Please look in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes for authorships of sections, Families of Fishes (all), and related information.

Species in the family or subfamily Arhynchobatidae: [ 143 ] records

abasiriensis, Breviraja Ishiyama [R.] 1952:19, Pl. 3; Fig. 6 [Journal of the Shimonoseki College of Fisheries v. 2 (no. 2); ref. 2307] Off Abasiri, Okhotsk Sea. Holotype: [Reizo Ishiyama no. 16000]. Paratypes: (9). •Synonym of Bathyraja violacea (Suvorov 1935) -- (Parin et al. 2014:35 [ref. 33547] with question, Dyldin 2015:67 [ref. 34524], Dyldin & Orlov 2018:172 [ref. 35920]). Current status: Synonym of Bathyraja violacea (Suvorov 1935). Arhynchobatidae. Habitat: marine.

abyssicola, Raja Gilbert [C. H.] 1896:396, Pl. 20 [United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries, Report of the Commissioner v. 19 (for 1893) (art. 6); ref. 1628] Off Queen Charlotte Island, British Columbia, 52°39'30"N, 132°38'00"W, Albatross station 3342, depth 1588 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 48623 (disintegrated). •Valid as Bathyraja abyssicola (Gilbert 1896) -- (Nakaya in Amaoka et al. 1983:55, 168 [ref. 8379], Nakaya in Masuda et al. 1984:13 [ref. 6441], Stehmann 1986:263 [ref. 6151], Zorzi & Anderson 1988:93 [ref. 11866], McAllister 1990:34 [ref. 14674], Castro-Aguirre & Espinosa Pérez 1996:27 [ref. 22793], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:63 [ref. 24550], Dolganov 1999:429 [ref. 24873], Compagno 1999:488 [ref. 25589], Nakabo 2000:168 [ref. 25086], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:15 [ref. 25650], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:102 [ref. 25968], Nakabo 2002:168 [ref. 26001], Hoff 2002:145 [ref. 26938], Fedorov et al. 2003:15 [ref. 27579], Love et al. 2005:11 [ref. 37547], Stehmann 2005:S35 [ref. 28647], Stehmann 2005:S53 [ref. 28648], Parin et al. 2014:29 [ref. 33547], Dyldin 2015:61 [ref. 34524], Weigmann 2016:90 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:25 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:373 [ref. 35005], Kells et al. 2016:78 [ref. 35888], Ebert et al. 2017:58 [ref. 35618], Cerutti-Pereyra et al. 2018:87 [ref. 36086], Dyldin & Orlov 2018:168 [ref. 35920], Ehemann et al. 2018:24 [ref. 36194], Burton & Lea 2019:32 [ref. 37205], Calle-Morán et al. 2020:246 [ref. 37881], Dyldin & Orlov 2021:58 [ref. 38158], González-Acosta et al. 2021:7 [ref. 38361], Love et al. 2021:24 [ref. 39279], Knuckey & Ebert 2022:6 [ref. 39306], Ebert et al. 2022:32 [ref. 39636], Grove et al. 2022:15 [ref. 41326], Page et al. 2023:45 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:92 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja abyssicola (Gilbert 1896). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Northern Pacific: southern Japan north to Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands; then southeastern Gulf of Alaska (U.S.A.) south to Pacific coast of northern Baja California (U.S.A.), including southern Gulf of California (Mexico), Revillagigedo Islands (Mexico) and Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). Habitat: marine.

acanthostyla, Raja Philippi [R. A.] 1896:388 [Anales de la Universidad de Chile 93-95; ref. 3465] Matanzas coast, Chile. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Sympterygia lima (Poeppig 1835) -- (McEachran 1982:888 [ref. 5381] as anacanthostyla). Current status: Synonym of Sympterygia lima (Poeppig 1835). Arhynchobatidae. Habitat: marine.

acuta, Sympterygia Garman [S.] 1877:206 [Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History v. 19; ref. 1528] Buenos Aires, Argentina. Holotype (unique): MCZ 632-S. Type catalog: Hartel & Dingerkus 1997:xlviii [ref. 23119]. •Valid as Sympterygia acuta Garman 1877 -- (McEachran 1982:887 [ref. 5381], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:490 [ref. 25589], Cousseau et al. 2000:32 [ref. 40447], Menni & Stehmann 2000:88 [ref. 24909], López et al. 2002:62 [ref. 26808], Gomes & Gadig in Menezes et al. 2003:30 [ref. 27192], Bovcon et al. 2010:[5] 836 [ref. 41480], Mabragaña et al. 2011:table S2 [ref. 31800], Orlando et al. 2015:1 [ref. 33686], Weigmann 2016:102 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:25 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:469 [ref. 35005], Nión et al. 2016:23 [ref. 35565], Jurado et al. 2017:161 [ref. 35569], Carvalho-Filho 2023:317 [ref. 40480], Gadig et al. 2024:71 [ref. 40775]). Current status: Valid as Sympterygia acuta Garman 1877. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southwestern Atlantic: Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) south to northern Argentina. Habitat: marine.

aenigma, Brochiraja Last [P. R.] & McEachran [J. D.] 2006:67, Figs. 4, 5A, 6A [New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research v. 40 (no. 1); ref. 28589] Wanganella Bank, Norfolk Ridge, 32°35.3'-34.0'S, 167°41.8'-39.0'E, depth 422-437 meters. Holotype (unique): NMNZ P.9853. •Valid as Brochiraja aenigma Last & McEachran 2006 -- (Last & Séret 2012:47 [ref. 31736], Weigmann 2016:97 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:28 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:427 [ref. 35005]). Current status: Valid as Brochiraja aenigma Last & McEachran 2006. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Norfolk Ridge, New Zealand area, southwestern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

agassizii, Uraptera Müller [J.] & Henle [F. G. J.] 1841:155, [Pl. 50 (right)] [Systematische Beschreibung der Plagiostomen; ref. 3069] Brasilien [Brazil]. Lectotype: MNHN 0000-2430. Paralectotypes: (3) MNHN (2), ZMB 4619 (1). Type catalog: Bertin 1939:85 [ref. 20739], Séret & McEachran 1987:17-18 [ref. 9312], Paepke & Schmidt 1988:175 [ref. 21041]. Lectotype designated by Soares et al. 2021:5 [ref. 38440]. •Valid as Raja agassizii (Müller & Henle 1841) -- (López et al. 2002:62 [ref. 26808]). •Valid as Rioraja agassizii (Müller & Henle 1841) -- (Andreata & Séret 1996:581 [ref. 16204] as agassizi, McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:489 [ref. 25589] as agassizi, Cousseau et al. 2000:14 [ref. 40447], Menni & Stehmann 2000:00 [ref. 24909] as agassizi, Gomes & Gadig in Menezes et al. 2003:29 [ref. 27192], Mabragaña et al. 2011:table S2 [ref. 31800], Weigmann 2016:102 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:27 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:468 [ref. 35005], Nión et al. 2016:23 [ref. 35565], Spier et al. 2018:5 [ref. 36103], Soares et al. 2021:4 [ref. 38440], Carvalho-Filho 2023:315 [ref. 40480] as agassizi, Hoff et al. 2023:5 [ref. 40463], Gadig et al. 2024:65 [ref. 40775] as 'agassizi). Current status: Valid as Rioraja agassizii (Müller & Henle 1841). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southwestern Atlantic: Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) south to Río Negro (Argentina). Habitat: marine.

aguja, Raia Kendall [W. C.] & Radcliffe [L.] 1912:78, Pl. 1 (figs. 1-2) [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 35 (no. 3); ref. 14961] 5°47'S, 87°24'W, off Point Aguja, Peru, Albatross station 4653, depth 536 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 65641. Paratypes: MCZ S-1364 (1). •Valid as Psammobatis aguja (Kendall & Radcliffe 1912) -- (Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:85 [ref. 24555]). •Valid as Bathyraja aguja (Kendall & Radcliffe 1912) -- (Stehmann 1986:263 [ref. 6151], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:488 [ref. 25589], Stehmann 2005:S35 [ref. 28647], Stehmann 2005:S53 [ref. 28648], Weigmann 2016:90 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:25 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:374 [ref. 35005], Calle-Morán et al. 2020:246 [ref. 37881], Ebert et al. 2022:29 [ref. 39636]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja aguja (Kendall & Radcliffe 1912). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southeastern Pacific: Ecuador south to Peru. Habitat: marine.

albilabiata, Brochiraja Last [P. R.] & McEachran [J. D.] 2006:76, Figs. 5B, 6B, 8 [New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research v. 40 (no. 1); ref. 28589] Three Kings Trough, North Island, New Zealand, 33°55.2'S, 171°54.5'E, depth 983-1003 meters. Holotype: NMNZ P.38467. Paratypes:CSIRO H 6113-01 (1); NMNZ P.10353 (1), 11345 (1), 11346 (1). •Valid as Brochiraja albilabiata Last & McEachran 2006 -- (Last & Séret 2012:47 [ref. 31736], Stewart & Last 2015:187 [ref. 34225], Weigmann 2016:97 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:28 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:428 [ref. 35005]). Current status: Valid as Brochiraja albilabiata Last & McEachran 2006. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Off northern New Zealand. Habitat: marine.

albomaculata, Raja Norman [J. R.] 1937:22, Pl. 5 [Discovery Reports v. 16; ref. 3227] 53°30'15"S, 63°29'W, Patagonia-Falklands region, Discovery station WS839. Holotype: BMNH 1936.8.26.103. Paratypes: BMNH 1936.8.26.99-102 (4). •Valid as Rhinoraja albomaculata (Norman 1937) -- (Compagno 1999:489 [ref. 25589]). •Valid as Bathyraja albomaculata (Norman 1937) -- (Stehmann 1986:263 [ref. 6151], Pequeño 1989:17 [ref. 14125], Lloris & Rucabado 1991:31 [ref. 22530], López et al. 1996:8 [ref. 23681], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Lamilla & Pequeño 1999:286 [ref. 24267], Cousseau et al. 2000:24 [ref. 40447], Menni & Stehmann 2000:82 [ref. 24909], Pequeño 2000:87 [ref. 25224], Mabragaña et al. 2011:table S2 [ref. 31800], Weigmann 2016:90 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:25 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:375 [ref. 35005], Nión et al. 2016:22 [ref. 35565], Kim et al. 2021:52 [ref. 39117], Ebert et al. 2022:33 [ref. 39636]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja albomaculata (Norman 1937). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southeastern Pacific, southeastern Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

aleutica, Raja Gilbert [C. H.] 1896:397, Pl. 21 [United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries, Report of the Commissioner v. 19 (for 1893) (art. 6); ref. 1628] North of Sannak Pass, Aleutian Islands, Albatross station 3257, depth 81 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 48548. •Valid as Bathyraja aleutica (Gilbert 1896) -- (Nakaya in Amaoka et al. 1983:59, 170 [ref. 8379], Eschmeyer & Herald 1983:49 [ref. 9277], Nakaya in Amaoka et al. 1983:227, 313 [ref. 8379], Nakaya in Masuda et al. 1984:14 [ref. 6441], Stehmann 1986:263 [ref. 6151], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Dolganov 1999:429 [ref. 24873], Compagno 1999:488 [ref. 25589], Nakabo 2000:166 [ref. 25086], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:15 [ref. 25650], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:99 [ref. 25968], Nakabo 2002:166 [ref. 26001], Hoff 2002:145 [ref. 26938], Orlov 2003:45 [ref. 26942], Fedorov et al. 2003:15 [ref. 27579], Nelson et al. 2004:55 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:11 [ref. 37547], Page et al. 2013:55 [ref. 32708], Shinohara et al. 2014:234 [ref. 33330], Parin et al. 2014:30 [ref. 33547], Dyldin 2015:61 [ref. 34524], Weigmann 2016:90 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:25 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:376 [ref. 35005], Kells et al. 2016:78 [ref. 35888], Ebert et al. 2017:58 [ref. 35618], Dyldin & Orlov 2018:168 [ref. 35920], Burton & Lea 2019:32 [ref. 37205], Kim et al. 2020:45 [ref. 39118], Dyldin & Orlov 2021:58 [ref. 38158], Love et al. 2021:24 [ref. 39279], Knuckey & Ebert 2022:13 [ref. 39306], Orlov & Volvenko 2022:3 [ref. 39982], Page et al. 2023:45 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja aleutica (Gilbert 1896). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: North Pacific: Korea, Japan and Sea of Okhotsk north to Aleutian Islands (U.S.A.), then southeastern Gulf of Alaska (U.S.A.) south to central California (U.S.A.). Habitat: marine.

alisae, Notoraja Séret [B.] & Last [P. R.] 2012:320, Figs. 1-8 [Zoosystema v. 34 (no. 2); ref. 32072] Northern Norfolk Ridge, 23°10.41'S, 166°49.16'E, depth 870 meters. Holotype: MNHN 1997-3598. Paratypes: MNHN 1977-3599 (1), 1977-3600 (1). Plus additional non-type specimens. •Valid as Notoraja alisae Séret & Last 2012 -- (Stewart & Last 2015:194 [ref. 34225], Weigmann 2016:98 [ref. 34211], Concha et al. 2016:185 [ref. 34401], Last et al. 2016:28 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:439 [ref. 35005], White et al. 2017:229 [ref. 35200]). Current status: Valid as Notoraja alisae Séret & Last 2012. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Vanuatu and Norfolk Ridge, southwest Pacific and off New Zealand. Habitat: marine.

alleni, Pavoraja McEachran [J. D.] & Fechhelm [J. D.] 1982:8, Figs. 1b, 2d-f, 4, 5b, 7-8 [Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington v. 95 (no. 1); ref. 8443] Near Rowley Shoals, 17°17'S, 119°57'E, Western Australia, depth 350 meters. Holotype: WAM P 19118-001. Paratypes: WAM P.8226-001 (1), P.19117-001 (1). Type catalog: Hutchins & Smith 1991:5 [ref. 19335], Moore et al. 2008:5 [ref. 30117]. •Valid as Pavoraja alleni McEachran & Fechhelm 1982 -- (Paxton et al. 1989:56 [ref. 12442], Last & Stevens 1994:320 [ref. 23873], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:489 [ref. 25589], Hutchins 2001:15 [ref. 25847], Last & Yearsley 2002:1641 [ref. 26568], Hoese et al. 2006:184 [ref. 29001], Last et al. 2008:5 [ref. 29704], Weigmann 2016:99 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:28 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:450 [ref. 35005]). Current status: Valid as Pavoraja alleni McEachran & Fechhelm 1982. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Australia: Western Australia. Habitat: marine.

andriashevi, Bathyraja Dolganov [V. N.] 1983:xx, Fig. [Rukovodstvo po opredeleniyu khryashchevykh ryb dal'nevostochnykh morei SSSR i sopredel'nykh vod.; ref. 27960] Western Pacific, Pacific coast of Honshu, Japan, 36°24'N, 141°29'E, depth 1470-1480 meters or 1390-1480 meters (p. 123 in ref. 8163). Holotype: ZIN 46191. Supplementary material: (1). The original spelling in 1983 was andriyashevi; Andriashev has at least 17 species of fishes named after him, all as andriashevi; so we suggest adopting that spelling which is in prevailing usage. Also appeared as new in Dolganov 1985:415, Fig. 1[ref. 8163] as andriashevi. Types are from ref. 8163. •Valid as Bathyraja andriashevi Dolganov 1983 -- (McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Dolganov 1999:429 [ref. 24873], Compagno 1999:488 [ref. 25589], Nakabo 2000:167 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:167 [ref. 26001], Fedorov et al. 2003:16 [ref. 27579], Stevenson et al. 2004:312 [ref. 27688], Parin et al. 2014:30 [ref. 33547], Dyldin 2015:62 [ref. 34524], Weigmann 2016:90 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:25 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:377 [ref. 35005]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja andriashevi Dolganov 1983. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Western Pacific. Habitat: marine.

ankasube, Breviraja (Arctoraja) smirnovi Ishiyama [R.] 1958:343 [151], Fig. 69 [Journal of the Shimonoseki College of Fisheries v. 7 (nos 2-3); ref. 2308] Wakasa Bay, off Maizuru, Kyoto Prefecture, Japan. Holotype: apparently lost. Paratypes: (24) apparently lost. •Synonym of Bathyraja smirnovi (Soldatov & Pavlenko 1915) -- (Orr et al. 2011:41 [ref. 31854]). •Synonym of Arctoraja smirnovi (Soldatov & Pavlenko 1915) -- (Dyldin 2015:61 [ref. 34524]). Current status: Synonym of Arctoraja smirnovi (Soldatov & Pavlenko 1915). Arhynchobatidae. Habitat: marine.

arctowskii, Raja Dollo [L.] 1904:52, Pl. 9 (fig. 10) [Résultats du voyage du S. Y. Belgica; ref. 1135] Antarctic, 3 stations, depth 400-569 meters. Lectotype: IRSNB 25 [orig. 3005]. Paralectotypes: IRSNB 26-27 [orig. 3005-3007] (1 ea., egg cases). Type catalog: Walschaerts 1987:5 [ref. 20755]. Named from egg cases only. Lectotype designated by Weigmann & Reinecke 2023:4 [ref. 40336]. •Mention -- (Miller 1993:477 [ref. 21297]). •Valid as Raja arctowskii Dollo 1904 -- (Weigmann 2016:117 [ref. 34211] see remarks, Last et al. 2016:17 [ref. 34941]). •Valid as Bathyraja arctowskii Dollo 1904 -- (Stehmann et al. 2021:3 [ref. 38113], Weigmann & Reinecke 2023:4 [ref. 40336]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja arctowskii (Dollo 1904). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southern Ocean: Antarctica. Habitat: marine.

areata, Raia Solander [D. C.] in Beaglehole 1962:7 [The "Endeavour" journal of Joseph Banks, 1768-1771 v. 2; ref. 20682] Not available, Solander name mentioned in passing in the synonymy of Arhynchobatis asperrimus Waite 1909. Nomen Nudum. Arhynchobatidae.

arenaria, Pavoraja Last [P. R.], Mallick [S.] & Yearsley [G. K.] 2008:13, Figs. 1b, 2b, 6d-f, 7-9 [Zootaxa No. 1812; ref. 29704] Great Australian Bight, Western Australia, 33°20'S, 128°28'E, depth 357-377 meters. Holotype: CSIRO H 175-01. Paratypes: 23 specimens at CSIRO and NMV. •Valid as Pavoraja arenaria Last, Mallick & Yearsley 2008 -- (Weigmann 2016:99 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:28 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:451 [ref. 35005]). Current status: Valid as Pavoraja arenaria Last, Mallick & Yearsley 2008. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Australia: Great Australian Bight, southern Australia from Victoria to Western Australia. Habitat: marine.

asper, Psammobatis Hildebrand [S. F.] 1946:57, Fig. 10 [Bulletin of the United States National Museum No. 189; ref. 2161] Pachacamac Island, Peru. Holotype (unique): USNM 127786. •Valid as Psammobatis asper Hildebrand 1946 -- (Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:89 [ref. 24555]). •Synonym of Sympterygia brevicaudata (Cope 1877) -- (McEachran 1982:887 [ref. 5381], Weigmann 2016:102 [ref. 34211]). Current status: Synonym of Sympterygia brevicaudata (Cope 1877). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southeastern Pacific (if valid). Habitat: marine.

asperrimus, Arhynchobatis Waite [E. R.] 1909:20, Pl. 20 [Records of the Canterbury Museum v. 1 (no. 2); ref. 4564] 12 miles west-southwest of Cape Runaway, Bay of Plenty, New Zealand, depth 66-94 fathoms. Holotype (unique): CMC F417. Type catalog: Freeman & Tunnicliffe 1997:5 [ref. 22860]. •Valid as Arhynchobatis asperrimus Waite 1909 -- (Garrick 1954 [ref. 12644], Garrick & Paul 1974:353 [ref. 7421], Paulin et al. 1989:27 [ref. 24556], Ishihara in Amaoka et al. 1990:80 [ref. 16024], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:488 [ref. 25589], Last & Yearsley 2002:1640 [ref. 26568], Stewart & Last 2015:183 [ref. 34225], Weigmann 2016:89 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:24 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:369 [ref. 35005]). Current status: Valid as Arhynchobatis asperrimus Waite 1909. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: New Zealand region. Habitat: marine.

asperula, Bathyraja Garrick [J. A. F.] & Paul [L. J.] 1974:363, Figs. 8, 10 [Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand v. 4 (no. 3); ref. 7421] Southeast of Mayor Island, 37°25'S, 176°29'E, New Zealand, depth 190-200 fathoms. Holotype: NMNZ P.5463. Paratypes: NMNZ P.3561 (1), P.3638 (1), P.5191 (2), P.5192 (1), P.5221 (1), P.5458 (1), P.5459 (2), P.5460 (1), P.5461 (1), P.5462 (?2). Type catalog: Hardy 1990:6 [ref. 18942]. Orig. says 5462 (3), type cat. says (2); 5460 not mentioned in type cat. MDH 5/94. •Valid as Pavoraja asperula (Garrick & Paul 1974) -- (McEachran 1984:55 [ref. 5225]). •Valid as Notoraja asperula (Garrick & Paul 1974) -- (McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:489 [ref. 25589], Last & Yearsley 2002:1641 [ref. 26568], Last & McEachran 2006:66 [ref. 28589]). •See also Ishihara in Amaoka et al. 1990:82 [ref. 16024]. •Valid as Brochiraja asperula (Garrick & Paul 1974) -- (Last & McEachran 2006:89 [ref. 28589], Last & Séret 2012:47 [ref. 31736], Naylor et al. 2012:102 [ref. 32267] see remarks, Stewart & Last 2015:188 [ref. 34225], Weigmann 2016:97 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:28 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:429 [ref. 35005]). Current status: Valid as Brochiraja asperula (Garrick & Paul 1974). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: New Zealand region. Habitat: marine.

azurea, Notoraja McEachran [J. D.] & Last [P. R.] 2008:156, Figs. 1-6 [CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research Paper No. 021; ref. 29654] East of Seymour, Tasmania, 41°43'S, 148°38'E, depth 877-950. Holotype: CSIRO H 170-01. Paratypes: 10 specimens at CSIRO. Plus non-type specimens. •Valid as Notoraja azurea McEachran & Last 2008 -- (Séret & Last 2009:24 [ref. 30312], Weigmann 2016:98 [ref. 34211] see remarks, Concha et al. 2016:185 [ref. 34401], Last et al. 2016:28 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:440 [ref. 35005], White et al. 2017:229 [ref. 35200], Weigmann et al. 2021:17 [ref. 38188]). Current status: Valid as Notoraja azurea McEachran & Last 2008. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southern Australia: New South Wales to Western Australia. Habitat: marine.

bergi, Bathyraja Dolganov [V. N.] 1983:70 (in key), Fig. 95 [Rukovodstvo po opredeleniyu khryashchevykh ryb dal'nevostochnykh morei SSSR i sopredel'nykh vod.; ref. 27960] Mauka, western coast of Sakhalin Island, Russia. Holotype: ZIN 12602. Paratypes: ZIN 46198 (1). Also appeared as new in Dolganov 1985:417, Fig. 3 [ref. 8163]. Types are from ref. 8163. •Valid as Bathyraja bergi Dolganov 1983 -- (McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Sokolovskaya et al. 1998:7 [ref. 24670], Dolganov 1999:429 [ref. 24873], Jeong 1999:201 [ref. 25171], Compagno 1999:488 [ref. 25589], Nakabo 2000:166 [ref. 25086], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:15 [ref. 25650], Shinohara et al. 2001:290 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:166 [ref. 26001], Choi et al. 2003:66, 481 [ref. 26218], Shinohara et al. 2011:38 [ref. 31715] dated 1985, Shinohara et al. 2014:234 [ref. 33330], Parin et al. 2014:30 [ref. 33547], Dyldin 2015:62 [ref. 34524], Weigmann 2016:90 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:25 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:378 [ref. 35005], Dyldin & Orlov 2018:169 [ref. 35920], Kim et al. 2020:45 [ref. 39118], Sonoyama et al. 2020:13 [ref. 37637], Dyldin & Orlov 2021:58 [ref. 38158], Orlov & Volvenko 2022:3 [ref. 39982], Misawa 2023:43 [ref. 39918]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja bergi Dolganov 1983. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific: Sea of Japan (Korea, Russia, Japan) and Sea of Okhotsk (Russia, Japan). Habitat: marine.

bergi, Psammobatis Marini [T. L.] 1932:140 [5], Figs. [Physis (Buenos Aires) v. 11 (no. 38); ref. 16498] Atlantic, southeast of Punta Piedras, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. Holotype: MACN 1066. Paratypes: MACN 1066 (2). Type catalog: Braga & Piacentino 1994:99 [ref. 23697]. On p. 5 of separate. •Valid as Psammobatis bergi Marini 1932 -- (McEachran 1983:61 [ref. 5382], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:489 [ref. 25589], Cousseau et al. 2000:26 [ref. 40447], Menni & Stehmann 2000:87 [ref. 24909], Gomes & Gadig in Menezes et al. 2003:29 [ref. 27192], Bovcon et al. 2010:[5] 836 [ref. 41480], Weigmann 2016:99 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:24 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:456 [ref. 35005], Nión et al. 2016:23 [ref. 35565], Carvalho-Filho 2023:316 [ref. 40480]). Current status: Valid as Psammobatis bergi Marini 1932. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southwestern Atlantic: Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) south to northern Argentina. Habitat: marine.

bonapartii, Sympterygia Müller [J.] & Henle [F. G. J.] 1841:155, [Pl. 50 (left)] [Systematische Beschreibung der Plagiostomen; ref. 3069] Locality unknown [Buenos Aires, Argentina]. Holotype (unique): ZMB 4618. Type catalog: Paepke & Schmidt 1988:174-175 [ref. 21041]. Spelled bonaparti on p. xix and Pl. 50. •Valid as Sympterygia bonapartii Müller & Henle 1841 -- (McEachran 1982:887 [ref. 5381], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:490 [ref. 25589], Cousseau et al. 2000:33 [ref. 40447], Menni & Stehmann 2000:89 [ref. 24909] as bonapartei, Cousseau & Perrotta 2000:50 [ref. 25942], López et al. 2002:62 [ref. 26808] as bonapartei, Gomes & Gadig in Menezes et al. 2003:30 [ref. 27192] as bonapartei, Mabragaña et al. 2011:table S2 [ref. 31800], Orlando et al. 2015:1 [ref. 33686], Weigmann 2016:102 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:25 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:470 [ref. 35005], Nión et al. 2016:23 [ref. 35565], Jurado et al. 2017:161 [ref. 35569], Carvalho-Filho 2023:317 [ref. 40480] as bonapartei, Chiaramonte et al. 2023:210 [ref. 40423], Gadig et al. 2024:72 [ref. 40775] as bonapartei). Current status: Valid as Sympterygia bonapartii Müller & Henle 1841. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southeastern Pacific: Chile; southwestern Atlantic: Rio Grande do Sul south to Argentina. Habitat: marine.

brachyura, Raja Günther [A.] 1880:20, Pl. 6 [Report on the shore fishes procured during the voyage of H. M. S. Challenger in the years 1873-1876 v. 1 (pt 6); ref. 2011] Magellan Straits, Challenger station 313, depth 55 fathoms; Challenger station 314, depth 70 fathoms. Syntypes: BMNH 1879.5.14.409-410 (2). Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Raja brachyura Lafont 1873, replaced by Raja brachyurops Fowler 1910. •Synonym of Bathyraja brachyurops (Fowler 1910) -- (Pequeño & Lamilla 1985:228 [ref. 9593]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Bathyraja brachyurops (Fowler 1910). Arhynchobatidae. Habitat: marine.

brachyurops, Raja Fowler [H. W.] 1910:468 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 62; ref. 1379] Magellan Straits, Challenger station 313, depth 55 fathoms, Challenger station 314, depth 70 fathoms. Syntypes: BMNH 1879.5.14.409-410 (2). Replacement name for Raja brachyura Günther 1880, preoccupied by Raja brachyura Lafont 1873. •Valid as Bathyraja brachyurops (Fowler 1910) -- (Pequeño & Lamilla 1985:228 [ref. 9593], Stehmann 1986:263 [ref. 6151], Pequeño 1989:17 [ref. 14125], Lloris & Rucabado 1991:32 [ref. 22530], López et al. 1996:9 [ref. 23681], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Lamilla & Pequeño 1999:286 [ref. 24267], Compagno 1999:488 [ref. 25589], Cousseau et al. 2000:25 [ref. 40447], Menni & Stehmann 2000:82 [ref. 24909], Mabragaña et al. 2011:table S2 [ref. 31800], Weigmann 2016:90 [ref. 34211] see remarks, Last et al. 2016:25 [ref. 34941] with remarks, Last et al. 2016:379 [ref. 35005], Nión et al. 2016:22 [ref. 35565], Kim et al. 2021:54 [ref. 39117], Ebert et al. 2022:33 [ref. 39636], Florencia et al. 2023:[7] 363 [ref. 41301], Oddone & Paesch 2023:182 [ref. 40507], Park et al. 2023:917 [ref. 40744]). Replacement Name. Current status: Valid as Bathyraja brachyurops (Fowler 1910). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southeastern Pacific, southwestern Atlantic: Argentina. Habitat: marine.

brevicaudatus, Psammobatis Cope [E. D.] 1877:48 [32] [Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society v. 17; ref. 18033] Pacasmayo Bay, Peru. Holotype (unique): ANSP 21261. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:149 [ref. 13621]. On p. 32 of separate. •Valid as Psammobatis brevicaudatus Cope 1877 -- (Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:85 [ref. 24555]). •Valid as Sympterygia brevicaudata (Cope 1877) -- (McEachran 1982:887 [ref. 5381], Pequeño 1989:17 [ref. 14125], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:490 [ref. 25589], Weigmann 2016:102 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:25 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:471 [ref. 35005], Calle-Morán et al. 2020:246 [ref. 37881], Bessudo et al. 2021:[3] 1771 [ref. 39107]). Current status: Valid as Sympterygia brevicaudata (Cope 1877). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southeastern Pacific: Ecuador south to Chile, including Malpelo Island (Colombia). Habitat: marine.

buergeri, Raja Delfin [F. T.] 1902:267, Pl. 12 [Revista Chilena de Historia Natural (Santiago) v. 6; ref. 17397] Chile. Syntypes: (2) whereabouts unknown. As bürgeri on p. 262 and Pl. 12, burgeri on p. 267, former regarded as intended and name should be spelled buergeri. •Synonym of Sympterygia lima (Poeppig 1835) -- (McEachran 1982:888 [ref. 5381] as burgeri). Current status: Synonym of Sympterygia lima (Poeppig 1835). Arhynchobatidae. Habitat: marine.

caeluronigricans, Bathyraja Ishiyama [R.] & Ishihara [H.] 1977:74, Figs. 9a-b [Japanese Journal of Ichthyology v. 24 (no. 2); ref. 5401] Off Hachinoche, Japan, 41°00'N, 142°00'E, depth 200-400 meters. Holotype: MTUF 21803. Paratypes: MTUF 21804-16 (13). •Valid as Bathyraja caeluronigricans Ishiyama & Ishihara 1977 -- (Nakaya in Amaoka et al. 1983:57, 169, 223, 311 [ref. 8379], Nakaya in Masuda et al. 1984:14 [ref. 6441], Stehmann 1986:263 [ref. 6151] as caerulonigricans, McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:488 [ref. 25589], Stehmann 2005:S35 [ref. 28647], Stehmann 2005:S53 [ref. 28648], Dyldin 2015:62 [ref. 34524]). •Questionably a synonym of Bathyraja matsubarai (Ishiyama 1952) -- (Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:15 [ref. 25650], Dyldin & Orlov 2018:170 [ref. 35920]). •Synonym of Bathyraja matsubarai (Ishiyama 1952) -- (Weigmann 2016:94 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:26 [ref. 34941]). Current status: Synonym of Bathyraja matsubarai (Ishiyama 1952). Arhynchobatidae. Habitat: marine.

castelnaui, Raja Miranda Ribeiro [A. de] 1907:177, Pl. 15 [Arquivos do Museu Nacional de Rio de Janeiro v. 14; ref. 17763] Atlantic coast of Brazil. Lectotype: MNRJ 608 (female). Paralectotype: MNRJ19314 (1 male). Type catalog: Soares et al. 2021:12 [ref. 38910]. Lectotype designated by Soares et al. 2021:12 [ref. 38910]. •Valid as Raja castelnaui Miranda Ribeiro 1907 -- (Garman 1913:361 [ref. 1545]). •Valid as Atlantoraja castelnaui (Miranda Ribeiro 1907) -- (Andreata & Séret 1996:581 [ref. 16204], Compagno 1999:489 [ref. 25589], Menni & Stehmann 2000:81 [ref. 24909], Cousseau & Perrotta 2000:00 [ref. 25942], Cousseau et al. 2000:16 [ref. 40447], López et al. 2002:62 [ref. 26808], Gomes & Gadig in Menezes et al. 2003:28 [ref. 27192], Bovcon et al. 2010:[5] 836 [ref. 41480], Mabragaña et al. 2011:table S2 [ref. 31800], Weigmann 2016:89 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:27 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:370 [ref. 35005], Nión et al. 2016:23 [ref. 35565], Spier et al. 2018:5 [ref. 36103], Soares et al. 2021:5 [ref. 38910], Carvalho-Filho 2023:315 [ref. 40480], Hoff et al. 2023:5 [ref. 40463], Gadig et al. 2024:66 [ref. 40775]). Current status: Valid as Atlantoraja castelnaui (Miranda Ribeiro 1907). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southwestern Atlantic: Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) south to southern Mar del Plata (Argentina). IUCN (2020): Critically Endangered. Habitat: marine.

caudispina, Psammobatis Hildebrand [S. F.] 1946:55, Fig. 9 [Bulletin of the United States National Museum No. 189; ref. 2161] Chimbote, Peru. Holotype (unique): USNM 77710. •Valid as Psammobatis caudispina Hildebrand 1946 -- (Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:85 [ref. 24555]). •Synonym of Sympterygia brevicaudata (Cope 1877) -- (McEachran 1982:887 [ref. 5381], Weigmann 2016:102 [ref. 34211]). Current status: Synonym of Sympterygia brevicaudata (Cope 1877). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southeastern Pacific (if valid). Habitat: marine.

chapmani, Bathyraja Ebert [D. A.], Alfaro-Shigueto [J.], Velez-Zuazo [X.], Pajuelo [M.] & Mangel [J. C.] 2022:24, Figs. 1-4 [Journal of the Ocean Science Foundation v. 39; ref. 39636] Off Lima, Peru, southeastern Pacific, -11.933°, -78.15°, depth 1,714 meters. Holotype: MVAH 00453. Paratype: MVAH 00454 (1). •Valid as Bathyraja chapmani Ebert, Alfaro-Shigueto, Velez-Zuazo, Pajuelo & Mangel 2022. Current status: Valid as Bathyraja chapmani Ebert, Alfaro-Shigueto, Velez-Zuazo, Pajuelo & Mangel 2022. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southeastern Pacific: off Lima, Peru. Habitat: marine.

chilcae, Psammobatis Hildebrand [S. F.] 1946:61, Fig. 12 [Bulletin of the United States National Museum No. 189; ref. 2161] Chilca Bay, Peru. Holotype (unique): USNM 127785. •Valid as Psammobatis chilcae Hildebrand 1946 -- (Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:89 [ref. 24555]). •Synonym of Sympterygia brevicaudata (Cope 1877) -- (McEachran 1982:887 [ref. 5381], Weigmann 2016:102 [ref. 34211]). Current status: Synonym of Sympterygia brevicaudata (Cope 1877). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southeastern Pacific (if valid). Habitat: marine.

chilensis, Raja Steindachner [F.] 1898:332, Pl. 21 (fig. 15) [Zoologische Jahrbücher, Jena, Supplementband v. 4; ref. 4238] Cavancha Bay, Iquique, Chile. Syntypes: ZMB 15611 (2). Type catalog: Paepke & Schmidt 1988:173 [ref. 21041]. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Raia chilensis Guichenot 1848, replaced by Raja steindachneri Delfin 1901; independently replaced by Raja steindachneri Fowler 1910. •Synonym of Sympterygia lima (Poeppig 1835) -- (McEachran 1982:888 [ref. 5381]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Sympterygia lima (Poeppig 1835). Arhynchobatidae. Habitat: marine.

cirrifer, Malacorhina Regan [C. T.] 1914:16 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 8) v. 13 (no. 73); ref. 3661] Off Cape Frio, Brazil, 22°56'S, 41°34'W, depth 40 fathoms. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1913.12.4.221. •Synonym of Psammobatis rutrum Jordan 1891 -- (McEachran 1983:58 [ref. 5382]). Current status: Synonym of Psammobatis rutrum Jordan 1891. Arhynchobatidae. Habitat: marine.

cousseauae, Bathyraja Díaz de Astarloa [J. M.] & Mabragaña [E.] 2004:327, Figs. 1-5 [Copeia 2004 (no. 2); ref. 27689] Off northern Patagonian continental shelf, 41°21'S, 57°25'W, depth 141 meters. Holotype: INIDEP 719. Paratypes: INIDEP 720 (3, 12, 2); ZVC-P 4796 (1). •Valid as Bathyraja cousseauae Díaz de Astarloa & Mabragaña 2004 -- (Mabragaña et al. 2011:table S2 [ref. 31800], Weigmann 2016:91 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:25 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:380 [ref. 35005], Nión et al. 2016:22 [ref. 35565], Kim et al. 2021:56 [ref. 39117], Ebert et al. 2022:33 [ref. 39636], Florencia et al. 2023:[7] 363 [ref. 41301]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja cousseauae Díaz de Astarloa & Mabragaña 2004. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southeastern Pacific, southwestern Atlantic: southern Chile and Patagonia (Argentina). Habitat: marine.

cyclophora, Raia Regan [C. T.] 1903:60 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1903, v. 2 (pt 1) (art. 4) (for 12 May 1903); ref. 3615] Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Lectotype: BMNH 1903.6.9.134. Paralectotype: BMNH 1903.6.9.135 (1). Type catalog: Soares et al. 2021:19 [ref. 38910]. Lectotype designated by Soares et al. 2021:19 [ref. 38910]. •Valid as Raja cyclophora Regan 1903 -- (Uyeno & Miyake in Uyeno et al. 1983:78 [ref. 14275], Cervigón 1992:206 [ref. 23827]). •Valid as Atlantoraja cyclophora (Regan 1903) -- (McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:489 [ref. 25589], Cousseau et al. 2000:17 [ref. 40447], Menni & Stehmann 2000:81 [ref. 24909], Cousseau & Perrotta 2000:42 [ref. 25942], López et al. 2002:62 [ref. 26808], Gomes & Gadig in Menezes et al. 2003:28 [ref. 27192], Mabragaña et al. 2011:table S2 [ref. 31800], Weigmann 2016:89 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:27 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:371 [ref. 35005], Nión et al. 2016:23 [ref. 35565], Spier et al. 2018:5 [ref. 36103], Soares et al. 2021:13 [ref. 38910], Carvalho-Filho 2023:315 [ref. 40480], Hoff et al. 2023:5 [ref. 40463], Gadig et al. 2024:67 [ref. 40775]). Current status: Valid as Atlantoraja cyclophora (Regan 1903). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southwestern Atlantic: Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) south to southern Mar del Plata (Argentina). IUCN (2020): Endangered. Habitat: marine.

