Please look in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes for authorships of sections, Families of Fishes (all), and related information.

Species in the genus Anchoa: [ 64 ] records

analis, Anchoviella Miller [R. R.] 1945:266, Fig. 1 [Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences v. 35 (no. 8); ref. 13148] Laguna Mexcaltitán, Nayarit, near Texpan, west coast of Mexico, near 23°N, 105°30'W. Holotype: USNM 131168. Paratypes: USNM 130857 (3). •Valid as Anchoa analis (Miller 1945) -- (Whitehead & Rodriguez-Sánchez in Fischer et al. 1995:1083 [ref. 22829], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:131 [ref. 24545], Nelson et al. 2004:65 [ref. 27807], Page et al. 2013:66 [ref. 32708]). •Valid as Anchoviella analis Miller 1945 -- (Whitehead et al. 1988:325 [ref. 5725], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:125 [ref. 24550], Loeb 2015:21 [ref. 36196], Loeb et al. 2018:[2] [ref. 35873], Page et al. 2023:59 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Anchoa analis (Miller 1945). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Baja California and western Mexico. Habitat: brackish, marine.

arenicola, Anchovia Meek [S. E.] & Hildebrand [S. F.] 1923:201, Pl. 13 (fig. 1) [Field Museum of Natural History, Publications, Zoölogical Series v. 15 (publ. 215); ref. 2963] Taboga Island, (Pacific) Panama. Holotype: USNM 81744. Paratypes: FMNH 8211-14 (81, 38, 2, 1). Type catalog: Ibarra & Stewart 1987:8 [ref. 12367]. •Synonym of Anchoa argentivittata (Regan 1904) -- (Whitehead et al. 1988:341 [ref. 5725], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:132 [ref. 24550]). Current status: Synonym of Anchoa argentivittata (Regan 1904). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Habitat: marine.

argenteus, Anchoa Schultz [L. P.] 1949:45, Figs. 5, 6b [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 99 (no. 3235); ref. 3967] Lake Maracaibo, 1 kilometer off Pueblo Viejo, Venezuela. Holotype (unique): USNM 121777. •Valid as Anchoa argenteus Schultz 1949 -- (Cervigón 1991:102 [ref. 24472], Aguilera 1998:46 [ref. 24221]). •Synonym of Anchoa spinifer (Valenciennes 1848) -- (Whitehead et al. 1988:371 [ref. 5725], Kullander & Ferraris in Reis et al. 2003:39 [ref. 27061], Nizinski & Munroe 2003:780 [ref. 26995]). Current status: Synonym of Anchoa spinifer (Valenciennes 1848). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic; eastern Pacific. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

argentivittatus, Engraulis (Stolephorus) Regan [C. T.] 1904:255 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 13 (no. 76) (art. 30); ref. 15198] Las Peñas, Jalisco [Puerto Vallarta], Mexico. Syntypes: BMNH 1892.9.5.107-109 (3). •Valid as Anchoa argentivittata (Regan 1904) -- (Whitehead et al. 1988:341 [ref. 5725], Bussing & López S. 1994:52 [ref. 23101], Whitehead & Rodriguez-Sánchez in Fischer et al. 1995:1083 [ref. 22829], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:128 [ref. 24545], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:194 [ref. 24023], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:132 [ref. 24550], Nelson et al. 2004:65 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:24 [ref. 37547], Page et al. 2013:66 [ref. 32708], Love et al. 2021:41 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:59 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Anchoa argentivittata (Regan 1904). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Pacific coast of Baja California Sur (Mexico) south to Ecuador, including southern-central Gulf of California (Mexico) and Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). Habitat: marine.

astilbe, Stolephorus Jordan [D. S.] & Rutter [C. L.] 1897:95 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 49; ref. 10644] Kingston, Jamaica. Syntypes: BMNH 1900.9.29.182-184 (3), MCZ 31392 (now 8), NMW 9236-38 (3), CAS-SU 4854 (92), USNM 120409 [ex MCZ 31392] (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:12 [ref. 12291]. •Synonym of Anchoa cubana (Poey 1868) -- (Whitehead et al. 1988:347 [ref. 5725], Faloh-Gandarilla et al. 2016:30 [ref. 35195]). Current status: Synonym of Anchoa cubana (Poey 1868). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Habitat: marine.

belizensis, Anchoviella Thomerson [J. E.] & Greenfield [D. W.] 1975:50, Fig. 1 [Copeia 1975 (no. 1); ref. 7478] Sibun River, Belize. Holotype: FMNH 78363. Paratypes: BFO [Belize Fisheries office] (2); BMNH 1974.3.7.1 (1), 1974.3.7.2-6 (5); CAS 29943-44 (5, 1); FMNH 78364-65 (4, 31); LACM 33899-1 (3), 33900-1 (1); UMMZ 197723-24 (5, 1); USNM 211608-09 (1, 5). Type catalog: Ibarra & Stewart 1987:8 [ref. 12367]. •Valid as Anchoa belizensis (Thomerson & Greenfield 1975) -- (Whitehead et al. 1988:342 [ref. 5725], Greenfield & Thomerson 1997:68 [ref. 22947], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:138 [ref. 24550], Kullander & Ferraris in Reis et al. 2003:39 [ref. 27061], Nelson et al. 2004:65 [ref. 27807], Page et al. 2013:66 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:59 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Anchoa belizensis (Thomerson & Greenfield 1975). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Distribution: Central America: Atlantic slope (Belize and Guatemala). Habitat: freshwater.

brownii, Atherina Gmelin [J. F.] 1789:1397 [Caroli a Linné ... Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae v. 1 (pt 3); ref. 18139] Atlantic and Pacifics. No types known. •Synonym of Anchoa hepsetus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Whitehead et al. 1988:355 [ref. 5725], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:129 [ref. 24550]). Current status: Synonym of Anchoa hepsetus (Linnaeus 1758). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

cayorum, Anchovia choerostoma Fowler [H. W.] 1906:85, Fig. 4 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 58; ref. 1371] Hailer's Rock, Florida Keys, Florida, U.S.A. Holotype: ANSP 30613. Paratypes: ANSP 30614-20 (7). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:101 [ref. 13621]. •Valid as Anchoa cayorum (Fowler 1906) -- (Robins & Ray 1986:74 [ref. 23100], Whitehead et al. 1988:343 [ref. 5725], Cervigón 1991:104 [ref. 24472], Cervigón 1992:310 [ref. 23827], Greenfield & Thomerson 1997:69 [ref. 22947], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:349 [ref. 23897], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:150 [ref. 27754], Nizinski & Munroe 2003:770 [ref. 26995], Smith et al. 2003:9 [ref. 27621], Nelson et al. 2004:65 [ref. 27807], Dennis et al. 2004:71 [ref. 31601], Page et al. 2013:66 [ref. 32708], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:26 [ref. 33341], Page et al. 2023:59 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Anchoa cayorum (Fowler 1906). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

chamensis, Anchoa Hildebrand [S. F.] 1943:54, Fig. 19 [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 8 (art. 2); ref. 13209] Chame Point, (Pacific) Panama. Holotype (unique): USNM 119787. •Valid as Anchoa chamensis Hildebrand 1943 -- (Whitehead et al. 1988:344 [ref. 5725], Bussing & López S. 1994:50 [ref. 23101], Whitehead & Rodriguez-Sánchez in Fischer et al. 1995:1083 [ref. 22829]). Current status: Valid as Anchoa chamensis Hildebrand 1943. Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

choerostomus, Engraulis Goode [G. B.] 1874:125 [American Journal of Science and Arts (Series 3) v. 8 (no. 43, art. 12); ref. 18138] Hamilton Harbor, Bermuda. Syntypes: USNM 21958 (34), plus Univ. Mus. in Middletown, Conn. (whereabouts unknown). •Valid as Anchoa choerostoma (Goode 1874) -- (Whitehead et al. 1988:345 [ref. 5725], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:143 [ref. 25013], Nizinski & Munroe 2003:793 [ref. 26995], Smith-Vaniz & Collette 2013:168 [ref. 32953]). Current status: Valid as Anchoa choerostoma (Goode 1874). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Bermuda. Habitat: marine.

clarki, Engraulis Hildebrand [S. F.] 1943:19, Fig. 5 [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 8 (art. 2); ref. 13209] Balboa, Canal Zone, (Pacific) Panama. Holotype: USNM 119797. Paratypes: USNM 119798 (1). •Synonym of Anchoa starksi (Gilbert & Pierson 1898) -- (Nelson 1986:891 [ref. 5735], Whitehead et al. 1988:372 [ref. 5725]). Current status: Synonym of Anchoa starksi (Gilbert & Pierson 1898). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

colonensis, Anchoa hepsetus Hildebrand [S. F.] 1943:60, Fig. 22 [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 8 (art. 2); ref. 13209] Vicinity of Colón, (Atlantic) Panama. Holotype: USNM 117664. Paratypes: (12) FMNH 2685 (?12), USNM 79555 (2). Type catalog: Ibarra & Stewart 1987:7 [ref. 12367]. •Synonym of Anchoa hepsetus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:128 [ref. 24550]). •Valid as Anchoa colonensis Hildebrand 1943 -- (Whitehead et al. 1988:345 [ref. 5725], Cervigón 1992:310 [ref. 23827], Greenfield & Thomerson 1997:69 [ref. 22947], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:150 [ref. 27754], Nizinski & Munroe 2003:771 [ref. 26995], Nelson et al. 2004:65 [ref. 27807], Matamoros et al. 2009:8 [ref. 31241], Page et al. 2013:66 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:59 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Anchoa colonensis Hildebrand 1943. Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: brackish, marine.

compressus, Engraulis Girard [C. F.] 1858:336 [General report upon zoology of the several Pacific railroad routes, 1857; ref. 4911] San Diego, California, U.S.A. Syntypes: ?RMNH 6262 [ex U.S. Fish. Comm.] (1), ?RMNH 11525 [ex USNM] (1), USNM 948 (5). •Valid as Anchoa compressa (Girard 1858) -- (Eschmeyer & Herald 1983:74 [ref. 9277], Whitehead et al. 1988:345 [ref. 5725], Swift et al. 1993:131 [ref. 22379], Whitehead & Rodriguez-Sánchez in Fischer et al. 1995:1073 [ref. 22829], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:131 [ref. 24545], Ruiz-Campos et al. 2000:68 [ref. 24940], Nelson et al. 2004:65 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:24 [ref. 37547], Mundy 2005:147 [ref. 28379], Page et al. 2013:66 [ref. 32708], Kells et al. 2016:90 [ref. 35888], Love et al. 2021:41 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:59 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Anchoa compressa (Girard 1858). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Morro Bay, central California (U.S.A.) south to Pacific coast of Baja California Sur (Mexico). Habitat: brackish, marine.

continentalis, Anchoa lyolepis Cervigón [F.] 1969:238 [Memoria de la Sociedad de Ciencias Naturales La Salle v. 29; ref. 21778] •Synonym of Anchoa lyolepis (Evermann & Marsh 1900) -- (Whitehead et al. 1988:360 [ref. 5725]). Current status: Synonym of Anchoa lyolepis (Evermann & Marsh 1900). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Habitat: marine.

cubanus, Engraulis Poey [F.] 1868:420 [Repertorio Fisico-Natural de la Isla de Cuba v. 2; ref. 3505] Cuba. Syntypes: MCZ 17958 (4). Type catalog: Faloh-Gandarilla et al. 2016:30 [ref. 35195]. •Valid as Anchoa cubana (Poey 1868) -- (Robins & Ray 1986:74 [ref. 23100], Whitehead et al. 1988:347 [ref. 5725], Cervigón 1991:105 [ref. 24472], Boschung 1992:43 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:310 [ref. 23827], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:350 [ref. 23897], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:133 [ref. 24550], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:144 [ref. 25013], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:150 [ref. 27754], Nizinski & Munroe 2003:772 [ref. 26995], Smith et al. 2003:9 [ref. 27621], Nelson et al. 2004:65 [ref. 27807], Page et al. 2013:66 [ref. 32708], Faloh-Gandarilla et al. 2016:30 [ref. 35195], Page et al. 2023:59 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Anchoa cubana (Poey 1868). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: North Carolina (U.S.A.) south to Rio de Janeiro (Brazil), including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. IUCN (2015): Least Concern. Habitat: brackish, marine.

cultratus, Stolephorus Gilbert [C. H.] 1892:544 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 14 (no. 880); ref. 1626] Santa Margarita Island, off Baja California, Mexico. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Anchoa nasus (Kner & Steindachner 1867) -- (Whitehead et al. 1988:366 [ref. 5725], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:134 [ref. 24550] as naso). Current status: Synonym of Anchoa nasus (Kner & Steindachner 1867). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

curtus, Stolephorus Jordan [D. S.] & Gilbert [C. H.] 1882:343 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 4 (no. 237); ref. 2470] Astillero at Mazatlán, Sinaloa, western Mexico. Syntypes: MCZ 31402 (1), USNM 29242 (14). •Valid as Anchoa curta (Jordan & Gilbert 1882) -- (Whitehead et al. 1988:348 [ref. 5725], Bussing & López S. 1994:50 [ref. 23101], Whitehead & Rodriguez-Sánchez in Fischer et al. 1995:1084 [ref. 22829], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:131 [ref. 24545], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:187 [ref. 24555], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:135 [ref. 24550], Nelson et al. 2004:65 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:24 [ref. 37547], Angulo et al. 2013:990 [ref. 33194], McMahan et al. 2013:443 [ref. 32422], Page et al. 2013:66 [ref. 32708], Barriga Salazar 2014:104 [ref. 35745], Romero-Berny et al. 2018:88 [ref. 35859], Love et al. 2021:41 [ref. 39279], Angulo et al. 2023:16 [ref. 40676], Page et al. 2023:59 [ref. 40505], Siccha-Ramirez et al. 2023:110 [ref. 40816]). Current status: Valid as Anchoa curta (Jordan & Gilbert 1882). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Pacific coast of Baja California Sur (Mexico) south to northern Peru, including southern half of Gulf of California (Mexico). Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

delicatissimus, Engraulis Girard [C. F.] 1854:154 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 7; ref. 5769] San Diego, California, U.S.A. Syntypes: ?RMNH 11564 [ex USNM] (7). •Valid as Stolephorus delicatissimus (Girard 1854) -- (Herrera 1896:30 [ref. 39336] with autor as Jordan & G.). •Valid as Anchoa delicatissima (Girard 1854) -- (Eschmeyer & Herald 1983:74 [ref. 9277], Whitehead et al. 1988:349 [ref. 5725], Swift et al. 1993:130 [ref. 22379], Whitehead & Rodriguez-Sánchez in Fischer et al. 1995:1074 [ref. 22829], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:131 [ref. 24545], Nelson et al. 2004:65 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:24 [ref. 37547], Page et al. 2013:66 [ref. 32708], Kells et al. 2016:90 [ref. 35888], Love et al. 2021:41 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:59 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Anchoa delicatissima (Girard 1854). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: southern California (U.S.A.) south to Pacific coast of Baja California Sur (Mexico). Habitat: brackish, marine.

diaphana, Anchoa mitchilli Hildebrand [S. F.] 1943:91, Fig. 38 [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 8 (art. 2); ref. 13209] Grand Isle, Louisiana, U.S.A. Holotype: USNM 119790. Paratypes: FMNH 37633-42 (10); UMMZ 143062-63 (518, 417); USNM 127733 (77), 127735 (24), 127740 (3). Type catalog: Ibarra & Stewart 1987:8 [ref. 12367]. •Synonym of Anchoa mitchilli (Valenciennes 1848) -- (Lee et al. 1980:73 [ref. 22416], Whitehead et al. 1988:363 [ref. 5725], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:136 [ref. 24550]). Current status: Synonym of Anchoa mitchilli (Valenciennes 1848). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

eigenmannia, Anchovia Meek [S. E.] & Hildebrand [S. F.] 1923:205, Pl. 14 (fig. 2) [Field Museum of Natural History, Publications, Zoölogical Series v. 15 (publ. 215); ref. 2963] Taboga Island, (Pacific) Panama. Holotype: USNM 79589. Paratypes: FMNH 8221 (7); USNM 81745 (1), 81752 (7). Type catalog: Ibarra & Stewart 1987:8 [ref. 12367]. •Valid as Anchoa eigenmannia (Meek & Hildebrand 1923) -- (Whitehead et al. 1988:350 [ref. 5725], Bussing & López S. 1994:50 [ref. 23101], Whitehead & Rodriguez-Sánchez in Fischer et al. 1995:1084 [ref. 22829], González-Murcia et al. 2019:289 [ref. 36544]). Current status: Valid as Anchoa eigenmannia (Meek & Hildebrand 1923). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: southwestern Mexico south to Ecuador. Habitat: marine.

epsetus, Esox Bonnaterre [J. P.] 1788:175 [Tableau encyclopédique et méthodique des trois règnes de la nature... Ichthyologie; ref. 4940] American seas. Not available; an incorrect subsequent spelling of Esox hepsetus Linnaeus 1758; Bonnaterre 1788:175 referred to "Linn. s. n. 517." •In the synonymy of Anchoa hepsetus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:00 [ref. 24550]). Misspelling. Current status: Synonym of Anchoa hepsetus (Linnaeus 1758). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

exiguus, Stolephorus Jordan [D. S.] & Gilbert [C. H.] 1882:342 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 4 (no. 237); ref. 2470] Astillero at Mazatlán, Sinaloa, western Mexico. Syntypes: MCZ 31393 (1), USNM 28120 (now 5). •Valid as Anchoa exigua (Jordan & Gilbert 1882) -- (Whitehead et al. 1988:351 [ref. 5725], Bussing & López S. 1994:52 [ref. 23101], Whitehead & Rodriguez-Sánchez in Fischer et al. 1995:1084 [ref. 22829], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:129 [ref. 24545], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:187 [ref. 24555], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:133 [ref. 24550], Nelson et al. 2004:66 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:24 [ref. 37547], Page et al. 2013:66 [ref. 32708], Love et al. 2021:41 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:59 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Anchoa exigua (Jordan & Gilbert 1882). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Pacific coast of central Baja California (Mexico) south to northern Peru, including southern Gulf of California (Mexico). Habitat: marine.

filifera, Anchovia Fowler [H. W.] 1915:524, Fig. 2 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 67; ref. 14998] Port of Spain, Trinidad Island, West Indies. Holotype: ANSP 45080. Paratypes: ANSP 45081-82 (2). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:101 [ref. 13621]. •Valid as Anchoa filifera (Fowler 1915) -- (Nelson 1986:895 [ref. 5735], Whitehead et al. 1988:352 [ref. 5725], Cervigón 1991:107 [ref. 24472], Cervigón 1992:310 [ref. 23827], Camargo & Isaac 2001:140 [ref. 27639], Menezes & Figueiredo in Menezes et al. 2003:38 [ref. 27192], Nizinski & Munroe 2003:773 [ref. 26995], Matamoros et al. 2009:8 [ref. 31241], Spier et al. 2018:6 [ref. 36103], Ribeiro et al. 2019:5 [ref. 36717], Caires et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:136 [ref. 38945], Carvalho-Filho 2023:67 [ref. 40480]). Current status: Valid as Anchoa filifera (Fowler 1915). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Panama south to São Paulo (Brazil), including southern Caribbean Sea. Habitat: brackish, marine.

ginsburgi, Anchoa Hildebrand [S. F.] 1943:55, Fig. 20 [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 8 (art. 2); ref. 13209] Eslaques Bay, Gulf of Venezuela. Holotype: USNM 119788. Paratypes: USNM 119789 (1), 127608-09 (7, 3), 127610 (4, juv.). •Synonym of Anchoa hepsetus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Whitehead et al. 1988:355 [ref. 5725]). Current status: Synonym of Anchoa hepsetus (Linnaeus 1758). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

helleri, Anchoviella Hubbs [C. L.] 1921:47 [Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington v. 34; ref. 15316] San Felipe Bay, Gulf of California, Mexico. Holotype: FMNH 3332. Paratypes: FMNH 9515 (2). Type catalog: Ibarra & Stewart 1987:8 [ref. 12367]. •Valid as Anchoa helleri (Hubbs 1921) -- (Whitehead et al. 1988:354 [ref. 5725], Whitehead & Rodriguez-Sánchez in Fischer et al. 1995:1085 [ref. 22829], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:131 [ref. 24545], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:131 [ref. 24550], Nelson et al. 2004:66 [ref. 27807], Page et al. 2013:66 [ref. 32708], Love et al. 2021:41 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:59 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Anchoa helleri (Hubbs 1921). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Pacific coast of southern Baja California (Mexico), and Gulf of California (Mexico). Habitat: marine.

