gymnurus, Gasterosteus Cuvier [G.] (ex Willughby) 1829:170 [Le Règne Animal (Edition 2) v. 2; ref. 995] England and northward; France. No types known. Based on Pisciculus aculeatus of Willughby 1686:341 [ref/ 30164]. •Synonym of Gasterosteus aculeatus Linnaeus 1758, subspecies aculeatus -- (Okada 1961:605 [ref. 6363]). •Valid as Gasterosteus gymnurus Cuvier 1829 -- (Kottelat 1997:165 [ref. 22952], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:494 [ref. 29996], Bianco & Delmastro 2011:6 [ref. 31648], Bianco 2013:9 [ref. 32897], Barbieri et al. 2015:96 [ref. 35029], Lorenzoni et al. 2019:252 [ref. 37108]). •Synonym of Gasterosteus aculeatus Linnaeus 1758 -- (Berg 1949:972 [ref. 20662], Monod 1973:281 [ref. 7193], Paepke in Bănărescu & Paepke 2002:209 [ref. 25856], Denys et al. 2015:41 [ref. 35420], Denys et al. 2022:396 [ref. 40085], Çiçek et al. 2024:375 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Gasterosteus aculeatus Linnaeus 1758. Gasterosteidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.