diplotaenia, Breviraja Ishiyama [R.] 1952:15, Pl. 2; Fig. 5 [Journal of the Shimonoseki College of Fisheries v. 2 (no. 2); ref. 2307] Hokkaido, Japan. Holotype: FAKU 49463 [R. Ishiyama No. 10886]. Paratypes: (31) CAS 23111-13 (1, 1, 1). The egg case was described in Ishiyama 1950:36 [ref. 18327] as Raja diplotaenia, but no distinguishing features were presented. •Valid as Rhinoraja diplotaenia (Ishiyama 1952) -- (Dolganov 1999:429 [ref. 24873], Parin et al. 2014:31 [ref. 33547]). •Valid as Bathyraja diplotaenia (Ishiyama 1952) -- (Nakaya in Amaoka et al. 1983:55, 168, 221, 310 [ref. 8379], Nakaya in Masuda et al. 1984:14 [ref. 6441], Stehmann 1986:263 [ref. 6151], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:488 [ref. 25589], Nakabo 2000:168 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:168 [ref. 26001], Stevenson et al. 2004:312 [ref. 27688], Dyldin 2015:63 [ref. 34524], Weigmann 2016:91 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:25 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:381 [ref. 35005], Dyldin & Orlov 2018:169 [ref. 35920], Dyldin & Orlov 2021:58 [ref. 38158]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja diplotaenia (Ishiyama 1952). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific: Sea of Okhotsk and waters of Hokkaido, Japan. Habitat: marine.

eatonii, Raja Günther [A.] 1876:390 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 4) v. 17 (no. 101) (art. 43); ref. 2007] Royal Sound, Kerguelen Island. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1876.3.23.21. •Valid as Bathyraja eatonii (Günther 1876) -- (Stehmann 1986:263 [ref. 6151], Pequeño 1989:17 [ref. 14125], Stehmann & Bürkel 1990:88 [ref. 21679], Miller 1993:485 [ref. 21297], Olaso et al. 1997:83 [ref. 25009], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:488 [ref. 25589], Last & Yearsley 2002:1640 [ref. 26568], Duhamel et al. 2005:76 [ref. 32059], Weigmann 2016:91 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:25 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:382 [ref. 35005], Arana et al. 2020:315 [ref. 41264]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja eatonii (Günther 1876). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southern Ocean: Antarctica; South Atlantic: South Orkney Islands; southern Indian Ocean: Kerguelen Islands (France). Habitat: marine.

echinorhyncha, Raja Miranda Ribeiro [A. de] 1923:33, Pls. 14-15 [Fauna Brasiliense. Peixes; ref. 15412] Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Lectotype: MNRJ 583A. Paralectotypes: (3) MNRJ 583 (2 of 3). Type catalog: Miranda Ribeiro 1955:406 [ref. 12732], Miranda Ribeiro 1959:9 [ref. 22036]. Lectotype selected by Miranda Ribeiro 1959:9 [ref. 22036]. •Synonym of Sympterygia acuta Garman 1877 -- (McEachran 1982:887 [ref. 5381] as echynorhyncha, Menni & Stehmann 2000:88 [ref. 24909] as echynorhyncha). Current status: Synonym of Sympterygia acuta Garman 1877. Arhynchobatidae. Habitat: marine.

extenta, Raia Garman [S.] 1913:356 [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 36; ref. 1545] About 23°S, 43°W, off Ilha Rasa, off coast of Brazil. Lectotype: MNRJ 12317. Paralectotypes: MNRJ 12318 (4). Based on Raia erinacea of Miranda Ribeiro 1907:176. Lectotype selected by Carvalho & Figueiredo 1994:1032 [ref. 22428]. •Synonym of Psammobatis rutrum Jordan 1890 -- (McEachran 1983:58 [ref. 5382]). •Valid as Psammobatis extenta (Garman 1913) -- (Carvalho & Figueiredo 1994:1029 [ref. 22428], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:489 [ref. 25589], Cousseau et al. 2000:30 [ref. 40447], Menni & Stehmann 2000:87 [ref. 24909], López et al. 2002:62 [ref. 26808], Gomes & Gadig in Menezes et al. 2003:29 [ref. 27192], Bovcon et al. 2010:[5] 836 [ref. 41480], Weigmann 2016:100 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:24 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:457 [ref. 35005], Nión et al. 2016:23 [ref. 35565], Carvalho-Filho 2023:316 [ref. 40480], Hoff et al. 2023:5 [ref. 40463], Gadig et al. 2024:69 [ref. 40775]). Current status: Valid as Psammobatis extenta (Garman 1913). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southwestern Atlantic: Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) south to northern Argentina. Habitat: marine.

fedorovi, Bathyraja Dolganov [V. N.] 1983:74, Fig. 101 [Rukovodstvo po opredeleniyu khryashchevykh ryb dal'nevostochnykh morei SSSR i sopredel'nykh vod.; ref. 27960] Okhotsk Sea, western Pacific, 44°41'N, 146°12'E, depth 1370-1550 meters. Holotype: ZIN 46190. Paratypes: (1). Also appeared as new in Dolganov 1985:419, Fig. 4 [ref. 8163]. Types are from ref. 8163. •Valid as Bathyraja fedorovi Dolganov 1983 -- (McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Dolganov 1999:429 [ref. 24873], Compagno 1999:488 [ref. 25589], Nakabo 2000:169 [ref. 25086], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:15 [ref. 25650], Nakabo 2002:169 [ref. 26001], Fedorov et al. 2003:16 [ref. 27579], Stevenson et al. 2004:312 [ref. 27688], Stehmann 2005:S35 [ref. 28647], Stehmann 2005:S53 [ref. 28648], Parin et al. 2014:31 [ref. 33547], Dyldin 2015:63 [ref. 34524], Weigmann 2016:91 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:25 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:383 [ref. 35005], Dyldin & Orlov 2018:169 [ref. 35920], Dyldin & Orlov 2021:58 [ref. 38158]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja fedorovi Dolganov 1983. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

fijiensis, Notoraja Séret [B.] & Last [P. R.] 2012:332, Figs. 13-15 [Zoosystema v. 34 (no. 2); ref. 32072] Fiji, 17°24.52'S, 178°24.00'E, depth 660/666 meters. Holotype: MNHN 1999-0450. Paratypes: MNHN 1999-0451 (1), 1999-0452 (1), 1999-0453 (1). •Valid as Notoraja fijiensis Séret & Last 2012 -- (Weigmann 2016:98 [ref. 34211], Concha et al. 2016:185 [ref. 34401], Last et al. 2016:28 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:441 [ref. 35005], White et al. 2017:229 [ref. 35200], Glaus et al. 2024:7 [ref. 40788]). Current status: Valid as Notoraja fijiensis Séret & Last 2012. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific: Fiji endemic. Habitat: marine.

fischeri, Pseudoraja Bigelow [H. B.] & Schroeder [W. C.] 1954:4, Figs. 1-2 [Breviora No. 24; ref. 5551] Southern Gulf of Mexico, near Campeche Bank, 22°42'N, 86°41'W, depth 225 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 163368. Paratypes: (3) FMNH 47915-16 (1, 1), plus 3 as study material. Type catalog: Ibarra & Stewart 1987:71 [ref. 12367]. •Valid as Pseudoraja fischeri Bigelow & Schroeder 1954 -- (McEachran & Fechhelm 1982:450 [ref. 8444], Castro-Aguirre & Espinosa Pérez 1996:26 [ref. 22793], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:164 [ref. 23897], McEachran & Carvalho 2003:559 [ref. 26985], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:111 [ref. 34398], Weigmann 2016:101 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:28 [ref. 34941] with question, Last et al. 2016:464 [ref. 35005], Ehemann et al. 2018:24 [ref. 36194], Blanco-Parra & Niño-Torres 2022:Correction, p. 4 [ref. 38986], Page et al. 2023:46 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:93 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Pseudoraja fischeri Bigelow & Schroeder 1954. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: southern Florida (U.S.A.), including southern Gulf of Mexico and northern Caribbean Sea. IUCN (2020): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.

fullonica, Raja Vaillant [L. L.] 1888:79, Pl. 4 (figs. 1-1a) [Expéditions scientifiques du "Travailleur" et du "Talisman"; ref. 4496] Holotype: MNHN 1883-0149 (poor condition). Stehmann 1973 treats as independent of fullonica Linnaeus, and that is probably incorrect; not intended as new by Vaillant. •Status uncertain, genus Bathyraja -- (Stehmann 1973:69 [ref. 7168]). Arhynchobatidae. Habitat: marine.

glansdissimilis, Psammobatis McEachran [J. D.] 1983:67, Figs. 6, 11c-d, 14c-d, 18 [Archiv für Fischereiwissenschaft v. 34 (no. 1); ref. 5382] Southwestern Atlantic, 35°08'S, 54°29'W, Walther Herwig station 38/68, depth 40 meters. Holotype: ZMH 25227 [exISH 1715-1968a]. Paratypes: ZMH 25229 [ex ISH 19-1971] (1), 25226 [ex 1569-1966] (1), 25401 [ex 1607-1966] (1), 25228 [ex 1715-1968b] (2); MZUSP 9946-52 (7), 10610-15 (6). Additional material: MP 1-11-71-72 (1); MZUSP 13114-20 (7), 13123-26 (4). Type catalog: Krefft 1987:73 [ref. 20751], Thiel et al. 2009:22 [ref. 30918], Lima et al. 2023:329 [ref. 40221]. •Synonym of Psammobatis extenta (Garman 1913) -- (Carvalho & Figueiredo 1994:1029 [ref. 22428], Menni & Stehmann 2000:87 [ref. 24909]). Current status: Synonym of Psammobatis extenta (Garman 1913). Arhynchobatidae. Habitat: marine.

griseocauda, Raja Norman [J. R.] 1937:26, Fig. 9 [Discovery Reports v. 16; ref. 3227] Patagonia-Falklands region, 52°23'S, 64°19'W, Discovery station WS 817. Holotype: BMNH 1936.8.26.157. Paratypes: BMNH 1836.8.26.158-160 (3), 1953.8.10.18-19 (2). •Valid as Breviraja griseocauda Norman 1937 -- (Rembiszewski & Zielinski 1980:99 [ref. 23212]). •Valid as Bathyraja griseocauda (Norman 1937) -- (Stehmann 1986:263 [ref. 6151], Lloris & Rucabado 1991:34 [ref. 22530], Miller 1993:493 [ref. 21297], López et al. 1996:9 [ref. 23681], Pequeño 1997:79 [ref. 23536], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:488 [ref. 25589], Cousseau et al. 2000:21 [ref. 40447], Menni & Stehmann 2000:83 [ref. 24909], Mabragaña et al. 2011:table S2 [ref. 31800], Weigmann 2016:91 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:25 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:384 [ref. 35005], Nión et al. 2016:22 [ref. 35565], Kim et al. 2021:58 [ref. 39117], Ebert et al. 2022:32 [ref. 39636], Chiaramonte et al. 2023:208 [ref. 40423]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja griseocauda (Norman 1937). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southeastern Pacific, southwestern Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

hesperafricana, Bathyraja Stehmann [M. F. W.] 1995:10, Figs. 2-4 [Archive of Fishery and Marine Research v. 43 (no. 1); ref. 22055] Off Senegal, 15°02.5'N, 17°30'W, depth 807 meters. Holotype: ZMH 24932 [ex ISH 26-1980]. Paratypes: RMNH 29377-78 (1 + egg capsule); ZIN 48402 (1), 48404 (1). Type catalog: Thiel et al. 2009:16 [ref. 30918]. •Valid as Bathyraja hesperafricana Stehmann 1995 -- (McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:488 [ref. 25589], Stehmann 2005:S35 [ref. 28647], Stehmann 2005:S53 [ref. 28648], Weigmann 2016:91 [ref. 34211], McEachran & Séret 2016:1388 [ref. 34551], Last et al. 2016:25 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:385 [ref. 35005], Almeida & Biscoito 2019:161 [ref. 37302], Fermon et al. 2022:106 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja hesperafricana Stehmann 1995. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Eastern Atlantic: Senegal south to Gabon, including Cape Verde Islands. Habitat: marine.

hesperindica, Notoraja Weigmann [S.], Séret [B.] & Stehmann [M. F. W.] 2021:2, Figs. 1-26 [Marine Biodiversity v. 51: 35; ref. 38188] Off southern Mozambique, western Indian Ocean, 25°28'3"S, 35°28'7"E - 25°31'5"S, 35°25'9"E, depth 1,230 - 1,260 meters. Holotype: ZMH 26256. Paratypes: MNHN, ZMH. •Valid as Notoraja hesperindica Weigmann, Séret & Stehmann 2021. Current status: Valid as Notoraja hesperindica Weigmann, Séret & Stehmann 2021. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: off southern Mozambique and northwestern Madagascar. Habitat: marine.

heuresa, Brochiraja Last [P. R.] & Séret [B.] 2012:48, Figs. 1-7 [Zootaxa No. 3155; ref. 31736] Wanganella Bank, Norfolk Ridge, 32°36.23'S, 167°47.09'E, depth 969-926 meters. Holotype: CSIRO H 6073-01. Paratypes: 17 at AMS, CSIRO, MNHN, NMNZ, NMV. •Valid as Brochiraja heuresa Last & Séret 2012 -- (Stewart & Last 2015:189 [ref. 34225], Weigmann 2016:98 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:28 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:430 [ref. 35005]). Current status: Valid as Brochiraja heuresa Last & Séret 2012. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific: deep banks and ridges of northern Tasman Sea. Habitat: marine.

hirticauda, Notoraja Last [P. R.] & McEachran [J. D.] 2006:66, Figs. 1-8 [Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria v. 63 (no. 1); ref. 28931] West of Shark BAy, 26°36'S, 112°09'E, Western Australia, depth 760 meters. Holotype: CSIRO H 1816. Paratypes: CSIRO CA 2820-24 (1, 1, 1, 1, 1), H 1816-03 (1), H 1822-01 (1), H 2574-06 (1). •Valid as Notoraja hirticauda Last & McEachran 2006 -- (Weigmann 2016:98 [ref. 34211], Concha et al. 2016:185 [ref. 34401], Last et al. 2016:28 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:442 [ref. 35005], White et al. 2017:229 [ref. 35200], Weigmann et al. 2021:17 [ref. 38188]). Current status: Valid as Notoraja hirticauda Last & McEachran 2006. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Australia: Western Australia. Habitat: marine.

hubbsi, Bathyraja Ishihara [H.] & Ishiyama [R.] 1985:148, Figs. 6 (A-B) [Japanese Journal of Ichthyology v. 32 (no. 2); ref. 5799] Bering Sea, 61°11'N, 179°00'W, depth 400 meters. Holotype: MTUF 23936. Paratypes: HUMZ 67575 (1), 67577-78 (1, 1), 68490 (1); MTUF 23937 (1), 23939-42 (1, 1, 1, 1). •Valid as Bathyraja hubbsi Ishihara & Ishiyama 1985 -- (McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Dyldin 2015:63 [ref. 34524]). •Synonym of Rhinoraja taranetzi (Dolganov 1983) -- (Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:15 [ref. 25650], Dyldin 2015:68 [ref. 34524], Weigmann 2016:101 [ref. 34211]). •Synonym of Bathyraja taranetzi (Dolganov 1983) -- (Mecklenburg et al. 2002:106 [ref. 25968], Stevenson et al. 2004:312 [ref. 27688], Parin et al. 2014:34 [ref. 33547]). Current status: Synonym of Bathyraja taranetzi (Dolganov 1983). Arhynchobatidae. Habitat: marine.

interrupta, Raia Gill [T. N.] & Townsend [C. H.] 1897:232 [Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington v. 11; ref. 1749] Bering Sea. Lectotype: USNM 48760 (1, poor condition). Paralectotype: USNM 48761 (1). Lectotype designated by Knuckey & Ebert 2022:20 [ref. 39306]. •Valid as Rhinoraja interrupta (Gill & Townsend 1897) -- (Raschi & McEachran 1991:1902 [ref. 16689], Dolganov 1999:429 [ref. 24873], Compagno 1999:489 [ref. 25589], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:15 [ref. 25650], Hoff 2002:145 [ref. 26938], Orlov 2003:45 [ref. 26942]). •Valid as Bathyraja interrupta (Gill & Townsend 1897) -- (Stehmann 1986:263 [ref. 6151], McAllister 1990:34 [ref. 14674], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:100 [ref. 25968], Nelson et al. 2004:55 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:11 [ref. 37547], Spies et al. 2011:80 [ref. 31143], Page et al. 2013:55 [ref. 32708], Parin et al. 2014:31 [ref. 33547], Dyldin 2015:63 [ref. 34524], Pietsch & Orr 2015:17 [ref. 34694], Weigmann 2016:92 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:25 [ref. 34941] with remarks, Last et al. 2016:386 [ref. 35005], Kells et al. 2016:78 [ref. 35888], Ebert et al. 2017:58 [ref. 35618], Ehemann et al. 2018:24 [ref. 36194], Love et al. 2021:24 [ref. 39279], Knuckey & Ebert 2022:20 [ref. 39306], Orlov & Volvenko 2022:3 [ref. 39982], Page et al. 2023:45 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:92 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja interrupta (Gill & Townsend 1897). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: North Pacific: Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands (U.S.A.) south to southern Baja California (Mexico). Habitat: marine.

inusitata, Notoraja Séret [B.] & Last [P. R.] 2012:328, Figs. 9-12 [Zoosystema v. 34 (no. 2); ref. 32072] Vanuatu, Espiritu Santo Island, Big Bay, 14°58.6"S, 166°52.5'E, depth 807/844 meters. Holotype (unique): MNHN 2008-1638. •Valid as Notoraja inusitata Séret & Last 2012 -- (Weigmann 2016:98 [ref. 34211], Concha et al. 2016:185 [ref. 34401] as inustata, Last et al. 2016:28 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:443 [ref. 35005], White et al. 2017:229 [ref. 35200]). Current status: Valid as Notoraja inusitata Séret & Last 2012. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Vanuatu, southwestern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

irrasa, Bathyraja Hureau [J.-C.] & Ozouf-Costaz [C.] 1980:21, Fig. 2 [Cybium 3e série. Bulletin de la Société Française d'Ichtyologie No. 9; ref. 8586] North-northeast of Kerguelen Island, 46°47.7'S, 70°30.2'E, southern Indian Ocean, depth 1218 meters. Holotype: MNHN 1980-1092. Paratypes: MNHN 1980-1093 to 1095 (1, 1, 1). Type catalog: Séret & McEachran 1987:12 [ref. 9312]. •Valid as Bathyraja irrasa Hureau & Ozouf-Costaz 1980 -- (Stehmann 1986:263 [ref. 6151], Stehmann & Bürkel 1990:90 [ref. 21679], Miller 1993:491 [ref. 21297], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:488 [ref. 25589], Last & Yearsley 2002:1640 [ref. 26568], Duhamel et al. 2005:78 [ref. 32059], Weigmann 2016:92 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:25 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:387 [ref. 35005]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja irrasa Hureau & Ozouf-Costaz 1980. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southern Indian Ocean: Kerguelen and Heard islands endemic. Habitat: marine.

ishiharai, Bathyraja Stehmann [M. F. W.] 2005:S40, Figs. 1-8 [Journal of Ichthyology v. 45 (suppl. 1); ref. 28648] Naturalist Plateau, off southwestern Australia, Indian Ocean, 33°42'S, 110°53'E, depth 2320-2350 meters. Holotype: ZIN 46215. Paratypes: ZMH 9547 (1). Type catalog: Thiel et al. 2009:16 [ref. 30918]. •Valid as Bathyraja ishiharai Stehmann 2005 -- (Iglésias & Lévy-Hartmann 2012:47 [ref. 31781], Weigmann 2016:92 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:25 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:388 [ref. 35005]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja ishiharai Stehmann 2005. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Naturalist Plateau (off Western Australia) and Tanzania. Habitat: marine.

isotrachys, Raja Günther [A.] 1877:434 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 4) v. 20 (no. 119) (art. 56); ref. 2009] Coast of southern Japan, Challenger station 235, depth 565 fathoms. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1887.12.7.3. Also described as new in Günther 1887: 7, Pl. 3 [ref. 2013]. •Valid as Bathyraja isotrachys (Günther 1877) -- (Nakaya in Masuda et al. 1984:14 [ref. 6441], Dolganov 1985:423 [ref. 8163], Stehmann 1986:263 [ref. 6151], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Dolganov 1999:429 [ref. 24873], Jeong 1999:201 [ref. 25171], Compagno 1999:488 [ref. 25589], Nakabo 2000:169 [ref. 25086], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:15 [ref. 25650], Nakabo 2002:169 [ref. 26001], Choi et al. 2003:66, 482 [ref. 26218], Fedorov et al. 2003:17 [ref. 27579], Stevenson et al. 2004:312 [ref. 27688], Shinohara et al. 2005:397 [ref. 28370], Stehmann 2005:S35 [ref. 28647], Stehmann 2005:S53 [ref. 28648], Shao et al. 2008:237 [ref. 29952], Parin et al. 2014:31 [ref. 33547], Dyldin 2015:64 [ref. 34524], Weigmann 2016:93 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:25 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:389 [ref. 35005], Dyldin & Orlov 2018:169 [ref. 35920], Dyldin & Orlov 2021:58 [ref. 38158], Orlov & Volvenko 2022:3 [ref. 39982]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja isotrachys (Günther 1877). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

kincaidii, Raia Garman [S.] 1908:254 [Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 51 (no. 9); ref. 1543] Friday Harbor, Washington, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): MCZ 1261-S. Type catalog: Hartel & Dingerkus 1997:xlvii [ref. 23119]. •Valid as Raja kincaidi Garman 1908 -- (Alverson 1951:86 [ref. 41114]). •Synonym of Rhinoraja interrupta (Gill & Townsend 1897) -- (Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:15 [ref. 25650]). •Synonym of Bathyraja interrupta (Gill & Townsend 1897) -- (Stehmann 1986:263 [ref. 6151], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:100 [ref. 25968], Dyldin 2015:64 [ref. 34524], Weigmann 2016:92 [ref. 34211] if valid). •Valid as Bathyraja kincaidii (Garman 1908) -- (Eschmeyer & Herald 1983:50 [ref. 9277], Compagno 1999:488 [ref. 25589], Pietsch & Orr 2015:17 [ref. 34694], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:110 [ref. 34398], Last et al. 2016:25 [ref. 34941] with remarks, Last et al. 2016:390 [ref. 35005], Ebert et al. 2017:58 [ref. 35618], Burton & Lea 2019:32 [ref. 37205], Love et al. 2021:24 [ref. 39279], Knuckey & Ebert 2022:25 [ref. 39306], Page et al. 2023:45 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:92 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja kincaidii (Garman 1908). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Northeastern Pacific: southeastern Alaska (U.S.A.) south to Pacific coast of northern Baja California (Mexico). Habitat: marine.

kujiensis, Raja Tanaka [S.] 1916:173 [Dobutsugaku Zasshi = Zoological Magazine Tokyo v. 28 (no. 331); ref. 15076] Off Kuji, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. Holotype (unique): ZUMT uncat. (lost). Type catalog: Aizawa et al. 2022:203 [ref. 39648]. •Valid as Rhinoraja kujiensis (Tanaka 1916) -- (Nakaya in Amaoka et al. 1983:61, 171 [ref. 8379], Nakaya in Masuda et al. 1984:14 [ref. 6441], Raschi & McEachran 1991:1902 [ref. 16689], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Dolganov 1999:429 [ref. 24873], Compagno 1999:489 [ref. 25589], Nakabo 2000:166 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:166 [ref. 26001], Stevenson et al. 2004:312 [ref. 27688], Shinohara et al. 2005:398 [ref. 28370], Dyldin 2015:67 [ref. 34524], Weigmann 2016:101 [ref. 34211] see remarks, Last et al. 2016:27 [ref. 34941] with remarks, Last et al. 2016:465 [ref. 35005], Dyldin & Orlov 2018:172 [ref. 35920], Dyldin & Orlov 2021:59 [ref. 38158]). Current status: Valid as Rhinoraja kujiensis (Tanaka 1916). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific: Japan. Habitat: marine.

laxipella, Pavoraja (Insentiraja) Yearsley [G. K.] & Last [P. R.] 1992:844, Figs. 1-2 [Copeia 1992 (no. 3); ref. 19886] Northeast of Diamond Islets, Queensland, Australia, 16°55'S, 151°34'E, depth 880 meters. Holotype: CSIRO H 609-02. Paratypes: CSIRO H 609-03 (1), H 609-04 (1), H 716-01 (1). •Valid as Pavoraja laxipella Yearsley & Last 1992 -- (Last & Compagno 1999:1460 [ref. 24639]). •Valid as Notoraja laxipella (Yearsley & Last 1992) -- (McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:489 [ref. 25589], Last & Yearsley 2002:1641 [ref. 26568], Last & McEachran 2006:65 [ref. 28931], Hoese et al. 2006:184 [ref. 29001]). •Valid as Insentiraja laxipella (Yearsley & Last 1992) -- (Weigmann 2016:98 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:28 [ref. 34941] with remarks, Last et al. 2016:435 [ref. 35005]). Current status: Valid as Insentiraja laxipella (Yearsley & Last 1992). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Off northeastern Australia. Habitat: marine.

lentiginosa, Psammobatis McEachran [J. D.] 1983:62, Figs. 5, 11a-b, 14a-b, 17 [Archiv für Fischereiwissenschaft v. 34 (no. 1); ref. 5382] Off Uruguay, 34°S, 50°W. Holotype: BMNH 1935.9.11.2. Paratypes: ZMH 25230 [ex ISH 1034-1966] (1), 25231 [ex 1501-1966] (1), 25232 [ex 1622-1966] (1), 25233 [ex 1676-1966] (1); MZUSP 13089-102 (14). Additional material: 13103-04 (2); CAS-SU 31621 (1). Type catalog: Krefft 1987:73 [ref. 20751], Thiel et al. 2009:22 [ref. 30918], Lima et al. 2023:329 [ref. 40221]. •Valid as Psammobatis lentiginosa McEachran 1983 -- (Andreata & Séret 1996:581 [ref. 16204], Compagno 1999:489 [ref. 25589], Cousseau et al. 2000:29 [ref. 40447], Menni & Stehmann 2000:87 [ref. 24909], Gomes & Gadig in Menezes et al. 2003:29 [ref. 27192], Mabragaña et al. 2011:8 and table S2 [ref. 31800], Weigmann 2016:100 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:24 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:458 [ref. 35005], Nión et al. 2016:23 [ref. 35565], Carvalho-Filho 2023:316 [ref. 40480], Gadig et al. 2024:70 [ref. 40775]). Current status: Valid as Psammobatis lentiginosa McEachran 1983. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southwestern Atlantic: Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) south to Argentina. Habitat: marine.

leucomelanos, Bathyraja Iglésias [S. P.] & Lévy-Hartmann [L.] 2012:41, Figs. 1-13 [Ichthyological Research v. 59 (no. 1); ref. 31781] Coriolis Bank, off western New Caledonia, 21°25.1'-21°28.2'S, 157°50.5'-158°06.1'E, depth 953-1022 meters. Holotype (unique): MNHN 2005-2740. •Valid as Bathyraja leucomelanos Iglésias & Lévy-Hartmann 2012 -- (Weigmann 2016:93 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:113 [ref. 34513], Last et al. 2016:25 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:391 [ref. 35005]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja leucomelanos Iglésias & Lévy-Hartmann 2012. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Coriolis Bank, New Caledonia. Habitat: marine.

leviveneta, Brochiraja Last [P. R.] & McEachran [J. D.] 2006:78, Figs. 3C, 5C, 6C, 9 [New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research v. 40 (no. 1); ref. 28589] Challenger Plateau, 37°32'S, 169°15'E, depth 950-1035 meters. Holotype: CSIRO H 3202-01. Paratypes: 23 specimens in many lots at CSIRO and NMNZ. Plus non-type material. •Valid as Brochiraja leviveneta Last & McEachran 2006 -- (Last & Séret 2012:47 [ref. 31736], Stewart & Last 2015:190 [ref. 34225], Weigmann 2016:98 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:28 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:431 [ref. 35005]). Current status: Valid as Brochiraja leviveneta Last & McEachran 2006. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: New Zealand region. Habitat: marine.

lima, Raja Poeppig [E. F.] 1835:148 (vol. 1) [Reise in Chile, Peru und auf dem Amazonenstrome; ref. 18560] Chile. No types known. Figured in Philippi 1892:2, Pl. 1 (fig. 3) [ref. 22759] and Philippi 1893:3, Pl. 1 (fig. 3) [ref. 14560]. •Valid as Sympterygia lima (Poeppig 1835) -- (McEachran 1982:888 [ref. 5381], Pequeño 1989:17 [ref. 14125], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:490 [ref. 25589], Weigmann 2016:102 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:25 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:472 [ref. 35005]). Current status: Valid as Sympterygia lima (Poeppig 1835). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southeastern Pacific: Chile. Habitat: marine.

lindbergi, Bathyraja Ishiyama [R.] & Ishihara [H.] 1977:82, Figs. 14a-b [Japanese Journal of Ichthyology v. 24 (no. 2); ref. 5401] Bering Sea, 57°47'N, 173°47'W, depth about 570 meters. Holotype: MTUF 21820. Paratypes: MTUF 21821-31 (11). •Questionably a synonym of Bathyraja matsubarai (Ishiyama 1952) -- (Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:15 [ref. 25650]). •Valid as Bathyraja lindbergi Ishiyama & Ishihara 1977 -- (Nakaya in Amaoka et al. 1983:225, 312 [ref. 8379], Nakaya in Masuda et al. 1984:14 [ref. 6441], Stehmann 1986:263 [ref. 6151], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:488 [ref. 25589], Nakabo 2000:168 [ref. 25086], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:101 [ref. 25968], Nakabo 2002:168 [ref. 26001], Nelson et al. 2004:55 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:11 [ref. 37547], Stehmann 2005:S35 [ref. 28647], Stehmann 2005:S53 [ref. 28648], Spies et al. 2011:80 [ref. 31143], Page et al. 2013:55 [ref. 32708], Dyldin 2015:64 [ref. 34524], Weigmann 2016:93 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:25 [ref. 34941] with remarks, Last et al. 2016:392 [ref. 35005], Kells et al. 2016:80 [ref. 35888], Ebert et al. 2017:58 [ref. 35618], Dyldin & Orlov 2018:170 [ref. 35920], Dyldin & Orlov 2021:58 [ref. 38158] with question, Love et al. 2021:24 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:45 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja lindbergi Ishiyama & Ishihara 1977. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: North Pacific: Hokkaido (Japan) and Sea of Okhotsk north to Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands (U.S.A.), east to southeastern Alaska (U.S.A.). Habitat: marine.

lira, Notoraja McEachran [J. D.] & Last [P. R.] 2008:161, Figs. 7-11 [CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research Paper No. 021; ref. 29654] Broken Ridge, Indian Ocean, 31°36'S, 95°02'E, depth 1050 meters. Holotype (unique): CSIRO H 3174-08. •Valid as Notoraja lira McEachran & Last 2008 -- (Séret & Last 2009:24 [ref. 30312], Weigmann 2016:98 [ref. 34211], Concha et al. 2016:185 [ref. 34401], Last et al. 2016:28 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:444 [ref. 35005], White et al. 2017:229 [ref. 35200], Weigmann et al. 2021:17 [ref. 38188]). Current status: Valid as Notoraja lira McEachran & Last 2008. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Indian Ocean: southeastern sector (Broken Ridge). Habitat: marine.

longi, Rhinoraja Raschi [W. G.] & McEachran [J. D.] 1991:1890, Figs. 1-2, 3a-b, 4-9, 10a. [Canadian Journal of Zoology v. 69 (no. 7); ref. 16689] Outer Aleutian Islands, 51°11'N, 178°59.55'E, depth 390-435 meters. Holotype: CAS 73564. Paratypes: MCZ 92289 (1), 92290 (1); TCWC 6874.01-.04 (4), 6875.01-.03 (3), 6876.01-02 (2); USNM 313801 (1). Additional material: CAS 47498 (3), 47704 (2). •Questionably a synonym of Rhinoraja taranetzi Dolganov 1983 -- (Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:15 [ref. 25650]). •Valid as Rhinoraja longi Raschi & McEachran 1991 -- (McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:489 [ref. 25589]). •Synonym of Rhinoraja taranetzi Dolganov 1983 -- (Dyldin 2015:68 [ref. 34524], Weigmann 2016:101 [ref. 34211] see remarks). •Synonym of Bathyraja taranetzi (Dolganov 1983) -- (Mecklenburg et al. 2002:106 [ref. 25968], Stevenson et al. 2004:312 [ref. 27688], Parin et al. 2014:34 [ref. 33547], Last et al. 2016:27 [ref. 34941]). Current status: Synonym of Bathyraja taranetzi (Dolganov 1983). Arhynchobatidae. Habitat: marine.

longicauda, Breviraja de Buen [F.] 1959:182 [Boletim do Museu Nacional de Chile v. 27 (no. 3); ref. 697] Off Valparaíso, Chile. Holotype (unique): EBMC 10181. Holotype figured in de Buen 1960: Fig. 9 [ref. 11965]. •Valid as Bathyraja longicauda (de Buen 1959) -- (McEachran & Miyake 1984:783 [ref. 17441], Stehmann 1986:263 [ref. 6151], Pequeño 1989:17 [ref. 14125], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:92 [ref. 24555], Lamilla & Pequeño 1999:286 [ref. 24267], Compagno 1999:488 [ref. 25589], Stevenson et al. 2004:312 [ref. 27688], Stehmann 2005:S35 [ref. 28647], Stehmann 2005:S53 [ref. 28648], Weigmann 2016:93 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:26 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:393 [ref. 35005], Ebert et al. 2022:29 [ref. 39636]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja longicauda (de Buen 1959). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southeastern Pacific: Peru to Chile. Habitat: marine.

longicauda, Rhinoraja Ishiyama [R.] 1952:25, Pl. 4; Fig. 7 [Journal of the Shimonoseki College of Fisheries v. 2 (no. 2); ref. 2307] Off Hachinohe to Erimo Peninsula, Japan. Holotype: Reizo Ishiyama coll. no. 16737. Paratypes: (25) CAS 23128 (1). •Valid as Rhinoraja longicauda Ishiyama 1952 -- (Nakaya in Amaoka et al. 1983:61, 171 [ref. 8379], Nakaya in Masuda et al. 1984:15 [ref. 6441], Raschi & McEachran 1991:1902 [ref. 16689], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Dolganov 1999:429 [ref. 24873], Compagno 1999:489 [ref. 25589], Nakabo 2000:170 [ref. 25086], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:15 [ref. 25650], Nakabo 2002:170 [ref. 26001], Spies et al. 2011:58 [ref. 31143], Spies et al. 2011:80 [ref. 31143], Parin et al. 2014:38 [ref. 33547], Dyldin 2015:67 [ref. 34524], Weigmann 2016:101 [ref. 34211] with remarks, Last et al. 2016:466 [ref. 35005], Dyldin & Orlov 2018:172 [ref. 35920], Dyldin & Orlov 2021:59 [ref. 38158]). Current status: Valid as Rhinoraja longicauda Ishiyama 1952. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific: Japan; Sakhalin (Russia). Habitat: marine.

longiventralis, Notoraja Séret [B.] & Last [P. R.] 2012:337, Figs. 16-18 [Zoosystema v. 34 (no. 2); ref. 32072] Fiji, 18°00'S, 178°53'E, depth 660/666 meters. Holotype: MNHN 1999-0449. Paratypes: MNHN 2007-1388 (1), 2008-1389 (1). •Valid as Notoraja longiventralis Séret & Last 2012 -- (Weigmann 2016:99 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:28 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:445 [ref. 35005], White et al. 2017:229 [ref. 35200], Glaus et al. 2024:8 [ref. 40788]). Current status: Valid as Notoraja longiventralis Séret & Last 2012. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific: Vanuatu and Fiji. Habitat: marine.

maccaini, Bathyraja Springer [S.] 1971:7, Figs. 3, 4C [Antarctic Research Series, Washington DC. v. 17; ref. 7705] Off Low Island, Antarctic Peninsula, 63°25'30"S, 62°09'30"W to 62°09'42"W, depth 91 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 204702. •Valid as Bathyraja maccaini Springer 1971 -- (Stehmann 1986:263 [ref. 6151], Pequeño 1989:17 [ref. 14125], Stehmann & Bürkel 1990:91 [ref. 21679], Miller 1993:489 [ref. 21297], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Trunov 1999:461 [ref. 24579], Compagno 1999:488 [ref. 25589], Weigmann 2016:93 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:26 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:394 [ref. 35005], Arana et al. 2020:315 [ref. 41264]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja maccaini Springer 1971. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southern Ocean: Antarctica; South Atlantic: South Orkney Islands; southern Indian Ocean: Kerguelen Islands (France). Habitat: marine.

macloviana, Raja Norman [J. R.] 1937:17, Fig. 5 [Discovery Reports v. 16; ref. 3227] 50°20'S, 62°30'W, Patagonian-Falklands region, Discovery station WS225. Holotype: BMNH 1936.8.26.72. Paratypes: BMNH 1936.8.26.62-71 (10), 1953.8.10.20-21 (2). •Valid as Rhinoraja macloviana (Norman 1937) -- (Compagno 1999:489 [ref. 25589]). •Valid as Bathyraja macloviana (Norman 1937) -- (Stehmann 1986:263 [ref. 6151], Pequeño & Lamilla 1985:238 [ref. 9593], Pequeño 1989:17 [ref. 14125], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Lamilla & Pequeño 1999:286 [ref. 24267], Cousseau et al. 2000:22 [ref. 40447], Menni & Stehmann 2000:84 [ref. 24909], Mabragaña et al. 2011:table S2 [ref. 31800], Weigmann 2016:93 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:26 [ref. 34941] with remarks, Last et al. 2016:395 [ref. 35005], Nión et al. 2016:22 [ref. 35565], Ebert et al. 2022:33 [ref. 39636], Florencia et al. 2023:[7] 363 [ref. 41301]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja macloviana (Norman 1937). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southwestern Atlantic, southeastern Pacific: southern Chile and Patagonia (Argentina). Habitat: marine.

maculata, Bathyraja Ishiyama [R.] & Ishihara [H.] 1977:80, Figs. 13a-b [Japanese Journal of Ichthyology v. 24 (no. 2); ref. 5401] Bering Sea, 59°10'N, 166°19'E, depth about 450 meters. Holotype: MTUF 21870. Paratypes: MTUF 21871 (1), 21879-81 (3), 21883-98 (16). •Valid as Bathyraja maculata Ishiyama & Ishihara 1977 -- (Stehmann 1986:263 [ref. 6151], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Dolganov 1999:429 [ref. 24873], Compagno 1999:488 [ref. 25589], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:15 [ref. 25650], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:103 [ref. 25968], Orlov 2003:45 [ref. 26942], Fedorov et al. 2003:00 [ref. 27579], Nelson et al. 2004:55 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:11 [ref. 37547], Spies et al. 2011:80 [ref. 31143], Page et al. 2013: 55 [ref. 32708], Parin et al. 2014:32 [ref. 33547], Dyldin 2015:64 [ref. 34524], Weigmann 2016:94 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:26 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:396 [ref. 35005], Kells et al. 2016:80 [ref. 35888], Ebert et al. 2017:58 [ref. 35618], Dyldin & Orlov 2018:170 [ref. 35920], Dyldin & Orlov 2021:58 [ref. 38158], Love et al. 2021:25 [ref. 39279], Orlov & Volvenko 2022:3 [ref. 39982], Page et al. 2023:45 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja maculata Ishiyama & Ishihara 1977. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: North Pacific: northern Sea of Japan and Sea of Okhotsk north to Bering Sea, east to southeastern Alaska (U.S.A.). Habitat: marine.

maculatus, Psammobatis Hildebrand [S. F.] 1946:59, Fig. 11 [Bulletin of the United States National Museum No. 189; ref. 2161] Guañape Island, Peru, 8°36'S, 78°55'W, depth 10 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 127787. •Valid as Psammobatis maculatus Hildebrand 1946 -- (Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:89 [ref. 24555]). •Synonym of Sympterygia brevicaudata (Cope 1877) -- (McEachran 1982:887 [ref. 5381]). Current status: Synonym of Sympterygia brevicaudata (Cope 1877). Arhynchobatidae. Habitat: marine.

magellanica, Raja Philippi [R. A.] 1902:312 [12] [Anales de la Universidad de Chile v. 109 (for July-Dec. 1901); ref. 14889] Magellan Strait, Chile. Syntypes: (3) once in MNHNC, now lost? On p. 12 of separate. •Valid as Rhinoraja magellanica (Philippi 1902) -- (Compagno 1999:489 [ref. 25589]). •Valid as Bathyraja magellanica (Philippi 1902) [but confused with Steindachner 1903] -- (Pequeño & Lamilla 1985:229 [ref. 9593], Pequeño 1989:17 [ref. 14125], Lloris & Rucabado 1991:36 [ref. 22530], López et al. 1996:10 [ref. 23681], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Lamilla & Pequeño 1999:286 [ref. 24267], Cousseau et al. 2000:23 [ref. 40447], Mabragaña et al. 2011:table S2 [ref. 31800], Weigmann 2016:94 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:26 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:397 [ref. 35005], Nión et al. 2016:22 [ref. 35565], Ebert et al. 2022:33 [ref. 39636], Florencia et al. 2023:[7] 363 [ref. 41301], Koerber & Kast 2023:56 [ref. 40432]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja magellanica (Philippi 1902). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southeastern Pacific, southwestern Atlantic: southern Chile and Patagonia (Argentina). Habitat: marine.

mariposa, Bathyraja Stevenson [D. E.], Orr [J. W.], Hoff [G. R.] & McEachran [J. D.] 2004:306, Figs. 1-6 [Copeia 2004 (no. 2); ref. 27688] Tanaga Pass, Aleutian Islands, 51.34°N, 178.57°W, depth 104 meters. Holotype: UW 47201. Paratypes: CAS 217190 [ex UW 47240] (2); SIO 03-159 [ex UW 47198] (1); USNM 372747 [ex UW 47199] (1), 372748 [ex UW 47205] (1); UW 47197 [allotype] (1), 47350 (11). •Valid as Bathyraja mariposa Stevenson, Orr, Hoff & McEachran 2004 -- (Love et al. 2005:11 [ref. 37547], Spies et al. 2011:80 [ref. 31143], Page et al. 2013:55 [ref. 32708], Dyldin 2015:64 [ref. 34524], Weigmann 2016:94 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:26 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:398 [ref. 35005], Kells et al. 2016:80 [ref. 35888], Ebert et al. 2017:58 [ref. 35618], Love et al. 2021:25 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:45 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja mariposa Stevenson, Orr, Hoff & McEachran 2004. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: North Pacific: Aleutian Islands (U.S.A.) endemic. Habitat: marine.

marplatensis, Raia Marini [T. L.] 1935:503, Fig. [Physis (Buenos Aires) v. 11 (no. 40); ref. 13897] Atlantic, near Mar del Plata, Buenos Airees Province, Argentina. Holotype: MACN 1119. Paratypes: MACN 1119 (1). Type catalog: Braga & Piacentino 1994:102 [ref. 23697]. •Synonym of Sympterygia bonapartii Müller & Henle 1841 -- (McEachran 1982:887 [ref. 5381] as bonapartei). Current status: Synonym of Sympterygia bonapartii Müller & Henle 1841. Arhynchobatidae. Habitat: marine.

martinezi, Notoraja Concha [F. J.], Ebert [D. A.] & Long [D. J.] 2016:180, Figs. 1-7 [Zootaxa 4098 (no. 1); ref. 34401] Eastern Central Pacific Ocean, off Ecuador, 0°28'29.14"S, 81°7'9.67"W. Holotype: MEPN 18198. Paratypes: USNM. •Valid as Notoraja martinezi Concha, Ebert & Long 2016 -- (Calle-Morán et al. 2020:246 [ref. 37881], Zavalaga et al. 2024:2 [ref. 41121]). Current status: Valid as Notoraja martinezi Concha, Ebert & Long 2016. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Costa Rica south to northern Peru. Habitat: marine.

matsubarai, Breviraja Ishiyama [R.] 1952:10, Pl. 1; Fig. 3 [Journal of the Shimonoseki College of Fisheries v. 2 (no. 2); ref. 2307] Off Erimo Peninsula, Hokkaido, Japan. Holotype: FAKU 49458 [R. Ishiyama no. 16701]. Paratypes: (17) CAS 23114-15 (1, 1). •Valid as Bathyraja matsubarai (Ishiyama 1952) -- (Nakaya in Amaoka et al. 1983:57, 169, 223, 311 [ref. 8379], Nakaya in Masuda et al. 1984:14 [ref. 6441], Stehmann 1986:263 [ref. 6151], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Dolganov 1999:429 [ref. 24873], Compagno 1999:488 [ref. 25589], Nakabo 2000:169 [ref. 25086], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:15 [ref. 25650], Shinohara et al. 2001:290 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:169 [ref. 26001], Orlov 2003:45 [ref. 26942], Fedorov et al. 2003:18 [ref. 27579], Stehmann 2005:S35 [ref. 28647], Stehmann 2005:S53 [ref. 28648], Spies et al. 2011:80 [ref. 31143], Parin et al. 2014:32 [ref. 33547], Dyldin 2015:65 [ref. 34524], Tohkairin et al. 2015:4 [ref. 35331], Weigmann 2016:94 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:26 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:399 [ref. 35005], Dyldin & Orlov 2018:170 [ref. 35920], Dyldin & Orlov 2021:58 [ref. 38158], Love et al. 2021:25 [ref. 39279], Orlov & Volvenko 2022:3 [ref. 39982], Page et al. 2023:45 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja matsubarai (Ishiyama 1952). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific: northern Japan north to northern Sea of Okhotsk; ?Bering Sea. Habitat: marine.

meridionalis, Bathyraja Stehmann [M. F. W.] 1987:37, Figs. 1-9 [Archiv für Fischereiwissenschaft v. 38 (nos 1-2); ref. 9121] Eastern slope off South Georgia Island, South Atlantic, 53°56'S, 35°40'W, Walther Herwig station 33/76, southern Atlantic, depth 800 meters. Holotype: ZMH 24933 [ex ISH 328-1976]. Paratypes: ZMH 24934 [ex ISH 348-1976] (1). Type catalog: Krefft 1987:72 [ref. 20751], Thiel et al. 2009:16 [ref. 30918]. •Valid as Bathyraja meridionalis Stehmann 1987 -- (McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:488 [ref. 25589], Stehmann 2005:S35 [ref. 28647], Stehmann 2005:S53 [ref. 28648], Weigmann 2016:94 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:26 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:400 [ref. 35005], Kim et al. 2021:60 [ref. 39117], Ebert et al. 2022:32 [ref. 39636]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja meridionalis Stehmann 1987. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Antarctic and western Pacific. Habitat: marine.

meta, Raja agassizi var. Miranda Ribeiro [A. de] 1903:163 [20] [Boletim Sociedade Nacional Agricultura, Rio de Janeiro [Lavoura] 1903 (nos 4-7); ref. 3709] East-southeast of Ilha Rasa, off coast of Brazil. Syntypes: MNRJ 597-604 (12). Type catalog: Miranda Ribeiro 1955:406 [ref. 12732]. On p. 20 of separate. •Synonym of Atlantoraja cyclophora (Regan 1903) -- (Soares et al. 2021:13 [ref. 38910]). Current status: Synonym of Atlantoraja cyclophora (Regan 1903). Arhynchobatidae. Habitat: marine.

microps, Raja Günther [A.] 1880:12, Pl. 4 [Report on the shore fishes procured during the voyage of H. M. S. Challenger in the years 1873-1876 v. 1 (pt 6); ref. 2011] Argentina. Syntypes: (2) BMNH 1879.5.14.415 (1) Rio de la Plata mouth, Challenger station 321, depth 13 fathoms. •Valid as Psammobatis microps (Günther 1880) -- (López et al. 2002:62 [ref. 26808]). •Synonym of Sympterygia bonapartei Müller & Henle 1841 -- (McEachran 1982:887 [ref. 5381], Menni & Stehmann 2000:89 [ref. 24909]). •Synonym of Sympterygia bonapartii Müller & Henle 1841. Current status: Synonym of Sympterygia bonapartii Müller & Henle 1841. Arhynchobatidae. Habitat: marine.

microspinifera, Brochiraja Last [P. R.] & McEachran [J. D.] 2006:85, Figs. 3D, 5D, 6D, 11 [New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research v. 40 (no. 1); ref. 28589] Off North Island, New Zealand, 38°29.6'S, 178°44.9'E, depth 871-901 meters. Holotype: NMNZ P.17714. Paratypes: CSIRO H 5960-01 to 02 (1, 1); NMNZ P.18054 (1), 18102 (1), 19685 (1), 22094 (1), 24750 (1), 26227 (1). Plus non-type material. •Valid as Brochiraja microspinifera Last & McEachran 2006 -- (Last & Séret 2012:47 [ref. 31736], Stewart & Last 2015:191 [ref. 34225], Weigmann 2016:98 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:28 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:432 [ref. 35005]). Current status: Valid as Brochiraja microspinifera Last & McEachran 2006. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: New Zealand. Habitat: marine.

microtrachys, Raja Osburn [R. C.] & Nichols [J. T.] 1916:142, Fig. 1 [Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History v. 35 (art. 16); ref. 15062] Southwest of San Diego, California, U.S.A., about 31°N, Albatross station 5673, depth 1090 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 87538 [ex AMNH 5198]. Species misspelled microstachys in caption to Fig. 1. Locality changed in Townsend & Nichols 1925:6 [ref. 4420]. •Synonym of Bathyraja trachura (Gilbert 1892) -- (Castro-Aguirre & Espinosa Pérez 1996:27 [ref. 22793], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:105 [ref. 25968], Dyldin 2015:66 [ref. 34524], Weigmann 2016:97 [ref. 34211]). •Valid as Bathyraja microtrachys (Osburn & Nichols 1916) -- (Compagno 1999:488 [ref. 25589], Love et al. 2005:11 [ref. 37547], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:110 [ref. 34398], Last et al. 2016:26 [ref. 34941] with remarks, Last et al. 2016:401 [ref. 35005], Ebert et al. 2017:58 [ref. 35618], Burton & Lea 2019:98 [ref. 37205], Orr et al. 2019:41 [ref. 37029], Love et al. 2021:25 [ref. 39279], Knuckey & Ebert 2022:33 [ref. 39306], Page et al. 2023:45 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:92 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja microtrachys (Osburn & Nichols 1916). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Northeastern Pacific: southern British Columbia (Canada) south to Pacific coast of central Baja California (Mexico); Gulf of California (Mexico). Habitat: marine.

minispinosa, Bathyraja Ishiyama [R.] & Ishihara [H.] 1977:83, Figs. 15a-b [Japanese Journal of Ichthyology v. 24 (no. 2); ref. 5401] Bering Sea, 59°10'N, 166°19'E, depth about 450 meters. Holotype: MTUF 21872. Paratypes: MTUF 21873 (1), 21899-910 (12). •Valid as Bathyraja minispinosa Ishiyama & Ishihara 1977 -- (Nakaya in Amaoka et al. 1983:59, 170, 225, 312 [ref. 8379], Nakaya in Masuda et al. 1984:14 [ref. 6441], Stehmann 1986:263 [ref. 6151], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Dolganov 1999:429 [ref. 24873], Compagno 1999:488 [ref. 25589], Nakabo 2000:165 [ref. 25086], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:15 [ref. 25650], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:104 [ref. 25968], Nakabo 2002:165 [ref. 26001], Orlov 2003:45 [ref. 26942], Fedorov et al. 2003:13 [ref. 27579], Love et al. 2005:11 [ref. 37547], Stehmann 2005:S35 [ref. 28647], Stehmann 2005:S53 [ref. 28648], Page et al. 2013: 55 [ref. 32708], Parin et al. 2014:32 [ref. 33547], Dyldin 2015:65 [ref. 34524], Weigmann 2016:94 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:26 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:402 [ref. 35005], Kells et al. 2016:80 [ref. 35888], Ebert et al. 2017:58 [ref. 35618], Dyldin & Orlov 2018:171 [ref. 35920], Dyldin & Orlov 2021:58 [ref. 38158], Love et al. 2021:25 [ref. 39279], Orlov & Volvenko 2022:3 [ref. 39982], Page et al. 2023:45 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja minispinosa Ishiyama & Ishihara 1977. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: North Pacific: Hokkaido (Japan) and Sea of Okhotsk north to Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands (U.S.A.), then south to northern British Columbia (Canada). Habitat: marine.

mira, Raja (Malacorhina) Garman [S.] 1877:207 [Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History v. 19; ref. 1528] Mejillones, Chile. Holotype (unique): MCZ 226-S. Type catalog: Hartel & Dingerkus 1997:xlvii [ref. 23119]. •Questionably a synonym of Psammobatis scobina (Philippi 1857) -- (McEachran 1983:54 [ref. 5382]). •Synonym of Psammobatis scobina (Philippi 1857) -- (Pequeño & Lamilla 1985:247 [ref. 9593], Lloris & Rucabado 1991:42 [ref. 22530]). Current status: Synonym of Psammobatis scobina (Philippi 1857). Arhynchobatidae. Habitat: marine.

mosaica, Pavoraja Last [P. R.], Mallick [S.] & Yearsley [G. K.] 2008:19, Figs. 1c, 2c, 10-12, 13a-c [Zootaxa No. 1812; ref. 29704] Northeast of Whitsunday Group, Queensland, Australia, 19°38'S, 150°33'E, depth 312-318 meters. Holotype: CSIRO H 643-02. Paratypes: CSIRO H 595-01 (1), 595-03 (1), 595-04 (1), 643-03 (1), 651-01 (1), 652-01 (1), 652-02 (1), 712-01 (1), 720-09 (2). •Valid as Pavoraja mosaica Last, Mallick & Yearsley 2008 -- (Weigmann 2016:99 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:28 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:452 [ref. 35005]). Current status: Valid as Pavoraja mosaica Last, Mallick & Yearsley 2008. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Off Queensland, Australia. Habitat: marine.

multispinis, Raja Norman [J. R.] 1937:20, Fig. 6 [Discovery Reports v. 16; ref. 3227] Northwest of Falkland Islands, 5l°39'30"S, 62°0l'l5"W, Discovery station WS851. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1936.8.26.95. •Valid as Rhinoraja multispinis (Norman 1937) -- (Compagno 1999:489 [ref. 25589]). •Valid as Bathyraja multispinis (Norman 1937) -- (Stehmann 1986:263 [ref. 6151], Balushkin & Gushchin 1988:114 [ref. 23152], Pequeño 1997:79 [ref. 23536], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Lamilla & Pequeño 1999:281 [ref. 24267], Cousseau et al. 2000:19 [ref. 40447] as multispinnis, Menni & Stehmann 2000:85 [ref. 24909], Mabragaña et al. 2011:table S2 [ref. 31800], Weigmann 2016:94 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:26 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:403 [ref. 35005], Nión et al. 2016:23 [ref. 35565], Kim et al. 2021:62 [ref. 39117], Ebert et al. 2022:33 [ref. 39636], Roman et al. 2022:[2] [ref. 39693]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja multispinis (Norman 1937). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southeastern Pacific, southwestern Atlantic: Chile, Argentina. Habitat: marine.

murrayi, Raja Günther [A.] 1880:15, Pl. 5 [Report on the shore fishes procured during the voyage of H. M. S. Challenger in the years 1873-1876 v. 1 (pt 6); ref. 2011] Kerguelen Island. Syntypes: (5) BMNH 1953.8.10.2-5 (4). •Valid as Rhinoraja murrayi (Günther 1880) -- (Compagno 1999:489 [ref. 25589]). •Valid as Bathyraja murrayi (Günther 1880) -- (Stehmann 1986:263 [ref. 6151], Stehmann & Bürkel 1990:93 [ref. 21679], Miller 1993:487 [ref. 21297], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Last & Yearsley 2002:1640 [ref. 26568], Duhamel et al. 2005:80 [ref. 32059], Weigmann 2016:94 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:26 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:404 [ref. 35005]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja murrayi (Günther 1880). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southern Indian Ocean: Kerguelen Island and Heard Islands. Habitat: marine.

nitida, Raja Günther [A.] 1880:27, Pl. 14 (fig. A) [Report on the shore fishes procured during the voyage of H. M. S. Challenger in the years 1873-1876 v. 1 (pt 6); ref. 2011] Off Twofold Bay, New South Wales, Australia, depth about 120 fathoms. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1879.5.14.417. •Valid as Pavoraja nitida (Günther 1880) -- (McEachran & Fechhelm 1982:7 [ref. 8443], Paxton et al. 1989:56 [ref. 12442], Gomon et al. 1994:160 [ref. 22532], Last & Stevens 1994:322 [ref. 23873], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:489 [ref. 25589], Hutchins 2001:15 [ref. 25847], Last & Yearsley 2002:1641 [ref. 26568], Hoese et al. 2006:184 [ref. 29001], Last et al. 2008:24 [ref. 29704], Last & White 2008:123 [ref. 30618], Weigmann 2016:99 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:28 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:453 [ref. 35005]). Current status: Valid as Pavoraja nitida (Günther 1880). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Australia: southern Queensland to southern Australia and to Western Australia. Habitat: marine.

normani, Psammobatis McEachran [J. D.] 1983:74, Figs. 7, 12c-d, 14f-g, 20 [Archiv für Fischereiwissenschaft v. 34 (no. 1); ref. 5382] Southwestern Atlantic, 51°01'S, 58°54'W, William Scoresby station 73, depth 121 meters. Holotype: BMNH 1981.10.20.1. Paratypes: BMNH 1981.10.20.2-13 [ex 1936.8.26.198-207] (12), 1936.8.26.208-09 (2). Additional material: BMNH 1982.12.12.1-9 (9), 1936.8.26.176-177 (2), 1936.8.26.198-200 (3); ISH 272-1978 (1), 292-1978 (1), 1449-1966 (1), 1460-1966 (1), 1483-1966 (1). •Valid as Psammobatis normani McEachran 1983 -- (Pequeño 1997:79 [ref. 23536], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:489 [ref. 25589], Cousseau et al. 2000:28 [ref. 40447], Menni & Stehmann 2000:87 [ref. 24909], Cousseau & Perrotta 2000:48 [ref. 25942]m, Mabragaña et al. 2011:8 and table S2 [ref. 31800], Weigmann 2016:100 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:24 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:459 [ref. 35005], Nión et al. 2016:23 [ref. 35565], Mabragaña et al. 2020:7 [ref. 37531], Florencia et al. 2023:[7] 363 [ref. 41301]). Current status: Valid as Psammobatis normani McEachran 1983. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southeastern Pacific; southwestern Atlantic: Patagonia (Argentina), Falkland Islands. Habitat: marine.

notoroensis, Bathyraja Ishiyama [R.] & Ishihara [H.] 1977:78, Figs. 12a-b [Japanese Journal of Ichthyology v. 24 (no. 2); ref. 5401] Off Notoro Peninsula, 44°00'N, 144°30'E, depth 600 meters. Holotype: MTUF 21817. Paratypes: FAKU 49459 (1); HUMZ 34830 (1), 34833 (1), 34870 (1); MTUF 21818-19 (1, 1). •Questionably a synonym of Bathyraja matsubarai (Ishiyama 1952) -- (Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:15 [ref. 25650]). •Synonym of Bathyraja matsubarai (Ishiyama 1952) -- (Weigmann 2016:94 [ref. 34211]). •Valid as Bathyraja notoroensis Ishiyama & Ishihara 1977 -- (Nakaya in Amaoka et al. 1983:57, 169, 223, 311 [ref. 8379], Nakaya in Masuda et al. 1984:14 [ref. 6441], Stehmann 1986:263 [ref. 6151], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:488 [ref. 25589], Stehmann 2005:S35 [ref. 28647], Stehmann 2005:S53 [ref. 28648], Dyldin 2015:65 [ref. 34524], Last et al. 2016:26 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:405 [ref. 35005], Dyldin & Orlov 2018:171 [ref. 35920]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja notoroensis Ishiyama & Ishihara 1977. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific: Japan. Habitat: marine.

obtusa, Raia Gill [T. N.] & Townsend [C. H.] 1897:231 [Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington v. 11; ref. 1749] Bering Sea. Holotype: USNM 48763. •Valid as Rhinoraja obtusa (Gill & Townsend 1897) -- (Compagno 1999:489 [ref. 25589]). •Synonym of Bathyraja parmifera (Bean 1881) -- (Stehmann 1986:263 [ref. 6151], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:98 [ref. 2596], Orr et al. 2011:35 [ref. 31854], Dyldin 2015:60 [ref. 34524] as Arctoraja, Weigmann 2016:95 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:26 [ref. 34941]). •Synonym of Arctoraja parmifera (Bean 1881). Current status: Synonym of Arctoraja parmifera (Bean 1881). Arhynchobatidae. Habitat: marine.

ochroderma, Notoraja McEachran [J. D.] & Last [P. R.] 1994:413, Fig. 1 [Copeia 1994 (no. 2); ref. 22016] Off Queensland, Australia, 17°35'S, 149°35'E, depth 444-450 meters. Holotype: CSIRO H 2484-01. Paratypes: CSIRO H 2483-01 (1), H 2485-01 (1), H 2485-03 (1), H 2485-04 (1). •Valid as Notoraja ochroderma McEachran & Last 1994 -- (McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Last & Compagno 1999:1459 [ref. 24639], Compagno 1999:489 [ref. 25589], Last & Yearsley 2002:1641 [ref. 26568] with generic placement uncertain, Last & McEachran 2006:65 [ref. 28931], Hoese et al. 2006:184 [ref. 29001], Séret & Last 2009:24 [ref. 30312], Séret & Last 2012:339 [ref. 32072], Weigmann 2016:99 [ref. 34211], Concha et al. 2016:185 [ref. 34401], Last et al. 2016:28 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:446 [ref. 35005], White et al. 2017:229 [ref. 35200]). Current status: Valid as Notoraja ochroderma McEachran & Last 1994. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Northeastern Australia. Habitat: marine.

odai, Rhinoraja Ishiyama [R.] 1958:347 [155], Pl. lJ; Fig. 70 [Journal of the Shimonoseki College of Fisheries v. 7 (nos 2-3); ref. 2308] Off Izu Peninsula, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. Holotype: not researched. Paratypes: (16 specimens, 2 egg capsules). FAKU (2). •Valid as Rhinoraja odai Ishiyama 1958 -- (Nakaya in Masuda et al. 1984:15 [ref. 6441], Raschi & McEachran 1991:1902 [ref. 16689], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Dolganov 1999:429 [ref. 24873], Compagno 1999:489 [ref. 25589], Nakabo 2000:170 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:170 [ref. 26001], Stevenson et al. 2004:312 [ref. 27688], Weigmann 2016:101 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:27 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:467 [ref. 35005]). Current status: Valid as Rhinoraja odai Ishiyama 1958. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Western North Pacific: Japan. Habitat: marine.

pacifica, Bathyraja Last [P. R.], Stewart [A. L.] & Séret [B.] 2016:108, Figs. 1-6 [Zootaxa 4132 (no. 1); ref. 34513] Norfolk Ridge, New Zealand (35°37'S, 169°35'E), depth 1760-1789 meters. Holotype (unique): NMNZ P39707. •Valid as Bathyraja pacifica Last, Stewart & Séret 2016 -- (Last et al. 2016:26 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:406 [ref. 35005]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja pacifica Last, Stewart & Séret 2016. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Norfolk Ridge, New Zealand. Habitat: marine.

pallida, Breviraja Forster [G. R.] 1967:281, Pls. 1-2; Figs. 1-2 [Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom v. 47 (no. 2); ref. 7959] About 90 miles southwest of Ushant, Bay of Biscay, depth about 2200-2500 meters. Holotype: BMNH 1967.2.13.1. Paratypes: BMNH 1967.2.13.2 (1). •Valid as Bathyraja pallida (Forster 1967) -- (Stehmann 1973:68 [ref. 7168], Stehmann & Bürkel in Whitehead et al. 1984:165 [ref. 13675], Stehmann 1986:263 [ref. 6151], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:488 [ref. 25589], Stehmann 2005:S35 [ref. 28647], Stehmann 2005:S53 [ref. 28648], Weigmann 2016:95 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:114 [ref. 34513], Last et al. 2016:26 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:407 [ref. 35005], Almeida & Biscoito 2019:163 [ref. 37302], Carneiro et al. 2019:49 [ref. 37250]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja pallida (Forster 1967). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Northeastern Atlantic: Rockall Trough to Bay of Biscay. Habitat: marine.

panthera, Bathyraja (Arctoraja) Orr [J. W.], Stevenson [D. E.], Hoff [G. R.], Spies [I. B.] & McEachran [J. D.] 2011:29, Figs. 2-6, 10-18 [NOAA Professional Papers NMFS No. 11; ref. 31854] Western Aleutian Islands, 53.1124°N, 170.9038°E, depth 99 meters. Holotype: UW 116980. Paratypes: UW 113476 (1, allotype), plus 43 specimens at HUMZ, UF, UW. •Valid as Arctoraja panthera (Orr, Stevenson, Hoff, Spies & McEachran 2011) -- (Dyldin 2015:60 [ref. 34524]). •Valid as Bathyraja panthera Orr, Stevenson, Hoff, Spies & McEachran 2011 -- (Weigmann 2016:95 [ref. 34211] see remarks, Last et al. 2016:26 [ref. 34941] with remarks, Last et al. 2016:408 [ref. 35005], Ebert et al. 2017:59 [ref. 35618], Love et al. 2021:25 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:45 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja panthera Orr, Stevenson, Hoff, Spies & McEachran 2011. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: North Pacific: Aleutian Islands (U.S.A.) and Petrel Bank (Alaska, U.S.A.). Habitat: marine.

papilionifera, Bathyraja Stehmann [M. F. W.] 1985:196, Figs. 1-7 [Archiv für Fischereiwissenschaft v. 36 (nos 1/2); ref. 9996] Off Argentina, 40°23.9'S, 56°07.2'W, Walther Herwig station 693/78, depth 1040-940 meters. Holotype: ZMH 24935 [ex ISH 297-1978a]. Paratypes: ZMH 24936 [ISH 297-1978b] (1), 24937 [ex ISH 300-1978] (1). Type catalog: Krefft 1987:72 [ref. 20751], Thiel et al. 2009:17 [ref. 30918]. •Valid as Bathyraja papilionifera Stehmann 1985 -- (Stehmann 1986:263 [ref. 6151], Stehmann and Schulze 1996:269 [ref. 22699], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:488 [ref. 25589], Menni & Stehmann 2000:86 [ref. 24909], Mabragaña et al. 2011:table S2 [ref. 31800], Weigmann 2016:95 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:26 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:409 [ref. 35005], Nión et al. 2016:23 [ref. 35565], Kim et al. 2021:64 [ref. 39117]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja papilionifera Stehmann 1985. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southwestern Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

parmifera, Raia Bean [T. H.] 1881:157 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 4 (no. 210); ref. 223] Iliuliuk, Unalaska Island, Aleutian Islands, Alaska, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): USNM 27651 (disintegrated). •Valid as Bathyraja parmifera (Bean 1881) -- (Eschmeyer & Herald 1983:50 [ref. 9277], Stehmann 1986:263 [ref. 6151], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Sokolovskaya et al. 1998:7 [ref. 24670], Dolganov 1999:429 [ref. 24873], Compagno 1999:488 [ref. 25589], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:15 [ref. 25650], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:98 [ref. 25968], Hoff 2002:145 [ref. 26938], Orlov 2003:45 [ref. 26942], Fedorov et al. 2003:00 [ref. 27579], Fedorov et al. 2003:19 [ref. 27579], Nelson et al. 2004:55 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:12 [ref. 37547], Spies et al. 2011:58 [ref. 31143], Mecklenburg et al. 2011:115 [ref. 31212], Orr et al. 2011:35 [ref. 31854], Page et al. 2013:55 [ref. 32708], Parin et al. 2014:33 [ref. 33547], Weigmann 2016:95 [ref. 34211] see remarks, Mecklenburg & Steinke 2015:163 [ref. 34033], Mecklenburg et al. 2016:23 [ref. 34440], Last et al. 2016:26 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:410 [ref. 35005], Kells et al. 2016:80 [ref. 35888], Ebert et al. 2017:59 [ref. 35618], Mecklenburg et al. 2018:43 [ref. 36370], Misawa et al. 2020:531 [ref. 37853], Love et al. 2021:25 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:45 [ref. 40505]). •Valid as Arctoraja parmifera (Bean 1881) -- (Naylor et al. 2012:102 [ref. 32267] see remarks, Dyldin 2015:60 [ref. 34524], Dyldin & Orlov 2018:167 [ref. 35920], Dyldin & Orlov 2021:57 [ref. 38158]). Current status: Valid as Arctoraja parmifera (Bean 1881). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: North Pacific and adjacent Arctic: Sea of Okhotsk north to Bering Sea and southeastern Chukchi Sea, east to eastern Gulf of Alaska (U.S.A.). Habitat: marine.

parvacauda, Psammobatis McEachran [J. D.] 1983:71, Figs. 12a-b, 14e, 19 [Archiv für Fischereiwissenschaft v. 34 (no. 1); ref. 5382] Southwestern Atlantic, north of Falkland Islands, 51°15'S, 57°16'W, Walther Herwig station 326/66, depth 120 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMH 25234 [ex ISH 1671-1966]. Type catalog: Krefft 1987:74 [ref. 20751], Thiel et al. 2009:22 [ref. 30918]. •Valid as Psammobatis parvacauda McEachran 1983 -- (McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:489 [ref. 25589], Menni & Stehmann 2000:87 [ref. 24909], Weigmann 2016:100 [ref. 34211] see remarks, Last et al. 2016:24 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:460 [ref. 35005]). •Synonym of Psammobatis normani McEachran 1983 -- (Mabragaña et al. 2020:7 [ref. 37531]). Current status: Synonym of Psammobatis normani McEachran 1983. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southwestern Atlantic: Argentina and Falkland Islands [if valid]. Habitat: marine.

peruana, Bathyraja McEachran [J. D.] & Miyake [T.] 1984:774, Figs. 1-4 [Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington v. 97 (no. 4); ref. 17441] Off Aguja Point, 5°47'S, 81°24'W, Albatross station 4653, Peru, depth 980 meters. Holotype: MCZ 1364-S. Paratypes: MCZ 61113 (1); TCWC 3515.1 (2), 3516.1 (1); USNM 267045 (3). Species is based in part on paratype of Raja aguja Kendall and Radcliffe 1912:78 (Fig. 2) [ref. 14961]. •Valid as Bathyraja peruana McEachran & Miyake 1984 -- (Stehmann 1986:263 [ref. 6151], Pequeño 1997:79 [ref. 23536], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:89 [ref. 24555], Lamilla & Pequeño 1999:286 [ref. 24267], Compagno 1999:488 [ref. 25589], Stehmann 2005:S35 [ref. 28647], Stehmann 2005:S53 [ref. 28648], Weigmann 2016:95 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:26 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:411 [ref. 35005], Calle-Morán et al. 2020:246 [ref. 37881], Ebert et al. 2022:29 [ref. 39636], Grove et al. 2022:15 [ref. 41326]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja peruana McEachran & Miyake 1984. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southeastern Pacific: Peru south to Chile, including Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). Habitat: marine.

philippii, Raja Delfin [F. T.] 1902:262, Pl. 10 [Revista Chilena de Historia Natural (Santiago) v. 6; ref. 17397] Chile. Syntypes: (2) whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Psammobatis scobina (Philippi 1857) -- (McEachran 1983:54 [ref. 5382], Pequeño & Lamilla 1985:247 [ref. 9593] as philippi, Lloris & Rucabado 1991:42 [ref. 22530]). Current status: Synonym of Psammobatis scobina (Philippi 1857). Arhynchobatidae. Habitat: marine.

picta, Raja agassizi var. Miranda Ribeiro [A. de] 1903:162 [19] [Boletim Sociedade Nacional Agricultura, Rio de Janeiro [Lavoura] 1903 (nos 4-7); ref. 3709] East-southeast of Ilha Rasa, off coast of Brazil. Lectotype: MNRJ 608A. Paralectotypes: MNRJ 608B (1). Type catalog: Miranda Ribeiro 1955:406 [ref. 12732], Miranda Ribeiro 1959:7 [ref. 22036]. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Raja picta Lacepède 1802, replaced by Raja agassizi ribeiroi Fowler 1910. On p. 19 of separate. Lectotype selected by Miranda Ribeiro 1959:7 [ref. 22036]. •In the synonymy of Atlantoraja castelnaui (Miranda Ribeiro 1907) -- (Soares et al. 2021:5 [ref. 38910]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Atlantoraja castelnaui (Miranda Ribeiro 1907). Arhynchobatidae. Habitat: marine.

platana, Raja Günther [A.] 1880:11, Pl. 3 [Report on the shore fishes procured during the voyage of H. M. S. Challenger in the years 1873-1876 v. 1 (pt 6); ref. 2011] Río de la Plata mouth, Challenger station 321, depth 13 fathoms. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1879.5.14.411. Type catalog: Soares et al. 2021:25 [ref. 38910]. •Valid as Atlantoraja platana (Günther 1880) -- (McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:489 [ref. 25589], Cousseau et al. 2000:18 [ref. 40447], López et al. 2002:62 [ref. 26808], Gomes & Gadig in Menezes et al. 2003:28 [ref. 27192], Mabragaña et al. 2011:table S2 [ref. 31800], Weigmann 2016:90 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:27 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:372 [ref. 35005], Nión et al. 2016:23 [ref. 35565], Spier et al. 2018:5 [ref. 36103], Soares et al. 2021:20 [ref. 38910], Carvalho-Filho 2023:315 [ref. 40480], Gadig et al. 2024:68 [ref. 40775]). Current status: Valid as Atlantoraja platana (Günther 1880). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southwestern Atlantic: Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) south to southern Mar del Plata (Argentina). IUCN (2020): Endangered. Habitat: marine.

pseudoisotrachys, Bathyraja Ishihara [H.] & Ishiyama [R.] 1985:165, Figs. 18 (A-B) [Japanese Journal of Ichthyology v. 32 (no. 2); ref. 5799] Off Muroran, Hokkaido, Japan. Holotype: ZUMT 14571. Paratypes: HUMZ 68015 (1). Type catalog: Aizawa et al. 2022:203 [ref. 39648]. •Valid as Bathyraja pseudoisotrachys Ishihara & Ishiyama 1985 -- (McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Dyldin 2015:65 [ref. 34524]). •Synonym of Bathyraja bergi Dolganov 1983 -- (Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:15 [ref. 25650], Weigmann 2016:90 [ref. 34211]). Current status: Synonym of Bathyraja bergi Dolganov 1983. Arhynchobatidae. Habitat: marine.

pseudonitida, Pavoraja Last [P. R.], Mallick [S.] & Yearsley [G. K.] 2008:30, Figs. 1e, 3e, 17-19, 20a-c [Zootaxa No. 1812; ref. 29704] Saumarez Plateau, Queensland, Australia 22°46'S, 154°08'E, depth 445-450 meters. Holotype: CSIRO H 438-01. Paratypes: 39 specimens at AMS and CSIRO. •Valid as Pavoraja pseudonitida Last, Mallick & Yearsley 2008 -- (Weigmann 2016:99 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:28 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:454 [ref. 35005]). Current status: Valid as Pavoraja pseudonitida Last, Mallick & Yearsley 2008. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Off Queensland, Australia. Habitat: marine.

rakusai, Raja Rembiszewski [J. M.] 1980:95, Fig. 1 [Polish Polar Research v. 1 (no. 1); ref. 21701] Off Elephant Island, South Shetland Islands, 61°11' to 61°20'S, 56°04' to 56°32'W, depth 180-500 meters. Holotype: MEPAN 001a. Paratypes: MEPAN 001b-001f (5). •Valid as Raja rakusai Rembiszewski 1980 -- (Rembiszewski & Zielinski 1980:99 [ref. 23212]). •Questionably a synonym of Bathyraja maccaini Springer 1971 -- (Stehmann & Bürkel 1990:91 [ref. 21679]). Current status: Uncertain as Bathyraja maccaini Springer 1971. Arhynchobatidae. Habitat: marine.

ribeiroi, Raja agassizi Fowler [H. W.] 1910:468 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 62; ref. 1379] East-southeast of Ilha Rasa, off coast of Brazil. Syntypes: MNRJ 608 (2). Replacement name for Raja agassizi picta Ribeiro 1904, preoccupied by Raja picta Lacepède l802. •Synonym of Atlantoraja castelnaui (Miranda Ribeiro 1907). Replacement Name. Current status: Synonym of Atlantoraja castelnaui (Miranda Ribeiro 1907). Arhynchobatidae. Habitat: marine.

richardsoni, Raja Garrick [J. A. F.] 1961:746, Fig. 1 [Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand v. 88 (pt 4); ref. 9347] South of Cape Palliser, Cook Strait, New Zealand, 47°07'S, 174°57'E, depth 1300 fathoms. Holotype (unique): NMNZ P.1898. Type catalog: Hardy 1990:6 [ref. 18942]. •Valid as Bathyraja richardsoni (Garrick 1961) -- (Stehmann 1973:68 [ref. 7168], Garrick & Paul 1974:353 [ref. 7421], McEachran & Miyake 1984:780 [ref. 17441], Stehmann & Bürkel in Whitehead et al. 1984:166 [ref. 13675], Stehmann 1986:263 [ref. 6151], Scott & Scott 1988:40 [ref. 25518], Paulin et al. 1989:28 [ref. 24556], McAllister 1990:35 [ref. 14674], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:488 [ref. 25589], McEachran in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:64 [ref. 26158], Last & Yearsley 2002:1640 [ref. 26568], Moore et al. 2003:171 [ref. 27076], Stehmann 2005:S35 [ref. 28647], Stehmann 2005:S53 [ref. 28648], Iglésias & Lévy-Hartmann 2012:47 [ref. 31781], Stewart & Last 2015:184 [ref. 34225], Weigmann 2016:95 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:115 [ref. 34513], McEachran & Séret 2016:1395 [ref. 34551], Last et al. 2016:26 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:412 [ref. 35005], Almeida & Biscoito 2019:161 [ref. 37302], Carneiro et al. 2019:49 [ref. 37250], Grove et al. 2022:15 [ref. 41326], Page et al. 2023:45 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja richardsoni (Garrick 1961). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: North Atlantic: Mid-Atlantic Ridge and Rockall Trough south to Bay of Biscay; southwestern Pacific: New Zealand; eastern Pacific: Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). Habitat: marine.

rosispinis, Raia Gill [T. N.] & Townsend [C. H.] 1897:231 [Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington v. 11; ref. 1749] Bering Sea. Holotype (unique): USNM 48762 (1, poor condition). •Valid as Rhinoraja rosispinis (Gill & Townsend 1897) -- (Compagno 1999:489 [ref. 25589]). •Synonym of Raja hyperborea Collett 1879 -- (Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:15 [ref. 25650]). •Synonym of Bathyraja parmifera (Bean 1881) -- (Stehmann 1986:263 [ref. 6151], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:98 [ref. 25968], Parin et al. 2014:33 [ref. 33547], Dyldin 2015:60 [ref. 34524] as Arctoraja, Weigmann 2016:95 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:26 [ref. 34941]). •Synonym of Arctoraja parmifera (Bean 1881). Current status: Synonym of Arctoraja parmifera (Bean 1881). Arhynchobatidae. Habitat: marine.

rotundata, Raia Larrañaga [D. A.] 1923:379, 390 [Escritos de Don Dámaso Antonio Larrañaga v. 2; ref. 22561] Uruguay. •Treated as a synonym of Raia microps Günther [= Raja microps Günther 1880] -- (Devincenzi 1925:319, 322 [ref. 20322]). •Synonym of Sympterygia bonapartii Müller & Henle 1841. Current status: Synonym of Sympterygia bonapartii Müller & Henle 1841. Arhynchobatidae. Habitat: marine.

rudis, Psammobatis Günther [A.] 1870:470 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 8; ref. 1995] Sandy Point, Magellan Strait, Argentina. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1868.1.15.3. •Valid as Psammobatis rudis Günther 1870 -- (McEachran 1983:51 [ref. 5382], Pequeño & Lamilla 1985:229 [ref. 9593], Pequeño 1989:17 [ref. 14125], Lloris & Rucabado 1991:40 [ref. 22530], López et al. 1996:11 [ref. 23681], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:489 [ref. 25589], Cousseau et al. 2000:27 [ref. 40447] Menni & Stehmann 2000:87 [ref. 24909], Mabragaña et al. 2011:8 and table S2 [ref. 31800], Weigmann 2016:100 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:24 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:461 [ref. 35005], Nión et al. 2016:23 [ref. 35565], Florencia et al. 2023:[7] 363 [ref. 41301]). Current status: Valid as Psammobatis rudis Günther 1870. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southeastern Pacific, southwestern Atlantic: southern Chile, Patagonia (Argentina), Burdwood Bank. Habitat: marine.

rutrum, Psammobatis Jordan [D. S.] 1891:334 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 13 (no. 829); ref. 2391] Near Cape San Matios, 42°24'S, 61°38'30"W, eastern Patagonia, Argentina, Albatross station 2678, depth 43 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 43431. •Valid as Psammobatis rutrum Jordan 1891 -- (McEachran 1983:58 [ref. 5382], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:489 [ref. 25589], Cousseau et al. 2000:30 [ref. 40447], Menni & Stehmann 2000:87 [ref. 24909], Weigmann 2016:100 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:24 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:461 [ref. 35005], Nión et al. 2016:23 [ref. 35565], Carvalho-Filho 2023:316 [ref. 40480]). Current status: Valid as Psammobatis rutrum Jordan 1891. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southwestern Atlantic: Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) south to northern Argentina. Habitat: marine.

sapphira, Notoraja Séret [B.] & Last [P. R.] 2009:25, Figs. 1--7 [Zootaxa No. 2153; ref. 30312] Norfolk Ridge, 34°17'84"S, 168°25'82"E, depth 1251-1268 meters. Holotype: NMNZ P 39528. Paratypes: CSIRO H 6071-01 (1); MNHN 1997-3591 (1); NMNZ P 39536 (1); MV A 25171-002 (1). •Valid as Notoraja sapphira Séret & Last 2009 -- (Fricke et al. 2011:347 [ref. 31242] in part, Séret & Last 2012:339 [ref. 32072], Stewart & Last 2015:195 [ref. 34225], Weigmann 2016:99 [ref. 34211], Concha et al. 2016:185 [ref. 34401] as saphira, Last et al. 2016:28 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:447 [ref. 35005], White et al. 2017:229 [ref. 35200]). Current status: Valid as Notoraja sapphira Séret & Last 2009. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific: Norfolk Ridge and south to New Caledonia. Habitat: marine.

scaphiops, Raja Norman [J. R.] 1937:20, Fig. 7 [Discovery Reports v. 16; ref. 3227] 45°45'S, 59°35'W, north of Falklands region, Discovery station WS218. Holotype: BMNH 1936.8.26.96. Paratypes: BMNH 1936.8.26.97-98 (2). •Valid as Bathyraja scaphiops (Norman 1937) -- (Stehmann 1986:263 [ref. 6151], Lloris & Rucabado 1991:38 [ref. 22530], López et al. 1996:11 [ref. 23681], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:488 [ref. 25589], Cousseau et al. 2000:20 [ref. 40447], Menni & Stehmann 2000:86 [ref. 24909], Mabragaña et al. 2011:table S2 [ref. 31800], Weigmann 2016:95 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:26 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:413 [ref. 35005], Nión et al. 2016:23 [ref. 35565], Kim et al. 2021:66 [ref. 39117], Florencia et al. 2023:[7] 363 [ref. 41301]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja scaphiops (Norman 1937). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southwestern Atlantic: Patagonia (Argentina), Falkland Islands, Burdwood Bank. Habitat: marine.

schroederi, Breviraja Krefft [G.] 1968:29, Figs. 15-18 [Archiv für Fischereiwissenschaft v. 19 (no. 1); ref. 7902] Off mouth of Río de la Plata, Argentina, 35°43'S, 52°43'W, depth 1000 meters. Holotype: ZMH 25399 [ex ISH 1531-1966a]. Paratypes: ZMH 24938 [ex ISH 1524-1966a-b] (2), 24939 [ex 1531-1966b] (1), 24940 [ex 1548-1966] (1). Type catalog: Krefft 1978:5 [ref. 9884], Thiel et al. 2009:19 [ref. 30918]. •Valid as Bathyraja schroederi (Krefft 1968) -- (Stehmann 1986:263 [ref. 6151], Pequeño 1997:79 [ref. 23536], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:488 [ref. 25589], Menni & Stehmann 2000:87 [ref. 24909], Gomes & Gadig in Menezes et al. 2003:28 [ref. 27192], Stehmann 2005:S35 [ref. 28647], Stehmann 2005:S53 [ref. 28648], Weigmann 2016:96 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:26 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:414 [ref. 35005], Nión et al. 2016:23 [ref. 35565], Ebert et al. 2022:32 [ref. 39636]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja schroederi (Krefft 1968). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southeastern Pacific and southwestern Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

scobina, Raja Philippi [R. A.] 1857:270 [Archiv für Naturgeschichte v. 23 (pt. 1); ref. 3462] Valparaíso coast, Chile [southeastern Pacific]. Neotype: MNHNCL ICT 7624. Also appeared in Philippi 1892:2, Pl. 1 (fig. 1) [ref. 22759] and Philippi 1893:2, Pl. 1 (fig. 1) [ref. 14560]. Neotype designated by Fuentes-Fuentes et al. 2022:7 [ref. 40306]. •Valid as Psammobatis scobina (Philippi 1857) -- (McEachran 1983:54 [ref. 5382], Pequeño & Lamilla 1985:247 [ref. 9593], Pequeño 1989:17 [ref. 14125], Lloris & Rucabado 1991:42 [ref. 22530], López et al. 1996:11 [ref. 23681], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:489 [ref. 25589], Weigmann 2016:101 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:24 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:463 [ref. 35005], Nión et al. 2016:23 [ref. 35565], Fuentes-Fuentes et al. 2022:7 [ref. 40306]). Current status: Valid as Psammobatis scobina (Philippi 1857). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southeastern Pacific: Chile; southwestern Atlantic: Uruguay. Habitat: marine.

sereti, Notoraja White [W. T.], Last [P. R.] & Mana [R. R.] 2017:220, Figs. 1-8 [Zootaxa 4244 (no. 2); ref. 35200] Southeast of Sek Island, Madang, Papua New Guinea, 5°07'S, 145°53'E, depth 980 meters. Holotype: NTUM 10067. Paratypes: NTUM. •Valid as Notoraja sereti White, Last & Mana 2017 -- (White et al. 2017:216 [ref. 35860], White & Ko'ou 2018:50 [ref. 35922]). Current status: Valid as Notoraja sereti White, Last & Mana 2017. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Papua New Guinea. Habitat: marine.

sexoculata, Bathyraja (Arctoraja) Misawa [R.], Orlov [A. M.], Orlova [S. Y.], Gordeev [I. I.] & Ishihara [H.] in Misawa, Orlov, Orlova, Gordeev, Ishihara, Hamatsu, Ueda et al. 2020:520, Figs. 2-7 [Zootaxa 4861 (no. 4); ref. 37853] Off the Pacific coast of Simushir Island, Kuril Islands, Russia, 46°44.8'N, 151°52.5'E, depth 150 meters. Holotype: ZMMU-P 24098. Paratypes: (4) ZMMU. •Valid as Arctoraja sexoculata (Misawa, Orlov, Orlova, Gordeev & Ishihara 2020). Current status: Valid as Arctoraja sexoculata (Misawa, Orlov, Orlova, Gordeev & Ishihara 2020). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific: Kuril Islands. IUCN (2020): Not assessed. Habitat: marine.

shuntovi, Bathyraja Dolganov [V. N.] 1985:66, Fig. [Biologiya Morya (Vladivostok) 1985 (no. 5); ref. 16236] Sea of Lord Howe Ridge, Tasmanian Sea, 37°41'S, 168°49'05"W, depth 850 meters. Holotype: ZIN 46196. Paratypes: TINRO -- now possibly probably private coll of Dolganov 751 (1). •Valid as Bathyraja shuntovi Dolganov 1985 -- (Paulin et al. 1989:28 [ref. 24556], Ishihara in Amaoka et al. 1990:81 [ref. 16024], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:488 [ref. 25589], Last & Yearsley 2002:1640 [ref. 26568], Iglésias & Lévy-Hartmann 2012:47 [ref. 31781], Stewart & Last 2015:185 [ref. 34225], Weigmann 2016:96 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:115 [ref. 34513], Last et al. 2016:26 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:415 [ref. 35005]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja shuntovi Dolganov 1985. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: New Zealand region. Habitat: marine.

simoterus, Breviraja (Arctoraja) Ishiyama [R.] 1967:62, Fig. [Biogeographical Society of Japan (Tokyo); ref. 7967] Muroran, Hokkaido, Japan. Holotype: FAKU 40136. •Synonym of Bathyraja parmifera (Bean 1881) -- (Mecklenburg et al. 2002:98 [ref. 25968] on pers. comm.). •Valid as Bathyraja simoterus (Ishiyama 1967) -- (Nakaya in Masuda et al. 1984:14 [ref. 6441], Stehmann 1986:263 [ref. 6151], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:488 [ref. 25589], Nakabo 2000:170 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:170 [ref. 26001], Spies et al. 2011:58 [ref. 31143], Orr et al. 2011:45 [ref. 31854], Weigmann 2016:96 [ref. 34211] see remarks, Last et al. 2016:27 [ref. 34941] with remarks, Last et al. 2016:416 [ref. 35005], Misawa et al. 2020:531 [ref. 37853]). •Valid as Arctoraja simoterus (Ishiyama 1967) -- (Dyldin 2015:60 [ref. 34524], Dyldin & Orlov 2018:168 [ref. 35920], Dyldin & Orlov 2021:57 [ref. 38158]). Current status: Valid as Arctoraja simoterus (Ishiyama 1967). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific: Japan, northern Kuril Islands and Sakhalin (Russia). Habitat: marine.

smirnovi, Raja Soldatov [V. K.] & Pavlenko [M. N.] 1915:162, Pl. 5 [Ezhegodnik, Zoologicheskago Muzeya Imperatorskoi Akademii Nauk v. 20 (for 1915); ref. 15069] Peter the Great Bay, Sea of Japan. Holotype: not found at ZIN. Paratypes: ZIN 19051 (1). •Valid as Raja smirnovi Soldatov & Pavlenko 1915 -- (Wang et al. 2001:42 [ref. 26566]). •Questionably a synonym of Bathyraja parmifera (Bean 1881) -- (Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:15 [ref. 25650]). •Synonym of Bathyraja parmifera (Bean 1881) -- (Mecklenburg et al. 2002:98 [ref. 25968]). •Valid as Bathyraja smirnovi (Soldatov & Pavlenko 1915) -- (Nakaya in Amaoka et al. 1983:227, 313 [ref. 8379], Nakaya in Masuda et al. 1984:14 [ref. 6441], Stehmann 1986:263 [ref. 6151], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:488 [ref. 25589], Nakabo 2000:170 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:170 [ref. 26001], Spies et al. 2011:58 [ref. 31143], Shinohara et al. 2011:38 [ref. 31715], Orr et al. 2011:41 [ref. 31854], Shinohara et al. 2014:235 [ref. 33330], Parin et al. 2014:33 [ref. 33547], Tohkairin et al. 2015:4 [ref. 35331], Weigmann 2016:96 [ref. 34211] see remarks, Last et al. 2016:27 [ref. 34941] with remarks, Last et al. 2016:417 [ref. 35005], Kim et al. 2020:45 [ref. 39118], Sonoyama et al. 2020:13 [ref. 37637], Misawa et al. 2020:533 [ref. 37853]). •Valid as Arctoraja smirnovi (Soldatov & Pavlenko 1915) -- (Dyldin 2015:61 [ref. 34524], Dyldin & Orlov 2018:167 [ref. 35920], Dyldin & Orlov 2021:57 [ref. 38158], Dyldin et al. 2022:[8] [ref. 39193]). Current status: Valid as Arctoraja smirnovi (Soldatov & Pavlenko 1915). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific: Sea of Japan and Sea of Okhotsk. Habitat: marine.

smithii, Raja Müller [J.] & Henle [F. G. J.] 1841:150, [Pl. 49 (left)] [Systematische Beschreibung der Plagiostomen; ref. 3069] South Africa. Syntypes: (2) BMNH 1953.8.10.1 (skin), MNHN 0000-1594 (1) Bosphorus [probably in error]. Type catalog: Bertin 1939:84 [ref. 20739], Capapé & Desoutter 1982:48 [ref. 36629] with MNHN specimen as paratype, Séret & McEachran 1987:17 [ref. 9312] with MNHN specimen as paratype. Copy at California Academy of Scinces with Raja smithi glued over original name on Pl. 49. •Valid as Raja smithii Müller & Henle 1841 -- (Capapé & Desoutter 1982:48 [ref. 36629]). •Valid as Bathyraja smithii (Müller & Henle 1841) -- (Hulley 1986:116 [ref. 5672], Stehmann 1986:263 [ref. 6151], Compagno et al. 1991:91 [ref. 21083], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:91 [ref. 25472], Stehmann 1995:23 [ref. 22055], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:488 [ref. 25589], Compagno & Ebert 2007:133 [ref. 30471], Weigmann 2016:97 [ref. 34211], McEachran & Séret 2016:1395 [ref. 34551], Last et al. 2016:27 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:418 [ref. 35005], Almeida & Biscoito 2019:163 [ref. 37302], Ebert et al. 2021:77 [ref. 38234], Aschliman & Ebert 2022:591 [ref. 39668], Leeney 2024:69 [ref. 40985]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja smithii (Müller & Henle 1841). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southeastern Atlantic, southwestern Indian Ocean: Namibia south to Cape of Good Hope (South Africa), then east to Eastern Cape (South Africa). Habitat: marine.

spinicauda, Raja Jensen [A. S.] 1914:30, Pl. (figs. 1-5) [The selachians of Greenland 1914; ref. 18334] Davis Strait and fjords of southwestern Greenland. Syntypes: ZMUC P 08552 (1), P 08554 (1), P 08555 [ex 354] (jaws). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:9 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Raja spinicauda Jensen 1914 -- (Robins & Ray 1986:40 [ref. 23100], Scott & Scott 1988:55 [ref. 25518]). •Valid as Bathyraja spinicauda (Jensen 1914) -- (Stehmann 1973:69 [ref. 7168], Stehmann & Bürkel in Whitehead et al. 1984:167 [ref. 13675], Stehmann 1986:263 [ref. 6151], McAllister 1990:35 [ref. 14674], Nakaya in Okamura et al. 1995:53 [ref. 22531], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:488 [ref. 25589], Moore et al. 2003:171 [ref. 27076], Nelson et al. 2004:55 [ref. 27807], George 2009:56 [ref. 30539], Møller et al. 2010:17 [ref. 31169], Mecklenburg et al. 2011:115 [ref. 31212], Page et al. 2013: 55 [ref. 32708], Parin et al. 2014:33 [ref. 33547], Dyldin 2015:66 [ref. 34524], Afonso et al. 2016:12, 108 [ref. 36199], Last et al. 2016:27 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:419 [ref. 35005], Weigmann 2016:97 [ref. 34211], Mecklenburg et al. 2018:45 [ref. 36370], Almeida & Biscoito 2019:162 [ref. 37302], Simian et al. 2022:374 [ref. 40776], Page et al. 2023:45 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja spinicauda (Jensen 1914). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Arctic Ocean; northwestern Atlantic: Canada; North Atlantic: Greenland and Iceland; Barents Sea; northeastern Atlantic: Norway. Habitat: marine.

spinifera, Bathyraja Garrick [J. A. F.] & Paul [L. J.] 1974:366, Figs. 9-10 [Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand v. 4 (no. 3); ref. 7421] Chatham Rise, 43°01'S, 179°10'E, off New Zealand, depth 300-306 fathoms. Holotype: NMNZ P.5545. Paratypes: NMNZ P.3637 (1), P.5466 (1), P.5680 (1). Type catalog: Hardy 1990:6 [ref. 18942]. •Valid as Pavoraja spinifera (Garrick & Paul 1974) -- (McEachran 1984:55 [ref. 5225]). •Valid as Notoraja spinifera (Garrick & Paul 1974) -- (McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:489 [ref. 25589], Last & Yearsley 2002:1641 [ref. 26568], Last & McEachran 2006:66 [ref. 28589]). •See also Ishihara in Amaoka et al. 1990:83 [ref. 16024]. •Valid as Brochiraja spinifera (Garrick & Paul 1974) -- (Last & McEachran 2006:89 [ref. 28589], Last & Séret 2012:47 [ref. 31736], Stewart & Last 2015:192 [ref. 34225], Weigmann 2016:98 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:28 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:433 [ref. 35005]). Current status: Valid as Brochiraja spinifera (Garrick & Paul 1974). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Lord Howe Rise and New Zealand EEZ. Habitat: marine.

spinosissimus, Psammobatus Beebe [W.] & Tee-Van [J.] 1941:259, Pl. 2 (fig. 4) [Zoologica, Scientific Contributions of the New York Zoological Society v. 26 (pt 3, no. 26); ref. 16103] 60 miles south of Cocos Island, eastern Pacific, 4°50'N, 87°00'W, depth 765 fathoms. Holotype (unique): CAS-SU 46500 [ex NYZS 6132] (embryo). Type catalog: Mead 1958:134 [ref. 20648] who indicates published locality agrees with sta. 74 and not 72. Original genus should have been Psammobatis. •Valid as Bathyraja spinosissima (Beebe & Tee-Van 1941) -- (Stehmann 1986:263 [ref. 6151], McEachran in Fischer et al. 1995:776 [ref. 22829], Castro-Aguirre & Espinosa Pérez 1996:28 [ref. 22793], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Dolganov 1999:429 [ref. 24873], Compagno 1999:488 [ref. 25589], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:15 [ref. 25650], Hoff 2002:145 [ref. 26938], Fedorov et al. 2003:19 [ref. 27579], Love et al. 2005:12 [ref. 37547], Stehmann 2005:S35 [ref. 28647], Stehmann 2005:S53 [ref. 28648], McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:188 [ref. 30957], Parin et al. 2014:34 [ref. 33547], Dyldin 2015:66 [ref. 34524], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:110 [ref. 34398], Weigmann 2016:97 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:27 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:420 [ref. 35005], Ebert et al. 2017:59 [ref. 35618], Ehemann et al. 2018:24 [ref. 36194], Salinas-de-León et al. 2018:1 [ref. 35824], Burton & Lea 2019:99 [ref. 37205], Orr et al. 2019:39 [ref. 37029], Calle-Morán et al. 2020:246 [ref. 37881], Bessudo et al. 2021:[3] 1771 [ref. 39107], González-Acosta et al. 2021:7 [ref. 38361], Love et al. 2021:25 [ref. 39279], Knuckey & Ebert 2022:40 [ref. 39306], Ebert et al. 2022:32 [ref. 39636], Grove et al. 2022:15 [ref. 41326], Page et al. 2023:45 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:93 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja spinosissima (Beebe & Tee-Van 1941). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: North Pacific and eastern Pacific: Sea of Okhotsk north to Bering Sea; Oregon (U.S.A.) south to Ecuador, including southern Gulf of California (Mexico), Malpelo Island (Colombia) and Galapagos Ridge (Ecuador). Habitat: marine.

steindachneri, Raja Delfin [F. T.] 1901:23 [Catálogo de los peces de Chile; ref. 21126] Cavancha Bay, Iquique, Chile. Syntypes: ZMB 15611 (2). Replacement name for Raja chilensis Steindachner 1898, preoccupied by Raia chilensis Guichenot 1848; also Fowler 1910 provided the identical replacement name. •Synonym of Sympterygia lima (Poeppig 1835) -- (McEachran 1982:888 [ref. 5381]). Replacement Name. Current status: Synonym of Sympterygia lima (Poeppig 1835). Arhynchobatidae. Habitat: marine.

steindachneri, Raja Fowler [H. W.] 1910:468 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 62; ref. 1379] Cavancha Bay, Iquique, Chile. Syntypes: ZMB 15611 (2). Replacement name for Raja chilensis Steindachner 1898, preoccupied by Raia chilensis Guichenot 1848. Raja steindachneri Fowler 1910 is objectively invalid; preoccupied by Raja steindachneri Delfin 1901, a replacement name for the same species. •Synonym of Sympterygia lima (Poeppig 1835) -- (based on placement of anacanthostyla by McEachran 1982:888 [ref. 5381]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Sympterygia lima (Poeppig 1835). Arhynchobatidae. Habitat: marine.

sticta, Notoraja McEachran [J. D.] & Last [P. R.] 2008:165, Figs. 12-17 [CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research Paper No. 021; ref. 29654] Great Australian Bight, South Australia, 33°49'S, 130°59'E, depth 902-938 meters. Holotype: CSIRO H 2954-01. Paratypes: AMS I.44550-001 (1); CSIRO H 2227-01 (1), H 2955-01 (1), H 2957-01 (1); SAMA F 6810 (1), F 6833 (1). •Valid as Notoraja sticta McEachran & Last 2008 -- (Séret & Last 2009:24 [ref. 30312], Weigmann 2016:99 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:28 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:448 [ref. 35005], White et al. 2017:229 [ref. 35200], Weigmann et al. 2021:17 [ref. 38188]). Current status: Valid as Notoraja sticta McEachran & Last 2008. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southern Australia: Great Australian Bight, South Australia. Habitat: marine.

subtilispinosa, Notoraja Stehmann [M. F. W.] 1989:249, Figs. 1-4, 6-7 [Mémoires du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle Serie A Zoologie v. 143; ref. 13266] Off Manila, Philippines, Coriolis station 56, 13°57.7'N, 119°56.3'E, southern China Sea, depth 970 meters. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1985-0134. Type catalog: Séret & McEachran 1987:13 [ref. 9312]. Name appeared first in Séret & McEachran 1987:13 [ref. 9312] without distinguishing features. •Valid as Notoraja subtilispinosa Stehmann 1989 -- (Ishihara & Stehmann 1990 [ref. 15733], McEachran & Last 1994:417 [ref. 22016], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Last & Compagno 1999:1460 [ref. 24639], Compagno 1999:489 [ref. 25589], Compagno in Randall & Lim 2000:582 [ref. 25122], Last & McEachran 2006:65 [ref. 28931], Hoese et al. 2006:184 [ref. 29001]). •Valid as Insentiraja subtilispinosa (Stehmann 1989) -- (Compagno et al. 2005:67 [ref. 29145], Séret & Last 2009:24 [ref. 30312], Fricke et al. 2014:15 [ref. 33932] now Notoraja sereti, Weigmann 2016:98 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:28 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:436 [ref. 35005]). Current status: Valid as Insentiraja subtilispinosa (Stehmann 1989). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Western Pacific and Australia. Habitat: marine.

taranetzi, Rhinoraja Dolganov [V. N.] 1983:77, Fig. 107 [Rukovodstvo po opredeleniyu khryashchevykh ryb dal'nevostochnykh morei SSSR i sopredel'nykh vod.; ref. 27960] Northwestern Pacific, off northern Kuril Islands, 49°44'N, 155°29"E, depth 405-420 meters. Holotype: ZIN 46193. Paratypes: ZIN 46194 (2). Also appeared in Dolganov 1985:421, Fig. 6 [ref. 8163]. Types are from ref. 8163. •Valid as Rhinoraja taranetzi Dolganov 1983 -- (Raschi & McEachran 1991:1902 [ref. 16689], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Dolganov 1999:429 [ref. 24873], Compagno 1999:489 [ref. 25589], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:15 [ref. 25650], Stevenson et al. 2004:311 [ref. 27688], Dyldin 2015:67 [ref. 34524], Weigmann 2016:101 [ref. 34211] see remarks). •Valid as Bathyraja taranetzi (Dolganov 1983) -- (Mecklenburg et al. 2002:106 [ref. 25968], Nelson et al. 2004:55 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:12 [ref. 37547], Naylor et al. 2012:101 [ref. 32267] see remarks, Page et al. 2013:55 [ref. 32708], Parin et al. 2014:34 [ref. 33547], Last et al. 2016:27 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:421 [ref. 35005], Kells et al. 2016:82 [ref. 35888], Ebert et al. 2017:59 [ref. 35618], Love et al. 2021:25 [ref. 39279], Orlov & Volvenko 2022:3 [ref. 39982], Page et al. 2023:45 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja taranetzi (Dolganov 1983). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: North Pacific: Kamchatka (Russia) north to Bering Sea, east to Aleutian Islands (U.S.A.); ?western Gulf of Alaska (U.S.A.). Habitat: marine.

tobitukai, Raja Hiyama [Y.] 1940:169, Fig. 1 [Japanese Journal of Zoology, Transactions and Abstracts v. 9 (no. 1) (art. 8); ref. 13587] Kumano-Nada, Japan, depth 60 to 500 meters. Holotype (unique): FUMT P1558. •Valid as Bathyraja tobitukai (Hiyama 1940) --,(Nakaya in Masuda et al. 1984:13 [ref. 6441], Nakaya in Okamura & Kitajima 1984:67, 308 [ref. 8057]). •Valid as Notoraja tobitukai (Hiyama 1940) -- (Ishihara & Stehmann 1990:185 [ref. 15733], McEachran & Last 1994:417 [ref. 22016], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:489 [ref. 25589], Nakabo 2000:168 [ref. 25086], Shinohara et al. 2001:290 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:168 [ref. 26001], Shinohara et al. 2005:398 [ref. 28370], Last & McEachran 2006:65 [ref. 28931], Séret & Last 2009:24 [ref. 30312], Shao et al. 2008:237 [ref. 29952], Ebert et al. 2013:351 [ref. 33045], Weigmann 2016:99 [ref. 34211], Concha et al. 2016:185 [ref. 34401], Last et al. 2016:28 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:449 [ref. 35005], White et al. 2017:229 [ref. 35200]). Current status: Valid as Notoraja tobitukai (Hiyama 1940). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Western North Pacific: Japan and Taiwan. Habitat: marine.

trachouros, Breviraja (Bathyraja) Ishiyama [R.] 1958:329 [137], Fig. 62 [Journal of the Shimonoseki College of Fisheries v. 7 (nos 2-3); ref. 2308] Off Erimo Peninsula, Hokkaido, Japan. Holotype: FAKU 49464 [R. Ishiyama no. 16736]. Paratypes: (30 specimens, 5 egg capsules) CAS 23105 or 23106 (1), 23107 (1); FAKU 49465 (1); MCZ 40270 (1). •Valid as Bathyraja trachouros (Ishiyama 1958) -- (Nakaya in Masuda et al. 1984:14 [ref. 6441], Stehmann 1986:263 [ref. 6151], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:489 [ref. 25589], Nakabo 2000:167 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:167 [ref. 26001], Ebert et al. 2013:351 [ref. 33045], Dyldin 2015:66 [ref. 34524], Tohkairin et al. 2015:4 [ref. 35331], Weigmann 2016:97 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:27 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:422 [ref. 35005], Dyldin & Orlov 2018:171 [ref. 35920], Dyldin & Orlov 2021:59 [ref. 38158], Misawa 2023:42 [ref. 39918]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja trachouros (Ishiyama 1958). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific: Taiwan north to Sea of Okhotsk. Habitat: marine.

trachura, Raia Gilbert [C. H.] 1892:539 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 14 (no. 880); ref. 1626] Off Santa Barbara, California, U.S.A., 32°40'30"N, 117°31'30"W, Albatross station 2923, depth 822 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 46930. •Valid as Bathyraja trachura (Gilbert 1892) -- (Eschmeyer & Herald 1983:51 [ref. 9277], Stehmann 1986:263 [ref. 6151], McAllister 1990:35 [ref. 14674], Castro-Aguirre & Espinosa Pérez 1996:27 [ref. 22793], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Dolganov 1999:429 [ref. 24873], Compagno 1999:489 [ref. 25589], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:15 [ref. 25650], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:105 [ref. 25968], Hoff 2002:145 [ref. 26938], Fedorov et al. 2003:20 [ref. 27579], Stevenson et al. 2004:311 [ref. 27688], Love et al. 2005:12 [ref. 37547], Stehmann 2005:S35 [ref. 28647], Stehmann 2005:S53 [ref. 28648], Ruiz-Campos et al. 2010:366 [ref. 37373], Parin et al. 2014:34 [ref. 33547], Dyldin 2015:66 [ref. 34524], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:110 [ref. 34398], Weigmann 2016:97 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:27 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:423 [ref. 35005], Ebert et al. 2017:59 [ref. 35618], Dyldin & Orlov 2018:171 [ref. 35920], Ehemann et al. 2018:24 [ref. 36194], Burton & Lea 2019:33 [ref. 37205], Love et al. 2021:26 [ref. 39279], Knuckey & Ebert 2022:46 [ref. 39306] confused with abyssicola in synonymy, Page et al. 2023:46 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:93 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja trachura (Gilbert 1892). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: North Pacific: Sea of Okhotsk and northern Kuril Islands north to western Bering Sea, Commander/Aleutian chain, and eastern Bering Sea and Gulf of Alaska (U.S.A.), then south to north of Isla Guadalupe (Mexico); isolated population in central Gulf of California (Mexico). Habitat: marine.

tunae, Bathyraja Stehmann [M. F. W.] 2005:S24, Figs. 1-9 [Journal of Ichthyology v. 45 (suppl. 1); ref. 28647] Mozambique Channel, 25°07' to 25°12'07"S, 36°49'04" to 36°48'02"E, Vityaz sta. 2639, depth 2240-2140 meters. Holotype: ZMH 9545. Paratypes: ZMH 9546 (1). Type catalog: Thiel et al. 2009:17 [ref. 30918]. Original description not yet seen. •Valid as Bathyraja tunae Stehmann 2005 -- (Stehmann 2005:S53 [ref. 28648], Weigmann 2016:97 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:27 [ref. 34941] with remarks, Last et al. 2016:424 [ref. 35005]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja tunae Stehmann 2005. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southwestern Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine.

tzinovskii, Bathyraja Dolganov [V. N.] 1983:76 (in key), Fig. 105 [Rukovodstvo po opredeleniyu khryashchevykh ryb dal'nevostochnykh morei SSSR i sopredel'nykh vod.; ref. 27960] Western Pacific, off Honshu, Japan, 40°12'N, 143°35'E, depth 2500 meters. Holotype (unique): ZIN 46192. Awaiting original. Also appeared as new in Dolganov 1985:420, Fig. 5 [ref. 8163]. Type is from ref. 8163. •Valid as Bathyraja tzinovskii Dolganov 1983 -- (McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Dolganov 1999:429 [ref. 24873], Compagno 1999:489 [ref. 25589], Nakabo 2000:167 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:167 [ref. 26001], Fedorov et al. 2003:21 [ref. 27579], Stevenson et al. 2004:312 [ref. 27688], Parin et al. 2014:34 [ref. 33547], Dyldin 2015:66 [ref. 34524], Weigmann 2016:97 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:27 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:425 [ref. 35005], Dyldin & Orlov 2018:172 [ref. 35920], Dyldin & Orlov 2021:59 [ref. 38158]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja tzinovskii Dolganov 1983. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

umbrosa, Pavoraja Last [P. R.], Mallick [S.] & Yearsley [G. K.] 2008:37, Figs. 1f, 2f, 20d-f, 21-23 [Zootaxa No. 1812; ref. 29704] Stradbroke Island, Queensland, Australia, 27°40'S, 153°56'E, depth 530 meters. Holotype: CSIRO T 1367. Paratypes: 28 specimens at AMS and CSIRO. •Valid as Pavoraja umbrosa Last, Mallick & Yearsley 2008 -- (Weigmann 2016:99 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:28 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:455 [ref. 35005]). Current status: Valid as Pavoraja umbrosa Last, Mallick & Yearsley 2008. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Eastern Australia: Queensland and New South Wales. Habitat: marine.

violacea, Raja Suvorov [E. K.] 1935:433, Fig. 1 [Bulletin de l'Academie des Sciences, Classe Sci. Math. Nat. 1935; ref. 15740] Western coast of Kamchatka, Russia, Okhotsk Sea, depth 47-100 meters. Syntypes: (several) ZIN 25073 (2). •Valid as Bathyraja violacea (Suvorov 1935) -- (Nakaya in Amaoka et al. 1983:221, 310 [ref. 8379], Nakaya in Masuda et al. 1984:14 [ref. 6441], Stehmann 1986:263 [ref. 6151], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Dolganov 1999:429 [ref. 24873], Compagno 1999:489 [ref. 25589], Nakabo 2000:167 [ref. 25086], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:15 [ref. 25650], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:107 [ref. 25968], Nakabo 2002:167 [ref. 26001], Fedorov et al. 2003:21 [ref. 27579], Stevenson et al. 2004:311 [ref. 27688], Nelson et al. 2004:55 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:12 [ref. 37547], Spies et al. 2011:80 [ref. 31143], Page et al. 2013:55 [ref. 32708], Parin et al. 2014:35 [ref. 33547], Dyldin 2015:67 [ref. 34524], Tohkairin et al. 2015:4 [ref. 35331], Weigmann 2016:97 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:27 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:426 [ref. 35005], Kells et al. 2016:347 [ref. 35888], Ebert et al. 2017:59 [ref. 35618], Dyldin & Orlov 2018:172 [ref. 35920], Dyldin & Orlov 2021:59 [ref. 38158], Love et al. 2021:26 [ref. 39279], Orlov & Volvenko 2022:3 [ref. 39982], Page et al. 2023:46 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja violacea (Suvorov 1935). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: North Pacific: Sea of Japan and Sea of Okhotsk north to Bering Sea, then south to Vancouver Island (Canada). Habitat: marine.

vittacauda, Brochiraja Last [P. R.] & Séret [B.] 2012:56, Figs. 8-14 [Zootaxa No. 3155; ref. 31736] West Norfolk Ridge, 34°18.9'S, 168°24.3'E, depth 809-857 meters. Holotype: NMNZ P.39563. Paratypes: NMNZ P.42691 (1). •Valid as Brochiraja vittacauda Last & Séret 2012 -- (Stewart & Last 2015:193 [ref. 34225], Weigmann 2016:98 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:28 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:434 [ref. 35005]). Current status: Valid as Brochiraja vittacauda Last & Séret 2012. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: New Zealand region: West Norfolk Ridge (northern Tasman Sea). Habitat: marine.

waitii, Raja McCulloch [A. R.] 1911:12, Fig. 4; Pl. 3 [Biological Results Endeavour [v. 1] (pt 1); ref. 2936] Northwest of Greenley Island, South Australia, depth 44 fathoms. Holotype (unique): AMS E.990 (destroyed). •Valid as Irolita waitii (McCulloch 1911) -- (Allen & Swainston 1988:26 [ref. 25477], Paxton et al. 1989:55 [ref. 12442], Gomon et al. 1994:158 [ref. 22532], Last & Stevens 1994:308 [ref. 23873], Jeong & Nakabo 1997:419 [ref. 23364], McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:489 [ref. 25589], Hutchins 2001:15 [ref. 25847], Last & Yearsley 2002:1640 [ref. 26568], Hoese et al. 2006:183 [ref. 29001], Last & Gledhill 2008:173 [ref. 29655], Last & White 2008:119 [ref. 30618], Weigmann 2016:98 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:24 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:437 [ref. 35005]). Current status: Valid as Irolita waitii (McCulloch 1911). Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Australia: South Australia and Western Australia. Habitat: marine.

westraliensis, Irolita Last [P. R.] & Gledhill [D. C.] 2008:173, Figs. 1-6 [CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research Paper No. 021; ref. 29655] Northwest of Port Hedland, Western Australia, 18°50'S, 117°40"E, depth 169 meters. Holotype: CSIRO H 3243-01. Paratypes: CSIRO CA 2800 (1), CA 2801 (1), CA 3793 (1), CA 4216 (1), CA 4217 (1), H 1503-01 (1), H 4069-01 (1), H 5189-01 (1); WAM P26193-004 (1). •Valid as Irolita westraliensis Last & Gledhill 2008 -- (Larson et al. 2013:18 [ref. 32988], Weigmann 2016:98 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:24 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:438 [ref. 35005], Gloerfelt-Tarp & Kailola 2022:31 [ref. 41223]). Current status: Valid as Irolita westraliensis Last & Gledhill 2008. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean: northern Western Australia (Australia). Habitat: marine.

yurii, Notoraja Dolganov [V. N.] 2020:61, Fig. 1 [Biologiya Morya (Vladivostok) v. 46 (no. 1); ref. 38192] Southeastern Indian Ocean, 29°38′S, 88°04′E, depth 1,300-1,500 meters. Holotype: ZMMU 15720. Paratypes: ZMMU. •Valid as Notoraja yurii Dolganov 2020 -- (Weigmann et al. 2021:17 [ref. 38188]). Current status: Valid as Notoraja yurii Dolganov 2020. Arhynchobatidae. Distribution: Southeastern Indian Ocean: East Indiaman and Broken ridges. IUCN (2023): Not assessed. Habitat: marine.