hepsetus, Esox Linnaeus [C.] 1758:314 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] America (Brazil; Jamaica). No types known. Based on the "Piqvitinga" of Markgraf von Liebstadt 1648:159, fig. [ref. 30347] (Brazil), on the "Menidia corpore subpellucido, linea laterali latiori argentea" of Browne 1756:441, Pl. 45 (fig. 3) [ref. 30188] (Jamaica), and on the "Argentina pinna dorsali pinnae ani opposita" of Linnaeus 1749:321 [ref. 38023]. Incorrectly spelled epsetus by Bonnaterre 1788:175 [ref. 4940]. •Valid as Anchoa hepsetus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Smith 1986:398 [ref. 22186], Robins & Ray 1986:73 [ref. 23100], Whitehead et al. 1988:355 [ref. 5725], Scott & Scott 1988:119 [ref. 25518], McAllister 1990:53 [ref. 14674], Cervigón 1991:112 [ref. 24472], Boschung 1992:43 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:311 [ref. 23827], Murdy et al. 1997:66 [ref. 23144], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:351 [ref. 23897], Aguilera 1998:46 [ref. 24221], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:129 [ref. 24550], Camargo & Isaac 2001:140 [ref. 27639] as cf. hepsetus, Munroe in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:106 [ref. 26158], López et al. 2002:63 [ref. 26808], Nizinski & Munroe 2003:774 [ref. 26995], Smith et al. 2003:10 [ref. 27621], Nelson et al. 2004:66 [ref. 27807], García-Hernández et al. 2009:91 [ref. 37265], Page et al. 2013:66 [ref. 32708], Nión et al. 2016:26 [ref. 35565], Raz-Guzmán et al. 2018:344 [ref. 36407], Robins et al. 2018:435 [ref. 35886], Angulo et al. 2023:16 [ref. 40676], Carvalho-Filho 2023:67 [ref. 40480], Page et al. 2023:59 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Anchoa hepsetus (Linnaeus 1758). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Massachusetts (U.S.A.) south to Uruguay, including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. IUCN (2015): Least Concern. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

hiulcus, Engraulis Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.] 1880:343 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 2 (no. 98); ref. 18135] Clearwater Harbor, Florida, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): USNM 23632 (poor condition). •The same as Anchoa lamprotaenia Hildebrand 1943 -- (Whitehead et al. 1988:358 [ref. 5725] as a forgotten name). Current status: Synonym of Anchoa lamprotaenia Hildebrand 1943. Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Habitat: marine.

howelli, Anchoa Hildebrand [S. F.] 1943:106, Fig. 46 [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 8 (art. 2); ref. 13209] Market at Santos, Brazil. Holotype: USNM 100888. Paratypes: USNM 117669 [ex USNM 76328] (1). •Synonym of Anchoa filifera (Fowler 1915) -- (Whitehead et al. 1988:352 [ref. 5725], Nizinski & Munroe 2003:773 [ref. 26995]). Current status: Synonym of Anchoa filifera (Fowler 1915). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

ischanus, Stolephorus Jordan [D. S.] & Gilbert [C. H.] 1882:340 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 4 (no. 237); ref. 2470] Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico, eastern Pacific. Syntypes: USNM 29246 [not 28246] (28). •Valid as Anchoa ischana (Jordan & Gilbert 1882) -- (Whitehead et al. 1988:356 [ref. 5725], Bussing & López S. 1994:52 [ref. 23101], Whitehead & Rodriguez-Sánchez in Fischer et al. 1995:1075 [ref. 22829], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:130 [ref. 24545], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:193 [ref. 24023], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:186 [ref. 24555], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:131 [ref. 24550], Nelson et al. 2004:66 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:24 [ref. 37547], McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:189 [ref. 30957], Page et al. 2013:66 [ref. 32708], Galván-Villa et al. 2016:144 [ref. 34871], Love et al. 2021:42 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:59 [ref. 40505], Siccha-Ramirez et al. 2023:111 [ref. 40816]). Current status: Valid as Anchoa ischana (Jordan & Gilbert 1882). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Pacific coast of Baja California Sur (Mexico) south to northern Peru, including Gulf of California (Mexico), Cocos Island (Costa Rica) and Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). Habitat: brackish, marine.

januarius, Engraulis Steindachner [F.] 1879:176 [58] [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 80 (nos 1-2); ref. 4229] Harbor of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Lectotype: NMW 2790 (51.4 mm SL). Paralectotypes: NMW 2790 (1 of 2, 54 mm SL). Type information and lectotype designation: Whitehead 1970:24 [ref. 11605]. On p. 58 of separate. •Valid as Anchoa januaria (Steindachner 1879) -- (Whitehead et al. 1988:357 [ref. 5725], Cervigón 1991:109 [ref. 24472], González Bencomo et al. 1997:158 [ref. 24960], Aguilera 1998:46 [ref. 24221], Marín 2000:66 [ref. 26252], Camargo & Isaac 2001:140 [ref. 27639] dated 1880, Nizinski & Munroe 2003:775 [ref. 26995], Menezes & Figuiredo in Menezes et al. 2003:38 [ref. 27192] with author as Hildebrand 1943, Di Dario et al. 2013:262 [ref. 37503], Catelani et al. 2014:931 [ref. 37496], Petry et al. 2016:300 [ref. 34966], Costa et al. 2017:44 [ref. 35684], Ribeiro et al. 2019:5 [ref. 36717], Caires et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:137 [ref. 38945], Carvalho-Filho 2023:67 [ref. 40480]). Current status: Valid as Anchoa januaria (Steindachner 1879). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Distribution: Southwestern Atlantic: Venezuela south to southern Brazil. Habitat: marine.

lamprotaenia, Anchoa Hildebrand [S. F.] 1943:62, Fig. 23 [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 8 (art. 2); ref. 13209] Key West, Florida, U.S.A. Holotype: USNM 117661. Paratypes: FMNH 1984 (16), 6959 (5), 8217 (22), 37354-40 (7), 37569-92 (23), 37621-25 (5), 37526 (1), 37528-33 (6); UMMZ 60691 (4), 87969 (3), 112900 (10), 143066 (17); USNM (197, 18 lots). Type catalog: Ibarra & Stewart 1987:8 [ref. 12367]. •Valid as Anchoa lamprotaenia Hildebrand 1943 -- (Robins & Ray 1986:73 [ref. 23100], Whitehead et al. 1988:358 [ref. 5725], Cervigón 1991:106 [ref. 24472], Cervigón 1992:311 [ref. 23827], Greenfield & Thomerson 1997:70 [ref. 22947], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:352 [ref. 23897], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:130 [ref. 24550], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:150 [ref. 27754], Nizinski & Munroe 2003:776 [ref. 26995], Smith et al. 2003:10 [ref. 27621], Nelson et al. 2004:66 [ref. 27807], Page et al. 2013:66 [ref. 32708], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:26 [ref. 33341], Angulo et al. 2023:16 [ref. 40676], Page et al. 2023:59 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Anchoa lamprotaenia Hildebrand 1943. Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

lemniscatus, Engraulis Cuvier [G.] 1829:323 [Le Règne Animal (Edition 2) v. 2; ref. 995] Brazil. No types known. Type catalog: Whitehead & Bauchot 1986:48 [ref. 9739]. Available from footnote as, "Aj. Engr. lemniscatus, N., ou piquitinga, Margr., 159, Spix, xxiii." •Synonym of Anchoa tricolor (Spix & Agassiz 1829) -- (Whitehead et al. 1988:372 [ref. 5725]). Current status: Synonym of Anchoa tricolor (Spix & Agassiz 1829). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

longipinna, Anchoviella Beebe [W.] & Tee-Van [J.] 1928:48, Fig. [Zoologica, Scientific Contributions of the New York Zoological Society v. 10 (no. 1); ref. 15836] Bizoton, Haiti, West Indies. Holotype: USNM 170574 [ex NYZS 7460]. Paratypes: USNM 170575 [ex NYZS 7461] (10). Type catalog: Mead 1958:131 [ref. 20648]. •Synonym of Anchoa filifera (Fowler 1915) -- (Whitehead et al. 1988:352 [ref. 5725]). Current status: Synonym of Anchoa filifera (Fowler 1915). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

louisiana, Engraulis Lesueur [C. A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1848:51 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 21; ref. 1013] Type catalog: Whitehead & Bauchot 1985:48 [ref. 9739]. Not available, name mentioned in passing, no description; from Lake Ponchartrain, New Orleans, U.S.A. •In the synonymy of Anchoa mitchilli (Valenciennes 1848) -- (Whitehead et al. 1988:363 [ref. 5725]). Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Anchoa mitchilli (Valenciennes 1848). Engraulidae: Engraulinae.

lucidus, Stolephorus Jordan [D. S.] & Gilbert [C. H.] 1882:341 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 4 (no. 237); ref. 2470] Mazatlán, Sinaloa, western Mexico. Syntypes: MCZ 36010 [ex SU] (2); USNM 28121 (12), 30884 (21). •Valid as Anchoviella lucida (Jordan & Gilbert 1882) -- (Ovchynnyk 1967:26 [ref. 37559]). •Valid as Anchoa lucida (Jordan & Gilbert 1882) -- (Whitehead et al. 1988:359 [ref. 5725], Bussing & López S. 1994:50 [ref. 23101], Whitehead & Rodriguez-Sánchez in Fischer et al. 1995:1076 [ref. 22829], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:131 [ref. 24545], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:187 [ref. 24555], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:134 [ref. 24550], Nelson et al. 2004:66 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:24 [ref. 37547], Angulo et al. 2013:990 [ref. 33194], Page et al. 2013:66 [ref. 32708], Barriga Salazar 2014:104 [ref. 35745], Romero-Berny et al. 2018:88 [ref. 35859], Love et al. 2021:42 [ref. 39279], Angulo et al. 2023:17 [ref. 40676], Page et al. 2023:59 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Anchoa lucida (Jordan & Gilbert 1882). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Pacific coast of Baja California Sur (Mexico) south to Ecuador, including Gulf of California (Mexico). Habitat: brackish, marine.

lyolepis, Stolephorus Evermann [B. W.] & Marsh [M. C.] 1900:89, Fig. 13 [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 20 (pt 1) [for 1900]; ref. 14876] Culebra Island, Puerto Rico. Holotype: USNM 49528. Paratypes: (36) ?FMNH (5, not found). Type catalog: Ibarra & Stewart 1987:82 [ref. 12367]. •Valid as Anchoa lyolepis (Evermann & Marsh 1900) -- (Nelson 1986:895 [ref. 5735], Robins & Ray 1986:74 [ref. 23100], Whitehead et al. 1988:360 [ref. 5725], Cervigón 1991:110 [ref. 24472], Boschung 1992:43 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:311 [ref. 23827], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:353 [ref. 23897], Aguilera 1998:46 [ref. 24221], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:138 [ref. 24550], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:144 [ref. 25013], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:150 [ref. 27754], Camargo & Isaac 2001:140 [ref. 27639], Menezes & Figueiredo in Menezes et al. 2003:38 [ref. 27192] dated 1902, Nizinski & Munroe 2003:777 [ref. 26995], Nelson et al. 2004:66 [ref. 27807], Page et al. 2013:66 [ref. 32708], Catelani et al. 2014:931 [ref. 37496], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:26 [ref. 33341], Raz-Guzmán et al. 2018:344 [ref. 36407], Spier et al. 2018:6 [ref. 36103], Ribeiro et al. 2019:5 [ref. 36717], Caires et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:138 [ref. 38945], Escobar-Sierra et al. 2021:74 [ref. 38844], Carvalho-Filho 2023:67 [ref. 40480], Page et al. 2023:59 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Anchoa lyolepis (Evermann & Marsh 1900). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: New York (U.S.A.) south to southeastern Brazil, including Caribbean Sea. Habitat: marine.

marinii, Anchoa Hildebrand [S. F.] 1943:99, Fig. 42 [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 8 (art. 2); ref. 13209] Off Isla Flores, Montevideo, Uruguay. Holotype: USNM 87786. Paratypes: UMMZ 133273 (2), 15617-18 (1, 1); USNM 87787 (1). •Valid as Anchoa marinii Hildebrand 1943 -- (Inada in Nakamura et al. 1986:80 [ref. 14235] as marini, Whitehead et al. 1988:362 [ref. 5725], Cousseau & Perrotta 2000:62 [ref. 25942], López et al. 2002:63 [ref. 26808], Menezes & Figueiredo in Menezes et al. 2003:39 [ref. 27192], Mabragaña et al. 2011:table S2 [ref. 31800], Di Dario et al. 2013:262 [ref. 37503], Catelani et al. 2014:931 [ref. 37496], Petry et al. 2016:300 [ref. 34966], Nión et al. 2016:26 [ref. 35565], Ribeiro et al. 2019:5 [ref. 36717], Carvalho-Filho 2023:67 [ref. 40480]). Current status: Valid as Anchoa marinii Hildebrand 1943. Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Distribution: Southwestern Atlantic: Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) south to northern Argentina. Habitat: marine.

mitchilli, Engraulis Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1848:50 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 21; ref. 1013] New York, U.S.A. Lectotype: MNHN A-7930. Paralectotypes: MNHN B-3097 [ex MNHN A-7930] (1), 0000-3722 (6), 0000-3723 (2). Type catalog: Bertin 1940:299 [ref. 293], Whitehead & Bauchot 1986:33 [ref. 9739]. Lectotype selected by Whitehead 1967:128 [ref. 6464]. •Valid as Anchoa mitchilli (Valenciennes 1848) -- (Lee et al. 1980:73 [ref. 22416], Smith 1986:397 [ref. 22186], Robins & Ray 1986:74 [ref. 23100], Whitehead et al. 1988:363 [ref. 5725], Boschung 1992:44 [ref. 23239], Knight & Hastings 1994:149 [ref. 25560], Mettee et al. 1996:121 [ref. 25836], Murdy et al. 1997:65 [ref. 23144], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:354 [ref. 23897], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:136 [ref. 24550], Ross et al. 2001:113 [ref. 25978], Munroe in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:107 [ref. 26158], Nizinski & Munroe 2003:778 [ref. 26995], Nelson et al. 2004:66 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:133 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2005:9 [ref. 28940], Miller 2006:88 [ref. 28615], García-Hernández et al. 2009:91 [ref. 37265], Page & Burr 2011:146 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:66 [ref. 32708], Raz-Guzmán et al. 2018:344 [ref. 36407], Robins et al. 2018:65 [ref. 35886], Page et al. 2023:59 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Anchoa mitchilli (Valenciennes 1848). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: including Gulf of Mexico. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

mundeoloides, Anchovia Breder [C. M., Jr.] 1928:9, Fig. 5 [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 2 (art. 2); ref. 636] San Felipe Bay, Gulf of California, Mexico. Holotype: YPM 1168. Paratypes: USNM 117798 [ex YPM 1169] (5), YPM 1169 (now 9). Type catalog: Moore & Boardman 1991:11 [ref. 16741]. •Valid as Anchoa mundeoloides (Breder 1928) -- (Whitehead et al. 1988:365 [ref. 5725], Whitehead & Rodriguez-Sánchez in Fischer et al. 1995:1085 [ref. 22829], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:131 [ref. 24545], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:128 [ref. 24550], Fuller et al. 1999:40 [ref. 25838], Nelson et al. 2004:66 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:25 [ref. 37547], Page et al. 2013:66 [ref. 32708], Love et al. 2021:42 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:59 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Anchoa mundeoloides (Breder 1928). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Pacific coast of Baja California Sur (Mexico) south to southern Mexico and possibly to Costa Rica, including Gulf of California (Mexico). Habitat: marine.

mundeolus, Stolephorus Gilbert [C. H.] & Pierson [C. J.] in Jordan & Evermann 1898:2812 [Bulletin of the United States National Museum No. 47; ref. 2445] Panama Bay, (Pacific) Panama. Lectotype: CAS-SU 5817 (larger specimen of 2). Paralectotypes: MCZ 60002 [ex CAS-SU 6480] (3); CAS-SU 6837 (10, not found), 6840 (10); USNM 119001 [ex CAS-SU] (1), 274513 [ex USNM 119001] (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:12 [ref. 12291]. Lectotype selected by Nelson 1983:52 [ref. 5189]. •Valid as Anchoa mundeola (Gilbert & Pierson 1898) -- (Nelson & Sonoda 1987:521 [ref. 12331], Whitehead et al. 1988:364 [ref. 5725], Bussing & López S. 1994:50 [ref. 23101], Whitehead & Rodriguez-Sánchez in Fischer et al. 1995:1085 [ref. 22829], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:131 [ref. 24545], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:137 [ref. 24550], Nelson et al. 2004:66 [ref. 27807], McMahan et al. 2013:443 [ref. 32422], Page et al. 2013:66 [ref. 32708], Romero-Berny et al. 2018:88 [ref. 35859], Angulo et al. 2023:17 [ref. 40676], Page et al. 2023:59 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Anchoa mundeola (Gilbert & Pierson 1898). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: southern Gulf of California (Mexico) south to Colombia. Habitat: brackish, marine.

naso, Stolephorus Gilbert [C. H.] & Pierson [C. J.] in Jordan & Evermann 1898:2813 [Bulletin of the United States National Museum No. 47; ref. 2445] Panama Bay, (Pacific) Panama. Lectotype: CAS-SU 5816 (44 mm). Paralectotypes: CAS-SU 5816 (9). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:12 [ref. 12291]. Lectotype selected by Nelson 1986:894 [ref. 5735]. •Synonym of Anchoa nasus (Kner & Steindachner 1867), but a valid subspecies -- (Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:187 [ref. 24555]). •Synonym of Anchoa nasus (Kner & Steindachner 1867) -- (Whitehead et al. 1988:366 [ref. 5725], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:134 [ref. 24550] as naso). Current status: Synonym of Anchoa nasus (Kner & Steindachner 1867). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

nasus, Engraulis Kner [R.] & Steindachner [F.] 1867:388 [33], Pl. 2 (fig. 17) [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 54 (pt 3); ref. 2640] Chincha Islands, Peru. Holotype: NMW 2837. Type information: Whitehead 1970:34 [ref. 11605]. On p. 33 of separate. •Valid as Anchoa nasus (Kner & Steindachner 1867) -- (Whitehead et al. 1988:366 [ref. 5725], Bussing & López S. 1994:52 [ref. 23101], Whitehead & Rodriguez-Sánchez in Fischer et al. 1995:1077 [ref. 22829], Pequeño 1989:28 [ref. 14125], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:131 [ref. 24545], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:194 [ref. 24023], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:187 [ref. 24555], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:134 [ref. 24550] as naso, Nelson et al. 2004:66 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:25 [ref. 37547], Page et al. 2013:66 [ref. 32708], Barriga Salazar 2014:104 [ref. 35745], González-Murcia et al. 2019:289 [ref. 36544], Love et al. 2021:42 [ref. 39279], Angulo et al. 2023:17 [ref. 40676], Page et al. 2023:59 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Anchoa nasus (Kner & Steindachner 1867). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Pacific coast of Baja California Sur (Mexico) south to Peru, including Gulf of California (Mexico). Habitat: brackish, marine.

nasuta, Anchoa Hildebrand [S. F.] & Carvalho [J. de P.] 1948:288, Fig. 1 [Copeia 1948 (no. 4); ref. 13058] São Sebastien, São Sebastien Island, Brazil. Holotype: USNM 143903. Paratypes: USNM 143904 (4 + 1 lost), 103905 (1). Type catalog: Menezes 1974:216 [ref. 20795]. •Valid as Anchoa nasuta Hildebrand & Carvalho 1948 -- (Nelson 1986:895 [ref. 5735]). •Synonym of Anchoa lyolepis (Evermann & Marsh 1900) -- (Whitehead et al. 1988:360 [ref. 5725], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:138 [ref. 24550], Nizinski & Munroe 2003:777 [ref. 26995]). Current status: Synonym of Anchoa lyolepis (Evermann & Marsh 1900). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Habitat: marine.

panamensis, Engraulis Steindachner [F.] 1876:589 [39] [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 72 (1. Abth.); ref. 18772] (Pacific) Panama. Lectotype: NMW 1970 (113.2 mm SL). Paralectotypes: NMW 1969 (2), 1970 (2 of 3), 1971-72 (2, 2). Type information and lectotype designation: Whitehead 1970:36 [ref. 11605]. •Valid as Anchoa panamensis (Steindachner 1876) -- (Nelson & Sonoda 1987:521 [ref. 12331], Whitehead et al. 1988:367 [ref. 5725], Bussing & López S. 1994:50 [ref. 23101], Whitehead & Rodriguez-Sánchez in Fischer et al. 1995:1086 [ref. 22829], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:186 [ref. 24555], Barriga Salazar 2014:104 [ref. 35745], Angulo et al. 2023:17 [ref. 40676]). Current status: Valid as Anchoa panamensis (Steindachner 1876). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: El Salvador south to northern Peru. Habitat: brackish, marine.

parri, Anchoviella Hildebrand [S. F.] 1943:131, Fig. 58 [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 8 (art. 2); ref. 13209] San Filepe Bay, Gulf of California, Mexico, depth 3 fathoms. Holotype: YPM 3852. Paratypes: (over 100) USNM 118998 (5). Type catalog: Moore & Boardman 1991:11 [ref. 16741]. •Possibly a synonym of Anchoa ischana (Jordan & Gilbert 1882) -- (Loeb 2015:143 [ref. 36196]). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Habitat: freshwater.

