monachus, Ceratichthys Cope [E. D.] 1868:227, Pl. [23] 27 (fig. 2) [Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia. Second series. v. 6 (pt 3) (art. 5); ref. 909] North Fork of Holston River, below Saltville, Washington County, Virginia, U.S.A. Syntypes: ANSP 2036-40 (5). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:84 [ref. 13621], Gilbert 1998:116 [ref. 23395]. Spelled monacus twice on p. 227, but as monachus on p. 226 and on the plate legend; the latter in current use but first reviser not researched by us. •Valid as Hybopsis monacha (Cope 1868) -- (Lee et al. 1980:192 [ref. 22416], Jenkins & Burkhead 1984 [ref. 22276]). •Valid as Erimonax monachus (Cope 1868) -- (Nelson et al. 2004:70 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:16 [ref. 28940], Page et al. 2013:70 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:69 [ref. 40505]). •Valid as Cyprinella monacha (Cope 1868) -- (Burkhead & Jenkins 1991:346 [ref. 21804], Page & Burr 1991:128 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:46 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:153 [ref. 22809], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:353 [ref. 21581], Mettee et al. 1996:161 [ref. 25836], Gilbert 1998:116 [ref. 23395], Boschung & Mayden 2004:169 [ref. 27995], Schönhuth & Mayden 2009:78 [ref. 38584], Page & Burr 2011:249 [ref. 31215]). Current status: Valid as Cyprinella monacha (Cope 1868). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: North America: eastern U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater.