Please look in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes for authorships of sections, Families of Fishes (all), and related information.

Species in the genus Synodontis: [ 185 ] records

abditus, Synodontis De Weirdt [D.], Huyghe [C. E. T.] & Vreven [E. J.] 2021:72, Figs. 1, 3 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 31 (no. 1) IEF-1170; ref. 38741] Loa Loa rapids, Ivindo River, Ogooué River basin, Gabon, 0°31'N, 12°49'E. Holotype: MRAC 1998-29-P-3488. Paratypes: BMNH, MNHN, MRAC. Plus additional non-type material. •Valid as Synodontis abditus De Weirdt, Huyghe & Vreven 2021. Current status: Valid as Synodontis abditus De Weirdt, Huyghe & Vreven 2021. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Western-central Africa: Ogooué River basin, Gabon. Habitat: freshwater.

acanthomias, Synodontis Boulenger [G. A.] 1899:46, Pl. 23 [Annales du Musee du Congo (Ser. Zoologie) v. 1 (fasc. 3); ref. 548] Boma, Democratic Republic of Congo. Lectotype: MRAC 18. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1899.2.20.23 (1), MRAC 156 (1). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:311 [ref. 29155]. Lectotype selected by Poll 1971:282 [ref. 7700]. •Valid as Synodontis acanthomias Boulenger 1899 -- (Poll 1971:282 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:118 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:195 [ref. 12860], Ferraris 2007:311 [ref. 29155], Munene et al. 2021:24 [ref. 39283]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis acanthomias Boulenger 1899. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Central Africa: Congo River basin (Democratic Republic of Congo). Habitat: freshwater.

acanthoperca, Synodontis Friel [J. P.] & Vigliotta [T. R.] 2006:47, Figs. 1-3 [Zootaxa No. 1125; ref. 28580] Ogôoué River at and below the rapids of Massoukou (Masuku), 1°39'30"S, 13°32'14"E, Haut-Ogôoué Province, Gabon. Holotype: CUMV 89005. Paratypes: AMNH 236128 (4); CUMV 80105 (8), 89006 (2); MRAC A4-13-P-1 (1); SAIAB 74202 (1). •Valid as Synodontis acanthoperca Friel & Vigliotta 2006 -- (Ferraris 2007:441 [ref. 29155], Fermon et al. 2007:733 [ref. 30032], De Weirdt et al. 2008:122 [ref. 29869], Vreven & Milondo 2009:100 [ref. 30416], Vreven & Ibala Zamba 2011:359 [ref. 31194], Fermon et al. 2022:158 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis acanthoperca Friel & Vigliotta 2006. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Western-central Africa: Upper Ogôoué and Ngounié River basins (Gabon) endemic. Habitat: freshwater.

afrofischeri, Synodontis Hilgendorf [F. M.] 1888:77 [Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin 1888; ref. 2168] Lake Ukerewe, Victoria Nyanaza [Kagehi or Kageyi, east of Kayenze, southern shore of Lake Victoria, Mwanza district, Tanzania, 2°23'S, 33°06'E]. Holotype (unique): ZMB 12745. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:311 [ref. 29155], Seegers 2008:179 [ref. 29830] with more detailed locality information. Originally as Afro-fischeri; often misspelled afrofisheri. •Valid as Synodontis afrofischeri Hilgendorf 1888 -- (Poll 1971:83 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:119 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:195 [ref. 12860], Seegers 1996:236 [ref. 23725], De Vos & Thys van den Audenaerde 1998:149 [ref. 24905], De Vos et al. 2001:131 [ref. 26059], Seegers et al. 2003:39 [ref. 28087], Ferraris 2007:311 [ref. 29155], Seegers 2008:179 [ref. 29830], Akoth et al. 2023:13 [ref. 40069]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis afrofischeri Hilgendorf 1888. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Central and northern Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

alberti, Synodontis Schilthuis [L.] 1891:88 [Tijdschrift der Nederlandsche Dierkundige Vereeniging, Ser. 2 v. 3; ref. 3925] Kinshasa, Stanley Pool, upper Congo River, near Brazzaville, Democratic Republic of Congo. Lectotype: BMNH 1899.9.6.9. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1891.12.29.12 (1). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:311 [ref. 29155]. Lectotype selected by Poll 1971:252 [ref. 7700]. •Valid as Synodontis alberti Schilthuis 1891 -- (Poll 1971:252 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:119 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:195 [ref. 12860], Ferraris 2007:311 [ref. 29155], Munene et al. 2021:24 [ref. 39283]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis alberti Schilthuis 1891. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Central Africa: Congo River basin (Democratic Republic of Congo). Habitat: freshwater.

albolineatus, Synodontis Pellegrin [J.] 1924:320, Fig. 1 [Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France v. 49 (no. 3/5); ref. 15464] Djoua River at Madjingo, Gabon. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1924-0147. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1950:51 [ref. 19575], Ferraris 2007:311 [ref. 29155]. Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Valid as Synodontis albolineatus Pellegrin 1924 -- (Poll 1971:152 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:120 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:195 [ref. 12860], Friel & Vigliotta 2006:46 [ref. 28580]). •Valid as Synodontis albolineata Pellegrin 1924 -- (Ferraris 2007:311 [ref. 29155], Friel & Sullivan 2008:11 [ref. 29726], Fermon et al. 2007:733 [ref. 30032], De Weirdt et al. 2008:122 [ref. 29869], Vreven & Milondo 2009:100 [ref. 30416], Vreven & Ibala Zamba 2011:359 [ref. 31194], Fermon et al. 2022:158 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis albolineatus Pellegrin 1924. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Western-central Africa: Ntem and Ivindo River basins (Cameroon and Gabon). Habitat: freshwater.

angelica, Synodontis Schilthuis [L.] 1891:87 [Tijdschrift der Nederlandsche Dierkundige Vereeniging, Ser. 2 v. 3; ref. 3925] Kinshasa, Stanley Pool, upper Congo River near Brazzaville, Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1899.9.6.8. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:311 [ref. 29155]. Originally as Synodontis angelica, but the gender of the genus is masculine. •Valid as Synodontis angelica Schilthuis 1891 -- (Ferraris 2007:311 [ref. 29155]). •Valid as Synodontis angelicus Schilthuis 1891 -- (Poll 1971:238 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:120 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:195 [ref. 12860], Munene et al. 2021:24 [ref. 39283], Stiassny et al. 2021:1687 [ref. 39000], Fermon et al. 2022:159 [ref. 39448] with question). Current status: Valid as Synodontis angelicus Schilthuis 1891. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Central Africa: central and upper Congo River basin (Democratic Republic of Congo). Habitat: freshwater.

annectens, Synodontis Boulenger [G. A.] 1911:56 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 8) v. 8 (no. 43); ref. 14778] Nianimaru, Gambia. Lectotype: BMNH 1901.12.28.60. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1912.4.1.134-135 (1), 1912.4.1.136 (1), 1912.4.1.137 (1); NMW 44743 (1). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:312 [ref. 29155]. Lectotype selected by Poll 1971:131 [ref. 7700]. •Valid as Synodontis annectens Boulenger 1911 -- (Poll 1971:131 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:121 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:195 [ref. 12860], Lévêque et al. 1989:120 [ref. 26480], Paugy et al. 1990:340 [ref. 26477], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:531 [ref. 21590], De Vos 2001:48 [ref. 25362], Ferraris 2007:312 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis annectens Boulenger 1911. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Western Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

ansorgii, Synodontis Boulenger [G. A.] 1911:375 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 8) v. 7 (no. 40) (art. 41); ref. 12351] Bafata, Geva River [Giba], Guinea-Bissau. Lectotype: BMNH 1912.4.1.128. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1912.4.1.129-131 (4, now 3, no. 131 removed), 1912.4.1.133 (1); MRAC 7038 (1); NMW 44745-46 (1, 2); ZMB 18453 (5). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:312 [ref. 29155]. Lectotype selected by Poll 1971:135 [ref. 7700]. •Valid as Synodontis ansorgii Boulenger 1911 -- (Poll 1971:134 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:121 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:195 [ref. 12860], Lévêque et al. 1989:120 [ref. 26480], Paugy et al. 1990:340 [ref. 26477], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:549 [ref. 21590], Ferraris 2007:312 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis ansorgii Boulenger 1911. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Western Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

arabi, Synodontis Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1840:261 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 15; ref. 1008] Nile River, Egypt. Syntypes: MNHN 0000-4203 (1), 0000-4205 (2). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:321 [ref. 29155]. Unneeded new name for Silurus schall Bloch & Schneider 1801. •Synonym of Synodontis schall (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Poll 1971:48 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:145 [ref. 6194], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:561 [ref. 21590], Ferraris 2007:321 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Synodontis schall (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.

arnoulti, Synodontis Roman [B.] 1966:141, Pl. 7 (fig. 14) [Annales, Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Série in 8o, Sciences Zoologiques No. 150; ref. 9061] Kou River, tributary of the Black Volta River, 30 kilometers north of Bobo-Dioulasso, West Africa. Holotype: MRAC 141742. Paratypes: MRAC 141743-49 (7). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:312 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Synodontis arnoulti Roman 1966 -- (Poll 1971:201 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:121 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:195 [ref. 12860], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:559 [ref. 21590], Dankwa et al. 1999:38 [ref. 28023], Ferraris 2007:312 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis arnoulti Roman 1966. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Volta River basin, western Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

aterrimus, Synodontis Poll [M.] & Roberts [T. R.] 1968:297, Fig. [Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines v. 77 (nos 3-4); ref. 7909] Bokuma, Congo River basin, Africa. Holotype: MRAC 101466. Paratypes: MRAC 42920 (1), 98694A (1), 104711-713 (3), 119830-836 (7), 135448 (1), 135451 (1); CAS-SU 64867 (1). Type catalog: Derijst 1991:66 [ref. 21528], Ferraris 2007:312 [ref. 29155]. Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Valid as Synodontis aterrima Poll & Roberts 1968 -- (Ferraris 2007:312 [ref. 29155]). •Valid as Synodontis aterrimus Poll & Roberts 1968 -- (Poll 1971:424 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:121 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:195 [ref. 12860], Fermon et al. 2022:159 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis aterrimus Poll & Roberts 1968. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Central Africa: central Congo River basin (Democratic Republic of Congo); Gabon. Habitat: freshwater.

augierasi, Synodontis Pellegrin [J.] 1929:136, Fig. 1 [Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Série 2) v. 1 (no. 2); ref. 15938] Niger River at Koulikoro, Mali, western Africa. Syntypes: MNHN 1928-0243 to 0244 (1, 1). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1950:51 [ref. 19575], Ferraris 2007:314 [ref. 29155]. Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Synonym of Synodontis filamentosus Boulenger 1901 -- (Gosse 1986:127 [ref. 6194], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:544 [ref. 21590] as augeriasi). •Synonym of Synodontis filamentosa Boulenger 1901 -- (Ferraris 2007:314 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Synodontis filamentosus Boulenger 1901. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.

bastiani, Synodontis Daget [J.] 1948:35, Fig. 10 [Catalog. Inst. Franç. D'Afr. Noire No. 3; ref. 19832] Bouaffé, Ivory Coast. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1949-0055. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1950:52 [ref. 19575], Blanc 1961:271 [ref. 20870], Ferraris 2007:312 [ref. 29155] •Valid as Synodontis bastiani Daget 1948 -- (Poll 1971:167 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:121 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:195 [ref. 12860], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:545 [ref. 21590], Dankwa et al. 1999:38 [ref. 28023], Ferraris 2007:312 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis bastiani Daget 1948. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Ivory Coast, western Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

batensoda, Synodontis Rüppell [W. P. E. S.] 1832:6, Pl. 3 (fig. 2) [Fortsetzung der Beschreibung und Abbildung meherer neuer Fische; ref. 18643] Nile River, Egypt. Holotype (unique): SMF 2636 (dry). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:304 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Brachysynodontis batensoda (Rüppell 1832) -- (Poll 1971:38 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:106 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:195 [ref. 12860], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:528 [ref. 21590], Poll & Gosse 1995:201 [ref. 24781], Grant 2004:13 [ref. 28594], Ferraris 2007:304 [ref. 29155]). •Valid as Synodontis batensoda Rüppell 1832 -- (Willoughby 1994:26 [ref. 22047], Neumann et al. 2016:306 [ref. 35036]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis batensoda Rüppell 1832. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Northern and central Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

batesii, Synodontis Boulenger [G. A.] 1907:50 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 20 (no. 115) (art. 9); ref. 15135] Ja River at Bitye, southern Cameroon. Lectotype: BMNH 1907.5.22.179. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1907.5.22.180-186 (7), 1904.10.26.44-45 (2). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:312 [ref. 29155]. Lectotype selected by Poll 1971:331, fig. 150 [ref. 7700]. •Valid as Synodontis batesii Boulenger 1907 -- (Poll 1971:331 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:121 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:195 [ref. 12860], Friel & Vigliotta 2006:46 [ref. 28580], Ferraris 2007:312 [ref. 29155], Friel & Sullivan 2008:11 [ref. 29726], Fermon et al. 2007:735 [ref. 30032], De Weirdt et al. 2008:122 [ref. 29869], Vreven & Milondo 2009:100 [ref. 30416], Vreven & Ibala Zamba 2011:359 [ref. 31194], Fermon et al. 2022:159 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis batesii Boulenger 1907. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Western-central Africa: Cameroon south to Democratic Republic of Congo, including central Congo River basin. Habitat: freshwater.

binotata, Synodontis notatus var. Pellegrin [J.] 1926:205 [Revue de Zoologie Africaine v. 14 (no. 2); ref. 17939] Bolobo, Democratic Republic of Congo. Syntypes: MNHN 1926-0195 (1), MRAC 49686 (1). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1950:51 [ref. 19575], Ferraris 2007:318 [ref. 29155]. Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Synonym of Synodontis notatus Vaillant 1893 -- (Poll 1971:256 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:138 [ref. 6194]). •Synonym of Synodontis notata Vaillant 1893 -- (Ferraris 2007:318 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Synodontis notatus Vaillant 1893. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.

brichardi, Synodontis Poll [M.] 1959:100, Pl. 17 (figs. 2A-2C) [Annales du Musée du Congo Belge v. 71 (art. 3); ref. 3522] Rapids at Kinsuka, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype: MRAC 100494. Paratypes: (11) MRAC 103912-13 (2), 118541-43 (3), 118891-95 (5). Type catalog: Derijst 1991:66 [ref. 21528], Ferraris 2007:312 [ref. 29155] •Valid as Synodontis brichardi Poll 1959 -- (Poll 1971:417 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:122 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:195 [ref. 12860], Ferraris 2007:312 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis brichardi Poll 1959. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Lower Congo River basin, western central Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

budgetti, Synodontis Boulenger [G. A.] 1911:403, Fig. 305 [Catalogue of the fresh-water fishes of Africa v. 2; ref. 579] Lokoja, Upper Niger River, Nigeria. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1904.1.20.42. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:312 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Synodontis budgetti Boulenger 1911 -- (Poll 1971:137 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:122 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:195 [ref. 12860], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:534 [ref. 21590], Willoughby 1994:26 [ref. 22047], Friel & Vigliotta 2006:54 [ref. 28580], Ferraris 2007:312 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis budgetti Boulenger 1911. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: West-central Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

callarias, Silurus Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.] 1801:379 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] South America and Nile River. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:313 [ref. 29155]. An unneeded new name for Silurus clarias Linnaeus 1758. However, perhaps name should be regarded as misspelling of clarias Linnaeus, but the account of callarias includes the description of additional material. •Synonym of Synodontis clarias (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Poll 1971:44 [ref. 7700], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:533 [ref. 21590], Ferraris 2007:313 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Synodontis clarias (Linnaeus 1758). Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.

camelopardalis, Synodontis Poll [M.] 1971:430, Fig. 202; Pls. 7(4), 12(14) [Annales, Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Série in 8o, Sciences Zoologiques No. 191; ref. 7700] Eala, Ruki River, Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype (unique): MRAC 47654. Type catalog: Derijst 1991:67 [ref. 21528], Ferraris 2007:312 [ref. 29155] •Valid as Synodontis camelopardalis Poll 1971 -- (Gosse 1986:122 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:195 [ref. 12860], Ferraris 2007:312 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis camelopardalis Poll 1971. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Central Africa: central Congo River basin. Habitat: freshwater.

carineae, Synodontis Vreven [E. J.] & Ibala Zamba [A.] 2011:360, Figs. 1-2 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 21 (no. 4) [for Dec. 2010]; ref. 31194] Kouilou-Niari River basin, Pont du Niari, at bridge on road Dolisie-Nyanga, 3°33.314'S, 12°20.583'E, Republic of Congo. Holotype: MRAC A7-13-P-6. Paratypes: many at MRAC. •Valid as Synodontis carineae Vreven & Ibala Zamba 2011. Current status: Valid as Synodontis carineae Vreven & Ibala Zamba 2011. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Kouilou-Niari River basin, Republic of Congo. Habitat: freshwater.

