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Please look in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes for authorships of sections, Families of Fishes (all), and related information. Species in the genus Xyrichtys: [ 33 ] records argentimaculata, Xyrichthys Steindachner [F.] 1861:134 [Verhandlungen der K.-K. zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien v. 11; ref. 18747] Cape of Good Hope, South Africa. Syntypes: NMW 28509-10 (2). Original genus should have been Xyrichtys. •Synonym of Xyrichtys novacula (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Randall 1986:706 [ref. 5706], Gomon & Forsyth 1990:881 [ref. 19219], Parenti & Randall 2000:49 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Xyrichtys novacula (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine. binghami, Xyrichthys Mowbray [L. L.] 1925:1, Fig. [Marine Life, Occasional Paper v. 1 (no. 1); ref. 15803] Double-headed Shot Cat, Cay Sal Bank, Bahamas, depth 3 fathoms. Holotype: YPM 13. Paratypes: YPM 265 (5), 266 (2), 392 (1, mounted), 394 (1). Type catalog: Moore & Boardman 1991:14 [ref. 16741]. Description also published in Breder 1925:64-65, Fig. 28 [ref. 635]. Original genus should have been Xyrichtys. •Synonym of Xyrichtys novacula (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Gomon & Forsyth 1990:881 [ref. 19219], Parenti & Randall 2000:49 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Xyrichtys novacula (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine. blanchardi, Novaculichthys Cadenat [J.] & Marchal [E.] 1963:1293, Fig. 42 [Bulletin de l'Institut Français d'Afrique Noire (Sér A) Sciences Naturelles v. 25 (no. 4); ref. 4333] West of Catherine Point, Ascension Island, depth 35-40 meters. Lectotype: MNHN 1963-0212. Paralectotypes: (1). Genus misspelled Novaculachthys in main heading on p. 1293. Selection of lectotype not researched; not designated here. •Valid as Xyrichtys blanchardi (Cadenat & Marchal 1963) -- (Edwards & Glass 1987:655 [ref. 9166], Gomon & Forsyth 1990:880 [ref. 19219], Parenti & Randall 2000:48 [ref. 24943], Kuiter 2010:371 [ref. 35285], Parenti & Randall 2011:37 [ref. 31299], Wirtz et al. 2014:9 [ref. 33516], Westneat in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2743 [ref. 34618], Brown et al. 2019:174 [ref. 36444]). Current status: Valid as Xyrichtys blanchardi (Cadenat & Marchal 1963). Labridae. Distribution: Southern central Atlantic: Ascension and Saint Helena islands endemic. Habitat: marine. copei, Hemipteronotus Fowler [H. W.] 1900:508, Pl. 20 (fig. 1) [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 52; ref. 14727] Oahu Island, Hawaiian Islands [locality questionable, likely from tropical Atlantic]. Holotype: ANSP 521. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:117 [ref. 13621], with comments on type locality. •Synonym of Xyrichtys novacula (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Gomon & Forsyth 1990:881 [ref. 19219], Parenti & Randall 2000:49 [ref. 24943], Mundy 2005:450 [ref. 28379]). Current status: Synonym of Xyrichtys novacula (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine. coryphaenoides, Novacula Schinz [H. R.] 1822:430 [Das Thierreich v. 2; ref. 3926] Middle Sea. Unneeded replacement name for and objective synonym of Coryphaena novacula Linnaeus 1758 (see Daget 1968:1058 [ref. 26392]). •Objective synonym of Hemipteronotus novacula (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Daget 1968:1058 [ref. 26392]). •Objective synonym of Xyrichtys novacula (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:49 [ref. 24943]). Replacement Name. Current status: Synonym of Xyrichtys novacula (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine. coryphena, Novacula Risso [A.] 1827:334 [Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l'Europe