Please look in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes for authorships of sections, Families of Fishes (all), and related information.

Genera in the family or subfamily Characidae: [ 220 ] records

Acanthocharax Eigenmann [C. H.] 1912:258, 404 Masc. Acanthocharax microlepis Eigenmann 1912. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Acanthocharax Eigenmann 1912 -- (Géry 1977:310 [ref. 1597], Lucena and Menezes in Reis et al. 2003:200 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Characinae, Mirande 2010:490 [ref. 31006]). Current status: Valid as Acanthocharax Eigenmann 1912. Characidae: Characinae.

Acestrocephalus Eigenmann [C. H.] 1910:447 Masc. Xiphorhamphus anomalus Steindachner 1880. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Cynopotamus Valenciennes 1849, but a valid subgenus Acestrocephalus -- (Géry 1977:307 [ref. 1597]). •Valid as Acestrocephalus Eigenmann 1910 -- (Menezes 1976:37 [ref. 7073] in subfamily Cynopotaminae, Menezes 1977 [ref. 7070], Taphorn 1992:39 [ref. 23654], Lasso & Taphorn 2000:443 [ref. 25255], Menezes 2006:386 [ref. 28897] dated 1909, Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Characinae, Mirande 2010:490 [ref. 31006], Oliveira et al. 2011:15 [ref. 31685]). Current status: Valid as Acestrocephalus Eigenmann 1910. Characidae: Characinae.

Acestrorhamphus Eigenmann [C. H.] & Kennedy [C. H.] 1903:527 Masc. Hydrocyon hepsetus Cuvier 1829. Type by monotypy. Also appeared in Eigenmann 1903 (Dec.):146 [ref. 1218]. •Synonym of Oligosarcus Günther 1864, but a valid subgenus Acestrorhamphus -- (Géry 1977:326 [ref. 1597]). •Synonym of Oligosarcus Günther 1964 -- (Braga 1994:15 [ref. 27878], Menezes in Reis et al. 2003:151 [ref. 27061]). Current status: Synonym of Oligosarcus Günther 1864. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Acinocheirodon Malabarba [L. R.] & Weitzman [S. H.] 1999:413 Masc. Acinocheirodon melanogramma Malabarba & Weitzman 1999. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Acinocheirodon Malabarba & Weitzman 1999 -- (Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:215 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267], Mirande 2010:531 [ref. 31006]).3 Current status: Valid as Acinocheirodon Malabarba & Weitzman 1999. Characidae: Cheirodontinae.

Acrobrycon Eigenmann [C. H.] & Pearson [N. E.] in Pearson 1924:44 Masc. Tetragonopterus ipanquianus Cope 1877. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Acrobrycon Eigenmann & Pearson 1924 -- (Géry 1977:358 [ref. 1597], Weitzman & Fink 1985:1 et seq. [ref. 5203], Weitzman et al. 1988:383 [ref. 13557], Weitzman & Menezes 1998:184 [ref. 23843], Weitzman in Reis et al. 2003:223 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Stevardiinae, Mirande 2010:533 [ref. 31006], Menezes & Weitzman 2011:59 [ref. 31289], Arcila et al. 2014:605 [ref. 33096], Sarmiento et al. 2014:183 [ref. 35004], Thomaz et al. 2015:8 [ref. 33893] in Stevardiinae, tribe Hemibryconini, Thomaz et al. 2015: Add. 5 [ref. 33893]). Current status: Valid as Acrobrycon Eigenmann & Pearson 1924. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Aequidens (subgenus of Tetragonopterus) Steindachner [F.] 1915:34 [48] Masc. Tetragonopterus (Aequidens) fasslii Steindachner 1915. Type by monotypy. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Aequidens Eigenmann & Bray 1894 in fishes, replaced by Evenichthys Whitley 1935. "Misprint for Astyanax" written in separate at the California Academy of Sciences, and this plus style (see new subgenus Pseudepapterus) suggests that the name was in error and not intended as an original description. 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Astyanax Baird & Girard 1854. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Amazonichthys Esguícero [A. L. H.] & Mendonça [M. B.] 2023:427 Masc. Axelrodia lindeae Géry 1973. Type by original designation. •Valid as Amazonichthys Esguícero & Mendonça 2023. Current status: Valid as Amazonichthys Esguícero & Mendonça 2023. Characidae: Characinae.

Amazonspinther Bührnheim [C. M.], Carvalho [T. P.], Malabarba [L. R.] & Weitzman [S. H.] 2008:664 Masc. Amazonspinther dalmata Bührnheim, Carvalho, Malabarba & Weitzman 2008. Type by monotypy. •Valid as Amazonspinther Bührnheim, Carvalho, Malabarba & Weitzman 2008 -- (Mirande 2010:531 [ref. 31006]). Current status: Valid as Amazonspinther Bührnheim, Carvalho, Malabarba & Weitzman 2008. Characidae: Spintherobolinae.

Amblystilbe Fowler [H. W.] 1940:85 Fem. Amblystilbe howesi Fowler 1940. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Prodontocharax Eigenmann & Pearson 1924 -- (Géry 1977:590 [ref. 1597], Böhlke 1984:48 [ref. 13621], Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:218 [ref. 27061]). •Valid as Amblystilbe Fowler 1940 -- (Bertaco et al. 2023:20 [ref. 40512]). Current status: Valid as Amblystilbe Fowler 1940. Characidae: Cheirodontinae.

Anacyrtus Günther [A.] 1864:345 Masc. Salmo gibbosus Linnaeus 1758. Type by being a replacement name. Replacement for Epicyrtus Müller & Troschel 1844, preoccupied by Epicyrtus Dejean 1833 in Coleoptera. •Objective synonym of Charax Scopoli 1777 -- (Lucena 1987:26 [ref. 17724], Taphorn 1992:152 [ref. 23654], Lucena and Menezes in Reis et al. 2003:201 [ref. 27061], Menezes & Lucena 2014:195 [ref. 33369]). Current status: Synonym of Charax Scopoli 1777. Characidae: Characinae.

Andromakhe Terán [G. E.], Benitez [M. F.] & Mirande [J. M.] 2020:10 Fem. Astyanax latens Mirande, Aguilera & Azpelicueta 2004. Type by original designation. •Valid as Andromakhe Terán, Benitez & Mirande 2020. Current status: Valid as Andromakhe Terán, Benitez & Mirande 2020. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Anoptichthys Hubbs [C. L.] & Innes [W. T.] 1936:3 Masc. Anoptichthys jordani Hubbs & Innes 1936. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Astyanax Baird & Girard 1854 -- (see Géry 1977:418 [ref. 1597], Buckup in Reis et al. 2003:107 [ref. 27061], Terán et al. 2020:9 [ref. 37440], Espinasa et al. 2020:1 [ref. 40046], Miranda-Gamboa et al. 2023:95 [ref. 40047]). Current status: Synonym of Astyanax Baird & Girard 1854. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Aphyocharacidium Géry [J.] 1960:24 Neut. Odontostilbe melandetus Eigenmann 1912. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Aphyocharacidium Géry 1960 -- (Géry 1977:591 [ref. 1597], Malabarba 1998:232 [ref. 23844], Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:106 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Aphyoditeinae, Mirande 2010:528 [ref. 31006], Oliveira et al. 2011:15 [ref. 31685], Tagliacollo et al. 2012:306 [ref. 31996] but in Aphyocharacinae not Aphyoditeinae, Sarmiento et al. 2014:183 [ref. 35004], Esguícero & Mendonça 2023:444 [ref. 40521]). Current status: Valid as Aphyocharacidium Géry 1960. Characidae: Characinae.

Aphyocharax Günther [A.] 1868:480 Masc. Aphyocharax pusillus Günther 1868. Type by monotypy. Also published as new in Günther (Sept.) 1868:245 [ref. 5756]; 1868:480 is June. Spelled Aphiocharax by Eigenmann & Eigenmann 1891:55 [ref. 12252]. •Valid as Aphyocharax Günther 1868 -- (Géry 1977:350 [ref. 1597], Taphorn 1992:107 [ref. 23654], Malabarba 1998:229 [ref. 23844], Britski et al. 1999:44 [ref. 24147], Lima in Reis et al. 2003:197 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Aphyocharacinae, Mirande 2010:524 [ref. 31006], Oliveira et al. 2011:15 [ref. 31685], Tagliacollo et al. 2012:298 [ref. 31996], Sarmiento et al. 2014:43, 183 [ref. 35004], Bertaco et al. 2016:412 [ref. 34561], Brito et al. 2018:393 [ref. 36071], Brito et al. 2019:507 [ref. 37042]). Current status: Valid as Aphyocharax Günther 1868. Characidae: Aphyocharacinae.

Aphyocheirodon Eigenmann [C. H.] 1915:58 Masc. Aphyocheirodon hemigrammus Eigenmann 1915. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Aphyocheirodon Eigenmann 1915 -- (Malabarba 1998:220 [ref. 23844], Malabarba & Weitzman 1999:429 [ref. 24417], Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:215 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267], Mirande 2010:531 [ref. 31006], Oliveira et al. 2011:15 [ref. 31685]). Current status: Valid as Aphyocheirodon Eigenmann 1915. Characidae: Cheirodontinae.

Aphyodite Eigenmann [C. H.] 1912:255, 314 Fem. Aphyodite grammica Eigenmann 1912. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Aphyodite Eigenmann 1912 -- (Géry 1977:586 [ref. 1597], Malabarba 1998:230 [ref. 23844], Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:107 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Aphyoditeinae, Mirande 2010:528 [ref. 31006], Sarmiento et al. 2014:183 [ref. 35004], Esguícero & Castro 2017:756 [ref. 35694]). Current status: Valid as Aphyodite Eigenmann 1912. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Apodastyanax Fowler [H. W.] 1911:422 Masc. Apodastyanax stewardsoni Fowler 1911. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Ctenobrycon Eigenmann 1908 -- (Taphorn 1992:176 [ref. 23654], Benine & Cassati in Reis et al. 2003:126 [ref. 27061]). Current status: Synonym of Ctenobrycon Eigenmann 1908. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Argopleura (subgenus of Bryconamericus) Eigenmann [C. H.] 1913:10 Fem. Bryconamericus magdalenensis Eigenmann 1913. Type by original designation. •Valid as Argopleura Eigenmann 1913 -- (Géry 1977:358 [ref. 1597], Weitzman & Fink 1985:1 et seq. [ref. 5203], Weitzman & Menezes 1998:187 [ref. 23843], Román-Valencia 2000:462 [ref. 25256], Weitzman in Reis et al. 2003:223 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Stevardiinae, Zarske 2010:84 [ref. 30919], Mirande 2010:533 [ref. 31006], Thomaz et al. 2015:10 [ref. 33893] incertae sedis in Stevardiinae). Current status: Valid as Argopleura Eigenmann 1913. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Asiphonichthys Cope [E. D.] 1894:67 Masc. Asiphonichthys stenopterus Cope 1894. Type by monotypy. •Synonym of Charax Scopoli 1777 -- (Géry 1977:310 [ref. 1597], Lucena 1987:26 [ref. 17724], Malabarba 1989:132 [ref. 14217] based on placement of type species, Lucena and Menezes in Reis et al. 2003:201 [ref. 27061], Menezes & Lucena 2014:195 [ref. 33369]). Current status: Synonym of Charax Scopoli 1777. Characidae: Characinae.

Astyanacinus Eigenmann [C. H.] 1907:769 Masc. Tetragonopterus moorii Boulenger 1892. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Spelled Astycinus by Jordan 1920:522 [ref. 4905] and Astyacinus by Neave 1939:337 [ref. 12569]. •Valid as Astyanacinus Eigenmann 1907 -- (Géry 1977:415 [ref. 1597], Britski et al. 1999:36 [ref. 24147], Lima in Reis et al. 2003:107 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:11 [ref. 30267] as incertae sedis in Characidae, Bertaco et al. 2010:265 [ref. 30864] but redefined, Mirande 2010:545 [ref. 31006], Mirande et al. 2011:13 [ref. 31465], Torres-Mejia et al. 2012:501 [ref. 32312], Dagosta 2024:92 [ref. 40817]). •Synonym of Astyanax Baird & Girard 1854 -- (Ruiz-C. et al. 2018:3 [ref. 35787], Terán et al. 2020:9 [ref. 37440]). Current status: Synonym of Astyanax Baird & Girard 1854. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Astyanax Baird [S. F.] & Girard [C. F.] 1854:26 Masc. Astyanax argentatus Baird & Girard 1854. Type by monotypy. •Valid as Astyanax Baird & Girard 1854 -- (Géry 1977:418 [ref. 1597], Weitzman & Vari 1986 [ref. 5979], Géry et al. 1988:9 [ref. 6408], Malabarba 1989:128 [ref. 14217], Taphorn 1992:110 [ref. 23654], Géry et al. 1996 [ref. 22155], Schmitter-Soto 1998:349 [ref. 23326], Garutti 1998:121 [ref. 23797], Britski et al. 1999:37 [ref. 24147], Zarske & Géry 1999:203 [ref. 24913], Garutti & Britski 2000:84 [ref. 24769], Espanasa et al. 2001:339 [ref. 25704], de Melo 2001:3 [ref. 27458], Zarske & Géry 2002:17 [ref. 26554], Benine 2002:292 [ref. 26541], Azpelicueta et al. 2002:243 [ref. 26608], Buckup in Reis et al. 2003:107 [ref. 27061], Casciotta et al. 2003:329 [ref. 27401], Garutti 2003:2 [ref. 27817], Ferreira Haluch & Abilhoa 2005:383 [ref. 28386], Bertaco & Lucinda 2005:392 [ref. 28387], Bertaco & Lucena 2006:53 [ref. 28628], Mirande et al. 2006:9 [ref. 28757], Mirande et al. 2006:58 [ref. 28784], Ruiz-C. & Román-Valenca 2006:50 [ref. 28891], Scharpf 2006:13 [ref. 30386], Bertaco & Garutti 2007:25 [ref. 29172], Abilhoa & Duboc 2007:43 [ref. 29285], Mirande et al. 2007:38 [ref. 29333], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2008:409 [ref. 29633], Zanata & Camelier 2008:28 [ref. 29887], Bussing 2009:1361 [ref. 30066], Azpelicueta & Loureiro 2009:3 [ref. 30196], Marinho & Lima 2009:169 [ref. 30251], Zanata & Camelier 2009:175 [ref. 30252], Vera Alcaraz et al. 2009:185 [ref. 30253], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Astyanax clade, Garutti & Venere 2009:377 [ref. 30493], Garutti & Langeani 2009:371 [ref. 30985], Pavanelli & Oliveira 2009:569 [ref. 30986], Minckley & Marsh 2009:103 [ref. 31114], Bertaco & Lucena 2010:7 [ref. 30750], Almirón et al. 2010:60 [ref. 30813], Bertaco et al. 2010:265 [ref. 30864], Mirande 2010:514 [ref. 31006], Garavello & Sampaio 2010:847 [ref. 31053], Soneira et al. 2010:779 [ref. 31078], Ruiz-C. et al. 2011:48 [ref. 31365], Marinho & Birindelli 2013:45 [ref. 32569], Marinho & Ohara 2013:475 [ref. 32713], Lucena et al. 2013:226 [ref. 32870], Lucena et al. 2013:537 [ref. 32914], Camelier & Zanata 2014:xx [ref. 33136], Bertaco 2014:492 [ref. 33320], Ingenito & Duboc 2014:281 [ref. 33374], Sarmiento et al. 2014:183 [ref. 35004], Mirande & Koerber 2015:1 [ref. 33698], Marinho et al. 2015:568 [ref. 33708], Bertaco & Vigo 2015:265 [ref. 33857], Freitas et al. 2015:183 [ref. 34055], Lucena & Soares 2016:101 [ref. 34169], Schmitter-Soto 2016:101 [ref. 34424], Bertaco et al. 2016:412 [ref. 34561], Zanata et al. 2017:491 [ref. 35145], Terán et al. 2017:1 [ref. 35358], Schmitter-Soto 2017:1331 [ref. 35414], da Graça et al. 2017:1 [ref. 35556], Oliveira et al. 2017:173 [ref. 35587], Lucena et al. 2017:1 [ref. 35607], Ruiz-C. et al. 2018:1 [ref. 35787], Angulo et al. 2018:[1] [ref. 35879], Zanata et al. 2018:471 [ref. 35984], Silva et al. 2019:110 [ref. 36458], Burger et al. 2019:369 [ref. 36718], Zanata et al. 2019:1 [ref. 37072], Terán et al. 2020:9 [ref. 37440], Espinasa et al. 2020:1 [ref. 40046], Salgado 2021:1 [ref. 38719], Salgado 2021:1 [ref. 38720], Salgado 2021:133 [ref. 38807], Dagosta & Marinho 2022:1 [ref. 39122], Ruiz-C. et al. 2023:116 [ref. 39815], Miranda-Gamboa et al. 2023:95 [ref. 40047], Ferreira et al. 2023:[1] [ref. 40133], Ruiz-C. et al. 2023:195 [ref. 40361]). Current status: Valid as Astyanax Baird & Girard 1854. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Atopomesus Myers [G. S.] 1927:112 Masc. Atopomesus pachyodus Myers 1927. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Atopomesus Myers 1927 -- (Géry 1977:587 [ref. 1597], Malabarba 1998:231 [ref. 23844], Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:113 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:11 [ref. 30267] as incertae sedis in Characidae, Mirande 2010:545 [ref. 31006], Esguícero & Castro 2016:241 [ref. 34949]). Current status: Valid as Atopomesus Myers 1927. Characidae: Spintherobolinae.

Attonitus Vari [R. P.] & Ortega [H.] 2000:114 Masc. Attonitus irisae Vari & Ortega 2000. Type by original designation. •Valid as Attonitus Vari & Ortega 2000 -- (Almirón et al. 2001:38 [ref. 26609], Buckup in Reis et al. 2003:113 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Stevardiinae as Attonittus, Mirande 2010:533 [ref. 31006], Sarmiento et al. 2014:184 [ref. 35004], Thomaz et al. 2015:8 [ref. 33893] in Stevardiinae, tribe Diapomini). Current status: Valid as Attonitus Vari & Ortega 2000. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Aulixidens Böhlke [J. E.] 1952:775 Masc. Aulixidens eugeniae Böhlke 1952. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Aulixidens Böhlke 1952 -- (Malabarba 1998:232 [ref. 23844], Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:113 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267] in Characidae Stevardiinae, Mirande 2010:533 [ref. 31006], Thomaz et al. 2015:4 [ref. 33893]). Current status: Valid as Aulixidens Böhlke 1952. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Axelrodia Géry [J.] 1965:31 Fem. Axelrodia fowleri Géry 1965. Type by original designation (also monotypic). See also Géry 1966:111 [ref. 1587]. •Valid as Axelrodia Géry 1965 -- (Géry 1977:602 [ref. 1597], Lima in Reis et al. 2003:113 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Aphyoditeinae, Mirande 2010:528 [ref. 31006], Esguícero & Mendonça 2023:444 [ref. 40521]). Current status: Valid as Axelrodia Géry 1965. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Bario Myers [G. S.] 1940:35 Masc. Tetragonopterus steindachneri Eigenmann 1893. Type by being a replacement name. Replacement for Entomolepis Eigenmann 1917, preoccupied by Entomolepis Brady 1889 in Crustacea. Treated as masculine (Art. 30.2.4). •Valid as Bario Myers 1940 -- (Géry 1977:454 [ref. 1597], Zarske & Géry 2002:17 [ref. 26554], Benine in Reis et al. 2003:114 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Hemigrammus clade, Mirande 2010:500 [ref. 31006] in Characidae, Tetragonopterinae, Bertaco et al. 2011:57 [ref. 31234], Sarmiento et al. 2014:184 [ref. 35004]). Current status: Valid as Bario Myers 1940. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Bergia Steindachner [F.] 1891:173 Fem. Bergia altipinnis Steindachner 1891. Type by monotypy. Also appeared as Steindachner 1891:365 [ref. 4236]. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Bergia Duchassaing & Michelotti 1861 in Coleoptera and by Bergia Scott 1881 in Hemiptera; apparently not replaced. Bergia dates to 9 July 1891 according to Fowler 1975:184 [ref. 9333] and Chalcinopelecus apparently dates to June 1891. •Synonym of Pseudocorynopoma Perugia (30 Apr.) 1891 -- (Weitzman in Reis et al. 2003:226 [ref. 27061]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Pseudocorynopoma Perugia 1891. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Bertoniolus Fowler [H. W.] 1918:141 Masc. Bertoniolus paraguayensis Fowler 1918. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Astyanax Baird & Girard 1854 -- (see Böhlke 1984:52 [ref. 13621], Buckup in Reis et al. 2003:107 [ref. 27061], Terán et al. 2020:9 [ref. 37440]). Current status: Synonym of Astyanax Baird & Girard 1854. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Bleptonema Eigenmann [C. H.] 1914:44 Neut. Bleptonema paraguayensis Eigenmann 1914. Type by subsequent designation. Type designated by Jordan 1920:535 [ref. 4905]. •Synonym of Prionobrama Fowler 1913 -- (Géry 1977:347 [ref. 1597], Malabarba 1998:230 [ref. 23844], Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:154 [ref. 27061], Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:154 [ref. 27061]). Current status: Synonym of Prionobrama Fowler 1913. Characidae: Aphyocharacinae.

Boehlkea Géry [J.] 1966:212 Fem. Boehlkea fredcochui Géry 1966. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Hemibrycon Günther 1864 based on placement of the type species. •Valid as Boehlkea Géry 1966 -- (Géry 1977:375, 382 [ref. 1597], Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:114 [ref. 27061], Zarske 2008:160 [ref. 29918], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267] and Mirande 2010:533 [ref. 31006] in Characidae, Stevardiinae with question, Bertaco & Malabarba 2010:767 [ref. 31076], Thomaz et al. 2015:4 [ref. 33893], Soares et al. 2017:1 [ref. 35609]). Current status: Valid as Boehlkea Géry 1966. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Brachychalcinus Boulenger [G. A.] 1892:11 Masc. Brachychalcinus retrospina Boulenger 1892. Type by monotypy. •Valid as Brachychalcinus Boulenger 1892 -- (Géry 1977:367 [ref. 1597], Reis 1989:58 [ref. 14219], Britski et al. 1999:56 [ref. 24147], Reis in Reis et al. 2003:209 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Stethaprioninae, Mirande 2010:500 [ref. 31006] in Characidae, Tetragonopterinae, Sarmiento et al. 2014:184 [ref. 35004], Garcia-Ayala et al. 2017:564 [ref. 35695], Garcia-Ayala & Benine 2020:1 [ref. 37401], Garcia-Ayala et al. 2024:1 [ref. 40855]). Current status: Valid as Brachychalcinus Boulenger 1892. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Bramocharax Gill [T. N.] in Gill & Bransford 1877:189 Masc. Bramocharax bransfordii Gill 1877. Type by monotypy. Spelling of subfamily "Bramocharax clade" changed to Acestrorhamphinae on 22 Feb. 2014. •Valid as Bramocharax Gill 1877 -- (Géry 1977:322 [ref. 1597], Contreras-Balderas & Rivera-Teillery 1985:15 [ref. 19552], Menezes in Reis et al. 2003:114 [ref. 27061], Scharpf 2006:14 [ref. 30386], Mirande 2010:496 [ref. 31006]). •Synonym of Astyanax Baird & Girard 1854 -- (Schmitter-Soto 2016:120 [ref. 34424], Schmitter-Soto 2017:1373 [ref. 35414], Terán et al. 2020:9 [ref. 37440]). Current status: Synonym of Astyanax Baird & Girard 1854. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Brittanichthys Géry [J.] 1965:13 Masc. Brittanichthys axelrodi Géry 1965. Type by original designation. •Valid as Brittanichthys Géry 1965 -- (Géry 1977:591 [ref. 1597], Malabarba 1998:232 [ref. 23844], Malabarba & Weitzman 1999:411 [ref. 24417], Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:114 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:11 [ref. 30267] as incertae sedis in Characidae, Mirande 2010:545 [ref. 31006]). Current status: Valid as Brittanichthys Géry 1965. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Bryconacidnus Myers [G. S.] in Eigenmann & Myers 1929:545 Masc. Hyphessobrycon ellisi Pearson 1924. Type by original designation. •Valid as Bryconacidnus Myers 1929 -- (Géry 1977:398 [ref. 1597], Pavanelli in Reis et al. 2003:114 [ref. 27061], Menezes et al. 2009:147 [ref. 30247], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267] and Mirande 2010:533 [ref. 31006] in Characidae, Stevardiinae with question, Sarmiento et al. 2014:184 [ref. 35004], Thomaz et al. 2015:8 [ref. 33893] in Stevardiinae, tribe Diapomini). Current status: Valid as Bryconacidnus Myers 1929. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Bryconadenos Weitzman [S. H.], Menezes [N. A.], Evers [H.-G.] & Burns [J. R.] 2005:334 Masc. Bryconadenos tanaothoros Weitzman, Menezes, Evers & Burns 2005. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Bryconadenos Weitzman, Menezes, Evers & Burns 2005 -- (Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267] and Mirande 2010:533 [ref. 31006] and Mirande 2010:533 [ref. 31006] in Characidae, Stevardiinae with question, Menezes et al. 2009:57 [ref. 30293], Oliveira et al. 2011:16 [ref. 31685]). •Synonym of Knodus Eigenmann 1911 -- (Thomaz et al. 2015:19 [ref. 33893]). Current status: Synonym of Knodus Eigenmann 1911. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Bryconamericus Eigenmann [C. H.] in Eigenmann, McAtee & Ward 1907:139 Masc. Bryconamericus exodon Eigenmann 1907. Type by monotypy. •Valid as Bryconamericus Eigenmann 1907 -- (Géry 1977:386 [ref. 1597], Malabarba 1989:131 [ref. 14217], Taphorn 1992:134 [ref. 23654], Malabarba & Kindel 1995:679 [ref. 21922], Bizerril & Peres-Neto 1995:13 [ref. 22473], Britski et al. 1999:30 [ref. 24147], Román-Valencia 2000:449 [ref. 25256], Almirón et al. 2001:38 [ref. 26609] with author and date wrongly as Boulenger 1887, Román-Valencia 2002:173 [ref. 26370], Miquelarena et al. 2002:69 [ref. 26517], Román-Valencia 2003:17 [ref. 26840], Román-Valencia 2003:31 [ref. 27036], Román-Valencia 2003:7 [ref. 27070], Román-Valencia 2003:477 [ref. 27478], Silva in Reis et al. 2003:115 [ref. 27061], da Silva 2004:55 [ref. 27870], Langeani et al. 2005:386 [ref. 28234], Román-Valencia et al. 2008:1749 [ref. 30068], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Stevardiinae; some species in Astyanax clade, Román-Valencia et al. 2009:466 [ref. 30392], Román-Valencia et al. 2009:455 [ref. 30393], Román-Valencia & Vanegas-Rios 2009:393 [ref. 30843], Zarske et al. 2010:4 [ref. 30816], Netto-Ferreira 2010:468 [ref. 30882], Mirande 2010:533 [ref. 31006], Román-Valencia 2010:201 [ref. 31063], Román-Valencia et al. 2011:844 [ref. 31565], Oliveira et al. 2011:16 [ref. 31685], Esguícero & Castro 2014:39 [ref. 33506], Román-Valencia et al. 2014:107 [ref. 33608], Sarmiento et al. 2014:184 [ref. 35004], Dagosta & Netto-Ferreira 2015:433 [ref. 33665], Thomas et al. 2015:8, 10 [ref. 33893] in Stevardiinae, some species in tribe Eretmobryconini, Hemibryconini and Diapomini, Román-Valencia et al. 2015:241 [ref. 34022], Bertaco et al. 2016:412 [ref. 34561], Jerep & Shibatta 2017:1 [ref. 35610], García-Melo et al. 2019:14 [ref. 36761], Román-Valencia et al. 2023:12 [ref. 40431], Pedroso et al. 2024:1 [ref. 40856]). Current status: Valid as Bryconamericus Eigenmann 1907. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Bryconella Géry [J.] 1965:27 Fem. Bryconella haraldi Géry 1965. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Bryconella Géry 1865 -- (Géry 1977:511 [ref. 1597], Langeani in Reis et al. 2003:119 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:11 [ref. 30267] as incertae sedis in Characidae, Mirande 2010:545 [ref. 31006], Sarmiento et al. 2014:184 [ref. 35004]). Current status: Valid as Bryconella Géry 1965. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Bryconexodon Géry [J.] 1980:2 Masc. Bryconexodon juruenae Géry 1980. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Bryconexodon Géry 1980 -- (Lucena in Reis et al. 2003:119 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Characinae with question, Mirande 2010:490 [ref. 31006]). Current status: Valid as Bryconexodon Géry 1980. Characidae: Exodontinae.

Buritia Brant [V.] 1974:148 Fem. Buritia cisalpinoi Brant 1974. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Buritia Young 1952 in Hemiptera (see Whitley 1976:47 [ref. 4735]); replaced by and objective synonym of Orthospinus Reis 1989. •Synonym of Orthospinus Reis 1989 -- (Reis in Reis et al. 2003:209 [ref. 27061]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Orthospinus Reis 1989. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Caiapobrycon Malabarba [L. R.] & Vari [R. P.] 2000:316 Masc. Caiapobrycon tucurui Malabarba & Vari 2000. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Caiapobrycon Malabarba & Vari 2000 -- (Almirón et al. 2001:38 [ref. 26609], Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:120 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267] in Characidae Stevardiinae, Mirande 2010:533 [ref. 31006] with question, Thomaz et al. 2015:4 [ref. 33893] incertae sedis in Stevardiinae). Current status: Valid as Caiapobrycon Malabarba & Vari 2000. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Carlana Strand [E.] 1928:54 Fem. Cheirodon eigenmanni Meek 1912. Type by being a replacement name. Replacement for Carlia Meek 1914, preoccupied by Carlia Gray 1845 (Catalogue of the specimens of lizards in the collection of the British Museum, p.271). •Valid as Carlana Strand 1928 -- (Fink & Weitzman 1974:25 [ref. 7132], Géry 1977:543 [ref. 1597], Cardoso in Reis et al. 2003:213 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Rhoadsiinae, Mirande 2010:499 [ref. 31006], Oliveira et al. 2011:14 [ref. 31685] in Rhoadsinae). Current status: Valid as Carlana Strand 1928. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Carlastyanax Géry [J.] 1972:16 Masc. Astyanax aurocaudatus Eigenmann 1913. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Astyanax Baird & Girard 1854 -- (Ruiz-C. & Román-Valenca 2006:50 [ref. 28891]). •Valid as Carlastyanax Géry 1972 -- (Géry 1977:379 [ref. 1597], Pavanelli in Reis et al. 2003:120 [ref. 27061], Mirande et al. 2013:747 [ref. 33366], Thomaz et al. 2015:8 [ref. 33893] in Stevardiinae, tribe Creagrutini). Current status: Valid as Carlastyanax Géry 1972. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Carlia Meek [S. E.] 1914:108 Fem. Cheirodon eigenmanni Meek 1912. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Carlia Gray 1845 in Lizards; replaced by Carlana Strand 1928. •Objective synonym of Carlana Strand 1928 -- (Fink & Weitzman 1974:25 [ref. 7132], Cardoso in Reis et al. 2003:213 [ref. 27061]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Carlana Strand 1928. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Catemaco (subgenus of Bramocharax) Contreras-Balderas [S.] & Rivera-Teillery [R.] 1985:9 Masc. Bramocharax caballeroi Contreras-Balderas & Rivera-Teillery 1985. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Treated as masculine, Art. 30.2.4. •Synonym of Bramocharax Gill 1877 -- (Menezes in Reis et al. 2003:114 [ref. 27061]). •Synonym of Astyanax Baird & Girard 1854 -- (Terán et al. 2020:9 [ref. 37440]). Current status: Synonym of Astyanax Baird & Girard 1854. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Ceratobranchia Eigenmann [C. H.] in Eigenmann, Henn & Wilson 1914:3 Fem. Ceratobranchia obtusirostris Eigenmann 1914. Type by monotypy. •Valid as Ceratobranchia Eigenmann 1914 -- (Géry 1977:398 [ref. 1597], Chernoff & Machado-Allison 1990 [ref. 19495], Silva in Reis et al. 2003:120 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267] and Mirande 2010:533 [ref. 31006] in Characidae, Stevardiinae with question, Oliveira et al. 2011:16 [ref. 31685], Sarmiento et al. 2014:184 [ref. 35004], Thomaz et al. 2015:8 [ref. 33893], in Stevardiinae, tribe Diapomini). Current status: Valid as Ceratobranchia Eigenmann 1914. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Chalcinopelecus Holmberg [E. L.] 1891:190 Masc. Chalcinopelecus argentinus Holmberg 1891. Type by monotypy. •Synonym of Pseudocorynopoma Perugia (30 April) 1891, Chalcinopelecus published June, 1891; Bergia Steindachner (9 July) 1891 also a synonym but preoccupied. •Synonym of Pseudocorynopoma Perugia 1891 -- (Weitzman in Reis et al. 2003:226 [ref. 27061]). Current status: Synonym of Pseudocorynopoma Perugia 1891. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Characinus Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1803:269 Masc. Salmo gibbosus Linnaeus 1758. Type by subsequent designation. Type designated by Jordan 1917:66 [ref. 2407]. •Objective synonym of Charax Scopoli 1777 -- (Lucena 1987:26 [ref. 17724], Taphorn 1992:152 [ref. 23654], Lucena and Menezes in Reis et al. 2003:200 [ref. 27061], Menezes & Lucena 2014:195 [ref. 33369]). Current status: Synonym of Charax Scopoli 1777. Characidae: Characinae.

Charax Gronow [L. T.] 1763:123 Masc. Not available, published in a rejected work on Official Index (Opinion 261). •In the synonymy of Charax Scopoli 1777 -- (Lucena 1987:26 [ref. 17724], Lucena and Menezes in Reis et al. 2003:200 [ref. 27061]). Suppressed. Current status: Synonym of Charax Scopoli 1777. Characidae: Characinae.

Charax Scopoli [J. A.] (ex Gronow) 1777:455 Masc. Salmo gibbosus Linnaeus 1758. Type by subsequent designation. Appeared without included species; first addition of species not researched; type designated by Eigenmann 1910:444 [ref. 1224] if gibbosus was an originally-included species. •Valid as Charax Scopoli 1777 -- (Géry 1977:307 [ref. 1597], Lucena 1987:26 [ref. 17724], Lucena 1989 [ref. 12852], Malabarba 1989:132 [ref. 14217], Taphorn 1992:152 [ref. 23654], Britski et al. 1999:55 [ref. 24147], Lucena and Menezes in Reis et al. 2003:200 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Characinae, Mirande 2010:490 [ref. 31006], Oliveira et al. 2011:15 [ref. 31685], Menezes & Lucena 2014:193, 195 [ref. 33369], Menezes & Lucena 2014:193 [ref. 33369], Sarmiento et al. 2014:45, 184 [ref. 35004], Bertaco et al. 2016:413 [ref. 34561], Guimarães et al. 2018:83 [ref. 35775]). Current status: Valid as Charax Scopoli 1777. Characidae: Characinae.

Charaxodon Fernández-Yépez [A.] 1947:1 Masc. Charax metae Eigenmann 1922. Type by original designation. •Synonym of Charax Scopoli 1777 -- (Géry 1977:309 [ref. 1597] based on placement of type species, Lucena 1987:26 [ref. 17724], Lucena and Menezes in Reis et al. 2003:201 [ref. 27061], Menezes & Lucena 2014:195 [ref. 33369]). Current status: Synonym of Charax Scopoli 1777. Characidae: Characinae.

Cheirodon Girard [C. F.] 1855:199 Masc. Cheirodon pisciculus Girard 1855. Type by monotypy. Chirodon Günther 1864:332 [ref. 1974] is an unjustified emendation. •Valid as Cheirodon Girard 1855 -- (Fink & Weitzman 1974:3 [ref. 7132], Géry 1977:562, 570 [ref. 1597], Campos 1982:129 [ref. 8500], Arratia 1987 [ref. 6740], Malabarba 1989:133 [ref. 14217], Taphorn 1992:155 [ref. 23654], Malabarba 1998:210 [ref. 23844], Dyer 2000:84 [ref. 26678], Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:216 [ref. 27061], Miquelarena et al. 2008:60 [ref. 29829], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267], Mirande 2010:531 [ref. 31006], Oliveira et al. 2011:15 [ref. 31685], Sarmiento et al. 2014:184 [ref. 35004], Bertaco et al. 2016:413 [ref. 34561]). Current status: Valid as Cheirodon Girard 1855. Characidae: Cheirodontinae.

Cheirodontops Schultz [L. P.] 1944:319 Masc. Cheirodontops geayi Schultz 1944. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Cheirodontops Schultz 1944 -- (Géry 1977:546 [ref. 1597], Taphorn 1992:158 [ref. 23654], Malabarba 1998:220 [ref. 23844], Malabarba & Weitzman 1999:429 [ref. 24417], Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:216 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267], Mirande 2010:531 [ref. 31006]). Current status: Valid as Cheirodontops Schultz 1944. Characidae: Cheirodontinae.

Chrysobrycon Weitzman [S. H.] & Menezes [N. A.] 1998:187 Masc. Hysteronotus hesperus Böhlke 1958. Type by original designation. •Valid as Chrysobrycon Weitzman & Menezes 1998 -- (Weitzman in Reis et al. 2003:223 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Stevardiinae, Zarske 2010:84 [ref. 30919], Mirande 2010:533 [ref. 31006], Vanegas-Ríos et al. 2011:731 [ref. 31720], Vanegas-Ríos et al. 2014:291 [ref. 33375], Sarmiento et al. 2014:184 [ref. 35004], Thomaz et al. 2015:10 [ref. 33893] Stevardiinae, tribe Stevardiini, Vanegas-Ríos et al. 2015:171 [ref. 34047], Vanegas-Ríos & Urbano-Bonilla 2017:2344 [ref. 35265], Vanegas-Ríos 2017:17 [ref. 35531]). Current status: Valid as Chrysobrycon Weitzman & Menezes 1998. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Coelurichthys Miranda Ribeiro [A. de] 1908:[4] Masc. Coelurichthys iporangae Miranda Ribeiro 1908. Type by monotypy. On page 4, unpaginated. Spelled Coalurichthys with species; we select Coelurichthys over Coalurichthys if a first reviser is needed. •Valid as Coelurichthys Miranda Ribeiro 1908 -- (Géry 1977:362 [ref. 1597]). •Synonym of Mimagoniates Regan 1907 -- (Schultz 1959:7 [ref. 39721], Weitzman & Fink 1985:2 [ref. 5203], Malabarba 1998:229 [ref. 23844], Menezes & Weitzman 2009:323 [ref. 30495] in Glandulocaudinae). Current status: Synonym of Mimagoniates Regan 1907. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Compsura Eigenmann [C. H.] 1915:60 Fem. Compsura heterura Eigenmann 1915. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Misspelled Compsoura by Eigenmann 1917:37 [ref. 1236]. •Synonym of Cheirodon Girard 1855 -- (Fink & Weitzman 1974:3 [ref. 7132]). •Synonym of Cheirodon Girard 1855, but a valid subgenus Compsura -- (Géry 1977:574 [ref. 1597]). •Valid as Compsura Eigenmann 1915 -- (Malabarba 1998:219 [ref. 23844], Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:216 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267], Mirande 2010:531 [ref. 31006], Oliveira et al. 2011:15 [ref. 31685]). Current status: Valid as Compsura Eigenmann 1915. Characidae: Cheirodontinae.

Coptobrycon Géry [J.] 1966:226 Masc. Hasemania bilineata Ellis 1911. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Coptobrycon Géry 1966 -- (Géry 1977:402 [ref. 1597], Lima in Reis et al. 2003:121 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Gymnocharacinae, Mirande 2010:521 [ref. 31006], Langeani & Serra 2010:728 [ref. 31075]). Current status: Valid as Coptobrycon Géry 1966. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Corynopoma Gill [T. N.] 1858:425 Neut. Corynopoma riisei Gill 1858. Type by subsequent designation. Type apparently first designated by Jordan 1919:281 [ref. 2410]. Selected over Stevardia Gill 1858 by action of Günther (1864:287), see Weitzman & Fink 1985:2 [ref. 5203]. •Valid as Corynopoma Gill 1858 -- (Géry 1977:359 [ref. 1597], Weitzman & Fink 1985:1 et seq. [ref. 5203], Taphorn 1992:164 [ref. 23654], Weitzman & Menezes 1998:186 [ref. 23843], Weitzman in Reis et al. 2003:223 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Stevardiinae, Mirande 2010:533 [ref. 31006], Oliveira et al. 2011:16 [ref. 31685], Thomaz et al. 2015:4 [ref. 33893] Stevardiinae, tribe Stevardiini, Vanegas-Ríos 2017:16 [ref. 35531]). Current status: Valid as Corynopoma Gill 1858. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Corynopomops Fowler [H. W.] 1943:6 Masc. Corynopomops opisthopterus Fowler 1943. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Gephyrocharax Eigenmann 1912 -- (Weitzman & Fink 1985:2 [ref. 5203], Weitzman in Reis et al. 2003:224 [ref. 27061], Vanegas-Ríos 2016:6 [ref. 34359]). Current status: Synonym of Gephyrocharax Eigenmann 1912. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Creagrudite Myers [G. S.] 1927:117 Masc. Creagrudite maxillaris Myers 1927. Type by original designation. Treated as masculine, Art. 30.2.4. •Valid as Creagrudite Myers 1927 -- (Géry 1977:383 [ref. 1597]). •Synonym of Creagrutus Günther 1864 -- (Böhlke & Saul 1975 [ref. 7109], Vari & Harold 1998:256 [ref. 23845], Vari & Harold 2001:42 [ref. 25842], Vari & Harold in Reis et al. 2003:121 [ref. 27061]). Current status: Synonym of Creagrutus Günther 1864. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Creagrutops Schultz [L. P.] 1944:327 Masc. Creagrutops maracaiboensis Schultz 1944. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Creagrutops Schultz 1944 -- (Géry 1977:410 [ref. 1597]). •Synonym of Creagrutus Günther 1864 -- (Harold & Vari 1994:3 [ref. 21969], Vari & Harold 1998:256 [ref. 23845], Vari & Harold 2001:42 [ref. 25842], Vari & Harold in Reis et al. 2003:121 [ref. 27061]). Current status: Synonym of Creagrutus Günther 1864. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Creagrutus Günther [A.] 1864:339 Masc. Leporinus muelleri Günther 1859. Type by monotypy. •Valid as Creagrutus Günther 1864 -- (Böhlke & Saul 1975 [ref. 7109], Géry 1977:403 [ref. 1597], Mahnert & Géry 1988:5 [ref. 6407], Géry & Renno 1989 [ref. 13420], Taphorn 1992:167 [ref. 23654], Vari et al. 1993:351 [ref. 21107], Harold & Vari 1994:3 [ref. 21969], Vari & Harold 1998:245 [ref. 23845], Vari & Harold 2001:42 [ref. 25842], Almirón et al. 2001:38 [ref. 26609], Vari & Harold in Reis et al. 2003:121 [ref. 27061], Ribeiro et al. 2004:597 [ref. 27648], Torres-Mejia & Vari 2005:812 [ref. 28477], Román-Valencia & Cala 1997:144 [ref. 30645] with type specise as mulleri, Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Stevardiinae, Harold & Salcedo 2010:377 [ref. 30692], Román-Valencia et al. 2010:87 [ref. 30781], Mirande 2010:533 [ref. 31006], Oliveira et al. 2011:16 [ref. 31685], Dagosta & Pastana 2014:571 [ref. 33181], Sarmiento et al. 2014:184 [ref. 35004], Thomaz et al. 2015:8 [ref. 33893] in Stevardiinae, tribe Creagrutini, Netto-Ferreira & Vari 2017:368 [ref. 35453], Netto-Ferreira & Moreira 2018:250 [ref. 35759], Albornoz-Garzón et al. 2018:341 [ref. 36150], Flausino Junior & Lima 2019:1 [ref. 36726], Albornoz-Garzón et al. 2020:365 [ref. 37405], Ardila Rodríguez 2020:5 [ref. 37904], Ardila Rodríguez 2021:1 [ref. 38586], Ardila Rodríguez 2023:1 [ref. 40275], Ardila Rodríguez 2023:1 [ref. 40588]). Current status: Valid as Creagrutus Günther 1864. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Ctenobrycon Eigenmann [C. H.] 1908:94 Masc. Tetragonopterus hauxwellianus Cope 1870. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Ctenobrycon Eigenmann 1908 -- (Géry 1977:431 [ref. 1597], Taphorn 1992:176 [ref. 23654], Britski et al. 1999:36 [ref. 24147], Benine & Cassati in Reis et al. 2003:126 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] and Mirande 2010:514 [ref. 31006] in Characidae, Astyanax clade with question, Sarmiento et al. 2014:184 [ref. 35004], Bertaco et al. 2016:413 [ref. 34561]). Current status: Valid as Ctenobrycon Eigenmann 1908. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Ctenocharax Regan [C. T.] 1907:403 Masc. Ctenocharax bogotensis Regan 1907. Type by monotypy. See Malabarba 1998:229 [ref. 23844]. If a synonym of Grundulus Eigenmann 1915, then Ctenocharax bogotensis is a secondary homonym of Poecilia bogotensis Humboldt 1821 in Grundulus. •Synonym of Grundulus Valenciennes 1846 -- (Román-Valencia et al. 2003:51 [ref. 27035], Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:128 [ref. 27061]). Current status: Synonym of Grundulus Valenciennes 1846. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Ctenocheirodon Malabarba [L. R.] & Jerep [F. C.] 2012:243 Masc. Ctenocheirodon pristis Malabarba & Jerep 2012. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Ctenocheirodon Malabarba & Jerep 2012. Current status: Valid as Ctenocheirodon Malabarba & Jerep 2012. Characidae: Cheirodontinae.

Cyanocharax Malabarba [L. R.] & Weitzman [S. H.] 2003:95 Masc. Cyanocharax macropinna Malabarba & Weitzman 2003. Type by original designation. •Valid as Cyanocharax Malabarba & Weitzman 2003 -- (Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Stevardiinae, Mirande 2010:533 [ref. 31006], Oliveira et al. 2011:16 [ref. 31685], Casciotta et al. 2012:39 [ref. 32076], Protogino & Miquelarena 2012:581 [ref. 32123]). •Synonym of Diapoma Cope 1894 -- (Thomaz et al. 2015:20 [ref. 33893]). Current status: Synonym of Diapoma Cope 1894. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Cyanogaster Mattox [G. M. T.], Britz [R.], Toledo-Piza [M.] & Marinho [M. M. F.] 2013:300 Fem. Cyanogaster noctivaga Mattox, Britz, Toledo-Piza & Marinho 2013. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Cyanogaster Oken 1823 and Blainville 1825 in Mollusca are not available, so Cyanogaster in fishes in maintained (see Britz et al. 99-100 [ref. 32761]). •Valid as Cyanogaster Mattox, Britz, Toledo-Piza & Marinho 2013 -- (Thomaz et al. 2015:4 [ref. 33893] incertae sedis in Stevardiinae). Current status: Valid as Cyanogaster Mattox, Britz, Toledo-Piza & Marinho 2013. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Cynocharax (subgenus of Roeboides) Fowler [H. W.] 1907:457 Masc. Anacyrtus affinis Günther 1868. Type by original designation. •Synonym of Roeboides Günther 1864 -- (Taphorn 1992:315 [ref. 2365], Lucena and Menezes in Reis et al. 2003:204 [ref. 27061]). Current status: Synonym of Roeboides Günther 1864. Characidae: Characinae.

Cynopotamus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1850:317 Masc. Hydrocyon argenteus Valenciennes 1847. Type by subsequent designation. Type designated by Eigenmann 1912:403 [ref. 1227]. •Valid as Cynopotamus Valenciennes 1850 -- (Menezes 1976:22 [ref. 7073] in subfamily Cynopotaminae, Géry 1977:306 [ref. 1597], Menezes 1987:1 [ref. 8072], Taphorn 1992:179 [ref. 23654], Braga 1994:7 [ref. 27878], Britski et al. 1999:52 [ref. 24147], Lucena and Menezes in Reis et al. 2003:202 [ref. 27061], Menezes 2007:55 [ref. 29297], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Characinae, Mirande 2010:490 [ref. 31006], Oliveira et al. 2011:15 [ref. 31685], Sarmiento et al. 2014:184 [ref. 35004], Bertaco et al. 2016:413 [ref. 34561]). Current status: Valid as Cynopotamus Valenciennes 1850. Characidae: Characinae.

Cyrtocharax Fowler [H. W.] 1907:454 Masc. Anacrytus [sic] limaesquamis Cope 1878. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Cynopotamus Valenciennes 1850 -- (Menezes 1976:22 [ref. 7073], Taphorn 1992:179 [ref. 23654], Braga 1994:9 [ref. 27878], Lucena and Menezes in Reis et al. 2003:202 [ref. 27061], Menezes 2007:23 [ref. 29171]). Current status: Synonym of Cynopotamus Valenciennes 1850. Characidae: Characinae.

Dectobrycon Zarske [A.] & Géry [J.] 2006:32 Masc. Dectobrycon armeniacus Zarske & Géry 2006. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Dectobrycon Zarske & Géry 2006 -- (Mirande 2009:11 [ref. 30267] as incertae sedis in Characidae, Mirande 2010:545 [ref. 31006]). Current status: Valid as Dectobrycon Zarske & Géry 2006. Characidae: Characids incertae sedis.

Dermatocheir Durbin [M. L.] 1909:55 Fem. Dermatocheir catablepta Durbin 1909. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Based on a larval specimen. •Synonym of Hyphessobrycon Durbin 1908 -- (Géry 1977:462 [ref. 1597] based on placement of type species, Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:134 [ref. 27061]). •Genus inquirenda -- (Toledo-Piza et al. 2024:287 [ref. 40817]). Current status: Uncertain. Characidae.

Deuterodon Eigenmann [C. H.] in Eigenmann, McAtee & Ward 1907:140 Masc. Deuterodon iguape Eigenmann 1907. Type by monotypy. •Valid as Deuterodon Eigenmann 1907 -- (Géry 1977:519 [ref. 1597], Géry et al. 1988:10 [ref. 6408], Lucena & Lucena 1992:126 [ref. 21970], Britski et al. 1999:36 [ref. 24147], Lucena & Lucena 2002:117 [ref. 26205], Lucena et al. in Reis et al. 2003:127 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Hemigrammus clade, Mirande 2010:500 [ref. 31006] in Characidae, Tetragonopterinae, de Lucena & de Lucena 2013:598 [ref. 32570], Sarmiento et al. 2014:184 [ref. 35004], Bertaco et al. 2016:413 [ref. 34561], Silva et al. 2017:[1] [ref. 35234], Terán et al. 2020:7 [ref. 37440]). Current status: Valid as Deuterodon Eigenmann 1907. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Diapoma Cope [E. D.] 1894:67 Neut. Diapoma speculiferum Cope 1894. Type by monotypy. •Valid as Diapoma Cope 1894 -- (Géry 1977:359 [ref. 1597], Weitzman & Fink 1985:1 et seq. [ref. 5203], Weitzman et al. 1988:383 [ref. 13557], Malabarba 1989:134 [ref. 14217], Weitzman & Menezes 1998:184 [ref. 23843], Weitzman in Reis et al. 2003:224 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Stevardiinae, Mirande 2010:533 [ref. 31006], Menezes & Weitzman 2011:59, 60 [ref. 31289], Thomaz et al. 2015:8 [ref. 33893] in Stevardiinae, tribe Diapomini, Bertaco et al. 2016:413 [ref. 34561], Vanegas‐Ríos et al. 2018:[1] [ref. 36145], Ito et al. 2022:1 [ref. 39124]). Current status: Valid as Diapoma Cope 1894. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Dinotopterygium Frainer [G.], Carvalho [F. R.], Bertaco [V. A.] & Malabarba [L. R.] 2021:3 Neut. Dinotopterygium uniodon Frainer, Carvalho, Bertaco & Malabarba 2021. Type by original designation. •Valid as Dinotopterygium Frainer, Carvalho, Bertaco & Malabarba 2021. Current status: Valid as Dinotopterygium Frainer, Carvalho, Bertaco & Malabarba 2021. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Distoechus Gomes [A. L.] 1947:12 Masc. Distoechus stigmaturus Gomes 1947. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Deuterodon Eigenmann 1907 -- (Böhlke 1952:793 [ref. 13618], Lucena & Lucena 1992:147 [ref. 21970], see Malabarba 1998:232 [ref. 23844], Lucena & Lucena 2002:124 [ref. 26205], Lucena et al. in Reis et al. 2003:127 [ref. 27061]). Current status: Synonym of Deuterodon Eigenmann 1907. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Ectrepopterus (subgenus of Megalamphodus) Fowler [H. W.] 1943:313 Masc. Megalamphodus uruguayensis Fowler 1943. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Megalamphodus Eigenmann 1915 -- (Taphorn 1992:251 [ref. 23654]). •Synonym of Hyphessobrycon Durbin 1908 -- (see Malabarba 1998:231 [ref. 23844], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:134 [ref. 27061]). •Valid as Ectrepopterus Fowler 1943 -- (Malabarba et al. 2012:47, 49 [ref. 31810]). Current status: Valid as Ectrepopterus Fowler 1943. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Entomolepis Eigenmann [C. H.] 1917:63 Fem. Tetragonopterus steindachneri Eigenmann 1893. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Entomolepis Brady 1889 in Crustacea; replaced by Bario Myers 1940. •Synonym of Bario Myers 1940 -- (Benine in Reis et al. 2003:114 [ref. 27061]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Bario Myers 1940. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Ephippicharax Fowler [H. W.] 1913:51 Masc. Tetragonopterus compressus Günther 1864. Type by being a replacement name. Replacement for Fowlerina Eigenmann 1908, preoccupied by Fowlerina Pelseneer 1906 in Mollusca. •Synonym of Poptella Eigenmann 1908 -- (Géry 1977:367 [ref. 1597], Reis 1989:18 [ref. 14219], Taphorn 1992:302 [ref. 23654], Reis in Reis et al. 2003:210 [ref. 27061]). Current status: Synonym of Poptella Eigenmann 1908. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Epicyrtus Müller [J.] & Troschel [F. H.] 1844:92 Masc. Salmo gibbosus Linnaeus 1758. Type by monotypy. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Epicyrtus Dejean 1833 in Coleoptera, replaced by Anacyrtus Günther 1864. •Synonym of Charax Scopoli 1777 -- (Lucena 1987:26 [ref. 17724], Taphorn 1992:152 [ref. 23654], Lucena and Menezes in Reis et al. 2003:200 [ref. 27061], Menezes & Lucena 2014:195 [ref. 33369]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Charax Scopoli 1777. Characidae: Characinae.

Eretmobrycon Fink [W. L.] 1976:332 Masc. Eretmobrycon bayano Fink 1976. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Bryconamericus Eigenmann 1907 -- (Román-Valencia 2000:462 [ref. 25256], Silva in Reis et al. 2003:115 [ref. 27061]). •Valid as Eretmobrycon Fink 1976 -- (Thomaz et al. 2015:8 [ref. 33893] in Stevardiinae, tribe Eretmobryconini, García-Melo et al. 2019:12 [ref. 36761], Terán et al. 2020:6 [ref. 37440]). Current status: Valid as Eretmobrycon Fink 1976. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Erythrocharax Netto-Ferreira [A. L.], Birindelli [J. L. O.], Sousa [L. M. de], Mariguela [T. C.] & Oliveira [C.] 2013:2 Masc. Erythrocharax altipinnis Netto-Ferreira, Birindelli, Sousa, Mariguela & Oliveira 2013. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Erythrocharax Netto-Ferreira, Birindelli, Sousa, Mariguela & Oliveira 2013 -- (Frainer et al. 2021:11 [ref. 38777]). Current status: Valid as Erythrocharax Netto-Ferreira, Birindelli, Sousa, Mariguela & Oliveira 2013. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Eucynopotamus Fowler [H. W.] 1904:119 Masc. Cynopotamus biserialis Garman 1890. Type by being a replacement name. Replacement for Evermannella Eigenmann 1903, preoccupied by Evermannella Fowler 1901 in fishes. •Valid as Eucynopotamus Fowler 1904 -- (Géry 1977:315 [ref. 1597]). •Synonym of Roeboides Günther 1864 -- (Lucena and Menezes in Reis et al. 2003:204 [ref. 27061]). Current status: Synonym of Roeboides Günther 1864. Characidae: Characinae.

Evenichthys Whitley [G. P.] 1935:250 Masc. Tetragonopterus (Aequidens) fasslii Steindachner 1915. Type by being a replacement name. Replacement for Aequidens Steindachner 1915, preoccupied by Aequidens Eigenmann & Bray 1894. Misspelled Evemichthys in Zoological Record for 1935. Written in Stanford reprint of Steindachner 1915: "Aequidens Stdr. 1915 was a lapsus calami for Astyanax." •Synonym of Astyanax Baird & Girard 1854 -- (Buckup in Reis et al. 2003:107 [ref. 27061]). Current status: Synonym of Astyanax Baird & Girard 1854. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Evermannella Eigenmann [C. H.] 1903:146 Fem. Cynopotamus biserialis Garman 1890. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Evermannella Fowler 1901 in fishes; replaced by Eucynopotamus Fowler 1904 and by Evermannolus Eigenmann in Eigenmann & Ogle 1907. •In the synonymy of Roeboides Günther 1864 -- (Lucena and Menezes in Reis et al. 2003:204 [ref. 27061]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Roeboides Günther 1864. Characidae: Characinae.

Evermannolus Eigenmann [C. H.] in Eigenmann & Ogle 1907:2, 3 Masc. Cynopotamus biserialis Garman 1890. Type by being a replacement name. Replacement for Evermannella Eigenmann 1903, preoccupied by Evermannella Fowler 1901 in fishes; objective synonym of earlier replacement Eucynopotamus Fowler 1904. •Synonym of Roeboides Günther 1864 -- (Lucena and Menezes in Reis et al. 2003:205 [ref. 27061]). Current status: Synonym of Roeboides Günther 1864. Characidae: Characinae.

Exodon Müller [J.] & Troschel [F. H.] 1844:91 Masc. Exodon paradoxus Müller & Troschel 1844. Type by monotypy. Also appeared as new in Müller & Troschel 1845:16 [ref. 3071]. Also as new in Müller & Troschel 1848:634 [ref. 3972]. Apparently not preoccupied, Hystricodon Günther 1864 is an unneeded replacement. •Valid as Exodon Müller & Troschel 1844 -- (Géry 1977:318 [ref. 1597], Lucena in Reis et al. 2003:127 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Characinae with question, Mirande 2010:490 [ref. 31006], Oliveira et al. 2011:15 [ref. 31685] unplaced in Characidae). Current status: Valid as Exodon Müller & Troschel 1844. Characidae: Exodontinae.

Fowlerina Eigenmann [C. H.] 1907:771 Fem. Tetragonopterus compressus Günther 1864. Type by monotypy. Probably appeared first in Eigenmann, McAtee & Ward 1907:153 [ref. 1261] with 2 included species. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Fowlerina Pelseneer 1906 in Mollusca, replaced by Ephippicharax Fowler 1913. •In the synonymy of Poptella Eigenmann 1908 -- (Reis 1989:18 [ref. 14219], Taphorn 1992:302 [ref. 23654], Reis in Reis et al. 2003:210 [ref. 27061]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Poptella Eigenmann 1908. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Galeocharax Fowler [H. W.] 1910:790 Masc. Cynopotamus gulo Cope 1870. Type by original designation. •Valid as Galeocharax Fowler 1910 -- (Menezes 1976:40 [ref. 7073] in subfamily Cynopotaminae, Taphorn 1992:185 [ref. 23654], Braga 1994:7 [ref. 27878], Britski et al. 1999:52 [ref. 24147], Lucena and Menezes in Reis et al. 2003:203 [ref. 27061], Menezes 2007:21 [ref. 29171], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Characinae, Mirande 2010:490 [ref. 31006], Oliveira et al. 2011:15 [ref. 31685], Sarmiento et al. 2014:184 [ref. 35004], Bertaco et al. 2016:413 [ref. 34561], Giovannetti et al. 2017:[3] [ref. 35215]). Current status: Valid as Galeocharax Fowler 1910. Characidae: Characinae.

Genycharax Eigenmann [C. H.] 1912:22 Masc. Genycharax tarpon Eigenmann 1912. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Genycharax Eigenmann 1912 -- (Géry 1977:531 [ref. 1597], Pavanelli in Reis et al. 2003:128 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:11 [ref. 30267] as incertae sedis in Characidae, Mirande 2010:545 [ref. 31006]). Current status: Valid as Genycharax Eigenmann 1912. Characidae: Characids incertae sedis.

Gephyrocharax Eigenmann [C. H.] 1912:23 Masc. Gephyrocharax chocoensis Eigenmann 1912. Type by original designation. •Valid as Gephyrocharax Eigenmann 1912 -- (Géry 1977:358 [ref. 1597], Weitzman & Fink 1985:1 et seq. [ref. 5203], Taphorn 1992:188 [ref. 23654], Weitzman & Menezes 1998:186 [ref. 23843], Weitzman in Reis et al. 2003:224 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Stevardiinae, Mirande 2010:533 [ref. 31006], Oliveira et al. 2011:16 [ref. 31685], Vanegas-Ríos & Phillip 2013:1329 [ref. 34415], Sarmiento et al. 2014:184 [ref. 35004], Thomaz et al. 2015:8 [ref. 33893] Stevardiinae, tribe Stevardiini, Vanegas-Ríos 2016:6 [ref. 34359], Vanegas-Ríos 2017:1 [ref. 35531], Ferreira et al. 2018:161 [ref. 35911]). Current status: Valid as Gephyrocharax Eigenmann 1912. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Glandulocauda Eigenmann [C. H.] 1911:168 Fem. Glandulocauda melanogenys Eigenmann 1911. Type by original designation. •Valid as Glandulocauda Eigenmann 1911 -- (Géry 1977:362 [ref. 1597], Weitzman & Fink 1985:1 et seq. [ref. 5203], Weitzman et al. 1988:384 [ref. 13557], Menezes & Weitzman 1990:384 [ref. 16172], Weitzman & Menezes 1998:183 [ref. 23843], Weitzman in Reis et al. 2003:224 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267] and Mirande 2010:533 [ref. 31006] in Characidae, Stevardiinae, Menezes et al. 2008:33 [ref. 31161], Menezes & Weitzman 2009:309 [ref. 30495] in Glandulocaudinae, Oliveira et al. 2011:16 [ref. 31685], Thomaz et al. 2015:8 [ref. 33893] in Stevardiinae, tribe Glandulocaudini). Current status: Valid as Glandulocauda Eigenmann 1911. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Gnathoplax Myers [G. S.] 1960:209 Fem. Exodon guyanensis Puyo 1948. Type by original designation (also monotypic). See nomenclatural discussion in Lucena & Lucinda in Reis et al. 2003:155-156 [ref. 27061] and in Moreira & Lima 2011:315 [ref. 31389] •Synonym of Roeboexodon Géry 1959 -- (Géry 1977:322 [ref. 1597] based on placement of type species). •Genus inquirendum -- (Lucena & Lucinda in Reis et al. 2003:156 [ref. 27061]). •Genus inquirendum in Characidae -- (Reis et al. 2003:159 [ref. 27061]). •Synonym of Roeboexodon Géry 1959 -- (Moreira & Lima 2011:313 [ref. 31389]). Current status: Synonym of Roeboexodon Géry 1959. Characidae: Exodontinae.

Grammabrycon Fowler [H. W.] 1941:190 Masc. Grammabrycon calverti Fowler 1941. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Phenacogaster Eigenmann 1907 -- (see Böhlke 1984:44 [ref. 13621], Lucena and Menezes in Reis et al. 2003:204 [ref. 27061]). Current status: Synonym of Phenacogaster Eigenmann 1907. Characidae: Characinae.

Grundulus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1846:216 Masc. Poecilia bogotensis Humboldt 1821. Type by monotypy. •Valid as Grundulus Valenciennes 1846 -- (Géry 1977:607 [ref. 1597], Malabarba 1998:228 [ref. 23844], Román-Valencia et al. 2003:52 [ref. 27035], Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:128 [ref. 27061], Román-Valencia et al. 2005:537 [ref. 28433], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Gymnocharacinae, Román-Valencia et al. 2010:107 [ref. 30946] in Characidae incertae sedis, Langeani & Serra 2010:732 [ref. 31075]). Current status: Valid as Grundulus Valenciennes 1846. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Gymnocharacinus Steindachner [F.] 1903:20 Masc. Gymnocharacinus bergii Steindachner 1903. Type by monotypy. •Valid as Gymnocharacinus Steindachner 1903 -- (Géry 1977:535 [ref. 1597], Miquelarena & Arámburu 1983:491 [ref. 27442] as bergi, Pavanelli in Reis et al. 2003:128 [ref. 27061], Koerber & Ortubay 2004:5 [ref. 28031], Miquelarena et al. 2005:511 [ref. 28249], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Gymnocharacinae, Mirande 2010:521 [ref. 31006]). Current status: Valid as Gymnocharacinus Steindachner 1903. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Gymnocorymbus Eigenmann [C. H.] 1908:93 Masc. Gymnocorymbus thayeri Eigenmann 1908. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Gymnocorymbus Eigenmann 1908 -- (Géry 1977:451 [ref. 1597], Taphorn 1992:194 [ref. 23654], Britski et al. 1999:32 [ref. 24147], Zarske & Géry 2002:17 [ref. 26554], Benine 2002:292 [ref. 26541], Benine in Reis et al. 2003:128 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Stethaprioninae, Mirande 2010:500 [ref. 31006] in Characidae, Tetragonopterinae, Kottelat 2013:215 [ref. 32989] in Characidae, Sarmiento et al. 2014:184 [ref. 35004], Benine et al. 2015:1, 10 [ref. 33792]). Current status: Valid as Gymnocorymbus Eigenmann 1908. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Gymnotichthys Fernández-Yépez [A.] 1950:9 Masc. Gymnotichthys hildae Fernández-Yépez 1950. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Mentioned in Gymnotichthys -- (Géry 1977:451 [ref. 1597]). •Valid as Gymnotichthys Fernández-Yépez 1950 -- (Pavanelli in Reis et al. 2003:128 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:11 [ref. 30267] as incertae sedis in Characidae, Mirande 2010:546 [ref. 31006]). •Synonym of Moenkhausia Eigenmann 1903 -- (Marinho & Langeani 2016:340 [ref. 34416]). Current status: Synonym of Moenkhausia Eigenmann 1903. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Hasemania Ellis [M. D.] 1911:148 Fem. Hasemania melanura Ellis 1911. Type by original designation. •Valid as Hasemania Ellis 1911 -- (Géry 1977:518 [ref. 1597], Lima & Gerhard 2001:111 [ref. 25355], Pavanelli in Reis et al. 2003:128 [ref. 27061], Bertaco & Malabarba 2007:350 [ref. 29142], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Hemigrammus clade, Zanata & Serra 2010:21 [ref. 30751], Bertaco & Carvalho 2010:27 [ref. 30752], Mirande 2010:500 [ref. 31006] in Characidae, Tetragonopterinae, Sarmiento et al. 2014:184 [ref. 35004], Serra & Langeani 2015:479 [ref. 33944]). Current status: Valid as Hasemania Ellis 1911. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Hemibrycon (subgenus of Tetragonopterus) Günther [A.] 1864:318, 330 Masc. Tetragonopterus polyodon Günther 1864. Type by monotypy. Described in key (p. 318) as section or subgenus of Tetragonopterus with corresponding species on p. 330. •Valid as Hemibrycon Günther 1864 -- (Géry 1977:378 [ref. 1597], Taphorn 1992:197 [ref. 23654], Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:129 [ref. 27061], Román-Valencia et al. 2006:209 [ref. 28983], Román-Valencia et al. 2007:180 [ref. 29496], Román-Valencia & Arcila-Mesa 2008:74 [ref. 29744], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Stevardiinae, Román-Valencia & Arcila-Mesa 2009:78 [ref. 30718], Román-Valencia et al. 2009:27 [ref. 30722], Román-Valencia & Arcila-Mesa 2010:339 [ref. 30721], Román-Valencia et al. 2010:99 [ref. 30945], Mirande 2010:533 [ref. 31006], Bertaco & Malabarba 2010:738 [ref. 31076], Oliveira et al. 2011:16 [ref. 31685], Román-Valencia et al. 2013:1365 [ref. 32877], Sarmiento et al. 2014:184 [ref. 35004], García-Alzate et al. 2015:89 [ref. 33838], Thomaz et al. 2015:8 [ref. 33893] in Stevardiinae, tribe Hemibryconini, García-Melo et al. 2018:[1] [ref. 35894], Román-Valencia et al. 2018:38 [ref. 36348], García-Melo et al. 2019:13 [ref. 36761], Ardila Rodríguez 2020:1 [ref. 37579], Ruiz-C. et al. 2023:215 [ref. 40482]). Current status: Valid as Hemibrycon Günther 1864. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Hemigrammus (subgenus of Poecilurichthys) Gill [T. N.] 1858:416, 420 Masc. Poecilurichthys (Hemigrammus) unilineatus Gill 1858. Type by monotypy in subgenus. See Benine et al. 2004:72 [ref. 27502]. •Valid as Hemigrammus Gill 1858 -- (Géry 1977:490 [ref. 1597], Taphorn 1992:200 [ref. 23654], Britski et al. 1999:39 [ref. 24147]. Lima & Oyakawa in Reis et al. 2003:130 [ref. 27061], Bertaco & Carvalho 2005:141 [ref. 28675], Zarske et al. 2006:23 [ref. 28749], Zarske & Géry 2007:6 [ref. 29231], Benine & Lopes 2007:53 [ref. 29305], Marinho et al.2008:52 [ref. 29547], Britski & Lima 2008:565 [ref. 29801], Lima et al. 2009:153 [ref. 30248], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Hemigrammus clade, Lima & Sousa 2009:153 [ref. 30278], Marinho & Langeani 2010:887 [ref. 30927], Mirande 2010:500 [ref. 31006] in Characidae, Tetragonopterinae, Mendonça & Wosiacki 2011:211 [ref. 31415], Zarske 2011:3 [ref. 31376], Jerep et al. 2011:545 [ref. 31705]. Marinho et al. 2014:257 [ref. 33372], Ota et al. 2014:265 [ref. 33373], Sarmiento et al. 2014:46, 184 [ref. 35004], Ota et al. 2015:218 [ref. 33748], Lima et al. 2016:123 [ref. 34590], Reia & Benine 2019:407 [ref. 36527], Ota et al. 2019:335 [ref. 36619], Albornoz-Garzón et al. 2019:932 [ref. 36872], Lima et al. 2020:1 [ref. 37339]). Current status: Valid as Hemigrammus Gill 1858. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Heterocheirodon Malabarba [L. R.] 1998:213 Masc. Odontostilbe yatai Casciotta, Miquelarena & Protogino 1992. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Heterocheirodon Malabarba 1998 -- (Malabarba & Bertaco 1999:90 [ref. 24149], Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:217 [ref. 27061], Miquelarena et al. 2008:52 [ref. 29829], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267], Mirande 2010:531 [ref. 31006], Oliveira et al. 2011:15 [ref. 31685], Malabarba & Jerep 2012:249 [ref. 32057], Bertaco et al. 2016:413 [ref. 34561]). Current status: Valid as Heterocheirodon Malabarba 1998. Characidae: Cheirodontinae.

Holesthes Eigenmann [C. H.] 1915:83 Fem. Chirodon pequira Steindachner 1882. Unjustified emendation of Holoshesthes Eigenmann 1903, not an incorrect original spelling [Art. 32.5]. •In the synonymy of Odontostilbe Cope 1870 -- (Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:217 [ref. 27061], Chuctaya & Malabarba 2024:239 [ref. 40817]). •In the synonymy of Holoshesthes Eigenmann 1903. Unjustified Emend.. Current status: Synonym of Holoshesthes Eigenmann 1903. Characidae: Cheirodontinae.

Hollandichthys Eigenmann [C. H.] 1909:257 Masc. Tetragonopterus multifasciatus Eigenmann & Norris 1900. Type by monotypy. Type species mentioned on p. 374. Also published in Eigenmann 1010:432 [ref. 1224] with type. •Synonym of Pseudochalceus Kner 1863, but a valid subgenus -- (Zarske & Géry 2006:39 [ref. 28750]). •Valid as Hollandichthys Eigenmann 1909 -- (Weitzman et al. 1986:343 [ref. 5984], Oyakawa in Reis et al. 2003:134 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Bramocharax clade, Román-Valencia et al. 2010:99 [ref. 30945] as Hollandicthys, Thomaz et al. 2010:1347 [ref. 31210], Mirande 2010:496 [ref. 31006] in Characidae, Pseudochalceus clade, Malabarba et al. 2012:48 [ref. 31810], Bertaco & Malabarba 2013:767 [ref. 33026], Bertaco et al. 2016:413 [ref. 34561], Bertaco 2022:102 [ref. 40102]). Current status: Valid as Hollandichthys Eigenmann 1909. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Holoprion Eigenmann [C. H.] 1903:145 Masc. Chirodon agassizii Steindachner 1882. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Correct spelling for genus of type is Cheirodon. •Synonym of Aphyocharax Günther 1868 -- (Géry 1977:351 [ref. 1597], Malabarba 1998:229 [ref. 23844], Lima in Reis et al. 2003:197 [ref. 27061]). Current status: Synonym of Aphyocharax Günther 1868. Characidae: Aphyocharacinae.

Holopristis Eigenmann [C. H.] 1903:145 Fem. Tetragonopterus ocellifer Steindachner 1882. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Unjustifiably emended or misspelled Holopristes by Eigenmann & Ogle 1907:11 [ref. 1266]. •Synonym of Hemigrammus Gill 1858 -- (Taphorn 1992:200 [ref. 23654], Lima & Oyakawa in Reis et al. 2003:130 [ref. 27061]). Current status: Synonym of Hemigrammus Gill 1858. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Holoshesthes Eigenmann [C. H.] 1903:144 Fem. Chirodon pequira Steindachner 1882. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Emended to Holesthes by Eigenmann 1915:83 [ref. 1231] and spelled Holoesthes by Eigenmann 1917:35 [ref. 1236]. Correct spelling for genus of type is Cheirodon. •Synonym of Odontostilbe Cope 1870 -- (Malabarba 1998:215 [ref. 23844], Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:217 [ref. 27061], Bührnheim & Malabarba 2006:193 [ref. 28728], Chuctaya & Malabarba 2024:239 [ref. 40817]). •Valid as Holoshesthes Eigenmann 1903 -- (Géry 1977:551 [ref. 1597], Britski et al. 1999:47 [ref. 24147], Mirande 2018:294 [ref. 35990]). Current status: Valid as Holoshesthes Eigenmann 1903. Characidae: Cheirodontinae.

Hybocharax (subgenus of Cynopotamus) Géry [J.] & Vu [T.-T.] 1963:240 Masc. Cynopotamus bipunctatus Pellegrin 1909. Type by original designation. •Synonym of Cynopotamus Valenciennes 1849, but a valid subgenus Hybocharax as described -- (Géry 1977:306 [ref. 1597]). •Synonym of Cynopotamus Valenciennes 1850 -- (Menezes 1976:22 [ref. 7073] in subfamily Cynopotaminae, Taphorn 1992:179 [ref. 23654], Braga 1994:9 [ref. 27878], Lucena and Menezes in Reis et al. 2003:202 [ref. 27061]). Current status: Synonym of Cynopotamus Valenciennes 1850. Characidae: Characinae.

Hyphessobrycon (subgenus of Hemigrammus) Durbin [C. H.] in Eigenmann 1908:100 Masc. Hemigrammus compressus Meek 1904. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Genus credited to Durbin based on footnote on p. 99. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon Dubin 1908 -- (Géry 1977:458 [ref. 1597], Malabarba 1989:134 [ref. 14217], Taphorn 1992:239 [ref. 23654], Costa & Géry 1994 [ref. 21308], Weitzman & Palmer 1997:209 [ref. 22743], Britski et al. 1999:41 [ref. 24147], Lima & Gerhard 2001:111 [ref. 25355], Moreira et al. 2002:73 [ref. 26068], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:134 [ref. 27061], Almirón et al. 2004:673 [ref. 27987], Bertaco & Malabarba 2005:83 [ref. 28297], Zarske et al. 2006:25 [ref. 28749], Zarske & Géry 2006:43 [ref. 28750], Carvalho & Bertaco 2006:301 [ref. 28812], Miquelarena & López 2006:817 [ref. 29070], Almirón et al. 2006:889 [ref. 29163], Scharpf 2006:14 [ref. 30386], Carvalo et al. 2008:39 [ref. 29435], Benine & Lopes 2008:61 [ref. 29589], Zarske 2008:5 [ref. 29615], García-Alzate et al. 2008:142 [ref. 29919], García-Alzate & Román-Valencia 2008:12 [ref. 30008], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, in Hemigrammus clade, Hein 2009:2 [ref. 30362], García-Alzate et al. 2010:55 [ref. 30716], Miquelarena & López 2010:1 [ref. 30749], García-Alzate et al. 2010:801 [ref. 30824], Mirande 2010:500 [ref. 31006] in Characidae, Tetragonopterinae, García-Alzate et al. 2010:444 [ref. 31066], Zanata & Camelier 2010:771 [ref. 31077], García-Alzate et al. 2011:709 [ref. 31266], Zarske 2011:9 [ref. 31376], Malabarba et al. 2012:48 [ref. 31810], García-Alzate et al. 2013:189 [ref. 32440], Ingenito et al. 2013: 33 [ref. 32568], García-Alzate et al. 2013:859 [ref. 32692], Carvalho & Langeani 2013:525 [ref. 32913], Dagosta et al. 2014:365 [ref. 33382], Teixeira et al. 2014:612 [ref. 33097], Carvalho et al. 2014:247 [ref. 33371], Lima et al. 2014:167 [ref. 33535], Sarmiento et al. 2014:184 [ref. 35004], Ohara & Lima 2015:562 [ref. 33846], García-Alzate et al. 2015:222 [ref. 33855], Zarske 2015:288 [ref. 34028], Bragança et al. 2015:255 [ref. 34051], Teixeira et al. 2016:459 [ref. 34088], Dagosta et al. 2016:250 [ref. 34377], Lima & Flausino Junior 2016:89 [ref. 34408], Marinho et al. 2016:510 [ref. 34591], Pastana & Ohara 2016:386 [ref. 34716], Zarske 2016:105 [ref. 34774], Bertaco et al. 2016:413 [ref. 34561], Ohara et al. 2017:242 [ref. 35067], García-Alzate et al. 2017:123 [ref. 35253], Ohara et al. 2017:1 [ref. 35494], Carvalho et al. 2017:1 [ref. 35509], Moreira & Lima 2017:123 [ref. 35562], Pastana et al. 2017:1 [ref. 35596], Camelier et al. 2018:[1] [ref. 35836], Zanata et al. 2018:[1] [ref. 35863], Faria et al. 2018:1 [ref. 35883], Guimarães et al. 2018:79 [ref. 35965], Guimarães et al. 2019:345 [ref. 36774], Ohara et al. 2019:561 [ref. 37197], Teixeira et al. 2019:140 [ref. 37142], Ota et al. 2020:401 [ref. 37391], García-Alzate et al. 2020:[1] [ref. 37414], Faria et al. 2020:369 [ref. 37543], Faria et al. 2020:275 [ref. 37838], Guimarães et al. 2020:77 [ref. 37899], Faria et al. 2021:1 [ref. 38179], Lima et al. 2022:253 [ref. 39116], Dagosta et al. 2022:1 [ref. 39143], Ardila Rodríguez 2022:1 [ref. 39172], Ardila Rodríguez 2022:1 [ref. 39810], Elías et al. 2023:3 [ref. 39863]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon Durbin 1908. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Hypobrycon Malabarba [M. C. S. L.] & Malabarba [L. R.] 1994:20 Masc. Hypobrycon maromba Malabarba & Malabarba 1994. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Hypobrycon Malabarba & Malabarba 1994 -- (Almirón et al. 2001:38 [ref. 26609], Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:141 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267] and Mirande 2010:533 [ref. 31006] in Characidae, Stevardiinae with question, Oliveira et al. 2011:16 [ref. 31685]). •Synonym of Bryconamericus Eigenmann 1907 -- (Thomaz et al. 2015:20 [ref. 33893]). Current status: Synonym of Bryconamericus Eigenmann 1907. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Hysteronotus Eigenmann [C. H.] 1911:171 Masc. Hysteronotus megalostomus Eigenmann 1911. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Hysteronotus Eigenmann 1911 -- (Géry 1977:358 [ref. 1597], Weitzman & Fink 1985:1 et seq. [ref. 5203], Weitzman & Menezes 1998:186 [ref. 23843], Weitzman in Reis et al. 2003:224 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Stevardiinae, Mirande 2010:533 [ref. 31006], Thomaz et al. 2015:4 [ref. 33893] Stevardiinae, tribe Hysteronotini, Sarmiento et al. 2014:184 [ref. 35004], Menezes et al. 2016:495 [ref. 34593]). Current status: Valid as Hysteronotus Eigenmann 1911. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Hystricodon Günther [A.] 1864:349 Masc. Exodon paradoxus Müller & Troschel 1844. Type by being a replacement name. Unneeded replacement for Exodon, wrongly thought preoccupied. •Objective synonym of Exodon Müller & Troschel 1844 -- (Lucena in Reis et al. 2003:127 [ref. 27061]). Current status: Synonym of Exodon Müller & Troschel 1844. Characidae: Exodontinae.

Inpaichthys Géry [J.] & Junk [W. J.] 1977:417 Masc. Inpaichthys kerri Géry & Junk 1977. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Inpaichthys Géry & Junk 1977 -- (Lima in Reis et al. 2003:141 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Aphyocharacinae, Mirande 2010:524 [ref. 31006], Tagliacollo et al. 2012:298 [ref. 31996] but excluded from Aphyocharacinae, Ferreira et al. 2024:5 [ref. 40854]). Current status: Valid as Inpaichthys Géry & Junk 1977. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Iotabrycon Roberts [T. R.] 1973:491 Masc. Iotabrycon praecox Roberts 1973. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Iotabrycon Roberts 1973 -- (Géry 1977:359 [ref. 1597], Weitzman & Fink 1985:1 et seq. [ref. 5203], Weitzman & Menezes 1998:187 [ref. 23843], Weitzman in Reis et al. 2003:224 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Stevardiinae, Zarske 2010:84 [ref. 30919], Mirande 2010:533 [ref. 31006], Thomaz et al. 2015:4 [ref. 33893] Stevardiinae, tribe Xenurobryconini). Current status: Valid as Iotabrycon Roberts 1973. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Joinvillea Steindachner [F.] 1908:29 [30] Fem. Joinvillea rosae Steindachner 1908. Type by monotypy. On p. 30 of separate. •Synonym of Deuterodon Eigenmann 1907 -- (Lucena & Lucena 2002:124 [ref. 26205], Lucena et al. in Reis et al. 2003:127 [ref. 27061]). Current status: Synonym of Deuterodon Eigenmann 1907. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Jupiaba Zanata [A. M.] 1997:102 Fem. Jupiaba poranga Zanata 1997. Type by original designation. •Synonym of Astyanax Baird & Girard 1845, but a valid subgenus Jupiaba -- (Zarske & Géry 1999:203 [ref. 24913]). •Valid as Jupiaba Zanata 1997 -- (Moreira et al. 2002:78 [ref. 26068], Benine 2002:292 [ref. 26541], Buckup in Reis et al. 2003:141-142 [ref. 27061], Zanata & Lima 2005:272 [ref. 28235], Pereira & Lucinda 3007:53 [ref. 29302], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Jupiaba clade, Birindellli et al. 2009:11 [ref. 30143], Netto-Ferreira et al. 2009: 53 [ref. 30519], Zanata & Ohara 2009:513 [ref. 30674], Mirande 2010:500 [ref. 31006] in Characidae, Tetragonopterinae, Sarmiento et al. 2014:184 [ref. 35004], Terán et al. 2020:8 [ref. 37440]). Current status: Valid as Jupiaba Zanata 1997. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Knodus Eigenmann [C. H.] 1911:216 Masc. Knodus meridae Eigenmann 1911. Type by monotypy. Also appeared as new genus in Eigenmann 1918:114 [ref. 1240] with type given as Bryconamericus breviceps Eigenmann. •Synonym of Bryconamericus Eigenmann 1907 -- (Taphorn 1992:134 [ref. 23654], Román-Valencia 2000:462 [ref. 25256], Román-Valencia 2003:482 [ref. 27478], Román-Valencia 2003:477 [ref. 27478]). •Valid as Knodus Eigenmann 1911 -- (Géry 1977:391 [ref. 1597], Silva in Reis et al. 2003:143 [ref. 27061], Lima et al. 2004:577 [ref. 27909], Zarske & Géry 2006:51 [ref. 28753], Ferreira & Lima 2006:630 [ref. 28919], Ferreira & Carvajal 2007:31 [ref. 29173], Zarske 2007:15 [ref. 29232], Zarske 2008:160 [ref. 29918], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Stevardiinae, Menezes et al. 2009:57 [ref. 30293], Zarske et al. 2010:8 [ref. 30816], Mirande 2010:533 [ref. 31006], Ferreira & Netto-Ferreira 2010:468 [ref. 30882], Oliveira et al. 2011:16 [ref. 31685], Esguícero & Castro 2014:39 [ref. 33506], Sarmiento et al. 2014:184 [ref. 35004], Thomaz et al. 2015:8 [ref. 33893] Stevardiinae, tribe Diapomini, García-Melo et al. 2019:15 [ref. 36761], Menezes & Marinho 2019:1 [ref. 36822], Dos Anjos de Sousa et al. 2020:575 [ref. 37361], Menezes et al. 2020:1 [ref. 37599], Deprá et al. 2021:1 [ref. 38180], Aguiar et al. 2022:1 [ref. 39329], Ferreira & Ohara 2023:365 [ref. 39833], Silva-Oliveira et al. 2023:1 [ref. 40192]). Current status: Valid as Knodus Eigenmann 1911. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Kolpotocheirodon Malabarba [L. R.] & Weitzman [S. H.] 2000:270 Masc. Kolpotocheirodon theloura Malabarba & Weitzman 2000. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Kolpotocheirodon Malabarba & Weitzman 2000 -- (Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:217 [ref. 27061], Malabarba et al. 2004:317 [ref. 27971], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267], Mirande 2010:531 [ref. 31006], Oliveira et al. 2011:15 [ref. 31685]). Current status: Valid as Kolpotocheirodon Malabarba & Weitzman 2000. Characidae: Cheirodontinae.

Lamprocheirodon (subgenus of Cheirodon) Géry [J.] 1960:13 Masc. Cheirodon axelrodi Schultz 1956. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Cheirodon Girard 1854, but a valid subgenus Lamprocheirodon as described -- (Géry 1977:563 [ref. 1597]). •Synonym of Paracheirodon Géry 1960 -- (Weitzman & Fink 1983:353 [ref. 5383], Malabarba 1998:232 [ref. 23844], Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:152 [ref. 27061]). Current status: Synonym of Paracheirodon Géry 1960. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Landonia Eigenmann [C. H.] & Henn [A. W.] in Eigenmann, Henn & Wilson 1914:1 Fem. Landonia latidens Eigenmann & Henn 1914. Type by monotypy. •Valid as Landonia Eigenmann & Henn 1914 -- (Roberts 1973:491 [ref. 3776], Géry 1977:359 [ref. 1597], Weitzman & Fink 1985:1 et seq. [ref. 5203], Weitzman & Menezes 1998:180 [ref. 23843], Weitzman in Reis et al. 2003:224 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Stevardiinae, Mirande 2010:533 [ref. 31006], Thomaz et al. 2015:21 [ref. 33893] incertae sedis in Stevardiinae). Current status: Valid as Landonia Eigenmann & Henn 1914. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Lepidocharax Ferreira [K. M.], Menezes [N. A.] & Quagio-Grassiotto [I.] 2011:283 Fem. Lepidocharax diamantina Ferreira, Menezes & Quagio-Grassiotto 2011. Type by original designation. •Valid as Lepidocharax Ferreira, Menezes & Quagio-Grassiotto 2011 -- (Thomaz et al. 2015:8 [ref. 33893] in Stevardiinae, tentatively in tribe Diapomini). Current status: Valid as Lepidocharax Ferreira, Menezes & Quagio-Grassiotto 2011. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Leptagoniates Boulenger [G. A.] 1887:281 Masc. Leptagoniates steindachneri Boulenger 1887. Type by monotypy. Misspelled Leptogoniates by Jordan 1920:437 [ref. 4905]. •Valid as Leptagoniates Boulenger 1887 -- (Géry 1977:347 [ref. 1597], Vari 1978 [ref. 7036], Malabarba 1998:229 [ref. 23844], Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:144 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] and Mirande 2010:524 [ref. 31006] in Characidae, Aphyocharacinae with question, Oliveira et al. 2011:15 [ref. 31685], Tagliacollo et al. 2012:298 [ref. 31996]). Current status: Valid as Leptagoniates Boulenger 1887. Characidae: Aphyocharacinae.

Leptobrycon Eigenmann [C. H.] 1915:46 Masc. Leptobrycon jatuaranae Eigenmann 1915. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Leptobrycon Eigenmann 1915 -- (Malabarba 1998:230 [ref. 23844], Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:144 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] and Mirande 2010:528 [ref. 31006] in Characidae, Aphyoditeinae with question). Current status: Valid as Leptobrycon Eigenmann 1915. Characidae: Characids incertae sedis.

Lobodeuterodon (subgenus of Deuterodon) Fowler [H. W.] 1945:100 Masc. Deuterodon euspilurus Fowler 1945. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Possibly a synonym of Odontostilbe Cope 1870 -- (see Böhlke 1984:46 [ref. 13621]). •Synonym of Odontostilbe Cope 1870 -- (Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:217 [ref. 27061], Bührnheim & Malabarba 2006:193 [ref. 28728] with question, Chuctaya & Malabarba 2024:239 [ref. 40817]). Current status: Synonym of Odontostilbe Cope 1870. Characidae: Cheirodontinae.

Lophiobrycon Castro [R. M. C.], Ribeiro [A. C.], Benine [R. C.] & Melo [A. L. A.] 2003:13 Masc. Lophiobrycon weitzmani Castro, Ribeiro, Benine & Melo 2003. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Lophiobrycon Castro, Ribeiro, Benine & Melo 2003 -- (Menezes et al. 2008:33 [ref. 31161], Menezes & Weitzman 2009:305 [ref. 30495] in Glandulocaudinae, Mirande 2010:533 [ref. 31006] in Stevardiinae, Thomaz et al. 2010:1350 [ref. 31210], Oliveira et al. 2011:16 [ref. 31685], Thomaz et al. 2015:8 [ref. 33893] Stevardiinae, tribe Glandulocaudini). Current status: Valid as Lophiobrycon Castro, Ribeiro, Benine & Melo 2003. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Luetkenia Steindachner [F.] 1876:85 Fem. Luetkenia insignis Steindachner 1876. Type by monotypy. Originally as Lütkenia; correction mandatory. Apparently preoccupied by Lütkenia Claus 1864 in Crustacea [not investigated], replaced by Stichonodon Eigenmann 1903. •Objective synonym of Stichonodon Eigenmann 1903 -- (Reis in Reis et al. 2003:156 [ref. 27061]). Current status: Synonym of Stichonodon Eigenmann 1903. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Macropsobrycon Eigenmann [C. H.] 1915:48 Masc. Macropsobrycon uruguayanae Eigenmann 1915. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Macropsobrycon Eigenmann 1915 -- (Malabarba 1989:136 [ref. 14217], Malabarba 1998:218 [ref. 23844], Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:217 [ref. 27061], Miquelarena et al. 2008:77 [ref. 29829], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267], Mirande 2010:531 [ref. 31006], Jerep & Malabarba 2011:299, 301 [ref. 31388], Oliveira et al. 2011:15 [ref. 31685], Bertaco et al. 2016:414 [ref. 34561]). Current status: Valid as Macropsobrycon Eigenmann 1915. Characidae: Cheirodontinae.

Makunaima Terán [G. E.], Benitez [M. F.] & Mirande [J. M.] 2020:7 Masc. Astyanax guaporensis Eigenmann 1911. Type by original designation. •Valid as Makunaima Terán, Benitez & Mirande 2020. Current status: Valid as Makunaima Terán, Benitez & Mirande 2020. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Markiana Eigenmann [C. H.] 1903:145 Fem. Tetragonopterus nigripinnis Perugia 1891. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Markiana Eigenmann 1903 -- (Géry 1977:455 [ref. 1597], Taphorn 1992:248 [ref. 23654], Britski et al. 1999:30 [ref. 24147], Zarske & Géry 2002:17 [ref. 26554], Pavanelli in Reis et al. 2003:144 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Astyanax clade, Mirande 2010:514 [ref. 31006], Baicere-Silva et al. 2011:371 [ref. 31394] in Stevardiinae, Mirande et al. 2011:13 [ref. 31465] in Astyanax clade, Thomaz et al. 2015:8 [ref. 33893] in Stevardiinae, tribe Eretmobryconini). Current status: Valid as Markiana Eigenmann 1903. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Megalamphodus Eigenmann [C. H.] 1915:49 Masc. Megalamphodus megalopterus Eigenmann 1915. Type by original designation. •Valid as Megalamphodus Eigenmann 1915 -- (Géry 1977:583 [ref. 1597], Taphorn 1992:251 [ref. 23654], Britski et al. 1999:44 [ref. 24147]). •Synonym of Hyphessobrycon Durbin 1908 -- (Weitzman & Palmer 1997:232 [ref. 22743], see Malabarba 1998:230 [ref. 23844], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:134 [ref. 27061], Malabarba et al. 2012:57 [ref. 31810]). Current status: Synonym of Hyphessobrycon Durbin 1908. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Microbrycon Eigenmann [C. H.] & Wilson [C.] in Eigenmann, Henn & Wilson 1914:3 Masc. Microbrycon minutus Eigenmann & Wilson 1914. Type by monotypy. •Status uncertain -- (see Weitzman & Fink 1985:2 [ref. 5203]). •Synonym of Pterobrycon Eigenmann 1913 -- (Géry 1977:359 [ref. 1597], Weitzman in Reis et al. 2003:227 [ref. 27061]). Current status: Uncertain as Pterobrycon Eigenmann 1913. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Microcaelurus Miranda Ribeiro [A. de] 1939:362 Masc. Microcaelurus odontocheilus Miranda Ribeiro 1939. Type by monotypy. A translation of the original description may be found in Myers & Böhlke 1956:11-12 [ref. 5937]. Current status: Synonym of Tyttocharax Fowler 1913. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Microgenys Eigenmann [C. H.] 1913:22 Fem. Microgenys minutus Eigenmann 1913. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Genus is apparently feminine in gender. •Valid as Microgenys Eigenmann 1913 -- (Géry 1977:398 [ref. 1597], Langeani in Reis et al. 2003:144 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267] and Mirande 2010:533 [ref. 31006] in Characidae, Thomaz et al. 2015:4 [ref. 33893] incertae sedis in Stevardiinae). Current status: Valid as Microgenys Eigenmann 1913. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Microschemobrycon Eigenmann [C. H.] 1915:56 Masc. Microschemobrycon guaporensis Eigenmann 1915. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Microschemobrycon Eigenmann 1915 -- (Géry 1977:598 [ref. 1597], Taphorn 1992:263 [ref. 23654], Malabarba 1998:231 [ref. 23844], Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:145 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Aphyoditeinae, Mirande 2010:528 [ref. 31006], Oliveira et al. 2011:15 [ref. 31685] unplaced in Characidae, Ohara et al. 2019:326 [ref. 36615], Esguícero & Mendonça 2023:444 [ref. 40521]). Current status: Valid as Microschemobrycon Eigenmann 1915. Characidae: Characinae.

Mimagoniates Regan [C. T.] 1907:402 Masc. Mimagoniates barberi Regan 1907. Type by monotypy. •Valid as Mimagoniates Regan 1907 -- (Schultz 1959:7 [ref. 39721], Géry 1977:362 [ref. 1597], Weitzman & Fink 1985:1 et seq. [ref. 5203], Weitzman et al. 1988:384 [ref. 13557], Malabarba 1989:136 [ref. 14217], Menezes & Weitzman 1990 [ref. 16172], Weitzman et al. 1996:184 [ref. 24771], Weitzman et al. 1996:179 [ref. 24772], Weitzman et al. 1996:195 [ref. 24773], Weitzman & Menezes 1998:183 [ref. 23843], Britski et al. 1999:49 [ref. 24147], Weitzman in Reis et al. 2003:224 [ref. 27061], Menezes et al. 2008:33 [ref. 31161], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267] ad Mirande 2010:533 [ref. 31006] in Characidae, Stevardiinae, Menezes & Weitzman 2009:323 [ref. 30495] in Glandulocaudinae, Mantinian & Miquelarena 2010:416 [ref. 30959], Oliveira et al. 2011:16 [ref. 31685], Azpelicueta & Koerber 2012:784 [ref. 32131], Thomaz et al. 2015:8 [ref. 33893] Stevardiinae, tribe Glandulocaudini, Bertaco et al. 2016:414 [ref. 34561]). Current status: Valid as Mimagoniates Regan 1907. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Mixobrycon Eigenmann [C. H.] 1915:62 Masc. Cheirodon ribeiroi Eigenmann 1907. Type by original designation (also monotypic). See Malabarba 1998:231 [ref. 23844]. •Valid as Mixobrycon Eigenmann 1915 -- (Géry 1977:550 [ref. 1597], Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:145 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:11 [ref. 30267] as incertae sedis in Characidae, Mirande 2010:546 [ref. 31006]). Current status: Valid as Mixobrycon Eigenmann 1915. Characidae: Characids incertae sedis.

Moenkhausia Eigenmann [C. H.] 1903:145 Fem. Tetragonopterus xinguensis Steindachner 1882. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Moenkhausia Eigenmann 1903 -- (Géry 1977:438 [ref. 1597], Géry 1992 [ref. 20972], Taphorn 1992:266 [ref. 23654], Britski et al. 1999:32 [ref. 24147], Lima & Toledo-Piza 2001:1058 [ref. 25823], Zarske & Géry 2002:17 [ref. 26554], Benine 2002:289 [ref. 26541], Benine in Reis et al. 2003:145 [ref. 27061], Benine et al. 2004:68 [ref. 27502], Géry & Zarske 2004:40 [ref. 28287], Bertaco & Lucinda 2006:64 [ref. 28492], Lima & Birindelli 2006:53 [ref. 28635], Lucinda et al. 2007:61, 66 [ref. 29183], Benine et al. 2009:161 [ref. 30250], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Hemigrammus clade, Zanata et al. 2010:2615 [ref. 30712], Sousa et al. 2010:255 [ref. 30683], Marinho & Langeani 2010:879 [ref. 30927], Marinho & Langeani 2010:57 [ref. 30941], Marinho 2010:655 [ref. 30977], Mirande 2010:500 [ref. 31006] in Characidae, Tetragonopterinae, Melo et al. 2011:53 [ref. 31233], Bertaco et al. 2011:57 [ref. 31234], Bertaco et al. 2011:29 [ref. 31403], Carvalho et al. 2014:377 [ref. 33383], Pastana & Dagosta 2014:389 [ref. 33384], Petrolli & Benine 2015:401 [ref. 33887], Dagosta et al. 2015:417 [ref. 33998], Ohara & Lima 2015:159 [ref. 34046], Oliveira & Marinho 2016:566 [ref. 34342], Marinho et al. 2016:243 [ref. 34376], Ohara & Marinho 2016:[1] 37 [ref. 34383], Petrolli et al. 2016:159 [ref. 34395], Marinho & Langeani 2016:338 [ref. 34416], Dagosta & Marinho 2016:[1] [ref. 34498], Bertaco et al. 2016:414 [ref. 34561], Azevedo-Santos & Benine 2016:203 [ref. 34837], Soares & Bührnheim 2016:392 [ref. 34972]. Soares et al. 2017:255 [ref. 35237], Britzke et al. 2018:1 [ref. 36024], Lima & Soares 2018:69 [ref. 36077], Deprá et al. 2018:87 [ref. 36283], Soares et al. 2019:232 [ref. 36688], Soares & Benine 2019:487 [ref. 37120], Mathubara & Toledo-Piza 2020:1 [ref. 37766], Mathubara & Toledo-Piza 2020:1 [ref. 37778], Marinho et al. 2021:1 [ref. 38394], Reia et al. 2021:1 [ref. 38583], Marinho & Dagosta 2023:1 [ref. 40358], Lima et al. 2023:586 [ref. 40391], Reia et al. 2024:1 [ref. 40849]). Current status: Valid as Moenkhausia Eigenmann 1903. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Monotocheirodon Eigenmann [C. H.] & Pearson [N. E.] in Pearson 1924:34 Masc. Monotocheirodon pearsoni Eigenmann 1924. Type by monotypy. •Valid as Monotocheirodon Eigenmann & Pearson 1924 -- (Géry 1977:547 [ref. 1597], Malabarba 1998:231 [ref. 23844], Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:150 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267] ans Mirande 2010:533 [ref. 31006] in Characidae, Stevardiinae with question, Menezes et al. 2009:57 [ref. 30293], Menezes et al. 2013:54 [ref. 32808], Thomaz et al. 2015:4 [ref. 33893], Carvalho et al. 2024:1 [ref. 40982]). Current status: Valid as Monotocheirodon Eigenmann & Pearson 1924. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Moralesia Fowler [H. W.] 1943:96 Fem. Anacyrtus tectifer Cope 1870. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Apparently preoccupied by Moralesia Espanol 1844 in Coleoptera [not researched], replaced by Moralesicus Fowler 1958. •Synonym of Charax Scopoli 1777, but a valid subgenus Moralesia -- (Géry 1977:307 [ref. 1597]). •Synonym of Charax Scopoli 1777 -- (Lucena 1987:26 [ref. 17724], Lucena and Menezes in Reis et al. 2003:201 [ref. 27061], Menezes & Lucena 2014:195 [ref. 33369]). Current status: Synonym of Charax Scopoli 1777. Characidae: Characinae.

Moralesicus Fowler [H. W.] 1958:9 Masc. Anacyrtus tectifer Cope 1870. Type by being a replacement name. Replacement for Moralesia Fowler 1943, preoccupied by Moralesia Espanol 1844 in Coleoptera [not researched]. •Synonym of Charax Scopoli 1777 -- (Lucena 1987:26 [ref. 17724], Lucena and Menezes in Reis et al. 2003:201 [ref. 27061], Menezes & Lucena 2014:195 [ref. 33369]). Current status: Synonym of Charax Scopoli 1777. Characidae: Characinae.

Myxiops Zanata [A. M.] & Akama [A.] 2004:46 Masc. Myxiops aphos Zanata & Akama 2004. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Myxiops Zanata & Akama 2004 -- (Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Hemigrammus clade with question, Mirande 2010:500 [ref. 31006] in Characidae, Tetragonopterinae with question). •Synonym of Deuterodon Eigenmann 1907 -- Current status: Synonym of Deuterodon Eigenmann 1907. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Nanocheirodon Malabarba [L. R.] 1998:210 Masc. Chirodon insignis Steindachner 1880. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Steindachner's genus of type species should have been Cheirodon. •Valid as Nanocheirodon Malabarba 1998 -- (Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:217 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267], Mirande 2010:531 [ref. 31006], Oliveira et al. 2011:15 [ref. 31685], Malabarba & Jerep 2012:249 [ref. 32057]). Current status: Valid as Nanocheirodon Malabarba 1998. Characidae: Cheirodontinae.

Nans Mirande [J. M.], Aguilera [G.] & Azpelicueta [M. de las M.] 2004:717 Masc. Nans indefessus Mirande, Aguilera & Azpelicueta 2004. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Preoccupied by Nans in annelids. Replaced by Nantis Mirande, Aguilera & Azpelicueta 2006. •Synonym of Nantis Mirande, Aguilera & Azpelicueta 2006. •Synonym of Bryconamericus Eigenmann 1907 -- (Thomaz et al. 2015:20 [ref. 33893]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Bryconamericus Eigenmann 1907. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Nantis Mirande [J. M.], Aguilera [G.] & Azpelicueta [M. de las M.] 2006:305 Masc. Nans indefessus Mirande, Aguilera & Azpelicueta 2004. Type by being a replacement name. Replacement for Nans Mirande, Aguilera & Azpelicueta 2004, preoccupied in annalids. •Valid as Nantis Mirande, Aguilera & Azpelicueta 2006 -- (Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Stevardiinae, Mirande 2010:533 [ref. 31006]). •Synonym of Bryconamericus Eigenmann 1907 -- (Thomaz et al. 2015:20 [ref. 33893]). Current status: Synonym of Bryconamericus Eigenmann 1907. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Nematobrycon Eigenmann [C. H.] 1911:215 Masc. Nematobrycon palmeri Eigenmann 1911. Type by monotypy. •Valid as Nematobrycon Eigenmann 1911 -- (Géry 1977:386 [ref. 1597], Pavanelli in Reis et al. 2003:150 [ref. 27061]). •Valid as Nematobrycon Eigenmann 1911 -- (Mirande 2010:521 [ref. 31006] in Characidae, subfamily Gymnocharacinae, Oliveira et al. 2011:13 [ref. 31685]). Current status: Valid as Nematobrycon Eigenmann 1911. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Nematocharax Weitzman [S. H.], Menezes [N. A.] & Britski [H. A.] 1986:335 Masc. Nematocharax venustus Weitzman, Menezes & Britski 1986. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Nematocharax Weitzman, Menezes & Britski 1986 -- (Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:151 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Rhoadsiinae with question, Mirande 2010:499 [ref. 31006], Thomaz et al. 2010:1350 [ref. 31210], Negreiros de Bragança et al. 2013:3 [ref. 32664], Menezes et al. 2015:453 [ref. 33689], Barreto et al. 2018:1151 [ref. 36378]). Current status: Valid as Nematocharax Weitzman, Menezes & Britski 1986. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Nematopoma Gill [T. N.] 1858:428 Neut. Nematopoma searlesii Gill 1858. Type by monotypy. •Synonym of Corynopoma Gill 1858 -- (Weitzman & Fink 1985:2 [ref. 5203], Taphorn 1992:164 [ref. 23654], Weitzman in Reis et al. 2003:223 [ref. 27061]). Current status: Synonym of Corynopoma Gill 1858. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Notropocharax Marini [T. L.], Nichols [J. T.] & LaMonte [F. R.] 1933:6 Masc. Notropocharax difficilis Marini, Nichols & LaMonte 1933. Type by monotypy. •Synonym of Aphyocharax Günther 1868 -- (see Malabarba 1998:231 [ref. 23844], Lima in Reis et al. 2003:197 [ref. 27061]). Current status: Synonym of Aphyocharax Günther 1868. Characidae: Aphyocharacinae.

Odontostilbe Cope [E. D.] 1870:566 Fem. Odontostilbe fugitiva Cope 1870. Type by monotypy. •Synonym of Cheirodon Girard 1855 -- (Fink & Weitzman 1974:3 [ref. 7132], Taphorn 1992:115 [ref. 23654]). •Valid as Odontostilbe Cope 1870 -- (Géry 1977:554 [ref. 1597], Malabarba 1989:136 [ref. 14217], Casciotta et al. 1992 [ref. 21059], Malabarba 1998:219 [ref. 23844], Britski et al. 1999:47 [ref. 24147], Malabarba & Bertaco 1999:84 [ref. 24149], Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:217 [ref. 27061], Bührnheim & Malabarba 2006:167 [ref. 28728], Bührnheim & Malabarba 2007:1 [ref. 29170], Miquelarena et al. 2008:81 [ref. 29829], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267], Mirande 2010:531 [ref. 31006], Oliveira et al. 2011:15 [ref. 31685], Bertaco et al. 2016:414 [ref. 34561], Chuctaya et al. 2018:[1] [ref. 35862], Chuctaya et al. 2020:1 [ref. 37856]). Current status: Valid as Odontostilbe Cope 1870. Characidae: Cheirodontinae.

Odontostoechus Gomes [A. L.] 1947:7 Masc. Odontostoechus lethostigmus Gomes 1947. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Othonocheirodus Myers 1927 -- (Géry 1977:559 [ref. 1597]). •Possibly valid -- (Malabarba 1998:231-232 [ref. 23844]). •Valid as Odontostoechus Gomes 1947 -- (Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:151 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Stevardiinae, Mirande 2010:533 [ref. 31006], Oliveira et al. 2011:16 [ref. 31685]). •Synonym of Bryconamericus Eigenmann 1907 -- (Thomaz et al. 2015:20 [ref. 33893]). Current status: Synonym of Bryconamericus Eigenmann 1907. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Oligobrycon Eigenmann [C. H.] 1915:57 Masc. Oligobrycon microstomus Eigenmann 1915. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Oligobrycon Eigenmann 1915 -- (Géry 1977:587 [ref. 1597], Malabarba 1998:231 [ref. 23844], Buckup in Reis et al. 2003:151 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:11 [ref. 30267] as incertae sedis in Characidae, Mirande 2010:546 [ref. 31006]). Current status: Valid as Oligobrycon Eigenmann 1915. Characidae: Characids incertae sedis.

Oligosarcus Günther [A.] 1864:353 Masc. Oligosarcus argenteus Günther 1864. Type by monotypy. Oligosargus is a misspelling. •Valid as Oligosarcus Günther 1864 -- (Géry 1977:326 [ref. 1597], Menezes & Géry 1983:563 [ref. 8307], Malabarba 1989:137 [ref. 14217], Menezes 1990:1 [ref. 20060], Braga 1994:15 [ref. 27878], Menezes in Reis et al. 2003:151 [ref. 27061], Ribeiro et al. 2007:43 [ref/ 29321], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Bramocharax clade, Menezes & Ribeiro 2010:649 [ref. 30976], Mirande 2010:496 [ref. 31006], Mirande et al. 2011:1 [ref. 31465], Almirón et al. 2015:581 [ref. 33673], Ribeiro & Menezes 2015:41 [ref. 33768], Menezes & Ribeiro 2015:541 [ref. 33973], Bertaco et al. 2016:414 [ref. 34561]). Current status: Valid as Oligosarcus Günther 1864. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Opisthanodus Ahl [E.] 1935:46 Masc. Opisthanodus haerteli Ahl 1935. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Also appeared as new in Ahl in Anonymous 1936:91 [ref. 35697]. •Valid as Opisthanodus Ahl 1935 -- (Géry 1977:431 [ref. 1597]). •Synonym of Moenkhausia Eigenmann 1903 -- (Benine in Reis et al. 2003:145 [ref. 27061]). Current status: Synonym of Moenkhausia Eigenmann 1903. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Orthospinus Reis [R. E.] 1989:42 Masc. Buritia cisalpinoi Brant 1974. Type by being a replacement name. Replacement for Buritia Brant 1974, preoccupied by Buritia Young 1951 in Hemiptera. •Valid as Orthospinus Reis 1989 -- (Reis in Reis et al. 2003:209-210 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Stethaprioninae, Mirande 2010:500 [ref. 31006] in Characidae, Tetragonopterinae, Oliveira et al. 2011:13 [ref. 31685] in Stethaprioninae). Current status: Valid as Orthospinus Reis 1989. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Othonocheirodus Myers [G. S.] 1927:113 Masc. Othonocheirodus eigenmanni Myers 1927. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Othonocheirodus Myers 1927 -- (Géry 1977:559 [ref. 1597], Malabarba 1998:231 [ref. 23844], Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:152 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267] and Mirande 2010:533 [ref. 31006] in Characidae, Stevardiinae with question, Thomaz et al. 2015:4 [ref. 33893] incertae sedis in Stevardiinae). Current status: Valid as Othonocheirodus Myers 1927. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Oxybrycon Géry [J.] 1964:15 Masc. Oxybrycon parvulus Géry 1964. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Oxybrycon Géry 1964 -- (Géry 1977:591 [ref. 1597], see Malabarba 1998:232 [ref. 23844], Pavanelli in Reis et al. 2003:152 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] and Mirande 2010:528 [ref. 31006] in Characidae, Aphyoditeinae with question). Current status: Valid as Oxybrycon Géry 1964. Characidae: Characids incertae sedis.

Paracheirodon Géry [J.] 1960:12 Masc. Hyphessobrycon innesi Myers 1936. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Paracheirodon Géry 1960 -- (Géry 1977:587 [ref. 1597], Weitzman & Fink 1983:353 [ref. 5383], Malabarba 1998:232 [ref. 23844], Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:152 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Hemigrammus clade, Mirande 2010:500 [ref. 31006] in Characidae, Tetragonopterinae, Marshall et al. 2012:378 [ref. 31785], Bittencourt et al. 2020:1 [ref. 37634]). Current status: Valid as Paracheirodon Géry 1960. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Paragoniates Steindachner [F.] 1876:117 Masc. Paragoniates alburnus Steindachner 1876. Type by subsequent designation. Type designated by Eigenmann 1910:441 [ref. 1224]. •Valid as Paragoniates Steindachner 1876 -- (Géry 1977:347 [ref. 1597], Taphorn 1992:289 [ref. 23654], Malabarba 1998:229 [ref. 23844], Reis in Reis et al. 2003:153 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Aphyocharacinae, Mirande 2010:524 [ref. 31006], Oliveira et al. 2011:15 [ref. 31685], Tagliacollo et al. 2012:298 [ref. 31996]). Current status: Valid as Paragoniates Steindachner 1876. Characidae: Aphyocharacinae.

Parapristella Géry [J.] 1964:41 Fem. Pristella aubynei Eigenmann 1909. Type by original designation. •Valid as Parapristella Géry 1964 -- (Géry 1977:487 [ref. 1597], Taphorn 1992:292 [ref. 23654], Malabarba 1998:232 [ref. 23844], Pavanelli in Reis et al. 2003:153 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:11 [ref. 30267] as incertae sedis in Characidae, Mirande 2010:546 [ref. 31006]). Current status: Valid as Parapristella Géry 1964. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Parastremma Eigenmann [C. H.] 1912:20 Neut. Parastremma sadina Eigenmann 1912. Type by monotypy. •Valid as Parastremma Eigenmann 1912 -- (Géry 1977:538 [ref. 1597], Cardoso in Reis et al. 2003:213 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Rhoadsiinae, Mirande 2010:499 [ref. 31006]). Current status: Valid as Parastremma Eigenmann 1912. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Parecbasis Eigenmann [C. H.] 1914:45 Fem. Parecbasis cyclolepis Eigenmann 1914. Type by monotypy. •Valid as Parecbasis Eigenmann 1914 -- (Géry 1977:590 [ref. 1597], Malabarba 1998:230 [ref. 23844], Pavanelli in Reis et al. 2003:153 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Aphyoditeinae, Mirande 2010:528 [ref. 31006]). Current status: Valid as Parecbasis Eigenmann 1914. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Paroligosarcus (subgenus of Oligosarcus) Amaral Campos [A.] & Trewavas [E.] 1949:157 Masc. Oligosarcus pintoi Amaral Campos 1945. Type by monotypy. •Valid as Paroligosarcus Amaral Campos & Trewavas 1949 -- (Géry 1977:323 [ref. 1597]). •Synoym of Oligosarcus Günther 1864 -- (Menezes & Géry 1983:563 [ref. 8307], Braga 1994:15 [ref. 27878], Menezes in Reis et al. 2003:151 [ref. 27061]). Current status: Synonym of Oligosarcus Günther 1864. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Pedalibrycon Fowler [H. W.] 1943:314 Masc. Pedalibrycon felipponei Fowler 1943. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Misspelled Pedalibycon by Neave 1950:202 [ref. 6512]. •Synonym of Cheirodon Girard 1855 -- (see Böhlke 1984:46 [ref. 13621], Malabarba 1989:133 [ref. 14217] based on placement of type species, Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:216 [ref. 27061]). Current status: Synonym of Cheirodon Girard 1855. Characidae: Cheirodontinae.

Petitella Géry [J.] & Boutière [H.] 1964:474 Fem. Petitella georgiae Géry & Boutière 1964. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Petitella Géry & Boutière 1964 -- (Géry 1977:547 [ref. 1597], see Malabarba 1998:232 [ref. 23844], Lima in Reis et al. 2003:153 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Hemigrammus clade with question, Mirande 2010:500 [ref. 31006] in Characidae, Tetragonopterinae with question, Bittencourt et al. 2020:7 [ref. 37634]). Current status: Valid as Petitella Géry & Boutière 1964. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Phallobrycon Menezes [N. A.], Ferreira [K. M.] & Netto-Ferreira [A. L.] 2009:48 Masc. Phallobrycon adenacanthus Menezes, Ferreira & Netto-Ferreira 2009. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Phallobrycon Menezes, Ferreira & Netto-Ferreira 2009 00 (Mirande 2010:533 [ref. 31006] in Characidae, Stevardiinae with question, Thomaz et al. 2015:4 [ref. 33893] incertae sedis in Stevardiinae, Netto-Ferreira et al. 2016:255 [ref. 34905]). Current status: Valid as Phallobrycon Menezes, Ferreira & Netto-Ferreira 2009. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Phenacobrycon Eigenmann [C. H.] 1922:147 Masc. Bryconamericus henni Eigenmann 1914. Type by original designation. •Valid as Phenacobrycon Eigenmann 1922 -- (Roberts 1973:490 [ref. 3776], Géry 1977:358 [ref. 1597], Weitzman & Fink 1985:1 et seq. [ref. 5203], Weitzman & Menezes 1998:186 [ref. 23843], Weitzman in Reis et al. 2003:226 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Stevardiinae, Mirande 2010:533 [ref. 31006], Thomaz et al. 2015:4 [ref. 33893] incertae sedis in Stevardiinae). Current status: Valid as Phenacobrycon Eigenmann 1922. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Phenacogaster Eigenmann [C. H.] 1907:769 Fem. Tetragonopterus pectinatus Cope 1870. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Phenacogaster Eigenmann 1907 -- (Géry 1977:527 [ref. 1597], Taphorn 1992:295 [ref. 23654], Malabarba & Lucena 1995 [ref. 21946], Britski et al. 1999:40 [ref. 24147], Lucena and Menezes in Reis et al. 2003:203 [ref. 27061], Lucena & Gama 2007:151 [ref. 29059], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Characinae, Lucena & Malabarba 2010:263 [ref. 30880], Mirande 2010:490 [ref. 31006], Oliveira et al. 2011:15 [ref. 31685], Antonetti et al. 2018:271 [ref. 36204], Lucena & Lucena 2019:1 [ref. 36690], Souza et al. 2023:1 [ref. 40222]). Current status: Valid as Phenacogaster Eigenmann 1907. Characidae: Characinae.

Phenagoniates Eigenmann [C. H.] & Wilson [C.] in Eigenmann, Henn & Wilson 1914:2 Masc. Phenagoniates wilsoni Eigenmann 1914. Type by monotypy. Spelled Phanagoniates by Eigenmann 1915:43 [ref. 1231], also misspelled Phaneagoniates. •Valid as Phenagoniates Eigenmann & Wilson 1914 -- (Fink & Weitzman 1974:30 [ref. 7132], Géry 1977:347 [ref. 1597], Pavanelli in Reis et al. 2003:153 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Aphyocharacinae, Mirande 2010:524 [ref. 31006], Oliveira et al. 2011:15 [ref. 31685], Tagliacollo et al. 2012:298 [ref. 31996]). Current status: Valid as Phenagoniates Eigenmann & Wilson 1914. Characidae: Aphyocharacinae.

Phoxinopsis Regan [C. T.] 1907:262 Fem. Phoxinopsis typicus Regan 1907. Type by monotypy (also by use of typicus). Mentioned -- (Géry 1977:607 [ref. 1597]). •Synonym of Aphyocharax Günther 1868 -- (Malabarba 1998:229 [ref. 23844], Lima in Reis et al. 2003:197 [ref. 27061]). Current status: Synonym of Aphyocharax Günther 1868. Characidae: Aphyocharacinae.

Phycocharax Ohara [W. M.], Mirande [J. M.] & Lima [F. C. T.] 2017:3 Masc. Phycocharax rasbora Ohara, Mirande & Lima 2017. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Phycocharax Ohara, Mirande & Lima 2017 -- (Frainer et al. 2021:11 [ref. 38777]). Current status: Valid as Phycocharax Ohara, Mirande & Lima 2017. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Piabarchus Myers [G. S.] 1928:90 Masc. Piabina analis Eigenmann 1914. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Piabarchus Myers 1928 -- (Géry 1977:395 [ref. 1597], Mahnert & Géry 1988:1 [ref. 6407], Britski et al. 1999:36 [ref. 24147] as Piabarcus, Almirón et al. 2001:38 [ref. 26609], Lima in Reis et al. 2003:153 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267] and Mirande 2010:533 [ref. 31006] in Characidae, Stevardiinae with question, Oliveira et al. 2011:16 [ref. 31685], Thomaz et al. 2015:8 [ref. 33893] in Stevardiinae, tribe Diapomini, Bertaco et al. 2016:414 [ref. 34561]). Current status: Valid as Piabarchus Myers 1928. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Piabina Reinhardt [J. T.] 1867:49 Fem. Piabina argentea Reinhardt 1867. Type by monotypy. •Synonym of Creagrutus Günther 1864 -- (Mahnert & Géry 1988:5 [ref. 6407]). •Valid as Piabina Reinhardt 1867 -- (Géry 1977:403 [ref. 1597], Vari & Harold 1998:256 [ref. 23845], Vari & Harold 2001:223 [ref. 25842], Almirón et al. 2001:38 [ref. 26609], Vari & Harold in Reis et al. 2003:154 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Stevardiinae, Román-Valencia et al. 2010:87 [ref. 30781], Mirande 2010:533 [ref. 31006], Oliveira et al. 2011:16 [ref. 31685], Thomaz et al. 2015:8 [ref. 33893] in Stevardiinae, tribe Diapomini). Current status: Valid as Piabina Reinhardt 1867. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Planaltina Böhlke [J. E.] 1954:265 Fem. Planaltina myersi Böhlke 1954. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Planaltina Böhlke 1954 -- (Géry 1977:358 [ref. 1597], Weitzman & Fink 1985:1 et seq. [ref. 5203], Weitzman et al. 1988:383 [ref. 13557], Weitzman & Menezes 1998:184 [ref. 23843], Weitzman in Reis et al. 2003:226 [ref. 27061], Menezes et al. 2003:561 [ref. 27327], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Stevardiinae, Mirande 2010:533 [ref. 31006], Menezes & Weitzman 2011:59 [ref. 31289], Oliveira et al. 2011:16 [ref. 31685], Thomaz et al. 2015:4 [ref. 33893] Stevardiinae, probably in tribe Diapomini, Deprá et al. 2018:1 [ref. 35939]). Current status: Valid as Planaltina Böhlke 1954. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Poecilurichthys Gill [T. N.] 1858:414, 417 Masc. Poecilurichthys brevoortii Gill 1858. Type by subsequent designation. Type designated by Eigenmann 1910:432 [ref. 1224]. •Synonym of Astyanax Baird & Girard 1854, but a valid subgenus Poecilurichthys -- (Géry 1977:426 [ref. 1597], Géry et al. 1996:8 [ref. 22155], Zarske & Géry 2002:17 [ref. 26554], Ruiz-C. et al. 2011:49 [ref. 31365], Ruiz-C et al. 2023:117 [ref. 39815]). •Synonym of Astyanax Baird & Girard 1854 -- (Taphorn 1992:110 [ref. 23654], Buckup in Reis et al. 2003:107 [ref. 27061], Bührnheim & Malabarba 2007:1 [ref. 29170], Terán et al. 2020:9 [ref. 37440]). Current status: Synonym of Astyanax Baird & Girard 1854. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Poptella Eigenmann [C. H.] 1908:106 Fem. Tetragonopterus longipinnis Popta 1901. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Poptella Eigenmann 1908 -- (Géry 1977:367 [ref. 1597], Reis 1989:18 [ref. 14219], Taphorn 1992:302 [ref. 23654], Britski et al. 1999:56 [ref. 24147], Reis in Reis et al. 2003:210 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Stethaprioninae, Mirande 2010:500 [ref. 31006] in Characidae, Tetragonopterinae, Oliveira et al. 2011:13 [ref. 31685] in Stethaprioninae, Garcia-Ayala & Benine 2019:1 [ref. 36770], Garcia-Ayala & Benine 2021:1 [ref. 38089], Garcia-Ayala & Benine 2023:1 [ref. 40179]). Current status: Valid as Poptella Eigenmann 1908. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Prionobrama Fowler [H. W.] 1913:534 Fem. Prionobrama madeirae Fowler 1913. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Prionobrama Fowler 1913 -- (Géry 1977:347 [ref. 1597], Malabarba 1998:230 [ref. 23844], Britski et al. 1999:43 [ref. 24147], Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:154 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Aphyocharacinae, Mirande 2010:524 [ref. 31006], Oliveira et al. 2011:15 [ref. 31685], Tagliacollo et al. 2012:298 [ref. 31996]). Current status: Valid as Prionobrama Fowler 1913. Characidae: Aphyocharacinae.

Pristella Eigenmann [C. H.] 1908:99 Fem. Holopristes riddlei Meek 1907. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Correct spelling for genus of type species is Holopristis. •Valid as Pristella Eigenamnn 1908 -- (Géry 1977:582 [ref. 1597], Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:154 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Hemigrammus clade, Mirande 2010:500 [ref. 31006] in Characidae, Tetragonopterinae, Conde-Saldaña et al. 2019:440 [ref. 36937] in Stethaprionini, Lima et al. 2021:339 [ref. 38293]). Current status: Valid as Pristella Eigenmann 1908. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Pristicharax Fowler [H. W.] 1949:1 Masc. Pristicharax hanseni Fowler 1949. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Hasemania Ellis 1911 -- (see Weitzman & Fink 1985:2 [ref. 5203], Pavanelli in Reis et al. 2003:128 [ref. 27061]). Current status: Synonym of Hasemania Ellis 1911. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Probolodus Eigenmann [C. H.] 1911:164 Masc. Probolodus heterostomus Eigenmann 1911. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Probolodus Eigenmann 1911 -- (Géry 1977:579 [ref. 1597], Malabarba 1998:230 [ref. 23844], Pavanelli in Reis et al. 2003:154 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Hemigrammus clade, Mirande 2010:500 [ref. 31006] in Characidae, Tetragonopterinae, Santos & Castro 2014:405 [ref. 33386]). •Synonym of Deuterodon Eigenmann 1907 -- Current status: Synonym of Deuterodon Eigenmann 1907. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Prodontocharax Eigenmann [C. H.] & Pearson [N. E.] in Pearson 1924:35 Masc. Prodontocharax melanotus Pearson 1924. Type by monotypy. •Valid as Prodontocharax Eigenmann & Pearson 1924 -- (Géry 1977:590 [ref. 1597], Malabarba 1998:220 [ref. 23844], Almirón et al. 2001:38 [ref. 26609] with date as 1925, Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:218 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267], Mirande 2010:531 [ref. 31006], Oliveira et al. 2011:15 [ref. 31685], Bertaco et al. 2023:5 [ref. 40512]). Current status: Valid as Prodontocharax Eigenmann & Pearson 1924. Characidae: Cheirodontinae.

Protocheirodon Vari [R. P.], Melo [B. F.] & Oliveira [C.] 2016:[2] Masc. Leptagoniates pi Vari 1978. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Protocheirodon Vari, Melo & Oliveira 2016. Current status: Valid as Protocheirodon Vari, Melo & Oliveira 2016. Characidae: Cheirodontinae.

Psalidodon Eigenmann [C. H.] 1911:165 Masc. Psalidodon gymnodontus Eigenmann 1911. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Astyanax Baird & Girard 1854 -- (Pavanelli & Oliveira 2009:569 [ref. 30986]). •Valid as Psalidodon Eigenmann 1911 -- (Géry 1977:578 [ref. 1597], Malabarba 1998:230 [ref. 23844], Pavanelli in Reis et al. 2003:154 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:11 [ref. 30267] as incertae sedis in Characidae, Terán et al. 2020:10 [ref. 37440], Alves et al. 2020:807 [ref. 38167], Queiroz et al. 2023:1 [ref. 40653]). Current status: Valid as Psalidodon Eigenmann 1911. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Psellogrammus Eigenmann [C. H.] 1908:99 Masc. Hemigrammus kennedyi Eigenmann 1903. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Psellogrammus Eigenmann 1908 -- (Géry 1977:434 [ref. 1597], Britski et al. 1999:40 [ref. 24147], Benine & Cassati in Reis et al. 2003:154 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Astyanax clade, Mirande 2010:514 [ref. 31006], Mirande et al. 2011:13 [ref. 31465]). Current status: Valid as Psellogrammus Eigenmann 1908. Characidae: Characids incertae sedis.

Pseudochalceus Kner [R.] 1863:225 Masc. Pseudochalceus lineatus Kner 1863. Type by monotypy. Also appeared as new in Kner & Steindachner 1864:31 [ref. 2649]. Spelling of "Pseudochalceus clade" changed to Pseudochalceinae on 22 Feb. 2014. •Valid as Pseudochalceus Kner 1863 -- (Géry 1977:414 [ref. 1597], Bertaco in Reis et al. 2003:155 [ref. 27061], Zarske & Géry 2006:37 [ref. 28750], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Bramocharax clade with question, Mirande 2010:496 [ref. 31006] in Characidae, Pseudochalceus clade, Bertaco & Malababa 2013:767 [ref. 33025]). Current status: Valid as Pseudochalceus Kner 1863. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Pseudocheirodon Meek [S. E.] & Hildebrand [S. F.] 1916:275 Masc. Pseudocheirodon affinis Meek & Hildebrand 1916. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Cheirodon Girard 1855 -- (Fink & Weitzman 1974:3 [ref. 7132]). •Synonym of Cheirodon Girard 1855, but a valid subgenus Pseudocheirodon -- (Géry 1977:566 [ref. 1597]). •Valid as Pseudocheirodon Meek & Hildebrand 1916 -- (Malabarba 1998:219 [ref. 23844], Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:218 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267], Mirande 2010:531 [ref. 31006], Oliveira et al. 2011:15 [ref. 31685]). Current status: Valid as Pseudocheirodon Meek & Hildebrand 1916. Characidae: Cheirodontinae.

Pseudocorynopoma Perugia [A.] 1891:646 Neut. Pseudocorynopoma doriae Perugia 1891. Type by monotypy. Predates junior synonyms of same year; Pseudocorynopoma published 30 April, Chalcinopelecus Holmberg in June, Bergia Steindachner on 9 July. •Valid as Pseudocorynopoma Perugia 1891 -- (Géry 1977:359 [ref. 1597], Weitzman & Fink 1985:1 et seq. [ref. 5203], Weitzman et al. 1988:383 [ref. 13557], Malabarba 1989:138 [ref. 14217], Weitzman & Menezes 1998:186 [ref. 23843], Weitzman in Reis et al. 2003:226 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Stevardiinae, Mirande 2010:533 [ref. 31006], Oliveira et al. 2011:16 [ref. 31685], Thomaz et al. 2015:10 [ref. 33893] Stevardiinae, tribe Stevardiini, Bertaco et al. 2016:414 [ref. 34561], Vanegas-Ríos 2017:18 [ref. 35531], Malabarba et al. 2020:1 [ref. 37866]). Current status: Valid as Pseudocorynopoma Perugia 1891. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Pseudopristella Géry [J.] 1960:18 Fem. Pseudopristella simulata Géry 1960. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Pseudopristella Géry 1960 -- (Géry 1977:582 [ref. 1597]). •See Malabarba 1998:232 [ref. 23844]. •Synonym of Hyphessobrycon Durbin 1908 -- (Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:134 [ref. 27061]). Current status: Synonym of Hyphessobrycon Durbin 1908. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Pterobrycon Eigenmann [C. H.] 1913:3 Masc. Pterobrycon landoni Eigenmann 1913. Type by monotypy. •Valid as Pterobrycon Eigenmann 1913 -- (Géry 1977:359 [ref. 1597], Weitzman & Fink 1985:1 et seq. [ref. 5203], Weitzman & Menezes 1998:186 [ref. 23843], Weitzman in Reis et al. 2003:227 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Stevardiinae, Mirande 2010:533 [ref. 31006], Thomaz et al. 2015:4 [ref. 33893] Stevardiinae, probably in tribe Stevardiini, Vanegas-Ríos 2017:17 [ref. 35531] in tribe Stevardiini). Current status: Valid as Pterobrycon Eigenmann 1913. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Ptychocharax Weitzman [S. H.], Fink [S. V.], Machado-Allison [A.] & Royero [R.] 1994:49 Masc. Ptychocharax rhyacophila Weitzman, Fink, Machado-Allison & Royero 1994. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Ptychocharax Weitzman, Fink, Machado-Allison & Royero 1994 -- (Weitzman & Menezes 1998:187 [ref. 23843], Weitzman in Reis et al. 2003:227 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Stevardiinae, Zarske 2010:84 [ref. 30919] but misspelled Ptychobrycon on p. 84, Mirande 2010:533 [ref. 31006], Thomaz et al. 2015:4 [ref. 33893] Stevardiinae, probably in tribe Xenurobryconini). Current status: Valid as Ptychocharax Weitzman, Fink, Machado-Allison & Royero 1994. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Rachoviscus Myers [G. S.] 1926:1 Neut. Rachoviscus crassiceps Myers 1926. Type by monotypy. •Valid as Rachoviscus Myers 1926 -- (Géry 1977:347 [ref. 1597], Weitzman & Cruz 1981:997 [ref. 8528], Weitzman et al. 1986:343 [ref. 5984], Weitzman et al. 1988:420 [ref. 13557], Malabarba 1998:231 [ref. 23844], Lima in Reis et al. 2003:155 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] and Mirande 2010:524 [ref. 31006] in Characidae, Aphyocharacinae with question, Thomaz et al. 2010:1350 [ref. 31210], Tagliacollo et al. 2012:298 [ref. 31996] but excluded from Aphyocharacinae). Current status: Valid as Rachoviscus Myers 1926. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Ramirezella Fernández-Yépez [A.] 1949:1 Fem. Ramirezella newboldi Fernández-Yépez 1949. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Mentioned (Géry 1977:487 [ref. 1597]). •Synonym of Hemigrammus or Moenkhausia -- (Taphorn 1992:221 [ref. 23654]). •Synonym of Hemigrammus Gill 1858 -- (Lima & Oyakawa in Reis et al. 2003:130 [ref. 27061]). Current status: Synonym of Hemigrammus Gill 1858. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Rhinobrycon Myers [G. S.] 1944:587 Masc. Rhinobrycon negrensis Myers 1944. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Rhinobrycon Myers 1944 -- (Géry 1977:402 [ref. 1597], Almirón et al. 2001:38 [ref. 26609], Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:155 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267] Mirande 2010:533 [ref. 31006] and Mirande 2010:533 [ref. 31006] in Characidae, Stevardiinae with question, Thomaz et al. 2015:8 [ref. 33893] in Stevardiinae, tribe Diapomini). Current status: Valid as Rhinobrycon Myers 1944. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Rhinopetitia Géry [J.] 1964:454 Fem. Rhinopetitia myersi Géry 1964. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Rhinopetitia Géry 1964 -- (Géry 1977:402 [ref. 1597], Almirón et al. 2001:38 [ref. 26609], Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:155 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267] and Mirande 2010:533 [ref. 31006] in Characidae, Stevardiinae with question, Netto-Ferreira et al. 2014:1539 [ref. 33296], Thomaz et al. 2015:4 [ref. 33893] incertae sedis in Stevardiinae, Menezes & Netto-Ferreira 2019:61 [ref. 37097]). Current status: Valid as Rhinopetitia Géry 1964. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Rhoadsia Fowler [H. W.] 1911:497 Fem. Rhoadsia altipinna Fowler 1911. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Rhoadsia Fowler 1911 -- (Géry 1977:538 [ref. 1597], Böhlke 1984:42 [ref. 13621], Cardoso in Reis et al. 2003:213 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Rhoadsiinae, Mirande 2010:499 [ref. 31006]). Current status: Valid as Rhoadsia Fowler 1911. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Rhodeoides Thominot [A.] 1884:149 Masc. Rhodeoides vaillanti Thominot 1884. Type by monotypy. Described as a cyprinodontid; referred by Myers 1953:786 [index to Jordan's Genera reprinted in 1953] to the Characidae. •Synonym of Grundulus Valenciennes 1846 -- (Malabarba 1998:229 [ref. 23844], Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:128 [ref. 27061]). Current status: Synonym of Grundulus Valenciennes 1846. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Roeboexodon Géry [J.] 1959:346 Masc. Exodon guyanensis Puyo 1948. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Roeboexodon Géry 1959 -- (Géry 1977:322 [ref. 1597], Lucena & Lucinda in Reis et al. 2003:155 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Characinae with question, Mirande 2010:490 [ref. 31006], Moreira & Lima 2011:313 [ref. 31389], Oliveira et al. 2011:15 [ref. 31685] unplaces in Characidae). Current status: Valid as Roeboexodon Géry 1959. Characidae: Exodontinae.

Roeboides (subgenus of Anacyrtus) Günther [A.] 1864:345, 347-348 Masc. Epicyrtus microlepis Reinhardt 1851. Type by subsequent designation. Described in key (p. 345) as a section or subgenus of Anacyrtus with corresponding species on p. 347-348. Type designated by Eigenmann 1910:445 [ref. 1224] (not by Jordan 1919:333 [4904]). Spelled Rhaeboides by Berg 1899:94 [not investigated], also Raeboides by authors. •Valid as Roeboides Günther 1864 -- (Géry 1977:315 [ref. 1597], Lucena 1988 [ref. 22126], Taphorn 1992:315 [ref. 23654], Lucena 1998:28 [ref. 23597], Britski et al. 1999:53 [ref. 24147], Lucena 2000:10 [ref. 24559], Lucena and Menezes in Reis et al. 2003:204 [ref. 27061], Lucena 2003:283 [ref. 27452], Lucena 2007:117 [ref. 29256], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Characinae, Mirande 2010:490 [ref. 31006], Lucena 2011:1663 [ref. 31620], Oliveira et al. 2011:15 [ref. 31685], Matamoros et al. 2013:285 [ref. 32755], Bertaco et al. 2016:414 [ref. 34561]). Current status: Valid as Roeboides Günther 1864. Characidae: Characinae.

Saccoderma Schultz [L. P.] 1944:314 Neut. Saccoderma melanostigma Schultz 1944. Type by original designation. •Valid as Saccoderma Schultz 1944 -- (Fink & Weitzman 1974:33 [ref. 7132], Géry 1977:558 [ref. 1597], Malabarba 1998:219 [ref. 23844], Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:219 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267], Mirande 2010:531 [ref. 31006], Oliveira et al. 2011:15 [ref. 31685]). Current status: Valid as Saccoderma Schultz 1944. Characidae: Cheirodontinae.

Schultzites Géry [J.] 1964:31 Masc. Schultzites axelrodi Géry 1964. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Schultzites Géry 1964 -- (Géry 1977:450 [ref. 1597], Pavanelli in Reis et al. 2003:156 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:11 [ref. 30267] as incertae sedis in Characidae, Mirande 2010:546 [ref. 31006]). Current status: Valid as Schultzites Géry 1964. Characidae: Characids incertae sedis.

Scissor Günther [A.] 1864:331 Masc. Scissor macrocephalus Günther 1864. Type by monotypy. •Valid as Scissor Günther 1864 -- (Géry 1977:323 [ref. 1597], Reis in Reis et al. 2003:156 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:11 [ref. 30267] as incertae sedis in Characidae, Mirande 2010:546 [ref. 31006]). Current status: Valid as Scissor Günther 1864. Characidae: Characids incertae sedis.

Scopaeocharax Weitzman [S. H.] & Fink [S. V.] 1985:56 Masc. Tyttocharax rhinodus Böhlke 1958. Type by original designation. •Valid as Scopaeocharax Weitzman & Fink 1985 -- (Weitzman & Menezes 1998:187 [ref. 23843], Weitzman in Reis et al. 2003:227 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Stevardiinae, Zarske 2010:84 [ref. 30919], Mirande 2010:533 [ref. 31006], Thomaz et al. 2015:8 [ref. 33893] in Stevardiinae, tribe Xenurobryconini). Current status: Valid as Scopaeocharax Weitzman & Fink 1985. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Serrabrycon Vari [R. P.] 1986:329 Masc. Serrabrycon magoi Vari 1986. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Serrabrycon Vari 1986 -- (Taphorn 1992:324 [ref. 23654], Lucena in Reis et al. 2003:156 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:11 [ref. 30267] as incertae sedis in Characidae, Mirande 2010:546 [ref. 31006]). Current status: Valid as Serrabrycon Vari 1986. Characidae: Characids incertae sedis.

Serrapinnus Malabarba [L. R.] 1998:214 Masc. Chirodon piaba Lütken 1875. Type by original designation. •Valid as Serrapinnus Malabarba 1998 -- (Malabarba & Weitzman 1999:413 [ref. 24417], Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:219 [ref. 27061], Miquelarena et al. 2008:70 [ref. 29829], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267], Mirande 2010:531 [ref. 31006], Oliveira et al. 2011:15 [ref. 31685], Zarske 2012:4 [ref. 31902], Malabarba & Jerep 2012:249 [ref. 32057], Jerep & Malabarba 2014:301 [ref. 33376], Malabarba & Jerep 2014:57 [ref. 33440], Jerep & Malabarba 2014:301 [ref. 33376], Jerep et al. 2016:289 [ref. 34362], Bertaco et al. 2016:414 [ref. 34561], Jerep et al. 2018:180 [ref. 35830]). Current status: Valid as Serrapinnus Malabarba 1998. Characidae: Cheirodontinae.

Spintherobolus Eigenmann [C. H.] 1911:167 Masc. Spintherobolus papilliferus Eigenmann 1911. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Mention (Géry 1977:607 [ref. 1597]). •Valid as Spintherobolus Eigenmann 1911 -- (Sarraf 1997:27 [ref. 22928], Malabarba 1998:215 [ref. 23844], Malabarba & Weitzman 1999:413 [ref. 24417], Weitzman & Malabarba 1999:11 [ref. 23668], Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:219 [ref. 27061], Bührnheim et al. 2008:669 [ref. 29955], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267], Román-Valencia et al. 2010:114 [ref. 30946], Mirande 2010:531 [ref. 31006], Oliveira et al. 2011:13 [ref. 31685], Zarske 2012:4 [ref. 31902], Malabarba & Jerep 2012:249 [ref. 32057]). Current status: Valid as Spintherobolus Eigenmann 1911. Characidae: Spintherobolinae.

Stethaprion Cope [E. D.] 1870:562 Neut. Stethaprion erythrops Cope 1870. Type by monotypy. The gender of the genus is treated by Cope 1872 [ref. 921] as neuter. •Valid as Stethaprion Cope 1870 -- (Géry 1977:370 [ref. 1597], Reis 1989:47 [ref. 14219], Reis in Reis et al. 2003:210 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Stethaprioninae, Mirande 2010:500 [ref. 31006] in Characidae, Tetragonopterinae, Oliveira et al. 2011:13 [ref. 31685] in Stethaprioninae). Current status: Valid as Stethaprion Cope 1870. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Stevardia Gill [T. N.] 1858:423 Fem. Stevardia albipinnis Gill 1858. Type by monotypy. Named for Mr. Steward but spelled Stevardia (no 'w' in Latin). •Synonym of Corynopoma Gill 1858 by action of first reviser -- (Günther 1864:287 [ref. 1974]; see Weitzman & Fink 1985:2 [ref. 5203], Taphorn 1992:164 [ref. 23654] as Stewardia, Weitzman & Menezes 1998:186 [ref. 23843], Weitzman in Reis et al. 2003:223 [ref. 27061]). Current status: Synonym of Corynopoma Gill 1858. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Stichonodon Eigenmann [C. H.] 1903:146 Masc. Luetkenia insignis Steindachner 1876. Type by being a replacement name. Replacement for Luetkenia [original Lütkenia] Steindachner 1877, perhaps preoccupied by Lutkenia Claus 1864 in Crustacea [original spelling not investigated]. Misspelled Stichanodon by Eigenmann 1910:441 [ref. 1224]. •Valid as Stichonodon Eigenmann 1903 -- (Géry 1977:534 [ref. 1597], Reis in Reis et al. 2003:156 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Stethaprioninae, Mirande 2010:500 [ref. 31006] in Characidae, Tetragonopterinae). Current status: Valid as Stichonodon Eigenmann 1903. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Stygichthys Brittan [M. R.] & Böhlke [J. E.] 1965:1 Masc. Stygichthys typhlops Brittan & Böhlke 1965. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Stygichthys Brittan & Bhlke 1965 -- (Géry 1977:535 [ref. 1597], Lima in Reis et al. 2003:157 [ref. 27061], Proudlove 2006:56 [ref. 28992], Mirande 2009:11 [ref. 30267] as incertae sedis in Characidae, Moreira et al. 2010:1815 [ref. 30836], Mirande 2010:546 [ref. 31006]). Current status: Valid as Stygichthys Brittan & Böhlke 1965. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Tetragonopterus Cuvier [G.] 1816:166 Masc. Tetragonopterus argenteus Cuvier 1816. Type by monotypy. Appeared first without latinization in Cuvier 1815:114 [ref. 5017]. •Valid as Tetragonopterus Cuvier 1816 -- (Géry 1977:450 [ref. 1597], Taphorn 1992:343 [ref. 23654], Britski et al. 1999:30 [ref. 24147], Reis in Reis et al. 2003:212 [ref. 27061], Benine et al. 2004:339 [ref. 27973], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Tetragonopterinae, Mirande 2010:500 [ref. 31006], Melo et al. 2011:49 [ref. 31233], Silva & Benine 2011:50 [ref. 31347], Oliveira et al. 2011:15 [ref. 31685], Silva et al. 2013:1613 [ref. 32576], Araujo & Lucinda 2014:309 [ref. 33377], Carvalho & Santos 2015:146 [ref. 33957], Melo et al. 2015:709 [ref. 35424], Silva et al. 2016:10 [ref. 34929], Urbanski et al. 2018:[1] [ref. 35973], Terán et al. 2020:5 [ref. 37440]). Current status: Valid as Tetragonopterus Cuvier 1816. Characidae: Tetragonopterinae.

Thayeria Eigenmann [C. H.] 1908:94 Fem. Thayeria obliquus [obliqua] Eigenmann 1908. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Type species originally spelled obliquus but emended by Eigenmann 1910:437 to obliqua to agree in gender with genus. •Valid as Thayeria Eigenmann 1908 -- (Géry 1977:514 [ref. 1597], Lima & Moreira in Reis et al. 2003:157 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Hemigrammus clade, Mirande 2010:500 [ref. 31006] in Characidae, Tetragonopterinae, Moreira & Lima 2017:137 [ref. 35664]). Current status: Valid as Thayeria Eigenmann 1908. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Thrissobrycon Böhlke [J. E.] 1953:168 Masc. Thrissobrycon pectinifer Böhlke 1953. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Thrissobrycon Böhlke 1953 -- (Géry 1977:594 [ref. 1597], Malabarba 1998:232 [ref. 23844], Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:157 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:11 [ref. 30267] as incertae sedis in Characidae, Mirande 2010:546 [ref. 31006]). Current status: Valid as Thrissobrycon Böhlke 1953. Characidae: Characids incertae sedis.

Trochilocharax Zarske [A.] 2010:76 Masc. Trochilocharax ornatus Zarske 2010. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Trochilocharax Zarske 2010 -- (Thomaz et al. 2015:4 [ref. 33893] incertae sedis in Stevardiinae). Current status: Valid as Trochilocharax Zarske 2010. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Tucanoichthys Géry [J.] & Römer [U.] 1997:66 Masc. Tucanoichthys tucano Géry & Römer 1997. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Tucanoichthys Géry & Römer 1997 -- (Vari & Harold in Reis et al. 2003:158 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:11 [ref. 30267] as incertae sedis in Characidae, Mirande 2010:546 [ref. 31006]). Current status: Valid as Tucanoichthys Géry & Römer 1997. Characidae: Characids incertae sedis.

Tyttobrycon Géry [J.] 1973:117 Masc. Tyttobrycon xeruini Géry 1973. Type by original designation. See Malabarba 1998:232 [ref. 23844]. •Valid as Tyttobrycon Géry 1973 -- (Géry 1977:603 [ref. 1597], Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:158 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Aphyoditeinae, Mirande 2010:528 [ref. 31006] with question, Marinho et al. 2013:739 [ref. 33025], Abrahão et al. 2019:1 [ref. 37182]). Current status: Valid as Tyttobrycon Géry 1973. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.

Tyttocharax Fowler [H. W.] 1913:563 Masc. Tyttocharax madeirae Fowler 1913. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Tyttocharax Fowler 1913 -- (Géry 1977:362 [ref. 1597], Weitzman & Fink 1985:1 et seq. [ref. 5203], Weitzman & Ortega 1995 [ref. 21874], Weitzman & Menezes 1998:187 [ref. 23843], Weitzman in Reis et al. 2003:228 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Stevardiinae, Zarske 2010:83 [ref. 30919], Mirande 2010:533 [ref. 31006], Oliveira et al. 2011:16 [ref. 31685], Román-Valencia et al. 2012:519 [ref. 32203], Thomaz et al. 2015:8 [ref. 33893] Stevardiinae, tribe Xenurobryconini). Current status: Valid as Tyttocharax Fowler 1913. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Varicharax Vanegas-Ríos [J. A.], Faustino-Fuster [D. R.], Meza-Vargas [V.] & Ortega [H.] 2020:391 Masc. Varicharax nigrolineatus Vanegas-Ríos, Faustino-Fuster, Meza-Vargas & Ortega 2020. Type by original designation (and monotypic). •Valid as Varicharax Vanegas-Ríos, Faustino-Fuster, Meza-Vargas & Ortega 2020. Current status: Valid as Varicharax Vanegas-Ríos, Faustino-Fuster, Meza-Vargas & Ortega 2020. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Vesicatrus Eigenmann [C. H.] 1911:174 Masc. Vesicatrus tegatus Eigenmann 1911. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Vesicatrus Eigenmann 1911 -- (Géry 1977:530 [ref. 1597]). •Synonym of Phenacogaster Eigenmann 1907 -- (Malabarba & de Lucena 1995:341 [ref. 21946], Lucena and Menezes in Reis et al. 2003:203 [ref. 27061]). Current status: Synonym of Phenacogaster Eigenmann 1907. Characidae: Characinae.

Xenagoniates Myers [G. S.] 1942:90 Masc. Xenagoniates bondi Myers 1942. Type by original designation (also monotypic). See Malabarba 1998:231 [ref. 23844]. •Valid as Xenagoniates Myers 1942 -- (Géry 1977:347 [ref. 1597], Taphorn 1992:355 [ref. 23654], Pavanelli in Reis et al. 2003:159 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:7 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Aphyocharacinae, Mirande 2010:524 [ref. 31006], Oliveira et al. 2011:15 [ref. 31685], Tagliacollo et al. 2012:298 [ref. 31996]). Current status: Valid as Xenagoniates Myers 1942. Characidae: Aphyocharacinae.

Xenurobrycon Myers [G. S.] & Miranda Ribeiro [P. de] 1945:2 Masc. Xenurobrycon macropus Myers & Miranda Ribeiro 1945. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Xenurobrycon Myers & Miranda Ribeiro 1945 -- (Weitzman & Fink 1985:1 et seq. [ref. 5203], Weitzman 1987 [ref. 5982], Weitzman & Menezes 1998:187 [ref. 23843], Britski et al. 1999:48 [ref. 24147], Weitzman in Reis et al. 2003:228 [ref. 27061], Moreira 2005:855 [ref. 28474], Mirande 2009:8 [ref. 30267] in Characidae, Stevardiinae, Zarske 2010:84 [ref. 30919], Mirande 2010:533 [ref. 31006], Oliveira et al. 2011:16 [ref. 31685], Thomaz et al. 2015:8 [ref. 33893] Stevardiinae, tribe Xenurobryconini, Mendonça et al. 2016:[1] [ref. 34350]). Current status: Valid as Xenurobrycon Myers & Miranda Ribeiro 1945. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Xenurocharax Regan [C. T.] 1913:463 Masc. Xenurocharax spurrellii Regan 1913. Type by monotypy. •A synonym of Argopleura Eigenmann (June) 1913, Xenurocharax published in Nov. -- (Weitzman in Reis et al. 2003:223 [ref. 27061]). Current status: Synonym of Argopleura Eigenmann 1913. Characidae: Stevardiinae.

Zygogaster Eigenmann [C. H.] 1913:22 Fem. Zygogaster filiferus Eigenmann 1913. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Astyanax Baird & Girard 1854 -- (Taphorn 1992:110 [ref. 23654], Buckup in Reis et al. 2003:107 [ref. 27061]). •Synonym of Astyanax Baird & Girard 1854, but a valid subgenus Zygogaster -- (Géry 1977:430 [ref. 1597], Zarske & Géry 1999:203 [ref. 24913], Ruiz-C. et al. 2011:48 [ref. 31365]). •Valid as Zygogaster Eigenmann 1913 -- (Terán et al. 2020:8 [ref. 37440]). Current status: Synonym of Astyanax Baird & Girard 1854. Characidae: Stethaprioninae.