1 November 2000
A CATALOG OF SPHECIDAE OF MADAGASCAR
compiled by
Wojciech J. Pulawski
California Academy of Sciences, Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, CA 94 118, USA
phone: (415) 750-7236; fax: (415) 750-7228; e-mail: wpulawski@calacademy.org
This catalog is meant to include a complete list of Sphecidae known
to occur in Madagascar, with complete bibliographic references pertaining to each.
Genera and species are listed alphabetically. Data include a reference to the
original descriptions, status of the type specimen, the type locality and type
depository (in parentheses), as well al all subsequent references and synonyms.
Full bibliographic citations can be found at www.calacademy.org
(under Academy Research/Entomology/Bibliography of Sphecidae). Institutions where
type specimens are deposited are abbreviated as follows: BMNH: The Natural History Museum, London, formerly British Museum (Natural
History), Great Britain; As discussed by Arnold (1945:188), the following species recorded
from Madagascar by de Saussure (1892) actually do not occur there: Ammophila laevigata
F. Smith, Bembix olivacea Fabricius, Chlorion
lobatum (Fabricius),
Chlorion splendidum Fabricius (as Chlorion
forficula de Saussure),
Parapsammophila erythrocephala (Fabricius), Sphex sericeus (Fabricius) (as aurulentus Fabricius), Stizus
ruficornis Fabricius, and Bembecinus tridentatus
(Fabricius). The occurrence of Chalybion
spinolae (Lepeletier de Saint
Fargeau), also listed by Saussure, was not confirmed by subsequent authors. LIST OF GENERA AND SPECIES ALYSSON Alysson Panzer, 1806:169. Type species: Pompilus
spinosus Panzer, 1801, designated by Morice and Durrant, 1915:406. Alyson Jurine, 1807:195. Type species: Pompilus spinosus Panzer,
1801, by monotypy. madecassus Arnold Alysson madecassus Arnold, 1945:50, seyrigi Arnold Alysson seyrigi Arnold, 1945:49, AMMATOMUS Ammatomus A. Costa, 1859:36. Type species: Gorytes
coarctatus Spinola, 1808, by monotypy. biguttatus Arnold Ammatomus biguttatus Arnold, 1945:62, fallax Arnold Ammatomus fallax Arnold, 1945:61, madecassus (von Schulthess) Gorytes madecassus von Schulthess in Friederichs,
1918:48 (Madagascar: Diego Suarez). Nomen nudum. Gorytes madescassus von Schulthess, 1918:99, rubicundus Arnold Ammatomus rubicundus Arnold, 1945:65, seyrigi Arnold Ammatomus seyrigi Arnold, 1945:59, AMMOPHILA Ammophila W. Kirby, 1798:199. Type species: Sphex
sabulosus Linnaeus, 1758, designated by International Commission
on Zoological Nomenclature, 1946:571 (Opinion 180). Ammophylus Latreille, 1802b:332. Lapsus or emendation of Ammophila
W. Kirby, 1798. Miscus Jurine, 1807:130, no included species. Type species: Miscus
campestris (Latreille, 1809) [=Ammophila campestris Latreille,
1809], designataed by Shuckard, 1837:79 (one of the two species first included
in Miscus by Latreille, 1809:54). Ammophilus Latreille, 1829:322. Lapsus or emendation of Ammophila
W. Kirby, 1798. Coloptera Latreille, 1845:387. Type species: Coloptera barbara
Lepeletier, 1845, by monotypy. Argyrammophila Gussakovskij, 1928a:7. Type species: Ammophila
induta Kohl, 1901, by original designation. Apycnemia Leclercq, 1961c:211. Type species: Ammophila fallax
Kohl, 1884 [= Ammophila hungarica Mocsáry, 1883], by original designation. beniniensis imerinae de Saussure Ammophila imerinae de Saussure, 1892:435, As Ammophila rubiginosa: de Saussure, 1892:435 (Madagascar),
corrected to Sphex beninensis by Arnold, 1945:87; von Schulthess in
Friederichs, 1918:48 (Madagascar: Diego Suarez), present correction. AMMOPLANUS Ammoplanus Giraud, 1869:469. Type species: Ammoplanus
perrisi Giraud, 1869 [? = Ammoplanus wesmaeli Giraud, 1869], designated
by Pate, 1937c:7. Hoplocrabron De Stefani Perez, 1887:60. Type species: Hoplocrabron
marathroicus De-Stefani, 1887, by monotypy. Ammoplanellus Gussakovskij, 1931b:442 (as subgenus of Ammoplanus).
Type species: Ammoplanus chorasmius Gussakovskij, 1931, by original
designation. Raised to genus status by R. Bohart in Bohart and Menke,
1976:42, and treated as subgenus by Marshakov (1976a, 1979). Ceballosia Giner Marí, 1943c:285, junior homonym of Ceballosia
Mercet, 1921. Type species: Ammoplanus rjabovi Gussakovskij, 1931,
by original designation. Parammoplanus Pate, 1939:391. Type species: Ammoplanus apache
Pate, 1937, by original designation. Treated as subgenus of Ammoplanellus
by R. Bohart in Bohart and Menke, 1976:42. brevicornis Arnold Ammoplanus brevicornis Arnold, 1945:146, claripennis Arnold Ammoplanus claripennis Arnold, 1945:147, egregius Arnold Ammoplanus egregius Arnold, 1945:148, jucundus Arnold Ammoplanus jucundus Arnold, 1945:145, madecassus Kohl Ammoplanus madecassus Kohl, 1909:374, orientalis Arnold Ammoplanus madecassus var. orientalis Arnold,
1945:148, AMPULEX Ampulex Jurine, 1807:132. Type species: Chlorion
compressum of Latreille and of Fabricius [= Chlorion compressum
(Fabricius, 1804) = Sphex compressus Fabricius, 1781, designated by
Audouin, 1822:301. Pronaeus Latreille, 1809:56. Type species: Dryinus aeneus
Fabricius, 1804, designated by Latreille, 1810:438. Lorrhoeum Shuckard, 1837:18. Type species: Chlorion compressum
(Fabricius, 1804) [= Sphex compressus Fabricius, 1781], by original
designation and monotypy. Rhinopsis Westwood, 1844:68. Type species: Rhinopsis abbotti
Westwood, 1844 [= Ampulex canaliculata Say, 1823, by monotypy. Waagenia Kriechbaumer, 1874:55. Type species: Waagenia sikkimensis
Kriechbaumer, 1874, by monotypy. Chlorampulex de Saussure, 1892:441. Type species: Sphex compressus
Fabricius, 1781, designated by Pate, 1937c:18. compressa (Fabricius) Sphex compressus Fabricius, 1781:445, sex not indicated
(as compressa, incorrect original termination). Holotype or syntypes:
India: Kerala: Malabar (BMNH, Banks coll.). Fabricius, 1787:275, 1793:206.
As Chlorion compressum: Fabricius, 1804:219 (new combination,
redescription); Gistel, 1848:142 (Bourbon Island, description); Lucas, 1879:CLIX
(prey: Blatta americana). As Chlorampulex compressa:
de Saussure, 1892:443 (in key), 445 (new combination, redescription, Madagascar);
Nagy, 1971:103 (s. India, Singapore). As Ampulex compressa:
Jurine, 1807:134 (new combination, comparison with Ampulex fasciata);
Spinola, 1841:100 (diagnostic characters); Dahlbom, 1843:29 (redescription),
1845:439 (in key); F. Smith, 1856:268 (listed, wing venation variable),
1858a:99 (Moluccas, Borneo); Motschulsky, 1863:24 (Sri Lanka); Taschenberg,
1869:407 (India); Gerstaecker, 1871:852 (Kenya: Mombasa, Tanzania: Wanga);
Radoszkowski, 1891:580 (male genitalia); Kohl, 1893d:474, 482 (redescribed
in key), 491 (listed, synonymy), 1883e:183 (Zanzibar); Pérez, 1895b:210 (Seychelles
Islands, as compressus); Bingham, 1896a:441 (Sri Lanka: Pundaluoya),
1897:254 (redescription; Oriental Region to Africa); Dalla Torre, 1897:373
(listed); Bingham, 1902:217 (Pemba Island), 1903a:67 (Pemba Island); Cameron,
1903c:238 (listed); Rothney, 1903:105 (India: West Bengal: Barrackpore); Ashmead,
1904d:151 (Philippines); Cameron, 1907e:76 (Seychelles Islands); Vachal, 1907:114
and 1908:23 (New Caledonia, as compressus); Kohl, 1909:369 (Kenya:
Mombasa; Tanzania: Pemba Island); Turner, 1911b:368 (Seychelles Islands);
Bordage, 1912:71 (Réunion Island: life history); Dutt, 1912:227 (preying on
Periplaneta americana, dragging paralyzed prey); R. Turner, 1919b:238
(New Caledonia); Arnold, 1928a:221 (revision); Williams, 1942:221 (life history);
Giner Marí, 1945c:850 (India: Maharashtra: Bandra); Van Zwaluwenburg, 1950:14
(new to Molokai, Hawaii); Leclercq, 1954b:150 (Mauritius, Zanzibar, Ethiopia:
Daghabur), 1961d:101 (Saussure's records from Madagascar are doubtful); van
der Vecht, 1961a:11 (study of type); Guiglia, 1964:309 (southern Arabia);
Begum and Bose, 1976:26 (Bangladesh: Dakka); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:77
(listed); Leclercq, 1976b:201 (St. Helena Island), 202 (Madagascar); Krombein,
1979a:6 (Sri Lanka, revision); Casolari and Casolari Moreno, 1980:110 (specimens
in M. Spinola collection); Piek, Visser, and Veenendaal, 1984:195 (hunting
and ovipositing, effects of sting on prey behavior); Wu and Chou, 1985:154
(in key); Begum, Bose, and Howlander, 1989:127 life history in Bangladesh);
Leclercq, 1990b:114 (Madagascan records questionable); Begum, Khan, and Bose,
1995:174 (Bangladesh: Dhaka University Campus); Wu and Zhou, 1996:22 (revision
in Economic Insect Fauna of China); Wcislo, 1998:181 (proportions of antennae
in relations to parasitic/non-parasitic behavior); Libersat, Haspel, Casagrand,
and Fouad, 1999:333 (the sting of preys subesophageal ganglion blocks
fast motoneurons); Weisel-Eichler, Haspel, and Libersat, 1999:957 (sting induces prolonged
grooming in prey). Ampulex sinensis de Saussure, 1867:43, Chlorampulex striolata de Saussure, 1892:446, ASTATA Astata Latreille, 1796:xiii. Emendation of Astatus
Latreille, 1796:114. Astatus Latreille, 1796:114 (no species included). Type species:
Tiphia abdominalis Panzer, 1798 [= Sphex boops Schrank,
1781], designated by Latreille, 1802b:337 (first included species). See also
International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 1943a, Opinion 139. Dimorpha Panzer, 1806:26. Type species: Tiphia abdominalis
Panzer, 1798 [= Sphex boops Schrank, 1781], by monotypy. blanda de Saussure Astatus blandus de Saussure, 1892:519, minax Arnold Astata minax Arnold, 1945:43, ruficaudata hova Arnold Astata ruficaudata hova Arnold, 1945:46, rufofemorata Arnold Astata rufofemorata Arnold, 1945:44, BEMBECINUS Bembecinus A. Costa, 1859:4. Type species: Bembecinus
meridionalis A. Costa, 1859, by monotypy. Stizomorphus A. Costa, 1959:7. Type species: Vespa tridens
Fabricius, 1781, by monotypy. Gorystizus Minkiewicz, 1934:252. Not available: type species not
designated (Article 13b). Gorystizus Pate, 1937c:29. Type species: Vespa tridens Fabricius,
1781, by original designation. Validation of Gorystizus Minkiewicz,
1934. Lavia Rayment, 1953:23. Nomen nudum. assentator (Arnold) Stizus assentator Arnold, 1945:72, brooksi R. Bohart Bembecinus brooksi R. Bohart, 1997a:172, hirtiusculus (Arnold) Stizus hirtiusculus Arnold, 1945:74, mirus (Arnold) Stizus mirus Arnold, 1945:69, rectilateralis (Arnold) Stizus rectilateralis Arnold, 1945:75, spinicornis (de Saussure) Stizolarra spinicornis de Saussure, 1887:9, Stizus varians Arnold, 1945:73, wenzeli R. Bohart Bembecinus wenzeli R. Bohart, 1997a:176, BEMBIX Variant but improper spellings: Bembex and Bembyx
(transfer from Bembex to Bembix does not require parentheses
for the author: Article 51.3) Bembix Fabricius, 1775: Characteres Generum, p. [= xxiii], no included
species. Type species: Bembex rostrata of Fabricius, 1781 [= Apis
rostrata Linnaeus, 1758], designated by Latreille, 1810:438 (one of three
species included in Bembyx by Fabricius, 1775:361). Morice and Durrant
(1915:400) gave the first type species designation for the spelling of Bembix:
Apis rostrata Linnaeus, 1757. Bembyx Fabricius, 1775:361. Lapsus for Bembix Fabricius, 1775. Bembex Fabricius, 1776:122. Emendation of Bembix Fabricius,
1775. Apobembex Pate, 1937c:9. Type species: Bembex oculata of Latreille,
1805 [= Bembex oculata Panzer, 1801], by original designation. Epibembex Pate, 1937c:26. Type species: Apis rostrata Linnaeus,
1758, by original designation. hova de Saussure Bembex hova de Saussure, 1892:457, As Bembex madecassa: Handlirsch, 1893:734, latebrosa Kohl Bembex latebrosa Kohl, 1909:373, madecassa de Saussure Bembex madecassa de Saussure, 1890: pl. 11, fig. 2, Bembix militaris de Saussure, 1890: pl. 11, figs. 3, Bembex madecassa de Saussure, 1891:260, Bembex militaris de Saussure, 1891:260, Bembix militaris de Saussure, 1892:459, Bembex crinita de Saussure, 1891:260, As Bembex hova: de Saussure, 1892:458 ( CARINOSTIGMUS Carinostigmus Tsuneki, 1954a:3. Types species: Stigmus
congruus Walker, 1860, by original designation. Perissostigmus Krombein, 1984c:18, as subgenus of Carinostigmus.
Type species: Carinostigmus bucheilus Krombein, by original designation
and monotypy. nubilipennis (Arnold) Stigmus nubilipennis Arnold, 1945:149, tenellus (Arnold) Stigmus tenellus Arnold, 1945:151, CERCERIS Cerceris Latreille, 1802b:367. Type species: Philanthus
ornatus Fabricius, 1790 [= Sphex rybyensis Linnaeus, 1771], designated
by Latreille, 1810:438. Nectanebus Spinola, 1839:489. Type species: Nectanebus fischeri
Spinola, 1839, secondary homomym of Cerceris fischeri Spinola, 1839
[= Nectanebus histerisnicus Spinola, 1839], designated by Pate, 1937c:42
(said to be by original designation). Synonymized with Cerceris Latreille,
1802, by R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:55. Diamma Dahlbom, 1844:225. Type species: Diamma spinolae Dahlbom,
1844 [= Cerceris binodis Spinola, 1841], by monotypy. Junior homonym
of Diamma Westwood, 1835. Didesmus Dahlbom, 1845:502 Replacement name for Diamma Dahlbom,
1844. Apiraptrix Shestakov, 1923:101. Type species: Cerceris rybyensis
(Linnaeus, 1771) [= Sphex rybyensis Linnaeus, 1771], by original designation.
Apiratryx Balthasar, 1972:387 and 397 (lapsus). Paracerceris Brèthes, 1913b:127. Type species: Paracerceris tridentifera
Brèthes, 1913 [= Cerceris pollens Schletterer, 1887, by monotypy. Apicerceris Minkiewicz, 1934:253. Not available: type species not
designated (Article 13b). Bucerceris Minkiewicz, 1934:253. Type species: Cerceris bupresticida
Dufour, 1841, by monotypy. Stercobata Gussakovskij, 1935:445. Type species: Cerceris bupresticida
Dufour, 1841, by monotypy. Apicerceris Pate, 1937c:8. Type species: Sphex rybyensis Linnaeus,
1771, by original designation. Validation of Apicerceris Minkiewicz,
1934. aemula Arnold Cerceris aemula Arnold, 1945:37, aemuloides
Leclercq Cerceris aemuloides Leclercq, 1962b:209, argentifrons Guérin-Méneville Cerceris argentifrons Guérin-Méneville, 1844:445, [ Cerceris albotegulata Arnold, 1945:40, beharensis Leclercq Cerceris beharensis Leclercq, 1967b:63, clypearis de Saussure Cerceris clypearis de Saussure, 1887:25, dentiventris Arnold Cerceris dentiventris Arnold, 1945:35, duchesnei Arnold Cerceris duchesnei Arnold, 1945:31, formidolosa de Saussure Cerceris formidolosa de Saussure, 1891:261, gallienii Arnold Cerceris gallienii Arnold, 1945:32, Cerceris augagneuri Arnold, 1945:34, ssp. bekiliensis
Arnold Cerceris Gallienii var. bekiliensis Arnold, 1945:34, hildebrandti
de Saussure Cerceris hildebrandti de Saussure, 1891:261, lateridentata
Arnold Cerceris lateridentata Arnold, 1945:26, nenicra
de Saussure Cerceris nenicra de Saussure, 1887:25, Cerceris perfoveata Arnold, 1947:167, paleata
de Saussure Cerceris paleata de Saussure, 1891:262, Cerceris carnaria de Saussure, 1892:545, perfida
de Saussure Cerceris perfida de Saussure, 1890:pl. 19 fig. 10, Cerceris perfida de Saussure, 1891:262, Cerceris spinifrons de Saussure, 1891:262,
petiolata de Saussure Cerceris petiolata de Saussure, 1891:261, Cerceris petiolata de Saussure, 1892:555,
rasoherinae Arnold Cerceris rasoherinae Arnold, 1945:29, Cerceris rasoherinae var. debilis Arnold, 1945:30, seyrigi Arnold Cerceris seyrigi Arnold, 1945:27, spirans de Saussure Cerceris spirans de Saussure, 1892:553,
xanthostigma Arnold Cerceris xanthostigma Arnold, 1945:39, CHALYBION Chalybion Dahlbom, 1843:21. Type species:
"Chalybion caeruleum" [= Sphex caeruleus of Linnaeus, 1767:941 =
Sphex caeruleus Linnaeus, 1763 (nec Sphex caeruleus Linnaeus, 1758) = Sphex
cyaneus Fabricius, 1775 (nec Sphex cyaneus Linnaeus, 1758) = Pelopeus (sic)
californicus de Saussure, 1867], designated by Patton, 1880a:378. Chalybium Agassiz, 1846:77. Emendation of Chalybion
Dahlbom, 1843. Chalybium W. Schulz, 1906:192. Emendation of
Chalybion Dahlbom, 1843, homonym of Chalybium Agassiz, 1846. Hemichalybion Kohl, 1918:79. Type species: Pelopoeus
eckloni Dahlbom, 1845, designated by Pate, 1937c:30. bonneti Leclercq Chalybion bonneti Leclercq, 1966:55, madecassum (Gribodo) Pelopoeus madecassus Gribodo, 1883a:263,
As Sceliphron violaceum: de Saussure,
1892:449 (Madagascar), corrected to Sceliphron madecassum by Kohl,
1906a:193; Friederichs, 1918:33, 42 (life history) and von Schulthess in
Friederichs, 1918:48 (Madagascar: Antananarivo, Diego Suarez), corrected to
Chalybion madecassum by Hensen, 1988:27; Vesey-Fitzgerald, 1950:75
(new to Seychelles Islands), corrected to Chalybion madecassum by Hensen,
1988:27. Sceliphron purpurascens Pérez, 1895:211,
As Sceliphron bengalense: Cameron, 1907:76
(Seychelles Islands), corrected to Sceliphron madecassum by R. Turner,
1911b:369. CHLORION Chlorion Latreille, 1802b:333. Type species: Sphex
lobatus Fabricius, 1775, by monotypy. Chlorium W. Schulz, 1906:193. Emendation of Chlorion Latreille,
1802. maxillosum ciliatum (Fabricius) Sphex ciliatus Fabricius, 1787:275, sex not indicated (as ciliata,
incorrect original termination). Holotype: Sphex xanthoceros Illiger, 1801:193,: Sierra Leone. Synonymized
with Chlorion ciliatum by van der Vecht, 1961a:36. Strand, 1916b:102
(Angola: Benguela; original description copied and discussed). As
Sphex xanthocerus: Kohl, 1890:183 (revision), 1883e:183 (Tanzania:
Bagamoyo); Bingham, 1902:215 (Malawi); Brauns, 1911a:118 (South Africa: Orange
Free State); Morice, 1911:74 (Algeria: Bône); Bischoff, 1912:221 (Zaire: Kivu:
N shore of Lake Kivu); Mantero, 1915:324 (Libya); Gennerich, 1922:41 (morphology);
Berland, 1925c:154 (Angola), 1926b:164 (miscellaneous locality records); Schouteden,
1930:95 (Zaire); Valdeyron-Fabre, 1952:107 (prey: Brachytrypes megacephalus
Lepeletier), 1955:152 (preying behavior); Berland, 1956:1162 (in revision
of African Sphecini). As Chlorion xanthocerum: Arnold,
1928c:347 (revision), 1943:77 (Zaire). As Chlorion xanthoceros:
Leclercq, 1955h:40 (bibliographic references, variation), 43 (locality records),
1955i:405 (Rwanda), 1961b:47 (Zaire, as xanthoceros xanthoceros). Chlorion mandibulare Fabricius, 1804:218, Pepsis maxillaris Palisot de Beauvois, 1805:plate 1. As
Pronaeus maxillaris: Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845:331 (revision);
F. Smith, 1856:239 (listed); Radoszkowski, 1881:211 (Angola); Magretti, 1884b:579
(Sudan: Bahr el Salaam); Bradley, 1957:43 (Lepeletier's specimens in Turin);
Casolari and Casolari Moreno, 1980:110 (specimens in M. Spinola collection).
As Sphex maxillaris: Schouteden, 1930:95 (Zaire). As
Sphex xanthocerus var. maxillaris: Kohl, 1883e:183 (Mozambique);
W. Fox, 1896e:551 (Ethiopia: the Haud tribal area); Bischoff, 1912:221 (border
of Zaire and Uganda); Berland, 1952b:275 (boundary of Ivory Coast, Guinea,
and Liberia: Mt. Nimba), 1956:1163 (in revision of African Sphecini). As
Chlorion maxillaris: Gribodo, 1894:137 (Mozambique: Magnarra River).
As Chlorion xanthocerum var. maxillaris: Arnold,
1928c:348 (revision); Scott in Arnold, 1933a:370 (Ethiopia: Harar District
and Buno, as maxillare); Guiglia, 1940b:287 (Somalia). As
Chlorion xanthocerus maxillaris: Arnold, 1943:78 (Zaire); de Beaumont,
1962b:32 (redescription). As Chlorion xanthoceros maxillare:
Leclercq, 1955h:43 (locality records), 1961b:48 (Zaire). Chlorion varipenne Reiche and Fairmaire, 1850:451, sex not indicated.