méridionale v. 3; ref. 3757] Mediterranean Sea. Substitute name for Coryphaena novacula Linnaeus 1758. •Synonym of Xyrichtys novacula (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Bauchot & Quignard 1973:443 [ref. 7204], Gomon & Forsyth 1990:881 [ref. 19219], Parenti & Randall 2000:49 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Xyrichtys novacula (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine. cultratus, Xyrichthys Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1840:37, Pl. 391 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 14; ref. 4882] Martigues; Montpellier, France; [Ivica] Ibiza, Balearic Islands, Mediterranean Sea; Seide. Syntypes: MNHN 0000-664 (2) Messina, 0000-6503 (1) Madeira, A-9090 (2) Naples, A-9091 (1) Athens. Type catalog: Bauchot 1963:112-113 [ref. 19171]. Based on Coryphaena novacula Linnaeus 1758 and specimens. Original genus should have been Xyrichtys. •Synonym of Xyrichtys novacula (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Bauchot & Quignard 1973:443 [ref. 7204], Gomon & Forsyth 1990:881 [ref. 19219], Parenti & Randall 2000:49 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Xyrichtys novacula (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine. granulatus, Amorphocephalus Bowdich [S. L.] 1825:238, Fig. 36 [Fishes of Madeira; ref. 590] Boa Vista, Cape Verde Islands. No types known. •Synonym of Xyrichtys novacula (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Bauchot & Quignard 1973:443 [ref. 7204], Gomon & Forsyth 1990:881 [ref. 19219], Parenti & Randall 2000:49 [ref. 24943], Parenti 2019:7 [ref. 36934]). Current status: Synonym of Xyrichtys novacula (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine. incandescens, Xyrichtys Edwards [A. J.] & Lubbock [R.] 1981:233, Fig. 1 [Revue Suisse de Zoologie v. 88 (no. 1); ref. 8608] Baía do Sancho, Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, Brazil, depth 8 meters. Holotype: MZUSP 14633. Paratypes: BMNH 1980.3.18.1 (1), MNHG 2029.01 (1). •Valid as Xyrichtys incandescens Edwards & Lubbock 1981 -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:49 [ref. 24943], Moura et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:92 [ref. 27192], Kuiter 2010:372 [ref. 35285], Parenti & Randall 2011:37 [ref. 31299], Carvalho-Filho et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:466 [ref. 38945], Carvalho-Filho 2023:212 [ref. 40480]). Current status: Valid as Xyrichtys incandescens Edwards & Lubbock 1981. Labridae. Distribution: Southwestern Atlantic: Ceará and Maranhão (Brazil), including Atol das Rocas and Fernando de Noronha Archipelago (Brazil). IUCN (2010): Least Concern. Habitat: marine. infirmus, Xyrichthys Bean [T. H.] 1891:199, Pl. 29 (fig. 2) [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 8 (art. 4) (for 1888); ref. 14497] Cozumel, Yucatán, Mexico. Lectotype: USNM 37076. Paralectotypes: USNM 37076 (3 of 4). Lectotype established (as figured specimen) in caption to Pl. 241, p. 3282 in Jordan & Evermann 1900 [ref. 2446] if figured specimen is identifiable. Original genus should have been Xyrichtys. •Synonym of Xyrichtys martinicensis Valenciennes 1840 -- (Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:398 [ref. 24550], Parenti & Randall 2000:49 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Xyrichtys martinicensis Valenciennes 1840. Labridae. Habitat: marine. jessiae, Xyrichthys Jordan [D. S.] 1888:698 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 10 (no. 675); ref. 10477] Off Tampa Bay, Florida, U.S.A. (stomach content). Holotype (unique): USNM 39420 (poor condition). Original genus should have been Xyrichtys. •Synonym of Xyrichtys novacula (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Gomon & Forsyth 1990:881 [ref. 19219], Parenti & Randall 2000:49 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Xyrichtys