caudalis, Synodontis Boulenger [G. A.] 1899:44, Pl. 22 (fig. 1) [Annales du Musee du Congo (Ser. Zoologie) v. 1 (fasc. 3); ref. 548] Boma, Matadi, Kinshasa [Leopoldville], Democratic Republic of Congo. Lectotype: MRAC 57. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1899.2.20.19-20 (2), MRAC 20 (1). Lectotype selected by Poll 1971:274 [ref. 7700]. •Valid as Synodontis caudalis Boulenger 1899 -- (Poll 1971:274 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:122 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:195 [ref. 12860]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis caudalis Boulenger 1899. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Central Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

caudovittatus, Synodontis Boulenger [G. A.] 1901:10 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 8 (no. 43) (art. 2); ref. 14748] Mouth of Lake No, White Nile River, Sudan. Lectotype: BMNH 1907.12.2.2360. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1907.12.2.2361 (1), 1907.12.2.2362 (1); MNHN 1907-0224 (1). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1950:50 [ref. 19575], Ferraris 2007:313 [ref. 29155]. Lectotype selected by Poll 1971:104 [ref. 7700]. Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Valid as Synodontis caudovittata Boulenger 1901 -- (Ferraris 2007:312 [ref. 29155]). •Valid as Synodontis caudovittatus Boulenger 1901 -- (Poll 1971:104 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:123 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:195 [ref. 12860], Neumann et al. 2016:306 [ref. 35036]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis caudovittatus Boulenger 1901. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Nile River basin, northern Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

centralis, Synodontis Poll [M.] 1971:435, Fig. 204; Pls. 7(7), 12(12) [Annales, Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Série in 8o, Sciences Zoologiques No. 191; ref. 7700] Ndwa village, Kunungu, Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype: MRAC 57198. Paratypes: MNHN 1926-0179 (1); MRAC 17519 (1), 22196 (1), 22181 (1), 22729 (1), 29450 (1), 30637 (1), 48778 (1), 57202 (1), 57206 (1), 78347-48 (2), 78355-57 (3). Type catalog: Derijst 1991:67 [ref. 21528], Ferraris 2007:313 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Synodontis centralis Poll 1971 -- (Gosse 1986:123 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:195 [ref. 12860], Ferraris 2007:313 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis centralis Poll 1971. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Congo River basin, central Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

citernii, Synodontis Vinciguerra [D.] 1898:247 [8] [Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova (Serie 2) v. 19 [vol. 39 in sequence]; ref. 4522] Lake Rudolf [Lake Turkana], Kenya. Holotype (unique): MSNG 14423 (dry, poor condition). Type catalog: Tortonese 1963:308 [ref. 10351], Ferraris 2007:314 [ref. 29155]. On p. 8 of separate. Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Synonym of Synodontis frontosus Vaillant 1895 -- (Poll 1971:87 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:127 [ref. 6194], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:553 [ref. 21590]). •Synonym of Synodontis frontosa Vaillant 1895 -- (Ferraris 2007:314 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Synodontis frontosus Vaillant 1895. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.

clarias, Pimelodus Geoffroy St. Hilaire [E.] 1809:[316], Pl. 13 (figs. 3-4) [Poissons du Nil v. 1 (part 1); ref. 4182] Nile River, Egypt. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000-4203 or 0000-4205. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1950:48 [ref. 19575] with syntypes, Ferraris 2007:320-321 [ref. 29155]. Appeared first in plate; technically the figured specimen is the holotype. As Synodontis clarias in Geoffroy St. Hilaire 1827:299 [ref. 4185]. The page number is from a different edition. •Same as Synodontis arabi Valenciennes 1840 -- (authors). •Synonym of Synodontis schall (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Poll 1971:48 [ref. 7700], Ferraris 2007:320 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Synodontis schall (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.

clarias, Silurus Linnaeus [C.] 1758:306 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] America [in error, actual Africa]. Lectotype: NRM 7044. Paralectotypes: NRM 73 (1). Type information and nomenclatural discussion: Fernholm & Wheeler 1983:220-221 [ref. 20707]. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:313 [ref. 29155]. Lectotype selected by Silfvergrip 1996 but the consequencies of this selection are discussed by Ferraris 2007:313 [ref. 29155]. See Schraml 2011:27 [ref. 31440]. Selected lectotype was probably not a syntype of S. clarias. •Valid as Synodontis clarias (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Poll 1971:44 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:117 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:195 [ref. 12860], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:533 [ref. 21590], Willoughby 1994:26 [ref. 22047], Dankwa et al. 1999:37 [ref. 28023], De Vos 2001:48 [ref. 25362], Ferraris 2007:313 [ref. 29155], Friel & Sullivan 2008:11 [ref. 29726], Fricke 2008:18 [ref. 30182]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis clarias (Linnaeus 1758). Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Widespread in Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

clarias, Silurus Bloch [M. E.] 1782:Pl. 35, 247 [M. Marcus Elieser Bloch's ..., ausübenden Arztes zu Berlin, Oeconomische Naturgeschichte der Fische Deutschlands v. 1; ref. 19643] Commonly used as the valid name for a South American species (e.g., Galvis et al. 1997:65 [ref. 23651]), but Bloch did not intend a name separate from Silurus clarias Linnaeus 1758, an African species; Bloch's figure is of the South American species. Mees (1974:134 [ref. 2969]) uses Pimelodus blochii for the South American Pimelodus clarias of authors. •Treated as valid -- (Gómez & Chebez 1996:59 [ref. 23791], López et al. 2002:63 [ref. 26808]). •Name belongs to an African species, misused for Pimelodus blochii Valenciennes 1840 -- (Villa-Navarro et al. 2017:354 [ref. 35495]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Synodontis clarias (Linnaeus 1758). Mochokidae. Habitat: freshwater.

colyeri, Synodontis Boulenger [G. A.] 1923:438 [Annals of the South African Museum v. 13 (pt 7, no. 13); ref. 15397] Mansa River, Zambia [northern Rhodesia]. Holotype (unique): SAM 14529 [now at AMG]. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:318 [ref. 29155]. Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Synonym of Synodontis nigromaculatus Boulenger 1905 -- (Poll 1971:325 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:137 [ref. 6194]). •Synonym of Synodontis nigromaculata Boulenger 1905 -- (Ferraris 2007:318 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Synodontis nigromaculatus Boulenger 1905. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.

comoensis, Synodontis Daget [J.] & Lévêque [C.] 1981:45, Figs. 1-5 [Cybium 3e série. Bulletin de la Société Française d'Ichtyologie v. 5 (no. 2); ref. 8617] Comoé River, National Park of Comoé, Ivory Coast, 8°39'N, 3°56'W. Holotype: MNHN 1980-1636. Paratypes: MNHN 1980-1637 (6), 1980-1638 (3), 1980-1639 (18), 1980-1640 (11), 1980-1641 (5), 1980-1642 (15), 1980-1643 (7). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:313 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Synodontis comoensis Daget & Lévêque 1981 -- (Gosse 1986:123 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:195 [ref. 12860] as camoensis, Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:550 [ref. 21590], Ferraris 2007:313 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis comoensis Daget & Lévêque 1981. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Western Africa: Comoé River basin, Ivory Coast, Eburneo ecoregion endemic. Habitat: freshwater.

congicus, Synodontis Poll [M.] 1971:440, Fig. 206; Pls. 7(6), 12(16) [Annales, Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Série in 8o, Sciences Zoologiques No. 191; ref. 7700] Gangala na Bodio, Dungu River, Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype: MRAC 165695. Paratypes: MRAC 36336 (1), 67424 (1), 68587 (1), 96370 (1), 117874 (1), 117876-878 (3), 123756 (1), 138176-177 (2), 165696-701 (6). Type catalog: Derijst 1991:67 [ref. 21528], Ferraris 2007:313 [ref. 29155] Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Valid as Synodontis congica Poll 1971 -- (Ferraris 2007:313 [ref. 29155]). •Valid as Synodontis congicus Poll 1971 -- (Gosse 1986:123 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:195 [ref. 12860], Kiselkewa et al. 2020:[9] 708 [ref. 38315], Munene et al. 2021:24 [ref. 39283]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis congicus Poll 1971. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Central Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

contractus, Synodontis Vinciguerra [D.] 1928:24 [20], Pl. 1 [Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale `Giacomo Doria' v. 53; ref. 15879] Rubi River at Buta, Democratic Republic of Congo. Lectotype: MSNG 26493 (62 mm SL). Paralectotypes: MSNG 26493 (1); MRAC 165756 (1). Type catalog: Tortonese 1963:308 [ref. 10351], Ferraris 2007:313 [ref. 29155]. On p. 20 of separate. Lectotype selected by Poll 1971:383 [ref. 7700]. Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Valid as Synodontis contractus Vinciguerra 1928 -- (Poll 1971:382 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:124 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:195 [ref. 12860]). •Valid as Synodontis contracta Vinciguerra 1928 -- (Ferraris 2007:313 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis contractus Vinciguerra 1928. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Congo River basin, central Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

courteti, Synodontis Pellegrin [J.] 1906:473 [Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Série 1) v. 12 (no. 7); ref. 15683] Fort Archambault [Sahr], Shari River, Chad. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1904-0083. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1950:50 [ref. 19575], Ferraris 2007:313 [ref. 29155]. •Probably/possibly a synonym of Synodontis xiphias Günther 1864 -- (Lévèque et al. 1991:144 [ref. 31367], Willoughby 1994:28 [ref. 22047]). •Valid as Synodontis courteti Pellegrin 1906 -- (Poll 1971:128 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:124 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:195 [ref. 12860], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:541 [ref. 21590], Willoughby 1994:27 [ref. 22047], Ferraris 2007:313 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis courteti Pellegrin 1906. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Chad and Niger basins, western and north-central Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

cuangoanus, Synodontis Poll [M.] 1971:446, Fig. 208; Pls.7(10), 12(17) [Annales, Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Série in 8o, Sciences Zoologiques No. 191; ref. 7700] Cuango, Cafunfo, Democratic Republic of Congo, 8°47'S, 18°01'E. Holotype: MRAC 172253. Paratypes: MD (109 + 8); MRAC 47431 (1), 66473 (1), 164320-39 (20), 164340-69 (30), 164370-28 (59), 164429-38 (10). Type catalog: Derijst 1991:67 [ref. 21528], Ferraris 2007:313 [ref. 29155]. Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Valid as Synodontis cuangoanus Poll 1971 -- (Gosse 1986:124 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:195 [ref. 12860]). •Valid as Synodontis cuangoana Poll 1971 -- (Ferraris 2007:313 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis cuangoanus Poll 1971. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Congo River basin, central and southwestern Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

dageti, Synodontis Poll [M.] & Roman [B.] 1967:185, Fig. 3 [Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines v. 75 (nos 1-2); ref. 7985] Comoe River, 68 kilometers south of Bolo-Dioulasso, Upper Volta. Holotype (unique): MRAC 141982. Type catalog: Derijst 1991:67 [ref. 21528], Ferraris 2007:312 [ref. 29155] •Synonym of Synodontis eburneensis Daget 1965 -- (Poll 1971:196 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:126 [ref. 6194]). •Synonym of Synodontis bastiani Daget 1948 -- (Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:545 [ref. 21590], Ferraris 2007:312 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Synodontis bastiani Daget 1948. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.

davidi, Synodontis Axelrod [H. R.] 1970:33, 2 Figs. [Tropical Fish Hobbyist v. 18 (no. 5); ref. 21200] Stanley Pool near Kinshasha, Congo. No types known. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:313 [ref. 29155]. No type stated. Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Synonym of Synodontis contractus Vinciguerra 1928 -- (Poll 1971:382 [ref. 7700]). •Synonym of Synodontis contracta Vinciguerra 1928 -- (Ferraris 2007:313 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Synodontis contractus Vinciguerra 1928. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.

decorus, Synodontis Boulenger [G. A.] 1899:49, Pl. 25 [Annales du Musee du Congo (Ser. Zoologie) v. 1 (fasc. 3); ref. 548] Nouvelle-Anvers, Democratic Republic of Congo. Lectotype: MRAC 154. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1899.2.20.30 (1); MRAC 105 (1), 109 (1). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:314 [ref. 29155]. Lectotype selected by Poll 1971:291 [ref. 7700]. Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Valid as Synodontis decorus Boulenger 1899 -- (Poll 1971:290 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:124 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:195 [ref. 12860], De Vos 2001:48 [ref. 25362], Ferraris 2007:314 [ref. 29155] as decora , Wright & Page 2008:297 [ref. 29628] as decora, Kullander & Roberts 2012:369 [ref. 31751] as decora, Stiassny et al. 2021:1687 [ref. 39000]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis decorus Boulenger 1899. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Western-central Africa: Congo River basin (Democratic Republic of Congo). Habitat: freshwater.

dekimpei, Synodontis Paugy [D.] 1987:357, Fig. 1 [Cybium v. 11 (no. 4); ref. 6738] Konkouré River, Soukya, Guinea. Holotype (unique): MRAC 81-20-P-11. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:314 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Synodontis dekimpei Paugy 1987 -- (Lévêque et al. 1989:120 [ref. 26480], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:527 [ref. 21590], Burgess & Finley 1996:165 [ref. 22901], Ferraris 2007:314 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis dekimpei Paugy 1987. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Konkouré River, Guinea, western Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

denticulatus, Synodontis Kasongo Ilunga [M.], Abwe [E.], Decru [E.], Manda [A. C.] & Vreven [E. J.] 2020:1148, Figs. 2a, 3a, 7 [Journal of Fish Biology v. 96 (no. 5); ref. 36894] Lufira River near confluence with Kafila River, Kienge village, upper Congo River, Congo Basin, Democratic Republic of Congo, 10°32'55.9"S, 27°28'43.2"E. Holotype: MRAC 2015-006-P-0261. Paratypes: AMNH, BMNH 2019.4.1.1-2 (2), MRAC, ZSM. Plus additional non-type material. •Valid as Synodontis denticulatus Kasongo Ilunga, Abwe, Decru, Manda & Vreven 2020 -- (Abwe et al. 2023:31 [ref. 39992]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis denticulatus Kasongo Ilunga, Abwe, Decru, Manda & Vreven 2020. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Southern-central Africa: uiddle Lufira River drainage, upper Congo River basin (Democratic Republic of Congo). Habitat: freshwater.

depauwi, Synodontis Boulenger [G. A.] 1899:45, Pl. 22 (fig. 2) [Annales du Musee du Congo (Ser. Zoologie) v. 1 (fasc. 3); ref. 548] Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo. Lectotype: MRAC 111. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1899.2.20.21-22 (2), MRAC 110 (1). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:314 [ref. 29155]. Lectotype selected by Poll 1971:278 [ref. 7700]. •Valid as Synodontis depauwi Boulenger 1899 -- (Poll 1971:278 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:125 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:195 [ref. 12860], Ferraris 2007:314 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis depauwi Boulenger 1899. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Congo River at Stanley Pool, central Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

dhonti, Synodontis Boulenger [G. A.] 1917:367 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 8) v. 20 (no. 119); ref. 15084] Kilewa Bay, Democratic Republic of Congo, Lake Tanganyika. Holotype (unique): MRAC 14344. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:314 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Synodontis dhonti Boulenger 1917 -- (Poll 1971:364 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:125 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:195 [ref. 12860], De Vos & Thys van den Audenaerde 1998:153 [ref. 24905], Schraml 2003:60 [ref. 27543], Schraml 2003:18 [ref. 27544], Wright & Page 2006:107 [ref. 28885], Ferraris 2007:314 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis dhonti Boulenger 1917. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Eastern Africa: Lake Tanganyika. Habitat: freshwater.

dorsomaculatus, Synodontis Poll [M.] 1971:449, Fig. 210; Pls. 7(8), 12(18) [Annales, Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Série in 8o, Sciences Zoologiques No. 191; ref. 7700] Kadia, Kisale, Katanga, Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype: MRAC 71395. Paratypes: IRSNB 703-704 (2, 2); MRAC 35049 (1), 69655-57 (3), 71396-99 (4), 71442 (1), 79-01-P-4700-4703 (4), 79-01-P-4704-4708 (5). Type catalog: Walschaerts 1987:16 [ref. 20755], Derijst 1991:67 [ref. 21528], Ferraris 2007:314 [ref. 29155]. Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Valid as Synodontis dorsomaculatus Poll 1971 -- (Gosse 1986:125 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:195 [ref. 12860]). •Valid as Synodontis dorsomaculata Poll 1971 -- (Ferraris 2007:314 [ref. 29155], Wright & Page 2008:297 [ref. 29628]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis dorsomaculatus Poll 1971. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Congo River basin, central Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

dschahensis, Synodontis nummifer var. Steindachner [F.] 1913:64, Pl. VII [Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse. v. 89; ref. 14987] Dja River, Moloundou District [East Region], southeastern Cameroon. ?NMW. Syntypes: two specimens mentioned. Appeared in the caption to Pl. 7 on p. 64; available as a subspecies; not mentioned in the text (pp. 40-41). Current abstracting organizations also misspell the name; correct date is 1913; the name did not appear in the abstract [ref. 18816]. Forwarded by E. Schraml, 10/8/2012. •Mentioned by Poll 1971:286 [ref. 7700] as a subspecies dshahensis [sic] and questionable a synonym of Synodontis nummifer Boulenger 1899. Current status: Synonym of Synodontis nummifer Boulenger 1899. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.

eburneensis, Synodontis Daget [J.] 1965:473 [Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Série 2) v. 36 (no. 4) (1964); ref. 9209] Bandama at a place called Lamto, midway between Toumodi and Tiassalé, Ivory Coast. Holotype: MNHN 1964-0266. Paratypes: MNHN 1960-0310 (1), 1964-0267 (1); LHUC uncat. (1); Sect. Pêche et Pisciculture Lag. Eaux Forêts, Abidjan (1). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:312 [ref. 29155]. Also in Daget & Iltis 1965:159, Fig. 97 [ref. 13626]. •Valid as Synodontis eburneensis Daget 1965 -- (Poll 1971:196 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:126 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:195 [ref. 12860] as eberneensis). •Synonym of Synodontis bastiani Daget 1948 -- (Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:545 [ref. 21590], Ferraris 2007:312 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Synodontis bastiani Daget 1948. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.

