P208796. Paratypes: USNM 345624 (1); plus non-types. •Valid as Eustomias monoclonoides Clarke 1999 -- (Harold 2016:1814 [ref. 34568], Sutton et al. 2020:103 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:176 [ref. 39448] possible). Current status: Valid as Eustomias monoclonoides Clarke 1999. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Eastern Atlantic: Gulf of Guinea. Habitat: marine.

monoclonus, Eustomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:105, Figs. 95b, 97 [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] Off St. Croix Island, Caribbean Sea, 17°54'N, 64°54'W, Dana station 1186, depth 1000 meters depth (2000 meters wire out). Holotype (unique): ZMUC P201905. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:17 [ref. 9588]. •Synonym of Eustomias dendriticus Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Parin & Pokhil'skaya 1974:333 [ref. 7527], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:315 [ref. 14915], Clarke 1999:1007 [ref. 24186]). •Valid as Eustomias monoclonus Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:17 [ref. 28815], Harold 2016:1814 [ref. 34568], Fricke et al. 2018:68 [ref. 35805], Page et al. 2023:88 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias monoclonus Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Tropical and warm temperate Atlantic and southwestern Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine.

monodactylus, Eustomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:107, Pl. 9 (fig. 4); Fig. 101-102 [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] North Atlantic. Syntypes: BMNH 1929.7.6.133 (1) Dana station 1166 (10°16'N, 40°41'W); ZMUC P201972 (1) Dana station 1158 (19°22'N, 24°06'W). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:17 [ref. 9588]. •Synonym of Eustomias filifer (Gilchrist 1906) -- (Gibbs & Barnett 1990:317 [ref. 14915]). •Valid as Eustomias monodactylus Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Sutton & Hartel 2004:117 [ref. 27508], Carneiro et al. 2019:99 [ref. 37250], Page et al. 2023:88 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias monodactylus Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: North Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

monodactylus, Photonectes Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:127, Pl. 12 (fig. 3); Fig. 122 [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] North Atlantic. Syntypes: (5) BMNH 1929.7.6.183 (1), 1929.7.6.184 (1); ZMUC P201923 (1). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:23 [ref. 9588]. •Synonym of Photonectes margarita (Goode & Bean 1896) -- (Gibbs & Barnett 1990:335 [ref. 14915], Prokofiev 2019:450 [ref. 36966]). Current status: Synonym of Photonectes margarita (Goode & Bean 1896). Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

mononema, Diplolychnus Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1929:28, Pl. 5 (fig. 2) [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 5); ref. 3680] Caribbean Sea west of St. Croix Island, Dana station 1279 and 1281, 17°43'N, 64°56'W, 300-1200 meters of wire out. Syntypes: BMNH 1929.1.4.121 (1), ZMUC P202858 (1). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:28 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Diplolychnus mononema Regan & Trewavas 1929 -- (Gibbs 1964:341 [ref. 6960]). •Valid as Borostomias mononema (Regan & Trewavas 1929) -- (Gibbs & Morrow 1973:128 [ref. 7174], Fujii in Uyeno et al. 1983:147 [ref. 14275], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:333 [ref. 13675], Gibbs 1986:233 [ref. 5655], Paxton et al. 1989:196 [ref. 12442], Paulin et al. 1989:100 [ref. 24556], Gibbs 1990:305 [ref. 14899], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:460 [ref. 23897], Fricke 1999:90 [ref. 24106], Harold 1999:1906 [ref. 24741], Hutchins 2001:19 [ref. 25847], Harold 2003:895 [ref. 27001], Paxton et al. 2006:438 [ref. 28995], Stewart & Kenaley 2015:483 [ref. 34250], Harold 2016:1799 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:96 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:97 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:173 [ref. 39448], Robertson et al. 2022:87 [ref. 39353], Page et al. 2023:87 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Borostomias mononema (Regan & Trewavas 1929). Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Circumglobal, except eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

multifilis, Eustomias Parin [N. V.] & Pokhil'skaya [G. N.] 1978:72, Fig. 1 [Biologiya Morya (Vladivostok) v. 1978 (no. 1); ref. 8896] Southeastern Indian Ocean off southwestern Australia, 33°34'S, 112°53'E, depth 1000 meters. Holotype (unique): ZIN 42661. •Valid as Eustomias multifilis Parin & Pokhil'skaya 1978 -- (Gibbs et al. 1983:82 [ref. 5269], Paxton et al. 1989:200 [ref. 12442], Hutchins 2001:19 [ref. 25847], Paxton et al. 2006:446 [ref. 28995], Kenaley et al. 2008:249 [ref. 30630]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias multifilis Parin & Pokhil'skaya 1978. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Australia. Habitat: marine.

multifilis, Leptostomias Imai [S.] 1941:241, Figs. 8-9 [Japanese Journal of Zoology v. 9 (no. 2, art. 14); ref. 13244] Suruga Bay, Japan, 34°54'N, 138°39'E to 34°47'N, 138°38'E, 1500 meters wire out. Holotype: ZUMT 55035. Paratypes: (2) ZUMT 55036 (1). Type catalog: Aizawa et al. 2022:227 [ref. 39655]. •Valid as Leptostomias multifilis Imai 1941 -- (Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:51 [ref. 6441], Nakabo 2000:335 [ref. 25086], Shinohara et al. 2001:298 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:335 [ref. 26001], Savinykh et al. 2004:657 [ref. 27937], Parin et al. 2014:149 [ref. 33547]). Current status: Valid as Leptostomias multifilis Imai 1941. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific: Japan. Habitat: marine.

multipunctata, Photonectops Chapman [W. M.] 1939:516, Fig. 62 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 86 (no. 3062); ref. 817] Northeastern Pacific, 51°15'N, 131°37'W, wire out 700-900 meters. Holotype: USNM 108144. Paratypes: USNM 108160 (1). Stomiidae: Stomiinae. Habitat: marine.

munificus, Photonectes Gibbs [R. H., Jr.] 1968:1, Fig. 1 [Contributions in Science (Los Angeles) No. 149; ref. 7892] South Pacific, subtropical convergence zone, 41°50'S, 130°12'W to 41°46'S, 130°16'W, depth about 0-440 meters. Holotype (unique): LACM 11282-1. •Valid as Photonectes munificus Gibbs 1968 -- (Pequeño 1997:81 [ref. 23536], Klepadlo 2011:202 [ref. 31414] in subgenus Trachinostomias, Prokofiev 2015:131 [ref. 33761], Prokofiev 2019:450 [ref. 36966]). Current status: Valid as Photonectes munificus Gibbs 1968. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Southeastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

myersi, Pseudeustomias Fowler [H. W.] 1934:262, Fig. 22 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 85 (for 1933); ref. 1416] Sulu Sea, vicinity of southern Panay Island, Philippines, Albatross station D.5125, depth 411 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 92342. •Synonym of Stomias affinis Günther 1887 -- (Gibbs 1990:296 [ref. 14899]). Current status: Synonym of Stomias affinis Günther 1887. Stomiidae: Stomiinae. Habitat: marine.

myriaster, Astronesthes Zugmayer [E.] 1913:4 [Bulletin de l'Institut Océanographique (Monaco) No. 253; ref. 5032] Off Madeira, 31°32'N, 17°22'W, station 3107, depth 0-4000 meters. Holotype (unique): MOM 0091-1366. Type catalog: Belloc 1949:8 [ref. 21544]. •Synonym of Astronesthes niger Richardson 1845 -- (Gibbs 1964:329 [ref. 6960], Gibbs & Morrow 1973:126 [ref. 7174], Parin & Borodulina 2002:442 [ref. 26267] with question). •Synonym of Astronesthes nigra Richardson 1845. Current status: Synonym of Astronesthes nigra Richardson 1845. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Habitat: marine.

natalisa, Eustomias (Dinematochirus) Prokofiev [A. M.] 2020:332, Figs. 1-2a [Journal of Ichthyology v. 60 (no. 2); ref. 37510] Coral Sea, New Caledonia, 0°55'1.2"S, 169°52'58.8"E, depth 900 meters. Holotype (unique): MNHN 2003-2059. •Valid as Eustomias natalisa Prokofiev 2020. Current status: Valid as Eustomias natalisa Prokofiev 2020. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Coral Sea, New Caledonia, Pacific. Habitat: marine.

nebulosus, Stomias Alcock [A. W.] 1889:451 [27] [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 6) v. 4 (no. 24); ref. 20525] Gulf of Manaar, 6°29'N, 79°34'E, Investigator, depth 597 fathoms. Syntypes: ZSI F11734-5 (2, poor condition). Type catalog: Menon & Yazdani 1968:102 [ref. 20743], Menon & Rama-Rao 1975:34 [ref. 22148]. On p. 27 of separate. Figured in Alcock 1892: Pl. 7 (fig. 1) [ref. 20531]. •Valid as Stomias nebulosus Alcock 1889 -- (Gibbs 1969:7 [ref. 14912], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:49 [ref. 6441], Fink & Fink 1986:494 [ref. 5176], Gibbs 1986:230 [ref. 5655], Fricke 1999:90 [ref. 24106], Harold 1999:1908 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:323 [ref. 25086], Randall & Lim in Randall & Lim 2000:591 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2002:323 [ref. 26001], Shinohara et al. 2005:406 [ref. 28370], Mundy 2005:178 [ref. 28379], Fricke et al. 2011:358 [ref. 31242]). Current status: Valid as Stomias nebulosus Alcock 1889. Stomiidae: Stomiinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific. Habitat: marine.

neopogon, Astronesthes Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1929:20, Pl. 2 (fig. 1) [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 5); ref. 3680] North Atlantic, Dana station 1368, 34°40'N, 33°16'W, depth 350 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMUC P201891. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:27 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Astronesthes neopogon Regan & Trewavas 1929 -- (Gibbs 1964:326 [ref. 6960], Gibbs & Morrow 1973:127 [ref. 7174], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:330 [ref. 13675], Gibbs 1990:303 [ref. 14899], Santos et al. 1997:34 [ref. 23531], Porteiro et al. 1999:9 [ref. 24203], Parin & Borodulina 2000:S18 [ref. 26044], Harold 2003:895 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:185 [ref. 27076], Parin & Borodulina 2003:594 [ref. 27333], Harold 2016:1799 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:94 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:86 [ref. 37832], Page et al. 2023:86 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Astronesthes neopogon Regan & Trewavas 1929. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

nicholsi, Neonesthes Beebe [W.] 1933:160, Fig. 1 [Copeia 1933 (no. 4); ref. 246] 9 miles south of Nonsuch Island, Bermuda, depth 800 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 170925 [ex NYZS 17529]. Other specimens: NYZS (7). Type catalog: Mead 1958:134 [ref. 20648]. •Synonym of Neonesthes capensis (Gilchrist & von Bonde 1924) -- (Gibbs 1964:349 [ref. 6960], Gibbs & Morrow 1973:128 [ref. 7174], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:333 [ref. 13675], Gibbs 1990:306 [ref. 14899]). Current status: Synonym of Neonesthes capensis (Gilchrist & von Bonde 1924). Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Habitat: marine.

nicholsi, Stomioides Parr [A. E.] 1933:177, Fig. B [Copeia 1933 (no. 4); ref. 3374] 220 miles east-southeast of Thatcher's Island, Gulf of Maine, above 250 fathoms depth (stomach content). Holotype: MCZ 35779 [ex Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. 2010]. •Synonym of Stomias boa (Risso 1810) -- (Morrow 1973:132 [ref. 7175], Scott & Scott 1988:182 [ref. 25518]). Current status: Synonym of Stomias boa (Risso 1810). Stomiidae: Stomiinae. Habitat: marine.

niger, Idiacanthus Regan [C. T.] 1914:14 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 8) v. 13 (no. 73); ref. 3661] New Zealand. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1913.12.4.2. •Valid as Idiacanthus niger Regan 1914 -- (Regan 1916:378 [ref. 40111], Gibbs 1964:513 [ref. 6961], Pequeño 1989:33 [ref. 14125], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:252 [ref. 28944]). •Synonym of Idiacanthus atlanticus Brauer 1906 -- (Krueger 1990:341 [ref. 14983], Aizawa in Amaoka et al. 1990:124 [ref. 16024], Gon 1990:129 [ref. 21680]). Current status: Synonym of Idiacanthus atlanticus Brauer 1906. Stomiidae: Idiacanthinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific [if valid]. Habitat: marine.

niger, Malacosteus Ayres [W. O.] 1848:69 [Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History v. 3 (1848-1851); ref. 154] Southeast of Nova Scotia, 42°N, 50°W, Canada. Holotype (unique): Coll. L. Felt, Boston. Also appeared in Ayres 1849:54 [ref. 5864]. •Valid as Malacosteus niger Ayres 1848 -- (Morrow 1964:545 [ref. 6958], Goodyear 1973:142 [ref. 7176], Fujii in Uyeno et al. 1983:156 [ref. 14275], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:369 [ref. 13675], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:53 [ref. 6441], Machida in Okamura & Kitajima 1984:157, 341 [ref. 8057], Goodyear & Gibbs 1986:236 [ref. 5658], Scott & Scott 1988:181 [ref. 25518], Paxton et al. 1989:204 [ref. 12442], Pequeño 1989:31 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:103 [ref. 24556], McAllister 1990:96 [ref. 14674], Goodyear 1990:339 [ref. 14930], Nielsen & Schwägermann in Okamura et al. 1995:94 [ref. 22531], Balanov & Fedorov 1996:344 [ref. 24646], Shinohara et al. 1996:162 [ref. 26605], Santos et al. 1997:36 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:39 [ref. 24952], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:474 [ref. 23897], Fricke 1999:90 [ref. 24106], Porteiro et al. 1999:31 [ref. 24203], Harold 1999:1917 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:345 [ref. 25086], Randall & Lim in Randall & Lim 2000:591 [ref. 25122], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:21 [ref. 25650], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:228 [ref. 25968], Hutchins 2001:19 [ref. 25847], Nakabo 2002:345 [ref. 26001], Harold 2003:903 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:192 [ref. 27076], Love et al. 2005:38 [ref. 37547], Shinohara et al. 2005:407 [ref. 28370], Mundy 2005:191 [ref. 28379], Paxton et al. 2006:455 [ref. 28994], Kenaley 2007:889 [ref. 29441], Kenaley et al. 2008:253 [ref. 30630], Costa & Mincarone 2010:353 [ref. 37483], Møller et al. 2010:30 [ref. 31169], Fricke et al. 2011:358 [ref. 31242], Fricke et al. 2014:26 [ref. 33932], Parin et al. 2014:148 [ref. 33547], Kenaley & Stewart 2015:529 [ref. 34248], Afonso et al. 2016:27, 218 [ref. 36199], Bañón et al. 2016:310 [ref. 34397], Harold 2016:1808 [ref. 34568], Schnell & Johnson 2017:5 [ref. 35193], Brown et al. 2019:159 [ref. 36444], Fricke et al. 2019:62 [ref. 36673], Carneiro et al. 2019:101 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:116 [ref. 37832], Bañón & Maño 2021:55 [ref. 38883], Eduardo et al. 2021:4 [ref. 38817], Love et al. 2021:60 [ref. 39279], Eduardo et al. 2022:6 [ref. 39574], Fermon et al. 2022:179 [ref. 39448], Simian et al. 2022:374 [ref. 40776], Villarins et al. 2022:41 [ref. 39442], Page et al. 2023:89 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Malacosteus niger Ayres 1848. Stomiidae: Malacosteinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical seas. Habitat: marine.

niger, Melanostomias Gilchrist [J. D. F.] & von Bonde [C.] 1924:6, Pl. 2 (fig. 2) [Report Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey, Union of South Africa v. 3 (no. 7) (1922); ref. 1649] Off Table Bay, South Africa, southeastern Atlantic, Pickle station 530, depth 135 fathoms. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. •Valid as Melanostomias niger Gilchrist & von Bonde 1924 -- (Gibbs 1986:241 [ref. 5655], Paxton et al. 1989:201 [ref. 12442], Aizawa in Amaoka et al. 1990:121 [ref. 16024], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:329 [ref. 14915], Gomon et al. 1994:260 [ref. 22532], Menezes et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:47 [ref. 27192], Paxton et al. 2006:448 [ref. 28995], Kenaley et al. 2008:250 [ref. 30630], Kenaley & Stewart 2015:514 [ref. 34248], Harold 2016:1814 [ref. 34568], Sutton et al. 2020:117 [ref. 37832]). Current status: Valid as Melanostomias niger Gilchrist & von Bonde 1924. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Southern Hemisphere circumglobal. Habitat: marine.

niger, Stomias Rüppell [W. P. E. S.] 1845:359 [Atti della Settima Adunanza degli Scienziati Italiani Sesta Riunione, Milano Pt. 1 (for 1844); ref. 26450] Nomen Nudum. Stomiidae.

nigerrimus, Bathophilus Giglioli [E. H.] 1882:199 [Nature (London) v. 27 (no. 687); ref. 1620] Messina, Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. Holotype (unique): MZUF 4706. Type catalog: Vanni 1991:221 [ref. 20099]. Also as Giglioli 1884:261, 1 fig. [ref. 5325]. •Valid as Bathophilus nigerrimus Giglioli 1882 -- (Morrow 1973:135 [ref. 7175], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:343 [ref. 13675], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:52 [ref. 6441], Gibbs 1986:237 [ref. 5655], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:310 [ref. 14915], Santos et al. 1997:35 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:36 [ref. 24952], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:486 [ref. 23897], Fricke 1999:90 [ref. 24106], Porteiro et al. 1999:30 [ref. 24203], Harold 1999:1912 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:333 [ref. 25086], Hutchins 2001:19 [ref. 25847], Nakabo 2002:333 [ref. 26001], Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001], Golani 2005:21 [ref. 37112], Paxton et al. 2006:444 [ref. 28995], Prokofiev 2014:3787 [ref. 33470], Harold 2016:1813 [ref. 34568], Nión et al. 2016:36 [ref. 35565], Fricke et al. 2018:67 [ref. 35805], Carneiro et al. 2019:96 [ref. 37250], Reiner 2019:96 [ref. 38139], Sutton et al. 2020:94 [ref. 37832], Golani 2021:23 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:24 [ref. 39014], Tsagarakis et al. 2021:643 [ref. 38798], Eduardo et al. 2022:6 [ref. 39574], Fermon et al. 2022:174 [ref. 39448], Villarins et al. 2022:46 [ref. 39442], Page et al. 2023:87 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Bathophilus nigerrimus Giglioli 1882. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and temperate seas (including Mediterranean Sea). Habitat: marine.

nigra, Astronesthes Richardson [J.] 1845:97, Pl. 50 (figs. 1-3) [Ichthyology.--Part 2. The zoology of the voyage of H. M. S. Sulphur; ref. 20574] Locality unknown (supposed to be China seas). Holotype (unique): BMNH 1970.5.19.1. Spelled niger on plate. The gender of Astronesthes is feminine, and niger an adjective; therefore ending nigra is correct. •Valid as Astronesthes niger Richardson 1845 -- (Gibbs 1964:329 [ref. 6960], Gibbs & Morrow 1973:126 [ref. 7174], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:330 [ref. 13675], Gibbs 1986:232 [ref. 5655], Scott & Scott 1988:174 [ref. 25518], McAllister 1990:93 [ref. 14674], Gibbs 1990:303 [ref. 14899], Santos et al. 1997:34 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:35 [ref. 24952], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:456 [ref. 23897], Fricke 1999:89 [ref. 24106], Porteiro et al. 1999:30 [ref. 24203], Parin & Borodulina 2002:442 [ref. 26267], Harold 2003:895 [ref. 27001], Menezes et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:46 [ref. 27192], Moore et al. 2003:185 [ref. 27076], Parin & Borodulina 2003:595 [ref. 27333], Kenaley et al. 2008:241 [ref. 30630], Harold 2016:1799 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:94 [ref. 37250], Reiner 2019:93 [ref. 38139], Iglésias et al. 2020:291 [ref. 37987], Sutton et al. 2020:92 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:173 [ref. 39448], Page et al. 2023:86 [ref. 40505]). •Valid as Astronesthes nigra Richardson 1845. Current status: Valid as Astronesthes nigra Richardson 1845. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Circumglobal. Habitat: marine.

nigrifilis, Eustomias Parr [A. E.] 1927:(62) 81, Figs. 8, 49 [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 3 (art. 2); ref. 3367] Tongue of the Ocean, Bahamas, 24°29'N, 77°29'W, 8000 feet wire out. Holotype (unique): YPM 2044. Type catalog: Moore & Boardman 1991:19 [ref. 16741]. •Synonym of Eustomias fissibarbis (Pappenheim 1914) -- (Parin & Pokhil'skaya 1974:334 [ref. 7527], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:317 [ref. 14915], Clarke 2000:101 [ref. 24255]). Current status: Synonym of Eustomias fissibarbis (Pappenheim 1914). Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

nigroaxialis, Melanostomias Parin [N. V.] & Pokhil'skaya [G. N.] 1978:72 [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 111; ref. 8897] Western Pacific, 5°29'S, 130°49'E. Holotype: ZIN 43783. Paratypes: (1). •Valid as Melanostomias nigroaxialis Parin & Pokhil'skaya 1978 -- (Kenaley & Stewart 2015:515 [ref. 34248]). Current status: Valid as Melanostomias nigroaxialis Parin & Pokhil'skaya 1978. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western Pacific. Habitat: marine.

nigroides, Astronesthes Gibbs [R. H., Jr.] & Aron [W.] 1960:134, Fig. 1 [Copeia 1960 (no. 2); ref. 11915] Eastern Pacific off California, U.S.A., 38°55'42"N, 137°44'36"W, depth 225 meters. Holotype (unique): USNM 179754. •Valid as Astronesthes nigroides Gibbs & Aron 1960 -- (Borodulina 1992:25 [ref. 20777], Nakabo 2000:328 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:328 [ref. 26001], Parin & Borodulina 2003:595 [ref. 27333], Parin et al. 2003:458 [ref. 27942], Mundy 2005:175 [ref. 28379], Parin et al. 2014:147 [ref. 33547], Page et al. 2023:86 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Astronesthes nigroides Gibbs & Aron 1960. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Pacific, subarctic and subtropical zones, including Hawaiian Ridge. Habitat: marine.

novicki, Bathophilus Barnett [M. A.] & Gibbs [R. H., Jr.] 1968:829 [Copeia 1968 (no. 4); ref. 7863] Arabian Sea, 15°48'N, 65°00'E, depth 0-564 meters. Holotype: USNM 201942. Paratypes: Dana station 3782 (1). •Valid as Bathophilus novicki Barnett & Gibbs 1968 -- (Prokofiev 2014:379 [ref. 33470] as cf. novicki, Rajakrishnan et al. 2023:2 [ref. 40430]). Current status: Valid as Bathophilus novicki Barnett & Gibbs 1968. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Arabian Sea; Banda (Indonesia). Habitat: marine.

obscurus, Eustomias Vaillant [L. L.] in Filhol 1884:185, Fig. 3 [La Nature, Paris No. 559, 16 Feb. 1884; ref. 1326] Azores, Talisman station 120, northeastern Atlantic, depth 2792 meters. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1885-0064. Type catalog: Bertin 1940:310 [ref. 293]. Also appeared in Vaillant 1888:113, Pl. 8 (figs. 3, 3a) [ref. 4496], and usually dated to 1888. •Valid as Eustomias obscurus Vaillant 1888 [should be 1884] -- (Morrow 1973:138 [ref. 7175], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:349 [ref. 13675], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:320 [ref. 14915], Santos et al. 1997:36 [ref. 23531], Santos et al. 1997:37 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:37 [ref. 24952], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:511 [ref. 23897], Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:188 [ref. 27076], Harold 2016:1814 [ref. 34568], Schnell & Johnson 2017:4 [ref. 35193], Carneiro et al. 2019:99 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:105 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:176 [ref. 39448], Page et al. 2023:88 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias obscurus Vaillant 1884. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

oculatus, Astronesthes Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1929:15, Pl. 1 (fig. 2) [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 5); ref. 3680] West of St. Croix Island, Caribbean Sea, 17°45'00"N, 64°55'30"W, depth 275 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMUC P202614. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:27 [ref. 9588]. •Synonym of Astronesthes richardsoni (Poey 1852) -- (Gibbs 1964:331 [ref. 6960], Gibbs 1990:304 [ref. 14899], Parin & Borodulina 2000:S20 [ref. 26044]). Current status: Synonym of Astronesthes richardsoni (Poey 1852). Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Habitat: marine.

oligoa, Astronesthes Parin [N. V.] & Borodulina [O. D.] 2002:445, Fig. 6 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 42 (no. 4); ref. 26267] Mid-Atlantic, 21°23'N, 35°11'W. Holotype: USNM 301062. Paratypes: MCZ 133104 (7), USNM 371778 [ex. USNM 301062] (1). •Valid as Astronesthes oligoa Parin & Borodulina 2002 -- (Parin & Borodulina 2003:595 [ref. 27333], Sutton et al. 2020:92 [ref. 37832], Page et al. 2023:86 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Astronesthes oligoa Parin & Borodulina 2002. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Northwestern Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

ophioglossa, Eustomias (Nominostomias) Villarins [B. T.], Fischer [L. G.], Prokofiev [A. M.] & Mincarone [M. M.] 2023:7, Figs. 4, 7C-D [Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society Advance access; ref. 40593] Off Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, ABRACOS station AB2#44A, Brazil, 03°52ʹ53"S, 32°17ʹ33"W - 03°52ʹ13"S, 32°16ʹ28"W, depth 780 meters. Holotype (unique): NPM 4878. •Valid as Eustomias ophioglossa Villarins, Fischer, Prokofiev & Mincarone 2023. Current status: Valid as Eustomias ophioglossa Villarins, Fischer, Prokofiev & Mincarone 2023. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: eastern Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, Brazil. Habitat: marine.

ophistoma, Heterophotus Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1929:29, Pl. 6 (fig. 1) [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 5); ref. 3680] North Atlantic, depth 600-2500 meters. Syntypes: (9) BMNH 1929.1.14.122 (1), 1929.1.4.123 (1), 929.1.4.129 (1); ZMUC P202081 (1), P202859-62 (4). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:28 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Heterophotus ophistoma Regan & Trewavas 1929 -- (Gibbs 1964:342 [ref. 6960], Fujii in Uyeno et al. 1983:148 [ref. 14275], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:50 [ref. 6441], Paxton et al. 1989:196 [ref. 12442], Gibbs 1990:306 [ref. 14899], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:461 [ref. 23897], Harold 1999:1906 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:324 [ref. 25086], Hutchins 2001:19 [ref. 25847], Nakabo 2002:324 [ref. 26001], Harold 2003:895 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:186 [ref. 27076], Mundy 2005:177 [ref. 28379], Paxton et al. 2006:438 [ref. 28995], Liao et al. 2006:526 [ref. 29419], Fricke et al. 2011:357 [ref. 31242], Harold 2016:1799 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:100 [ref. 37250], Klautau et al. 2020:7 [ref. 37903], Sutton et al. 2020:78 [ref. 37832], Eduardo et al. 2022:6 [ref. 39574], Fermon et al. 2022:173 [ref. 39448], Villarins et al. 2022:36 [ref. 39442], Page et al. 2023:88 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Heterophotus ophistoma Regan & Trewavas 1929. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and subtropical seas. Habitat: marine.

orientalis, Eustomias Gibbs [R. H., Jr.], Clarke [T. A.] & Gomon [J. R.] 1983:30, Fig. 5f [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 380; ref. 5269] Northwestern Pacific, 25°13'N, 128°32'W, depth 0-100 meters. Holotype: IOM uncat. Paratypes: ZMUC P202703 (1). •Valid as Eustomias orientalis Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983 -- (Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:53 [ref. 6441], Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:344 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:344 [ref. 26001], Shinohara et al. 2005:406 [ref. 28370]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias orientalis Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western North Pacific. Habitat: marine.

orientalis, Microdontostomias Fowler [H. W.] 1934:261, Fig. 21 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 85 (for 1933); ref. 1416] Makyan Island, Philippines, 0°15'N, 127°24'35"E, Albatross station D.5621, depth 298 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 92341. Stomiidae: Stomiinae. Habitat: marine.

orientalis, Stomias colubrinus Blache [J.] 1963:63 [Cahiers O. R. S. T. O. M. (Office de la Recherche Scientifique et Technique Outre-Mer) Série Océanographie No. 5; ref. 1320] Gulf of Guinea. Syntypes: MNHN 1964-0405 through 1964-0434 (3, 1, 3, 1, 1, 7, 1, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 2, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 7, 3, 3, 2, 1, 2, 3, 1, 1). Subjectively invalid; secondarily preoccupied by Microdontostomias orientalis Fowler 1934, replaced by Stomias lampropeltis Gibbs 1969. •Synonym of Stomias lampropeltis Gibbs 1969 -- (Gibbs 1990:298 [ref. 14899]). 2°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Stomias lampropeltis Gibbs 1969. Stomiidae: Stomiinae. Habitat: marine.

ovatus, Grammatostomias Prokofiev [A. M.] 2014:483, Fig. [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 54 (no. 4); ref. 33469] Atlantic Ocean, 20°43'6 N, 33°38'3 W, 1000 to 0 depth. Holotype (unique): ZMMU 23230. •Valid as Grammatostomias ovatus Prokofiev 2014 -- (Eduardo et al. 2022:6 [ref. 39574], Villarins et al. 2022:53 [ref. 39442]). Current status: Valid as Grammatostomias ovatus Prokofiev 2014. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Atlantic, from 20°N to 4°S. Habitat: marine.