novacula (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine. linea, Coryphaena Linnaeus [C.] 1766:448 [Systema naturae sive regna tria naturae v. 1 (pt 1); ref. 2786] Carolina, U.S.A. No types known. Part of description of Coryphaena psittacus, not a genus and species; not available -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:64 [ref. 24943]). May date to Müller 1776 as Coryphaena lineata. •In the synonymy of Xyrichtys novacula (Linnaeus 1758). Current status: Synonym of Xyrichtys novacula (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. lineata, Coryphaena Gmelin [J. F.] 1789:1195 [Caroli a Linné ... Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae v. 1 (pt 3); ref. 18139] Charleston, South Carolina, U.S.A. No types known. •Synonym of Xyrichtys novacula (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Bauchot & Quignard 1973:443 [ref. 7204], Gomon & Forsyth 1990:881 [ref. 19219], Parenti & Randall 2000:49 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Xyrichtys novacula (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine. lineatus, Xyrichthys Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1840:50 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 14; ref. 4882] Martinique Island, West Indies. Original genus should have been Xyrichtys. •Synonym of Xyrichtys martinicensis Valenciennes 1840 -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:49 [ref. 24943]). •Synonym of Xyrichtys novacula (Linnaeus 1758) -- (authors). Current status: Synonym of Xyrichtys martinicensis Valenciennes 1840. Labridae. Habitat: marine. lineolata, Coryphaena Rafinesque [C. S.] 1810:33 [Caratteri di alcuni nuovi generi e nuove specie di animali e piante della Sicilia; ref. 3594] Palermo, Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Also appeared in Rafinesque 1810:30 [ref. 3595]. •Synonym of Xyrichtys novacula (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Bauchot & Quignard 1973:443 [ref. 7204], Gomon & Forsyth 1990:881 [ref. 19219], Parenti & Randall 2000:49 [ref. 24943], Parenti 2019:102 [ref. 37117]). Current status: Synonym of Xyrichtys novacula (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine. martinicensis, Xyrichthys Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1840:49 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 14; ref. 4882] Martinique Island, West Indies. Syntypes: MNHN A-9094 (2). Type catalog: Bauchot 1963:110 [ref. 19171]. Original genus should have been Xyrichtys. •Valid as Hemipteronotus martinicensis (Valenciennes 1840) -- (Robins & Ray 1986:206 [ref. 23100], Cervigón 1992:347 [ref. 23827], Cervigón 1993:422 [ref. 24474]). •Valid as Xyrichtys martinicensis Valenciennes 1840 -- (Edwards & Lubbock 1981:236 [ref. 8608], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:398 [ref. 24550], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:295 [ref. 25013], Parenti & Randall 2000:49 [ref. 24943], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:164 [ref. 27754], Rocha & Rosa 2001:991 [ref. 25909] as Xirichthys cf. martinicensis, Westneat 2003:1718 [ref. 27105], Nelson et al. 2004:156 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:524 [ref. 28815], García-Hernández et al. 2009:93 [ref. 37265] as Xyrichthys m., Kuiter 2010:371 [ref. 35285], Page et al. 2013:161 [ref. 32708], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:65 [ref. 33341], Shen & Clark 2016:33 [ref. 34165], Robertson et al. 2020:157 [ref. 38098], Carvalho-Filho et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:467 [ref. 38945], Bennema & van Moorsel 2022:71 [ref. 39585], Carvalho-Filho 2023:212 [ref. 40480], Martínez-Servín et al. 2023:114 [ref. 40726]). Current status: Valid as Xyrichtys martinicensis Valenciennes 1840. Labridae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Florida (U.S.A.) and Bahamas south to northeastern Brazil, including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. IUCN (2010): Least Concern. Habitat: marine. modestus, Xyrichthys Poey [F.] 1867:238 [Repertorio Fisico-Natural de la Isla de Cuba v. 2; ref. 14078] Havana, Cuba. No types known. Original genus should have been Xyrichtys. •Synonym of Xyrichtys martinicensis Valenciennes 1840 -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:49 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Xyrichtys martinicensis Valenciennes 1840. Labridae. Habitat: marine. mundiceps, Xyrichthys Gill [T. N.] 1862:143 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 14 (nos 3-4); ref. 1662] Cape San Lucas, Baja California, Mexico. Syntypes: BMNH 1862.5.21.14 [ex USNM] (1); MCZ 36002 [ex USNM 8082] (5); USNM 4370 (13), 8082 (50+). Original genus should have been Xyrichtys. •Valid as Xyrichtys mundiceps Gill 1862 -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:49 [ref. 24943], Thomson et al. 2000:185 [ref. 25640], Victor et al. 2001:103 [ref. 26031], Nelson et al. 2004:156 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:137 [ref. 37547], Kuiter 2010:372 [ref. 35285], Parenti & Randall 2011:37 [ref. 31299], Page et al. 2013:161 [ref. 32708], Victor et al. 2013:565 [ref. 32724], Love et al. 2021:178 [ref. 39279]). Current status: Valid as Xyrichtys mundiceps Gill 1862. Labridae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Pacific coast of Baja California Sur (Mexico) south to central Mexico, including southern and central Gulf of California (Mexico) Habitat: marine. novacula, Coryphaena Linnaeus [C.] 1758:262 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Opinion 1799 suppresses Hemipteronotus so the correct combination is Xyrichtys novacula. •Valid as Hemipteronotus novacula (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Robins & Ray 1986:206 [ref. 23100], Boschung 1992:156 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:347 [ref. 23827], Westneat 2003:1719 [ref. 27105], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:525 [ref. 28815], Fricke et al. 2007:95 [ref. 29533], Wirtz et al. 2007:15, 37 [ref. 30263], Parenti & Randall 2011:37 [ref. 31299], Page et al. 2013:161 [ref. 32708]). •Valid as Xyrichtys novacula (Linnaeus 1758) [sometimes with genus as Xyrichthys] -- (Bauchot & Quignard 1973:442 [ref. 7204], Quignard & Pras in Whitehead et al. 1986:941 [ref. 13676], Randall 1986:706 [ref. 5706], Gomon & Forsyth 1990:880 [ref. 19219], Cervigón 1993:423 [ref. 24474], Andreata & Séret 1996:587 [ref. 16204], Porteiro et al. 1996:33 [ref. 23330], Santos et al. 1997:97 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:96 [ref. 24952], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:296 [ref. 25013], Afonso et al. 1999:77 [ref. 25466], Parenti & Randall 2000:49 [ref. 24943], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:164 [ref. 27754], Gasparini & Floeter 2001:1646 [ref. 25634], Rocha & Rosa 2001:991 [ref. 25909] in Xirichthys, Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:116 [ref. 26753] in Xyrichthys, Moura et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:93 [ref. 27192], Smith et al. 2003:44 [ref. 27621], Nelson et al. 2004:156 [ref. 27807], Golani 2005:51 [ref. 37112] as Xyrichthys n., Fricke 2008:49 [ref. 30182], Kuiter 2010:369 [ref. 35285], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:56 [ref. 36649] as Xyrichthys n., Wirtz et al. 2013:130 [ref. 32972], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:65 [ref. 33341], Pinheiro et al. 2015:27 [ref. 34324], Shen & Clark 2016:33 [ref. 34165], Westneat in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2758 [ref. 34618], Artüz & Fricke 2019:558 [ref. 36612], Carneiro et al. 2019:287 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:99 [ref. 36864], Nirchio et al. 2019:[4] [ref. 36497], Reiner 2019:244 [ref. 38139], Bariche & Fricke 2020:76 [ref. 37515], Kovačić et al. 2020:39 [ref. 37519], Robertson et al. 2020:157 [ref. 38098], Golani 2021:68 [ref. 38303] as Xyrichthys novacula, Carvalho-Filho et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:468 [ref. 38945], Kovačić et al. 2021:71 [ref. 39014], Fermon et al. 2022:290 [ref. 39448], Carvalho-Filho 2023:211 [ref. 40480], Hoff et al. 2023:7 [ref. 40463]). Current status: Valid as Xyrichtys novacula (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: southern Florida (U.S.A.) south to São Paulo (Brazil), including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea; Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; eastern Atlantic: Spain south to Gabon, including Azores (Portugal), Madeira (Portugal), Canary Islands (Spain), Cape Verde Islands, and São Tomé and Principe. IUCN (2010): Least Concern. Habitat: marine. pentadactylus, Blennius Forsskål [P. S.] 1775:xix [Descriptiones animalium (Forsskål); ref. 1351] Name only, not available (from Malta); not an independent species description, but a misidentification of the species Coryphaena pentadactylus (non Linnaeus, 1758), erroneously or deliberately placed in the genus Blennius -- (Fricke 2008:49 [ref. 30182]). •In the synonymy of Xyrichtys novacula (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Fricke 2008:49 [ref. 30182]). Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Xyrichtys novacula (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine. perlas, Xyrichtys Wellington [G. M.], Allen [G. R.] & Robertson [D. R.] 1994:49, Figs. 1-3 [Revue française d'Aquariologie Herpétologie v. 21 (no. 1/2); ref. 21565] Isla San Jose, Perlas Islands, (Pacific) Panama, 8°14'N, 79°02'W, depth 12-15 meters. Holotype: USNM 316912. Paratypes: CAS 76101 (2), BPBM 36418 (2), LACM 45903-1 (2), USNM 316913 (3), WAM P.30178-001 (2). Type catalog: Moore et al. 2008:37 [ref. 30117]. •Valid as Novaculichthys perlas (Wellington, Allen & Robertson 1994) -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:32 [ref. 24943], Thomson et al. 2000:185 [ref. 25640]). •Synonym of Xyrichtys mundiceps Gill 1862 -- (Victor et al. 2001:106 [ref. 26031], Kuiter 2010:372 [ref. 35285], Parenti & Randall 2011:35 [ref. 31299], Victor et al. 2013:565 [ref. 32724]). Current status: Synonym of Xyrichtys mundiceps Gill 1862. Labridae. Habitat: marine. psittacus, Coryphaena Linnaeus [C.] (ex Garden) 1766:448 [Systema naturae sive regna tria naturae v. 1 (pt 1); ref. 2786] Carolina [South Carolina, U.S.A.]. Holotype (unique): Linn. Soc. Lond. 142 (right half-skin). Type catalog: Goode & Bean 1885:195 [ref. 1841], Wheeler 1985:65 [ref. 20705]. Based on 'Parrotfish' in manuscript description and specimen sent by A. Garden [South Carolina]. •Synonym of Xyrichtys novacula (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Bauchot & Quignard 1973:442 [ref. 7204], Randall 1986:706 [ref. 5706], Gomon & Forsyth 1990:880 [ref. 19219], Parenti & Randall 2000:49 [ref. 24943]). •Valid as Xyrichtys psittacus (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Kuiter 2010:370 [ref. 35285]). Current status: Synonym of Xyrichtys novacula (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine. quinquemaculata, Coryphaena Shaw [G.] 1803:218 [General zoology or systematic natural history v. 4; ref. 4014] Indian seas. Originally as quinque-maculata. An unneeded new name for Coryphaena pentadactylus of earlier authors. •Synonym of Xyrichtys pentadactylus (Linnaeus 1758). Current status: Synonym of Xyrichtys pentadactylus (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine. rosipes, Xyrichthys Jordan [D. S.] & Gilbert [C. H.] 1884:27 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 7 (no. 402); ref. 12325] Key