eupterus, Synodontis Boulenger [G. A.] 1901:11 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 8 (no. 43) (art. 2); ref. 14748] Mouth of Lake No, White Nile, Sudan. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1907.12.2.2376. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:314 [ref. 29155]. Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Valid as Synodontis euptera Boulenger 1901 -- (Ferraris 2007:314 [ref. 29155]). •Valid as Synodontis eupterus Boulenger 1901 -- (Poll 1971:110 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:126 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:195 [ref. 12860], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:546 [ref. 21590], Willoughby 1994:27 [ref. 22047], Dankwa et al. 1999:38 [ref. 28023], Grant 2003:15 [ref. 28593], Dulčić et al. 2018:303 [ref. 36517], Ćaleta et al. 2019:172 [ref. 37026], Chan et al. 2023:140 [ref. 40365]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis eupterus Boulenger 1901. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Northern Africa. Introduced elsewhere, e.g. in Croatia and Hong Kong (China). Habitat: freshwater.

eurystomus, Synodontis Matthes [M.] 1959:77 [Folia Scientifica Africae Centralis v. 5 (no. 4); ref. 6068] Lake Tanganyika. Holotype: MRAC 130440. Paratypes: MRAC 130441 (1), 442-443 (2), 444-446 (3), 447-451 (5), 452-453 (2), 462-463 (2), 464 (1). Additional material: MRAC 454-461 (8), 131009 (1), 130814 (1), 130825 (1). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:319 [ref. 29155]. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Synodontis eurystomus Pfeffer 1889, replaced by Synodontis polli Gosse 1982. •Valid as Synodontis eurystomus Matthes 1959 -- (Poll 1971:405 [ref. 7700]). •Synonym of Synodontis polli Gosse 1982 -- (Wright & Page 2006:134 [ref. 28885], Ferraris 2007:319 [ref. 29155]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Synodontis polli Gosse 1982. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.

fascipinna, Synodontis Nichols [J. T.] & LaMonte [F. R.] 1953:2, Fig. 2 [American Museum Novitates No. 1648; ref. 12710] Birao, eastern French Equatorial Africa. Holotype: AMNH 19841. Paratypes: AMNH 19679 (4). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:314 [ref. 29155]. •Doubtful species, could be a synonym of Synodontis nigrita Valenciennes 1840 -- (Poll 1971:57 [ref. 7700], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860]). •Valid as Synodontis fascipinna Nichols & LaMonte 1953 -- (Gosse 1986:126 [ref. 6194], Ferraris 2007:314 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis fascipinna Nichols & LaMonte 1953. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Chari River basin, western central Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

filamentosus, Synodontis Boulenger [G. A.] 1901:10 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 8 (no. 43) (art. 2); ref. 14748] Mouth of Lake No, White Nile, Sudan. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1907.12.2.2377. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:314 [ref. 29155]. Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Valid as Synodontis filamentosus Boulenger 1901 -- (Poll 1971:107 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:126 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:544 [ref. 21590], Willoughby 1994:27 [ref. 22047], Dankwa et al. 1999:38 [ref. 28023]). •Valid as Synodontis filamentosa Boulenger 1901 -- (Ferraris 2007:314 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis filamentosus Boulenger 1901. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Northern Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

flavitaeniatus, Synodontis Boulenger [G. A.] 1919:161 [Revue de Zoologie Africaine v. 7 (no. 2); ref. 15207] Eala, Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype (unique): MRAC 1369. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:314 [ref. 29155]. Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Valid as Synodontis flavitaeniatus Boulenger 1919 -- (Poll 1971:368 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:127 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860]). •Valid as Synodontis flavitaeniata Boulenger 1919 -- (Ferraris 2007:314 [ref. 29155], Stiassny et al. 2021:1687 [ref. 39000]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis flavitaeniatus Boulenger 1919. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Western-central Africa: Congo River basin (Democratic Republic of Congo). Habitat: freshwater.

frontosus, Synodontis Vaillant [L. L.] 1895:48 [Bulletin de la Société Philomathique de Paris (Sér. 8) v. 7 (no. 16) (for 8 June 1895); ref. 19844] White Nile River, Sudan. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000-4208. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1950:49 [ref. 19575], Ferraris 2007:314 [ref. 29155]. See also Vaillant 1896, Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris (3) v. 7, Pl. 8 (fig. 8). Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Valid as Synodontis frontosa Vaillant 1895 -- (Ferraris 2007:314 [ref. 29155]). •Valid as Synodontis frontosus Vaillant 1895 -- (Poll 1971:87 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:127 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860], Lévèque et al. 1991:143 [ref. 31367], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:553 [ref. 21590], Seegers et al. 2003:39 [ref. 28087], Neumann et al. 2016:306 [ref. 35036], Akoth et al. 2023:13 [ref. 40069]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis frontosus Vaillant 1895. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Northeastern Africa: White Nile and Omo River drainages. Habitat: freshwater.

fuelleborni, Synodontis Hilgendorf [F. M.] & Pappenheim [P.] 1903:265 [Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin 1903 (no. 6); ref. 15031] Songwe, Lake Rukwa, east of Lake Tanganyika, Tanzania. Lectotype: ZMB 16309 (116 mm SL). Paralectotypes: ZMB 22651 [ex ZMB 16309] (1 of 2). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:315 [ref. 29155]. Lectotype selected by Poll 1971:320 [ref. 7700]; see also Seegers 1996:240 [ref. 23725]. •Valid as Synodontis fuelleborni Hilgendorf & Pappenheim 1903 -- (Poll 1971:320 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:128 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860], Seegers 1996:240 [ref. 23725], Ferraris 2007:315 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis fuelleborni Hilgendorf & Pappenheim 1903. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Rukwa Lake and Rufigi River basin, eastern Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

galinae, Synodontis Kochetov [A. M.] 1998:4, 2 figs. [[Aquarium] 1998 (no. 2); ref. 26261] White Nile. No types known. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:323 [ref. 29155]. Described from aquarium specimens. •Synonym of Synodontis eupterus [euptera] Boulenger 1901 -- (Grant 2003:15 [ref. 28593]). •Species inquirenda in Synodontis eupterus -- (Ferraris 2007:323 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Synodontis eupterus Boulenger 1901. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.

gambiensis, Synodontis Günther [A.] 1864:214 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 5; ref. 1974] Gambia. Holotype (unique): BMNH 2005.9.9.1 (poor condition). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:315 [ref. 29155]. •Synonym of Synodontis schall (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Lévêque et al. 1989:120 [ref. 26480], Lévèque et al. 1991:144 [ref. 31367], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:561 [ref. 21590], Musschoot & Lalèyè 2008:1326 [ref. 29749]). •Valid as Synodontis gambiensis Günther 1864 -- (Poll 1971:70 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:128 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860], Willoughby 1994:28 [ref. 22047], Ferraris 2007:315 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis gambiensis Günther 1864. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Western Africa: Senegambia-Niger-Chad. Habitat: freshwater.

geledensis, Synodontis Günther [A.] 1896:220, Fig. 2 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1896 (pt 1) (art. 2) (for 4 Feb. 1896); ref. 14606] Geledi on the Shebele River, eastern Africa. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1895.12.31.69. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:315 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Synodontis geledensis Günther 1896 -- (Poll 1971:263 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:128 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860], Seegers et al. 2003:39 [ref. 28087], Ferraris 2007:315 [ref. 29155], Friel & Sullivan 2008:11 [ref. 29726]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis geledensis Günther 1896. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Eastern Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

gobroni, Synodontis Daget [J.] 1954:301, Fig. 113 [Mémoires de l'Institut français d'Afrique Noire No. 36; ref. 11989] Upper Niger, Sudan. Syntypes: (4) MNHN 1954-5 (1), 1960-471 (1). Type catalog: Blanc 1961:271 [ref. 20870], Ferraris 2007:315 [ref. 29155] •Probably a synonym of Synodontis guttatus Günther 1865 -- (Lévèque et al. 1991:143 [ref. 31367], Willoughby 1994:28 [ref. 22047]). •Valid as Synodontis gobroni Daget 1954 -- (Poll 1971:173 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:128 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860] as gabroni, Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:542 [ref. 21590], Ferraris 2007:315 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis gobroni Daget 1954. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Niger River basin, northern Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

grandiops, Synodontis Wright [J. J.] & Page [L. M.] 2006:109, Figs. 3C, 8-9 [Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History v. 46 (no. 4); ref. 28885] Mwakizega coastline, Lake Tanganyika. Holotype: BMNH 1982.4.13.4785. Paratypes: (12 lots) BMNH 1982.4.13.4786 (1), 1920.5.25.83-84 (2), 1955.12.20.1833 (1), 1955.12.20.1837 (1), 1982.4.13.4784 (1), 1982.4.13:4789-4791 (3), 1982.4.13:4787-4788 (2); MRAC 39186-39188 (3), 53096-53097 (2), 90273-90275 (3), 91606-91607 (2); SAIAB 77890 (3). •Valid as Synodontis grandiops Wright & Page 2006 -- (Ferraris 2007:445 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis grandiops Wright & Page 2006. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: East central Africa: Lake Tanganyika. Habitat: freshwater.

granulosus, Synodontis Boulenger [G. A.] 1900:480 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 6 (no. 35); ref. 14721] Northern end of Lake Tanganyika. Lectotype: BMNH 1906.9.6.40. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1906.9.6.41-42 (2). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:315 [ref. 29155]. Lectotype selected by Poll 1971:303 [ref. 7700]. Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Valid as Synodontis granulosus Boulenger 1900 -- (Poll 1971:303 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:129 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860], De Vos & Thys van den Audenaerde 1998:149 [ref. 24905], Schraml 2003:21 [ref. 27544], Wright & Page 2006:114 [ref. 28885]). •Valid as Synodontis granulosa Boulenger 1900 -- (Ferraris 2007:315 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis granulosus Boulenger 1900. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: East central Africa: Lake Tanganyika. Habitat: freshwater.

greshoffi, Synodontis Schilthuis [L.] 1891:87 [Tijdschrift der Nederlandsche Dierkundige Vereeniging, Ser. 2 v. 3; ref. 3925] Kinshasa, Stanley Pool, upper Congo River near Brazzaville, Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1899.9.6.7. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:315 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Synodontis greshoffi Schilthuis 1891 -- (Poll 1971:245 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:129 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860], Ferraris 2007:315 [ref. 29155], Kasongo Ilunga et al. 2019:16 [ref. 36894], Kiselkewa et al. 2020:[9] 708 [ref. 38315], Munene et al. 2021:24 [ref. 39283], Stiassny et al. 2021:1687 [ref. 39000]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis greshoffi Schilthuis 1891. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Central Africa: Congo River basin (Democratic Republic of Congo). Habitat: freshwater.

guentheri, Synodontis Vaillant [L. L.] 1893:16 [4] [Bulletin de la Société philomathique de Paris (8th Série) v. 5 (no. 1); ref. 14519] Nile River, Egypt. Syntypes: BMNH 1862.6.17.160 (1) Khartum, 1862.6.17.161-162 (2), 1865.11.15.13 (1). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:309 [ref. 29155]. On p. 4 of separate. •Synonym of Hemisynodontis membranaceus (Geoffroy St. Hilaire 1809) -- (Gosse 1986:115 [ref. 6194], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:529 [ref. 21590]). •In the synonymy of Hemisynodontis membranacea (Geoffroy St. Hilarie 1809) -- (Ferraris 2007:309 [ref. 29155]). •Synonym of Synodontis membranaceus (Geoffroy St. Hilaire 1809). Current status: Synonym of Synodontis membranaceus (Geoffroy St. Hilaire 1809). Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.

guttatus, Synodontis Günther [A.] 1865:452 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 3) v. 15 (no. 89); ref. 13949] West Africa, probably Niger River. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1865.4.6.4 (dry). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:315 [ref. 29155]. Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Valid as Synodontis guttatus Günther 1865 -- (Poll 1971:77 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:130 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860], Lévèque et al. 1991:143 [ref. 31367], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:543 [ref. 21590], Willoughby 1994:28 [ref. 22047]). •Valid as Synodontis guttata Günther 1865 -- (Ferraris 2007:315 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis guttatus Günther 1865. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Lower Niger basin, western Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

haugi, Synodontis Pellegrin [J.] 1906:470 [Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Série 1) v. 12 (no. 7); ref. 15682] Ogôoué River at Ngomo, Gabon. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1906-0209. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1950:50 [ref. 19575], Ferraris 2007:315 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Synodontis haugi Pellegrin 1906 -- (Poll 1971:125 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:130 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860], Friel & Vigliotta 2006:46 [ref. 28580], Ferraris 2007:315 [ref. 29155], De Weirdt et al. 2008:122 [ref. 29869], Fermon et al. 2007:737 [ref. 30032], Vreven & Milondo 2009:100 [ref. 30416], Vreven & Ibala Zamba 2011:359 [ref. 31194], De Weirdt et al. 2021:77 [ref. 38741], Fermon et al. 2022:159 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis haugi Pellegrin 1906. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Western-central Africa: lower Ogowe River basin (Gabon); Cameroon. Habitat: freshwater.

hollyi, Synodontis Pellegrin [J.] 1929:365 [Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France v. 54 (no. 4); ref. 15941] Cameroon. Syntypes: MNHN 1929-0047 to 0050 (1, 1, 1, 1). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1950:51 [ref. 19575], Ferraris 2007:323 [ref. 29155]. •In part (MNHN 1929-48), synonym of Synodontis obesus Boulenger 1898 -- (Poll 1971:96 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:139 [ref. 6194]). •In part (MNHN 1929-47, 49, 50), synonym of Synodontis rebeli Holly 1926 -- (Poll 1971:155 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:142 [ref. 6194]). •Species inquirenda in Synodontis -- (Ferraris 2007:323 [ref. 29155] with mixed type series). Current status: Synonym of Synodontis. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.

holopercnus, Synodontis Boulenger [G. A.] 1920:28 [Annales du Musée du Congo Belge Sér. C (Zoologie) (Sér. 1) v. 2 (fasc. 4); ref. 587] Bosabangi, Avakubi, and Poko, Democratic Republic of Congo. Syntypes: (5) BMNH 1919.9.10.264-265 (2) Avakubi; MRAC 7616 (1) Poko, 7775 (1) Bosabangi, 7829 (1) Avakubi. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:315 [ref. 29155]. •Synonym of Synodontis greshoffi Schilthuis 1891 -- (Poll 1971:245 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:129 [ref. 6194], Ferraris 2007:315 [ref. 29155], Kasongo Ilunga et al. 2019:16 [ref. 36894]). Current status: Synonym of Synodontis greshoffi Schilthuis 1891. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.

humeratus, Synodontis Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1840:264 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 15; ref. 1008] Nile River. No types known. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:321 [ref. 29155]. Based on a drawing. Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Synonym of Synodontis serratus Rüppell 1829 -- (Poll 1971:54 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:146 [ref. 6194]). •Synonym of Synodontis serrata Rüppell 1829 -- (Ferraris 2007:321 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Synodontis serratus Rüppell 1829. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.

ilebrevis, Synodontis Wright [J. J.] & Page [L. M.] 2006:117, Figs. 5D, 13-14 [Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History v. 46 (no. 4); ref. 28885] Chaitika, Tanzania, Lake Tanganyika. Holotype: UF 160942. Paratypes: UF 162562 (8), MRAC 78-35-P-20-24 (5), SAIAB 78410 (1). •Valid as Synodontis ilebrevis Wright & Page 2006 -- (Ferraris 2007:445 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis ilebrevis Wright & Page 2006. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: East central Africa: Cape Chaitika area, Zambia, Lake Tanganyika. Habitat: freshwater.

irsacae, Synodontis Matthes [M.] 1959:78 [Folia Scientifica Africae Centralis v. 5 (no. 4); ref. 6068] Kalundu, northern Lake Tanganyika. Holotype: MRAC 130315. Paratypes: MRAC 130316-21 (6). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:314 [ref. 29155]. •Synonym of Synodontis dhonti Boulenger 1917 -- (Poll 1971:364 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:125 [ref. 6194], Ferraris 2007:314 [ref. 29155]). •Valid as Synodontis irsacae Matthes 1959 -- (Wright & Page 2006:122 [ref. 28885]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis irsacae Matthes 1959. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Eastern Africa: Lake Tanganyika. Habitat: freshwater.

ituriensis, Synodontis Boulenger [G. A.] 1920:28 [Annales du Musée du Congo Belge Sér. C (Zoologie) (Sér. 1) v. 2 (fasc. 4); ref. 587] Ituri River at Mawambi, Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype (unique): MRAC 7576. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:315 [ref. 29155]. •Synonym of Synodontis iturii Steindachner 1911 -- (Poll 1971:348 [ref. 7700], Ferraris 2007:315 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Synodontis iturii Steindachner 1911. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.

iturii, Synodontis melanostictus var. Steindachner [F.] 1911:534 [Anzeiger der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Klasse v. 48 (no. 27) (for 21 Dec. 1911); ref. 14818] Ituri River, Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype (unique): NMW 46049. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:315 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Synodontis iturii Steindachner 1911 -- (Poll 1971:348 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:130 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860], Ferraris 2007:315 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis iturii Steindachner 1911. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Ituri River, central Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

jallae, Synodontis Gilchrist [J. D. F.] & Thompson [W. W.] 1917:561 [Annals of the South African Museum v. 11 (pt 6); ref. 15119] Shesheke River, Zimbabwe [s. Rhodesia]. Holotype (unique): SAM 14290 [now at AMG]. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:316 [ref. 29155]. Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Synonym of Synodontis leopardinus Pellegrin 1914 -- (Poll 1971:351 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:131 [ref. 6194]). •Synonym of Synodontis leopardina Pellegrin 1914 -- (Ferraris 2007:316 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Synodontis leopardinus Pellegrin 1914. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.

