macrocephalus, Gobius Pallas [P. S.] 1787:352, Pl. 10 (figs. 4-6) [Nova Acta Academiae Scientiarum Imperialis Petropolitanae v. 1 (Physica) (for 1783); ref. 18507] Mare Caspicum [Caspian Sea]. No types known. Page as "(52)" between pp. 351 and 353. •Valid as Benthophilus macrocephalus (Pallas 1787) -- (Berg 1949:1109 [ref. 20662], Mitrofanov & Dukravec 1989:280 [ref. 37748], Coad 1995:29 [ref. 23608], Reshetnikov et al. 1997:753 [ref. 24702], Vasil'eva 1998:129 [ref. 23591], Coad 1998:103 [ref. 23869], Vasil'eva 2000:764 [ref. 25083], Bogutskaya et al. 2001:47 [ref. 26178], Pinchuk et al. in Miller 2004:225 [ref. 27853], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:218 [ref. 28183], Boldyrev & Bogutskaya 2004:132 [ref. 28099], Boldyrev & Bogutskaya 2007:67 [ref. 29150], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:560 [ref. 29996], Neilson & Stepien 2009:96 [ref. 30497], Esmaeili et al. 2010:377 [ref. 33391], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:897 [ref. 34062], Esmaeili et al. 2017:81 [ref. 35254], Esmaeili et al. 2018:62 [ref. 36089], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:228 [ref. 37983], Parenti 2021:71 [ref. 38603], Zarei et al. 2022:168 [ref. 39576], Çiçek et al. 2024:302 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Benthophilus macrocephalus (Pallas 1787). Gobiidae: Gobiinae. Distribution: Eurasia: Caspian Sea basin. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.