ovibarba, Photonectes Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:121, Fig. 115c [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] North Atlantic. Syntypes: (11) BMNH 1929.7.6.174 (1), 1929.7.6.175-176 (2); MNHN 1938-0133 (1); ZMUC P202064-70. •Valid as Photonectes ovibarba Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Flynn & Klepadlo 2012:265 [ref. 32343] or P. braueri). •Synonym of Photonectes braueri (Zugmayer 1913) -- (Morrow 1973:141 [ref. 7175], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:333 [ref. 14915], Prokofiev 2019:450 [ref. 36966]). Current status: Synonym of Photonectes braueri (Zugmayer 1913). Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

pacificus, Diplolychnus Imai [S.] 1941:235, Figs. 2-3 [Japanese Journal of Zoology v. 9 (no. 2, art. 14); ref. 13244] Suruga Bay, Japan. Holotype: ZUMT 55038. Paratypes: (7) ZUMT 55039-40 (2), 55041-43 (3), 55044-45 (2). Type catalog: Aizawa et al. 2022:226 [ref. 39655]. •Valid as Borostomias pacificus (Imai 1941) -- (Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:50 [ref. 6441], Machida in Okamura & Kitajima 1984:153, 339 [ref. 8057], Okamura & Machida 1986:33 [ref. 22278], Nakabo 2000:325 [ref. 25086], Shinohara et al. 2001:297 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:325 [ref. 26001], Shinohara et al. 2005:406 [ref. 28370], Mundy 2005:177 [ref. 28379]). Current status: Valid as Borostomias pacificus (Imai 1941). Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific: Japan; central Pacific: Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.). Habitat: marine.

pacificus, Eustomias Gibbs [R. H., Jr.], Clarke [T. A.] & Gomon [J. R.] 1983:94, Fig. 27a [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 380; ref. 5269] Northwestern Pacific, west of Oahu, Hawaiian Islands, 21°20'N, 158°20'W, depth 0-170 meters. Holotype: USNM 223788. Paratypes: AMNH 55677 [ex AMNH 43494] (1); BPBM 26418 (1); IOM uncat. (1); SIO 80-174 (1); USNM 223787 (1), 223789-95 (1 ea, = 7). Additional material: USNM. •Valid as Eustomias pacificus Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983 -- (Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741], Mundy 2005:185 [ref. 28379]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias pacificus Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western and central Pacific: Mariana Islands, Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine.

pacificus, Macrostomias Fedorov [V. V.] & Mel'chikova [L. I.] 1971:764 [653], Fig. 2 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 11 (no. 5); ref. 765] North Pacific, 37°27'N, 152°00.5'E, depth 600 meters. Holotype: ZIN 38919. Paratypes: ZIN 38920 (1), 38921 (1), uncat. (1). On p. 653 of English translation. •Synonym of Macrostomias longibarbatus Brauer 1902 -- (Paxton et al. 1989:206 [ref. 12442], Paxton et al. 2006:442 [ref. 28995]). •Valid as Stomias pacificus (Fedorov & Mel'chikova 1971) -- (Fink & Fink 1986:494 [ref. 5176], Mundy 2005:178 [ref. 28379]). •Valid as Macrostomias pacificus Fedorov & Mel'chikova 1971 -- (Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:49 [ref. 6441], Nakabo 2000:323 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:323 [ref. 26001]). Current status: Valid as Stomias pacificus (Fedorov & Mel'chikova 1971). Stomiidae: Stomiinae. Distribution: Western and Central North Pacific: southern Japan to Emperor Seamounts (Hawaiian Ridge). Habitat: marine.

pammelas, Chauliodus Alcock [A. W.] 1892:355 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 6) v. 10 (no. 59); ref. 88] Laccadive Sea, 8°49'N, 73°18'45"E, Investigator station 126, depth 1370 fathoms. Holotype (unique): ZSI 13183. Figured in Alcock 1900: Pl. 30 (fig. 4) [ref. 20536]. •Valid as Chauliodus pammelas Alcock 1892 -- (Gibbs & Hurwitz 1967 [ref. 21328], Parin & Novikova 1974:285 [ref. 7528]). Current status: Valid as Chauliodus pammelas Alcock 1892. Stomiidae: Chauliodontinae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine.

panamensis, Borostomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1929:26, Pl. 4 (fig. 1) [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 5); ref. 3680] Gulf of Panama, Dana station 1208, 6°48'N, 80°33'W, depth 1800 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMUC P202856. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:27 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Borostomias panamensis Regan & Trewavas 1929 -- (Pequeño 1989:31 [ref. 14125], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:251 [ref. 28944], Love et al. 2005:38 [ref. 37547], Love et al. 2021:59 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:87 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Borostomias panamensis Regan & Trewavas 1929. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: southern California (U.S.A.) south to northern Chile. Habitat: marine.

panamensis, Idiacanthus Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:131, Pl. 6 (fig. 2) [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] Gulf of Panama, eastern Pacific. Syntypes: (32 + 19 juveniles) BMNH 1929.7.6.210-222 (8 lots); MNHN 1938-0127 (1); ZMUC P204478-204516 (38), P205050-205068 (19). Type catalog: Bertin 1940:310 [ref. 293], Nielsen 1974:29 [ref. 9588]. •Probably a synonym of Idiacanthus antrostomus Gilbert 1890 -- (Gibbs 1964:513 [ref. 6961]). Current status: Uncertain as Idiacanthus antrostomus Gilbert 1890. Stomiidae: Idiacanthinae. Habitat: marine.

paradoxus, Stylophthalmus Brauer [A.] 1902:298 [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 25 (no. 668); ref. 631] Off Cape of Good Hope, southeastern Atlantic, station 115; Antarctic Ocean, stations 136, 139; Indian Ocean, stations 215, 231 and 239. Lectotype: ZMB 17458. Paralectotypes: (6 lots) ?SMF 2067 (1) station 135; ZMB 17455-57 (1, 1, 1), 17459 (1, disintegrated); ZMH 8172 (1). Type catalog: Wilkens & Dohse 1993:411 [ref. 21161]. SMF 2067 is probably not part of the syntype series, as the station number was not listed in the original description. Lectotype designated by Gon et al. 2022:55 [ref. 39777]. •Synonym of Idiacanthus atlanticus Brauer 1906 in part -- (Hulley 1986:234 [ref. 5672], Gon 1990:129 [ref. 21680]). •Synonym of Idiacanthus fasciola Peters 1877 -- (Hulley 1986:234 [ref. 5672], Gon et al. 2022:49 [ref. 39777]). Current status: Synonym of Idiacanthus fasciola Peters 1877. Stomiidae: Idiacanthinae. Habitat: marine.

parini, Eustomias Clarke [T. A.] 2001:688, Fig. 2C [Copeia 2001 (no. 3); ref. 25448] Central North Pacific, near Hawaii, depth 0-800 meters. Holotype: USNM 321930. Paratypes: SIO 68-535 (1); USNM 323047-48 (1, 1), 337919 (1), 341945 (1); plus nontype material. •Valid as Eustomias parini Clarke 2001 -- (Mundy 2005:185 [ref. 28379], Paxton et al. 2006:447 [ref. 28995]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias parini Clarke 2001. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western and central Pacific: Philippines east to Hawaiian islands, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to northern Coral Sea. Habitat: marine.

parri, Eustomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:94, Pl. 8 (fig. 3); Figs. 78, 79a [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] North Atlantic, 30°25'N, 44°46'W, Dana station 1363, depth 350 meters (1000 meters of wire out). Holotype (unique): ZMUC P201906. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:17 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Eustomias parri Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001], Prokofiev 2015:102 [ref. 33690], Harold 2016:1814 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:99 [ref. 37250], Page et al. 2023:88 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias parri Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: North Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

parvibulbus, Eustomias bigelowi Parr [A. E.] 1927:79, Fig. 46 [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 3 (art. 2); ref. 3367] Off Acklins Island, Bahamas, 22°31'N, 74°26'W, 10000 feet wire out. Holotype (unique): YPM 2096. See Parin & Pokhil'skaya 1974:336 [ref. 7527]. •Valid as Eustomias parvibulbus Parr 1927 -- (McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:512 [ref. 23897]). •Synonym of Eustomias bigelowi Welsh 1923 -- (Gibbs & Barnett 1990:315 [ref. 14915], Clarke 2000:99 [ref. 24255]). Current status: Synonym of Eustomias bigelowi Welsh 1923. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

parvimanus, Photonectes Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:124, Figs. 118-119 [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] North Atlantic. Syntypes: (10) BMNH 1929.7.6.177-178 (2); ZMUC P202071-77 (7). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:24 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Photonectes parvimanus Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:364 [ref. 13675], Gibbs 1986:243 [ref. 5655], Paxton et al. 1989:202 [ref. 12442], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:336 [ref. 14915], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:539 [ref. 23897], Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741], Harold 2003:912 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:191 [ref. 27076], Mundy 2005:189 [ref. 28379], Paxton et al. 2006:451 [ref. 28995], Klepadlo 2011:202 [ref. 31414] in subgenus Trachinostomias, Flynn & Klepadlo 2012:265 [ref. 32343], Fricke et al. 2014:26 [ref. 33932], Prokofiev 2015:132 [ref. 33761], Harold 2016:1815 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:103 [ref. 37250], Prokofiev 2019:450 [ref. 36966], Sutton et al. 2020:122 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:178 [ref. 39448], Page et al. 2023:89 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Photonectes parvimanus Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical seas, but not in eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

patulus, Eustomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:86, Figs. 65, 67A [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] North Atlantic, 26°15'N, 20°53'W, Dana station 1155, depth 150 meters (400 meters wire out). Holotype (unique): ZMUC P201907. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:17 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Eustomias patulus Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Gibbs et al. 1983:100 [ref. 5269], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:321 [ref. 14915], Harold 2016:1814 [ref. 34568], Sutton et al. 2020:110 [ref. 37832]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias patulus Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Eastern Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

paucidentatus, Photonectoides Koefoed [E.] 1956:11, Pl. 3 (fig. B) [Scientific Results of the Michael Sars North Atlantic Deep-Sea Expedition 1910 v. 4 (pt 2, no. 5); ref. 2653] North Atlantic, 28°42'N, 20°00'W, station 45, 300 meters of wire out. Holotype (unique): ZMUB 5292. Type catalog: Frøiland 1979:145 [ref. 21547]. •Synonym of Photonectes braueri (Zugmayer 1913) -- (Gibbs & Barnett 1990:333 [ref. 14915], Prokofiev 2019:450 [ref. 36966]). Current status: Synonym of Photonectes braueri (Zugmayer 1913). Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

paucifilis, Eustomias bigelowi Parr [A. E.] 1927:79, Fig. 45 [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 3 (art. 2); ref. 3367] Tongue of the Ocean, Bahamas, 23°58'N, 77°26'W, 7000 feet wire out. Holotype: YPM 2095. Type catalog: Moore & Boardman 1991:17 [ref. 16741]. •Synonym of Eustomias bigelowi Welsh 1923 -- (Parin & Pokhil'skaya 1974:338 [ref. 7527]). •Valid as Eustomias paucifilis Parr 1927 -- (Clarke 2000:104 [ref. 24255], Clarke 2001:687 [ref. 25448], Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001], Page et al. 2023:88 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias paucifilis Parr 1927. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

paucifilis, Lamprotoxus Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:64, Fig. 44b [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] North Atlantic. Syntypes: (2) ZMUC P201915 (1) Dana station 844 (25°49'N, 51°55'W), 200 meters of wire out. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:20 [ref. 9588]. •Synonym of Grammatostomias flagellibarba Holt & Byrne 1910 -- (Morrow 1973:140 [ref. 7175]). Current status: Synonym of Grammatostomias flagellibarba Holt & Byrne 1910. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

paucilaternatus, Melanostomias Parin [N. V.] & Pokhil'skaya [G. N.] 1978:80, Figs. 9a-b [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 111; ref. 8897] Western Pacific, 5°38'S, 130°53'E, depth 1000 meters. Holotype: ZIN 43781. Paratypes: ZIN 43782 (1), ZMMU P-14407 (1). Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:48 [ref. 25714]. •Valid as Melanostomias paucilaternatus Parin & Pokhil'skaya 1978 -- (Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:51 [ref. 6441], Gibbs 1986:241 [ref. 5655], Paxton et al. 1989:201 [ref. 12442], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:329 [ref. 14915], Fricke 1999:90 [ref. 24106], Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:337 [ref. 25086], Hutchins 2001:19 [ref. 25847], Nakabo 2002:337 [ref. 26001], Paxton et al. 2006:449 [ref. 28995], Harold 2016:1814 [ref. 34568], Sutton et al. 2020:119 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:177 [ref. 39448] with question). Current status: Valid as Melanostomias paucilaternatus Parin & Pokhil'skaya 1978. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Eastern Atlantic; Indo-West Pacific. Habitat: marine.

pauciradius, Melanostomias Matsubara [K.] 1938:39, Fig. 2 [Journal of the Imperial Fisheries Institute v. 33 (no. 1); ref. 17159] Kumano-Nada, southeast of Kii Peninsula, Japan, depth 150 fathoms. Holotype: FAKU 1812 (not seen in 1997). •Synonym of Melanostomias macrophotus Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Gibbs & Barnett 1990:328 [ref. 14915], Mundy 2005:187 [ref. 28379]). •Valid as Melanostomias pauciradius Matsubara 1938 -- (Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:51 [ref. 6441], Paxton et al. 1989:201 [ref. 12442], Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:337 [ref. 25086], Shinohara et al. 2001:298 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:337 [ref. 26001], Paxton et al. 2006:449 [ref. 28995]). Current status: Valid as Melanostomias pauciradius Matsubara 1938. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Atlantic and West Pacific. Habitat: marine.

pawneei, Bathophilus Parr [A. E.] 1927:88, Fig. 51 [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 3 (art. 2); ref. 3367] Off the Bahamas, 24°29'N, 77°28'W. Syntypes: YPM 2072-74 (2, 2, 1). Type catalog: Moore & Boardman 1991:19 [ref. 16741]. •Valid as Bathophilus pawneei Parr 1927 -- (Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:52 [ref. 6441], Paxton et al. 1989:198 [ref. 12442], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:310 [ref. 14915], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:487 [ref. 23897], Harold 1999:1912 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:332 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:332 [ref. 26001], Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:187 [ref. 27076], Paxton et al. 2006:445 [ref. 28995], Harold 2016:1813 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:96 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:94 [ref. 37832], Eduardo et al. 2022:6 [ref. 39574], Fermon et al. 2022:174 [ref. 39448], Villarins et al. 2022:46 [ref. 39442], Page et al. 2023:87 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Bathophilus pawneei Parr 1927. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Circumglobal, except eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

paxtoni, Eustomias Clarke [T. A.] 2001:689, Fig. 2D [Copeia 2001 (no. 3); ref. 25448] Indian Ocean, 4°26'N, 85°21'E, 600 meters wire out. Holotype: ZMUC P201846. Paratypes: AMS 119738-013 (1); USNM 292243 (1), 321969 (1), 321972 (1); ZMUC P201844 (1); plus nontype material. •Valid as Eustomias paxtoni Clarke 2001 -- (Fricke et al. 2019:62 [ref. 36673], Prokofiev 2020:333 [ref. 37510]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias paxtoni Clarke 2001. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean, western Pacific: Andaman Sea and Indonesia east to Caroline Islands and Papua New Guinea. Habitat: marine.

paxtoni, Photonectes Flynn [A. J.] & Klepadlo [C.] 2012:265, Fig. 3 [Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria v. 69; ref. 32343] 5°05'S, 145°56'E, off Madang, Papua New Guinea. Holotype: AMS I.1970-243. Paratypes: AMS I.19727-023 (1). •Valid as Photonectes paxtoni Flynn & Klepadlo 2012 -- (Fricke et al. 2014:26 [ref. 33932], Prokofiev 2014:381 [ref. 33470], Koeda & Ho 2019:184 [ref. 36650], Prokofiev 2019:450 [ref. 36966], Rajakrishnan et al. 2023:4 [ref. 40681]). Current status: Valid as Photonectes paxtoni Flynn & Klepadlo 2012. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Lakshadweep (India); Papua New Guinea and Caroline Islands. Habitat: marine.

perplexus, Eustomias Gibbs [R. H., Jr.], Clarke [T. A.] & Gomon [J. R.] 1983:116, Fig. 32 (a-c) [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 380; ref. 5269] South China Sea, 10°34'N, 112°51'E, depth 0-2600 meters. Holotype: ZMUC P207437. Paratypes: IOM (1, 1, 1); SIO H52-309 (1), 73-164 (1); USNM 226217 (1), 226785 (1 c&s); ZMUC P202724-25 (1, 1), P208152 (1). Additional material: SIO 54-95 (1). •Valid as Eustomias perplexus Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983 -- (Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741], Love et al. 2005:38 [ref. 37547], Koeda & Ho 2019:102 [ref. 37152] in subgenus Nominostomias, Love et al. 2021:59 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:88 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias perplexus Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western, central equatorial and northeastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

phanobrochus, Lamprotoxus Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:64, Fig. 44c [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] Caribbean Sea; N. Atlantic. Syntypes: BMNH 1929.7.6.17-18 (2); ZMUC P201992-93 (1, 1). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:20 [ref. 9588]. •Synonym of Grammatostomias flagellibarba Holt & Byrne 1910 -- (Morrow 1973:140 [ref. 7175]). Current status: Synonym of Grammatostomias flagellibarba Holt & Byrne 1910. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

philippinus, Elapterostomias Fowler [H. W.] 1934:259, Fig. 20 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 85 (for 1933); ref. 1416] China Sea, vicinity of southern Luzon Island, Philippines, 20°05'N, 116°05'E, Albatross station D.5299, depth 524 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 92343. •Synonym of Borostomias elucens (Brauer 1906) -- (Gibbs 1964:338 [ref. 6960], Gibbs 1990:305 [ref. 14899]). Current status: Synonym of Borostomias elucens (Brauer 1906). Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Habitat: marine.

photodactylus, Aristostomias Beebe [W.] 1933:171, Fig. 7 [Copeia 1933 (no. 4); ref. 246] 10 miles south of Nonsuch Island, Bermuda. depth 700 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 170931 [ex NYZS 10932]. Type catalog: Mead 1958:132 [ref. 20648]. •Valid as Aristostomias photodactylus Beebe 1933 -- (Morrow 1964:537 [ref. 6958], Scott & Scott 1988:180 [ref. 25518]). •Synonym of Aristostomias lunifer Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Goodyear 1973:143 [ref. 7176], Goodyear & Gibbs 1986:235 [ref. 5658], McAllister 1990:95 [ref. 14674], Goodyear 1990:338 [ref. 14930]). Current status: Synonym of Aristostomias lunifer Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Malacosteinae. Habitat: marine.

phyllopogon, Photonectes Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:122, Fig. 117a [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] West of St. Lucia, Caribbean Sea, 13°47'N, 61°26'W, Dana station 1183, 100 meters (300 meters wire out). Holotype (unique): ZMUC P201921. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:24 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Photonectes phyllopogon Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Gibbs & Barnett 1990:336 [ref. 14915], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:540 [ref. 23897], Harold 2003:912 [ref. 27001], Klepadlo 2011:202 [ref. 31414] in subgenus Photonectes, Flynn & Klepadlo 2012:260 [ref. 32343], Harold 2016:1815 [ref. 34568], Koeda & Ho 2019:183 [ref. 36650], Prokofiev & Klepadlo 2019:275 [ref. 36682], Prokofiev 2019:450 [ref. 36966], Sutton et al. 2020:124 [ref. 37832], Page et al. 2023:89 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Photonectes phyllopogon Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Circumglobal, but scattered localities. Habitat: marine.

pinnatus, Eustomias Clarke [T. A.] 1999:1009, Fig. 2A [Copeia 1999 (no. 4); ref. 24186] Pacific, 8°47'N, 121°26'E, depth 790-910 meters. Holotype (unique): USNM 321962. Plus non-types. •Valid as Eustomias pinnatus Clarke 1999. Current status: Valid as Eustomias pinnatus Clarke 1999. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western Pacific. Habitat: marine.

pliopterus, Chirostomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:54, Pl. 1 (fig. 1); Fig. 30 [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] Atlantic, north of 20°N. Syntypes: (5 + 2 juveniles) BMNH 1929.7.6.1-3 (3); ZMUC P201941 (1) Dana station 38 (43°52'N, 02°27'W), ZMUC P 201942 (1) Dana station 928 (22°43'N, 45°18'W), ZMUC P201943 (1) Dana station 1377 (37°40'N, 26°00'W). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:14 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Chirostomias pliopterus Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Morrow 1973:136 [ref. 7175], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:344 [ref. 13675], Scott & Scott 1988:176 [ref. 25518], McAllister 1990:94 [ref. 14674], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:312 [ref. 14915], Santos et al. 1997:35 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:37 [ref. 24952], Porteiro et al. 1999:31 [ref. 24203], Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:187 [ref. 27076], Harold 2016:1813 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:97 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:80 [ref. 37832], Page et al. 2023:87 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Chirostomias pliopterus Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: North Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

pollicifer, Melanostomias Parin [N. V.] & Pokhil'skaya [G. N.] 1978:76 [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 111; ref. 8897] Western Pacific, 28°06'N, 134°48'E. Holotype: ZIN 43784. Paratypes: (3). •Valid as Melanostomias pollicifer Parin & Pokhil'skaya 1978 -- (Fujii in Okamura et al. 1982:85, 330 [ref. 8256], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:51 [ref. 6441], Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:336 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:336 [ref. 26001], Fricke et al. 2019:62 [ref. 36673]). Current status: Valid as Melanostomias pollicifer Parin & Pokhil'skaya 1978. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Tropical eastern Indian Ocean and western Pacific. Habitat: marine.

polyaster, Eustomias Parr [A. E.] 1927:74, Figs. 7, 42 [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 3 (art. 2); ref. 3367] Off Acklins Island, Bahamas, 22°31'N, 74°26'W, depth 0 to about 1500 meters(10000 feet of wire out). Holotype (unique): YPM 2042. Type catalog: Moore & Boardman 1991:19 [ref. 16741]. •Valid as Eustomias polyaster Parr 1927 -- (Gomon & Gibbs 1985:33 [ref. 5268], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:513 [ref. 23897], Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001], Hartel et al. 2008:323 [ref. 29890], Harold 2016:1814 [ref. 34568], Page et al. 2023:88 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias polyaster Parr 1927. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

polydactylus, Aristostomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:141, Pl. 14 (fig. 3); Fig. 136c-137 [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] Caribbean Sea; northern Atlantic. Syntypes: (11) BMNH 1929.7.6.256 (1), 1929.7.6.257 (1), 1929.7.6.258 (1), 1929.7.6.259 (1); ZMUC P201926 (1), P20427-30 (4), P20432 (1). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:26 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Aristostomias polydactylus Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Morrow 1964:538 [ref. 6958], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:53 [ref. 6441], Goodyear & Gibbs 1986:235 [ref. 5658], Scott & Scott 1988:180 [ref. 25518], Paulin et al. 1989:103 [ref. 24556], McAllister 1990:95 [ref. 14674], Goodyear 1990:339 [ref. 14930], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:471 [ref. 23897], Fricke 1999:89 [ref. 24106], Harold 1999:1917 [ref. 24741] as Aristomias, Nakabo 2000:345 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:345 [ref. 26001], Moore et al. 2003:192 [ref. 27076], Mundy 2005:191 [ref. 28379], Kenaley & Stewart 2015:527 [ref. 34248], Harold 2016:1808 [ref. 34568], Sutton et al. 2020:84 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:179 [ref. 39448], Page et al. 2023:86 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Aristostomias polydactylus Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Malacosteinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and temperate seas, but not eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

posti, Eustomias Gibbs [R. H., Jr.], Clarke [T. A.] & Gomon [J. R.] 1983:78, Fig. 21 [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 380; ref. 5269] Southwestern Atlantic, 21°00'S, 30°00'W, depth 0-200 meters. Holotype: ISH 754-1966. Paratypes: ISH 718-1966 (1), 1857-1966 (2), 2200-1968 (1); MCZ 56669 (1); USNM 223966-67 (1, 2). Type catalog: Krefft 1987:78 [ref. 20751]. •Valid as Eustomias posti Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983 -- (Menezes et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:47 [ref. 27192]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias posti Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Southwestern Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

precarius, Eustomias Gomon [J. R.] & Gibbs [R. H., Jr.] 1985:47, Figs. 13 f [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 409; ref. 5268] Off Puerto Rico, 19°21'N, 65°39'W. Holotype (unique): USNM 259636. •Valid as Eustomias precarius Gomon & Gibbs 1985 -- (Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias precarius Gomon & Gibbs 1985. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

problematicus, Eustomias Clarke [T. A.] 2001:695, Fig. 4D [Copeia 2001 (no. 3); ref. 25448] Central North Pacific, near Hawaiian Islands, depth 0-350 meters. Holotype: USNM 323038. Paratypes: SIO 96-14 (1); USNM 322386 (1), 323035 [not 322035] (1), 323037 [not 322037](1), 323039 [not 322039] (1). •Valid as Eustomias problematicus Clarke 2001 -- (Mundy 2005:185 [ref. 28379]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias problematicus Clarke 2001. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Central Pacific: Hawaiian Ridge, possibly be more widespread in Indo-West Pacific. Habitat: marine.

problematicus, Melanostomias Parr [A. E.] 1927:46, Figs. 26-27, 28A [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 3 (art. 2); ref. 3367] Tongue of the Ocean, Bahamas, 23°42'N, 76°43'W, 7000 feet wire out. Holotype (unique): YPM 2097. •Synonym of Leptostomias gladiator (Zugmayer 1911) -- (Morrow 1973:140 [ref. 7175], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:325 [ref. 14915]). Current status: Synonym of Leptostomias gladiator (Zugmayer 1911). Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

proximus, Bathophilus Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:66, Pl. 3 (fig. 3) [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] Northwestern Atlantic, 35°51'N, 66°43'W, Dana station 1353, depth 350 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMUC P201892. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:14 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Bathophilus proximus Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:186 [ref. 27076], Prokofiev 2014:378 [ref. 33470], Carneiro et al. 2019:96 [ref. 37250], Rajakrishnan et al. 2023:2 [ref. 40430]). Current status: Valid as Bathophilus proximus Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Atlantic: off Bermuda; Azores. Record from northwestern Indian Ocean off India needs confirmation. Habitat: marine.

proximus, Eustomias Welsh [W. W.] 1923:5, Figs. 3-4 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 62 (no. 2449); ref. 15432] 30 miles southwest of Bermuda, depth 75-0 meters. Holotype: USNM 84285. Paratypes: USNM 84286-89 (2, 1, 1, 1). •Synonym of Eustomias obscurus Vaillant 1884 -- (Morrow 1973:138 [ref. 7175], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:320 [ref. 14915]). Current status: Synonym of Eustomias obscurus Vaillant 1884. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

psychrolutes, Cryptostomias Gibbs [R. H., Jr.] & Weitzman [S. H.] 1965:268, Figs. 1-2 [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, Kjøbenhavn v. 128; ref. 1612] Southwestern Pacific, 30°08'S, 176°50'W, depth about 1500 meters. Holotype: ZMUC P203821. Paratypes: USNM 198506 (1, c&s). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:28 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Astronesthes psychrolutes (Gibbs & Weitzman 1965) -- (Gibbs & McKinney 1988:3 [ref. 6628], Paxton et al. 1989:195 [ref. 12442], Trunov 1999:462 [ref. 24579], Parin & Borodulina 2003:595 [ref. 27333], Duhamel et al. 2005:134 [ref. 32059], Paxton et al. 2006:437 [ref. 28995], Kenaley et al. 2008:242 [ref. 30630], Stewart & Kenaley 2015:480 [ref. 34250]). Current status: Valid as Astronesthes psychrolutes (Gibbs & Weitzman 1965). Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Circumglobal, but not central and eastern South Pacific. Habitat: marine.

pyrifer, Eustomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:93, Fig. 76b [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] Off St. Croix Island, Caribbean Sea, 17°58'30"N, 64°41'W, Dana station 1186, depth 0-50 meters (100 meters wire out). Holotype (unique): ZMUC P201908. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:18 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Eustomias pyrifer Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Gomon & Gibbs 1985:48 [ref. 5268], Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias pyrifer Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

quadrifilis, Eustomias Gomon [J. R.] & Gibbs [R. H., Jr.] 1985:48, Fig. 14 f [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 409; ref. 5268] East of New Jersey, U.S.A., 38°58'N, 71°16'W, depth 250-500 meters. Holotype (unique): USNM 266296. •Valid as Eustomias quadrifilis Gomon & Gibbs 1985 -- (Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001], Prokofiev & Orlov 2022:241 [ref. 39047]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias quadrifilis Gomon & Gibbs 1985. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

quasiindicus, Astronesthes Parin [N. V.] & Borodulina [O. D.] 1996:588 [557], Fig. 4 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 36 (no. 5); ref. 23199] North Pacific, southwest of Oahu, Hawaiian Islands, 21°15'N, 158°15'W, depth 2000 meters. Holotype: USNM 333308. Paratypes: USNM 322348 (1); SAM 27620 (1); ZIN 51054 (1); ZMMU P-19970-74 (1, 1, 1, 1, 1). Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:47 [ref. 25714]. On p. 557 of English translation. The gender of Astronesthes is feminine, and quasiindicus an adjective; therefore ending quasiindica is correct. •Valid as Astronesthes quasiindicus Parin & Borodulina 1996 -- (Parin & Borodulina 2003:596 [ref. 27333], Mundy 2005:176 [ref. 28379]). •Valid as Astronesthes quasiindica Parin & Borodulina 1996. Current status: Valid as Astronesthes quasiindica Parin & Borodulina 1996. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East Africa east to Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine.

radicifilis, Eustomias Borodin [N. A.] 1930:89 [Proceedings of the New England Zoölogical Club v. 11; ref. 16067] North Atlantic, 33°N, 64°W, depth 1200 meters. Holotype (unique): MCZ 32268. •Valid as Eustomias radicifilis Borodin 1930 -- (Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001], Carneiro et al. 2019:99 [ref. 37250]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias radicifilis Borodin 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: North Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

ramifer, Echiostoma ctenobarba Parr [A. E.] 1934:17, Fig. 4B [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 4 (art. 6); ref. 3375] Off New Providence Island, Bahamas, 25°39'N, 77°18'W, depth 1050-1100 meters. Holotype: YPM 3202. Type catalog: Moore & Boardman 1991:18 [ref. 16741]. •Synonym of Echiostoma barbatum Lowe 1843 -- (Morrow 1973:137 [ref. 7175], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:313 [ref. 14915]). Current status: Synonym of Echiostoma barbatum Lowe 1843. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

ramosus, Leptostomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:61, Fig. 42 [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] North Atlantic. Syntypes: (12) BMNH 1929.7.6.13 (1), 1929.7.6.14 (1), 1929.7.6.15 (1), 1929.7.6.16 (1); ZMUC P201999-2005 (6). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:21 [ref. 9588]. •Synonym of Leptostomias gladiator (Zugmayer 1911) -- (Morrow 1973:140 [ref. 7175], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:325 [ref. 14915], Santos et al. 1997:36 [ref. 23531]). Current status: Synonym of Leptostomias gladiator (Zugmayer 1911). Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

ramulosus, Eustomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:107, Figs. 99-100 [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] North Atlantic, 10°16'N, 40°41'W, Dana station 1166, depth 35 meters (100 meters wire out). Holotype (unique): ZMUC P201909. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:18 [ref. 9588]. •Synonym of Eustomias filifer (Gilchrist 1906) -- (Gibbs 1986:238 [ref. 5655], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:317 [ref. 14915]). Current status: Synonym of Eustomias filifer (Gilchrist 1906). Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

regani, Eustomias (Haploclonus) Norman [J. R.] 1930:312, Fig. 22 [Discovery Reports v. 2; ref. 3219] Atlantic, 00°56'00"S, 14°08'30"W, depth 73-0 meters. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1930.1.12.529. •Synonym of Eustomias enbarbatus Welsh 1923 -- (Parin & Pokhil'skaya 1974:323 [ref. 7527], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:316 [ref. 14915]). Current status: Synonym of Eustomias enbarbatus Welsh 1923. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

retrodorsalis, Idiacanthus Thompson [W. F.] 1916:462, Pl. 4 (fig. 2) [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 50 (no. 2133); ref. 4391] Off Lota, Chile, 38°08'S, 75°53'W, Albatross station 2791, depth 677 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 76857. •Synonym of Idiacanthus niger Regan 1914 -- (Regan 1916:379 [ref. 40111]). •Valid as Idiacanthus retrodorsalis Thompson 1915 -- (Pequeño 1989:33 [ref. 14125]). •Synonym of Idiacanthus atlanticus Brauer 1906 -- (Krueger 1990:341 [ref. 14983], Gon 1990:129 [ref. 21680]). Current status: Synonym of Idiacanthus atlanticus Brauer 1906. Stomiidae: Idiacanthinae. Habitat: marine.

richardi, Echiostoma Zugmayer [E.] 1913:4 [Bulletin de l'Institut Océanographique (Monaco) No. 253; ref. 5032] West of the Azores, northeastern Atlantic, 39°19'N, 35°24'30"W, station 3284, depth 0-1000 meters. Holotype (unique): MOM 0091-1554. Type catalog: Belloc 1949:7 [ref. 21544]. •Synonym of Photonectes margarita (Goode & Bean 1896) -- (Gibbs & Barnett 1990:335 [ref. 14915], Santos et al. 1997:37 [ref. 23531], Prokofiev 2019:450 [ref. 36966]). Current status: Synonym of Photonectes margarita (Goode & Bean 1896). Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

richardsoni, Chauliodus Poey [F.] 1852:[176], Pl. 10 (fig. 2) [Memorias sobre la historia natural de la Isla de Cuba v. 1; ref. 3497] Cuba. Holotype (unique): apparently lost. Poey specimens: NMW 59088 (1). As Astronethes richardsoni in text, but name dates from plate: Apr. 1852; text published Oct. 1852. •Valid as Astronesthes richardsoni (Poey 1852) -- (Gibbs 1964:330 [ref. 6960], Gibbs 1990:304 [ref. 14899], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:457 [ref. 23897], Parin & Borodulina 1998:695 [ref. 24685], Parin & Borodulina 2000:S20 [ref. 26044], Harold 2003:895 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:185 [ref. 27076], Parin & Borodulina 2003:594 [ref. 27333], Afonso et al. 2016:27, 104 [ref. 36199] as cf. richardsoni, Harold 2016:1799 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:95 [ref. 37250], Reiner 2019:94 [ref. 38139], Sutton et al. 2020:87 [ref. 37832], Eduardo et al. 2022:6 [ref. 39574], Fermon et al. 2022:173 [ref. 39448], Villarins et al. 2022:33 [ref. 39442], Page et al. 2023:86 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Astronesthes richardsoni (Poey 1852). Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Atlantic: 60°N south to 30°S. Habitat: marine.

ringens, Phaenodon Lowe [R. T.] 1852:251 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1850 (pt 18) (art. 5); ref. 2835] Off Madeira. Syntypes: (2) whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Astronesthes niger Richardson 1845 -- (Gibbs 1964:329 [ref. 6960], Gibbs 1990:303 [ref. 14899], Parin & Borodulina 2002:442 [ref. 26267] with question). •Synonym of Astronesthes nigra Richardson 1845. Current status: Synonym of Astronesthes nigra Richardson 1845. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Habitat: marine.

robustus, Leptostomias Imai [S.] 1941:243, Figs. 10-11 [Japanese Journal of Zoology v. 9 (no. 2, art. 14); ref. 13244] Heda, Suruga Bay, Japan. Holotype (unique): ZUMT 55037. Type catalog: Aizawa et al. 2022:228 [ref. 39655]. •Valid as Leptostomias robustus Imai 1941 -- (Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:51 [ref. 6441], Machida in Okamura & Kitajima 1984:157, 340 [ref. 8057], Okamura & Machida 1986:35 [ref. 22278], Nakabo 2000:335 [ref. 25086], Shinohara et al. 2001:298 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:335 [ref. 26001], Shinohara et al. 2005:406 [ref. 28370]). Current status: Valid as Leptostomias robustus Imai 1941. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific: Japan. Habitat: marine.

roulei, Borostomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1929:96, Fig. [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 10) v. 4 (no. 19); ref. 21660] North Atlantic, 40°15'N, 56°25'W, station 3414. Holotype: MOM (not found in 1995). •Synonym of Borostomias antarcticus (Lönnberg 1905) -- (Gibbs 1964:336 [ref. 6960], Gibbs & Morrow 1973:127 [ref. 7174], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:331 [ref. 13675], Gon 1990:128 [ref. 21680]). Current status: Synonym of Borostomias antarcticus (Lönnberg 1905). Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Habitat: marine.

satterleei, Eustomias Beebe [W.] 1933:164, Fig. 3 [Copeia 1933 (no. 4); ref. 246] 8 miles south of Nonsuch Island, Bermuda, depth 1000 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 170927 [ex NYZS 13457]. Type catalog: Mead 1958:132 [ref. 20648]. •Valid as Eustomias satterleei Beebe 1933 -- (Paxton et al. 1989:200 [ref. 12442], Clarke 2000:105 [ref. 24255], Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:341 [ref. 25086], Clarke 2001:687 [ref. 25448], Hutchins 2001:19 [ref. 25847], Nakabo 2002:341 [ref. 26001], Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:188 [ref. 27076], Mundy 2005:185 [ref. 28379], Paxton et al. 2006:447 [ref. 28995], Kenaley & Stewart 2015:507 [ref. 34248], Harold 2016:1814 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:99 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:105 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:176 [ref. 39448] with question, Page et al. 2023:88 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias satterleei Beebe 1933. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Circumglobal, but not in eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

schiffi, Eustomias Beebe [W.] 1932:54 [Zoologica, Scientific Contributions of the New York Zoological Society v. 13 (no. 4); ref. 16099] 6 miles south of Nonsuch Island, 32°N, 64°W, Bermuda, depth 0-600 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 170935 [ex NYZS 15653]. Type catalog: Mead 1958:132 [ref. 20648]. •Valid as Eustomias schiffi Beebe 1932 -- (Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:188 [ref. 27076], Carneiro et al. 2019:99 [ref. 37250], Page et al. 2023:88 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias schiffi Beebe 1932. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: North Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

schizochirus, Bathophilus Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:67, Pl. 4 (fig. 2) [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] Bahamas, 25°50'N, 76°55'W, Dana station 1239, about 350 meters (1000 meters wire out). Holotype (unique): ZMUC P201893. Non-types: ZMUC (1). Type information: Nielsen 1974:14 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Bathophilus schizochirus Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Gibbs & Barnett 1990:311 [ref. 14915], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:489 [ref. 23897], Harold 2003:911 [ref. 27001], Mundy 2005:180 [ref. 28379], Harold 2016:1813 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:96 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:95 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:174 [ref. 39448] with question, Page et al. 2023:87 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Bathophilus schizochirus Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in warm seas. Habitat: marine.

schmidti, Borostomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1929:26, Pl. 3 (fig. 1) [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 5); ref. 3680] North Atlantic, Dana station 1159, 17°55'N, 24°35'W, depth 1500 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMUC P202857. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:27 [ref. 9588]. •Synonym of Borostomias elucens (Brauer 1906) -- (Gibbs 1964:338 [ref. 6960], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:332 [ref. 13675], Gibbs 1990:305 [ref. 14899]). Current status: Synonym of Borostomias elucens (Brauer 1906). Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Habitat: marine.

schmidti, Chauliodus sloanei Ege [V.] 1948:139, Pl. 2 (fig. 1) [Dana Report No. 31; ref. 13049] Atlantic, 13°31'N, 18°03'W, depth 350 meters. Holotype: ZMUC P203240. Paratypes: ZMUC (94). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:24 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Chauliodus schmidti Ege 1948 -- (Parin & Novikova 1974:288 [ref. 7528], Parin 1990:294 [ref. 14819], Harold 2016:1803 [ref. 34568], Reiner 2019:95 [ref. 38139], Sutton et al. 2020:98 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:171 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Chauliodus schmidti Ege 1948. Stomiidae: Chauliodontinae. Distribution: Eastern Atlantic: Mauritania south to amibia, west to 30°W. Habitat: marine.

schmidti, Eustomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:100, Pl. 9 (fig. 3); Figs. 89-90 [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] North Atlantic. Syntypes: BMNH 1929.7.6.127 (1); ZMUC P201883 (1), P201973 (1). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:18 [ref. 9588] does not include paratype P201883. •Valid as Eustomias schmidti Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Parin & Pokhil'skaya 1974:332 [ref. 7527], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:350 [ref. 13675], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:53 [ref. 6441], Gibbs 1986:239 [ref. 5655], Paxton et al. 1989:200 [ref. 12442], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:321 [ref. 14915], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:514 [ref. 23897], Fricke 1999:90 [ref. 24106], Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741], Clarke 2000:102 [ref. 24255], Nakabo 2000:340 [ref. 25086], Clarke 2001:686 [ref. 25448], Nakabo 2002:340 [ref. 26001], Harold 2003:912 [ref. 27001], Menezes et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:47 [ref. 27192], Moore et al. 2003:188 [ref. 27076], Mundy 2005:186 [ref. 28379], Paxton et al. 2006:447 [ref. 28995], Kenaley et al. 2008:249 [ref. 30630], Kenaley & Stewart 2015:508 [ref. 34248], Harold 2016:1814 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:99 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:104 [ref. 37832], Eduardo et al. 2022:6 [ref. 39574], Fermon et al. 2022:176 [ref. 39448] with question, Villarins et al. 2022:52 [ref. 39442], Page et al. 2023:88 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias schmidti Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Circumglobal, antitropical, but not in eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

schneideri, Chauliodes Risso [A.] 1827:442, Pl. 14 (fig. 37) [Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l'Europe méridionale v. 3; ref. 3757] Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Original genus should have been spelled Chaulodus. •Synonym of Chauliodus sloani Bloch & Schneider 1801 -- (Morrow 1973:130 [ref. 7175], Parin & Novikova 1974:275 [ref. 7528]). Current status: Synonym of Chauliodus sloani Bloch & Schneider 1801. Stomiidae: Chauliodontinae. Habitat: marine.

scintillans, Zastomias Gilbert [C. H.] 1915:322, Pl. 15 (fig. 4) [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 48 (no. 2075); ref. 1632] Monterey Bay, California, U.S.A., Albatross station 4540, depth 389-551 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 75808. •Valid as Aristostomias scintillans (Gilbert 1915) -- (Peden et al. 1985:5 [ref. 24081], Matarese et al. 1989:118 [ref. 26885], McAllister 1990:96 [ref. 14674], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:21 [ref. 25650], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:227 [ref. 25968], Love et al. 2005:37 [ref. 37547], Parin et al. 2014:148 [ref. 33547], Burton & Lea 2019:43 [ref. 37205], Love et al. 2021:58 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:86 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Aristostomias scintillans (Gilbert 1915). Stomiidae: Malacosteinae. Distribution: Northeastern Pacific and Bering Sea. Habitat: marine.

secundus, Chauliodus sloanei Ege [V.] 1948:139, Pl. 2 (fig. 5) [Dana Report No. 31; ref. 13049] Pacific, north of Samoa Islands, 13°10'S, 173°20'W, depth 200 meters. Holotype: ZMUC P203239. Paratypes: ZMUC (numerous unidentifiable specimens). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:24 [ref. 9588]. •Synonym of Chauliodus sloani Bloch & Schneider 1801 -- (Morrow 1973:130 [ref. 7175], Parin & Novikova 1974:276 [ref. 7528], Parin 1990:295 [ref. 14819]). Current status: Synonym of Chauliodus sloani Bloch & Schneider 1801. Stomiidae: Chauliodontinae. Habitat: marine.

securicula, Eustomias Prokofiev [A. M.] & Orlov [A. M.] 2022:239, Fig. [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 62 (no. 2); ref. 39047] Imperial Ridge, 37°56'06" - 37°57'04"N, 170°24'07" - 170°24'09"E, depth 1030 meters. Holotype (unique): IOM 3636. •Valid as Eustomias securicula Prokofiev & Orlov 2022. Current status: Valid as Eustomias securicula Prokofiev & Orlov 2022. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: North Pacific: Imperial Ridge. Habitat: marine.

setinotus, Chauliodus Schneider [J. G.] in Bloch & Schneider 1801:555, Pl. 85 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Text p. 430 lists plate 85 for Chauliodus sloani; Chauliodus setinotus added in addenda p. 555; Plate 85 is labeled Choliodus [sic] setinosus. •Synonym of Chauliodus sloani Bloch & Schneider 1801 -- (Morrow 1973:130 [ref. 7175], Parin & Novikova 1974:275 [ref. 7528], Parin 1990:294 [ref. 14819]). Current status: Synonym of Chauliodus sloani Bloch & Schneider 1801. Stomiidae: Chauliodontinae. Habitat: marine.

shunyo, Eustomias Kimura [K.], Tsuda [Y.] & Nakayama [N.] 2023:Figs. [Ichthyological Research v. 71 (no. 1); ref. 40274] Shatsky Rise, western North Pacific. Holotype. Paratypes: (2). •Valid as Eustomias shunyo Kimura, Tsuda & Nakayama 2023. Current status: Valid as Eustomias shunyo Kimura, Tsuda & Nakayama 2023. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western North Pacific: Shatsky Rise. Habitat: marine.