West, Florida, U.S.A. Syntypes: USNM 34968 (2, "typical specimens"). Original genus should have been Xyrichtys. •Synonym of Xyrichtys novacula (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Gomon & Forsyth 1990:881 [ref. 19219], Parenti & Randall 2000:49 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Xyrichtys novacula (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine. sanctaehelenae, Novacula Günther [A.] 1868:228 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1868 (pt 2) (art. 4) (for 26 Mar. 1868); ref. 1991] Saint Helena Island, South Atlantic. Lectotype: BMNH 1867.10.8.19. Paralectotype: BMNH 1867.12.26.5. Originally as sanctae helenae. Lectotype selected by Randall 1965:500 [ref. 29219]. •Valid as Xyrichtys sanctaehelenae (Günther 1868) -- (Edwards & Glass 1987:656 [ref. 9166], Gomon & Forsyth 1990:882 [ref. 19219], Parenti & Randall 2000:50 [ref. 24943], Wirtz et al. 2007:15, 37 [ref. 30263], Kuiter 2010:371 [ref. 35285], Parenti & Randall 2011:37 [ref. 31299], Wirtz et al. 2014:9 [ref. 33516], Westneat in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2743 [ref. 34618], Brown et al. 2019:175 [ref. 36444], Reiner 2019:245 [ref. 38139]). Current status: Valid as Xyrichtys sanctaehelenae (Günther 1868). Labridae. Distribution: Southern-central Atlantic: Saint Helena Island, Ascension Island; eastern Atlantic: São Tomé and Principe. Habitat: marine. splendens, Xyrichthys Castelnau [F. L.] 1855:28, Pl. 5 (fig. 2) [Animaux nouveaux or rares v. 2; ref. 766] Bahia, Brazil. Holotype (unique): MNHN A-9101. Type catalog: Bauchot 1963:111 [ref. 19171]. Original genus should have been Xyrichtys. •Valid as Hemipteronotus splendens (Castelnau 1855) -- (Robins & Ray 1986:206 [ref. 23100], Cervigón 1992:347 [ref. 23827], Cervigón 1993:425 [ref. 24474]). •Valid as Xyrichtys splendens Castelnau 1855 -- (Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:296 [ref. 25013], Parenti & Randall 2000:50 [ref. 24943], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:164 [ref. 27754], Collette et al. 2003:116 [ref. 26784], Westneat 2003:1720 [ref. 27105], Moura et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:93 [ref. 27192], Nelson et al. 2004:156 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:526 [ref. 28815], Kuiter 2010:370 [ref. 35285], Parenti & Randall 2011:37 [ref. 31299], Page et al. 2013:161 [ref. 32708], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:65 [ref. 33341], Pinheiro et al. 2015:27 [ref. 34324], Shen & Clark 2016:33 [ref. 34165], Robertson et al. 2016:147 [ref. 34961], Robertson et al. 2020:157 [ref. 38098], Carvalho-Filho et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:469 [ref. 38945], Bennema & van Moorsel 2022:71 [ref. 39585], Carvalho-Filho 2023:212 [ref. 40480]). Current status: Valid as Xyrichtys splendens Castelnau 1855. Labridae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Florida (U.S.A.) and Brmuda south to Rio de Janeiro (Brazil), including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. IUCN (2010): Least Concern. Habitat: marine. uniocellatus, Xyrichthys Agassiz [L.] in Spix & Agassiz 1831:97, Pl. 55 [Selecta genera et species piscium quos in itinere per Brasiliam; ref. 13] Brazil. Lectotype: MNHN A-7611. Paralectotypes: MNHN A-7611 (smaller spec.) Type information: Bauchot 1963:112 [ref. 19171] as 2 syntypes. Lectotype designated in Gomon & Forsyth 1990:881 [ref. 19219]. Also appeared as Spix in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1840:48 [ref. 4882]. Original genus should have been Xyrichtys. •Synonym of Xyrichtys novacula (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Gomon & Forsyth 1990:881 [ref. 19219], Parenti & Randall 2000:49 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Xyrichtys novacula (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine. ventralis, Xyrichthys Bean [T. H.] 1891:198, Pl. 29 (fig. 1) [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 8 (art. 4) (for 1888); ref. 14497] Cozumel, Yucatán, Mexico. Holotype (unique): USNM 37077 (apparently now 2 specimens in lot). Original genus should have been Xyrichtys. •Synonym of Xyrichtys splendens Castelnau 1855 -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:50 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Xyrichtys splendens Castelnau 1855. Labridae. Habitat: marine. venustus, Xyrichthys Poey [F.] 1876:152 [110] [Anales de la Sociedad Española de Historia Natural, Madrid v. 5 (for 5 Apr. 1876); ref. 3510] Martinique Island, West Indies. On p. 110 of separate. On Xyrichthys lineatus of Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1840:50 [ref. 4882]. Original genus should have been Xyrichtys. •Synonym of Xyrichtys martinicensis Valenciennes 1840 -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:49 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Xyrichtys martinicensis Valenciennes 1840. Labridae. Habitat: marine. vermiculatus, Xyrichthys Poey [F.] 1860:215 [Memorias sobre la historia natural de la Isla de Cuba v. 2; ref. 3499] Havana, Cuba. Holotype: USNM 4758. Original genus should have been Xyrichtys. •Synonym of Xyrichtys novacula (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Gomon & Forsyth 1990:881 [ref. 19219], Parenti & Randall 2000:49 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Xyrichtys novacula (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine. victori, Xyrichtys Wellington [G. M.] 1992:1054, Figs. 1-2 [Copeia 1992 (no. 4); ref. 20320] East side off Punta Espejo, Marchena Island, Galápagos Islands, depth 12 meters. Holotype: USNM 316910. Paratypes: BPBM 34760 (4); CAS 76100 (4); LACM 45136-1 (2), 45137-1 (2); USNM 316911 (3); WAM P.30177-001 (3). Type catalog: Moore et al. 2008:37 [ref. 30117]. •Valid as Xyrichtys victori Wellington 1992 -- (Allen & Robertson 1994:208 [ref. 22193], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:500 [ref. 24023], Parenti & Randall 2000:50 [ref. 24943], Thomson et al. 2000:185 [ref. 25640], Victor et al. 2001:282 [ref. 25613], Victor et al. 2001:106 [ref. 26031], McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:193 [ref. 30957], Kuiter 2010:373 [ref. 35285], Parenti & Randall 2011:37 [ref. 31299]). Current status: Valid as Xyrichtys victori Wellington 1992. Labridae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Cocos and Galápagos Islands. Habitat: marine. vitta, Xyrichthys Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1840:51 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 14; ref. 4882] No locality. Holotype: MNHN A-7610. Type catalog: Bauchot 1963:111 [ref. 19171], Bauchot & Daget 1996:244 [ref. 22899]. Original genus should have been Xyrichtys. •Synonym of Xyrichtys novacula (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Bauchot & Quignard 1973:443 [ref. 7204], Gomon & Forsyth 1990:881 [ref. 19219], Parenti & Randall 2000:49 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Xyrichtys novacula (Linnaeus 1758). Labridae. Habitat: marine. wellingtoni, Xyrichtys Allen [G. R.] & Robertson [D. R.] 1995:80, Fig. 1 [Revue française d'Aquariologie Herpétologie v. 22 (no. 3/4); ref. 21962] Clipperton Island, 10°18'N, 109°13'W, depth 18-20 meters. Holotype: WAM P.30994-001. Paratypes: USNM 337445 (5). Type catalog: Moore et al. 2008:37 [ref. 30117]. •Valid as Xyrichtys wellingtoni Allen & Robertson 1995 -- (Parenti & Randall 2000:50 [ref. 24943], Thomson et al. 2000:185 [ref. 25640], Victor et al. 2001:106 [ref. 26031], Kuiter 2010:372 [ref. 35285], Parenti & Randall 2011:37 [ref. 31299]). Current status: Valid as Xyrichtys wellingtoni Allen & Robertson 1995. Labridae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine. |