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Catalog Number

 CAS 0370-0779   CAS 0370-0779; Hat
Category Accessories/Ornaments; Basketry
Object Name Hat
Culture Achumawi
Global Region North America
Country USA
State/Prov./Dist. California
County Modoc, Siskiyou, Shasta, Lassen
Other Geographic Data unknown
Maker's Name Unknown
Date of Manufacture ca. early 1900s
Collection Name Elkus Collection (Native American)
Materials Hazel (Corylus cornuta var. californica) shoots; Conifer roots; Maidenhair fern (Adiantum sp.) stems; Bear grass (Xerophyllum tenax) leaves
Description Round woman’s hat with flat base and flaring sides; Woven in 2-strand twining with single row of lattice twining at junction of base and sides and single row of 3-strand twining around rim; Designs are in maidenhair fern in full-twist overlay stitch and consist of 2 concentric dashed bands on base and 5 vertical columns of stacked parallelograms on sides, all on background of bear grass.
Dimensions (cm) Height = 12.2, Max Diam = 20.0

Catalog Number

 CAS 0097-0003   CAS 0097-0003; Basket
Category Basketry
Object Name Basket
Culture Achumawi
Global Region North America
Country USA
State/Prov./Dist. California
County Modoc, Siskiyou, Shasta, Lassen
Other Geographic Data unknown
Maker's Name Unknown
Date of Manufacture early 1900s
Collection Name N/A
Materials Hazel (Corylus cornuta var. californica) shoots; Conifer roots; Bear grass (Xerophyllum tenax) leaves; Maidenhair fern (Adiantum sp.) stems; Redbud (Cercis canadensis var. texensis) shoots
Description Oval basket with flat base and vertical sides, woven in 3-strand twining on the base and in plain twining on sides; Single row of lattice twining along outer edge of base provides added structural support and also forms a footed base; Warp fibers are bent over at rim and incorporated into a bundle which is coil-wrapped in split redbud shoots; Warp material is hazel shoots and primary weft material is conifer roots; Designs on sides are woven in full-twist overlay technique, using black maidenhair fern stems on a background of natural colored bear grass stems, and consist of an elaborate terraced zigzag band comprising negative geometrics (possibly deer rib pattern), and 6 large cross-shaped motifs just below the rim; Final rows of twining just below rim alternate light and dark overlay materials.
Dimensions (cm) Height = 10.1, Width = 14.1, Length = 26.2

Catalog Number

 CAS 0097-0004   CAS 0097-0004; Basket
Category Basketry
Object Name Basket
Culture Achumawi
Global Region North America
Country USA
State/Prov./Dist. California
County Modoc, Siskiyou, Shasta, Lassen
Other Geographic Data unknown
Maker's Name Unknown
Date of Manufacture early 1900s
Collection Name N/A
Materials Hazel (Corylus cornuta var. californica) shoots; Conifer roots; Bear grass (Xerophyllum tenax) leaves; Maidenhair fern (Adiantum sp.) stems
Description Small round basket with flat base and rounded sides that curve inward slightly at the rim, woven primarily in plain twining with 3-strand twining on base and along final row of twining at rim; Warp fibers are clipped above rim; Warp material is hazel shoots and primary weft material is conifer roots; Designs on side are woven in full-twist overlay technique, using natural colored bear grass leaves for the background and black maidenhair fern stems for the actual designs, which consist of a band of 5 open diamonds (wolf's eye pattern) with triangle pendant atop each diamond, all framed between upper and lower framing lines that alternate light and dark overlay materials.
Dimensions (cm) Height = 7.8, Rim Diam = 11.0, Max Diam = 12.6

Catalog Number

 CAS 0108-0008   CAS 0108-0008; Basket
Category Basketry
Object Name Basket
Culture Achumawi
Global Region North America
Country USA
State/Prov./Dist. California
County Modoc, Siskiyou, Shasta, Lassen
Other Geographic Data Northeastern California
Maker's Name Unknown
Date of Manufacture late 1800s
Collection Name N/A
Materials Hazel (Corylus cornuta var. californica) shoots; Conifer roots; Bear grass (Xerophyllum tenax) leaves; Maidenhair fern (Adiantum sp.) stems; Redbud (Cercis canadensis var. texensis) shoots
Description Round basket with flat base and globose lower body whose sides taper inward and then rise vertically to form a short, but very wide neck with a straight rim; Basket is woven primarily in plain twining technique, with bands of 3-strand twining alternating with bands of plain twining on base; Warp material is hazel shoots and primary weft material is conifer roots; Designs are woven in full-twist overlay technique, using natural colored bear grass leaves as the background and black maidenhair fern stems for the actual designs, which consists of a wide zigzag band with serrated outer edges and overlaid by a narrow negative terraced zigzag line; Solid black line encircles rim and 2 large concentric circles (woven of bear grass leaves) decorate the base.
Dimensions (cm) Height = 19.1, Rim Diam = 21.2, Max Diam = 25.1