siculus, Leptodes Swainson [W.] 1838:304, Fig. 65 [The natural history and classification of fishes, amphibians, & reptiles, or monocardian animals. v. 1; ref. 4302] Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Also appeared in more detail in Swainson 1839:388 [ref. 4303]. Stomiidae: Chauliodontinae. Habitat: marine.

silvescens, Eustomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:100, Pl. 9 (fig. 2); Fig. 88 [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] Near St. Croix Island, Caribbean Sea, 17°45'N, 64°55'30"W, Dana station 1266, depth 275 meters (800 meters wire out). Holotype (unique): ZMUC P201910. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:18 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Eustomias silvescens Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Clarke 2000:103 [ref. 24255], Clarke 2001:686 [ref. 25448], Harold 2003:912 [ref. 27001], Paxton et al. 2006:447 [ref. 28995]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias silvescens Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

similis, Eustomias Parin [N. V.] 1978:158, fig'd [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 111; ref. 8898] Coral Sea, southwestern Pacific, 16°15.5'S, 153°50'E, depth 1000-0 meters. Holotype: ZIN 43785. •Valid as Eustomias similis Parin 1978 -- (Clarke 2001:687 [ref. 25448], Mundy 2005:186 [ref. 28379]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias similis Parin 1978. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western and central Pacific: Coral Sea, Minami Tori Shima, Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine.

similus, Astronesthes Parr [A. E.] 1927:32, Figs. 22-23 [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 3 (art. 2); ref. 3367] Tongue of the Ocean, 24°29'N, 77°29'W, Bahamas, 8000 feet. wire out. Holotype (unique): YPM 2098. Type catalog: Moore & Boardman 1991:8 [ref. 16741]. Spelled similis by Regan & Trewavas 1929:15 [ref. 3680]. Possibly a variant spelling or misspelling of similis (very closely related), treated by us as an indeclinable noun. •Valid as Astronesthes similus Parr 1927 -- (Gibbs 1964:331 [ref. 6960], Gibbs et al. 1984:11 [ref. 8225], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:458 [ref. 23897], Harold 2003:895 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:185 [ref. 27076], Menezes et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:46 [ref. 27192], Parin & Borodulina 2003:594 [ref. 27333], Pinheiro et al. 2015:8 [ref. 34324], Carneiro et al. 2019:95 [ref. 37250], Eduardo et al. 2022:6 [ref. 39574], Villarins et al. 2022:34 [ref. 39442], Page et al. 2023:86 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Astronesthes similus Parr 1927. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Atlantic, from 43°N to 27°S. Habitat: marine.

simplex, Bathophilus Parr [A. E.] 1927:87, Fig. 9 [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 3 (art. 2); ref. 3367] Near Bermuda, 32°24'N, 64°29'W, depth 5000 feet. wire out. Holotype (unique): YPM 2094. Type catalog: Moore & Boardman 1991:19 [ref. 16741]. •Synonym of Bathophilus metallicus (Welsh 1923) -- (Morrow 1973:136 [ref. 7175]). •Synonym of Bathophilus vaillanti (Zugmayer 1911) -- (Gibbs & Barnett 1990:311 [ref. 14915]). Current status: Synonym of Bathophilus vaillanti (Zugmayer 1911). Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

simplex, Eustomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:87, Figs. 67b [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] North Atlantic. Syntypes: (3) BMNH 1929.7.6.108 (1) Dana station 1043 (31°59'N, 59°52'W); ZMUC P201974 (1) Dana station 1072 (20°26'N, 61°03'W), ZMUC P201975 (1) Dana station 1352 (35°42'N, 73°43'W). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:18 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Eustomias simplex Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:351 [ref. 13675], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:321 [ref. 14915], Harold 2003:912 [ref. 27001], Harold 2016:1814 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:99 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:106 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:177 [ref. 39448] with question, Page et al. 2023:88 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias simplex Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Circumglobal. North Atlantic [ref. 34568]. Habitat: marine.

sloani, Chauliodus Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.] 1801:430, Pl. 85 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] Gibraltar, Strait of Gibraltar, western Mediterranean Sea. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1978.9.11.1. Pl. 85 labelled Choliodus setinotus. See Esox stomias Shaw & Nodder 1798. •Valid as Chauliodus sloani Bloch & Schneider 1801 -- (Gibbs & Hurwitz 1967 [ref. 21328], Morrow 1973:130 [ref. 7175], Parin & Novikova 1974:275 [ref. 7528], Fujii in Okamura et al. 1982:89, 332 [ref. 8256], Fujii in Uyeno et al. 1983:142 [ref. 14275], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:335 [ref. 13675], Dor 1984:46 [ref. 29757], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:48 [ref. 6441], Machida in Okamura & Kitajima 1984:151, 337 [ref. 8057], Gibbs 1986:230 [ref. 5655], Scott & Scott 1988:182 [ref. 25518], Paxton et al. 1989:205 [ref. 12442], Pequeño 1989:31 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:98 [ref. 24556], McAllister 1990:92 [ref. 14674], Aizawa in Amaoka et al. 1990:117 [ref. 16024], Parin 1990:294 [ref. 14819], Boschung 1992:69 [ref. 23239], Gomon et al. 1994:253 [ref. 22532], Shinohara et al. 1994:62 [ref. 22800], Galil & Goren 1994:49 [ref. 23163], Goren & Dor 1994:12 [ref. 25356], Nielsen & Schwägermann in Okamura et al. 1995:90 [ref. 22531], Cervigón 1996:170 [ref. 24489], Shinohara et al. 1996:162 [ref. 26605], Santos et al. 1997:35 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:36 [ref. 24952], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:464 [ref. 23897], Fricke 1999:90 [ref. 24106], Porteiro et al. 1999:31 [ref. 24203], Harold 1999:1910 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:322 [ref. 25086], Randall & Lim in Randall & Lim 2000:591 [ref. 25122], Hutchins 2001:19 [ref. 25847], Shinohara et al. 2001:298 [ref. 25995], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:41 [ref. 26753], Nakabo 2002:322 [ref. 26001], Hartel & Craddock in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:191 [ref. 26158], Harold 2003:898 [ref. 27001], Menezes et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:46 [ref. 27192] with author as Schneider, Moore et al. 2003:186 [ref. 27076], Duhamel et al. 2005:128 [ref. 32059], Golani 2005:21 [ref. 37112], Shinohara et al. 2005:406 [ref. 28370], Paxton et al. 2006:441 [ref. 28995], Fricke et al. 2007:58 [ref. 29533], Kenaley et al. 2008:244 [ref. 30630], Møller et al. 2010:30 [ref. 31169], Golani & Bogorodsky 2010:61 [ref. 35264], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:23 [ref. 36649], Fricke et al. 2011:357 [ref. 31242], Jawad et al. 2013:2 [ref. 32489], Fricke et al. 2014:25 [ref. 33932], Parin et al. 2014:147 [ref. 33547], Goren & Galil 2015:520 [ref. 33910], Lins Oliveira et al. 2015:62 [ref. 37485], Stewart 2015:493 [ref. 34215], Afonso et al. 2016:27, 123 [ref. 36199], Bañón et al. 2016:309 [ref. 34397], Harold 2016:1803 [ref. 34568], Nión et al. 2016:36 [ref. 35565], Fricke et al. 2018:67 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:33 [ref. 36273], Mecklenburg et al. 2018:90 [ref. 36370], Carneiro et al. 2019:97 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:93 [ref. 36864], Reiner 2019:95 [ref. 38139], Bariche & Fricke 2020:110 [ref. 37515], Kovačić et al. 2020:14 [ref. 37519], Sutton et al. 2020:98 [ref. 37832], Bañón & Maño 2021:55 [ref. 38883], Eduardo et al. 2021:4 [ref. 38817], Golani 2021:23 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:25 [ref. 39014], Love et al. 2021:59 [ref. 39279], Eduardo et al. 2022:6 [ref. 39574], Fermon et al. 2022:171 [ref. 39448], Villarins et al. 2022:37 [ref. 39442], Page et al. 2023:87 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Chauliodus sloani Bloch & Schneider 1801. Stomiidae: Chauliodontinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and temperate seas (including Mediterranean Sea, Red Sea). Habitat: marine.

spatulifer, Astronesthes Gibbs [R. H., Jr.] & McKinney [J. F.] 1988:8, Fig. 4 [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 460; ref. 6628] South Pacific, 37°25'S, 130°04'W, depth 0-110 meters. Holotype: LACM 11289. Paratypes: IOM uncat. (1); LACM 11258 (1), 11274 (3), 11279 (1), 11284 (1), 11292 (1), 11294 (1), 11300 (6), 11307 (1); USNM 270303 (4). Combined with a feminine genus, the adjective should be spatulifera. •Valid as Astronesthes spatulifera Gibbs & McKinney 1988 -- (Savinykh & Balanov 1999:422 [ref. 24871] as spatulifer, Parin & Borodulina 2003:595 [ref. 27333] as spatulifer). Current status: Valid as Astronesthes spatulifera Gibbs & McKinney 1988. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: South Pacific. Habitat: marine.

sphaerolampas, Photonectes Prokofiev [A. M.] & Klepadlo [C.] 2019:273, Fig. 2-4 [Zootaxa 4590 (no. 2); ref. 36682] 12°40.0'S, 144°01.0'E, depth 0-120 meters. Holotype (unique): AMS I.20941-010. Paratypes: AMS, IOM. •Valid as Photonectes sphaerolampas Prokofiev & Klepadlo 2019. Current status: Valid as Photonectes sphaerolampas Prokofiev & Klepadlo 2019. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Equatorial Western and Central Pacific. Habitat: marine.

spherulifer, Eustomias Gibbs [R. H., Jr.], Clarke [T. A.] & Gomon [J. R.] 1983:112, Fig. 31 (e-f) [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 380; ref. 5269] Southwestern Atlantic, 30°01'S, 42°30'W, Walther Herwig station 26-III/68, depth 0-590 meters. Holotype: ISH 1428-1968. Paratypes: ISH 408-1966 (2), 1212-1968 (1), 1270-1968 (4), 1362-1968 (1), 1734-1971 (3); USNM 226786-87 (1, 1), 226789 (1). Additional material: ISH 1840-1971 (2), 1873-1971 (1). Type catalog: Krefft 1987:78-79 [ref. 20751]. •Valid as Eustomias spherulifer Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983 -- (Gibbs & Barnett 1990:322 [ref. 14915], Menezes et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:47 [ref. 27192], Harold 2016:1814 [ref. 34568], Brown et al. 2019:158 [ref. 36444], Sutton et al. 2020:109 [ref. 37832]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias spherulifer Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

spilorhynchus, Melanostomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:112, Pl. 10 (fig. 1); Figs. 105b, 107 [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] North Atlantic. Syntypes: (48 + 1 damaged) BMNH 1929.7.6.137 (1); MNHN 1938-0120 (1), ZMUC P202019-54. Type catalog: Bertin 1940:310 [ref. 293], Nielsen 1974:22 [ref. 9588]. •Synonym of Melanostomias bartonbeani Parr 1927 -- (Scott & Scott 1988:178 [ref. 25518], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:327 [ref. 14915], Santos et al. 1997:37 [ref. 23531]). •Valid as Melanostomias spilorhynchus Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Morrow 1973:135 [ref. 7175], Harold 2003:912 [ref. 27001], Harold 2016:1814 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:102 [ref. 37250]). Current status: Valid as Melanostomias spilorhynchus Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: North Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

splendidus, Astronesthes Brauer [A.] 1902:288 [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 25 (no. 668); ref. 631] South of Sri Lanka, Indian Ocean, 4°56'N, 78°15'13"E, Valdivia station 217, depth 2000 meters. Holotype (unique): Whereabouts unknown. The gender of Astronesthes is feminine, and splendidus an adjective; therefore ending splendida is correct. •Valid as Astronesthes splendidus Brauer 1902 -- (Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:49 [ref. 6441], Paxton et al. 1989:195 [ref. 12442], Harold 1999:1906 [ref. 24741], Hutchins 2001:19 [ref. 25847], Parin & Borodulina 2000:S22 [ref. 26044], Parin & Borodulina 2003:594 [ref. 27333], Mundy 2005:176 [ref. 28379], Fricke et al. 2011:357 [ref. 31242]). •Valid as Astronesthes splendida Brauer 1902 -- (Nakabo 2000:328 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:328 [ref. 26001], Paxton et al. 2006:437 [ref. 28995], Liao et al. 2006:524 [ref. 29419]). Current status: Valid as Astronesthes splendida Brauer 1902. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: South Africa east to Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.) and 6°56'N, 140°32'W, south to New Caledonia. Habitat: marine.

stamen, Eustomias (Haploclonus) Koeda [K.] & Ho [H.-C.] 2019:98, Fig. 2 [Zootaxa 4702 (no. 1); ref. 37152] Off Dong-gang, Pingtung, Taiwan, South China Sea, circa 22°39'N, 120°24'E. Holotype (unique): NMMB-P12724. •Valid as Eustomias stamen Koeda & Ho 2019. Current status: Valid as Eustomias stamen Koeda & Ho 2019. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Southwestern Taiwan, South China Sea. Habitat: marine.

stewarti, Melanostomias Fowler [H. W.] 1934:262, Fig. 23 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 85 (for 1933); ref. 1416] Dupon Bay, Leyte Island and vicinity, Philippines, Albatross station D.5405. Holotype: USNM 92338. •Synonym of Melanostomias valdiviae Brauer 1902 -- (Morrow 1973:134 [ref. 7175], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:330 [ref. 14915]). •Valid as Melanostomias stewarti Fowler 1934 -- (Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741]). Current status: Valid as Melanostomias stewarti Fowler 1934. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Cosmopolitan. Habitat: marine.

stigmatopleura, Eustomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:77, Pl. 7 (fig. 1); Figs. 51A, 52A [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] North Atlantic. Syntypes: (4 + 1 juvenile) BMNH 1929.7.6.72 (1), BMNH 1929.7.6.73 (1); ZMUC P201976 (1) Dana station 932 (27°23'N, 46°24'W), ZMUC P201977 (1) 14°00'N, 61°40'W. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:18 [ref. 9588]. •Synonym of Eustomias braueri Zugmayer 1911 -- (Morrow 1973:138 [ref. 7175], Parin & Pokhil'skaya 1974:318 [ref. 7527]). Current status: Synonym of Eustomias braueri Zugmayer 1911. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

stomias, Esox Shaw [G.] in Shaw & Nodder 1798:no page number, Pl. 344 [The Naturalist's Miscellany; ref. 4013] Mediterranean Sea. Syntypes: (2) BMNH 1978.9.11.1 [ex Leverian Mus]. Generally cited as Shaw 1804:120, Pl. 111 [ref. 4015]. On Vipera marina Catesby 1771: 119, Pl. 19 [ref. 774]. •Synonym of the later-described Chauliodus sloani Bloch & Schneider 1801 -- (Morrow 1973:130 [ref. 7175], Parin & Novikova 1974:275 [ref. 7528], Parin 1990:294 [ref. 14819]). Current status: Synonym of Chauliodus sloani Bloch & Schneider 1801. Stomiidae: Chauliodontinae. Habitat: marine.

suluensis, Eustomias Gibbs [R. H., Jr.], Clarke [T. A.] & Gomon [J. R.] 1983:77, Fig. 20b [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 380; ref. 5269] Eastern Sulu Sea, off the Philippines, 9°22'N, 122°06'E, depth 0-110 meters. Holotype: USNM 223714. Paratypes: ZMUC P202847 (1). •Valid as Eustomias suluensis Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983 -- (Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias suluensis Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western Pacific. Habitat: marine.

tanibe, Astronesthes Parin [N. V.] & Borodulina [O. D.] 2001:416, Fig. [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 41 (no. 3); ref. 25411] South Atlantic, 30°12'S, 3°14'W, depth 1060 meters. Holotype: ZIN 52211. Paratypes: ION 31.08.1976 (1), 2.09.1976 (1). Plus additional material. •Valid as Astronesthes tanibe Parin & Borodulina 2001 -- (Parin & Borodulina 2003:595 [ref. 27333], Sutton et al. 2020:89 [ref. 37832]). Current status: Valid as Astronesthes tanibe Parin & Borodulina 2001. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: South Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

tanneri, Hyperchoristus Gill [T. N.] 1883:256 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 6 (no. 380); ref. 1724] East of New Jersey, U.S.A., 40°26'40"N, 66°58'00"W, Albatross station 2083, depth 956 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 33444. •Synonym of Echiostoma barbatum Lowe 1843 -- (Morrow 1973:137 [ref. 7175], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:313 [ref. 14915], Gomon et al. 1994:258 [ref. 22532]). Current status: Synonym of Echiostoma barbatum Lowe 1843. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

tantillux, Photostomias Kenaley [C. P.] 2009:176, Figs. 1A, 2A [Copeia 2009 (no. 1); ref. 30057] Eastern tropical Pacific, 0°06.8'N, 155°18.7"W, depth ca. 0-1558 meters. Holotype: SIO 73-171. Paratypes: SIO 68-533 (1), 73-164 (2), 73-165 (1); USNM 219001 (1), 219039 (1), 219047 (3). •Valid as Photostomias tantillux Kenaley 2009 -- (Fricke et al. 2011:358 [ref. 31242]). Current status: Valid as Photostomias tantillux Kenaley 2009. Stomiidae: Malacosteinae. Distribution: Western, central and southeastern Pacific: Philippines and Taiwan east to southeastern Atlantic, north to southern Japan and Hawaiian Islands, south to Queensland (Australia), New Caledonia and northern Tasman Sea. Habitat: marine.

tatyanae, Astronesthes Parin [N. V.] & Borodulina [O. D.] 1998:168 [157], Fig. 4 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 38 (no. 2); ref. 24177] South Pacific, 36°40'S, 123°58'W, depth 80 meters. Holotype: ZIN 51527. Paratypes: ZIN 51528 (1), ZMMU P-20319-21 (2, 1, 1). Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:47-48 [ref. 25714]. On p. 157 of English translation. •Valid as Astronesthes tatyanae Parin & Borodulina 1998 -- (Parin & Borodulina 1998:695 [ref. 24685], Parin & Borodulina 2003:595 [ref. 27333], Stewart & Kenaley 2015:481 [ref. 34250] as cf. tatyanae). Current status: Valid as Astronesthes tatyanae Parin & Borodulina 1998. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: South Pacific. Habitat: marine.

tchuvasovi, Astronesthes Parin [N. V.] & Borodulina [O. D.] 1996:587 [557], Fig. 3 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 36 (no. 5); ref. 23199] Equatorial eastern Pacific, 2°02'S, 97°01'W, depth unknown. Holotype: ZIN 51052. Paratypes: ZIN 51053 (6); plus non-type material. On p. 557 of English translation. •Valid as Astronesthes tchuvasovi Parin & Borodulina 1996 -- (Parin & Borodulina 2003:596 [ref. 27333], Mundy 2005:176 [ref. 28379]). Current status: Valid as Astronesthes tchuvasovi Parin & Borodulina 1996. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Indo-Pacific. Habitat: marine.

tenisoni, Eustomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:97, Pl. 9 (fig. 1); Fig. 84 [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] North Atlantic, 26°37'N, 54°45'W, Dana station 1330, depth 175 meters (500 meters wire out). Holotype (unique): ZMUC P201911. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:19 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Eustomias tenisoni Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Gibbs & Barnett 1990:322 [ref. 14915], Harold 2003:912 [ref. 27001], Prokofiev 2015:102 [ref. 33690], Harold 2016:1814 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:100 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:111 [ref. 37832]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias tenisoni Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Atlantic, questionably Pacific. Habitat: marine.

tentaculatus, Haplostomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:109, Pl. 11 (fig. 1); Figs. 105a, 106a [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] Caribbean Sea, northern Atlantic. Syntypes: (2 + 3 juveniles + 1 damaged) BMNH 1929.7.6.135-136 (2); ZMUC P201991 (1). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:19 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Melanostomias tentaculatus (Regan & Trewavas 1930) -- (Morrow 1973:135 [ref. 7175], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:360 [ref. 13675], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:51 [ref. 6441], Paxton et al. 1989:201 [ref. 12442], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:330 [ref. 14915], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:530 [ref. 23897], Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:336 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:336 [ref. 26001], Harold 2003:912 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:190 [ref. 27076], Kenaley & Stewart 2015:516 [ref. 34248], Harold 2016:1814 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:102 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:117 [ref. 37832], Eduardo et al. 2022:6 [ref. 39574], Fermon et al. 2022:177 [ref. 39448], Villarins et al. 2022:57 [ref. 39442], Page et al. 2023:89 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Melanostomias tentaculatus (Regan & Trewavas 1930). Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Circumglobal, but not in eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

tetranema, Eustomias Zugmayer [E.] 1913:2 [Bulletin de l'Institut Océanographique (Monaco) No. 253; ref. 5032] Southwest of Madeira, 31°45'N, 20°17'W, station 3202, depth 0-3000 meters. Holotype (unique): MOM. Type catalog: Belloc 1949:6 [ref. 21544]. •Valid as Eustomias tetranema Zugmayer 1913 -- (Morrow 1973:139 [ref. 7175], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:351 [ref. 13675], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:322 [ref. 14915], Sutton & Hartel 2004:117 [ref. 27508], Costa & Mincarone 2010:353 [ref. 37483], Harold 2016:1814 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:100 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:101 [ref. 37832]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias tetranema Zugmayer 1913. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

teuthidopsis, Eustomias Gibbs [R. H., Jr.], Clarke [T. A.] & Gomon [J. R.] 1983:85, Fig. 26b [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 380; ref. 5269] South Pacific, near Cook Islands, 11°37'S, 160°00'W, depth 0-171 meters. Holotype (unique): USNM 223719. •Valid as Eustomias teuthidopsis Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983 -- (Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias teuthidopsis Gibbs, Clarke & Gomon 1983. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Pacific. Habitat: marine.

tittmanni, Aristostomias Welsh [W. W.] 1923:3, Fig. 2 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 62 (no. 2449); ref. 15432] About 115 miles east of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, U.S.A. western North Atlantic, depth 0-100 meters. Holotype (unique): USNM 84290. Carneiro et al. 2019:93 [ref. 37250] •Valid as Aristostomias tittmanni Welsh 1923 -- (Morrow 1964:539 [ref. 6958], Goodyear 1973:143 [ref. 7176], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:368 [ref. 13675], Scott & Scott 1988:180 [ref. 25518], Pequeño 1989:31 [ref. 14125], McAllister 1990:96 [ref. 14674], Santos et al. 1997:34 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:39 [ref. 24952], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:472 [ref. 23897], Porteiro et al. 1999:30 [ref. 24203] as tittmani, Harold 1999:1917 [ref. 24741] as Aristomias, Harold 2003:903 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:192 [ref. 27076], Mundy 2005:191 [ref. 28379], Harold 2016:1808 [ref. 34568], Sutton et al. 2020:85 [ref. 37832], Eduardo et al. 2022:6 [ref. 39574], Villarins et al. 2022:41 [ref. 39442], Page et al. 2023:86 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Aristostomias tittmanni Welsh 1923. Stomiidae: Malacosteinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm temperate seas. Habitat: marine.

tomentosis, Eustomias Clarke [T. A.] 1998:681, Fig. 1C [Copeia 1998 (no. 3); ref. 23419] Near Hawaiian Islands, about 21°10'-30'N, 158°10'-15'W, Teritu station Teuthis 210, depth 670-730 meters. Holotype: USNM 322867. Paratypes: SIO 97-175 (1); USNM 321927 (1), 322641 (1), 322870 (1). •Valid as Eustomias tomentosis Clarke 1998 -- (Mundy 2005:186 [ref. 28379]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias tomentosis Clarke 1998. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine.

trewavasae, Eustomias (Nominostomias) Norman [J. R.] 1930:313, Fig. 23 [Discovery Reports v. 2; ref. 3219] South Atlantic, 34°48'00"S, 16°36'00"W, depth 0-1000 meters. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1930.1.12.531. •See also Pequeño 1989:31 [ref. 14125]. •Valid as Eustomias trewavasae Norman 1930 -- (Gibbs 1986:239 [ref. 5655], Paxton et al. 1989:200 [ref. 12442], Gomon et al. 1994:259 [ref. 22532], Paxton et al. 2006:447 [ref. 28995], Kenaley et al. 2008:249 [ref. 30630], Kenaley & Stewart 2015:509 [ref. 34248], Sutton et al. 2020:106 [ref. 37832]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias trewavasae Norman 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Southern circumglobal. Habitat: marine.

trifibulatus, Astronesthes Gibbs [R. H., Jr.], Amaoka [K.] & Haruta [C.] 1984:5, Figs. 1, 2 (C-G) [Japanese Journal of Ichthyology v. 31 (no. 1); ref. 8225] Off Hawaiian Islands, 21°20'N, 158°20'W, depth 0-170 meters. Holotype: USNM 257438. Paratypes: BPBM 28868 (2); HUMZ 98392 (1), 98393-94 (2); IOM (1); MNHN (1); SAM 24519 (1); SIO 73-141 (1), 73-149 (1); USNM 208469 (1), 257439-40 (1, 1); ZMUC P208387 (1), P208390 (1); plus non-types. The gender of Astronesthes is feminine, and trifibulatus an adjective; therefore ending trifibulata is correct. •Valid as Astronesthes trifibulatus Gibbs, Amaoka & Haruta 1984 -- (Gibbs 1986:232 [ref. 5655], Aizawa in Amaoka et al. 1990:120 [ref. 16024], Fricke 1999:89 [ref. 24106], Harold 1999:1906 [ref. 24741], Parin & Borodulina 2003:594 [ref. 27333], Fricke et al. 2018:67 [ref. 35805]). •Valid as Astronesthes trifibulata Gibbs, Amaoka & Haruta 1984 -- (Nakabo 2000:328 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:328 [ref. 26001], Mundy 2005:176 [ref. 28379], Paxton et al. 2006:437 [ref. 28995], Liao et al. 2006:525 [ref. 29419]). Current status: Valid as Astronesthes trifibulata Gibbs, Amaoka & Haruta 1984. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: South and East Africa and Madagascar east to Hawaiian Islands, Line Islands and Marquesas Islands and north to Taiwan. Habitat: marine.

triramis, Eustomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:99, Fig. 86 [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] North Atlantic, 21°47'N, 47°11'W, Dana station 1063, depth 35 meters (110 meters wire out). Holotype (unique): ZMUC P201912. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:19 [ref. 9588]. •Questionably a synonym of Eustomias bigelowi Welsh 1923 -- (Parin & Pokhil'skaya 1974:338 [ref. 7527]). •Valid as Eustomias triramis Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Gibbs & Barnett 1990:322 [ref. 14915], Clarke 2000:107 [ref. 24255], Clarke 2001:686 [ref. 25448], Harold 2003:912 [ref. 27001], Harold 2016:1814 [ref. 34568], Prokofiev 2019:265 [ref. 36740], Sutton et al. 2020:105 [ref. 37832], Page et al. 2023:88 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias triramis Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: North Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

tritentaculatus, Eustomias (Nominostomias) Koeda [K.] & Ho [H.-C.] 2019:101, Fig. 4 [Zootaxa 4702 (no. 1); ref. 37152] Off Dong-gang, Pingtung, Taiwan, South China Sea, circa 22°39'N, 120°24'E. Holotype: NMMB-P30396. Paratype: NMMB-P22760 (1). •Valid as Eustomias tritentaculatus Koeda & Ho 2019. Current status: Valid as Eustomias tritentaculatus Koeda & Ho 2019. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Southwestern Taiwan, South China Sea. Habitat: marine.

trituberatus, Eustomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:91, Fig. 73b, 74a [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] Caribbean Sea. Syntypes: BMNH 1929.7.6.117 (1), ZMUC P201978-79 (1, 1). Type information: Nielsen 1974:19 [ref. 9588]. •Synonym of Eustomias variabilis Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Gomon & Gibbs 1985:23 [ref. 5268]). Current status: Synonym of Eustomias variabilis Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

tyrannus, Flagellostomias Parr [A. E.] 1927:50, Figs. 4, 29-30 [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 3 (art. 2); ref. 3367] Tongue of the Ocean, Bahamas, 23°42'N, 76°43'W, 7000 feet wire out. Syntypes: YPM 2045 (2). Type catalog: Moore & Boardman 1991:19 [ref. 16741]. •Synonym of Flagellostomias boureei (Zugmayer 1913) -- (Morrow 1973:139 [ref. 7175], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:323 [ref. 14915], Paxton et al. 2006:448 [ref. 28995]). Current status: Synonym of Flagellostomias boureei (Zugmayer 1913). Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

uncinatus, Photonectes (Trachinostomias) Prokofiev [A. M.] 2015:137, Fig. 4 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 55 (no. 2); ref. 33761] Rio Grande, Brazil, depth 1070 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMMU 23280. •Valid as Photonectes uncinatus Prokofiev 2015 -- (Prokofiev 2019:450 [ref. 36966], Prokofiev 2020:262 [356] [ref. 37914]). Current status: Valid as Photonectes uncinatus Prokofiev 2015. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: South Atlantic: off Rio Grande (Brazil); Walvis Ridge. Habitat: marine.

uncodentatus, Aristostomias Borodin [N. A.] 1930:90 [Proceedings of the New England Zoölogical Club v. 11; ref. 16067] North Atlantic Ocean, 33°N, 64°W, depth 1200 meters. Holotype (unique): MCZ 32266. •Synonym of Flagellostomias boureei (Zugmayer 1913) -- (Morrow 1973:139 [ref. 7175], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:323 [ref. 14915]). Current status: Synonym of Flagellostomias boureei (Zugmayer 1913). Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

unicolor, Stomias Rüppell [W. P. E. S.] in Cocco 1846:750 [Atti della Settima Adunanza degli Scienziati Italiani Sesta Riunione, Milano Settima Riunione, Napoli; ref. 26448] Nomen Nudum. Stomiidae.

uniramis, Eustomias Clarke [T. A.] 1999:1010, Fig. 2C [Copeia 1999 (no. 4); ref. 24186] Pacific, 8°40'N, 158°01'W, depth 0-340 meters. Holotype: USNM 322762. Paratypes: BPBM 26948 (1), SIO 97-113 (1), USNM 256876 (1). •Valid as Eustomias uniramis Clarke 1999 -- (Mundy 2005:186 [ref. 28379]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias uniramis Clarke 1999. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: North Pacific. Habitat: marine.

vaillanti, Trichostomias Zugmayer [E.] 1911:6 [Bulletin de l'Institut Océanographique (Monaco) No. 193; ref. 6161] Off Portugal, 37°37'N, 10°53'W, station 3024, depth 0-4900 meters. Holotype (unique): MOM 0091-1143. Species illustrated and described in more detail in Zugmayer 1911:78, Pl. 3 (fig. 4) [ref. 4846]. •Valid as Bathophilus vaillanti (Zugmayer 1911) -- (Morrow 1973:136 [ref. 7175], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:344 [ref. 13675], Scott & Scott 1988:176 [ref. 25518], McAllister 1990:94 [ref. 14674], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:311 [ref. 14915], Santos et al. 1997:35 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:37 [ref. 24952], Porteiro et al. 1999:30 [ref. 24203], Moore et al. 2003:187 [ref. 27076], Psomadakis et al. 2012:16 [ref. 33457], Harold 2016:1813 [ref. 34568], Schnell & Johnson 2017:2 [ref. 35193], Carneiro et al. 2019:96 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:94 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:175 [ref. 39448] with question, Page et al. 2023:87 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Bathophilus vaillanti (Zugmayer 1911). Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Circumglobal. Habitat: marine.

valdiviae, Melanostomias Brauer [A.] 1902:285 [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 25 (no. 668); ref. 631] Off west coast of Sumatra, ca. 48 kilometers southeast of Telukdalem, southern Pulau Nias, Sumatera Utara Province, Indonesia, eastern Indian Ocean, 0°15'02"N, 98°08'08"E, Valdivia station 194, depth 614 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMB 17448. •Valid as Melanostomias valdiviae Brauer 1902 -- (Morrow 1973:134 [ref. 7175], Gibbs in Whitehead et al. 1984:360 [ref. 13675], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:51 [ref. 6441], Gibbs 1986:242 [ref. 5655], Coad 1987:89 [ref. 11817], Scott & Scott 1988:178 [ref. 25518], McAllister 1990:95 [ref. 14674], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:330 [ref. 14915], Santos et al. 1997:37 [ref. 23531], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:531 [ref. 23897], Fricke 1999:90 [ref. 24106], Porteiro et al. 1999:10 [ref. 24203], Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:337 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:337 [ref. 26001], Harold 2003:912 [ref. 27001], Menezes et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:47 [ref. 27192], Moore et al. 2003:190 [ref. 27076], Love et al. 2005:39 [ref. 37547], Mundy 2005:188 [ref. 28379], Paxton et al. 2006:449 [ref. 28995], Kenaley et al. 2008:250 [ref. 30630], Kenaley & Stewart 2015:517 [ref. 34248], Harold 2016:1814 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:102 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:118 [ref. 37832], Love et al. 2021:60 [ref. 39279], Fermon et al. 2022:177 [ref. 39448] with question, Rajakrishnan et al. 2023:4 [ref. 40681], Page et al. 2023:89 [ref. 40505], Villarins et al. 2023:254 [ref. 40197]). Current status: Valid as Melanostomias valdiviae Brauer 1902. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Circumglobal, but not in southeastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

valdiviae, Stomias Brauer [A.] 1906:48, Pl. 3 (fig. 1); Figs. 11-13 [Die Tiefsee-Fische v. 15; ref. 632] Gulf of Guinea; Makassar Strait; and south of Socotra Island. Syntypes: (9) ZMB 17441 (?), 17442 (1). •Synonym of Stomias affinis Günther 1887 -- (Gibbs 1990:296 [ref. 14899]). Current status: Synonym of Stomias affinis Günther 1887. Stomiidae: Stomiinae. Habitat: marine.

variabilis, Eustomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:91, Figs. 72, 73A [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] Western Atlantic, 14°38'N, 61°16'W, depth 0-150 meters (300 meters wire out). Lectotype: ZMUC P201984. Paralectotypes: (16) BMNH 1929.7.6.13 (1), 1929.7.6.14 (1), 1929.7.6.112 (1), 1929.7.6.115 (1), 1929.7.6.116 (1), 1929.7.6.118 (1); ZMUC P201980-83 (4), P201985-89 (5). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:19 [ref. 9588]. Lectotype selected by Gomon & Gibbs 1985:24 [ref. 5268]. •Valid as Eustomias variabilis Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Gomon & Gibbs 1985:23 [ref. 5268], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:515 [ref. 23897], Harold 2003:912 [ref. 27001], Page et al. 2023:88 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias variabilis Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

variegatus, Stomias Lesson [R. P.] 1831:142 [Voyage autour du monde Zool. v. 2 (pt 1); ref. 2776] Soledad Bay, Malouines Islands. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. Stomiidae: Stomiinae. Habitat: marine.

vasnetzovi, Chauliodus Novikova [N. S.] 1972:41 [34], Fig. 1 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 12 (no. 1, art. 72); ref. 7633] Southeastern Pacific, 32°18'S, 71°50'W, depth 0-500 meters. Holotype: ZIN 40255. Paratypes: ZIN 40256-60 (1, 2, 1, 1, 1). On p. 34 of English translation. •Valid as Chauliodus vasnetzovi Novikova 1972 -- (Parin & Novikova 1974:301 [ref. 7528], Pequeño 1989:31 [ref. 14125]). Current status: Valid as Chauliodus vasnetzovi Novikova 1972. Stomiidae: Chauliodontinae. Distribution: Southeastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

vatei, Astronesthes Fourmanoir [P.] & Rivaton [J.] 1979:432, Fig. 21 [Cahiers de l'Indo-Pacifique v. 1 (no. 4); ref. 8833] Vanuatu (stomach content). Holotype (unique): MNHN 1978-0692. •Synonym of Astronesthes splendidus Brauer 1902 -- (Parin & Borodulina 2000:S24 [ref. 26044]). Current status: Synonym of Astronesthes splendida Brauer 1902. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Habitat: marine.

venetaenia, Photonectes Prokofiev [A. M.] 2016:487, Fig. 1 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 56 (no. 4); ref. 34688] Western Pacific Ocean, 01°15'S, 142°46'E, trawled in 1000 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMMU 23811. •Valid as Photonectes venetaenia Prokofiev 2016 -- (Koeda & Ho 2019:184 [ref. 36650], Prokofiev & Klepadlo 2019:280 [ref. 36682], Prokofiev 2019:450 [ref. 36966]). Current status: Valid as Photonectes venetaenia Prokofiev 2016. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western Pacific Ocean. Habitat: marine.

vierecki, Melanostomias Fowler [H. W.] 1934:265, Fig. 25 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 85 (for 1933); ref. 1416] Palanog Point, East of Masbate Island, Philippines, Albatross station D.5215, depth 604 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 92340. •Synonym of Melanostomias valdiviae Brauer 1902 -- (Morrow 1973:134 [ref. 7175], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:330 [ref. 14915]). •Valid as Melanostomias vierecki Fowler 1934 -- (Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741]). Current status: Valid as Melanostomias vierecki Fowler 1934. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Cosmopolitan. Habitat: marine.

vitiazi, Eustomias Parin [N. V.] & Pokhil'skaya [G. N.] 1974:350, Fig. 17 [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 96; ref. 7527] Southwestern Pacific, Phoenix Islands area, 7°58'S, 175°57'W, depth 180-0 meters. Holotype: ZIN 41535. •Valid as Eustomias vitiazi Parin & Pokhil'skaya 1974 -- (Gibbs et al. 1983:83 [ref. 5269], Paxton et al. 1989:200 [ref. 12442], Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741], Paxton et al. 2006:447 [ref. 28995]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias vitiazi Parin & Pokhil'skaya 1974. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western Pacific. Habitat: marine.

vulgaris, Eustomias Clarke [T. A.] 2001:687, Fig. 2A [Copeia 2001 (no. 3); ref. 25448] North Pacific, near Hawaiian lslands, depth 0-160 meters. Holotype: USNM 292864. Paratypes: AMS I21365-014 (1); SIO 2000-2 (1); USNM 292857-58 (1, 1), 292909 (1), 292914 (1), 292916 (1); plus nontype material. •Valid as Eustomias vulgaris Clarke 2001 -- (Mundy 2005:186 [ref. 28379], Paxton et al. 2006:448 [ref. 28995], Paxton et al. 2006:448 [ref. 28995], Fricke et al. 2011:357 [ref. 31242]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias vulgaris Clarke 2001. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western and central Pacific: eastern Indonesia and New South Wales (Australia) east to Hawaiian Islands, south to New Caledonia. Habitat: marine.

waitti, Photonectes Flynn [A. J.] & Klepadlo [C.] 2012:260, Fig. 2 [Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria v. 69; ref. 32343] 0°34.836' - 35.329'N, 176°56.432' - 49.956'W, Indo-Pacific. Holotype: NMV A 30913-001. Paratypes: many at AMS, NMV, SIO, USNM. •Valid as Photonectes waitti Flynn & Klepadlo 2012 -- (Koeda & Ho 2019:184 [ref. 36650], Prokofiev 2019:450 [ref. 36966]). Current status: Valid as Photonectes waitti Flynn & Klepadlo 2012. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western and central Pacific, northwestern Coral Sea and Indian Ocean (Gulf of Aden). Habitat: marine.

woollardi, Eustomias Clarke [T. A.] 1998:682, Fig. 2C [Copeia 1998 (no. 3); ref. 23419] Northeastern Pacific, 9°08'N, 150°03'W, Hugh meters. Smith station 47-66, depth 0-96 meters. Holotype: USNM 341555. Paratypes: SIO 97-176 (1), USNM 278278 (11). •Valid as Eustomias woollardi Clarke 1998 -- (Mundy 2005:186 [ref. 28379]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias woollardi Clarke 1998. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Eastern North Pacific. Habitat: marine.

xenicus, Eupogonesthes Parin [N. V.] & Borodulina [O. D.] 1993:443 [112], Figs. 1-2 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 33 (no. 3); ref. 21319] Indian Ocean, 22°00'S, 113°14'E, depth 554 meters. Holotype (unique): AMS 31154-006. On p. 112 of English translation. •Valid as Eupogonesthes xenicus Parin & Borodulina 1993 -- (Paxton et al. 2006:438 [ref. 28995], Liao et al. 2006:526 [ref. 29419]). Current status: Valid as Eupogonesthes xenicus Parin & Borodulina 1993. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Indian Ocean and southwestern Taiwan. Habitat: marine.

xenobolus, Eustomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:92, Fig. 75 [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] Near St. Croix Island, Caribbean Sea, 17°43'N, 64°56'W, Dana station 1279, depth 0-500 meters (1000 meters wire out). Holotype (unique): ZMUC P201913. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:19 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Eustomias xenobolus Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Gomon & Gibbs 1985:49 [ref. 5268], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:516 [ref. 23897], Harold 2003:912 [ref. 27001], Prokofiev & Orlov 2022:242 [ref. 39047], Page et al. 2023:88 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Eustomias xenobolus Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

xenopogon, Photonectes Prokofiev [A. M.] 2019:472, Figs. 2m, 6a-d [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 59 (no. 4); ref. 36966] 08°40'N, 119°48'E, depth 500 meters. Holotype: IO RAS 3591. Paratype: IO RAS 3592 (1). •Valid as Photonectes xenopogon Prokofiev 2019. Current status: Valid as Photonectes xenopogon Prokofiev 2019. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Sulu Sea, western Central Pacific. Habitat: marine.

xenostoma, Aristostomias Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:139, Pl. 13 (fig. 3); Fig. 133-134 [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] Caribbean Sea; northern Atlantic. Syntypes: (11 + 9 juveniles) BMNH 1929.7.6.243 (1), 1929.7.6.244 (1), 1929.7.6.245 (1), 1929.7.6.246 (1), 1929.7.6.247 (1); MNHN 1938-0124 (1); ZMUC P201927 (1) 14°00 N, 61°40'W, P20438-48 (11). Type catalog: Bertin 1940:311 [ref. 293], Nielsen 1974:26 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Aristostomias xenostoma Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Morrow 1964:541 [ref. 6958], Goodyear 1990:339 [ref. 14930], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:473 [ref. 23897], Harold 1999:1917 [ref. 24741] as Aristomias, Harold 2003:903 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:192 [ref. 27076], Harold 2016:1808 [ref. 34568], Schnell & Johnson 2017:2 [ref. 35193], Carneiro et al. 2019:93 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:85 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:179 [ref. 39448], Page et al. 2023:86 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Aristostomias xenostoma Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Malacosteinae. Distribution: Circumglobal. Habitat: marine.

zetgibbsi, Astronesthes Parin [N. V.] & Borodulina [O. D.] 1997:413, Fig. 1 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 37 (no. 3); ref. 23205] Southeastern Pacific, 36°40'S, 123°58'W, depth 80 meters. Holotype: ZIN 51277. Paratypes: ZIN 51278 (1), ZMMU P-20132-34 (1, 1, 3). Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:48 [ref. 25714]. •Valid as Astronesthes zetgibbsi Parin & Borodulina 1997 -- (Parin & Borodulina 1998:695 [ref. 24685], Parin & Borodulina 2003:594 [ref. 27333]). Current status: Valid as Astronesthes zetgibbsi Parin & Borodulina 1997. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: South Pacific. Habitat: marine.

zharovi, Astronesthes Parin [N. V.] & Borodulina [O. D.] 1998:693, Fig. [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 38 (no. 5); ref. 24685] Atlantic, 0°20'N, 25°20'W, depth 580-600 meters. Holotype: ISH 803-1968. Paratypes: ISH 2684-1971 (1); Univ. S. Fla. uncat (1 + 1); USNM 301067 (1), 301140-41 (1, 1); ZMMU P-20383 (1). •Valid as Astronesthes zharovi Parin & Borodulina 1998 -- (Harold 2003:895 [ref. 27001], Parin & Borodulina 2003:595 [ref. 27333], Harold 2016:1799 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:95 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:89 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:173 [ref. 39448] with question, Page et al. 2023:86 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Astronesthes zharovi Parin & Borodulina 1998. Stomiidae: Astronesthinae. Distribution: Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

zugmayeri, Eustomias Parr [A. E.] 1927:62 [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 3 (art. 2); ref. 3367] Atlantic, 36°05'30"N, 9°00'30"W. Holotype: MOM 91 1015. Type not found in 1995, subsequently found. •Synonym of Eustomias obscurus Vaillant 1884 -- (Morrow 1973:138 [ref. 7175], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:320 [ref. 14915]). Current status: Synonym of Eustomias obscurus Vaillant 1884. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Habitat: marine.

zygolampas, Eustomias (Dinematochirus) Prokofiev [A. M.] 2019:263, Fig. 1 [Journal of Ichthyology v. 59 (no. 2); ref. 36740] Madagascar, western Indian Ocean, 13°02'S, 48°02'E, depth 1000 - 1525 meters. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1988-1337. •Valid as Eustomias zygolampas Prokofiev 2019. Current status: Valid as Eustomias zygolampas Prokofiev 2019. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Madagascar, western Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine.