Please look in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes for authorships of sections, Families of Fishes (all), and related information.

Species in the genus Scophthalmus: [ 22 ] records

aculeatus, Rhombus Gottsche [C. M.] 1835:172 [Archiv für Naturgeschichte v. 2 (pt 2, no. 2); ref. 1862] No types known. •Synonym of Psetta maxima (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Nielsen 1973:618 [ref. 6885]). •Synonym of Scophthalmus maximus (Linnaeus 1758). Current status: Synonym of Scophthalmus maximus (Linnaeus 1758). Scophthalmidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

aquosus, Pleuronectes Mitchill [S. L.] 1815:389, Pl. 2 (fig. 3) [Transactions of the Literary and Philosophical Society of New-York v. 1 (art. 5) (for 1814); ref. 13292] New York, U.S.A. No types known. •Valid as Scopthalmus [sic] aquosus (Mitchill 1815) -- (Robins & Ray 1986:294 [ref. 23100], Klein-MacPhee in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:548 [ref. 26158]). •Valid as Scophthalmus aquosus (Mitchill 1815) -- (Gutherz 1967:45 [ref. 23862], Smith 1986:455 [ref. 22186], Scott & Scott 1988:539 [ref. 25518], McAllister 1990:220 [ref. 14674], Evseenko 1996:726 [ref. 24666], Murdy et al. 1997:274 [ref. 23144], Evseenko 1998:57 [ref. 23643], Munroe 2003:1896 [ref. 27118], Chanet 2003:280 [ref. 27526], Nelson et al. 2004:179 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:831 [ref. 28815], Bailly & Chanet 2010:260 [ref. 31030], Voronina 2010:695 [ref. 31094], Page et al. 2013:184 [ref. 32708]). Current status: Valid as Scophthalmus aquosus (Mitchill 1815). Scophthalmidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

barbatus, Rhombus Risso [A.] 1827:251 [Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l'Europe méridionale v. 3; ref. 3757] Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. Type catalog: Desoutter et al. 2001:337 [ref. 25922] as type not at MNHN. •Synonym of Scophthalmus rhombus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Nielsen 1973:616 [ref. 6885], Desoutter et al. 2001:337 [ref. 25922], Evseenko 2003:S58 [ref. 28535], Bailly & Chanet 2010:260 [ref. 31030] by inference). Current status: Synonym of Scophthalmus rhombus (Linnaeus 1758). Scophthalmidae. Habitat: marine.

cristatus, Pleuronectes Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.] (ex Lichtenstein) 1801:153 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] European Ocean. Holotype (unique): ? ZMB 2391. Type catalog: Paepke 1999:130-131 [ref. 24282]. •Synonym of Scophthalmus rhombus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Nielsen 1973:616 [ref. 6885], Evseenko 2003:S58 [ref. 28535], Bailly & Chanet 2010:260 [ref. 31030] by inference). Current status: Synonym of Scophthalmus rhombus (Linnaeus 1758). Scophthalmidae. Habitat: marine.

cyclops, Pleuronectes Donovan [E.] 1806:5 unnum. pp., Pl. 90 [The natural history of British fishes, including scientific and general descriptions of the most interesting species, and an extensive selection of accurately finished coloured plates.; ref. 17408] Wales, England. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Psetta maxima (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Nielsen 1973:618 [ref. 6885], Evseenko 2003:S58 [ref. 28535]). •Synonym of Scophthalmus maximus (Linnaeus 1758). Current status: Synonym of Scophthalmus maximus (Linnaeus 1758). Scophthalmidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

laevis, Pleuronectes Turton [W.] 1800:764 [A general system of nature v. 1; ref. 17934] Europe. No types known. •Synonym of Scophthalmus rhombus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Parin et al. 2014:524 [ref. 33547], Munroe & Chanet in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2969 [ref. 34618]). Current status: Synonym of Scophthalmus rhombus (Linnaeus 1758). Scophthalmidae. Habitat: marine.

linnei, Rhombus Malm [A. W.] 1877:111, 513 [ ref. 2881] Original as Linnéi. Tentatively regarded as an unneeded replacement name for Pleuronectes rhombus Linnaeus 1758 (to avoid "Strickland tautonomy"). Locality Sweden. •Synonym of Scophthalmus rhombus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Nielsen 1973:616 [ref. 6885]). Replacement Name. Current status: Synonym of Scophthalmus rhombus (Linnaeus 1758). Scophthalmidae. Habitat: marine.

lioderma, Pleuronectes Nardo [G. D.] 1827:32, 39 (no. 132) [Giornale di fisica, chimica e storia naturale, medicina, ed arti. (series 2) Dec. II, v. 10; ref. 3146] Adriatic Sea (Mediterranean Sea). No types known. Also in Nardo 1827:col. 481 and 487 [ref. 19740]. •Synonym of Scophthalmus rhombus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Nielsen 1973:616 [ref. 6885], Evseenko 2003:S58 [ref. 28535]). Current status: Synonym of Scophthalmus rhombus (Linnaeus 1758). Scophthalmidae. Habitat: marine.

maculatus, Pleuronectes Mitchill [S. L.] 1814:9 [Report, in part, of Samuel L. Mitchill; ref. 3030] New York, U.S.A. No types known. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Pleuronectes maculatus Bloch & Schneider 1801. •Synonym of Scophthalmus aquosus (Mitchill 1815). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Scophthalmus aquosus (Mitchill 1815). Scophthalmidae. Habitat: marine.

maeoticus, Pleuronectes Pallas [P. S.] 1814:419 [Zoographia Rosso-Asiatica v. 3; ref. 3351] Black Sea. No types known. Type catalog: Desoutter et al. 2001:354 [ref. 25922], Voronina & Volkova 2019:281 [ref. 37075] (no types at ZIN). See Coad 1995:32 [ref. 23608]. •Synonym of Psetta maxima (Linnaeus 1758), but a valid subspecies -- (Nielsen in Whitehead et al. 1986:1291 [ref. 13677], Vassilev & Pehlivanov 2005:185 [ref. 28369]). •Synonym of Psetta maxima (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:148 [ref. 26753]). •Synonym of Scophthalmus maximus Linnaeus 1758 -- (Chanet 2003:277 [ref. 27526], Bailly & Chanet 2010:260 [ref. 31030]). •Valid as Psetta maeotica (Pallas 1814) -- (Nielsen 1973:618 [ref. 6885], Evseenko 1996:726 [ref. 24666], Evseenko 2003:S57 [ref. 28535], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:240 [ref. 28183], Fricke et al. 2007:113 [ref. 29533]). •Valid as Scophthalmus maeoticus (Pallas 1814) -- (Michajlova 1989:26 [ref. 20062], Evseenko 1998:57 [ref. 23643], Vasil'eva 2007:187 [ref. 30517], Ninua & Japoshvili 2008:173 [ref. 31251], Parin et al. 2014:522 [ref. 33547], Çiçek et al. 2015:152 [ref. 35151], Artüz & Fricke 2019:560 [ref. 36612], Abliazov et al. 2021:12 [ref. 38576], Niță et al. 2022:121 [ref. 40471]). Current status: Valid as Scophthalmus maeoticus (Pallas 1814). Scophthalmidae. Distribution: Black Sea endemic. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

maximus, Pleuronectes Linnaeus [C.] 1758:271 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] European Ocean. Syntypes: BMNH 1853.11.12.135 [Gronovius coll.] (1, skin). Type catalog: Wheeler 1958:242 [ref. 13434], Wheeler 1985:70 [ref. 20705]. •Valid as Psetta maxima (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Nielsen 1973:618 [ref. 6885], Nielsen in Whitehead et al. 1986:1290 [ref. 13677], Coad 1995:32 [ref. 23608], Evseenko 1996:726 [ref. 24666], Coad 1996:86 [ref. 25304], Evseenko 1998:57 [ref. 23643], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:148 [ref. 26753], Evseenko 2003:S58 [ref. 28535], Fricke 2007:29 [ref. 30577], Fricke et al. 2007:113 [ref. 29533], Fricke 2008:57 [ref. 30182], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:72 [ref. 36649]). •Valid as Scophthalmus maximus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Chanet 2003:280 [ref. 27526], Bailly & Chanet 2010:257 [ref. 31030], Voronina 2010:695 [ref. 31094], Parin et al. 2014:523 [ref. 33547], Munroe & Chanet in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2967 [ref. 34618], Martins & Carneiro 2018:73 [ref. 36550], Artüz & Fricke 2019:560 [ref. 36612], Carneiro et al. 2019:187 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:101 [ref. 36864], Bariche & Fricke 2020:101 [ref. 37515], Kovačić et al. 2020:28 [ref. 37519], Bañón & Maño 2021:95 [ref. 38887], Kovačić et al. 2021:49 [ref. 39014], González et al. 2023:[3] 77 [ref. 40806]). Current status: Valid as Scophthalmus maximus (Linnaeus 1758). Scophthalmidae. Distribution: Baltic Sea; North Sea; Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; northeastern Atlantic: Norway south to Western Sahara, including Madeira (Portugal) and Canary Islands (Spain). Habitat: brackish, marine.

papillosus, Pleuronectes Güldenstädt [J. A. von] in Pallas 1814:419 [Zoographia Rosso-Asiatica v. 3; ref. 3351] Abrif, about 17 kilometers south-southwest of Taganrog, Rostov Oblast, Russia, Sea of Azov. Not available, name in the synonymy of Pleronectes maeoticus Pallas 1814. Based on Pleuronectes sp., vernacular name Polurybiza, of Güldenstädt 1791:86 [ref. 18175]. Also described in Pallas 1831:419 [ref. 30187]. •In the synonymy of Scophthalmus maeoticus(Pallas 1814). Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Scophthalmus maeoticus (Pallas 1814). Scophthalmidae.

pavonina, Platessa Costa [O. G.] 1847:Pleuronettidae p. 5, Pl. 39 (fig. 2) [Fauna del regno di Napoli Part 1; ref. 976] Near Posilipo, Italy, western Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Published Feb 1847. •Synonym of Scophthalmus rhombus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Evseenko pers. comm. June 2003). Current status: Synonym of Scophthalmus rhombus (Linnaeus 1758). Scophthalmidae. Habitat: marine.

ponticus, Scophthalmus Ninni [E.] 1932:83 [Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France v. 57 (no. 1); ref. 16385] Black Sea; Italy, Mediterranean Sea. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Psetta maeotica (Pallas 1814) -- (Nielsen 1973:619 [ref. 6885]). •Synonym of Psetta maxima (Linnaeus 1758), subspecies maeotica (Pallas 1814) -- (Nielsen in Whitehead et al. 1986:1291 [ref. 13677], Evseenko 2003:S57 [ref. 28535]). •Synonym of Psetta maxima (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:148 [ref. 26753]). •Synonym of Scophthalmus maeoticus (Pallas 1814) -- (Parin et al. 2014:523 [ref. 33547]). Current status: Synonym of Scophthalmus maeoticus (Pallas 1814). Scophthalmidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

psetta, Pleuronectes Forsskål [P. S.] in Niebuhr 1775:xix [Descriptiones animalium (Forsskål); ref. 1351] Malta Not available, name only. Authorship according to Fricke 2008:57 [ref. 30182]. •Synonym of Psetta maxima (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Fricke 2008:57 [ref. 30182]). •Synonym of Scophthalmus maximus (Linnaeus 1758). Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Scophthalmus maximus (Linnaeus 1758). Scophthalmidae.

rhombitis, Rhombus Rathke [H.] 1836:60 [351] [Mémoires présentés à l'Académie impériale des sciences de St.-Pétersbourg par divers savaus et lus dans ses assemblées. Mémoires des savaus étrangers v. 3; ref. 18611] From market in Kerch, Crimea. No types known. •Synonym of Psetta maeotica (Pallas 1814) -- (Evseenko 2003:S57 [ref. 28535]). •Synonym of Scophthalmus maeoticus (Pallis 1814) -- (Parin et al. 2014:522 [ref. 33547] as rhombitus). Current status: Synonym of Scophthalmus maeoticus (Pallas 1814). Scophthalmidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

rhombus, Pleuronectes Linnaeus [C.] 1758:271 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] European Ocean. Syntypes: (possible syntypes) LS 43 (left half-skin plus parts), ?NRM 21 (1). Type catalog: Fernholm & Wheeler 1983:272 [ref. 20707], Wheeler 1985:70-71 [ref. 20705]. •Valid as Scophthalmus rhombus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Nielsen 1973:616 [ref. 6885], Nielsen in Whitehead et al. 1986:1291 [ref. 13677], Evseenko 1996:726 [ref. 24666], Evseenko 1998:57 [ref. 23643], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:148 [ref. 26753], Chanet 2003:280 [ref. 27526], Evseenko 2003:S58 [ref. 28535], Fricke 2007:29 [ref. 30577], Fricke et al. 2007:113 [ref. 29533], Vasil'eva 2007:188 [ref. 30517], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:72 [ref. 36649], Voronina 2010:702 [ref. 31094], Parin et al. 2014:524 [ref. 33547], Munroe & Chanet in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2969 [ref. 34618], Martins & Carneiro 2018:71 [ref. 36550], Artüz & Fricke 2019:560 [ref. 36612], Carneiro et al. 2019:188 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:101 [ref. 36864], Kovačić et al. 2020:28 [ref. 37519], Bañón & Maño 2021:95 [ref. 38887], Kovačić et al. 2021:49 [ref. 39014]). Current status: Valid as Scophthalmus rhombus (Linnaeus 1758). Scophthalmidae. Distribution: Western Baltic Sea; North Sea; Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; Black Sea; northeastern Atlantic: Iceland and Norway south to Western Sahara. Habitat: marine.

stellosus, Rhombus Bennett [E. T.] 1835:92 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1835 (pt 3); ref. 16793] Erzeroum [Erzurum], Turkey. Holotype (?): BMNH 1852.9.13.147 [ex Zool. Soc.]. •Synonym of Psetta maeotica (Pallas 1814) -- (Nielsen 1973:618 [ref. 6885], Evseenko 2003:S57 [ref. 2853]). •Synonym of Scophthalmus maeoticus (Pallas 1814). Current status: Synonym of Scophthalmus maeoticus (Pallas 1814). Scophthalmidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

torosus, Rhombus Rathke [H.] 1836:59 [349] [Mémoires présentés à l'Académie impériale des sciences de St.-Pétersbourg par divers savaus et lus dans ses assemblées. Mémoires des savaus étrangers v. 3; ref. 18611] Sea of Asow. No types known. •Synonym of Scophthalmus maeoticus (Pallas 1814) -- (Evseenko 2003:S57 [ref. 28535], Parin et al. 2014:522 [ref. 33547]). Current status: Synonym of Scophthalmus maeoticus (Pallas 1814). Scophthalmidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

tuberculatus, Pleuronectes Shaw [G.] 1803:312, Pl. 45, bottom [General zoology or systematic natural history v. 4; ref. 4014] Mediterranean Sea, [northern seas] North Sea. No types known. Based mostly on Pleuronectes maximus Linnaeus 1758; other references cited. •Synonym of Psetta maxima (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Evseenko 2003:S58 [ref. 28535]). •Synonym of Scophthalmus maximus (Linneus 1758). Current status: Synonym of Scophthalmus maximus (Linnaeus 1758). Scophthalmidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

turbot, Pleuronectes Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1802:597, 645 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 4; ref. 4929] North, Baltic, and Mediterranean seas. No types known. Type catalog: Desoutter et al. 2001:337 [ref. 25922]. •Synonym of Psetta maxima (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Nielsen 1973:618 [ref. 6885], Evseenko 2003:S58 [ref. 28535]). •Synonym of Scophthalmus maximus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Desoutter et al. 2001:337 [ref. 25922]). Current status: Synonym of Scophthalmus maximus (Linnaeus 1758). Scophthalmidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

vulgaris, Rhombus Cuvier [G.] in Krøyer 1846:405, fig. No types known. Krøyer cites Yarr[ell] as author of name; Yarrell cites Cuvier, Regne An. t. ii, p. 341. Cuvier not yet examined. •Synonym of Scophthalmus rhombus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Nielsen 1973:616 [ref. 6885], Evseenko 2003:S58 [ref. 28535]). Current status: Synonym of Scophthalmus rhombus (Linnaeus 1758). Scophthalmidae. Habitat: marine.