Holotype or syntypes: Ethiopia: no specific locality (MNHN?). Synonymized
with Sphex xanthocerus by Kohl, 1890:183. F. Smith, 1856:246
(listed). Pronaeus instabilis F. Smith, 1856:240, Pronaeus affinis F. Smith, 1856:240, Chlorion fulvipes Gerstaecker in Peters, 1858:510, Chlorion subcyaneum Gerstaecker in Peters, 1858:511, Chlorion fulvipes Gerstaecker, 1862:482, Chlorion subcyaneum Gerstaecker, 1862:482. Objective synonym of Chlorion
subcyaneum Gerstaecker, 1858. Chlorion zonatum de Saussure, 1867:36, Sphex mandibularis var. unicolor de Saussure, 1867:37,
sex not indicated. Holotype or syntypes: Mozambique (NHMW). Synonymized with
Sphex xanthocerus by Kohl, 1890:183. As Chlorion xanthocerum
var. unicolor: Arnold, 1928c:348 (revision). As Chlorion
xanthocerum unicolor: Arnold, 1943:78 (Zaire). As Sphex
unicolor: Schouteden, 1930:95 (Zaire). As Chlorion xanthoceros
unicolor: Leclercq, 1955h:42 (locality records). ? Sphex cyanescens Radoszkowski, 1881:209, Chlorion columbianum Gribodo, 1883a:262, Sphex massaicus Cameron, 1908a:262, Sphex levilabris Cameron, 1910:137, Sphex xanthoceros var. kigonseranus Strand, 1916:102,
CROSSOCERUS (Pericrabro is excluded) Crossocerus Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau and Brullé,
1835:763. Type species: Crabro scutatus Fabricius, 1787 [= Sphex
palmipes Linnaeus, 1767], designated by Westwood, 1839:80. Blepharipus Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau and Brullé, 1835:728. Type
species: Blepharipus nigritus Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau and Brullé,
1835, designated by Ashmead, 1899d:215. Westwood's (1939:80) designataion
of Crabro dimidiatus Fabricius, 1781, as type species of Blepharipus
is invalid since this species was only questionably included in the taxon
by Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau and Brullé (1835:731). Cuphopterus A. Morawitz, 1866:252. Type species: Crabro subulatus
Dahlbom, 1845, by monotypy, = Blepharipus of authors accepting Westwood's
type species designation. Coelocrabro Thomson, 1874:262. Type species: Crabro pubescens
Shuckard, 1837 [= Blepharipus nigritus Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau
and Brullé, 1835], designated by Richards, 1935a:166. Hoplocrabro Thomson, 1874:262. Type species: Crabro quadrimaculatus
Fabricius, , 1793, by monotypy. Microcrabro de Saussure, 1892:574. Type species: Crabro micromegas
de Saussure, 1892, by monotypy. Dolichocrabro Ashmead, 1899d:216. Type species: Dolichocrabro
wickhami Ashmead, 1899, by original designation. Epicrossocerus Ashmead, 1899d:215. Type species: Crabro insolens
W. Fox, 1895, by original designation. Stenocrabro Ashmead, 1899d:216. Type species: Crabro planipes
W. Fox, 1895, by original designation. Synorhopalum Ashmead, 1899d:218. Type species: Crabro decorus
W. Fox, 1895, by original designation. Ischnolynthus Holmberg, 1903:472. Type species: Ischnolynthus
foveolatus Holmberg, 1903 [= Crabro elongatulus Vander Linden,
1892], by monotypy. Ablepharipus Perkins, 1913b:390. Type species: Ablepharipus podagricus
(Vander Linden, 1829) [= Crabro podagricus Vander Linden, 1829, by
monotypy. Acanthocrabro Perkins, 1913b:391. Type species: Acanthocrabro
vagabundus (Panzer, 1798) [= Crabro vagabundus Panzer , 1798],
by monotypy, = Blepharipus of Leclercq, 1954. Apocrabro Pate, 1944a:282. Type species: Crossocerus aeta
Pate, 1944, by original designation. Nothocrabro Pate, 1944a:314. Type species: Crabro nitidiventris
W. Fox, 1895, by original designation. Stictoptila Pate, 1944a:315. Type species: Crabro confertus
W. Fox, 1895 [= Crabro maculipennis F. Smith, 1856], by original designation. Yuchiba Pate, 1944a:272. Type species: Crossocerus xanthochilos
Pate, 1944, by original designation. Ainocrabro Tsuneki, 1954b:74. Type species: Crossocerus aino
(Tsuneki, 1947) [= Crabro aino Tsuneki, 19947], by original designation. Oxycrabro Leclercq, 1961h:74. Type species: Crabro acanthophorus
Kohl, 1892, by original designation. Paroxycrabro Leclercq, 1963:2. Type species: Crossocerus sotirus
Leclercq, 1963, by original designation and monotypy. Alicrabro Tsuneki, 1968g:7. Type species: Crossocerus rufiventris
Tsuneki, 1968, by original designation and monotypy. Apoides Tsuneki, 1968g: 5. Type species: Crossocerus alticola
Tsuneki, 1968, by original designation and monotypy. Neoblepharipus Leclercq, 1968c:98. Type species: Crossocerus potosusLeclercq,
1968, by original designation. Towada Tsuneki, 1970f:1. Type species: Crossocerus leclercqi
Tsuneki, 1959 [= Crabro flavitarsus Tsuneki, 1947], by original designation
and monotypy. Bnunius Tsuneki, 1971a:15. Type species: Crossocerus domicola
Tsuneki, 1971, by original designation. Fentis Tsuneki, 1971a:13. Type species: Crossocerus quinquedentatus
Tsuneki, 1971, by original designation and monotypy. Ornicrabro Leclercq, 1973c:291. Type species: Crossocerus flavissimus
Leclercq, 1973, by original designation and monotypy. Corenocrabro Tsuneki, 1974a:374. Type species: Corenocrabro ectemiformis
Tsuneki, 1974, by original designation and monotypy. Synonymized with Crossocerus
by Marshakov, 1979a:96 and by Nemkov in Nemkov, Kazenas, Budrys, and
Antropov, 1995:428 (as new synonym). Thao Tsuneki, 1982e:33, as subgenus of Crossocerus. Type species:
Crossocerus nitidicorpus Tsuneki, 1968, by original designation and
monotypy. Orthocrabro Tsuneki, 1990a:87, as subgenus of Crossocerus.
Type species: Crossocerus hirashimai Tsuneki, 1966, by original designation
and monotypy. Yambal Tsuneki, 1990a:90, as subgenus of Crossocerus. Type
species: Crossocerus minor Tsuneki, 1990, by original designation and
monotypy. Corenocrabro Tsuneki, 1991:202, junior homonym of Corenocrabro
Tsuneki, 1974. Not available: nomen nudum and type not designated (Article
13b). brunniventris bekiliensis (Arnold) Crabro brunniventris race bekiliensis Arnold, 1945:180, hirtitibia (Arnold) Crabro hirtitibia Arnold, 1945:179, micromegas (de Saussure) Crabro micromegas de Saussure, 1892:575, DASYPROCTUS Dasyproctus Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau and Brullé,
1835:801. Type species: Dasyproctus bipunctatus Lepeletier de Saint
Fargeau and Brullé, 1835, by monotypy. Megapodium Dahlbom, 1844:295. Type species: Megapodium westermanni
Dahlbom, 1844, , designated by Pate, 1937c:37. Megalopodium W. Schulz, 1906:202. Emendation of Megapodium
Dahlbom, 1844. Bishamon Tsuneki, 1983h:17, as subgenus of Dasyproctus. Type
species: Dasyproctus guadalensis Tsuneki, 1983, by original designation
and monotypy. crudelis (de Saussure) Crabro crudelis de Saussure, 1892:579, ferox (de Saussure) Crabro ferox de Saussure, 1892:580, Crabro immanis de Saussure, 1892:581, lambertoni Leclercq Dasyproctus lambertoni Leclercq, 1958a:63, saevus (de Saussure) Crabro saevus de Saussure, 1892:579, Thyreopus stevensoni Arnold, 1926:369, Crabro stevensonianus Arnold, 1940:135 (as Stevensonianus,
incorrect original capitalization). Replacement name for Thyreopus stevensoni
Arnold, 1926:369. As Dasyproctus stevensonianus: R. Bohart
and Menke, 1976:421 (as synonym of Dasyproctus stevensoni); Dollfuss,
1990a:122 (Central African Republic, as stephensonianus). Crabro stevensonianus occidentalis Arnold, 1951:164, saussurei (Kohl) Crabro saussurei Kohl, 1894:282, Crabro infrarugosus Arnold, 1945:173, DAYCATINCA Daycatinca Argaman, 1985:7. Type species: Heterogyna
fantsilotra Day, 1984, by original designation. Daya Antropov and Gorbatovskiy, 1992:58 (as subgenus of Heterogyna).
Type species: Heterogyna madecassa Day, 1984, by original designation. Key: Argaman, 1985:10 fantsilotra (Day) Heterogyna fantsilotra Day, 1984:306, madecassa (Day) Heterogyna madecassa Day, 1984:305, ravenala (Day) Heterogyna ravenala Day, 1984:306, DOLICHURUS Dolichurus Latreille, 1809:387. Type species: Pompilus
corniculus Spinola, 1808, designated by Latreille, 1810:438. Thyreosphex Ashmead, 1904:282. Type species: Thyreosphex stantoni
Ashmead, 1904, by monotypy. secundus de Saussure Dolichurus secundus de Saussure, 1892:450, Dolichurus tertius de Saussure, 1892:452, ECTEMNIUS Ectemnius Dahlbom, 1845:389. Type species: "E.
guttatus, Dahlb." [= Crabro guttatus of Dahlbom, 1845 = Crabro
guttatus Vander Linden, 1829], designated by Ashmead, 1899d:172. Clytochrysus A. Morawitz, 1864:453. Type species: Crabro chrysostomus
Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau and Brullé, 1835 [= Crabro lapidarius Panzer,
1804], designated by Richards, 1935a:168. Thyreocerus A. Costa, 1871:65. Type species: Crabro crassicornis
Spinola, 1808, by monotypy. Mesocrabro C. Verhoeff, 1892:70. Type species: Crabro guttatus
Vander Linden, 1829, designated by Pate, 1937c:38. Hypocrabro Ashmead, 1899d:168. Type species: Crabro decemmaculatus
Say, 1823, by original designation. Nesocrabro R. Perkins, 1899:25. Type species: Crabro rubrocaudatus
Blackburn, 1887, designated by Pate, 1937c:42. Pseudocrabro Ashmead, 1899d:169. Type species: Crabro chrysarginus
of Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845 [= Crabro chrysargyrus Lepeletier
de Saint Fargeau and Brullé, 1835 = Crabro decemmaculatus Say, 1823],
by original designation. Xestocrabro Ashmead, 1899d:169. Type species: Crabro sexmaculatus
Say, 1823 [= Crabro continuus Fabricius, 1804], by original designation. Xylocrabro Ashmead, 1899d:169. Type species: Crabro stirpicola
Packard, 1866, by original designation. Metacrabro Ashmead, 1899d:169. Type species: Crabro kollari
Dahlbom, 1845 [= Crabro lituratus Panzer, 1804, by original designation. Protothyreopus Ashmead, 1899d:170. Type species: Crabro rufifemur
Packard, 1866, by original designation. Oreocrabro R. Perkins, 1902:146. Type species: Crabro abnormis
Blackkburn, 1886, by original designation. Hylocrabro R. Perkins, 1902:147. Type species: Crabro tumidoventris
R. Perkins, 1899, by original designation. Melanocrabro R. Perkins, 1902:147. Type species: Crabro curtipes
R. Perkins, 1899, by original designation. Xenocrabro R. Perkins, 1902:148. Type species: Crabro unicolor
F. Smith, 1856, by original designation. Lophocrabro Rohwer, 1916b:667. Type species: Crabro singularis
F. Smith, 1856 [= Vespa maculosa Gmelin, 1790], by original designation. Merospis Pate, 1941c:121. Type species: Ectemnius cyanauges
Pate, 1941, by original designation and monotypy. Cameronitus Leclercq, 1950b:14. Type species: Ectemnius menyllus
(Cameron,1905) [= Crabro menyllus Cameron, 1905, by original designation
and monotypy. Protectemnius Leclercq, 1951j:105. Type species: Crabro tabanicida
Fischer, 1929, by original designation and monotypy. Yanonius Tsuneki, 1956e:129. Type species: Crabro martjanowi
F. Morawitz, 1892, by original designation and monotypy. Policrabro Leclercq, 1958c:106. Type species: Crossocerus krusemani
Leclercq, 1950, by original designation. Iwataia Tsuneki, 1959e:8. Type species: Crabro furuichii Iwata,
1934, by original designation and monotypy. Leocrabro Leclercq, 1968e:300. Type species: Ectemnius leonesus
Leclercq, 1968, by original designation and monotypy. Synonymized with Protectemnius
Leclercq, 1951:105 by Leclercq, 1991b:26. Ceratocrabro Tsuneki, 1970f:1. Type species: Ectemnius shimoyamai
Tsuneki, 1958, by original designation and monotypy. Papuacrabro Tsuneki, 1983h:22, as subgenus of Ectemnius. Type
species: Ectemnius papuanus Tsuneki, 1983, by original designation
and monotypy. Metactemnius Tsuneki, 1984b:34, as subgenus of Ectemnius.
Type species: Ectemnius apo Tsuneki, 1984, by original designation
and monotypy. Spadicocrabro Tsuneki, 1990b:100. Type species: Crabro nitobei
Matsumura, 1912, by original designation and monotypy. Established as genus,
treated as a subgenus of Ectemnius by Leclercq, 1999:9. praeclarus (Arnold) Crabro praeclarus Arnold, 1945:181, Dasyproctus sakalavus Leclercq, 1967b:68, seyrigi (Arnold) Crabro seyrigi Arnold, 1945:183, slateri nigrescens (Arnold) Crabro slateri nigrescens Arnold, 1945:183, ENTOMOGNATHUS Entomognathus Dahlbom, 1844:295. Type species: Crabro
revis Vander Linden, 1829, by monotypy. Koxinga Pate, 1944b:341. Type species: Entomognathus siraiyae
Pate, 1944, by original designation and monotypy. Mashona Pate, 1944b:341. Type species: Thyreopus apiformis
Arnold, 1926, by original designation and monotypy. Toncahua Pate, 1944b:341. Type species: Entomognathus texanus
Cresson, 1887, by original designation and monotypy. Florkinus Leclercq, 1956b:2. Type species: Florkinus evolutionis
Leclercq, 1956, by original designation and monotypy. Bihargnathus Leclercq, 1977a:452, as subgenus of Entomognathus.
Type species: Encopognathus itinerus Leclercq, 1977, by original designation. arnoldi Bohart and Menke Crabro tridens Arnold, 1945:165, Entomognathus arnoldi Bohart and Menke, 1976:382. Replacement name
for Crabro tridens Arnold. diversicornis (Arnold) Crabro diversicornis Arnold, 1945:168, faunus (Arnold) Crabro faunus Arnold, 1945:166, midas (Arnold) Crabro midas Arnold, 1945:161, mimicus (Arnold) Crabro mimicus Arnold, 1945:163, ruficaudatus (Arnold) Crabro ruficaudatus Arnold, 1945:164, GASTROSERICUS Gastrosericus Spinola, 1839:480. Type species: Gastrosericus
waltlii Spinola, 1839, by monotypy. As Gasterosericus (unjustified
emendation or misspelling): Dahlbom, 1845:467; Brauns, 1906:49, 51, 52. Eparmatostethus Kohl, 1907:167. Type species: Eparmatostethus
madecassus Kohl, 1907, by monotypy. Synonymized with Gastrosericus
by Arnold, 1927:116. As Eparmostethus (misspelling): Pate, 1937:26,
Bohart and Menke, 1976:43. Paralellopsis Maidl, 1914b:147. Type species: Paralellopsis africana
Maidl, 1914 [= Gastrosericus neavei Turner, 1913], by original designation
and monotypy. Synonymized with Gastrosericus by Arnold, 1922:114. As
Parallelopsis (misspelling): Turner, 1916:258; Pate, 1937:47. Dinetomorpha Gussakovskij, 1931:451. Not available: type species
not designated (Article 13b). Gastrargyron Gussakovskij, 1931:451. Not available: type species
not designated (Article 13b). Dinetomorpha Pate, 1937:22, Article 13a (ii) (as Dinetomorpha
Gussakovskij, 1931, a subgenus of Gastrosericus). Type species: Gastrosericus
flavicornis Gussakovskij, 1931 [= Gastrosericus electus
Nurse, 1903], designated by Pate, 1937:22. Validation of Gussaskovskij's (1931:451)
name. Synonymized with Gastrosericus by Bohart and Menke, 1976:43. Gastrargyron Pate, 1937:28, Article 13a (ii) (as Gastrargyron
Gussakovskij, 1931, a subgenus of Gastrosericus). Type species: Gastrosericus
marginalis Gussakovskij, 1931, designated by Pate, 1937:22. Validation
of Gussaskovskij's (1931:451) name. Synonymized with Gastrosericus
by Bohart and Menke, 1976:43. madecassus (Kohl) Eparmatostethus madecassus Kohl, 1907:169, zoyphion Pulawski Gastrosericus zoyphion Pulawski, 1995b:169, HARPACTUS Arpactus Jurine, 1807:192, junior homonym of Arpactus
Panzer, 1805, and of Arpactus Panzer, 1806. Type species: Arpactus
formosus Jurine, 1807, designated by Shuckard, 1837:220. Harpactus Shuckard, 1837:221. Emendation of Arpactus Jurine,
107. As noted by Pulawski (1985:59), Shuckard emended Arpactus on linguistic
grounds, thus creating an available new name, with its own date and author
(Articles 19 and 33.2). Since Harpactus is an emendation, it has the
same type-species as Arpactus Jurine (Article 67.8). Harpactes Dahlbom, 1843:147, junior homonym of Harpactes Swainson,
1837 (Aves), and of Harpactes Templeton, 1834 (Arachnida). Emendation
of Harpactus Shuckard. Dienoplus W. Fox, 1894a:548. Type species: Dienoplus pictifrons
W. Fox, 1894, by monotypy. histrio (de Saussure) Harpactes histrio de Saussure, 1892:530, HOLOTACHYSPHEX Holotachysphex de Beaumont, 1940:179. Type species:
Tachysphex holognathus Morice, 1897, by monotypy. Phytosphex Arnold, 1951:153. Type species: Tachysphex turneri
Arnold, 1923, by original designation. Haplognatha Gussakovskij, 1952:248. Type species: Haplognatha
prosopigastroides Gussakovskij, 1952, by original designation and monotypy. sacalava (Arnold) Tachysphex turneri sacalava Arnold, 1945:106,
HOPLISOIDES Hoplisoides Gribodo, 1884d:276. Type species: Hoplisoides
intricans Gribodo, 1884, by monotypy. Icuma Cameron, 1905b:21. Type species: Icuma sericea Cameron,
1905, by monotypy [= Gorytes vespoides F. Smith, 1873]. Synonymized
with Hoplisoides by R. Bohart in Bohart and Menke, 1976:53 bipustulatus (Arnold) Gorytes bipustulatus Arnold, 1945:55, HOVANYSSON Hovanysson Arnold, 1945:52. Type species: Brachystegus
camelus Arnold, by original designation. albibarbis (Arnold) Nysson albibarbis Arnold, 1945:51, camelus (Arnold) Brachystegus camelus Arnold, 1945:53, ISODONTIA Isodontia Patton, 1880a:380. Type species: Isodontia
philadelphica (Lepeletier, 1845) [= Sphex philadelphicus Lepeletier,
1845], by original designation. Leontosphex Arnold, 1945:90. Type species: Sphex leoninus
de Saussure, 1890, by original designation. Murrayella R. Bohart and Menke, 1963:137. Type species: Sphex
elegans F. Smith, 1856, by original designation. leonina (de Saussure) Sphex leoninus de Saussure, 1890: pl. 19, fig. 6, Sphex leoninus de Saussure, 1891:259, Sphex leoninus de Saussure, 1892:431, LARRA Larra Fabricius, 1793:220. Type species: Larra ichneumoniformis
Fabricius, 1793 [= Sphex anathema Rossi, 1790], designated by Latreille,
1810:438. Larrana Rafinesque, 1815:124. Emendation or new name for Larra
Fabricius, 1793. Lara Drapiez, 1819:54. Lapsus or emendation of Larra Fabricius,
1793. [Lara LeConte, 1852, is a junior homonym] Monomatium Shuckard, 1840:181, no included species. Type species:
Larraxena princeps F. Smith, 1851, designated by Pate, 1935:246 (first
included species). Lyrops Dahlbom, 1843:132, junior homonym of Lyrops Illiger,
1807. Type species: Tachytes paganus Dahlbom, 1843, by monotypy. Larraxena F. Smith, 1851:30. Type species: Larraxena princeps
F. Smith, 1851, by monotypy. Larrada F. Smith, 1856:273. Type species: Larrada anathema
(Rossi, 1790) [= Sphex anathema Rossi, 1790], by original designation. Cratolarra Cameron, 1900a:34. Type species: Cratolarra femorata
Cameron, 1900, secondary homonym of Larra femorata (de Saussure, 1854),
by monotypy. Treated as subgenus of Larra by Menke in Bohart
and Menke, 1976:42. betsilea de Saussure Larra betsilea de Saussure, 1887:17, heydenii (de Saussure) Notogonia heydenii de Saussure, 1890:pl.12, fig. 18, Notogonia heidenii de Saussure, 1891:261(as Heydenii, incorrect
original capitalization). Objective synonym of Larra heydenii de Saussure,
1890. Larra heydenii de Saussure, 1892:494, madecassa de Saussure Larra madecassa de Saussure, 1887:17, saussurei Kohl Larra prismatica de Saussure, 1887:17, Larra saussurei Kohl, 1892:219, variipes de Saussure Larra carbonaria de Saussure, 1892:491, Larra variipes de Saussure, 1892:493, Larra carbunculus Dalla Torre, 1897. Replacement name
for Larra carbonaria de Saussure, 1892. Arnold, 1945:116 (Madagascar;
redescription, as valid species); Leclercq, 1960a:96 (Madagascar), 1961d:112
(Madagascar). LIRIS Liris Fabricius, 1804:227. Type species: Sphex
auratus Fabricius, 1787, designated by Patton, 1880b:386. Lirisis Rafinesque, 1815:124. Emendation or replacement name for
Liris Fabricius, 1804. Notogonia A. Costa, 1867b:82, junior homonym of Notogonia
Perty, 1850 (Crustacea). Type species: Tachytes niger of Vander Linden,
1829 [= Larra nigra of Latreille, 1805 = Pompilus niger of Panzer,
1799 = Sphex niger Fabricius, 1775], by monotypy. Motes Kohl, 1897a:351. Type species: "Notogonia odontophora
Kohl, 1892" [= Larra odontophora Kohl, 1894], designated by Pate,
1837c:41. Caenolarra Cameron, 1900a:28. Type species: Caenolarra appendiculata
Cameron, 1900 [= Spanolarra rufitarsis Cameron, 1900], secondary homonym
of Liris appendiculatus (Taschenberg, 1870) by monotypy. Leptolarra Cameron, 1900a:29. Type species: Leptolarra reticulata
Cameron, 1900, secondary homonym of Liris reticulatus (de Saussure,
1892) [= Leptolara reticuloides Richards, 1935 = Liris nigricans
reticuloides (Richards)], designated by Richards, 1935a:164. Spanolarra Cameron, 1900a:32. Type species: Spanolarra rufitarsis
Cameron, 1900, by monotypy. Notogonius Howard, 1901:pl. 6, fig. 1 (June). Lapsus for Notogonia
A. Costa. Bohart and Menke (1976:43) write the following: There are numerous
spelling errors in Howard's book, and we regard Notogonius as a lapsus
for Notogonia Costa. This wiev was also shared by G.E. Bohart (1951:954)
who nevertheless recognized Notogonius nigripennis (W. Fox) as type
species, an unnecessary action. The specimen figured by Howard is in the U.S.
National Museum and is Liris argentatus (Palisot de Beauvois), not
nigripennis. Chrysolarra Cameron, 1901b:118 (Aug.). Type species: Chrysolarra
appendiculata Cameron, 1901, secondary homonym of Liris appendiculatus
(Taschenberg, 1870), designated by Pate, 1837c:18. Notogonidea Rohwer, 1911d:234. Replacement name for Notogonia
A. Costa, 1867. Dociliris Tsuneki, 1967b:26, as subgenus of Liris. Type species:
Larrada subtessellata F. Smith, 1856, by original designation. Synonymized
with Leptolarra Cameron, 1900, by Menke in Bohart and Menke,
1976:43. Nigliris Tsuneki, 1967b:27, as subgenus of Liris. Type species:
Notogonia japonica Kohl, 1885 [= Liris festinans japonicus (Kohl),
by original designation. Synonymized with Leptolarra by Menke in
Bohart and Menke, 1976:43. Colloliris Tsuneki, 1974b:612, as subgenus of Liris. Type
species: Notogonidea negrosensis F. Williams, 1928, by original designantion
and monotypy. Synonymized with Leptolarra by Menke in Bohart and Menke,
1976:629. Pitaliris Tsuneki, 1982e:26, as subgenus of Liris. Type species:
Cratolarra pitamawa Rohwer, 1916, original designation. alaris (de Saussure) Notogonia alaris de Saussure, 1892:503, antaka (de Saussure) Notogonia antaka de Saussure, 1890: pl.19, fig. 7, Notogonia ancara de Saussure, 1891:260, Notogonia antaca de Saussure, 1892:505, avellanipes (de Saussure) Notogonia avellanipes de Saussure, 1890: pl. 19, fig. 8. Holotype:
Notogonia avellanipes de Saussure, 1891:261, brunnipennis Arnold Liris brunnipennis Arnold, 1945:130, cowani (W.F. Kirby) Larrada cowani W.F. Kirby, 1883:200, sex not indicated (as Cowani,
incorrect original capitalization). Syntypes: Madagascar: no specific locality
(BMNH). As Liris cowani: R. Turner, 1916b:249 (new combination);
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:245 (listed). Liris jocositarsa de Saussure, 1887:18, Liris pedestris de Saussure, 1892:517, crepitans Leclercq Liris crepitans Leclercq, 1967b:65, cubitalis (de Saussure) Notogonia cubitalis de Saussure, 1887:17, dejectus Arnold Liris dejecta Arnold, 1945:129, dyscheirus (de Saussure) Notogonia dyscheira de Saussure, 1892:510, ganahlii (Dalla Torre) Notogonia rufipes de Saussure, 1892:511, Larra ganahlii Dalla Torre, 1897:511 (as Ganahlii, incorrect
original capitalization). Replacement name for Larra rufipes (de Saussure,
1892), secondary homonym of Larra rufipes (F. Smith, 1858). As
Liris ganahlii: R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:245 (listed). gracilicornis (Arnold) Notogonidea gracilicornis Arnold, 1923b:250, incertus Arnold Liris incerta Arnold, 1945:127, keiseri (Leclercq) Motes keiseri Leclercq, 1961d:114. Holotype: memnonius coloripes Arnold Motes radialis coloripes Arnold, 1940:123, sex not indicated. Syntypes:
Madagascar: no specific locality (SAM). As Motes setigera coloripes:
Leclercq, 1961d:115 (Madagascar). As Liris setigera coloripes:
Arnold, 1945:129 (Madagascar: Behara, redescription); Leclercq, 1961d:115
(Madagascar). As Liris memnonia coloripes: R. Bohart
and Menke, 1976:246 (listed). minimus (Arnold) Notogonidea minima Arnold, 1923b:249, nigricans (Walker) Larrada nigricans Walker, 1871:21, Notogonia argyropyga A. Costa, 1875:16, Notogonia sculpturata Kohl, 1892:221, Notogonia reticulata de Saussure, 1892:512, Larra jugurthae Gribodo, 1894b:22, Larra palumbula Kohl, 1894:304, Notogonia mahensis Cameron, 1907e:78, Notogonia punctipleura Cameron, 1908a:285, radialis (de Saussure) Notogonia radialis de Saussure, 1887:17, Notogonia radamae de Saussure, 1891:260, As Notogonidea sepulchralis: Arnold, 1923b:244 (revision), corrected
to Notogonidea radialis by Arnold, 1929c:394. sabrinus (Leclercq) Motes sabrina Leclercq, 1961d:114, scabriusculus Arnold Liris scabriuscula Arnold, 1945:131, sepulchralis hova Arnold Liris sepulchralis hova Arnold, 1945:132, solstitialis (F. Smith) Larrada solstitialis F. Smith, 1856:283, Notogonia femoralis de Saussure, 1887:17, Notogonia cnemophila Cameron, 1908a:288, utopicus (Leclercq) Motes utopica Leclercq, 1961d:116, voeltzkowii (Kohl) Notogonia voeltzkowii Kohl, 1909:372, xanthopterus Arnold Liris xanthoptera Arnold, 1945:121, LYRODA Lyroda Say, 1837:372. Type species: Lyroda subita
Say: 1837, designated by Patton, 1880b:386. Morphota F. Smith, 1856:293. Type species: Morphota fasciata
F. Smith, 1856, designated by Pate, 1837c:41. Odontolarra Cameron, 1900a:35. Type species: Odontolarra rufiventris
Cameron, 1900 [= Morphota formosa F. Smith, 1859], by monotypy. Lyrodon Howard, 1901:pl. 6, fig. 5. Lapsus for Lyroda
Say, 1837. Junior homonym of Lyrodon Goldfuss, 1837. madecassa Arnold Lyroda madecassa Arnold, 1945:91, MISCOPHUS Miscophus Jurine, 1807:206. Type species: Miscophus
bicolor Jurine, 1807, by monotypy. Nitelopterus Ashmead, 1897a:22. Type species: Nitelopterus slossonae
Ashmead, 1897, by monotypy. Hypomiscophus Cockerell, 1898:321. Type species: Miscophus arenarum
Cockerell, 1898, by original designation. Miscophinus Ashmead, 1898:187. Type species: Miscophus laticeps
Ashmead, 1898, by original designation. maculipes Arnold Miscophus maculipes Arnold, 1945:136, seyrigi Arnold Miscophus Seyrigi Arnold, 1945:135, sordidatus Arnold Miscophus sordidatus Arnold, 1945:137, NEODASYPROCTUS Neodasyproctus Arnold, 1926:373. Type species: Thyreopus
kohli Arnold, 1926, by monotypy. densepunctatus (Arnold) Crabro densepunctatus Arnold, 1945:174, Neodasyproctus ferrierei Leclercq, 1951h:333, didynus Leclercq Neodasyproctus didynus Leclercq, 1999b:157, eburneopictus (Arnold) Crabro eburneopictus Arnold, 1945:175, isalonus Leclercq Neodasyproctus isalonus Leclercq, 1999b:158, protensus (Arnold) Crabro protensus Arnold, 1945:178, remanus Leclercq Neodasyproctus remanus Leclercq, 1999b:159, striolatus (Arnold) Crabro striolatus Arnold, 1945:176, OXYBELUS Oxybelus Latreille, 1796:129, no included species.