Catalog Number

 CAS 0145-0063   CAS 0145-0063; Basket
Category Basketry
Object Name Basket
Culture Achumawi
Global Region North America
Country USA
State/Prov./Dist. California
County Modoc, Siskiyou, Shasta, Lassen
Other Geographic Data unknown
Maker's Name Unknown
Date of Manufacture ca. early 1900s
Collection Name N/A
Materials Hazel (Corylus cornuta var. californica) shoots; Conifer roots; Bear grass (Xerophyllum tenax) leaves; Maidenhair fern (Adiantum sp.) stems
Description Round mush boiling basket with flat base and slightly rounded sides that slope inward slightly toward the rim; Basket is woven primarily in plain twining, with several bands of 3-strand twining on base; Warp material is hazel shoots and primary weft material is conifer roots; Designs on side are woven in full-twist overlay technique, using natural bear grass leaves as the background and black maidenhair fern stems for the actual designs, which include 2 parallel zigzag bands with serrated edges; Lower zigzag is only partially woven in overlay technique, allowing underlying conifer roots to form approx. half of the design, while the upper zigzag is woven almost entirely in overlay technique; Narrow black band encircles rim of basket and series of 8 small and widely spaced black dots encircle the lower sides.
Dimensions (cm) Height = 21.0, Rim Diam = ca. 25.0, Max Diam = ca. 28.5

Catalog Number

 CAS 0145-0099   CAS 0145-0099; Basket
Category Basketry
Object Name Basket
Culture Achumawi
Global Region North America
Country USA
State/Prov./Dist. California
County Modoc, Siskiyou, Shasta, Lassen
Other Geographic Data unknown
Maker's Name Unknown
Date of Manufacture early 1900s
Collection Name N/A
Materials Hazel (Corylus cornuta var. californica) shoots; Conifer roots; Bear grass (Xerophyllum tenax) leaves; Maidenhair fern (Adiantum sp.) stems
Description Round mush bowl basket with flat base, low shoulder, and in-curving sides; Woven primarily in 2-strand twining with 3-strand twining on base and just below rim; Design on side of basket are in full-twist overlay and consist of zigzag pattern comprising 3 parallel, terraced zigzag lines with pendant triangles on outside lines (mountain pattern).
Dimensions (cm) Height = 13.2, Rim Diam = ca. 13.5, Max Diam = 19.7

Catalog Number

 CAS 1983-0001-0011   CAS 1983-0001-0011; Basket
Category Basketry
Object Name Basket
Culture Achumawi
Global Region North America
Country USA
State/Prov./Dist. California
County Modoc, Siskiyou, Shasta, Lassen
Other Geographic Data unknown
Maker's Name Unknown
Date of Manufacture early 1900s
Collection Name N/A
Materials Hazel (Corylus cornuta var. californica) shoots; Conifer roots; Redbud (Cercis canadensis var. texensis) shoots; Bear grass (Xerophyllum tenax) leaves
Description Round basket with flat base, low shoulder, and gently in-curved sides; Woven primarily in 2-strand twining with 3-strand twining on base and around rim; Designs are in maidenhair fern in full-twist overlay and consist of geometric motif of triangles (possible variation of wolf's eye pattern) repeated 4 times on sides and dashed line around rim, all on background of bear grass.
Dimensions (cm) Height = 11.1, Rim Diam = 13.5, Max Diam = 17.2

Catalog Number

 CAS 1984-0011-0001   CAS 1984-0011-0001; Basket
Category Basketry
Object Name Basket
Culture Achumawi
Global Region North America
Country USA
State/Prov./Dist. California
County Modoc, Siskiyou, Shasta, Lassen
Other Geographic Data unknown
Maker's Name Unknown
Date of Manufacture late 1800s
Collection Name N/A
Materials Hazel (Corylus cornuta var. californica) shoots; Conifer roots; Bear grass (Xerophyllum tenax) leaves; Redbud (Cercis canadensis var. texensis) shoots
Description Large round basket with flat base and rounded sides that curve inward slightly toward rim; Woven primarily in 2-strand twining with 3-strand twining on the base; Designs are woven in full-twist overlay technique and consist of 6 diagonal terraced zigzag lines rising from base to rim, 3 of which are flanked on either side by diagonal columns of stacked black triangles; Narrow black line encircles rim.
Dimensions (cm) Height = 18.2, Rim Diam = 23.5, Max Diam = 28.9

Catalog Number

 CAS 1984-0011-0002   CAS 1984-0011-0002; Basket
Category Basketry
Object Name Basket
Culture Achumawi
Global Region North America
Country USA
State/Prov./Dist. California
County Modoc, Siskiyou, Shasta, Lassen
Other Geographic Data unknown
Maker's Name Unknown
Date of Manufacture late 1800s
Collection Name N/A
Materials Hazel (Corylus cornuta var. californica) shoots; Conifer roots; Bear grass (Xerophyllum tenax) leaves; Redbud (Cercis canadensis var. texensis) shoots
Description Round basket with flat base, lower body that flares to midlevel shoulder, and inward curving upper sides; Woven primarily in 2-strand twining with 3-strand twining on entire base; Designs on sides are in full-twist overlay and consist of large open, composite diamond motif comprising both positive and negative elements, repeated 4 times.
Dimensions (cm) Height = 21.5, Rim Diam = 26.5, Max Diam = 34.5

Catalog Number

 CAS 1992-0006-0006   CAS 1992-0006-0006; Basket
Category Basketry
Object Name Basket
Culture Achumawi
Global Region North America
Country USA
State/Prov./Dist. California
County Modoc, Siskiyou, Shasta, Lassen
Other Geographic Data unknown
Maker's Name Unknown
Date of Manufacture early 1900s
Collection Name N/A
Materials Hazel (Corylus cornuta var. californica) shoots; Conifer roots; Maidenhair fern (Adiantum sp.) stems, Bear grass (Xerophyllum tenax) leaves
Description Round basket with flat base and sides that flare out to mid-section and then gently curve in toward wide mouth; woven primarily in 2-strand twining; Designs are in maidenhair fern in full-twist overlay and consist of 2 bands, each comprising nine rectangular units with superimposed concentric diamonds (wolf's eye pattern), all on background of bear grass.
Dimensions (cm) Height = 13.9, Rim Diam = 19.0, Max Diam = 22.5

Catalog Number

 CAS 1996-0002-0002   CAS 1996-0002-0002; Basket
Category Basketry
Object Name Basket
Culture Achumawi
Global Region North America
Country USA
State/Prov./Dist. California
County Modoc, Siskiyou, Shasta, Lassen
Other Geographic Data unknown
Maker's Name Unknown
Date of Manufacture ca. 1914-1918
Collection Name N/A
Materials Hazel (Corylus cornuta var. californica) shoots; Spruce (Picea sp.) roots; Bear grass (Xerophyllum tenax) leaves; Maidenhair fern (Adiantum sp.) stems
Description Round basket with flat base and rounded sides; Woven primarily in 2-strand twining with 3-strand twining and single row of lattice twining on base; Designs are in full-twist overlay and consist of 5 terraced zigzags (each consisting of 4 parallel black lines) rising diagonally from base to rim, and a single black band just below rim, all on yellow bear grass background.
Dimensions (cm) Height = 11.0, Max Diam = 14.5
Catalog Number CAS 0370-1819   CAS 0370-1819; Basketry covered bottle
Category Basketry
Object Name Basketry covered bottle
Culture Achumawi
Global Region North America
Country USA
State/Prov./Dist. California
County Modoc, Siskiyou, Shasta, Lassen
Other Geographic Data unknown
Maker's Name Unknown
Date of Manufacture ca. late 1800s to early 1900s
Collection Name Elkus Collection (Native American)
Materials Glass; Hazel (Corylus cornuta var. californica) shoots; Conifer roots; Bear grass (Xerophyllum tenax) leaves; Maidenhair fern (Adiantum sp.) stems
Description Basketry-covered brown glass bottle (possibly beer bottle) with flat base, cylindrical body, tall straight neck, and handle attached at shoulder and rim; basket is woven primarily in plain twining technique, with several rows of 3-strand twining on base and in final row of twining at rim; Warp material is hazel shoots and primary weft material is conifer roots; Designs are woven in full-twist overlay technique, using natural colored bear grass leaves as the background and black maidenhair fern stems for the actual designs, which include circular ticked band on base, 3 bands of large 8-point stars or half-stars on the sides, a band of small parallelograms around the shoulder, and a narrow ticked band around the neck; Handle is decorated with spiral bands in alternating light and dark colors; Upper neck of bottle is exposed, indicating a woven basketry cap originally accompanied this piece.
Dimensions (cm) Height = 26.1, Width = 9.0, Rim Diam = 3.3, Max Diam = 7.7

Catalog Number

 CAS 1994-0010-0002   CAS 1994-0010-0002; Basket
Category Basketry
Object Name Basket
Culture Achumawi (?)
Global Region North America
Country USA
State/Prov./Dist. California
County Modoc, Siskiyou, Shasta, Lassen
Other Geographic Data unknown
Maker's Name Unknown
Date of Manufacture early 1900s
Collection Name N/A
Materials Tule or bulrush (Scirpus acutus) stems; Bulrush (Scirpus sp.) roots; Cattail (Typha latifolia) leaves or Bear grass (Xerophyllum tenax) leaves (?); Maidenhair fern (Adiantum sp.) stems
Description Round basket with semi-flat base and sides that flare out on lower half then rise vertically to rim; Woven in plain twining with 2 rows of lattice twining on underbody; Designs are in full-twist overlay and consist of concentric bands in bear grass on base and motif of 3 parallel vertical lines flanked by triangles repeated 5 times on sides, all on cattail leaves or bear grass (?) background.
Dimensions (cm) Height = 14.7, Max Diam = 19.8

Catalog Number

 CAS 1994-0008-0009   CAS 1994-0008-0009; Basket
Category Basketry
Object Name Basket
Culture Achumawi (?)
Global Region North America
Country USA
State/Prov./Dist. California
County Modoc, Siskiyou, Shasta, Lassen
Other Geographic Data unknown
Maker's Name Unknown
Date of Manufacture ca. early 1900s
Collection Name N/A
Materials Hazel (Corylus cornuta var. californica) shoots; Conifer roots; Bear grass (Xerophyllum tenax) leaves; Maidenhair fern (Adiantum sp.) stems
Description Large, deep, round basket with flat base and rounded, slightly in-curving sides; Woven primarily in 2-strand twining with 3-strand twining on base; Designs are in full-twist overlay and include 2 concentric bands in bear grass on base and 3 parallel, terraced diagonal zigzags flanked by solid black triangles and repeated 6 times on sides of basket.
Dimensions (cm) Height = 25.0, Rim Diam = 31.5, Max Diam = 38.0

Catalog Number

 CAS 0511-0001   CAS 0511-0001; Basket
Category Basketry
Object Name Basket
Culture Achumawi or Atsugewi
Global Region North America
Country USA
State/Prov./Dist. California
County Modoc, Siskiyou, Shasta, Lassen
Other Geographic Data unknown
Maker's Name Unknown
Date of Manufacture early 1900s
Collection Name N/A
Materials Hazel (Corylus cornuta var. californica) shoots; Conifer roots; Bear grass (Xerophyllum tenax) leaves; Maidenhair fern (Adiantum sp.) stems
Description Deep, round mush boiler basket with flat base, and slightly curved sides; Woven primarily in 2-strand twining with 3-strand twining on base and around rim; Designs are in full-twist overlay and consist of a wide elaborate zigzag band around the sides, comprising open rectangles, pendant triangles, and nested geometrics, all in maidenhair fern on background of bear grass.
Dimensions (cm) Height = 15.9, Rim Diam = 21.2, Max Diam = 21.7

Catalog Number

 CAS 0511-0002   CAS 0511-0002; Basket
Category Basketry
Object Name Basket
Culture Achumawi or Atsugewi
Global Region North America
Country USA
State/Prov./Dist. California
County Modoc, Siskiyou, Shasta, Lassen
Other Geographic Data unknown
Maker's Name Unknown
Date of Manufacture early 1900s
Collection Name N/A
Materials Hazel (Corylus cornuta var. californica) shoots; Conifer roots; Bear grass (Xerophyllum tenax) leaves; Redbud (Cercis canadensis var. texensis) shoots
Description Round basket with flat base and rounded sides sloping inward slightly toward rim; Woven primarily in 2-strand twining with 3-strand twining on base and at rim; Coiled rim is wrapped in redbud; Design on side of basket is in full-twist overlay and consists of wide, elaborate zigzag band of 2 parallel bands of stacked triangles and superimposed diagonal band (possible mountain design).
Dimensions (cm) Height = 9.2, Rim Diam = ca. 13.0, Max Diam = 14.5

Catalog Number

 CAS 0145-0103   CAS 0145-0103; Basket
Category Basketry
Object Name Basket
Culture Achumawi or Atsugewi
Global Region North America
Country USA
State/Prov./Dist. California
County Modoc, Siskiyou, Shasta, Lassen
Other Geographic Data unknown
Maker's Name Unknown
Date of Manufacture early 1900s
Collection Name N/A
Materials Hazel (Corylus cornuta var. californica) shoots; Conifer roots; Bear grass (Xerophyllum tenax) leaves; Maidenhair fern (Adiantum sp.) stems
Description Round mush boiling basket with flat base, low shoulder, and in-curving sides; Woven primarily in 2-strand twining with 3-strand twining on base; Designs on sides are in full-twist overlay and consist of 4 large open and contiguous diamonds that extend from lower side to rim, each one comprising diagonal bands of small squares with pendant triangles (bear foot pattern).
Dimensions (cm) Height = 15.8, Rim Diam = ca. 16.5, Max Diam = 24.0
Catalog Number CAS 0570-0001   CAS 0570-0001; Basket (unfinished)
Category Basketry
Object Name Basket (unfinished)
Culture Achumawi or Atsugewi
Global Region North America
Country USA
State/Prov./Dist. California
County Modoc, Siskiyou, Shasta, Lassen
Other Geographic Data unknown
Maker's Name Unknown
Date of Manufacture ca. early 1900s
Collection Name N/A
Materials Hazel (Corylus cornuta var. californica) shoots; Conifer roots; Bear grass (Xerophyllum tenax) leaves; Maidenhair fern (Adiantum sp.) stems
Description Basket in-progress with flat base and rounded sides; Upper portion of basket, including rim, is unfinished with ends of warp rods extending above woven portion; Woven primarily in 2-strand twining with 3-strand twining on base; Designs in full-twist overlay on side of basket consist of diagonal motif of very shallow stacked Z-shapes repeated 3 times and double diagonal zigzag.
Dimensions (cm) Height = 34.3, Max Diam = 19.0

Catalog Number

 CAS 2014-0002-0002   CAS 2014-0002-0002; Hat
Category Basketry
Object Name Hat
Culture Achumawi, Astarawi Band
Global Region North America
Country USA
State/Prov./Dist. California
County Modoc
Other Geographic Data Hot Springs Valley area
Maker's Name Unknown
Date of Manufacture ca. early 20th Century
Collection Name N/A
Materials Warp: tule cordage; Weft: tule leaves, nettle leaves
Description Woman’s round basketry hat with flat crown and high, flaring sides, woven entirely in plain twining with full-twist overlay over entire basket except for start; Start of hat is woven with 2-ply wefts of nettle woven over paired or triple warps; Design on top consists of circle of alternating tan and dark brown tule wefts; Design on sides consists of three parallel stepped zigzag lines, woven in dark brown tule wefts against tan background, and narrow band of alternating tan and dark brown checks just below rim; At rim, warps are bent over and taken up with the final row of twined wefts.
Dimensions (cm) Height = 10.7, Rim Diam = 18.7, Max Diam = 18.7

Catalog Number

 CAS 0442-0007A   CAS 0442-0007A; Basketry materials (Devil's claw)
Category Basketry; Raw Materials
Object Name Basketry materials (Devil's claw)
Culture Apache, Tohono O’odham (Papago), Akimel O’odham (Pima), or Chemehuevi
Global Region North America
Country USA
State/Prov./Dist. California, Arizona
County Imperial, CA, Pima, Yuma, AZ?
Other Geographic Data Southern areas of both states
Maker's Name Unknown
Date of Manufacture ca. 1950s to 1960s
Collection Name N/A
Materials Devil's claw (Martynia sp.)
Description Circular bundle of split devil's claw seed pod fibers for use as basket weaving weft fibers; For actual use, these fibers would be split one or more additional times, depending upon the size of the sewing elements desired.
Dimensions (cm) Thickness = ca. 2.5, Max Diam = ca. 11.0, Length = ca. 15.5
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