Please look in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes for authorships of sections, Families of Fishes (all), and related information.

Species in the family or subfamily Channidae: [ 133 ] records

affinis, Ophiocephalus Günther [A.] 1861:470 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 3; ref. 1964] Perhaps from Mauritius, Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean and no locality. Syntypes: BMNH 1852.9.13.232 (1) ? Mauritius [probably southeast Asia], 1860.3.19.22 (1) no locality. See Fricke 1999:569 [ref. 24106]. •Synonym of Channa punctatus (Bloch 1793) -- (Menon 1999:276 [ref. 24904]). •Synonym of Channa punctata (Bloch 1793) -- (Courtenay & Williams 2004:109 [ref. 27545]). Current status: Synonym of Channa punctata (Bloch 1793). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

africanus, Ophiocephalus Steindachner [F.] 1879:31 [Anzeiger der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 16 (no. 4); ref. 20480] Lagos, 6°27'N, 3°23'E, Nigeria. Holotype (unique): SMNS 1491. Type catalog: Fricke 1995:8 [ref. 28100], Fricke 2005:25 [ref. 29864]. Species later illustrated and described in more detail in Steindachner 1879:15, Pl. 3 (fig. 2) [ref. 4228]. •Valid as Parachanna africana (Steindachner 1879) -- (Bonou & Teugels 1985:278 [ref. 26743], Teugels et al. 1986:288 [ref. 6202], Teugels in Lévêque et al. 1992:656 [ref. 21590], Musikasinthorn & Taki 2001:320 [ref. 25558], Courtenay & Williams 2004:121 [ref. 27545], Teugels 2007:243 [ref. 30042], Rüber et al. 2019:[5] [ref. 36913], Fermon et al. 2022:228 [ref. 39448] with question). Current status: Valid as Parachanna africana (Steindachner 1879). Channidae. Distribution: Western-central Africa: Ghana, Benin and Nigeria. Habitat: freshwater.

amari, Channa Dey [A.], Chowdhury [B. R.], Nur [R.], Sarkar [D.], Kosygin [L.] & Barat [S.] 2019:300, Figs. 1-2 [International Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences v. 9 (no. 2); ref. 36760] Bhalka forest, Alipurduar district, West Bengal, India, 26°53'34"N, 89°32' 52"E. Holotype: ZSI FF 7926. Paratypes: ZSI FF 7927 (9). •Synonym of Channa brunnea Praveenraj, Uma, Moulitharan & Kannan 2019 -- (Praveenraj et al. 2019:67 [ref. 36803], Britz et al. 2019:597 [ref. 37016], Britz et al. 2024:22 [ref. 40761]). Current status: Synonym of Channa brunnea Praveenraj, Uma, Moulitharan & Kannan 2019. Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

amphibeus, Ophiocephalus McClelland [J.] 1845:275 [Calcutta Journal of Natural History v. 5 (no. 18); ref. 2929] [Neotype] Vicinity of Chail River, one of the tributaries of the Teesta at the foot of Bouton mountains, northern Bengal, India. Neotype: ZSI F 11435/1. The original spelling was amphibeus, not amphibius. Neotype designated by Musikasinthorn 2000:33 [ref. 24480]. •Valid as Channa amphibeus (McClelland 1845) -- (Talwar & Jhingran 1991:1015 [ref. 20764] as amphibius, Musikasinthorn 2000:32 [ref. 24480], Menon 1999:272 [ref. 24904] as amphibius, Karmakar 2000:35 [ref. 25662] as amphibius, Courtenay & Williams 2004:43 [ref. 27545], Vishwanath & Geetakumari 2009:98 [ref. 30105], Gurung et al. 2013:4885 [ref. 32969], Lalhlimpuia et al. 2016:349 [ref. 34637], Gurumayum & Tamang 2016:183 [ref. 35232], Dey et al. 2019:502 [ref. 36484], Dey et al. 2019:302 [ref. 36760], Rüber et al. 2019:[3] [ref. 36913], Praveenraj et al. 2020:945 [ref. 38037]). Current status: Valid as Channa amphibeus (McClelland 1845). Channidae. Distribution: South Asia: Chel River drainage, Brahmaputra River basin, North Bengal, northeastern India. Habitat: freshwater.

andrao, Channa Britz [R.] 2013:288, Figs. 1-2, 5A [Zootaxa 3731 (no. 2); ref. 32966] West Bengal, Jalpaiguri district, Lefraguri swamp, 26°31'N, 89°50'E, India. Holotype: BMNH 2013.10.1.2. Paratypes: BMNH 2013.10.1.3-11 (9). •Valid as Channa andrao Britz 2013 -- (Knight 2016:8588 [ref. 34348], Gurumayum & Tamang 2016:183 [ref. 35232], Dey et al. 2019:503 [ref. 36484], Praveenraj et al. 2019:67 [ref. 36803], Rüber et al. 2019:[3] [ref. 36913], Chakraborty et al. 2020:107 [ref. 37332], Praveenraj et al. 2020:945 [ref. 38037]). Current status: Valid as Channa andrao Britz 2013. Channidae. Distribution: Jalpaiguri, West Bengal, India. Habitat: freshwater.

apus, Ophiocephalus Canestrini [G.] 1861:77, Pl. 4 (figs. 7, 7a-b) [Archivio per la Zoologia, l'Anatomia e la Fisiologia v. 1 (no. 1); ref. 17329] Java, Indonesia. Lectotype: MCSNG 38373. Lectotype selected by Tortonese 1964:1. •Synonym of Channa orientalis Bloch & Schneider 1801 -- (Talwar & Jhingran 1991:1019 [ref. 20764], Menon 1999:275 [ref. 24904], Courtenay & Williams 2004:102 [ref. 27545]). •Synonym of Channa gachua (Hamilton 1822) -- (Kottelat 2013:460 [ref. 32989]). •Synonym of Channa limbata (Cuvier 1831) -- (Praveenraj et al. 2018:11 [ref. 36419]). Current status: Synonym of Channa limbata (Cuvier 1831). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

ara, Ophiocephalus marulius Deraniyagala [P. E. P.] 1945:95 [Spolia Zeylanica v. 24 (pt 2); ref. 13082] Mahaweli River basin, Angammedilla, Sri Lamka, 7°51'14"N, 80°54'25"E, elevation 81 meters [Sri Lanka]. Neotype: NMSL 2020.02.01. Type information: Pethiyagoda 1991:336 [ref. 20075]. Original genus should have been spelled Ophicephalus. Neotype designated by Sudasinghe et al. 2020:120 [ref. 37353]. •Synonym of Channa marulius (Hamilton 1822) -- (Talwar & Jhingran 1991:1017 [ref. 20764], Menon 1999:274 [ref. 24904] as Chana, Courtenay & Williams 2004:83 [ref. 27545], Kottelat 2013:461 [ref. 32989], Adamson & Britz 2018:549 [ref. 36282]). •Valid as Channa ara (Deraniyagala 1945) -- (Perera et al. 2020:414 [ref. 37771], Sudasinghe et al. 2020:116 [ref. 37353]). Current status: Valid as Channa ara (Deraniyagala 1945). Channidae. Distribution: South Asia: Mahaweli River system (Sri Lanka) endemic. Habitat: freshwater.

argus, Ophicephalus Cantor [T. E.] 1842:484 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (New Series) v. 9 (nos 58, 59, 60); ref. 17344] Chusan Island, China. Syntypes: BMNH 1843.7.21.3 (1), 1843.7.21.11-12 (9) Syntypes from James Maclaine, personal communication 12/6/2017. •Valid as Ophicephalus argus Cantor 1842 -- (Berg 1949:1005 [ref. 20662], Okada 1961:747 [ref. 6363], Wang 1984:96 [ref. 22951] with genus as Ophiocephalus, Cheng & Zhou 1997:402 [ref. 26385], Wang et al. 2001:210 [ref. 26566] with genus as Ophiocephalus). •Valid as Bostrychoides argus (Cantor 1842) -- (Endruweit 2024:44 [ref. 41040]). •Valid as Channa argus (Cantor 1842) -- (Kuroda 1953:277 [ref. 39545], Uyeno & Arai in Masuda et al. 1984:122 [ref. 6441], Kawanabe & Mizuno 1989:470 [ref. 25598], Vierke 1991:20 [ref. 16625], Zhong in Pan et al. 1991:511 [ref. 23876], Zhuo in Ding 1994:536 [ref. 21531], Yang & Chen 1995:117 [ref. 23555], Zhu 1995:186 [ref. 25213], Bogutskaya & Naseka 1996:56 [ref. 22798] with subspecies, Kim 1997:487 [ref. 24032] as arga, Reshetnikov et al. 1997:757 [ref. 24702], Yang in Chen 1998:329 [ref. 23556], Reshetnikov 1998:148 [ref. 23570], Sato et al. 1998:44 [ref. 24972], Musikasinthorn 2000:31 [ref. 24480], Nakabo 2000:1353 [ref. 25182], Matsuura et al. 2000:248 [ref. 26000], Tang et al. 2001:15 [ref. 25373], Bogutskaya et al. 2001:48 [ref. 26178], Kim & Park 2002:407 [ref. 25913], Nakabo 2002:1353 [ref. 26193], Choi et al. 2003:426, 679 [ref. 26218], Courtenay et al. 2004:4 [ref. 27561], Courtenay & Williams 2004:45 [ref. 27545], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:239 [ref. 28183], Bogutskaya et al. 2008:354 [ref. 30085], Scharpf 2009:14 [ref. 30400], Page & Burr 2011:616 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:184 [ref. 32708], Parin et al. 2014:521 [ref. 33547], Zhang et al. 2016:209 [ref. 34477], Rüber et al. 2019:[3] [ref. 36913], Zhang et al. 2019:533 [ref. 36699], Guo 2021:891 [ref. 38618], Chan et al. 2023:141 [ref. 40365], Çiçek et al. 2023:45 [ref. 40326], Page et al. 2023:127 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:329 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Channa argus (Cantor 1842). Channidae. Distribution: East Asia: China, Korea and Russia. Introduced elsewhere. IUCN (2022): Least Concern. Habitat: freshwater.

aristonei, Channa Praveenraj [J.], Thackeray [T.], Singh [S. G.], Uma [A.], Moulitharan [N.] & Mukhim [B. K.] 2020:939, Figs. 1-3A [Copeia v. 108 (no. 4); ref. 38037] Streams at Puriang, East Khasi Hills, Meghalaya, northeastern India, 25°33'47.5"N, 92°06'24.5"E. Holotype: BNHS FWF 1017. Paratypes: BNHS FWF 1018 (1), BNHS FWF 1040-42 (3), CIARI FF-61 (2). •Valid as Channa aristonei Praveenraj, Thackeray, Singh, Uma, Moulitharan & Mukhim 2020 -- (Britz et al. 2024:22 [ref. 40761]). Current status: Valid as Channa aristonei Praveenraj, Thackeray, Singh, Uma, Moulitharan & Mukhim 2020. Channidae. Distribution: South Asia: East Khasi Hills, Meghalaya, northeastern India. Habitat: freshwater.

asiaticus, Gymnotus Linnaeus [C.] 1758:246 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Asia. Holotype (unique): ZMUU Linn. Coll. 171. Type catalog: Lönnberg 1896:39 [ref. 23530], Wheeler 1991:187-188, Fig. 26 [ref. 20102]. •Valid as Bostrychoides asiaticus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Endruweit 2024:43 [ref. 41040]). •Valid as Channa asiatica (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Uyeno in Masuda et al. 1984:122 [ref. 6441], Feng in Kuang et al. 1986:320 [ref. 26639], Kawanabe & Mizuno 1989:476 [ref. 25598], Zheng 1989:369 [ref. 21202], Vierke 1991:20 [ref. 16625], Zhong in Pan et al. 1991:516 [ref. 23876], Zhu 1995:187 [ref. 25213], Musikasinthorn 2000:32 [ref. 24480], Nakabo 2000:1353 [ref. 25182], Tang et al. 2001:15 [ref. 25373], Kottelat 2001:63 [ref. 25482], Sakai et al. 2001:122 [ref. 25693], Zhang et al. 2002:142 [ref. 26152], Nakabo 2002:1353 [ref. 26193], Courtenay & Williams 2004:53 [ref. 27545], Ho & Shao 2011:60 [ref. 31432], Nguyen 2011:xx [ref. 32049], Britz 2013:292 [ref. 32966], Endruweit 2014:156 [ref. 33205], Kottelat 2013:459 [ref. 32989], Zhang et al. 2016:209 [ref. 34477], Rüber et al. 2019:[3] [ref. 36913]). Current status: Valid as Channa asiatica (Linnaeus 1758). Channidae. Distribution: East Asia: Vietnam and southern China. Introduced elsewhere. IUCN (2012): Least Concern. Habitat: freshwater.

aspilotus, Ophicephalus Sauvage [H.-E.] & Dabry de Thiersant [P.] 1874:4 [Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Paris (Zoologie et Paléontologie) (Sér. 6) v. 1 (art. 5); ref. 15665] China. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000-7351. Type catalog: Blanc 1963:75 [ref. 19851]. Valid if the type specimen of Ophicephalus maculatus is a eleotrid goby. Dabry de Thiersant collected the specimen, he was not the only author responsible for the description. •Not treated in Zhang et al. 2016:209 [ref. 34477]. •Valid as Bostrychoides aspilotus (Sauvage & Dabry de Thiersant 1874) -- (Endruweit 2024:46 [ref. 41040] with author as Dabry de Thiersant). •Synonym of Channa maculata (Lacepède 1801) -- (Kottelat 2013:460 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Channa maculata (Lacepède 1801). Channidae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Red River drainage, Vietnam and China [if valid]. Habitat: freshwater.

assamensis, Channa Pathak [S.], Sarma [N. N.] & Goswami [M. M.] 2023:2, Figs. 1-2a [Species v. 24 (no. 74); ref. 40762] Kanamakra River at Aguri, Chirang District, Assam, India, 26°40'0"N, 90°35'0"E, elevation 110 meters. Holotype: ERS/ZSI 4421. Paratypes: ERS/ZSI 4418 (1), 4419 (2), 4420 (2). Not published in an ICZN available article. •In the synonymy of Channa quinquefasciata Praveenraj, Uma, Knight, Moulitharan, Balasubramanian, Bineesh & Bleher 2018 -- (Britz et al. 2024:22 [ref. 40761]). Current status: Synonym of Channa quinquefasciata Praveenraj, Uma, Knight, Moulitharan, Balasubramanian, Bineesh & Bleher 2018. Channidae.

aurantiacus, Ophiocephalus Hamilton [F.] 1822:69, 368, Pl. 23 (fig. 22) [An account of the fishes found in the river Ganges; ref. 2031] Mountain stream near Goyalpara [Goalpara] near northeastern frontier of Bengal, India. No types known. Spelled aurantianis on plate. Günther as first reviser selected gachua, Günther 1861:471 [ref. 1964]. Information on type locality see Britz 2019:38 [ref. 37532]. Hamilton's original illustration reproduced by Britz 2019:Pl. 44 [ref. 37532]. •Synonym of Channa orientalis Bloch & Schneider 1801 -- (Menon 1999:275 [ref. 24904] as auranticus). •Synonym of Channa gachua (Hamilton 1822) -- (Ng et al. 1999:57 [ref. 24286], Courtenay & Williams 2004:69 [ref. 27545], Kottelat 2013:459 [ref. 32989], Knight 2016:8588 [ref. 34348], Lalramliana et al. 2018:174 [ref. 36027], Praveenraj et al. 2018:8 [ref. 36419], Praveenraj et al. 2019:66 [ref. 36501], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:250 [ref. 37983], Çiçek et al. 2024:325 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Channa gachua (Hamilton 1822). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

aurantimaculata, Channa Musikasinthorn [P.] 2000:27, Figs. 1-3 [Ichthyological Research v. 47 (no. 1); ref. 24480] Market at Dibrugarh town, Dibrugarh, Assam, India. Holotype: KUMF 3135. Paratypes: KUMF 3136 (1), NSMT-P 55735 (1, dissected), ZSI FF 4053 (1). •Valid as Channa aurantimaculata Musikasinthorn 2000 -- (Courtenay & Williams 2004:55 [ref. 27545], Vishwanath & Geetakumari 2009:98 [ref. 30105], Benziger et al. 2011:2 [ref. 31366], Knight 2016:8588 [ref. 34348], Gurumayum & Tamang 2016:183 [ref. 35232], Praveenraj et al. 2018:150 [ref. 36434], Dey et al. 2019:502 [ref. 36484], Dey et al. 2019:302 [ref. 36760], Rüber et al. 2019:[3] [ref. 36913], Chakraborty et al. 2020:107 [ref. 37332], Praveenraj et al. 2020:946 [ref. 38037]). Current status: Valid as Channa aurantimaculata Musikasinthorn 2000. Channidae. Distribution: South Asia: upper Brahmaputra River basin, northern Assam and Arunachal Pradesh, India. Habitat: freshwater.