Type species: Crabro uniglumis of Fabricius, 1775 [= Vespa
uniglumis Linnaeus, 1758], designated by Latreille, 1802b:343 (first included
species). Notoglossa Dahlbom, 1845:514. Type species: Notoglossa sagittaria
Dahlbom, 1845 [= Oxybelus lamellatus Olivier, 1811], by monotypy. Alepidaspis A. Costa, 1882b:35. Type species: Alepidaspis diphyllus
A. Costa, 1882, by monotypy. Anoxybelus Kohl, 1924:274. Type species: Oxybelus maidli Kohl,
1924, by monotypy. Gonioxybelus Minkiewicz, 1934:251. Not available: type species not
designated (Article 13.3). Orthoxybelus Minkiewicz, 1934:251. Not available: type species not
designated (Article 13.3). Gonioxybelus Pate, 1937c:28. Type species: Oxybelus nigripes
Olivier, 1811 [= Apis trispinosa Fabricius, 1787], by original designation. Orthoxybelus Pate, 1937c:28. Type species: Vespa uniglumis
Linnaeus, 1758, by original designation. Euoxybelus Noskiewicz and Chudoba, 1950:300. Not available: type
species not designated (Article 13.3). Latroxybelus Noskiewicz and Chudoba, 1950:300. Type species: Oxybelus
latro Olivier, 1811, by monotypy. cristatus de Saussure Oxybelus cristatus de Saussure, 1892:559, perornatus Arnold Oxybelus perornatus Arnold, 1945:186, subcristatus de Saussure Oxybelus subcristatus de Saussure, 1892:561, PARAPIAGETIA Parapiagetia Kohl, 1897a:373. Type species: Piagetia
odontostoma Kohl, 1884, by original designation. Lirosphex Brèthes, 1913b:150. Type species: Tachysphex subpetiolatus
Brèthes, by original designation. Synonymized with Parapiagetia Kohl,
1896 by Menke in Bohart and Menke, 1976:44. Psammosphex Gussakovskij, 1952:246. Type species: Tachysphex genicularis
F. Morawitz, 1890, by original designation. longicornis Arnold Parapiagetia longicornis Arnold, 1945:93, pluridentata Arnold Parapiagetia pluridentata Arnold, 1945:94, PERICRABRO Pericrabro Leclercq, 1954c:219. Type species: Thyreopus
sociabilis Arnold, 1932, by original designation and monotypy. Established
as subgenus of Crossocerus, raised to genus by Leclercq, 2000b. sociabilis (Arnold) Thyreopus sociabilis Arnold, 1932:27, PHILANTHUS Philanthus Fabricius, 1790:224. Type species: Philanthus
coronatus Fabricius, 1790 [= Sphex coronatus Thunberg, 1784], designated
by Shuckard, 1837:246. Symblephilus Panzer, 1806:171. Type species: Philanthus pictus
Panzer, 1797 [= Vespa triangulum Fabricius, 1775], designated by Pate,
1937c:62. Simblephilus Jurine, 1807:185. Type species: Vespa triangulum
Fabricius, 1775, designated by Morice and Durrant, 1915:402. Cheilopogonus Westwood, 1834:441. Type species: Cheilopogonus
punctiger Westwood, 1834 [= Vespa gibbosa Fabricius, 1775], by
monotypy. Philianthus Guérin-Méneville, 1835:pl. 71, fig 8. Lapsus for Philanthus
Fabricius, 1790. Anthophilus Dahlbom, 1844:190. Type species: Philanthus politus
Say, 1824, designated by Ashmead, 1899d:294. Chilopogon Kohl, 1897a:329. Emendation of Cheilopogonus Westwood,
1834. Ephiphilanthus Ashmead, 1899d:294. Type species: Philanthus solivagus
Say, 1837, by original designation. Pseudophilanthus Ashmead, 1899d:294. Type species: Philanthus
ventilabris Fabricius, 1798, by original designation. Oclocletes Banks, 1913b:423. Type species: Philanthus sanbornii
Cresson, 1865, by original designation. Ococletes Mickel, 1916a:407. Lapsus or emendation of Oclocletes
Banks, 1913. bimacula de Saussure Philanthus bimacula de Saussure, 1891:261, Philanthus immitis de Saussure, 1892:537, madagascariensis
Brethès Philanthus petiolatus de Saussure, 1892:538, Philanthus madagascariensis Brèthes, 1910:277. Replacement name for
Philanthus petiolatus de Saussure, 1892 (incorrectly referred to as
published in de Saussure, 1891). R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:565 (listed);
Leclercq, 1990b:120 (Madagascar). Philanthus ranavalonae Arnold, 1945:16 (as Ranavalonae , incorrect
original capitalization). Unnecessary replacement name for Philanthus petiolatus
de Saussure, 1892. Arnold, 1945:16 (redescription); Madagascar); Leclercq,
1962b:209 (Madagascar, variation). radamae Arnold Philanthus radamae Arnold, 1945:17, triangulum (Fabricius) Vespa ruspatrix Linnaeus, 1767:951, sex not indicated. Holotype:
Vespa triangulum Fabricius, 1775:373, sex not indicated. Holotype:
Vespa fasciata Fourcroy, 1785:433. Sphex maculatus Christ, 1791:287. Vespa limbata Olivier, 1792. Synonymized with Philanthus triangulum
by Kohl, 1891:365 (or an earlier author?). Crabro androgynus Rossi, 1792:138. Synonymized with Philanthus
apivorus by Spinola, 1806:96. Curtis, 1829:pl.273 (illustration);
Guérin-Méneville, 1835:pl. 71, Fig. 8 (illustrations of various morphological
details), 1844:442 (explanations of his 1835 figure, androgynus is
a junior synonym of triangulum). Philanthus pictus Panzer, 1797. Synonymized with Philanthus apivorus
by Spinola, 1806:96. Fabricius, 1804:302 (redescription); Thunberg,
1815b:289 (diagnostic characters), 295 (redescription). Philanthus discolor Panzer, 1799. Synonymized with Philanthus
triangulum by Kohl, 1891:365 (or an earlier author?). von Siebold,
1839:53 (Germany: Danzig, now Poland: Gdansk). Philanthus apivorus Latreille, 1799:50, sex not indicated. Syntypes:
Paris area (lost). Synonymized with Philanthus triangulum by Lepeletier
de Saint Fargeau, 1845:34 Spinola, 1806:95 (Italy: Liguria); de Saussure,
1854:8 (belongs to a section with sessile gaster); Dusmet y Alonso, 1906:7
(Spain); Ferton, 1910:15t5 (sand closure of nest cell); Dusmet y Alonso, 1915:87
(Spain: Aragón); Lhéritier, 1946:28 (Morocco: Marrakech; life history); Casolari
and Casolari Moreno, 1980:122 (specimens in M. Spinola collection). Philanthus allionii Dahlbom, 1845:495, ssp. abdelcader Lepeletier Philanthus abdelcader Lepeletier, 1845:33, ssp. bimaculatus Magretti Philanthus triangulum var. bimaculatus Magretti, 1908:188,
ssp. diadema (Fabricius) Crabro diadema Fabricius, 1781:471, sex not indicated. Holotype or
syntypes: South Africa: Cape of the Good Hope (BMNH, Banks coll.).
Fabricius, 1787:297 (redescription), 1790:225 (redescription). As
Philanthus diadema: Fabricius, 1793:289 (new combination, redescription),
1804:302 (redescription); Thunberg, 1815a:127 (diagnostic characters), 129
(redescription), 1815b:287 (diagnostic characters); F. Smith, 1856:471 (listed);
Radoszkowski, 1876b:137 (Egypt); Gribodo, 1884:8 (Egypt); de Saussure, 1892:534
(Madagascar); W. Schulz, 1911b:170 (Gribodo's specimen from Somalia is Philanthus
triangulum); Schouteden, 1930:93 (Zaire); Casolari and Casolari Moreno,
1980:122 (specimens in M. Spinola collection). As Philanthus
triangulum var. diadema: Taschenberg, 1875:404 (Egypt); Gribodo,
1894:129 (Mozambique: Magnarra River), 1895:351 (Mozambique); Bingham, 1902:212
(South Africa, Malawi); Cameron, 1908a:269 (Tanzania: Mt. Kilimanjaro and
Mt. Meru), 1910:145 (South Africa: Transvaal); Bischoff, 1912:225 (Zaire:
Kassenge at Lake Edward); Arnold, 1925:144 (revision); Scott in Arnold,
1933a:369 (Ethiopia: Harar District); Bischoff, 1933:5 (Morocco); Giordani
Soika, 1939c:101 (Eritrea: Asmara: Adi Caie); Guiglia, 1938:8 (Italy: Sardegna);
Guiglia, 1940b:287 (Somalia); Leclercq, 1955i:408 (Burundi). As
Philanthus triangulum diadema: van der Vecht, 1961a:61 (discussion
of type material); de Beaumont, 1967b:505 (South Africa: Natal); Bonelli,
1976:228 (nesting behavior); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:566 (listed); S. Gess,
1996:280 (floral records); Rodgers and Homewood, 1982:233 (Tanzania: Usambara
Mountains). Philanthus frontalis Gerstaecker in Peters, 1858:509, Philanthus frontalis Gerstaecker, 1862:473, Philanthus transversus Cameron, 1910:147, ssp. obliteratus Pic Philanthus obliteratus Pic, 1917. As Philanthus
triangulum obliteratus: R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:566 (listed). PISON Pison Jurine in Spinola, 1808:255. Type species:
Pison jurini Spinola, 1808 [recte jurinei, = Alyson ater
Spinola, 1808], by monotypy. Tachybulus Latreille, 1809:75. Type species: Tachybulus niger
Latreille, 1809 [= Alysson ater Spinola, 1808], by monotypy. Nephridia Brullé, 1833b:408. Type species: Nephridia xanthopus
Brullé, 1833, by monotypy. Pisonitus Shuckard, 1838:79. Type species: Pison argentatum
Shuckard, 1838, designated by Pate, 1937c:51. Pisum Agassiz, 1846:293, junior homonym of Pisum Megerle,
1811. Unjustified emendation of Pison Jurine, 1808. Pisonoides F. Smith, 1858:104 (authorship attributed to Shuckard,
as subgenus of Pison). Type species: Pison obliteratum F. Smith,
1858, by monotypy. Parapison F. Smith, 1869a:298. Type species: Pisonoides obliteratum
F. Smith, 1858, designated by Pate, 1837c:47. Pseudonysson Radoszkowski, 1876a:104. Type species: Pseudonysson
fasciatus Radoszkowski, 1876, by monotypy. Taranga W.F. Kirby, 1883:201. Type species: Taranga dubia
W.F. Kirby, 1883 [= Pison spinolae Shuckard, 1838]. Paraceramius Radoszkowski, 1887c:432, junior homonym of Paraceramius
de Saussure, 1854. Type species: Paraceramius koreensis Radoszkowski,
1887, by monotypy. Pisum W. Schulz, 1906:212, junior homonym of Pisum Megerle,
1811 and Pisum Agassiz, 1846. Unjustified emendation of Pison
Jurine, 1808. Krombeiniellum Richards, 1962:118. Replacement name for Paraceramaius
Radoszkowski, 1887. Entomopison Menke, 1968a:5. Type species: Pison pilosum F.
Smith, by original designation. argentatum Shuckard Pison argentatum Shuckard, 1838:79, Pison fuscipalpe Cameron, 1901a:27, Pisonitus argenteus Ashmead, 1904d:131, humile Arnold Pison humile Arnold, 1945:5, lobiferum Arnold Pison lobiferum Arnold, 1945:6, mimicum Arnold Pison mimicum Arnold, 1945:4, seyrigi Arnold Pison seyrigi Arnold, 1945:3, PODALONIA Podalonia Spinola, 1853:53. Suppressed by International
Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 1968:88 (Opinion 857). Podalonia Fernald, 1927:11. Validated by International Commission
on Zoological Nomenclature, 1968:88 (Opinion 857). Type species: Ammophila
violaceipennis Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845, designated by International
Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 1968:88 (Opinion 857). Psammophila Dahlbom, 1842:2, junior homonym of Psammophila
Brown, 1827. Type species: Psammophila affinis (W. Kirby, 1798) [=
Ammophila affinis W. Kirby, 1798], designated by Fernald, 1927:11. canescens madecassa (Kohl) As Ammophila capensis de Saussure, 1892:438 (Madagascar), corrected
to Ammophila madecassa by Kohl, 1909:372. Ammophila madecassa Kohl, 1909:372, POLEMISTUS Polemistus de Saussure, 1892:565. Type species: Polemistus
macilentus de Saussure, 1892, designated by Pate, 1937c:52. Asiatomistus Tsuneki, 1992b:53. Not available: type species not designated
(Article 13b). Asiatomistus Tsuneki, 1993:38. Type species: Passaloecus barrabas
Pagden, 1933, by original designation. macilentus de Saussure Polemistus macilentus de Saussure, 1892:567, PRIONYX Prionyx Vander Linden, 1827:362. Type species: Ammophila
kirbii Vander Linden, 1827, by monotypy. Priononyx Dahlbom, 1843:28. Type species: Pepsis thomae (Fabricius,
1804) [= Sphex thomae Fabricius, 1775], by monotypy. Enodia Dahlbom, 1843:28, junior homonym of Enodia Hübner,
1819. Type species: Sphex albisectus Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau and
Serville, 1828 [= Ammophila kirbii Vander Linden, 1827], designated
by Kohl, 1885b:164. Harpactopus F. Smith, 1856:264. Type species: Harpactopus crudelis
F. Smith, designated by Patton, 1880a:384. Parasphex F. Smith, 1856:267. Type species: Sphex albisectus
Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau and Serville, 1828 [= Ammophila kirbii
Vander Linden, 1827], designated by Kohl, 1885b:164. Gastrosphaeria A. Costa, 1858:10. Type species: Gastrospheria
anthracina A. Costa, 1858 [= Sphex subfuscatus Dahlbom, 1845],
by monotypy. Pseudosphex Taschenberg, 1869:420, junior homonym of Pseudosphex
Hübner, 1818.. Type species: Pseudosphex pumilio Taschenberg, 1869,
by monotypy. Calosphex Kohl, 1890b:113. Type species: Sphex niveatus Dufour,
1853, designated by Pate, 1937c:15. As Callosphex: Rohwer, 1913:450
(misspelling). Neosphex Reed, 1894:627. Type species: Neosphex albospiniferus
Reed, 1894, by monotypy. crudelis (F. Smith) Sphex rufipennis Fabricius, 1793:200, sex not indicated, primary
homonym of Sphex rufipennis De Geer, 1778. Syntypes: ? Sphex hirtipes Fabricius, 1793:207, sex not indicated. Holotype
or syntypes: Guinea (depository?), primary homonym of Sphex hirtipes
De Geer, 1778. Tentatively synonymized with Harpactopus crudelis by
Kohl, 1890:351. van der Vecht, 1961a:32 (type material lost, may be
a synonym of Sphex obscurus); Casolari and Casolari Moreno, 1980:102
(specimens in M. Spinola collection). Sphex aegyptius Lepeletier, 1845:356, sex not indicated (as Aegyptia,
incorrect original capitalization and termination), primary homonym of Sphex
aegyptius Linnaeus, 1758. Lectotype: Harpactopus crudelis F. Smith, 1856:264, Sphex grandis Radoszkowski, 1876b:132, ? Sphex aegyptius var. turcomanicus Radoszkowski,
1893a:58, sex not indicated. Syntypes: Turkmenistan: Serax (Kraków). PSEN Psen Latreille, 1796:122 (no included species). Type
species: Sphex ater Fabricius, 1794 [= Crabro ater Olivier,
1792], designated by Latreille, 1802b:338 (first included species). Psenus Rafinesque, 1815:124. Emendation of Psen Latreille,1796. Psenia Stephens, 1829b:361. Type species: Sphex ater Fabricius,
1794 [= Crabro ater Olivier, 1792], designated by Pate, 1937c:54. Dahlbomia Wissmann, 1849:9. Type species: Sphex ater Fabricius,
1794 [= Crabro ater Olivier, 1792], by monotypy. Mesopora Wesmael, 1852:279. Type species: Psen ater of Vander
Linden, 1829 [= Sphex ater of Panzer, 1799 = Sphex ater Fabricius,
1794 = Crabro ater Olivier, 1792], by monotypy. Caenopsen Cameron, 1899:55. Type species: Caenopsen fuscinervis
Cameron, 1899, by monotypy. leclercqi van Lith Psen leclercqi van Lith, 1974a:53, PSENEO Pseneo Malloch, 1933:7. Type species: Psen kohlii
W. Fox, 1898, by original designation. madecassus Arnold Psen madecassus Arnold, 1945:152, PSENULUS Psenulus Kohl, 1897:293. Type species: "Mimesa
fuscipennis Dahlbom" [= Psen fuscipennis Dahlbom,1843], designated
by Ashmead, 1899:224. Neofoxia Viereck, 1901b:338. Type species: Psen atratus of
Panzer, 1806 [= Trypoxylon atratum Fabricius, 1804 = Sphex pallipes
Panzer, 1798], by original designation. Stenomellinus W.Schulz, 1911b:142. Type species: Psen dilectus
de Saussure, 1892, by monotypy. Eopsenulus Gussakovskij, 1934b:84. Type species: Psenulus iwatai
Gusssakovskij, 1934, by original designation. Nipponopsen Yasumatsu, 1938:84. Type species: Nipponopsen anomoneure
Yasumatsu, 1938, by original designation. alboscutellatus Arnold Psenulus reticulosus var. alboscutellatus Arnold, 1945:156,
dilectus (de Saussure) Psen dilectus de Saussure, 1892:571, fulgidus Arnold Psenulus fulgidus Arnold, 1945:156, reticulosus Arnold Psenulus reticulosus Arnold, 1945:154, PSEUDOPLISUS Pseudoplisus Ashmead, 1899d:323. Type species: Gorytes
floridanus W. Fox, 1891 [= Pseudoplisus smithii floridanus (W.
Fox, 1891)], by original designation. ranosahae (Arnold) Gorytes ranosahae Arnold, 1945:54, RHOPALUM Euplilis Risso, 1826:227. Type species: Euplilis
rufiventris (Panzer, 1799) [= Crabro rufiventris Panzer, 1799 =
Sphex clavipes Linnaeus, 1758], designated by Pate, 1935:246. Suppressed
by International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 1978:237 (Opinion
1106). Rhopalum Stephens, 1829a:34. Type species: Crabro rufiventris
Panzer, 1799 [= Sphex clavipes Linnaeus, 1758], designated by J. Curtis,
1837:text accompanying plate 656. See also Stephens, 1829b:366 and J. Curtis,
1829:123. Physoscelus Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau and Brullé, 1835:804. Type
species: Crabro rufiventris Panzer, 1799 [= Sphex clavipes Linnaeus,
1758], designated by Westwood, 1839:80. Corynopus Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau and Brullé, 1835:802. Type
species: Crabro tibialis of Panzer, 1801 [= Crabro tibialis
of Panzer, 1801 [= Crabro tibialis Fabricius, 1798 = Sphex coarctatus
Scopoli, 1763], by monotypy. Dryphus Herrich-Schaeffer, 1840:123. Type species: Crabro tibialis
Fabricius, 1798 = Sphex coarctatus Scopoli, 1763], by monotypy. Physoscelis Westwood, 1839:80. Lapsus or emendation of Physoscelus
Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau and Brullé, 1835. Alliognathus Ashmead, 1899d:219. Type species: Crabro occidentalis
W. Fox, 1895, by original designation. Synonymized with Corynopus by
Court and R. Bohart in Bohart and Menke, 1975:47. Calceorhopalum Tsuneki, 1952b:111. Type species: Rhopalum calceatum
(Tsuneki, 1947) [= Crabro calceatus Tsuneki, 1947, primary homonym
of Crabro calceatus Rossi, 1794 = Rhopalum pygidiale R. Bohart,
1976], by original designation. Latrorhopalum Tsuneki, 1952b:111. Type species: Rhopalum latronum
(Kohl, 1915) [= Crabro latronum, by original designation. Aporhopalum Leclercq, 1955k:3. Type species: Rhopalum perforator
F. Smith, 1876, by original designation. Zelorhopalum Leclercq, 1955k:4. Type species: Rhopalum aucklandi
Leclercq, 1955, by original designation. Notorhopalum Leclercq, 1979b:354, as subgenus of Rhopalum.
