Please look in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes for authorships of sections, Families of Fishes (all), and related information.

Species in the genus Thalassoma: [ 131 ] records

abhortani, Julis Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1839:459 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 13; ref. 1007] Mauritius, Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000-0143. Type catalog: Bauchot 1963:47 [ref. 19171]. •Synonym of Thalassoma trilobatum (Lacepède 1801) -- (Fricke 1999:446 [ref. 24106], Parenti & Randall 2000:47 [ref. 24943], Randall & Victor 2022:262 [ref. 39916]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma trilobatum (Lacepède 1801). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

aeruginosus, Julis Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1839:441 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 13; ref. 1007] Mauritius, Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean. Syntypes: MNHN A-9185 (1), 595 (1). Type catalog: Bauchot 1963:47 [ref. 19171]. •Synonym of Thalassoma purpureum (Forsskål 1775) -- (Randall & Edwards 1985:23 [ref. 17448], Fricke 1999:446 [ref. 24106], Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943], Randall & Victor 2022:260 [ref. 39916]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma purpureum (Forsskål 1775). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

albolineum, Thalassoma Nichols [J. T.] 1941:1, Fig. 6 [American Museum Novitates No. 1154; ref. 13109] Bali, Indonesia. Holotype: AMNH 14999. Paratypes: AMNH 20938 (1). •Synonym of Thalassoma quinquevittatum (Lay & Bennett 1839) -- (Randall & Edwards 1985:27 [ref. 17448], Parenti & Randall 2000:47 [ref. 24943], Randall 2007:346 [ref. 30952]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma quinquevittatum (Lay & Bennett 1839). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

amblycephalus, Julis (Julis) Bleeker [P.] 1856:83 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 11 (no. 1); ref. 16856] Ora Malang, southeastern Java, Indonesia. Syntypes: (2), whereabouts unknown. Neotype designation by Fricke 1999:434 [ref. 24106] is invalid; see Fricke 2000:639 [ref. 24537]. The species epithet is treated as a noun in apposition. •Valid as Thalassoma amblycephalum (Bleeker 1856) -- (Araga in Masuda et al. 1984:205 [ref. 6441], Randall 1986:704 [ref. 5706], Allen & Swainston 1988:120 [ref. 25477], Paulin et al. 1989:207 [ref. 24556], Winterbottom et al. 1989:56 [ref. 13251], Randall et al. 1990:336 [ref. 15987], Kuiter 1993:287 [ref. 23929], Francis 1993:165 [ref. 25479], Allen 1997:194 [ref. 23977], Kuiter 1997:302 [ref. 25488], Randall et al. 1997:336 [ref. 25919], Myers 1999:201 [ref. 23965], Fricke 1999:433 [ref. 24106], Johnson 1999:745 [ref. 25471], Parenti & Randall 2000:44 [ref. 24943], Westneat in Randall & Lim 2000:629 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:989 [ref. 25182], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:369 [ref. 25191], Randall & Earle 2000:17 [ref. 25806], Allen 2000:114 [ref. 25868], Hutchins 2001:269 [ref. 25841], Hutchins 2001:39 [ref. 25847], Westneat 2001:3461 [ref. 26277], Nakabo 2002:989 [ref. 26193], Allen & Adrim 2003:51 [ref. 26830], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S115 [ref. 27377], Bernardi et al. 2004:371 [ref. 27454], Myers & Donaldson 2003:636 [ref. 27495], Randall et al. 2004:23 [ref. 27624], Heemstra et al. 2004:3326 [ref. 27945], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:353 [ref. 28072], Randall 2005:438 [ref. 28239], Mundy 2005:446 [ref. 28379], Randall & Bartsch 2004:124 [ref. 28671], Allen et al. 2006:1413 [ref. 29095], Fricke et al. 2009:89 [ref. 30213], Motomura et al. 2010:174 [ref. 31256], Kuiter 2010:198 [ref. 35285], Allen & Erdmann 2012:720 [ref. 31980], Fricke et al. 2013:267 [ref. 32706], Fricke et al. 2014:138 [ref. 33932], Delrieu-Trottin et al. 2015:7 [ref. 33988], Duffy & Ahyong 2015:116 [ref. 36167], Koeda et al. 2016:78 [ref. 35333], Fricke et al. 2018:293 [ref. 35805], Arndt & Fricke 2019:19 [ref. 36883], Fricke et al. 2019:238 [ref. 36673], Zajonz et al. 2019:90 [ref. 36871], Rajan et al. 2021:9 [ref. 39508], Dewa et al. 2022:24 [ref. 40001], Fujiwara et al. 2022:91 [ref. 39094], Ji & Kim 2022:226 [ref. 39899], Randall & Victor 2022:256 [ref. 39916]). •Valid as Thalassoma amblycephalus (Bleeker 1856) -- (Allen 1995:76 [ref. 21960], Allen 2000:91 [ref. 37268]). Current status: Valid as Thalassoma amblycephalus (Bleeker 1856). Labridae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), East Africa, Socotra (Yemen), Seychelles, Comoros, Madagascar and Mascarenes (La Réunion, Mauritius, Rodrgues) east to Line Islands (Kiribati), Marquesas Islands and Tuamotu Archipelago (French Polynesia), north to southern Korea, Kagoshima Prefecture (southern Japan) and Ogasawara Islands (Japan), south to Australia, Lord Howe Island (Australia), northern New Zealand, Kermadec Islands and Tonga. Habitat: marine.

aneitensis, Julis Günther [A.] 1862:183 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 4; ref. 1969] Northeastern coast of Australia; Norfolk Island; New Hebrides. Syntypes: BMNH 1855.9.19.1041 (1) Norfolk Island, 1860.7.18.54 (1), 1861.5.31.55 (1, stuffed), 1862.1.6.2 (1, stuffed). •Synonym of Thalassoma lutescens (Lay & Bennett 1839) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943], Myers & Donaldson 2003:636 [ref. 27495], Mundy 2005:448 [ref. 28379], Allen et al. 2006:1415 [ref. 29095], Randall 2007:344 [ref. 30952]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma lutescens (Lay & Bennett 1839). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

arabicus, Trichopus Shaw [G.] 1803:390 [General zoology or systematic natural history v. 4; ref. 4014] Al-Luhayya, Yemen, Red Sea. Based in part on Scarus gallus Forsskål 1775. •Synonym of Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Dor 1984:209 [ref. 29757] with question, Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943], Randall & Victor 2022:259 [ref. 39916]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

aran, Julis Montrouzier [X.] 1857:474 [196] [Annales de la Société d'Agriculture, Histoire Naturelle et Arts Utiles de Lyon (sér. 2) v. 8 (1856); ref. 17789] Woodlark Island, South Pacific. No types known. On p. 196 of reprint. •Synonym of Thalassoma trilobatum (Lacepède 1801) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:47 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma trilobatum (Lacepède 1801). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

ascensionis, Julis Quoy [J. R. C.] & Gaimard [J. P.] 1834:706, Pl. 20 (fig. 5) [Voyage de découvertes de "l'Astrolabe" Zoologie, v. 3 (Pt 2); ref. 3573] Ascension Island. Holotype: MNHN A-9199. Type catalog: Bauchot 1963:48 [ref. 19171]. •Valid as Thalassoma ascensionis (Quoy & Gaimard 1834) -- (Gomon & Forsyth 1990:878 [ref. 19219], Afonso et al. 1999:85 [ref. 25466], Parenti & Randall 2000:44 [ref. 24943], Bernardi et al. 2004:372 [ref. 27454], Costagliola et al. 2003:379 [ref. 27455], Kuiter 2010:200 [ref. 35285], Westneat in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2742 [ref. 34618], Brown et al. 2019:185 [ref. 36444]). Current status: Valid as Thalassoma ascensionis (Quoy & Gaimard 1834). Labridae. Distribution: Southern-central Atlantic: Ascension Island endemic. Saint Helena Island record is doubtful [ref. 36444]. Habitat: marine.

ballieui, Julis Vaillant [L. L.] & Sauvage [H.-E.] 1875:284 [Revue et Magasin de Zoologie (Sér. 3) v. 3; ref. 17853] Hawaiian Islands. Syntypes: MNHN 0000-8019 (1), 0000-8023 (1), 0000-8896 (2), 0000-8897 (2). Type catalog: Bauchot 1963:49-50 [ref. 19171]. •Valid as Thalassoma ballieui (Vaillant & Sauvage 1875) -- (Allen 1995:76 [ref. 21960], Parenti & Randall 2000:44 [ref. 24943], Bernardi et al. 2004:371 [ref. 27454], Mundy 2005:447 [ref. 28379], Randall 2007:342 [ref. 30952], Kuiter 2010:196 [ref. 35285]). Current status: Valid as Thalassoma ballieui (Vaillant & Sauvage 1875). Labridae. Distribution: Central Pacific: Johnston Atoll and Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine.

berendti, Thalassoma Seale [A.] 1901:15, Fig. 7 [Occasional Papers of the Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum of Polynesian Ethnology and Natural History v. 1 (no. 4); ref. 14358] Honolulu, Oahu Island, Hawaiian Islands. Holotype (unique): BPBM 681. •Synonym of Thalassoma purpureum (Forsskål 1775) -- (Randall & Edwards 1985:23 [ref. 17448], Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943], Mundy 2005:448 [ref. 28379]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma purpureum (Forsskål 1775). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

bicatenatus, Julis Bennett [E. T.] 1832:167 [Proceedings of the Committee of Science and Correspondence of the Zoological Society of London 1830-31 (pt 1); ref. 4944] Mauritius, Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1861.8.14.25. •Synonym of Thalassoma trilobatum (Lacepède 1801) -- (Fricke 1999:446 [ref. 24106], Parenti & Randall 2000:47 [ref. 24943], Randall & Victor 2022:262 [ref. 39916]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma trilobatum (Lacepède 1801). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

bicolor, Julis Günther [A.] 1862:184 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 4; ref. 1969] No locality [Mauritius, Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean]. Syntypes: BMNH 1861.8.14.5-6 (2). •Synonym of Thalassoma genivittatum (Valenciennes 1839) -- (Randall 1986:704 [ref. 5706], Parenti & Randall 2000:45 [ref. 24943], Randall & Victor 2022:257 [ref. 39916]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma genivittatum (Valenciennes 1839). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

bifasciatus, Labrus Bloch [M. E.] 1791:131, Pl. 283 [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 5; ref. 4867] East India [actually western Atlantic]. Holotype (unique): ZMB 2580. Type catalog: Paepke 1999:88 [ref. 24282]. On p. 105 of Bloch's Ichthyologie, v. 8 [ref. 21381]. •Valid as Thalassoma bifasciatum (Bloch 1791) -- (Robins & Ray 1986:205 [ref. 23100], Boschung 1992:156 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:348 [ref. 23827], Cervigón 1993:429 [ref. 24474], Allen 1995:76 [ref. 21960], Aguilera 1998:52 [ref. 24221], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:295 [ref. 25013], Parenti & Randall 2000:44 [ref. 24943], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:164 [ref. 27754], Rocha et al. 2001:105 [ref. 25301], Collette et al. 2003:116 [ref. 26784], Westneat 2003:1717 [ref. 27105], Bernardi et al. 2004:371 [ref. 27454], Costagliola et al. 2003:379 [ref. 27455], Smith et al. 2003:44 [ref. 27621], Nelson et al. 2004:156 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:523 [ref. 28815], García-Hernández et al. 2009:93 [ref. 37265], Kuiter 2010:201 [ref. 35285], Page et al. 2013:161 [ref. 32708], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:65 [ref. 33341], Robertson et al. 2016:147 [ref. 34961], Robertson et al. 2020:157 [ref. 38098], Angulo 2021:10 [ref. 38913], Escobar-Sierra et al. 2021:82 [ref. 38844], Bennema & van Moorsel 2022:71 [ref. 39585]). Current status: Valid as Thalassoma bifasciatum (Bloch 1791). Labridae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. Habitat: marine.

bipunctatum, Thalassoma cupido var. Vasiliu [G. D.] 1931:349, Pl. 10 (fig. 11) [Jenaische Zeitschrift für Naturwissenschaft v. 65 (no. 2); ref. 16341] Galle, Sri Lanka. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943], Randall & Victor 2022:259 [ref. 39916]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

blochii, Julis Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1839:422 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 13; ref. 1007] Indian Ocean [in error], correct is Atlantic. Lectotype: ZMB 2579 (larger specimen). Paralectotypes: ZMB 2579 (1, smaller specimen). Type catalog: Bauchot 1963:76 [ref. 19171], Paepke 1999:89-90 [ref. 24282]. Based on Labrus lunaris of Bloch 1791: Pl. 281. Lectotype selected by Randall and Bartsch 2004:125 [ref. 28671]. •Synonym of Thalassoma hebraicum (Lacepède 1801) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:45 [ref. 24943], Randall & Victor 2022:258 [ref. 39916]). •Synonym of Thalassoma pavo (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Randall 2003:1 [ref. 26963], Randall & Bartsch 2004:123 [ref. 28671], Parenti & Randall 2011:39 [ref. 31299]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma pavo (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: freshwater.

brachiatus, Sparus Shaw [G.] 1803:456 [General zoology or systematic natural history v. 4; ref. 4014] Indian seas. No types known. •Synonym of Thalassoma trilobatum (Lacepède 1801) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:47 [ref. 24943], Randall & Victor 2022:262 [ref. 39916]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma trilobatum (Lacepède 1801). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

caeruleocephalus, Julis Cuvier [G.] 1829:259 [Le Règne Animal (Edition 2) v. 2; ref. 995] No locality. Available from footnote as, "Julis caeruleocephalus, N., ou Girelle Duperrey, Voyage de Freycin., Zool., pl., f. 333. •Synonym of Thalassoma duperrey (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:45 [ref. 24943], Mundy 2005:447 [ref. 28379], Randall 2007:343 [ref. 30952]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma duperrey (Quoy & Gaimard 1824). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

caeruleomarginata, Thalassoma Fowler [H. W.] 1944:265, Fig. 233 [Monographs of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia No. 6; ref. 1448] Ensenada Honda, Pedro Gonzalez, Perlas Islands, (Pacific) Panama. Holotype: ANSP 70134. Paratypes: ANSP 70135 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:117 [ref. 13621]. •Synonym of Thalassoma lucasanum (Gill 1862) -- (Bussing 1987:98 [ref. 21800], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:498 [ref. 24023], Parenti & Randall 2000:45 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma lucasanum (Gill 1862). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

celebicus, Julis (Julis) Bleeker [P.] 1855:313 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 9 (no. 2); ref. 16847] Manado, Sulawesi [Celebes], Indonesia. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. Bleeker specimens: BMNH 1862.2.28.76. •Synonym of Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

cingulata, Julis Quoy [J. R. C.] & Gaimard [J. P.] 1834:711, Pl. 15 (fig. 3) [Voyage de découvertes de "l'Astrolabe" Zoologie, v. 3 (Pt 2); ref. 3573] Mauritius, Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean. Holotype: MNHN A-9178. Type catalog: Bauchot 1963:50-51 [ref. 19171]. As Julis cingulatum in Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1839:418 [ref. 1007]. •Synonym of Thalassoma hebraicum (Lacepède 1801) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:45 [ref. 24943], Randall & Victor 2022:258 [ref. 39916]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma hebraicum (Lacepède 1801). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

clepsydralis, Julis Smith [R.] & Swain [J.] 1882:136 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 5 (no. 272); ref. 14298] Johnston Island, Pacific. Holotype (unique): USNM 26826. •Synonym of Thalassoma duperrey (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:45 [ref. 24943], Mundy 2005:447 [ref. 28379]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma duperrey (Quoy & Gaimard 1824). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

commersoni, Julis Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1839:418 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 13; ref. 1007] Madagascar and Mauritius, Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean. Syntypes: MNHN B-2144 (2, dry) Madagascar, A-2836 (2) Mauritius. Type catalog: Bauchot 1963:51 [ref. 19171], Fricke et al. 2018:293 [ref. 35805]. •Synonym of Thalassoma genivittatum (Valenciennes 1839) -- (Randall 1986:704 [ref. 5706], Fricke 1999:434 [ref. 24106], Parenti & Randall 2000:45 [ref. 24943], Fricke et al. 2018:293 [ref. 35805], Randall & Victor 2022:257 [ref. 39916]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma genivittatum (Valenciennes 1839). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

coris, Julis Lesson [R. P.] 1828:404 [Mémoires de la Société d'Histoire Naturelle Paris (sér. 2) v. 4; ref. 2775] Kosrae, Caroline Islands, western Pacific. Holotype (unique): MNHN (not found). Type catalog: Bauchot 1963:71-72 [ref. 19171]. •Nomen oblitum -- (Randall & Parenti 1999:30 [ref. 24276]). •Synonym of Thalassoma quinquevittatum (Lay & Bennett 1839) -- (Randall & Parenti 1999:30 [ref. 24276], Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943], Randall 2007:346 [ref. 30952] suppressed, Randall & Victor 2022:261 [ref. 39916]). Nomen Oblitum. Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma quinquevittatum (Lay & Bennett 1839). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

cranei, Thalassoma Herre [A. W. C. T.] 1935:412 [Field Museum of Natural History, Publications, Zoölogical Series v. 18 (no. 12); ref. 2109] Tenibuli, Ysabel Island, Solomon Islands. Holotype: FMNH 17347. Paratypes: CAS-SU 25167 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:87 [ref. 12291], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:83 [ref. 12367]. •Synonym of Thalassoma lutescens (Lay & Bennett 1839) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma lutescens (Lay & Bennett 1839). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

cupido, Julis Temminck [C. J.] & Schlegel [H.] 1845:170, Pl. 86bis (fig. 3) [Fauna Japonica Parts 7-9; ref. 4373] Nagasaki, Japan. Lectotype: RMNH 2217a. Paralectotypes: RMNH D1386 (1, stuffed), 2217b-c (2). Lectotype selected by Boeseman 1947:141 [ref. 12876]. •Valid as Thalassoma cupido (Temminck & Schlegel 1845) -- (Araga in Masuda et al. 1984:205 [ref. 6441], Randall & Edwards 1985:14 [ref. 17448], Randall & Mee 1994:305 [ref. 21641], Allen 1995:76 [ref. 21960], Lee & Kim 1996:37 [ref. 25726], Randall 1995:290 [ref. 22896], Myers 1999:203 [ref. 23965], Parenti & Randall 2000:45 [ref. 24943], Westneat in Randall & Lim 2000:629 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:989 [ref. 25182], Shinohara et al. 2000:180 [ref. 25987], Nakabo 2002:989 [ref. 26193], Choi et al. 2003:368, 638 [ref. 26218], Bernardi et al. 2004:371 [ref. 27454], Motomura et al. 2010:174 [ref. 31256], Kuiter 2010:191 [ref. 35285], Motomura et al. 2015:26 [ref. 34709], Wada et al. 2021:46 [ref. 38521]). Current status: Valid as Thalassoma cupido (Temminck & Schlegel 1845). Labridae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific: Taiwan north to Korea and Japan. Habitat: marine.

cyanogaster, Julis Valenciennes [A.] (ex Solander) in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1839:444 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 13; ref. 1007] Tahiti, Society Islands. •Synonym of Thalassoma purpureum (Forsskål 1775) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma purpureum (Forsskål 1775). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

cyanoventor, Julis Saville-Kent [W.] 1893:296, Color Pl. 16 (fig. 14) [The Great Barrier Reef of Australia; its products and potentialities; ref. 13269] Rocky Island, Cape Flattery, Queensland, Australia. No types known. Originally as cyano-ventor. •Questionably a synonym of Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943]). •Incertae sedis in Labrinae -- (Allen et al. 2006:1418 [ref. 29095]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

detersor, Julis Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1839:408 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 13; ref. 1007] San Domingo and Martinique Island, West Indies. Syntypes: MNHN A-7609 (2) Martinique, A-9181 (1) San Domingo. Type catalog: Bauchot 1963:53 [ref. 19171]. •Synonym of Thalassoma bifasciatum (Bloch 1791) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:44 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma bifasciatum (Bloch 1791). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

donzella, Labrus Rafinesque [C. S.] 1810:39 [Caratteri di alcuni nuovi generi e nuove specie di animali e piante della Sicilia; ref. 3594] Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Also appeared in Rafinesque 1810:21 [ref. 3595]. •Questionably a synonym of Thalassoma pavo (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943]). •Synonym of Thalassoma pavo (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Parenti 2019:102 [ref. 37117]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma pavo (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

dorsalis, Julis Quoy [J. R. C.] & Gaimard [J. P.] 1834:713, Pl. 15 (fig. 5) [Voyage de découvertes de "l'Astrolabe" Zoologie, v. 3 (Pt 2); ref. 3573] Mauritius, Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean. Syntypes: MNHN A-1878 (1), A-1879 (1). Type catalog: Bauchot 1963:53-54 [ref. 19171]. •Synonym of Thalassoma hardwicke (Bennett 1830) -- (Fricke 1999:435 [ref. 24106], Parenti & Randall 2000:45 [ref. 24943], Randall & Victor 2022:258 [ref. 39916] as dorsale). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma hardwicke (Bennett 1830). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

duperrey, Julis Quoy [J. R. C.] & Gaimard [J. P.] 1824:268, Pl. 56 (fig. 2) [Voyage autour du monde; ref. 3574] Hawaiian Islands. Syntypes: MNHN 0000-5133 (2), 0000-9016 (2). Type catalog: Bauchot 1963:54 [ref. 19171]. As duperrei in Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1839:421 [ref. 1007]. •Synonym of the younger Thalassoma lucasanum (Gill 1863) -- (Grove & Lavenberg 1997:498 [ref. 24023] [but see McCosker 1998:810 [ref. 24025]]). •Valid as Thalassoma duperrey (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Allen 1995:76 [ref. 21960] as duperreyi, Parenti & Randall 2000:45 [ref. 24943], Bernardi et al. 2004:371 [ref. 27454] as duperreyi, Mundy 2005:447 [ref. 28379], Randall 2007:343 [ref. 30952], Kuiter 2010:196 [ref. 35285], Lobel et al. 2020:3 [ref. 37334]). Current status: Valid as Thalassoma duperrey (Quoy & Gaimard 1824). Labridae. Distribution: Central Pacific: Johnston Atoll and Hawaiian Islands. Hybridizes at Johnston Atoll with T. lutescens (Lay & Bennett 1839). Habitat: marine.

erythrogaster, Julis Valenciennes [A.] (ex Solander) in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1839:447 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 13; ref. 1007] Tahiti, Society Islands, French Polynesia, South Pacific; Uléa, Caroline Islands, western Pacific. No types known. Type catalog: Bauchot 1963:73 [ref. 19171]. Based on a manuscript name by Solander (Daniel Carlsson Solander, 1733-1782, Swedish explorer and botanist), and on a drawing from Ulea by Mertens (Franz Karl Mertens, 1764-1831, German botanist). •Synonym of Thalassoma purpureum (Forsskål 1775). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma purpureum (Forsskål 1775). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

erythrogaster, Labrus Solander [D. C.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1839:447 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 13; ref. 1007] Not available, Solander name mentioned in account of Julis erythrogaster Valenciennes (Parenti & Randall 2000:64 [ref. 24943]); from Tahiti, Society Islands. •In the synonymy of Thalassoma purpureum (Forsskål 1775) -- (Randall & Edwards 1985:23 [ref. 17448], Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943]). Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma purpureum (Forsskål 1775). Labridae.

erythropterus, Julis Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1839:464 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 13; ref. 1007] No types known. Type catalog: Bauchot 1963:73 [ref. 19171]. •Questionably a synonym of Thalassoma hardwicke (Bennett 1830) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:45 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Uncertain as Thalassoma hardwicke (Bennett 1830). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

fasciatus, Labrus Gronow [L. T.] in Gray 1854:80 [Catalogue of fish collected and described by Laurence Theodore Gronow; ref. 1911] Indian Ocean. No types known. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Labrus fasciatus Bloch 1792. •Regarded as unidentifiable; color similar to Thalassoma hardwicke (Bennett 1830) but counts do not agree -- (Parenti & Randall 2011:39 [ref. 31299]). 1°Homonym. Labridae. Habitat: marine.

formosus, Julis Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1839:439 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 13; ref. 1007] Mauritius, Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean. Syntypes: MNHN 0000-0904 (1), A-1873 (1, holotype of Bauchot), A-9184 (2). Type catalog: Bauchot 1963:55 [ref. 19171] as holotype and paratypes. •Synonym of Thalassoma trilobatum (Lacepède 1801) -- (Fricke 1999:446 [ref. 24106], Parenti & Randall 2000:47 [ref. 24943], Randall 2007:347 [ref. 30952], Randall & Victor 2022:262 [ref. 39916]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma trilobatum (Lacepède 1801). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

fuscus, Labrus Lacepède [B. G. E.] (ex Commerson) 1801:437, 493, 499 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 3; ref. 2710] Mauritius and Réunion (Mascarenes), Madagascar, southwestern Indian Ocean. Syntypes: (all dry) MNHN B-2146 to B-2150 (2, 2, 2, 2, 2). Type catalog: Bauchot 1963:83-84 [ref. 19171]. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Labrus fuscus Gmelin 1789 and Labrus fuscus Walbaum 1792. •Valid as Thalassoma fuscum (Lacepède 1801) -- (Dor 1984:208 [ref. 29757], Goren & Dor 1994:55 [ref. 25356]). •Synonym of Thalassoma trilobatum (Lacepède 1801) -- (Fricke 1999:446 [ref. 24106], Parenti & Randall 2000:47 [ref. 24943], Randall 2005:442 [ref. 28239], Mundy 2005:449 [ref. 28379], Fricke et al. 2018:294 [ref. 35805], Randall & Victor 2022:262 [ref. 39916]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma trilobatum (Lacepède 1801). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

gallus, Scarus Forsskål [P. S.] 1775:26, x [Descriptiones animalium (Forsskål); ref. 1351] [Lohajæ] Al-Luhayya, Yemen, Red Sea. Holotype (unique): ZMUC P5738 (dry skin). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:70 [ref. 9588], Fricke 2008:49 [ref. 30182]. Authorship according to Fricke 2008:49 [ref. 30182]. Holotype figured in Klausewitz & Nielsen 1965:Pl. 2 [ref. 20847]. See Fricke 1999:442 [ref. 24106] who regards gallus as an unused older name for Thalassoma rueppellii (Klunzinger 1871); based on the year 2000 ICZN Code, the name gallus can be disregarded. •Synonym of Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Dor 1984:209 [ref. 29757], Parenti & Randall 2000:45 [ref. 24943]). •In the synonymy of Thalassoma rueppellii (Klunzinger 1871) -- (Fricke 2008:49 [ref. 30182], Golani & Fricke 2018:130 [ref. 36273]). Nomen Oblitum. Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma rueppellii (Klunzinger 1871). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

garzetto, Labrus Donndorff [J. A.] (ex Walbaum) 1798:477 [Zoologische Beyträge zur XIII. Ausgabe des Linneischen Natursystems. v. 3; ref. 17407] No locality. Appeared as Labrus (Garcetto) polyodon in Walbaum 1792:250 [ref. 4572] but garzetto is not available from that work bring a local name used by Seba; Labrus polyodon is available from Walbaum 1792.. •Synonym of Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

genivittatus, Julis Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1839:416 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 13; ref. 1007] Mauritius, Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean. Syntypes: Mauritius: MNHN A-8310 (1, mounted), A-8311 (2, dry), A-9168 (2), A-9169 (2), B-2156 (5, dry), B-2157 (3, dry), B-2158 (3, dry), B-2160 (3, dry), B-2161 (3). Type catalog: Bauchot 1963:56-58 [ref. 19171]. Based on a manuscript description by Commerson (Philibert Commerson, 1727-1773, french explorer and naturalist), and on several MNHN specimens. •Synonym of Thalassoma hebraicum (Lacepède 1801) -- (Dor 1984:208 [ref. 29757]). •Valid as Thalassoma genivittatum (Valenciennes 1839) -- (Randall 1986:704 [ref. 5706], Allen 1995:76 [ref. 21960], Fricke 1999:434 [ref. 24106], Parenti & Randall 2000:45 [ref. 24943], Bernardi et al. 2004:371 [ref. 27454], Heemstra et al. 2004:3326 [ref. 27945], Heemstra 2004:3338 [ref. 27945], Fricke et al. 2009:89 [ref. 30213], Kuiter 2010:197 [ref. 35285], Fricke et al. 2013:267 [ref. 32706], Fricke et al. 2018:293 [ref. 35805], Arndt & Fricke 2019:19 [ref. 36883], Dalleau-Coudert et al. 2019:170 [ref. 40104], Durville et al. 2021:314 [ref. 38802], Randall & Victor 2022:257 [ref. 39916]). Current status: Valid as Thalassoma genivittatum (Valenciennes 1839). Labridae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), Mozambique Channel, Madagascar, Seychelles, Mascarenes (La Réunion, Mauritius, Rodrigues). Habitat: marine.

georgii, Scarus Bennett [J. W.] 1830:unnum. p., Pl. 24 [A selection from the most remarkable and interesting fishes found on the coast of Ceylon First Edition; ref. 16785] South coast of Sri Lanka. No types known. As Scarus georgii quarti in 1841 edition [ref. 21457]. •Synonym of Thalassoma purpureum (Forsskål 1775) -- (Randall & Edwards 1985:23 [ref. 17448], Pethiyagoda et al. 1994:43-44 [ref. 21456], Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma purpureum (Forsskål 1775). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

georgiiquarti, Scarus Bennett [J. W.] 1841:Unnum. p., Pl. 24 [A selection from the most remarkable and interesting fishes found on the coast of Ceylon Third Edition; ref. 21457] South coast of Sri Lanka. No types known. As georgii quarti; same as Scarus georgii Bennett 1830:Pl. 24 of First Edition; objective synonym of Scarus georgii Bennett 1830. •Objective synonym of Scarus georgii Bennett 1830. •Synonym of Thalassoma purpureum (Forsskål 1775) -- (Pethiyagoda et al. 1994:44-45 [ref. 21456], Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943], Randall & Victor 2022:260 [ref. 39916]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma purpureum (Forsskål 1775). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

gillianus, Julis Poey [F.] 1860:214 [Memorias sobre la historia natural de la Isla de Cuba v. 2; ref. 3499] Cuba. No types known. •Synonym of Thalassoma bifasciatum (Bloch 1791) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:44 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma bifasciatum (Bloch 1791). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

gracilis, Julis Steindachner [F.] 1863:1190 [Verhandlungen der K.-K. zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien v. 13; ref. 18752] Java, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

grammaticum, Thalassoma Gilbert [C. H.] 1890:68 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 13 (no. 797); ref. 1623] Socorro and Clarion islands, Revillagigedo Islands, off western Mexico. Syntypes: CAS-SU 2722 (2); USNM 43083 (2), 46934 (1), 47026-28 (1, 1, 1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:87 [ref. 12291]. •Valid as Thalassoma grammaticum Gilbert 1890 -- (Randall 1995:671 [ref. 21650], Allen & Robertson 1994:206 [ref. 22193], Allen 1995:76 [ref. 21960], Gomon in Fischer et al. 1995:1222 [ref. 22830], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:200 [ref. 24545], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:497 [ref. 24023], Parenti & Randall 2000:45 [ref. 24943], Thomson et al. 2000:183 [ref. 25640], Victor et al. 2001:282 [ref. 25613], Baldwin & McCosker 2001:92 [ref. 25779], Nelson et al. 2004:156 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:137 [ref. 37547], Randall 2005:440 [ref. 28239], Béarez & Séret 2009:150 [ref. 36646], McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:193 [ref. 30957], Kuiter 2010:195 [ref. 35285], Page et al. 2013:161 [ref. 32708], Galván-Villa et al. 2016:148 [ref. 34871], Fourriére et al. 2016:448 [ref. 34668], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:610 [ref. 34923], Love et al. 2021:178 [ref. 39279]). Current status: Valid as Thalassoma grammaticum Gilbert 1890. Labridae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Pacific coast of southern Baja California Sur (Mexico) south to Colombia, including Gulf of California (Mexico) and Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). Habitat: marine.

grayii, Julis (Chloricthys) Swainson [W.] 1839:232 [The natural history and classification v. 2; ref. 4303] Based on Gray, Indian Zool., Pl. 92 (fig. 1) -- which is ref. 1878. •Questionably a synonym of Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

guentheri, Julis Bleeker [P.] 1862:279 [Verslagen en Mededeelingen der Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen. Afdeling Natuurkunde. v. 13; ref. 16995] Sulawesi, Indonesia. Syntypes: BMNH 1862.2.28.124 (1), RMNH 6632 (1 of 2). Based on literature sources. •Synonym of Thalassoma quinquevittatus (Lay & Bennett 1839) -- (Dor 1984:209 [ref. 29757], Randall & Edwards 1985:27 [ref. 17448], Parenti & Randall 2000:47 [ref. 24943], Mundy 2005:449 [ref. 28379]). •Synonym of Thalassoma quinquevittatum (Lay & Bennett 1839) -- (Randall 2007:346 [ref. 30952]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma quinquevittatum (Lay & Bennett 1839). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

hardwicke, Sparus Bennett [J. W.] 1830:unnum. p., Pl. 12 [A selection from the most remarkable and interesting fishes found on the coast of Ceylon First Edition; ref. 16785] South coast of Sri Lanka, Indian Ocean. No types known. Lectotype selected by Fricke 1999:436 [ref. 24106] as the specimen figured in Bennett's Pl. 12. Sparus hardwickii Bennett 1841 [ref. 16785] is an incorrect subsequent spelling -- (Eschmeyer & Pethiyagoda 1996:143 [ref. 22472]). •Valid as Thalassoma hardwicke (Bennett 1830) -- (Araga in Masuda et al. 1984:205 [ref. 6441] as hardwickii, Randall 1986:704 [ref. 5706], Allen & Swainston 1988:120 [ref. 25477] as hardwickei, Winterbottom et al. 1989:56 [ref. 13251] as hardwicki, Randall et al. 1990:337 [ref. 15987], Kuiter 1993:288 [ref. 23929], Francis 1993:165 [ref. 25479], Pethiyagoda et al. 1994:43 [ref. 21456], Allen 1995:76 [ref. 21960], Mohsin & Ambak 1996:485 [ref. 27969] as hardwickii, Allen 1997:194 [ref. 23977] as hardwickei, Kuiter 1997:302 [ref. 25488], Randall et al. 1997:337 [ref. 25919], Myers 1999:202 [ref. 23965], Fricke 1999:435 [ref. 24106], Johnson 1999:745 [ref. 25471], Allen 2000:91 [ref. 37268] as hardwickei, Parenti & Randall 2000:45 [ref. 24943], Westneat in Randall & Lim 2000:629 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:989 [ref. 25182], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:369 [ref. 25191], Sadovy & Cornish 2000:215 [ref. 25480], Allen 2000:114 [ref. 25868], Iwatsuki et al. 2000:103 [ref. 26368], Hutchins 2001:269 [ref. 25841], Hutchins 2001:39 [ref. 25847], Westneat 2001:3403 [ref. 26277] dated 1828, Nakabo 2002:989 [ref. 26193], Allen & Adrim 2003:51 [ref. 26830], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S115 [ref. 27377], Bernardi et al. 2004:371 [ref. 27454], Myers & Donaldson 2003:636 [ref. 27495] dated 1828, Shibukawa et al. in Kimura & Matsuura 2003:157 [ref. 27510], Lobel & Lobel 2004:74 [ref. 27576] dated 1820, Randall et al. 2004:23 [ref. 27624] dated 1828, Adrim et al. 2004:125 [ref. 27715], Heemstra et al. 2004:3326 [ref. 27945], Randall 2005:439 [ref. 28239], Allen et al. 2006:1414 [ref. 29095], Fricke et al. 2009:89 [ref. 30213], Satapoomin 2009:231 [ref. 30463], Motomura et al. 2010:174 [ref. 31256], Kuiter 2010:207 [ref. 35285], Allen & Erdmann 2012:721 [ref. 31980], Fricke et al. 2013:267 [ref. 32706], Fricke et al. 2014:139 [ref. 33932], Koeda et al. 2016:78 [ref. 35333], Koeda et al. 2016:14 [ref. 35354], Fricke et al. 2018:293 [ref. 35805], Satapoomin in Kimura et al. 2018:235 [ref. 36460], Arndt & Fricke 2019:20 [ref. 36883], Dalleau-Coudert et al. 2019:170 [ref. 40104], Fricke et al. 2019:239 [ref. 36673], Hoschke et al. 2019:158 [ref. 36626], Zajonz et al. 2019:91 [ref. 36871] as cf. hardwicke, Koreeda et al. 2022:23 [ref. 39102], Randall & Victor 2022:257 [ref. 39916], Noushad K. et al. 2024:45 [ref. 40947]). Current status: Valid as Thalassoma hardwicke (Bennett 1830). Labridae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), East Africa, Seychelles, Comoros, Madagascar and Mascarenes (La Réunion, Mauritius, Rodrigues) east to Wake Atoll and Tuamotu Archipelago (French Polynesia), north to southern Japan and Ogasawara Islands (Japan), south to Rottnest Island (Western Australia), Sydney (New South Wales, Australia), Lord Howe Island (Australia), New Caledonia, Tonga and Austral Islands (French Polynesia). Habitat: marine.

hardwickii, Julis Gray [J. E.] 1832:no page number, Pl. 92 (fig. 1) [Illustrations of Indian zoology; ref. 1878] No locality. No types known. Published about 14 Apr. 1832. •Synonym of Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

hebraicus, Labrus Lacepède [B. G. E.] (ex Commerson) 1801:454, 526, Pl. 29 (fig. 3) [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 3; ref. 2710] Mauritius, Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean. Holotype (unique): MNHN B-2153 (dry). Type catalog: Bauchot 1963:84-85 [ref. 19171]. Originally hebraïcus. Based on description and illustration in manuscript by Commerson (Philibert Commerson, 1727-1773, French explorer and naturalist). •Valid as Thalassoma hebraicum (Lacepède 1801) -- (Dor 1984:208 [ref. 29757], Randall 1986:704 [ref. 5706], Winterbottom et al. 1989:56 [ref. 13251], Goren & Dor 1994:55 [ref. 25356], Allen 1995:76 [ref. 21960], Anderson et al. 1998:26 [ref. 23611], Fricke 1999:436 [ref. 24106], Parenti & Randall 2000:45 [ref. 24943], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S115 [ref. 27377], Bernardi et al. 2004:371 [ref. 27454], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:353 [ref. 28072], Fricke et al. 2009:89 [ref. 30213], Kuiter 2010:205 [ref. 35285], Fricke et al. 2013:267 [ref. 32706], Fricke et al. 2018:293 [ref. 35805], Zajonz et al. 2019:91 [ref. 36871], Randall & Victor 2022:258 [ref. 39916]). Current status: Valid as Thalassoma hebraicum (Lacepède 1801). Labridae. Distribution: Indian Ocean: Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), East Africa (Mozambique, Tanzania, Kenya), Socotra (Yemen), Seychelles, Comoros, Madagascar and western Mascarenes (La Réunion, Mauritius) east to Maldives and Chagos Archipelago (British Indian Ocean Territory); Andaman Islands (India). Habitat: marine.

heiseri, Thalassoma Randall [J. E.] & Edwards [A. J.] 1984:15, Fig. 1B, 3 [Journal of Aquariculture & Aquatic Sciences v. 4 (no. 2); ref. 17448] Off Christian's Point, Pitcairn Island, southern Pacific, depth 12-18 meters. Holotype: BPBM 16682. Paratypes: AMS I.23852-001 (2); ANSP 151620 (1); BMNH 1983.5.26.1-2 (2); BPBM 12266 (8), 16511 (2), 16517 (7), 17004 (9), 17059 (8), 17179 (2); CAS 52483 (2); LACM 43453-1 (2); NSMT-P 21764-65 (1, 1); ROM 41785 (2); USNM 258659 (2). •Valid as Thalassoma heiseri Randall & Edwards 1984 -- (Randall & Edwards 1985:15 [ref. 17448], Randall & Mee 1994:306 [ref. 21641], Allen 1995:76 [ref. 21960], Myers 1999:203 [ref. 23965], Randall 1999:22 [ref. 25829], Parenti & Randall 2000:45 [ref. 24943], Westneat 2001:3403 [ref. 26277], Randall 2003:1 [ref. 26963], Randall 2005:439 [ref. 28239]). Current status: Valid as Thalassoma heiseri Randall & Edwards 1984. Labridae. Distribution: Eastern Oceania. Habitat: marine.

hemisphaericus, Sparus Shaw [G.] 1803:454, Pl. 66, top [General zoology or systematic natural history v. 4; ref. 4014] Indian Seas. An incorrect subsequent spelling of Sparus hemisphaerium Lacepède 1802; unavailable. •In the synonymy of Thalassoma trilobatum (Lacepède 1801) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:47 [ref. 24943], Randall & Victor 2022:262 [ref. 39916]). Misspelling. Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma trilobatum (Lacepède 1801). Labridae.

herrei, Thalassoma Seale [A.] 1935:369, Pl. 23 (fig. 2) [Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (Series 4) v. 21 (no. 27); ref. 12336] Tulagi, Florida Island, Solomon Islands. Holotype: CAS 5514. •Synonym of Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

immanis, Thalassoma Fowler [H. W.] 1900:488, Pl. 18 (fig. 2) [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 51 (for 1899); ref. 13303] Caroline Island [wrongly given as Caroline Islands], Southern Line Islands, Kiribati. Syntypes: ANSP 23288-90 (3, mounted skins) missing. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:117 [ref. 13621]. Type locality corrected in Fowler 1901:324 [ref. 21248]. Spelled immanis on p. 488, immanus in figure caption. •Synonym of Thalassoma purpureum (Forsskål 1775) -- (Randall & Edwards 1985:23 [ref. 17448], Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma purpureum (Forsskål 1775). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

imperialis, Labrus Rafinesque [C. S.] 1810:40 [Caratteri di alcuni nuovi generi e nuove specie di animali e piante della Sicilia; ref. 3594] Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. Also appeared in Rafinesque 1810:23 [ref. 3595]. •Questionably a synonym of Thalassoma pavo (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943]). •Synonym of Thalassoma pavo (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Parenti 2019:102 [ref. 37117]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma pavo (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

iris, Halichoeres Seale [A.] 1910:522 [The Philippine Journal of Science Section A v. 4 (no. 6) (for 1909); ref. 4000] Sitanki Island, Jolo Archipelago, Philippines. Holotype (unique): BSMP 4582 (apparently destroyed). •Synonym of Thalassoma hardwicke (Bennett 1830). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma hardwicke (Bennett 1830). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

jansenii, Julis (Julis) Bleeker [P.] 1856:56 [Acta Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Indo-Neêrlandicae v. 1 (6); ref. 352] Manado, Sulawesi, Indonesia. Syntypes (8) and/or Bleeker specimens: AMS I.695 [from Day] (1, destroyed in 1911); BMNH 1864.5.15.32 (1), NMV 46232 (1), RMNH (some out of 18), SMNS 24574 [old no. 760 ni] (1 syntype, not found). Type catalog: Fricke 1991:16 [ref. 13474].Fricke 2005:44 [ref. 29864]. •Valid as Thalassoma jansenii (Bleeker 1856) -- (Araga in Masuda et al. 1984:205 [ref. 6441] as janseni, Allen & Swainston 1988:120 [ref. 25477] as janseni Randall et al. 1990:337 [ref. 15987], Kuiter 1993:288 [ref. 23929] as janseni, Francis 1993:165 [ref. 25479], Allen 1995:76 [ref. 21960], Allen 1997:194 [ref. 23977], Randall et al. 1997:337 [ref. 25919], Myers 1999:202 [ref. 23965], Johnson 1999:745 [ref. 25471] as janseni, Allen 2000:91 [ref. 37268], Parenti & Randall 2000:45 [ref. 24943], Westneat in Randall & Lim 2000:629 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:989 [ref. 25182], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:369 [ref. 25191], Allen 2000:114 [ref. 25868], Hutchins 2001:269 [ref. 25841], Hutchins 2001:39 [ref. 25847], Westneat 2001:3403 [ref. 26277], Nakabo 2002:989 [ref. 26193], Allen & Adrim 2003:51 [ref. 26830], Randall 2003:1 [ref. 26963], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S115 [ref. 27377], Bernardi et al. 2004:371 [ref. 27454], Myers & Donaldson 2003:636 [ref. 27495] as janseni, Adrim et al. 2004:125 [ref. 27715], Randall 2005:440 [ref. 28239], Allen et al. 2006:1414 [ref. 29095], Motomura et al. 2010:174 [ref. 31256], Kuiter 2010:206 [ref. 35285] and as cf. jansenii, Allen & Erdmann 2012:721 [ref. 31980], Duffy & Ahyong 2015:117 [ref. 36167], Koeda et al. 2016:78 [ref. 35333], Randall & Victor 2022:259 [ref. 39916], Noushad K. et al. 2024:45 [ref. 40947]). Current status: Valid as Thalassoma jansenii (Bleeker 1856). Labridae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Lakshadweep (India), Maldives and Sri Lanka east to Micronesia, north to southern Japan, south to Western Australia and Kermadec Islands. Habitat: marine.

klunzingeri, Thalassoma Fowler [H. W.] & Steinitz [H.] 1956:278, Fig. 24 [Bulletin of the Research Council of Israel v. 5B (no. 3-4); ref. 1478] Eilat, Israel, Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea. Holotype: ANSP 72138. Paratypes: SFRS (2). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:117 [ref. 13621]. •Valid as Thalassoma klunzingeri Fowler & Steinitz 1956 -- (Randall & Edwards 1985:22 [ref. 17448], Goren & Dor 1994:55 [ref. 25356]). •Synonym of Thalassoma rueppellii (Klunzinger 1871) -- (Dor 1984:210 [ref. 29757], Randall & Mee 1994:306 [ref. 21641], Allen 1995:76 [ref. 21960], Parenti & Randall 2000:47 [ref. 24943], Randall & Miroz 2001:132 [ref. 25802], Kuiter 2010:193 [ref. 35285], Golani & Fricke 2018:130 [ref. 36273], Randall & Victor 2022:261 [ref. 39916]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma rueppellii (Klunzinger 1871). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

lemniscata, Julis turcica var. Lowe [R. T.] 1843:1 [A history of the fishes of Madeira; ref. 2833] Off Madeira. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Thalassoma pavo (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Gomon & Forsyth 1990:879 [ref. 19219], Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma pavo (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

leo, Labrus Rafinesque [C. S.] 1810:37 [Caratteri di alcuni nuovi generi e nuove specie di animali e piante della Sicilia; ref. 3594] Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Also appeared in Rafinesque 1810:23 [ref. 3595]. •Synonym of Thalassoma pavo (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Bauchot & Quignard 1973:442 [ref. 7204], Gomon & Forsyth 1990:879 [ref. 19219], Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943], Parenti 2019:102 [ref. 37117]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma pavo (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

lessonii, Julis Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1839:384 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 13; ref. 1007] Saint Helena. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000-4160. Type catalog: Bauchot 1963:59 [ref. 19171]. •Synonym of Thalassoma sanctaehelenae (Valenciennes 1839) -- (Edwards & Glass 1987:654 [ref. 9166], Parenti & Randall 2000:47 [ref. 24943]). •Synonym of Thalassoma ascensionis (Quoy & Gaimard 1834) -- (Gomon & Forsyth 1990:878 [ref. 19219]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma sanctaehelenae (Valenciennes 1839). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

lineolata, Julis unimaculata var. Lowe [R. T.] 1841:37 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1840 (pt. 8, no. 89); ref. 2830] Madeira, eastern Atlantic. No types known. A syntype of Julis unimaculata is probably used to describe the variety. •Synonym of Thalassoma pavo (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Gomon & Forsyth 1990:879 [ref. 19219], Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma pavo (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

loxum, Thalassoma Randall [J. E.] & Mee [J. K. L.] 1994:303, Pls. 1-5 [Fauna of Saudi Arabia v. 14; ref. 21641] South coast, Hoone's Bay, Oman, Arabian Sea, 16°58'00"N, 54°42'50"E, depth 0.5 meters. Holotype: BPBM 35732. Paratypes: BMNH 1993.8.26.1-3 (3); BPBM 34409 (1), 34499 (1), 35733 (10); CAS 80474 (1); USNM 326312 (3). •Valid as Thalassoma loxum Randall & Mee 1994 -- (Allen 1995:76 [ref. 21960], Randall 1995:290 [ref. 22896], Myers 1999:203 [ref. 23965], Parenti & Randall 2000:45 [ref. 24943], Randall 2003:1 [ref. 26963], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S115 [ref. 27377], Bernardi et al. 2004:371 [ref. 27454], Kuiter 2010:191 [ref. 35285], Zajonz et al. 2019:91 [ref. 36871], Randall & Victor 2022:259 [ref. 39916]). Current status: Valid as Thalassoma loxum Randall & Mee 1994. Labridae. Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Socotra (Yemen), Oman. Habitat: marine.

lucasanus, Julis Gill [T. N.] 1862:142 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 14 (nos 3-4); ref. 1662] Cape San Lucas, Baja California, Mexico. Syntypes: BMNH 1862.5.21.10 (1); MCZ 35989 [ex USNM] (2), 37271 [ex USNM 3676] (2); UMMZ [ex USNM] (not found in 1995); USNM 3676-3677 (?10, mixed), 4396 (now 3). •Valid as Thalassoma lucasanum (Gill 1862) -- (Bussing 1987:98 [ref. 21800], Randall 1995:670 [ref. 21650], Allen & Robertson 1994:206 [ref. 22193], Allen 1995:76 [ref. 21960], Gomon in Fischer et al. 1995:1223 [ref. 22830], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:201 [ref. 24545], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:497 [ref. 24023], Parenti & Randall 2000:45 [ref. 24943], Thomson et al. 2000:182 [ref. 25640], Victor et al. 2001:282 [ref. 25613], Baldwin & McCosker 2001:92 [ref. 25779], Bernardi et al. 2004:371 [ref. 27454], Nelson et al. 2004:156 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:137 [ref. 37547], McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:193 [ref. 30957], Kuiter 2010:199 [ref. 35285], Page et al. 2013:161 [ref. 32708], Galván-Villa et al. 2016:148 [ref. 34871], Fourriére et al. 2016:448 [ref. 34668], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:610 [ref. 34923], González-Murcia et al. 2019:301 [ref. 36544], Love et al. 2021:178 [ref. 39279], Siccha-Ramirez et al. 2023:281 [ref. 40816], Vela-Espinosa et al. 2023:10 [ref. 40981]). Current status: Valid as Thalassoma lucasanum (Gill 1862). Labridae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Pacific coast of central Baja California (Mexico) south to northern Peru, including Gulf of California (Mexico) and Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). Habitat: marine.

lunaris, Labrus Linnaeus [C.] (ex Gronovius) 1758:283 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] In Indiis [Indonesia]. Syntypes: BMNH 1853.11.12.39 [Gronovius coll.] (1, skin), ZMUU Linn. coll. 195 (1). Type catalog: Wheeler 1958:228 [ref. 13434]. Lectotype selected by Fricke 1999:441 [ref. 24106] as the specimen illustrated by Gronovius 1756: Pl. 6 (fig. 2) and it might be BMNH 1853.11.12.39 which Fricke regards as unidentifiable. Based on the 'Labrus oblongus, cauda bifurca, capite purpurascente' of Gronovius 1756:26, Pl. 6 (fig. 2) (vol. 2) [ref. 20783]. Hybrids between Gomphosus varius and Thalassoma duperrey are reported by Randall & Allen 2004:136 [ref. 27827], and with Thalassoma rueppellii (Klunzinger 1871) -- (Randall & Miroz 2001:131 [ref. 25802]). •Valid as Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Araga in Masuda et al. 1984:205 [ref. 6441], Dor 1984:208 [ref. 29757], Randall 1986:705 [ref. 5706], Allen & Swainston 1988:120 [ref. 25477], Paulin et al. 1989:207 [ref. 24556], Winterbottom et al. 1989:56 [ref. 13251], Randall et al. 1990:337 [ref. 15987], Francis 1993:165 [ref. 25479], Kuiter 1993:287 [ref. 23929], Goren & Dor 1994:55 [ref. 25356], Allen 1995:76 [ref. 21960], Randall 1995:290 [ref. 22896], Mohsin & Ambak 1996:485 [ref. 27969], Allen 1997:194 [ref. 23977], Carpenter et al. 1997:200 [ref. 23922], Chen et al. 1997:134 [ref. 26476], Kuiter 1997:302 [ref. 25488], Randall et al. 1997:337 [ref. 25919], Khan 1998:230 [ref. 24980], Fricke 1999:441 [ref. 24106], Johnson 1999:745 [ref. 25471], Myers 1999:202 [ref. 23965], Allen 2000:114 [ref. 25868], Allen 2000:91 [ref. 37268], Iwatsuki et al. 2000:103 [ref. 26368], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:370 [ref. 25191], Nakabo 2000:991 [ref. 25182], Parenti & Randall 2000:45 [ref. 24943], Sadovy & Cornish 2000:215 [ref. 25480], Westneat in Randall & Lim 2000:629 [ref. 25122], Hutchins 2001:269 [ref. 25841], Hutchins 2001:39 [ref. 25847], Randall & Miroz 2001:132 [ref. 25802], Westneat 2001:3462 [ref. 26277], Nakabo 2002:991 [ref. 26193], Allen & Adrim 2003:51 [ref. 26830], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S115 [ref. 27377], Myers & Donaldson 2003:636 [ref. 27495], Shibukawa et al. in Kimura & Matsuura 2003:158 [ref. 27510], Adrim et al. 2004:125 [ref. 27715], Bernardi et al. 2004:371 [ref. 27454], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:353 [ref. 28072], Randall et al. 2004:23 [ref. 27624], Kim et al. 2005:2 [ref. 39341], Mundy 2005:448 [ref. 28379], Randall 2005:439 [ref. 28239], Allen et al. 2006:1414 [ref. 29095], Satapoomin 2009:232 [ref. 30463], Kuiter 2010:195 [ref. 35285], Motomura et al. 2010:174 [ref. 31256], Allen & Erdmann 2012:722 [ref. 31980], Fricke et al. 2013:267 [ref. 32706], Larson et al. 2013:168 [ref. 32988], Fricke et al. 2014:139 [ref. 33932], Duffy & Ahyong 2015:117 [ref. 36167], Koeda et al. 2016:14 [ref. 35354], Ali et al. 2018:336 [ref. 36183], Fricke et al. 2018:294 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:130 [ref. 36273], Satapoomin in Kimura et al. 2018:235 [ref. 36460], Eagderi et al. 2019:74 [ref. 37020], Fricke et al. 2019:239 [ref. 36673], Hoschke et al. 2019:158 [ref. 36626], Zajonz et al. 2019:91 [ref. 36871], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 19 [ref. 38321], Kim et al. 2020:151 [ref. 39118], Psomadakis et al. 2020:527 [ref. 37272], Sonoyama et al. 2020:87 [ref. 37637], Hata in Motomura et al. 2021:58 [ref. 38121], Farhana-Azmi et al. 2022:8 [ref. 40448], Randall & Victor 2022:259 [ref. 39916], Sato et al. 2023:10 [ref. 40949]). Current status: Valid as Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Distribution: Red Sea; Indo-West Pacific: Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), East Africa, Persian Gulf, Socotra (Yemen), Seychelles, Comoros, Madagascar and western Mascarenes (La Réunion, Mauritius) east to Line Islands (Kiribati), Tuamotu Archipelago and Gambier Islands (French Polynesia), north to Korea and central Japan, south to Rottnest Island (Western Australia), New South Wales (Australia), New Caledonia, Lord Howe Island (Australia), Norfolk Island (Australia) and Kermadec Islands, northern New Zealand and Tonga. Habitat: marine.

lutescens, Julis Lay [G. T.] & Bennett [E. T.] (ex Solander) 1839:65, Pl. 19 (fig. 2) [The zoology of Captain Beechey's voyage; ref. 2730] Tahiti Island, Society Islands [French Polynesia, South Pacific]. Lectotype: whereabouts unknown. Lectotype selected by Fricke 1999:434 [ref. 24106] as the specimen in the original description illustrated in Pl. 19 (fig. 2) and thereby restricts the type locality to Tahiti; originally Mauritius, Tahiti, Ryukyu Is. •Valid as Thalassoma lutescens (Lay & Bennett 1839) -- (Araga in Masuda et al. 1984:205 [ref. 6441], Bussing 1987:98 [ref. 21800], Allen & Swainston 1988:120 [ref. 25477], Pequeño 1989:64 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:207 [ref. 24556], Randall et al. 1990:338 [ref. 15987], Kuiter 1993:287 [ref. 23929], Francis 1993:165 [ref. 25479], Allen & Robertson 1994:206 [ref. 22193], Allen 1995:76 [ref. 21960], Randall 1995:291 [ref. 22896], Allen 1997:194 [ref. 23977], Kuiter 1997:302 [ref. 25488], Randall et al. 1997:338 [ref. 25919], Myers 1999:202 [ref. 23965], Fricke 1999:443 [ref. 24106], Francis et al. 1999:577 [ref. 24249], Johnson 1999:745 [ref. 25471], Randall 1999:23 [ref. 25829], Allen 2000:91 [ref. 37268], Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943], Westneat in Randall & Lim 2000:629 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:991 [ref. 25182], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:370 [ref. 25191], Thomson et al. 2000:183 [ref. 25640], Randall & Earle 2000:17 [ref. 25806], Hutchins 2001:269 [ref. 25841], Hutchins 2001:39 [ref. 25847], Westneat 2001:3403 [ref. 26277], Nakabo 2002:991 [ref. 26193], Allen & Adrim 2003:51 [ref. 26830], Randall 2003:1 [ref. 26963], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S115 [ref. 27377], Bernardi et al. 2004:371 [ref. 27454], Myers & Donaldson 2003:636 [ref. 27495], Lobel & Lobel 2004:74 [ref. 27576], Randall et al. 2004:23 [ref. 27624], Randall 2005:440 [ref. 28239], Mundy 2005:448 [ref. 28379], Allen et al. 2006:1414 [ref. 29095], Randall 2007:344 [ref. 30952], Motomura et al. 2010:175 [ref. 31256], Kuiter 2010:194 [ref. 35285], Allen & Erdmann 2012:722 [ref. 31980], Delrieu-Trottin et al. 2015:7 [ref. 33988], Duffy & Ahyong 2015:117 [ref. 36167], Fourriére et al. 2016:448 [ref. 34668], Koeda et al. 2016:78 [ref. 35333], Koeda et al. 2016:14 [ref. 35354], Fowler et al. 2017:[4] 2252 [ref. 36358], Hoschke et al. 2019:158 [ref. 36626], Zajonz et al. 2019:91 [ref. 36871], Lobel et al. 2020:3 [ref. 37334], Dewa et al. 2022:24 [ref. 40001], Furuhashi & Motomura 2022:16 [ref. 39607], Randall & Victor 2022:260 [ref. 39916]). Current status: Valid as Thalassoma lutescens (Lay & Bennett 1839). Labridae. Distribution: Indo-Pacific: Gulf of Aden, East Africa, Socotra (Yemen) and southern Oman east to Hawaiian Islands (U. S. A.) and Easter Island (Chile), north to Kagoshima Prefecture (southern Japan), south to Rottnest Island (Western Australia), southern New South Wales (Australia), Lord Howe Island (Australia), Norfolk Island (Australia), New Caledonia, Kermadec Islands, Tonga and Rapa (French Plynesia); eastern Pacific: Revillagigedo Archipelago (Mexico). Hybridizes at Johnston Atoll with T. duperrey (Quoy & Gaimard 1824). Habitat: marine.

lutescentem, Julim Bennett [E. T.] 1833:184 [Proceedings of the Committee of Science and Correspondence of the Zoological Society of London 1832 (pt 2); ref. 16789] Not available, name mentioned in passing under account of Julis porhyrocephala. •In the synonymy of Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:45 [ref. 24943], Randall & Victor 2022:259 [ref. 39916]). Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

maculata, Julis Lesson [R. P.] 1828:402 [Mémoires de la Société d'Histoire Naturelle Paris (sér. 2) v. 4; ref. 2775] Kosrae, Caroline Islands, western Pacific. Holotype (unique): MNHN (not found). Type catalog: Bauchot 1963:72 [ref. 19171]. •Synonym of Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

marnae, Thalassoma Schultz [L. P.] 1943:203, Fig. 17 [Bulletin of the United States National Museum No. 180; ref. 3957] Reef of Hull Island, Phoenix Islands. Holotype: USNM 115563. Paratypes: MCZ 37278 [ex USNM 115568] (6); USNM 115564-67 (3, 7, 26, 1), 115569-70 (2, 37). •Synonym of Thalassoma amblycephalum (Bleeker 1856) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:44 [ref. 24943]). •Synonym of Thalassoma amblycephalus (Bleeker 1856). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma amblycephalus (Bleeker 1856). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

mascarenum, Thalassoma Fricke [R.] 1999:437, Figs. 6A, 7A [ ref. 24106] West side of Les Filaos, 21°04'41"S, 55°13'03"E, Réunion, western Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean, depth 0.2-1.0 meters. Holotype: SMNS 17003. Paratypes: MNHN 1999-0491 to 0492 (1, 1); SMNS 16841 (4), 16933 (1), 16992 (1), 17212 (1), 20875 (1), 20897 (3), 21134 (4). Plus non-type material. Type catalog: Fricke 2005:45 [ref. 29864]. •Synonym of Thalassoma genivittatum (Valenciennes 1839) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:45 [ref. 24943], Randall & Smith 2001:117 [ref. 25803], Randall 2003:1 [ref. 26963], Heemstra 2004:3338 [ref. 27945]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma genivittatum (Valenciennes 1839). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

matthaei, Julis Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1839:419 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 13; ref. 1007] Mauritius, Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean. Holotype (unique): MNHN A-9175. Type catalog: Bauchot 1963:61 [ref. 19171]. •Valid as Choerodon matthaei Valenciennes 1839 -- (Fricke 1999:405 [ref. 24106]). •Synonym of Thalassoma genivittatum (Valenciennes 1839) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:45 [ref. 24943], Randall & Smith 2001:119 [ref. 25803], Randall & Victor 2022:257 [ref. 39916]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma genivittatum (Valenciennes 1839). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

melanochir, Julis (Julis) Bleeker [P.] 1857:77 [Acta Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Indo-Neêrlandicae v. 2 (art. 7); ref. 356] Ambon Island, Molucca Islands, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. Bleeker specimens: ?BMNH 1862.2.28.71 (1). •Synonym of Thalassoma amblycephalum (Bleeker 1856) -- (Randall 1986:704 [ref. 5706], Randall et al. 1990:336 [ref. 15987], Parenti & Randall 2000:44 [ref. 24943], Mundy 2005:446 [ref. 28379], Fricke et al. 2018:293 [ref. 35805], Randall & Victor 2022:256 [ref. 39916]). •Synonym of Thalassoma amblycephalus (Bleeker 1856). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma amblycephalus (Bleeker 1856). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

melanochir, Thalassoma Fowler [H. W.] 1904:537, Pl. 20 (middle fig.) [Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia. Second series. v. 12 (pt 4); ref. 1367] Padang, Sumatra, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): ANSP 27724. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:117 [ref. 13621]. •Synonym of Thalassoma amblycephalum (Bleeker 1856) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:44 [ref. 24943], Westneat 2001:3461 [ref. 26277]). •Synonym of Thalassoma amblycephalus (Bleeker 1856). 2°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma amblycephalus (Bleeker 1856). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

melanoptera, Julis Günther [A.] 1862:183 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 4; ref. 1969] Probably Sri Lanka. Syntypes: (2) BMNH 1852.9.13.55 [ex Zool. Soc.] (1). •Synonym of Thalassoma lutescens (Lay & Bennett 1839) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma lutescens (Lay & Bennett 1839). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

meniscus, Julis Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1839:415 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 13; ref. 1007] Seychelles; Macao; Indian seas. Syntypes: MNHN A-7242 (1), A-9153 (1, holotype of Bauchot), A-9154 (1), A-9155 (1), A-9157 (1), A-9180 (1). Type catalog: Bauchot 1963:61-62 [ref. 19171] as holotype and paratypes, Bauchot & Daget 1996:243 [ref. 22899] paratypes. •Synonym of Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

mertensii, Julis Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1839:421 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 13; ref. 1007] Uléa, Caroline Islands, western Pacific. No types preserved. Type catalog: Bauchot 1963:73 [ref. 19171]. Based on a drawing by Mertens (Franz Karl Mertens, 1764-1831, German botanist). •Questionably a synonym of Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

neanis, Thalassoma Jordan [D. S.] & Evermann [B. W.] in Jordan & Snyder 1907:214, Pl. 12 (fig. 2) [Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries v. 26 (no. 623) (for 1906); ref. 10656] Market in Honolulu, Oahu Island, Hawaiian Islands. Holotype: USNM 57785. •Synonym of Thalassoma lutescens (Lay & Bennett 1839) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma lutescens (Lay & Bennett 1839). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

newtoni, Julis Osório [B.] 1891:127 [Jornal de Sciências Mathemáticas, Physicas e Naturaes, Lisboa (Ser. 2) v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 14502] São Thomé [Tomé] Island (St. Thomas Island), West Africa. Type lost. •Synonym of Thalassoma pavo (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Gomon & Forsyth 1990:879 [ref. 19219]). • Questionably a synonym of Thalassoma ascensionis (Quoy & Gaimard 1834) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:44 [ref. 24943]). •Valid as Thalassoma newtoni (Osório 1891) -- (Bernardi et al. 2004:372 [ref. 27454], Costagliola et al. 2003:379 [ref. 27455], Wirtz et al. 2007:14, 37 [ref. 30263], Kuiter 2010:200 [ref. 35285], Parenti & Randall 2011:36 [ref. 31299], Westneat in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2743 [ref. 34618], Reiner 2019:244 [ref. 38139], Baptista et al. 2021:[4] [ref. 38204], Fermon et al. 2022:289 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Thalassoma newtoni (Osório 1891). Labridae. Distribution: Eastern Atlantic: Senegal south to central Angola, including São Tomé and Principe. Habitat: marine.

nigrofasciatum, Thalassoma Randall [J. E.] 2003:3, Figs. 1-3 [aqua, Journal of Ichthyology and Aquatic Biology v. 7 (no. 1); ref. 26963] Phillips Point, Lord Howe Island, southwestern Pacific, depth 7.5 meters. Holotype: BPBM 14768. Paratypes: AMS I.33746-024 (1); BPBM 11351 (1), 14469 (2), 31161 (1), 33719 (2), 321742 (1); CAS 40164 (1); USNM 323949 (2), 338735 (4), 362177 (1), 363206 (1). •Questionably valid as Thalassoma nigrofasciatum Randall 2003 -- (Bernardi et al. 2004:405 [ref. 27454]). •Valid as Thalassoma nigrofasciatum Randall 2003 -- (Randall 2005:440 [ref. 28239], Allen et al. 2006:1415 [ref. 29095], Parenti & Randall 2011:36 [ref. 31299], Allen & Erdmann 2012:723 [ref. 31980], Fricke et al. 2014:139 [ref. 33932], Fricke et al. 2019:239 [ref. 36673]). Current status: Valid as Thalassoma nigrofasciatum Randall 2003. Labridae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Papua New Guinea and eastern Australia east to Fiji and Niue, south to Lord Howe Island, Kermadec Islands and New Caledonia. Habitat: marine.

nitida, Julis Günther [A.] 1862:190 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 4; ref. 1969] Jamaica. Syntypes: BMNH 1848.1.12.1493-1494 (2), 2009.2.11.1 (1, stuffed/mounted LHS). •Synonym of Thalassoma bifasciatum (Bloch 1791) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:44 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma bifasciatum (Bloch 1791). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

nitidissima, Julis Goode [G. B.] 1877:293 [American Journal of Science and Arts (Series 3) v. 14 (no. 82) (art. 50); ref. 13360] Bermuda. Holotype (unique): USNM 21960. •Synonym of Thalassoma bifasciatum (Bloch 1791) -- (Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:295 [ref. 25013], Parenti & Randall 2000:44 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma bifasciatum (Bloch 1791). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

noronhana, Julis Boulenger [G. A.] 1890:483 [The Journal of the Linnean Society of London. Zoology v. 20; ref. 17035] Fernando de Noronha, Brazil. Syntypes: BMNH 1888.1.19.132-136 (5). •Valid as Thalassoma noronhanum (Boulenger 1890) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943], Rocha et al. 2001:106 [ref. 25301] with types as BMNH 39470, Gasparini & Floeter 2001:1645 [ref. 25634], Rocha & Rosa 2001:991 [ref. 25909], Costagliola et al. 2003:379 [ref. 27455], Feitoza et al. 2003:69 [ref. 26943], Moura et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:92 [ref. 27192], Bernardi et al. 2004:371 [ref. 27454], Vaske et al. 2005:77 [ref. 36155], Kuiter 2010:198 [ref. 35285], Pinheiro et al. 2015:26 [ref. 34324], Carvalho-Filho et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:465 [ref. 38945], Carvalho-Filho 2023:211 [ref. 40480]). Current status: Valid as Thalassoma noronhanum (Boulenger 1890). Labridae. Distribution: Southwestern Atlantic: Maranhão south to São Paulo (Brazil), including Fernando de Noronha and St. Paul's Rocks (Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago). IUCN (2023): Not assessed. Habitat: marine.

obscura, Julis Günther [A.] 1880:61, Pl. 26 (figs. A-B) [Report on the shore fishes procured during the voyage of H. M. S. Challenger in the years 1873-1876 v. 1 (pt 6); ref. 2011] Honolulu, Oahu Island, Hawaiian Islands. Syntypes: BMNH 1879.5.14.26-28 (3), NMI block reg. no. 114.1899 (1). Type catalog: Wheeler & O'Riordan 1969:97 [ref. 20752]. •Synonym of Thalassoma ballieui (Vaillant & Sauvage 1875) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:44 [ref. 24943], Mundy 2005:447 [ref. 28379], Randall 2007:343 [ref. 30952]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma ballieui (Vaillant & Sauvage 1875). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

ornatus, Labrus Gronow [L. T.] in Gray 1854:83 [Catalogue of fish collected and described by Laurence Theodore Gronow; ref. 1911] Antilles and American Ocean. No types known. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Labrus ornatus Carmichael 1819. •Synonym of Thalassoma bifasciatum (Bloch 1791) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:44 [ref. 24943]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma bifasciatum (Bloch 1791). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

pavo, Labrus Linnaeus [C.] 1758:283 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Mediterranean Sea at Syria. No types known. •Valid as Crenilabrus pavo (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Herrera 1896:58 [ref. 39336]). •Valid as Thalassoma pavo (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Bauchot & Quignard 1973:442 [ref. 7204], Quignard & Pras in Whitehead et al. 1986:941 [ref. 13676], Gomon & Forsyth 1990:879 [ref. 19219], Allen 1995:76 [ref. 21960], Porteiro et al. 1996:33 [ref. 23330], Santos et al. 1997:97 [ref. 23531], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:201 [ref. 24545], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:498 [ref. 24023], Arruda 1997:96 [ref. 24952], Anderson et al. 1998:26 [ref. 23611], Afonso et al. 1999:77 [ref. 25466], Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:371 [ref. 25191], Rocha et al. 2001:105 [ref. 25301], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:116 [ref. 26753], Bernardi et al. 2004:372 [ref. 27454], Costagliola et al. 2003:379 [ref. 27455], Dulĉić 2004:75 [ref. 27743], Randall & Bartsch 2004:125 [ref. 28671], Golani 2005:51 [ref. 37112], Fricke et al. 2007:95 [ref. 29533], Fricke 2008:49 [ref. 30182], Kuiter 2010:202 [ref. 35285], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:55 [ref. 36649], Wirtz et al. 2013:130 [ref. 32972], Westneat in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2757 [ref. 34618], Martins & Carneiro 2018:172 [ref. 36550], Artüz & Fricke 2019:558 [ref. 36612], Carneiro et al. 2019:286 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:99 [ref. 36864], Encarnação et al. 2019:3 [ref. 37002], Bariche & Fricke 2020:76 [ref. 37515], Kovačić et al. 2020:39 [ref. 37519], Golani 2021:67 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:71 [ref. 39014], Fermon et al. 2022:290 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Thalassoma pavo (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Distribution: Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; eastern Atlantic: Portugal south to Gabon, including Azores, Madeira and Canary Islands. Habitat: marine.

polyodon, Labrus Walbaum [J. J.] 1792:250 [Petri Artedi sueci genera piscium Part 3; ref. 4572] No locality stated. No types known. Original as Labrus, (Garcetto) polyodon; Garcetto being a local name. •Questionably a synonym of Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:45 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

polyodon, Labrus Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.] 1801:263 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] No locality. No types known. •Questionably a synonym of Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

porphyrocephala, Julis Bennett [E. T.] 1833:183 [Proceedings of the Committee of Science and Correspondence of the Zoological Society of London 1832 (pt 2); ref. 16789] Sri Lanka. Holotype (unique): BMNH 2018.5.9.1 [ex Zool. Soc.]. •Synonym of Thalassoma lutescens (Lay & Bennett 1839) -- (Fricke 1999:443 [ref. 24106]). •Synonym of Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943], Randall & Victor 2022:259 [ref. 39916]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

prostigma, Julis Kuhl [H.] & van Hasselt [J. C.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1839:451 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 13; ref. 1007] Java, Indonesia. •Synonym of Thalassoma hardwicke (Bennett 1830) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:45 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma hardwicke (Bennett 1830). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

pulcherrimus, Labrus Forster [J. R.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1839:451 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 13; ref. 1007] Tahiti, Society Islands. Based on description in manuscript by Forster (Johann Reinhold Forster, 1729-1798, German explorer and naturalist of Cook's second voyage). •Synonym of Thalassoma hardwicke (Bennett 1830) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:45 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma hardwicke (Bennett 1830). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

punctatus, Julis Seale [A.] 1901:91 [Occasional Papers of the Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum of Polynesian Ethnology and Natural History v. 1 (no. 3); ref. 14357] Agaña, Guam, Mariana Islands, western Pacific. Holotype (unique): BPBM 148. •Synonym of Thalassoma purpureum (Forsskål 1775) -- (Randall & Edwards 1985:23 [ref. 17448], Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma purpureum (Forsskål 1775). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

purpuratus, Scarus Shaw [G.] 1803:397 [General zoology or systematic natural history v. 4; ref. 4014] Arabian Seas. No types known. Unneeded new name for or unjustified emendation of Scarus purpureus Forsskål 1775. •Synonym of Thalassoma purpureum (Forsskål 1775) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma purpureum (Forsskål 1775). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

purpureus, Scarus Forsskål [P. S.] in Niebuhr 1775:27, x [Descriptiones animalium (Forsskål); ref. 1351] Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea. No types known. Non type (Rüppell) material: SMF 12 (1). Authorship according to Fricke 2008:49 [ref. 30182]. Neotype designation by Fricke 1999:445 [ref. 24106] is invalid; see Fricke 2000:639 [ref. 24537]. •Valid as Thalassoma purpureum (Forsskål 1775) -- (Dor 1984:209 [ref. 29757], Araga in Masuda et al. 1984:205 [ref. 6441], Randall & Edwards 1985:23 [ref. 17448], Randall 1986:705 [ref. 5706], Allen & Swainston 1988:120 [ref. 25477], Pequeño 1989:64 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:207 [ref. 24556], Winterbottom et al. 1989:56 [ref. 13251], Randall et al. 1990:338 [ref. 15987], Kuiter 1993:288 [ref. 23929], Francis 1993:165 [ref. 25479], Randall & Mee 1994:306 [ref. 21641], Allen & Robertson 1994:207 [ref. 22193], Goren & Dor 1994:55 [ref. 25356], Allen 1995:76 [ref. 21960], Lee & Kim 1996:37 [ref. 25726], Allen 1997:194 [ref. 23977], Kuiter 1997:304 [ref. 25488], Randall et al. 1997:338 [ref. 25919], Myers 1999:202 [ref. 23965], Fricke 1999:444 [ref. 24106], Randall 1999:23 [ref. 25829], Allen 2000:91 [ref. 37268], Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943], Westneat in Randall & Lim 2000:630 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:990 [ref. 25182], Randall & Earle 2000:17 [ref. 25806], Allen 2000:114 [ref. 25868], Victor et al. 2001:282 [ref. 25613], Hutchins 2001:269 [ref. 25841], Hutchins 2001:39 [ref. 25847], Baldwin & McCosker 2001:92 [ref. 25779], Westneat 2001:3403 [ref. 26277], Nakabo 2002:990 [ref. 26193], Choi et al. 2003:368, 638 [ref. 26218], Allen & Adrim 2003:51 [ref. 26830], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S115 [ref. 27377], Bernardi et al. 2004:371 [ref. 27454], Lobel & Lobel 2004:74 [ref. 27576], Randall et al. 2004:23 [ref. 27624], Heemstra et al. 2004:3326 [ref. 27945], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:354 [ref. 28072], Randall 2005:441 [ref. 28239], Mundy 2005:448 [ref. 28379], Allen et al. 2006:1415 [ref. 29095], Randall 2007:345 [ref. 30952], Fricke 2008:49 [ref. 30182], Béarez & Séret 2009:150 [ref. 36646], Fricke et al. 2009:89 [ref. 30213], McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:193 [ref. 30957], Motomura et al. 2010:175 [ref. 31256], Kuiter 2010:189 [ref. 35285], Allen & Erdmann 2012:723 [ref. 31980], Fricke et al. 2013:267 [ref. 32706], Fricke et al. 2014:139 [ref. 33932], Delrieu-Trottin et al. 2015:7 [ref. 33988], Duffy & Ahyong 2015:117 [ref. 36167], Koeda et al. 2016:79 [ref. 35333], Koeda et al. 2016:14 [ref. 35354], Fricke et al. 2018:294 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:130 [ref. 36273], Arndt & Fricke 2019:20 [ref. 36883], Fricke et al. 2019:239 [ref. 36673], Hoschke et al. 2019:158 [ref. 36626], Zajonz et al. 2019:91 [ref. 36871], Randall & Victor 2022:260 [ref. 39916]). Current status: Valid as Thalassoma purpureum (Forsskål 1775). Labridae. Distribution: Red Sea; Indo-Pacific: Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), East Africa, Socotra (Yemen), Seychelles, Comoros, Madagascar and Mascarenes (La Réunion, Mauritius, Rodrigues) east to Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.), Marquesas Islands (French Polynesia) and Easter Island (Chile), north to southern Japan and Ogasawara Islands (Japan), south to Rottnest Island (Western Australia), northern New South Wales (Australia), Lord Howe Island (Australia), New Caledonia and Kermadec Islands; eastern Pacific: Clipperton Island (France). Habitat: marine.

pyrrhovinctum, Thalassoma Jenkins [O. P.] 1901:51, Fig. 7 [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 19 [1899]; ref. 14757] Honolulu, Oahu Island, Hawaiian Islands. Holotype: CAS-SU 6138 (missing). Paratypes: CAS-SU 23332 (13). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:87 [ref. 12291]. •Synonym of Thalassoma duperrey (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:45 [ref. 24943], Mundy 2005:447 [ref. 28379]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma duperrey (Quoy & Gaimard 1824). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

quadricolor, Julis Lesson [R. P.] 1828:400 [Mémoires de la Société d'Histoire Naturelle Paris (sér. 2) v. 4; ref. 2775] Tahiti, Matavai and Borabora. Syntypes: MNHN A-1872 (1) Tahiti. Type catalog: Bauchot 1963:65 [ref. 19171] as holotype. •Synonym of Thalassoma purpureum (Forsskål 1775) -- (Randall & Edwards 1985:23 [ref. 17448], Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943], Mundy 2005:448 [ref. 28379]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma purpureum (Forsskål 1775). Labridae.