aurantipectoralis, Channa Lalhlimpuia [D. V.], Lalronunga [S.] & Lalramliana [no initials] 2016:344, Figs. 1, 2 [Zootaxa 4147 (no. 3); ref. 34637] Keisalam River, a tributary of Karnaphuli River, in the vicinity of Phuldungsei, Mamit District, Mizoram, India, 23°31'25"N, 92°22'45"E. Holotype: ZSI FF 5634. Paratypes: PUCMF, ZSI. •Valid as Channa aurantipectoralis Lalhlimpuia, Lalronunga & Lalramliana 2016 -- (Lalramliana et al. 2018:167 [ref. 36027], Dey et al. 2019:502 [ref. 36484], Dey et al. 2019:302 [ref. 36760], Rüber et al. 2019:[3] [ref. 36913], Praveenraj et al. 2020:945 [ref. 38037]). Current status: Valid as Channa aurantipectoralis Lalhlimpuia, Lalronunga & Lalramliana 2016. Channidae. Distribution: South Asia: Karnaphuli River basin, Mizoram, India. Habitat: freshwater.

auroflammea, Channa Adamson [E. A. S.], Britz [R.] & Lieng [S.] 2019:400, Figs. 2-3, 5D [Zootaxa 4571 (no. 3); ref. 36613] Ban Lung market, reportedly collected at Lumphat, Mekong. Holotype: BMNH 2015.1.29.13. Paratypes: BMNH 1980.12.16.22-23 (2), 2018.12.24.1 (1), CMK, TCWC, UMMZ, ZRC. •Valid as Channa auroflammea Adamson, Britz & Lieng 2019 -- (Rüber et al. 2019:[3] [ref. 36913], Taki et al. 2021:415 [ref. 39830]). Current status: Valid as Channa auroflammea Adamson, Britz & Lieng 2019. Channidae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Mekong River basin, Laos, Cambodia and Thailand. Habitat: freshwater.

aurolineatus, Ophiocephalus Day [F.] 1870:99 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1870 (pt 1) (art. 3) (for 10 Feb. 1870); ref. 17370] Moulmein, Myanmar. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1889.2.1.3804. Type catalog: Whitehead & Talwar 1976:158 [ref. 23762], Adamson & Britz 2018:549 [ref. 36282]. •Synonym of Channa marulius (Hamilton 1822) -- (Menon 1999:274 [ref. 24904], Courtenay & Williams 2004:83 [ref. 27545], Kottelat 2013:461 [ref. 32989]). •Valid as Channa aurolineata (Day 1870) -- (Adamson & Britz 2018:545 [ref. 36282], Adamson et al. 2019:406 [ref. 36613], Rüber et al. 2019:[3] [ref. 36913], Page et al. 2023:127 [ref. 40505], Vishwanath 2021:376 [ref. 41793], Chen et al. 2024:141 [ref. 41792]). Current status: Valid as Channa aurolineata (Day 1870). Channidae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Myanmar and western Thailand: Chindwin-Ayeyarwaddy (Irrawaddy), Sittaung (Sittang) and Thanlwin (Salween) River basins, introduced in southern Florida. Habitat: freshwater.

bankanensis, Ophiocephalus Bleeker [P.] 1853:726 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 3 (no. 5); ref. 16829] Gobali, Bangka, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. Bleeker specimens: BMNH 1880.4.21.174 (1) no locality. •Valid as Channa bankanensis (Bleeker 1853) -- (Roberts 1989:168 [ref. 6439], Vierke 1991:20 [ref. 16625], Ng & Lim 1991:126 [ref. 18920], Kottelat et al. 1993:165 [ref. 23448], Lee et al. 1994:61 [ref. 23558], Kottelat & Lim 1996:249 [ref. 23210], Musikasinthorn 2000:31 [ref. 24480], Musikasinthorn & Taki 2001:320 [ref. 25558], Courtenay & Williams 2004:57 [ref. 27545], Tan & Ng 2005:133 [ref. 28283], Kottelat & Widjanarti 2005:167 [ref. 28284], Benziger et al. 2011:4 [ref. 31366], Kottelat 2013:459 [ref. 32989], Rüber et al. 2019:[3] [ref. 36913]). Current status: Valid as Channa bankanensis (Bleeker 1853). Channidae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Indonesia (Sumatra and Borneo) and Malaysia (Selangor). Habitat: freshwater.

baramensis, Ophiocephalus Steindachner [F.] 1901:435, Pl. 17 (figs. 3-3a) [Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft v. 25; ref. 14769] Baram River, northern Sarawak [n. Borneo], Malaysia. Syntypes: SMF 860 (1), 8473 (1). •Synonym of Channa melasoma (Bleeker 1851) -- (Roberts 1989:170 [ref. 6439]). •Valid as Channa baramensis (Steindachner 1901) -- (Martin-Smith & Tan 1998:593 [ref. 23647] but perhaps in error for melasoma). •Valid as Channa baramensis (Steindachner 1901) -- (Musikasinthorn 2000:31 [ref. 24480], Courtenay & Williams 2004:59 [ref. 27545], Kottelat 2013:459 [ref. 32989], Sulaiman et al. 2018:38 [ref. 35802], Rüber et al. 2019:[3] [ref. 36913]). Current status: Valid as Channa baramensis (Steindachner 1901). Channidae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Borneo. Habitat: freshwater.

barca, Ophiocephalus Hamilton [F.] 1822:67, 367, Pl. 35 (fig. 20) [An account of the fishes found in the river Ganges; ref. 2031] Brahmaputra River near Goyalpara [Goalpara], Assam, India. No types known. Information on type locality see Britz 2019:38 [ref. 37532]. Hamilton's original illustration reproduced by Britz 2019:Pl. 42 [ref. 37532]. •Valid as Channa barca (Hamilton 1822) -- (Ataur Rahman 1989:67 [ref. 24860], Vierke 1991:20 [ref. 16625], Talwar & Jhingran 1991:1016 [ref. 20764], Sen 1995:593 [ref. 23778], Menon 1999:272 [ref. 24904], Karmakar 2000:35 [ref. 25662], Ataur Rahman 2003:82 [ref. 31338], Courtenay & Williams 2004:61 [ref. 27545], Shrestha 2008:232 [ref. 29923], Vishwanath & Geetakumari 2009:98 [ref. 30105], Knight 2016:8588 [ref. 34348], Gurumayum & Tamang 2016:183 [ref. 35232], Praveenraj et al. 2018:150 [ref. 36434], Dey et al. 2019:502 [ref. 36484], Dey et al. 2019:302 [ref. 36760], Rüber et al. 2019:[3] [ref. 36913], Praveenraj et al. 2020:945 [ref. 38037]). Current status: Valid as Channa barca (Hamilton 1822). Channidae. Distribution: South Asia: Brahmaputra River basin, Assam, northern India, Nepal, Bhutan and Bangladesh. Habitat: freshwater.

basalis, Ophiocephalus gachua var. Günther [A.] 1861:472 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 3; ref. 1964] East Indies. Syntypes: BMNH 1860.3.19.38 (originally 2, 1 lost), BMNH 1858.8.15.144 (1). •Synonym of Channa gachua (Hamilton 1822) -- (Ng et al. 1999:57 [ref. 24286], Kottelat 2013:460 [ref. 32989], Knight 2016:8589 [ref. 34348], Lalramliana et al. 2018:174 [ref. 36027], Praveenraj et al. 2018:11 [ref. 36419], Praveenraj et al. 2019:67 [ref. 36501], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:250 [ref. 37983]). Current status: Synonym of Channa gachua (Hamilton 1822). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

bipuli, Channa Praveenraj [J.], Uma [A.], Moulitharan [N.] & Bleher [H.] 2018:155, Figs. 1, 2A, 3-5, 6A, D, G. [aqua, International Journal of Ichthyology v. 24 (no. 4); ref. 36435] Small stream at the outskirts of Garbhanga forest, Assam, India, 26°6'6.16"N, 91°45'57.31"E. Holotype: ZSI FF 7650. Paratypes: CIARI, ZSI. •Valid as Channa bipuli Praveenraj, Uma, Moulitharan & Bleher 2018 -- (Dey et al. 2019:302 [ref. 36760], Rüber et al. 2019:[3] [ref. 36913], Praveenraj et al. 2020:945 [ref. 38037], Britz et al. 2024:22 [ref. 40761]). Current status: Valid as Channa bipuli Praveenraj, Uma, Moulitharan & Bleher 2018. Channidae. Distribution: South Asia: rivers in Garbhanga forest, Assam, India. Habitat: freshwater.

bistriatus, Ophiocephalus Weber [M.] & de Beaufort [L. F.] 1922:322 [Fishes Indo-Australian Archipelago v. 4; ref. 4598] Sungei Manggar, Balikpapan, Borneo, Indonesia and Sarawak, Borneo, Indonesia. Syntypes: ZMA 103187 (3) and syntypes of O. bivittatus Károli. •Synonym of Channa lucius (Cuvier 1831) -- (Roberts 1989:170 [ref. 6439], Courtenay & Williams 2004:75 [ref. 27545], Tan & Ng 2005:133 [ref. 28283], Kottelat 2013:460 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Channa lucius (Cuvier 1831). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

bivittatus, Ophicephalus Bleeker [P.] 1845:519 [Natuur-en Geneeskundig Archief voor Neȇrlandsch Indië v. 2 (3); ref. 312] Not available, no distinguishing features; from Batavia, Java. •In the synonymy of Channa micropeltes (Cuvier 1831) -- (Roberts 1989:170 [ref. 6439], Courtenay & Williams 2004:94 [ref. 27545], Kottelat 2013:461 [ref. 32989]). Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Channa micropeltes (Cuvier 1831). Channidae.

bivittatus, Ophiocephalus Károli [J.] 1882:170 [Természetrajzi Füzetek, Budapest v. 5 (no. 2) (for 1881); ref. 14295] Sarawak state (in rivers), Borneo, East Malaysia. Syntypes: (6) MNSB 848 (whereabouts unknown). Not preoccupied by Ophiocephalus bivittatus Bleeker 1845, nomen nudum. •Synonym of Channa lucius (Cuvier 1831) -- (Courtenay & Williams 2004:75 [ref. 27545], Kottelat 2013:460 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Channa lucius (Cuvier 1831). Channidae. Distribution: Borneo, Malaysia. Habitat: freshwater.

bleheri, Channa Vierke [J.] 1991:22, Figs. [Das Aquarium, Magazin für zeitgemässe Vivaristik v. 25 (no. 259); ref. 16625] Upper Diburu near Guijam, Assam, India. Holotype: ZFMK 16555. Paratypes: ZFMK 16556 (1). Type catalog: Herder et al. 2010:133 [ref. 31087]. •Valid as Channa bleheri Vierke 1991 -- (Musikasinthorn 2000:35 [ref. 24480], Kullander et al. 2000:331 [ref. 25075], Zhang et al. 2002:142 [ref. 26152], Courtenay & Williams 2004:63 [ref. 27545], Vishwanath & Geetakumari 2009:98 [ref. 30105], Benziger et al. 2011:2 [ref. 31366], Britz 2013:292 [ref. 32966], Knight 2016:8588 [ref. 34348], Gurumayum & Tamang 2016:183 [ref. 35232], Dey et al. 2019:302 [ref. 36760], Praveenraj et al. 2019:59 [ref. 36803], Rüber et al. 2019:[3] [ref. 36913], Chakraborty et al. 2020:107 [ref. 37332], Praveenraj et al. 2020:945 [ref. 38037]). Current status: Valid as Channa bleheri Vierke 1991. Channidae. Distribution: Brahmaputra River basin, Assam, India. Habitat: freshwater.

brahmacharyi, Channa Chakraborty [P.], Yardi [K.] & Mukherjee [P.] 2020:102, Figs. 1-3 [Species v. 21 (no. 67); ref. 37332] Simsang river, East Garo Hills district, Meghalaya, India, 25°34'08"N, 90°30'04"E. Holotype: ZSI F-. Paratypes: BVIEER FC/005-010 (6), ZSI F- (1). •Valid as Channa brahmacharyi Chakraborty, Yardi & Mukherjee 2020 -- (Britz et al. 2024:22 [ref. 40761]). Current status: Valid as Channa brahmacharyi Chakraborty, Yardi & Mukherjee 2020. Channidae. Distribution: South Asia: Simsang river drainage, Meghalaya, India. Habitat: freshwater.

brunnea, Channa Praveenraj [J.], Uma [A.], Moulitharan [N.] & Kannan [R.] 2019:60, Figs. 1-3A-B, 4A, 5 [Zootaxa 4624 (no. 1); ref. 36803] Swamp in Bhalka forest in the vicinity of the Sankosh River, Jalpaiguri district, West Bengal, India, 26°30'3.6"N, 89°50'32.6"E. Holotype: ZSI FF 8040. Paratypes: JPC 29-33 (5), ZSI FF 8041 (4). •Valid as Channa brunnea Praveenraj, Uma, Moulitharan & Kannan 2019 -- (Chakraborty et al. 2020:107 [ref. 37332], Praveenraj et al. 2020:945 [ref. 38037], Britz et al. 2024:22 [ref. 40761]). Current status: Valid as Channa brunnea Praveenraj, Uma, Moulitharan & Kannan 2019. Channidae. Distribution: South Asia: Sankosh River drainage, West Bengal, India. Habitat: freshwater.

burmanica, Channa Chaudhuri [B. L.] 1919:284, Pl. 22 (figs. 4, 4a-b) [Records of the Indian Museum (Calcutta) v. 16 (pt. 4) (art. 18); ref. 15208] Sen-Bin-Ti River, Putao [Puta] plains, Tibetan frontier, northeastern Myanmar. Holotype: ZSI F9755/1. Paratypes: ZSI F9754 (1), F9756-57 (2). Type catalog: Menon & Yazdani 1968:142 [ref. 20743]. See Das 2003:351 [ref. 27706]. •Synonym of Channa orientalis Bloch & Schneider 1801 -- (Talwar & Jhingran 1991:1019 [ref. 20764], Menon 1999:275 [ref. 24904]). •Synonym of Channa gachua (Hamilton 1822) -- (Kottelat 2013:460 [ref. 32989] with question). •Valid as Channa burmanica Chaudhuri 1919 -- (Kullander et al. 2000:331 [ref. 25075], Courtenay & Williams 2004:65, ?102 [ref. 27545], Britz 2013:292 [ref. 32966], Knight 2016:8588 [ref. 34348], Endruweit 2017:178 [ref. 35627], Dey et al. 2019:502 [ref. 36484], Dey et al. 2019:302 [ref. 36760], Praveenraj et al. 2019:67 [ref. 36803], Rüber et al. 2019:[3] [ref. 36913], Praveenraj et al. 2020:945 [ref. 38037], Britz et al. 2024:22 [ref. 40761]). Current status: Valid as Channa burmanica Chaudhuri 1919. Channidae. Distribution: South Asia: Putao Plains, Myanmar. Habitat: freshwater.

centrala, Channa Nguyen [V. H.], Nguyen [T. D. P.] & Nguyen [T. H. T.] 2011:14, Fig. 1 (I and k) [Newsletter Research Institute for Aquaculture No. 1, issue 4; ref. 33001] •Not available, no designation of a holotype; in the synonymy of Channa gachua (Hamilton 1822) -- (Kottelat 2013:460 [ref. 32989]). •In the synonymy of Channa limbata (Cuvier 1831). Current status: Synonym of Channa limbata (Cuvier 1831). Channidae.

chena, Ophiocephalus Hamilton [F.] 1822:62, 367 [An account of the fishes found in the river Ganges; ref. 2031] Gualpara, India. No types known. Information on type locality see Britz 2019:38 [ref. 37532]. •Synonym of Ophicephalus striatus Bloch 1793 -- (Endruweit 2024:53 [ref. 41040]). •Synonym of Channa striatus (Bloch 1793) -- (Menon 1999:277 [ref. 24904]). •Synonym of Channa striata (Bloch 1793) -- (Courtenay & Williams 2004:115 [ref. 27545], Kottelat 2013:462 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Channa striata (Bloch 1793). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

coccinea, Channa Britz [R.], Tan [H. H.] & Rüber [L.] 2024:12, Figs. 11-13 [Raffles Bulletin of Zoology v. 72; ref. 40761] Unnamed streams north of Putao, Kachin State, Myanmar. Holotype: ZRC 64931. Paratypes: MTD 40203 (2), ZRC 64932 (7). •Valid as Channa coccinea Britz, Tan & Rüber 2024. Current status: Valid as Channa coccinea Britz, Tan & Rüber 2024. Channidae. Distribution: South Asia: streams near Putao, Kachin State, Myanmar. Habitat: freshwater.

cocnhayia, Channa Nguyen [V. H.], Bui [D. D.] & Nguyen [T. H.] 2015:50, Figs. 1-2 [Science and Technology journal of Agriculture & Rural Development (Nông Nghiêp & Phát Triên Nông Thôn) No. 256; ref. 36456] Hai Nham hamlet, Ninh Hai commune, Hoa Lu district, Ninh Binh province, Vietnam. Holotype: RIAH NB.13.06.001. Paratypes: RIA 1-001023 (1). •Valid as Channa cocnhayia Nguyen, Bui & Nguyen 2015. •Synonym of Channa longistomata Nguyen, Nguyen & Nguyen 2012 -- (Endruweit 2024:49 [ref. 41040]). Current status: Synonym of Channa longistomata Nguyen, Nguyen & Nguyen 2012. Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

coramota, Ophicephalus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1831:414 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 7; ref. 4881] Vizagapatam [Visakhapatnam], India. Originally as cora-mota. Based on the "Kora Motta" of Russell 1803, v. 2:49 [ref. 13862], not accompanied by a plate according to remark on last page of volume 2. •Synonym of Channa orientalis (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Menon 1999:275 [ref. 24904]). •Synonym of Channa gachua (Hamilton 1822) -- (Ng et al. 1999:57 [ref. 24286], Courtenay & Williams 2004:70 [ref. 27545], Kottelat 2013:459 [ref. 32989], Praveenraj et al. 2019:66 [ref. 36501], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:250 [ref. 37983], Çiçek et al. 2024:325 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Channa gachua (Hamilton 1822). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

cyanospilos, Ophicephalus Bleeker [P.] 1853:256 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 4 (no. 2); ref. 12580] Telok Betong, southern Sumatra, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. •Valid as Channa cyanospilos (Bleeker 1853) -- (Ng & Lim 1991:120 [ref. 18920], Kottelat et al. 1993:165 [ref. 23448], Musikasinthorn 2000:31 [ref. 24480], Courtenay & Williams 2004:67 [ref. 27545], Tan & Ng 2005:133 [ref. 28283], Kottelat 2013:459 [ref. 32989], Rüber et al. 2019:[3] [ref. 36913]). Current status: Valid as Channa cyanospilos (Bleeker 1853). Channidae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Indonesia (Sumatra) and Malaysia. Habitat: freshwater.

dakrongensis, Channa striata Nguyen [V. H.], Do [V. T.], Nguyen [T. H. T.] & Nguyen [T. D. P.] 2012:16, Figs. 1e-f [Bulletin of Aquaculture Research Institute I No. 8; ref. 41051] Dakrong River, Dakrong, Quang Trj, Vietnam. Possible material: RIA1 (21). Types not expressly mentioned, not available, ICZN 73.2.1.1. •In the synonymy of Ophicephalus striatus Bloch 1793 -- (Endruweit 2024:53 [ref. 41040]). •In the synonymy of Channa striata (Bloch 1793). Current status: Synonym of Channa striata (Bloch 1793). Channidae.

diplogramma, Ophiocephalus Day [F.] 1865:36 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1865 (pt 1) (art. 1); ref. 17367] Cochin, Malabar coast, India. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1865.7.17.24. Day specimens: MCZ 4276 (1), ZSI 1389 (1). Type catalog: Whitehead & Talwar 1976:158 [ref. 23762]. Also appeared in Day 1865:147, Pl. 10 [ref. 1074]. Originally as diplogramma -- the name diplogramma is apparently a noun; that is the correct spelling when in Channa. •Valid as Channa diplogramme (Day 1865) -- (Kottelat 1998:116 [ref. 23436]). •Synonym of Channa micropeltes (Cuvier 1831) -- (Roberts 1989:170 [ref. 6439] as diplogramma, Courtenay & Williams 2004:94 [ref. 27545] as diplogramma). •Valid as Channa diplogramma Day 1865 -- (Benziger et al. 2011:4 [ref. 31366], Kottelat 2013:441 [ref. 32989], Rüber et al. 2019:[3] [ref. 36913]). Current status: Valid as Channa diplogramma (Day 1865). Channidae. Distribution: South Asia: southern India. Habitat: freshwater.

fasciata, Channa Steindachner [F.] 1866:481, Pl. 6 (fig. 1) [Verhandlungen der K.-K. zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien v. 16; ref. 5030] Ningpo, China. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Bostrychoides asiaticus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Endruweit 2024:43 [ref. 41040]). •Synonym of Channa asiatica (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Courtenay & Williams 2004:53 [ref. 27545], Kottelat 2013:459 [ref. 32989]). •Not treated in Zhang et al. 2016:209 [ref. 34477]. Current status: Synonym of Channa asiatica (Linnaeus 1758). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

fasciatus, Ophicephalus Dabry de Thiersant [P.] 1872:179, Pl. 37 (fig. 2) [La pisciculture et la pêche en Chine; ref. 12507] Chang Jiang [Yangtze River], China. and rivers of Kiang-sou, China. No types known. Current status: Uncertain. Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

flos, Ophiocephalus Tirant [G.] 1885:171 [Excursions et Reconnaissances: Cochinchine française v. 9; ref. 17922] Basse-Cochinchine [? southern Vietnam]. Type catalog: Chevey 1937:251 [ref. 31779]. Original genus should have been Ophicephalus. Appeared in a list of fishes by Pétillot. •Not mentioned by Kottelat 1986 [ref. 11434]. Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Channa micropeltes (Cuvier 1831). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

formosana, Channa Jordan [D. S.] & Evermann [B. W.] 1902:331, Fig. 11 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 25 (no. 1289); ref. 2447] Suao, northeastern Taiwan. Holotype: CAS-SU 107132. Paratypes: ZUMT ?5470 (1, lost), ?21677 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:138-139 [ref. 12291], Ho & Shao 2011:60 [ref. 31432]. •Synonym of Channa asiatica (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Zhang et al. 2002:ca. 140 [ref. 26152], Courtenay & Williams 2004:53 [ref. 27545] based on Wu identification, Ho & Shao 2011:60 [ref. 31432]. Kottelat 2013:459 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Channa asiatica (Linnaeus 1758). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

fuscus, Ophicephalus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1831:414 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 7; ref. 4881] Mysore and Bengal, India. Syntypes: MNHN A-0398 (1), A-0623 (1). Type catalog: Blanc 1963:75 [ref. 19851]. •Synonym of Channa orientalis (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Menon 1999:275 [ref. 24904]). •Synonym of Channa gachua (Hamilton 1822) -- (Ng et al. 1999:57 [ref. 24286], Courtenay & Williams 2004:70 [ref. 27545], Kottelat 2013:459 [ref. 32989], Knight 2016:8589 [ref. 34348], Lalramliana et al. 2018:174 [ref. 36027], Praveenraj et al. 2018:8 [ref. 36419], Praveenraj et al. 2019:67 [ref. 36501], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:250 [ref. 37983], Çiçek et al. 2024:325 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Channa gachua (Hamilton 1822). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

gachua, Ophicephalus Hamilton [F.] 1822:68, 367, Pl. 21 (fig. 21) [An account of the fishes found in the river Ganges; ref. 2031] Ponds and ditches of Bengal. No types known. Hamilton's original illustration reproduced by Britz 2019:Pl. 43 [ref. 37532]. •Synonym of Channa orientalis Bloch & Schneider 1801 -- (Roberts 1989:170 [ref. 6439], Lim et al. 1990:51 [ref. 16753], Talwar & Jhingran 1991:1019 [ref. 20764], Rainboth 1996:220 [ref. 22772], Menon 1999:274 [ref. 24904], Ataur Rahman 2003:84 [ref. 31338]). •Valid as Ophiocephalus gachua Hamilton 1822 -- (Coad 1981:17 [ref. 22348], Feng in Kuang et al. 1986:318 [ref. 26639]). •Valid as Channa gachua (Hamilton 1822) -- (Shrestha 1978:40 [ref. 15970], Zheng 1989:368 [ref. 21202], Vierke 1991:20 [ref. 16625], Pethiyagoda 1991:277 [ref. 20075], Zhong in Pan et al. 1991:514 [ref. 23876], Kottelat et al. 1993:165 [ref. 23448], Lee et al. 1994:61 [ref. 23558], Kottelat & Lim 1996:249 [ref. 23210], Coad 1995:32 [ref. 23608], Zhu 1995:187 [ref. 25213], Coad 1996:7 [ref. 23831], Coad 1996:71 [ref. 25297], Banik & Choudhury 1996:579 [ref. 24736], Vu & Nguyen 1997:27 [ref. 26438], Kottelat 1998:116 [ref. 23436], Musikasinthorn 1998:360 [ref. 23624], Coad 1998:103 [ref. 23869], Ng & Tan 1999:364 [ref. 24159], Ng et al. 1999:57 [ref. 24286], Musikasinthorn 2000:35 [ref. 24480], Freyhof et al. 2000:97 [ref. 25184], Rafique 2000:326 [ref. 25220], Mirza 2000:356 [ref. 25207], Kottelat 2001:63 [ref. 25482], Doi et al. 2001:17 [ref. 25691], Kottelat 2001:162 [ref. 25780], Mirza 2003:22 [ref. 27265], Courtenay & Williams 2004:69 [ref. 27545], Tan & Lim 2004:111 [ref. 27716], Grinang & Lim 2004:293 [ref. 28551], Tan & Ng 2005:133 [ref. 28283], Parenti & Lim 2005:195 [ref. 28285], Vishwanath & Geetakumari 2009:98 [ref. 30105], Esmaeili et al. 2010:378 [ref. 33391], Benziger et al. 2011:2 [ref. 31366], Nguyen et al. 2012:158 [ref. 32085], Gurung et al. 2013:4885 [ref. 32969], Britz 2013:292 [ref. 32966], Kottelat 2015:48 [ref. 33971], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:900 [ref. 34062], Esmaeili et al. 2015:122 [ref. 35030], Knight 2016:8589 [ref. 34348], Zhang et al. 2016:209 [ref. 34477], Lalhlimpuia et al. 2016:349 [ref. 34637], Gurumayum & Tamang 2016:183 [ref. 35232], Esmaeili et al. 2017:94 [ref. 35254], Endruweit 2017:178 [ref. 35627], Esmaeili et al. 2018:76 [ref. 36089], Lalramliana et al. 2018:167 [ref. 36027], Praveenraj et al. 2018:11 [ref. 36419], Praveenraj et al. 2018:150 [ref. 36434], Dey et al. 2019:502 [ref. 36484], Ng et al. 2019:535 [ref. 36606] as aff. gachua, Praveenraj et al. 2019:69 [ref. 36501], Dey et al. 2019:302 [ref. 36760], Rüber et al. 2019:[4] [ref. 36913], Chakraborty et al. 2020:107 [ref. 37332], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:250 [ref. 37983], Susasinghe et al. 2020:164 [ref. 37482], Praveenraj et al. 2020:946 [ref. 38037], Fu et al. 2021:9573 [ref. 39347], Taki et al. 2021:412 [ref. 39830], Hasan et al. 2022:6035 [ref. 39888], Kosygin et al. 2022:673 [ref. 40736], Shangningam & Kosygin 2022:61 [ref. 39587], Tudu et al. 2022:44 [ref. 40484], Çiçek et al. 2023:45 [ref. 40326], Britz et al. 2024:22 [ref. 40761], Çiçek et al. 2024:325 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Channa gachua (Hamilton 1822). Channidae. Distribution: South Asia, Southeast Asia: Afghanistan, Iran, Pakistan, India (West Bengal, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Goalpara, Visakhapatnam), Nepal, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Myanmar. Introduced in Yunnan (China) and Mekong River basin? Habitat: freshwater.

grandinosus, Ophicephalus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1831:434, Pl. 203 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 7; ref. 4881] Mysore, India. Lectotype: MNHN A-1959. Type catalog: Blanc 1963:76 [ref. 19851] as holotype. Lectotype selected by Britz et al. 2017:538 [ref. 35498]. Dussumier's Canton painting pictures Channa asiatica (Linnaeus 1758). •Synonym of Channa marulius (Hamilton 1822) -- (Menon 1999:273 [ref. 24904], Courtenay & Williams 2004:83 [ref. 27545], Britz et al. 2017:538 [ref. 35498] Adamson et al. 2019:407 [ref. 36613]). Current status: Synonym of Channa marulius (Hamilton 1822). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

guntheri, Ophicephalus Sauvage [H.-E.] & Dabry de Thiersant [P.] 1874:4 [Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Paris (Zoologie et Paléontologie) (Sér. 6) v. 1 (art. 5); ref. 15665] Macao, China. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000-5756. Type catalog: Blanc 1963:76 [ref. 19851]. •Synonym of Ophicephalus maculatus (Lacepède 1801) -- (Okada 1961:751 [ref. 6363]). •Synonym of Bostrychoides aspilotus (Sauvage & Dabry de Thiersant 1874) -- (Endruweit 2024:46 [ref. 41040] with author as Dabry de Thiersant). •Synonym of Channa maculata (Lacepède 1801) -- (Courtenay & Williams 2004:77 [ref. 27545], Kottelat 2013:460 [ref. 32989]). •Not treated in Zhang et al. 2016:209 [ref. 34477]. Current status: Synonym of Channa maculata (Lacepède 1801). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

hanamensis, Channa Nguyen [V. H.], Bai [D. D.] & Nguyen [M. T.] 2010:12 [Nganh Sinh Hoc; ref. 33209] Tam Chuc Lake, Ben Sao town, Kim Bang district, Ha Nam Province, Vietnam. Also appeared as new in Nguyen et al. 2013:204 [ref. 39575]. Not available from 2010 publication, no name bearing types. •In the synonymy of Channa hoaluensis Nguyen 2011 -- (Endruweit 2014:156 [ref. 33205]). •In the synonymy of Bostrychoides hoaluensis (Nguyen 2011) -- (Endruweit 2024:46 [ref. 41040]). Current status: Synonym of Channa hoaluensis Nguyen 2011. Channidae.

hanamensis, Channa Nguyen [V. H.], Dang [B. D.] & Tien [N. M.] 2013:204, figs. 1-4 [Tap Chí, Nông Nghiêp & Phát Triên Nông Thôn v. 10; ref. 39575] Tam Chuc Lake, Ben Sao town, Kim Bang district, Ha Nam Province, Vietnam. Holotype: RIAH H.Na.10.02.001. Paratype: (1) RIAH H.Na.10.02.002 First appeared in Nguyen et al. 2010:12 [ref. 33209], not available, no types included. •Synonym of Channa hoaluensis Nguyen 2011 -- (Endruweit 2014:156 [ref. 33205]). •Synonym of Bostrychoides hoaluensis (Nguyen 2011) -- (Endruweit 2024:47 [ref. 41040]). Current status: Synonym of Channa hoaluensis Nguyen 2011. Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

harcourtbutleri, Ophiocephalus Annandale [N.] 1918:54, Pls. 2 (fig. 7), 4 (figs. 16-17) [Records of the Indian Museum (Calcutta) v. 14; ref. 127] Inle Lake, southern Shan State, Myanmar. Holotype: ZSI F 9439/1. Paratypes: ?FAKU P1170 (1), He-Ho. Originally as harcourt-butleri, correction mandatory. See Das 2003:351 [ref. 27706]. •Synonym of Channa orientalis Bloch & Schneider 1801 -- (Talwar & Jhingran 1991:1019 [ref. 20764], Menon 1999:275 [ref. 24904]). •Valid as Channa harcourtbutleri (Annandale 1918) -- (Ng et al. 1999:58 [ref. 24286], Courtenay & Williams 2004:73 [ref. 27545], Kottelat 2013:460 [ref. 32989], Lalhlimpuia et al. 2016:349 [ref. 34637], Kano et al. 2016:9 [ref. 34887], Endruweit 2017:178 [ref. 35627], Lalramliana et al. 2018:167 [ref. 36027], Praveenraj et al. 2018:11 [ref. 36419], Praveenraj et al. 2018:150 [ref. 36434], Praveenraj et al. 2019:69 [ref. 36501], Rüber et al. 2019:[4] [ref. 36913], Praveenraj et al. 2020:946 [ref. 38037], Fuke et al. 2021:[3] [ref. 38221], Laskar et al. 2023:22838 [ref. 40157], Britz et al. 2024:22 [ref. 40761], Endruweit 2024:50 [ref. 41040]). Current status: Valid as Channa harcourtbutleri (Annandale 1918). Channidae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Salween, Black, Ma and Red River basins (southern Shan state, Myanmar, China and Vietnam); Eastern Ghats (India). Habitat: freshwater.

heterolepis, Ophicephalus Sauvage [H.-E.] 1879:205 [Bulletin de la Société philomathique de Paris (7th Série) v. 3; ref. 13259] No locality given. Holotype: MNHN A-0671. Type catalog: Blanc 1963:76 [ref. 19851]. Current status: Uncertain. Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

hoaluensis, Channa Nguyen [V. H.] 2011:Figs. 1a, 1b [Tap Chí Sinh Hoc (Journal of Biology) v. 33 (no. 4); ref. 32049] Truong An commune, Hoa Lu district, Ninh Binh province, Vietnam. Holotype: NB 10.05.001. Paratypes: NB 10.05.002 (1). From abstract. •Synonym of Channa asiatica (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 2013:459 [ref. 32989] with question). •Valid as Bostrychoides hoaluensis (Nguyen 2011) -- (Endruweit 2024:46 [ref. 41040]). •Valid as Channa hoaluensis Nguyen 2011 -- (Britz 2013:292 [ref. 32966], Endruweit 2014:155 [ref. 33205]). Current status: Valid as Channa hoaluensis Nguyen 2011. Channidae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Red River drainage, Ninh Binh province, Vietnam. Habitat: freshwater.

huonghoaensis, Channa striata Nguyen [V. H.], Do [V. T.], Nguyen [T. H. T.] & Nguyen [T. D. P.] 2012:16, Figs. 1g-h [Bulletin of Aquaculture Research Institute I No. 8; ref. 41051] Huong Hoa, Quang Trj, Vietnam. Possible material: RIA1 (4). Types not expressly mentioned, not available, ICZN 73.2.1.1. •In the synonymy of Ophicephalus striatus Bloch 1793 -- (Endruweit 2024:53 [ref. 41040]). •In the synonymy of Channa striata (Bloch 1793). Current status: Synonym of Channa striata (Bloch 1793). Channidae.

indica, Channa Gronow [L. T.] in Gray 1854:100 [Catalogue of fish collected and described by Laurence Theodore Gronow; ref. 1911] East Indies. No types known. Based on Gronow 1763: Pl. 9, Fig. 1 [ref. 1910]. •Objective synonym of Channa orientalis Bloch & Schneider 1801. Current status: Synonym of Channa orientalis Bloch & Schneider 1801. Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

indicus, Ophicephalus McClelland [J.] 1842:583 [Calcutta Journal of Natural History v. 2 (no. 8); ref. 2926] Chenab in Punjab, Loodianah and Cabool [Kabul] River. Syntypes: BMNH 1843.2.25.58 (1, skin), BMNH uncat. (1, stuffed, not found). In the genus Channa a secondary homonym of Channa indica Gronow, 1854. •Synonym of Channa punctatus (Bloch 1793) -- (Menon 1999:276 [ref. 24904]). •Synonym of Channa punctata (Bloch 1793) -- (Courtenay & Williams 2004:109 [ref. 27545]). 2°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Channa punctata (Bloch 1793). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

insignis, Ophiocephalus Sauvage [H.-E.] 1884:195, Pl. 5 (fig. 3) [Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France v. 9 (no. 3/4); ref. 14402] Franceville, 1°40'S, 13°31'E, upper Ogooué River, Gabon. Syntypes: MNHN 1884-0301 to 0305 (1, 1, 1, 1, 1) Type catalog: Blanc 1963:76 [ref. 19851]. •Valid as Parachanna insignis (Sauvage 1884) -- (Bonou & Teugels 1985:269 [ref. 26743], Teugels et al. 1986:288 [ref. 6202], Musikasinthorn & Taki 2001:320 [ref. 25558], Courtenay & Williams 2004:123 [ref. 27545], Teugels 2007:241 [ref. 30042], Rüber et al. 2019:[5] [ref. 36913], Munene et al. 2021:25 [ref. 39283], Stiassny et al. 2021:1688 [ref. 39000], Fermon et al. 2022:229 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Parachanna insignis (Sauvage 1884). Channidae. Distribution: Western-central Africa: Gabon and Democratic Republic of Congo. Habitat: freshwater.

iris, Ophicephalus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1831:439 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 7; ref. 4881] Canton, China. No types known. •Synonym of Bostrychoides asiaticus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Endruweit 2024:43 [ref. 41040]). •Synonym of Channa asiatica (Linnaeus 1858) -- (Kottelat 2013:459 [ref. 33858] with question). •Not treated in Zhang et al. 2016:209 [ref. 34477]. Current status: Uncertain as Channa asiatica (Linnaeus 1758). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

jovis, Ophicephalus Richardson [J.] 1846:252 [Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 15th meeting [1845]; ref. 3742] Canton, China. No types known. Based solely on illustration by Reeves (see Whitehead 1970:211, Pl. 2a [ref. 11606]). •Synonym of Bostrychoides asiaticus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Endruweit 2024:46 [ref. 41040]). •Synonym of Channa maculata (Lacepède 1801) -- (Kottelat 2013:460 [ref. 32989] with question). •Not treated in Zhang et al. 2016:209 [ref. 34477]. •Synonym of Channa asiatica (Linnaeus 1758). Current status: Synonym of Channa asiatica (Linnaeus 1758). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

kachina, Channa Endruweit [M.] 2024:196, Figs. 291-293 [Fishes of the Red River - Perciformes, Synbranchiformes; ref. 41040] Erganyahe River, Jieyanghe River, Irrawaddy, Tongbiguan town, Yingjiang County, Dehong Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China, elevation about 1200 meters. Holotype: KIZ 2023001299. Paratypes: ANSP, KIZ. •Valid as Channa kachina Endruweit 2024. Current status: Valid as Channa kachina Endruweit 2024. Channidae. Distribution: East Asia: upper Irrawaddy River basin, Yunnan Province, China. Habitat: freshwater.

karruwey, Ophicephalus Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1801:551, 552 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 3; ref. 2710] Unneeded new name for and objective synonym of Ophicephalus punctatus Bloch 1793. •Synonym of Channa punctatus (Bloch 1793) -- (Menon 1999:276 [ref. 24904] as karrouveri). •Synonym of Channa punctata (Bloch 1793) -- (Courtenay & Williams 2004:109 [ref. 27545]). Current status: Synonym of Channa punctata (Bloch 1793). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

kelaartii, Ophiocephalus Günther [A.] 1861:472 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 3; ref. 1964] Sri Lanka. Syntypes: (at least 12) BMNH 1852.2.19.106 (1), 1858.10.19.108. •Synonym of Channa orientalis Bloch & Schneider 1801 -- (Talwar & Jhingran 1991:1019 [ref. 20764], Menon 1999:275 [ref. 24904]). •Synonym of Channa gachua (Hamilton 1822) -- (Pethiyagoda 1991:277 [ref. 20075] as kelaarti, Ng et al. 1999:57 [ref. 24286] as kelaarti, Courtenay & Williams 2004:70 [ref. 27545], Kottelat 2013:460 [ref. 32989], Knight 2016:8589 [ref. 34348], Lalramliana et al. 2018:174 [ref. 36027]). •Valid as Channa kelaartii (Günther 1861) -- (Conte-Grand et al. 2017:17 [ref. 35598], Rüber et al. 2019:[4] [ref. 36913], Perera et al. 2020:415 [ref. 37771], Susasinghe et al. 2020:160 [ref. 37482]). Current status: Valid as Channa kelaartii (Günther 1861). Channidae. Distribution: South Asia: Sri Lanka and southern Peninsular India. Habitat: freshwater.

kimbangensis, Channa striata Nguyen [V. H.], Do [V. T.], Nguyen [T. H. T.] & Nguyen [T. D. P.] 2012:15, Figs. 1c-d [Bulletin of Aquaculture Research Institute I No. 8; ref. 41051] Tam Chuc reservoir, Kim Bàng district, Hà Nam province, Vietnam. Possible material: RIA1 (5). Types not expressly mentioned, not available, ICZN 73.2.1.1. •In the synonymy of Ophicephalus striatus Bloch 1793 -- (Endruweit 2024:53 [ref. 41040]). •In the synonymy of Channa striata (Bloch 1793). Current status: Synonym of Channa striata (Bloch 1793). Channidae.

kimurai, Channa argus Shih [H.-J.] 1936:81, Fig. 5 [Bulletin of the Fan Memorial Institute of Biology, Peiping (Zoology Series) v. 7 (no. 2); ref. 20706] Tientsin and Szechuan, China. Syntypes: Zool. Mus. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. 884 (1) Szechuan, 1015 (1) Tiensin. •Synonym of Channa argus (Cantor 1842) -- (Courtenay & Williams 2004:45 [ref. 27545], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:239 [ref. 28183], Bogutskaya et al. 2008:354 [ref. 30085]). •Not treated in Zhang et al. 2016:209 [ref. 34477]. Current status: Synonym of Channa argus (Cantor 1842). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

lata, Ophiocephalus Hamilton [F.] 1822:63, 367, Pl. 34 (fig. 18) [An account of the fishes found in the river Ganges; ref. 2031] Ponds of India. No types known. Hamilton's original illustration reproduced by Britz 2019:Pl. 40 [ref. 37532]. •Synonym of Channa punctatus (Bloch 1793) -- (Menon 1999:276 [ref. 24904]). •Synonym of Channa punctata (Bloch 1793) -- (Courtenay & Williams 2004:109 [ref. 27545]). Current status: Synonym of Channa punctata (Bloch 1793). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

leucopunctatus, Ophicephalus Sykes [W. H.] 1839:158 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1838 (pt 6) (for 27 Nov. 1838); ref. 18720] Deccan, India. No types known. Appeared first as above, then in Sykes 1839:55 [ref. 4306]; more complete treatment in Sykes 1841:352, Pl. 60 (fig. 3) [ref. 18868]. •Synonym of Channa marulius (Hamilton 1822) -- (Menon 1999:273 [ref. 24904], Courtenay & Williams 2004:83 [ref. 27545], Kottelat 2013:461 [ref. 32989], Britz et al. 2017:541 [ref. 35498]). Current status: Synonym of Channa marulius (Hamilton 1822). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

limbatus, Ophicephalus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1831:no p., Pl. 201 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 7; ref. 4881] Western Java, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): MNHN A-0396. Type information: Roberts 1993:40 [ref. 21799], Kottelat 2000:95-96 [ref. 25864] Name available from plate. Table of contents and "avis au relieur" indicate Ophicephalus marginatus as intended name for plate: corresponding to description on p. 411. •Synonym of Channa orientalis (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Menon 1999:275 [ref. 24904]). •Synonym of Channa gachua (Hamilton 1822) -- (Roberts 1993:40 [ref. 21799], Ng et al. 1999:57 [ref. 24286], Courtenay & Williams 2004:69 [ref. 27545], Kottelat 2013:460 [ref. 32989], Nguyen et al. 2015:53 [ref. 36456]). •Valid as Channa limbata (Cuvier 1831) -- (Conte-Grand et al. 2017:17 [ref. 35598], Lalramliana et al. 2018:174 [ref. 36027], Praveenraj et al. 2018:10 [ref. 36419], Rüber et al. 2019:[4] [ref. 36913], Britz et al. 2019:594 [ref. 37016], Jamaluddin et al. 2022:[6] [ref. 39245] cf. limbata, Ahmad et al. 2023:131 [ref. 41243], Chan et al. 2023:142 [ref. 40365], Britz et al. 2024:22 [ref. 40761], Chungthanawong et al. 2025:71 [ref. 41920]). Current status: Valid as Channa limbata (Cuvier 1831). Channidae. Distribution: East Asia, Southeast Asia: Myanmar, Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand to Vietnam and China. Introduced in Hong Kong (China). Habitat: freshwater.

lipor, Channa Praveenraj [J.], Uma [A.], Moulitharan [N.] & Singh [S. G.] 2019:62, Figs. 1, 2, 3A-C, 4-5 [Copeia v. 107 (no. 1); ref. 36501] Umraling River, Umraling village, Ri-Bhoi district, Meghalaya, India, 25°42'22.11"N, 92°07'53.02"E. Holotype: ZSI FF 7660. Paratypes: CIARI, JPC, ZSI. •Valid as Channa lipor Praveenraj, Uma, Moulitharan & Singh 2019 -- (Rüber et al. 2019:[4] [ref. 36913], Praveenraj et al. 2020:946 [ref. 38037], Britz et al. 2024:22 [ref. 40761]). Current status: Valid as Channa lipor Praveenraj, Uma, Moulitharan & Singh 2019. Channidae. Distribution: South Asia: Umraling River drainage, Meghalaya, India. Habitat: freshwater.

longistomata, Channa Nguyen [V. H.], Nguyen [T. D. P.] & Nguyen [T. H. T.] 2011:12, Fig. 1 (e & f). [Newsletter Research Institute for Aquaculture No. 1, issue 4; ref. 33001] •Not available, no designation of a holotype; in the synonymy of Channa gachua (Hamilton 1822) -- (Kottelat 2013:460 [ref. 32989]). •In the synonymy of Channa longistomata Nguyen, Nguyen & Nguyen 2012. Current status: Synonym of Channa longistomata Nguyen, Nguyen & Nguyen 2012. Channidae.

longistomata, Channa Nguyen [V. H.], Nguyen [T. H. T.] & Nguyen [T. D. P.] 2012:159 [English 165], Figs. 1-2 [Tap Chí Sinh Hoc (Journal of Biology) v. 34 (no. 2); ref. 32085] Tam Chuc Lake, Ba Sao town, Kim Bang district, Ha Nam Province, Vietnam. Holotype: RIA 1 1027 [ex RIA1 H. NA 011.04.001]. Paratypes: RIA1 H. NA 011.04.002 (1), 65.11.011 (1), 65.11.012 (1), 65.11.013 (1), 65.11.014 (1). Appeared first in 2011. but without designation of a holotype, unavailable. •Synonym of Chana gachua (Hamilton 1822) -- (Kottelat 2013:460 [ref. 32989]). •Synonym of Channa limbata (Cuvier 1831). •Valid as Channa longistomata Nguyen, Nguyen & Nguyen 2012 -- (Endruweit 2024:49 [ref. 41040]). Current status: Valid as Channa longistomata Nguyen, Nguyen & Nguyen 2012. Channidae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Red River basin and lakes near mountains of Ha Nam and Ninh Binh, Vietnam. Habitat: freshwater.

lucius, Ophicephalus Cuvier [G.] (ex Kuhl & van Hasselt) in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1831:416 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 7; ref. 4881] Java, Indonesia; sea of Indies. Syntypes: RMNH 1138 (1), 1120 (1); MNHN. Type information: Roberts 1993:40 [ref. 21799]. •Valid as Channa lucius (Cuvier 1831) -- (Roberts 1989:168 [ref. 6439], Lim et al. 1990:51 [ref. 16753], Vierke 1991:20 [ref. 16625] as lucia, Ng & Lim 1991:128 [ref. 18920], Roberts 1993:40 [ref. 21799], Kottelat et al. 1993:165 [ref. 23448], Lee et al. 1994:61 [ref. 23558], Kottelat & Lim 1996:249 [ref. 23210], Rainboth 1996:219 [ref. 22772], Ng & Tan 1999:364 [ref. 24159], Musikasinthorn 2000:32 [ref. 24480], Doi et al. 2001:17 [ref. 25691], Kottelat 2001:162 [ref. 25780], Courtenay & Williams 2004:75 [ref. 27545], Tan & Lim 2004:111 [ref. 27716], Grinang & Lim 2004:293 [ref. 28551], Tan & Ng 2005:133 [ref. 28283], Kottelat & Widjanarti 2005:167 [ref. 28284], Parenti & Lim 2005:195 [ref. 28285], Benziger et al. 2011:4 [ref. 31366], Kottelat 2013:460 [ref. 32989], Yoshida et al. 2013:207 [ref. 34464], Miesen et al. 2016:96 [ref. 34492], Zhang et al. 2016:209 [ref. 34477], Sulaiman et al. 2018:38 [ref. 35802], Ng et al. 2019:535 [ref. 36606], Rüber et al. 2019:[4] [ref. 36913], Fu et al. 2021:9573 [ref. 39347], Taki et al. 2021:414 [ref. 39830], Ahmad et al. 2023:131 [ref. 41243]). Current status: Valid as Channa lucius (Cuvier 1831). Channidae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Sundaland to Laos and Vietnam. Introduced in Sulawesi (Indonesia). Habitat: freshwater.

maculatus, Bostrychus Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1801:140, 143 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 3; ref. 2710] No locality stated [probably People's Republic of China: probably Canton/Guangzhou]. No types preserved. Probably based on a Chinese drawing received via The Netherlands, like the following species. Also appeared in Sonnini 1803:159, 163 (vol. 8) [ref. 30473]. Could be based on an eleotrid goby, Endruweit 2024:46, 72 [ref. 41040]. •Valid as Ophicephalus maculatus (Lacepède 1801) -- (Okada 1961:751 [ref. 6363]). •Valid as Ophiocephalus maculatus (Lacepède 1801) -- (Feng in Kuang et al. 1986:317 [ref. 26639] dated 1802). •Not in Channidae -- (Endruweit 2024:72 [ref. 41040]). •Valid as Channa maculata (Lacepède 1801) -- (Uyeno & Arai in Masuda et al. 1984:122 [ref. 6441], Kawanabe & Mizuno 1989:474 [ref. 25598], Zheng 1989:3670 [ref. 21202], Vierke 1991:20 [ref. 16625], Zhong in Pan et al. 1991:513 [ref. 23876], Zhu 1995:187 [ref. 25213], Musikasinthorn 2000:32 [ref. 24480], Nakabo 2000:1353 [ref. 25182], Kottelat 2001:63 [ref. 25482], Sakai et al. 2001:122 [ref. 25693], Nakabo 2002:1353 [ref. 26193], Courtenay et al. 2004:4 [ref. 27561], Courtenay & Williams 2004:77 [ref. 27545], Mundy 2005:515 [ref. 28379], Ho & Shao 2011:60 [ref. 31432], Kottelat 2013:460 [ref. 32989], Zhang et al. 2016:209 [ref. 34477], Fricke et al. 2018:367 [ref. 35805], Rüber et al. 2019:[4] [ref. 36913], Jamandre 2023:159 [ref. 40455]). Current status: Valid as Channa maculata (Lacepède 1801). Channidae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: southern China and northern Vietnam; introduced elsewhere. Habitat: freshwater.

malaccensis, Ophiocephalus guachua var. Peters [W. (C. H.)] 1868:262 [Monatsberichte der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1868; ref. 3442] Songei Kranjei, north of Singapore. Syntypes: ZMB 5152 (2). Type catalog: Paepke 1993:257 [ref. 21846]. •Synonym of Channa orientalis (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Menon 1999:275 [ref. 24904]). •Synonym of Channa gachua (Hamilton 1822) -- (Ng et al. 1999:57 [ref. 24286], Courtenay & Williams 2004:70 [ref. 27545], Kottelat 2013:460 [ref. 32989], Kottelat 2013:460 [ref. 32989]). •Synonym of Channa limbata (Cuvier 1831) -- (Praveenraj et al. 2018:11 [ref. 36419]). Current status: Synonym of Channa limbata (Cuvier 1831). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

marginatus, Ophicephalus Cuvier [G.] 1829:230 [Le Règne Animal (Edition 2) v. 2; ref. 995] Vizagapattam, India. No types known. Non-types: MNHN 0000-2247 (4) Java, 0000-2248 (1) Indian seas, A-0395 (1) Coromandel, A-0396 (1) Java. Type catalog: Blanc 1963:76-77 [ref. 19851]. Type information: Roberts 1993:38 [ref. 21799], Kottelat 2000:95 [ref. 25864]. Available from footnote, as "O. marginatus, N., ou O. gachua, Buch. ? pl. xxi, f. 21, ou Cora motta, Russel, II, pl. 164." See also Cuvier & Valenciennes 1831:411 [ref. 4881]. •Synonym of Channa orientalis (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Menon 1999:275 [ref. 24904]). •Synonym of Channa gachua (Hamilton 1822) -- (Roberts 1993:40 [ref. 21799], Ng et al. 1999:57 [ref. 24286], Courtenay & Williams 2004:69 [ref. 27545], Kottelat 2013:459 [ref. 32989], Knight 2016:8589 [ref. 34348], Lalramliana et al. 2018:174 [ref. 36027], Praveenraj et al. 2018:8 [ref. 36419], Praveenraj et al. 2019:66 [ref. 36501], Britz et al. 2019:598 [ref. 37016], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:250 [ref. 37983], Çiçek et al. 2024:325 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Channa gachua (Hamilton 1822). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

marmoratus, Ophiocephalus Brind [W. L.] 1914:11, fig'd. [Domesticated fish; ref. 21099] Singapore; Malacca, Malay Peninsula, Malaysia. Not preserved. •Synonym of Channa maculata (Lacepède 1801) -- (Courtenay & Williams 2004:77 [ref. 27545]). •Synonym of Channa lucius (Cuvier 1831) -- (Kottelat 2013:460 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Channa lucius (Cuvier 1831). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

marulioides, Ophicephalus Bleeker [P.] 1851:424 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 2 (no. 3); ref. 16897] Sambas, western Borneo, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. Original as marulioïdes. •Valid as Channa marulioides (Bleeker 1851) -- (Roberts 1989:170 [ref. 6439], Vierke 1991:20 [ref. 16625], Kottelat et al. 1993:165 [ref. 23448], Lee et al. 1994:61 [ref. 23558], Rema Devi et al. 1996:140 [ref. 24021], Musikasinthorn 2000:32 [ref. 24480], Courtenay & Williams 2004:81 [ref. 27545], Tan & Ng 2005:134 [ref. 28283], Kottelat & Widjanarti 2005:167 [ref. 28284], Kottelat 2013:461 [ref. 32989], Adamson & Britz 2018:549 [ref. 36282], Ng et al. 2019:536 [ref. 36606], Rüber et al. 2019:[4] [ref. 36913], Ahmad et al. 2023:132 [ref. 41243]). Current status: Valid as Channa marulioides (Bleeker 1851). Channidae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Malaya (Malaysia), Sumatra, Bangka and western Kalimantan (Indonesia). IUCN (2020): Least Concern. Habitat: freshwater.

marulius, Ophicephalus Hamilton [F.] 1822:65, 367, Pl. 17 (fig. 19) [An account of the fishes found in the river Ganges; ref. 2031] India. No types known. Hamilton's original illustration reproduced by Britz 2019:Pl. 41 [ref. 37532]. •Valid as Ophicephalus marulius Hamilton 1822 -- (Vu & Nguyen 1997:27 [ref. 26438]). •Valid as Channa marulius (Hamilton 1822) -- (Shrestha 1978:40 [ref. 15970], Ataur Rahman 1989:66 [ref. 24860], Pethiyagoda 1991:279 [ref. 20075], Vierke 1991:20 [ref. 16625] as marulia, Talwar & Jhingran 1991:1017 [ref. 20764], Dhanze & Sen 1993:47 [ref. 24018], Sen 1995:593 [ref. 23778], Rainboth 1996:219 [ref. 22772], Zacharias et al. 1996:41 [ref. 25526], Banik & Choudhury 1996:579 [ref. 24736], Musikasinthorn 1998:360 [ref. 23624], Manimekalan 1998:441 [ref. 24989], Musikasinthorn 2000:35 [ref. 24480], Rema Devi & Raghunathan 1999:159 [ref. 24759], Menon 1999:273 [ref. 24904], Rafique 2000:326 [ref. 25220] as marulia, Raju Thomas et al. 2000:444 [ref. 25319], Karmakar 2000:35 [ref. 25662], Arunachalam et al. 2001:129 [ref. 25692], Kottelat 2001:162 [ref. 25780] as aff. marulius, Raju Thomas et al. 2002:51 [ref. 26359], Rafique et al. 2003:98 [ref. 27173], Mirza 2003:22 [ref. 27265] as marulia, Ataur Rahman 2003:81 [ref. 31338], Courtenay & Williams 2004:83 [ref. 27545], Yadav 2003:25 [ref. 27711] as maruliues, Nelson et al. 2004:178 [ref. 27807], Shrestha 2008:232 [ref. 29923], Vishwanath & Geetakumari 2009:101 [ref. 30105], Scharpf 2009:15 [ref. 30400], Page & Burr 2011:616 [ref. 31215], Benziger et al. 2011:2 [ref. 31366], Page et al. 2013:184 [ref. 32708], Kottelat 2013:461 [ref. 32989], Kottelat 2015:48 [ref. 33971] as aff. marulius, Lalhlimpuia et al. 2016:349 [ref. 34637], Gurumayum & Tamang 2016:183 [ref. 35232], Lalramliana et al. 2018:167 [ref. 36027], Robins et al. 2018:420 [ref. 35886], Adamson & Britz 2018:549 [ref. 36282], Dey et al. 2019:502 [ref. 36484], Suresh et al. 2018:311 [ref. 36495], Adamson et al. 2019:406 [ref. 36613], Dey et al. 2019:302 [ref. 36760], Rüber et al. 2019:[4] [ref. 36913], Perera et al. 2020:414 [ref. 37771], Sudasinghe et al. 2020:116 [ref. 37353], Vishwanath 2021:376 [ref. 41793], Tudu et al. 2022:44 [ref. 40484]). Current status: Valid as Channa marulius (Hamilton 1822). Channidae. Distribution: South Asia: Pakistan, India and northern Sri Lanka, to western Myanmar. Introduced elsewhere. Habitat: freshwater.

melanopterus, Ophicephalus Bleeker [P.] 1855:420 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 9 (no. 3); ref. 16849] Kapuas River, Pontianak, Borneo, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): RMNH 6416. •Valid as Channa melanoptera (Bleeker 1855) -- (Roberts 1989:170 [ref. 6439], Vierke 1991:20 [ref. 16625], Kottelat et al. 1993:166 [ref. 23448], Musikasinthorn 2000:32 [ref. 24480], Courtenay & Williams 2004:89 [ref. 27545], Kottelat 2013:461 [ref. 32989], Rüber et al. 2019:[4] [ref. 36913]). Current status: Valid as Channa melanoptera (Bleeker 1855). Channidae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Indonesia. Habitat: freshwater.

melanostigma, Channa Geetakumari [K.] & Vishwanath [W.] 2011:231, Fig. 1-2a [Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society v. 107 (no. 3) [2010]; ref. 31586] Lohit River, Brahmaputra River drainage, Tezu, 27°54'41"N, 96°10'23"E, Lohit District, Arunachal Pradesh, India. Holotype: MUMF-Per 39. Paratypes: MUMF-Per 40-46 (7). •Valid as Channa melanostigma Geetakumari & Vishwanath 2011 -- (Knight 2016:8589 [ref. 34348], Gurumayum & Tamang 2016:183 [ref. 35232], Lalramliana et al. 2018:167 [ref. 36027], Praveenraj et al. 2018:12 [ref. 36419], Praveenraj et al. 2018:150 [ref. 36434], Rüber et al. 2019:[4] [ref. 36913], Praveenraj et al. 2020:946 [ref. 38037]). Current status: Valid as Channa melanostigma Geetakumari & Vishwanath 2011. Channidae. Distribution: South Asia: Brahmaputra River drainage, northern India. Habitat: freshwater.

melasoma, Ophicephalus Bleeker [P.] 1851:424 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 2 (no. 3); ref. 16897] Sambas, western Borneo, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. As Ophicephalus melanosoma in Bleeker 1856:214 [ref. 354]; and misspelled melanosoma by other early authors. •Valid as Channa melasoma (Bleeker 1851) -- (Roberts 1989:170 [ref. 6439], Vierke 1991:20 [ref. 16625], Kottelat et al. 1993:166 [ref. 23448], Lee et al. 1994:61 [ref. 23558], Kottelat & Lim 1996:249 [ref. 23210], Rainboth 1996:219 [ref. 22772], Musikasinthorn 2000:32 [ref. 24480], Kottelat 2001:63 [ref. 25482], Courtenay & Williams 2004:91 [ref. 27545], Grinang & Lim 2004:293 [ref. 28551], Tan & Ng 2005:134 [ref. 28283], Kottelat 2013:461 [ref. 32989], Ng et al. 2019:536 [ref. 36606], Rüber et al. 2019:[4] [ref. 36913], Ahmad et al. 2023:133 [ref. 41243], Jamandre 2023:159 [ref. 40455]). Current status: Valid as Channa melasoma (Bleeker 1851). Channidae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Malaya (Malaysia), Indonesia; introduced elsewhere. Habitat: freshwater.

micropeltes, Ophicephalus Cuvier [G.] (ex Kuhl & van Hasselt) in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1831:427 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 7; ref. 4881] Java, Indonesia. Syntypes: RMNH D2318 (1, dry). Possible syntypes: RMNH D1131 (1, dry), D1132 (1, dry). Type information: Roberts 1993:41 [ref. 21799]. •Valid as Ophicephalus micropeltes Cuvier 1831 -- (Endruweit 2024:53 [ref. 41040]). •Valid as Channa micropeltes (Cuvier 1831) -- (Roberts 1989:170 [ref. 6439], Vierke 1991:20 [ref. 16625], Lim et al. 1990:51 [ref. 16753], Talwar & Jhingran 1991:1018 [ref. 20764], Kottelat et al. 1993:166 [ref. 23448], Roberts 1993:41 [ref. 21799], Lee et al. 1994:61 [ref. 23558], Rainboth 1996:220 [ref. 22772], Kottelat 1998:116 [ref. 23436], Ng & Tan 1999:364 [ref. 24159], Fuller et al. 1999:477 [ref. 25838], Musikasinthorn 2000:32 [ref. 24480], Freyhof et al. 2000:97 [ref. 25184], Musikasinthorn & Taki 2001:320 [ref. 25558], Kottelat 2001:162 [ref. 25780], Courtenay & Williams 2004:93 [ref. 27545], Tan & Ng 2005:134 [ref. 28283], Kottelat & Widjanarti 2005:167 [ref. 28284], Benziger et al. 2011:4 [ref. 31366], Benziger et al. 2011:4 [ref. 31366], Kottelat 2013:461 [ref. 32989], Kottelat 2015:48 [ref. 33971], Ng et al. 2019:536 [ref. 36606], Rüber et al. 2019:[4] [ref. 36913], Taki et al. 2021:414 [ref. 39830], Ahmad et al. 2023:133 [ref. 41243], Chan et al. 2023:142 [ref. 40365], Jamandre 2023:159 [ref. 40455], Mousavi-Sabet et al. 2023:35 [ref. 40667], Çiçek et al. 2024:325 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Channa micropeltes (Cuvier 1831). Channidae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Sundaland to Laos and Vietnam. Introduced in Iran, Hong Kong (China) and Philippines. Habitat: freshwater.

miliaris, Ophicephalus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1831:439 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 7; ref. 4881] Canton, China. No types known. •Questionably a synonym of Channa asiatica (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Courtenay & Williams 2004:53 [ref. 27545], Kottelat 2013:459 [ref. 32989]). •Not treated in Zhang et al. 2016:209 [ref. 34477]. •Synonym of Ophicephalus striatus Bloch 1793 -- (Endruweit 2024:53 [ref. 41040]). •Synonym of Channa striata (Bloch 1793). Current status: Uncertain as Channa striata (Bloch 1793). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

montanus, Ophicephalus McClelland [J.] 1842:583 [Calcutta Journal of Natural History v. 2 (no. 8); ref. 2926] Baisoot, Jullalabad, Himalaya and Sadoa, Afghanistan. Syntypes: (2) BMNH 1843.2.25.59 (1, stuffed) Afghanistan. Authorship from p. 573. •Synonym of Channa orientalis Bloch & Schneider 1801 -- (Menon 1999:275 [ref. 24904]). •Synonym of Channa gachua (Hamilton 1822) -- (Ng et al. 1999:57 [ref. 24286], Courtenay & Williams 2004:70 [ref. 27545], Kottelat 2013:460 [ref. 32989], Knight 2016:8589 [ref. 34348], Lalramliana et al. 2018:174 [ref. 36027], Praveenraj et al. 2018:11 [ref. 36419], Praveenraj et al. 2019:67 [ref. 36501], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:250 [ref. 37983], Çiçek et al. 2024:325 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Channa gachua (Hamilton 1822). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

mystax, Ophicephalus Bleeker [P.] 1853:188 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 5 (no. 1); ref. 16902] Marawang, Toboali, Bangka, Indonesia. Syntypes: (4). Bleeker specimens: NMV 45840 (1). •Synonym of Channa melasoma (Bleeker 1851) -- (Roberts 1989:170 [ref. 6439], Courtenay & Williams 2004:91 [ref. 27545], Kottelat 2013:461 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Channa melasoma (Bleeker 1851). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

niger, Ophicephalus Dabry de Thiersant [P.] 1872:179, Pl. 37 (fig. 1) [La pisciculture et la pêche en Chine; ref. 12507] Rivers of China. No types known. Current status: Uncertain. Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

nigricans, Ophicephalus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1831:431 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 7; ref. 4881] No locality [Calcutta, India]. Holotype: MNHN A-0628. Type catalog: Blanc 1963:77 [ref. 19851]. •Synonym of Channa barca (Hamilton 1822) -- (Menon 1999:273 [ref. 24904], Courtenay & Williams 2004:61 [ref. 27545], Knight 2016:8589 [ref. 34348]). Current status: Synonym of Channa barca (Hamilton 1822). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

ninhbinhensis, Channa Nguyen [V. H.] 2011:Figs. 3a, 3b [Tap Chí Sinh Hoc (Journal of Biology) v. 33 (no. 4); ref. 32049] Ninh Hai commune, Gia Vien district, Ninh Binh province, Vietnam. Holotype: NB 10.05.011. Paratypes: NB 10.05.012 (1), 10.5.013 (1). From abstract. •Synonym of Channa asistica (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 2013:459 [ref. 32989] with question). •Valid as Channa ninhbinhensis Nguyen 2011 -- (Britz 2013:292 [ref. 32966], Endruweit 2014:155 [ref. 33206]). •Synonym of Bostrychoides hoaluensis (Nguyen 2011) -- (Endruweit 2024:47 [ref. 41040]). •Synonym of Channa hoaluensis Nguyen 2011. Current status: Synonym of Channa hoaluensis Nguyen 2011. Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

nox, Channa Zhang [C.-G.], Musikasinthorn [P.] & Watanabe [K.] 2002:140, Figs. 1-4 [Ichthyological Research v. 49 (no. 2); ref. 26152] Market at Hepu, Nanliujiang River basin, near Beihai City, Guangxi, China, 21°42'N,106°48'E. Holotype: ASIZB [now NSMC] 70028. Paratypes: Paratypes: ASIZB 69848 (1), 69849 (1, dissected), 70029 (1), 70030 (1); not in Ye et al. 2015: 70039 (1, dissected), 70042 (1). Type catalog: Ye et al. 2015:105 [ref. 33808], •Valid as Bostrychoides nox (Zhang, Musikasinthorn & Watanabe 2002) -- (Endruweit 2024:44 [ref. 41040]). •Valid as Channa nox Zhang, Musikasinthorn & Watanabe 2002 -- (Courtenay & Williams 2004:99 [ref. 27545], Kottelat 2013:461 [ref. 32989], Ye et al. 2015:105 [ref. 33808], Zhang et al. 2016:209 [ref. 34477], Rüber et al. 2019:[4] [ref. 36913]). Current status: Valid as Channa nox Zhang, Musikasinthorn & Watanabe 2002. Channidae. Distribution: East Asia: Nanliujiang River basin, Guangxi, China. Habitat: freshwater.

obscurus, Ophiocephalus Günther [A.] 1861:476 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 3; ref. 1964] West Africa. Syntypes: BMNH 1849.12.25.2-3 (2). •Valid as Parachanna obscura (Günther 1861) -- (Bonou & Teugels 1985:273 [ref. 26743], Teugels et al. 1986:289 [ref. 6202], Lévêque et al. 1989:121 [ref. 26480], Paugy & Bénech 1989:303 [ref. 26478], Paugy et al. 1990:342 [ref. 26477], Lévèque et al. 1991:145 [ref. 31367], Teugels in Lévêque et al. 1992:656 [ref. 21590], Dankwa et al. 1999:44 [ref. 28023], Musikasinthorn & Taki 2001:320 [ref. 25558], Courtenay & Williams 2004:125 [ref. 27545], Teugels 2007:245 [ref. 30042], Benziger et al. 2011:7 [ref. 31366], Neumann et al. 2016:307 [ref. 35036], Skelton 2019:229 [ref. 36564], Rüber et al. 2019:[6] [ref. 36913], Munene et al. 2021:25 [ref. 39283], Stiassny et al. 2021:1688 [ref. 39000], Fermon et al. 2022:229 [ref. 39448], Walsh et al. 2022:[5] [ref. 39281], Seemani et al. 2024:1 [ref. 41522]). Current status: Valid as Parachanna obscura (Günther 1861). Channidae. Distribution: Widepread in western and central Africa. Introduced in Zambia. Habitat: freshwater.

ocellata, Channa Peters [W. (C. H.)] 1864:392 [Monatsberichte der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1864; ref. 3437] No locality [Asia]. Holotype (unique): ZMB 5411. Type catalog: Paepke 1993:255 [ref. 21846]. •Synonym of Bostrychoides asiaticus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Endruweit 2024:43 [ref. 41040]). •Synonym of Channa asiatica (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Zheng 1989:369 [ref. 21202], Courtenay & Williams 2004:53 [ref. 27545], Kottelat 2013:459 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Channa asiatica (Linnaeus 1758). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

ocellatus, Ophicephalus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1831:434 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 7; ref. 4881] Current status: Uncertain. Channidae.

oculatus, Bostrychoides Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1801:144, 145 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 3; ref. 2710] Dazhanghe River, Xunjiang River, Pearl River basin, Bentun, Jinxiu City, Laibin Prefecture, Guangxi Province, China, about 24°06'N, 110°11'E [no locality, probably China: Canton/Guangzhou]. Neotype: KIZ 2005004012. Based on a Chinese drawing received via The Netherlands. Figured on Pl. 14 (fig. 3) of Lacepède 1800 [ref. 2709], but with vernacular name. Also appeared in Sonnini 1803:164, 165 (vol. 8) [ref. 30473]. See Bauchot et al. 1991:52 [ref. 19958] who suggest that oculatus is probably a senior synonym of a species of Channa. Neotype designated by Endruweit 2024:43 [ref. 41040]. •Synonym of Bostrychoides asiaticus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Endruweit 2024:43 [ref. 41040]). •Synonym of Channa asiatica (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 2013:459 [ref. 32989] with question). •Not treated in Zhang et al. 2016:209 [ref. 34477]. Current status: Uncertain as Channa asiatica (Linnaeus 1758). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

orientalis, Channa Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.] 1801:496, Pl. 90 (lower fig.) [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] Probably southwestern Sri Lanka [East Indies]. No types known. Type catalog: Paepke 1993:255 [ref. 21846]. Based on Gronow 1763: Pl. 9, Fig. 1 [ref. 1910]. •Valid as Channa orientalis Bloch & Schneider 1801 -- (Roberts 1989:170 [ref. 6439], Ataur Rahman 1989:69 [ref. 24860], Vierke 1991:22 [ref. 16625], Pethiyagoda 1991:281 [ref. 20075], Talwar & Jhingran 1991:1019 [ref. 20764], Indra 1991:241 [ref. 24005], Indra 1993:188 [ref. 24009], Rema Devi 1993:358 [ref. 24007], Rema Devi 1993:208 [ref. 24010], Singh & Yazdani 1993:200 [ref. 24022], Rema Devi & Ilango 1993:248 [ref. 24017], Indra 1994:420 [ref. 24015], Sen 1995:594 [ref. 23778], Rainboth 1996:220 [ref. 22772], Rema Devi et al. 1996:140 [ref. 24021], Zacharias et al. 1996:41 [ref. 25526], Kottelat 1998:116 [ref. 23436], Manimekalan 1998:441 [ref. 24989], Ng et al. 1999:57 [ref. 24286], Rema Devi & Raghunathan 1999:159 [ref. 24759], Sen 1999:203 [ref. 24750], Musikasinthorn 2000:32 [ref. 24480], Menon 1999:274 [ref. 24904], Raju Thomas et al. 2000:444 [ref. 25319], Karmakar 2000:35 [ref. 25662], Zhang et al. 2002:142 [ref. 26152], Raju Thomas et al. 2002:51 [ref. 26359], Ataur Rahman 2003:84 [ref. 31338], Courtenay & Williams 2004:101 [ref. 27545], Shrestha 2008:233 [ref. 29923], Yadav 2003:25 [ref. 27711], Nguyen et al. 2012:158 [ref. 32085], Ahmed et al. 2013:287 [ref. 32872], Britz 2013:292 [ref. 32966], Knight 2016:8588 [ref. 34348], Rüber et al. 2019:[4] [ref. 36913], Perera et al. 2020:415 [ref. 37771], Sudasinghe et al. 2020:[5] [ref. 37972], Çiçek et al. 2023:46 [ref. 40326]). Current status: Valid as Channa orientalis Bloch & Schneider 1801. Channidae. Distribution: South Asia: southwestern Sri Lanka. Introduced in Afghanistan. Habitat: freshwater.

ornatipinnis, Channa Britz [R.] 2008:336, Figs. 1-3 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 18 (no. 4) [for 2007]; ref. 29386] Waloun Chaung, 19°51'05"N, 94°26'18"E, Rakhine State, Myanmar. Holotype: BMNH 2007.5.14.7. Paratypes: BMNH 2007.5.14.8-14 (7), 2007.5.14.15-16 (2). Plus non-type specimens •Valid as Channa ornatipinnis Britz 2008 -- (Kottelat 2013:461 [ref. 32989], Lalramliana et al. 2018:171 [ref. 36027], Rüber et al. 2019:[5] [ref. 36913], Britz et al. 2019:593 [ref. 37016], Praveenraj et al. 2020:945 [ref. 38037], Britz et al. 2024:22 [ref. 40761]). Current status: Valid as Channa ornatipinnis Britz 2008. Channidae. Distribution: South Asia: Waloun Chaung, Myanmar. Habitat: freshwater.

panaw, Channa Musikasinthorn [P.] 1998:356, Figs. 1-4 [Ichthyological Research v. 45 (no. 4); ref. 23624] Yangon fish market, Yangon, Myanmar. Holotype: KUMF 3050. Paratypes: ANSP 77016 (1); KUMF 3051-54 (10, 2, 1, 3), 3060-61 (1, 1), 3062 (1, dissected); NRM 27421 (3); NSMT-P 36121 (7), 36129 (1). •Valid as Channa panaw Musikasinthorn 1998 -- (Musikasinthorn 2000:32 [ref. 24480], Courtenay & Williams 2004:105 [ref. 27545], Kottelat 2013:462 [ref. 32989], Rüber et al. 2019:[5] [ref. 36913], Chen et al. 2024:142 [ref. 41792]). Current status: Valid as Channa panaw Musikasinthorn 1998. Channidae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Irrawaddy and Sittaung River basins, Myanmar. Habitat: freshwater.

pardalis, Channa Knight [J. D. M.] 2016:8584, Images 1, 2A-C, 3A [Journal of Threatened Taxa v. 8 (no. 3); ref. 34348] Streams in Nongstoin, West Khasi Hills, Meghalaya, India, 25.52°N, 91.27°E, elevation 1.400 meters. Holotype: BNHS-FWF 181. Paratypes: BNHS, ZSI/SRC. Plus additional non-type material. •Valid as Channa pardalis Knight 2016 -- (Gurumayum & Tamang 2016:183 [ref. 35232], Lalramliana et al. 2018:171 [ref. 36027], Praveenraj et al. 2018:12 [ref. 36419], Praveenraj et al. 2018:150 [ref. 36434], Praveenraj et al. 2019:69 [ref. 36501], Rüber et al. 2019:[5] [ref. 36913], Praveenraj et al. 2020:945 [ref. 38037], Britz et al. 2024:22 [ref. 40761]). Current status: Valid as Channa pardalis Knight 2016. Channidae. Distribution: South Asia: west Khasi Hills, Meghalaya, India. Habitat: freshwater.

pekinensis, Ophicephalus Basilewsky [S.] 1855:225, Pl. 9 (fig. 3) [Nouveaux mémoires de la Société impériale des naturalistes de Moscou v. 10; ref. 200] China rivers. Holotype or syntypes: ZIN 5343 (1). •Synonym of Ophiocephalus argus Cantor 1842 -- (Berg 1949:1005 [ref. 20662]). •Synonym of Ophicephalus argus Cantor 1842 -- (Okada 1961:747 [ref. 6363]). •Synonym of Channa argus (Cantor 1842) -- (Reshetnikov 1998:148 [ref. 23570], Courtenay & Williams 2004:45 [ref. 27545], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:239 [ref. 28183], Bogutskaya et al. 2008:354 [ref. 30085], Parin et al. 2014:521 [ref. 33547]). •Synonym of Channa argus (Cantor 1842), but a valid subspecies -- (Bogutskaya & Naseka 1996:56 [ref. 22798]). •Not treated in Zhang et al. 2016:209 [ref. 34477]. Current status: Synonym of Channa argus (Cantor 1842). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

philippinus, Ophiocephalus Peters [W. (C. H.)] 1868:262 [Monatsberichte der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1868; ref. 3442] Type catalog: Paepke 1993:257 [ref. 21846]. Available through indication. •Synonym of Ophicephalus striatus Bloch 1793 -- (Endruweit 2024:53 [ref. 41040]). •Synonym of Channa striata (Bloch 1793) -- (Courtenay & Williams 2004:115 [ref. 27545], Kottelat 2013:462 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Channa striata (Bloch 1793). Channidae.

planiceps, Ophicephalus Cuvier [G.] (ex Kuhl & van Hasselt) in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1831:424 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 7; ref. 4881] Java, Indonesia. Syntypes: RMNH 1131-1135 (5), MNHN A-0629 (1). Type catalog: Blanc 1963:77 [ref. 19851]. Type information: Roberts 1993:41 [ref. 21799]. •Synonym of Ophicephalus striatus Bloch 1793 -- (Endruweit 2024:53 [ref. 41040]). •Synonym of Channa striata (Bloch 1793) -- (Roberts 1993:41 [ref. 21799], Menon 1999:277 [ref. 24904] as striatus, Courtenay & Williams 2004:115 [ref. 27545]). Current status: Synonym of Channa striata (Bloch 1793). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

pleurophthalmus, Ophiocephalus Bleeker [P.] 1851:270 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 1 (no. 3); ref. 325] Bandjarmasin, Borneo, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): RMNH 6422. •Valid as Channa pleurophthalmus (Bleeker 1851) -- (Roberts 1989:170 [ref. 6439], Vierke 1991:20 [ref. 16625] as pleurophthalma, Kottelat et al. 1993:166 [ref. 23448], Musikasinthorn 2000:32 [ref. 24480], Musikasinthorn & Taki 2001:320 [ref. 25558]). •Valid as Channa pleurophthalma (Bleeker 1851) -- (Courtenay & Williams 2004:107 [ref. 27545], Tan & Ng 2005:134 [ref. 28283], Kottelat & Widjanarti 2005:167 [ref. 28284], Benziger et al. 2011:4 [ref. 31366], Kottelat 2013:462 [ref. 32989], Rüber et al. 2019:[5] [ref. 36913]). Current status: Valid as Channa pleurophthalma (Bleeker 1851). Channidae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Indonesia. Habitat: freshwater.

polylepis, Ophicephalus Bleeker [P.] 1852:578 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 3 (no. 4); ref. 334] Solok, western Sumatra, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Channa lucius (Cuvier 1831) -- (Roberts 1989:170 [ref. 6439], Courtenay & Williams 2004:75 [ref. 27545], Kottelat 2013:460 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Channa lucius (Cuvier 1831). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

pomanensis, Channa Gurumayum [S. D.] & Tamang [L.] 2016:177, Figs. 1, 2, 3A, 4, 5 [Species v. 17 (no. 57); ref. 35232] Poma River at Poma (Brahmaputra basin) about 10 km west to capital town, Itanagar, Papum Pare district, Arunachal Pradesh, India, 27°3'33.85"N, 93°30'32.00"E, elevation 240 meters. Holotype: ZSI/APRC P-1066. Paratypes: ZSI/APRC. •Valid as Channa pomanensis Gurumayum & Tamang 2016 -- (Praveenraj et al. 2018:150 [ref. 36434], Praveenraj et al. 2019:69 [ref. 36501], Rüber et al. 2019:[5] [ref. 36913], Praveenraj et al. 2020:946 [ref. 38037], Pathak et al. 2024:6 [ref. 40762]). •Synonym of Channa aurantimaculata Musikasinthorn 2000 -- (Vishwanath 2021:354 [ref. 41793]). Current status: Synonym of Channa aurantimaculata Musikasinthorn 2000. Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

pseudomarulius, Ophiocephalus Günther [A.] 1861:478 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 3; ref. 1964] East Indian continent. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1857.6.13.123 [ex Zool. Soc.]. •Synonym of Channa marulius (Hamilton 1822) -- (Menon 1999:274 [ref. 24904], Courtenay & Williams 2004:83 [ref. 27545], Kottelat 2013:461 [ref. 32989]). •Valid as Channa pseudomarulius (Günther 1861) -- (Britz et al. 2017:532 [ref. 35498], Adamson & Britz 2018:545 [ref. 36282], Adamson et al. 2019:406 [ref. 36613], Rüber et al. 2019:[5] [ref. 36913]). Current status: Valid as Channa pseudomarulius (Günther 1861). Channidae. Distribution: Southern Western Ghats, peninsular India. Habitat: freshwater.

pulchra, Channa Britz [R.] 2008:341, Figs. 6-7 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 18 (no. 4) [for 2007]; ref. 29386] Kyeinthali Chaung, Rakhine State, Myanmar. Holotype: BMNH 2007.14.5.1. Paratypes: BMNH 2007.14.5.2-6 (4). •Valid as Channa pulchra Britz 2008 -- (Kottelat 2013:462 [ref. 32989], Knight 2016:8588 [ref. 34348], Lalramliana et al. 2018:171 [ref. 36027], Rüber et al. 2019:[5] [ref. 36913], Praveenraj et al. 2020:945 [ref. 38037], Britz et al. 2024:22 [ref. 40761]). Current status: Valid as Channa pulchra Britz 2008. Channidae. Distribution: South Asia: Kyeinthali Chaung (Myanmar). Habitat: freshwater.

punctatus, Ophicephalus Bloch [M. E.] 1793:139, Pl. 358 [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 7; ref. 4868] No locality [not Malabar coast, India]. Syntypes: ZMB 1394 (2). Type catalog: Paepke 1993:256, Fig. 2 [ref. 21846], Paepke 1999:61 [ref. 24282]. On p. 115 of Bloch's Ichthyologie, v. 10 [ref. 21381]. •Mention -- (Teugels et al. 1986:289 [ref. 6202]). •Valid as Ophicephalus punctatus Bloch 1793 -- (Ataur Rahman 1989:68 [ref. 24860], Coad 1981:17 [ref. 22348]). •Valid as Channa punctata (Bloch 1793) -- (Shrestha 1978:40 [ref. 15970], Vierke 1991:20 [ref. 16625], Pethiyagoda 1991:284 [ref. 20075], Talwar & Jhingran 1991:1020 [ref. 20764], Dhanze & Sen 1993:47 [ref. 24018], Indra 1993:188 [ref. 24009], Rema Devi 1993:358 [ref. 24007], Rema Devi & Ilango 1993:249 [ref. 24017], Indra 1994:420 [ref. 24015], Sen 1995:594 [ref. 23778], Zhu 1995:187 [ref. 25213], Rema Devi et al. 1996:141 [ref. 24021], Banik & Choudhury 1996:579 [ref. 24736] as punctatus, Musikasinthorn 1998:359 [ref. 23624], Rema Devi & Raghunathan 1999:159 [ref. 24759] as punctatus, Rema Devi & Raghunathan 1999:175 [ref. 24760] as punctatus, Rema Devi et al. 1999:161 [ref. 24758] as punctatus, Sen 1999:203 [ref. 24750] as punctatus, Menon 1999:276 [ref. 24904] as punctatus, Musikasinthorn 2000:35 [ref. 24480], Rafique 2000:326 [ref. 25220], Mirza 2000:356 [ref. 25207], Karmakar 2000:35 [ref. 25662] as punctatus, Raju Thomas et al. 2002:51 [ref. 26359] as puntatus, Rafique et al. 2003:98 [ref. 27173], Mirza 2003:22 [ref. 27265], Ataur Rahman 2003:83 [ref. 31338] as punctatus, Courtenay & Williams 2004:109 [ref. 27545], Yadav 2003:25 [ref. 27711], Shrestha 2008:233 [ref. 29923], Vishwanath & Geetakumari 2009:101 [ref. 30105] as punctatus, Benziger et al. 2011:2 [ref. 31366], Ahmed et al. 2013:287 [ref. 32872], Gurung et al. 2013:4885 [ref. 32969], Lalhlimpuia et al. 2016:349 [ref. 34637], Narasimhaiah et al. 2016:69 [ref. 34975] as punctatus, Gurumayum & Tamang 2016:183 [ref. 35232] as punctatus, Lalramliana et al. 2018:167 [ref. 36027], Suresh et al. 2018:312 [ref. 36495], Dey et al. 2019:503 [ref. 36484], Dey et al. 2019:302 [ref. 36760], Rüber et al. 2019:[5] [ref. 36913], Perera et al. 2020:415 [ref. 37771], Kosygin et al. 2022:673 [ref. 40736], Tudu et al. 2022:44 [ref. 40484], Çiçek et al. 2023:45 [ref. 40326], Gupta et al. 2024:101 [ref. 41453] as punctatus). Current status: Valid as Channa punctata (Bloch 1793). Channidae. Distribution: South Asia, Southeast Asia, East Asia: Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Thailand, Malaysia and China; introduced elsewhere. Habitat: freshwater.

puticola, Ophicephalus Richardson [J.] 1846:252 [Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 15th meeting [1845]; ref. 3742] Canton, China. No types known. Based solely on illustration by Reeves (see Whitehead 1970:211, Pl. 20c [ref. 11606]). •Synonym of Bostrychoides asiaticus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Endruweit 2024:43 [ref. 41040]). •Synonym of Channa asiatica (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 2013:459 [ref. 32989] with question). •Not treated in Zhang et al. 2016:209 [ref. 34477]. Current status: Uncertain as Channa asiatica (Linnaeus 1758). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

pyrophthalmus, Channa Britz [R.], Tan [H. H.] & Rüber [L.] 2024:16, Figs. 14-16 [Raffles Bulletin of Zoology v. 72; ref. 40761] Kra Buri River drainage, Lon Phaw, Taninthary Region, Myanmar. Holotype: ZRC 64933. Paratypes: MTD 40202 (2), ZRC 64934 (7). •Valid as Channa pyrophthalmus Britz, Tan & Rüber 2024. Current status: Valid as Channa pyrophthalmus Britz, Tan & Rüber 2024. Channidae. Distribution: South Asia: Kra Buri River drainage, southern Taninthary Region, Myanmar. Habitat: freshwater.

qualamudensis, Ophiocephalus striatus var. Gianferrari [L.] 1930:159, Fig. 1 [Atti della Società Italiana di Scienze Naturali di Milano v. 69 (no. 2); ref. 20921] Quala Muda, Malacca, Malacca, Malay Peninsula, Malaysia. Holotype (unique): MSNM 57 [ex MSNM 4331]. Type catalog: Conci & Michelangeli 1974:228 [ref. 21560]. •Synonym of Channa striata (Bloch 1793) -- (Kottelat 2013:462 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Channa striata (Bloch 1793). Channidae. Distribution: Malaysia. Habitat: freshwater.

quangtriensis, Channa Nguyen [V. H.], Nguyen [T. D. P.] & Nguyen [T. H. T.] 2011:13, Fig. 1 (g & h). [Newsletter Research Institute for Aquaculture No. 1, issue 4; ref. 33001] Not available, no name-bearing types fixed (ICZN Art. 72.3). •Not available, no designation of a type; in the synonymy of Channa gachua (Hamilton 1822) -- (Kottelat 2013:460 [ref. 32989]). •In the synonymy of Channa limbata (Cuvier 1831). Current status: Synonym of Channa limbata (Cuvier 1831). Channidae.

quinquefasciata, Channa Praveenraj [J.], Uma [A.], Knight [J. D. M.], Moulitharan [N.], Balasubramanian [S.], Bineesh [K. K.] & Bleher [H.] 2018:143, Figs. 1-3A, 3C [aqua, International Journal of Ichthyology v. 24 (no. 4); ref. 36434] Torsa River, Howlong bridge, near Bhutan foothills, North Bengal, India, 26°43'46.58"N, 89°17'49.742"E. Holotype: ZSI FF 7905. Paratypes: JPC, ZSI FF. •Valid as Channa quinquefasciata Praveenraj, Uma, Knight, Moulitharan, Balasubramanian, Bineesh & Bleher 2018 -- (Dey et al. 2019:502 [ref. 36484], Dey et al. 2019:302 [ref. 36760], Rüber et al. 2019:[5] [ref. 36913], Chakraborty et al. 2020:107 [ref. 37332], Praveenraj et al. 2020:946 [ref. 38037], Britz et al. 2024:22 [ref. 40761]). Current status: Valid as Channa quinquefasciata Praveenraj, Uma, Knight, Moulitharan, Balasubramanian, Bineesh & Bleher 2018. Channidae. Distribution: South Asia: Torsa River drainage, Brahmaputra River basin, northern India. Habitat: freshwater.

rakhinica, Channa Britz [R.], Tan [H. H.] & Rüber [L.] 2024:3, Figs. 2-5 [Raffles Bulletin of Zoology v. 72; ref. 40761] South Stream, Kyauk Tan village, Kyeinthali township, Rakhine State, Myanmar, 18.0380°N, 94.5072°E. Holotype: BMNH 2019.10.16.190. Paratypes: BMNH, MTD. •Valid as Channa rakhinica Britz, Tan & Rüber 2024. Current status: Valid as Channa rakhinica Britz, Tan & Rüber 2024. Channidae. Distribution: South Asia: small mountain streams near Kyeinthali, southern Rakhine State, western Myanmar. Habitat: freshwater.

rara, Channa Britz [R.], Dahanukar [N.], Anoop [V. K.] & Ali [A.] 2019:590, Figs. 1-3 [Zootaxa 4683 (no. 4); ref. 37016] Jagbudi River near Khopi Village, on road Kumbhad - Shirgaon, Khed Taluka, Ratnagiri District, Maharashtra, India, 17.68°N, 73.52°E, elevation 47 meters. Holotype: BNHS FWF 1003. Paratypes: BNHS FWF 1004-1005 (2). •Valid as Channa rara Britz, Dahanukar, Anoop & Ali 2019 -- (Susasinghe et al. 2020:164 [ref. 37482]). Current status: Valid as Channa rara Britz, Dahanukar, Anoop & Ali 2019. Channidae. Distribution: South Asia: Jagbudi River drainage, Western Ghats (Maharashtra, India). Habitat: freshwater.

rhodotaenia, Ophicephalus Bleeker [P.] 1851:425 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 2 (no. 3); ref. 16897] Sambas, western Borneo, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Channa melasoma (Bleeker 1851) -- (Roberts 1989:170 [ref. 6439], Courtenay & Williams 2004:91 [ref. 27545]). Current status: Synonym of Channa melasoma (Bleeker 1851). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

royi, Channa Praveenraj [J.] & Knight [J. D. M.] in Praveenraj, Knight, Kiruba-Sankar, Halalludin, Raymond et al. 2018:2, Figs. 1, 2a-b, 3, 4-1 [Indian Journal of Fisheries v. 64 (no. 4); ref. 36419] Mannarghat, South Andaman, India, 11°45'43.45"N, 92°43'2.03"E. Holotype: ZSI/ANRC 12467. Paratypes: CIARI, ZSI/ANRC. •Synonym of Channa harcourtbutleri (Annandale 1918) -- (Britz et al. 2019:596 [ref. 37016]). Current status: Synonym of Channa harcourtbutleri (Annandale 1918). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

rubora, Channa Britz [R.], Tan [H. H.] & Rüber [L.] 2024:9, Figs. 8-10 [Raffles Bulletin of Zoology v. 72; ref. 40761] Unnamed stream south of Mogaung, Kachin State, Myanmar. Holotype: BMNH 2019.10.16.194. Paratypes: BMNH, MTD. •Valid as Channa rubora Britz, Tan & Rüber 2024. Current status: Valid as Channa rubora Britz, Tan & Rüber 2024. Channidae. Distribution: South Asia: streams south of Mogaung, Kachin State, Myanmar. Habitat: freshwater.

serpentinus, Ophicephalus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1831:429 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 7; ref. 4881] Thailand. Syntypes: BMNH 1860.3.19.144 (1, stuffed) East India Co. Also in Griffith & Smith 1834:Pl. 52 (fig. 3) (opp. p. 218) [ref. 1908]. •Synonym of Channa micropeltes (Cuvier 1831) -- (Roberts 1989:170 [ref. 6439], Courtenay & Williams 2004:94 [ref. 27545], Kottelat 2013:461 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Channa micropeltes (Cuvier 1831). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

shingon, Channa Endruweit [M.] 2017:174, Figs. 1-4a, 5a [Vertebrate Zoology v. 67 (no. 2); ref. 35627] Erganyahe River, Jieyanghe River, Irrawaddy drainage, Erganya village, Tongbiguan town, Yingjiang city, Dehong prefecture, Yunnan, China, 24°36.310'N, 97°36.318'E, elevation 1320 meters. Holotype: KIZ 2014005982. Paratypes: KIZ. Plus additional non-type material. •Possibly a synonym of Channa harcourtbutleri (Annandale 1918) -- (Britz et al. 2019:594 [ref. 37016]). •Valid as Channa shingon Endruweit 2017 -- (Britz et al. 2024:22 [ref. 40761], Chen et al. 2024:143 [ref. 41792], Htoo et al. 2025:4 [ref. 41932]). Current status: Valid as Channa shingon Endruweit 2017. Channidae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: upper Irrawaddy and Salween River drainages, Yunnan (China), and Kachin State (Myanmar). IUCN (2025): Not Assessed. Habitat: freshwater.

siamensis, Ophiocephalus Günther [A.] 1861:476 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 3; ref. 1964] Thailand. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1859.7.1.71. •Valid as Channa siamensis (Günther 1861) -- (Vierke 1991:20 [ref. 16625], Zhu 1995:186 [ref. 25213], Musikasinthorn 2000:32 [ref. 24480]). •Synonym of Channa lucius (Cuvier 1831) -- (Musikasinthorn & Taki 2001:322 [ref. 25558], Courtenay & Williams 2004:75 [ref. 27545], Kottelat 2013:460 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Channa lucius (Cuvier 1831). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

sinensis, Channa Sauvage [H.-E.] 1880:58 [19] [Bulletin de la Société philomathique de Paris (7th Série) v. 4; ref. 19967] China [possibly Yangtze River]. Syntypes: MNHN A-0666 (2). Type catalog: Blanc 1963:75 [ref. 19851]. On p. 19 of separate. •Synonym of Bostrychoides asiaticus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Endruweit 2024:43 [ref. 41040]). •Synonym of Channa asiatica (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Courtenay & Williams 2004:53 [ref. 27545], Kottelat 2013:459 [ref. 32989]). •Not treated in Zhang et al. 2016:209 [ref. 34477]. Current status: Synonym of Channa asiatica (Linnaeus 1758). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

sowara, Ophicephalus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1831:426 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 7; ref. 4881] Lake Ankapilla, India. No types known. Spelled sowarah by Bleeker 1845. •Synonym of Channa marulius (Hamilton 1822) -- (Menon 1999:273 [ref. 24904] as Ophiocephalus sowarah, Courtenay & Williams 2004:83 [ref. 27545], Kottelat 2013:461 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Channa marulius (Hamilton 1822). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

spiritalis, Ophicephalus Fowler [H. W.] 1904:530, Pl. 9 (lower fig.) [Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia. Second series. v. 12 (pt 4); ref. 1367] Padang, Sumatra, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): ANSP 27664. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:42 [ref. 13621]. •Questionably a synonym of Channa pleurophthalmus (Bleeker 1851) -- (Roberts 1989:170 [ref. 6439]). •Synonym of Channa lucius (Cuvier 1831) -- (Tan & Ng 2005:133 [ref. 28283], Kottelat 2013:460 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Channa lucius (Cuvier 1831). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

squamosus, Notopterus Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1800:189, 193 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 2; ref. 2709] Southern America; western Africa; Mediterranean Sea. Unnecessary replacement name for Gymnotus asiaticus Linnaeus 1758. Also appeared in Sonnini 1803:405 (v. 5) [ref. 30473]. •Synonym of Bostrychoides asiaticus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Endruweit 2024:43 [ref. 41040]). •Synonym of Channa asiatica (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 2013:459 [ref. 32989]). Replacement Name. Current status: Synonym of Channa asiatica (Linnaeus 1758). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

stevensii, Ophicephalus Bleeker [P.] 1854:444 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 5 (no. 3); ref. 338] Kapuas River, Pontianak, Borneo; Moara Kompeh, eastern Sumatra, Indonesia. Syntypes: (2). •Synonym of Channa micropeltes (Cuvier 1831) -- (Roberts 1989:170 [ref. 6439], Courtenay & Williams 2004:94 [ref. 27545], Kottelat 2013:461 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Channa micropeltes (Cuvier 1831). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

stewartii, Ophiocephalus Playfair [R. L.] 1867:14, Pl. 3 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1867 (pt 1) (art. 3) (for 10 Jan. 1867); ref. 14048] Cachar, Assam, India. Lectotype: BMNH 1867.2.14.19. Paralectotype: BMNH 1867.2.14.20 (1, = Channa gachua). Lectotype selected by Britz et al. 2024:22 [ref. 40761]. •Valid as Channa stewartii (Playfair 1867) -- (Shrestha 1978:40 [ref. 15970], Talwar & Jhingran 1991:1021 [ref. 20764], Vierke 1991:20 [ref. 16625], Sen 1995:595 [ref. 23778], Menon 1999:277 [ref. 24904] as stewartius, Musikasinthorn 2000:35 [ref. 24480], Karmakar 2000:35 [ref. 25662], Courtenay & Williams 2004:113 [ref. 27545], Shrestha 2008:234 [ref. 29923], Vishwanath & Geetakumari 2009:101 [ref. 30105], Geetakumari & Vishwanath 2011:231 [ref. 31586], Gurung et al. 2013:4885 [ref. 32969], Knight 2016:8589 [ref. 34348], Lalhlimpuia et al. 2016:349 [ref. 34637], Gurumayum & Tamang 2016:183 [ref. 35232], Endruweit 2017:178 [ref. 35627], Lalramliana et al. 2018:167 [ref. 36027], Praveenraj et al. 2018:12 [ref. 36419], Praveenraj et al. 2018:150 [ref. 36434], Praveenraj et al. 2019:69 [ref. 36501], Rüber et al. 2019:[5] [ref. 36913], Chakraborty et al. 2020:107 [ref. 37332], Praveenraj et al. 2020:945 [ref. 38037], Britz et al. 2024:19 [ref. 40761]). Current status: Valid as Channa stewartii (Playfair 1867). Channidae. Distribution: South Asia: Northern India (West Bengal, Assam), Bangladesh, Bhutan and Nepal, possible further east. Habitat: freshwater.

stiktos, Channa Lalramliana [no initials], Knight [J. D. M.], Lalhlimpuia [D. V.] & Singh [M.] 2018:167, Figs. 1-2 [Vertebrate Zoology v. 68 (no. 2); ref. 36027] Tiau River in the vicinity of Zokhawthar Village, Kaladan River drainage, Mizoram, India, 23°22'28"N, 93°23'13"E. Holotype: ZSI FF 7727. Paratypes: PUCMF. •Valid as Channa stiktos Lalramliana, Knight, Lalhlimpuia & Singh 2018 -- (Dey et al. 2019:502 [ref. 36484], Dey et al. 2019:302 [ref. 36760].Rüber et al. 2019:[5] [ref. 36913], Praveenraj et al. 2020:945 [ref. 38037]). Current status: Valid as Channa stiktos Lalramliana, Knight, Lalhlimpuia & Singh 2018. Channidae. Distribution: South Asia: Kaladan River drainage, Mizoram, north-eastern India. Habitat: freshwater.

striatus, Ophicephalus Bloch [M. E.] 1793:141, Pl. 359 [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 7; ref. 4868] Tranquebar [Tharangambadi], India. Syntypes: ZMB 1400 (2), 6522 (1, stuffed, missing). Type catalog: Paepke 1993:256-257, Fig. 1 [ref. 21846], Paepke 1999:61 [ref. 24282]. On p. 117 of Bloch's Ichthyologie, v. 10 [ref. 21381]. •Valid as Ophiocephlus [sic] striatus Bloch 1793 -- (Vu & Nguyen 1997:27 [ref. 26438]). •Valid as Ophicephalus striatus Bloch 1793 -- (Endruweit 2024:53 [ref. 41040]). •Valid as Channa striata (Bloch 1793) -- (Shrestha 1978:40 [ref. 15970], Roberts 1989:170 [ref. 6439], Ataur Rahman 1989:65 [ref. 24860], Vierke 1991:20 [ref. 16625], Pethiyagoda 1991:286 [ref. 20075], Talwar & Jhingran 1991:1022 [ref. 20764], Indra 1991:241 [ref. 24005], Kottelat et al. 1993:166 [ref. 23448], Lee et al. 1994:61 [ref. 23558], Indra 1994:421 [ref. 24015], Sen 1995:595 [ref. 23778], Kottelat & Lim 1996:249 [ref. 23210], Zhu 1995:187 [ref. 25213], Rainboth 1996:220 [ref. 22772], Rema Devi et al. 1996:141 [ref. 24021], Zacharias et al. 1996:41 [ref. 25526], Banik & Choudhury 1996:579 [ref. 24736] as stiratus, Kottelat 1998:116 [ref. 23436], Musikasinthorn 1998:360 [ref. 23624], Ng & Tan 1999:364 [ref. 24159], Rema Devi & Raghunathan 1999:175 [ref. 24760] as striatus, Rema Devi et al. 1999:161 [ref. 24758] as striatus, Menon 1999:277 [ref. 24904] as striatus, Fuller et al. 1999:478 [ref. 25838], Musikasinthorn 2000:35 [ref. 24480], Freyhof et al. 2000:97 [ref. 25184], Rafique 2000:326 [ref. 25220], Mirza 2000:356 [ref. 25207], Karmakar 2000:35 [ref. 25662], Allen et al. 2000:161 [ref. 27467], Kottelat 2001:63 [ref. 25482], Doi et al. 2001:17 [ref. 25691], Kottelat 2001:162 [ref. 25780], Raju Thomas et al. 2002:51 [ref. 26359] as striatus, Mirza 2003:23 [ref. 27265], Yadav 2003:25 [ref. 27711], Ataur Rahman 2003:80 [ref. 31338] as striatus, Courtenay et al. 2004:4 [ref. 27561], Courtenay & Williams 2004:115 [ref. 27545], Grinang & Lim 2004:293 [ref. 28551], Tan & Ng 2005:135 [ref. 28283], Kottelat & Widjanarti 2005:167 [ref. 28284], Shrestha 2008:234 [ref. 29923], Allen et al. 2008:198 [ref. 30265], Vishwanath & Geetakumari 2009:101 [ref. 30105], Benziger et al. 2011:2 [ref. 31366], Ahmed et al. 2013:287 [ref. 32872], Gurung et al. 2013:4885 [ref. 32969], Kottelat 2013:462 [ref. 32989], Yoshida et al. 2013:207 [ref. 34464], Kottelat 2015:48 [ref. 33971], Miesen et al. 2016:96 [ref. 34492], Zhang et al. 2016:210 [ref. 34477], Gurumayum & Tamang 2016:183 [ref. 35232], Labatos 2017:5 [ref. 36239], Motomura et al. 2017:216 [ref. 35490], Sulaiman et al. 2018:38 [ref. 35802], Fricke et al. 2018:367 [ref. 35805], Suresh et al. 2018:314 [ref. 36495], Wilkinson & Tan 2018:602 [ref. 36226], Dey et al. 2019:503 [ref. 36484], Ng et al. 2019:536 [ref. 36606], Dey et al. 2019:302 [ref. 36760], Rüber et al. 2019:[5] [ref. 36913], Perera et al. 2020:415 [ref. 37771], Bandjolu et al. 2021:4 [ref. 38801], Fu et al. 2021:9573 [ref. 39347], Taki et al. 2021:413 [ref. 39830], Hasan et al. 2022:6035 [ref. 39888], Jamaluddin et al. 2022:[6] [ref. 39245], Kosygin et al. 2022:673 [ref. 40736], Tudu et al. 2022:44 [ref. 40484], Ahmad et al. 2023:134 [ref. 41243], Chan et al. 2023:142 [ref. 40365], Jamandre 2023:159 [ref. 40455], Gupta et al. 2024:101 [ref. 41453], Chen et al. 2024:145 [ref. 41792], Chungthanawong et al. 2025:71 [ref. 41920]). Current status: Valid as Channa striata (Bloch 1793). Channidae. Distribution: South and southeast Asia: Pakistan, India and Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Malaysia, Sundaland, Thailand, east to Vietnam, Yunnan (China) and southeastern China. Introduced elsewhere. Habitat: freshwater.

studeri, Ophiocephalus Volz [W.] 1903:555 [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 26 (no. 703); ref. 4531] Freshwater at Palembang, Sumatra, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): NMBE 1120938. Species illustrated and described in more detail in Volz 1903:376, Pl. 26 (fig. 2) [ref. 21451]. •Synonym of Channa micropeltes (Cuvier 1831) -- (Roberts 1989:170 [ref. 6439], Courtenay & Williams 2004:94 [ref. 27545]). Current status: Synonym of Channa micropeltes (Cuvier 1831). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

surakartensis, Philypnoides Bleeker [P.] 1849:19 [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 22 [6]; ref. 319] Kali Pepeh River, near Surakarta, central Java, Indonesia. No types known. •Synonym of Channa orientalis (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Menon 1999:275 [ref. 24904]). •Synonym of Channa gachua (Hamilton 1822) -- (Ng et al. 1999:57 [ref. 24286], Courtenay & Williams 2004:70 [ref. 27545], Kottelat 2013:460 [ref. 32989]). •Synonym of Channa limbata (Cuvier 1831) -- (Praveenraj et al. 2018:11 [ref. 36419]). Current status: Synonym of Channa limbata (Cuvier 1831). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

tadianus, Ophicephalus Jordan [D. S.] & Evermann [B. W.] 1902:330, Fig. 10 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 25 (no. 1289); ref. 2447] Taiwan. Holotype (unique): ZUMT 3xx (apparently lost). Type catalog: Ho & Shao 2011:60 [ref. 31432]. As Ophiocephalus tadianus in caption to Fig. 10. •Synonym of Ophicephalus maculatus (Lacepède 1801) -- (Okada 1961:751 [ref. 6363]). •Synonym of Bostrychoides aspilotus (Sauvage & Dabry de Thiersant 1874) -- (Endruweit 2024:46 [ref. 41040]). •Synonym of Channa maculata (Lacepède 1801) -- (Courtenay & Williams 2004:77 [ref. 27545], Ho & Shao 2011:60 [ref. 31432], Kottelat 2013:460 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Channa maculata (Lacepède 1801). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

theophrasti, Ophiocephalus Valenciennes [A.] in Jacquemont 1838:no p., Pl. 13 (figs. 1-1a) [Voyage dans l'Inde pendant les années 1828 à 1832; ref. 17872] Mumbai, India. Holotype: MNHN A-0668. Type catalog: Blanc 1963:77 [ref. 19851]. Type information: Daget 1984:515 [ref. 23265]. Plate 13 dates to 1838, see Britz et al. 2017:540 [ref. 35498]. •Valid as Channa theophrasti (Valenciennes 1838) -- (Daget 1984:515 [ref. 23265]). •Synonym of Channa marulius (Hamilton 1822) -- (Menon 1999:273 [ref. 24904], Courtenay & Williams 2004:83 [ref. 27545], Kottelat 2013:461 [ref. 32989] with question, Britz et al. 2017:529 [ref. 35498]). Current status: Synonym of Channa marulius (Hamilton 1822). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

torsaensis, Channa Dey [A.], Nur [R.], Chowdhury [B. R.], Sarkar [D.], Kosygin [L.] & Barat [S.] 2019:498, Figs. 2-3 [International Journal of Pure and Applied Biosciences v. 6 (no. 6) [for 2018]; ref. 36484] Tributary of the Torsa River, Dakshin Barajhar forest, Alipurduar district, West Bengal, India, ca. 26°33'N, 89°21'E [corrected]. Holotype: ZSI FF 7913. Paratypes: NBU, ZSI. •Valid as Channa torsaensis Dey, Nur, Chowdhury, Sarkar, Kosygin & Barat 2019. •Probably a synonym of Channa quinquefasciata Praveenraj, Uma, Knight, Moulitharan, Balasubramanian, Bineesh & Bleher 2018 -- (Britz et al. 2019:597 [ref. 37016]). •Synonym of Channa quinquefasciata Praveenraj, Uma, Knight, Moulitharan, Balasubramanian, Bineesh & Bleher 2018 -- (Britz et al. 2024:23 [ref. 40761]). Current status: Synonym of Channa quinquefasciata Praveenraj, Uma, Knight, Moulitharan, Balasubramanian, Bineesh & Bleher 2018. Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

urophthalmus, Ophicephalus Bleeker [P.] 1852:578 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 3 (no. 4); ref. 334] Palembang, Sumatra, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Channa pleurophthalmus (Bleeker 1851) -- (Roberts 1989:170 [ref. 6439]). •Valid as Channa pleurophthalma (Bleeker 1851) -- (Courtenay & Williams 2004:107 [ref. 27545], Kottelat 2013:462 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Channa pleurophthalma (Bleeker 1851). Channidae.

vagus, Ophiocephalus Peters [W. (C. H.)] 1868:260 [Monatsberichte der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1868; ref. 3442] Luzon Island, Samar, Leyte, Philippines. Syntypes: (several) ZMB 1397-98 [ex MNHN] (1, 1), 1399 (1), 6511-21 (1, 3, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 9, 2, 1, 8), 6524 (1), 6528 (1), 6531 (1), 6539 (1), 6547 (1), 6725-26 (1, 2), 7160 (1), 15593 (20), 31912 (1). Type catalog: Paepke 1993:257 [ref. 21846]. Published as a junior synonym. •Synonym of Ophicephalus striatus Bloch 1793 -- (Endruweit 2024:53 [ref. 41040]). •Synonym of Channa striata (Bloch 1793) -- (Courtenay & Williams 2004:115 [ref. 27545], Kottelat 2013:462 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Channa striata (Bloch 1793). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

warpachowskii, Ophiocephalus Berg [L. S.] 1909:200 [Zapiski Imperatorskoi Akademii Nauk de St.-Petersbourg (Ser. 8) v. 24 (no. 9); ref. 5116] Vladyvostok, Russia. Syntypes: ZIN 8402 (1, lost), 8403 (1). Original genus should have been Ophicephalus. •Synonym of Ophicephalus argus Cantor 1842, but a valid subspecies -- (Berg 1949:1005 [ref. 20662]). •Synonym of Channa argus (Cantor 1842), but a valid subspecies warpachowskii Berg 1909 -- (Mitrofanov et al. 1992:287 [ref. 37756], Bogutskaya & Naseka 1996:56 [ref. 22798], Reshetnikov 1998:148 [ref. 23570], Hanel 2003:66 [ref. 27894]). •Synonym of Channa argus (Cantor 1842) -- (Courtenay & Williams 2004:45 [ref. 27545], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:239 [ref. 28183], Bogutskaya et al. 2008:354 [ref. 30085], Parin et al. 2014:521 [ref. 33547]). Current status: Synonym of Channa argus (Cantor 1842). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

wrahl, Ophiocephalus Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1801:551, 552 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 3; ref. 2710] Apparently a new name for Ophicephalus striatus Bloch 1793. •Objective synonym of Ophicephalus striatus Bloch 1793 -- (Courtenay & Williams 2004:115 [ref. 27545], Endruweit 2024:53 [ref. 41040]). •Synonym of Channa striata (Bloch 1793) -- (Kottelat 2013:462 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Channa striata (Bloch 1793). Channidae. Habitat: freshwater.

wrahl, Ophiocephalus Hamilton [F.] 1822:60, 367, Pl. 31 (fig. 17) [An account of the fishes found in the river Ganges; ref. 2031] Hamilton 1822 used this name from Lacepède 1801; not an original description. Hamilton's original illustration reproduced by Britz 2019:Pl. 39 [ref. 37532]. •In the synonymy of Channa striatus (Bloch 1793) -- (Menon 1999:277 [ref. 24904]). •In the synonymy of Channa striata (Bloch 1793) -- (Courtenay & Williams 2004:115 [ref. 27545]). Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Channa striata (Bloch 1793). Channidae.