katangae, Synodontis Poll [M.] 1971:454, Fig. 212; Pls. 7(11), 12(19) [Annales, Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Série in 8o, Sciences Zoologiques No. 191; ref. 7700] Lukonzolwa, Lake Moero [Lake Mweru], Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype: MRAC 14231. Paratypes: BMNH 1943.7.27.422 (1); MRAC 6865 (1), 14117 (1), 33516-17 (2), 165754-55 (2). Type catalog: Derijst 1991:67 [ref. 21528], Ferraris 2007:316 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Synodontis katangae Poll 1971 -- (Gosse 1986:130 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860], Ferraris 2007:315 [ref. 29155], Wright & Page 2008:297 [ref. 29628]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis katangae Poll 1971. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Central Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

khartoumensis, Synodontis Abu Gideiri [Y. B.] 1967:133, Fig. 1 [Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines v. 76 (nos 1-2); ref. 7963] Blue Nile, 2 miles from junction of Blue Nile and White Nile to form the main Nile, Khartoum, Sudan. Holotype: SNHM. Paratypes: BMNH 1969.1.7.17 (1), SNHM (orig. 12). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:316 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Synodontis khartoumensis Abu Gideiri 1967 -- (Poll 1971:204 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:130 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860], Ferraris 2007:316 [ref. 29155], Neumann et al. 2016:306 [ref. 35036], Akoth et al. 2023:13 [ref. 40069]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis khartoumensis Abu Gideiri 1967. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Northeastern Africa: Nile River basin and Lake Albert. Habitat: freshwater.

koensis, Synodontis Pellegrin [J.] 1933:110, Fig. [Archiv für Hydrobiologie v. 26; ref. 3413] Ko River, Man, Ivory Coast. Holotype (unique): NMBA 4500. Type catalog: Kottelat & Sutter 1988:54 [ref. 13796], Ferraris 2007:316 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Synodontis koensis Pellegrin 1933 -- (Poll 1971:160 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:131 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:558 [ref. 21590], Ferraris 2007:316 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis koensis Pellegrin 1933. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Nzi River drainage, Sassandra River basin, Ivory Coast, western Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

kogonensis, Synodontis Musschoot [T.] & Lalèyè [P.] 2008:1317, Fig. 8 [Journal of Natural History v. 42 (no. 17); ref. 29749] Ndyarendi, Kogon River, 11°21'N, 14°30'W, Guinea. Holotype: MRAC 92-059-P-1933. Paratypes: MRAC 92-059-P-1934-1936 (3), 92-059-P-1940 (1). Plus non-type specimens (p. 1319). •Valid as Synodontis kogonensis Musschoot & Lalèyè 2008. Current status: Valid as Synodontis kogonensis Musschoot & Lalèyè 2008. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Kogon and Fatala rivers, Guinea. Habitat: freshwater.

labeo, Synodontis Günther [A.] 1865:453 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 3) v. 15 (no. 89); ref. 13949] West Africa, probably Niger River. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1865.5.9.8 (stuffed). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:323 [ref. 29155]. •Probably valid as Synodontis labeo Günther 1865 -- (Willoughby 1994:28 [ref. 22047]). •Synonym of Synodontis xiphias Günther 1864 -- (Poll 1971:74 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:151 [ref. 6194], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:542 [ref. 21590], Ferraris 2007:323 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Synodontis xiphias Günther 1864. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.

lacustricolus, Synodontis Poll [M.] 1953:157, Fig. 18A; Pl. 6 (fig. 3) [Exploration Hydrobiologique du Lac Tanganika, 1946-1947: Résultats Scientifiques v. 3 (no. 5A); ref. 12661] Karema, Tanzania, Lake Tanganyika, depth about 30 meters. Holotype: IRSNB 197. Paratypes: BMNH 1955.12.20.1849 (1), 1955.12.20.1850 (1), 1955.12.20.1851 (1, head); IRSNB 198-199 (1, 1); MRAC 90288-90 (1, 1, 1). Type catalog: Walschaerts 1987:16 [ref. 20755], Derijst 1991:67 [ref. 21528], Ferraris 2007:316 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Synodontis lacustricolus Poll 1953 -- (Poll 1971:402 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:131 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860]). •Status uncertain -- (Schraml 2003:18 [ref. 27544]). •Synonym of Synodontis tanganaicae Borodin 1936 -- (Ferraris 2007:321 [ref. 29155]). •Synonym of Synodontis tanganyicae Borodin 1936 -- (De Vos & Thys van den Audenaerde 1998:153 [ref. 24905], Wright & Page 2006:147 [ref. 28885]). Current status: Synonym of Synodontis tanganyicae Borodin 1936. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.

laessoei, Synodontis Norman [J. R.] 1923:696 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 9) v. 12 (no. 72) (art. 74); ref. 3213] Kokema [? Kolema] River, Angola, elevation 4000 feet. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1923.8.15.3. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:316 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Synodontis laessoei Norman 1923 -- (Poll 1971:380 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:131 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860], Ferraris 2007:316 [ref. 29155], Wright & Page 2008:298 [ref. 29628], Skelton 2019:235 [ref. 36564]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis laessoei Norman 1923. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Southwestern Africa: Kolema River, Quanza River basin (Angola). Habitat: freshwater.

latifrons, Synodontis gambiensis Blache [J.] 1964:201, Fig. 112 [Mémoires de l'ORSTOM (Office de la Recherche Scientifique et Technique Outre-Mer) No. 4; ref. 7943] Lake Chad basin. Syntypes (?): MNHN 1959-0495 (2), 1959-0500 (5), 1959-0524 (8). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:315 [ref. 29155]. •Questionably a synonym of Synodontis gambiensis Günther 1864 -- (Gosse 1986:128 [ref. 6194]). •Possibly a valid species -- (Musschoot & Lalèyè 2008:1327 [ref. 29749]). •Synonym of Synodontis schall (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Lévèque et al. 1991:144 [ref. 31367]). •Synonym of Synodontis gambiensis Günther 1864 -- (Ferraris 2007:315 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Synodontis gambiensis Günther 1864. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.

leopardinus, Synodontis Pellegrin [J.] 1914:25 [Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France v. 39 (no. 1); ref. 14165] Zambezi River, Barotsés, Zambia. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1913-0321. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1950:50 [ref. 19575], Ferraris 2007:316 [ref. 29155]. Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Possible synonym of Synodontis zanzibaricus Peters 1868 -- (Seegers et al. 2003:39 [ref. 28087]). •Valid as Synodontis leopardina Pellegrin 1914 -- (Ferraris 2007:316 [ref. 29155], Marshall 2011:185 [ref. 31755], Bruton et al. 2018:78 [ref. 36373]). •Valid as Synodontis leopardinus Pellegrin 1914 -- (Poll 1971:351 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:131 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860], Skelton & White 1990:280 [ref. 13608], Skelton 1993:255 [ref. 24071], Skelton 2001:255 [ref. 27406], Skelton 2019:235 [ref. 36564]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis leopardinus Pellegrin 1914. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Southern Africa: upper Zambezi River and Okavango River basins. Habitat: freshwater.

leopardus, Synodontis Pfeffer [G. J.] 1896:35 [Die Thierwelt Ost-Afrikas und der Nachbargebiete v. 3; ref. 14617] Ruvu (or Rufu) River, near or at Korogwe, Tanzania. Syntypes: (originally 5) ZMH 12118 [ex ZMH 6830] (1 + 5 small specimens). Non-types: ZMH 12119 [ex ZMH 6845] (5 small specimens). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:316 [ref. 29155]. Syntypes found, described and illustrated by Grant 2008 [ref. 29668]. Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Valid as Synodontis leopardus Pfeffer 1896 -- (Gosse 1986:132 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860]). •Possibly a synonym of Synodontis zanzibaricus Peters 1868 -- (De Vos 2001:49 [ref. 25362], Seegers et al. 2003:39 [ref. 28087]). •Valid as Synodontis leoparda Pfeffer 1896 -- (Ferraris 2007:316 [ref. 29155]). •Possibly the same (and predating) Synodontis rukwaensis Hilgendorf & Pappenheim 1903 -- (Grant 2008:19 [ref. 29668]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis leopardus Pfeffer 1896. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Coastal rivers of Tanzania and Somalia, eastern Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

levequei, Synodontis Paugy [D.] 1987:361, Fig. 3 [Cybium v. 11 (no. 4); ref. 6738] Kakrima River, near Kasséri, Konkouré basin, Guinea. Holotype: MNHN 1987-0931. Paratypes: MNHN 1987-0932 (2). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:316 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Synodontis levequei Paugy 1987 -- (Lévêque et al. 1989:120 [ref. 26480], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:562 [ref. 21590], Burgess & Finley 1996:165 [ref. 22901], Ferraris 2007:316 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis levequei Paugy 1987. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Kakrima River, Guinea, western Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

longirostris, Synodontis Boulenger [G. A.] 1902:44, Pl. 12 (fig. 2) [Annales du Musee du Congo (Ser. Zoologie) v. 2 (fasc. 2); ref. 562] Yembe River at Banzyville, Democratic Republic of Congo, about 4°18'N, 21°11'E. Holotype (unique): MRAC 1243. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:316 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Synodontis longirostris Boulenger 1902 -- (Poll 1971:310 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:132 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860], Ferraris 2007:316 [ref. 29155], Wright & Page 2008:297 [ref. 29628], Skelton 2019:235 [ref. 36564]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis longirostris Boulenger 1902. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Southern central Africa: Congo River basin (Democratic Republic of Congo and Angola). Habitat: freshwater.

longispinis, Synodontis batesi var. Pellegrin [J.] 1930:207 [Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France v. 55 (no. 3); ref. 16118] Sangha River, tributary of Congo River, Congo. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1929-0245. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1950:52 [ref. 19575], Ferraris 2007:316 [ref. 29155] •Valid as Synodontis longispinis Pellegrin 1930 -- (Poll 1971:389 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:132 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860], Ferraris 2007:316 [ref. 29155], Friel & Sullivan 2008:11 [ref. 29726]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis longispinis Pellegrin 1930. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Sangha River, Congo River basin, central Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

loppei, Synodontis Pellegrin [J.] 1927:365 [Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France v. 52 (no. 5); ref. 22831] Sanaga River at Edea, Cameroon. Syntypes: MHNLR P.197 (1), MNHN 1927-0278 (1). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1950:51 [ref. 19575], Aloncle 1968:685 [ref. 20713], Ferraris 2007:318 [ref. 29155]. Also appeared in Pellegrin 1928:5, fig. [ref. 17940]. •Synonym of Synodontis obesus Boulenger 1898 -- (Poll 1971:96 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:139 [ref. 6194], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:554 [ref. 21590], Ferraris 2007:318 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Synodontis obesus Boulenger 1898. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.

lucipinnis, Synodontis Wright [J. J.] & Page [L. M.] 2006:126, Figs. 4A, 19 [Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History v. 46 (no. 4); ref. 28885] Musende Rocks, Zambia, Lake Tanganyika, 8°46'00"S, 31°07'00"E. Holotype: SAIAB 77880. Paratypes: SAIAB 39577 (10), 77879 (3), 77881 (4), 77894 (1). •Valid as Synodontis lucipinnis Wright & Page 2006 -- (Ferraris 2007:445 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis lucipinnis Wright & Page 2006. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: East central Africa: Musende Rocks area, Zambian, Lake Tanganyika. Habitat: freshwater.

lufirae, Synodontis Poll [M.] 1971:459, Fig. 214; Pl. 7 (fig. 12) [Annales, Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Série in 8o, Sciences Zoologiques No. 191; ref. 7700] Koni Lake, Lufira, Congo River basin. Holotype: MRAC 168400. Paratypes: MRAC 83398-400 (3), 165349-53 (5), 168401-10 (10), 168411 (1). Type catalog: Derijst 1991:68 [ref. 21528], Ferraris 2007:316 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Synodontis lufirae Poll 1971 -- (Gosse 1986:132 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860], Ferraris 2007:316 [ref. 29155], Abwe et al. 2023:31 [ref. 39992]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis lufirae Poll 1971. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Southern-central Africa: upper Congo River basin (Democratic Republic of Congo). Habitat: freshwater.

macrepipterus, Synodontis Pellegrin [J.] 1922:222 [Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France v. 47 (no. 6/7); ref. 15365] Gribingui River at Fort Crampel, Central African Republic. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1922-0031. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1950:50 [ref. 19575], Ferraris 2007:314 [ref. 29155]. Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Synonym of Synodontis eupterus Boulenger 1901 -- (Poll 1971:111 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:126 [ref. 6194], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:546 [ref. 21590]). •Synonym of Synodontis euptera Boulenger 1901 -- (Ferraris 2007:314 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Synodontis eupterus Boulenger 1901. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.

macrodon, Synodontis Geoffroy St. Hilaire [I.] 1827:295 [Poissons du Nil v. 1 (part 1); ref. 4185] Nile River, Egypt. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000-4194. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1950:48 [ref. 19575], Ferraris 2007:313 [ref. 29155]. A new name for Pimelotus synodontis Geoffroy St. Hilaire 1809. •Synonym of Synodontis clarias (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Poll 1971:44 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:118 [ref. 6194], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:533 [ref. 21590], Ferraris 2007:313 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Synodontis clarias (Linnaeus 1758). Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.

macrophthalmus, Synodontis Poll [M.] 1971:207, Fig. 98; Pls. 3 (fig.15), 10 (fig. 5) [Annales, Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Série in 8o, Sciences Zoologiques No. 191; ref. 7700] Ampem, Volta Lake, Ghana. Holotype (unique): MRAC 168500. Type catalog: Derijst 1991:68 [ref. 21528], Ferraris 2007:316 [ref. 29155]. Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Valid as Synodontis macrophthalma Poll 1971 -- (Ferraris 2007:316 [ref. 29155]). •Valid as Synodontis macrophthalmus Poll 1971 -- (Gosse 1986:132 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:540 [ref. 21590], Dankwa et al. 1999:37 [ref. 28023], Hauber et al. 2011:81 [ref. 31428]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis macrophthalmus Poll 1971. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: West Africa: Volta Lake, Ghana, Sota River drainage, Benin, Volta ecoregion endemic. Habitat: freshwater.

macrops, Synodontis Greenwood [P. H.] 1963:66 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London v. 140 (pt 1); ref. 4857] A tributary stream of Aswa River, Teso District, Uganda. Holotype: BMNH 1961.12.1.319. Paratypes: BMNH 1961.12.1.320-325 (6). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:316 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Synodontis macrops Greenwood 1963 -- (Poll 1971:189 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:132 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860], Ferraris 2007:316 [ref. 29155], Akoth et al. 2023:13 [ref. 40069]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis macrops Greenwood 1963. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: East Africa: Aswa River basin (Uganda). Habitat: freshwater.

macropunctata, Synodontis Wright [J. J.] & Page [L. M.] 2008:294, Figs. 1-3 [Copeia 2008 (no. 2); ref. 29628] Nhefo River, affluent of Luachimo River, about 50 kilometers south of Dumdo, Angola. Holotype: MRAC 162203. Paratypes: BMNH 2006.12.18.1 (1); MRAC 162205 (1), 162206 (1), 162207-08 (2), 162209 (1), 162210-12 (3), 162214 (1), 162215 (1), 162216 (1). Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Valid as Synodontis macropunctata Wright & Page 2008. Current status: Valid as Synodontis macropunctatus Wright & Page 2008. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Tributaries of the Kasai River, northern Angola. Habitat: freshwater.

macrostigma, Synodontis Boulenger [G. A.] 1911:432, Fig. 325 [Catalogue of the fresh-water fishes of Africa v. 2; ref. 579] Okovango River, Lake Ngami District, Botswana, southern Africa. Lectotype: BMNH 1910.5.31.37. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1910.5.31.38 (1). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:317 [ref. 29155]. Lectotype selected by Poll 1971:345 [ref. 7700]. Designated earlier by Gilchrist & Thompson 1913:462, caption to fig. 109 if figured specimen can be identified. •Valid as Synodontis macrostigma Boulenger 1911 -- (Poll 1971:345 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:132 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860], Skelton & White 1990:280 [ref. 13608], Skelton 1993:253 [ref. 24071], Skelton 2001:253 [ref. 27406], Ferraris 2007:317 [ref. 29155], Marshall 2011:184 [ref. 31755], Bruton et al. 2018:76 [ref. 36373], Skelton 2019:235 [ref. 36564]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis macrostigma Boulenger 1911. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Southern Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

macrostoma, Synodontis Skelton [P. H.] & White [P. N.] 1990:281, Figs. 3 (a-b) [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 1 (no. 3); ref. 13608] Upper Zambezi River at Katima Mulilo, Caprivi, Namibia. Holotype: AMG P11687. Paratypes: AMG P11688 (11). Other material: AMG P228 (3), P3199 (1), P3200 (2), P3411 (2), P8709 (1); SAIAB [formerly RUSI] 22158 (1); SMW/P 928 (1). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:317 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Synodontis macrostoma Skelton & White 1990 -- (Skelton 1993:254 [ref. 24071], Burgess & Finley 1996:165 [ref. 22901], Skelton 2001:254 [ref. 27406], Ferraris 2007:317 [ref. 29155], Marshall 2011:185 [ref. 31755], Bruton et al. 2018:77 [ref. 36373], Skelton 2019:235 [ref. 36564]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis macrostoma Skelton & White 1990. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Southern Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

maculatus, Synodontis Vaillant [L. L.] 1892:2 [Bulletin de la Société Philomathique de Paris (Sér. 8), v. 4 (no. 16); ref. 19648] Ubanghi River, Congo. MNHN 1892-0080. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:318 [ref. 29155]. See Ferraris 2007:318 [ref. 29155] for remarks on the valid name. Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Synonym of Synodontis notatus Vaillant 1893 -- (Poll 1971:256 [ref. 7700]). •In the synonymy of Synodontis notata Vaillant 1893 -- (Ferraris 2007:318 [ref. 29155] as a nomen oblitum). Current status: Synonym of Synodontis notatus Vaillant 1893. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.

maculatus, Synodontis Vaillant [L. L.] in Rivière 1886:18 [La Revue scientifique: revue hebdomadaire illustrée (Revue rose), éd. par Jean Duhem. v. 38 [series 3: v. 23 (no. 1)]; ref. 17852] Not available, no distinguishing features provided; from Africa. •In the synonymy of Synodontis notatus Vaillant 1893. Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Synodontis notatus Vaillant 1893. Mochokidae: Mochokinae.

maculipinna, Synodontis Norman [J. R.] 1922:687 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 9) v. 9 (no. 54); ref. 15358] Mpanganye, Rufigi River, Tanganyika Territory [Tanzania]. Lectotype: BMNH 1922.4.18.27. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1922.4.18.28-34 (7). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:320 [ref. 29155]. Lectotype selected by Poll 1971:376 [ref. 7700]. •Valid as Synodontis maculipinna Norman 1922 -- (Poll 1971:376 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:133 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860]). •Synonym of Synodontis rukwaensis Hilgendorf & Pappenheim 1903 -- (Seegers 1996:248 [ref. 23725], Ferraris 2007:320 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Synodontis rukwaensis Hilgendorf & Pappenheim 1903. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.

maculosus, Synodontis Rüppell [W. P. E. S.] 1829:10, Pl. 3 (fig. 1) [Beschreibung und Abbildung mehrerer neuer Fische, im Nil entdeckt 1829; ref. 22233] Cairo, Egypt. Lectotype: SMF 653. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1850.7.29.15 (1?); SMF 5417-21 (5). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:321 [ref. 29155]. Lectotype selected by Poll 1971:50 [ref. 7700] •Synonym of Synodontis schall (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Poll 1971:48 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:145 [ref. 6194], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:561 [ref. 21590], Ferraris 2007:321 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Synodontis schall (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.

manni, Synodontis De Vos [L. D. G.] 2001:42, Figs. 2-3 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 12 (no. 1); ref. 25362] Tana River at Baomo area near Baomo village, 1°55'S, 40°08'E, Kenya. Holotype: NMK-FW 600/1. Paratypes: MRAC 99-57-P-3 (1, 1, 1); NMK-FW-606 (1), FW-806/1-2 (2). Plus additional material. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:317 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Synodontis manni De Vos 2001 -- (Seegers et al. 2003:39 [ref. 28087], Ferraris 2007:317 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis manni De Vos 2001. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Tana River, Kenya. Habitat: freshwater.

marmoratus, Synodontis Lönnberg [E.] 1895:186 [Öfversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-akademiens Forhandlingar v. 52 (no. 3); ref. 14584] Bonge, Cameroon. Lectotype: ZMUU 281 (38.5 mm SL). Paralectotypes: ZMUU (2). Type catalog: Wallin 1996:62 [ref. 32133], Ferraris 2007:317 [ref. 29155]. Lectotype selected by Poll 1971:93 [ref. 7700]. Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Valid as Synodontis marmoratus Lönnberg 1895 -- (Poll 1971:93 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:133 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860], Friel & Vigliotta 2006:54 [ref. 28580]). •Valid as Synodontis marmorata Lönnberg 1895 -- (Ferraris 2007:317 [ref. 29155], Fermon et al. 2007:737 [ref. 30032], De Weirdt et al. 2008:122 [ref. 29869], Vreven & Milondo 2009:100 [ref. 30416], Vreven & Ibala Zamba 2011:359 [ref. 31194]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis marmoratus Lönnberg 1895. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: West-central Africa: Cameroon. Habitat: freshwater.

matthesi, Synodontis Poll [M.] 1971:462, Fig. 216; Pls. 7(14), 12(20) [Annales, Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Série in 8o, Sciences Zoologiques No. 191; ref. 7700] Mtera, Ruaha River, Tanzania. Holotype (unique): ZMA 109743. Type catalog: Nijssen et al. 1982:62 [ref. 19236], Derijst 1991:68 [ref. 21528], Ferraris 2007:317 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Synodontis matthesi Poll 1971 -- (Gosse 1986:133 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860], Ferraris 2007:317 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis matthesi Poll 1971. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Rufigi River basin, Tanzania, eastern Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

melanogaster, Synodontis Peters [W. (C. H.)] (ex Ehrenberg) 1868:31 [Naturwissenschaftliche Reise nach Mossambique; ref. 3440] Not available, name mentioned in passing in the synonymy of Synodus batensoda Rüppell. •In the synonymy of Brachysynodontis batensoda (Rüppell 1832) -- (Poll 1971:39 [ref. 7700], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:528 [ref. 21590]). •In the synonymy of Synodontis batensoda Rüppell 1832. Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Synodontis batensoda Rüppell 1832. Mochokidae: Mochokinae.

melanopterus, Synodontis Boulenger [G. A.] 1903:327, Pl. 29 (fig. 1) [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1902, v. 2 (pt 2); ref. 15009] Oguta, Niger Delta, southern Nigeria. Lectotype: BMNH 1902.10.25.3. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1902.10.25.4 (1). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:317 [ref. 29155]. Lectotype selected in Poll 1971:114 [ref. 7700]. Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Valid as Synodontis melanopterus Boulenger 1903 -- (Poll 1971:114 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:133 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860], Lévèque et al. 1991:143 [ref. 31367], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:546 [ref. 21590], Willoughby 1994:29 [ref. 22047]). •Valid as Synodontis melanoptera Boulenger 1903 -- (Ferraris 2007:317 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis melanopterus Boulenger 1903. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: West-central Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

melanostictus, Synodontis Boulenger [G. A.] 1906:553, Pl. 34 [Transactions of the Zoological Society of London v. 17 (pt 6, no. 1); ref. 573] Lofu, Lake Tanganyika. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1906.9.8.72. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:318 [ref. 29155]. Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Synonym of Synodontis nigromaculatus Boulenger 1905 -- (Poll 1971:325 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:136 [ref. 6194]). •Valid as Synodontis melanostictus Boulenger 1906 -- (Wright & Page 2006:130 [ref. 28885], Wright & Page 2008:296 [ref. 29628]). •Synonym of Synodontis nigromaculata Boulenger 1905 -- (Ferraris 2007:318 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis melanostictus Boulenger 1906. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: East central Africa: Lake Tanganyika and its tributaries. Habitat: freshwater.

membranaceus, Pimelodus Geoffroy St. Hilaire [E.] 1809:[312], Pl. 13 (figs. 1-2) [Poissons du Nil v. 1 (part 1); ref. 4182] Nile River, Egypt. Holotype: MNHN 0000-4197. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1950:48 [ref. 19575], Ferraris 2007:309 [ref. 29155] The page number is from a different edition. •Valid as Hemisynodontis membranacea (Geoffroy St. Hilarie 1809) -- (Ferraris 2007:309 [ref. 29155]). •Valid as Hemisynodontis membranaceus (Geoffroy St. Hilaire 1809) -- (Poll 1971:35 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:115 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:195 [ref. 12860], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:529 [ref. 21590], Poll & Gosse 1995:203 [ref. 24781]). •Valid as Synodontis membranaceus (Geoffroy St. Hilaire 1809) -- (Lévèque et al. 1991:143 [ref. 31367], Willoughby 1994:26 [ref. 22047], Dankwa et al. 1999:37 [ref. 28023]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis membranaceus (Geoffroy St. Hilaire 1809). Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Northern Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

multimaculatus, Synodontis Boulenger [G. A.] 1902:43, Pl. 12 (fig. 1) [Annales du Musee du Congo (Ser. Zoologie) v. 2 (fasc. 2); ref. 562] Ubangi River at Banzyville, Democratic Republic of Congo, about 4°18'N, 21°11'E. Holotype (unique): MRAC 1314. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:317 [ref. 29155]. Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Valid as Synodontis multimaculatus Boulenger 1902 -- (Poll 1971:306 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:134 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860]). •Valid as Synodontis multimaculata Boulenger 1902 -- (Ferraris 2007:317 [ref. 29155], Wright & Page 2008:297 [ref. 29628]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis multimaculatus Boulenger 1902. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Congo River basin, central Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

multipunctatus, Synodontis Boulenger [G. A.] 1898:497 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1898 (pt 3); ref. 20658] Sumbu, Lake Tanganyika. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1898.9.9.76. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:317 [ref. 29155]. Appeared first as above, then in more detail in Boulenger 1898:24, Pl. 8 [ref. 547]. Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Valid as Synodontis multipunctatus Boulenger 1898 -- (Poll 1971:270 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:134 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860], De Vos & Thys van den Audenaerde 1998:149 [ref. 24905], Schraml 2003:61 [ref. 27543], Wright & Page 2006:134 [ref. 28885]). •Valid as Synodontis multipunctata Boulenger 1898 -- (Ferraris 2007:317 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis multipunctatus Boulenger 1898. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: East central Africa: Lake Tanganyika. Habitat: freshwater.

nebulosus, Synodontis Peters [W. (C. H.)] 1852:682 [Bericht über die zur Bekanntmachung geeigneten Verhandlungen der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1852; ref. 18539] Near Tette [Tete], Lower Zambezi River, Mozambique. Holotype (unique): ZMB 3120. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:317 [ref. 29155]. Also in Peters 1868:28, Pl. 5 (fig. 1) [ref. 3440]. Also appeared as Peters in Günther 1864:213 [ref. 1974], with account by Günther taken from Peters manuscript. Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Valid as Synodontis nebulosus Peters 1852 -- (Poll 1971:222 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:134 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860], Skelton & White 1990:280 [ref. 13608], Skelton 1993:251 [ref. 24071], Skelton 2001:251 [ref. 27406], Marshall 2011:180 [ref. 31755]). •Valid as Synodontis nebulosa Peters 1852 -- (Ferraris 2007:317 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis nebulosus Peters 1852. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Zambezi River system, southeastern Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

ngouniensis, Synodontis De Weirdt [D.], Vreven [E. J.] & Fermon [Y.] 2008:122, Fig. 1 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 19 (no. 2); ref. 29869] Ngounié-Ogooué River basin, Ngoumié River at Nzoundou, 2°17'15"S, 11°28'55"E, Gabon. Holotype: MRAC 99-90-P-1989. Paratypes: at CUMV, MNHN, MRAC. Plus non-type material. •Valid as Synodontis ngouniensis De Weirdt, Vreven & Fermon 2008 -- (Vreven & Milondo 2009:100 [ref. 30416], Vreven & Ibala Zamba 2011:359 [ref. 31194], Fermon et al. 2022:159 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis ngouniensis De Weirdt, Vreven & Fermon 2008. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Western-central Africa: Ngounié River basin and Nyanga River basin (Gabon and Republic of Congo). Habitat: freshwater.

nigrita, Synodontis Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1840:265, Pl. 441 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 15; ref. 1008] Senegal River, Senegal. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000-3051. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1950:49 [ref. 19575], Ferraris 2007:317 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Synodontis nigrita Valenciennes 1840 -- (Poll 1971:57 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:134 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860], Lévêque et al. 1989:120 [ref. 26480], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:555 [ref. 21590], Willoughby 1994:27, 29 [ref. 22047], Dankwa et al. 1999:38 [ref. 28023], Ferraris 2007:317 [ref. 29155], Fermon et al. 2007:739 [ref. 30032], De Weirdt et al. 2008:122 [ref. 29869], Vreven & Milondo 2009:100 [ref. 30416], Vreven & Ibala Zamba 2011:359 [ref. 31194], Neumann et al. 2016:306 [ref. 35036], Fermon et al. 2022:159 [ref. 39448] with question, Akoth et al. 2023:13 [ref. 40069], De Weirdt et al. 2023:[2] [ref. 40468]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis nigrita Valenciennes 1840. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Western and northern Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

nigriventris, Synodontis David [L.] 1936:417 [Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines v. 28 (no. 3); ref. 13690] Buta, Democratic Republic of Congo. Lectotype: MRAC 30312. Paralectotypes: (69) MRAC 16689-90 (2), 17517-18 (2), 17587-88 (2), 18014-15 (2), 26911-12 (2), 29529-30 (2), 29542 (1) 30117 (1), 30314 (1), 31167 (1), 31297-310 (14), 42861-69 (9), 41926-31 (6), 43887-90 (4), 44138-57 (20) MNHN 1886-429 (1) Makaka. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1950:52 [ref. 19575] with MNHN 1886-429 as holotype, Ferraris 2007:318 [ref. 29155]. Lectotype selected by Poll 1971:397 [ref. 7700]. •Valid as Synodontis nigriventris David 1936 -- (Poll 1971:397 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:135 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860], Ferraris 2007:318 [ref. 29155], Munene et al. 2021:24 [ref. 39283], Stiassny et al. 2021:1687 [ref. 39000]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis nigriventris David 1936. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Western-central Africa: Congo River basin (Democratic Republic of Congo). Habitat: freshwater.

nigromaculatus, Synodontis Boulenger [G. A.] 1905:645 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 16 (no. 96) (art. 72); ref. 15342] Lake Bangwelo [Bangweolo], Zambia. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1905.11.10.10. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:318 [ref. 29155]. Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Valid as Synodontis nigromaculata Boulenger 1905 -- (Ferraris 2007:318 [ref. 29155], Wright & Page 2008:296 [ref. 29628], Marshall 2011:181 [ref. 31755]). •Valid as Synodontis nigromaculatus Boulenger 1905 -- (Poll 1971:325 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:136 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860], Skelton & White 1990:280 [ref. 13608], Skelton 1993:250 [ref. 24071], De Vos & Thys van den Audenaerde 1998:153 [ref. 24905], Skelton 2001:250 [ref. 27406], Schraml 2003:18 [ref. 27544], Bruton et al. 2018:75 [ref. 36373], Skelton 2019:235 [ref. 36564], Abwe et al. 2023:31 [ref. 39992]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis nigromaculatus Boulenger 1905. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Central and southern Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

njassae, Synodontis Keilhack [L.] 1908:168 [Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin 1908 (no. 7); ref. 14324] Lake Malawi [Lake Nyasa], near Langenburg, Tanzania. Lectotype: ZMB 18191. Paralectotypes: ZMB 18192 (8). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:318 [ref. 29155]. Synodontis nyassae is an unjustified emendation or misspelling. Lectotype selected by Poll 1971:337 [ref. 7700]. Also appeared as new in Keilhack 1910:113, Pl. 1, fig. 9 [ref. 32109]. •Valid as Synodontis njassae Keilhack 1908 -- (Poll 1971:337 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:137 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860], Skelton & White 1990:280 [ref. 13608], Seegers 1996:249 [ref. 23725], Snoeks 2004:24 [ref. 28111], Ferraris 2007:318 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis njassae Keilhack 1908. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Lake Nyasa, eastern Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

notatus, Synodontis Vaillant [L. L.] 1893:17 [5] [Bulletin de la Société philomathique de Paris (8th Série) v. 5 (no. 1); ref. 14519] Congo. Holotype: MNHN 1892-0080. Vaillant specimens: MNHN 1886-436 (1, "holotype"), 1886-0435 (1), 0437 to 0439 (1, 1, 1). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1950:49 [ref. 19575] but with holotype and paratypes, Ferraris 2007:318 [ref. 29155]. On p. 5 of separate. New name for Synodontis maculatus Vaillant 1892, to avoid confusion with Synodontis maculosus Rüppell 1829 (= Synodontis schall); regarded as an unneeded replacement name. See Ferraris 2007:318 [ref. 29155] for use of name. Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Valid as Synodontis notatus Vaillant 1893 -- (Poll 1971:256 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:137 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860]). •Valid as Synodontis notata Vaillant 1893 -- (Ferraris 2007:318 [ref. 29155] as a nomen protectum, Munene et al. 2021:24 [ref. 39283]). Nomen Protectum. Current status: Valid as Synodontis notatus Vaillant 1893. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Central Africa: Congo River basin. Habitat: freshwater.

ntemensis, Synodontis hollyi Pellegrin [J.] 1929:367 [Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France v. 54 (no. 4); ref. 15941] Ntem River, Nyabessan, Cameroon. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1929-0051. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1950:51 [ref. 19575], Ferraris 2007:322 [ref. 29155] •Synonym of Synodontis tessmanni Pappenheim 1911 -- (Poll 1971:141 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:148 [ref. 6194], Ferraris 2007:322 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Synodontis tessmanni Pappenheim 1911. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.

nummifer, Synodontis Boulenger [G. A.] 1899:47, Pl. 24 [Annales du Musee du Congo (Ser. Zoologie) v. 1 (fasc. 3); ref. 548] Kinshasa [Leopoldville] and Matadi, Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype: MRAC 107. Paratype: BMNH 1899.2.20.28 (1). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:318 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Synodontis nummifer Boulenger 1899 -- (Poll 1971:286 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:138 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860], Ferraris 2007:318 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis nummifer Boulenger 1899. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Congo River basin, central Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

obesus, Synodontis Boulenger [G. A.] 1898:415 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 2 (no. 11) (art. 49); ref. 14682] Opobo River, Old Calabar, Nigeria. Lectotype: BMNH 1896.5.5.67. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1881.7.20.5-6 (2). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:318 [ref. 29155]. Lectotype selected in Poll 1971:96 [ref. 7700]. •Valid as Synodontis obesus Boulenger 1898 -- (Poll 1971:96 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:138 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860], Paugy & Bénech 1989:303 [ref. 26478], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:554 [ref. 21590], Ferraris 2007:318 [ref. 29155], Fermon et al. 2007:747 [ref. 30032], De Weirdt et al. 2008:122 [ref. 29869], Vreven & Milondo 2009:100 [ref. 30416] in obesus/rebeli complex, Vreven & Ibala Zamba 2011:359 [ref. 31194], Fermon et al. 2022:160 [ref. 39448] possible). Current status: Valid as Synodontis obesus Boulenger 1898. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: West Africa: Guinea to Cameroon. Habitat: freshwater.

ocellatus, Synodontis notatus var. Poll [M.] 1938:404, Fig. 9 [Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines v. 30 (no. 4); ref. 17167] Near Maka, Londo River, Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype (unique): MRAC 49686. Type catalog: Derijst 1991:68 [ref. 21528], Ferraris 2007:318 [ref. 29155]. Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Synonym of Synodontis notatus Vaillant 1893 -- (Poll 1971:256 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:138 [ref. 6194]). •Synonym of Synodontis notata Vaillant 1893 -- (Ferraris 2007:318 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Synodontis notatus Vaillant 1893. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.

ocellifer, Synodontis Boulenger [G. A.] 1900:514 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1900 (pt 3) (art. 4); ref. 14716] Kunchow Creek, Gambia River, western Africa. Lectotype: BMNH 1901.7.17.7. Paralectotypes: (2) BMNH 1901.7.17.8 (1). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:318 [ref. 29155]. Lectotype selected in Poll 1971:101 [ref. 7700]. •Valid as Synodontis ocellifer Boulenger 1900 -- (Poll 1971:101 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:139 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:557 [ref. 21590], Willoughby 1994:27 [ref. 22047], Dankwa et al. 1999:38 [ref. 28023], Ferraris 2007:318 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis ocellifer Boulenger 1900. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Western Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

omias, Synodontis Günther [A.] 1864:213 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 5; ref. 1974] Jebba, Upper Niger, western Africa. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1863.12.9.3 (skeleton). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:319 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Synodontis omias Günther 1864 -- (Poll 1971:66 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:139 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860], Lévèque et al. 1991:143 [ref. 31367], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:535 [ref. 21590], Willoughby 1994:28 [ref. 22047], Friel & Vigliotta 2006:54 [ref. 28580], Ferraris 2007:319 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis omias Günther 1864. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Western Africa: Niger River basin, Lower Niger-Benue ecoregion endemic. Habitat: freshwater.

orientalis, Synodontis Seegers [L.] 2008:466 [544] [The catfishes of Africa; ref. 29708] Kanga, stream in lower Ruvu River drainage, 16 kilometers west of the Ruvu on the road from Bagamoyo to Tanga, Tanzania, 6°33'S, 38°42'E. Holotype: ZMB 33760. Paratypes: ZMB 13.683 (3), 33761 (5). Original description continued on p. 544. •Valid as Synodontis orientalis Seegers 2008. Current status: Valid as Synodontis orientalis Seegers 2008. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Ruvu River, Tanzania. Habitat: freshwater.

ornatipinnis, Synodontis Boulenger [G. A.] 1899:111, Pl. 43 (fig. 2) [Annales du Musee du Congo (Ser. Zoologie) v. 1 (fasc. 5); ref. 589] Coquilhatville, Democratic Republic of Congo. Lectotype: MRAC 968. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1899.11.27.33-34 (2), MRAC 969 (1). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:319 [ref. 29155]. Lectotype selected by Poll 1971:299 [ref. 7700]. •Valid as Synodontis ornatipinnis Boulenger 1899 -- (Poll 1971:299 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:140 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860], Ferraris 2007:319 [ref. 29155], Skelton 2019:235 [ref. 36564], Munene et al. 2021:24 [ref. 39283]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis ornatipinnis Boulenger 1899. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Southern central Africa: Congo River basin (Democratic Republic of Congo and Angola). Habitat: freshwater.

ornatissimus, Synodontis Gosse [J.-P.] 1982:48 [Cybium 3e série. Bulletin de la Société Française d'Ichtyologie v. 6 (no. 2); ref. 19579] Poko, Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype (unique): MRAC 7144. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:319 [ref. 29155]. Replacement name for Synodontis ornatus Boulenger 1920, preoccupied by Synodontis ornatus Pappenheim 1914. Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Valid as Synodontis ornatissimus Gosse 1982 -- (Gosse 1986:140 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860]). •Valid as Synodontis ornatissima Gosse 1982 -- (Ferraris 2007:319 [ref. 29155], Wright & Page 2008:297 [ref. 29628]). Replacement Name. Current status: Valid as Synodontis ornatissimus Gosse 1982. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Ubangi River and its tributaries, Congo River basin, central Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

ornatus, Synodontis Pappenheim [P.] in Pappenheim & Boulenger 1914:251, Pl. 5 (fig. 2) [Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Zentral-Afrika Expedition, 1907-1908 v. 5 (Zool. 3); ref. 18518] Lake Albert [Lake Albert Nyanza]. Syntypes: ZMB 19097 (8). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:317 [ref. 29155]. •Synonym of Synodontis nigrita Valenciennes 1840 -- (Poll 1971:57 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:135 [ref. 6194], Ferraris 2007:317 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Synodontis nigrita Valenciennes 1840. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.

ornatus, Synodontis Boulenger [G. A.] 1920:29, Fig. 14 [Annales du Musée du Congo Belge Sér. C (Zoologie) (Sér. 1) v. 2 (fasc. 4); ref. 587] Poko, Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype (unique): MRAC 7144. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:319 [ref. 29155]. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Synodontis ornatus Pappenheim 1914, replaced by Synodontis ornatissimus Gosse 1982. Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Valid as Synodontis ornatus Boulenger 1920 -- (Poll 1971:371 [ref. 7700]). •Synonym of Synodontis ornatissima Gosse 1982 -- (Ferraris 2007:319 [ref. 29155]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Synodontis ornatissimus Gosse 1982. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.

ouemeensis, Synodontis Musschoot [T.] & Lalèyè [P.] 2008:1309, Fig. 7 [Journal of Natural History v. 42 (no. 17); ref. 29749] Avagbodji, Oueme River, Benin. Holotype: MRAC 97-007-P-0012. Paratypes: MRAC 97-0007-P-0013-0014 (2). Plus non-type specimens (pp. 1315-1316). •Valid as Synodontis ouemeensis Musschoot & Lalèyè 2008. Current status: Valid as Synodontis ouemeensis Musschoot & Lalèyè 2008. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Western Africa: Ogun, Ouémé, and Mono rivers: Nigeria, Benin and Togo, Bight Drainages ecoregion endemic. Habitat: freshwater.

ovidius, Synodontis Lönnberg [E.] & Rendahl [H.] 1920:173 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 9) v. 6 (no. 31); ref. 15241] Mukimbungu, Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype (unique): NRM 9913. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:316 [ref. 29155]. •Synonym of Synodontis longirostris Boulenger 1902 -- (Gosse 1986:132 [ref. 6194], Ferraris 2007:316 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Synodontis longirostris Boulenger 1902. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.

pantherinus, Synodontis Boulenger [G. A.] 1920:149 [Revue de Zoologie Africaine v. 8 (no. 2); ref. 15234] Avakubi, Ituri River, Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype (unique): MRAC 14513. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:315 [ref. 29155]. •Synonym of Synodontis greshoffi Schilthuis 1891 -- (Poll 1971:245 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:129 [ref. 6194], Ferraris 2007:315 [ref. 29155], Kasongo Ilunga et al. 2019:16 [ref. 36894]). Current status: Synonym of Synodontis greshoffi Schilthuis 1891. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.

pardalis, Synodontis Boulenger [G. A.] 1908:30 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 8) v. 2 (no. 7); ref. 14306] Waterfall of Libi River near Ja River (Congo System) into which it flows, southern Cameroon. Lectotype: BMNH 1909.4.29.91. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1909.4.29.92-94 (2), MRAC 155384 (1). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:319 [ref. 29155]. Lectotype selected in Poll 1971:334 [ref. 7700]. •Valid as Synodontis pardalis Boulenger 1908 -- (Poll 1971:334 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:140 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860], Ferraris 2007:319 [ref. 29155], Wright & Page 2008:297 [ref. 29628]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis pardalis Boulenger 1908. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Ja River, Congo River basin, Cameroon. Habitat: freshwater.

petricola, Synodontis Matthes [M.] 1959:78 [Folia Scientifica Africae Centralis v. 5 (no. 4); ref. 6068] Kashekezi, northern Lake Tanganyika. Holotype: MRAC 130357. Paratypes: BMNH 1936.6.15.1232 (1); MRAC 130358-60 (3), 130361-67 (7), 130368-76 (9), 130377 (1), 130824 (1). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:319 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Synodontis petricola Matthes 1959 -- (Poll 1971:409 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:140 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860], De Vos & Thys van den Audenaerde 1998:149 [ref. 24905], Schraml 2003:63 [ref. 27543], Wright & Page 2006:138 [ref. 28885], Ferraris 2007:319 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis petricola Matthes 1959. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: East central Africa: Lake Tanganyika. Habitat: freshwater.

pfefferi, Synodontis Steindachner [F.] 1912:447 [Anzeiger der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Klasse v. 49 (no. 23) (for 14 Nov. 1912); ref. 18816] Dasha [Dja] River, Moloundou District [East Region], southeastern Cameroon. Holotype (unique): NMW 9023. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:311 [ref. 29155]. Species later illustrated and described in more detail in Steindachner 1913:43, Pl. 8 [ref. 14987]. •Synonym of Synodontis acanthomias Boulenger 1899 -- (Poll 1971:282 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:119 [ref. 6194], Ferraris 2007:311 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Synodontis acanthomias Boulenger 1899. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.

pleurops, Synodontis Boulenger [G. A.] 1897:423 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 6) v. 20 (no. 119) (art. 50); ref. 14629] Stanley [Boyoma] Falls, upper Congo River, Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1897.9.30.13. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:319 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Synodontis pleurops Boulenger 1897 -- (Poll 1971:266 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:141 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860], Ferraris 2007:319 [ref. 29155], Wright & Page 2008:297 [ref. 29628], Kiselkewa et al. 2020:[9] 708 [ref. 38315], Munene et al. 2021:24 [ref. 39283], Stiassny et al. 2021:1687 [ref. 39000]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis pleurops Boulenger 1897. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Central Africa: Congo River basin (Democratic Republic of Congo). Habitat: freshwater.

polli, Synodontis Gosse [J.-P.] 1982:48 [Cybium 3e série. Bulletin de la Société Française d'Ichtyologie v. 6 (no. 2); ref. 19579] Lake Tanganyika. Holotype: MRAC 130440. Paratypes: MRAC 130441-64 (26). Non-types (additional material): MRAC 131009 (1), 130814 (1), 130825 (1). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:319 [ref. 29155]. Replacement name for Synodontis eurystomus Matthes 1959, preoccupied by Synodontis eurystomus Pfeffer 1889. •Valid as Synodontis polli Gosse 1982 -- (Gosse 1986:141 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860], De Vos & Thys van den Audenaerde 1998:149 [ref. 24905], Schraml 2003:65 [ref. 27543], Wright & Page 2006:142 [ref. 28885], Ferraris 2007:319 [ref. 29155]). Replacement Name. Current status: Valid as Synodontis polli Gosse 1982. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Eastern Africa: Lake Tanganyika. Habitat: freshwater.

polyodon, Synodontis Vaillant [L. L.] 1895:Pl. 11 (fig. 1) [Nouvelles Archives du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris (Série 3) v. 7; ref. 17858] Ogooué River around Lastoursville, Gabon [about 0°41'S, 10°13'E]. Holotype: MNHN 1886-0433. Paratypes: MNHN 1886-0434 (1). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1950:49 [ref. 19575], Ferraris 2007:319 [ref. 29155]. Available by indication from plate in Vaillant 1895 [ref. 17858] according to ICZN Art. 12.2.7. Also appeared in Vaillant 1895:48 [ref. 19844] and Vaillant 1896:127, Pl. 9 (fig. 1) [ref. 22256]. •Valid as Synodontis polyodon Vaillant 1895 (sometimes dated 1894) -- (Poll 1971:90 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:141 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860], Friel & Vigliotta 2006:46 [ref. 28580], Ferraris 2007:319 [ref. 29155], Fermon et al. 2007:741 [ref. 30032], De Weirdt et al. 2008:122 [ref. 29869], Vreven & Milondo 2009:100 [ref. 30416], Vreven & Ibala Zamba 2011:359 [ref. 31194], De Weirdt et al. 2021:77 [ref. 38741], Fermon et al. 2022:160 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis polyodon Vaillant 1895. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Western-central Africa: lower Ogooué River basin (Gabon) endemic. Habitat: freshwater.

polystigma, Synodontis Boulenger [G. A.] 1915:170 [Revue de Zoologie Africaine v. 4 (fasc. 2); ref. 15086] Lukonzolwa, Lake Moero [Lake Mweru], Democratic Republic of Congo. Lectotype: MRAC 14174. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1920.5.26.103 (1), MRAC 14175-177 (1, 1, 1). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:319 [ref. 29155]. Lectotype selected by Poll 1971:356 [ref. 7700]. •Valid as Synodontis polystigma Boulenger 1915 -- (Poll 1971:355 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:141 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860], Ferraris 2007:319 [ref. 29155], Wright & Page 2008:297 [ref. 29628]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis polystigma Boulenger 1915. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Congo River basin, central Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

pulcher, Synodontis Poll [M.] 1971:465, Fig. 218; Pls. 7(13), 12(21) [Annales, Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Série in 8o, Sciences Zoologiques No. 191; ref. 7700] Stanley Pool, Congo River basin, Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype (unique): MRAC 168399. Type catalog: Derijst 1991:68 [ref. 21528], Ferraris 2007:319 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Synodontis pulcher Poll 1971 -- (Gosse 1986:142 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860], Ferraris 2007:319 [ref. 29155], Wright & Page 2008:297 [ref. 29628]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis pulcher Poll 1971. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Congo River basin, central Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

punctifer, Synodontis Daget [J.] 1965:472 [Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Série 2) v. 36 (no. 4) (1964); ref. 9209] Nzo at Guglo, Ivory Coast. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1964-0265. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:319 [ref. 29155]. Also in Daget & Iltis 1965:158, Fig. 96 [ref. 13626]. •Valid as Synodontis punctifer Daget 1965 -- (Poll 1971:193 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:142 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:556 [ref. 21590], Ferraris 2007:319 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis punctifer Daget 1965. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Nzi River drainage, Sassandra River basin, Ivory Coast. Habitat: freshwater.

punctulatus, Synodontis Günther [A.] 1889:71, Pl. 8 (fig. A) [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1889 (pt 1); ref. 2015] Ruva River, Arusha region, Tanzania. Lectotype: BMNH 1887.11.3.47. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1887.11.3.48 (1). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:320 [ref. 29155]. Lectotype selected in Poll 1971:233 [ref. 7700]. Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Valid as Synodontis punctulatus Günther 1889 -- (Poll 1971:233 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:142 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860]). •Possible synonym of Synodontis zanzibaricus Peters 1868 -- (De Vos 2001:49 [ref. 25362], Seegers et al. 2003:39 [ref. 28087]). •Valid as Synodontis punctulata Günther 1889 -- (Ferraris 2007:320 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis punctulatus Günther 1889. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Ruwa River, Tanzania; Uebi Shebeli, Somalia, eastern Africa [if valid]. Habitat: freshwater.

punu, Synodontis Vreven [E. J.] & Milondo [L.] 2009:98, Figs. 2-3 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 20 (no. 2); ref. 30416] Doutsila River at Bihongo, 2°48.312'S, 11°45.970'E, Nyanga River basin, Republic of Congo. Holotype: MRAC A5-036-P-001. Paratypes: AMNH 239965 [ex MRAC 99-055-P-1355-1358] (4); MRAC A5-36-P-0002-0003 (2), 91-79-P-326-330 (5), 99-055-P-1347-1354 (8). •Valid as Synodontis punu Vreven & Milondo 2009 -- (Vreven & Ibala Zamba 2011:359 [ref. 31194], Fermon et al. 2022:160 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis punu Vreven & Milondo 2009. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Western-central Africa: Gabon and Republic of Congo. Habitat: freshwater.

rebeli, Synodontis Holly [M.] 1926:157 [Anzeiger der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 63 (no. 18) (for 14 Oct.); ref. 5038] Mbam River, Sanaga River basin, Cameroon. Lectotype: NMW 7796. Paralectotypes: NMW 7797 (1). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:320 [ref. 29155], Bogutskaya et al. 2022:57 [ref. 39277]. Lectotype selected in Poll 1971:155 [ref. 7700]. •Valid as Synodontis rebeli Holly 1926 -- (Poll 1971:155 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:142 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:196 [ref. 12860], Ferraris 2007:320 [ref. 29155], Fermon et al. 2007:749 [ref. 30032], De Weirdt et al. 2008:122 [ref. 29869], Vreven & Milondo 2009:100 [ref. 30416] in obesus/rebeli complex, Vreven & Ibala Zamba 2011:359 [ref. 31194]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis rebeli Holly 1926. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: West Africa: Sanaga River basin (Cameroon). Habitat: freshwater.

resupinatus, Synodontis Boulenger [G. A.] 1904:199, Pl. 8 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1904, v. 1 (pt 1) (art. 3); ref. 15111] Lokoja, northern Nigeria. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1904.1.20.52. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:320 [ref. 29155]. Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Valid as Synodontis resupinatus Boulenger 1904 -- (Poll 1971:117 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:142 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:197 [ref. 12860], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:530 [ref. 21590], Willoughby 1994:26 [ref. 22047]). •Valid as Synodontis resupinata Vulenger 1904 -- (Ferraris 2007:320 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis resupinatus Boulenger 1904. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Niger River basin, western Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

ricardoae, Synodontis Seegers [L.] 1996:245, Figs. 178-180 [Annales, Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Série in 8o, Sciences Zoologiques v. 278; ref. 23725] Kazizi, some kilometers northeast of Muze, northern shore of Lake Rukwa, Rukwa region, western Tanzania, 7°37'N, 31°36'E. Holotype (unique): MRAC 94-34-P-1093. Plus additional non-type material (p. 341-342). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:320 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Synodontis ricardoae Seegers 1996 -- (Ferraris 2007:320 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis ricardoae Seegers 1996. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Lake Rukawa basin, Tanzania. Habitat: freshwater.

robbianus, Synodontis Smith [J. A.] 1875:92, Fig. 1 [Proceedings of the Royal Physical Society of Edinburgh v. 8; ref. 18725] Old Calabar and lower Niger River, West Africa. Syntypes: BMNH 1874.5.23.3 (1) Ikorofiong. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:320 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Synodontis robbianus Smith 1875, but possibly the same as Synodontis schall (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Willoughby 1994:29 [ref. 22047]). •Valid as Synodontis robbianus Smith 1875 -- (Poll 1971:80 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:143 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:197 [ref. 12860] as robianus, Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:552 [ref. 21590], Ferraris 2007:320 [ref. 29155], Musschoot & Lalèyè 2008:1327 [ref. 29749], Fermon et al. 2007:741 [ref. 30032], De Weirdt et al. 2008:122 [ref. 29869], Vreven & Milondo 2009:100 [ref. 30416], Vreven & Ibala Zamba 2011:359 [ref. 31194]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis robbianus Smith 1875. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Western Africa: Lower Niger River and Cross River. Habitat: freshwater.

robertsi, Synodontis Poll [M.] 1974:442, Fig. 1 [Revue de Zoologie Africaine v. 88 (no. 2); ref. 7529] Elombe, Lukenie River, Democratic Republic of Congo, 2°49'S, 18°14'E. Holotype (unique): MRAC 189535. Type catalog: Derijst 1991:68 [ref. 21528], Ferraris 2007:320 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Synodontis robertsi Poll 1974 -- (Gosse 1986:143 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:197 [ref. 12860], Ferraris 2007:320 [ref. 29155], Stiassny et al. 2021:1687 [ref. 39000]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis robertsi Poll 1974. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Central Africa: Congo River basin (Democratic Republic of Congo). Habitat: freshwater.

ruandae, Synodontis Matthes [H.] 1959:62 [Folia Scientifica Africae Centralis v. 5 (no. 3); ref. 11929] Kagera at Rusumu, Rwanda. Holotype: MRAC 130345. Paratypes: (14) MRAC 87703-07 (5), 91859-61 (3), 99807-11 (5), 130346-55 (10), 130356 (1). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:320 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Synodontis ruandae Matthes 1959 -- (Poll 1971:178 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:143 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:197 [ref. 12860], Ferraris 2007:320 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis ruandae Matthes 1959. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Kagera River basin, Nile-Victoria system, eastern central Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

rufigiensis, Synodontis Bailey [R. G.] 1968:346, Fig. 1 [Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines v. 77 (nos 3-4); ref. 7860] Lake Lugongwe, at Utete on the lower Rufiji River, Tanzania, East Africa. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1968.6.12.1. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:320 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Synodontis rufigiensis Bailey 1968 -- (Poll 1971:428 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:143 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:197 [ref. 12860], Ferraris 2007:320 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis rufigiensis Bailey 1968. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Rufiji R, basin, Tanzania, eastern Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

rukwaensis, Synodontis zambezensis Hilgendorf [F. M.] & Pappenheim [P.] 1903:267 [Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin 1903 (no. 6); ref. 15031] Lake Rukwa, southwestern Tanzania. Lectotype: ZMB 16311. Paralectotypes: CM [ex ZMB 16310] (1, whereabouts unknown); ZMB 16310 (5), 16312 (4), 32380 [ex 16361] (2). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:320 [ref. 29155]. Lectotype selected by Seegers 1996:249 [ref. 23725]. •Synonym of Synodontis zambesensis Peters 1852 -- (Gosse 1986:151 [ref. 6194] as zambezensis). •Valid as Synodontis rukwaensis Hilgendorf & Pappenheim 1903 -- (Seegers 1996:248 [ref. 23725], De Vos & Thys van den Audenaerde 1998:149 [ref. 24905], De Vos et al. 2001:131 [ref. 26059], Ferraris 2007:320 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis rukwaensis Hilgendorf & Pappenheim 1903. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Tanzania, eastern Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

ruppelli, Synodontes Swainson [W.] 1838:339, Fig. 82 [The natural history and classification of fishes, amphibians, & reptiles, or monocardian animals. v. 1; ref. 4302] No locality. No types known. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:304 [ref. 29155]. Genus should have been Synodontis. Specific name ruppelli is correct, Kullander 2016:94 [ref. 34436]. •Synonym of Brachysynodontis batensoda (Rüppell 1832) -- (Grant 2004:13 [ref. 28594], Ferraris 2007:304 [ref. 29155]). •Synonym of Synodontis batensoda Rüppell 1832. Current status: Synonym of Synodontis batensoda Rüppell 1832. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.

schall, Silurus Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.] (ex Sonnini) 1801:385 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] Assouan, Nile River, Egypt. Neotype: MNHN 1898-0131. Type catalog: Paepke 1999:99 [ref. 24282], Ferraris 2007:320 [ref. 29155]. Based on the 'schall' of Sonnini 1799:278, Pl. 21 (fig. 2) [ref. 18738]. Neotype designated by Musschoot & Lalèyè 2008:1319 [ref. 29749]; holotype ZMB 3110 is lost. •Valid as Synodontis schall (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Poll 1971:48 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:143 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:197 [ref. 12860], Lévêque et al. 1989:120 [ref. 26480], Paugy & Bénech 1989:303 [ref. 26478], Lévèque et al. 1991:144 [ref. 31367], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:561 [ref. 21590], Willoughby 1994:27 [ref. 22047], Dankwa et al. 1999:38 [ref. 28023], De Vos 2001:49 [ref. 25362], Seegers et al. 2003:39 [ref. 28087] with author as Schneider, Ferraris 2007:320 [ref. 29155], Musschoot & Lalèyè 2008:1319 [ref. 29749], De Weirdt et al. 2008:122 [ref. 29869], Vreven & Milondo 2009:100 [ref. 30416], Vreven & Ibala Zamba 2011:359 [ref. 31194], Neumann et al. 2016:306 [ref. 35036], Akoth et al. 2023:13 [ref. 40069]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis schall (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Northern Africa: Nile basin and Lake Turkana. Habitat: freshwater.

schoutedeni, Synodontis David [L.] 1936:416 [Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines v. 28 (no. 3); ref. 13690] Kunungu, 2°2'34.89"S, 16°19'20.92"E, Democratic Republic of Congo. Lectotype: MRAC 38093. Paralectotypes: (74) MRAC 16716 (1), 17534-36 (3), 17537 (1), 29694 (1), 30116 (1), 31712-13 (2), 38094-96 (3), 38360-76 (17), 38601 (1), 42912 (1); MNHN 1886-0430 and 0431 (2) Makaka. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1950:52 [ref. 19575], Ferraris 2007:321 [ref. 29155]. Lectotype selected by Poll 1971:393 [ref. 7700]. •Valid as Synodontis schoutedeni David 1936 -- (Poll 1971:393 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:145 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:197 [ref. 12860], Ferraris 2007:321 [ref. 29155], Stiassny et al. 2021:1687 [ref. 39000], Fermon et al. 2022:160 [ref. 39448] with question). Current status: Valid as Synodontis schoutedeni David 1936. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Western-central Africa: Congo River basin (Democratic Republic of Congo). Habitat: freshwater.

serpentis, Synodontis Whitehead [P. J. P.] 1962:100, Figs. 1A, 1B [Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines v. 65 (no. 1-2); ref. 6549] Athi River at Jilore, Kenya. Holotype: BMNH 1962.1.19.1. Paratypes: BMNH 1962.1.19.2-12 (4 of 11), MRAC 165765 (1). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:321 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Synodontis serpentis Whitehead 1962 -- (Poll 1971:420 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:146 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:197 [ref. 12860], De Vos 2001:48 [ref. 25362], Seegers et al. 2003:39 [ref. 28087], Ferraris 2007:321 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis serpentis Whitehead 1962. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Athi and Tana River basins, Kenya. Habitat: freshwater.

serratus, Synodontis Rüppell [W. P. E. S.] 1829:8, Pl. 2 (fig. 1) [Beschreibung und Abbildung mehrerer neuer Fische, im Nil entdeckt 1829; ref. 22233] Cairo, Egypt. Holotype (unique): SMF 2649 (dry). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:321 [ref. 29155]. Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Valid as Synodontis serrata Rüppell 1829 -- (Ferraris 2007:321 [ref. 29155], Friel & Sullivan 2008:11 [ref. 29726]). •Valid as Synodontis serratus Rüppell 1829 -- (Poll 1971:53 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:146 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:197 [ref. 12860], Neumann et al. 2016:306 [ref. 35036], Akoth et al. 2023:13 [ref. 40069]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis serratus Rüppell 1829. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Northeastern Africa: Nile River basin. Habitat: freshwater.

smithii, Synodontis Günther [A.] 1896:222, Pl. 9 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1896 (pt 1) (art. 2) (for 4 Feb. 1896); ref. 14606] Lake Stephanie, East Africa. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1895.12.31.68. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:321 [ref. 29155]. •Synonym of Synodontis schall (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Poll 1971:48 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:145 [ref. 6194], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:561 [ref. 21590], Ferraris 2007:321 [ref. 29155], Musschoot & Lalèyè 2008:1325 [ref. 29749]). Current status: Synonym of Synodontis schall (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.

smiti, Synodontis Boulenger [G. A.] 1902:45, Pl. 12 (fig. 3) [Annales du Musee du Congo (Ser. Zoologie) v. 2 (fasc. 2); ref. 562] Ubangi River at Banzyville, Democratic Republic of Congo, about 4°18'N, 21°11'E. Lectotype: MRAC 1266. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1901.12.26.44 (1). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:321 [ref. 29155]. Lectotype selected in Poll 1971:316 [ref. 7700]. •Valid as Synodontis smiti Boulenger 1902 -- (Poll 1971:316 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:146 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:197 [ref. 12860], Ferraris 2007:321 [ref. 29155], Kiselkewa et al. 2020:[9] 708 [ref. 38315], Munene et al. 2021:24 [ref. 39283]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis smiti Boulenger 1902. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Central Africa: Congo River basin (Democratic Republic of Congo). Habitat: freshwater.

soloni, Synodontis Boulenger [G. A.] 1899:110, Pl. 43 (fig. 1) [Annales du Musee du Congo (Ser. Zoologie) v. 1 (fasc. 5); ref. 589] Congo. Lectotype: MRAC 155385. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1899.6.27.54 (1). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:321 [ref. 29155]. Lectotype selected by Poll 1971:296 [ref. 7700]. •Valid as Synodontis soloni Boulenger 1899 -- (Poll 1971:296 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:147 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:197 [ref. 12860], Willoughby 1994:29 [ref. 22047], Ferraris 2007:321 [ref. 29155], Munene et al. 2021:24 [ref. 39283]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis soloni Boulenger 1899. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Central Africa: Congo River basin. Habitat: freshwater.

sorex, Synodontis Günther [A.] 1864:211 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 5; ref. 1974] Upper Nile River at Khartoum, Sudan. Lectotype: BMNH 1862.6.17.69. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1862.6.17.65 (1). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:321 [ref. 29155]. Lectotype selected by Poll 1971:65 [ref. 7700]. •Valid as Synodontis sorex Günther 1864 -- (Poll 1971:64 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:147 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:197 [ref. 12860], Lévèque et al. 1991:144 [ref. 31367], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:537 [ref. 21590], Willoughby 1994:27 [ref. 22047], Dankwa et al. 1999:37 [ref. 28023], De Vos 2001:48 [ref. 25362], Ferraris 2007:321 [ref. 29155], Neumann et al. 2016:306 [ref. 35036]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis sorex Günther 1864. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Northern Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

steindachneri, Synodontis Boulenger [G. A.] 1913:69 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 8) v. 12 (no. 67); ref. 14948] Nyong River, southern Cameroon. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1913.10.29.16. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:321 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Synodontis steindachneri Boulenger 1913 -- (Poll 1971:146 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:147 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:197 [ref. 12860], Ferraris 2007:321 [ref. 29155], Fermon et al. 2007:745 [ref. 30032], De Weirdt et al. 2008:122 [ref. 29869], Vreven & Milondo 2009:100 [ref. 30416], Vreven & Ibala Zamba 2011:359 [ref. 31194]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis steindachneri Boulenger 1913. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Western Africa: Nyong River, Cameroon. Habitat: freshwater.

synodontis, Pimelodus Geoffroy St. Hilaire [E.] 1809:[308], Pl. 12 (figs. 5-6) [Poissons du Nil v. 1 (part 1); ref. 4182] Nile River. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000-4194. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:313 [ref. 29155]. Original spelling in text is synodontes, synodontis in plate caption published in 1809. Publication date of text uncertain. possibly 1817 or 1818. Name possibly changed to avoid tautonomy. The page number is from a different edition. •Synonym of Synodontis clarias (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Poll 1971:44 [ref. 7700], Paugy & Roberts in Lévêque et al. 1992:533 [ref. 21590] as synodontes, Ferraris 2007:313 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Synodontis clarias (Linnaeus 1758). Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.

tanganaicae, Synodontis serratus Borodin [N. A.] 1936:9 [Zoologische Jahrbücher, Abteilung für Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere (Jena) v. 68 (no. 1); ref. 13684] Kasanga, Lake Tanganyika. Lectotype: MCZ 32538. Paralectotypes: MCZ 148517 (1). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:321 [ref. 29155]. Lectotype selected by De Vos & Thys van den Audenaerde 1998:148 [ref. 24905]. In the original description, Borodin spelled the name tanganaicae 2 ways, including the main heading (once as tanganyicae, p. 3) and used the same spelling for other taxa; the selection as tanganyicae by De Vos & Thys van den Audenaerde 1998:148 (footnote) [ref. 24905] is apparently against the wishes of the original author, but it is perhaps the first valid first reviser action. However, the emending spelling tanganaicae may have been established earlier (see De Vos & Thys van den Audenaerde 1998:148 [ref. 24905]). •Possible synonym of Synodontis serratus Rüppell 1829 -- (Gosse 1986:146 [ref. 6194]). •Valid as Synodontis tanganaicae Borodin 1936 -- (Schraml 2003:18 [ref. 27544], Ferraris 2007:321 [ref. 29155]). •Valid as Synodontis tanganyicae Borodin 1936 -- (De Vos & Thys van den Audenaerde 1998:147 [ref. 24905], Wright & Page 2006:147 [ref. 28885]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis tanganyicae Borodin 1936. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: East central Africa: Lake Tanganyika. Habitat: freshwater.

tenuis, Synodontis Nichols [J. T.] & Griscom [L.] 1917:717, Fig. 25 [Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History v. 37 (art. 25); ref. 3185] Kisangani, Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype (unique): AMNH 6535. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:321 [ref. 29155]. •Synonym of Synodontis smiti Boulenger 1902 -- (Poll 1971:316 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:147 [ref. 6194], Ferraris 2007:321 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Synodontis smiti Boulenger 1902. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.

tessmanni, Synodontis Pappenheim [P.] 1911:523, Fig. 5 [Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin v. 5 (no. 3); ref. 14797] West Africa. Holotype: ZMB 18413. Paratypes: ZMB 22624 (1), ?22625 (3). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:322 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Synodontis tessmanni Pappenheim 1911 -- (Poll 1971:141 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:148 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:197 [ref. 12860], Friel & Vigliotta 2006:46 [ref. 28580], Ferraris 2007:322 [ref. 29155], Fermon et al. 2007:745 [ref. 30032], De Weirdt et al. 2008:122 [ref. 29869], Vreven & Milondo 2009:100 [ref. 30416], Vreven & Ibala Zamba 2011:359 [ref. 31194], Fermon et al. 2022:160 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis tessmanni Pappenheim 1911. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Western-central Africa: Cameroon south to Gabon. Habitat: freshwater.

thamalakanensis, Synodontis Fowler [H. W.] 1935:274, Fig. 12 [Annals of the Transvaal Museum v. 16 (pt 2); ref. 1423] Thamalakane River at Maun, Botswana. Holotype: ANSP 53245. Paratypes: TMP 15305 [ex ANSP 53246] (1) [? now at SAIAB [formerly RUSI]]. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:127 [ref. 13621], Ferraris 2007:322 [ref. 29155]. •Synonym of Synodontis woosmani Boulenger 1911 -- (Poll 1971:342 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:150 [ref. 6194]). •Valid as Synodontis thamalakanensis Fowler 1935 -- (Skelton & White 1990:280 [ref. 13608], Skelton 1993:256 [ref. 24071], Skelton 2001:256 [ref. 27406], Ferraris 2007:322 [ref. 29155], Marshall 2011:186 [ref. 31755], Bruton et al. 2018:79 [ref. 36373], Skelton 2019:235 [ref. 36564]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis thamalakanensis Fowler 1935. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Southern Africa: Okavago and upper Zambezi River systems. Habitat: freshwater.

tholloni, Synodontis Boulenger [G. A.] 1901:304 [footnote] [Les poissons du Bassin du Congo; ref. 14744] Ogôoué basin of Gabon (?). Holotype (unique): MNHN 1890-0030. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:311 [ref. 29155]. Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Synonym of Synodontis angelica Schilthuis 1891 -- (Ferraris 2007:311 [ref. 29155]). •Synonym of Synodontis angelicus Schilthuis 1891 -- (Poll 1971:238 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:120 [ref. 6194]). Current status: Synonym of Synodontis angelicus Schilthuis 1891. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.

thomasi, Synodontis Chabanaud [P.] 1934:219 [Faune des Colonies Françaises v. 5 (no. 4); ref. 20284] French Equatorial Africa. No types known. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:313 [ref. 29155]. Described as a "species aut subspecies nova" under the account of Synodontis courteti Pellegrin. •Synonym of Synodontis courteti Pellegrin 1906 -- (Gosse 1986:124 [ref. 6194], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:541 [ref. 21590], Ferraris 2007:313 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Synodontis courteti Pellegrin 1906. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.

thysi, Synodontis Poll [M.] 1971:210, Fig. 100; Pls. 3 (16), 10 (6) [Annales, Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Série in 8o, Sciences Zoologiques No. 191; ref. 7700] Manpe-Ferry, Little Scarcies or Kaba River, Sierra Leone. Holotype (unique): MRAC 168314. Type catalog: Derijst 1991:68 [ref. 21528], Ferraris 2007:322 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Synodontis thysi Poll 1971 -- (Gosse 1986:148 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:197 [ref. 12860], Lévêque et al. 1989:120 [ref. 26480], Paugy et al. 1990:340 [ref. 26477], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:537 [ref. 21590], Ferraris 2007:322 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis thysi Poll 1971. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Sierra Leone, western Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

tourei, Synodontis Daget [J.] 1962:113, Fig. 38; Pl. 11 (figs. 24-25) [Mémoires de l'Institut français d'Afrique Noire No. 65; ref. 5866] Bafing at Ballay, Guinea. Lectotype: MNHN 1959-0109. Paralectotypes: MNHN B-2645 [ex MNHN 1959-0109] (3). Additional material: ?MNHN 1959-0155 (8 or 9). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:322 [ref. 29155]. Lectotype selected by Poll 1971:185 [ref. 7700]. •Valid as Synodontis tourei Daget 1962 -- (Poll 1971:185 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:148 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:197 [ref. 12860], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:558 [ref. 21590], Ferraris 2007:322 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis tourei Daget 1962. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Senegal River system, Guinea. Habitat: freshwater.

truncatus, Synodontis marmoratus Holly [M.] 1927:8 [Anzeiger der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse v. 64 (no. 1) (for 13 Jan. 1927); ref. 15851] Yaoundé, Nyong River, Cameroon. No types known. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:317 [ref. 29155], Bogutskaya et al. 2022:56 [ref. 39277]. Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Synonym of Synodontis marmorata Lönnberg 1895 -- (Ferraris 2007:317 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Synodontis marmoratus Lönnberg 1895. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.

unicolor, Synodontis Boulenger [G. A.] 1915:170 [Revue de Zoologie Africaine v. 4 (fasc. 2); ref. 15086] Kasenga, Luapula River, Democratic Republic of Congo. Lectotype: MRAC 14223. Paralectotypes: MRAC 14122 (1). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:322 [ref. 29155]. Lectotype selected by Poll 1971:359 [ref. 7700]. •Valid as Synodontis unicolor Boulenger 1915 -- (Poll 1971:359 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:148 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:197 [ref. 12860], Ferraris 2007:322 [ref. 29155], Kasongo Ilunga et al. 2019:17 [ref. 36894]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis unicolor Boulenger 1915. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Central Africa: Luapula-Moero system, Congo River basin (Democratic Republic of Congo). Habitat: freshwater.

vaillanti, Synodontis Boulenger [G. A.] 1897:424 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 6) v. 20 (no. 119) (art. 50); ref. 14629] Upper Ubanghi River, Congo River basin, Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1892-0275 (dry). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:323 [ref. 29155]. Based on Synodontis labeo of Vaillant 1896:112, fig. [ref. 22256]. •Status uncertain -- (Gosse 1986:148 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:197 [ref. 12860]). •Species inquirenda in Synodontis -- (Ferraris 2007:323 [ref. 29155]). Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Central Africa [if valid]. Habitat: freshwater.

vanderwaali, Synodontis Skelton [P. H.] & White [P. N.] 1990:284, Figs. 5 (a-b) [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 1 (no. 3); ref. 13608] Okavango River, Namibia. Holotype: AMG P5796.6. Paratypes: AMG P5796.11 (1); SAIAB [formerly RUSI] 18734 (1), 22237 (3), 25521 (3). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:322 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Synodontis vanderwaali Skelton & White 1990 -- (Skelton 1993:256 [ref. 24071], Burgess & Finley 1996:165 [ref. 22901], Skelton 2001:256 [ref. 27406], Ferraris 2007:322 [ref. 29155], Marshall 2011:187 [ref. 31755], Bruton et al. 2018:80 [ref. 36373], Skelton 2019:235 [ref. 36564]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis vanderwaali Skelton & White 1990. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Southern Africa: Cunene, Okavango and upper Zambezi basins. Habitat: freshwater.

velifer, Synodontis Norman [J. R.] 1935:219, Fig. 3 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 10) v. 15 (no. 86, art. 17); ref. 13915] Ejura, Ghana. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1934.8.31.146. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:322 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Synodontis velifer Norman 1935 -- (Poll 1971:163 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:149 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:197 [ref. 12860], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:547 [ref. 21590], Dankwa et al. 1999:38 [ref. 28023], Ferraris 2007:322 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis velifer Norman 1935. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Sassandra, Bandama and Volta River basins, western Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

vermiculatus, Synodontis Daget [J.] 1954:292, Fig. 109 [Mémoires de l'Institut français d'Afrique Noire No. 36; ref. 11989] Mopti, Niger River, Mali. Neotype: MNHN 1961-1129. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:322 [ref. 29155]. Neotype designated by Poll 1971:170 [ref. 7700]. Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Valid as Synodontis vermiculatus Daget 1954 -- (Poll 1971:170 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:149 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:197 [ref. 12860], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:536 [ref. 21590], Willoughby 1994:26 [ref. 22047]). •Valid as Synodontis vermiculata Daget 1954 -- (Ferraris 2007:322 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis vermiculatus Daget 1954. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Niger River basin, western Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

victoriae, Synodontis Boulenger [G. A.] 1906:438 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 17 (no. 101) (art. 49); ref. 574] Entebbe, Uganda, Lake Victoria [Victoria Nyanza]. Lectotype: BMNH 1906.5.30.191. Paralectotype: BMNH 1906.5.30.190 (1). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:322 [ref. 29155]. Incorrect lectotype selection by Poll 1971:120 [ref. 7700]. Lectotype selection by Englmaier & Collins 2023:70 [ref. 40575]. •Valid as Synodontis victoriae Boulenger 1906 -- (Poll 1971:120 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:149 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:197 [ref. 12860], De Vos & Thys van den Audenaerde 1998:149 [ref. 24905], De Vos 2001:49 [ref. 25362], De Vos et al. 2001:131 [ref. 26059], Seegers et al. 2003:39 [ref. 28087], Ferraris 2007:322 [ref. 29155], Akoth et al. 2023:13 [ref. 40069], Englmaier & Collins 2023:70 [ref. 40575]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis victoriae Boulenger 1906. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: East Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

violaceus, Synodontis Pellegrin [J.] 1919:212 [Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France v. 44 (no. 5/7); ref. 15224] Gribingui River, Congo. Lectotype: MNHN 1919-0246. Paralectotypes: MNHN 1919-0247 (1). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1950:50 [ref. 19575], Ferraris 2007:322 [ref. 29155]. Lectotype selected by Poll 1971:149 [ref. 7700]. Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Valid as Synodontis violaceus Pellegrin 1919 -- (Poll 1971:149 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:149 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:197 [ref. 12860], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:539 [ref. 21590], Willoughby 1994:27, 29 [ref. 22047], Dankwa et al. 1999:37 [ref. 28023]). •Valid as Synodontis violacea Pellegrin 1919 -- (Ferraris 2007:322 [ref. 29155], Fermon et al. 2007:747 [ref. 30032], De Weirdt et al. 2008:122 [ref. 29869], Vreven & Milondo 2009:100 [ref. 30416], Vreven & Ibala Zamba 2011:359 [ref. 31194], De Weirdt et al. 2023:[4] [ref. 40468]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis violaceus Pellegrin 1919. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Western Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

vittatus, Synodontis Boulenger [G. A.] 1920:31, Pl. 25 [Annales du Musée du Congo Belge Sér. C (Zoologie) (Sér. 1) v. 2 (fasc. 4); ref. 587] Kisangani, Democratic Republic of Congo. Lectotype: MRAC 7119. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1919.9.10.277-280 (4), MRAC 7120-24 (5), 7125-31 (7), 7132-35 (4). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:314 [ref. 29155]. Lectotype selected by Poll 1971 [ref. 7700]. Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Synonym of Synodontis decorus Boulenger 1899 -- (Poll 1971:291 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:125 [ref. 6194]). •Synonym of Synodontis decora Boulenger 1899 -- (Ferraris 2007:314 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Synodontis decorus Boulenger 1899. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.

voltae, Synodontis Roman [B.] 1975:45, Fig. [Notes et documents voltaïques: bulletin trimestriel d'information scientifique, Centre Voltaïque de la Recherche Scientifique. v. 8 (no. 2); ref. 7280] Bougouriba River, Upper Volta. Holotype: MHV V5641. Paratypes: MHV V5642 (1), MHV V5643-5653 (11). Additional material: MRAC 76-53-P-1 (1). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:323 [ref. 29155]. •Synonym of Synodontis sorex (Günther 1864) -- (Lévèque et al. 1991:144 [ref. 31367]). •Valid as Synodontis voltae Roman 1975 -- (Gosse 1986:150 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:197 [ref. 12860], Ferraris 2007:323 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis voltae Roman 1975. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Western Africa: upper Volta River basin, Volta ecoregion endemic. Habitat: freshwater.

wamiensis, Synodontis Lohberger [K.] 1930:91, Fig. 1 [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 89 (nos 3/4); ref. 16106] Tanganyika Territory [Tanzania]. Holotype (unique): NMW 18866. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:320 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Synodontis wamiensis Lohberger 1930 -- (Poll 1971:386 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:150 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:197 [ref. 12860]). •Synonym of Synodontis rukwaensis Hilgendorf & Pappenheim 1903 -- (Seegers 1996:248 [ref. 23725], Ferraris 2007:320 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Synodontis rukwaensis Hilgendorf & Pappenheim 1903. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.

waterloti, Synodontis Daget [J.] 1962:111, Fig. 37; Pl. 10 (fig. 23) [Mémoires de l'Institut français d'Afrique Noire No. 65; ref. 5866] Friguiagbé, near Kindia, Guinea. Holotype: MNHN 1935-0223. Paratypes: MNHN 1959-0154 (4). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:323 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Synodontis waterloti Daget 1962 -- (Poll 1971:182 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:150 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:197 [ref. 12860], Lévêque et al. 1989:120 [ref. 26480], Paugy et al. 1990:340 [ref. 26477], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:551 [ref. 21590], Ferraris 2007:323 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis waterloti Daget 1962. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Western Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

werneri, Synodontis Boeseman [M.] 1957:146, Pl. 5 [Zoologische Mededeelingen (Leiden) v. 35 (no. 11); ref. 12132] Stanley Pool, Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype: RMNH 20913. Paratypes: RMNH 23486 (3). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:311 [ref. 29155]. •Synonym of Synodontis angelica Schilthuis 1891 -- (Ferraris 2007:311 [ref. 29155]). •Synonym of Synodontis angelicus Schilthuis 1891 -- (Poll 1971:238 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:120 [ref. 6194]). Current status: Synonym of Synodontis angelicus Schilthuis 1891. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.

woleuensis, Synodontis Friel [J. P.] & Sullivan [J. P.] 2008:4, Fig. 1 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 157; ref. 29726] Ébeigne, Woleu River at bridge on Oyem-Mitzic Road, 1.4500°N, 11.5980°E, Woleu-Ntem Province, Gabon. Holotype: CUMV 90993. Paratypes: AMNH 239445 (1); CUMV 80633 (12); MRAC A1-070-P-2755-2763 (9); SIAB 79462 (1). Plus non-type material. •Valid as Synodontis woleuensis Friel & Sullivan 2008 -- (De Weirdt et al. 2008:122 [ref. 29869], Vreven & Milondo 2009:100 [ref. 30416], Vreven & Ibala Zamba 2011:359 [ref. 31194], Fermon et al. 2022:160 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis woleuensis Friel & Sullivan 2008. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Western-central Africa: Equatorial Guinea and Gabon. IUCN (2010): Data Deficient. Habitat: freshwater.

woosnami, Synodontis Boulenger [G. A.] 1911:424, Fig. 319 [Catalogue of the fresh-water fishes of Africa v. 2; ref. 579] Okovango River, Lake Ngami District, Bechuanaland [Botswana], southern Africa. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1910.5.31.36. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:323 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Synodontis woosnami Boulenger 1911 -- (Poll 1971:342 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:150 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:197 [ref. 12860], Skelton & White 1990:280 [ref. 13608], Skelton 1993:252 [ref. 24071], Skelton 2001:252 [ref. 27406], Ferraris 2007:323 [ref. 29155], Marshall 2011:183 [ref. 31755], Bruton et al. 2018:76 [ref. 36373], Skelton 2019:235 [ref. 36564]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis woosnami Boulenger 1911. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Southern Africa: Cunene, Okavango and upper Zambezi River basins. Habitat: freshwater.

xiphias, Synodontis Günther [A.] 1864:215 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 5; ref. 1974] Niger, western Africa. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1863.11.9.1 (dry). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:323 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Synodontis xiphias Günther 1864 -- (Poll 1971:74 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:150 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:197 [ref. 12860], •Synonym of Synodontis gambiensis Günther 1864 -- (Ferraris 2007:315 [ref. 29155]). , Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1992:542 [ref. 21590], Willoughby 1994:28 [ref. 22047], Ferraris 2007:323 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis xiphias Günther 1864. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Niger River basin, western Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

zambesensis, Synodontis Günther [A.] (ex Peters) 1864:214 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 5; ref. 1974] Zambezi River. Lectotype: ZMB 3119. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:323 [ref. 29155]. Quoted from Peters manuscript, but validly proposed as Synodontis zambezensis by Peters 1852; regarded as an unjustified emendation. Lectotype selected by Poll 1971 for zambezensis. •In the synonymy of Synodontis zambezensis Peters 1852 -- (Ferraris 2007:323 [ref. 29155]). Unjustified Emend.. Current status: Synonym of Synodontis zambezensis Peters 1852. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.

zambezensis, Synodontis Peters [W. (C. H.)] 1852:682 [Bericht über die zur Bekanntmachung geeigneten Verhandlungen der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1852; ref. 18539] Zambezi River, Mozambique. Lectotype: ZMB 3119. Paralectotypes: ZMB 3115-18 (1, 1, 3, 1). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:323 [ref. 29155]. Also in Peters 1868:31, Pl. 5 (figs. 2-3) [ref. 3440] as zambezensis. Incorrect spelling zambesensis dates to Peters manuscript as quoted in Günther 1864. Lectotype selected by Poll 1971:225 [ref. 7700]. •Valid as Synodontis zambezensis Peters 1852 -- (Poll 1971:225 [ref. 7700] as zambesensis, Gosse 1986:151 [ref. 6194] as zambezensis, Burgess 1989:197 [ref. 12860] as zambesensis, Skelton & White 1990:280 [ref. 13608], Skelton 1993:249 [ref. 24071], Seegers 1996:249 [ref. 23725], De Vos 2001:49 [ref. 25362], Skelton 2001:249 [ref. 27406], Ferraris 2007:323 [ref. 29155], Marshall 2011:176 [ref. 31755]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis zambezensis Peters 1852. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Southeastern Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

zanzibaricus, Synodontis Peters [W. (C. H.)] 1868:600 [Monatsberichte der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1868; ref. 3443] Mombasa, Kenya. Lectotype: ZMB 6846. Paralectotypes: ?ZMB 22650 [ex ZMB 2646] (2). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:323 [ref. 29155]. Lectotype selected by Poll 1971:229 [ref. 7700], but only a single specimen is explicitly mentioned by Peters, and without other evidence it would be the holotype. Also appeared as new in Peters 1869:145 [ref. 27674]. Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Valid as Synodontis zanzibaricus Peters 1868 -- (Poll 1971:229 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:151 [ref. 6194], Burgess 1989:197 [ref. 12860], De Vos 2001:48 [ref. 25362], Seegers et al. 2003:39 [ref. 28087]). •Valid as Synodontis zanzibarica Peters 1868 -- (Ferraris 2007:323 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Synodontis zanzibaricus Peters 1868. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Distribution: Kenya, eastern Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

zonatus, Synodontis angelicus var. Poll [M.] 1933:134, Fig. 11 [Annales du Musée du Congo Belge Sér. C (Zoologie) (Sér. 1) v. 3 (pt 3); ref. 16518] Lukulu River, Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype: MRAC 37904. Paratypes: MRAC 36362-65 (4). Type catalog: Derijst 1991:66 [ref. 21528], Ferraris 2007:311 [ref. 29155] Gender of genus treated by us as masculine. •Synonym of Synodontis angelica Schilthuis 1891 -- (Ferraris 2007:311 [ref. 29155]). •Synonym of Synodontis angelicus Schilthuis 1891 -- (Poll 1971:238 [ref. 7700], Gosse 1986:120 [ref. 6194]). Current status: Synonym of Synodontis angelicus Schilthuis 1891. Mochokidae: Mochokinae. Habitat: freshwater.