melanostigma, Barbus Day [F.] 1878:573, Pl. 143 (fig. 1) [The fishes of India Part 4; ref. 4887] Wynaad Hills, Kerala, India. Lectotype: not identified. Paralectotypes and/or Day specimens: BMNH 1889.2.1.635-637 (3), NMW 54360 (1). Type catalog: Whitehead & Talwar 1976:162 [ref. 23762]. Pethiyagoda & Kottelat 2005:150 [ref. 28275] designated the specimen shown in Pl. 143 as the lectotype. •Synonym of Puntius mahecola (Valenciennes 1844) -- (Pethiyagoda & Kottelat 2005:150 [ref. 28275], Plamoottil 2016:4 [ref. 34781], Plamoottil & Vineeth 2020:98 [ref. 38032]). •Valid as Puntius melanostigma (Day 1878) -- (Talwar & Jhingran 1991:275 [ref. 20764], Zacharias et al. 1996:40 [ref. 25526], Manimekalan 1998:436 [ref. 24989], Menon 1999:96 [ref. 24904], Raju Thomas et al. 2002:50 [ref. 26359], Pethiyagoda et al. 2008:209 [ref. 29986], Pethiyagoda et al. 2012:73 [ref. 32071], Bleher 2018:718 [ref. 36647], Plamoottil & Johnson 2020:97 [ref. 37958]). Current status: Valid as Puntius melanostigma (Day 1878). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: South Asia: Cauvery and Bhavani River basins, Karnataka and Kerala (India). Habitat: freshwater.