Type species: Rhopalum carnegiacum Leclercq, 1979, by original designation
and monotypy. ichneumoniforme (Arnold) Thyreopus ichneumoniformis Arnold, 1927:130, SCELIPHRON Sceliphron Klug, 1801:561. Type species: Sphex
spirifex Linnaeus, 1758, designated by Bingham, 1897:235. Pelopoeus Latreille, 1802b:334. Type species: Pelopoeus spirifex,
Fab." [= Pelopoeus spirifex of Fabricius, 1804 = Sphex spirifex
Linnaeus, 1758], designated by Latreille, 1810:438. Pelopaeus Latreille, 1804:180. Lapsus or emendation of Pelopoeus. Sceliphrum W. Schulz, 1906:192. Emendation of Sceliphron Klug,
1801. Prosceliphron van der Vecht in van der Vecht and van Breugel,
1968:192, junior homonym of Prosceliphron Frenguelli, 1946. Type species:
Sceliphron coromandelicum (Lepeletier, 1845) [= Pelopaeus coromandelicus
Lepeletier, 1845], by original designation. Hensenia Pagliano and Scaramozzino, 1990:5. Replacement name for
Prosceliphron van der Vecht, 1968. May by unnecessary because Prosceliphron
Frenguelli, 1946 is in doubt under Article 13 (Menke, 1990:29). fuscum Klug Sphex hemipterus Fabricius, 1798:244, sex not indicated, primary
homonym of Sphex hemipterus Scopoli, 1772. Lectotype: Sceliphron fuscum Klug, 1801:566, sex not indicated. Holotype or
syntypes: "Isle de France" (ZMHU). Strand, 1915:91 (as synonym
of Sceliphron coromandelicum; authorship attributed to Lepeletier);
van der Vecht and van Breugel, 1968:237 (as synonym of Sceliphron hemipterum);
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:105 (listed); Madl, Matyot, and Schödl, 1996:831
(Seychelles Islands); Madl, 1997:820 (Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island), 821
(in checklist of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae). Sceliphron quodi Vachal, 1907:144, SOLIERELLA Solierella Spinola, 1851a:349. Type
species: Solierella chilensis Spinola, 1851, by monotypy. Sylaon Piccioli, 1869a:pl. 1. Type species:
Silaon compeditus Piccioli, 1869, by monotypy. Silaon Piccioli, 1869b:283. Lapsus or
emendation of Sylaon Piccioli, 1869. Niteliopsis S. Saunders, 1873:410. Type
species: Niteliopsis pisonoides S. Saunders, 1873, by monotypy. Gender:
feminine (Article 30a of the Code). Ammosphecidium Kohl, 1878:701. Type species:
Ammosphecidium helleri Kohl, 1878 [= Silaon compeditus Piccioli,
1869], by monotypy. Lautara Herbst, 1920a:217. Type species:
Lautara jaffueli Herbst, 1920, by monotypy. madagascariensis Arnold Solierella madagascariensis Arnold, 1945:139,
pallidipes Arnold Solierella pallidipes Arnold, 1945:140,
SPHECIUS Sphecius Dahlbom, 1843:154. Type species: Sphecius
speciosus Dahlbom, 1843 (secondary homonym of Sphecius speciosus
(Drury, 1773)) [= Sphex specious Drury, 1773], by monotypy. Hogardia Dufour, 1841:228. Type species: Hogardia dufourrii
Dufour, 1841, by monotypy. Not available: published in synonymy of Stizus
nigricornis (Article 11e). Hogardia Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845:288. Type species: Hogardia
rufescens Lepeletier, 1845 [= Stizus hogardi Latreille, 1806, by
tautonymy (Article 68d)]. Sphecienus Patton, 1879c:345. Type species: Stizus nigricornis
Dufour, 1838, by original designation Nothosphecius Pate, 1936d:199. Type species: Stizus
grandidieri de Saussure, 1887, by original designation. grandidieri (de Saussure) Stizus grandidieri de Saussure, 1887:9, Sphecius freyi Handlirsch, 1891:27, SPHEX Sphex Linnaeus, 1758:569. Type species: Sphex flavipennis
Fabricius, 1793, designated by International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature,
1946:571 (Opinion 180) which reversed its earlier designation as type of Sphex
sabulosus Linnaeus, 1758 (1911:76, Opinion 32). Sphaex Scopoli, 1772:122. Lapsus or emendation of Sphex Linnaeus,
1758. Ammobia Billberg, 1820:105. Type species Pepsis argentata
(Fabricius, 1804) [= Sphex argentatus Fabricius, 1787], designated
by Rohwer, 1911c:153 Proterosphex Fernald, 1905:163. Type species: Sphex maxillosus
Fabricius, 1793, junior homonym of Sphex maxillosus Poiret, 1787 [=
Sphex funerarius Gussakovskij, 1934]. Fernaldina R. Bohart and Menke, 1963:130. Type species: Sphex
lucae de Saussure, 1867. By monotypy. fumicatus voeltzkowii Kohl Sphex umbrosus var. voeltzkowii Kohl, 1909:370, malagassus de Saussure Sphex malagassus de Saussure, 1890:pl. 18, fig. 38, Sphex malagassus de Saussure, 1891:259, Sphex malagassus de Sausure, 1892:259, torridus F. Smith Sphex torridus F. Smith, 1873c:291, SPILOMENA Celia Shuckard, 1837:182. Type species: Celia troglodytes
(Vander Linden, 1829) [= Stigmus troglodytes Vander Linden], by original
designation and monotypy. Junior homonym of Celia Zimmermann, 1832. Spilomena Shuckard, 1838:79. Replacement name for Celia Shuckard,
1837. Microglossa Rayment, 1930:212. Type species: Microglossa longifrons
Rayment, by original designation. Junior homonym of Microglossa Voight,
1831. Microglossella Rayment, 1935:634. Replacement name for Microglossa
Rayment, 1930. Taialia Tsuneki, 1971j:10. Type species: Taialia formosana
Tsuneki, 1971, by original designation and monotypy. Synonymized with Spilomena
by R. Bohart in R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:41. seyrigi Arnold Spilomena seyrigi Arnold, 1945:142, STIZOIDES Stizoides Guérin-Méneville, 1844:438 (as subgenus
of Stizus). Type species: Larra fasciata Fabricius, 1798 (secondary
homonym of Stizus fasciatus (Fabricius, 1798)) [= Sphex assimilis
Fabricius, 1787], designated by J. Parker, 1929:10. Omphalius Vachal, 1900a:534, junior homonym of Omphalius Philippi,
1847. Type species: Omphalius niger Vachal, 1900a:535 [= Stizoides
niger (Radoszkowski, 1881:208)], by monotypy. Scotomphales Vachal, 1900a:843. Replacement name for Omphalius
Vachal, 1900a:534. Scotomphales Vachal, 1900b:233. Replacement name for Omphalius
Vachal, 1900a:534. Tachystizus Minkiewicz, 1934:251. Not available: type species not
designated (Article 13b). Tachystizus Pate, 1937c:63. Type species: Crabro tridentatus
Fabricius, 1775, by original designation. Validation of Tachystizus
Minkeiwicz, 1934. cyanipennis (de Saussure) Stizus cyanipennis de Saussure, 1887:9, STIZUS Stizus Latreille, 1802b:344. Type species: "Stizus
ruficornis" Fabr. [= Bembix ruficornis Fabricius, 1787 (secondary
homonym of Vespa ruficornis J. Forster, 1771) = Vespa ruficornis
J. Forster, 1771, designated by Blanchard, 1846:pl.121. Larra Fabricius sensu Klug, 1845:pl. 46 and text (in part). R. Bohart
and Menke (1976:53) commented as follows: Larra Fabricius contained
unrelated species of sphecids as well as a scoliid and a tiphiid. Latreille
(1802b) recognized the conglomerate nature of the genus and restricted Larra
to wasps now placed in the Larrinae. He established the new genus Stizus
for the remaining sphecids of Fabricius' Larra. Klug and F. Smith both
restricted Larra to species assigned by other authors to Latreille's
Stizus. F. Smith (1856:273-274, 337) went so far as to designate a
type species for Larra, although his designation was antedated by that
of Latreille, 1810 and others. Species placed in Larra By Klug and
F. Smith are now assigned to Stizus, Stizoides, and Bembecinus. Larra Fabricius sensu F. Smith, 1856:337 (in part). Megastizus Patton, 1879c:344. Type species: Stizus brevipennis
Walsh, 1869, by original designation. Stizolarra de Saussure, 1887:9. Type species: Sphex vespiformis
Fabricius, 1775, designated by Pate 1937c:62. Megalostizus W. Schulz, 1906:199. Emendation of Megastizus
Patton, 1879. berlandi Arnold Stizus berlandi Arnold, 1945:76, TACHYSPHEX Tachysphex Kohl, 1883a:166. Type species: Tachysphex
filicornis Kohl, 1883 [= Tachytes fugax Radoszkowski, 1877], designated
by Bingham, 1897:192. Schistosphex Arnold, 1922:137. Type species: Schistosphex breijeri
Arnold, 1922, by original designation and monotypy. Atelosphex Arnold, 1923a:177. Type species: Atelosphex miscophoides
Arnold, 1923, by original designation and monotypy. ambositrae Leclercq Tachysphex ambositrae Leclercq, 1967b:67, anceps Arnold Tachysphex anceps Arnold, 1945:102, bruneiceps Arnold Tachysphex bruneiceps Arnold, 1923a:153, crassicornis Arnold Tachysphex crassicornis Arnold, 1945:105, excisus Arnold Tachysphex dimidiatus de Sausssure, 1892:483, Tachysphex dimidiatus var. excisus Arnold, 1945:104, halictiformis Arnold Tachysphex halictiformis Arnold, 1945:100, insulsus Arnold Tachysphex insulsus Arnold, 1945:104, micromegas de Saussure Tachysphex micromegas de Saussure, 1892:481, Tachysphex sikorae de Saussure, 1892: pl. 27, fig. 2 (as Sikorae,
incorrect original capitalization). Objective synonym of Tachysphex micromegas.
Synonymized with Tachysphex micromegas by Menke in Bohart and
Menke, 1976:274. perniger Arnold Tachysphex perniger Arnold, 1947:166, scaurus Arnold Tachysphex scaurus Arnold, 1945:98, sericeus flavofimbriatus Arnold Tachysphex fluctuatus var. flavofimbriatus Arnold, 1945:97,
sexinus Leclercq Tachysphex sexinus Leclercq, 1961d:111, seyrigi Arnold Tachysphex seyrigi Arnold, 1945:99, suavis Arnold Tachysphex suavis Arnold, 1929c:385, subcoriaceus Arnold Tachysphex subcoriaceus Arnold, 1945:98, subeditus Leclercq Tachysphex subeditus Leclercq, 1961d:109, villosus Arnold Tachysphex villosus Arnold, 1947:164, TACHYTES Tachytes Panzer, 1806:129. Type species: Pompilus
tricolor of Fabricius, 1798 [= Sphex tricolor Fabricius, 1793 (primary
homonym of Sphex tricolor Schrank, 1781) = Sphex tricoloratus
Turton, 1801 = Tachytes obsoletus tricoloratus (Turton, 1801)],
by monotypy. Lyrops Illiger, 1807a:162. Type species: Andrena etrusca Rossi,
1790, by monotypy. See also Illiger, 1807b:195. Tachyptera Dahlbom, 1843:133. Type species: Apis obsoleta
Rossi, 1792, designated by Patton, 1880b:391. Junior homonum of Tachyptera
Berge, 1842. Holotachytes R. Turner, 1917d:10. Type species: Tachytes dichrous
F. Smith, 1856, by original designation. Calotachytes R. Turner, 1917d:10. Type species: Tachytes marshalli
R. Turner, 1912, by original designation. Tachyoides Banks, 1942:397. Type species: Tachytes mergus
W. Fox, 1892, by original designation. Tachyplena Banks, 1942:397. Replacement name for Tachyptera
Dahlbom, 1843. Tachyplena can be also regarded as a new genus name
because Banks designated Tachytes mandibularis Patton, 1880, as type
species (Bohart and Menke, 1976:44). Tachynana Banks, 1942:398. Type species: Tachytes obscurus
Cresson, 1872 [= Tachytes chrysopyga obscurus Cresson, 1872], by original
designation. argyropis de Saussure Tachytes argyropis de Saussure, 1887:18, copiosus Arnold Tachytes copiosus Arnold, 1945:111, flavocinereus Arnold Tachytes flavocinereus Arnold, 1945:112, indifferens Arnold Tachytes indifferens Arnold, 1945:110, oviventris de Saussure Tachytes oviventris de Saussure, 1891:260, Tachytes oviventris de Saussure, 1892:478, picticornis Arnold Tachytes picticornis Arnold, 1945:111, rufomarginatus Arnold Tachytes rufomarginatus Arnold, 1945:109, TRYPOXYLON Trypoxylon Latreille, 1796:121, no included species.
Type species: Sphex figulus Linnaeus, 1758, designated by Latreille,
1802b:339 (first included species). Tripoxilon Spinola, 1806:65. Lapsus or emendation of Trypoxylon
Latreille, 1796. Apius Panzer, 1806:106. Type species: Sphex figulus of Panzer,
1801 [= Sphex figulus Linnaeus, 1758, by monotypy. Apius Jurine, 1807:140, junior homonym of Apius Panzer, 1806.
Type species: Sphex figulus of Fabricius, 1775 [= Sphex figulus
Linnaeus, 1758], designated by Morice and Durrant, 1915:394. Trypoxilon Jurine, 1807:141 and tableau comparatif, p. 2. Lapsus
or emendation of Trypoxylon Latreille, 1796. Trypoxylum Agassiz, 1846:380. Unjustified emendation of Trypoxylon
Latreille, 1796. Trypoxylum W. Schulz, 1906:212, junior homonym of Trypoxylum
Agassiz, 1846. Unjustified emendation of Trypoxylon Latreille, 1796. Trypargilum Richards, 1934:191. Type species: Trypoxylon nitidum
F. Smith, 1856, by original designation. Asaconoton Arnold, 1959:322. Type species: Trypoxylon egregium
Arnold, 1959, by original designation. cataractae madecassum Arnold Trypoxylon cataractae madecassum Arnold, 1945:9, errans de Saussure Trypoxylon errans de Saussure, 1867:84, Trypoxylon intrudens F. Smith, 1870:188, Trypoxylon canaliculatum Cameron, 1889c:122, sex non indicated. Lectotype:
Trypoxylon geniculatum Cameron, 1902f:313, Trypoxylon philippinense Ashmead, 1904c:283, Trypoxylon gardineri Cameron, 1907e:76, Trypoxylon ornatipes Cameron, 1913:24, " Trypoxylon pulawskii Tsuneki, 1956g:22, Trypoxylon tanoi Tsuneki, 1967d:13, Trypoxylon saitamaense Tsuneki, 1973a:13,
Trypoxylon indicum Menke in Bohart and Menke, 1976:346. Replacement
name for Trypoxylon ornatipes Cameron, 1913. hova de Saussure Trypoxylon hova de Saussure, 1892:525, luteosignatum Arnold Trypoxylon luteosignatum Arnold, 1945:11, punctatissimum Arnold Trypoxylon punctatissimum Arnold, 1924:20, scutifrons de Saussure Trypoxylon scutifrons de Saussure, 1892:523, seyrigi Arnold Trypoxylon seyrigi Arnold, 1945:12, sinuosiscute Arnold Trypoxylon sinuosiscutis Arnold, 1945:13, tuberculifrons Arnold Trypoxylon tuberculifrons Arnold, 1945:8, web page created by Norman D. Penny Last updated 9 January 2001
CAS: California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, USA.
DEI: Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, Eberswalde, German;
FSAG: Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques de Gembloux, Belgium;
Genova: Museo Civico di Storia Naturale »Giacomo Doria«, Genova, Italy;
Kraków: Instytut Systematyki i Ewolucji Zwierzat, Polska Akademia Nauk, Kraków,
Poland;
MHNB: Musée dHistoire Naturelle de Bâle, Bâle (= Basel), Switzerland;
MHNG: Musée dHistoire Naturelle de Genève, Switzerland;
MNHN: Museum National dHistoire Naturelle, Paris, France;
MRAC: Musée Royal de lAfrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgium;
Napoli: Istituto e Museo di Zoologia dellUniversità di Napoli, Napoli,
Italy;
NHMW: Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien, Austria;
NRS: Naturhistoriska Ricksmuseet, Stockholm, Sweden;
OXUM: Oxford University Museum, Hope Department of Entomology, Oxford, Great
Britain;
SAM: South African Museum, Cape Town, South Africa;
SIF: Senckenbergisches Institut, Frankfurt, Germany;
TMP: Northern Flagship Institution Natural History Museum, formerly Transvaal
Museum, Pretoria, South Africa;
Torino: Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali, Torino, Italy;
UK: The University of Kansas, Department of Entomology, Snow Entomological Museum,
Lawrence, Kansas, USA;
USNM: United States National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution,
Washington, D.C.;
ZIN: Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia;
ZMHU: Zoologisches Museum der Humboldt Universität, Berlin, Germany;
ZMK: Zoological Museum, Copenhagen, Denmark;
. Holotype:
,
Madagascar: Behara (MNHH). Leclercq, 1960a:100 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and
Menke, 1976:458 (listed).
(as Seyrigi, incorrect original capitalization). Holotype:
, Madagascar: Perinet (MNHN). R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:458 (listed).
,
.
Syntypes: Madagascar: Antanimora, Behara, Bekily, Ivondro (MNHN). Leclercq,
1961d:102 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:513 (listed); Madl, 1997:820
(Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island), 822 (in checklist of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae).
,
.
Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:513 (listed);
Leclercq, 1990b:118 (Madagascar).
.
Holotype:
, Madagascar: Diego Suarez (depository?).
- As Ammatomus madescassus: Arnold, 1945:64 (new combination,
Madagascar; redescription); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:513 (listed); Leclercq,
1990b:118 (Madagascar, Comoro Islands; prey: Flatidae, Cixiidae); Madl, 1997:822
(in checklist of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). R.
Bohart and Menke, 1976:513 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:118 (Madagascar).
,
(as Seyrigi, incorrect original capitalization).
Syntypes: Madagascar: Antanimora, Bekily (MNHN). R. Bohart and Menke,
1976:513 (listed); Hancock, Chahwanda, and Mhlanga, 1995:37 (syntypes in Bulawayo
Museum).
. Syntypes:
, Madagascar: Imerina, Antananarivo, Anosibé
(MHNG). Arnold, 1945:87 (as junior synonym of Sphex beninensis,
Madagascar). As Ammophila lugubris var. imerinae:
Kohl, 1909:371 (new status;Comoro Islands, Madagascar, Europa Island in Mozambique
Channel). As Ammophila beninensis imerinae: R. Bohart
and Menke, 1976:151 (new status, listed).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). Arnold,
1945:144 (in key); Leclercq, 1959a:25 (in key); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:198
(listed).
. Syntypes:
,
Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). Arnold, 1945:144 (in key); Leclercq, 1959a:25
(in key). As Ammoplanellus claripennis: R. Bohart and
Menke, 1976:198 (new combination, listed).
. Holotype:
, Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). Arnold,
1945:144 (in key); Leclercq, 1959a:25 (in key); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:198
(listed).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). Arnold,
1945:144 (in key); Leclercq, 1959a:25 (in key); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:198
(listed); Leclercq, 1990b:120 (Madagascar).
. Holotype:
, Madagascar: Toliara (ZMHU or SIF) Arnold, 1945:144 (in key); Pate,
1937a:104 (placed in subgenus Ammoplanellus); Leclercq, 1959a:26 (in
key). As Ammoplanellus madecassus: R. Bohart and Menke,
1976:198 (new combination, listed).
. Holotype:
, Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). Arnold, 1945:144 (in key); Leclercq, 1959a:25
(in key). As Ammoplanellus orientalis: R. Bohart in
Bohart and Menke, 1976:200 (new combination, new status).
. Holotype or syntypes:
, China: Hong Kong (NHMW). Synonymized with
Ampulex compressa by Gerstaecker, 1871:852
.
Holotype or syntypes:
, Tanzania: Zanzibar: no specific locality (MHNG). de Saussure, 1892:443
(in key). As Ampulex striolata: Kohl, 1893d:502 (new combination,
original description copied); Dalla Torre, 1897:377 (listed); Arnold, 1928a:227
(original description translated into English.
. Syntypes:
, Madagascar: Anosibé in Bezanozano Province
(MHNG). As Astata blanda: Arnold, 1945:43 (in key); R.
Bohart and Menke, 1976:212 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:114 (Madagascar: Tsimbazaza;
keyed).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). R.
Bohart and Menke, 1976:212 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:114 (Madagascar, keyed);
Hancock, Chahwanda, and Mhlanga, 1995:37 (one syntype in Bulawayo Museum).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Behara, Bekily (MNHN).
Leclercq, 1960a:96 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:213 (listed);
Leclercq, 1990b:114 (Madagascar, keyed); Hancock, Chahwanda, and Mhlanga,
1995:37 (syntypes in Bulawayo Museum).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Behara, Bekily (MNHN).
Leclercq, 1960a:97 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:213 (listed);
Leclercq, 1990b:114 (in key), 115 (Madagascar); Hancock, Chahwanda, and Mhlanga,
1995:37 (syntypes in Bulawayo Museum).
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). As
Bembecinus assentator: Leclercq, 1961d:102 (Madagascar, new combination);
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:530 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:118 (Madagascar; male
sternum VII dentate).
,
. Holotype:
, Madagascar: Toliara: Beza Mahafaly Reserve
(UK).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Antanimora, Bekily (MNHN). As Bembecinus
hirtiusculus: R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:531 (new combination).
,
.
Syntypes: Madagascar: Amboasary, Behara, Bekily (MNHN). Leclercq, 1960a:100
(Madagascar); Hancock, Chahwanda, and Mhlanga, 1995:40 (syntypes in Bulawayo
Museum). As Bembecinus mirus: Leclercq, 1961d:103 (Madagascar,
new combination); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:531 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:119
(Madagascar); Madl, 1997:820 (Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island), 822 (in checklist
of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae).
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Antanimora, Ranomafana (MNHN). As Bembecinus
rectilateralis: Leclercq, 1961d:103 (new combination); R. Bohart and
Menke, 1976:532 (listed).
. Holotype:
, Madagascar: no specific locality (MNHN);
see de Saussure, 1892:468 for type status. As Stizolarra spinicornis:
de Saussure, 1892:467 (Madagascar, redescription). As Stizus spinicornis:
Handlirsch, 1892:42 (new combination, original description copied), 1895:972
(redescription); Dalla Torre, 1897:531 (listed). As Bembecinus
spinicornis: R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:532 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:119
(Madagascar, type in MNHN); R. Bohart, 1997a:177 (discussion of synonymy with
varians); Madl, 1997:820 (Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island), 822 (in
checklist of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae).
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). Synonymized
with Bembecinus spinicornis by Leclercq, 1990b:119. As Bembecinus
varians: Leclercq, 1961d:103 (Madagascar, new combination); R. Bohart
and Menke, 1976:532 (listed).
,
. Holotype:
, Madagascar: Toliara: 38 km N Toliara (KU).
,
(
= Bembex madecassa). Lectotype:
, Madagascar: Antananarivo (MHNG), designated by Leclercq, 1961d:104. Nec
de Saussure, 1892:458 (
only) and Handlirsch, 1893:734 (
only) = Bembix madecassa; Kohl, 1909:373
(Madagascar: Andranohinaly). As Bembix hova: Arnold,
1945:81 (Madagascar; redescription); Leclercq, 1960a:100 (Madagascar), 1961d:104
(Madagascar; in key); Bohart and Menke, 1976:546 (listed); Madl, 1997:821
(Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island), 822 (in checklist of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae).
(Madagascar), corrected to Bembix hova
by Arnold, 1945:81.
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Tulear (ZMHU or SIF).
As Bembix latebrosa: Arnold, 1945:83 (Madagascar; redescription);
Leclercq, 1960a:100 (Madagascar), 1961d:104 (in key), 105 (Madagascar); Bohart
and Menke, 1976:547 (listed).
.
Holotype:
, illustrated specimen, Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG). de
Saussure, 1892:456 (Madagascar, redescription); Handlirsch, 1893c:818 (revision),
1895:1003 (Comoro Islands); Kohl, 1909:373 (Madagascar: Tamatave, Toliara);
R. Turner, 1911b:371 (Seychelles Islands). As Bembix madecassa:
J. Parker, 1929:139 (revision); Arnold, 1945:79 (Madagascar; redescription);
Leclercq, 1960a:100 (Madagascar), 1961d:104 (in key), 105 (Madagascar); Bohart
and Menke, 1976:547 (listed); Madl, 1997:821 (Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island),
822 (in checklist of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae).
. Holotype:
, illustrated specimen, Madagascar: no specific locality (ZMHU). Synonymized
with Bembix madecassa by Arnold, 1945:79.
. Objective synonym of Bembex madecassa de Saussure, 1891. Lectotype:
, Madagascar: Antananarivo (MHNG), unnecessary designation by Leclercq, 1961d:105.
de Saussure, 1892:456 (Madagascar, redescription).
. Objective synonym of Bembex militaris de Saussure, 1890. Lectotype:
, Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG), unnecessary designation by Leclercq,
1961d:105
. Objective synonym of Bembex madecassa de Saussure, 1890.
. Lectotype:
, Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG), designated by Leclercq, 1961d:105.
Synonymized with Bembix madecassa by de Saussure, 1892:456.
only) and Handlirsch, 1893c:734 (revision,
only),
corrected to Bembix madecassa by Arnold, 1945:79.
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Ambositra, Bekily,
Ivondro, Ranomafana (MNHN). Arnold, 1945:149 (in key). As Carinostigmus
nubilipennis: R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:191 (listed; new combination).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). Arnold,
1945:149 (in key). As Carinostigmus tenellus: R. Bohart
and Menke, 1976:191 (listed; new combination).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily, Ivondro (MNHN).
Empey, 1969a:300 (listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:576 (listed);
Empey, 1983:163 (type examined, reference to holotype incorrect).
. Holotype:
,
Madagascar: Rogez (MRAC). R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:579 (listed);
Empey, 1983:163 (listed).
].
Lectotype:
,
Madagascar: no specific locality (Genova), designated by Guiglia, 1948b:179
(Article 74.6). F. Smith, 1856:450 (listed); Schletterer, 1887:486
(listed); de Saussure, 1892:555 (original description copied); Guiglia, 1948b:179
(type in Genova), 187 (redescription). Leclercq, 1961d:102 (Madagascar),
1962b:211 (Madagascar: Bekily); Empey, 1969a:301 (listed); R. Bohart
and Menke, 1976:577 (listed); Empey, 1983:164 (listed).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Antanimora, Bekily,
Behara, Ivondro (MNHN). Synonymized with Cerceris argentifrons by Guiglia,
1948b:187, by Leclercq, 1961d:102, and conditionally by Empey, 1969a:301.
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:577 (as questionable synonym of Cerceris
argentifrons); Empey, 1983:164 (reference to holotype is incorrect); Hancock,
Chahwanda, and Mhlanga, 1995:37 (syntypes in Bulawayo Museum).
. Holotype:
, Madagascar: Behara (MNHN). R. Bohart
and Menke, 1976:577 (listed); Empey, 1983:166 (listed).
.
Holotype or syntypes:
,
Madagascar: no specific locality (MNHN, now probably lost: Empey, 1983:167).
de Saussure, 1892:541 (Madagascar, redescription); Arnold, 1945:22
(Madagascar; redescription); Empey, 1969a:303 (listed); R. Bohart and
Menke, 1976:579 (listed); Empey, 1983:167 (type material missing).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Behara, Bekily, Ivondro
(MNHN). R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:579 (listed); Empey, 1983:167
(listed, holotype examined); Madl, 1997:821 (Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island,
as dentriventris), 822 (in checklist of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae, as dentriventris).
,
(as Duchesnei, incorrect original
capitalization). Syntypes: Madagascar: Ambovimbi, Antananarivo, Bekily (MNHN).
Leclercq, 1961d:102 (Madagascar); Empey, 1969a:305 (listed, as
duchnesei); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:580 (listed); Empey, 1983:169
(listed, holotype examined).
.
Lectotype:
, Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG), designated by Empey, 1983:171 (Article
74.6). de Saussure, 1892:547 (Madagascar, redescription); Arnold, 1945:41
(Madagascar; redescription); Leclercq, 1962b:211 (Madagascar: Rogez); Empey,
1969a:308 (listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:581 (listed); Madl, 1997:821
(Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island), 822 (in checklist of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae).
,
(as Gallienii, incorrect original
capitalization). Lectotype:
,
Madagascar: Fort Dauphin (MNHN), designated by Empey, 1983:172 (Article 74.6).
Leclercq, 1962b:211 (Madagascar: Rogez); Empey, 1969a:308 (listed);
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:581 (listed, as gallieni); Empey, 1983:172
(listed); Hancock, Chahwanda, and Mhlanga, 1995:37 (syntypes in Bulawayo Museum).
,
(as Augagneuri, incorrect original
capitalization). Syntypes: Madagascar: Antsirabé (MNHN). Synonymized with
Cerceris gallienii by Leclercq, 1962b:211. Empey, 1969a:302 (listed);
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:577 (listed); Empey, 1983:165 (listed, type
examined).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN), designated
by Empey, 1983:173 (Article 74.6). As Cerceris gallieni bekilensis:
Empey, 1969a:308 (new status, listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:581
(listed); Empey, 1983:172 (listed).
(as Hildebrandti, incorrect original capitalization). Holotype or syntypes:
Madagascar:
,
no specific locality (missing: Empey, 1983:173). Empey, 1969a:301 (listed);
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:582 (listed).
,
. Lectotype:
,
Madagascar: Ivondro (MNHN), designated by Empey, 1983:177 (Article 74.6).
Empey, 1969a:312 (listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:583 (listed).
,
. Lectotype:
,
Madagascar: Nosibe (MHNG), designated by Empey, 1983:180. R. Bohart
and Menke, 1976:584 (listed). As Cerceris nenitra (a misspelling):
de Saussure, 1892:551 (Madagascar, redescription); R. Turner, 1911b:370 (Seychelles
Islands); Arnold, 1945:42 (Madagascar; redescription); Vesey-Fitzgerald, 1956b:362
(Seychelles, as renitra); Leclercq, 1961d:102 (Madagascar), 1962b:212
(Madagascar); Empey, 1969a:316 (listed).
. Holotype:
, Madagascar: Ivondro (MNHN). Synonymized with Cerceris nenicra by
Empey, 1983:180. Empey, 1969a:318 (listed, possibly dark form of Cerceris
nenit ra); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:585 (listed).
. Lectotype:
,
Madagascar: Andreagoloka (MHNG), designated by Empey, 1983:182 (Article 74.6).
de Saussure, 1892:543 (Madagascar, redescription); Arnold, 1945:24 (Madagascar;
redescription); Leclercq, 1962b:212 (Madagascar: Mandraka); Empey, 1969a:318
(listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:585 (listed).
. Lectotype:
, Madagascar: Antananarivo and Bezanozano
Province: Anosibé (MHNG). Synonymized with Cerceris paleata by Arnold,
1945:24.
.
Holotype:
,
illustrated specimen, Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG). de Saussure,
1892:549 (Madagascar, redescription); Arnold, 1945:23 (Madagascar; redescription);
Leclercq, 1962b:212 (Madagascar: Rogez); Empey, 1969a:318 (listed); R. Bohart
and Menke, 1976:585 (listed); Empey, 1983:183 (listed, type examined); Hancock,
Chahwanda, and Mhlanga, 1995:38 (specimen in Bulawayo Museum).
. Objective synonym of Cerceris perfida de Saussure, 1890.
. Holotype or syntypes:
, Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG,
type missing: Empey, 1983:183). Synonymized with Cerceris perfida by
Arnold, 1945:23.
. Lectotype:
, Madagascar: Andreagoloka (MHNG), designated
by Empey, 1983:183. Arnold, 1945:38 (Madagascar; redescription); Empey,
1969a:318 (listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:585 (listed); Empey, 1983:183
(listed).
. Objective synonym of Cerceris petiolata
de Saussure, 1891.
,
(as Rasoherinae, incorrect original
capitalization). Lectotype:
,
Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN), designated by Empey, 1983:184 (Article 74.6). Empey,
1969a:320 (listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:586 (listed).
,
. Lectotype:
,
Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN), designated by Empey, 1983:185 (Article 74.6). Synonymized
with Cerceris rasoherinae by Empey, 1983:202. As Cerceris
rasoherinae debilis: Empey, 1969a:320 (new status); R. Bohart
and Menke, 1976:586 (listed).
,
nec
(as Seyrigi, incorrect original capitalization).
Lectotype:
,
Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN), designated by Empey, 1983:188 (Article 74.6). Empey,
1969a:322 (listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:587 (listed); Empey, 1983:188
(the
described by Arnold is an undescribed species).
,
. Lectotype:
,
Madagascar: Bezanozano Province: Anosibé (MHNG), designated by Empey, 1983:189.
Arnold, 1945:19 (citation); Empey, 1969a:323 (listed); R. Bohart
and Menke, 1976:587 (listed).
.
Holotype:
, Madagascar: Rogez in East Coast Forest (MNHN). R. Bohart and
Menke, 1976:589 (listed); Empey, 1983:193 (listed, type examined).
,
. Holotype:
, Madagascar: Tamatave (FSAG). R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:102 (listed);
Hensen, 1988:25 (revision).
,
. Lectotype:
,
Madagascar: no specific locality (Genova), designated by Hensen, 1988:27.
As Sceliphron madecassum: Kohl, 1906a:193, 196
(in key), 1909:370 (Comoro Islands); Turner, 1911b:368 (Seychelles Islands);
Kohl, 1918:65 (revision); Arnold, 1945:86 (Madagascar). As Chalybion
madecassum: Leclercq, 1953b:211 (Madagascar); Vesey-Fitzgerald, 1956b:362
(Seychelles); Leclercq, 1961d:106 (Madagascar), 1966:56 (comparison with Chalybion
bonnenti; Hensen, 1988:27 (revision); Madl, Matyot, and Schödl, 1996:831
(Seychelles Islands); Madl, 1997:819 (Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island), 821
(in checklist of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae).
,
. Lectotype:
,
Madagascar: no specific locality (MNHN), designated by Hensen, 1988:27. Synonymized
with Sceliphron madecassum by Kohl, 1906a:193.
, India (in error): no specific locality (ZMK). Dalla Torre, 1897:418
(listed). As Pronoeus ciliatum: Dahlbom, 1845:XXII (new
combination, listed). As Chlorion ciliatum: Fabricius,
1804:218 (new combination, redescription); van der Vecht, 1961a:35 (redescription
of holotype); Leclercq, l969:1047 (Congo Brazzaville). As Chlorion
maxillosum ciliatum: R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:90 (listed); Dollfuss,
1990:122 (Central African Republic).
. Syntypes: Guinea: no specific locality (ZMK). Synonymized with Sphex
xanthocerus by Kohl, 1890:183. de Saussure, 1867:37 (review of variation).
As Pronaeus mandibularis: F. Smith, 1856:239 (listed);
Magretti, 1884b:578 (Sudan: Bahr el Salaam); Casolari and Casolari Moreno,
1980:110 (specimens in M. Spinola collection). As Sphex mandibularis:
Kohl, 1885b:175 (in revision of Palearctic Sphex); Ed. André, 1888:122
(in revision of Sphecidae of Europe and Algeria), 6* (bibliographic references).
As Chlorion ciliatum mandibulare: van der Vecht, 1961a:37
(new status, redescription of syntypes).
,
. Syntypes: Guinea, Congo: no specific locality (BMNH). Synonymized with Chlorion
ciliatum by van der Vecht, 1961a:36. Synonymized with Sphex xanthocerus
by Kohl, 1890:183. Magretti, 1884b:580 (Sudan: Bahr el Salaam). As
Sphex xanthocerus var. instabilis: Schouteden, 1930:95 (Zaire);
Berland, 1956:1164 (in revision of African Sphecini). As Chlorion
xanthocerum var. instablis: Arnold, 1928c:349 (original
description copied). As Chlorion xanthoceros instabile:
Leclercq, 1955h:44 (locality records), 1961b:48 (Zaire).
,
. Syntypes: South Africa: Natal: Port Natal (BMNH). Synonymized with Sphex
xanthocerus by Kohl, 1890:183.
. Holotype or syntypes:
, Mozambique: no specific locality (ZMHU).
Synonymized with Sphex xanthocerus by Kohl, 1890:183. Taschenberg,
1880:776 (description of
).
.
Holotype or syntypes:
,
Mozambique: no specific locality (ZMHU). Synonymized with Sphex xanthocerus
by Kohl, 1890:183. As Sphex xanthoceros var. subcyaneus:
Strand, 1916b:102 (Tanzania: Bagamoyo, as subcyanbeum); Berland, 1952b:275
(boundary of Ivory Coast, Guinea, and Liberia: Mt. Nimba), 1956:1164 (in revision
of African Sphecini). As Chlorion xanthocerum var. subcyaneum:
Arnold, 1928c:348 (revision). As Chlorion xanthoocerum subcyaneum:
Arnold, 1943:78 (Zaire). As Sphex subcyaneus: Schouteden,
1930:95 (Zaire).
. Objective synonym of Chlorion fulvipes
Gerstaecker, 1858.
. Holotype or syntypes:
, Guinea: no specific locality (NHMW). Synonymized
with Sphex xanthocerus by Kohl, 1890:183 (or an earlier author?). As
Chlorion xanthocerum var. zonatum: Arnold, 1928c:349 (revision).
As Sphex zonatus: Schouteden, 1930:95 (Zaire). As
Sphex xanthocerus var. zonatus: Berland, 1956:1165 (in revision
of African Sphecini).
. Holotype or syntypes:
, Angola: Humbe (Kraków). As questionabale
synonym of Chlorion maxillosum ciliatum: R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:90
(listed).
.
Lectotype:
,
Colombia: Caracas (Genova), designated by Menke in Bohart and
Menke, 1976:90. Synonymized with Chlorion maxillosum ciliatum by Menke
in Bohart and Menke, 1976:90.
,
. Syntypes: Kenya: Mount Meru: Ngare na nyuki
(NRS). Synonymized with Chlorion xanthocerum by R. Turner, 1913:746
and with Sphex xantocerum by Berland, 1926b:164.
. Holotype or syntypes:
, South Africa: Transvaal: Kranspoort (TMP). Synonymized with Chlorion
xanthocerum var. maxillaris by Arnold, 1928c:348.
,
(as kigonserana,, incorrect original
termination). Syntypes: German East Africa: Kigonsera (DEI). Synonymized with
Chlorion maxillosum ciliatum by Menke in Bohart
and Menke, 1976:90. - Berland, 1956:1163 (in revision of African Sphecini,
as kingiserana);. - As Chlorion xanthoceros kigonseranum::
Leclercq, 1953b:211 (first record from Madagascar), Leclercq, 1955h:42 (locality
records), 1961b:49 (Rwanda).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). Leclercq,
1954c:221 (listed), 304 (nest and prey records); 1958a:14, footnote (diagnostic
characters), 17 (Madagascar: Bekily, Ivondro). As Crossocerus
brunniventris bekiliensis: R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:400 (new status,
listed).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). As
Crossocerus hirtitibia: Leclercq, 1954c:236 (new combination, listed),
1958a:13 (in key), 25 (Madagascar: Bekily); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:401
(listed); Rodgers and Homewood, 1982:233 (Tanzania: Usambara Mountains).
. Holotype:
,
Madagascar: Anatananarivo (MHNG). Dalla Torre, 1897:610 (in catalog
of world Sphecidae). As Microcrabro micromegas: Arnold,
1945:185 (Madagascar). As Crossocerus micromegas: Leclercq,
1954c:221 (new combination, listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:402 (listed).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Antananarivo area
(MHNG). Arnold, 1945:170 (Madagascar; revision). As Dasyproctus
crudelis: Leclercq, 1954c:261 (new combination, listed), 1958a:50
(in key), 75 (listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:420 (listed); Leclercq, 1990a:233,
234, and 242 (in key), 250 (bibliographic references, shape of frontal carina),
1991d:19 (summary of collecting localities).
. Syntypes:
, Madagascar: Antananarivo area, Anosibé in Bezanozano Province (MHNG). Arnold,
1945:171 (Madagascar; revision). As Dasyproctus ferox:
Leclercq, 1954c:258 (new combination, listed), 1958a:39 (in key), 63 (additional
description), 1961b:87 (additional Madagascan records), 1961d:117 (Madagascar);
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:420 (listed); Leclercq, 1990a:225 and 237 (in key),
250 (bibliographic references), 1991d:19 (summary of collecting localities);
Madl, 1997:821 (Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island), 822 (in checklist of Nosy
Boraha Sphecidae).
. Syntypes:
, Madagascar: Anosibé in Bezanozano Province
(MHNG). Synonymized with Crabro ferox by Arnold, 1945:171. Dalla
Torre, 1897:604 (in catalog of world Sphecidae).
.
Holotype:
,
Madagascar: Fanovana District: Madag (USNM). Leclercq, 1958a:38 (in
key), 63, 1961d:117 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:421 (listed);
Leclercq, 1990a:224 and 236 (in key,
), 252 (bibliographic reference; Madagascar:
Angavoleky), 1991d:24 (summary of collecting localities).
. Holotype or syntypes:
, Madagascar: Antananarivo area (MHNG).
Dalla Torre, 1897:624 (in catalog of world Sphecidae); Arnold, 1945:172
(Madagascar; redescription). As Dasyproctus saevus: Leclercq,
1954c:261 (new combination, listed), 1958a:54 (in key), 86 (diagnostic characters);
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:421 (listed); Leclercq, 1990a:233, 234, 238, and
239 (in key), 252 (bibliographic references), 1991d:28 (relation to medicus,
summary of collecting localities).
,
(as Stevensoni, incorrect original
capitalization), primary homonym of Thyreopus stevensoni Arnold, 1926:344.
Syntypes: Zimbabwe: Bulawayo (SAM). Synonymized with Dasyproctus saevus
by Leclercq, 1990a:253. As Crabro stevensoni: Arnold,
1940:135 (new combination, preoccupied). As Dasyproctus stevensoni:
Schouteden, 1930:94 (new combination, Zaire); Leclercq, 1954c:260 (listed),
1958a:51 (in key), 88 (diagnostic characters), 1961b:82 (Zaire: Garamba National
Park); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:421 (listed).
. Holotype:
, Ghana: Aburi (BMNH). Synonymized with Dasyproctus
stevensoni by Leclercq, 1954c:259.
(as Saussurei, incorrect original
capitalization). Holotype or syntypes:
, Madagascar: no specific locality (NHMW).
Dalla Torre, 1897:624 (in catalog of world Sphecidae); W. Schulz, 1911:185
(as new synonym of Crabro crudelis); Arnold, 1945:174 (synonymy with
Crabro crudelis invalid). As Dasyproctus saussurei:
Leclercq, 1954c:261 (new combination, listed), 1958a:50 (in key), 75 (listed;
female head longer than in other Dasyproctus), 1961b:87 (Madagascar:
Mailaka); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:421 (listed); Dollfuss, 1989:9 (holotype
in NHMW); Leclercq, 1990a:234 and 242 (in key), 254 (bibliographic references),
1991d:31 (relations to crudelis, summary of collecting localities).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Rogez (MNHN). Synonymized
with Dasyproctus saussurei by Leclercq, 1958a:75. As Dasyproctus
infrarugosus: Leclercq, 1954c:261 (new combination, listed).
. Holotype:
, Madagascar: Toliara: Bereboka (BMNH). As
Daycatinca fantsilotra: Argaman, 1985:8 (new combination), 10 (in
key).
. Holotype:
, Madagascar: Toliara: Bereboka (BMNH).
As Daycatinca madecassa: Argaman, 1985:8 (new combination),
10, 11 (in key)..
. Holotype:
, Madagascar: Tamatave: Périnet, now Andasibé
(BMNH). As Daycatinca ravenala: Argaman, 1985:8 (new combination),
10, 11 (in key).
.
Syntypes:
, Madagascar: Antananarivo (MHNG). Kohl, 1893d:510 (revision); Dalla
Torre, 1897:371 (listed); Arnold, 1945:83 (Madagascar; redescription); Leclercq,
1961d:101 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:69 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:114
(Madagascar), Madl, 1997:819 (Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island) 821 (in checklist
of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae).
.
Holotype or syntypes:
,
Madagascar: Anosibé in Bezanozano Province (MHNG). Synonymized with Dolichurus
secundus by Arnold, 1945:83. Kohl, 1893d:512 (revision); Dalla Torre,
1897:371 (listed).
.
Syntypes: Madagascar: Ivondro (MNHN). As Ectemnius praeclarus:
Leclercq, 1954c:269 (new combination, listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:427
(listed); Leclercq, 1999:12 (in key to subgenera and species groups of Ectemnius).
.
Holotype:
,
Madagascar: Aninoravo (MNHN). Synonymized with Ectemnius praeclarus
by Leclercq, 1989c:51. R. Bohart Menke, 1976:421 (listed).
,
(as Seyrigi, incorrect original capitalization).
Syntypes: Madagascar: Ivondro (MNHN). Arnold, 1958:137 (belongs to subgenus Metacrabro
in Leclercq's system). As Ectemnius seyrigi: Leclercq,
1954c:269 (new combination, listed), 1961d:118 (belongs to subgenus Iwataia;
Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:428 (listed); Leclercq, 1989c:52 (variation).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). As
Ectemnius slateri nigrescens: R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:428 (listed).
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). Primary homonym of Crabro tridens
Fabricius, 1798, a junior synonym of Oxybelus uniglumis (Linnaeus,
1758). As Entomognathus tridens: Leclercq, 1954c:202 (new
combination, listed), 1961b:72 (Madagascar; description of
), 1997b:115 (in key), 120 (bibliographic references, faunal records, tentatively
assigned to subgenusMashona).
,
.
Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). As Entomognathus diversicornis:
Leclercq, 1954c:202 (new combination, listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:382
(listed); Leclercq, 1997b:118 (in key), 121 (bibliographic references, correction
to original description).
.
Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). As Entomognathus faunus:
Leclercq, 1954c:202 (new combination, listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:382
(listed), 1997b:115 (in key).
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Behara (MNHN). As Entomognathus midas:
Leclercq, 1954c:203 (new combination, new combination, listed); R. Bohart
and Menke, 1976:382 (listed; as midus); Leclercq, 1997b:116 (in key);
Leclercq, 1997b:116 (in key), 124 (bibliographic references).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). As
Entomognathus mimicus: Leclercq, 1954c:203 (new combination, listed),
303 (nest and prey records); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:382 (listed); Leclercq,
1997b:116 (in key), 124 (bibliographic references).
.
Syntypes: Madagascar: Ivondro, Rogez (MNHN). As Entomognathus
ruficaudatus: Leclercq, 1954c:202 (new combination, listed), 1961b:71
(Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:382 (listed); Leclercq, 1997b:115,
119 (in key), 128 (bibliographic references, tentatively assigned to subgenus
Mashona).
.
Holotype:
,
Madagascar: Taolanaro (ZIN), examined. Pate, 1937:26 (misspelled as
Eparmostethus). In Gastrosericus: Arnold, 1927:116
(Eparmatostethus synonymized with Gastrosericus), 1945:92 (ó);
Leclercq, 1960:96 (Madagascar: Behara); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:256 (listed);
Leclercq, 1990:115 (Madagascar: Bekily); Pulawski, 1995b:85 (revision).
,
. Holotype:
,
Madagascar: 5 km N Toliara (CAS).
.
Syntypes:
, Madagascar: Bezanozano: Anosibé (MHNG). As Gorytes histrio:
Handlirsch, 1895:907 (new combination, redescription); Dalla Torre, 1897:542
(listed); Arnold, 1945:57 (Madagascar; redescription); Leclercq, 1960a:100
(Madagascar). As Dienoplus histrio: R. Bohart in Bohart
and Menke, 1976:496 (new combination, listed); Leclercq, 1990b:119 (Madagascar;
variation).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: no specific locality
(MNHN). As Holotachysphex sacalava: Menke in
Bohart and Menke, 1976:282 (new combination, new status, listed); Pulawski,
1992a:234 (revision).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Behara, Bekily (MNHN).
Leclercq, 1960a:100 (Madagascar). As Hoplisoides bipustulatus:
R. Bohart in Bohart and Menke, 1976:520 (new combination, listed);
Leclercq, 1990b:119 (Madagascar; prey: Tettigometridae).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Antananarivo, Bekily
(MNHN). As Hovanysson albibarbis: R. Bohart in
Bohart and Menke, 1976:472 (new combination, listed).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Behara, Bekily, Fort
Dauphin, Ivondro (MNHN). Leclercq, 1961d:102 (Madagascar). As
Hovanysson camelus: R. Bohart in Bohart and Menke, 1976:472
(new combination, listed); Leclercq, 1990b:119 (Madagascar); Hancock, Chahwanda,
and Mhlanga, 1995:37 (syntype in Bulawayo Museum).
. Holotype:
, illustrated specimen, Madagascar: no specific
locality (MHNG). Kohl, 1895:50 (revision); Berland, 1926c:282 (Madagascar:
locality records); Leclercq, 1953b:211 (Madagascar). As Isodontia
leonina: Menke in Bohart and Menke, 1976:123 (new combination,
listed).
. Objective synonym of Sphex leoninus
de Saussure, 1890. Leclercq, 1961d:108 (Madagascar). As Chlorion
leoninum: Arnold, 1945:90 (Madagascar; redescription).
,
(as leonina, incorrect original termination).
Objective synonym of Sphex leoninus de Saussure, 1890.
(as Betsilea, incorrect original capitalization). Holotype or syntypes:
, Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG or MNHN). de Saussure, 1892:488
(Madagascar, redescription, description of
); Arnold, 1945:114 (Madagascar; redescription);
Leclercq, 1960a:96 (Madagascar), 1961d:121 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke,
1976:237 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:115 (in key), 116 (Madagascar).
(as Heydenii, incorrect original capitalization). Holotype:
, illustrated specimen, Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG). Arnold,
1945:115 (Madagascar; redescription); Leclercq, 1960a:96 (Madagascar); R.
Bohart and Menke, 1976:238 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:115 (in key), 116 (Madagascar).
,
, Syntypes: Madagascar: Anosibé in Bezanozano
Province and Imerina Province (MHNG). Objective synonym of Larra heydenii
de Saussure, 1890.
. Holotype or syntypes:
, Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG
or MNHN). de Saussure, 1892:496 (Madagascar, redescription); Arnold,
1945:116 (Madagascar; redescription); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:238 (listed);
Leclercq, 1990b:115 (in key), 116 (Madagascar).
, primary homonym of Larra prismatica F. Smith, 1857 (now in Bembecinus).
Holotype or syntypes:
,
Madagascar: no specific locality (MNHN). Arnold, 1945:114 (Madagascar;
redescription); Leclercq, 1960a:97 (Madagascar), 1961d:112 (Madagascar).
(as Saussurei, incorrect original capitalization). Syntypes: Madagascar:
no specific locality (NHMW). Synonymized with Larra prismatica de Saussure
by W. Schulz, 1911:190. R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:238 (listed); Dollfuss,
1989:10 (type material in NHMW); Leclercq, 1990b:115 (in key), 117 (Madagascar).
,
secondary homonym of Larra carbonaria (F. Smith, 1858). Holotype or
syntypes:
,
Madagascar: Bezanozano: Anosibé (MHNG).
. Syntypes:
, Madagascar: Andrangoloaka and Bezanozano:
Anosibé (MHNG). W. Schulz, 1911:190 (as new synonym of Larra prismatica
de Saussure); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:238 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:115
(in key), 117 (Madagascar); Madl, 1997:820 (Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island),
821 (in checklist of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae).
,
. Lectotype:
, Madagascar: Antananarivo or Anosibé in Bezanozano Province (MHNG), designated
by Leclercq, 1961d:113 (specific locality not indicated). As Liris
alaris: Arnold, 1945:125 (Madagascar; redescription); R. Bohart and
Menke, 1976:244 (listed).
.
Holotype:
,
illustrated specimen, Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG). R. Bohart
and Menke, 1976:244 (listed).
. Objective synonym of Notogonia antaka de Saussure, 1890. Lectotype:
, Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG), unnecessary designation by Leclercq,
1961d:113 (as antaca).
.
Emendation of Notogonia antaka and ancara. Bischoff,
1913c:73 (Zimbabwe: Bulawayo); von Schulthess in Friederichs, 1918:47
(Madagascar: Diego Suarez); Berland, 1925c:154 (Angola); Arnold, 1929c:394
(as synonym of Notogonidea radialis). As Motes antaca:
Leclercq, 1961d:113 (Madagascar). As Liris antaca: Arnold,
1945:126 (Madagascar: Behara; redescription).
, illustrated specimen
,
Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG). As Liris avellanipes:
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:244 (listed).
. Objective synonym of Notogonia avaellanipes de Saussure, 1890. Lectotype:
, Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG), unnecessary designation by Leclercq,
1961d:112. de Saussure, 1892:508 (Madagascar; redescription); Arnold,
1945:122 (Madagascar; redescription). As Motes avellanipes:
Leclercq, 1960a:97 (Madagascar), 1961d:111 (Madagascar).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN).
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:244 (listed); Madl, 1997:820 (Madagascar: Nosy Boraha
Island), 821 (in checklist of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae). As Motes
brunnipennis: Leclercq, 1960a:97 (Madagascar), 1961d:115 (Madagascar).
, incorrect original termination. Holotype
or syntypes:
, Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG).
Synonymized with Liris cowani de Saussure, 1892:515 (Madagascar,
redescription); Kohl, 1892:226 (E ),
227 (in key). As Liris haemorrhoidalis race jocositarsa:
Arnold, 1945:117 (Madagascar; redescription). As Liris haemorrhoidalis
jocositarsa: Leclercq, 1960a:97 (Madagascar), 1961d:112 (Madagascar);
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:245 (listed); Madl, Matyot, and Schödl, 1996:832
(Seychelles Islands)..
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Antananarivo and
Anosibé in Tamatave Province (MHNG). Synonymized with Liris cowani
by R. Turner, 1916b:249 and with Liris haemorrhoidalis var. jocositarsa
by Arnold, 1945. de Beaumont, 1961f:222 (valid name for Liris haemorrhoidalis
race jocositarsa of Arnold, 1945).
. Holotype:
, Madagascar: Maevatanatoa (MNHN). R.
Bohart and Menke, 1976:245 (listed).
.
Holotype or syntypes:
,
Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG or MNHN). de Saussure, 1892:513
(Madagascar, redescription). As Liris cubitalis: R. Bohart
and Menke, 1976:245 (listed; type locality given as Mauritius).
,
, incorrect original termination. Syntypes:
Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:245 (listed).
As Motes dejecta: Leclercq, 1960a:97 (Madagascar), 1961d:115
(Madagascar).
.
Holotype:
,
Madagascar: Imerina Province: no specific locality (MHNG). As Larra
dyscheira: Kohl in Dalla Torre, 1897:666 (listed, as dasycheira).
As Motes dyscheira: Leclercq, 1960a:97 (Madagascar), 1961d:113
(unnecessary designation of lectotype). As Liris dyscheira:
Arnold, 1945:123 (Madagascar, redescription; description of
, new combination); R. Bohart and Menke,
1976:245 (listed).
.
Holotype:
,
Madagascar: Antananarivo (MHNG). As Larra rufipes: Kohl
in Dalla Torre, 1987:672 (new combination, listed). As Motes
rufipes: Leclercq, 1961d:116 (Madagascar). As Liris rufipes:
Arnold, 1945:133 (Madagascar).
.
Holotype:
, Zimbabwe: Bulawayo (SAM). Arnold, 1929c:397 (description of
), 1945:132 (Madagascar). As Liris
gracilicornis: Arnold, 1951:160 (Ghana: Labadi); R. Bohart and
Menke, 1976:245 (listed); Dollfuss, 1993a:693 (Central African Republic: Kembe).
,
incorrect original termination. Syntypes:
,
Madagascar: Behara, Bekily, Ranomafana, Rogez (MNHN). R. Bohart and
Menke, 1976:246 (listed). As Motes incerta: Leclercq,
1960a:97 (Madagascar), 1961d:113 (Madagascar; comparison with Liris dejectus).
, Madagascar: Tamatave Province: Fampanambo (MHNB). As Liris:
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:246 (listed).
,
. Holotype: sex not indicated, Zimbabwe:
Bulawayo or Hopefountain (SAM). Arnold, 1929c:397 (description of
), 1945:132 (Madagascar). As Liris
minima: R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:246 (listed).
,
. Syntypes: Egypt: Cairo (BMNH). As
Notogonia nigricans: R. Turner, 1917b:319 (new combination; one
syntype in BMNH; Egypt, Gibraltar, Cabo Verde Islands); Richards, 1928a:362
(in revision of Mediterranean species); Gussakovskij, 1938:7 (China: Kiangsu
Province); Giner Marí, 1947:25 (Western Sahara), 1959:388 (Morocco: Fès; determination?).
As Leptolarra nigricans: Guiglia, 1937:186 (Libya: Cyrenaica;
redescription); de Beaumont, 1940a:18 (Egypt). As Motes nigricans:
Guiglia, 1942b:233 (Libya). As Liris nigricans: de Beaumont,
1947b:390 (Cyprus), 1950d:14 (Egypt: Siwa oasis); de Pittioni, 1950:24 (Cyprus);
Beaumont, 1955a:171 (Morocco), 1956a:196 (Libya; Chad: Tibesti), 1956d:2 (Cabo
Verde Islands), 1958b:60 (Algeria: Tassili des Ajjer); Suárez in Giner
Marí, 1959:400 (Liris nigricans is the correct name for Notogonia
nigricans of Giner Marí, 1959:388); de Beaumont, 1960b:237 (Libya), 1961e:4
(Iraq), 1961f:234 (revision), 1967a:330 (Turkey), 1968a:261 (Canary Islands:
Gran Canaria); Simon Thomas, 1969a:120 (Canary Islands: Tenerife); de Beaumont,
1970a:400 (Afghanistan); de Beaumont, Bytinski-Salz and Pulawski, 1973:5 (Israel);
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:246 (listed); Georghiou, 1977:190 (Cyprus); Báez
and Ortega, 1978:192 (Canary Islands); Guichard, 1978:271 (first record from
Greece); Kazenas, 1978b:102, 103 (in key to Sphecidae of Kazakhstan and Central
Asia); Guichard, 1980:227 (Oman); Islamov, 1986:524 (Uzbekistan: Tashkent
Oblast); Gayubo and Mingo, 1988:74 (Spain); Dollfuss, 1993a:693 (Central African
Republic: Kembe); Hohmann, La Roche, Ortega, and Barquín, 1993:220 (detailed
records from Canary Islands); Simon Thomas and Wiering, 1993:404 (listed);
Torregrosa, Gayubo, Tormos, and Asís, 1993:18 (Spain: Alicante Province);
Madl, 1997:820 (Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island), 821 (in checklist of Nosy
Boraha Sphecidae).
(nec
which = ?). Holotype (or syntypes): Egypt
(Napoli). Richards, 1928a:361 (as synonym of Notogonia memnonia);
de Beaumont, 1961f:235 (study of type).
. Holotype:
, Egypt: no specific locality (NHMW). Synonymized
with Notogonia nigricans by R. Turner, 1917b:319. nec Antiga
and Bofill, 1904:10, Mercet, 1910b:165, Berland, 1921, and Bernard, 1934a:62
(= Liris festinans praetermissa); Morice, 1911:97 (Algeria: Alger,
Biskra), 1921:79 (Iraq: Amara); Dollfuss, 1989:10 (type material in NHMW).
,
. Lectotype:
,
Madagascar: Antananarivo or Anosibé in Bezanozano Province, or Imerina Province
(MHNG), designated by Leclercq, 1961d:116 (specific locality not mentioned).
R. Turner, 1911b:370 (Seychelles Islands). As Motes nigricans
reticulata: Leclercq, 1960a:97 (Madagascar), 1961d:116 (Madagascar).
As Liris nigricans reticulata: Arnold, 1945:132 (Madagascar:
Bekily). As Liris nigricans var. reticulata: Arnold,
1951:160 (Ethiopia: Dilla).
,
(as Jugurthae, incorrect original capitalization). Lectotype:
, "Algeria: Boghari, Biskra",
correctly: Tunisia: Tunis (Genova), designated by de Beaumont, 1950e:263.
Synonymized with Liris nigricans by Guiglia, 1937:186. de Beaumont,
1950e:263 (synonymy confirmed).
. Holotype or syntypes:
, Cameroon: no specific locality (TMP).
Synonymized with Notogonia nigricans by Richards, 1928a:362, and with
Notogonia reticulata by Arnold, 1944:23. As Notogonia
palumbula: Kohl, 1906a:219 (new combination, Yemen: Socotra Island);
R. Turner, 1917b:319 (merely the tropical race of nigricans). As
Notogonidea nigricans, race palumbula: Arnold, 1923b:243
(revision); Schouteden, 1930:91 (Zaire).
. Holotype:
, Seychelles Islands: Mahé (BMNH), a headless
specimen. Synonymized with Notogonia reticulata by R. Turner, 1911b:370.
. Holotype or syntypes:
, Tanzania: Mt. Kilimanjaro: Kibonoto (NRS).
Synonymized with Notogonidea nigricans palumbula by R. Turner, 1917b:319.
. Lectotype:
, Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG),
designated by Arnold, 1940:123. de Saussure, 1892:467 (Madagascar, redescription);
nec Arnold, 1929:394 (= Liris memnonius); Giordani Soika, 1939c:101
(Eritrea: Asmara). As Motes radialis: Arnold, 1940:123
(synonymy); Leclercq, 1960a:97 (Madagascar), 1961d:114 (Madagascar, illegal
designation of lectotype). As Leptolarra radialis: Guiglia,
1939d:76 (Ethiopia: Sidamo: Malca Guba). As Liris radialis:
Arnold, 1945:127 (Madagascar: redescription and interpretation of the species);
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:247 (listed).
(as Radamae, incorrect original capitalization).
Holotype or syntypes:
, Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG).
Synonymized with Liris radialis by Leclercq, 1961d:114. As
Liris rqdamae: Arnold, 1945:127 (Madagascar, redescription, as
Radamae).
. Holotype:
, Madagascar: Fianarantsoa Province: Ihosy (MHNB). As Liris sabrina:
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:247 (new combination, listed).
, incorrect original termination. Syntypes:
Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:247 (listed).
As Motes scabriuscula: Leclercq, 1961d:115 (Madagascar).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Behara, Bekily (MNHN).
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:247 (listed). As Motes sepulchralis
hova: Leclercq, 1960a:97 (Madagascar), 1961d:116 (Madagascar).
. Syntypes:
, South Africa: Natal: Port Natal (BMNH). As Notogonidea solstitialis:
Arnold, 1923b:238 (revision); Schouteden, 1930:92 (Zaire); Arnold, 1933a:352
(Ethiopia: Muger Valley). As Motes solstitialis: Leclercq,
1960a:97 (Madagascar), 1961d:112 (Madagascar). As Liris solstitialis:
Arnold, 1945:121 (Madagascar; redescription; new combination), 1951:159 (Ghana:
Aburi, Accra); de Beaumont, 1961f:228 (revision), 1967b:508 (South Africa:
Natal); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:247 (listed).
.
Lectotype:
,
Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG), designated by Leclercq, 1961d:112.
Synonymized with Motes solstitialis by Leclercq, 1961d:112.
de Saussure, 1892:502 (Madagascar, redescription). As Larra femoralis:
Kohl in Dalla Torre, 1897:667 (new combination, listed).
.
Holotype or syntypes:
,
Tanzania: Mt. Kilimanjaro: Kibonoto (NRS). Synonymized with Notogonidea
solstitialis by Arnold, 1923b:238.
. Holotype:
, Madagascar: Fianarantsoa Province: Infanadiana
(MHNB). As Liris utopica: R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:248
(listed).
.
Holotype:
,
Madagascar: Tulear, now Toliara (ZMHU or SIF). As Motes voeltzkowii:
Leclercq, 1960a:97 (new combination, forgotten by Arnold, 1945). As
Liris voeltzkowii: R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:248 (listed).
,
, incorrect original termination. Syntypes:
Madagascar: Bekily, Fort Dauphin (MNHN). R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:248
(listed). As Motes xanthoptera: Leclercq, 1960a:98 (new
combination, Madagascar).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Behara, Bekily (MNHN).
Leclercq, 1960a:97 (Madagascar), 1961d:108 (Madagascar); R. Bohart
and Menke, 1976:299 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:117 (Madagascar).
,
. Holotype:
,
Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). Arnold, 1945:135 (in key); Leclercq, 1960a:997
(Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:318 (listed); Lomholdt, 1985:86 (revision);
Hancock, Chahwanda, and Mhlanga, 1995:38 (paratypes in Bulawayo Museum).
,
, incorrect original capitalization. Syntypes:
Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). Arnold, 1945:135 (in key); R. Bohart and
Menke, 1976:319 (listed); Lomholdt, 1985:79 (revision); Hancock, Chahwanda,
and Mhlanga, 1995:39 (paratype in Bulawayo Museum).
,
. Holotype:
,
Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). Arnold, 1945:135 (in key); R. Bohart and
Menke, 1976:319 (listed); Lomholdt, 1985:98 (revision).
.
Lectotype: Madagascar: Ivondro (MNHN), designated by Leclercq, 1999b:156.
As Neodasyproctus densepunctatus: Leclercq, 1954c:256
(new combination, listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:419 (listed); Leclercq,
1999b:156 (in revision of genus).
(as Ferrièrei, incorrect original
capitalization and diacritic mark). Holotype:
, Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG).
Synonymized with Neodasyproctus densepunctatus by Leclercq,
1996b:156. Leclercq, 1954c:256 (listed), 1961b:89 (Madagascar, diagnostic
characters); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:419 (listed).
. Holotype:
,
Madagascar: Tamatave: Didy (FSAG).
.
Holotype:
,
Madagascar: Ambositra (MNHN). As Neodasyproctus eburneopictus:
Leclercq, 1954c:256 (new combination, listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:419
(listed); Leclercq, 1999b:158 (in revision of genus).
.
Holotype:
,
Madagascar: Fianarantsoa: Isalo National Park: Analalva (FSAG).
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Behara (MNHN).
As Neodasyproctus protensus: Leclercq, 1954c:256 (new combination,
listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:419 (listed); Leclercq, 1999b:159 (in revision
of genus).
. Holotype:
, Madagascar: Fianarantsoa: Vohiparara (FSAG).
.
Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). As Neodasyproctus striolatus:
Leclercq, 1954c:256 (new combination, listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:419
(listed); Leclercq, 1999b:160 (in revision of genus).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Bezanozano Province:
Anosibé (MHNG). Dalla Torre, 1897:640 (in catalog of world Sphecidae);
Arnold, 1945:187 (Madagascar; redescription); Leclercq, 1960a:100 (Madagascar),
1961d:118 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:367 (listed); Leclercq,
1990b:120 (Madagascar).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN).
Leclercq, 1961d:118 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:369 (listed);
Leclercq, 1990b:120 (Madagascar).
.
Syntypes:
, Madagascar: Bezanozano Province: Anosibé (MHNG). Dalla Torre, 1897:648
(in catalog of world Sphecidae); Arnold, 1945:188 (Madagascar; redescription);
Leclercq, 1960a:100 (Madagascar), 1961d:118 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke,
1976:369 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:120 (Madagascar); Madl, 1997:821 (Madagascar:
Nosy Boraha Island), 822 (in checklist of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae).
,
. Lectotype:
, Madagascar: Behara (MNHN), designated by Pulawski, 1977b:639. Leclercq,
1961d:108 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:281 (listed); Pulawski,
1977b:639 (revision); Leclercq, 1990b:117 (Madagascar).
. Holotype:
,
Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:281 (listed);
Pulawski, 1977b:635 (revision).
.
Holotype:
, Zimbabwe: Bulawayo: Hillside (SAM). Arnold, 1945:180 (Madagascar:
Bekily). As Crossocerus sociabilis: Leclercq, 1954c:220
(new combination, type of new subgenus Pericrabro), 304 (nest and prey
records); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:403 (listed); Rodgers and Homewood, 1982:233
(Tanzania: Usambara Mountains). As Pericrabro sociabilis:
Leclercq, 2000b:160 (new combination, discussion of generic position).
(actually
). Holotype or syntypes:
, Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG). de Saussure, 1892:535 (Madagascar;
redescription, as
); Arnold, 1945:16 (Madagascar); Leclercq,
1962b:209 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:564 (listed; as bimaculus),
565 (footnote: nomenclatorical history); Leclercq, 1990b:120 (Madagascar,
as bimaculus).
. Syntypes:
, Madagascar: Antananarivo (MHNG). Synonymized with Philanthus bimacula
by W. Schulz, 1911b:173.
,
(incorrectly referred to as published in
de Saussure, 1891). Syntypes: Madagascar: Imerina Province: no specific locality
(MHNG). Primary homonym of Philanthus petiolatus Spinola, 1841 (now
in Trachypus).
,
. (as Radamae, incorrect original
capitalization). Syntypes: Madagascar: Behara, Bekily (MNHN). R. Bohart
and Menke, 1976:566 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:120 (Madagascar); Hancock, Chahwanda,
and Mhlanga, 1995:39 (syntypes in Bulawayo Museum).
, Africa: no specific locality, probably Algeria (Linnean Society, London).
Suppressed by International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 1990, Opinion
1578. Gmelin, 1790:2758 (redescription); Christ, 1791:241 (redescription,
as ruspatris); de Saussure, 1855:105 (not a vespid); Day, 1979:71 (study
of holotype; possibility of suppression of the name in favor of triangulum);
Day and Fitton, 1978:194 (recuration of Linnean type material); Pulawski,
1988b:34 (petition to ICZN to suppress the name). As Philanthus
ruspatrix: Menke, 1986b:21 (quotation of Day, 1979:71); Vikberg, 1986:78
(Finland).
, Denmark: Copenhagen (ZMK), see van der Vecht, 1961a:61. Synonymized with
Philanthus ruspatrix by Day, 1779:71 and 80. Conserved by International
Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 1990, Opinion 1578. Gmelin,
1790:2758 (redescription); van der Vecht, 1961a:61 (study of type); Pulawski,
1988b:34 (petition to ICZN to conserve the name). As Philanthus
triangulum: Fabricius, 1790:224 (new combination), 1793:289 (redescription),
1804:302 (redescription); Thunberg, 1815a:127 (diagnostic characters), 131
(redescription), 1815b:288 (diagnostic characters); Shuckard, 1837a:246 (in
revision of British Aculeata); von Siebold, 1839:53 (Germany: Danzig, now
Poland: Gdansk); Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau,
1845:35 (revision); Eversmann, 1849:398 (Russia: Orenburg province and lower
Volga area); Wesmael, 1852:268 (Belgium); Kawall, 1854:312 (Czechoslovakia);
F. Smith, 1856:468 (listed); Kirchner, 1857:24 (Kurland, now Latvia); Ruthe
and Stein, 1857:314 (Germany: Berlin area); Taschenberg, 1858:83 (Germany);
Brischke, 1862:102 (Germany: Preussen Province, now Poland: Pomorze); Wierzejski,
1868 (Poland: Kraków, Pieniny Mts.; Ukraine: Lvov); A. Costa, 1869b:112 (in
revision of Italian Philanthinae); Aichinger, 1870:316 (Austria: Tirol);
Thomson, 1870:241 (in revision of Swedish wasps); Ivanov, 1872:152 (Ukraine:
Kharkov area); Bieletskij, 1873:80 (Ukraine: Kharkov area); Wierzejski, 1874:260
(Poland: Kraków; Ukraine: Lvov, Podole); Marquet, 1875:204 (France: Haute-Garonne:
Toulouse); Taschenberg, 1875:404 (Germany: Halle; Italy: La Spezia; Egypt:
no specific locality); Frivaldszky, 1876:354 (Hungary: Temes Komitat: Grebenácz,
now in Timis District in Romania); Schlechtendal,
1876:54 (Germany: Zwickau); Radoszkowski, 1877:52 (Uzbekistan?: Obburden);
De Stefani Perez, 1882:39 (Italy: Sicilia: Sciacca); A. Costa, 1883a:57 (Italy:
Sardegna); Wüstnei, 1886:40 (Germany: Schleswig-Holstein); Brischke, 1888b:98
(Poland: Pomorze); Radoszkowski, 1888a:324 (male genitalia); Kohl, 1891:365
(listed); Radoszkowski, 1891:579 (reference to Radoszkowski, 1888a); Kohl,
1883e:183 (Egypt: Cairo); Baldini, 1894:61 (Italy: Modena area); De Stefani
Perez, 1894:216 (Italy: Sicilia); Krieger, 1894:13 (Germany: Kingdom of Saxony);
De Stefani Perez, 1895:227 (in catalog of Sicilian Hymenoptera); Lüderwaldt,
1897:31 (Poland: Pomorze); Ferton, 1899:336 (stinging prey just behind mouth);
E. Saunders, 1902b:143 (British Channel Islands); Antiga and Bofill,
1904:22 (Spain: Cataluña Province); Aurivillius, 1904:272 (in revision of
Swedish Sphecidae); E. Saunders, 1904c:607 (Spain: Mayorca), 639 (Spain);
Zilahy Kiss, 1904:77 (Hungary); W. Schulz, 1905b:61 (Tunisia); von Heyden,
1905:82 (Germany: Hessen); Kohl, 1906a:203 (Yemen: Aden, Makalla); de Gaulle,
1908:120 (in catalog of French Hymenoptera); Kohl, 1909:373 (Tanzania: Mafia
Island); Graeffe, 1911:47 (Italy: Trieste area); Morice, 1911:93 (Algeria:
abundant everywhere); Birula, 1912:544 (Ukraine: Radomysl near Kiev); Schirmer,
1912:168 (Germany: Berlin area); Bouvier, 1916:205 (males burrows; gregarious
nocturnal sites); R. Turner, 1918c:463 (synonymy, distribution: the whole
Ethiopian Region); Strand, 1920:23 (Germany: Berlin-Dahlem); Morice, 1921:77
(Iran: Enzeli, Talish); Gennerich, 1922:42 (morphology); Maidl, 1922:69 (Albania,
Croatia); Shestakov, 1922:82 (Russia: Stavropol' area); Alfken, 1924:231 (N
Germany); Maidl, 1924:243 (Sudan: Sennar); Berland, 1925d:45 (in Sphecid Fauna
of France); Grandi, 1926:283 (life history); Hémon, 1926:199 (France: Finistère:
Fouesnant); von Schulthess, 1926b:212 (Algeria, Tunisia, Libya); Wouro, 1927:312
(apicultural pest); Grandi, 1928a:13 (nesting in hard soil, nest entrance
closed when the female is inside with prey); Mellor, 1928:126 (preying at
honey bee at Ghiza, Egypt), 129 (Egypt); Schouteden, 1930:93 (Zaire); Bischoff,
1931:9 (Spain); Berland, 1932a:23 (France: Var Department; utilizing old charcoal
preparation sites for nesting); Giordani Soika, 1932a:21 (Italy: Lido di Venezia);
Thiem, 1932:173 (mass outbreak and threat to apiculture in Werra Valley, Germany);
Tinbergen, 1932:305 (life history, homing); Bernard, 1933:61 (France: Drôme:
Dieulefit); Nadig, 1933:95 (Morocco); Thiem, 1933:121 (threat to apiculture
in Werra Valley, Germany); Giner Marí, 1934:131 (Spain); Maidl, 1934:64 (Greece:
Aegean Islands: Samos, Amorgos); Thiem, 1934:13, 43 (pest control); Bernard,
1935:62 (France: Var: Fréjus area); Goetze, 1935:304 (pest control); Hausmann,
1935:150 (mass outbreak in Düren District, Germany); Körner, 1935:274 (mass
outbreak and damage to apiculture); Pelzer, 1935:310 (mass outbreak in Dinslaken
District, Germany); Rudiger, 1935:57 (mass outbreak in Germany and Holland);
Thiem, 1935a:348 (end of mass outbreak in Werra Valley, Germany), 1935b:112
(apicultural pest); Tinbergen, 1935:699 (analysis of preying behavior); Crèvecoeur
and Maréchal, 1936:254 (Belgium); Pelzer, 1936:41 (description of morphology
and nesting behavior); Roller, 1936:315 (Austria: loess cliffs at Bisamberg
near Vienna); Guiglia, 1938:8 (Italy: Sardegna); Tinbergen and Kruyt, 1938:292
(study of spacial orientation); Balthasar, 1941b:112 (Czech Republic: eastern
Moravia); Bræstrup and Nielsen, 1941: (Denmark); Leclercq, 1941b:13 (Belgium:
Liège area); Guiglia, 1942a:55 (Greece: Rhodes Island); Audcent, 1942:25 (parasites:
Metopia leucocephala Rossi, Sphecapata conica Fallén); Giner
Marí, 1943a:111 (in Sphecid Fauna of Spain); Guiglia, 1943a:69 (Albania);
Timon-David, 1943:29 (France: plage de Fos); Guiglia, 1944a:145 (Cyprus; also
var. diadema Fabr.), 1944b:10 (Italy); Leclercq, 1944:264 (variation
in population levels in Belgium); Arnold, 1945:15 (Madagascar); de Beaumont,
1947b:384 (Cyprus); Guiglia, 1947a:28 (Italy), 1948c:200 (Italy: Sardegna);
de Andrade, 1949:12 (Portugal); Niesiolowski, 1950:225 (Poland: Lubasz 40 km N Tarnów); Scobiola,
1950:18 (Romania); de Beaumont, 1951c:302 (revision), 1951h:32 (Switzerland:
Neuchâtel area); Leclercq, 1951b:67 (yellow body pigments are pterines); Caruel,
1952a:62 (France: Marne Department); Hirschfelder, 1952a (preying behavior);
Cleu, 1953:50 (France: Ardèche River basin); Glowacki,
1953:520 (Poland: Warszawa area: Podkowa Lesna, Choszczówka); Leclercq, 1953a:249
(Belgium: particularly abundant about 1900, but infrequent between
1940 and 1952); Móczár, 1953:309 (Hungary); Bischoff and Stadler, 1954:127
(Germany: Bayern: Romberg); Grandi, 1954:236 (Italy); Aerts, 1955:63 (Germany:
Rheinland; life history); Steiner, 1955:136 (France: Dordogne); Bytinski-Salz,
1956:224 (Turkey); Hirschfelder, 1956:96 (mass outbreak in Franken, Germany
and its control); Leclercq, 1956g:325 (Greece); de Beaumont, 1957b:131 (n.
Iran); Evans, 1957b:84 (discussion of larval characters); Grandi, 1957:387
(Italy); Pulawski, 1958a:165 (Bulgaria; diagnostic characters); Compte Sart,
1959:131 (Spain: Mayorca); de Beaumont, 1959a:11 (Italy); Suárez, 1959:54
(Spain: Almería Province); van der Vecht, 1959a:67 (Sphex xanthocephalus
Forster, 1771, is the oldest name for the species [actually, it is a junior
synonym of Cerceris arenaria]); Wolf, 1959b:31 (Germany: Nassau); de
Beaumont, 1960a:6 (Greece: Rhodes Island); Leclercq, 1960b:130 (massive expansion
in 1930s was followed by regression between 1940 and 1952); de Beaumont, 1961b:273
(Afghanistan), 1961c:45 (Greece: Crete Island), 1961e:3 (Iraq); Grandi, 1961:161
(life history), 477 (larva); Hoop, 1961:66 (Germany: Schleswig-Holstein);
Leclercq, 1961d:102 (Madagascar); van der Vecht, 1961a:61 (study of type);
Leclercq, 1962b:210 (Madagascar); de Beaumont, 1962b:20 (Spain); Erlandsson,
1962:208 (distribution in Scandinavia); Pohl, 1963:14 (an apicultural pest);
Scobiola-Palade, 1963:825 (Romania); Babiy, 1964:117 (Austria: Land Salzburg);
de Beaumont, 1965a:18 (Greece); B. Klug, 1965:138 (Germany: Rheinland); Roberti,
Frilli, and Pizzaghi, 1965:109 (Italy); Piek, 1966a:191-198 (venom); Scobiola-Palade,
1966b:391 (Romania); Balthasar, Hrubant, and Hrubant, 1967:174 (Bulgaria:
Slanchev Bryag near Nessebar); de Beaumont, 1967a:277 (Turkey); Heinrich,
1967:70 (Germany: Niederfranken); Niedl and Dene, 1967:84 (Czechoslovakia);
Scobiola-Palade, 1967a:161 (Romania), 1967b:39 (Romania); Benedek, 1968:71
(Hungary; floral records); Scobiola-Palade, 1968b:141 (Romania), 1968c:382
(Romania); de Beaumont, 1969:81 (Turkey); Benedek, 1969a:83 (Hungary; marshy
meadow); Dathe, 1969:439 (Germany: Berlin); Romanova, 1969:133 (Russia: North
Caucasus); Simon Thomas, 1969b (collection specimens for venom production);
Zangheri, 1969:1700 (Italy); de Beaumont, 1970a:396 (Afghanistan), 1970c:4
(Iran: Khorassan); Benedek, 1970:96 (Hungary: Tapolca); Oehlke, 1970:679 (Democratic
Germany); Dathe, 1971:234 (Germany: Berlin; phenology); Hoop, 1971:83 (Germany:
Schleswig-Holstein); Piek, Mantel, and Engels, 1971:317-331 (venom causing
neuromuscular block); Schmidt, 1971b:24 (Germany: Mainz area); Stritt, 1971:104
(Germany: Karlsruhe); Valetta, 1971:46 (Malta); Vegter, 1971:229 (Netherlands:
Drenthe Province); Zonderwijk, 1971:79 (Netherlands); Atanassov, 1972a:191
(Bulgaria), 1972b:32, 48, 53 (Bulgaria); Balthasar, 1972:381 (Czechoslovakia;
revision); Kazenas, 1972b:123 (Kazakhstan); Myartseva, 1972b:106 (parasite:
Senotainia pygmaea (Rondani)); Scobiola-Palade, 1972a:149 (Romania),
1972b:251 (Romania); Simon Thomas, 1972:176 France); Simon Thomas and Poorter,
1972:141 (male behavior); Simon Thomas and Simon Thomas, 1972:123 (nesting
behavior); Leclercq, 1973d:166 (regression in Belgium following cold winter
of 1942); Simon Thomas and Simon Thomas Heijmans, 1973:64 (Netherlands; life
history); Wolf, 1973:41 (Germany: Siegerländer Hüttensand); Erlandsson, 1974:61
(France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Spain); Simon Thomas, 1974:56 (Netherlands:
Limburg); Simon Thomas and Veenendaal, 1974b:3 (France); Benedek, 1975:257
(Hungary; onion pollination); Lomholdt, 1975c:31 (Denmark); Piek and Nijo,
1975:199-201 (venom causing neuromuscular block in honeybee); Abdul Rassoul,
1976:31 (Iraq); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:566 (listed); Simon Thomas, 1976:3
(France: Lot-et-Garonne); Simon Thomas and Simon Thomas, 1976:1-23 (Egypt:
Dakhla oasis; life history); Georghiou, 1977:191 (Cyprus); Haeseler, 1977a:23
(Federal Germany), 1977b:289-292 (NW Germany); Kolesnikov, 1977:317 (Russian
Federation: Bryansk Oblast'); Cruysbergh, 1978:97 (Netherlands); Erlandsson,
1978b:131-134 (Sweden); Guichard, 1978:270 (Greece); Haeseler, 1978b:63 (Federal
Germany; bog); Kazenas, 1978b:46 (in key to Sphecidae of Kazakhstan and Central
Asia); Leclercq, 1978b:map 1193 (distribution in Belgium); Marion, 1978:86
(France: Nièvre Department); Petit, 1978:86 (Belgium); Simon Thomas and Simon
Thomas, 1978:450-456 (life history); Simon Thomas and Veenendaal, 1978:3-8
(underground activity); Schwammberger, 1978:416 (Germany: Württemberg); Lefeber,
1979:33 (Netherlands: distribution); May and Piek, 1979:685 (venom causes
neuromuscular block in locust skeletal muscle); Richards, 1979:402 (British
Channel Islands); Schmidt, 1979a:54 (Germany: Ost-Holstein), 1979b:298 (Federal
Germany); Schwammberger, 1979:114 (Germany: Nordrhein-Westfalen: Gildehauser
Venn Nature Reserve); Borg-Karlson and Tengö, 1980:828 (pyrazines as marking
volatiles); Casolari and Casolari Moreno, 1980:122 (specimens in M. Spinola
collection); Pagliano, 1980:124 (Italy: Piemonte, Sicilia); Piek, Mantel,
and Jas, 1980:345 (venom causes ion-channel block in insect muscle fibre membrane);
Wollin, 1980:107 (Sweden); Gess, 1981:21 (South Africa: 18 km WNW Grahamstown;
nesting in clayey friable soils); Heath and Leclercq, 1981: map 17 (distribution
in Europe); Józan, 1981:304 (Hungary: Hortobágy National Park); Woydak, 1981:39
(Germany: Westfalen: Hamm); Clark, Donaldson, Gration, Lambert, Piek, Ramsey,
Spanjer, and Userwood, 1992:105 (block of locust muscle glutamate receptors
by d-philanthotoxin); Donath, 1982:212 (Germany:
Cottbus Bezirk); Dunbar and Piek, 1982:79-84 (action of venom on insect visceral
muscle); Gayubo, 1982e:109 (Spain: Cadiz Province); Leclercq, 1982a:125 (Belgium:
Li?ge); Piek, 1982:311 (effects and components of venom); Piek, Spanjer, Veldsema-Currie,
van Groen, de Haan, and Mantel, 1982:159-164 (effect of venom on cockroach
abdominal ganglia); van Marle, Piek, Lind, and van Weeren-Kramer, 1982:343
(venom reducing glutamate uptake in nerve endings of locusts muscles); Dollfuss,
1983b:24 (Austria); Gayubo, 1983e:236 (Spain: Salamanca Province); Piek, Buitenhuis,
Veldsema-Currie, and Mantel, 1983:153-159 (venom contains acetylcholine, but
no histamine); Riemann, 1983:83 (Germany: Bremen-Daverden area); Schmidt and
Westrich, 1983:125 (Greece); Burger, de Goffau, and Ulenberg, 1984:147 (Netherlands);
Chevin and Silvestre de Sacy, 1984:10 (France: Yvelines Department); Gayubo,
1984c:382 (Portugal: El Algarve Province); Gayubo and Tormos, 1984:23 (Spain:
Valencia); Haack, Tscharntke, and Vidal, 1984:132 (Germany: Hamburg area);
Janzon and Svensson, 1984:183 (Sweden: Öland Island); Piek, Hue, Pelhate,
David, Spanjer, and Veldsema-Currie, 1984:297-306 (philanthotoxin blocking
postsynaptic membrane); Schmidt and Westrich, 1984:240 (Federal Germany: Rheinland-Pfalz:
Bad Münster); Archer, 1985b:156 (Britain: Suffolk); Chevin and Chevin, 1985:39
(France: Aude); de Man, 1985:23 (Netherlands); Gayubo, 1985a:489 (prey: Apis
mellifera Linnaeus); Eiroa and Novoa, 1985:23 (Spain: Pontevedra: Barra
beach near Cangas); Haeseler, 1985c:571 (Federal Germany: Friesian Islands);
Józan, 1985b:62 (Hungary S Lake Balaton), 82 (floral records), 85 (ecological
and zoogeographic characteristics); Koster, 1985:75 (Netherlands: common along
railways); Lefeber, 1985:87 (Netherlands: southern Limburg); Nilsson, 1985:43
(Sweden); Scobiola-Palade, 1985:95 (Romania: delta of Danube); Gayubo, 1986a:66
(Spain: Ciudad Real Province), 1986b:41 (Spain: Andalucía), 1986d:122 (Spain:
Zamora Province), 1986f:1002 (prey); Gayubo and Sanza, 1986:84 (Spain: Burgos,
Soria); Gayubo and Tormos, 1986a:19 (Spain: Castellón de la Plana); Islamov,
1986:518 (Uzbekistan: Tashkent Oblast); Józan, 1986:374 (Hungary: Kiskunság
National Park); Piek, 1986b:190 (morphological and physiological differences
between triangulum triangulum and triangulum abdelcader);
Piek and Mantel, 1986:433 (differences in venom between Dutch and Egyptian
populations); Pagliano, 1987:159 (Italy, in key); Scobiola-Palade, 1987:65
(Romania: Dobrogea); Schmidt and Westrich, 1987: (Federal Germany: Mainz area);
Tormos and Jiménez, 1987a:127 (Spain: Valencia Province), 1987b:317 (Spain:
Valencia Province: Dehesa de El Saler); Veenendaal, 1987:169 (parasite: Hedychrum
rutilans Dahlbom); Asís and Jiménez, 1988:276 (Spain: Castellón Province);
Chevin, 1988:16 (France: La Manche Department); Dollfuss, 1988:19, 30 (Austria:
Bisamberg near Vienna; Niederösterreich: Oberweiden); Karsai, 1988:101 (Hungary:
Kiskunság National Park); Kowalczyk, 1988a:45 (Poland: Rogów) Kowalczyk, 1988b:64
(Poland: environs of Lódz); Pagliano, 1988:138
(Italy, revision); Pulawski, 1988:34 (petition to ICZN to preserve
the name); Riemann, 1988:223 (Germany: Bremen area); Wolf, 1988:143 (Germany:
Rheinland-Westfalen); Archer, 1989b:232 (Great Britain: Suffolk); Borsato,
1989:201 (Italy: Lombardia: Busatello marsh); Hamon, 1989:45 (support of petition
to ICZN to preserve the name); Jacobs, 1989:28 (Germany: Mecklenburg-Vorpommern);
Józan, 1989:102 (Hungary: Tihany Natural Reserve); Lomholdt, 1989:45 (support
of petition to ICZN to preserve the name); Pádr in Sedivy, 1989a:166
(in checklist of Czechoslovakian Sphecidae); Scobiola-Palade, 1989:87 (Romania:
delta of Danube); Weiffenbach, 1989:107 (Germany: Hessen: Gießen area); Barbier,
Rasmont, and Wahis, 1990:32 (Belgium: Hainaut); Gayubo, Asís, and Tormos,
1990b:80 (Spain); Jacobs and Oehlke, 1990:215 (new records from Democratic
Germany); Schmidt, McDaniel, and Simon Thomas, 1990:2135 (chemistry of male
mandibular gland secretions); Kowalczyk, 1990:290 (Poland: Góry Swietokrzyskie);
Pagliano, 1990:95 (in catalog of Italian Sphecidae); Riemann and Melber, 1990:120
(Calluna-meadows); Rohe, 1990:1049 (Germany: Rheinland-Pfalz:
Lenneberg forest); Schwammberger and Priesner, 1990:553 (Austria: Kärtnen);
Day, 1991:xviii (summary of European Endangered Hymenoptera Lists); Archer,
1991a:34 (Great Britain: Isle of Wight); Gayubo, 1991a:127 (characteristics
of the species); Gayubo, Borsato, and Osella, 1991:419 (Italy); Gayubo and
Torres, 1991:Table I and p. 81 (Spain: Salamanca; effects of urban pressure);
Guichard, 1991a:338 (Jordan); Jacobs, 1991:46 (Germany: Mecklenburg-Vorpommern:
Nature Reserve Elbtaldünen); Jakubzik, 1991:74 (Germany: Köln); Józan, 1991:605
(Hungary: Bátorliget Nature Reserve); Karst and Piek, 1991:479 (action of
philanthotoxins); Karst, Piek, Van Marle, Lind, and Weeren-Kramer, 1991:471
(action of philanthotoxins); Kuhlmann et al., 1991:92 (Germany: Senne Region);
Negrisolo, 1991:323 (Italy: Gorizia, Trieste, and Venezia Provinces); Schembri,
1991:177 (Malta); Benson, Schürmann, Kaufmann, Gsell, and Piek, 1992:267 (action
of philanthotoxins); H.-J.Schulz, 1991:30 (Germany: Oberlausitz: 5 km SW Wittichenau);
Gayubo, Borsato, and Osella, 1992:290 (Greece, Spain); Gunnardo, 1992:59 (Sweden:
Varmländ); Haeseler, 1992:354 (possibly not native on Frisean Islands); Józan,
1992a:230 (Hungary: Béda-Karapancsa Protected Area); Archer, 1993:46 (Great
Britain: Channel Islands); Else, 1993a:163 (southern England); Gorobchishin,
1993:47 (Ukraine: Kanev Nature Reserve); Kuhlmann, 1993:76 (Germany: known
from Westfalen); Luchetti, 1993:105 (Italy: Sardegna: Maddalena archipelago);
Schuberth and Schönitzer, 1993:264 (facial fovea not found); Torregrosa, Gayubo,
Tormos, and Asís, 1993:20 (Spain: Alicante Province); Archer, 1994b:104 (British
Channel Islands); Blagoveshchenskaya, 1994:91 (Russia: Ul'yanovsk Oblast');
Gayubo and Borsato, 1994:219 (Italy: Valle d'Aosta, Liguria, Veneto, Toscana,
Sardegna); Gess and Gess, 1994:100 (visiting flowers of Aspalathus linearis);
Guichard, 1994a:209 (Arabian Peninsula); Schmid-Egger, 1994a:688 (Germany:
Rheinland-Pfalz: Höllenberg near Grünstadt); Tormos, Asís, and Gayubo, 1994:190,
225 (Spain: Albacete Province); Baumgarten, 1995:35 (parasite: Hedychrum
rutilans, a chrysidid); Else, 1995a:24 (records from southern England
for 1993), 1995b:205 (records from southern England for 1994); Józan, 1995:105
(Hungary: projected Duna-Dráva National Park); Krasnobayev et al., 1995:139
(Russia: Zhiguli Hills NW Samara); Negrisolo, 1995:18 (visiting flowers of
Eryngium maritimum L.), 19 (visiting flowers of Echinophora spinosa
L.), 22 (Italy: Veneto); Pagliano and Pesarini, 1995:92 (Italy: Ferrara Province);
Schmid-Egger, Risch, and Niehuis, 1995:187 (color photograph), 205 (summary
of records from Germany: Rheinland-Pfalz Province); Archer, 1996a:59 (Great
Britain: Channel Islands); S. Gess, 1996:269, 294 (floral records); Harvey
and Plant, 1996:81 (Great Britain: summary of records from Essex); Jakubzik,
1996:253 (Germany: Köln); Jakubzik and Cölln, 1996b:400 (Germany: Rheinland-Pfalz);
Pawlikowski and Kruszynski, 1996:87 (Poland: Torun Basin); Schmid-Egger, Schmidt,
and Doczkal, 1996:378 (Germany: Baden-Württemberg: not endangered);
Voblenko, Gorobchishin, and Nesterov, 1996:15 (Ukraine: Polesye Region); Minoranskiy
and Shkuratov, 1996:81 (Russia: Rostov Oblast'); Witt, 1996:106 (Germany:
Brandenburg); Woydak, 1996:98 (Germany: Westfalen: summary of distribution
and life history); Wu and Zhou, 1996:162 (revision in Economic Insect Fauna
of China); Bitsch, Barbier, Gayubo, Schmidt, and Ohl, 1997:292 (in Sphecid
Fauna of Western Europe); Hansen, 1997:189 (southeastern Norway, first country
records); Madl, 1997:821 (Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island), 822 (in checklist
of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae); Schmidt and Schmid-Egger, 1997:26 (in checklist
of German Sphecidae); Strohm and Linsenmair, 1997a:423 (more sons are produced
when prey is restricted), 1997b:23 (minimum prey number to produce a daughter
is three; smaller females produce more sons); Dollfuss, Gusenleitner, and
Bregant, 1998:525 (Austria: summary of collecting records from Burgenland);
Drewes, 1998:49 (Germany: Niedersachsen: Goldbeck 26 km WSW Hamburg); Jakubzik,
Schlüter, and Cölln, 1998:1182, 1184 (Germany: Rheinland-Pfalz); Strohm and
Linsenmair, 1998:330 (females produce more sons than daughters, regardless
of weather conditions); Herrmann, 1999:7 (Germany: Niedersachsen: Oldenburg
area; habitats size); Pauly, 1999:111 (in catalog of Belgian aculeates); Zehnder
and Zettel, 1999:131 (Switzerland: recolonization of flooded area in Valais
Canton).
(as Allionii , incorrect original capitalization). Holotype or syntypes:
,
Prussia (depository?). Synonymized with Philanthus triangulum by Kohl,
1891:366 (or an earlier author?). Dalla Torre, 1897:492 (in catalog
of world Sphecidae, as allwini); de Beaumont, 1953h:197 (type material
not represented in Dahlbom's collection in Lund).
,
(as Abdelcader, incorrect original
capitalization). Syntypes: Algeria: Oran (MNHN?). Lucas, 1849:257 (Algeria;
as Abdelkader), 1880:CXXXVII (Egypt: Ramlé near Alexandria); Girard,
1881:CXXVIII (Algeria: Palestro; pest of honeybee); Kohl, 1891:366 (as synonym
of Philanthus triangulum); Roth, 1917:63 (nesting behavior, as abdelkader);
Lhéritier, 1946:28 (Morocco: Marrakech; life history; as Abd-el-Kader);
Bradley, 1957:49 (Lepeletier's specimens in Turin); Casolari and Casolari
Moreno, 1980:122 (specimens in M. Spinola collection, as abdel-kader).
As Trachypus abdel-kader: Casolari and Casolari Moreno,
1980:122 (specimens in M. Spinola collection). As Philanthus
diadema var. abdelkader: Gribodo, 1880:400 (Tunisia); A. Costa,
1893b:8 (Tunisia); von Schulthess in Friederichs, 1918:48 (Madagascar:
Antananarivo). As Philanthus triangulum f. abdelkader:
Balthasar, 1954b:279 (Palestine: Jerusalem and Jericho); As Philanthus
triangulum abdelcader: Mochi, 1939a:90 (Egypt; as Philanthus
triangulum var. Abdelkader); de Beaumont, 1949b:180 (North Africa;
revision), 1950f:396 (Algeria, Morocco), 1953g:118 (Morocco), 1956a:183 (Libya);
Guiglia, 1957:144 (Italy: Isole Pelagie); de Beaumont and Bytinski-Salz, 1959:141
(Israel); de Beaumont, 1960b:229 (Libya), 1966:211 (Egypt: Abukir); Krombein,
1969a:8 (preying on honeybee in Egypt); Myartseva, 1972a:91 (Turkmenistan);
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:566 (listed); Guichard, 1980:230; Pagliano and Scaramozzino,
1995:730 (Italy: Island of Lampedusa).
(as bimaculatum, incorrect original termination). Syntypes: Kenya:
Nairobi and Lumbwa (MNHN). As Philanthus triangulum bimaculatus:
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:566 (listed).
.
Holotype or syntypes:
,
Mozambique: no specific locality (ZMHU). Kohl, 1891:364 (listed);
.
Objective synonym of Philanthus frontalis Gerstaecker, 1858.
. Holotype or syntypes:
, South Africa: Transvaal: no specific locality
(TMP). Synonymized with Philanthus triangulum diadema by Brauns, 1917:241.
(as argentatus, incorrect original termination). Holotype or syntypes:
,
Mauritius: no specific locality (OXUM?). F. Smith, 1856:314 (listed);
R. Turner, 1916g:594 (in key), 619 (revision); Casolari and Casolari Moreno,
1980:114 (specimens in M. Spinola collection); D. Baker, 1998:173 (type
origin and depository). As Pison argentatum: Kohl, 1885a:186
(listed); de Saussure, 1892:528 (Madagascar, redescription); Bingham, 1897:220
(redescription); R. Turner, 1911b:371 (Seychelles Islands); Bordage, 1912:32
(Isle of Réunion: life history, occasional cleptoparasitism using nests of
Sceliphron hemipterum, now fuscum); Kohl in Bordage,
1912:86 (description of
); R. Perkins, 1912:727 (introduced into
Hawaiii); Maidl, 1924:234 (Sudan: Atbara), 1925a:390 (Indonesia: Sumatra);
F. Williams, 1927:438 (makes little cells of mud); Swezey, 1942:185 (Guam,
life history); Arnold, 1945:3 (Madagascar; in key); Krombein, 1949b:384 (in
key to Sphecidae of Micronesia), 403 (diagnostic characters; Mariana and Caroline
Islands), 1950b:139 (additional Micronesian localities); Vesey-Fitzgerald,
1956b:362 (Seychelles); Evans, 1957b:98 (larva); Yoshimoto, 1960:334 (Hawaiian
Islands); Tsuneki, 1963c:11 (Thailand); Iwata, 1964b:374 (nesting behavior
in Thailand); Yoshimoto, 1965:291 (nesting); Tsuneki, 1974b:636 (Thailand);
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:335 (listed); Tsuneki, 1983a:89 (Philippines;
taxonomic comments), 102 (in key); Madl, Matyot, and Schödl, 1996:832 (Seychelles
Islands). As Pisonitus argentatus: F. Smith:1869a:298
(new combination, in checklist of Pisonitus).
.
Holotype or syntypes: Singapore (BMNH). Synonymized with Pison argentatum
by R. Turner, 1916g:619.
.
Holotype:
,
Philippines: Bacoor (USNM). Synonymized with Pison argentatum by R.
Turner, 1916g:619. Ashmead, 1904d:150 (Philippines).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN).
Leclercq, 1960a:99 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:336 (listed).
.
Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:336
(listed).
. Holotype:
, Madagascar: Perinet (MNHN). R. Bohart
and Menke, 1976:336 (listed; misspelled minicum); Madl, 1997:820 (Madagascar:
Nosy Boraha Island, as mimicus), 821 (in checklist of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae,
as mimicus).
,
(as Seyrigi, incorrect original spelling).
Syntypes: Madagascar: Ivondro (MNHN). R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:336
(listed); Madl, 1997:820 (Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island), 821 (in checklist
of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Imerina (ZMHU or
SIF). As Sphex tydei race madecassa: Arnold,
1945:87 (Madagascar; new status); Leclercq, 1961d:106 (Madagascar, as var.
madecassa). As Podalonia canescens madecassa:
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:144 (new combination, listed).
.
Holotype:
,
Madagascar: Bezanozano Province: Anosibé (MHNG). R. Bohart and
Menke, 1976:185 (listed). As Passaloecus macilentus:
W. Schulz, 1911b:142 (new combination, redescription); Arnold, 1945:151 (Madagascar;
revision); Leclercq, 1959a:50 (in key).
, India: Tamil Nadu: Tranquebar (ZMK). Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau,
1845:334 (revision); F. Smith, 1856:252 (listed, probably a Brazilian species);
Taschenberg, 1869:411 (redescription based on specimens from Brazil); nec
Kohl, 1885b:198; Ed. André, 1888:150 (in revision of Sphecidae of Europe and
Algeria), 9* (bibliographic references); Cameron, 1889c:108 (listed), 112
(records from South America refer to a different species; specimens described
by Kohl, 1885b:198, are luteipennis); Kohl, 1889a:26 (specimens treated
under this name by André, 1888, are several species); Kohl, 1890:408 (as a
variety of Sphex argentatus which = Sphex diabolicus); Casolari
and Casolari Moreno, 1980:102 (specimens in M. Spinola collection).
As Sphex umbrosus var. rufipennis: Ashmead, 1904d:150
(Philippines).
,
Egypt: no specific locality (Torino), designated by Menke in Bohart
and Menke, 1976:133. Taschenberg, 1869:412 (redescription, as aegyptica);
Kohl, 1885b:181 (in revision of Palearctic Sphex); Ed. André, 1888:148
(in revision of Sphecidae of Europe and Algeria), 9* (bibliographic references);
Cameron, 1889c:106 (listed); Kohl, 1889a:25 (comparison with Sphex subfuscatus);
de Saussure, 1892:424 (Madagascar and Mauritius, redescription); Kohl, 1883e:183
(Tanzania: Bagamoyo); Bingham, 1897:245 (redescription); Kohl, 1906a:197 (Yemen:
Aden), 1909:370 (Comoros); R. Turner, 1911b:370 (Seychelles Islands); Maidl,
1913:560 (Egypt: Helwan); Strand, 1916b:102 (German East Africa); Maidl, 1924:246
(Sudan: Bara, Gullfan); Berland, 1926c:200 (miscellaneous locality records);
von Schulthess, 1927:299 (Iran: Bushehr); Schouteden, 1930:95 (Zaire); Gussakovskij,
1933b:278 (Iran); Giordani Soika, 1939c:105 (Eritrea: Asmara, as aegyptium);
Berland, 1956:1169 (in revision of African Sphecini); Bradley, 1957:40 (Lepeletier's
specimens in Turin); Georghiou, 1977:191 (Cyprus); Casolari and Casolari Moreno,
1980:103 (specimens in M. Spinola collection; as aegyptia).
As Priononyx aegyptia: F. Smith, 1856:266 (new combination,
listed). As Chlorion aegyptium: Arnold, 1928c:359 (revision);
Scott in Arnold, 1933a:370 (Ethiopia); Arnold, 1935b:1 and 8 (Mauritania:
Nema).
.
Holotype or syntypes:
,
India: Madras (BMNH). Synonymized with Sphex aegyptius Lepeletier by
Kohl, 1885b:181, and with Sphex rufipennis Fabricius by van der Vecht,
1961a:34. Magretti, 1883:249 (E Africa), 1884b:582 (Ethiopia: Metemma).
As Sphex crudelis: de Beaumont, 1949a:137 (Sphex crudelis,
and not soror, is the correct name for aegyptius Lepeletier,
nec Linnaeus), 1950d:7 (Egypt: Siwa oasis); Leclercq, 1955h:25 (bibliographic
references, faunal records from Africa); de Beaumont, 1960a:5 (Greece: Rhodes
Island), 1961e:2 (Iraq); Leclercq, 1961d:108 (Madagascar); de Beaumont, 1962c:221
(Arabia: Riyadh); Diniz, 1964b:237 (Guinea Bissau, redescription); de Beaumont,
1966:211 (Egypt: Abukir), 1967a:273 (Turkey), 1968b:149 (member of subfuscatus
species group); Guiglia, 1968:164 (Yemen); de Beaumont, 1970c:4 (Iran: Khorassan);
Erlandsson, 1974:58 (Greece); Kazenas, 1978b:41 (in key to Sphecidae of Kazakhstan
and Central Asia). As Prionyx crudelis: Myartseva, 1972a:84
(Turkmenistan); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:133 (listed); Guichard, 1988a:121
(Arabian Peninsula); Jha and Farooqi, 1994:11 (description and illustration
of male genitalia).
. Holotype or syntypes:
, Ethiopia: no specific locality (Kraków).
Synonymized with Sphex aegyptius by Ed. André, 1888:*9.
. Holotype:
,
Madagascar: no specific locality (FSAG). van Lith, 1974a:96 (probable
member of subgenus Psen), 98 (listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:629
(listed).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily, Ranomafana,
Ivondro (MNHN). Leclercq, 1961a:15 (listed), 1961d:117 (Madagascar);
van Lith, 1974a:56 (supplementary descripiton), 97 (probably member of subgenus
Punctipsen), 98 (listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:166 (listed).
As Pseneo madecassus: Budrys, 1988:109 (new combination).
.
Syntypes: Madagascar: Ivondro, Perinet, Ranomafana, Rogez (MNHN). Leclercq,
1961a:30 (Madagascar: Analandraraka, Mandaraka). As Psenulus
alboscutellatus: R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:172 (listed).
.
Holotype or syntypes:
, Madagascar: Imerina Province: no specific locality (MHNG). As
Psenulus dilectus: W. Schulz, 1911b:141 (new combination, redescription);
Arnold, 1945:154 (Madagascar; redescription); Leclercq, 1961a:30 (listed),
1961d:117 (Madagascar); van Lith, 1974a:8 (diagnostic characters), 98 (member
of capensis species group), 99 (listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:172
(listed).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Behara, Bekily, Ranomafana
(MNHN). Arnold, 1945:154 (in key); Leclercq, 1961a:30 (listed, Madagascar:
Fort-Dauphin); van Lith, 1974a:69 (comparison with Psenulus reticulosus),
99 (listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:152 (listed).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Perinet, Rogez (MNHN).
Arnold, 1945:154 (in key); Leclercq, 1961a:30 (listed, Madagascar:
Mandaraka), 1961d:117 (Madagascar); van Lith, 1974a:70 (supplementary description),
97 (closely related to Psenulus sapobaensis), 99 (listed); R. Bohart
and Menke, 1976:173 (listed).
,
(as Ranosahae, incorrect original
capitalization). Syntypes: Madagascar: Ambositra, Ivondro, Rogez (MNHN).
Leclercq, 1960a:100 (Madagascar), 1961d:102 (Madagascar). As Pseudoplisus
ranosahae: R. Bohart in Bohart and Menke, 1976:503 (new combination);
Leclercq, 1990b:119 (Madagascar); Callan, 1991d:1612 (life history).
,
. Syntypes: South Africa: Cape Province:
Mossel Bay (BMNH). As Crabro ichneumoniformis: Arnold,
1945:169 (Madagascar). As Rhopalum ichneumoniforme:
Leclercq, 1954c:185 (new combination, listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:389
(listed).
, "Isle de France" (MNHN, coll.
Bosc), designated by van der Vecht, 1961a:43 (use of word "type").
As Pelopaeus hemipterus: Fabricius, 1804:204 (new combination,
redescription); Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845:311 (revision, recorded
from France); F. Smith, 1856:229 (listed); Casolari and Casolari Moreno, 1980:101
(specimens in M. Spinola collection). As Sceliphron hemipterum:
de Saussure, 1892:440 (Madagascar); Pérez, 1895b:210 (Seychelles Islands);
Cameron, 1907e:75 (Seychelles Islands; redescritpion); Kohl, 1909:371 (Madagascar);
Turner, 1911b:369 (Seychelles Islands); Bordage, 1912:45 (Réunion Island:
use of provisioned nests by Pison argentatum), 68 (Réunion Island:
life history); R. Turner, 1919b:238 (New Caledonia); Kohl, 1918:108 (revision);
Friederichs, 1918:30 (life history); von Schulthess in Friederichs,
1918:48 (Madagascar: Antananarivo, Diego Suarez); Arnold, 1945:86 (Madagascar);
Vesey-Fitzgerald, 1950:75 (Seychelles Islands; nesting behavior); Leclercq,
1953b:211 (Madagascar); Vesey-Fitzgerald, 1956b:362 (Seychelles); Leclercq,
1961d:106 (Madagascar); van der Vecht and van Breugel, 1968:237 (revision),
254 (hemipterum is invalid junior homonym).
,
.
Syntypes: New Caledonia: no specific locality (MNHN). Synonymized with Sceliphron
hemipterum by van der Vecht and van Breugel, 1968:237. Vachal,
1908:23 (New Caledonia); Kohl, 1918:138 (original description copied).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN).
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:313 (listed); Lomholdt, 1985:54 (revision); Leclercq,
1990b:117 (Madagascar); Hancock, Chahwanda, and Mhlanga, 1995:39 (paratypes
in Bulawayo Museum).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN).
Leclercq, 1960a:98 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:313 (listed); Lomholdt,
1985:56 (revision); Hancock, Chahwanda, and Mhlanga, 1995:39 (paratypes in
Bulawayo Museum).
(as Grandidieri, incorrect original capitalization). Holotype or syntypes:
, Madagascar: no specific locality (MNHN). de Saussure, 1892:463 (Madagascar).
As Sphecius grandidieri: Handlirsch, 1895:958 (new combination;
redescription); Kohl, 1909:373 (Madagascar: Toliara); Arnold, 1945:67 (Madagascar;
redescription); Evans, 1966d:111 (synopsis of known behavior); R. Bohart and
Menke, 1976:511 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:119 (Madagascar).
(as Freyi, incorrect original capitalization) (possibly 1892). Syntypes:
,
Madagascar: Nosibé (NHMW). Synonymized with Sphecius grandidieri by
de Saussure, 1892:463.
(as Voeltzkowii, incorrect original capitalization). Syntypes: Madagascar:
Tamatave, now Toamasina (ZMHU or SIF). As Chlorion umbrosum
var. Voeltzkowi: Arnold, 1945:89 (Madagascar; redescription).
As Sphex umbrosus voeltzkowi: Leclercq, 1961d:108 (Madagascar).
As Sphex fumicatus voeltzkowii: R. Bohart and Menke,
1976:115 (listed).
. Holotype:
,
illustrated specimen, Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG). Berland,
1927:153 (Madagascar); Leclercq, 1953b:211 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and
Menke, 1976:115 (listed).
,
. Objective synonym of Sphex malagassus
de Saussure, 1890 .
,
. Objective synonym of Sphex malagassus
de Saussure, 1890. Leclercq, 1961d:108 (Madagascar); Madl, 1997:820
(Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island), 821 (in checklist of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae).
As Chlorion malagassum: Arnold, 1945:89 (new combination,
Madagascar, redescription).
(as torrida, incorrect original termination). Syntypes:
, Madagascar: no specific locality (BMNH). de Saussure, 1892:426 (Madagascar,
redescription); Kohl, 1909:370 (Comoros, Madagascar, Mozambique Channel);
Turner, 1911b:369 (Seychelles Islands); von Schulthess in Friederichs,
1918:48 (Madagascar: Antananarivo); Berland, 1927:153 (Madagascar); Leclercq,
1953b:211 (Madagascar); Vesey-Fitzgerald, 1956b:362 (Seychelles); Leclercq,
1961d:108 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:117 (listed); Madl, 1997:820
(Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island), 821 (in checklist of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae).
As Chlorion torridum: Arnold, 1945:90 (Madagascar; redescription).
,
(as Seyrigi, incorrect original capitalization).
Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). Leclercq, 1959a:33 (in key), 34
(Madagascar: Ankaratra); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:193 (listed); Leclercq,
1990b:120 (Madagascar).
.
Holotype or syntypes: Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG). Handlirsch,
1892:106 (revision), 1895:188 (redescription); Dalla Torre, 1897:523 (listed);
Arnold, 1945:77 (Madagascar; revision). As Stizolarra cyanipennis:
de Saussure, 1892:470 (Madagascar, redescription). As Stizoides
cyanipennis: Leclercq, 1961d:103 (Madagascar, new combination); Gillaspy,
1963a:378 (listed, in subgenus Stizoides s.s.); R. Bohart and Menke,
1976:528 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:119 (Madagascar; specimen in MNHN erroneously
regarded as holotype agrees with Arnold's 1945 redescription); Ohl, 1999a:88
(in revision of the genus).
,
(as Berlandi, incorrect original
capitalization). Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily, Ranomafana (MNHN). R.
Bohart and Menke, 1976:526 (listed); Hancock, Chahwanda, and Mhlanga, 1995:39
(syntype in Bulawayo Museum).
.
Holotype:
,
Madagascar: Ambositra (MNHN). R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:272 (listed).
.
Holotype:
,
Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:272 (listed).
,
. Syntypes: Zimbabwe: Sawmills and Plumtree
(SAM). Arnold, 1930:3 (listed), 1945:97 (Madagascar), 1951:155 (Ethiopia:
River Hawash); Leclercq, 1960a:98 (Madagascar), 1961d:109 (Madagascar); R.
Bohart and Menke, 1976:273 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:117 (Madagascar: Tamatave);
Hancock, Chahwanda, and Mhlanga, 1995:40 (syntypes in Bulawayo Museum); Madl,
1997:821 (in checklist of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily, Ranomafana
(MNHN). R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:273 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:117
(Madagascar: Bekily).
, secondary homonym of Tachysphex dimidiatus
(Panzer, 1809). Holotype:
, Madagascar: Bezanozano: Anosibé (MHNG).
Leclercq, 1960a:98 (Madagascar), 1961d:111 (Madagascar).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Behara, Bekily (MNHN).
Tentatively synonymized with Tachysphex dimidiatus de Saussure by Menke
in Bohart and Menke, 1976:273. Leclercq, 1960:198 (Madagascar).
As Tachysphex excisus: Menke in Bohart and Menke,
1976:273 (new status); Leclercq, 1990b:117 (Madagascar: Ihosy, Tamatave, Tsimbazaza).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN).
Leclercq, 1960a:98 (Madagascar), 1961d:111 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke,
1976:274 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:117 (Madagascar: Bekily, Fampanambo).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Antanimora, Bekily
(MNHN). R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:274 (listed).
,
. Syntypes:
,
Madagascar: Bezanozano Province: Anosibé, and Imerina Province: no specific
locality (MHNG). R. Turner, 1911b:370 (Seychelles Islands); Arnold,
1945:102 (redescription); 1960a:98 (Madagascar, comparison with Tachysphex
perniger), Leclercq, 1961d:111 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:274
(listed); Leclercq, 1990b:118 (Madagascar: faunal records).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Antsirabe (MNHN).
Leclercq, 1960a:98 (comparison with Tachysphex micromegas),
99 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:275 (listed).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily, Ihosy (MNHN).
Leclercq, 1961d:110 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:276 (listed).
. Holotype:
, Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). Leclercq,
1960a:98 (Madagascar: Bekily). As Tachysphex fluctuatus flavofimbriatus:
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:276. (listed).
. Holotype:
, Madagascar: Ranomafana (MHNB). R.
Bohart and Menke, 1976:276 (listed).
,
(as Seyrigi, incorrect original capitalization).
Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). Leclercq, 1960a:99 (Madagascar),
1961d:110 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:276 (listed); Leclercq,
1990b:118 (Madagascar: Bekily).
.
Holotype:
,
Zimbabwe: Bulawayo (SAM). Arnold, 1930:3 (listed), 1945:97 (Madagascar);
Leclercq, 1961d:109 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:277 (listed);
Leclercq, 1990b:118 (Madagascar: Fort Dauphin).
. Holotype:
, Madagascar: Ranomafana (MNHN). Leclercq,
1961d:109 (description of
;
Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:277 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:118 (Madagascar:
Nosy-Komba).
,
.
Holotype:
, Madagascar: Toamasina: Foulpointe, now
Mahavelona (MHNB). R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:277 (listed).
.
Holotype:
, Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:277 (listed).
. Holotype or syntypes:
,
Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG). de Saussure, 1892:476 (Madagascar,
redescription); Kohl, 1909:372 (Madagascar: Imerina, Toamasina, Toliara);
von Schulthess in Friederichs, 1918:47 (Madagascar: Antananarivo);
Arnold, 1945:108 (Madagascar; revision); Leclercq, 1960a:99 (Madagascar),
1961d:111 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:263 (listed); Leclercq,
1990b:118 (Madagascar).
,
(as copiosa, incorrect original termination).
Syntypes: Madagascar: Behara (MNHN). R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:264
(listed).
,
(as flavocinerea, incorrect original
termination). Syntypes: Madagascar: Antanimora, Bekily, and Ivondro (MNHN).
Leclercq, 1961d:112 (Madagascar). As Tachytes flavocinereus:
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:265 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:118 (Madagascar).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Behara, Bekily (MNHN).
Leclercq, 1960a:99 (Madagascar), 1961d:111 (Madagascar); R. Bohart
and Menke, 1976:265 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:118 (Madagascar); Madl, 1997:820
(Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island), 821 (in checklist of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae).
.
Holotype or syntypes:
,
Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG). Arnold, 1945:109 (no specimens
studied); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:266 (listed).
.
Objective synonym of Tachytes oviventris de Saussure, 1891.
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Antanimora, Bekily
(MNHN). R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:266 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:118
(Madagascar).
,
(as rufomarginata, incorrect original termination). Syntypes: Madagascar:
Bekily (MNHN). As Tachytes rufomarginatus: R. Bohart
and Menke, 1976:266 (listed).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Ranomafana (MNHN).
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:345 (listed); Tsuneki, 1981d:83 (Madagascar;
additional description); Madl, 1997:820 (Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island),
821 (in checklist of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae).
.
Holotype or syntypes:
,
Mauritius Island or Brazil: no specific locality, actually Mauritius (NHMW
or MHNG). de Saussure, 1892:527 (Mauritius Island, redescription);
R. Turner, 1911b:372 (Seychelles Islands); Bordage, 1912:58 (Isle of Réunion,
life history); von Schulthess in Friederichs, 1918:48 (Madagascar:
Diego Suarez); Richards, 1934:338 (member of scutatum species group),
344 (life history summary); Arnold, 1945:7 (in key); Vesey-Fitzgerald, 1956b:362
(Seychelles); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:346 (listed); Tsuneki, 1978b:79 and
81 (in key), 1979a:13, 15, 17 (in key), 114 (Mauritius Island, Rodrigues Island,
Seychelles, Sri Lanka, India, Nepal, Burma, Thailand, Cambodia, Malaya), 1979b:5
(in key), 20 (Sri Lanka), 1979c:5, 9 (in key), 28 (Indonesia: Java, Sumatra,
Sumba), 1980a:11 (in key), 87 (Sulawesi), 1980b:11, 12 (in key), 115 (Philippines),
1981a:6 (in key), 45 (Guam, Hawaii; additional description), 1981c:8, 9 (in
key), 42 (Taiwan; additional description), 1981d:17 (Sri Lanka), 29 (India,
Singapore, Thailand), 49 (Burma), 78 (Hong Kong), 85 (Tanzania: Zanzibar;
additional description), 20, 62 (in key), 1981e:4, 6-8 (in key), 59 (Japan;
additional description), 1981f:56 (member of errans species group);
Madl, Matyot, and Schödl, 1996:833 (Seychelles Islands); Wu and Zhou, 1996:103
(revision in Economic Insect Fauna of China).
.
Lectotype:
,
India: North-West Provinces, now Uttar Pradesh: Mainpuri (BMNH), designated
with Trypoxylon errans by Tsuneki, 1978b:28. Synonymized with Trypoxylon
errans by Tsuneki, 1978b:28. Kohl, 1885a:205 (listed); Cameron,
1889c:119 (listed) and 123 (diagnostic characters); Bingham, 1896a:441 (references),
1897:224 (redescription); Green, 1903:68 (nesting in all available holes);
Paiva, 1907:15 (India: Mussoorie); Bingham, 1908:355 (India: Purneah); Richards,
1934:315 (member of figulus species group); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:346
(listed); Tsuneki, 1978b:28 (redescription); Pu, 1986:8 (China).
, India: Barrackpore or Tirhoot or Mussoorie Hills (OXUM), designated by Tsuneki,
1978b:38. Synonymized with Trypoxylon errans by Tsuneki, 1978b:38.
Bingham, 1897:225 (redescription); Cameron, 1889c:118 (listed); R.
Bohart and Menke, 1976:345 (listed).
. Lectotype:
, India: Assam: Khasia Hills (BMNH), designated by Tsuneki, 1978b:46. Synonymized
with Trypoxylon errans by Tsuneki, 1978b:46. Richards, 1934:315
(member of figulus species group); Begum, Bose, and Howlander, 1989:126
(life history in Bangladesh); Begum, Khan, and Bose, 1995:176 (Bangladesh:
Dhaka University Campus).
(as Philippinense, incorrect original
capitalization). Holotype:
, Philippines: Luzon: Manila (USNM). Synonymized
with Trypoxylon errans by Tsuneki, 1978b:72. F. Williams, 1927
(nesting in hollow twigs), 1931:236 (nesting in hollow twigs); Richards, 1934:343
(life history summary); Krombein, 1949b:381 (in key to Sphecidae of Micronesia),
400 (Marshall Islands); Yoshimoto, 1960:333 (Hawaiian Islands).
. Syntypes:
, Seychelles Islands: Coetivy (BMNH). Synonymized with Trypoxylon errans
by R. Turner, 1911b:372. Tsuneki, 1978b:60 (study of syntypes).
" =
, primary homonym of Trypoxylon ornatipes Cameron, 1889, and of Trypoxylon
ornatipes W. Fox, 1891. Holotype:
, India: (BMNH). Synonymized with Trypoxylon errans by Tsuneki, 1978b:60.
Richards, 1934:315 (member of figulus species group).
,
. Holotype:
,
Japan: Honshu: Utsunomiya (originally K. Tsuneki coll., now Hyogo Mus.). Synonymized
with Trypoxylon errans by Tsuneki, 1981e:59. Tsuneki, 1956g:4,
8 (in key), 1966a:22 (Japan: Osaka), 1969e:25 (Japan), 1970d:13 (life history),
1973e:32 (in key), 1973d:150 (Japan: Saitama Prefecture), 1973e:36 (in key),
1975b:63 (Japan: Saitama Prefecture); Tano, 1994b:43 (holotype in K. Tsuneki
collection); Hashimoto and Nakanishi, 1997:23 (holotype transferred to Hyogo
Mus.).
,
.
Holotype:
, Taiwan: Pingtun Prefecture: Fenglian (originally
K. Tsuneki coll., now USNM). Synonymized with Trypoxylon errans by
Tsuneki, 1978b:72. Haneda, 1971b:30 (Taiwan); Tsuneki, 1971g:7 (Taiwan);
Haneda, 1972:4 (Taiwan); Murota, 1973b:117 (Taiwan); Tsuneki, 1973f:44 (Taiwan),
1974b:630 (Thailand; discussion); Nuhn and Menke, 1994:26 (holotype transferred
to USNM).
. Holotype:
, Japan: Saitama Prefecture: Kohnosu (originally
T. Nambu coll., now Hyogo Mus.). Synonymized with Trypoxylon errans
by Tsuneki, 1981e:59. Nambu, 1973d:150 (Japan: Saitama Prefecture);
Tsuneki, 1973e:34, 38 (in key); Nambu, 1975b:63 (Japan: Saitama Prefecture);
Tano, 1995:41 (holotype in K. Tsuneki collection); Hashimoto and Nakanishi,
1997:23 (holotype transferred to Hyogo Mus.).
. Syntypes:
,
Madagascar: Antananarivo (MHNG). Arnold, 1945:9 (Madagascar;
); Leclercq, 1960a:99 (Madagascar); R. Bohart
and Menke, 1976:346 (listed); Tsuneki, 1981d:85 (Madagascar: Isalo, Mahajanga);
Madl, 1997:820 (Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island), 821 (in checklist of Nosy
Boraha Sphecidae).
,
.
Syntypes: Madagascar: Behara and Bekily (MNHN). Leclercq, 1960a:99
(Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:347 (listed); Hancock, Chahwanda,
and Mhlanga, 1995:40 (syntype in Bulawayo Museum).
. Holotype:
,
South Africa: Cape Province: Algoa Bay near Port Elizabeth (TMP). Richards,
1934:338 (member of scutatum species group; as punctatissimum
Gribodo); Arnold, 1945:11 (Madagascar;
); Leclercq, 1960a:99 (Madagascar, nesting
in twigs), 1965a:93 (in key), 119 (revision; Zaire); R. Bohart and Menke,
1976:347 (listed); Tsuneki, 1978a:5 (in key); Rodgers and Homewood, 1982:234
(Tanzania: Usambara Mountains).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Andrangoloaka, Anosibé
(MHNG). Kohl, 1906a:201 (a species with frontal shield), 203 (in key
to scutatum group); Kohl, 1909:373 (Madagascare: Toamasina); R. Turner,
1911b:373 (Seychelles Islands); Bordage, 1912:58 (Isle of Réunion: life history);
von Schulthess in Friederichs, 1918:48 (Madagascar: Ilôt Prune); Richards,
1934:338 (member of scutatum species group), 344 (life history summary);
Arnold, 1945:14 (Madagascar); Vesey-Fitzgerald, 1950:75 (new to Seychelles
Islands, as saitifrons); Leclercq, 1960a:99 (Madagascar, nesting in
old nests of Icaria, a vespid; variation), 1961d:101 (Madagascar);
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:347 (listed); Tsuneki, 1978a:6, 7 (in key), 76 (redescription),
86 (relationships to other species), 1981f:47 (single member of scutifrons
species group); Madl, Matyot, and Schödl, 1996:833 (Seychelles Islands); Madl,
1997:820 (Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island), 821 (in checklist of Nosy Boraha
Sphecidae).
(as Seyrigi, incorrect original capitalization). Syntypes: Madagascar:
Bekily, Ivondro, Ranomafana, Roget (MNHN). R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:348
(listed); Tsuneki, 1978a:7 (in key).
,
, incorrect original termination. Syntypes:
Madagascar: Behara, Bekily (MNHN). Leclercq, 1961d:101 (Madagascar);
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:348 (listed); Tsuneki, 1978a:6 (in key), 84 (redescription),
86 (relationships to other species), 1981f:17 (single member of sinuosiscute
species group); Hancock, Chahwanda, and Mhlanga, 1995:40 (syntype in Bulawayo
Museum).
. Holotype:
, Madagascar: Rogez (MNHN). R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:348 (listed).