quindecimaculeatus, Labrus Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1801:432, 480, Pl. 25 (fig. 1) [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 3; ref. 2710] Gulf of India. Syntypes: MNHN B-2151 (4, dry) Mauritius, B-2152 (6, dry) Mauritius, A-9191 (1) Indian seas. Type catalog: Bauchot 1963:89-90 [ref. 19171]. Originally quindecim-aculeatus. •Synonym of Thalassoma hardwicke (Bennett 1830) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:45 [ref. 24943], Randall & Victor 2022:257 [ref. 39916]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma hardwicke (Bennett 1830). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

quinquevittatus, Scarus Lay [G. T.] & Bennett [E. T.] 1839:66, Pl. 19 (fig. 3) [The zoology of Captain Beechey's voyage; ref. 2730] Ryukyu Islands, Japan. Holotype (unique): not preserved. Based on a drawing by Beechey; originally as Scarus? quinque-vittatus. Treated as a nomen protectum by Randall & Parenti 1999:30 [ref. 24276]. •Valid as Thalassoma quinquevittata (Lay & Bennett 1839) -- (Dor 1984:209 [ref. 29757]). •Valid as Thalassoma quinquevittatum (Lay & Bennett 1839) -- (Araga in Masuda et al. 1984:205 [ref. 6441], Randall & Edwards 1985:27 [ref. 17448], Randall 1986:705 [ref. 5706], Winterbottom et al. 1989:56 [ref. 13251], Randall et al. 1990:339 [ref. 15987], Kuiter 1993:289 [ref. 23929], Francis 1993:165 [ref. 25479], Randall & Mee 1994:306 [ref. 21641], Allen 1995:76 [ref. 21960], Allen 1997:196 [ref. 23977], Chen et al. 1997:134 [ref. 26476], Kuiter 1997:304 [ref. 25488], Randall et al. 1997:339 [ref. 25919], Myers 1999:202 [ref. 23965], Fricke 1999:445 [ref. 24106], Randall & Parenti 1999:30 [ref. 24276], Allen 2000:91 [ref. 37268], Parenti & Randall 2000:47 [ref. 24943], Westneat in Randall & Lim 2000:630 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:990 [ref. 25182], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:371 [ref. 25191], Randall & Earle 2000:17 [ref. 25806], Allen 2000:114 [ref. 25868], Randall & Miroz 2001:132 [ref. 25802], Hutchins 2001:269 [ref. 25841], Hutchins 2001:39 [ref. 25847], Westneat 2001:3403 [ref. 26277], Nakabo 2002:990 [ref. 26193], Allen & Adrim 2003:51 [ref. 26830], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S115 [ref. 27377], Bernardi et al. 2004:371 [ref. 27454], Myers & Donaldson 2003:636 [ref. 27495], Lobel & Lobel 2004:74 [ref. 27576], Randall et al. 2004:23 [ref. 27624], Randall 2005:441 [ref. 28239], Mundy 2005:449 [ref. 28379], Allen et al. 2006:1415 [ref. 29095], Randall 2007:346 [ref. 30952], Motomura et al. 2010:175 [ref. 31256], Kuiter 2010:192 [ref. 35285], Allen & Erdmann 2012:724 [ref. 31980], Fricke et al. 2013:267 [ref. 32706], Delrieu-Trottin et al. 2015:7 [ref. 33988], Koeda et al. 2016:79 [ref. 35333], Fricke et al. 2018:294 [ref. 35805], Arndt & Fricke 2019:20 [ref. 36883], Fricke et al. 2019:239 [ref. 36673], Ji & Kim 2022:226 [ref. 39899], Randall & Victor 2022:261 [ref. 39916]). Nomen Protectum. Current status: Valid as Thalassoma quinquevittatum (Lay & Bennett 1839). Labridae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), East Africa, Comoros and Madagascar east to Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.) and Easter Island (Chile), north to southern Korea and southern Japan, south to Western Australia, Lord Howe Island (Australia), New Caledonia and Tonga. Habitat: marine.

rapan, Julis Montrouzier [X.] 1857:473 [195] [Annales de la Société d'Agriculture, Histoire Naturelle et Arts Utiles de Lyon (sér. 2) v. 8 (1856); ref. 17789] Woodlark Island, South Pacific. No types known. On p. 195 of reprint. •Synonym of Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

robertsoni, Thalassoma Allen [G. R.] 1995:75, Figs. 1-2 [Revue française d'Aquariologie Herpétologie v. 22 (no. 3/4); ref. 21960] Clipperton Island, 10°18'N, 109°13'W, depth 15 meters. Holotype: WAM P.30993-001. Paratypes: MNHN 1995-0466 (7), USNM 337444 (6), WAM P.30993-002 (15). Type catalog: Moore et al. 2008:37 [ref. 30117]. •Valid as Thalassoma robertsoni Allen 1995 -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:47 [ref. 24943], Randall 2003:1 [ref. 26963], Bernardi et al. 2004:371 [ref. 27454], Béarez & Séret 2009:150 [ref. 36646], Kuiter 2010:199 [ref. 35285]). Current status: Valid as Thalassoma robertsoni Allen 1995. Labridae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Clipperton Island endemic. Habitat: marine.

rueppellii, Julis Klunzinger [C. B.] 1871:536 [Verhandlungen der K.-K. zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien v. 21; ref. 2622] Al-Qusair, Red Sea Governorate, Egypt, Red Sea. Lectotype: SMNS 21215 [ex SMNS 3557]. Paralectotypes: NMW 27523 (1); SMF 1148 (1), 2720 (1, dry), 20387 (1); SMNS 3557 (12); ZIN 2550 (1), 2559 (1). Type catalog: Fricke 1992:12 [ref. 20296], Fricke 2005:45 [ref. 29864]. Lectotype selected by Fricke 1999:442 [ref. 24106]. Originally spelled rüppellii, corrected to rueppellii by Kullander 2016:95 [ref. 34436]. Not technically preoccupied by Julis rueppellii Bennett 1831. Reported to have formed a hybrid with Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Randall & Miroz 2001:131 [ref. 25802]). •Synonym of Thalassoma klunzingeri Fowler & Steinitz 1956 -- (Randall & Edwards 1985:22 [ref. 17448]). •Valid as Thalassoma rueppellii (Klunzinger 1871) -- (Dor 1984:210 [ref. 29757], Parenti & Randall 2000:47 [ref. 24943], Randall & Miroz 2001:132 [ref. 25802], Bernardi et al. 2004:371 [ref. 27454], Kuiter 2010:193 [ref. 35285], DiBattista et al. 2015:20 [ref. 35706], Bogorodsky & Randall 2018:[5] 243 [ref. 36492], Golani & Fricke 2018:130 [ref. 36273], Zajonz et al. 2019:91 [ref. 36871] as cf. rueppellii, Randall & Victor 2022:261 [ref. 39916]). Nomen Protectum. Current status: Valid as Thalassoma rueppellii (Klunzinger 1871). Labridae. Distribution: Red Sea endemic. Habitat: marine.

sanctaehelenae, Julis Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1839:382 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 13; ref. 1007] Saint Helena Island, South Atlantic. Syntypes: MNHN A-9197 (2). Type catalog: Bauchot 1963:67 [ref. 19171]. Original as Sanctae Helenae •Synonym of Thalassoma ascensionis (Quoy & Gaimard 1834) -- (Gomon & Forsyth 1990:878 [ref. 19219]). •Valid as Thalassoma sanctaehelenae (Valenciennes 1839) -- (Allen 1995:76 [ref. 21960], Edwards & Glass 1987:654 [ref. 9166], Parenti & Randall 2000:47 [ref. 24943], Rocha et al. 2001:105 [ref. 25301], Bernardi et al. 2004:372 [ref. 27454], Costagliola et al. 2003:379 [ref. 27455], Randall & Bartsch 2004:125 [ref. 28671], Wirtz et al. 2014:9 [ref. 33516], Westneat in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2743 [ref. 34618], Brown et al. 2019:174 [ref. 36444]). Current status: Valid as Thalassoma sanctaehelenae (Valenciennes 1839). Labridae. Distribution: Southern central Atlantic: Saint Helena and Ascension islands endemics (possibly introduced at Ascension). Habitat: marine.

schwanefeldii, Julis (Julis) Bleeker [P.] 1853:288 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 4 (no. 2); ref. 12580] Cauer, Sumatra, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. Bleeker specimen non type: BMNH 1862.2.28.75 (1). Later spelled schwanefeldii by Bleeker. •Valid as Thalassoma schwanefeldii (Bleeker 1853) -- (Kuiter 2010:193 [ref. 35285] as schwanenfeldii). •Synonym of Thalassoma hardwicke (Bennett 1830) -- (Randall et al. 1990:337 [ref. 15987], Parenti & Randall 2000:45 [ref. 24943], Randall 2005:439 [ref. 28239], Parenti & Randall 2018:24 [ref. 35964]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma hardwicke (Bennett 1830). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

semicoeruleus, Julis Rüppell [W. P. E. S.] 1835:10, Pl. 3 (fig. 1) [Neue Wirbelthiere zu der Fauna von Abyssinien gehörig. Fische des Rothen Meeres; ref. 3844] Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea. Lectotype: SMF 1148. Paralectotypes: SMF 2708 (1), ?2720 (1), 2741 (1), 20387 (1). •Synonym of Thalassoma purpureum (Forsskål 1775) -- (Dor 1984:209 [ref. 29757] as semicaeruleus, Randall & Edwards 1985:23 [ref. 17448], Randall 1986:705 [ref. 5706], Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943], Randall & Victor 2022:260 [ref. 39916]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma purpureum (Forsskål 1775). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

semifasciatus, Julis Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1839:448 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 13; ref. 1007] Mauritius, Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean. Syntypes: MNHN A-8306 (1, dry, mounted), A-9190 (1), A-9191 (1), A-9193 (1), B-2151 (4, dry), B-2152 (6, dry). Type catalog: Bauchot 1963:68-69 [ref. 19171]. •Synonym of Thalassoma hardwicke (Bennett 1830) -- (Fricke 1999:434 [ref. 24106], Parenti & Randall 2000:45 [ref. 24943], Randall & Victor 2022:258 [ref. 39916]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma hardwicke (Bennett 1830). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

semilunatus, Labrus Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1804:205 [Annales du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris v. 4; ref. 12515] Australia. No types known. Originally as semi-lunatus. •Questionably a synonym of Thalassoma lutescens (Lay & Bennett 1939 or Lacepède 1804) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943]). •Incertae sedis in Labrinae -- (Allen et al. 2006:1417 [ref. 29095]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma lutescens (Lay & Bennett 1839). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

septemfasciata, Thalassoma Scott [T. D.] 1959:84, Fig. 4 [Transactions Royal Society of South Australia v. 82; ref. 12026] Shark Bay, Western Australia. Holotype (unique): SAMA F2984 (larger of 2 specimens in jar). Type catalog: Glover 1976:173 [ref. 19449]. •Valid as Thalassoma septemfasciata [or septermfasciatum] Scott 1959 -- (Allen & Swainston 1988:120 [ref. 25477], Randall & Mee 1994:302 [ref. 21641], Allen 1995:76 [ref. 21960], Allen 1997:194 [ref. 23977], Parenti & Randall 2000:47 [ref. 24943], Hutchins 2001:269 [ref. 25841], Hutchins 2001:39 [ref. 25847], Randall 2003:1 [ref. 26963], Bernardi et al. 2004:371 [ref. 27454], Allen et al. 2006:1415 [ref. 29095] as septemfasciatum, Kuiter 2010:204 [ref. 35285], Hoschke et al. 2019:158 [ref. 36626]). Current status: Valid as Thalassoma septemfasciatum Scott 1959. Labridae. Distribution: Southeastern Indian Ocean: Western Australia. Habitat: marine.

socorroense, Thalassoma Gilbert [C. H.] 1890:69 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 13 (no. 797); ref. 1623] Socorro Island, Revillagigedo Islands, off western Mexico. Syntypes: USNM 43084 (4), 46889-90 (1, 1). •Synonym of Thalassoma virens Gilbert 1890 -- (Randall 1995:673 [ref. 21650], Parenti & Randall 2000:47 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma virens Gilbert 1890. Labridae. Habitat: marine.

souleyetii, Julis Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1839:457 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 13; ref. 1007] Mauritius, Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean; Hawaiian Islands. Syntypes: MNHN (1, not found) [Mathieu spec. and Bauchot's holotype], A-9172 (2), 9017 (2). Type catalog: Bauchot 1963:69 [ref. 19171] as holotype and paratypes. •Synonym of Thalassoma trilobatum (Lacepède 1801) -- (Fricke 1999:446 [ref. 24106], Parenti & Randall 2000:47 [ref. 24943], Mundy 2005:449 [ref. 28379], Randall & Victor 2022:262 [ref. 39916]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma trilobatum (Lacepède 1801). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

squamimarginatus, Julis Bowdich [S. L.] 1825:234, Fig. 53 [Fishes of Madeira; ref. 590] Gambia River. No types known. Originally as squami-marginatus. •Synonym of Thalassoma pavo (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Gomon & Forsyth 1990:879 [ref. 19219], Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943], Parenti 2019:7 [ref. 36934]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma pavo (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

steindachneri, Thalassoma Jordan [D. S.] 1890:654 [United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries, Report of the Commissioner v. 15 (for 1887) (art. 7); ref. 2392] Acapulco, Mexico. •Synonym of Thalassoma lucasanum (Gill 1862) -- (Randall 1995:670 [ref. 21650], Parenti & Randall 2000:45 [ref. 24943]). •Synonym of Thalassoma amblycephalum (Bleeker 1856) -- (authors). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma lucasanum (Gill 1862). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

subfurcatus, Bermudichthys Nichols [J. T.] 1920:62 [Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington v. 33; ref. 3173] Bermuda. Holotype: AMNH 7314. Paratypes: (1). •Synonym of Thalassoma bifasciatum (Bloch 1791) -- (Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:295 [ref. 25013], Parenti & Randall 2000:44 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma bifasciatum (Bloch 1791). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

syriacus, Labrus Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.] 1801:244 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] Syria, eastern Mediterranean Sea. No types known. •Synonym of Thalassoma pavo (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Bauchot & Quignard 1973:442 [ref. 7204], Gomon & Forsyth 1990:879 [ref. 19219], Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma pavo (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

taeniata, Julis unimaculata var. Lowe [R. T.] 1841:37 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1840 (pt. 8, no. 89); ref. 2830] Madeira [Macaronesia, Portugal, eastern North Atlantic]. No types known. A syntype of Julis unimaculata is probably used to describe the variety. •Synonym of Thalassoma pavo (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Gomon & Forsyth 1990:879 [ref. 19219], Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma pavo (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

torquata, Julis turcica var. Lowe [R. T.] 1843:1, Pl. 1 [A history of the fishes of Madeira; ref. 2833] Off Madeira. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Thalassoma pavo (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Gomon & Forsyth 1990:879 [ref. 19219], Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma pavo (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

torquatus, Labrus Walbaum [J. J.] 1792:245 [Petri Artedi sueci genera piscium Part 3; ref. 4572] Antilles. No types known. •Synonym of Thalassoma bifasciatum (Bloch 1791) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:44 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma bifasciatum (Bloch 1791). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

torquatus, Labrus bifasciatus var. Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.] 1801:243 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] Antilles. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Labrus torquatus Walbaum 1792. •Synonym of Thalassoma bifasciatum (Bloch 1791) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:44 [ref. 24943]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma bifasciatum (Bloch 1791). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

trifasciatus, Pseudojulis Weber [M.] 1913:380, Fig. 76 [Die Fische der Siboga-Expedition; ref. 4602] Eastern Indian Achipelago: Karkaralong Islands, Nusa Laut, Tiur; Siboga stations 129, 234, and 248. Syntypes: (4) ZMA 112465-67 (1, 1, 1). Type catalog: Nijssen et al. 1982:92 [ref. 19236]. •Synonym of Thalassoma amblycephalum (Bleeker 1856) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:44 [ref. 24943]). •Synonym of Thalassoma amblycephalus (Bleeker 1856). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma amblycephalus (Bleeker 1856). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

trilobatus, Labrus Lacepède [B. G. E.] (ex Commerson) 1801:454, 526, Pl. 4 (fig. 3) [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 3; ref. 2710] Grand Océan équatorial [Indo-West Pacific]. Syntypes: (all dry) MNHN B-2146 to 2150 (2, 2, 2, 2, 2). Type catalog: Bauchot 1963:92 [ref. 19171]. Based on description and illustration in manuscript by Commerson (Philibert Commerson, 1727-1773, French explorer and naturalist). •Valid as Thalassoma trilobatum (Lacepède 1801) -- (Araga in Masuda et al. 1984:205 [ref. 6441], Randall 1986:705 [ref. 5706], Paulin et al. 1989:207 [ref. 24556], Winterbottom et al. 1989:57 [ref. 13251], Randall et al. 1990:339 [ref. 15987], Kuiter 1993:289 [ref. 23929], Francis 1993:165 [ref. 25479], Randall & Mee 1994:302 [ref. 21641], Allen 1995:76 [ref. 21960], Allen 1997:196 [ref. 23977], Randall et al. 1997:339 [ref. 25919], Fricke 1999:446 [ref. 24106], Johnson 1999:745 [ref. 25471], Randall 1999:23 [ref. 25829], Allen 2000:91 [ref. 37268], Parenti & Randall 2000:47 [ref. 24943], Westneat in Randall & Lim 2000:630 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:990 [ref. 25182], Randall & Earle 2000:17 [ref. 25806], Hutchins 2001:269 [ref. 25841], Hutchins 2001:39 [ref. 25847], Westneat 2001:3403 [ref. 26277], Nakabo 2002:990 [ref. 26193], Allen & Adrim 2003:51 [ref. 26830], Randall 2003:1 [ref. 26963], Bernardi et al. 2004:371 [ref. 27454], Myers & Donaldson 2003:636 [ref. 27495], Lobel & Lobel 2004:74 [ref. 27576], Randall et al. 2004:23 [ref. 27624], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:355 [ref. 28072], Randall 2005:442 [ref. 28239], Mundy 2005:449 [ref. 28379], Allen et al. 2006:1416 [ref. 29095], Randall 2007:346 [ref. 30952], Fricke et al. 2009:89 [ref. 30213], Motomura et al. 2010:175 [ref. 31256], Kuiter 2010:190 [ref. 35285], Allen & Erdmann 2012:724 [ref. 31980], Fricke et al. 2013:267 [ref. 32706], Fricke et al. 2014:139 [ref. 33932], Delrieu-Trottin et al. 2015:7 [ref. 33988], Duffy & Ahyong 2015:117 [ref. 36167], Koeda et al. 2016:79 [ref. 35333], Koeda et al. 2016:14 [ref. 35354], Fricke et al. 2018:294 [ref. 35805], Arndt & Fricke 2019:20 [ref. 36883], Dalleau-Coudert et al. 2019:170 [ref. 40104], Fricke et al. 2019:239 [ref. 36673], Hoschke et al. 2019:158 [ref. 36626], Akaike et al. 2021:25 [ref. 38809], Randall & Victor 2022:262 [ref. 39916]). Current status: Valid as Thalassoma trilobatum (Lacepède 1801). Labridae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), East Africa, Seychelles, Madagascar and western Mascarenes (La Réunion, Mauritius) east to Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.) and Pitcairn Group, north to Kagoshima Prefecture (southern Japan) and Ogasawara Islands (Japan), south to Rottnest Island (Western Australia), northern New South Wales (Australia), New Caledonia, Kermadec Islands, Tonga and Rapa (French Polynesia). Habitat: marine.

trimaculatus, Julis Rüppell [W. P. E. S.] 1835:13 [Neue Wirbelthiere zu der Fauna von Abyssinien gehörig. Fische des Rothen Meeres; ref. 3844] Massawa, Eritrea, Red Sea. Holotype (unique): SMF 1145. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Julis trimaculatus Quoy & Gaimard 1834. •Synonym of Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Dor 1984:209 [ref. 29757], Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943], Golani & Fricke 2018:130 [ref. 36273], Randall & Victor 2022:259 [ref. 39916]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

truncatus, Julis Cartier [O.] 1874:105 [Verhandlungen der Physikalisch-medizinischen Gesellschaft zu Würzburg, N. S. v. 5; ref. 17974] Cebu, Philippines. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

turcica, Julis Risso [A.] 1827:312, Pl. 9 (fig. 21) [Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l'Europe méridionale v. 3; ref. 3757] Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Type catalog: Bauchot 1963:75 [ref. 19171]. Based on Labrus hebraicus of Risso 1910 (not Lacepède). •Synonym of Thalassoma pavo (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Bauchot & Quignard 1973:442 [ref. 7204], Gomon & Forsyth 1990:879 [ref. 19219] as turcicia, Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:116 [ref. 26753]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma pavo (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

umbrostygma, Julis Rüppell [W. P. E. S.] 1835:11, Pl. 3 (fig. 2) [Neue Wirbelthiere zu der Fauna von Abyssinien gehörig. Fische des Rothen Meeres; ref. 3844] Al Muwaylih, Tabuk Province, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea; Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea. Syntypes: SMF 1484 (1), 2718 (1). Spelled umbrostigma by authors, but the original spelling is acceptable and need not be emended. •Valid as Thalassoma umbrostigma (Rüppell 1835) -- (Pequeño 1989:64 [ref. 14125]). •Synonym of Thalassoma purpureum (Forsskål 1775) -- (Dor 1984:209 [ref. 29757], Randall & Edwards 1985:23 [ref. 17448], Randall 1986:705 [ref. 5706], Randall et al. 1990:338 [ref. 15987], Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943], Mundy 2005:448 [ref. 28379], Randall 2007:345 [ref. 30952], Fricke et al. 2018:294 [ref. 35805], Randall & Victor 2022:260 [ref. 39916]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma purpureum (Forsskål 1775). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

unimaculata, Julis Lowe [R. T.] 1841:37 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1840 (pt. 8, no. 89); ref. 2830] Madeira, eastern Atlantic. Syntypes: BMNH 1855.11.29.16 (2). The syntypes of Julis unimaculata are probably used to describe two varieties, lineolata and taeniata (male and female). •Synonym of Thalassoma pavo (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Bauchot & Quignard 1973:442 [ref. 7204], Gomon & Forsyth 1990:879 [ref. 19219], Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma pavo (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

urostigma, Julis (Julis) Bleeker [P.] 1853:287 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 4 (no. 2); ref. 12580] Cauer, Sumatra, Indonesia. Holotype (unique) (?): BMNH 1862.2.28.131. •Synonym of Thalassoma hardwicke (Bennett 1830) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:45 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma hardwicke (Bennett 1830). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

ventralis, Julis De Vis [C. W.] 1885:884 [Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales v. 9 (pt 4); ref. 1091] Moreton Bay, Queensland, Australia. Holotype (unique): QM I.3087. •Synonym of Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943], Allen et al. 2006:1414 [ref. 29095]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

verticalis, Julis Smith [R.] & Swain [J.] 1882:135 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 5 (no. 272); ref. 14298] Johnston Island, Pacific. Holotype (unique): USNM 26829. •Synonym of Thalassoma ballieui (Vaillant & Sauvage 1875) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:44 [ref. 24943], Mundy 2005:447 [ref. 28379], Randall 2007:343 [ref. 30952]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma ballieui (Vaillant & Sauvage 1875). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

virens, Thalassoma Gilbert [C. H.] 1890:68 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 13 (no. 797); ref. 1623] Socorro Island, Revillagigedo Islands, off western Mexico. Syntypes: USNM 46892 (1), 46894 (1), 46897 (1). •Valid as Thalassoma virens Gilbert 1890 -- (Randall 1995:673 [ref. 21650], Allen & Robertson 1994:207 [ref. 22193], Allen 1995:76 [ref. 21960], Gomon in Fischer et al. 1995:1224 [ref. 22830], Myers 1999:202 [ref. 23965], Parenti & Randall 2000:47 [ref. 24943], Bernardi et al. 2004:371 [ref. 27454], Nelson et al. 2004:156 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:137 [ref. 37547], Kuiter 2010:204 [ref. 35285], Page et al. 2013:161 [ref. 32708], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:610 [ref. 34923], Love et al. 2021:178 [ref. 39279]). Current status: Valid as Thalassoma virens Gilbert 1890. Labridae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: southern tip of Baja California Sur (Mexico); southwestern Gulf of California (Mexico), Revillagigedo Islands (Mexico), and Clipperton Island (France). Habitat: marine.

viridis, Labrus Bloch [M. E.] 1791:129, Pl. 282 [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 5; ref. 4867] Japan. Syntypes: ZMB 8579 (1, missing), 8590 (1, right skin). Type catalog: Paepke 1999:91 [ref. 24282]. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Labrus viridis Linnaeus 1758; replacement not researched. On p. 104 of Bloch's Ichthyologie, v. 8 [ref. 21381]. •Synonym of Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Fricke 1999:442 [ref. 24106], Parenti & Randall 2000:45 [ref. 24943]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

vulgaris, Julis Valenciennes [A.] 1843:65 [Ichthyologie des îles Canaries v. 2 (pt 2); ref. 4502] Canary Islands. No types known. Not Julis vulgaris Valenciennes 1839. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Julis vulgaris Fleming 1828 and Valenciennes 1829. •Valid as Labrus vulgaris (Valenciennes 1843) -- (Herrera 1896:58 [ref. 39336]). •Synonym of Thalassoma pavo (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Gomon & Forsyth 1990:879 [ref. 19219], Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma pavo (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

whitmii, Julis Günther [A.] 1909:291, Pl. 148 (fig. A) [Journal des Museum Godeffroy v. 6 (no. 16); ref. 14377] Raiatea, Society Islands. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1874.11.19.54. •Synonym of Thalassoma lutescens (Lay & Bennett 1839) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:46 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma lutescens (Lay & Bennett 1839). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

zeylanicus, Labrus Forster [J. R.] 1781:24, Pl. 13 (fig. 3) [Zoologia Indica Selecta Tabulis; ref. 18090] Sri Lanka. No types known. Neotype designation by Fricke 1999:442 [ref. 24106] is invalid; see Fricke 2000:639 [ref. 24537]. Misspelled zeulondicus in Bloch & Schneider 1801:247, but corrected in corrigenda. As Labrus zelonicus in Gmelin 1789:1287 [ref. 19139]. •Synonym of Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:45 [ref. 24943], Randall & Victor 2022:259 [ref. 39916]). Current status: Synonym of Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine.