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Please look in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes for authorships of sections, Families of Fishes (all), and related information. Species related to Gymnothorax miliaris: [ 11 ] records miliaris, Thrysoidea Kaup [J. J.] 1856:63 [Archiv für Naturgeschichte v. 22 (pt. 1); ref. 2572] Martinique Island, West Indies. Holotype (unique): MNHN B-2456. Type catalog: Bauchot et al. 1993:103 [ref. 20810]. Also in Kaup 1856:90 [ref. 2573]. According to Smith 2012:20 [ref. 32155], Böhlke 1982:40 serves as first reviser selecting miliaris over irregularis and flavopicta; all three described by Kaup in the same publication. •Valid as Muraena miliaris (Kaup 1856) -- (Robins & Ray 1986:54 [ref. 23100], Smith & Böhlke 1990:146 [ref. 19379], Cervigón 1991:44 [ref. 24472]). •Valid as Gymnothorax miliaris (Kaup 1856) -- (Edwards & Glass 1987:624 [ref. 9166], Böhlke et al. 1989:155 [ref. 13286], Smith 1989:906 [ref. 13285], Boschung 1992:32 [ref. 23239], Bauchot et al. 1993:102 [ref. 20810], Santos et al. 1997:121 [ref. 23531], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:134 [ref. 25013], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:148 [ref. 27754], Gasparini & Floeter 2001:1643 [ref. 25634], Collette et al. 2003:98 [ref. 26784], Feitoza et al. 2003:68 [ref. 26943], Böhlke & Smith 2003:710 [ref. 26990], Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:33 [ref. 27192], Smith et al. 2003:8 [ref. 27621], Nelson et al. 2004:61 [ref. 27807], Vaske et al. 2005:78 [ref. 36155], Smith 2012:20 [ref. 32155], Page et al. 2013:61 [ref. 32708], Wirtz et al. 2013:117 [ref. 32972], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:24 [ref. 33341], Wirtz et al. 2014:3 [ref. 33516], Pinheiro et al. 2015:5 [ref. 34324], Smith & Brito 2016:1629 [ref. 34557], Spier et al. 2018:6 [ref. 36103], Brown et al. 2019:155 [ref. 36444], Carneiro et al. 2019:61 [ref. 37250], Sumod et al. 2019:364 [ref. 36895], Robertson et al. 2020:159 [ref. 38098], Escobar-Sierra et al. 2021:74 [ref. 38844], Bennema & van Moorsel 2022:74 [ref. 39585], Carvalho-Filho 2023:52 [ref. 40480], Martínez-Servín et al. 2023:115 [ref. 40726], Page et al. 2023:52 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:115 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Gymnothorax miliaris (Kaup 1856). Muraenidae: Muraeninae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Bermuda, Bahamas and Florida (U.S.A.) south to Brazil, including Caribbean Sea; central Atlantic: Ascension and Saint Helena islands; eastern Atlantic: Canary Islands and Cape Verde Islands, possibly Azores. Habitat: marine. multiocellata, Muraena Poey [F.] 1860:324 [Memorias sobre la historia natural de la Isla de Cuba v. 2; ref. 3499] Cuba. Holotype: unknown; apparently not USNM 24961. Type catalog: Smith 1994:22 [ref. 21917]. •Synonym of Muraena miliaris (Kaup 1856) -- (Smith & Böhlke 1990:146 [ref. 19379]). •Synonym of Gymnothorax miliaris (Kaup 1856) -- (Böhlke et al. 1989:155 [ref. 13286], Smith 2012:20 [ref. 32155]). Current status: Synonym of Gymnothorax miliaris (Kaup 1856). Muraenidae: Muraeninae. Habitat: marine. myrialeucostictus, Muraena Fowler [H. W.] 1912:18, Fig. 4 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 64; ref. 1385] St. Martin Island, West Indies. Holotype (unique): ANSP 16031. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:130 [ref. 13621]. •Synonym of Muraena miliaris (Kaup 1856) -- (Smith & Böhlke 1990:147 [ref. 19379]). •Synonym of Gymnothorax miliaris (Kaup 1856) -- (Böhlke et al. 1989:155 [ref. 13286], Smith 2012:20 [ref. 32155], Smith 2012:20 [ref. 32155]). Current status: Synonym of Gymnothorax miliaris (Kaup 1856). Muraenidae: Muraeninae. Habitat: marine. grandimaculis, Muraena Regan [C. T.] 1903:418, Pl. 14 (fig. 3) [Revue Suisse de Zoologie v. 11 (no. 2); ref. 3620] Bahia, Rio de Janero, Brazil. Holotype (unique): MHNG 665.39. Type catalog: Mahnert 1976:474 [ref. 21535], Weber 1998:5 [ref. 32707]. •Synonym of Gymnothorax miliaris (Kaup 1856) -- (Böhlke et al. 1989:155 [ref. 13286], Smith 2012:20 [ref. 32155]). Current status: Synonym of Gymnothorax miliaris (Kaup 1856). Muraenidae: Muraeninae. Habitat: marine. trinitatis, Muraena Miranda Ribeiro [A. de] 1919:175, Unnum. pl. (fig. 3) [Arquivos do Museu Nacional de Rio de Janeiro v. 22; ref. 15243] Trindade Island, Martin Vaz Islands, off southeastern Brazil, South Atlantic, 20°31'S, 29°19'W. Lectotype: MNRJ 1922A. Paralectotypes: MNRJ 1922 (2). Type catalog: Miranda Ribeiro 1955:402 [ref. 12732] with genus as Mruaena, Miranda Ribeiro 1961:5 [ref. 22041] as 3 cotypes. Lectotype selected by Miranda Ribeiro 1953:402 [ref. 12732] [but perhaps specimen not isolated]. •Synonym of Muraena miliaris (Kaup 1856) -- (Smith & Böhlke 1990:147 [ref. 19379]). •Synonym of Gymnothorax miliaris (Kaup 1856) -- (Böhlke et al. 1989:155 [ref. 13286], Smith 2012:20 [ref. 32155]). Current status: Synonym of Gymnothorax miliaris (Kaup 1856). Muraenidae: Muraeninae. Habitat: marine. fuliginosus, Leptocephalus Strömman [P. H.] 1896:34, Pl. 3 (figs. 6-7) [Leptocephalids in the University Zoological Museum at Upsala; ref. 4294] Central Atlantic, 24°N, 68°W. Holotype (unique): ZMUU 699. Type catalog: Wallin 1996:61 [ref. 32133]. •Synonym of Gymnothorax miliaris (Kaup 1856) -- (Böhlke et al. 1989:155 [ref. 13286], Smith 1989:906 [ref. 13285], Smith 2012:20 [ref. 32155]). Current status: Synonym of Gymnothorax miliaris (Kaup 1856). Muraenidae: Muraeninae. Habitat: marine. elaborata, Muraena Poey [F.] 1860:323 [Memorias sobre la historia natural de la Isla de Cuba v. 2; ref. 3499] Cuba. Holotype: probably not USNM 24961. Type catalog: Smith 1994:21, 22 under multiocellata [ref. 21917]. •Synonym of Muraena miliaris (Kaup 1856) -- (Böhlke et al. 1989:155 [ref. 13286], Smith & Böhlke 1990:146 [ref. 19379]). •Synonym of Gymnothorax miliaris (Kaup 1856) -- (Smith 2012:20 [ref. 32155]). Current status: Synonym of Gymnothorax miliaris (Kaup 1856). Muraenidae: Muraeninae. Habitat: marine. flavopicta, Thyrsoidea Kaup [J. J.] 1856:64 [Archiv für Naturgeschichte v. 22 (pt. 1); ref. 2572] Brazil. Holotype (unique): MNHN (not found). Type catalog: Bauchot et al. 1993:127 [ref. 20810]. Also in Kaup 1856:90 [ref. 2573]. •Synonym of Gymnothorax miliaris (Kaup 1856) -- (Edwards & Glass 1987:624 [ref. 9166], Böhlke et al. 1989:155 [ref. 13286]). •Synonym of Muraena miliaris (Kaup 1856) -- (Smith & Böhlke 1990:146 [ref. 19379], Smith 2012:20 [ref. 32155]). Current status: Synonym of Gymnothorax miliaris (Kaup 1856). Muraenidae: Muraeninae. Habitat: marine. aurea, Muraena Mowbray [L. L.] 1931:unnumb. p. 2 [Fauna Bermudensis v. 1; ref. 13453] South shore of Bermuda. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Gymnothorax miliaris (Kaup 1856) -- (Böhlke et al. 1989:155 [ref. 13286], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:135 [ref. 25013]). •Synonym of Muraena miliaris (Kaup 1856) -- (Smith & Böhlke 1990:147 [ref. 19379], Smith 2012:20 [ref. 32155]). Current status: Synonym of Gymnothorax miliaris (Kaup 1856). Muraenidae: Muraeninae. Habitat: marine. scriptus, Gymnothorax Poey [F.] 1867:261 [Repertorio Fisico-Natural de la Isla de Cuba v. 2; ref. 14079] Cuba. Holotype: whereabouts unknown. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Gymnothroax scriptus Bloch & Schneider 1801. •Synonym of Muraena miliaris (Kaup 1856) -- (Smith & Böhlke 1990:146 [ref. 19379]). •Synonym of Gymnothorax miliaris (Kaup 1856) -- (Böhlke et al. 1989:155 [ref. 13286], Smith 2012:20 [ref. 32155], Smith 2012:20 [ref. 32155]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Gymnothorax miliaris (Kaup 1856). Muraenidae: Muraeninae. Habitat: marine. irregularis, Thyrsoidea Kaup [J. J.] 1856:65 [Archiv für Naturgeschichte v. 22 (pt. 1); ref. 2572] Bahia, Brazil. Holotype: MNHN B-3120 [not B-2758]. Type catalog: Bauchot et al. 1993:102 [ref. 20810]. Also in Kaup 1856:95 [ref. 2573]. •Synonym of Muraena miliaris (Kaup 1856) -- (Smith & Böhlke 1990:146 [ref. 19379]). •Synonym of Gymnothorax miliaris (Kaup 1856) -- (Böhlke et al. 1989:155 [ref. 13286], Bauchot et al. 1993:102 [ref. 20810], Smith 2012:20 [ref. 32155], Pinheiro et al. 2015:6 [ref. 34324]). Current status: Synonym of Gymnothorax miliaris (Kaup 1856). Muraenidae: Muraeninae. Habitat: marine. |