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Please look in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes for authorships of sections, Families of Fishes (all), and related information. Genera in the family or subfamily Congridae: [ 77 ] records Acromycter Smith [D. G.] & Kanazawa [R. H.] 1977:541 Masc. Ariosoma perturbator Parr 1932. Type by original designation. •Valid as Acromycter Smith & Kanazawa 1977 -- (Smith & Leiby 1980 [ref. 6930], Asano in Masuda et al. 1984:28 [ref. 6441], Smith 1989:554 [ref. 13285], Castle 1995:714 [ref. 22123], Smith 1999:1685 [ref. 24661], Smith 2003:749 [ref. 26989], Zhang et al. 2010:210 [ref. 31511]). Current status: Valid as Acromycter Smith & Kanazawa 1977. Congridae: Congrinae. Alloconger Jordan [D. S.] & Hubbs [C. L.] 1925:192, 195 Masc. Leptocephalus flavirostris Snyder 1908. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Ariosoma Swainson 1838 -- (Smith 1989:492 [ref. 13285], Shen 1998:8 [ref. 23445], Zhang et al. 2010:193 [ref. 31511]). Current status: Synonym of Ariosoma Swainson 1838. Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Anago Jordan [D. S.] & Hubbs [C. L.] 1925:191, 193 Masc. Conger anago Temminck & Schlegel 1846. Type by original designation (also monotypic and by absolute tautonymy). •Valid as Anago Jordan & Hubbs 1925 -- (Asano in Masuda et al. 1984:27 [ref. 6441], Zhang et al. 2010:191 [ref. 31511]). •Synonym of Ariosoma Swainson 1838 -- (Smith 1989:492 [ref. 13285], Shen 1998:8 [ref. 23445]). Current status: Synonym of Ariosoma Swainson 1838. Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Ariosoma Swainson [W.] 1838:220 Neut. Ophisoma acuta Swainson 1839. Type by subsequent designation. Appeared first without included species, renamed Ophisoma by Swainson 1839:334 [ref. 4303] with 2 included species. Type apparenty designated first by Bleeker 1864:20 [ref. 4860l] through Ophisoma (Art. 67.8). •Valid as Ariosoma Swainson 1838 -- (Blache et al. 1973:240 [ref. 7185], Karrer 1982:11 [ref. 5679], Asano in Masuda et al. 1984:27 [ref. 6441], Bauchot & Saldanha in Whitehead et al. 1986:567 [ref. 13676], Castle 1986:162 [ref. 5644], Smith 1989:491 [ref. 13285], Karmovskaya 1991 [ref. 19225], Shen 1998:8 [ref. 23445], Shen 1998:106 [ref. 24936], Smith 1999:1683 [ref. 24661], Smith 2003:746 [ref. 26989], Smith & Karmovskaya 2003:1 [ref. 27189], Hoese & Gates 2006:288 [ref. 28997], Fricke et al. 2009:20 [ref. 30213], Imamura 2009:22 [ref. 30434], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:19 [ref. 36649], Zhang et al. 2010:193 [ref. 31511], Karmovskaya 2015:719 [ref. 34150], Smith & Stewart 2015:272 [ref. 34234], Motomura et al. 2017:35 [ref. 35490], Fricke et al. 2018:48 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:24 [ref. 36273], Karmovskaya 2018:403 [455] [ref. 36153], Smith 2018:79 [ref. 36039], Smith et al. 2018:84 [ref. 36040], Brown et al. 2019:157 [ref. 36444], Kodeeswaran et al. 2021:[1] [ref. 38318], Kodeeswaran et al. 2022:1 [ref. 39019], Kodeeswaran et al. 2022:1 [ref. 39196], Kodeeswaran et al. 2022:1 [ref. 39376], Ray et al. 2022:133 [ref. 39391], Kodeeswaran et al. 2024:119 [ref. 40791], Kodeeswaran et al. 2024:1 [ref. 41146]). Current status: Valid as Ariosoma Swainson 1838. Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Astroconger Jordan [D. S.] & Hubbs [C. L.] 1925:194 Masc. Anguilla myriaster Brevoort 1856. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Conger Bosc 1817 -- (Blache et al. 1973:239 [ref. 7185], Smith 1989:513 [ref. 13285], Zhang et al. 2010:198 [ref. 31511]). Current status: Synonym of Conger Bosc 1817. Congridae: Congrinae. Bassanago Whitley [G. P.] 1948:71 Masc. Bassanago bulbiceps Whitley 1948. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Bassanago Whitley 1948 -- (Castle 1986:162 [ref. 5644], Paxton et al. 1989:140 [ref. 12442], Smith 1989:512, 533 [ref. 13285], Gomon et al. 1994:210 [ref. 22532], Smith 1999:1685 [ref. 24661], Hoese & Gates 2006:289 [ref. 28997], Smith 2008:174 [ref. 30621], Caires & Figueiredo 2011:366 [ref. 31202], Smith & Stewart 2015:273 [ref. 34234]). Current status: Valid as Bassanago Whitley 1948. Congridae: Congrinae. Bathycongrellus Klausewitz [W.] 1991:384 Masc. Bathycongrellus adenensis Klausewitz 1991. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Promyllantor Alcock 1890 -- (Castle 1995:715 [ref. 22123]). Current status: Synonym of Promyllantor Alcock 1890. Congridae: Congrinae. Bathycongrus Ogilby [J. D.] 1898:292 Masc. Congromuraena nasica Alcock 1894. Type by original designation. •Valid as Bathycongrus Ogilby 1898 -- (Smith 1989:512 [ref. 13285], Ben-Tuvia 1993:357 [ref. 21130], Smith 1999:1684 [ref. 24661], Castle & Smith 1999:973 [ref. 25141], Smith 2003:748 [ref. 26989], Hoese & Gates 2006:289 [ref. 28997], Karmovskaya & Smith 2008:26 [ref. 29972], Fricke et al. 2009:20 [ref. 30213], Karmovskaya 2009:139 [ref. 30139], Karmovskaya 2011:417 [ref. 31456], Fricke et al. 2018:49 [ref. 35805], Huang et al. 2018:107 [ref. 36041], Smith & Ho 2018:119 [ref. 36042], Fricke et al. 2019:54 [ref. 36673], Smith et al. 2020:191 [ref. 37749], Huang et al. 2022:78 [ref. 39625]). Current status: Valid as Bathycongrus Ogilby 1898. Congridae: Congrinae. Bathymyrus Alcock [A. W.] 1889:305 Masc. Bathymyrus echinorhynchus Alcock 1889. Type by monotypy. •Valid as Bathymyrus Alcock 1889 -- (Castle 1986:163 [ref. 5644], Smith 1989:490 [ref. 13285], Smith 1999:1682 [ref. 24661], Smith & Karmovskaya 2003:1 [ref. 27189], Zhang et al. 2010:189 [ref. 31511] as Bathymurus, Smith 2018:79 [ref. 36039]). Current status: Valid as Bathymyrus Alcock 1889. Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Bathyuroconger (subgenus of Uroconger) Fowler [H. W.] 1934:273 Masc. Uroconger braueri Weber & de Beaufort 1916. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Bathyuroconger Fowler 1934 -- (Blache & Bauchot 1976:405 [ref. 305], Karrer 1982:36 [ref. 5679], Machida in Masuda et al. 1984:28 [ref. 6441], Castle 1986:163 [ref. 5644], Smith 1989:541 [ref. 13285], Castle 1995:709 [ref. 22123], Smith 1999:1684 [ref. 24661], Castle & Smith 1999:973 [ref. 25141] with author and date as Weber & de Beaufort 1916, Smith 2003:748 [ref. 26989], Hoese & Gates 2006:290 [ref. 28997], Zhang et al. 2010:214 [ref. 31511], Smith & Stewart 2015:275 [ref. 34234], Fricke et al. 2018:49 [ref. 35805], Smith et al. 2018:148 [ref. 36043]). Current status: Valid as Bathyuroconger Fowler 1934. Congridae: Congrinae. Blachea Karrer [C.] & Smith [D. G.] 1980:642 Fem. Blachea xenobranchialis Karrer & Smith 1980. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Blachea Karrer & Smith 1980 -- (Karrer 1982:37 [ref. 5679], Paxton et al. 1989:140 [ref. 12442], Smith 1989:480 [ref. 13285] mentioned in passing, Smith 1999:1683 [ref. 24661], Hoese & Gates 2006:290 [ref. 28997], Ho & Shao 2010:286 [ref. 33329], Sakurai et al. 2013:135 [ref. 33259], Fricke et al. 2018:49 [ref. 35805]). Current status: Valid as Blachea Karrer & Smith 1980. Congridae: Congrinae. Castleichthys Smith [D. G.] 2004:143 Masc. Castleichthys auritus Smith 2004. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Castleichthys Smith 2004. Current status: Valid as Castleichthys Smith 2004. Congridae: Congrinae. Chiloconger Myers [G. S.] & Wade [C. B.] 1941:65 Masc. Chiloconger labiatus Myers & Wade 1941. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Chiloconger Myers & Wade 1941 -- (Smith 1989:480 [ref. 13285], Smith 1999:1682 [ref. 24661], Smith 2002:833 [ref. 26549], Smith & Karmovskaya 2003:2 [ref. 27189], Smith 2018:79 [ref. 36039]). Current status: Valid as Chiloconger Myers & Wade 1941. Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Conger Klein [J. T.] 1775:22 Masc. Not available, published in a work that does not conform to the principle of binominal nomenclature. •In the synonymy of Conger Bosc 1817. Suppressed. Current status: Synonym of Conger Bosc 1817. Congridae: Congrinae. Conger Oken [L.] (ex Cuvier) 1817:1781 Masc. Muraena conger Linnaeus 1758. Type by absolute tautonymy. Based on "Les Congres" of Cuvier 1816:231 [ref. 993] (see Gill 1903:966 [ref. 5768]). On Official List (Opinion 93, Direction 87); unavailable names of Conger on Official Index. Apparently predated by and should be credited to Bosc 1817 (see Paxton et al. 1989:140-141 [ref. 12442]). •Valid as Conger Oken 1817 -- (Blache et al. 1973:239 [ref. 7185], Asano in Masuda et al. 1984:28 [ref. 6441], Castle 1986:164 [ref. 5644], see Paxton et al. 1989:141 [ref. 12442], Smith 1989:513 [ref. 13285]). •In the synonymy of Conger Bosc 1817 -- (Hoese & Gates 2006:291 [ref. 28997]). Current status: Synonym of Conger Bosc 1817. Congridae: Congrinae. Conger Walbaum [J. J.] (ex Klein) 1792:580 Masc. Not available, published in a part of work rejected for nomenclatural purposes in Opinion 21 (1938). Placed on the Official Index of Rejected and Invalid Generic Names in Zoology. Based on Klein 1742:26 [ref.30141], with reference to the 'Conger' of Willughby 1686:111, pl. G6 [ref. 30164]. •In the synonymy of Conger Bosc 1817. Suppressed. Current status: Synonym of Conger Bosc 1817. Congridae: Congrinae. Conger Bosc [L. A. G.] (ex Cuvier) 1817:450 Masc. Muraena conger Linnaeus 1758. Type by subsequent absolute tautonymy. Name appeared in v. 7 of the work. See discussion in Paxton et al. 1989:140-141 [ref. 12442] regarding authorship of this genus; should be credited to Bosc instead of Oken. Species added by Cloquet 1818. •Valid as Conger Bosc 1817 -- (Paxton et al. 1989:140 [ref. 12442], Gomon et al. 1994:211 [ref. 22532], Smith 1999:1683 [ref. 24661], Smith 2003:747 [ref. 26989], Hoese & Gates 2006:291 [ref. 28997], Smith 2008:176 [ref. 30621], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:19 [ref. 36649], Zhang et al. 2010:198 [ref. 31511] with author as Cuvier, Parin et al. 2014:50 [ref. 33547], Smith & Stewart 2015:276 [ref. 34234], Bañón et al. 2016:304 [ref. 34397], Smith et al. 2016:734 [ref. 34834], Fricke et al. 2018:49 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:25 [ref. 36273], Smith & Ho 2018:169 [ref. 36044], Brown et al. 2019:157 [ref. 36444], Kodeeswaran et al. 2023:474 [ref. 40021]). Current status: Valid as Conger Bosc 1817. Congridae: Congrinae. Congermuraena Kaup [J. J.] 1856:71 Fem. Muraena balearica Delaroche 1809. Type by subsequent designation. Also in Kaup 1857:108 [ref. 2573]. Congromuraena Günther 1870:40 [ref. 1995] is an unjustified emendation. Type (as Muraena belearica De la Roche) apparently not designated by Bleeker, contrary to Jordan (1919:272 [ref. 2410]). In 1990 we regarded Ogilby 1898:284-285 [ref. 3276] as designating Congrus habenata Richardson 1844. Since 1990, we find that type designation can date to Jordan & Evermann 1896:270 [ref. 2422] and Jordan & Evermann 1896:355 [ref. 2443] as balearica, thereby preserving current usage. •Synonym of Ariosoma Swainson 1838 -- (Blache et al. 1973:240 [ref. 7185], Smith 1989:491 [ref. 13285], Zhang et al. 2010:193 [ref. 31511]). Current status: Synonym of Ariosoma Swainson 1838. Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Congerodon Kaup [J. J.] 1856:73 Masc. Congerodon indicus Kaup 1856. Type by monotypy. Unlike other genera in this work, this genus did not appear in Kaup 1857 [ref. 2573]. •Synonym of Uroconger Kaup 1856 -- (Smith 1989:545 [ref. 13285]). Current status: Synonym of Uroconger Kaup 1856. Congridae: Congrinae. Congrellus Ogilby [J. D.] 1898:288 Masc. Muraena balearica Delaroche 1809. Type by original designation. Apparently appeared first (31 Aug.) as above; also as Ogilby in Jordan & Evermann 1898:2801 (26 Nov.). •Objective synonym of Congermuraena Kaup 1856. •Synonym of Ariosoma Swainson 1838 -- (Blache et al. 1973:241 [ref. 7185], Smith 1989:492 [ref. 13285]). Current status: Synonym of Ariosoma Swainson 1838. Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Congrhynchus Fowler [H. W.] 1934:272 Masc. Congrhynchus talabonoides Fowler 1934. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Congrhynchus Fowler 1934 -- (Smith 1999:1683 [ref. 24661], Smith et al. 2018:228 [ref. 36048]). Current status: Valid as Congrhynchus Fowler 1934. Congridae: Congrinae. Congrina Jordan [D. S.] & Hubbs [C. L.] 1925:192, 196 Fem. Congermuraena aequorea Gilbert & Cramer 1897. Type by original designation. •Synonym of Rhechias Jordan 1921 -- (Smith & Kanazawa 1977:538 [ref. 4036], Smith 1989:532 [ref. 13285]). •Synonym of Bathycongrus Ogilby 1898 -- (Ben-Tuvia 1993:357 [ref. 21130], Castle 1995:709 [ref. 22123], Castle & Smith 1999:973 [ref. 25141], Karmovskaya & Smith 2008:27 [ref. 29972], Smith & Ho 2018:120 [ref. 36042]). Current status: Synonym of Bathycongrus Ogilby 1898. Congridae: Congrinae. Congriscus Jordan [D. S.] & Hubbs [C. L.] 1925:191, 193 Masc. Congromuraena megastoma Günther 1877. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Correct spelling for genus of type is Congermuraena. •Valid as Congriscus Jordan & Hubbs 1925 -- (Karrer 1982:18 [ref. 5679], Asano in Masuda et al. 1984:28 [ref. 6441], Smith 1989:511 [ref. 13285], Smith 1999:1682 [ref. 24661], Zhang et al. 2010:197 [ref. 31511], Kurogi et al. 2015:[1] 239 [ref. 34038], Fricke et al. 2018:50 [ref. 35805]). Current status: Valid as Congriscus Jordan & Hubbs 1925. Congridae: Congrinae. Congrosoma Garman [S.] 1899:308 Neut. Congrosoma evermanni Garman 1899. Type by monotypy. •Synonym of Promyllantor Alcock 1890 -- (Blache et al. 1973:243 [ref. 7185]). •Valid as Congrosoma Garman 1899, mentioned in passing -- (Smith 1989:512 [ref. 13285]). •Status uncertain -- (Castle 1995:715 [ref. 22123]). Current status: Valid as Congrosoma Garman 1899. Congridae: Congrinae. Congrus Richardson [J.] 1845:105 Masc. Also in Richardson 1848:106 [ref. 3740]. Considered by Jordan and others as a variant spelling of Conger of earlier authors, with same type. If regarded as an available generic name (as by Blache et al. 1973:239 [ref. 7185]), then includes two species: Muraenesox tricuspidatus McClelland and Congrus lepturus Richardson, neither as yet apparently designated as type. •Synonym of Conger Bosc 1817 -- (Smith 1989:513 [ref. 13285], Zhang et al. 2010:198 [ref. 31511]). Current status: Synonym of Conger Bosc 1817. Congridae: Congrinae. Diaphanichthys (subgenus of Leptocephalus) Peters [W. (C. H.)] 1864:399 Masc. Leptocephalus (Diaphanichthys) brevicaudus Peters 1864. Type by monotypy. Based on a leptocephalus. •Questionably a synonym of Ariosoma Swainson 1838 -- (Smith 1989:491 [ref. 13285]). Current status: Synonym of Ariosoma Swainson 1838. Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Diploconger Kotthaus [A.] 1968:34 Masc. Diploconger polystigmatus Kotthaus 1968. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Diploconger Kotthaus 1968 -- (Paxton et al. 1989:141 [ref. 12442], Smith 1989:511 [ref. 13285], Smith 1999:1684 [ref. 24661], Hoese & Gates 2006:292 [ref. 28997], Golani & Fricke 2018:25 [ref. 36273]). Current status: Valid as Diploconger Kotthaus 1968. Congridae: Congrinae. Euleptocephalus (subgenus of Leptocephalus) Strömman [P. H.] 1896:5 Masc. Leptocephalus sicanus Facciolà 1883. Type by subsequent designation. Included species unclear, at least two. On p. 5 of separate [original not examined]. Type designated by Jordan 1920:470 [ref. 4905]. •Synonym of Gnathophis Kaup 1859 -- (Castle 1969:11 [ref. 12436]). Current status: Synonym of Gnathophis Kaup 1859. Congridae: Congrinae. Fimbriceps Whitley [G. P.] 1946:62 Neut. Fimbriceps umbrellabia Whitley 1948. Type by monotypy. Also appeared in Whitley 1948:70 [ref. 4710]. •Synonym of Gnathophis Kaup 1859 -- (Castle 1977 [ref. 9301], Smith 1989:521 [ref. 13285], Karmovskaya & Paxton 2000:S2 [ref. 25768]). Current status: Synonym of Gnathophis Kaup 1859. Congridae: Congrinae. Forskalichthys Whitley [G. P.] 1935:219 Masc. Conger cinereus Rüppell 1871. Type by original designation. •Synonym of Conger Bosc 1817 -- (Blache et al. 1973:239 [ref. 7185], Smith 1989:513 [ref. 13285]). Current status: Synonym of Conger Bosc 1817. Congridae: Congrinae. Gavialiceps Alcock [A. W.] (ex Wood-Mason) 1889:460 Neut. Gavialiceps taeniola Alcock 1889. Type by subsequent designation. Described first with 2 included species. Alcock (1891:137 [ref. 87]) says taeniola is not a Gavialiceps, but does not technically fix the type of Gavialiceps as microps. Type selected by Gilbert 1905:586 [ref. 1631]. See Tighe 1989:617 [ref. 13291]. Gavialichthys Golvan 1962 is a nomen nudum that Whtiley 1970:243 [ref. 6601] regards as a lapsus calami for Gavialiceps Alcock. Possibly in Congridae. •Valid as Gavialiceps Alcock 1889 -- (Karrer 1982:52 [ref. 5679], Machida in Masuda et al. 1984:29 [ref. 6441], Karmovskaya 1993:742 [ref. 22018], Smith 1999:1683 [ref. 24661] in Congridae, Hoese & Gates 2006:293 [ref. 28997] in Congridae, Ho et al. 2010:25 [ref. 31218], Zhang et al. 2010:300 [ref. 31511], Fricke et al. 2018:47 [ref. 35805], Lin & Ho 2018:215 [ref. 36047]). Current status: Valid as Gavialiceps Alcock 1889. Congridae: Congrinae. Gnathophis Kaup [J. J.] 1859:7 Masc. Myrophis heterognathos Bleeker 1858. Type by monotypy. •Valid as Gnathophis Kaup 1859 -- (Blache et al. 1973:241 [ref. 7185], Blache & Bauchot 1976:410 [ref. 305], Smith & Kanazawa 1977:534 [ref. 4036], Karrer 1982:21 [ref. 5679], Asano in Masuda et al. 1984:28 [ref. 6441], Bauchot & Saldanha in Whitehead et al. 1986:569 [ref. 13676], Castle 1986:164 [ref. 5644], Paxton et al. 1989:142 [ref. 12442], Smith 1989:521 [ref. 13285], Gomon et al. 1994:213 [ref. 22532], Smith 1999:1684 [ref. 24661], Karmovskaya & Paxton 2000:S2 [ref. 25768], Smith 2003:747 [ref. 26989], Hoese & Gates 2006:293 [ref. 28997], Smith 2008:177 [ref. 30621], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:19 [ref. 36649], Zhang et al. 2010:205 [ref. 31511], Shinohara et al. 2011:39 [ref. 31715], Smith & Stewart 2015:278 [ref. 34234], Fricke et al. 2018:50 [ref. 35805]). Current status: Valid as Gnathophis Kaup 1859. Congridae: Congrinae. Gorgasia Meek [S. E.] & Hildebrand [S. F.] 1923:133 Fem. Gorgasia punctata Meek & Hildebrand 1923. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Gorgasia Meek & Hildebrand 1923 -- (Randall & Chess 1980 [ref. 6924], Robison & Lancraft 1984 [ref. 6812], Asano in Masuda et al. 1984:29 [ref. 6441], Shao 1990 [ref. 19169], Smith 1989:484 [ref. 13285], Tyler & Smith 1992:7 [ref. 13559], Castle 1997:7 [ref. 22878], Castle & Randall 1999:31 [ref. 24042], Castle 1999:407 [ref. 24044], Smith 1999:1682 [ref. 24661], Smith 2002:833 [ref. 26549], Hoese & Gates 2006:295 [ref. 28997], Fricke et al. 2009:20 [ref. 30213], Allen & Erdmann 2010:135 [ref. 30467], Zhang et al. 2010:218 [ref. 31511], Smith & Stewart 2015:282 [ref. 34234], Golani & Fricke 2018:25 [ref. 36273], Fricke et al. 2019:54 [ref. 36673]). Current status: Valid as Gorgasia Meek & Hildebrand 1923. Congridae: Heterocongrinae. Helmichthys Costa [O. G.] 1844:index p. 6 Masc. Helmichthys diaphanus Costa 1844. Type by monotypy. Based on a leptocephalus. Not seen. Pl. 31 is also involved. •Synonym of Conger Oken 1817 -- (see Castle 1969:10 [ref. 12436]). •Synonym of Ariosoma Swainson 1838 -- (Smith 1989:491 [ref. 13285]). Current status: Synonym of Ariosoma Swainson 1838. Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Helmictis Rafinesque [C. S.] 1810:49, 62 Masc. Helmictis punctatus Rafinesque 1810. Type by monotypy. Spelled Helminctis by Bonaparte 1841 and Helminthichthys by Agassiz 1846 (see Smith 1989:514 [ref. 13285] for nomenclatural comments). •Possibly a synonym of Conger Bosc 1817. Current status: Synonym of Conger Bosc 1817. Congridae: Congrinae. Heteroconger Bleeker [P.] 1868:331 Masc. Heteroconger polyzona Bleeker 1868. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Heteroconger Bleeker 1868 -- (Asano in Masuda et al. 1984:29 [ref. 6441], Paxton et al. 1989:142 [ref. 12442], Smith 1989:484 [ref. 13285], Tyler & Smith 1992:5 [ref. 13559], Tyler & Luckhurst 1994:90 [ref. 22552], Castle 1997:6 [ref. 22878], Castle & Randall 1999:12 [ref. 24042], Castle 1999:407 [ref. 24044], Smith 1999:1682 [ref. 24661], Smith 2002:833 [ref. 26549], Smith 2003:745 [ref. 26989], Hoese & Gates 2006:295 [ref. 28997], Fricke et al. 2009:21 [ref. 30213], Imamura 2009:23 [ref. 30434], Allen & Erdmann 2009:135 [ref. 30467], Fricke et al. 2018:50 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:25 [ref. 36273], Koeda et al. 2018:287 [ref. 35946], Fricke et al. 2019:54 [ref. 36673], Allen et al. 2020:8 [ref. 37319]). Current status: Valid as Heteroconger Bleeker 1868. Congridae: Heterocongrinae. Hildebrandia Jordan [D. S.] & Evermann [B. W.] 1927:502 Fem. Congermuraena flava Goode & Bean 1896. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Hildebrandia Jordan & Evermann 1917 -- (Smith & Kanazawa 1977:536 [ref. 4036]). •Synonym of Rhynchoconger Jordan & Hubbs 1925 -- (Smith 1989:525 [ref. 13285]). Current status: Synonym of Rhynchoconger Jordan & Hubbs 1925. Congridae: Congrinae. Isognatha Gill [T. N.] (ex DeKay) 1861:56 Fem. Anguilla oceanica Mitchill 1818. Type by monotypy. •Synonym of Conger Bosc 1817 -- (Blache et al. 1973:239 [ref. 7185], Smith 1989:513 [ref. 13285]). Current status: Synonym of Conger Bosc 1817. Congridae: Congrinae. Japonoconger Asano [H.] 1958:316 Masc. Arisoma [sic] sivicola Matsubara & Ochiai 1951. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Correct genus for type species is Ariosoma. •Valid as Japonoconger Asano 1958 -- (Blache & Bauchot 1976:397 [ref. 305], Smith & Kanazawa 1977:540 [ref. 4036], Asano in Masuda et al. 1984:28 [ref. 6441], Smith 1989:549 [ref. 13285], Smith 1999:1685 [ref. 24661], Smith 2003:749 [ref. 26989], Zhang et al. 2010:211 [ref. 31511], Robertson et al. 2017:32 [ref. 35676]). Current status: Valid as Japonoconger Asano 1958. Congridae: Congrinae. Kenyaconger Smith [D. G.] & Karmovskaya [E. S.] 2003:14 Masc. Kenyaconger heemstrai Smith & Karmovskaya 2003. Type by subsequent designation (and monotypy). •Valid as Kenyaconger Smith & Karmovskaya 2003 -- (Smith 2018:79 [ref. 36039]). Current status: Valid as Kenyaconger Smith & Karmovskaya 2003. Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Lemkea Kotthaus [A.] 1968:33 Fem. Lemkea heterolinea Kotthaus 1968. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Gnathophis Kaup 1859 -- (Blache & Bauchot 1976:411 [ref. 305], Smith 1989:521 [ref. 13285]). Current status: Synonym of Gnathophis Kaup 1859. Congridae: Congrinae. Leptocephalichthys Bleeker [P.] 1856:69 Masc. Leptocephalichthys hypselosoma Bleeker 1856. Type by monotypy. Current status: Uncertain. Congridae: Congrinae. Leptocephalus Scopoli [J. A.] (ex Gronow) 1777:453 Masc. Type by monotypy. Leptocephalus Scopoli placed on Official Index (Direction 87), suppressed for purposes of priority but not homonymy (Opinion 93). Leptocephalus Cuvier 1797 placed on Official Index (Opinion 87) as a junior homonym; Leptocephalus of Gmelin in Linnaeus 1789:1130 and Gronovius 1763:135 also placed on Official Index (Direction 87). •In the synonymy of Conger Bosc 1817, but some species of uncertain status are retained for now in "Leptocephalus". Current status: Synonym of Conger Bosc 1817. Congridae: Congrinae. Leptocephalus Gronow [L. T.] 1763:135 Masc. Not available, published in a rejected work on Official Index (Opinion 261). Suppressed. Congridae: Congrinae. Lumiconger Castle [P. H. J.] & Paxton [J. R.] 1984:73 Masc. Lumiconger arafura Castle & Paxton 1984. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Lumiconger Castle & Paxton 1984 -- (Paxton et al. 1989:142 [ref. 12442], Smith 1989:512 [ref. 13285], Smith 1999:1685 [ref. 24661], Hoese & Gates 2006:296 [ref. 28997]). Current status: Valid as Lumiconger Castle & Paxton 1984. Congridae: Congrinae. Macrocephenchelys Fowler [H. W.] 1934:275 Fem. Macrocephenchelys brachialis Fowler 1934. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Has been placed in its own family Macrocephenchelyidae; now placed in the Congridae -- (see McCosker et al. 1989:256 [ref. 13288], also Smith 1989:512 [ref. 13285]). •Valid as Macrocephenchelys Fowler 1934 -- (Robins & Robins 1971 [ref. 7127], Karrer 1982:48 [ref. 5679], Castle 1990 [ref. 15487], Smith 1999:1685 [ref. 24661], Hoese & Gates 2006:296 [ref. 28997], Ho et al. 2010:23 [ref. 31218], Lin et al. 2018:187 [ref. 36045], Kodeeswaran et al. 2023:1 [ref. 40191]). Current status: Valid as Macrocephenchelys Fowler 1934. Congridae: Congrinae. Microcephalocongrus (subgenus of Bathycongrus) Fowler [H. W.] 1934:270 Masc. Bathycongrus megalops Fowler 1934. Type by original designation. •Valid as Microcephalocongrus Fowler 1934 -- (Smith 1989:512 [ref. 13285]). •Synonym of Bathycongrus Ogilby 1898 -- (Castle 1995:710 [22123], Karmovskaya & Smith 2008:27 [ref. 29972], Smith & Ho 2018:120 [ref. 36042]). Current status: Synonym of Bathycongrus Ogilby 1898. Congridae: Congrinae. Microconger (subgenus of Leptocephalus) Fowler [H. W.] 1912:9 Masc. Leptocephalus caudalis Fowler 1912. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Conger Bosc1817 -- (Blache et al. 1973:239 [ref. 7185], Smith 1989:513 [ref. 13285]). Current status: Synonym of Conger Bosc 1817. Congridae: Congrinae. Morris Berkenhout [J.] 1789:65 See Castle 1969:9 [ref. 12436]. Not available, no addition of species, not sufficiently diagnosed, and no sufficient indication. Based on the 'Morris' of Pennant 1769:125, pl. 8 [ref. 18527]. •In the synonymy of Conger Bosc 1817. Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Conger Bosc 1817. Congridae: Congrinae. Nesocongrus Whitley [G. P.] 1935:219 Masc. Congermuraena howensis McCulloch & Waite 1916. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Ariosoma Swainson 1838 -- (Blache et al. 1973:241 [ref. 7185], Smith 1989:492 [ref. 13285]). Current status: Synonym of Ariosoma Swainson 1838. Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Nystactes Böhlke [J. E.] 1957:68 Masc. Nystactes halis Böhlke 1957. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Nystactes Gloger 1827 in Aves and Nystactes Kaup 1829 in Mammalia; replaced by Nystactichthys Böhlke 1958. •In the synonymy of Heteroconger Bleeker 1868 -- (Smith 1989:484 [ref. 13285], Castle & Randall 1999:3 [ref. 24042]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Heteroconger Bleeker 1868. Congridae: Heterocongrinae. Nystactichthys Böhlke [J. E.] 1958:59 Masc. Nystactes halis Böhlke 1957. Type by being a replacement name. Replacement for Nystactes Böhlke 1957, preoccupied by Nystactes Gloger 1827 in Aves and Nystactes Kaup 1829 in Mammalia. •Synonym of Taenioconger Herre 1923 -- (Blache & Bauchot 1976:427 [ref. 305]). •Synonym of Heteroconger Bleeker 1868 -- (Smith 1989:485 [ref. 13285], Castle & Randall 1999:12 [ref. 24042]). Current status: Synonym of Heteroconger Bleeker 1868. Congridae: Heterocongrinae. Ophisoma (subgenus of Anguilla) Swainson [W.] 1839:334, 396 Neut. Ophisoma acuta Swainson 1839. Type by subsequent designation. Described first as Ariosoma Swainson 1838:220 [ref. 4302], name changed to Ophisoma in 1839 [ref. 4303]. Type apparently designated first by Bleeker 1864:20 [not O. obtusa as designated by Swain 1883:287]. •Objective synonym of Ariosoma Swainson 1838 -- (Blache et al. 1973:240 [ref. 7185], Smith 1989:491 [ref. 13285], Shen 1998:8 [ref. 23445]). Current status: Synonym of Ariosoma Swainson 1838. Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Oxyurus Rafinesque [C. S.] 1810:19 Masc. Oxyurus vermiformis Rafinesque 1810. Type by monotypy. Status uncertain, based on leptocephalus, probably of Conger -- (Castle 1969:9 [ref. 12436]). Current status: Uncertain. Congridae: Congrinae. Parabathymyrus Kamohara [T.] 1938:14 Masc. Parabathymyrus macrophthalmus Kamohara 1938. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Parabathymyrus Kamohara 1938 -- (Smith & Kanazawa 1977:531 [ref. 4036], Karrer 1982:15 [ref. 5679], Asano in Masuda et al. 1984:27 [ref. 6441], Smith 1989:503 [ref. 13285], Karmovskaya 1991:895 [ref. 19225], Smith 1999:1682 [ref. 24661], Smith 2003:745 [ref. 26989], Smith & Karmovskaya 2003:1 [ref. 27189], Zhang et al. 2010:188 [ref. 31511] as Parabathymurus, Ho et al. 2015:131 [ref. 34129], Fricke et al. 2018:50 [ref. 35805], Smith 2018:79 [ref. 36039]). Current status: Valid as Parabathymyrus Kamohara 1938. Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Paraconger Kanazawa [R. H.] 1961:4 Masc. Echelus caudilimbatus Poey 1867. Type by original designation. •Valid as Paraconger Kanazawa 1961 -- (Blache et al. 1973:242 [ref. 7185], Blache & Bauchot 1976:380 [ref. 305], Bauchot & Saldanha in Whitehead et al. 1986:571 [ref. 13676], Smith 1989:506 [ref. 13285], Smith 2003:746 [ref. 26989], Smith & Karmovskaya 2003:1 [ref. 27189], Smith 2018:79 [ref. 36039], Moreno-Borges et al. 2019:90 [ref. 36587]). Current status: Valid as Paraconger Kanazawa 1961. Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Paraxenomystax Reid [E. D.] 1940:1 Masc. Paraxenomystax bidentatus Reid 1940. Type by original designation. •Synonym of Xenomystax Gilbert 1891 -- (Smith 1989:558 [ref. 13285]). Current status: Synonym of Xenomystax Gilbert 1891. Congridae: Congrinae. Paruroconger Blache [J.] & Bauchot [M.-L.] 1976:413 Masc. Paruroconger drachi Blache & Bauchot 1976. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Very close to Uroconger Kaup 1856 -- (Smith 1989:545 [ref. 13285]). •Valid as Paruroconger Blache & Bauchot 1976 -- (Smith 2016:1693 [ref. 34556]). Current status: Valid as Paruroconger Blache & Bauchot 1976. Congridae: Congrinae. Poeciloconger Günther [A.] 1872:673 Masc. Poeciloconger fasciatus Günther 1872. Type by monotypy. Spelled Poecilogonger once on p. 673 (regarded as a typographical error), as Poecilogonger in main genus heading and on Pl. 68; misspelled Poecilogconger in Jordan 1923:131 [ref. 2421]. •Valid as Poeciloconger Günther 1872 -- (Smith 1989:511 [ref. 13285], Castle 1990 [ref. 15487], Smith 1999:1683 [ref. 24661], Hoese & Gates 2006:296 [ref. 28997]). •Synonym of Ariosoma Swainson 1838 -- (Shen 1998:106 [ref. 24932], Mundy 2005:139 [ref. 28379], Randall 2005:27 [ref. 28239], Ho et al. 2015:144 [ref. 34130]). Current status: Synonym of Ariosoma Swainson 1838. Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Poutawa Griffin [L. T.] 1936:16 Fem. Congrus habenatus Richardson 1848. Two included species, neither technically designated type, but clear from text that genus was intended for habenatus; unfortunately name is apparently unavailable (Art. 13.3). Derivation of name not given; treated as feminine by author. Apparently can date to Zoological Record for 1936:72 where citation to Griffin is provided and a type is designated. •Synonym of Gnathophis Kaup 1859 -- (Blache et al. 1973:242 [ref. 7185], Smith 1989:521 [ref. 13285], Karmovskaya & Paxton 2000:S2 [ref. 25768]). Current status: Synonym of Gnathophis Kaup 1859. Congridae: Congrinae. Promyllantor Alcock [A. W.] 1890:310 Masc. Promyllantor purpureus Alcock 1890. Type by monotypy. •Valid as Promyllantor Alcock 1890 -- (Blache et al. 1973:243 [ref. 7185], Castle 1995:710 [ref. 22123], Smith 1999:1685 [ref. 24661]). Current status: Valid as Promyllantor Alcock 1890. Congridae: Congrinae. Pseudophichthys Roule [L.] 1915:283 Masc. Pseudophichthys latedorsalis Roule 1915. Type by monotypy. Also appeared in Roule 1916:4 [ref. 3818]. Synonym of Promyllantor Alcock 1890 -- (Blache et al. 1973:243 [ref. 7185]). •Valid as Pseudophichthys Roule 1915 -- (Blache & Bauchot 1976:417 [ref. 305], Bauchot & Saldanha in Whitehead et al. 1986:572 [ref. 13676], Smith 1989:551 [ref. 13285], Castle 1995:714 [ref. 22123], Smith 2003:749 [ref. 26989], Bañón et al. 2011:262 [ref. 31676], Bañón et al. 2016:304 [ref. 34397]). Current status: Valid as Pseudophichthys Roule 1915. Congridae: Congrinae. Pseudoxenomystax Breder [C. M., Jr.] 1927:6 Masc. Pseudoxenomystax dubius Breder 1927. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Pseudoxenomystax Breder 1927 -- (Cervigón et al. 1980 [ref. 5421]). •Synonym of Rhechias Jordan 1921 -- (Smith 1989:532 [ref. 13285]). •Synonym of Bathycongrus Ogilby 1898 -- (Karmovskaya & Smith 2008:27 [ref. 29972], Smith & Ho 2018:120 [ref. 36042]). Current status: Synonym of Bathycongrus Ogilby 1898. Congridae: Congrinae. Rhechias Jordan [D. S.] 1921:644 Masc. Rhechias armiger Jordan 1921. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Rhechias Jordan 1921 -- (Smith & Kanazawa 1977:538 [ref. 4036], Karrer 1982:29 [ref. 5679], Asano in Masuda et al. 1984:28 [ref. 6441], Castle 1986:165 [ref. 5644], Smith 1989:532 [ref. 13285], Machida et al. 1994 [ref. 22167], Zhang et al. 2010:213 [ref. 31511]). •Synonym of Bathycongrus Ogilby 1898 -- (Castle in Smith 1994:6 [ref. 21917], Castle 1995:709 [ref. 22123], Castle & Smith 1999:973 [ref. 25141], Karmovskaya & Smith 2008:27 [ref. 29972], Smith & Ho 2018:119 [ref. 36042]). Current status: Synonym of Bathycongrus Ogilby 1898. Congridae: Congrinae. Rhynchoconger Jordan [D. S.] & Hubbs [C. L.] 1925:192, 196 Masc. Leptocephalus ectenurus Jordan & Richardson 1909. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Rhynchoconger Jordan & Hubbs 1925 -- (Asano in Masuda et al. 1984:28 [ref. 6441], Paxton et al. 1989:142 [ref. 12442], Smith 1989:525 [ref. 13285], Ben-Tuvia 1993:352 [ref. 21130], Castle 1995:712 [22123], Smith 1999:1685 [ref. 24661], Castle & Smith 1999:973 [ref. 25141], Smith 2003:748 [ref. 26989], Hoese & Gates 2006:296 [ref. 28997], Zhang et al. 2010:207 [ref. 31511], Caires & Figueiredo 2011:370 [ref. 31202], Golani & Fricke 2018:26 [ref. 36273], Mohapatra et al. 2022:1 [ref. 39271], Acharya et al. 2022:188 [ref. 39489], Kodeeswaran et al. 2023:1 [ref. 40082]). Current status: Valid as Rhynchoconger Jordan & Hubbs 1925. Congridae: Congrinae. Rhynchocymba Jordan [D. S.] & Hubbs [C. L.] 1925:192, 195 Fem. Leptocephalus nystromi Jordan & Snyder 1901. Type by original designation. •Synonym of Gnathophis Kaup 1859 -- (Blache et al. 1973:242 [ref. 7185], Smith 1989:521 [ref. 13285]). Current status: Synonym of Gnathophis Kaup 1859. Congridae: Congrinae. Rostroconger Smith [D. G.] 2018:79 Masc. Rostroconger macrouriceps Smith 2018. Type by original diagnosis (and monotypy). •Valid as Rostroconger Smith 2018. Current status: Valid as Rostroconger Smith 2018. Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Scalanago Whitley [G. P.] 1935:217 Masc. Scalanago lateralis Whitley 1935. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Scalanago Whitley 1935 -- (Paxton et al. 1989:143 [ref. 12442], Smith 1989:511 [ref. 13285], Gomon et al. 1994:214 [ref. 22532], Smith 1999:1684 [ref. 24661], Hoese & Gates 2006:297 [ref. 28997], Smith 2008:179 [ref. 30621], Smith & Stewart 2015:283 [ref. 34234]). Current status: Valid as Scalanago Whitley 1935. Congridae: Congrinae. Silvesterina Fowler [H. W.] 1934:274 Fem. Silvesterina parvibranchialis Fowler 1934. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Silvesterina Fowler 1934 -- (Smith 1989:512 [ref. 13285]). •Synonym of Bathyuroconger Fowler 1934 -- (Smith et al. 2018:148 [ref. 36043]). Current status: Synonym of Bathyuroconger Fowler 1934. Congridae: Congrinae. Taenioconger Herre [A. W. C. T.] 1923:152 Masc. Taenioconger chapmani Herre 1923. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Misspelled Taeniconger by Jordan 1923:131 [ref. 2421]. •Valid as Taenioconger Herre 1923 -- (Blache & Bauchot 1976:423 [ref. 305], Bauchot & Saldanha in Whitehead et al. 1986:573 [ref. 13676]). •Synonym of Heteroconger Bleeker 1868 -- (Smith 1989:484 [ref. 13285], Castle & Randall 1999:12 [ref. 24042]). Current status: Synonym of Heteroconger Bleeker 1868. Congridae: Heterocongrinae. Thalassenchelys Castle [P. H. J.] & Raju [S. N.] 1975:8 Fem. Thalassenchelys foliaceus Castle & Raju 1975. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Originally in the Chlopsidae. López et al. 2007:959 [ref. 29442] put in Colocongridae on DNA evidence. •Placement uncertain -- (Lavenberg 1988:253 [ref. 6617]). •Valid as Thalassenchelys Castle & Raju 1975 -- (Shimokawa et al. 1995:89 [ref. 22702], López et al. 2007:959 [ref. 29442]). •Synonym of Congriscus Jordan & Hubbs 1925 -- (Kurogi et al. 2015:[1] 239 [ref. 34038]). Current status: Synonym of Congriscus Jordan & Hubbs 1925. Congridae: Congrinae. Thyreoconger Wade [C. B.] 1946:188 Masc. Thyreoconger hemiaspidus Wade 1946. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Ariosoma Swainson 1838 -- (Blache et al. 1973:241 [ref. 7185], Smith 1989:492 [ref. 13285]). Current status: Synonym of Ariosoma Swainson 1838. Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Uranoconger Fowler [H. W.] 1934:274 Masc. Uranoconger odontostomus Fowler 1934. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Mentioned in passing -- (Smith 1989:512 [ref. 13285]). •Synonym of Bathycongrus Ogilby 1898 -- (Castle 1995:709 [ref. 22123], Karmovskaya & Smith 2008:27 [ref. 29972], Smith & Ho 2018:120 [ref. 36042]). Current status: Synonym of Bathycongrus Ogilby 1898. Congridae: Congrinae. Uroconger Kaup [J. J.] 1856:71 Masc. Congrus lepturus Richardson 1845. Type by monotypy. Also in Kaup 1857:110 [ref. 2573]. •Valid as Uroconger Kaup 1856 -- (Karrer 1982:27 [ref. 5679], Asano in Masuda et al. 1984:29 [ref. 6441], Castle 1986:165 [ref. 5644], Smith 1989:545 [ref. 13285], Castle 1995:709 [ref. 22123], Smith 1999:1684 [ref. 24661], Castle & Smith 1999:973 [ref. 25141], Smith 2003:747 [ref. 26989], Hoese & Gates 2006:297 [ref. 28997], Imamura 2009:23 [ref. 30434], Zhang et al. 2010:216 [ref. 31511], Motomura et al. 2017:38 [ref. 35490], Fricke et al. 2018:50 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:26 [ref. 36273]). Current status: Valid as Uroconger Kaup 1856. Congridae: Congrinae. Veternio Snyder [J. O.] 1904:516 Masc. Veternio verrens Snyder 1904. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Treated as masculine, Art. 30.2.4. •Synonym of Conger Bosc 1817 -- (Smith 1989:513 [ref. 13285]). Current status: Synonym of Conger Bosc 1817. Congridae: Congrinae. Xarifania Klausewitz [W.] & Eibl-Eibesfeldt [I.] 1959:137 Fem. Xarifania hassi Klausewitz & Eibl-Eibesfeldt 1959. Type by original designation. •Valid as Xarifania Klausewitz & Eibl-Eibesfeldt 1959 -- (Klausewitz & von Hentig 1975 [ref. 7093]). •Synonym of Heteroconger Bleeker 1868 -- (Smith 1989:485 [ref. 13285], Castle & Randall 1999:12 [ref. 24042]). Current status: Synonym of Heteroconger Bleeker 1868. Congridae: Heterocongrinae. Xenomystax Gilbert [C. H.] 1891:348 Masc. Xenomystax atrarius Gilbert 1891. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Also appeared in Gilbert in Jordan & Davis 1891 (month uncertain):648 [ref. 2437]. •Valid as Xenomystax Gilbert 1891 -- (Smith 1989:558 [ref. 13285], Smith 1999:1683 [ref. 24661], Smith 2003:746 [ref. 26989], Robertson et al. 2017:32 [ref. 35676]). Current status: Valid as Xenomystax Gilbert 1891. Congridae: Congrinae. |