parva, Anchovia Meek [S. E.] & Hildebrand [S. F.] 1923:202, Pl. 10 (fig. 2) [Field Museum of Natural History, Publications, Zoölogical Series v. 15 (publ. 215); ref. 2963] Porto Bello, (Atlantic) Panama. Holotype: USNM 81767. Paratypes: FMNH 8235-37 (20, 1, 3); USNM 79554 (7), 117664 (1). Type catalog: Ibarra & Stewart 1987:8 [ref. 12367]. •Valid as Anchoa parva (Meek & Hildebrand 1923) -- (Whitehead et al. 1988:368 [ref. 5725], Cervigón 1991:108 [ref. 24472], Cervigón 1992:311 [ref. 23827], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:355 [ref. 23897], Aguilera 1998:46 [ref. 24221], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:132 [ref. 24550], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:144 [ref. 25013], Marín 2000:65 [ref. 26252], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:150 [ref. 27754], Menezes & Figueiredo in Menezes et al. 2003:39 [ref. 27192], Nizinski & Munroe 2003:779 [ref. 26995], Nelson et al. 2004:66 [ref. 27807], Miller 2006:89 [ref. 28615], Matamoros et al. 2009:8 [ref. 31241], Page et al. 2013:66 [ref. 32708], Spier et al. 2018:6 [ref. 36103], Angulo et al. 2023:17 [ref. 40676], Page et al. 2023:59 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Anchoa parva (Meek & Hildebrand 1923). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

pectoralis, Anchoa Hildebrand [S. F.] 1943:52, Fig. 18 [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 8 (art. 2); ref. 13209] Vigia, Pará State, Brazil. Holotype: MCZ 35276. Paratypes: MCZ 18004 (orig. 64 or 63), USNM 119009 [ex MCZ 18004] (5). •Valid as Anchoa pectoralis Hildebrand 1943 -- (Whitehead et al. 1988:369 [ref. 5725], Menezes & Figueiredo in Menezes et al. 2003:39 [ref. 27192], Caires et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:139 [ref. 38945], Carvalho-Filho 2023:67 [ref. 40480]). Current status: Valid as Anchoa pectoralis Hildebrand 1943. Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Distribution: Southwestern Atlantic: Pará south to São Paulo (Brazil). Habitat: brackish, marine.

perthecatus, Stolephorus Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.] 1882:434 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 5 (no. 297); ref. 1840] Pensacola, Florida, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): USNM 30483. •Synonym of Anchoa hepsetus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Whitehead et al. 1988:355 [ref. 5725]). Current status: Synonym of Anchoa hepsetus (Linnaeus 1758). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

peruanus, Engraulis Steindachner [F.] 1879:178 [60] [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 80 (nos 1-2); ref. 4229] Callao, Peru. Lectotype: NMW 1965 (1 of 4, 100 mm SL). Paralectotypes: NMW 1963-64 (2, 5), 1965 (3 of 4), 1966-67 (1, 2). Type information and lectotype designation: Whitehead 1970:36 [ref. 11605]. On p. 60 of separate. •Synonym of Anchoa nasus (Kner & Steindachner 1867) -- (Whitehead et al. 1988:366 [ref. 5725]). Current status: Synonym of Anchoa nasus (Kner & Steindachner 1867). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

piquitinga, Engraulis Spix [J. B. von] in Spix & Agassiz 1829:51, Pl. 23 (fig. 1) [Selecta genera et species piscium quos in itinere per Brasiliam; ref. 13] Published in the synonymy of Engraulis tricolor. Name available from the plate caption. •In the synonymy of Anchoa tricolor (Spix & Agassiz 1829) -- (Whitehead et al. 1988:373 [ref. 5725]). Current status: Synonym of Anchoa tricolor (Spix & Agassiz 1829). Engraulidae: Engraulinae.

platana, Anchovia Marini [T. L.] 1935:446 [Physis (Buenos Aires) v. 11; ref. 17600] Not available, mentioned in passing with no distinguishing features; from Argentina. •In the synonymy of Anchoa marinii Hildebrand 1943 -- (Whitehead et al. 1988:362 [ref. 5725]). Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Anchoa marinii Hildebrand 1943. Engraulidae: Engraulinae.

platyargyrea, Anchovia Fowler [H. W.] 1911:216, Fig. 4 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 63; ref. 1382] St. Martin Island, West Indies. Holotype: ANSP 1416 (missing). Paratypes: ANSP 1434-1503 (70) (originally ANSP 1417-1503). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:101 [ref. 13621]. •Synonym of Anchoa lyolepis (Evermann & Marsh 1900) -- (Whitehead et al. 1988:360 [ref. 5725], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:144 [ref. 25013]). Current status: Synonym of Anchoa lyolepis (Evermann & Marsh 1900). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Habitat: marine.

salvatoris, Anchoviella Fowler [H. W.] & Bean [B. A.] 1923:6 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 63 (no. 2488); ref. 1474] Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Holotype (unique): USNM 83165. •Synonym of Anchoa tricolor (Spix & Agassiz 1829) -- (Whitehead et al. 1988:373 [ref. 5725]). Current status: Synonym of Anchoa tricolor (Spix & Agassiz 1829). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

schultzi, Anchoa Hildebrand [S. F.] 1943:41, Fig. 12 [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 8 (art. 2); ref. 13209] Extreme northern end of the Gulf of California, near the mouth of the Colorado River. Holotype: USNM 119799. Paratypes: MCZ 31404 (3), USNM 15102 (4). •Synonym of Anchoa mundeoloides (Breder 1928) -- (Whitehead et al. 1988:365 [ref. 5725], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:128 [ref. 24550]). Current status: Synonym of Anchoa mundeoloides (Breder 1928). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Habitat: marine.

scofieldi, Stolephorus Jordan [D. S.] & Culver [G. B.] in Jordan 1895:410 [Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (Series 2) v. 5; ref. 2394] Astillero at Mazatlán, Sinaloa, western Mexico. Syntypes: BMNH 1895.5.27.286-288 (3), USNM 47495 (1), CAS-SU 2941 (10), ZMB 14052 [ex USNM] (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:13 [ref. 12291]. •Valid as Anchoa scofieldi (Jordan & Culver 1895) -- (Whitehead et al. 1988:370 [ref. 5725], Whitehead & Rodriguez-Sánchez in Fischer et al. 1995:1086 [ref. 22829], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:131 [ref. 24545], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:129 [ref. 24550], Nelson et al. 2004:66 [ref. 27807], Page et al. 2013:66 [ref. 32708], Galván-Villa et al. 2016:144 [ref. 34871], Love et al. 2021:42 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:59 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Anchoa scofieldi (Jordan & Culver 1895). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Pacific coast of southern Baja California Sur (Mexico) south to Ecuador. Habitat: marine.

spinifer, Engraulis Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1848:39 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 21; ref. 1013] Cayenne, French Guiana. Lectotype: MNHN 0000-3754. Paralectotypes: MNHN B-3098 [ex MNHN 0000-3754] (5). Type catalog: Bertin 1940:298-299 [ref. 293], Whitehead & Bauchot 1986:33 [ref. 9739]. Lectotype selected by Whitehead 1967:129 [ref. 6464]. •Valid as Anchoa spinifera (Valenciennes 1848) -- (Menezes & Figueiredo in Menezes et al. 2003:39 [ref. 27192], Di Dario et al. 2013:262 [ref. 37503]). •Valid as Anchoa spinifer (Valenciennes 1848) -- (Shimizu in Uyeno et al. 1983:96 [ref. 14275], Whitehead et al. 1988:371 [ref. 5725], Cervigón 1991:100 [ref. 24472], Cervigón 1992:312 [ref. 23827], Allen & Robertson 1994:62 [ref. 22193], Bussing & López S. 1994:50 [ref. 23101], Whitehead & Rodriguez-Sánchez in Fischer et al. 1995:1078 [ref. 22829], Planquette et al. 1996:64 [ref. 22818], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:183 [ref. 24555], Aguilera 1998:46 [ref. 24221], Camargo & Isaac 2001:140 [ref. 27639], Kullander & Ferraris in Reis et al. 2003:39 [ref. 27061], Nizinski & Munroe 2003:780 [ref. 26995], McMahan et al. 2013:443 [ref. 32422], Barriga Salazar 2014:104 [ref. 35745], Petry et al. 2016:300 [ref. 34966], Marceniuk et al. 2017:38 [ref. 35324], Spier et al. 2018:6 [ref. 36103], González-Murcia et al. 2019:289 [ref. 36544], Ribeiro et al. 2019:5 [ref. 36717], Caires et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:140 [ref. 38945], Carvalho-Filho 2023:67 [ref. 40480]). Current status: Valid as Anchoa spinifer (Valenciennes 1848). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Distribution: South and Central America: Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Panama, Suriname and Venezuela and eastern Pacific from Guatemala south to Ecuador and possibly Peru. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

starksi, Stolephorus Gilbert [C. H.] & Pierson [C. J.] in Jordan & Evermann 1898:2813 [Bulletin of the United States National Museum No. 47; ref. 2445] Panama. Lectotype: CAS-SU 5814 (44 mm). Paralectotypes: CAS-SU 5814 (109). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:13 [ref. 12291]. Lectotype selected by Nelson 1986:893 [ref. 5735]. •Valid as Anchoa starksi (Gilbert & Pierson 1898) -- (Nelson 1986:891 [ref. 5735], Whitehead et al. 1988:372 [ref. 5725], Bussing & López S. 1994:52 [ref. 23101], Whitehead & Rodriguez-Sánchez in Fischer et al. 1995:1086 [ref. 22829], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:131 [ref. 24545], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:186 [ref. 24555], McMahan et al. 2013:443 [ref. 32422], Romero-Berny et al. 2018:88 [ref. 35859], González-Murcia et al. 2019:290 [ref. 36544], Angulo et al. 2023:17 [ref. 40676], Page et al. 2023:59 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Anchoa starksi (Gilbert & Pierson 1898). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Baja California (Mexico) south to Ecuador and possibly Peru. Habitat: brackish, marine.

thrissoides, Engraulis Müller [J.] & Troschel [F. H.] 1849:639 [Reisen in Britisch-Guiana; ref. 3072] Cuyuni River, Guyana. Holotype (unique): ZMB 3836. •Synonym of Anchoa spinifer (Valenciennes 1848) -- (Whitehead et al. 1988:371 [ref. 5725], Kullander & Ferraris in Reis et al. 2003:39 [ref. 27061]). Current status: Synonym of Anchoa spinifer (Valenciennes 1848). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

tricolor, Engraulis Spix [J. B. von] & Agassiz [L.] 1829:51, Pl. 23 (fig. 1) [Selecta genera et species piscium quos in itinere per Brasiliam; ref. 13] Bahia (Brazil); mouth of Uruará canal to Amazon River, at Vira Sebo community, Canaã Village, Prainha City, 01°53’33''S, 53°29’17''W (Pará State, Brazil). Syntypes: MHNN 1142 (6). Type catalog: Kottelat 1984:146 [ref. 21784], Kottelat 1988:84 [ref. 13380]. As Engraulis piquitinga on plate. Comments on type locality see Koerber 2021:93 [ref. 38172]. •Valid as Anchoa tricolor (Spix & Agassiz 1829) -- (Whitehead et al. 1988:373 [ref. 5725], Aguilera 1998:46 [ref. 24221], Menezes & Figueiredo in Menezes et al. 2003:39 [ref. 27192] with author as Agassiz, Di Dario et al. 2013:262 [ref. 37503], Catelani et al. 2014:931 [ref. 37496], Petry et al. 2016:300 [ref. 34966], Nión et al. 2016:26 [ref. 35565] with author as Agassiz, Spier et al. 2018:6 [ref. 36103], Ribeiro et al. 2019:5 [ref. 36717], Koerber 2021:90, 93 [ref. 38172], Carvalho-Filho 2023:67 [ref. 40480]). Current status: Valid as Anchoa tricolor (Spix & Agassiz 1829). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Distribution: Southwestern Atlantic: Ceará (Brazil) south to Argentina. Habitat: brackish, marine.

trinitatis, Anchovia Fowler [H. W.] 1915:527, Fig. 3 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 67; ref. 14998] Port of Spain, Trinidad Island, West Indies. Holotype (unique): ANSP 45083. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:101 [ref. 13621]. •Valid as Anchoa trinitatis (Fowler 1915) -- (Whitehead et al. 1988:374 [ref. 5725], Cervigón 1991:103 [ref. 24472], Cervigón 1992:312 [ref. 23827], Aguilera 1998:46 [ref. 24221], Marín 2000:65 [ref. 26252], Nizinski & Munroe 2003:781 [ref. 26995]). Current status: Valid as Anchoa trinitatis (Fowler 1915). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: brackish, marine.

tropica, Anchoa Hildebrand [S. F.] 1943:80, Fig. 33 [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 8 (art. 2); ref. 13209] Cupica Island, Colombia. Holotype: USNM 119013 [ex 101630]. Paratypes: USNM 79587-88 (5, 27), 101630 (42), 119014 (2). •Synonym of Anchoa exigua (Jordan & Gilbert 1882) -- (Whitehead et al. 1988:351 [ref. 5725]). Current status: Synonym of Anchoa exigua (Jordan & Gilbert 1882). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Habitat: marine.

ubatubae, Anchoa Hildebrand [S. F.] & Carvalho [J. de P.] 1948:290, Fig. 2 [Copeia 1948 (no. 4); ref. 13058] Ubatuba, northern part of São Paulo State, Brazil. Holotype: USNM 143908. Paratypes: MCZ 37258 [ex USNM] (1), USNM 104909 (1). Type catalog: Menezes 1974:216 [ref. 20795]. •Synonym of Anchoa pectoralis Hidebrand 1943 -- (Whitehead et al. 1988:369 [ref. 5725]). Current status: Synonym of Anchoa pectoralis Hildebrand 1943. Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

vittata, Clupea Mitchill [S. L.] 1815:456 [Transactions of the Literary and Philosophical Society of New-York v. 1 (art. 5) (for 1814); ref. 13292] New York, U.S.A. No types known. •Synonym of Anchoa hepsetus (Linnaeus 1758) or Clupea harengus Linnaeus 1758 -- (Smith 1986:395, 398 [ref. 22186]). Current status: Synonym of Anchoa. Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Habitat: freshwater.

walkeri, Anchoa Baldwin [W. J.] & Chang [N. H. C.] 1970:140, Figs. 1, 2A [Pacific Science v. 24 (no. 1); ref. 7716] San Blas, Nayarit, Mexico. Holotype: USNM 204046. Paratypes: SIO 15-662 (285) (ex UCLA W58-16, orig. 305); USNM 204047 (20). Other paratypes at UCLA, some may now be at LACM. •Valid as Anchoa walkeri Baldwin & Chang 1970 -- (Nelson & Sonoda 1987:521 [ref. 12331], Whitehead et al. 1988:376 [ref. 5725], Bussing & López S. 1994:50 [ref. 23101], Whitehead & Rodriguez-Sánchez in Fischer et al. 1995:1079 [ref. 22829], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:131 [ref. 24545], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:137 [ref. 24550], Nelson et al. 2004:66 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:25 [ref. 37547], Miller 2006:89 [ref. 28615], McMahan et al. 2013:443 [ref. 32422], Page et al. 2013:66 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:59 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Anchoa walkeri Baldwin & Chang 1970. Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: southern tip of Baja California Sur (Mexico) south to Ecuador, including Gulf of California (Mexico). Habitat: brackish, marine.