Please look in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes for authorships of sections, Families of Fishes (all), and related information.

Species in the family or subfamily Cyprinidae: [ 3188 ] records

abbreviatus, Cyprinus Richardson [J.] 1846:292 [Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 15th meeting [1845]; ref. 3742] Canton, China. No types known. Based solely on illustration by Reeves (see Whitehead 1970:209, Pl. 12c [ref. 11606]). •Synonym of Carassius auratus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 2013:85 [ref. 32989]). •Not treated by Zhang et al. 2016:83 [ref. 34477] Current status: Synonym of Carassius auratus (Linnaeus 1758). Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater.

abhoyai, Garra Hora [S. L.] 1921:664, Pl. 26 (figs. 1, 1a-b) [Records of the Indian Museum (Calcutta) v. 22 (pt 5, no. 29); ref. 15314] Manipur, Assam and the neighbourhood of Ukhral, Naga Hills, India, elevation 6000 feet. Holotype: ZSI F5307/1. Paratypes: ZSI F5308/1 (1), F5309/1 (1). Type catalog: Menon & Yazdani 1968:111 [ref. 20743]. See Das 2003:357 [ref. 27706] as abhayai. •Synonym of Garra rupecula (McClelland 1839) -- (Talwar & Jhingran 1991:432 [ref. 20764], Vishwanath 1993:61 [ref. 22063], Menon 1999:151 [ref. 24904]). •Valid as Garra abhoyai Hora 1921 -- (Vishwanath & Linthoingambi 2008:101 [ref. 30107], Nebeshwar et al. 2009:201 [ref. 30177], Shangningam & Vishwanath 2012:2 [ref. 31861], Kottelat 2013:103 [ref. 32989], Arunachalam et al. 2013:62 [ref. 33195], Arunachalam et al. 2013:121 [ref. 33196], Arunachalam et al. 2014:64 [ref. 33404], Arunachalam & Nandagopal 2014:49 [ref. 33405], Nebeshwar & Vishwanath 2015:320 [ref. 33758], Thoni et al. 2016:129 [ref. 34747] as abhoyi, Roni et al. 2017:372 [ref. 35205], Nebeshwar & Vishwanath 2017:49 [ref. 35484], Roni & Vishwanath 2018:271 [ref. 35749], Deng et al. 2018:104 [ref. 36132], Moyon & Arunkumar 2018:112 [ref. 36388], Arunkumar & Moyon 2019:289 [ref. 36801]). Current status: Valid as Garra abhoyai Hora 1921. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Chindwin River basin, Manipur, India. Habitat: freshwater.

ablabes, Puntius (Barbodes) Bleeker [P.] 1863:114, Pl. 23 (fig. 1) [Natuurkundige Verhandelingen van de Hollandsche Maatschappij der Wetenschappen te Haarlem (Ser. 2) v. 18 (1862); ref. 395] Dabo Crom, Guinea. Syntypes: RMNH 2466 (2). Misspelled ablades by Pellegrin 1921:635 [ref. 30437]. •Valid as Barbus ablabes (Bleeker 1863) -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:219 [ref. 6186], Lévêque 1989:211 [ref. 13471], Lévêque 1989:176 [ref. 12829], Lévêque et al. 1989:116 [ref. 26480], Paugy & Bénech 1989:301 [ref. 26478], Lévêque in Lévêque et al. 1990:350 [ref. 21589], Paugy et al. 1990:338 [ref. 26477], Lévèque et al. 1991:140 [ref. 31367], Dankwa et al. 1999:28 [ref. 28023], De Weirdt et al. 2007:501 [ref. 30024], Bamba et al. 2011:52 [ref. 31488] in 'Barbus', Pezold et al. 2016:104 [ref. 34870] in 'Barbus'). •Valid as Enteromius ablabes (Bleeker 1863) -- (Yang et al. 2015:112 [ref. 33694], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:351 [ref. 35417]). Current status: Valid as Enteromius ablabes (Bleeker 1863). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: West-central Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

aboinensis, Barbus Boulenger [G. A.] 1911:369 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 8) v. 8 (no. 45) (art. 45); ref. 14782] Omalu, headwaters of Aboina River, tributary of Cross River, southern Nigeria. Syntypes: (numerous) BMNH 1911.3.30.23-32 (orig. 18), USNM 86631 (1). •Valid as Barbus aboinensis Boulenger 1911 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:220 [ref. 6186], Lévêque 1989:211 [ref. 13471], Lévêque in Lévêque et al. 1990:346 [ref. 21589], De Weirdt et al. 2007:5035 [ref. 30024]). •Valid as Enteromius aboinensis (Boulenger 1911) -- (Yang et al. 2015:112 [ref. 33694], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:351 [ref. 35417]). Current status: Valid as Enteromius aboinensis (Boulenger 1911). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: West-central Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

abramioides, Cyprinus Sykes [W. H.] 1839:158 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1838 (pt 6) (for 27 Nov. 1838); ref. 18720] Deccan, India. No types known. Appeared first as above, then in Sykes 1839:55 [ref. 4306]; more complete treatment in Sykes 1841:353, Pl. 61 (fig. 2) [ref. 18868]. •Synonym of Catla catla (Hamilton 1822) -- (Menon 1999:119 [ref. 24904], Bănărescu in Bănărescu & Paepke 2002:183 [ref. 25856]). •Synonym of Gibelion catla (Hamilton 1822). •Synonym of Labeo catla (Hamilton 1822). Current status: Synonym of Labeo catla (Hamilton 1822). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

abyssinica, Dillonia Heckel [J. J.] 1847:329 [Reisen in Europa, Asien und Africa v. 2 (pt 3); ref. 2068] Unneeded new name for Chondrostoma dillonii Valenciennes 1844. •Synonym of Varicorhinus beso Rüppell 1835 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:337 [ref. 6186]). •Synonym of Labeobarbus beso (Rüppell 1835) -- (Vreven et al. 2016:56 [ref. 34168]). Current status: Synonym of Labeobarbus beso (Rüppell 1835). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Habitat: freshwater.

acanthopterus, Scaphiodontopsis Fowler [H. W.] 1934:119, Figs. 74-75 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 86; ref. 1417] Sop Lao, Nam Luang River, Southern Shan States, Myanmar. Holotype: ANSP 58065. Paratypes: ANSP 58066-74 (9). Additional material (11). Type catalog: Monkolprasit 1969:14 [ref. 25088] with no locality, Böhlke 1984:68 [ref. 13621]. •Valid as Varicorhinus acanthopterus (Fowler 1934) -- (Wu et al. 1977:320 [ref. 4807], Chu & Cui in Chu & Chen 1989:222 [ref. 13584], Zhu 1995:61 [ref. 25213], Chen in Chen 1998:162 [ref. 23556]). •Synonym of Scaphiodonichthys burmanicus Vinceguerra 1890 -- (Talwar & Jhingran 1991:179 [ref. 20764]). •Valid as Scaphiodonichthys acanthopterus (Fowler 1934) -- (Rainboth 1996:99 [ref. 22772], Shan 1997:13 [ref. 25091], Kottelat 1998:56 [ref. 23436], Shan et al. in Yue 2000:149 [ref. 25272], Kottelat 2001:40 [ref. 25482], Kottelat 2001:79 [ref. 25780], Kottellat 2013:159 [ref. 32989], Kottelat 2015:43 [ref. 33971], Zhang et al. 2016:98 [ref. 34477], Fu et al. 2021:9570 [ref. 39347], Taki et al. 2021:148 [ref. 39830]). Current status: Valid as Scaphiodonichthys acanthopterus (Fowler 1934). Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Distribution: Southeast Asia, East Asia: Myanmar to Vietnam and Yunnan (China). IUCN (2012): Least Concern. Habitat: freshwater.

acerus, Paracrossochilus Inger [R. F.] & Chin [P. K.] 1962:100, Fig. 47 [Fieldiana Zoology v. 45; ref. 12303] Sungei Dapu River, small tributary of the Baleh River, Third Division, Sarawak state, Borneo, East Malaysia. Holotype: FMNH 68240. Paratypes: Banarescu coll. [ex FMNH 68241] (3); FMNH 44783 (2), 45854-55 (2, 2), 68241-46 (450 or 473, 101 or 9, 10, 2, 6), 68582 (3); ZRC 942 (5). Type catalog: Alfred 1970:71 [ref. 23931], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:63 [ref. 12367]. •Valid as Paracrossochilus acerus Inger & Chin 1962 -- (Bănărescu 1986:157 [ref. 8112], Roberts 1989:57 [ref. 6439], Kottelat et al. 1993:41 [ref. 23448], Kottelat & Lim 1996:232 [ref. 23210], Doi 1997:10 [ref. 22832], Martin-Smith & Tan 1998:583 [ref. 23647], Parenti & Lim 2005:183 [ref. 28285], Kottelat 2013:138 [ref. 32989], Sulaiman et al. 2018:29 [ref. 35802], Kottelat 2020:169 [ref. 37410]). Current status: Valid as Paracrossochilus acerus Inger & Chin 1962. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Borneo. Habitat: freshwater.

acinaces, Cyprinion Banister [K. E.] & Clarke [M. A.] 1977:123, Fig. 13; Pls. 2, 5, 6 [Journal Oman Studies (Special Report); ref. 7232] Qasam area, Wadi Hadramut, southern Yemen. Holotype: BMNH 1976.4.7.1. Paratypes: BMNH 1976.4.7.2-30 (29), 1976.4.7.31-35 (5), 1976.4.7.36-38 (3), 1976.4.7.39-41 (3), 1976.4.7.158-161 (4), 1976.4.7.162-164 (3). •Valid as Cyprinion acinaces Banister & Clarke 1977 -- (Alkahem & Behnke 1983:555 [ref. 8384], Krupp 1983:583 [ref. 8320], Coad 1996:84 [ref. 25304], Nasri et al. 2016:259 [ref. 34951], Freyhof et al. 2020:132 [ref. 37658], Esmaeili & Hamidan 2023:208 [ref. 40377], Çiçek et al. 2024:140 [ref. 40789], Esmaeili et al. 2024:4 [ref. 40903]). Current status: Valid as Cyprinion acinaces Banister & Clarke 1977. Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Distribution: Middle East: western Saudi Arabia and Yemen. Habitat: freshwater.

acra, Cyprinus Hamilton [F.] 1822:284, 386 [An account of the fishes found in the river Ganges; ref. 2031] Sunkos River, northeastern Bengal, India. No types known. Subjective synonym of Cyprinus baja Hamilton 1822; first revisor Day 1877:542 gave precedence to bata. •Synonym of Labeo bata (Hamilton 1822) -- (Menon 1999:126 [ref. 24904], Kottelat 2013:115 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Labeo bata (Hamilton 1822). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater.

aculeatum, Chondrostoma Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1844:408 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 17; ref. 1010] Iran. Lectotype: MNHN 0000-2357. Paralectotypes: MNHN 1960-0611 [ex MNHN 0000-2357] (5). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:44 [ref. 19574]. Lectotype selected by Coad & Krupp 1994:63 [ref. 23605]. •Synonym of Capoeta capoeta (Güldenstädt 1773), but a valid subspecies aculeata (Valenciennes 1844) -- (Bianco & Bănărescu 1982:85 [ref. 8508]). •Valid as Capoeta aculeata (Valenciennes 1844) -- (Coad 1991:15 [ref. 15702], Coad & Krupp 1994:63 [ref. 23605], Coad 1995:13 [ref. 23608], Coad 1996:71 [ref. 25297], Turan et al. 2006:154 [ref. 28700], Özuluğ & Freyhof 2008:293 [ref. 29981], Coad 2010:147 [ref. 36620], Esmaeili et al. 2010:368 [ref. 33391], Levin et al. 2012:544 [ref. 33912], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:867 [ref. 34062], Teimori et al. 2015:90 [ref. 34095], Zareian et al. 2016:140 [ref. 34227], Esmaeili et al. 2016:42 [ref. 34283], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2016:169 [ref. 34989], Esmaeili et al. 2017:38 [ref. 35254], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2017:152 [ref. 35425], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2017:152 [ref. 35538], Zareian et al. 2017:17 [ref. 35636], Esmaeili et al. 2018:18 [ref. 36089], Levin et al. 2019:39 [ref. 36600], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:38 [ref. 37983], Çiçek et al. 2024:153 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Capoeta aculeata (Valenciennes 1844). Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Distribution: Middle East: Namak Lake and Kavir basins (Iran). Habitat: freshwater.

acuminatus, Cyprinus Richardson [J.] 1846:289 [Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 15th meeting [1845]; ref. 3742] Canton, China. Neotype: Kiel Univ. Based solely on illustration by Reeves (see Whitehead 1970:209, Pl. 13b [ref. 11606]). Neotype designated by Kottelat 2001:19 [ref. 25482]. •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Zheng et al. 1989:232 [ref. 21202], Wu & Wu 1992:516 [ref. 21205], Luo & Yue in Yue 2000:411 [ref. 25272], Barus et al. in Bănărescu & Paepke 2002:86 [ref. 25856]). •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758, subspecies rubrofuscus Lacepède 1803 -- (Chen & Huang 1977:414 [ref. 8497]). •Valid as Carassioides acuminatus (Richardson 1846) -- (Kottelat 2001:19 [ref. 25482], Kottelat 2013:84 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Valid as Carassioides acuminatus (Richardson 1846). Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: East Asia: Vietnam and southern China, including Hainan (China). IUCN (2012): Least Concern. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

acuminatus, Cyprinus Heckel [J. J.] & Kner [R.] 1857:58, Fig. 22 [Die Süsswasserfische der Österreichischen Monarchie; ref. 2078] Danube River, Neusiedler Lake and Plattensee (Balaton Lake), Austria and Hungary. Syntypes: NMW 52846 (2), 52854-55 (1, 1), 52927-29 (1, 1, 1), 52950 (9), 53403 (2). Type catalog: Palandačić et al. 2024:291 [ref. 41191]. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Cyprinus acuminatus Richardson 1846. •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Berg 1949:831 [ref. 20661], Kottelat 1997:57 [ref. 22952], Kottelat 2013:94 [ref. 32989], Palandačić et al. 2024:293 [ref. 41191]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

acuticeps, Barbus Matthes [H.] 1959:62 [Folia Scientifica Africae Centralis v. 5 (no. 3); ref. 11929] River Nyawarongo, Rwanda (±2°26'S, 30°21'E). Holotype: MRAC 130313. Paratypes: MRAC 130310 (1), 130311-12 (2), 130314 (1). •Valid as Barbus acuticeps Matthes 1959 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:220 [ref. 6186], De Vos & Thys van den Audenaerde 1990:15 [ref. 17656]). •Valid as Labeobarbus acuticeps (Matthes 1959) -- (Banyankimbona et al. 2012:276 [ref. 34113], Vreven et al. 2016:53 [ref. 34168]). Current status: Valid as Labeobarbus acuticeps (Matthes 1959). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Distribution: East Africa: Rwanda and Burundi. Habitat: freshwater.

acuticeps, Poropuntius bolovenensis Roberts [T. R.] 1998:125, Figs. 5-6 [Natural History Bulletin of the Siam Society v. 46 (no. 1); ref. 23549] Xe Nam Noi, 300 meters downstream from primary dam site of Xe Nam Noi-Xe-Pian, Bolovens Plateau, Sekong watershead, southern Laos. Holotype: CAS 94255. Paratypes: CAS 94256 (1). Described as an intraspecific trophic morph. Not available; see comments under Poropuntius bolovenensis Roberts 1998. Regarded as infrasubspecific and unavailable by Kottelat 2000:46 [ref. 25040]. Kottelat renamed this morph as the species Poropuntius consternans with the same type specimens. •Not available, infrasubspecific -- (Kottelat 2013:144 [ref. 32989] in synonymy of Poropuntius consternans). •In the synonymy of Poropuntius deauratus (Valenciennes 1842). Infrasubspecific. Current status: Synonym of Poropuntius deauratus (Valenciennes 1842). Cyprinidae: Cyprininae.

acutidorsalis, Cyprinus Chen [H.-L.] & Huang [H.-Q.] (ex Wang) in Wu 1977:410, Pls. 8-10 [The cyprinid fishes of China v. 2; ref. 8497] Guangxi, Qinzhou, China. Syntypes: IHB 75V3943-3947 3962 (6). Second author also seen as Hwang. Probably the same as Cyprinus acutidorsalis Wang 1979, then this species dates to Chen & Huang 1977. •Species inquirenda as Cyprinus acutidorsalis Chen & Huang 1977 -- (Kottelat 2013:93 [ref. 32989]). •Valid as Cyprinus acutidorsalis Wang 1979 -- (Chen & Huang 1977:410 [ref. 8497], Kuang in Kuang et al. 1986:138 [ref. 26639], Liu in Pan et al. 1991:224 [ref. 23876], Zhu 1995:98 [ref. 25213], Luo & Yue in Yue 2000:409 [ref. 25272], Zhang et al. 2016:84 [ref. 34477]). Current status: Valid as Cyprinus acutidorsalis Chen & Huang 1977. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: East Asia: Qingjiang River (Guangxi, China); Hainan (China). IUCN (2023): Endangered. Habitat: freshwater.

acutidorsalis, Cyprinus Wang [Y.-H.] 1979:424, Fig. 1 [Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica v. 6 (no. 4); ref. 8771] Lecheng, Qionghai, Hainan Island, China. Holotype: XFCFC [Xiamen Fisheries College] 65-1821. Paratypes: ECSFRI and XFCFC 65-0801 (1), 65-1822 to 1823 (1, 1), 66-2816 to 2817 (1, 1), 66-3126 (1), 66-3393 (1), 66-3568 (1), 66-3571 (1), 66-3573 (1), SH-15193 (1). If a different species, a junior primary homonym of Cyprinus acutidorsalis Chen & Huang 1977, permanently invalid. •Valid as Cyprinus acutidorsalis Wang 1979 -- (Chen & Huang 1977:410 [ref. 8497], Kuang in Kuang et al. 1986:138 [ref. 26639], Liu in Pan et al. 1991:224 [ref. 23876], Zhu 1995:98 [ref. 25213], Luo & Yue in Yue 2000:409 [ref. 25272], Zhang et al. 2016:84 [ref. 34477]). •Synonym of Cyprinus acutidorsalis Chen & Hwang 1977 -- (Kottelat 2013:93 [ref. 32989]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus acutidorsalis Chen & Huang 1977. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater.

acutirostris, Barbus brunellii Bini [G.] 1940:174, Pl. 10 [Missione di Studio al Lago Tana, Roma v. 3; ref. 13041] Debre Mariam (locality 1), Lake Tana, Ethiopia (11°38'N, 37°24'E). Neotype: RMNH 32870. Subspecific name spelled acutirostis on Pl. 10; also says "n. sp." after trinominal on Pl. 10 and "sp. nova." on p. 174. Original 8 syntypes lost, neotype designated by Nagelkerke & Sibbing 1997:130 [ref. 23829]. Name appears first on p. 161. •Synonym of Barbus intermedius Rüppell 1835 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:254 [ref. 6186]). •Synonym of Barbus brunellii Bini 1940, but a valid subspecies acutirostris Bini 1940 -- (Mina et al. 1996:387 [ref. 38254]). •Valid as Barbus acutirostris Bini 1940 -- (Nagelkerke & Sibbing 1997:130 [ref. 23829], Nagelkerke & Sibbing 1998:5 [ref. 23807], Nagelkerke & Sibbing 2000:205 [ref. 24546], de Graaf et al. 2000:7 [ref. 25061]). •Valid as Labeobarbus acutirostris (Bini 1940) -- (de Graaf et al. 2010:340 [ref. 34085], Nagelkerke et al. 2015:1198 [ref. 34084], Vreven et al. 2016:54 [ref. 34168], Beshera et al. 2016:377 [ref. 34343], Beshera et al. 2023:190 [ref. 40418]). Current status: Valid as Labeobarbus acutirostris (Bini 1940). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Distribution: East Africa: Lake Tana (Ethiopia). Habitat: freshwater.

acutirostris, Neolissochilus Arunachalam [M.], Sivakumar [P.] & Murugan [M.] 2017:15, Figs. 3D, 4D [FishTaxa v. 2 (no. 1); ref. 35058] Abby falls, a stream in the Cauvery River drainage in Kodagu District, Karnataka, India, 11°40'38.2''N, 75°43'8.0''E, elevation 963 meters. Holotype: ZSI/SRS F7152. Paratypes: CMA, MSUMNH. •Valid as Neolissochilus acutirostris Arunachalam, Sivakumar & Murugan 2017 -- (Lalramliana et al. 2018:[3] [ref. 35912], Umamaheswari & Arunachalam 2018:2 [ref. 36417]). Current status: Valid as Neolissochilus acutirostris Arunachalam, Sivakumar & Murugan 2017. Cyprinidae: Torinae. Distribution: Cauvery River drainage, Karnataka, India. Habitat: freshwater.

adiscus, Discognathus Annandale [N.] 1919:68, Pls. 10 (fig. 2), 11 (fig. 1) [Records of the Indian Museum (Calcutta) v. 18 (pt 1); ref. 15203] Seistan, eastern Iran. Holotype: ZSI F9763/1. Paratypes: BMNH 1919.8.16.7-8 [ex ZSI] (2), ZIN 25411 (3), ZSI F9758/1 (20). Type catalog: Menon & Yazdani 1968:107 [ref. 20743] as syntypes. See Das 2003:356 [ref. 27706] dated 1921. •Synonym of Crossocheilus latius Hamilton 1822 -- (Bianco & Bănărescu 1982:81 [ref. 8508], Bănărescu 1986:148 [ref. 8112], Esmaeili et al. 2010:369 [ref. 33391]). •Questionably valid as Crossocheilus adiscus or a synonym of Crossocheilus latius (Hamilton 1822) -- (Coad 1995:16 [ref. 23608]). •Valid as Crossochelus adiscus (Annandale 1919) -- (Coad 1996:71 [ref. 25297]). •Synonym of Crossocheilus diplochilus (Heckel 1838) -- (Kullander et al. 1999:133 [ref. 23689]). •Valid as Gonorhynchus adiscus (Annandale 1919) -- (Sayyadzadeh et al. 2015:353 [ref. 34017], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:871 [ref. 34062], Behrens-Chapuis et al. 2015:197 [ref. 34083]). •Synonym of Gonorhynchus diplochilus (Heckel 1838) -- (Esmaeili et al. 2015:121 [ref. 35030] with author as McClelland 1839, Ciccotto & Page 2016:476 [ref. 34501]). •Valid as Tariqilabeo adiscus (Annandale 1919) -- (Esmaeili et al. 2017:59 [ref. 35254], Esmaeili et al. 2018:39 [ref. 36089], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:94 [ref. 37983], Çiçek et al. 2023:20 [ref. 40326], Çiçek et al. 2024:180 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Tariqilabeo adiscus (Annandale 1919). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Middle East, South Asia: eastern Iran and Helmand River (Afghanistan). Habitat: freshwater.

aeneus, Cyprinus Burchell [W. J.] 1822:280, Fig. on p. 285 [Travels in the interior of southern Africa. 2 vols.; ref. 17293] Zak River, South Africa (±29°39'S, 21°11'E). No types known. •Valid as Barbus aeneus (Burchell 1822) -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:220 [ref. 6186], Skelton 1993:168 [ref. 24071]). •Valid as Labeobarbus aeneus (Burchell 1822) -- (Skelton 2001:168 [ref. 27406], Tsigenopoulos et al. 2010:852 [ref. 34067], Marshall 2011:102 [ref. 31755], Vreven et al. 2016:54 [ref. 34168], Beshera et al. 2016:377 [ref. 34343]). Current status: Valid as Labeobarbus aeneus (Burchell 1822). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Distribution: Southern Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

aethiopicus, Discognathus Pellegrin [J.] 1927:232 [Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France v. 52 (no. 4); ref. 15814] Kabana River, tributary of Aouche River, Ethiopia, elevation about 2400 meters. Lectotype: MNHN 1927-125. Paralectotypes: MNHN 1927-0124 (1). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:55 [ref. 19574]. Lectotype designated by Stiassny & Getahun 2007:68 [ref. 29119]. •Synonym of Garra quadrimaculata (Rüppell 1835) -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:304 [ref. 6186]). •Valid as Garra aethiopica (Pellegrin 1927) -- (Stiassny & Getahun 2007:54 [ref. 29119], Habteselassie et al. 2010:52 [ref. 30774], Englmaier et al. 2020:154 [ref. 37887]). Current status: Valid as Garra aethiopica (Pellegrin 1927). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Africa: Awash River basin (Ethiopia). Habitat: freshwater.

afasciatus, Puntius Jayaram [K. C.] 1990:107, Fig. 2 [Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society v. 87 (pt 1); ref. 20047] Vellakaravi and Vathakad village, Nagercoil, Tamil Nadu, India. Holotype: ZSI F2985/2. See Das 2003:360 [ref. 27706]. •Synonym of Puntius melanampyx (Day 1865) -- (Menon 1999:96 [ref. 24904]). •Synonym of Puntius fasciatus (Jerdon 1849) based on placement of melanampyx. •Valid as Dravidia afasciata (Jayaram 1990) -- (Pethiyagoda et al. 2012:78 [ref. 32071]). •Valid as Haludaria afasciatus (Jayaram 1990) -- (Pethiyagoda 2013:199 [ref. 32691], Bleher 2018:544 [ref. 36647]). Current status: Valid as Haludaria afasciata (Jayaram 1990). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Tamil Nadu, India. Habitat: freshwater.

afer, Barbus (Capoeta) Peters [W. (C. H.)] 1864:395 [Monatsberichte der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1864; ref. 3437] Probably the Swartkops River system, Cape Colony, South Africa. Syntypes: ZMB 5413 (3). •Valid as Barbus afer Peters 1864 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:220 [ref. 6186]). •Valid as Pseudobarbus afer (Peters 1864) -- (Skelton 1988:280 [ref. 7302], Skelton 1993:124 [ref. 24071], Skelton 2001:124 [ref. 27406], Chakona & Swartz 2013:568 [ref. 32786], Chakona et al. 2014:122 [ref. 33568], Chakona & Skelton 2017:121 [ref. 35153], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:356 [ref. 35417], Skelton et al. 2018:16 [ref. 35835]). Current status: Valid as Pseudobarbus afer (Peters 1864). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: South Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

affinis, Barbus Rüppell [W. P. E. S.] 1835:8, Pl. 1 (fig. 3) [Museum Senckenbergianum: Abhandlungen aus dem Gebiete der beschreibenden Naturgeschichte, von Mitgliedern der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Frankfurt am Main v. 2 (no. 1); ref. 3845] Lake Tana, Ethiopia. Holotype: SMF 6786 (dry). •Synonym of Barbus intermedius Rüppell 1835 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:251 [ref. 6186]). •Synonym of Labeobarbus intermedius (Rüppell 1835) -- (Vreven et al. 2016:60 [ref. 34168]). Current status: Synonym of Labeobarbus intermedius (Rüppell 1835). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Habitat: freshwater.

affinis, Barbus lateristriga Kammerzell [F.] 1917:333, Abb. 1 [Wochenschrift für Aquarien- und Terrarienkunde v. 14 (no. 36); ref. 34769] Sunda Inseln (aquarium import). No types known. Named by mistake of Barbus sp. aff. lateristriga Duncker. Also described earlier (?) by Stansch, Die Prachtbarbe und die übrigen Barben-Arten, p. 23 as Barbus lateristriga spec. affinis Duncker or Barbus lateristriga var. affinis. •Senior synonym of Barbodes dunckeri (Ahl 1929). Not in use. Current status: Synonym of Barbodes dunckeri (Ahl 1929). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Habitat: freshwater.

affinis, Cirrhinus Jerdon [T. C.] 1849:303 [Madras Journal of Literature and Science v. 15 (pt 2); ref. 4902] Cavery River at Seringapatam, southern India. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Labeo calbasu (Hamilton 1822) -- (Jayaram & Dhas 2000:83 [ref. 25342], Kottelat 2013:115 [ref. 32989] with question). Current status: Synonym of Labeo calbasu (Hamilton 1822). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

affinis, Schizothorax Kessler [K. F.] 1872:56 [12] [Izvestiia Imperatorskago Obschchestva Liubitelei Estestvozaniia, Antropologii i Etnografii v. 10 (no. 1); ref. 14134] Dznam near Samarkand, Uzbekistan. Syntypes: (3) Original in error as ZIN 4019 (1), 4487-88 (1, 1); none found at ZIN. On p. 12 of separate. •Synonym of Schizothorax intermedius McClelland 1842 -- (Berg 1949:712 [ref. 20661]). •Synonym of Racoma intermedia (McClelland & Griffith 1842) -- (Wu & Wu 1992:329 [ref. 21205]). •? Synonym of Schizopyge curvifrons (Heckel 1838). Current status: Synonym of Schizopyge curvifrons (Heckel 1838). Cyprinidae: Schizothoracinae. Habitat: freshwater.

afghana, Cirrhina Günther [A.] 1889:106, Pl. 12 (fig. C) [The Transactions of the Linnean Society of London. Second Series. Zoology v. 5 (pt 3) (art. 3); ref. 18207] Nushki district, Balochistan, Pakistan. Syntypes: BMNH 1886.9.21.155-159 (6) [Nushki] Kushk, 1886.9.21.150-154 (now 4) [Nushki] Kushk; ZSI F11474-6 (3), F11479-85 (7). Type information: Talwar 1977:65 [ref. 21523]. Original genus should have been Cirrhinus. •Synonym of Cyprinion microphthalmum (Day 1880) -- (Talwar & Jhingran 1991:180 [ref. 20764]). •Synonym of Cyprinion watsoni (Day 1872) -- (Coad 1981:10 [ref. 22348], Bianco & Bănărescu 1982:84 [ref. 8508], Coad 1995:16 [ref. 23608], Coad 1996:4 [ref. 23831], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:67 [ref. 37983], Çiçek et al. 2024:144 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinion watsoni (Day 1872). Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Habitat: freshwater.

afrohamiltoni, Barbus Crass [R. S.] 1960:428 [Annals of the Natal Museum v. 14 (pt 3); ref. 11905] Sabi River, Transvaal [now Mpumalanga], South Africa. Syntypes: SAM 10771 [now at AMG] (3, in 2 bottles). Replacement name for Barbus hamiltoni Gilchrist & Thompson 1913, secondarily preoccupied by Systomus hamiltonii Jerdon 1849 when in Barbus. •Valid as Barbus afrohamiltoni Crass 1960 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:221 [ref. 6186], Skelton 1993:162 [ref. 24071], Skelton 2001:162 [ref. 27406], Marshall 2011:97 [ref. 31755]). •Valid as Enteromius afrohamiltoni (Crass 1960) -- (Yang et al. 2015:112 [ref. 33694], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:351 [ref. 35417], Bruton et al. 2018:42 [ref. 36373]). Replacement Name. Current status: Valid as Enteromius afrohamiltoni (Crass 1960). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Southeastern Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

afrovernayi, Barbus Nichols [J. T.] & Boulton [R.] 1927:45 [Copeia No. 163; ref. 17987] Capelongo, Huila Province, Angola. Holotype: AMNH 8680. Paratypes: AMNH 8994 (4). Replacement name for Barbus vernayi Nichols & Boulton 1927, preoccupied by Barbus vernayi Norman 1925. •Valid as Barbus afrovernayi Nichols & Boulton 1927 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:221 [ref. 6186], Skelton 1993:157 [ref. 24071], Skelton 2001:157 [ref. 27406], Marshall 2011:94 [ref. 31755]). •Valid as Enteromius afrovernayi (Nichols & Boulton 1927) -- (Yang et al. 2015:112 [ref. 33694], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:351 [ref. 35417], Skelton 2019:231 [ref. 36564], Abwe et al. 2023:29 [ref. 39992]). Replacement Name. Current status: Valid as Enteromius afrovernayi (Nichols & Boulton 1927). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Southern and central Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

ahlselli, Barbus Lönnberg [E.] 1911:39, Fig. 5 [Kongliga Vetenskaps-Academiens Handlingar, Stockholm v. 47 (no. 6); ref. 14793] Luazomela River, a tributary to Guaso Nyiri from the south, Kenya. Syntypes: NRM 9238 (2). •Synonym of Barbus oxyrhynchus Pfeffer 1889 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:276 [ref. 6186], Seegers et al. 2003:32 [ref. 28087]). •Synonym of Labeobarbus oxyrhynchus (Pfeffer 1889) -- (Vreven et al. 2016:65 [ref. 34168]). Current status: Synonym of Labeobarbus oxyrhynchus (Pfeffer 1889). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Habitat: freshwater.

akakianus, Barbus Boulenger [G. A.] 1911:122, Fig. 99 [Catalogue of the fresh-water fishes of Africa v. 2; ref. 579] Akaki River, Hawash system, southern Ethiopia. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1908.1.20.85. •Synonym of Barbus paludinosus Peters 1852 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:278 [ref. 6186], Seegers 1996:129 [ref. 23725]). •Synonym of Enteromius paludinosus (Peters 1852) -- (Hayes & Armbruster 2017:354 [ref. 35417]). •Valid as Enteromius akakianus (Boulenger 1911) -- (Englmaier et al. 2020:138 [ref. 37252], Prokofiev et al. 2021:15 [ref. 38739], Englmaier et al. 2024:180 [ref. 41601]). Current status: Valid as Enteromius akakianus (Boulenger 1911). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Africa: upper Awash River basin (extirpated?) and central Main Ethiopian Rift, Ethiopia. Habitat: freshwater.

akeleyi, Barbus Hubbs [C. L.] 1918:13, Pl. 3 [Field Museum of Natural History, Publications, Zoölogical Series v. 12 (pt 2); ref. 10684] Athi River, Kenya, East Africa. Holotype: FMNH 6106. Paratypes: FMNH 6111-12 (12, 48). Type catalog: Ibarra & Stewart 1987:15 [ref. 12367] but FMNH 6112 not listed. •Synonym of Barbus kerstenii Peters 1868 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:258 [ref. 6186], Seegers et al. 2003:31 [ref. 28087] as 'Barbus'). •Synonym of Enteromius kerstenii (Peters 1868) -- (Hayes & Armbruster 2017:353 [ref. 35417]). Current status: Synonym of Enteromius kerstenii (Peters 1868). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Habitat: freshwater.

akhtarii, Oreinus sinuatus var. Malik [G. M.] 1966:135 [Kashmir Science, A science Research Journal of J & K University, Srinagar v. 3 (nos 1-2); ref. 23693] Helmand River, Afghanistan. Spelled akhtart on p. 143. Not available, proposed as a variety after 1960. Infrasubspecific. Cyprinidae: Schizothoracinae.

aksaiensis, Schizothorax Kessler [K. F.] 1872:57 [13], Pl. 9 (figs. 19-21) [Izvestiia Imperatorskago Obschchestva Liubitelei Estestvozaniia, Antropologii i Etnografii v. 10 (no. 1); ref. 14134] Aksai River, tributary of Tarim River, Xinjing Province, China. Syntypes: (3) MLSU 544 (1). Type catalog: Svetovidova 1978:262 [ref. 9011] with MLSU 544 as holotype; no types found at ZISP in 1996 (N. Chernova, pers. comm.). On p. 31 of separate. •Synonym of Schizothorax intermedius McClelland & Griffith 1842 -- (Berg 1949:713 [ref. 20661]). •Synonym of Racoma intermedia (McClelland & Griffith 1842) -- (Wu & Wu 1992:329 [ref. 21205]). •? Synonym of Schizothorax curvifrons Heckel 1838. •? Synonym of Schizopyge curvifrons (Heckel 1838). Current status: Synonym of Schizopyge curvifrons (Heckel 1838). Cyprinidae: Schizothoracinae. Habitat: freshwater.

alba, Barbus fluviatilis var. Krauss [F.] 1882:346 [Jahreshefte des Vereins für Vaterländische Naturkunde in Württemberg v. 38; ref. 20854] Enz River at Lomersheim, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Holotype (unique): SMNS 14332. Type catalog: Fricke 1995:10 [ref. 28100], Fricke 2005:31 [ref. 29864]. Species epithet correct as albus due to masculine gender of genus Barbus. •Synonym of Barbus barbus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:47 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Barbus barbus (Linnaeus 1758). Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Habitat: freshwater.

albanicus, Barbus Steindachner [F.] 1870:630 [8], Pl. 3 (figs. 1-1a) [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 61 (1. Abth.); ref. 4218] Lake Scutari [Lake Iannina], Albania. Syntypes: (several) MSNG 9043 (2), NMW 53651 (2). Type catalog: Tortonese 1961:184 [ref. 10343]. On p. 8 of separate. •Valid as Messinobarbus albanicus (Steindachner 1870) -- (Bianco 1998:128 [ref. 23811]). •Valid as Barbus albanicus Steindachner 1870 -- (Kottelat 1997:47 [ref. 22952], Tsigenopoulos & Berrebi 2000:169 [ref. 25489], Economidis & Herzig-Straschil in Bănărescu & Bogutskaya 2003:23 [ref. 27353]). •Valid as Luciobarbus albanicus (Steindachner 1870) -- (Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:135 [ref. 29996], Barbieri et al. 2015:55 [ref. 35029], Shumka et al. 2023:38 [ref. 40747]). Current status: Valid as Luciobarbus albanicus (Steindachner 1870). Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Distribution: Southeastern Europe: Albania, Greece. Habitat: freshwater.

albeoguttatus, Sinocyclocheilus Zhou [S.-B.] & Li [G.-L.] 1998 [Contributions from Tianjin Natural History Museum No.15; ref. 27917] Cave, Longuang Donmgxue, Red River system, Guangxi, China, 24°40'-24°50'N, 106°30'-106°45'E. Holotype (unique): NHMGZAR 89VII005. •Synonym of Sinocyclocheilus anatirostris Lin & Luo 1986 -- (Romero et al. 2009 [ref. 30522]). •Valid as Sinocyclocheilus albeoguttatus Zhou & Li 1998 -- (Zhou et al. 2004:591, 594 [ref. 27905], Zhao & Zhang 2006:773 [ref. 31176], Lan et al. 2013:213 [ref. 32910]). Current status: Valid as Sinocyclocheilus albeoguttatus Zhou & Li 1998. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: East Asia: Red River system, Guangxi (China). IUCN (2024): Not Assessed. Habitat: freshwater.

alberti, Barbus Poll [M.] 1939:28, Fig. 9 [Poissons. Exploration du Parc National Albert. Fasc. 24; ref. 17216] Rutshuru River, May-Ya-Moto, Lake Edward basin, Democratic Republic of Congo. Lectotype: MRAC 64723. Paralectotype: MRAC 64722 (1). Type catalog: Derijst 1991:26 [ref. 21528]. Lectotype selected by Maetens et al. 2020:16 [ref. 37713]. •Valid as Barbus alberti Poll 1939 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:221 [ref. 6186]). •Synonym of Barbus stigmatopygus Boulenger 1903 -- (Lévêque 1989:170 [ref. 12829]). •See De Vos & Thys van den Audenaerde 1990:153 [ref. 20130]. •Synonym of Enteromius stigmatopygus (Boulenger 1903) -- (Hayes & Armbruster 2017:355 [ref. 35417]). •Valid as Enteromius alberti (Poll 1939) -- (Maetens et al. 2020:15 [ref. 37713], Akoth et al. 2023:9 [ref. 40069]). Current status: Valid as Enteromius alberti (Poll 1939). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Africa: River systems of Lake Edward and Lake Victoria basins, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kenya and Uganda. Habitat: freshwater.

alborzensis, Capoeta Jouladeh-Roudbar [A.], Eagderi [S.], Ghanavi [H. R.] & Doadrio [I.] 2016:169, Figs. 2-5 [FishTaxa v. 1 (no. 3); ref. 34989] Nam River, tributary of Hableh River, near Harandeh village, Tehran province, Iran, 35°42'41.1"N, 52°40'19.7"E. Holotype: IMNRF-UT 1063-115. Paratypes: IMNRF-UT. •Valid as Capoeta alborzensis Jouladeh-Roudbar, Eagderi, Ghanavi & Doadrio 2016 -- (Esmaeili et al. 2017:38 [ref. 35254], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2017:152 [ref. 35425], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2017:152 [ref. 35538], Levin et al. 2019:40 [ref. 36600], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:38 [ref. 37983], Eagderi & Mousavi-Sabet 2021:41 [ref. 38914], Çiçek et al. 2024:153 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Capoeta alborzensis Jouladeh-Roudbar, Eagderi, Ghanavi & Doadrio 2016. Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Distribution: Middle East: Kavir basin, Tehran province (Iran). Habitat: freshwater.

albuloides, Systomus Bleeker [P.] 1855:425 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 9 (no. 3); ref. 16849] Kapuas River, Pontianak, Borneo, Indonesia. Lectotype: RMNH 7033. Paralectotypes: RMNH 1425 (2). Bleeker specimens: BMNH 1866.5.2.74 (5) no locality. Original as albuloïdes. •Valid as Albulichthys albuloides (Bleeker 1855) -- (Roberts 1989:28 [ref. 6439], Kottelat et al. 1993:32 [ref. 23448], Kottelat & Lim 1996:229 [ref. 23210], Rainboth 1996:85 [ref. 22772], Doi 1997:3 [ref. 22832], Kottelat 2001:38 [ref. 25780], Kottelat 2013:73 [ref. 32989], Taki et al. 2021:147 [ref. 39830]). Current status: Valid as Albulichthys albuloides (Bleeker 1855). Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Sundaland to Vietnam. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

albus, Systomus Heckel [J. J.] 1843:1063 [73] [Ichthyologie [von Syrien]. In Russegger v. 1 (pt 2); ref. 2066] Tigris and Orontes rivers. Syntypes: NMW 53674-77 (1, 1, 1, 1), 53680 (1), 91400 (1, dry); ?SMF 812 [ex NMW in 1843] (1). Illustrated in Heckel 1943: Pl. 2 (fig. 2) [ref. 2067]. On p. 73 of separate [ref. 2067]. •Synonym of Barbus luteus (Heckel 1843) -- (Coad 1991:14 [ref. 15702], Coad 1995:12 [ref. 23608]). •Synonym of Carasobarbus luteus (Heckel 1843) -- (Ekmekçi & Bănărescu 1998:90 [ref. 26519], Borkenhagen et al. 2011:328 [ref. 31372], Borkenhagen & Krupp 2013:34 [ref. 32915], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:869 [ref. 34062], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:58 [ref. 37983], Çiçek et al. 2024:136 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Carasobarbus luteus (Heckel 1843). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Habitat: freshwater.

alepidotus, Cyprinus Bloch [M. E.] 1784:178 [M. Marcus Elieser Bloch's ..., ausübenden Arztes zu Berlin, Oeconomische Naturgeschichte der Fische Deutschlands v. 3; ref. 19645] Not an available name; part of the diagnosis of Cyprinus nudus. •In the synonymy of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758. Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

alfredianus, Leuciscus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1844:xvi (77), Pl. 488 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 17; ref. 1010] Mysore, India [not Nepal]. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000-2750. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:81 [ref. 19574]. As duvaucelii on p. 77, but duvaucelii used for another species on p. 95. Changed to alfredianus on the "Avis au relieur" found at the end of the volume and on p. xvi (on which p. 77 and Pl. 488 are cited) and Pl. 488 •Synonym of Osteobrama vigorsii (Sykes 1839) -- (Talwar & Jhingran 1991:242 [ref. 20764]). •Synonym of Osteobrama cotio (Hamilton 1822), subspecies cunma (Day 1888) -- (Menon 1999:65 [ref. 24904] as alfrediana). •Valid as Osteobrama alfredianus (Valenciennes 1844) -- (Doi 1997:9 [ref. 22832] as alfrediana). Current status: Valid as Osteobrama alfredianus (Valenciennes 1844). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Southeast Asia. Habitat: freshwater.

aliciae, Barbus Bigorne [R.] & Lévêque [C.] 1993:63, Fig. 1 [Cybium v. 17 (no. 1); ref. 20656] Mani River, Saint John basin, Liberia. Holotype: MNHN 1991-0324. Paratypes: MNHN 1991-0325 (17), plus additional material. •Valid as Barbus aliciae Bigorne & Lévêque 1993. •Valid as Enteromius aliciae (Bigorne & Lévêque 1993) -- (Yang et al. 2015:112 [ref. 33694], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:351 [ref. 35417]). Current status: Valid as Enteromius aliciae (Bigorne & Lévêque 1993). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Liberia and Guinea. Habitat: freshwater.

alloiopleurus, Barbus Vaillant [L. L.] 1893:201 [5] [Bulletin de la Société philomathique de Paris (8th Série) v. 5 (no. 4); ref. 4486] Da River, Black River, Upper Tonkin, northern Vietnam. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1892-0261. On p. 5 of separate. •Valid as Poropuntius alloiopleurus (Vaillant 1893) -- (Ng & Kottelat 2000:852 [ref. 25863], Kottelat 2001:35 [ref. 25482], Kottelat 2013:143 [ref. 32989], Hoang et al. 2024:209 [ref. 41179]). Current status: Valid as Poropuntius alloiopleurus (Vaillant 1893). Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Song Hong ecoregion, Vietnam. Habitat: freshwater.

allostoma, Garra Roberts [T. R.] 1990:163, Figs. 1-2 [Revue d'Hydrobiologie Tropicale v. 23 (no. 2); ref. 16927] Rapids of River Menchum below waterfall near Befang, Bamenda highlands, Niger basin, Cameroon, western Africa. Holotype: MNHN 1987-1626. Paratypes: MNHN 1988-1627 (32, 4 c&s). Other specimens: MNHN 1988-1166 (6). •Valid as Garra allostoma Roberts 1990 -- (Lévêque in Lévêque et al. 1990:284 [ref. 21589], Lévèque et al. 1991:141 [ref. 31367], Stiassny & Getahun 2007:54 [ref. 29119]). Current status: Valid as Garra allostoma Roberts 1990. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Cameroon. Habitat: freshwater.

alluaudi, Barbus Pellegrin [J.] 1909:157 [Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France v. 34 (no. 7/8); ref. 14409] Wimi River, Ruwenzori, lower zone, eastern Africa (±0°23'N, 29°54'E). Syntypes: MNHN 1909-0586 and 0587 (2). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:32 [ref. 19574]. •Possible hybrid Barbus somereni x Varicorhinus ruwenzorii -- (Banister 1973:9 [ref. 7554]). •Valid as Barbus alluaudi Pellegrin 1909 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:222 [ref. 6186]). •Valid as Labeobarbus alluaudi (Pellegrin 1909) -- (Akoth et al. 2023:9 [ref. 40069]). •Possible hybrid of Labeobarbus somereni x Labeobarbus ruwenzorii -- (Vreven et al. 2016:71 [ref. 34168] as Labeobarbus ruwenzori). Hybrid. Cyprinidae: Torinae. Distribution: East Africa.

alluaudi, Labeo Pellegrin [J.] 1933:105, Fig. [Archiv für Hydrobiologie v. 26; ref. 3413] Danané, Cercle de Man, Ivory Coast. Lectotype: MNHN 1932-0298. Paralectotypes: NMBA 4462 (now 1). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:20 [ref. 19574], Kottelat & Sutter 1988:53 [ref. 13796]. Lectotype selected by Reid 1985:258 [ref. 19189]. •Valid as Labeo alluaudi Pellegrin 1933 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:305 [ref. 6186], Reid 1985:258 [ref. 19189], Lévêque in Lévêque et al. 1990:294 [ref. 21589], Paugy et al. 1990:338 [ref. 26477], Stiassny 1991:8 [ref. 19336], Pezold et al. 2016:105 [ref. 34870]). Current status: Valid as Labeo alluaudi Pellegrin 1933. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: West Africa: Ivory Coast and Liberia. Habitat: freshwater.

alluriensis, Parapsilorhynchus Jadhav [S. S.], Karuthapandi [M.], Chandra [K.], Jaiswal [D.], Dinesh [K. P.] & Narahari [A.] 2020:564, Figs. 2-4A [Zootaxa 4751 (no. 3); ref. 37394] Dharamattam stream, near Golugonda village, Alluri Forest, Visakhapatnam District, Andhra Pradesh State, Eastern Ghats, India, 17°42'47"N, 82°28'42"E, elevation 210 meters. Holotype: FBRC/ZSI F/3015. Paratypes: FBRC/ZSI F/3016 (5), ZSI PUNE F/5534 (4). •Valid as Parapsilorhynchus alluriensis Jadhav, Karuthapandi, Chandra, Jaiswal, Dinesh & Narahari 2020. Current status: Valid as Parapsilorhynchus alluriensis Jadhav, Karuthapandi, Chandra, Jaiswal, Dinesh & Narahari 2020. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Alluri Forest, Eastern Ghats, Andhra Pradesh, India. Habitat: freshwater.

almorae, Labeo Chaudhuri [B. L.] 1912:438, Pl. 38 (figs. 2, 2a-b) [Records of the Indian Museum (Calcutta) v. 7 (pt. 5) (art. 35); ref. 14837] Almora [Almorha] District, western Himalayas, Uttar Pradesh, northern India. Holotype (unique): ZSI F2014/1. Type catalog: Menon & Yazdani 1968:112 [ref. 20743]. •Synonym of Labeo dero (Hamilton 1822) -- (Talwar & Jhingran 1991:204 [ref. 20764] as almorhae, Menon 1999:131 [ref. 24904] as almorhae, Jayaram & Dhas 2000:39 [ref. 25342] as almorhae). •Valid as Bangana almorae (Chaudhuri 1912) -- (Doi 1997:3 [ref. 22832], Luo & Zhou 2009:66 [ref. 30000], Kottelat 2013:75 [ref. 32989], Kottelat 2017:494 [ref. 35262]). Current status: Valid as Bangana almorae (Chaudhuri 1912). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: South Asia: northern India. Habitat: freshwater.

aloyi, Barbus Roman [B.] 1971:15, Fig. 4 [Publicaciones del Instituto de Biología Aplicada Barcelona v. 49 [1970]; ref. 7780] River Bolo, affluent of Kie River, Ntem basin, River Muni, Republic of Equatorial Guinea. Holotype (unique): MCSBCN. •Valid as Barbus aloyi Roman 1971 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:222 [ref. 6186], De Weirdt et al. 2007:481 [ref. 30024]). •Valid as Enteromius aloyi (Roman 1971) -- (Yang et al. 2015:112 [ref. 33694], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:351 [ref. 35417], Fermon et al. 2022:138 [ref. 39448] possible). Current status: Valid as Enteromius aloyi (Roman 1971). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Western-central Africa: Equatorial Guinea. Habitat: freshwater.

alpina, Systomus albus var. Heckel [J. J.] 1847:257 [Reisen in Europa, Asien und Africa v. 2 (pt 3); ref. 2068] Kara-Agatsch River, and Alpine lakes Pire-San und Deria Kaserun, Iran. Syntypes: NMW 53678-79 (5, 2), 53681-82 (2, 2); ?RMNH 2464 [ex NMW] (2). •Synonym of Barbus luteus (Heckel 1843) -- (Coad 1991:14 [ref. 15702], Coad 1995:12 [ref. 23608]). •Synonym of Carasobarbus luteus (Heckel 1843) -- (Ekmekçi & Bănărescu 1998:90 [ref. 26519], Esmaeili et al. 2010:368 [ref. 33391], Borkenhagen et al. 2011:328 [ref. 31372], Borkenhagen & Krupp 2013:34 [ref. 32915], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:869 [ref. 34062], Esmaeili et al. 2017:42 [ref. 35254], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:58 [ref. 37983], Çiçek et al. 2024:136 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Carasobarbus luteus (Heckel 1843). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Habitat: freshwater.

alta, Garra Day [F.] 1867:349 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1867 (pt 2) (art. 5); ref. 14044] Rapid streams, Wynaad, India. No types known. Possible syntype: BMNH 2016.11.30.676 (Day specimen from Wynaad). Type catalog: Whitehead & Talwar 1976:155 [ref. 23762]. •Synonym of Garra mullya (Sykes 1839) -- (Menon 1999:148 [ref. 24904]). Current status: Synonym of Garra mullya (Sykes 1839). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater.

altianalis, Barbus Boulenger [G. A.] 1900:479 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 6 (no. 35); ref. 14721] Lake Kivu, northeast of Lake Tanganyika (±2°0'S, 29°10'E). Lectotype: BMNH 1906.9.6.13. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1906.9.6.14 (1) Lake Kivu, 1906.9.6.15 (1) Rusisi River. Lectotype selected by Banister 1973. •Valid as Barbus altianalis Boulenger 1900 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:222 [ref. 6186], De Vos & Thys van den Audenaerde 1990:10 [ref. 17656], Seegers et al. 2003:30 [ref. 28087] as 'Barbus, Seegers 2008:183 [ref. 29830] as 'Barbus'). •Valid as Labeobarbus altianalis (Boulenger 1900) -- (R. Bills, pers. comm. 1/19/2012 on a 2007 technical report, Banyankimbona et al. 2012:276 [ref. 34113], Vreven et al. 2016:55 [ref. 34168], Akoth et al. 2023:8 [ref. 40069]). Current status: Valid as Labeobarbus altianalis (Boulenger 1900). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Distribution: East Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

alticaputus, Garra Arunachalam [M.], Nandagopal [S.] & Mayden [R. L.] 2013:128, Fig. 6 [Journal of Fisheries and Aquaculture. v. 4 (no. 3); ref. 33196] Dikrong River at Boorum Village, tributary of Ranga River, Lower Subanshri District, Anunachal Pradesh, India, 27°09'26"N, 93°42'22.7"E. Holotype: ZSI/SRS F8578. Paratypes: MSUMNH 60 (3), CMA 18 (4). •Valid as Garra alticaputus Arunachalam, Nandagopal & Mayden 2013 -- (Arunachalam et al. 2014:65 [ref. 33404], Arunachalam & Nandagopal 2014:49 [ref. 33405], Gurumayum & Kosygin 2016:90 [ref. 34491], Moyon & Arunkumar 2018:112 [ref. 36388], Marngar et al. 2024:484 [ref. 41573]). •Synonym of Garra birostris Nebeshwar & Vishwanath 2013 -- (Nebeshwar et al. 2024:197 [ref. 40865]). Current status: Synonym of Garra birostris Nebeshwar & Vishwanath 2013. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater.

alticauda, Garra Cao [L.], Nyingi [W. D.], Bart [H. L., Jr.] & Zhang [E] 2023:14, Fig. 5 [Zoologica Scripta v. 52 (no. 6); ref. 40340] Mara River, a tributary flowing into Tana River basin, Mount Kenya, Kenya, about 0°12'54.04"S, 37°39'16.19"E, elevation 1,360 meters. Holotype: IHB 201607015215. Paratypes: IHB 201607015213-14 (2), 16-20 (5). •Valid as Garra alticauda Cao, Nyingi, Bart & Zhang 2023. Current status: Valid as Garra alticauda Cao, Nyingi, Bart & Zhang 2023. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Eastern Africa: upper Tana River basin, Mount Kenya, Kenya. Habitat: freshwater.

alticentralis, Labeo Tshibwabwa [S. M.] 1997:388, Pl. 3 (3) [Systématique des espèces Africaines du genre Labeo (Teleostei, Cyprinidae) v. 2; ref. 24617] Stanleyville [Kisangani], 0°03'N, 25°11'E, Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype: MRAC 2475-2476. Paratypes: MRAC 89-43-P-2174-2176 (1). •Valid as Labeo alticentralis Tshibwabwa 1997. Current status: Valid as Labeo alticentralis Tshibwabwa 1997. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: West Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

alticola, Barbus Boulenger [G. A.] 1906:566 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 17 (no. 102) (art. 71); ref. 15648] Alaba River, flowing into Lake Gandjule (Margherita), southern Ethiopia, elevation 6000 feet. Syntypes: BMNH 1908.1.20.184-185 (2), 1937.4.20.67 (1). •Synonym of Barbus intermedius Rüppell 1835 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:254 [ref. 6186]). •Synonym of Labeobarbus intermedius (Rüppell 1835) -- (Vreven et al. 2016:60 [ref. 34168]). Current status: Synonym of Labeobarbus intermedius (Rüppell 1835). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Habitat: freshwater.

alticorpora, Garra Chu [X.-L.] & Cui [G.-H.] 1987:96 [English p. 99], Fig. 3 [Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica v. 12 (no. 1); ref. 19903] Pingbian county, 22°58'N, 103°40'E, Yunnan Province, China. Holotype: KIZ 8540265. Paratypes: KIZ 8540266 (1). Type catalog: Du et al. 2013:349 [ref. 32939]. •Tentative synonym of Garra poilanei Petit & Tchang 1933 -- (Kottelat 2001:26 [ref. 25482]). •Valid as Garra alticorpora Chu & Cui 1987 -- (Zhang et al. in Yue 2000:251 [ref. 25272], Chen et al. 2009:439 [ref. 30322]). •Synonym of Garra imberba Garman 1912 -- (Zhou et al. 2005:450 [ref. 28432], Kottelat 2013:105 [ref. 32989], Wang et al. 2014:30 [ref. 36012], Zhang et al. 2016:110 [ref. 34477]). •Synonym of Ageneiogarra imberba (Garman 1912). Current status: Synonym of Ageneiogarra imberba (Garman 1912). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater.

alticorpus, Scaphiodontella Oshima [M.] 1920:126, Pl. 4 (fig. 1) [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 72; ref. 3313] Burako River, Ako [Pingtung], Taiwan. Holotype: ANSP 49948. Paratypes: (1) whereabouts unknown. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:68 [ref. 13621] with a holotype, Ho & Shao 2011:30 [ref. 31432] with an unneeded lectotype. •Valid as Varicorhinus alticorpus (Oshima 1920) -- (Wu et al. 1977:304 [ref. 4807], Zhu 1995:60 [ref. 25213]). •Valid as Scaphesthes alticorpus (Oshima 1920) -- (Yue & Chen 1998:119 [ref. 26415]). •Valid as Onychostoma alticorpus (Oshima 1920) -- (Shan et al. in Yue 2000:131 [ref. 25272], Xin et al. 2009:261 [ref. 30708], Ho & Shao 2011:30 [ref. 31432], Jang-Liaw & Chen 2013:68 [ref. 32417], Hoang et al. 2015:123 [ref. 33811], Zhang et al. 2016:91 [ref. 34477]). Current status: Valid as Onychostoma alticorpus (Oshima 1920). Cyprinidae: Acrossocheilinae. Distribution: East Taiwan. Habitat: freshwater.

altidorsalis, Barbus Boulenger [G. A.] 1908:493 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 8) v. 2 (no. 12); ref. 14307] Kafue River, 250 miles from Victoria Falls, Zambia. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1908.11.6.26 [or 20]. •Valid as Barbus altidorsalis Boulenger 1908 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:224 [ref. 6186]). •Synonym of Labeobarbus codringtonii (Boulenger 1908) -- (Vreven et al. 2016:29, 58 [ref. 34168]). •Valid as Enteromius altidorsalis (Boulenger 1908) -- (Hayes & Armbruster 2017:351 [ref. 35417]). Current status: Synonym of Labeobarbus codringtonii (Boulenger 1908). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Distribution: Southern Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

altidorsalis, Schizocypris Bianco [P. G.] & Bănărescu [P. M.] 1982:93, Fig. 1D [Cybium 3e série. Bulletin de la Société Française d'Ichtyologie v. 6 (no. 2); ref. 8508] Nahr-Taheri, near Zabol, Sistan, Iran, about 31°02'N, 61°30'E. Holotype: IZA 8169. Paratypes: AMNH 40952 (2); CMNFi82-368 [ex IZA 7841] (2); IZA 7841 (5), 7844 (3); NMC 82-368 (2); USNM 227928 (1); ZMH 6091 (2). Additional material: ISBB 3136 and 3137. •Valid as Schizocypris altidorsalis Bianco & Bănărescu 1982 -- (Coad 1995:20 [ref. 23608], Coad 1996:71 [ref. 25297], Coad 1998:102 [ref. 23869], Coad & Keyzer-de Ville 2005:36 [ref. 28505], Esmaeili et al. 2010:371 [ref. 33391], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:879 [ref. 34062], Esmaeili et al. 2017:56 [ref. 35254], Esmaeili et al. 2018:36 [ref. 36089], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:152 [ref. 37983], Çiçek et al. 2023:24 [ref. 40326], Çiçek et al. 2024:178 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Schizocypris altidorsalis Bianco & Bănărescu 1982. Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Distribution: Middle East and South Asia: Helmand River (Afghanistan and Iran). Habitat: freshwater.

altior, Schizothorax Herzenstein [S. M.] 1889:158, Pl. 12 (fig. 1) [Zoologischer Theil, St. Petersburg v. 3 (2 abt.) (2); ref. 2148] Lob-Nor Lake, central Asia. Holotype (unique): ZIN 7297 (whereabouts unknown). •Synonym of Racoma biddulphi (Günther 1876) -- (Wu & Wu 1992:341 [ref. 21205]). •Synonym of Schizothorax biddulphi Günther 1876 -- (Tsao 1964:160 [ref. 13501], Chen & Cao et al. in Yue 2000:315 [ref. 25272]). Current status: Synonym of Schizothorax biddulphi Günther 1876. Cyprinidae: Schizothoracinae. Habitat: freshwater.

altipinnis, Varicorhinus Banister [K. E.] & Poll [M.] 1973:82, Figs. 1-4 [Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines v. 87 (no. 1); ref. 7553] Kilwezi, right tributary of Lufira River, Upemba National Park, Democratic Republic of Congo (±09°06'S, 26°46'E), elevation 800 meters. Holotype: MRAC 179729. Paratypes: BMNH 1972.10.2.1 (1); IRSNB 643 (1); MRAC 179730-31 (1, 1) 179732-33 (2), 179734-35 (1, 1); NMBA 3983 (1), 3985 (1), 3988-89 (2). Type catalog: Walschaerts 1987:13 [ref. 20755], Kottelat & Sutter 1988:53 [ref. 13796], Derijst 1991:72 [ref. 21528]. •Valid as Varicorhinus altipinnis Banister & Poll 1973 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:336 [ref. 6186], Getahun et al. 2004:159 [ref. 27830]). •Valid as Labeobarbus altipinnis (Banister & Poll 1973) -- (Vreven et al. 2016:55 [ref. 34168]). Current status: Valid as Labeobarbus altipinnis (Banister & Poll 1973). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Distribution: Central Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

altishoulderus, Anchicyclocheilus Li [W.-X.] & Lan [J.-H.] 1992:47, Fig. 2 [Journal of Zhanjiang Fisheries College v. 12 (no. 2); ref. 25742] Taiping Town, ca. 24°22'N, 107°22'E, Donglan County, Guangxi Province, China. Holotype: MSTFM 890480026. Paratypes: MSTFM 890480027-0038 (12). •Valid as Sinocyclocheilus altishoulderus (Li & Lan 1992) -- (Shan et al. in Yue 2000:78 [ref. 25272], Li et al. 2003:62 [ref. 28316] as altishouderus, Li et al. 2003:84 [ref. 28168], Zhao et al. 2006:126 [ref. 28691], Proudlove 2006:75 [ref. 28992], Zhao & Zhang 2006:773 [ref. 31176], Romero et al. 2009 [ref. 30522], Zhao et al. 2009:204 [ref. 29545], Zhou et al. 2011:388 [ref. 31373], Zhao et al. 2011:1550 [ref. 31493], Liang et al. 2011:371 [ref. 31561], Zheng et al. 2013:750 [ref. 32137], Ma & Zhao 2012:109 [ref. 34891], Lan et al. 2013:203 [ref. 32910], Zhang et al. 2016:98 [ref. 34477], Liu et al. 2018:[7] [ref. 35769] with authors Zhao & Zhang 2009, Zhao et al. 2021:196 [ref. 39337]). Current status: Valid as Sinocyclocheilus altishoulderus (Li & Lan 1992). Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: East Asia: underground river system in Taiping Town, Hongshuihe and Youjiang River drainages, Guangxi (China). IUCN (2024): Not Assessed. Habitat: freshwater.

altivelis, Labeo Peters [W. (C. H.)] 1852:683 [Bericht über die zur Bekanntmachung geeigneten Verhandlungen der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1852; ref. 18539] Mozambique. Lectotype: ZMB 3284. Paralectotypes: NMW 16097 (1), ZMB 3283 (1), 3285 (1), 3286 (1). Also in Peters 1868:43, Pl. 8 [ref. 3440]. Lectotype selected by Reid 1985:87 [ref. 19189]. See also van Steenberge et al. 2016:6 [ref. 34374]. •Valid as Labeo altivelis Peters 1852 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:305 [ref. 6186], Reid 1985:87 [ref. 19189], Skelton 1993:180 [ref. 24071], Tshibwabwa 1997:201 [ref. 24616], Skelton 2001:180 [ref. 27406], Marshall 2011:108 [ref. 31755], van Steenberge et al. 2016:3 [ref. 34374], Van Steenberge et al. 2016:[9] 272 [ref. 35045], Munene et al. 2021:22 [ref. 39283], Bigirimana et al. 2024:33 [ref. 41336]). Current status: Valid as Labeo altivelis Peters 1852. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: East Africa: Burundi to Mozambique. Habitat: freshwater.

altus, Amblyrhynchichthys Vaillant [L. L.] 1893:59 [Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France v. 18 (no. 1); ref. 4485] Kapuas River, Borneo, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1891-0355. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:51 [ref. 19574]. •Synonym of Kalimantania lawak (Bleeker 1855) -- (Roberts 1989:40 [ref. 6439], Ng & Kottelat 2004:425 [ref. 28033], Kottelat 2013:114 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Kalimantania lawak (Bleeker 1855). Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater.

altus, Barbus Pfeffer [G. J.] 1896:60 [Die Thierwelt Ost-Afrikas und der Nachbargebiete v. 3; ref. 14617] Kingani River and Uniamwese, Tanzania. Lectotype: ZMH H472 [ex 8071]. Paralectotypes: ZMB 13686 (7) Kingani R., 14495 (1) Uniamwese. Type catalog: Ladiges et al. 1958:157 [ref. 19181], Wilkens & Dohse 1993:402 [ref. 21161]. Lectotype selected by Ladiges et al. 1958:157 [ref. 19181]. •Synonym of Barbus zanzibaricus Peters 1868 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:298 [ref. 6186]). •Synonym of Enteromius zanzibaricus (Peter 1868) -- (Hayes & Armbruster 2017:356 [ref. 35417]). Current status: Synonym of Enteromius zanzibaricus (Peters 1868). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Habitat: freshwater.

altus, Barbus Günther [A.] 1868:119 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 7; ref. 1990] Chao Phya River, Thailand. Syntypes: (orig. at least 4) BMNH 1862.11.1.241 (1). Type catalog: Monkolprasit 1969:11 [ref. 25088]. •Valid as Barbodes altus (Günther 1868) -- (Rainboth 1996:95 [ref. 22772], Doi 1997:3 [ref. 22832], Kottelat 1998:25 [ref. 23436]). •Valid as Barbonymus altus (Günther 1868) -- (Kottelat 2001:40 [ref. 25780], Gante et al. 2008:1091 [ref. 29529], Kottelat 2013:80 [ref. 32989], Ng et al. 2019:522 [ref. 36606], Dahruddin et al. 2021:6 [ref. 38577], Taki et al. 2021:116 [ref. 39830]). Current status: Valid as Barbonymus altus (Günther 1868). Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Mekong and Chao Phraya River basins, Malaysia, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia and Vietnam. Habitat: freshwater.

aluensis, Sinocyclocheilus Li [W.-X.] & Xiao [H.] in Li, Xiao, Feng & Zhao 2005:2, Fig. [Journal of Zhanjiang Ocean University v. 25 (no. 3); ref. 28653] Longtan, 24°20'N, 103°41'E, Luxi County, Yunnan Province, China. Holotype: HRA 040811001. Paratypes: HRA 040811002-11 (10); YU 98071801-03 (3), 98071805-06 (2), 98071809-12 (3). •Synonym of Sinocyclocheilus angustiporus Zheng & Xie 1985 -- (Romero et al. 2009 [ref. 30522]). •Valid as Sinocyclocheilus aluensis Li & Xiao 2005 -- (Zhao & Zhang 2013:374 [ref. 32187], Zhang et al. 2016:98 [ref. 34477], Zhao et al. 2021:262 [ref. 39337]). Current status: Valid as Sinocyclocheilus aluensis Li & Xiao 2005. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: East Asia: Alu Cave, Luxi, Yunnan (China). IUCN (2024): Vulnerable. Habitat: freshwater.

aluoiensis, Lissochilus Nguyen [H. D.] 1997:1 [English p. 4], Fig. 1 [Tap Chí Sinh Hoc (Journal of Biology) v. 19 (no. 1); ref. 24128] Upstream of Sê Kông River, Mekong River system, A Luoi district, Thua Thien, Hue Province, Vietnam, 16°15'32N, 107°13'31E, elevation 469 meters. Holotype: HNUE V1.1.21. Paratypes: 3 (Catalog number not given; same location as holotype). New species cited as Lissochilus aluoiensis Duc (not Nguyen) in original. [Full name of author is Nguyen, Huu Duc.] Latitude and Longitude differ in the abstract. •Valid as Poropuntius aluoiensis (Nguyen 1997) -- (Kottelat 2013:143 [ref. 32989], Endruweit 2014:146 [ref. 33205]). •Synonym of Poropuntius laoensis (Günther 1868) -- (Hoang et al. 2024:211 [ref. 41179]). Current status: Synonym of Poropuntius laoensis (Günther 1868). Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater.

alvarezi, Barbus Roman [B.] 1971:17, Fig. 38 [Publicaciones del Instituto de Biología Aplicada Barcelona v. 49 [1970]; ref. 7780] Bolo River, affluent of Kie River, 16 kilometers south of Ebebiyin, Republic of Equatorial Guinea. Holotype: MCSBCN. •Valid as Barbus alvarezi Roman 1971 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:224 [ref. 6186]). •Synonym of Barbus brazzai Pellegrin 1901 -- (Kamdem Toham & Teugels 1997:45 [ref. 22814]). •Synonym of Enteromius brazzai (Pellegrin 1901) based on placement of brazzai. •Valid as Enteromius alvarezi (Roman 1971) -- (Hayes & Armbruster 2017:351 [ref. 35417]). Current status: Synonym of Enteromius brazzai (Pellegrin 1901). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Habitat: freshwater.

amanpoae, Barbus Lambert [J. G.] 1961:21, Pls. 2 (fig. 1), 4 (fig. 2) [Annales, Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Série in 8o, Sciences Zoologiques No. 93; ref. 9362] Amanpoa River, Ponthierville Territory, Congo. Holotype: MRAC 131373. Paratypes: MRAC 131374-77 (4). •Valid as Barbus amanpoae Lambert 1961 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:224 [ref. 6186]). •Valid as Enteromius amanpoae (Lambert 1961) -- (Yang et al. 2015:112 [ref. 33694], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:351 [ref. 35417]). Current status: Valid as Enteromius amanpoae (Lambert 1961). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Central Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

amara, Barbodes Herre [A. W. C. T.] 1924:295 [Philippine Journal of Science v. 24 (no. 3); ref. 2118] Dansalan, Lake Lanao, Mindanao, Philippines. Holotype: BSMP 9167 (presumed destroyed). Paratypes: BSMP (14) presumed destroyed. Additional material: (40). Appeared without description in Herre 1924:1569 [ref. 2120]. •Valid as Barbodes amarus Herre 1924 -- (Kottelat 2013:77 [ref. 32989], Tan & Husana 2021:321 [ref. 38614], Jamandre 2023:164 [ref. 40455]). Current status: Valid as Barbodes amarus Herre 1924. Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Lake Lanao (Philippines) endemic. Habitat: freshwater.

amarus, Cyprinus Koch [C. L.] 1840:39 [Animalia vertebrata. Fauna Ratisbonensis; ref. 18429] Regensburg, Germany. No types known. Cuvier p. 364 cited; perhaps the same as Cyprinus amarus Bloch and not a new description. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Cyprinus amarus Bloch 1782. •Synonym of Carassius gibelio (Bloch 1782) -- (Kottelat 1997:51 [ref. 22952] with question, Dyldin & Orlov 2016:657 [ref. 34853], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:62 [ref. 37983]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Carassius gibelio (Bloch 1782). Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

amatolicus, Barbus Skelton [P. H.] 1990:189, Figs. 1-4 [South African Journal of Zoology. v. 25 (no. 3); ref. 16720] Isidenge River, tributary to Kubusi-Kei River system, on farm Isidenge Valley, about 32°40'S, 27°19'E, Cape Province, South Africa. Holotype: AMG 12622 [ex AMG P8666.8]. Paratypes: AMG 8451 (11 + 2 c&s), 8454 (21), 8458 (10), 8463 (20), 8666 (7), 12623 (3, c&s), 12624 (3, c&s). Plus other material. •Valid as Barbus amatolicus Skelton 1990 -- (Skelton 1993:134 [ref. 24071], Farm 2000:980 [ref. 25015], Skelton 2001:134 [ref. 27406]). •Valid as Enteromius amatolicus (Skelton 1990) -- (Yang et al. 2015:112 [ref. 33694], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:351 [ref. 35417]). Current status: Valid as Enteromius amatolicus (Skelton 1990). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: South Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

ambassis, Barbus Day [F.] 1869:583 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1868 (pt 3) (art. 5); ref. 21115] Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India. Syntypes and/or Day specimens: AMS B.7553 (1, syntype), BMNH 1889.2.1.681-85 (5), NMW 53688-89 (1, 1), RMNH 2686 (1), ZMB 11125 (1), ZSI A.788 (1). Type catalog: Whitehead & Talwar 1976:155 [ref. 23762], Ferraris et al. 2000:294 [ref. 25110]. •Synonym of Puntius guganio (Hamilton 1822) -- (Talwar & Jhingran 1991:273 [ref. 20764], Ataur Rahman 2003:147 [ref. 31338]). •Valid as Puntius ambassis (Day 1869) -- (Menon 1999:85 [ref. 24904], Menon et al. 2000:267 [ref. 25168], Jameela Beevi & Ramachandran 2005:85 [ref. 28531], Bleher 2018:702 [ref. 36647], Plamoottil 2019:717 [ref. 37157], Plamoottil & Johnson 2020:98 [ref. 37958]). Current status: Valid as Puntius ambassis (Day 1869). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: South Asia: peninsular India. Habitat: freshwater.

amblycephalus, Barbus Bleeker [P.] 1855:166 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 8 (no. 1); ref. 16837] Rivers, Pengaron, southeastern Borneo, Indonesia. Holotype (?): BMNH 1866.5.2.197. Bleeker specimen: BMNH 1866.5.2.197 (1), possible holotype. •Synonym of Barbonymus balleroides (Valenciennes 1942) -- (Kottelat 2013:80 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Barbonymus balleroides (Valenciennes 1842). Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater.

amblyceps, Cyclocheilichthys Fowler [H. W.] 1937:187, Figs. 140-141 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 89; ref. 1425] Bangkok, Thailand. Holotype: ANSP 68133. Paratypes: ANSP 68134 (1). Type catalog: Monkolprasit 1969:5 [ref. 25088], Böhlke 1984:68 [ref. 13621]. •Synonym of Cyclocheilichthys enoplos (Bleeker 1849) -- (Kottelat 2001:45 [ref. 25780]). •Synonym of Cyclocheilos enoplos (Bleeker 1849) -- (Kottelat 2013:93 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Cyclocheilos enoplos (Bleeker 1849). Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater.

amblyrhynchus, Puntius (Barbodes) Bleeker [P.] 1864:104, Pl. 144 (fig. 5) [Atlas ichthyologique des Indes Orientales Néêrlandaises v. 3; ref. 4859] Tjampea, Java, Indonesia. Holotype: BMNH 1866.5.2.188 (dry at one time). •Synonym of Barbodes binotatus (Valenciennes 1842) -- (Kottelat 2013:77 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Barbodes binotatus (Valenciennes 1842). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Habitat: freshwater.

amboseli, Barbus Banister [K. E.] 1980:145, Figs. 1-6 [Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Zoology v. 38 (no. 3); ref. 8749] Amboseli National Park, Kenya. Holotype: BMNH 1979.9.4.1. Paratypes: BMNH 1979.9.4.2-6 (5). •Valid as Barbus amboseli Banister 1980 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:224 [ref. 6186], Farm 2000:979 [ref. 25015]). •Synonym of Barbus apleurogramma Boulenger 1911 -- (Seegers et al. 2003:30 [ref. 28087]). •Synonym of Enteromius apleurogramma (Boulenger 1911) -- (Hayes & Armbruster 2017:351 [ref. 35417]). •Valid as Enteromius amboseli (Banister 1980) -- (Schmidt et al. 2018:571 [ref. 36148], Englmaier et al. 2020:137 [ref. 37252]). Current status: Valid as Enteromius amboseli (Banister 1980). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Middle Athi River drainage, southern Kenya. Habitat: freshwater.

ambusticauda, Balantiocheilos Ng [H. H.] & Kottelat [M.] 2007:14, Figs. 1a, 2a, 3a [Zootaxa No. 1463; ref. 29118] Bung Borapet, Nakhon Sawan Province, Thailand. Holotype: MHNG 2689.096. Paratypes: ANSP 87831 (3), 87209 (2); MNHN 1847 (5), A-6333 (1); MHNG 2158.45 (3). •Valid as Balantiocheilos ambusticauda Ng & Kottelat 2007 -- (Kottelat 2013:74 [ref. 32989], Taki et al. 2021:169 [ref. 39830]). Current status: Valid as Balantiocheilos ambusticauda Ng & Kottelat 2007. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: lower and middle Mekong and Chao Phraya River basins, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia and Vietnam [possibly extinct]. Habitat: freshwater.

americanus, Carassius auratus var. Wolf [H. T.] 1908:39, Fig. 6 [ ref. 34771] Domesticated goldfish. No types known. •Synonym of Carassius auratus (Linnaeus 1758). Current status: Synonym of Carassius auratus (Linnaeus 1758). Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater.

amguidensis, Barbus biscarensis Pellegrin [J.] 1934:56 [Mémories de la Société d'Histoire Naturelle de l'Afrique du Nord v. 4 (no. 3); ref. 19568] Amguid, Algeria. Lectotype: MNHN 1932-0034. Paralectotypes: MNHN 1931-0101 (1), 1932-0033 (1), 1932-0035 (1). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:39 [ref. 19574] as amguibensis. Lectotype selected by Almaça 1969:1134 [ref. 20712]. •Synonym of Barbus callensis Valenciennes 1842 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:236 [ref. 6186]). •Valid as Luciobarbus amguidensis (Pellegrin 1934) -- (Levin et al. 2012:544 [ref. 33912]). Current status: Valid as Luciobarbus amguidensis (Pellegrin 1934). Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Distribution: Algeria. Habitat: freshwater.

amir, Scaphiodon Heckel [J. J.] 1847:258 [Reisen in Europa, Asien und Africa v. 2 (pt 3); ref. 2068] Araxes River, Iran. Syntypes: NMW 16508 (1, dry), 46081 (6); RMNH 2682 [ex NMW] (1). •Synonym of Capoeta damascina (Valenciennes 1842) -- (Coad 1991:15 [ref. 15702], Coad 1995:14 [ref. 23608], Esmaeili et al. 2010:368 [ref. 33391]). •Synonym of Capoeta saadii (Heckel 1847) -- (Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:868 [ref. 34062], Esmaeili et al. 2015:120 [ref. 35030], Esmaeili et al. 2017:40 [ref. 35254], Zareian & Esmaeili 2017:253 [ref. 36090], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:53 [ref. 37983], Çiçek et al. 2024:164 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Capoeta saadii (Heckel 1847). Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Habitat: freshwater.

amirhosseini, Garra Esmaeili [H. R.], Sayyadzadeh [G.], Coad [B. W.] & Eagderi [S.] 2016:87, Figs. 2-10 [Iranian Journal of Ichthyology v. 3 (no. 2); ref. 34620] Sartang-e-Bijar hot spring at Mehran, TigrisRiver drainage, Ilam Province, Iran, 33°46'16.3''N, 45°56'17.2''E. Holotype: ZM-CBSU H1216. Paratypes: ZM-CBSU. •Valid as Garra amirhosseini Esmaeili, Sayyadzadeh, Coad & Eagderi 2016 -- (Freyhof 2016:500 [ref. 34805], Esmaeili et al. 2017:46 [ref. 35254], Esmaeili et al. 2018:26 [ref. 36089], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:69 [ref. 37983], Zamani-Faradonbe et al. 2021:268 [ref. 38079], Zamani-Faradonbe et al. 2021:385 [ref. 38714], Çiçek et al. 2024:113 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Garra amirhosseini Esmaeili, Sayyadzadeh, Coad & Eagderi 2016. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Middle East: Tigris River drainage (Iran). Habitat: freshwater.

ampalong, Capoeta Bleeker [P.] 1852:594 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 3 (no. 4); ref. 334] Palembang, Sumatra, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): ?RMNH 4968. Bleeker specimens: BMNH 1866.5.2.112 (1). •Valid as Hampala ampalong (Bleeker 1852) -- (Kottelat et al. 1993:35 [ref. 23448], Doi & Taki 1994:405 [ref. 21214], Doi 1997:6 [ref. 22832]). Current status: Valid as Hampala ampalong (Bleeker 1852). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Sumatra and western Borneo. Habitat: freshwater.

amphibia, Capoeta Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1842:282, Pl. 478 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 16; ref. 1009] Bombay [probably presidency and not Mumbai proper], India. Lectotype: MNHN 0000-0073. Paralectotypes: MNHN 2005-0006 [ex MNHN 0000-0073] (1). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:26 [ref. 19574]. Pethiyagoda & Kottelat 2005:150 [ref. 28275] established the lectotype. See also Pethiyagoda & Kottelat 2005:150 [ref. 28275] for locality information and comments on validity. •Valid as Barbus (Puntius) amphibius (Valenciennes 1842) -- (Guibé & Spillmann 1958:463 [ref. 26589] with authors as Cuvier & Valenciennes). •Valid as Puntius amphibius (Valenciennes 1842) -- (Pethiyagoda 1991:91 [ref. 20075], Talwar & Jhingran 1991:257 [ref. 20764], Indra 1993:183 [ref. 24009], Indra 1994:414 [ref. 24015], Rema Devi et al. 1996:133 [ref. 24021], Zacharias et al. 1996:40 [ref. 25526], Rema Devi & Raghunathan 1999:152 [ref. 24759], Rema Devi & Raghunathan 1999:169 [ref. 24760], Rema Devi et al. 1999:156 [ref. 24758], Menon 1999:85 [ref. 24904], Raju Thomas et al. 2000:444 [ref. 25319], Arunachalam et al. 2001:128 [ref. 25692], Raju Thomas et al. 2002:49 [ref. 26359], Yadav 2003:11 [ref. 27711], Kullander & Fang 2005:297 [ref. 28193], Pethiyagoda & Kottelat 2005:150 [ref. 28275] but with question, Silva et al. 2008:55 [ref. 29719] as not occurring in Sri Lanka, Pethiyagoda et al. 2008:209 [ref. 29986], Kumar et al. 2012:32 [ref. 31807], Pethiyagoda et al. 2012:73 [ref. 32071], Plamoottil 2016:5 [ref. 34781] as ampibius, Arunkumar & Manimekalan 2018:1739 [ref. 36172], Bleher 2018:704 [ref. 36647], Plamoottil & Johnson 2020:96 [ref. 37958], Ren et al. 2020:[5] [ref. 37805], Plamoottil & Vineeth 2020:101 [ref. 38032] as ampibius). Current status: Valid as Puntius amphibius (Valenciennes 1842). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: South Asia: Western Ghats (India). Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

amphigramma, Barbus Boulenger [G. A.] 1903:53, Pl. 5 (fig. 4) [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 11 (no. 61) (art. 3); ref. 15013] Nairobi River, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania, elevation 6500 feet. Syntypes: BMNH 1902.11.8.24-26 (3). Species epithet a noun in apposition, therefore correct as amphigramma. •Valid as Barbus amphigramma Boulenger 1903 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:224 [ref. 6186]). •Synonym of Barbus paludinosus Peters 1852 -- (Seegers 1996:129 [ref. 23725], Seegers et al. 2003:32 [ref. 28087] as 'Barbus'). •See De Vos & Thys van den Audenaerde 1990:153 [ref. 20130]. •Valid as Enteromius amphigramma (Boulenger 1903) -- (Skelton 2019:231 [ref. 36564]). •Synonym of Enteromius paludinosus (Peters 1852) -- (Hayes & Armbruster 2017:354 [ref. 35417]). Current status: Synonym of Enteromius paludinosus (Peters 1852). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Habitat: freshwater.

analimaculatus, Barbus Schreitmüller [W.] 1929:433, Fig. [Wochenschrift für Aquarien- und Terrarienkunde v. 26 (no. 29); ref. 33636] Japan (?) -- probably in error, possibly southeast Asia. No types known. Named analipunctatus by Schreitmüller 1936:93 [ref. 33637]. •In Oreichthys or Pethia? Nomen Dubium. Current status: Unknown. Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Habitat: freshwater.

analipunktatus, Barbus Schreitmüller [W.] 1936:93 [Nachrichtenblatt für Aquarien- und Terrarien-Vereine 1936 (Nr. 8); ref. 33637] Hinterindien (aquarium import Paris). No types known. Not an original description, same species as Barbus analimaculatus Schreitmüller 1929. Also seen as Barbus analipunctatus. •Possibly a species of Oreichthys or Pethia? Misspelling. Current status: Unknown. Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae.

anamisensis, Capoeta Zareian [H.], Esmaeili [H. R.] & Freyhof [J.] 2016:133, Figs. 3-5, 6a, 7a and 8 [Zootaxa 4083 (no. 1); ref. 34227] Moradabad River at Ziarat Ali, Minab River drainage, Hormuzgan Province, Iran, 27°45'47.6"N, 57°14'31.8"E. Holotype: ZM-CBSU Z131. Paratypes: FSJF, ZM-CBSU. •Valid as Capoeta anamisensis Zareian, Esmaeili & Freyhof 2016 -- (Esmaeili et al. 2016:42 [ref. 34283], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2016:169 [ref. 34989], Esmaeili et al. 2017:39 [ref. 35254], Esmaeili et al. 2018:18 [ref. 36089], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:39 [ref. 37983], Eagderi & Mousavi-Sabet 2021:41 [ref. 38914]). •Valid as Paracapoeta anamisensis (Zareian, Esmaeili & Freyhof 2016) -- (Turan et al. 2022:207 [ref. 39361], Çiçek et al. 2024:175 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Paracapoeta anamisensis (Zareian, Esmaeili & Freyhof 2016). Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Distribution: Middle East: Minab and Hasan Langi River drainages, Makran (Iran). Habitat: freshwater.

anatirostris, Sinocyclocheilus Lin [R.-D.] & Luo [Z.-F.] 1986:380, Fig. 1 [Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica v. 10 (no. 4); ref. 16251] In caves, branches of Bailang subterranean River, Ling-Yün, Guangxi, China, about 24°45'N, 106°30'E. Syntypes: IHASW 83 III221-22 (1, 1), 84 VII223-26 (4). Zhao et al. 2021:148 [ref. 39337] report IHASW 84 VII225 as holotype. •Valid as Sinocyclocheilus anatirostris Lin & Luo 1986 -- (Chen & Yang 1993:123 [ref. 24946], Zhu 1995:54 [ref. 25213], Chen et al. 1997:220 [ref. 23733], Zhou & Li 1998:141 [ref. 28158], Kottelat & Bréhier 1999:356 [ref. 24929], Shan et al. in Yue 2000:80 [ref. 25272], Zhang & Zhao 2001:105 [ref. 25250], Romero & Paulson 2001:18 [ref. 26040], Li et al. 2003:81 [ref. 28167], Zhou et al. 2004:591, 594 [ref. 27905], Proudlove 2006:70 [ref. 28992], Zhao & Zhang 2006:773 [ref. 31176], Romero et al. 2009 [ref. 30522], Zhao et al. 2011:1550 [ref. 31493], Liang et al. 2011:371 [ref. 31561], Zheng et al. 2013:750 [ref. 32137], Ma & Zhao 2012:109 [ref. 34891], Lan et al. 2013:223 [ref. 32910], Chen et al. 2016:7 [ref. 34372], Zhang et al. 2016:98 [ref. 34477], Liu et al. 2018:[7] [ref. 35769] with authors and date as Zhao & Zhang 2009, Zhao et al. 2021:148 [ref. 39337]). Current status: Valid as Sinocyclocheilus anatirostris Lin & Luo 1986. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: East Asia: underground river system, Hongshuihe River basin, Guangxi (China). IUCN (1996): Vulnerable. Habitat: freshwater.

anatolicus, Barbus Turan [D.], Kaya [C.], Geiger [M. F.] & Freyhof [J.] 2018:542, Figs. 2-4, 5a, 6a, 7 [Zootaxa 4461 (no. 4); ref. 36092] Kızılırmak River at Kesikköprü, Kırşehir province, Turkey, 38°57'39''N, 34°11'57''E. Holotype: FFR 08811. Paratypes: FFR, FSJF. Plus additional non-type material. Type catalog: Kaya et al. 2021:402 [ref. 38688]. •Valid as Barbus anatolicus Turan, Kaya, Geiger & Freyhof 2018 -- (Çiçek et al. 2018:4 [ref. 36267], Levin et al. 2019:42 [ref. 36643], Çiçek et al. 2020:246 [ref. 37644], Yogurtçuoglu et al. 2020:[3] [ref. 37627], Güçlü et al. 2021:125 [ref. 38911], Çiçek et al. 2023:364 [ref. 40625], Çiçek et al. 2024:145 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Barbus anatolicus Turan, Kaya, Geiger & Freyhof 2018. Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Distribution: Asia Minor: southern Black Sea basin: Kızılırmak and Yeşilırmak River drainages (Turkey). Habitat: freshwater.

anatolicus, Cyprinus carpio Hankó [B.] 1925:150, Pl. 3 (fig. 10) [Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici v. 21 (for 29 Dec. 1924); ref. 2035] Pursak [Porsuk] River and Eski-Chehir and Kötschke-Kissik, Turkey. Syntypes: (6) whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Kottelat 1997:57 [ref. 22952], Barus et al. in Bănărescu & Paepke 2002:86 [ref. 25856], Kottelat 2013:94 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

anchisporus, Barbus Vaillant [L. L.] 1902:96, Fig. 72 [Notes from the Leyden Museum v. 24 (note 1); ref. 4490] Kapuas River, Borneo, Indonesia. Lectotype: RMNH 7732. Paralectotypes: MNHN 1903-0193 (1); RMNH 12241 [ex RMNH 7732] (5). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:30 [ref. 19574]. Lectotype selected by Alfred 1963:138 [ref 28886]. •Valid as Puntius anchisporus (Vaillant 1902) -- (Roberts 1989:60 [ref. 6439], Kottelat 1992:187 [ref. 16750], Kottelat et al. 1993:42 [ref. 23448], Doi 1997:10 [ref. 22832], Kottelat & Widjanarti 2005:153 [ref. 28284], Kottelat & Tan 2011:213 [ref. 31694]). •Valid as Systomus anchisporus (Vaillant 1902) -- (Kottelat & Tan 2011:213 [ref. 31694], Tan 2012:288 [ref. 32058]). •Valid as Puntigrus anchisporus (Vaillant 1902) -- (Kottelat 2013:147 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Valid as Puntigrus anchisporus (Vaillant 1902). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Borneo. Habitat: freshwater.

andrewi, Barbus Barnard [K. H.] 1937:305 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 10) v. 19 (no. 110); ref. 17314] Berg River, southwestern Cape, South Africa. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1901.2.11.9 [ex SAM]. •Valid as Barbus andrewi Barnard 1937 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:225 [ref. 6186], Skelton 1993:165 [ref. 24071], Skelton 2001:165 [ref. 27406], Chakona & Swartz 2013:576 [ref. 32786]). •Synonym of Pseudobarbus capensis (Smith 1841) -- (Vreven et al. 2016:21 [ref. 34168]). •Synonym of Cheilobarbus capensis (Smith 1841) -- (Skelton et al. 2018:22 [ref. 35835]). Current status: Synonym of Cheilobarbus capensis (Smith 1841). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Habitat: freshwater.

andrewi, Oreichthys Knight [J. D. M.] 2014:5358, Figs. 1, 2A [Journal of Threatened Taxa v. 6 (no. 1); ref. 33151] River Dibru at Guijan Gnat, Tinsukia District, Assam, India, 27.579°N, 95.329°E. Holotype (unique): ZSI/SRC F 8755. •Valid as Oreichthys andrewi Knight 2014 -- (Knight & Kumar 2015:166 [ref. 33663], Bleher 2018:624 [ref. 36647]). Current status: Valid as Oreichthys andrewi Knight 2014. Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Upper Brahmaputra basin, Assam, India. Habitat: freshwater.

andruzzii, Phreatichthys Vinciguerra [D.] 1924:240 [2], Figured [Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale `Giacomo Doria' v. 51 (for 1923); ref. 4523] A spring near Bud-Bud, 4°11.5'N, 46°30'E [actual 4°11'19"N, 46°28'21"E], Uaesle, Somalia. Syntypes: MSNG 18259 (orig. 6, now 4); MSNM 31 [ex MSNM 4318] (1). Type catalog: Tortonese 1961:185 [ref. 10343], Conci & Michelangeli 1974:225 [ref. 21560]. On p. 2 of separate. •Valid as Phreatichthys andruzzii Vinciguerra 1924 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:330 [ref. 6186], Poll & Gosse 1995:161 [ref. 24781] as andruzii, Romero & Paulson 2001:17 [ref. 26040], Proudlove 2006:59 [ref. 28992]). •Valid as Garra andruzzii (Vinciguerra 1924). Current status: Valid as Garra andruzzii (Vinciguerra 1924). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Somalia. Habitat: freshwater.

anema, Barbus Boulenger [G. A.] 1903:533 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 12 (no. 71) (art. 52); ref. 15019] Nile River between Assuan and Luxor, White Nile, Egypt. Syntypes: BMNH 1907.12.2.1336-37 (2) Luxor, 1907.12.2.1238-43 (6) Fashoda, 1907.12.2.1244-49 (6), 1907.12.2.1250-52 (3), 1907.12.2.1253-54 (2) Gondokoro; MNHN 1907-0200 (2). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:30-31 [ref. 19574]. •Valid as Barbus anema Boulenger 1903 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:225 [ref. 6186], Lévêque 1989:211 [ref. 13471], Lévêque 1989:169 [ref. 12829], Lévêque in Lévêque et al. 1990:329 [ref. 21589], Farm 2000:979 [ref. 25015]). •Synonym of Barbus macrops Boulenger 1911 -- (Lévêque 1990:42 [ref. 19786]). •Valid as Enteromius anema (Boulenger 1903) -- (Yang et al. 2015:112 [ref. 33694], Neumann et al. 2016:304 [ref. 35036], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:351 [ref. 35417], Ren et al. 2020:[5] [ref. 37805], Prokofiev et al. 2021:17 [ref. 38739]). Current status: Valid as Enteromius anema (Boulenger 1903). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Africa: Nilo-Sudan River basins. Habitat: freshwater.

angorae, Varicorhinus capoeta Hankó [B.] 1925:147, Pl. 3 (fig. 3) [Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici v. 21 (for 29 Dec. 1924); ref. 2035] Bozanti, Asia Minor. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. •Valid as Capoeta angorae (Hankó 1925) -- (Turan et al. 2006:152 [ref. 28700], Fricke et al. 2007:34 [ref. 29533], Özuluğ & Freyhof 2008:293 [ref. 29981], Schöter et al. 2009:235 [ref. 30707], Levin et al. 2012:544 [ref. 33912], Çiçek et al. 2015:143 [ref. 35151], Zareian et al. 2016:72 [ref. 34282]). •Synonym of Capoeta damascina (Valenciennes 1842) -- (Alwan et al. 2016:17 [ref. 35686], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:44 [ref. 37983], Çiçek et al. 2024:158 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Capoeta damascina (Valenciennes 1842). Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Habitat: freshwater.

angra, Cyprinus Hamilton [F.] 1822:331, 391 [An account of the fishes found in the river Ganges; ref. 2031] Brahmaputra River, India. No types known. Hamilton's original, unpublished illustration reproduced by Britz 2019:Pl. 200 [ref. 37532]. •Valid as Labeo angra (Hamilton 1822) -- (Shrestha 1978:35 [ref. 15970], Coad 1981:11 [ref. 22348], Ataur Rahman 1989:117 [ref. 24860], Talwar & Jhingran 1991:198 [ref. 20764], Doi 1997:6 [ref. 22832], Menon 1999:125 [ref. 24904], Jayaram & Dhas 2000:30 [ref. 25342], Karmakar 2000:28 [ref. 25662], Mirza 2003:6 [ref. 27265], Ataur Rahman 2003:134 [ref. 31338], Shrestha 2008:67 [ref. 29923], Ahmed et al. 2013:285 [ref. 32872], Kottelat 2013:114 [ref. 32989], Bleher 2018:574 [ref. 36647], Tudu et al. 2022:43 [ref. 40484], Çiçek et al. 2023:19 [ref. 40326]) Current status: Valid as Labeo angra (Hamilton 1822). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: South Asia: Kabul, Ganges and Brahmaputra River basins (Pakistan, Afghanistan, India, Nepal, Bangladesh and Myanmar). Habitat: freshwater.

angreni, Schizothorax intermedius Turdakov [F. A.] 1968:40 [Kyrgyz SSR Ilimder Akademijasynyn kabarlary = Izvestia Akademii Nauk Kirgizskoj SSR. Serija biologiceskich nauk. 1968; ref. 7928] Angren River, Uzbekistan. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Cyprinidae: Schizothoracinae. Habitat: freshwater.

angularis, Sinocyclocheilus Zheng [J.] & Wang [J.] 1990:251 [254], Figs. 1-3 [Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica v. 15 (no. 2); ref. 20191] Karst cave in Panxian County, 25°26'N, 104°45'E, Guizhou, China, elevation 1540 meters. Holotype: ZMC 860215. Paratypes: IHASW 8602199 [12209032] (1); ZMC 860214 (1). English description on p. 254. •Valid as Sinocyclocheilus angularis Zheng & Wang 1990 -- (Chen & Yang 1993:123 [ref. 24946], Zhu 1995:546 [ref. 25213], Wang & Liao 1997:1 [ref. 28149], Zhou & Li 1998:141 [ref. 28158], Kottelat & Bréhier 1999:356 [ref. 24929], Shan et al. in Yue 2000:81 [ref. 25272], Zhang & Zhao 2001:105 [ref. 25250], Romero & Paulson 2001:18 [ref. 26040], Proudlove 2006:74 [ref. 28992], Zhao & Zhang 2006:773 [ref. 31176], Li et al. 2007:2 [ref. 29378], Romero et al. 2009 [ref. 30522], Zhao et al. 2011:1551 [ref. 31493], Zhu & Zhu 2012:226 [ref. 31831], Zhang et al. 2016:99 [ref. 34477], Liu et al. 2018:[7] [ref. 35769], Zhao et al. 2021:152 [ref. 39337], Fan et al. 2024:128 [ref. 41616]). Current status: Valid as Sinocyclocheilus angularis Zheng & Wang 1990. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: East Asia: Panxian, Beipanjiang River drainage, Guizhou (China). IUCN (1996): Vulnerable. Habitat: freshwater.

angulatus, Cyprinus Heckel [J. J.] 1843:1013 [Ichthyologie [von Syrien]. In Russegger v. 1 (pt 2); ref. 2066] No description, not available; from Hungary. •In the synonymy of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Kottelat 1997:57 [ref. 22952], Kottelat 2013:94 [ref. 32989]). Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

angulostoma, Garra Mai [D. Y.] 1978:59, Fig. 24 [Identification of the fresh-water fishes of North Viet Nam v. 1; ref. 13511] Fast-running creeks in northern Vietnam. Holotype (unique): DVZUT (lost). Mai's spelling of this species was angulostoma (3 places). •Synonym of Garra caudofasciata (Pellegrin & Chevey 1936) -- (Kottelat 2001:24 [ref. 25482] wrongly as angulostomata on pp. 15, 24 and 81, Kottelat 2001:50 [ref. 25780] with question). •Synonym of Placocheilus caudofasciatus (Pellegrin & Chevey 1936) -- (Zheng et al. 2002:210 [ref. 27464], Kottelat 2013:142 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Placocheilus caudofasciatus (Pellegrin & Chevey 1936). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater.

angustatus, Barbus Kamensky [S. N.] 1899:88 [German p. 153] [Die Cypriniden der Kaukasusländer und ihrer angrenzenden Meere; ref. 14707] Kura River near Borzhom, Caucasus. Holotype: ZIN 10416 (1 of 2, 167 mm). •Synonym of Barbus lacerta Heckel 1843, subspecies cyri De Filippi 1865 -- (Berg 1949:694 [ref. 20661]). •Synonym of Barbus lacerta Heckel 1843 -- (Coad 1995:12 [ref. 23608], Bogutskaya in Bănărescu & Bogutskaya 2003:251 [ref. 27353]). •Synonym of Barbus cyri De Filippi 1865 -- (Khaefi et al. 2017:96 [ref. 35344], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:33 [ref. 37983], Çiçek et al. 2024:147 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Barbus cyri De Filippi 1865. Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Habitat: freshwater.

angustiporus, Sinocyclocheilus Zheng [C.-Y.] & Xie [J.-H.] 1985:123 [English p. 126], Fig. 1 [Transactions of the Chinese Ichthyological Society No. 4; ref. 20913] Mabie River, Xingyi city (ca. 25°05'N, 104°53'E), Guizhou Province, China. Holotype: IHASW 12209016-81X2001. Paratypes: 81X2002 to 2013 (12) in Dept. Biol., Yinan Univ., Guizhou College of Pedagogy, and IHASW. •Valid as Sinocyclocheilus angustiporus Zheng & Xie 1985 -- (Chu & Cui in Chu & Chen 1989:171 [ref. 13584], Zhu 1995:53 [ref. 25213], Shan et al. in Yue 2000:73 [ref. 25272], Li et al. 2005:2 [ref. 28653], Romero et al. 2009 [ref. 30522] in error, Zhao & Zhang 2006:773 [ref. 31176], Zhao et al. 2011:1551 [ref. 31493], Ma & Zhao 2012:109 [ref. 34891], Pan et al. 2013:368 [ref. 32821], Cheng et al. 2015:36 [ref. 34631], Zhang et al. 2016:99 [ref. 34477], Li et al. 2019:63 [ref. 36488], Zhao et al. 2021:266 [ref. 39337], Fan et al. 2024:133 [ref. 41616]). Current status: Valid as Sinocyclocheilus angustiporus Zheng & Xie 1985. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: East Asia: Beipanjiang River drainage, Guizhou and Yunnan (China). IUCN (2024): Not Assessed. Habitat: freshwater.

angustistomatus, Varicorhinus Fang [P.-W.] 1941:139 [Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France v. 65 (no. 3) [for 1940]; ref. 13122] Sui-Fou, Szechuan, China. Syntypes: MNHN 1940-0138 (1), NRIBAS M.1690 (1), M. 1776-1778 (? now 2). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:48 [ref. 19574]. The species epithet angustistomatus is an adjective; it is spelled angustistomatum when in Onychostoma. •Valid as Varicorhinus angustistomatus Fang 1941 -- (Wu et al. 1977:313 [ref. 4807]). •Valid as Onychostoma angustistomatum (Fang 1941) (often seen as angustistomata) -- (Bănărescu 1971:245 [ref. 7666], Ding 1994:334 [ref. 21531], Shan et al. in Yue 2000:139 [ref. 25272], Tang et al. 2001:13 [ref. 25373], Xin et al. 2009:261 [ref. 30708], Hoang et al. 2015:123 [ref. 33811], Zhang et al. 2016:92 [ref. 34477], Song et al. 2018:160 [ref. 35890], Guo 2021:368 [ref. 38617]). Current status: Valid as Onychostoma angustistomatum (Fang 1941). Cyprinidae: Acrossocheilinae. Distribution: East Asia: Yangtze River basin (China). IUCN (2023): Critically Endangered. Habitat: freshwater.

angustus, Poropuntius Kottelat [M.] 2000:46, Fig. 14 [Journal of South Asian Natural History v. 5 (no. 1); ref. 25040] Houay Houn, about 3 kilometers upstream of Ban Houay Lek, in gorges, about 20°32'32"N, 102°40'51"E, Louangphabang Province, Laos. Holotype: ZRC 45308. Paratypes: CMK 14016 (1), 14225 (8), 14334 (2); LARRI uncat. (2); NRM 44886 (2), ZRC 45309 (2). •Valid as Poropuntius angustus Kottelat 2000 -- (Kottelat 2001:69 [ref. 25780], Taki et al. 2021:122 [ref. 39830]). •Synonym of Poropuntius huangchuchieni (Tchang 1962) -- (Hoang et al. 2024:210 [ref. 41179]). Current status: Synonym of Poropuntius huangchuchieni (Tchang 1962). Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater.

anisolepida, Schizothorax eurystomus var. Kessler [K. F.] 1872:54 [10], Pl. 8 (figs. 13-15) [Izvestiia Imperatorskago Obschchestva Liubitelei Estestvozaniia, Antropologii i Etnografii v. 10 (no. 1); ref. 14134] Urgut River, Uzbekistan. Holotype (unique): ZIN 4019. On p. 10 of separate. As Schizothorax anisolepidus in plate caption. Cyprinidae: Schizothoracinae. Habitat: freshwater.

anisurus, Gobio McClelland [J.] 1839:278, 360, Pl. 40 (fig. 2) [Asiatic Researches v. 19 (pt 2); ref. 2923] Higher parts of Brahmaputra, India. No types known. •Synonym of Labeo bata (Hamilton 1822) -- (Kottelat 2013:115 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Labeo bata (Hamilton 1822). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater.

anjac, Oreinus Fowler [H. W.] & Steinitz [H.] 1956:267, Figs. 17-21 [Bulletin of the Research Council of Israel v. 5B (no. 3-4); ref. 1478] Zabol, 31°02'N, 61°30'E, eastern Iran. Holotype (unique): ANSP 71949. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:68 [ref. 13621]. •Valid as Oreinus najac Fowler & Steinitz 1956 -- (Coad 1981:12 [ref. 22348]). •Synonym of Schizothorax zarudnyi (Nikolskii 1897) -- (Coad 1995:20 [ref. 23608], Esmaeili et al. 2010:371 [ref. 33391], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:880 [ref. 34062], Esmaeili et al. 2017:57 [ref. 35254], Esmaeili et al. 2018:38 [ref. 36089], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:94 [ref. 37983], Çiçek et al. 2024:180 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Schizothorax zarudnyi (Nikolskii 1897). Cyprinidae: Schizothoracinae. Habitat: freshwater.

anlaoensis, Poropuntius Hoàng [H. D.], Phạm [H. M.] & Trần [N. T.] in Hoàng, Phạm, Trần, Durand, Wu, Pfeiffer, Chen & Page 2024:213, Fig. 5 [ZooKeys No. 1204; ref. 41179] An Lão drainage, Bình Định Province, Vietnam, 14°40'30.6"N, 108°54'13.4"E, elevation 547 meters. Holotype: UNS 00762. Paratypes: UF 249109 (5), UNS 2013-19-01 (5). •Valid as Poropuntius anlaoensis Hoàng, Phạm & Trần 2024. Current status: Valid as Poropuntius anlaoensis Hoàng, Phạm & Trần 2024. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: southern Annam ecoregion and possibly endemic to the coastal side of the Annamite Cordillera, Vietnam. Habitat: freshwater.

annacarolina, Cyprinus Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1803:492, 544, Pl. 18 (fig. 1) [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 5; ref. 4930] No locality. No types known. Based on a painting at MNHN. Originally anna-carolina. Kottelat 2006:30 [ref. 28831] gave precedence to C. rubrofuscus. •Synonym of Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacepède 1803 -- (Kottelat 2006:30 [ref. 28831], Bogutskaya et al. 2008:321 [ref. 30085], Kottelat 2013:96 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacepède 1803. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

annamensis, Barbus (Puntius) Pellegrin [J.] & Chevey [P.] 1936:225, Fig. 3 [Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France v. 61 (no. 3); ref. 13735] Hang Giang, China Sea slope, Annam, Vietnam. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1935-0337. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:41 [ref. 19574]. •Valid as Lissochilus annamensis (Pellegrin & Chevey 1936) -- (Mai 1978:95 [ref. 13511], Nguyen 1997:4 [ref. 24128]). •Valid as Hypsibarbus annamensis (Pellegrin & Chevey 1936) -- (Rainboth 1996:55 [ref. 22681], Doi 1997:6 [ref. 22832], Kottelat 2013:112 [ref. 32989]). •Synonym of Poropuntius krempfi (Pellegrin & Chevey 1934) -- (Hoang et al. 2024:208 [ref. 41179]). Current status: Synonym of Poropuntius krempfi (Pellegrin & Chevey 1934). Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater.

annandalei, Barbus Fowler [H. W.] 1924:87, Fig. 6 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 76; ref. 15446] Sutlej River near Ludhiana, India. Holotype (unique): MCZ 18655. •Synonym of Puntius sophore (Hamilton 1822) -- (Talwar & Jhingran 1991:288 [ref. 20764], Menon 1999:101 [ref. 24904], Kottelat 2013:149 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Puntius sophore (Hamilton 1822). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

annandalei, Diptychus Regan [C. T.] 1907:157 [Records of the Indian Museum (Calcutta) v. 1 (pt. 2); ref. 12987] Pharping, Nepal. Syntypes: BMNH 1907.2.23.3 (1), ZSI F1551/1 (2). Type catalog: Menon & Yazdani 1968:108 [ref. 20743]. •Valid as Schizothoraichthys annandalei (Regan 1907) -- (Shrestha 1978:37 [ref. 15970]). •Synonym of Oreinus richardsonii (Gray 1832) -- (Menon 1999:107 [ref. 24904]). •Synonym of Schizothorax richardsonii (Gray 1832). Current status: Synonym of Schizothorax richardsonii (Gray 1832). Cyprinidae: Schizothoracinae. Habitat: freshwater.

annandalei, Garra Hora [S. L.] 1921:657 [Records of the Indian Museum (Calcutta) v. 22 (pt 5, no. 29); ref. 15314] Assam, and various streams at the base of the Darjiling [Darjeeling] Himalayas, West Bengal, India. Syntypes: ZSI F10104/1 (5). Type catalog: Menon & Yazdani 1968:109 [ref. 20743]. See Das 2003:357 [ref. 27706]. •Valid as Garra annandalei Hora 1921 -- (Shrestha 1978:35 [ref. 15970], Vishwanath & Sarojnalini 1988:125 [ref. 16290], Ataur Rahman 1989:142 [ref. 24860], Talwar & Jhingran 1991:419 [ref. 20764], Sen 1995:535 [ref. 23778], Menon 1999:142 [ref. 24904], Kundu 2000:96 [ref. 25663], Karmakar 2000:29 [ref. 25662], Ataur Rahman 2003:161 [ref. 31338], Shrestha 2008:118 [ref. 29923], Nebeshwar et al. 2009:201 [ref. 30177], Conway et al. 2011:1755 [ref. 31594], Nebeshwar et al. 2012:2354 [ref. 31816], Lalronunga et al. 2013:4372 [ref. 32715], Tamang 2013:39 [ref. 32803], Gurung et al. 2013:4883 [ref. 32969], Arunachalam et al. 2013:62 [ref. 33195], Arunachalam et al. 2013:121 [ref. 33196], Arunachalam et al. 2014:64 [ref. 33404], Arunachalam & Nandagopal 2014:49 [ref. 33405], Nebeshwar & Vishwanath 2015:320 [ref. 33758], Thoni et al. 2016:116 [ref. 34747], Nebeshwar & Vishwanath 2017:49 [ref. 35484], Rayamajhi & Arunachalam 2017:406 [ref. 35691], Moyon & Arunkumar 2018:112 [ref. 36388], Bleher 2018:468 [ref. 36647], Bhakta et al. 2022:[2] [ref. 38967], Tudu et al. 2022:43 [ref. 40484], Surachita et al. 2023:271 [ref. 40063]). Current status: Valid as Garra annandalei Hora 1921. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: South Asia: Brahmaputra River basin (India and Nepal); introduced in Maharashtra (India). Habitat: freshwater.

annectens, Barbus Gilchrist [J. D. F.] & Thompson [W. W.] 1917:554 [Annals of the South African Museum v. 11 (pt 6); ref. 15119] Sabi River, Transvaal [now Gauteng], South Africa. Holotype (unique): SAM (missing). •Valid as Barbus annectens Gilchrist & Thompson 1917 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:225 [ref. 6186], Skelton 1993:136 [ref. 24071], Skelton 2001:136 [ref. 27406], Marshall 2011:80 [ref. 31755]). •Valid as Enteromius annectens (Gilchrist & Thompson 1917) -- (Yang et al. 2015:112 [ref. 33694], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:351 [ref. 35417]). Current status: Valid as Enteromius annectens (Gilchrist & Thompson 1917). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Southeastern Africa: Zambezi to KwaZulu-Natal. Habitat: freshwater.

annectens, Labeo Boulenger [G. A.] 1903:23, Pl. 2 (fig. 1) [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1903, v. 1 (pt 1) (art. 3); ref. 570] Near Efulen [Efoulen], Camopo River trib to Kribi River, southern Cameroon. Lectotype: BMNH 1902.11.12.137. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1902.11.12.138 (1). Lectotype selected by Reid 1985:243 [ref. 19189]. •Questionably a synonym of Labeo parvus Boulenger 1902 -- (Reid 1985:240 [ref. 19189]). •Valid as Labeo annectens Boulenger 1903 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:305 [ref. 6186], Tshibwabwa 1997:114 [ref. 24616], Tshibwabwa 1997:417 [ref. 24617], Tshibwabwa et al. 2006:33 [ref. 28698], De Weirdt et al. 2007:553 [ref. 30024], Skelton 2019:233 [ref. 36564], Kiselkewa et al. 2020:[8] 707 [ref. 38315], Fermon et al. 2022:134 [ref. 39448], Loyandja et al. 2022:[11] [ref. 39441]). Current status: Valid as Labeo annectens Boulenger 1903. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Western-central Africa: southern Ca,eroon south to Angola, including Congo River basin. Habitat: freshwater.

anniae, Barbus Lévêque [C.] 1983:97, Figs. 1-2 [Cybium 3e série. Bulletin de la Société Française d'Ichtyologie v. 7 (no. 1); ref. 8315] Affluent of Koumba River, Guinea. Holotype: MNHN 1982-1003. Paratypes: MNHN 1982-1004 to 06 (2, 11, 290), MRAC 82-15-P-486-492 (7). •Valid as Barbus anniae Lévêque 1983 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:225 [ref. 6186], Lévêque et al. 1987:172 [ref. 16249], Lévêque et al. 1989:116 [ref. 26480], Lévêque in Lévêque et al. 1990:333 [ref. 21589]). •Valid as Enteromius anniae (Lévêque 1983) -- (Yang et al. 2015:112 [ref. 33694], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:351 [ref. 35417]). Current status: Valid as Enteromius anniae (Lévêque 1983). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Western Africa: Fouta Djallon ecoregion endemic. Habitat: freshwater.

anophthalmus, Sinocyclocheilus Chen [Y.-Y.] & Chu [X.-L.] in Chen, Chu, Luo & Wu 1988:64 [English p. 70], Fig. 1 [Acta Zoologica Sinica v. 34 (no. 1); ref. 16228] Subterranean river at Yiliang County cave, 25°24'N, 103°27'E [25°03'N, 103°23'E], Yunnan Province, China. Holotype: KIZ 865949. Paratypes: KIZ (7). Type catalog: Du et al. 2013:347 [ref. 32939]. •Valid as Sinocyclocheilus anophthalmus Chen & Chu 1988 -- (Chen & Yang 1993:123 [ref. 24946], Zhu 1995:54 [ref. 25213], Chen et al. 1997:220 [ref. 23733], Yue & Chen 1998:107 [ref. 26415] as anophthalmua, Zhou & Li 1998:141 [ref. 28158], Kottelat & Bréhier 1999:356 [ref. 24929], Shan et al. in Yue 2000:75 [ref. 25272], Zhang & Zhao 2001:105 [ref. 25250], Romero & Paulson 2001:18 [ref. 26040], Zhou et al. 2004:591, 594 [ref. 27905], Lan et al. 2004:379 [ref. 27903], Proudlove 2006:71 [ref. 28992], Zhao & Zhang 2006:773 [ref. 31176], Romero et al. 2009 [ref. 30522], Zhao et al. 2011:1551 [ref. 31493], Ma & Zhao 2012:109 [ref. 34891], Zhang et al. 2016:99 [ref. 34477], Zhao et al. 2021:270 [ref. 39337]). Current status: Valid as Sinocyclocheilus anophthalmus Chen & Chu 1988. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: East Asia: caves in Jiuxiang, Nanpanjiang River basin, Yunnan (China). IUCN (1996): Vulnerable. Habitat: freshwater.

anoplus, Barbus Weber [M.] 1897:151 [Zoologische Jahrbücher, Abteilung für Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere (Jena) v. 10; ref. 14640] Cape Colony, South Africa. Lectotype: ZMA 100995. Paralectotypes: FMNH 52397 [CM 653] (3) Buffels River. near Laingsburg; SMF 22487 [old no. 685, ex ZMA] (2); ZMA 100995a (148), 101348-49 (9, 11). Type catalog: Matthes 1964:179 [ref. 19237], Nijssen et al. 1982:26 [ref. 19236], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:15 [ref. 12367]. Lectotype selected by Matthes 1964:179 [ref. 19237]. •Valid as Barbus anoplus Weber 1897 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:226 [ref. 6186], Skelton 1990:191 [ref. 16720], Skelton 1993:132 [ref. 24071], Farm 2000:980 [ref. 25015], Skelton 2001:132 [ref. 27406]). •Valid as Enteromius anoplus (Weber 1897) -- (Yang et al. 2015:112 [ref. 33694], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:351 [ref. 35417], Kambikambi et al. 2021:10 [ref. 38355]). Current status: Valid as Enteromius anoplus (Weber 1897). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: South Africa: Gouritz River basin. Habitat: freshwater.

anshuiensis, Sinocyclocheilus Gan [X.], Wu [T.-J.], Wei [M.-L.] & Yang [J.] 2013:460, Figs. 1-2 [Zoological Research v. 34 (no. 5); ref. 32904] Luolou town, Lingyun County, Guangxi, China, 24°22'12.05"N, 106°44'55.34"E. Holotype: KIZ 12070276. Paratypes: KIZ (4). •Valid as Sinocyclocheilus anshuiensis Gan, Wu, Wei & Yang 2013 -- (Chen et al. 2016:7 [ref. 34372], Zhang et al. 2016:99 [ref. 34477], Liu et al. 2018:[7] [ref. 35769], Zhao et al. 2021:156 [ref. 39337]). Current status: Valid as Sinocyclocheilus anshuiensis Gan, Wu, Wei & Yang 2013. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: East Asia: Anshui Village, downstream Hongshuihe River basin, Guangxi (China). IUCN (2024): Not Assessed. Habitat: freshwater.

ansorgii, Barbus Boulenger [G. A.] 1904:16 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 14 (no. 79) (art. 3); ref. 572] Luache River at Bange Ngola, Angola. Syntypes: BMNH 1904.5.2.167-168 (2). •Valid as Barbus ansorgii Boulenger 1904 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:226 [ref. 6186]). •Valid as Enteromius ansorgii (Boulenger 1904) -- (Yang et al. 2015:112 [ref. 33694], Skelton 2019:231 [ref. 36564]). Current status: Valid as Enteromius ansorgii (Boulenger 1904). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Southern Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

ansorgii, Labeo Boulenger [G. A.] 1907:108 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 20 (no. 116) (art. 19); ref. 15136] Shallow swamps at Dongwenna [Dongoena], Cunene [Kunene] River, Mossamedes District, southern Angola. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1907.6.29.210. Non-types: ZMB 18210. •Valid as Labeo ansorgii Boulenger 1907 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:306 [ref. 6186], Reid 1985:209 [ref. 19189], Skelton 1993:186 [ref. 24071], Skelton 2001:186 [ref. 27406], Kramer et al. 2016:unnumbered p. [ref. 34331], Skelton 2019:233 [ref. 36564]). Current status: Valid as Labeo ansorgii Boulenger 1907. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Southwestern Africa: Angola and Namibia. Habitat: freshwater.

ansorgii, Varicorhinus Boulenger [G. A.] 1906:111 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 17 (no. 97) (art. 16); ref. 15647] Junction of the Cambo and Kwango [or Cuango] rivers at Fort Don Carlos, Loanda District, Angola (±7°42'S, 17°17'E). Holotype (unique): BMNH 1904.5.2.161. •Valid as Varicorhinus ansorgii Boulenger 1906 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:337 [ref. 6186], Getahun et al. 2004:159 [ref. 27830]). •Valid as Labeobarbus ansorgii (Boulenger 1906) -- (Vreven et al. 2016:55 [ref. 34168], Skelton 2019:233 [ref. 36564]). Current status: Valid as Labeobarbus ansorgii (Boulenger 1906). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Distribution: Southwestern Africa: Cuango River (Angola). Habitat: freshwater.

antalyensis, Varicorhinus Battalgil [F.] 1944:132, Fig. 4 [Revue de la Faculté des Sciences de l'Université d'Instanbul, Série B: Sciences Naturelles v. 9 (no. 2) (for 1943); ref. 13160] Antalya, southwestern Turkey. •Valid as Capoeta antalyensis (Battalgil 1944) -- (Turan et al. 2006:153 [ref. 28700], Turan et al. 2006:434 [ref. 28752], Fricke et al. 2007:34 [ref. 29533], Özuluğ & Freyhof 2008:293 [ref. 29981], Levin et al. 2012:544 [ref. 33912], Çiçek et al. 2015:143 [ref. 35151], Zareian et al. 2016:72 [ref. 34282], Turan et al. 2017:437 [ref. 35330], Çiçek et al. 2018:3 [ref. 36267], Elp et al. 2018:103 [ref. 35851], Kaya et al. 2019:2 [ref. 37123], Çiçek et al. 2020:247 [ref. 37644], Çiçek et al. 2023:368 [ref. 40625], Çiçek et al. 2024:154 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Capoeta antalyensis (Battalgil 1944). Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Distribution: Asia Minor: Mediterranean tributaries around Antalya, Antalya Province (Turkey). Habitat: freshwater.

anteroventris, Schizopygopsis Wu [Y.-F.] & Wu [C.-Z.] in Li 1989:82, Fig. 27 [Economic fauna of Qinghai Province; ref. 26601] Za-qu River [upper reaches of Lancangjiang (Mekong River)], Nangqen County [= Nangqian], Qinghai Province, China. Syntypes: (20) NPIB? 517-24, 1898-1904, 72141-44, 72161-70, 72211-16, 73VIIl517-524. Original description mentions 20 specimens from a single locality, but Wu & Wu 1992 [ref. 21205] list specimens from two localities. Kottelat (2013) credits authorship to Wu & Wu 1989. •Valid as Schizopygopsis anteroventris Wu & Wu 1989 -- (Zhang et al. 1995:110 [ref. 22734] as anteriventris, Zhu 1995:548 [ref. 25213], Kottelat 2013:160 [ref. 32989], Zhang et al. 2016:120 [ref. 34477], Tang et al. 2019:10 [ref. 36511]). Current status: Valid as Schizopygopsis anteroventris Wu & Wu 1989. Cyprinidae: Schizopygopsinae. Distribution: East Asia: Mekong River system, Qinghai (China). IUCN (2013): Data Deficient. Habitat: freshwater.

antethoracalis, Discogobio Zheng [L.] & Zhou [W.] 2008:257, Figs. 2, 3A [Environmental Biology of Fishes v. 81; ref. 29027] Gaji, 23°09'13"N, 104°27'23"E, from Panlonghe (a small branch of the Red River), Xichou County, Yunnan Province, China. Holotype: SWFC 0111034. Paratypes: SWFC 0111030-33 (4), 0111105-06 (2), 0111108 (1). •Valid as Discogobio antethoracalis Zheng & Zhou 2008 -- (Kottelat 2013:100 [ref. 32989], Zhang et al. 2016:109 [ref. 34477]). Current status: Valid as Discogobio antethoracalis Zheng & Zhou 2008. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: East Asia: Red River basin, Wenshan, Yunnan (China). IUCN (2024): Not Assessed. Habitat: freshwater.

antinorii, Barbus Boulenger [G. A.] 1911:112, Fig. 89 [Catalogue of the fresh-water fishes of Africa v. 2; ref. 579] Oasis of Nefzana, Tunisia. Syntypes: BMNH 1908.10.19.7 (1); MSNG 17345 (now many), 17346 (5). Type catalog: Tortonese 1961:184 [ref. 10343]. •Synonym of Barbus callensis Valenciennes 1842 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:235 [ref. 6186]). •Valid as Luciobarbus antinorii (Boulenger 1911) -- (Levin et al. 2012:544 [ref. 33912]). Current status: Valid as Luciobarbus antinorii (Boulenger 1911). Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Habitat: freshwater.

aphantogramma, Barbus Regan [C. T.] 1920:105 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 9) v. 6 (no. 31); ref. 3670] Morogoro, Tanzania. Syntypes: BMNH 1920.3.8.24-32 (10). Species epithet a noun in apposition, therefore correct as aphantogramma. •Synonym of Barbus apleurogramma Boulenger 1911 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:227 [ref. 6186]). •Synonym of Enteromius apleurogramma (Boulenger 1911) based on placement of apleurogramma. Current status: Synonym of Enteromius apleurogramma (Boulenger 1911). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Habitat: freshwater.

apleurogramma, Barbus Boulenger [G. A.] 1911:144, Fig. 120 [Catalogue of the fresh-water fishes of Africa v. 2; ref. 579] Kavirondo, Kisumu Bay, Kenya, Lake Victoria [Victoria Nyanza]. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1909.11.15.12. Species epithet a noun in apposition, therefore correct as apleurogramma. •Valid as Barbus apleurogramma Boulenger 1911 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:226 [ref. 6186], Lévêque 1990:41 [ref. 19786], De Vos & Thys van den Audenaerde 1990:150 [ref. 20130], Seegers 1996:95, 375 [ref. 23725], De Vos et al. 2001:131 [ref. 26059] as 'Barbus', Seegers et al. 2003:30 [ref. 28087] as 'Barbus', Kullander & Roberts 2012:360 [ref. 31751] as 'Barbus'). •Valid as Enteromius apleurogramma (Boulenger 1911) -- (Yang et al. 2015:112 [ref. 33694], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:351 [ref. 35417], Schmidt et al. 2018:571 [ref. 36148], Englmaier et al. 2020:137 [ref. 37252], Kiselkewa et al. 2020:[7] 706 [ref. 38315], Akoth et al. 2023:10 [ref. 40069], Ilodiri et al. 2024:17 [ref. 41618]). Current status: Valid as Enteromius apleurogramma (Boulenger 1911). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Central Africa: Congo River basin, Lake Victoria and Lake Kivu affluents. Habitat: freshwater.

apoensis, Barbus Banister [K. E.] & Clarke [M. A.] 1977:113, Fig. 1 [Journal Oman Studies (Special Report); ref. 7232] Permanent stream near Khamis Mushyat, 18°17'N, 42°34'E, Saudi Arabia. Holotype: BMNH 1976.4.7.166. Paratypes: BMNH 1971.2.11.1-2 (2), 1976.4.7.167-171 (5), 1976.4.7.172-175 (4). •Valid as Barbus apoensis Banister & Clarke 1977 -- (Alkahem & Behnke 1983:550 [ref. 8384], Krupp 1983:579 [ref. 8320], Krupp 1985:22 [ref. 11626], Coad 1996:84 [ref. 25304]). •Valid as Carasobarbus apoensis (Banister & Clarke 1977) -- (Ekmekçi & Bănărescu 1998:93 [ref. 26519] dated 1975, Borkenhagen & Krupp 2013:7 [ref. 32915], Mohamed et al. 2016:1 [ref. 35027], Borkenhagen 2017:293 [ref. 35158], Freyhof et al. 2020:127 [ref. 37658], Esmaeili & Hamidan 2023:207 [ref. 40377], Çiçek et al. 2024:133 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Carasobarbus apoensis (Banister & Clarke 1977). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Distribution: Middle East: Hijaz mountain range (Saudi Arabia). Habitat: freshwater.

apogon, Barbus Valenciennes [A.] (ex Kuhl) in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1842:392 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 16; ref. 1009] Java, Indonesia. Syntypes: ?RMNH 2509 (1), 2446 (2), 2103 (1), 1735 (1), 1736 (1). •Valid as Puntias apogon (Valenciennes 1842) -- (Shrestha 1978:36 [ref. 15970]). •Valid as Anematichthys apogon (Valenciennes 1842)-- (Pasco-veil et al. 2012:52 [ref. 32355]). •Valid as Cyclocheilichthys apogon (Valenciennes 1842) -- (Roberts 1989:35 [ref. 6439], Lim et al. 1990:39 [ref. 16753], Talwar & Jhingran 1991:176 [ref. 20764], Roberts 1993:15 [ref. 21799], Kottelat et al. 1993:34 [ref. 23448], Kottelat & Lim 1996:229 [ref. 23210], Rainboth 1996:87 [ref. 22772], Doi 1997:5 [ref. 22832], Ng & Tan 1999:353 [ref. 24159], Freyhof et al. 2000:94 [ref. 25184], Kottelat 2001:45 [ref. 25780], Tan & Lim 2004:108 [ref. 27716], Grinang & Lim 2004:288 [ref. 28551], Kottelat & Widjanarti 2005:149 [ref. 28284], Parenti & Lim 2005:180 [ref. 28285], Cervancia & Kottelat 2007:145 [ref. 29034], Shrestha 2008:62 [ref. 29923], Schäfer 2009:204 [ref. 30705], Pasco-Viel et al. 2013:483 [ref. 32659], Kottelat 2013:479 [ref. 32660], Kottelat 2013:91 [ref. 32989], Kottelat 2015:41 [ref. 33971], Sulaiman et al. 2018:27 [ref. 35802], Wilkinson & Tan 2018:598 [ref. 36226], Ng et al. 2019:522 [ref. 36606], Taki et al. 2021:140 [ref. 39830], Hasan et al. 2022:6035 [ref. 39888], Jamaluddin et al. 2022:[5] [ref. 39245], Ahmad et al. 2023:62 [ref. 41243]). Current status: Valid as Cyclocheilichthys apogon (Valenciennes 1842). Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Sundaland, Myanmar to Vietnam; introduced elsewhere. IUCN (2020): Least Concern. Habitat: freshwater.

apogon, Discognathus Norman [J. R.] 1925:570 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 9) v. 15 (no. 89) (art. 64); ref. 6493] Ngoi-Tio, [Lao Chi Province] "cau Col des Nuages, Tonkin", Vietnam, elevation 4500-6500 feet. Syntypes: BMNH 1925.2.19.1-4 (4). •Synonym of Ageneiogarra imberba (Vinciguerra 1890) -- (Mai 1978:51 [ref. 13511]). •Valid as Garra apogon (Norman 1925) -- (Kottelat 1998:34 [ref. 23436], Kottelat 2001:23 [ref. 25482], Li et al. 2008:62 [ref. 29588], Kottelat 2013:103 [ref. 32989], Nebeshwar & Vishwanath 2017:25 [ref. 35484]). Current status: Valid as Garra apogon (Norman 1925). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Red River basin, Vietnam. Habitat: freshwater.

apogonoides, Systomus Bleeker [P.] 1855:410 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 9 (no. 3); ref. 16848] Jakarta, Bekassi, Kampong Duwa, Surabaja, Pauruan, Java, Indonesia. Syntypes and/or Bleeker specimens: (36) BMNH 1866.5.2.144 (1), RMNH 10837 [ex RMNH 7028] (16 types), MNHN 0000-3845 (2), NMV 46095 (1), SMNS 10593 (3). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:41 [ref. 19574], Fricke 1991:13 [ref. 13474], Fricke 2005:34 [ref. 29864]. Original as apogonoïdes. •Synonym of Cyclocheilichthys apogon (Valenciennes 1842) -- (Roberts 1989:35 [ref. 6439], Kottelat 2013:92 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Cyclocheilichthys apogon (Valenciennes 1842). Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater.

apogonostomatus, Barbus Pellegrin [J.] 1913:240 [Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France v. 38 (no. 8); ref. 3428] Kikoulo River, French Guinea. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1913-0240. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:33 [ref. 19574]. •Valid as Barbus apogonostomatus Pellegrin 1913 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:227 [ref. 6186]). •Synonym of Barbus salessei Pellegrin 1908 -- (Lévêque 1989:168 [ref. 12829], Lévêque et al. 1989:117 [ref. 26480], Lévêque in Lévêque et al. 1990:325 [ref. 21589] Lévèque et al. 1991:141 [ref. 31367]). •Synonym of Enteromius salessei (Pellegrin 1908) -- (Hayes & Armbruster 2017:355 [ref. 35417]). Current status: Synonym of Enteromius salessei (Pellegrin 1908). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Habitat: freshwater.

apsara, Dawkinsia Katwate [U.], Marcus Knight [J. D.], Anoop [V. K.], Raghavan [R.] & Dahanukar [N.] 2020:219, Fig. 6A-C [Vertebrate Zoology v. 70 (no. 2); ref. 37497] Sita River, Karnataka, India, 13°2847.50'" N, 75°00'16.73"E, elevation 70 meters. Holotype: BNHS FWF 1007. Paratypes: BNHS FWF, KUFOS. •Valid as Dawkinsia apsara Katwate, Marcus Knight, Anoop, Raghavan & Dahanukar 2020 -- (Katwate et al. 2020:725 [ref. 37975], Sudasinghe et al. 2021:[3] [ref. 38706]). Current status: Valid as Dawkinsia apsara Katwate, Marcus Knight, Anoop, Raghavan & Dahanukar 2020. Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: South Asia: Sowparnika and Sita River drainages (Karnataka, southern India). Habitat: freshwater.

aquihornes, Sinocyclocheilus Li [W.-X.] & Yang [H.-F.] in Li et al. 2007:1, Fig. 1 [Journal of Guangdong Ocean University v. 27 (no. 4); ref. 29378] Cave in Qiubei County, 24°30'N, 104°03'E [24°02'N, 104°11'E], Yunnan, China. Holotype (unique): Li 060512001. Museum not found. •Valid as Sinocyclocheilus aquihornes Li & Yang 2007 -- (Romero et al. 2009 [ref. 30522], Zhao et al. 2011:1551 [ref. 31493], Zheng et al. 2013:750 [ref. 32137], Ma & Zhao 2012:109 [ref. 34891], Zhang et al. 2016:99 [ref. 34477], Yang et al. 2017:59 [ref. 35740], Liu et al. 2018:[7] [ref. 35769], Zhao et al. 2021:158 [ref. 39337]). Current status: Valid as Sinocyclocheilus aquihornes Li & Yang 2007. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: East Asia: cave in Qiubei County, upstream Hongshuihe River basin, Yunnan (China). IUCN (2024): Endangered. Habitat: freshwater.

arabica, Garra Hora [S. L.] 1921:677, Fig. 5 [Records of the Indian Museum (Calcutta) v. 22 (pt 5, no. 29); ref. 15314] Not "Lahej near Aden, Yemen"; See Menon & Yazdani 1968. Holotype: ZSI F8123/1. Paratypes: ZSI F8124/1 (1). Type catalog: Menon & Yazdani 1968:109 [ref. 20743]. See Krupp 1983:616 [ref. 8320] for locality information. See Das 2003:357 [ref. 27706]. •Synonym of Garra nasuta (McClelland 1838) -- (Krupp 1983:616 [ref. 8320], Lalronunga et al. 2013:4372 [ref. 32715], Kottelat 2013:106 [ref. 32989], Arunachalam et al. 2013:62 [ref. 33195], Arunachalam et al. 2013:121 [ref. 33196], Arunachalam & Nandagopal 2014:49 [ref. 33405]). Current status: Synonym of Garra nasuta (McClelland 1838). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater.

arabicus, Barbus Trewavas [E.] 1941:14 [British Museum (Natural History) expedition to southwest Arabia v. 1 (no. 3); ref. 12735] Wadi Kharid, 20 miles northeast of San'a, Yemen. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1940.2.15.1. •Valid as Barbus arabicus Trewavas 1941 -- (Banister & Clarke 1977:120 [ref. 7232], Alkahem & Behnke 1983:551 [ref. 8384], Krupp 1983:579 [ref. 8320]). •Valid as Arabibarbus arabicus (Trewavas 1941) -- (Borkenhagen 2014:1180, 1195 [ref. 33432], Freyhof et al. 2020:122 [ref. 37658], Esmaeili & Hamidan 2023:207 [ref. 40377], Çiçek et al. 2024:132 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Arabibarbus arabicus (Trewavas 1941). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Distribution: Middle East: Southern Red Seabasin and internal basins (southern Saudi Arabia and Yemen). Habitat: freshwater.

arabicus, Cyprinus Valenciennes [A.] (ex Ehrenberg) in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1842:202 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 16; ref. 1009] Arabia. In genus Barbus on p. xii. Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Habitat: freshwater.

aralensis, Cyprinus carpio morpha Spiczakow [T.] 1935:428, Fig. 7 [Zeitschrift für Fischerei v. 33 (art. 20); ref. 21762] Not available, regarded as infrasubspecific; from the Aral Sea. •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758, but a valid subspecies aralensis Spiczakow 1935 -- (Mitrofanov et al. 1988:239 [ref. 37734]). •In the synonymy of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Berg 1949:833 [ref. 20661], Kottelat 1997:57 [ref. 22952], Barus et al. in Bănărescu & Paepke 2002:86 [ref. 25856], Kottelat 2013:94 [ref. 32989]). Infrasubspecific. Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

arambourgi, Barbus Pellegrin [J.] 1935:138, Fig. 4 [Mémoires du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris (N. S.) (Série A) Zoologie v. 2 (no. 7); ref. 13918] Marsh, about 50 kilometers northwest of Sergoit, on the plateau Uasin Gishu, near Omo River, Omo, Ethiopia, elevation 1800 meters. Syntypes: MNHN 1932-0097 to 0099 (3). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:39 [ref. 19574]. •Valid as Barbus arambourgi Pellegrin 1935 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:227 [ref. 6186]). •Valid as Enteromius arambourgi (Pellegrin 1935) -- (Yang et al. 2015:112 [ref. 33694]). Current status: Valid as Enteromius arambourgi (Pellegrin 1935). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Ethiopia. Habitat: freshwater.

araxensis, Varicorhinus capoeta Dadikyan [M. G.] 1986:162 [Fishes of Armenia; ref. 16233] Aras River, Armenia. No types known. Spelled Varicorhinus capoëta araxensis in original description. •Synonym of Capoeta sevangi De Filippi 1865 -- (Zareian et al. 2017:37 [ref. 35636]). Current status: Synonym of Capoeta sevangi De Filippi 1865. Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Habitat: freshwater.

arcangelii, Barbus Tortonese [E.] 1939:236 [60], Fig. 6 [Bollettino dei Musei di Zoologia ed Anatomia Comparata della R. Università di Torino. (Ser. 3) v. 47 (no. 100); ref. 4414] Shanghai, China. Holotype (unique): MZUT 3196. Type catalog: Tortonese 1940:140 [ref. 21559]. On. p. 60 of separate. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater.

arcislongae, Barbus trispilopleura var. Keilhack [L.] 1908:167 [Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin 1908 (no. 7); ref. 14324] Lake Malawi [Lake Nyasa]. Syntypes: ZMB 18177-79 (1, 3, 3). Also appeared as new in Keilhack 1910:108, Pl. 2, fig. 8 [ref. 32109]. •Valid as Barbus arcislongae Keilhack 1908 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:227 [ref. 6186], Snoeks 2004:21 [ref. 28111]). •Valid as Enteromius arcislongae (Keilhack 1908) -- (Yang et al. 2015:112 [ref. 33694], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:351 [ref. 35417]). Current status: Valid as Enteromius arcislongae (Keilhack 1908). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Lake Malawi. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

arenatus, Barbus Day [F.] 1878:574, Pl. 142 (fig. 7) [The fishes of India Part 4; ref. 4887] Madras, India. Holotype (?): ZSI F2737. Syntypes: AMS B.7906 (1), ZSI 2737 (figured specimen). Type catalog: Menon & Yazdani 1968:115 [ref. 20743], Whitehead & Talwar 1976:155 [ref. 23762], Ferraris et al. 2000:294 [ref. 25110]. •Valid as Puntius arenatus (Day 1878) -- (Talwar & Jhingran 1991:258 [ref. 20764], Indra 1991:237 [ref. 24005], Menon 1999:97 [ref. 24904], Arunachalam et al. 2001:128 [ref. 25692], Pethiyagoda et al. 2008:209 [ref. 29986], Pethiyagoda et al. 2012:73 [ref. 32071], Bleher 2018:706 [ref. 36647], Plamoottil & Johnson 2020:98 [ref. 37958]). Current status: Valid as Puntius arenatus (Day 1878). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: South Asia: Eastern Ghats (southern India). Habitat: freshwater.

argentatus, Gymnostomus Mai [D. Y.] (ex Hao & Hoa) 1978:48 [Identification of the fresh-water fishes of North Viet Nam v. 1; ref. 13511] Phong-Thô creek, Lai Châu Province, northern Vietnam. Syntypes: ?DVZUT. Apparently unavailable from Hao & Hoa 1969 according to Kottelat 1989:1102 [ref. 14361], but Kottelat 2001 [ref. 25482] reversed this interpretation and dated to Nguyen & Daon [= Hao & Hoa] 1969. •See account of Varicorhinus argentatus Nguyen & Doan 1969. •Valid as Gymnostomus argentatus Mai 1978 -- (Endruweit 2024:15 [ref. 41040]). •In the synonymy of Onychostoma lepturus (Boulenger 1900). Current status: Synonym of Onychostoma lepturus (Boulenger 1900). Cyprinidae: Acrossocheilinae.

argentatus, Schizothorax Kessler [K. F.] 1874:55 [Izvestiia Imperatorskago Obschchestva Liubitelei Estestvozaniia, Antropologii i Etnografii v. 11; ref. 2596] Urdjar [Urdzhar] River, tributary to Lake Alakul, Turkestan. Syntypes: ZIN 2319 (2). •Valid as Racoma argentata (Kessler 1874) -- (Wu & Wu 1992:343 [ref. 21205]). •Valid as Schizothorax argentatus Kessler 1874, as a valid subspecies argentatus Kessler 1874 -- (Mitrofanov et al. 1988:66 [ref. 37734]). •Valid as Schizothorax argentatus Kessler 1874 -- (Berg 1949:720 [ref. 20661], Tsao 1964:156 [ref. 13501], Zhu 1995:89 [ref. 25213], Chen & Cao et al. in Yue 2000:307 [ref. 25272], Zhang et al. 2016:121 [ref. 34477]). Current status: Valid as Schizothorax argentatus Kessler 1874. Cyprinidae: Schizothoracinae. Distribution: Central Asia, East Asia: Lake Balkhash and its catchment, Kazakhstan and Turkestan, Ili River drainage (northwestern China). IUCN (2020): Vulnerable. Habitat: freshwater.

argentatus, Varicorhinus Nguyen [V. H.] & Doan [L. H.] 1969:13, Fig. 11 in ref. 29795 [Some data on composition, origin, and distribution of cyprinid species in northern Vietnam; ref. 25483] Suoi Rut stream, Hoa Binh Province, Vietnam. Lectotype: RIAH 67. Paralectotypes: RIAH 67 (1). See Kottelat 2001:113, 119 [ref. 25482] for availability issues. Spelled in more than one way originally, and Kottelat 2001:119 [ref. 25482] as first reviser selected argentatus. See Nguyen & Doan 2008 [ref. 29793] for an English translation of ref. 25483. Lectotype selected by Roberts & Catania 2008:93 [ref. 29794]. •In the genus Onychostoma -- (Roberts & Catania 2008:96 [ref. 29794], Xin et al. 2009:260 [ref. 30708]). •Synonym of Onychostoma leptura (Boulenger 1900) with question -- (Kottelat 2013:129 [ref. 32989]). •Tentative synonym of Onychostoma lepturus (Boulenger 1900) -- (Kottelat 2001:32 [ref. 25482]). Current status: Synonym of Onychostoma lepturus (Boulenger 1900). Cyprinidae: Acrossocheilinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

argentea, Carassioides Nguyen [V. H.] in Nguyen & Ngô 2002:581, Fig. 300 [Freshwater fishes of Viet Nam. Volume I. Family Cyprinidae v. 1; ref. 28301] Sông Hàn TP, Dà Nãng, Viêt Nam. Holotype (unique): VNCNTTS I: H.01.107.03.01. Simultaneous subjective synonym of macropterus ; Kottelat 2013:84 [ref. 32989] gives preference to macropterus. •Synonym of Carassioides acuminatus (Richardson 1846) with question -- (Kottelat 2013:84 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Carassioides acuminatus (Richardson 1846). Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: Han River, Da Nang, Vietnam. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

argentea, Cyprinopsis aurata var. Fitzinger [L. J. F. J.] 1832:334 [Beiträge zur Landeskunde Österreichs unter der Enns, Wien v. 1; ref. 5019] Austria. No types known. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater.

argenteaphthalmus, Carassius auratus Nguyen [V. H.] in Nguyen & Ngô 2002:570, Fig. 294 [Freshwater fishes of Viet Nam. Volume I. Family Cyprinidae v. 1; ref. 28301] Diên Biên Phu, Lai Châu, Vietnam. Holotype: VNCNTTS I: H.01.105.02.01. Paratypes: VNCNTTS I: H.01.105.02.02 (5). •Synonym of Carassius auratus (Linnaeus 1758), but a valid subspecies argenteaphthalmus Nguyen 2002 as described. •Mention -- (Kalous et al. 2012:11 [ref. 32063]). •Synonym of Carassius auratus (Linnaeus 1728) -- (Kottelat 2013:85 [ref. 32989] with question, Rylková et al. 2018:[5] [ref. 35881] with question). Current status: Synonym of Carassius auratus (Linnaeus 1758). Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: Northwestern Vietnam: Diên Biên, Tuân Giáo, Lai Châu and Thuân Châu County Son La [this subspecies if valid]. Habitat: freshwater.

argenteus, Acanthonotus Day [F.] (ex Tickell) 1888:807 [The fishes of India Suppl.; ref. 1082] Streams of the interior of the Tenasserim District, Myanmar. No types known. Type catalog: Whitehead & Talwar 1976:155 [ref. 23762]. We assume Day revised the description in his style and may have taken information from the figure rather than quoting directly from Tickell. •Valid as Mystacoleucus argenteus (Day 1888) -- (Talwar & Jhingran 1991:224 [ref. 20764], Doi 1997:8 [ref. 22832], Kottelat 2013:125 [ref. 32989], Kottelat 2015:42 [ref. 33971]). Current status: Valid as Mystacoleucus argenteus (Day 1888). Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: Myanmar and Thailand. Habitat: freshwater.

argenteus, Barbus Günther [A.] 1868:103 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 7; ref. 1990] Polungo Alto, Angola. Syntypes: BMNH 1864.7.13.47-50 (4). •Valid as Barbus argenteus Günther 1868 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:227 [ref. 6186], Skelton 1993:159 [ref. 24071], Skelton 2001:159 [ref. 27406]). •Valid as Enteromius argenteus (Günther 1868) -- (Yang et al. 2015:112 [ref. 33694], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:351 [ref. 35417], Skelton 2019:231 [ref. 36564]). Current status: Valid as Enteromius argenteus (Günther 1868). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Southern Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

argenteus, Cyprinus Bonnaterre [J. P.] (ex Koelreuter) 1788:193 [Tableau encyclopédique et méthodique des trois règnes de la nature... Ichthyologie; ref. 4940] No locality. No types known. Based on Koelreuter 1764:420 [ref. 26164]. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater.

argyrotaenia, Barbus Boulenger [G. A.] 1912:674, Pl. 79 (fig. 1) [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1912 (pt 3) (art. 37); ref. 14834] Eusso Nyiro [Ewaso Ng'iro] River below the falls, east of Lake Baringo, Kenya. Syntypes: (numerous) BMNH 1912.3.22.80-89 (orig. 10). Species epithet a noun in apposition, therefore correct as argyrotaenia. •Synonym of Barbus zanzibaricus Peters 1868 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:298 [ref. 6186], Seegers et al. 2003:33 [ref. 28087] as 'Barbus'). •Synonym of Enteromius zanzibaricus (Peters 1868) -- (Hayes & Armbruster 2017:356 [ref. 35417]). Current status: Synonym of Enteromius zanzibaricus (Peters 1868). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Habitat: freshwater.

ariza, Cyprinus Hamilton [F.] 1807:344, Pl. 31 [A journey from Madras through the countries of Mysore, Canara, and Malabar v. 3; ref. 18859] Vedawati stream, tributary of Tungabahdra River, Krishna basin, southern India. No types known. The original plate is reproduced in Roberts 1997:180 [ref. 23550]; also reproduced by Britz 2019:Pl. 167 [ref. 37532]. •Valid as Labeo ariza (Hamilton 1807) -- (Talwar & Jhingran 1991:198 [ref. 20764], Menon 1999:126 [ref. 24904], Jayaram & Dhas 2000:97 [ref. 25342], Arunkumar & Manimekalan 2018:1739 [ref. 36172]). •Valid as Cirrhinus ariza (Hamilton 1807) -- (Roberts 1997:183 [ref. 23550]). •Valid as Bangana ariza (Hamilton 1807) -- (Luo & Zhou 2009:66 [ref. 30000], Bleher 2018:328 [ref. 36647]). •Valid as Gymnostomus ariza (Hamilton 1807) -- (Yang et al. 2012:370 [ref. 33458], Ciccotto & Page 2020:498 [ref. 37710], Çiçek et al. 2023:18 [ref. 40326]). Current status: Valid as Gymnostomus ariza (Hamilton 1807). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: South Asia: Afghanistan, Pakistan, India and Bangladesh. Habitat: freshwater.

armatus, Barbus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1842:163 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 16; ref. 1009] Java, Indonesia. Syntype: RMNH 2502 (1). Bleeker specimens: BMNH 1866.5.2.86 (1), 1867.11.28.79 (1). Type information: Roberts 1993:15-16 [ref. 21799]. But Kottelat states (2013) that Valenciennes examined several specimens. •Valid as Anematichthys apogon (Valenciennes 1842) -- (Pasco-veil et al. 2012:52 [ref. 32355]). •Valid as Cyclocheilichthys armatus (Valenciennes 1842) -- (Roberts 1989:35 [ref. 6439], Roberts 1993:15 [ref. 21799], Kottelat et al. 1993:34 [ref. 23448], Kottelat & Lim 1996:229 [ref. 23210], Rainboth 1996:88 [ref. 22772], Doi 1997:5 [ref. 22832], Kottelat 1998:26 [ref. 23436], Ng & Tan 1999:353 [ref. 24159], Freyhof et al. 2000:94 [ref. 25184], Doi et al. 2001:15 [ref. 25691], Kottelat 2001:45 [ref. 25780], Kottelat & Widjanarti 2005:149 [ref. 28284], Parenti & Lim 2005:180 [ref. 28285], Cervancia & Kottelat 2007:144 [ref. 29034], Pasco-Viel et al. 2013:483 [ref. 32659], Kottelat 2013:479 [ref. 32660], Kottelat 2013:92 [ref. 32989], Kottelat 2015:41 [ref. 33971], Sulaiman et al. 2018:27 [ref. 35802], Ng et al. 2019:523 [ref. 36606], Fu et al. 2021:9569 [ref. 39347], Taki et al. 2021:141 [ref. 39830], Hasan et al. 2022:6035 [ref. 39888], Ahmad et al. 2023:62 [ref. 41243], Jamandre 2023:165 [ref. 40455]). Current status: Valid as Cyclocheilichthys armatus (Valenciennes 1842). Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: southern Vietnam, Cambosia, Thailand, Malaya (Malaysia), Sumatra and Java (Indonesia), Borneo (Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia), Palawan (Philippines). IUCN (2020): Least Concern. Habitat: freshwater.

armenicus, Barbus Kamensky [S. N.] (ex Kessler) 1899:80 [Die Cypriniden der Kaukasusländer und ihrer angrenzenden Meere; ref. 14707] Çildir Gölu, elevation 6522 feet; Kars-chai, Turkey. Lectotype: ZIN 5198. Paralectotypes: (3) Caucasian Museum (whereabouts unknown). Lectotype established in caption to Fig. 452 in Berg 1949:696 [ref. 20661] if specimen is identifiable. •Synonym of Barbus lacerta Heckel 1843, subspecies cyri De Filippi 1865 -- (Berg 1949:694 [ref. 20661]). •Synonym of Barbus lacerta Heckel 1843 -- (Coad 1995:12 [ref. 23608]). •Synonym of Barbus cyri De Filippi 1865 -- (Khaefi et al. 2017:96 [ref. 35344], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:33 [ref. 37983], Çiçek et al. 2024:147 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Barbus cyri De Filippi 1865. Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Habitat: freshwater.

artedii, Rohita Bleeker [P.] 1851:434 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 2 (no. 3); ref. 16897] Sambas, western Borneo, Indonesia. Syntypes: RMNH 6991 (1), 10924 [ex RMNH 6991] (1). •Synonym of Osteochilus vittatus (Valenciennes 1942) -- (Kottelat 2013:137 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Osteochilus vittatus (Valenciennes 1842). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater.

artvinica, Barbus tauricus var. Kamensky [S. N.] 1899:32 [German p. 129] [Die Cypriniden der Kaukasusländer und ihrer angrenzenden Meere; ref. 14707] Çoruh River basin, Turkey. Holotype (unique): ZIN 11530. Spelled artvinica on pp. 32 and 96, artwinica on p. 129. Species epithet correct as artvinicus due to masculine gender of genus Barbus. •Synonym of Barbus tauricus Kessler 1877, subspecies escherichi Steindachner 1897 -- (Berg 1949:692 [ref. 20661]). •Synonym of Barbus escherichi Steindachner 1897 -- (Bogutskaya et al. in Bănărescu & Bogutskaya 2003:397 [ref. 27353], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:47 [ref. 28183], Çiçek et al. 2018:5 [ref. 36267]). •Synonym of Barbus rionicus Kamensky 1899 -- (Çiçek et al. 2023:367 [ref. 40625]). Current status: Synonym of Barbus rionicus Kamensky 1899. Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Habitat: freshwater.

arulius, Systomus Jerdon [T. C.] 1849:317 [Madras Journal of Literature and Science v. 15 (pt 2); ref. 4902] Cavery River at Seringapatam [Shrirangapathna], India. No types known. •Valid as Puntius arulius (Jerdon 1849) -- (Talwar & Jhingran 1991:258 [ref. 20764], Rema Devi et al. 1996:133 [ref. 24021], Menon 1999:86 [ref. 24904] as species and subspecies, Raju Thomas et al. 2000:444 [ref. 25319], Raju Thomas et al. 2002:49 [ref. 26359] Arunachalam & Johnson 2003:477 [ref. 26927], Pethiyagoda & Kottelat 2005:137 [ref. 28274], Rema Devi et al. 2010:1121 [ref. 30982], Knight et al. 2011:1690 [ref. 31267]). •Valid as Dawkinsia arulius (Jerdon 1849) -- (Pethiyagoda et al. 2012:80 [ref. 32071], Bleher 2018:414 [ref. 36647], Katwate et al. 2020:231 [ref. 37497], Ren et al. 2020:[5] [ref. 37805], Katwate et al. 2020:726 [ref. 37975], Sudasinghe et al. 2021:[3] [ref. 38706]). Current status: Valid as Dawkinsia arulius (Jerdon 1849). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: South Asia: Cauvery River basin (southern India). Habitat: freshwater.

arunachalami, Horalabiosa Johnson [J. A.] & Soranam [R.] 2001:393, Figs. 1-2 [Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society v. 98 (pt 3); ref. 26173] Tributary of Panniyar stream, above Ponmudi reservoir at Santhamparai hills, Idukki district, Kerala, India, 9°82'N, 77°15'E, elevation 912 meters. Holotype: ZSI/SRS F.5324. Paratypes: SPKCES F.2 (7). •Valid as Horalabiosa arunachalami Johnson & Soranam 2001. •Valid as Garra arunachalami (Johnson & Soranam 2001) -- (Bleher 2018:470 [ref. 36647]). Current status: Valid as Garra arunachalami (Johnson & Soranam 2001). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Southern Western Ghats, India. Habitat: freshwater.

arunachalami, Hypselobarbus Chinnaraja [S.] & Sivakumar [P.] 2024:164, Figs. 2-3 [Journal of Advanced Zoology v. 45 (no. S-3); ref. 41625] Bhadra River at Bhadravathi, Karnataka, India, 13.83N, 75.69E. Holotype: MSUMNH 105. Paratype: MSUMNH 106 (1). Described in an unavailable publication. Current status: Synonym of Hypselobarbus. Cyprinidae: Torinae.

arunachalensis, Garra Nebeshwar [K.] & Vishwanath [W.] 2013:101, Fig. 3 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 24 (no. 2); ref. 33006] Lower Divang valley district, Deapani River at Roing, Brahmaputa basin, 29°09'35"N, 95°54'08"E, Arunachal Pradesh, India, Holotype: MUMF 4304. Paratypes: MUMF 4305/4 (4), RGUMF 0190/5 (5). Plus non-type specimens. •Valid as Garra arunachalensis Nebeshwar & Vishwanath 2013 -- (Arunachalam et al. 2014:65 [ref. 33404], Arunachalam & Nandagopal 2014:49 [ref. 33405], Shangningam & Vishwanath 2015:271 [ref. 34052], Gurumayum & Kosygin 2016:92 [ref. 34491], Thoni et al. 2016:129 [ref. 34747], Roni et al. 2017:373 [ref. 35205], Nebeshwar & Vishwanath 2017:49 [ref. 35484], Roni & Vishwanath 2017:134 [ref. 35625], Premananda et al. 2017:196 [ref. 35861], Roni & Vishwanath 2018:271 [ref. 35749], Gong et al. 2018:380 [ref. 36379], Moyon & Arunkumar 2018:112 [ref. 36388], Tamang et al. 2019:69 [ref. 36496], Bleher 2018:472 [ref. 36647], Roni et al. 2019:551 [ref. 36796], Rath et al. 2019:495 [ref. 36896], Nebeshwar et al. 2024:195 [ref. 40865], Tenali et al. 2024:586 [ref. 41606]). Current status: Valid as Garra arunachalensis Nebeshwar & Vishwanath 2013. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: South Asia: upper Brahmaputra River basin, Arunachal Pradesh, India. Habitat: freshwater.

arunachalensis, Pethia Shangningam [B.], Kosygin [L.] & Chowdhury [B. R.] 2020:329, Fig. 1 [Records of the Zoological Survey of India v. 119 (no. 4) [for 2019]; ref. 37259] Nao-dhing River near Miao, Brahmaputra River drainage, Changlang District, Arunachal Pradesh, India, 27°30'16"N, 96°10'51"E, elevation 230 meters. Holotype: ZSI FF 7162. Paratypes: ZSI FF 7163 (7). •Valid as Pethia arunachalensis Shangningam, Kosygin & Chowdhury 2020 -- (Shangningam & Kosygin 2023:18 [ref. 39886]). Current status: Valid as Pethia arunachalensis Shangningam, Kosygin & Chowdhury 2020. Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: South Asia: Nao-dhing River drainage, Ganga-Brahmaputra basin, Arunachal Pradesh, India. Habitat: freshwater.

arupi, Garra Nebeshwar [K.], Vishwanath [W.] & Das [D. N.] 2009:198, Figs. 1-3 [Journal of Threatened Taxa v. 1 (no. 4); ref. 30177] Deopani River at Roing, Lower Divang Valley, Arunachal Pradesh, India. Holotype: RGUMF-0184. Paratypes: RGUMF-0185 (15), -0186 (10), -0187 (12), -0188 (12). •Valid as Garra arupi Nebeshwar, Vishwanath & Das 2009 -- (Nebeshwar et al. 2012:2357 [ref. 31816], Lalronunga et al. 2013:4372 [ref. 32715], Tamang 2013:39 [ref. 32803], Arunachalam et al. 2013:62 [ref. 33195], Arunachalam et al. 2013:121 [ref. 33196], Arunachalam et al. 2014:65 [ref. 33404], Arunachalam & Nandagopal 2014:49 [ref. 33405], Nebeshwar & Vishwanath 2015:320 [ref. 33758], Gurumayum & Kosygin 2016:92 [ref. 34491], Thoni et al. 2016:116 [ref. 34747], Roni et al. 2017:375 [ref. 35205], Nebeshwar & Vishwanath 2017:49 [ref. 35484], Gong et al. 2018:865 [ref. 36387], Moyon & Arunkumar 2018:112 [ref. 36388], Tamang et al. 2019:69 [ref. 36496], Shangningam et al. 2019:153 [ref. 37109], Marngar et al. 2024:484 [ref. 41573]). Current status: Valid as Garra arupi Nebeshwar, Vishwanath & Das 2009. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: South Asia: upper Brahmaputra River basin, Arunachal Pradesh, India and Bhutan. Habitat: freshwater.

ashmeadi, Barbus Fowler [H. W.] 1937:193, Figs. 151-152 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 89; ref. 1425] Mekong River at Kemrat [Kemarat], Thailand. Holotype: ANSP 68137. Paratypes: ANSP 68138-39 (2). Type catalog: Monkolprasit 1969:11 [ref. 25088], Böhlke 1984:69 [ref. 13621]. •Valid as Discherodontus ashmeadi (Fowler 1937) -- (Rainboth 1989:14 [ref. 13537], Rainboth 1996:90 [ref. 22772], Doi 1997:5 [ref. 22832], Kottelat 1998:28 [ref. 23436], Kottelat 2001:49 [ref. 25780], Kottelat 2013:100 [ref. 32989], Kottelat 2015:41 [ref. 33971], Taki et al. 2021:146 [ref. 39830]). Current status: Valid as Discherodontus ashmeadi (Fowler 1937). Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Mekong River basin, Laos, Thailand and Cambodia. Habitat: freshwater.

asmussii, Scaphiodon Keyserling [E. von] 1861:14 [17], Pl. 6 [Zeitschrift für die Gesammten Naturwissenschaften v. 17 (no. 1); ref. 2601] Near Herat, Afghanistan. No types saved. On p. 17 of separate. •Synonym of Varicorhinus capoeta (Güldenstädt 1773), subspecies heratensis (Keyserling 1861) -- (Berg 1949:681 [ref. 20661]). •Synonym of Capoeta capoeta (Güldenstädt 1773) -- (see Coad 1981:9 [ref. 22348], Coad 1995:14 [ref. 23608], Esmaeili et al. 2010:368 [ref. 33391], Esmaeili et al. 2017:39 [ref. 35254], Zareian et al. 2017:22 [ref. 35636], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:40 [ref. 37983]). •Synonym of Capoeta heratensis (Keyserling 1861) -- (Çiçek et al. 2024:160 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Capoeta heratensis (Keyserling 1861). Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Habitat: freshwater.

asoka, Puntius Kottelat [M.] & Pethiyagoda [R.] 1989:472, Figs. 1, 4 [Die Aquarien- und Terrarienzeitschrift (DATZ) v. 42 (no. 8); ref. 14110] Sitawaka River, 6°55'25"N, 80°20'02"E, Kegala District, Sabaragamuwa Province, Sri Lanka. Holotype: ZSM 27188 [now ZRC 38480]. Paratypes: ZMA 120334 (1); CMK 6402 (9), 6522 (1). Type catalog: Neumann 2011:255 [ref. 31652]. The holotype is currently at ZRC. •Valid as Puntius asoka Kottelat & Pethiyagoda 1989 -- (Pethiyagoda 1991:93 [ref. 20075], Silva et al. 2008:62 [ref. 29719]). •Valid as Systomus asoka Kottelat & Pethiyagoda 1989 -- (Pethiyagoda et al. 2012:77 [ref. 32071], Sudasinghe et al. 2020:[4] [ref. 37737]). Current status: Valid as Systomus asoka (Kottelat & Pethiyagoda 1989). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: South Asia: southwestern Sri Lanka. Habitat: freshwater.

asper, Barbus Boulenger [G. A.] 1911:176, Fig. 154 [Catalogue of the fresh-water fishes of Africa v. 2; ref. 579] Groote River at Sleyterville, Gamtoos River system and Le Roux River at Ondtshoon, Cape Province, South Africa. Syntypes: BMNH 1909.12.8.6-9 (4, now 3) Le Roux R., 1909.12.8.10 (1) Groote R.; SAM 10644 [now at AMG] (1 of 3) Le Roux R., 10664 + 10673 [now at AMG] (now 2), 10664a [now at AMG] (1). See Barbus biscarensis for comments on Boulenger's style in this work. •Valid as Barbus asper Boulenger 1911 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:228 [ref. 6186] with holotype and paratypes). •Valid as Pseudobarbus asper (Boulenger 1911) -- (Skelton 1988:285 [ref. 7302], Skelton 1993:125 [ref. 24071], Skelton 2001:125 [ref. 27406], Chakona & Swartz 2013:568 [ref. 32786], Chakona et al. 2014:122 [ref. 33568], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:356 [ref. 35417], Skelton et al. 2018:16 [ref. 35835]). Current status: Valid as Pseudobarbus asper (Boulenger 1911). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Southern South Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

asper, Cyprinus Schmidt [F. W.] 1795:67 [Sammlung physikalisch-ökonomischer Aufsätze: zur Aufnahme der Naturkunde und deren damit verwandten Wissenschaften in Böhmen. v. 1; ref. 18701] Name only, not available; from Moldau [Vltava] River, Czech Republic. •Placement uncertain -- (Kottelat 1997:184 [ref. 22952]). Nomen Nudum. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae.

aspilus, Barbus Boulenger [G. A.] 1907:337 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 20 (no. 118) (art. 43); ref. 15137] Ja River at Bitye, southern Cameroon. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1908.5.30.120. •Valid as Barbus aspilus Boulenger 1907 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:228 [ref. 6186], De Weirdt et al. 2007:479 [ref. 30024]). •Valid as Enteromius aspilus (Boulenger 1907) -- (Armbruster et al. 2015:[3] [ref. 34099], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:351 [ref. 35417], Ren et al. 2020:[5] [ref. 37805]). Current status: Valid as Enteromius aspilus (Boulenger 1907). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: West-central Africa: Cameroon. Habitat: freshwater.

aspius, Barbus Boulenger [G. A.] 1912:14, Pl. 22 (fig. 1) [Annales du Musée du Congo Belge Sér. C (Zoologie) (Sér. 1) v. 2 (fasc. 3); ref. 581] Lebuzi River at Boma Vonde, Congo (±5°08'S, 12°39'E). Syntypes: BMNH 1912.4.1.354 (1), MRAC 1536 (1). •Valid as Barbus aspius Boulenger 1912 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:228 [ref. 6186] with MRAC as holotype). •Valid as Labeobarbus aspius (Boulenger 1912) -- (De Weirdt et al. 2007:515 [ref. 30024], Vreven et al. 2016:55 [ref. 34168], Skelton 2019:227 [ref. 36564]). Current status: Valid as Labeobarbus aspius (Boulenger 1912). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Distribution: Lebuzi River drainage, Chiloango basin, Democratic Republic of Congo and ? Angola. Habitat: freshwater.

assimilis, Parasinilabeo Wu [H.-W.] & Yao [?] in Wu, Lin, Chen, Chen & He 1977:366, Fig. 7-88 [The cyprinid fishes of China v. 2; ref. 4807] Li-Jiang system, Yangsuo and Suyun County, Guangxi, China. Syntypes: Yangxu 150 (1), Bu 151 (1), Bu 153-154 (1, 1), Bu 156-157 (1, 1), Siu-ren Bu 001-002 (1, 1). •Incorrectly valid as Pararectoris assimilis (Wu & Yao 1977) -- (Su, Yang & Cui 2001:138 [ref. 25463]). •Valid as Parasinilabeo assimilis Wu & Yao 1977 -- (Zheng et al. 1989:206 [ref. 21202], Chen et al. in Pan et al. 1991:179 [ref. 23876], Zhu 1995:68 [ref. 25213], Zhang 2000:267 [ref. 25071], Zhang et al. in Yue 2000:221 [ref. 25272], Tang et al. 2001:13 [ref. 25373], Huang et al. 2007:531 [ref. 29347], Yuan et al. 2008:47 [ref. 29667], Lan et al. 2013:240 [ref. 32910], Kottelat 2013:156 [ref. 32989], Zhang et al. 2016:113 [ref. 34477] dated 1982, Zheng et al. 2016:144 [ref. 34678]). Current status: Valid as Parasinilabeo assimilis Wu & Yao 1977. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: East Asia: Yangtze River and Pearl River drainages, Guangxi (China). IUCN (2011): Vulnerable. Habitat: freshwater.

assimilis, Systomus Jerdon [T. C.] 1849:319 [Madras Journal of Literature and Science v. 15 (pt 2); ref. 4902] Nethravati River, Dharmasthala, Karnataka, India, 12°57'57.52"N, 75°22'12.14"E, elevation 83 meters [Canara [now Madikeri], Karnataka State, southern India.] Neotype: BNHS FWF 1010. Neotype designated by Katwate et al. 2020:214 [ref. 37497]. •Synonym of Puntius filamentosus (Valenciennes 1844) -- (Menon 1999:92 [ref. 24904] as assiniglis). •Valid as Puntius assimilis (Jerdon 1849) -- (Pethiyagoda & Kottelat 2005:134 [ref. 28274], Rema Devi et al. 2010:1121 [ref. 30982], Knight et al. 2011:1690 [ref. 31267]). •Valid as Dawkinsia assimilis (Jerdon 1849) -- (Pethiyagoda et al. 2012:80 [ref. 32071], Bleher 2018:416 [ref. 36647], Katwate et al. 2020:214 [ref. 37497], Ren et al. 2020:[5] [ref. 37805], Katwate et al. 2020:725 [ref. 37975], Sudasinghe et al. 2021:[3] [ref. 38706]). Current status: Valid as Dawkinsia assimilis (Jerdon 1849). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: South Asia: Nethravathi River drainage, Karnataka, southern Western Ghats (southern India). Habitat: freshwater.

atakorensis, Barbus Daget [J.] 1957:140, Fig. 17 [Mémoires de l'Institut français d'Afrique Noire No. 50; ref. 12063] Creek in Atakora mountain range, between Tanguiéta and Natitingou, Benin [Dahomey]. Holotype: MNHN 1956-0107. Paratypes: MNHN 1960-0448 (20). Type catalog: Blanc 1961:264 [ref. 20870]. •Valid as Barbus atakorensis Daget 1957 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:228 [ref. 6186], Lévêque 1989:205 [ref. 13471], Lévêque in Lévêque et al. 1990:354 [ref. 21589]). •Valid as Enteromius atakorensis (Daget 1957) -- (Yang et al. 2015:112 [ref. 33694], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:351 [ref. 35417], Mamonekene et al. 2018:11 [ref. 36400]). Current status: Valid as Enteromius atakorensis (Daget 1957). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Western Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

ater, Carassius auratus Bade [E.] 1894:13 [ ref. 34766] Domesticated aquarium fish. No types known. •Synonym of Carassius auratus (Linnaeus 1758). Current status: Synonym of Carassius auratus (Linnaeus 1758). Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater.

ater, Puntius Linthoingambi [I.] & Vishwanath [W.] 2007:46, Fig. 1 [Zootaxa No. 1450; ref. 29122] Iril River at Bamonkampu, Chindwin River basin, Manipur State, India. Holotype: MUMF 6101. Paratypes: MUMF 3030 (1), 6102-06 (5), 6107-11 (5), 6208-15 (8); Uncat. (20). •Valid as Puntius ater Linthoingambi & Vishwanath 2007 -- (Knight et al. 2012:2413 [ref. 31841]). •Valid as Pethia ater (Linthoingambi & Vishwanath 2007) -- (Pethiyagoda et al. 2012:81 [ref. 32071], Mayanglambam & Vishwanath 2013:87 [ref. 32976]). •Valid as Pethia atra (Linthoingambi & Vishwanath 2007) -- (Kottelat 2013:140 [ref. 32989], Katwate et al. 2014:244 [ref. 33433], Shangningam & Vishwanath 2018:590 [ref. 35803], Shangningam et al. 2020:332 [ref. 37259], Shangningam & Kosygin 2023:17 [ref. 39886]). Current status: Valid as Pethia atra (Linthoingambi & Vishwanath 2007). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: South Asia: Chindwin-Irrawaddy basin, Manipur, India. Habitat: freshwater.

ater, Tor Roberts [T. R.] 1999:231, Fig. 3 [Raffles Bulletin of Zoology v. 47 (no. 1); ref. 23900] Nam Theun at Ban Talang, Laos. Holotype: ZRC 40356. Paratypes: ZRC 40357 (2). •Valid as Tor ater Roberts 1999 -- (Kottelat 2001:83 [ref. 25780], Chen & Yang 2004:190 [ref. 27990], Kottelat 2013:168 [ref. 32989], Hoàng et al. 2015:552 [ref. 33936], Kottelat 2015:43 [ref. 33971], Walton et al. 2016:1 [ref. 35037], Pinder et al. 2019:[3] [ref. 36696], Jaafar et al. 2021:3 [ref. 38256]). Current status: Valid as Tor ater Roberts 1999. Cyprinidae: Torinae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Nam Theun (Laos) endemic. Habitat: freshwater.

athi, Barbus Hubbs [C. L.] 1918:10, Pl. 1 [Field Museum of Natural History, Publications, Zoölogical Series v. 12 (pt 2); ref. 10684] Athi River, Kenya, East Africa. Holotype: FMNH 6108. Paratypes: FMNH 6109-10 (10, 55). Type catalog: Ibarra & Stewart 1987:15 [ref. 12367] with 63 paratypes. •Synonym of Barbus oxyrhynchus Pfeffer 1889 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:276 [ref. 6186], Seegers et al. 2003:32 [ref. 28087]). •Synonym of Labeobarbus oxyrhynchus (Pfeffer 1889) -- (Vreven et al. 2016:65 [ref. 34168]). Current status: Synonym of Labeobarbus oxyrhynchus (Pfeffer 1889). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Habitat: freshwater.

atkinsoni, Barbus Bailey [R. G.] 1969:92, Fig. 2 [Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines v. 80 (nos 1-2); ref. 7796] Pool in flood plain of Kilombero River near Ifakara, Rufiji system, Tanzania. Holotype: BMNH 1969.6.5.1. Paratypes: BMNH 1969.6.5.2-10 (9), 1969.6.5.11-13 (3), 1969.6.5.14-24 (11). •Valid as Barbus atkinsoni Bailey 1969 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:229 [ref. 6186], Farm 2000:979 [ref. 25015], Snoeks 2004:21 [ref. 28111]). •Valid as Enteromius atkinsoni (Bailey 1969) -- (Yang et al. 2015:112 [ref. 33694], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:351 [ref. 35417], Scheepers et al. 2024:12 [ref. 41328]). Current status: Valid as Enteromius atkinsoni (Bailey 1969). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Southeastern Africa: Rufiji River drainage, Tanzania. Habitat: freshwater.

atlantica, Capoeta Boulenger [G. A.] 1902:124 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 9 (no. 50) (art. 23); ref. 14845] Stream running into the Wad N'fys [Oued Nfis] at Tsigadir-el-hor, Atlas Mountains, Morocco. Syntypes: BMNH 1902.1.4.18-19 (2). Genus originally as Capoëta. •Synonym of Barbus fritschii Günther 1874 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:246 [ref. 6186]). •Synonym of Carasobarbus fritschii (Günther 1874) -- (Borkenhagen & Krupp 2013:24 [ref. 32915]). •Synonym of Labeobarbus fritschii (Günther 1874) -- (Vreven et al. 2016:59 [ref. 34168]). •Synonym of Enteromius fritschii (Günther 1874) -- (Hayes & Armbruster 2017:352 [ref. 35417]). Current status: Synonym of Carasobarbus fritschii (Günther 1874). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Habitat: freshwater.

atridorsalis, Mystacoleucus Fowler [H. W.] 1937:176, Figs. 112-113 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 89; ref. 1425] Mekong River at Kemrat [Kemarat], Thailand. Holotype: ANSP 68084. Paratypes: ANSP 68085 (1). Type catalog: Monkolprasit 1969:9 [ref. 25088], Böhlke 1984:69 [ref. 13621]. •Valid as Mystacoleucus atridorsalis Fowler 1937 -- (Kottelat 1984:805 [ref. 11440], Rainboth 1996:91 [ref. 22772], Doi 1997:8 [ref. 22832], Kottelat 1998:38 [ref. 23436], Kottelat 2000:44 [ref. 25040], Kottelat 2001:61 [ref. 25780], Kottelat 2013:125 [ref. 32989], Kottelat 2015:42 [ref. 33971], Taki et al. 2021:144 [ref. 39830]). Current status: Valid as Mystacoleucus atridorsalis Fowler 1937. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Mekong River basin, Laos, Thailand and Cambodia. Habitat: freshwater.

atrilimes, Crossocheilus Kottelat [M.] 2000:39, Fig. 2 [Journal of South Asian Natural History v. 5 (no. 1); ref. 25040] Nam Mang at Keng Nam Mang (rapids), about 6 kilometers upstream of Ban Hatkhai, 18°26'33"N, 103°10'32"E, Vientiane, Laos. Holotype: ZRC 45296. Paratypes: CMK 13180 (25), LARRI uncat. (5), NRM 44879 (5), ZRC 45299 (5). •Valid as Crossocheilus atrilimes Kottelat 2000 -- (Kottelat 2001:43 [ref. 25780], Kottelat 2013:89 [ref. 32989], Ciccotto et al. 2017:273 [ref. 35402], Taki et al. 2021:176 [ref. 39830]). Current status: Valid as Crossocheilus atrilimes Kottelat 2000. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Mekong and Chao Phraya River basins, Thailand, Cambodia and Laos. Habitat: freshwater.

atromaculatus, Barbus Nichols [J. T.] & Griscom [L.] 1917:697, Fig. 12 [Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History v. 37 (art. 25); ref. 3185] Yakuluku, Rep. of Congo. Holotype: AMNH 6295. Paratypes: (25) AMNH 5845 (6, now 5), 6074 (1), 6125 (1), 6214 (5, now 3), 6246 (2). •Valid as Barbus atromaculatus Nichols & Griscom 1917 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:229 [ref. 6186]). •Valid as Enteromius atromaculatus (Nichols & Griscom 1917) -- (Yang et al. 2015:112 [ref. 33694], Van Ginneken et al. 2017:28 [ref. 35381], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:351 [ref. 35417], Mamonekene et al. 2018:11 [ref. 36400], Kiselkewa et al. 2020:[7] 706 [ref. 38315], Bigirimana et al. 2024:14 [ref. 41612], Ilodiri et al. 2024:17 [ref. 41618]). Current status: Valid as Enteromius atromaculatus (Nichols & Griscom 1917). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Central Africa: upper Congo basin (Democratic Republic of Congo). Habitat: freshwater.

atrovirens, Cyprinus Richardson [J.] 1846:287 [Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 15th meeting [1845]; ref. 3742] Canton, China. No types known. Originally as atro-virens. Based solely on illustration by Reeves (see Whitehead 1970:209, Pl. 14a [ref. 11606]). •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Barus et al. in Bănărescu & Paepke 2002:86 [ref. 25856]). •Synonym of Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacepède 1803 -- (Kottelat 2006:30 [ref. 28831]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacepède 1803. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

augraoides, Gobio Jerdon [T. C.] 1849:307 [Madras Journal of Literature and Science v. 15 (pt 2); ref. 4902] Cauvery River and its tributaries, Karnataka, southern India. •Valid as Labeo augraoides (Jerdon 1849) -- (Plamoottil & Vineeth 2020:1042 [ref. 39364]). •Possibly a senior synonym of Osteochilichthys nashii (Day 1868) -- (Plamoottil 2022:988 [ref. 39362]). •Valid as Osteochilichthys augraoides (Jerdon 1849) -- (Plamoottil & Vineeth 2022:1319 [ref. 39453]). Current status: Valid as Osteochilichthys augraoides (Jerdon 1849). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Distribution: South Asia: Bhavani River basin, Karnataka, India. Habitat: freshwater.

aurantiacus, Barbus Boulenger [G. A.] 1910:554 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 8) v. 6 (no. 36); ref. 577] Lucala River at Lucala, Angola. Lectotype: BMNH 1911.6.1.78. Paralectotypes: (4) BMNH 1911.6.1.79-80 (2), NMW 53702 (1), ZMB 18223 (1). Lectotype selected by Greenwood 1962:200 [ref. 19234]. •Synonym of Barbus radiatus Peters 1853 -- (Seegers 1996:143 [ref. 23725]). •Synonym of Barbus radiatus Peters 1853, but a valid subspecies -- (Greenwood 1970:9 [ref. 7743], Lévêque & Daget 1984:284 [ref. 6186]). •Synonym of Enteromius radiatus (Peters 1853) -- (Hayes & Armbruster 2017:355 [ref. 35417]). Current status: Synonym of Enteromius radiatus (Peters 1853). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Habitat: freshwater.

aurata, Barbus fluviatilis var. Veesenmayer [G.] 1884:325 [Jahreshefte des Vereins für Vaterländische Naturkunde in Württemberg v. 40; ref. 20855] Danube River at Rottenacker, 5 kilometers south-southwest of Ehingen, 48°14'N, 9°41'30"E, Germany. Holotype (unique): SMNS 14331. Type catalog: Fricke 1995:10 [ref. 28100], Fricke 2005:31 [ref. 29864] A primary homonym of Barbus fluviatilis aurata Fatio 1882. Species epithet correct as auratus due to masculine gender of genus Barbus. •Synonym of Barbus barbus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:47 [ref. 22952]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Barbus barbus (Linnaeus 1758). Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Habitat: freshwater.

aurata, Barbus fluviatilis var. Fatio [V.] 1882:249 [Faune des Vertébrés de la Suisse Part 1; ref. 1308] Confluence of rivers Sarine and Aar, Switzerland. Treated as infrasubspecific and unavailable by Kottelat 1997:47 [ref. 22952], but name is available as described. Species epithet correct as auratus due to masculine gender of genus Barbus. •Synonym of Barbus barbus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:47 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Barbus barbus (Linnaeus 1758). Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Habitat: freshwater.

aurata, Cirrhina Sauvage [H.-E.] 1878:236 [4] [Bulletin de la Société philomathique de Paris (7th Série) v. 2; ref. 3879] Phnom-Penh, Cambodia. Lectotype: MNHN 0000-3849. Paralectotypes: MNHN 0000-3849 (1 of 2). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:14 [ref. 19574]. On p. 4 of separate. Original genus should have been Cirrhinus. Lectotype selected by Banarescu 1983:17. Simultaneous subjective synonym of C. macrocephalus; Sauvage (1878:136) gave preference to microlepis. •Synonym of Cirrhinus microlepis Sauvage 1878 -- (Kottelat 1984:797 [ref. 11440], Rainboth 1996:107 [ref. 22772], Roberts 1997:192 [ref. 23550], Kottelat 2001:42 [ref. 25780], Kottelat 2013:88 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Cirrhinus microlepis Sauvage 1878. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater.

auratus, Cyprinus Linnaeus [C.] 1758:322 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] China; Japanese rivers. No types known. Neotype designation by Fricke 1999:83 [ref. 24106] is invalid; see Fricke 2000:639 [ref. 24537]. Paepke 1999:70 [ref. 24282] treats types for Cyprinus auratus var. a and var. c of Bloch 1784. Also appeared in Linnaeus 1759:252 [ref. 24770]. •Valid as Cyprinus auratus Linnaeus 1758 -- (Herrera 1896:21 [ref. 39336]). •Valid as Carassius carassius (Linnaeus 1758), subspecies auratus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kuroda 1953:276 [ref. 39545]). •Valid as Carassius auratus (Linnaeus 1758), subspecies auratus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Cheng & Zhou 1997:185 [ref. 26385], Szczerbowski in Bănărescu & Paepke 2002:5 [ref. 25856], López et al. 2003:9 [ref. 27366], Jang et al. 2003:119 [ref. 27681], Hammer & Walker 2004:91 [ref. 28129], Menni 2004:71 [ref. 28131], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:60 [ref. 28183], Mundy 2005:150 [ref. 28379], Allen et al. 2006:346 [ref. 29004], Fricke et al. 2007:36 [ref. 29533], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:142 [ref. 29996], McPhail 2007:60 [ref. 31199], Shrestha 2008:55 [ref. 29923], Fricke et al. 2009:23 [ref. 30213], Minckley & Marsh 2009:175 [ref. 31114], Coad 2010:156 [ref. 36620], Esmaeili et al. 2010:368 [ref. 33391], Fricke et al. 2011:355 [ref. 31242], Page & Burr 2011:154 [ref. 31215], Marshall 2011:121 [ref. 31755], Yang 2011:4747 [ref. 37585], Kalous et al. 2012:11 [ref. 32063], Kottelat 2013:84 [ref. 32989], Angulo et al. 2013:991 [ref. 33194], Khalaf 2013:4 [ref. 37897], Sarmiento et al. 2014:187 [ref. 35004], McDowall & Stewart 2015:312 [ref. 34241], Zhang et al. 2016:83 [ref. 34477], Miesen et al. 2016:82 [ref. 34492]). •Valid as Carassius auratus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Berg 1949:820 [ref. 20661], Okada 1961:526 [ref. 6363], Chen & Huang 1977:432 [ref. 8497], Mai 1978:24 [ref. 13511], Lee et al. 1980:147 [ref. 22416], Coad 1981:9 [ref. 22348], Cadwallader & Backhouse 1983:164 [ref. 25473], Wang 1984:15 [ref. 22951], Kuang in Kuang et al. 1986:143 [ref. 26639], Smith 1986:119 [ref. 22186], Lelek 1987:171 [ref. 22962], Robison & Buchanan 1988:173 [ref. 23393], Paxton et al. 1989:216 [ref. 12442], Zhou in Chu & Chen 1989:350 [ref. 13584], Paulin et al. 1989:81 [ref. 24556], Zheng et al. 1989:239 [ref. 21202], McAllister 1990:58 [ref. 14674], Tomelleri & Eberle 1990:81 [ref. 24089], Page & Burr 1991:64 [ref. 18983], Coad 1991:15 [ref. 15702], Yang 1991:198 [ref. 13585], Liu in Pan et al. 1991:229 [ref. 23876], Talwar & Jhingran 1991:161 [ref. 20764], Wu & Wu 1992:517 [ref. 21205], Boschung 1992:45 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:141 [ref. 22809], Kottelat et al. 1993:33 [ref. 23448], Skelton 1993:189 [ref. 24071], Ding 1994:419 [ref. 21531], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:275 [ref. 21581], La Rivers 1994:454 [ref. 23389], Coad 1995:14 [ref. 23608], Baxter & Stone 1995:58 [ref. 23374], Stauffer et al. 1995:61 [ref. 23376], Yang & Chen 1995:99 [ref. 23555], Cross & Collins 1995:53 [ref. 23394], Zhu 1995:99 [ref. 25213], Mrakovcic et al. 1995:184 [ref. 23079], Brumley in McDowall 1996:99 [ref. 22909], Coad 1996:84 [ref. 25304], Mettee et al. 1996:151 [ref. 25836], Sigler & Sigler 1996:66 [ref. 25943], Murdy et al. 1997:85 [ref. 23144], Kim 1997:158 [ref. 24032], Reshetnikov et al. 1997:736 [ref. 24702], Vu & Nguyen 1997:26 [ref. 26438], Bianco 1997:620 [ref. 26725], Chen in Chen 1998:259 [ref. 23556], Bogutskaya 1998:91 [ref. 23589], Castro et al. 1998:79 [ref. 24271], Scott & Crossman 1998:391 [ref. 24570], Fricke 1999:83 [ref. 24106], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:147 [ref. 25013], Fuller et al. 1999:53 [ref. 25838], Dyer 2000:89 [ref. 26678], Rafique 2000:324 [ref. 25220], Luo & Yue in Yue 2000:429 [ref. 25272], Kim et al. 2000:224 [ref. 25434], Lyons et al. 2000:47 [ref. 26594], Tang et al. 2001:13 [ref. 25373], Kottelat 2001:20 [ref. 25482], Pietsch et al. 2001:139 [ref. 25688], Kottelat 2001:42 [ref. 25780], Hutchins 2001:21 [ref. 25847], Ross et al. 2001:130 [ref. 25978], Bogutskaya et al. 2001:44 [ref. 26178], Wang et al. 2001:164 [ref. 26566], Bianco & Ketmaier 2001:194 [ref. 26728], Skelton 2001:189 [ref. 27406], Kim & Park 2002:55 [ref. 25913], Allen et al. 2002:360 [ref. 25930], Choi et al. 2003:156, 501 [ref. 26218], Moyle 2002:170 [ref. 26449], Mirza 2003:12 [ref. 27265], Wydoski & Whitney 2003:120 [ref. 27816], Bailey et al. 2004:72 [ref. 27882], Nelson et al. 2004:68 [ref. 27807], Miller & Robison 2004:88 [ref. 27931], Boschung & Mayden 2004:155 [ref. 27995], Hanel & Lusk 2005:263 [ref. 28804], Scharpf 2005:12 [ref. 28940], Hammer et al. 2012:66 [ref. 32389], Page et al. 2013:69 [ref. 32708], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:869 [ref. 34062], Barbieri et al. 2015:48 [ref. 35029], Esmaeili et al. 2015:120 [ref. 35030], Mirande & Koerber 2015:10 [ref. 35117], Çiçek et al. 2015:144 [ref. 35151], Esmaeili et al. 2017:42 [ref. 35254], Kottelat 2017:327 [ref. 35658], Esmaeili et al. 2018:23 [ref. 36089], Fricke et al. 2018:58 [ref. 35805], Kuiter 2018:98 [ref. 36369], Rylková et al. 2018:[6] [ref. 35881], Al-Moussawi & Afrasiab 2019:36 [ref. 37204], Ćaleta et al. 2019:152 [ref. 37026], Lorenzoni et al. 2019:251 [ref. 37108], Zhang et al. 2019:351 [ref. 36699], Çiçek et al. 2020:248 [ref. 37644], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:61 [ref. 37983], Reis et al. 2020:456 [ref. 38364], Rodríguez-Barrera et al. 2020:45 [ref. 37800], Angulo 2021:13 [ref. 38913], Baikeche et al. 2021:959 [ref. 39080], Fu et al. 2021:9571 [ref. 39347], Guo 2021:472 [ref. 38617], Taki et al. 2021:153 [ref. 39830], Çiçek et al. 2022:4 [ref. 38985], Jamaluddin et al. 2022:[5] [ref. 39245], Pozdeev et al. 2022:5 [ref. 39511] species complex, Bagley et al. 2023:313 [ref. 41241], Chan et al. 2023:134 [ref. 40365], Chen et al. 2023:9 [ref. 40668], Çiçek et al. 2023:22 [ref. 40326], Çiçek et al. 2023:458 [ref. 40601], Çiçek et al. 2023:13 [ref. 40616], Çiçek et al. 2023:362 [ref. 40625], Dyldin et al. 2023:[11] [ref. 40328], Jamandre 2023:165 [ref. 40455], Mousavi-Sabet et al. 2023:30 [ref. 40667], Page et al. 2023:66 [ref. 40505], Saad et al. 2023:18 [ref. 40501], Shumka et al. 2023:37 [ref. 40747], Çiçek et al. 2024:137 [ref. 40789], Fricke et al. 2024:161 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Carassius auratus (Linnaeus 1758). Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: East Asia: China and Japan. Introduced widely elsewhere; many cultivated goldfish varieties. IUCN (2013): Least Concern. Habitat: freshwater.

auratus, Leuciscus Mauduyt [F.] 1849:32 [Bulletin Société Académique d'Agriculture, Belles-Lettres, Sciences et Arts de Poitiers 1848, v. 3, fasc. 9-12; ref. 17615] Treated as available by Kottelat 1997:51 [ref. 22952] and as a secondary homonym of Cyprinus auratus Linnaeus 1758. •Synonym of Carassius auratus (Linnaeus 1758). 2°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Carassius auratus (Linnaeus 1758). Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater.

aurea, Pethia Knight [J. D. M.] 2013:174, Fig. 1A [Zootaxa 3700 (no. 1); ref. 32828] Ponds in South 24, Parganas District, West Bengal, India. Holotype: ZSI/SRC 8730. Paratypes: ZSI/SRC 8731 (9). •Valid as Pethia aurea Knight 2013 -- (Katwate et al. 2014:244 [ref. 33433], Shangningam & Vishwanath 2018:591 [ref. 35803], Bleher 2018:654 [ref. 36647], Shangningam et al. 2020:332 [ref. 37259], Shangningam & Kosygin 2023:18 [ref. 39886]). Current status: Valid as Pethia aurea Knight 2013. Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: South Asia: Ganga-Brahmaputra basin, West Bengal, India. Habitat: freshwater.

aureus, Barbus Tirant [G.] 1883:96 [27] [Bulletin de la Société des Études Indo-chinoises. Saigon. 1883; ref. 17920] Hué, Vietnam. Lectotype: MHNL 4200-0029 (3566). Paralectotypes: MHNL 4200-0030 (2). Type catalog: Chevey 1937:250 [ref. 31779]. On p. 27 of reprint in Chevey 1929 [ref. 16215]. Subjectively invalid; secondarily preoccupied by Labeobarbus aureus Cope 1867 in Barbus, replaced by Barbus fernandezypezi Fowler 1958. Lectotype selected by Kottelat 1987:6 [ref. 11434]. •Synonym of Barbus semifasciolatus Günther 1868 -- (Kottelat 1987:8 [ref. 11434]). •Synonym of Puntius semifasciolatus (Günther 1868). •Questionably the same as Barbodes semifasciolatus (Günther 1868) -- (Kottelat 2013:79 [ref. 32989]). 2°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Barbodes semifasciolatus (Günther 1868). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Habitat: freshwater.

aureus, Labeobarbus Cope [E. D.] 1867:406 [Transactions of the American Philosophical Society (New Series) v. 13 (pt 3) (art. 13); ref. 18027] Umvoti, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, southwestern Indian Ocean. Syntypes: ANSP 7669-70 (2). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:69 [ref. 13621]. •Synonym of Barbus natalensis Castelnau 1861 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:272 [ref. 6186]). •Synonym of Labeobarbus natalensis (Castelnau 1861) -- (Vreven et al. 2016:65 [ref. 34168]). Current status: Synonym of Labeobarbus natalensis (Castelnau 1861). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Habitat: freshwater.

aurolineatus, Lobocheilos Ciccotto [P. J.] & Tan [H. H.] 2018:544, Figs. 1-2 [Zootaxa 4399 (no. 4); ref. 35856] Mahakam River at Kota Bangum, East Kalimantan, Indonesia, 0°16.02'S, 116°35.16'E. Holotype: MZB 17222. Paratypes: MZB, UF, ZRC. Plus additional aquarium material. •Valid as Lobocheilos aurolineatus Ciccotto & Tan 2018. Current status: Valid as Lobocheilos aurolineatus Ciccotto & Tan 2018. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Mahakam River basin, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Habitat: freshwater.

aurotaeniatus, Barbus Tirant [G.] 1885:195 [160] [Excursions et Reconnaissances: Cochinchine française v. 10; ref. 17923] Thu-dâu-môt, Vietnam. Lectotype: MHNL 4200-0258. On p. 160 of reprint in Chevey 1929 [ref. 16215]. Lectotype selected by Kottelat 1987:8 [ref. 11434]. •Valid as Barbus aurotaeniatus Tirant 1885 -- (Kottelat 1987:8, 21 [ref. 11434]). •Valid as Systomus aurotaeniatus (Tirant 1885) -- (Rainboth 1996:103 [ref. 22772]). •Valid as Puntius aurotaeniatus (Tirant 1885) -- (Doi 1997:10 [ref. 22832], Kottelat 1998:49 [ref. 23436], Doi 2000:396 [ref. 25097], Freyhof et al. 2000:95 [ref. 25184], Kottelat 2001:72 [ref. 25780]). •Valid as Barbodes aurotaeniatus (Tirant 1885) -- (Kottelat 2013:77 [ref. 32989], Kottelat 2015:40 [ref. 33971], Ren et al. 2020:[6] [ref. 37805], Taki et al. 2021:128 [ref. 39830]). Current status: Valid as Barbodes aurotaeniatus (Tirant 1885). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Chao Phraya and Mekong River basins, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia and Vietnam. Habitat: freshwater.

aurovittatus, Labeo (Labeo) Sauvage [H.-E.] 1878:239 [7] [Bulletin de la Société philomathique de Paris (7th Série) v. 2; ref. 3879] "Laos Siamois" [Isarn, Northeastern part of Thailand]. No types known. On p. 7 of separate. Simultaneous subjective synonym of C. microlepis; Kottelat 1984:792,802 gave precedence to microlepis. •Tentatively a synonym of Cirrhinus microlepis Sauvage 1878 -- (Kottelat 1984:802 [ref. 11440]). •Synonym of Cirrhinus microlepis Sauvage 1878 -- (Roberts 1997:192 [ref. 23550], Kottelat 2013:88 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Cirrhinus microlepis Sauvage 1878. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater.

austellus, Dawkinsia Katwate [U.], Marcus Knight [J. D.], Anoop [V. K.], Raghavan [R.] & Dahanukar [N.] 2020:221, Fig. 7A-C [Vertebrate Zoology v. 70 (no. 2); ref. 37497] Muvattupuzha River, Kerala, India, 09°59'09.90"N, 76°35'04.90"E, elevation 123 meters. Holotype: BNHS FWF 750. Paratype: WHT 296 (1). •Valid as Dawkinsia austellus Katwate, Marcus Knight, Anoop, Raghavan & Dahanukar 2020 -- (Katwate et al. 2020:725 [ref. 37975], Sudasinghe et al. 2021:[3] [ref. 38706]). Current status: Valid as Dawkinsia austellus Katwate, Marcus Knight, Anoop, Raghavan & Dahanukar 2020. Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: South Asia: Muvattupuzha and Chalakudy River drainages (Kerala, southern India). Habitat: freshwater.

australis, Barbus intermedius Banister [K. E.] 1973:75 [Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Zoology v. 26 (no. 1); ref. 7554] Lake Baringo, Kenya. Holotype: BMNH 1932.6.13.191. Paratypes: (58) 1932.6.13.192-200 (9). •Synonym of Barbus intermedius Rüppell 1835, but a valid subspecies as described -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:255 [ref. 6186]). •Synonym of Labeobarbus intermedius (Rüppell 1835) -- (Tsigenopoulos et al. 2010:853 [ref. 34067], Beshera et al. 2016:377 [ref. 34343]). Current status: Synonym of Labeobarbus intermedius (Rüppell 1835). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Habitat: freshwater.

axelrodi, Varicorhinus Getahun [A.], Stiassny [M. L. J.] & Teugels [G. G.] 2004:160, Figs. 1 A-B [Cybium v. 28 (no. 2); ref. 27830] Rivière Loukoula, lieudit "Porte du Mayombe", 9 kilometers en aval de Mpounga, Republic of the Congo, 4°20'S-12°26'E. Holotype: MRAC 91-68-P-1132. Paratypes: AMNH 232315 (1), 232907 (3), 233184 (1); CUMV 87041 (1), 88131 (1); MRAC 90-057-P-1297-1300 (4), 90-057-P-1314-1327 (14); 99-55-P-246-247 (2), 99-55-P-249 (1), 99-90-P-459-460 (2). Spelled alexrodi in Zoological Record, 2004:881. •Valid as Varicorhinus axelrodi Getahun, Stiassny & Teugels 2004 -- (De Weirdt et al. 2007:543 [ref. 30024]). •Valid as Labeobarbus axelrodi (Getahun, Stiassny & Teugels 2004) -- (Vreven et al. 2016:55 [ref. 34168], Fermon et al. 2022:136 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Labeobarbus axelrodi (Getahun, Stiassny & Teugels 2004). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Distribution: Western-central Africa: lower and central Kouilou (Republic of the Congo); Gabon. Habitat: freshwater.

aydinensis, Capoeta Turan [D.], Küçük [F.], Kaya [C.], Güçlü [S. S.] & Bektaş [Y.] 2017:437, Figs. 1a-b, 2a-d, 3 [Turkish Journal of Zoology v. 41; ref. 35330] Turkey, Aydin Province, Çine Stream, Büyük Menderes drainage, 37°25'N, 28°08'. Holotype: FFR 01926. Paratypes: FFR, IUSHM. Type catalog: Kaya et al. 2021:406 [ref. 38688]. •Valid as Capoeta aydinensis Turan, Küçük, Kaya, Güçlü & Bektaş 2017 -- (Çiçek et al. 2018:3 [ref. 36267], Elp et al. 2018:103 [ref. 35851], Çiçek et al. 2020:247 [ref. 37644], Çiçek et al. 2023:368 [ref. 40625], Çiçek et al. 2024:154 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Capoeta aydinensis Turan, Küçük, Kaya, Güçlü & Bektaş 2017. Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Distribution: Asia Minor: Büyük Menderes basin, western Anatolia (Turkey). Habitat: freshwater.

ayuthiae, Papillocheilus Smith [H. M.] 1945:231, Fig. 42 [Bulletin of the United States National Museum No. 188; ref. 4056] Short tributary of Chao Phya River, near Ayuthia, central Thailand. Holotype: USNM 119495. Paratypes: MCZ 36252 [ex USNM 119496] (1), USNM 119496 (orig. 1, now 0). Type catalog: Monkolprasit 1969:11 [ref. 25088]. •Synonym of Cosmochilus harmandi Sauvage 1878 -- (Kottelat 1984:799 [ref. 11440], Kottelat 2001:43 [ref. 25780], Kottelat 2013:89 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Cosmochilus harmandi Sauvage 1878. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater.

babaulti, Barbus (Agrammobarbus) Pellegrin [J.] 1935:382 [Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines v. 27 (no. 3); ref. 5041] Katana and Kadjuju, Lake Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo. Syntypes: MNHN 1935-0087 and 0088 (2). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:40 [ref. 19574]. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Barbus (Capoeta) babaulti Pellegrin 1926, replaced by Barbus lapsus Bannister 1973. •Synonym of Barbus apleurogramma Boulenger 1911 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:227 [ref. 6186], Seegers 1996:95 [ref. 23725]). •Synonym of Enteromius apleurogramma (Boulenger 1911) -- (Hayes & Armbruster 2017:351 [ref. 35417]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Enteromius apleurogramma (Boulenger 1911). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Habitat: freshwater.

babaulti, Barbus (Capoeta) Pellegrin [J.] 1927:387 [Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France v. 51 (no. 5) [for 1926]; ref. 15937] Nairobi, Kenya. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1926-0285. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:45 [ref. 19574]. •Synonym of Barbus oxyrhynchus Pfeffer 1889 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:276 [ref. 6186], Seegers et al. 2003:32 [ref. 28087]). •Synonym of Labeobarbus oxyrhynchus (Pfeffer 1889) -- (Vreven et al. 2016:65 [ref. 34168]). Current status: Synonym of Labeobarbus oxyrhynchus (Pfeffer 1889). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Habitat: freshwater.

babaulti, Varicorhinus Pellegrin [J.] 1932:958 [Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Série 2) v. 4 (no. 8); ref. 16514] River near Bukavu, Kivu region, Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1932-0181. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:46 [ref. 19574]. •Synonym of Varicorhinus pellegrini Bertin & Estève 1948 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:339 [ref. 6186]). •Preoccupied by Barbus (Capoeta) babaulti (Pelegrin 1926), replaced by Labeobarbus pellegrini (Bertin & Estève 1948) -- (Vreven et al. 2016:56 [ref. 34168]). Current status: Synonym of Labeobarbus pellegrini (Bertin & Estève 1948). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Distribution: Democratic Republic of Congo. Habitat: freshwater.

babeensis, Spinibarbus Nguyen [V. H.] in Nguyen & Ngô 2002:312, Fig. 148 [Freshwater fishes of Viet Nam. Volume I. Family Cyprinidae v. 1; ref. 28301] Hô Ba Bê, Bác Kan, Viêt Nam. Holotype: VNCNTTS I: H.01.64.05.01. Paratypes: VNCNTTS I: H.01.64.05.02 (1). •Valid as Spinibarbus babeensis Nguyen 2002 -- (Kottelat 2013:164 [ref. 32989] with question, Nguyen et al. 2015:105 [ref. 36432]). Current status: Valid as Spinibarbus babeensis Nguyen 2002. Cyprinidae: Spinibarbinae. Distribution: Nang River and Ba Bê Lake (Bác Kan), Vietnam. Habitat: freshwater.

babeensis, Varicorhinus (Onychostoma) Nguyen [V. H.] & Nguyen [T. D.] in Nguyen & Ngô 2002:414, Fig. 203 [Freshwater fishes of Viet Nam. Volume I. Family Cyprinidae v. 1; ref. 28301] Lake Ba Be, Nam Mau village; Bac Kan Province, Vietnam. Holotype (unique): DHNLTN 98.25.025. •Probably a synonym of Onychostoma gerlachi (Peters 1881) -- (Xin et al. 2009:260 [ref. 30708]). •Valid as Onychostoma babeense (Nguyen & Nguyen 2002) -- (Kottelat 2013:128 [ref. 32989] with question). Current status: Uncertain as Onychostoma babeense (Nguyen & Nguyen 2002). Cyprinidae: Acrossocheilinae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Ba Bê, Bac Kan Province, Vietnam [if valid]. Habitat: freshwater.

bagbwensis, Barbus Norman [J. R.] 1932:181, Fig. 1 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 10) v. 10 (no. 56); ref. 3222] Tributaries of Bagbwe River, Sierra Leone. Holotype: BMNH 1932.5.18.20-21 (larger of 2). Paratypes: BMNH 1932.5.18.20-21 (smaller of 2). •Valid as Barbus bagbwensis Norman 1932 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:229 [ref. 6186], Lévêque in Lévêque et al. 1990:347 [ref. 21589], Paugy et al. 1990:338 [ref. 26477]). •Valid as Enteromius bagbwensis (Norman 1932) -- (Yang et al. 2015:112 [ref. 33694], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:351 [ref. 35417]). Current status: Valid as Enteromius bagbwensis (Norman 1932). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Sierra Leone. Habitat: freshwater.

baileyi, Chagunius Rainboth [W. J.] 1986:10, Fig. 2 [Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology University of Michigan No. 712; ref. 5849] Huey Lamao at Ban Mae Lamao, 16°48'N, 98°44'E, Tak Province, Thailand. Holotype: UMMZ 210700. Paratypes: BMNH 1888.10.22.13-14 (2); NIFI 00979 (4), 01309-10 (9, 39); NRM 10437 (1); UMMZ 209122 (1), 209139 (3, 2 c&s); USNM 107807-08 (1, 2). •Valid as Chagunius baileyi Rainboth 1986 -- (Talwar & Jhingran 1991:166 [ref. 20764], Doi 1997:4 [ref. 22832], Kottelat 2013:86 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Valid as Chagunius baileyi Rainboth 1986. Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Myanmar and Thailand. Habitat: freshwater.

baileyi, Oreinus Lloyd [R. E.] 1908:344, Pl. 25 (figs. 2, 2a) [Records of the Indian Museum (Calcutta) v. 2 (pt 4); ref. 14328] Tibet. Syntypes: BMNH 1919.9.7.5 [ex ZSI] (1), ZSI F2151/1 (4) Gyantse. Type catalog: Menon & Yazdani 1968:113 [ref. 20743]. •Synonym of Schizothorax waltoni Regan 1905 -- (Tsao 1964:155 [ref. 13501]). •Synonym of Racoma waltoni (Regan 1905) -- (Wu & Wu 1992:327 [ref. 21205], Chen & Cao et al. in Yue 2000:330 [ref. 25272]). Current status: Synonym of Schizothorax waltoni Regan 1905. Cyprinidae: Schizothoracinae. Habitat: freshwater.

bajiangensis, Cyprinus (Cyprinus) Li [W.-X.] 2019:34, Fig. 1 [Journal of Jishou University (Natural Science Edition) v. 40 (no. 2); ref. 36687] Bajiang, Lunan County [Shilin County], Yunnan, China. Holotype: HRA 651002. Paratype: HRA 651001 (1). •Valid as Cyprinus bajiangensis Li 2019. Current status: Valid as Cyprinus bajiangensis Li 2019. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: East Asia: Bajiang, Shilin County, Yunnan (China). IUCN (2024): Not Assessed. Habitat: freshwater.

bakeri, Rohtee Day [F.] 1873:240 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1873 (pt 1) (art. 4) (for 4 Mar. 1873); ref. 18824] Cottayam [Kottayam], Kerala State, India. Syntypes: (3) AMS (none found), ZSI F2701 (1). Type catalog: Whitehead & Talwar 1976:155 [ref. 23762], Ferraris et al. 2000:295 [ref. 25110]. •Valid as Osteobrama bakeri (Day 1873) -- (Talwar & Jhingran 1991:237 [ref. 20764], Menon 1999:63 [ref. 24904], Biju et al. 1999:481 [ref. 25439], Raju Thomas et al. 2002:49 [ref. 26359], Shangningam et al. 2020:74 [ref. 37247]). Current status: Valid as Osteobrama bakeri (Day 1873). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Kerala, India. Habitat: freshwater.

balcanicus, Barbus Kotlík [P.], Tsigenopoulos [C. S.], Ráb [P.] & Berrebi [P.] 2002:233, Fig. 4 [Folia Zoologica: international journal of vertebrate zoology. v. 51 (no. 3); ref. 26484] Krupaja River (tributary of Mlava River, Danube River basin), at Milanovac, near Krepoljin, Serbia, Yugoslavia (about 44°16'N, 21°37'E). Holotype: NMW 94609. Paratypes: CMK 17002 (2), MNHN 2001-2675 (3), NMW 94610-94611 (3), ZFMK 22321-22335 (15). •Valid as Barbus balcanicus Kotlík, Tsigenopoulos, Ráb & Berrebi 2002 -- (Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:118 [ref. 29996], Levin et al. 2012:544 [ref. 33912], Barbieri et al. 2015:45 [ref. 35029], Buonerba et al. 2015:115 [ref. 35178], Antal et al. 2016:187 [ref. 34094], Ćaleta et al. 2019:151 [ref. 37026], Lorenzoni et al. 2019:251 [ref. 37108], Rossi et al. 2021:6 [ref. 38697], Nagy et al. 2023:356 [ref. 40348], Shumka et al. 2023:36 [ref. 40747]). Current status: Valid as Barbus balcanicus Kotlík, Tsigenopoulos, Ráb & Berrebi 2002. Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Distribution: Southeastern Europe: Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Romania, Greece, Albania and Macedonia. Habitat: freshwater.

baldasseronii, Labeo Di Caporiacco [L.] 1948:195 [Bollettino di Pesca, Piscicoltura e Idrobiologia Yr. 23 [v. 2, N.S.]; ref. 721] Macequece [Vila de Manica], Mozambique, southeastern Africa. Lectotype: MZUF 5496. Paralectotypes: MZUF 5497-5504 (8). Type catalog: Vanni 1991:221 [ref. 20099] with lectotype and paralectotypes. •Valid as Labeo baldasseronii Di Caporiacco 1948 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:306 [ref. 6186]). Current status: Valid as Labeo baldasseronii Di Caporiacco 1948. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Mozambique. Habitat: freshwater.

baleensis, Enteromius Prokofiev [A. M.], Levin [B. A.] & Golubtsov [A. S.] 2021:5, Figs. 2-7 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 31 (no. 2): IEF-1161; ref. 38739] Shaya River, about 6 km north-west of Robe, Weyb River, Juba River basin, Bale Mountain Region, Bale Province, southeastern Ethiopia, about 7°10'N, 39°58'E. Holotype: ZMMU 23831. Paratypes: BMNH, IBIW, IEE, IOM, SAIAB, ZMMU. •Valid as Enteromius baleensis Prokofiev, Levin & Golubtsov 2021. Current status: Valid as Enteromius baleensis Prokofiev, Levin & Golubtsov 2021. Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Northeastern Africa: Upper Juba River basin, Bale Mountain Region, southeastern Ethiopia. Habitat: freshwater.

baliki, Capoeta Turan [D.], Kottelat [M.], Ekmekçi [F. G.] & Imamoğlu [H. O.] 2006:429, Fig. 7 [Revue Suisse de Zoologie v. 113 (no. 2); ref. 28752] Sakarya River, Kιzιlcahamam Stream, at Kιzιlcahamam, 60 kilometers west of Ankara, 40°29'N, 32°39'E, Ankara, Turkey. Holotype: ESFM-PISI/2004-74. Paratypes: CMK 18541 (10); ESFM-PISI/2004-75 (4); FFR 713 (5), 714 (5), 715 (5), 716 (10). Type catalog: Kaya et al. 2021:406 [ref. 38688]. •Valid as Capoeta baliki Turan, Kottelat, Ekmekçi & Imamoğlu 2006 -- (Fricke et al. 2007:34 [ref. 29533], Özuluğ & Freyhof 2008:293 [ref. 29981], Levin et al. 2012:544 [ref. 33912], Çiçek et al. 2015:143 [ref. 35151], Elp et al. 2018:103 [ref. 35851], Çiçek et al. 2020:247 [ref. 37644], Roman et al. 2022:130 [ref. 39295]). •Synonym of Capoeta tinca (Heckel 1843) -- (Çiçek et al. 2018: 26 [ref. 36267], Çiçek et al. 2021:39 [ref. 38259], Çiçek et al. 2023:371 [ref. 40625], Çiçek et al. 2024:165 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Capoeta tinca (Heckel 1843). Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Habitat: freshwater.

balleroides, Barbus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1842:158 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 16; ref. 1009] Indo-Australian area [not Suriname]. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000-3394. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:25 [ref. 19574]. •Valid as Barbodes balleroides (Valenciennes 1842) -- (Kottelat et al. 1993:32 [ref. 23448], Kottelat & Lim 1996:229 [ref. 23210], Doi 1997:3 [ref. 22832], Martin-Smith & Tan 1998:580 [ref. 23647]). •Valid as Barbonymus aff. balleroides (Valenciennes 1842) -- (Kottelat & Widjanarti 2005:148 [ref. 28284]). •Valid as Barbonymus balleroides (Valenciennes 1842) -- (Kottelat 2013:80 [ref. 32989], Sulaiman et al. 2018:27 [ref. 35802], Wilkinson & Tan 2018:598 [ref. 36226], Hasan et al. 2022:6035 [ref. 39888]). Current status: Valid as Barbonymus balleroides (Valenciennes 1842). Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: Southeast Asia. Habitat: freshwater.

balteatus, Cyprinus Milbert [J.-G.] in Heckel 1843:1041 [51] [Ichthyologie [von Syrien]. In Russegger v. 1 (pt 2); ref. 2066] On p. 51 of separate [ref. 2067]. Not available, name only; also preoccupied. Nomen Nudum. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae.

baluchiorum, Scaphiodon Jenkins [J. T.] 1910:124, Pl. 6 (fig. 1) [Records of the Indian Museum (Calcutta) v. 5 (pt 2) (art. 12); ref. 14478] Gishtigan (Bampusht), Baluchistan, elevation 3500 feet. Syntypes: ZSI F9398-9400 (3). Type catalog: Menon & Yazdani 1968:116 [ref. 20743]. •Mention under Cyprinion microphthalmum (Day 1880) -- (Talwar & Jhingran 1991:180 [ref. 20764]). •Synonym of Cyprinion microphthalmum (Day 1880) -- (Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:870 [ref. 34062], Esmaeili et al. 2015:120 [ref. 35030]). •Synonym of Cyprinion watsoni (Day 1872) -- (Bianco & Bănărescu 1982:84 [ref. 8508], Coad 1995:16 [ref. 23608], Coad 1996:4 [ref. 23831], Esmaeili et al. 2010:369 [ref. 33391], Esmaeili et al. 2017:45 [ref. 35254], Esmaeili et al. 2018:26 [ref. 36089], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:68 [ref. 37983], Çiçek et al. 2024:144 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinion watsoni (Day 1872). Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Habitat: freshwater.

bamaensis, Crossocheilus Fang [P.-S.] in Zheng 1981:101, Fig. 79 [Freshwater fishes of Guangxi Province 1981; ref. 23151] Panyang River (Hong-shui River), Bama County, Guangxi Province, China. Holotype: ASZIB [now NZMC] 60270 [ex 743114]. Paratypes: (137) 74611, 76003-76113, 741843, 743112, 743115-743138, deposited in ASIZB [now NZMC] 60271, Acad. Sin. Res. Inst. Aquat. Biol., and Fish. Res. Inst., Guangxi Zhuangzu Autonomous Region. Type catalog: Zhang 1996:499 [ref. 24036], Ye et al. 2015:20 [ref. 33808]. Author is S.-M. Fang. •Valid as Crossocheilus bamaensis Fang 1981 -- (Zheng et al. 1989:207 [ref. 21202]). •Valid as Sinocrossocheilus bamaensis (Fang 1981) -- (Su et al. 2000:217 [ref. 25281], Su et al. 2003:426 [ref. 26953], Romero et al. 2009 [ref. 30522], Zhao et al. 2011:1550 [ref. 31493], Ma & Zhao 2012:109 [ref. 34891], Ye et al. 2015:20 [ref. 33808]). •Valid as Pseudocrossocheilus bamaensis (Fang 1981) -- (Zhu 1995:67 [ref. 25213], Zhang & Chen 1997:324 [ref. 23731], Zhang et al. in Yue 2000:218 [ref. 25272], Yuan et al. 2008:45 [ref. 29667], Zhang et al. 2016:114 [ref. 34477]). Current status: Valid as Pseudocrossocheilus bamaensis (Fang 1981). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: East Asia: Guangxi (China). IUCN (2024): Least Concern. Habitat: freshwater.

bamen, Cophecheilus Zhu [Y.], Zhang [E], Zhang [M.] & Han [Y.-Q.] 2011:43, Figs. 2a, 3, 4 [Zootaxa No. 2881; ref. 31305] A tributary flowing into Zho-Jiang of Zhu-Jiang (Pearl River) drainage, Jingxi County, Guangxi Province, China. Holotype: IHB 20008000009. Paratypes: IHB 2000800010-17 (8). •Valid as Cophecheilus bamen Zhu, Zhang, Zhang & Han 2011 -- (He et al. 2015:301 [ref. 33757], Zhang et al. 2016:108 [ref. 34477]). Current status: Valid as Cophecheilus bamen Zhu, Zhang, Zhang & Han 2011. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: East Asia: Zuo River, Pearl River drainage, Guangxi Province (China). IUCN (2024): Least Concern. Habitat: freshwater.

bampurensis, Barbus Nikolskii [A. M.] 1900:410 [36] [Ezhegodnik, Zoologicheskago Muzeya Imperatorskoi Akademii Nauk v. 4; ref. 14731] Bampur, Iran. Syntypes: ZIN 11715 (5). On p. 36 of separate. •Synonym of Cyprinion watsoni (Day 1872) -- (Coad 1996:4 [ref. 23831]). •Synonym of Cyprinion milesi (Day 1880) -- (Coad 1995:16 [ref. 23608], Esmaeili et al. 2010:369 [ref. 33391], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:870 [ref. 34062], Esmaeili et al. 2015:120 [ref. 35030], Esmaeili et al. 2017:44 [ref. 35254], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:65 [ref. 37983], Çiçek et al. 2024:142 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinion milesi (Day 1880). Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Habitat: freshwater.

banarescui, Capoeta Turan [D.], Kottelat [M.], Ekmekçi [F. G.] & Imamoğlu [H. O.] 2006:427, Fig. 5 [Revue Suisse de Zoologie v. 113 (no. 2); ref. 28752] Çoruh drainage, stream Tortum, 100 kilometers north of Erzurum 40°34'N, 41°36'E, Tortum District, Artvin, Turkey. Holotype: ESFM-PISI/2004-072. Paratypes: CMK 18474 (5), 18540 (9), 18549 (1); ESFM-PISI/2004-073 (4); FFR 711 (9), 712 (16), 720 (3). Type catalog: Kaya et al. 2021:407 [ref. 38688]. •Synonym of Capoeta tinca (Heckel 1843) -- (Çiçek et al. 2018: 26 [ref. 36267]). •Valid as Capoeta banarescui Turan, Kottelat, Ekmekçi & Imamoğlu 2006 -- (Fricke et al. 2007:34 [ref. 29533], Özuluğ & Freyhof 2008:293 [ref. 29981], Bektaş et al. 2011:65 [ref. 31470], Bayçelebi et al. 2015:790 [ref. 41410], Levin et al. 2012:544 [ref. 33912] as cf. banarescui, Çiçek et al. 2015:143 [ref. 35151], Zareian et al. 2016:72 [ref. 34282], Elp et al. 2018:103 [ref. 35851], Çiçek et al. 2020:247 [ref. 37644], Kuljanishvili et al. 2020:[4] [ref. 37535], Roman et al. 2022:129 [ref. 39295], Çiçek et al. 2023:368 [ref. 40625], Çiçek et al. 2024:154 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Capoeta banarescui Turan, Kottelat, Ekmekçi & Imamoğlu 2006. Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Distribution: Eurasia: Çoruh River drainage (Turkey and Georgia). Habitat: freshwater.

bandanensis, Scaphognathops Boonyaratpalin [S.] & Srirungroj [M.] 1971:23 [ ref. 22773] Ubon Ratchathani Province. Mool River [Mun] at Bandan, Thailand. Holotype: NIFI. Reference not seen. •Valid as Scaphognathops bandanensis Boonyaratpalin & Srirungroj 1971 -- (Rainboth 1996:100 [ref. 22772], Doi 1997:13 [ref. 22832], Kottelat 1998:56 [ref. 23436], Kottelat 2001:79 [ref. 25780], Kottelat 2013:159 [ref. 32989], Kottelat 2015:43 [ref. 33971], Taki et al. 2021:114 [ref. 39830]). Current status: Valid as Scaphognathops bandanensis Boonyaratpalin & Srirungroj 1971. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Mekong River basin, Laos, Thailand and Cambodia. Habitat: freshwater.

bandula, Puntius Kottelat [M.] & Pethiyagoda [R.] 1991:299, Figs. 1-3 [Freshwater fishes of Sri Lanka; ref. 16752] Near Galapitamada, 7°10'N, 80°15'E, Minimaru Coloniya, Kegalle District, Sri Lanka. Holotype: ZSM 27965 [now ZRC 38483]. Paratypes: CMK 7145 (5), 7146 (7). Type catalog: Neumann 2011:255 [ref. 31652]. The holotype is still at ZRC. •Valid as Puntius bandula Kottelat & Pethiyagoda 1991 -- (Kullander & Fang 2005:297 [ref. 28193], Silva et al. 2008:62 [ref. 29719], Kullander & Britz 2008:61 [ref. 29861], Meegaskumbura et al. 2008:150 [ref. 29872]). •Valid as Pethia bandula (Kottelat & Pethiyagoda 1991) -- (Pethiyagoda et al. 2012:81 [ref. 32071], Katwate et al. 2014:244 [ref. 33433], Katwate et al. 2014:213 [ref. 33571], Batuwita et al. 2015:580 [ref. 33714], Ren et al. 2020:[5] [ref. 37805], Sudasinghe et al. 2021:[3] [ref. 38791]). Current status: Valid as Pethia bandula (Kottelat & Pethiyagoda 1991). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: South Asia: southwestern Sri Lanka. Habitat: freshwater.

bangana, Cyprinus Hamilton [F.] in McClelland 1839:220 [Asiatic Researches v. 19 (pt 2); ref. 2923] Not available, name only. Nomen Nudum. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae.

bangon, Cyprinus Hamilton [F.] in McClelland 1839:277, Pl. 58 (fig. 2) [Asiatic Researches v. 19 (pt 2); ref. 2923] No locality. No types known. Name available by reference to plate. •Synonym of Cirrhinus ariza (Hamilton 1807) -- (Roberts 1997:183 [ref. 23550]). •Synonym of Gymnostomus ariza (Hamilton 1807). Current status: Synonym of Gymnostomus ariza (Hamilton 1807). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater.

bangongensis, Schizopygopsis stoliczkae Wu [Y.-F.] & Zhu [S.-Q.] 1979:23, Figs. 6 (a-e) [Fishes of Ali, Tibet 1979; ref. 8391] Ban-Gong Lake and Yi-ya-ke River, Tibet, China. Syntypes: (78) 747004, 747037-49, 747051-59, 747066, 747068-69, 747073, 747075, 747077-78, 747080, 747083, 747085, 747087, 747089-90, 747092-94, 747114-117, 747119, 747121-122, 747126-127, 747130-133, 747137-140, 747142, 747145-146, 747149-154, 747156-157, 747159-170. •Synonym of Schizopygopsis stoliczkae [should be stolickai] Steindachner 1866, but a valid subspecies as described -- (Wu & Wu 1992:499 [ref. 21205], Chen & Cao et al. in Yue 2000:373 [ref. 25272], Zhang et al. 2016:120 [ref. 34477]). •Valid as Schizopygopsis bangongensis Wu & Zhu 1979 -- (Tang et al. 2019:13 [ref. 36511]). Current status: Valid as Schizopygopsis bangongensis Wu & Zhu 1979. Cyprinidae: Schizopygopsinae. Distribution: East Asia: Tibet (China). IUCN (2024): Not Assessed. Habitat: freshwater.

bangwelensis, Barbus Boulenger [G. A.] 1905:643 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 16 (no. 96) (art. 72); ref. 15342] Lake Bangwelo [Bangweolo, Bangwelu], Zambia. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1905.11.10.6. As banguelensis in Boulenger 1911:151 [ref. 579]. •Synonym of Barbus radiatus Peters 1853 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:284 [ref. 6186], Seegers 1996:143 [ref. 23725], Van Steenberge et al. 2014:333 [ref. 33291] as 'Barbus'). •Synonym of Enteromius radiatus (Peters 1853) -- (Hayes & Armbruster 2017:355 [ref. 35417]). Current status: Synonym of Enteromius radiatus (Peters 1853). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Habitat: freshwater.

banksi, Puntius binotatus Herre [A. W. C. T.] 1940:31 [Bulletin of the Raffles Museum No. 16; ref. 11006] 18 miles east of Kuching, Sarawak state, Borneo, East Malaysia. Lectotype: CAS-SU 33900. Paralectotypes: CAS-SU 33903 (21), ZRC 349 (20). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:37 [ref. 12291], Alfred 1970:71 [ref. 23931]. Lectotype selected by Böhlke 1953:37 [ref. 12291]. •Synonym of Puntius binotatus (Valenciennes 1842) -- (Roberts 1989:61 [ref. 6439]). •Valid as Systomus banksi (Herre 1940) -- (Ng & Tan 1999:355 [ref. 24159], Parenti & Lim 2005:185 [ref. 28285]). •Valid as Puntius banksi Herre 1940 -- (Kottelat & Lim 1996:232 [ref. 23210], Doi 1997:11 [ref. 22832], Tan & Lim 2004:109 [ref. 27716], Rachmatika 2004:184 [ref. 28450], Grinang & Lim 2004:288 [ref. 28551], Kottelat & Widjanarti 2005:153 [ref. 28284]). •Valid as Barbodes banksi (Herre 1840) -- (Kottelat 2013:77 [ref. 32989], Sulaiman et al. 2018:26 [ref. 35802], Ng et al. 2019:521 [ref. 36606], Ren et al. 2020:[6] [ref. 37805], Sobri et al. 2021:[3] 658 [ref. 38823], Tan & Husana 2021:319 [ref. 38614], Kottelat & Lim 2021:530 [ref. 38873], Jamaluddin et al. 2022:[5] [ref. 39245]). Current status: Valid as Barbodes banksi (Herre 1940). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Borneo (Sarawak and Indonesia). Habitat: freshwater.

banmo, Hongshuia Zhang [E], Qiang [X.] & Lan [J.-H.] 2008:40, Figs. 2B, 3B, 4B [Zootaxa No. 1682; ref. 29452] Hongshui He at Banmo village, Tian's County, about 25°01'N, 107°10'E, Pearl River drainage, Guangxi Province, China. Holotype: IHASW 200410806. •Valid as Hongshuia banmo Zhang, Qiang & Lan 2008 -- (Zhang et al. 2016:112 [ref. 34477]). •Synonym of Hongshuia megalophthalmus (Chen, Yang & Cui 2006) -- (Zeng et al. 2022:9 [ref. 39775]). Current status: Synonym of Hongshuia megalophthalmus (Chen, Yang & Cui 2006). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater.

bannaensis, Sinocyclocheilus Li [W.-X.], Li [C.-Q.] & Chen [H.-Y.] 2019:61, Fig. 1 [Journal of Jishou University (Natural Science Edition) v. 40 (no. 1); ref. 36488] Luosuojiang, Nanban River drainage, Xishuangbanna prefecture, Yunnan Province, China, 21°55'N, 101°14'E [incorrectly given in article]. Holotype (unique): HRA 84050508. Also seen as Bannaensis. •Valid as Sinocyclocheilus bannaensis Li, Li & Chen 2019 -- (Zhao et al. 2021:384 [ref. 39337]). Current status: Valid as Sinocyclocheilus bannaensis Li, Li & Chen 2019. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Nanban River drainage, upper Mekong River basin, Yunnan (China). IUCN (2024): Not Assessed. Habitat: freshwater.

bantamensis, Barbus Rendahl [H.] 1920:1, Fig. 1 [Arkiv för Zoologi v. 12 (no. 16); ref. 15255] Ban Tam, Maeping River, eastern foothills of Doi Chieng Dao, northwestern Thailand. Holotype (unique): NHRM 10969. Type catalog: Monkolprasit 1969:3 [ref. 25088]. •Valid as Acrossocheilus bantamensis (Rendahl 1920) -- (Datta & Karmakar 1984:170 [ref. 8167]). •Valid as Poropuntius bantamensis (Rendahl 1920) -- (Doi 1997:10 [ref. 22832], Roberts 1998:113 [ref. 23549], Kottelat 2013:143 [ref. 32989]). •Synonym of Poropuntius laoensis (Günther 1868) -- (Rainboth 1996: [ref. 22772], Hoang et al. 2024:211 [ref. 41179]). Current status: Synonym of Poropuntius laoensis (Günther 1868). Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater.

banthangensis, Garroides Nguyen [V. H.] & Vu [T. H. N.] 2014:175, Fig. [Science and Technology journal of Agriculture & Rural Development (Nông Nghiêp & Phát Triên Nông Thôn) 2014 (no. 3-4); ref. 36457] Lo Gam River system, Ban Thang commune, Quan Ba district, Ha Giang province, Vietnam. Holotype: RIAH HG.06.03.001. Paratypes: RIAH. •Valid as Garroides banthangensis Nguyen & Vu 2014. Current status: Valid as Garroides banthangensis Nguyen & Vu 2014. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Lo Gam River system, Ha Giang province, Vietnam. Habitat: freshwater.

bantolanensis, Barbus Day [A. L.] 1914:188, Pl. 1 (figs. 1-2) [Philippine Journal of Science v. 9 (Sect. D, no. 2); ref. 12407] Lake Manguao near Taytay, northern Palawan Island, Philippines. Holotype: CAS-SU 29823. Paratypes: FMNH 47122 (12), CAS-SU 69674 (5 or 4). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:30 [ref. 12291]. Kottelat 2013:79 [ref. 32989] gives precedence to manguaoensis over bantolanensis. •Synonym of Barbodes manguaoensis (Day 1914) -- (Kottelat 2013:79 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Barbodes manguaoensis (Day 1914). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Habitat: freshwater.

baolacensis, Acrossocheilus Nguyen [V. H.] in Nguyen & Ngô 2002:387, Fig. 189 [Freshwater fishes of Viet Nam. Volume I. Family Cyprinidae v. 1; ref. 28301] Nho Quê, Bao Lac, Cao Bàng, Viêt Nam. Holotype: VNCNTTS I: H.01.72.13.01. Paratypes: VNCNTTS I: H.01.72.13.02 (2). •Valid as Poropuntius baolacensis (Nguyen 2002) with question -- (Kottelat 2013:143 [ref. 32989]). •Synonym of Poropuntius alloiopleurus (Vaillant 1893) -- (Hoang et al. 2024:209 [ref. 41179]). Current status: Synonym of Poropuntius alloiopleurus (Vaillant 1893). Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater.

baoshanensis, Barbodes Chen [X.-Y.] & Yang [J.-X.] in Chen, Yang & Chen 1999:85, Fig. 3 [Zoological Studies v. 38 (no. 1); ref. 23883] Baoshan, Yunnan Province, China. Holotype: KIZ 839345. Paratypes: KIZ 799347 (1), 6411006 (1), 8310188 (1). Type catalog: Du et al. 2013:348 [ref. 32939]. •Valid as Barbodes baoshanensis Chen & Yang 1999. •Valid as Neolissochilus baoshanensis (Chen & Yang 1999) -- (Zhang & Fang 2005:61 [ref. 28089], Kottelat 2013:126 [ref. 32989], Zhang et al. 2016:91 [ref. 34477]). Current status: Valid as Neolissochilus baoshanensis (Chen & Yang 1999). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Distribution: East Asia: Yunnan (China). IUCN (2012): Data Deficient. Habitat: freshwater.

baoulan, Barbodes Herre [A. W. C. T.] 1926:499, Pl. 1 [Philippine Journal of Science v. 29 (no. 4); ref. 10952] Lake Lanao, Mindanao, Philippines. Syntypes: (9) BSMP (8?) presumed destroyed, CAS-SU 24469 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:30 [ref. 12291]. •Valid as Barbodes baoulan Herre 1926 -- (Kottelat 2013:77 [ref. 32989], Jamandre 2023:164 [ref. 40455]). Current status: Valid as Barbodes baoulan Herre 1926. Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Lake Lanao (Philippines) endemic. Habitat: freshwater.

baoxingensis, Schizopygopsis malacanthus Fu [T.-Y.], Ding [R.-H.] & Ye [M.-R.] in Ding 1994:399 [English p. 611], Fig. 307 [The fishes of Sichuan, China; ref. 21531] Raoji, upper Qing Yin Jiang, Baoxing County, Sichuan, China, elevation 2180 meters. Holotype: Mus. Sichuan Inst. Nat. Res. 900027. Paratypes: (54) IHASW 900010; Mus. Sichuan Inst. Nat. Res. 6-0370, 6-1452, 90004-26, 900028, 900021 (1, allotype); Sichuan Agric. Univ. 6-0313 to 17, 6-0378, 6-0382. •Synonym of Schizopygopsis malacanthus Herzenstein 1891, but a valid subspecies as described -- (Zhang et al. 2016:120 [ref. 34477]). •Synonym of Schizopygopsis chengi (Fang 1936), but a valid subspecies as described -- (Guo 2021:452 [ref. 38617]). Current status: Synonym of Schizopygopsis chengi (Fang 1936). Cyprinidae: Schizopygopsinae. Habitat: freshwater.

barakae, Tor Arunkumar [L.] & Basudha [Ch.] 2003:272, Fig. 1 [Aquacult v. 4 (no. 2); ref. 28839] Barak River at Barak Bridge, Manipur, India. Holotype: IBSD 01. Paratypes: IBSD 04 (4). •Synonym of Tor tor (Hamilton 1822) -- (Kottelat 2013:169 [ref. 32989] with question). •Valid as Tor barakae Arunkumar & Basudha 2003 -- (Laskar et al. 2018:[8] [ref. 35834], Pinder et al. 2019:[3] [ref. 36696], Jaafar et al. 2021:3 [ref. 38256]). Current status: Valid as Tor barakae Arunkumar & Basudha 2003. Cyprinidae: Torinae. Distribution: South Asia: Barak River drainage (Manipur, India) endemic. Habitat: freshwater.

barbatula, Rohita Sauvage [H.-E.] 1878:239 [7] [Bulletin de la Société philomathique de Paris (7th Série) v. 2; ref. 3879] Mekong upstream of Phnom-Penh. [Phnokm-Penh], Cambodia. Holotype: MNHN 0000-9641. Non-types: MNHN A-2400 (1) Laos, 4452 (1). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:18 [ref. 19574] with holotype and paratypes. •Valid as Labeo barbatulus (Sauvage 1878) -- (Kottelat 2001:57 [ref. 25780], Kottelat 2013:115 [ref. 32989]). •Synonym of Labeo chrysophekadion (Bleeker 1849) -- (Kottelat 1984:806 [ref. 11440], Karnasuta 1993: [ref. 20700], Taki et al. 2021:171 [ref. 39830]). Current status: Synonym of Labeo chrysophekadion (Bleeker 1849). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater.

barbatulus, Gymnostomus Pellegrin [J.] 1908:263 [Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Série 1) v. 14 (no. 6); ref. 14392] Lake Candidius, Taiwan. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1908-0169. Type catalog: Ho & Shao 2011:28 [ref. 31432]. •Valid as Onychostoma barbatula (Pellegrin 1908) -- (Shan et al. in Yue 2000:130 [ref. 25272], Zhang et al. 2016:92 [ref. 34477]). •Valid as Varicorhinus barbatulus (Pellegrin 1908) -- (Wu et al. 1977:302 [ref. 4807], Zheng et al. 1989:188 [ref. 21202], Chen et al. in Pan et al. 1991:158 [ref. 23876], Zhu 1995:60 [ref. 25213], Wang et al. 2004:1143 [ref. 27757], Ho & Shao 2011:28 [ref. 31432]). •Valid as Scaphesthes barbatulus (Pellegrin 1908) -- (Ho & Shao 2011: 30 [ref. 31432]). •Valid as Onychostoma barbatulum (Pellegrin 1908) -- (Xin et al. 2009:261 [ref. 30708], Jang-Liaw & Chen 2013:63 [ref. 32417], Kottelat 2013:129 [ref. 32989], Hoang et al. 2015:123 [ref. 33811], Song et al. 2018:161 [ref. 35890]). Current status: Valid as Onychostoma barbatulum (Pellegrin 1908). Cyprinidae: Acrossocheilinae. Distribution: East Asia: southern China and Taiwan. IUCN (2011): Data Deficient. Habitat: freshwater.

barbatulus, Tylognathus Heckel [J. J.] 1844:376, Fig. [Fische Kaschmir's; ref. 18255] Kashmir. Syntypes: NMW 48820 (6). •Synonym of Crossocheilus latius (Hamilton 1822) -- (Coad 1981:10 [ref. 22348]). •Synonym of Crossocheilus diplochilus (Heckel 1838) -- (Kullander et al. 1999:133 [ref. 23689]). •Synonym of Crossocheilus latius (Hamilton 1822) subspecies diplochilus (Heckel 1838) -- (Menon 1999:141 [ref. 24904] as diplocheilus). •Synonym of Tariqilabeo diplochilus (Heckel 1838) -- (Esmaeili et al. 2017:59 [ref. 35254], Esmaeili et al. 2018:39 [ref. 36089], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:95 [ref. 37983] as diplocheilus, Çiçek et al. 2024:181 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Tariqilabeo diplochilus (Heckel 1838). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater.

barbatus, Cyprinus (Cyprinus) pellegrini Chen [H.-L.] & Huang [H.-Q.] 1977:423, Fig. 8-19 [The cyprinid fishes of China v. 2; ref. 8497] Erh Hai, Yunnan Province, China. Syntypes: KIZ 646635-38 (1 ea.), 646640-41 (1, 1), 646710-13 (1 ea.), 646717-21 (1 ea.), 646726-27 (1, 1), 646729 (1), 646731-32 (1, 1), 646734 (1). •Valid as Cyprinus barbatus Chen & Huang 1977 -- (Zhou in Chu & Chen 1989:335 [ref. 13584], Zheng et al. 1989:235 [ref. 21202], Zhu 1995:98 [ref. 25213], Chen in Chen 1998:256 [ref. 23556], Luo & Yue in Yue 2000:419 [ref. 25272], Kottelat 2013:94 [ref. 32989], Zhang et al. 2016:84 [ref. 34477]). Current status: Valid as Cyprinus barbatus Chen & Huang 1977. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: East Asia: Erhai Lake and Yilong Lake, Yunnan (hina). IUCN (2011): Critically Endangered. Habitat: freshwater.

barbatus, Gymnostomus Lin [S.-Y.] 1931:113 [Carps and carp-like fishes; ref. 4019] Yaoshan, Kwangsi and southern Hunan, China. Lectotype: whereabouts unknown. Genus originally misspelled Gymnosfomus. Lectotype selected by Lin 1933:201. •Valid as Varicorhinus barbatus (Lin 1931) -- (Wu et al. 1977:302 [ref. 4807], Zheng et al. 1989:187 [ref. 21202], Chen et al. in Pan et al. 1991:157 [ref. 23876], Zhu 1995:60 [ref. 25213]). •Valid as Scaphesthes barbatus (Lin 1931) -- (Ding 1994:330 [ref. 21531], Tang et al. 2001:13 [ref. 25373]). •Valid as Onychostoma barbata (Lin 1931) -- (Bănărescu 1971:363 [ref. 20619], Shan et al. in Yue 2000:129 [ref. 25272], Zhang et al. 2016:92 [ref. 34477]). •Valid as Onychostoma barbatum (Lin 1931) -- (Xin et al. 2009:261 [ref. 30708], Kottelat 2013:129 [ref. 32989], Song et al. 2018:161 [ref. 35890]). Current status: Valid as Onychostoma barbatum (Lin 1931). Cyprinidae: Acrossocheilinae. Distribution: China. Habitat: freshwater.

barbatus, Labeo Boulenger [G. A.] 1898:36, Pl. 19 (fig. 2) [Annales du Musee du Congo (Ser. Zoologie) v. 1 (fasc. 2); ref. 4864] Boma, Lower Congo River, Democratic Republic of Congo, 5°50'S, 13°03'E [5°06'S, 23°13'E]. Lectotype: BMNH 1898.12.28.7. Paralectotypes: MRAC 37 (1) Matadi, 59 (1) Matadi, 93 (1) Manyanga. Lectotype selected by Reid 1985:174 [ref. 19189]. Type and locality information: Tshibwabwa & Teugels 1995:1559 [ref. 27895]. •Valid as Labeo barbatus Boulenger 1898 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:306 [ref. 6186], Reid 1985:172 [ref. 19189], Tshibwabwa 1997:353 [ref. 24617], Tshibwabwa et al. 2006:33 [ref. 28698], van Steenberge et al. 2016:3 [ref. 34374]). Current status: Valid as Labeo barbatus Boulenger 1898. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Central Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

barbatus, Schizothorax McClelland [J.] & Griffith [W.] in McClelland 1842:580 [Calcutta Journal of Natural History v. 2 (no. 8); ref. 2926] Kabul River at Jalalabad, Afghanistan. Syntypes: (3) BMNH 1843.2.25.69 (1, dry skin). •Valid as Schizothorax barbatus McClelland 1842 -- (Coad 1981:12 [ref. 22348]). •Questionably a synonym of Schizothorax esocinus Heckel 1838 -- (Kullander et al. 1999:127 [ref. 23689]). Current status: Uncertain as Schizothorax esocinus Heckel 1838. Cyprinidae: Schizothoracinae. Distribution: Afghanistan. Habitat: freshwater.

barbatus, Schizothorax intermedius kessleri natio Turdakov [F. A.] 1968:41 [Kyrgyz SSR Ilimder Akademijasynyn kabarlary = Izvestia Akademii Nauk Kirgizskoj SSR. Serija biologiceskich nauk. 1968; ref. 7928] Not available, infrasubspecific; from rivers in Alay Valley, Uzbekistan. •Questionably synonym of Schizothorax esocinus Heckel 1838 -- (Çiçek et al. 2023:52 [ref. 40326]). Infrasubspecific. Current status: Uncertain as Schizothorax esocinus Heckel 1838. Cyprinidae: Schizothoracinae. Habitat: freshwater.

barbatus, Systomus McClelland [J.] 1842:573 [Calcutta Journal of Natural History v. 2 (no. 8); ref. 2926] Name only in list of new taxa, no included description. Nomen Nudum. Cyprinidae.

barbo, Ciprinus Nardo [G. D.] 1824:259 [Giornale di fisica, chimica e storia naturale, medicina, ed arti. (series 2) v. 7; ref. 3144] Adriatic Sea (Mediterranean Sea). No types known. Not accompanied by "nob." or "nobis" as in other new species proposals in this work. Treated as Cyprinus barbio by Nardo 1827:34 [ref. 3146]. Perhaps intended for Cyprinus barbus Linnaeus 1758 as used in Nardo 1827:col. 482 [ref. 19740]. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae.

barbodon, Barbus Nichols [J. T.] & Pope [C. H.] 1927:345, Fig. 16 [Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History v. 54 (art. 2); ref. 5747] Nodoa, Hainan Island, China. Holotype: AMNH 8368. Paratypes: AMNH 10697 (2). •Questionably a synonym of Acrossocheilus iridescens (Nichols & Pope 1927) -- (Wu et al. 1977:289 [ref. 4807], Kottelat 2013:71 [ref. 32989]). •Synonym of Acrossocheilus iridescens (Nichols & Pope 1927) subspecies iridescens (Nichols & Pope 1927) -- (Jin in Kuang et al. 1986:117 [ref. 26639]). Current status: Synonym of Acrossocheilus iridescens (Nichols & Pope 1927). Cyprinidae: Acrossocheilinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

barbouri, Barbus Fowler [H. W.] 1924:83, Fig. 5 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 76; ref. 15446] Probably Himalayas, India. Holotype (unique): MCZ 18653. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater.

barbulus, Barbus Heckel [J. J.] 1847:256 [Reisen in Europa, Asien und Africa v. 2 (pt 3); ref. 2068] Kara Agatsch River [Qarah Aqaj River] near Geré [Jereh], Iran, 29°15'N, 51°58'E; Kueik River at Aleppo, Syria. Syntypes: NMW 6596 (1). Discussion of type locality see Valiallahi 2020:60 [ref. 38919]. •Probably a synonym of Barbus pectoralis Heckel 1847 -- (Coad 1991:14 [ref. 15702], Coad 1995:11, 13 [ref. 23608]). •Valid as Barbus barbulus Heckel 1847 [also seen as 1849 and 1843] -- (Coad 1996:71 [ref. 25297], Coad 1998:102 [ref. 23869], Fricke et al. 2007:32 [ref. 29533], Coad 2010:106 [ref. 36620]). •Valid as Luciobarbus barbulus (Heckel 1847) -- (Esmaeili et al. 2010:370 [ref. 33391] dated 1849, Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:874 [ref. 34062], Çiçek et al. 2015:144 [ref. 35151], Esmaeili et al. 2017:51 [ref. 35254], Khaefi et al. 2017:836 [ref. 40256], Esmaeili et al. 2018:31 [ref. 36089], Çiçek et al. 2020:247 [ref. 37644], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:80 [ref. 37983], Valiallahi 2020:59 [ref. 38919], Al-Faisal et al. 2022:1401 [ref. 39565], Çiçek et al. 2023:16 [ref. 40616], Çiçek et al. 2023:371 [ref. 40625], Saad et al. 2023:21 [ref. 40501], Çiçek et al. 2024:166 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Luciobarbus barbulus (Heckel 1847). Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Distribution: Asia Minor and Middle East: Euphrates and Tigris river basins (Turkey, Syria, Iraq, Iran); Zoreh, Mond and Kol river basins (Iran). Habitat: freshwater.

barbus, Cyprinus Linnaeus [C.] 1758:320 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Europe. Lectotype: BMNH 1853.11.12.144 (skin). Paralectotypes: NRM 8052 (1), 8055 (1). Type catalog: Wheeler 1958:212 [ref. 13434], Fernholm & Wheeler 1983:217-218 [ref. 20707]. The Gronovius specimen in the British Museum has been suggested as the putative lectotype by Fernholm & Wheeler 1983:218 [ref. 20707]; that specimen designated lectotype by Kottelat 1997:47 [ref. 22952]. •Valid as Barbus barbus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Berg 1949:687 [ref. 20661], Lelek 1987:156 [ref. 22962], Berrebi & Cattaneo-Berrebi 1993:319 [ref. 38654], Bianco 1995:307 [ref. 21944], Reshetnikov et al. 1997:735 [ref. 24702], Bogutskaya 1998:87 [ref. 23589], Bianco 1998:127 [ref. 23811], Briolay et al. 1998:101 [ref. 25586], Tsigenopoulos & Berrebi 2000:174 [ref. 25489], Bianco & Ketmaier 2001:194 [ref. 26728], Kotlík et al. 2002:237 [ref. 26484], Ryabov 2002:794 [ref. 26575], Bănărescu et al. in Bănărescu & Bogutskaya 2003:43 [ref. 27353], Hanel 2003:51 [ref. 27894], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:46 [ref. 28183], Vassilev & Pehlivanov 2005:167 [ref. 28369], Hanel & Lusk 2005:233 [ref. 28804], Kottelat 2006:87 [ref. 28831], Fricke 2007:28 [ref. 30577], Fricke et al. 2007:32 [ref. 29533], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:119 [ref. 29996], Kottelat 2013:110 [ref. 32989], Levin et al. 2012:544 [ref. 33912], Parin et al. 2014:70 [ref. 33547], Buonerba et al. 2015:115 [ref. 35178], Turan et al. 2018:554 [ref. 36092], Ćaleta et al. 2019:151 [ref. 37026], Lorenzoni et al. 2019:251 [ref. 37108], Dyldin et al. 2020:105 [ref. 37569], Rossi et al. 2021:6 [ref. 38697], Dyldin et al. 2023:[10] [ref. 40328], Nagy et al. 2023:356 [ref. 40348]). Current status: Valid as Barbus barbus (Linnaeus 1758). Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Distribution: Widespread in Europe, east to Ukraine; introduced in Italy. Hybridizes with Barbus meridionalis Risso 1827. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

barilioides, Barbus Boulenger [G. A.] 1914:385 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 8) v. 14 (no. 83); ref. 14146] Solwezi River, tributary of Chifulowa River, [northern Rhodesia] Zambia. Syntypes: BMNH 1914.9.21.10-11 (2). •Synonym of Barbus fasciolatus Günther 1868 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:244 [ref. 6186]). •Synonym of Enteromius fasciolatus (Günther 1868) -- (Hayes & Armbruster 2017:352 [ref. 35417]). Current status: Synonym of Enteromius fasciolatus (Günther 1868). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Habitat: freshwater.

barnardi, Barbus Jubb [R. A.] 1965:41 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 13) v. 8 (no. 85); ref. 19233] Mwekera Fish Farm about 8 miles above confluence of Mwekera and Kafue rivers, South Africa. Holotype: AMG P1055. Paratypes: AMG P1056-1071 (orig. 16, now 13). Type catalog: Skelton & Stuart 1987:181 [ref. 12628]. •Valid as Barbus barnardi Jubb 1965 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:229 [ref. 6186], Skelton 1993:145 [ref. 24071], Skelton 2001:145 [ref. 27406], Marshall 2011:86 [ref. 31755]). •Valid as Enteromius barnardi (Jubb 1965) -- (Yang et al. 2015:112 [ref. 33694], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:351 [ref. 35417], Bruton et al. 2018:43 [ref. 36373], Skelton 2019:231 [ref. 36564]). Current status: Valid as Enteromius barnardi (Jubb 1965). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Southern Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

barotseensis, Barbus radiatus var. Pellegrin [J.] 1920:149 [Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France v. 45 (no. 3/7); ref. 15249] Zambezi River, Léalui, Zambia. Syntypes: MNHN 1920-0079 (8). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:35 [ref. 19574]. •Valid as Barbus barotseensis Pellegrin 1920 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:229 [ref. 6186], Skelton 1993:137 [ref. 24071], Skelton 2001:137 [ref. 27406], Marshall 2011:81 [ref. 31755]). •Valid as Enteromius barotseensis (Pellegrin 1920) -- (Yang et al. 2015:112 [ref. 33694], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:351 [ref. 35417], Bruton et al. 2018:44 [ref. 36373], Mamonekene et al. 2018:11 [ref. 36400], Skelton 2019:231 [ref. 36564]). Current status: Valid as Enteromius barotseensis (Pellegrin 1920). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Central and southern Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

barreimiae, Garra Fowler [H. W.] & Steinitz [H.] 1956:262, Figs. 1-4 [Bulletin of the Research Council of Israel v. 5B (no. 3-4); ref. 1478] Buraimi, Oman. Holotype: ANSP 72129 (missing). Paratypes: ANSP 72133-34 (2); HUJ 2085/1 (1), HUJ [ex ANSP 72130-32] (3, missing); ZSI F2285/2 (2). Type catalog: Menon & Yazdani 1968:109 [ref. 20743], Böhlke 1984:69 [ref. 13621], Golani 2006:22 [ref. 28840]. •Valid as Garra barreimiae Fowler & Steinitz 1956 -- (Banister & Clarke 1977:132 [ref. 7232], Alkahem & Behnke 1983:562 [ref. 8384], Krupp 1983:592 [ref. 8320], Krupp 1988:403 [ref. 13859] with subspecies, Romero & Paulson 2001:17 [ref. 26040], Proudlove 2006:66 [ref. 28992], Krupp & Budd 2009:120 [ref. 30148], Hamidan et al. 2014:234 [ref. 33626], Sayyadzadeh et al. 2015:77 [ref. 34042], Mousavi-Sabet & Eagderi 2016:45 [ref. 34341], Lyon et al. 2016:87 [ref. 34670], Pichler et al. 2018:1054 [ref. 35892], Kirchner et al. 2020:527 [ref. 37393], Freyhof et al. 2020:146 [ref. 37658], Esmaeili et al. 2022:464 [ref. 39253], Esmaeili & Hamidan 2023:208 [ref. 40377], Çiçek et al. 2024:113 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Garra barreimiae Fowler & Steinitz 1956. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Middle East: both flanks of the northern Hajar Mountains (Oman and United Arab Emirates). Habitat: freshwater.

barroisi, Capoeta Lortet [L.] in Barrois 1894:308 [Revue biologique du nord de la France. v. 6 (1893-1894); ref. 23598] Lake Homs, at Schoummarieh Village, Orontes drainage, Hims District, Syria; Antioche (Antakya, Turkey). No types known. Syntypes: (several) FMUL uncat. (several, probably lost), MHNL uncat. (1). •Valid as Capoeta barroisi Lortet 1894 -- (Coad 1991:15 [ref. 15702], Coad 1995:13 [ref. 23608], Coad 1996:71 [ref. 25297], Coad 1998:102 [ref. 23869], Turan et al. 2006:153 [ref. 28700], Fricke et al. 2007:34 [ref. 29533], Turan et al. 2008:266 [ref. 29989] with redefined range, Özuluğ & Freyhof 2008:293 [ref. 29981], Küçük et al. 2009:72 [ref. 30468], Coad 2010:149 [ref. 36620], Esmaeili et al. 2010:368 [ref. 33391], Levin et al. 2012:544 [ref. 33912], Çiçek et al. 2015:143 [ref. 35151], Zareian et al. 2016:139 [ref. 34227], Zareian et al. 2016:71 [ref. 34282], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2016:169 [ref. 34989], Turan et al. 2017:437 [ref. 35330], Elp et al. 2018:103 [ref. 35851], Bayçelebi 2020:752 [ref. 37964], Çiçek et al. 2020:247 [ref. 37644]). •Valid as Paracapoeta barroisi (Lortet 1894) -- (Turan et al. 2022:207 [ref. 39361], Çiçek et al. 2023:18 [ref. 40616], Çiçek et al. 2023:375 [ref. 40625], Saad et al. 2023:24 [ref. 40501], Çiçek et al. 2024:176 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Paracapoeta barroisi (Lortet 1894). Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Distribution: Asia Minor and Middle East: eastern Mediterranean watersheds, Tigris River and Gulf basins (Turkey, Syria, Iraq, Iran). Habitat: freshwater.

barryi, Barbus Daget [J.] 1962:79, Fig. 17 [Mémoires de l'Institut français d'Afrique Noire No. 65; ref. 5866] Konkouré, at bridge on road Kindia-Télimélé, Guinea. Syntypes: MNHN 1959-0529 (7). •Valid as Barbus barryi Daget 1962 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:229 [ref. 6186]). •Synonym of Barbus wurtzi Pellegrin 1908 -- (Lévêque et al. 1989:118 [ref. 26480], Lévêque in Lévêque et al. 1990:305 [ref. 21589]). •Synonym of Labeobarbus wurtzi (Pellegrin 1908) -- (Vreven et al. 2016:71 [ref. 34168]). Current status: Synonym of Labeobarbus wurtzi (Pellegrin 1908). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Habitat: freshwater.

basavarajai, Hypselobarbus Arunachalam [M.], Chinnaraja [S.] & Mayden [R. L.] 2016:154, Fig. 2B [FishTaxa v. 1 (no. 3); ref. 34986] Bhadra River at Bhadravathi, Karnataka, India, 13°83'N, 75°69'E. Holotype: ZSI/SRC F8756. Paratypes: CMA, MSUMNH. •Valid as Hypselobarbus basavarajai Arunachalam, Chinnaraja & Mayden 2016 -- (Plamoottil 2021:703 [ref. 39044], Plamoottil & Vineeth 2022:520 [ref. 39357]). Current status: Valid as Hypselobarbus basavarajai Arunachalam, Chinnaraja & Mayden 2016. Cyprinidae: Torinae. Distribution: South Asia: Bhadra River drainage, Karnataka, India. Habitat: freshwater.

baschakirdi, Barbus Holly [M.] 1929:62 [1] [Anzeiger der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse v. 66 (no. 7) (for 21 Feb. 1929); ref. 16087] Brook at Guadjik, southeastern Iran. Holotype (unique): NMW 13798. Type catalog: Bogutskaya et al. 2022:42 [ref. 39277]. On p. 1 of separate. •Synonym of Cyprinion watsoni (Day 1872) -- (Coad 1996:4 [ref. 23831]). •Synonym of Cyprinion milesi (Day 1880) -- (Talwar & Jhingran 1991:181 [ref. 20764], Coad 1995:16 [ref. 23608], Esmaeili et al. 2010:369 [ref. 33391], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:870 [ref. 34062], Esmaeili et al. 2015:120 [ref. 35030], Esmaeili et al. 2017:44 [ref. 35254], Çiçek et al. 2024:142 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinion milesi (Day 1880). Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Habitat: freshwater.

basimi, Caecocypris Banister [K. E.] & Bunni [M. K.] 1980:151, Figs. 1-5 [Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Zoology v. 38 (no. 3); ref. 175] Natural well in the Sheik Hadid sink hole, outskirts of Haditha, 34°04'N, 42°24'E, Al Anbar Province, Iraq, Euphrates River system. Holotype: BMNH 1979.8.3.1. Paratypes: BMNH 1979.8.3.2-3 (2), 1979.8.3.4-6 (3), 1979.8.3.7-9 (3). •Valid as Caecocypris basimi Banister & Bunni 1980 -- (Coad 1991:15 [ref. 15702], Coad 1995:13 [ref. 23608], Romero & Paulson 2001:17 [ref. 26040], Proudlove 2006:65 [ref. 28992], Coad 2010:145 [ref. 36620], Çiçek et al. 2023:15 [ref. 40616], Çiçek et al. 2024:152 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Caecocypris basimi Banister & Bunni 1980. Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Distribution: Middle east: Euphrates River system (Iraq) endemic. Habitat: freshwater.

bata, Cyprinus Hamilton [F.] 1822:283, 386 [An account of the fishes found in the river Ganges; ref. 2031] Rivers and ponds of Bengal, India. No types known. Tracing of unpublished drawing in Günther 1872:765. Hamilton's original, unpublished illustration reproduced by Britz 2019:Pl. 165 [ref. 37532]. •Possibly in the genus Bangana Hamilton 1822 -- (Kottelat 2017:494 [ref. 35262]). •Valid as Labeo bata (Hamilton 1822) -- (Ataur Rahman 1989:119 [ref. 24860], Talwar & Jhingran 1991:199 [ref. 20764], Sen 1995:506 [ref. 23778], Manimekalan 1998:434 [ref. 24989], Menon 1999:126 [ref. 24904], Rafique 2000:323 [ref. 25220], Jayaram & Dhas 2000:100 [ref. 25342], Karmakar 2000:28 [ref. 25662], Selim & Vishwanath 2001:292 [ref. 25885], Mirza 2003:7 [ref. 27265], Ataur Rahman 2003:137 [ref. 31338], Shrestha 2008:68 [ref. 29923], Conway et al. 2011:1755 [ref. 31594], Kottelat 2013:115 [ref. 32989], Bleher 2018:576 [ref. 36647], Kosygin et al. 2022:651 [ref. 40736], Tudu et al. 2022:43 [ref. 40484]). Current status: Valid as Labeo bata (Hamilton 1822). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: South Asia: Pakistan, India, Nepal, Bangladesh and Myanmar. Habitat: freshwater.

batesi, Prolabeo Norman [J. R.] 1932:182, Fig. 2 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 10) v. 10 (no. 56); ref. 3222] Tributaries of Bagwe River, Sierra Leone. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1932.5.18.13. •Valid as Prolabeo batesi Norman 1932 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:330 [ref. 6186], Lévêque in Lévêque et al. 1990:298 [ref. 21589], Paugy et al. 1990:339 [ref. 26477], Poll & Gosse 1995:165 [ref. 24781]). Current status: Valid as Prolabeo batesi Norman 1932. Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: West Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

batesii, Barbus Boulenger [G. A.] 1903:25, Pl. 3 (fig. 2) [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1903, v. 1 (pt 1) (art. 3); ref. 570] Kribi River, southern Cameroon (ca. 2°56'N, 9°54'E). Holotype (unique): BMNH 1902.11.12.128. Non-types: BMNH 1904.2.29.32-36. •Valid as Barbus batesii Boulenger 1903 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:230 [ref. 6186] with paratypes, but apparently based on a single individual originally). •Valid as Labeobarbus batesii (Boulenger 1903) -- (De Weirdt et al. 2007:521 [ref. 30024], Vreven et al. 2016:56 [ref. 34168], Skelton 2019:227 [ref. 36564], Fermon et al. 2022:136 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Labeobarbus batesii (Boulenger 1903). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Distribution: Western-central Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

batesii, Labeo Boulenger [G. A.] 1911:372 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 8) v. 8 (no. 45); ref. 14783] Kribi River, southern Cameroon [French Equatorial Africa], about 2°56'N, 9°56'E. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1912.6.23.3. •Valid as Labeo batesii Boulenger 1911 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:306 [ref. 6186], Reid 1985:134 [ref. 19189], De Weirdt et al. 2007:555 [ref. 30024], Skelton 2019:227 [ref. 36564], Fermon et al. 2022:135 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Labeo batesii Boulenger 1911. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Western-central Africa: southern Cameroon and Gabon. Habitat: freshwater.

baudoni, Barbus Boulenger [G. A.] 1918:426 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 9) v. 2 (no. 11); ref. 15096] Syntypes: BMNH 1918.12.11.3-5 (3). •Valid as Barbus baudoni Boulenger 1918 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:230 [ref. 6186], Lévêque 1989:201 [ref. 13471], Lévêque in Lévêque et al. 1990:337 [ref. 21589], Lévèque et al. 1991:140 [ref. 31367]). •Valid as Enteromius baudoni (Boulenger 1918) -- (Yang et al. 2015:112 [ref. 33694], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:351 [ref. 35417], Mamonekene et al. 2018:11 [ref. 36400]). Current status: Valid as Enteromius baudoni (Boulenger 1918). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: West Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

baudoni, Discognathus Pellegrin [J.] 1924:339 [Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France v. 48 (no. 8/10) [for 1923]; ref. 15420] Loukoula River, tributary of the Loémé Gabon. Holotype: MNHN 1923-0055. Paratypes: MNHN 1923-0056 (1). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:54-55 [ref. 19574]. •Synonym of Garra ornata (Nichols & Griscom 1917) -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:303 [ref. 6186]). Current status: Synonym of Garra ornata (Nichols & Griscom 1917). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater.

bawkuensis, Barbus Hopson [A. J.] 1965:254, Fig. 4 [Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines v. 71 (nos 3-4); ref. 9216] White Volta, Bazua Bridge, 10 miles west of Bawku, 11°05'N, 0°10'W, northern Ghana. Holotype: BMNH 1964.9.8.278. Paratypes: BMNH 1964.9.8.279-285 (7), MRAC 153534 (1). •Valid as Barbus bawkuensis Hopson 1965 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:230 [ref. 6186], Lévêque 1989:211 [ref. 13471], Lévêque in Lévêque et al. 1990:351 [ref. 21589], Dankwa et al. 1999:28 [ref. 28023], Farm 2000:980 [ref. 25015], Hauber et al. 2011:81 [ref. 31428]). •Valid as Enteromius bawkuensis (Hopson 1965) -- (Yang et al. 2015:112 [ref. 33694], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:351 [ref. 35417]). Current status: Valid as Enteromius bawkuensis (Hopson 1965). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: West Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

bayoni, Barbus Boulenger [G. A.] 1911:77 [14] [Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova (Serie 3). v. 5 (no. 45); ref. 580] Jinja, Ripon Falls and Kakindu, Victoria Nile, Uganda. Syntypes: BMNH 1911.3.3.5 (1) Kakindu; MSNG 17329 [or 17349] (1), 17347 (1). Type catalog: Tortonese 1961:184-185 [ref. 10343]. On p. 14 of separate. •Synonym of Barbus altianalis Boulenger 1900 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:223 [ref. 6186], De Vos & Thys van den Audenaerde 1990 [ref. 17656], Seegers et al. 2003:30 [ref. 28087]). •Synonym of Labeobarbus altianalis (Boulenger 1900) -- (Vreven et al. 2016:55 [ref. 34168]). Current status: Synonym of Labeobarbus altianalis (Boulenger 1900). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Habitat: freshwater.

beasleyi, Barbus Fowler [H. W.] 1937:194, Figs. 153-154 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 89; ref. 1425] Mekong River at Kemrat [Kemarat], Thailand. Holotype (unique): ANSP 68140. Type catalog: Monkolprasit 1969:12 [ref. 25088], Böhlke 1984:70 [ref. 13621]. •Valid as Poropuntius beasleyi (Fowler 1937) -- (Doi 1997:10 [ref. 22832]). •Synonym of Hypsibarbus wetmorei (Smith 1931) -- (Rainboth 1996:122 [ref. 22681], Rainboth 1996:97 [ref. 22772], Kottelat 2001:57 [ref. 25780], Kottelat 2013:113 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Hypsibarbus wetmorei (Smith 1931). Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater.

beavani, Barbus Günther [A.] 1868:96 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 7; ref. 1990] Cossye River, India. Syntypes: BMNH 1867.5.12.11 (1), 1867.5.12.27 (1). •Synonym of Chagunius chagunio (Hamilton 1822) -- (Menon 1999:73 [ref. 24904]). Current status: Synonym of Chagunius chagunio (Hamilton 1822). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Habitat: freshwater.

beddomii, Barbus Günther [A.] 1868:110 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 7; ref. 1990] Sea of Galilee [Bahr Tabariya], Israel. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1863.11.3.5. •Synonym of Barbus canis Valenciennes 1842 -- (Krupp & Schneider 1989:360 [ref. 13651]). •Valid as Carasobarbus canis (Valenciennes 1842) based on placement of canis. •Synonym of Carasobarbus canis (Valnciennes 1842) -- (Borkenhagen & Krupp 2013:11 [ref. 32915], Çiçek et al. 2024:134 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Carasobarbus canis (Valenciennes 1842). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Habitat: freshwater.

behri, Labeo Fowler [H. W.] 1937:206, Figs. 175-176 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 89; ref. 1425] Mekong River at Kemrat [Kemarat], Thailand. Holotype: ANSP 68190. Paratypes: ANSP 68191-98 (8), 68199 (1), 68200 (1, c&s). Type catalog: Monkolprasit 1969:7 [ref. 25088], Böhlke 1984:70 [ref. 13621]. •Questionably a synonym of Lobocheilus pierei Sauvage 1880 -- (Kottelat 1984:802 [ref. 11440]). •Valid as Bangana behri (Fowler 1937) -- (Rainboth 1996:106 [ref. 22772], Kottelat 2001:38 [ref. 25780], Luo & Zhou 2009:66 [ref. 30000], Kottelat & Steiner 2011:317 [ref. 31189]). •Valid as Incisilabeo behri (Fowler 1937) -- (Kottelat 2013:113 [ref. 32989], Kottelat 2017:493 [ref. 35262], Fu et al. 2021:9570 [ref. 39347], Taki et al. 2021:182 [ref. 39830]). Current status: Valid as Incisilabeo behri (Fowler 1937). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Mekong River basin, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia and Yunnan (China). IUCN (2011): Vulnerable. Habitat: freshwater.

beijiangensis, Acrossocheilus wenchowensis Wu [H.-W.] & Lin [R.-D.] in Wu, Lin, Chen, Chen & He 1977:280, Fig. 7-31 [The cyprinid fishes of China v. 2; ref. 4807] Lian-Xian and Yang-Shan, Guangdong, China. Syntypes: 0154 (1), 0928-29 (1, 1), 1081 (1), 660025 (1), 660027-28 (1, 1), 660050-51 (1, 1). •Synonym of Acrossocheilus wenchowensis Wang 1935, but a valid subspecies as described -- (Zheng et al. 1989:181 [ref. 21202], Zhu 1995:57 [ref. 25213]). •Valid as Acrossocheilus beijiangensis Wu & Lin 1977 -- (Chen et al. in Pan et al. 1991:148 [ref. 23876], Shan et al. in Yue 2000:106 [ref. 25272], Yuan et al. 2006:170 [ref. 28704], Lan et al. 2014:437 [ref. 33407], Yuan et al. 2015:160 [ref. 34103], Zhang et al. 2016:86 [ref. 34477]). Current status: Valid as Acrossocheilus beijiangensis Wu & Lin 1977. Cyprinidae: Acrossocheilinae. Distribution: East Asia: Guangdong (China). IUCN (2011): Least Concern. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

beipanensis, Schizothorax Yang [J.], Chen [X.-Y.] & Yang [J.-X.] 2009:36, Fig. 11 [Zootaxa No. 2006; ref. 30052] Suoqiao River, Shanbanqiao Town, Pu'an County, Gui-Zhou Province, 25°47'07.3"N, 104°43'31.3"E, China, elevation 1326 meters. Holotype: KIZ 20060064. Paratypes: at KIZ. Type catalog: Du et al. 2013:349 [ref. 32939] with holotype as 200600645. •Valid as Schizothorax beipanensis Yang, Chen & Yang 2009 -- (Arunkumar & Alphonsa Moyon 2016:69 [ref. 34448], Zhang et al. 2016:121 [ref. 34477]). Current status: Valid as Schizothorax beipanensis Yang, Chen & Yang 2009. Cyprinidae: Schizothoracinae. Distribution: East Asia: upper tributaries of Beipan Jiang, Pearl River basin (China). IUCN (2024): Least Concern. Habitat: freshwater.

belangeri, Leuciscus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1844:99 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 17; ref. 1010] Bengal, India. Syntypes: MNHN 0000-3898 (3). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:81 [ref. 19574]. •Valid as Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes 1844) -- (Talwar & Jhingran 1991:237 [ref. 20764], Doi 1997:9 [ref. 22832], Menon 1999:63 [ref. 24904], Karmakar 2000:28 [ref. 25662], Vishwanath & Shanta Kumar 2007:2881 [ref. 29365] dated 1843, Kottelat 2013:134 [ref. 32989], Maisnam et al. 2017:13 [ref. 35689], Singh et al. 2018:362 [ref. 35172], Rahman et al. 2018:109 [ref. 36230], Bleher 2018:636 [ref. 36647], Shangningam et al. 2020:74 [ref. 37247]). Current status: Valid as Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes 1844). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Manipur, north-east India and north-west Myanmar. Habitat: freshwater.

belangeri, Rohita Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1842:255 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 16; ref. 1009] Bengal. Syntypes: MNHN 0000-3868 (5, poor condition). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:15 [ref. 19574]. Unneeded new name for Cirrhine micropogon Valenciennes 1834. •Synonym of Labeo calbasu (Hamilton 1822) -- (Jayaram & Dhas 2000:83 [ref. 25342], Kottelat 2013:115 [ref. 32989]). Replacement Name. Current status: Synonym of Labeo calbasu (Hamilton 1822). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

belayewi, Barbus Menon [M. A. S.] 1960:144, Fig. 2 [Records of the Indian Museum (Calcutta) v. 54 (pts 3-4) (1956); ref. 4961] Tigris River, Bagdad, Iraq. Holotype: ZSI-F1046/2. Paratypes: ZSI F1047/2 (1). Type catalog: Menon & Yazdani 1968:104 [ref. 20743]. See Das 2003:353 [ref. 27706]. •Synonym of Capoeta damascina (Valenciennes 1842) -- (Coad 1991:15 [ref. 15702], Coad 1995:14 [ref. 23608], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:44 [ref. 37983], Çiçek et al. 2024:158 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Capoeta damascina (Valenciennes 1842). Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Habitat: freshwater.

belense, Scaphiodon watsoni var. Zugmayer [E.] 1912:596 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 8) v. 10 (no. 60); ref. 14897] Porali River, near Las Bela, Baluchistan, Pakistan. Syntypes: NMW 19833 [ex ZSM] (2); ?ZSI F827/1 (1), F8029/1 (1), F8030/1 (1), F8031/1 (1); ZSM [old collection] (orig. 42) destroyed in WWII. Type catalog: Menon & Yazdani 1968:117 [ref. 20743], Neumann 2006:273 [ref. 28925]. •Synonym of Cyprinion watsoni (Day 1872) -- (Bianco & Bănărescu 1982:84 [ref. 8508], Talwar & Jhingran 1991:183 [ref. 20764], Coad 1996:4 [ref. 23831], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:68 [ref. 37983], Çiçek et al. 2024:144 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinion watsoni (Day 1872). Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Habitat: freshwater.

belinka, Systomus Bleeker [P.] 1860:321 [Acta Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Indo-Neêrlandicae v. 7 (art. 2); ref. 380] Padang, Solok, and Sinkara, Sumatra, Indonesia. Syntypes: (9) BMNH 1866.5.2.192 (1) Sumatra; ?NMV 45938 (1); RMNH 7020 (1), 7132 (1). Original lists Cypr. Tab. XXXI, fig. 1, which was published in 1864 as Cypr. Pl. 37 (fig. 1). •Valid as Barboides belinka (Bleeker 1860) -- (Kottelat et al. 1993:32 [ref. 23448], Doi 1997:3 [ref. 22832]). •Valid as Barbonymus belinka (Bleeker 1960) -- (Kottelat 2013:81 [ref. 32989], Dahruddin et al. 2021:6 [ref. 38577]). Current status: Valid as Barbonymus belinka (Bleeker 1860). Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: northwestern Sumatra (Indonesia) and Malaysia. Habitat: freshwater.

bellcrossi, Barbus Jubb [R. A.] 1965:539, Fig. 1 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 13) v. 7 (no. 81) (for 1964); ref. 9219] Nyakaseya, Upper Zambezi River, 11°08'S, 24°08'E, Zambia, elevation 4000 feet. Holotype: AMG P1051. Paratypes: AMG P1052-54 (3, 1 decapitated). Type catalog: Skelton & Stuart 1987:181 [ref. 12628]. •Valid as Barbus bellcrossi Jubb 1965 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:230 [ref. 6186], Skelton 1993:137 [ref. 24071], Skelton 2001:137 [ref. 27406]). •Valid as Clypeobarbus bellcrossi (Jubb 1965) -- (Conway & Stiassny 2008:263 [ref. 29761], Stiassny & Sakharva 2016:1409 [ref. 34176], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:351 [ref. 35417], Skelton 2019:231 [ref. 36564], Munene et al. 2021:22 [ref. 39283]). Current status: Valid as Clypeobarbus bellcrossi (Jubb 1965). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Southern-central Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

bellcrossi, Coptostomabarbus Poll [M.] 1969:122, Fig. 7 [Bulletin de la Classe des Sciences, Académie Royale de Belgique (Ser. 5) v. 55; ref. 17957] Luongo River, Rhodesian-Congo system. Holotype: MRAC 142082. Paratypes: MRAC 142083-84 (2), 142085 (1). Type catalog: Derijst 1991:37 [ref. 21528]. •Valid as Coptostomabarbus bellcrossi Poll 1969 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:300 [ref. 6186] as Coptostomobarbus, Poll & Gosse 1995:163 [ref. 24781]). Current status: Valid as Coptostomabarbus bellcrossi Poll 1969. Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Central Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

bellus, Osteochilus Popta [C. M. L.] 1904:197 [Notes from the Leyden Museum v. 24 (no. 4) (art. 6) (for Oct. 1902); ref. 3547] Bo River, Piit, central Borneo. Syntypes (3): RMNH 7580 (5), 29317 [ex RMNH 7580] (1). •Valid as Osteochilus bellus Popta 1904 -- (Karnasuta 1993:35 [ref. 20700], Kottelat et al. 1993:39 [ref. 23448], Doi 1997:9 [ref. 22832], Kottelat 2013:134 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Valid as Osteochilus bellus Popta 1904. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Borneo. Habitat: freshwater.

benasi, Crossochilus Pellegrin [J.] & Chevey [P.] 1936:226, Fig. 4 [Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France v. 61 (no. 3); ref. 13735] Laokay Province, Muong Hum, Vietnam. Lectotype: MNHN 1935-0338. Paralectotypes: MNHN 1935-0339 (1) Pont des Lianes. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:54 [ref. 19574]. Original genus is correctly Crossocheilus. Lectotype selected by Kottelat 2013:126 [ref. 32989]. •Valid as Crossochilus benasi Pellegrin & Chevey 1936 -- (Mai 1978:102 [ref. 13511]). •In genus Neolissochilus -- (Rainboth 1985:30 [ref. 5968]). •Valid as Barbodes benasi (Pellegrin & Chevey 1936) -- (Chu & Cui in Chu & Chen 1989:181 [ref. 13584], Zhu 1995:55 [ref. 25213], Chen et al. 1999:83 [ref. 23883], Shan et al. in Yue 2000:15 [ref. 25272]). •Valid as Neolissochilus benasi (Pellegrin & Chevey 1936) -- (Kottelat 2001:31 [ref. 25482], Zhang & Fang 2005:61 [ref. 28089], Kottelat 2013:126 [ref. 32989], Hoàng et al. 2015:566 [ref. 33936], Zhang et al. 2016:91 [ref. 34477], Lalramliana et al. 2018:[5] [ref. 35912]). Current status: Valid as Neolissochilus benasi (Pellegrin & Chevey 1936). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Distribution: Southeast Asia, East Asia: Vietnam and China. IUCN (2012): Data Deficient., Habitat: freshwater.

bengalensis, Cirrhina Bleeker [P.] 1853:136, Pl. 4 (fig. 2) [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 25 (art. 8); ref. 341] Hooghly River, Calcutta, India. Syntypes: (2) BMNH 1866.5.2.102 (1), RMNH 4972 (1). Original genus should have been Cirrhinus. •Synonym of Cirrhinus reba (Hamilton 1822) -- (Menon 1999:124 [ref. 24904], Ataur Rahman 2003:141 [ref. 31338]). •Synonym of Gymnostomus ariza (Hamilton 1807). Current status: Synonym of Gymnostomus ariza (Hamilton 1807). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater.

bengalensis, Rohita Bleeker [P.] in Günther 1868:46 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 7; ref. 1990] Not available; name in synonymy of Labeo fimbriatus. Nomen Nudum. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae.

berdmorei, Dangila Blyth [E.] 1860:162 [Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal v. 29 (no. 2); ref. 477] Tenasserim provinces, Myanmar. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. •Valid as Labiobarbus berdmorei (Blyth 1860) -- (Talwar & Jhingran 1991:223 [ref. 20764]). •Synonym of Labiobarbus leptocheilus (Valenciennes 1842) -- (Roberts 1994:320 [ref. 22596], Kottelat 2013:118 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Labiobarbus leptocheilus (Valenciennes 1842). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater.

bergamae, Capoeta capoeta Karaman [M. S.] 1969:29, Pl. 1 (fig. 5), Pl. 4 (fig. 3) [Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut v. 66; ref. 7823] Southwestern Anatolia, Turkey. Syntypes: ZMH H4146 and 3897 (7), 3597 (5), 3603 (2). Type catalog: Wilkens 1977:157 [ref. 22013]. •Valid as Capoeta bergamae Karaman 1969 -- (Turan et al. 2006:152 [ref. 28700], Fricke et al. 2007:35 [ref. 29533], Özuluğ & Freyhof 2008:293 [ref. 29981], Levin et al. 2012:544 [ref. 33912], Çiçek et al. 2015:143 [ref. 35151], Zareian et al. 2016:72 [ref. 34282], Turan et al. 2017:437 [ref. 35330], Çiçek et al. 2018:3 [ref. 36267], Elp et al. 2018:103 [ref. 35851], Çiçek et al. 2020:247 [ref. 37644], Çiçek et al. 2023:368 [ref. 40625], Çiçek et al. 2024:155 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Capoeta bergamae Karaman 1969. Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Distribution: Asia Minor: Aegean Sea watersheds (Turkey). Habitat: freshwater.

bergi, Barbus barbus Chichkoff [G.] 1935:305 [French p. 311], Pl. 1 (figs. 1-2) [Godisnik na Sofijskija Universitet = Annuaire de l'Université de Sofia, Fiziko-Matematiceski Fakultet = Faculté des Sciences Physiques et Mathématiques, Sofija v. 31 (no. 3); ref. 13687] Riesova Rieca, Bulgaria. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. •Questionably a synonym of Barbus cyclolepis Heckel 1837 -- (Kottelat 1997:48 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Barbus tauricus Kessler 1877, but a valid subspecies as described -- (Bogutskaya et al. in Bănărescu & Bogutskaya 2003:397, 411 [ref. 27353], Vassilev & Pehlivanov 2005:167 [ref. 28369]). •Synonym of Barbus tauricus Kessler 1877 -- (Turan et al. 2018:548 [ref. 36092]). •Valid as Barbus bergi Chichkoff 1935 -- (Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:120 [ref. 29996], Levin et al. 2012:544 [ref. 33912], Çiçek et al. 2015:144 [ref. 35151], Çiçek et al. 2020:246 [ref. 37644], Çiçek et al. 2023:364 [ref. 40625], Çiçek et al. 2024:146 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Barbus bergi Chichkoff 1935. Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Distribution: Southeastern Europe: Bulgaria and Turkey. Habitat: freshwater.

bergi, Varicorhinus Derjavin [A. N.] 1929:72, Fig. 1 [Bulletins of the Ichthyological Laboratory of Baku. v. 2 (no. 2); ref. 16078] Karaj River, 30 kilometers from Teheran, Iran. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Capoeta aculeata (Valenciennes 1844) -- (Coad 1991:15 [ref. 15702], Coad & Krupp 1994:64 [ref. 23605], Coad 1995:13 [ref. 23608], Esmaeili et al. 2010:368 [ref. 33391], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:867 [ref. 34062], Esmaeili et al. 2017:38 [ref. 35254], Zareian et al. 2017:19 [ref. 35636], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:38 [ref. 37983], Çiçek et al. 2024:153 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Capoeta aculeata (Valenciennes 1844). Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Habitat: freshwater.

bernardcarpi, Barbus Jubb [R. A.] 1958:183, Fig. 1 [Occasional Papers of the National Museums of Southern Rhodesia. B, Natural Sciences. v. 3 (no. 22B); ref. 12075] Kabuta, Chobe River, upper Zambezi system, southwest Africa. Holotype: SAIAB [formerly RUSI] 312 [not 144]. Paratypes: AMG P309-311 (3, 3, 3); ?SAIAB [formerly RUSI] 133-135 (3), 145 (1), 148-149 (2). Type catalog: Skelton & Stuart 1987:182 [ref. 12628]. •Synonym of Barbus poechii Steindachner 1911 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:282 [ref. 6186]). •Synonym of Enteromius poechii (Steindachner 1911) -- (Hayes & Armbruster 2017:354 [ref. 35417]). Current status: Synonym of Enteromius poechii (Steindachner 1911). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Habitat: freshwater.

beso, Varicorhinus Rüppell [W. P. E. S.] 1835:21, Pl. 3 (fig. 2) [Museum Senckenbergianum: Abhandlungen aus dem Gebiete der beschreibenden Naturgeschichte, von Mitgliedern der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Frankfurt am Main v. 2 (no. 1); ref. 3845] Bahardar, Lake Tsana, Ethiopia (±11°37'N, 37°24'E). Neotype: BMNH 1902.12.13.365. Original type in SMF lost, see Vreven et al. 2016:29 [ref. 34168]. Neotype designated by Vreven et al. 2016:29 [ref. 34168]. •Valid as Varicorhinus beso Rüppell 1835 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:337 [ref. 6186], Getahun et al. 2004:159 [ref. 27830], Levin et al. 2015:403 [ref. 34851]). •Valid as Labeobarbus beso (Rüppell 1835) -- (Vreven et al. 2016:29 [ref. 34168], Beshera et al. 2016:377 [ref. 34343], Borkenhagen 2017:293 [ref. 35158]). Current status: Valid as Labeobarbus beso (Rüppell 1835). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Distribution: Lake Tana, Blue Nile, Awash and Atbara river systems, Ethiopia. Habitat: freshwater.

bhimensis, Osteobrama Singh [D. F.] & Yazdani [G. M.] 1992:97, Fig. 1 [Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society v. 89 (pt 1); ref. 20670] Bhima River, Saha village, ca. 18.133°N, 75.093°E, Indapur Taluka, Pune District, Maharshtra, India. Holotype: ZSI Pune F/1235. Paratypes: ZSI Pune F/1236 (5). •Valid as Osteobrama bhimensis Singh & Yazdani 1992 -- (Yadav 2000:40 [ref. 25661], Yadav 2003:11 [ref. 27711], Jadhav et al. 2011:2079 [ref. 31547]). •Synonym of Osteobrama vigorsii (Sykes 1839) -- (Jadhav et al. 2011:2078 [ref. 31547] dated 1841). Current status: Synonym of Osteobrama vigorsii (Sykes 1839). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Habitat: freshwater.

bhola, Cyprinus Hamilton [F.] in McClelland 1839:220 [Asiatic Researches v. 19 (pt 2); ref. 2923] Not available, name only. Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Raiamas bola (Hamilton 1822). Cyprinidae.

biangularis, Sinocyclocheilus Wang [D.] in Li et al. 1996:59 [Chinese Journal of Fisheries v. 9 (no. 2); ref. 25911] Guizhou, China. Romero et al. 2009 [ref. 30522] list biangularis as a synonym of the later bicornutus -- needs investigation. •Valid as Sinocyclocheilus biangularis Wang 1996. Current status: Uncertain as Sinocyclocheilus biangularis Wang 1996. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: East Asia: Guizhou (China). IUCN (2024): Not Assessed. Habitat: freshwater.

bibarba, Mekongina Nguyen [V. H.] in Nguyen & Ngô 2002:458, Fig. 229 [Freshwater fishes of Viet Nam. Volume I. Family Cyprinidae v. 1; ref. 28301] Sông Sesan, from hô Yaly, tinh Kon Tum, Tây Nguyen, Viêt Nam [Kon Tum Province, Sesan River, Yale Reservoir, Vietnam]. Holotype (unique): VNCNTTS I: H.01.86.01.01. •Valid as Mekongina bibarba Nguyen 2002 -- (Yang et al. 2008:2005 [ref. 29921]). •Species inquirenda et incertae sedis as Mekongina bibarba -- (Kottelat 2013:123 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Valid as Mekongina bibarba Nguyen 2002. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Mekong River basin, Vietnam. Habitat: freshwater.

bibarbata, Altigena Mai [D. Y.] 1978:68, Fig. 28 [Identification of the fresh-water fishes of North Viet Nam v. 1; ref. 13511] Northern Vietnam. Holotype (unique): DVZUT. •Synonym of Bangana lemassoni (Pellegrin & Chevey 1936) -- (Kottelat 2001:18 [ref. 25482], Kottelat 2013:75 [ref. 32989]). •Synonym of Decorus lemassoni (Pellegrin & Chevey 1936). Current status: Synonym of Decorus lemassoni (Pellegrin & Chevey 1936). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater.

bibarbatus, Placocheilus Nguyen [V. H.] in Nguyen & Ngô 2002:552, Fig. 284 [Freshwater fishes of Viet Nam. Volume I. Family Cyprinidae v. 1; ref. 28301] Tam Duòng, Phong Thô, Lai Châu, Viêt Nam. Holotype: VNCNTTS I: H.01.96.09.01. Paratypes: VNCNTTS I: H.01.96.09.02 (5). •Valid as Placocheilus bibarbatus Nguyen 2002 -- (Kottelat 2013:141 [ref. 32989] with question). •In Garra -- (Lothongkham et al. 2014:543 [ref. 33283] without mentioning). Current status: Valid as Placocheilus bibarbatus Nguyen 2002. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Tam Duòng, Phong Thô County, Lai Châu Province, Vietnam. Habitat: freshwater.

bicaudatus, Carassius auratus japonicus var. Zernecke [E.] 1897:140 [ ref. 34768] Domesticated aquarium form. No types known. •In the synonymy of Carassius auratus (Linnaeus 1758). Infrasubspecific. Current status: Synonym of Carassius auratus (Linnaeus 1758). Cyprinidae: Cyprininae.

bicolor, Gobio McClelland [J.] 1839:278, 360, Pl. 40 (fig. 1) [Asiatic Researches v. 19 (pt 2); ref. 2923] Northern Assam, India. No types known. •Synonym of Labeo pangusia (Hamilton 1822) -- (Menon 1999:135 [ref. 24904]). •Synonym of Labeo dyocheilus (McClelland 1839) -- (Coad 1981:11 [ref. 22348], Jayaram & Dhas 2000:49 [ref. 25342], Kottelat 2013:116 [ref. 32989] with question). Current status: Synonym of Labeo dyocheilus (McClelland 1839). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater.

bicolor, Hypselobarbus Knight [J. D. M.], Rai [A.], d'Souza [R. K. P.], Philip [S.] & Dahanukar [N.] 2016:317, Figs. 1-3 [Zootaxa 4184 (no. 2); ref. 34872] Sita River, Chara, Karnataka, India. Holotype: BNHS FWF 159. Paratypes: MKC, SRC/ZSI. •Valid as Hypselobarbus bicolor Knight, Rai, d'Souza, Philip & Dahanukar 2016 -- (Arunachalam et al. 2016:272 [ref. 34977]). Current status: Valid as Hypselobarbus bicolor Knight, Rai, d'Souza, Philip & Dahanukar 2016. Cyprinidae: Torinae. Distribution: Sita and Tunga Rivers, Karnataka, India. Habitat: freshwater.

bicolor, Labeo Smith [H. M.] 1931:9, Fig. 4 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 79 (no. 2873); ref. 4047] Small tributary of Menam Chao Phya River, near Paknampo [Nakorn-Sawan], central Thailand. Holotype: USNM 90291. Additional specimens: (10 + several) USNM 90292 (10), ZMA 115791 (2). Type catalog: Monkolprasit 1969:7 [ref. 25088], Nijssen et al. 1982:29 [ref. 19236], Vilasri et al. 2018:49 [ref. 36451]. •Valid as Epalzeorhynchos bicolor (Smith 1931) -- (Doi 1997:5 [ref. 22832], Yang & Winterbottom 1998:49 [ref. 23307], Zhang & Kottelat 2006:22 [ref. 28711], Kottelat 2013:101 [ref. 32989], Kulabtong et al. 2014:371 [ref. 33425], Vilasri et al. 2018:49 [ref. 36451]). Current status: Valid as Epalzeorhynchos bicolor (Smith 1931). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Thailand. Habitat: freshwater.

bicornis, Epalzeorhynchus Wu [H.-W.] in Wu, Lin, Chen, Chen & He 1977:357, Fig. 7-82 [The cyprinid fishes of China v. 2; ref. 4807] Liu-ku, Nu-jiang system, Salween River drainage, Yunnan Province, China. Holotype (unique): IHASW 64.8.1. Original genus should have been Epalzeorhynchos. •Valid as Epalzeorhynchos bicornis Wu 1977 -- (Bănărescu 1986:155 [ref. 8112], Chu & Cui in Chu & Chen 1989:232 [ref. 13584], Zhu 1995:67 [ref. 25213], Yang & Winterbottom 1998:49 [ref. 23307], Chen in Chen 1998:169 [ref. 23556] as Epalzeorhynchus, Yue & Chen 1998:127 [ref. 26415] as Epalzeorhynchus, Zhang et al. in Yue 2000:211 [ref. 25272]). •Valid as Akrokolioplax bicornis (Wu 1977) -- (Zhang & Kottelat 2006:22 [ref. 28711], Yuan et al. 2008:47 [ref. 29667], Kottelat 2013:72 [ref. 32989], Zhang et al. 2016:106 [ref. 34477], Kottelat 2016:445 [ref. 34856]). •Valid as Gonorhynchus bicornis (Wu 1977) -- (Yang et al. 2012:362 [ref. 33458], Ciccotto & Page 2016:489 [ref. 34501]). •Valid as Tariqilabeo bicornis (Wu 1977) -- (Ciccotto & Page 2017:447 [ref. 35090]). Current status: Valid as Tariqilabeo bicornis (Wu 1977). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: East Asia: upper Salween River basin, Yunnan (China). IUCN (2009): Data Deficient. Habitat: freshwater.

bicornis, Paracrossochilus Popta [C. M. L.] 1904:201 [Notes from the Leyden Museum v. 24 (no. 4) (art. 6) (for Oct. 1902); ref. 3547] Howong River, Mahakam basin, Borneo, Indonesia. Lectotype: RMNH 7594 (1of 4). Syntypes: RMNH 7594 (6), 27677 [ex RMNH 7594] (1); ZMA 114485 (1). Type catalog: Nijssen et al. 1982:32 [ref. 19236]. Lectotype selected by Bănărescu 1986:158. •Synonym of Paracrossochilus vittatus (Boulenger 1894) -- (Roberts 1989:57 [ref. 6439]). Current status: Synonym of Paracrossochilus vittatus (Boulenger 1894). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater.

bicornta, Garra Narayan Rao [C. R.] in Narayan Rao & Seshachar 1927:117, 127 [Journal of Mysore University Bangalore v. 1; ref. 15818] Mysore, India. An incorrect subsequent spelling of Garra bicornuta Narayan Rao 1920. Misspelling. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae.

bicornuta, Garra Narayan Rao [C. R.] 1920:57, Pl. 1 (figs. 3, 3a-b) [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 9) v. 6 (no. 31) (art. 2); ref. 15244] Tunga River at Shimoga, Karnataka, India. Holotype (?): BMNH. Paratypes: BMNH 1919.11.19.1-3 (3, including the holotype?), ZSI (3). •Valid as Garra bicornuta Narayan Rao 1920 -- (Talwar & Jhingran 1991:420 [ref. 20764], Rema Devi 1993:244 [ref. 23727], Rema Devi & Indra 1999:55 [ref. 24756], Yadav 2003:15 [ref. 27711], Arunachalam et al.2013:62 [ref. 33195], Arunachalam et al. 2014:67 [ref. 33404], Arunachalam & Nandagopal 2014:48 [ref. 33405], Thoni et al. 2016:129 [ref. 34747], Nebeshwar & Vishwanath 2017:25 [ref. 35484], Bleher 2018:474 [ref. 36647], Rath et al. 2019:495 [ref. 36896], Jadhav et al. 2022:10 [ref. 39774]). Current status: Valid as Garra bicornuta Narayan Rao 1920. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: South Asia: Tunga River drainage, Krishna River basin, Western Ghats, India. Habitat: freshwater.

bicornuta, Garra lamta forma Koller [O.] 1927:33, Fig. 3 [Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien v. 41; ref. 5622] Hainan Island, China. No types known. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Garra bicornuta Narayan Rao 1920. 1°Homonym. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater.

bicornutus, Sinocyclocheilus Wang [D.-H.] & Liao [J.-W.] 1997:1, Fig. 1 [Acta Academiae Medicinae Zunyi v. 20 (nos 2-3); ref. 28149] Underground river, Xingren County, Gaowu Town, 25°32'N, 105°12'E, Guizhou Province, China. Holotype: IHSAW 9050242. Paratypes: IHASW (and ZMC) 12209043-9050241 (1), 9050243-49 (7). Apparently appeared as Synocyclocheilus bicronuhus in Dai 1988 [ref. 22508] and as Ceratobarbus biangularis in Wang & Liao 1995, Acta Academiae Medicinae Zunyi v. 18 (no 2): 85. •Valid as Sinocyclocheilus bicornutus Wang & Liao 1997 -- (Li et al. 2007:2 [ref. 29378] as bicornuhus, Romero et al. 2009 [ref. 30522], Zhao & Zhang 2006:773 [ref. 31176], Zhao et al. 2011:1551 [ref. 31493], Zhu & Zhu 2012:226 [ref. 31831], Ma & Zhao 2012:109 [ref. 34891], Zhang et al. 2016:99 [ref. 34477], Liu et al. 2018:[7] [ref. 35769], Wu et al. 2018:57 [ref. 35993], Zhao et al. 2021:160 [ref. 39337]). Current status: Valid as Sinocyclocheilus bicornutus Wang & Liao 1997. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: East Asia: Xingren, Beipanjiang River basin, Guizhou (China). IUCN (2024) Vulnerable. Habitat: freshwater.

biddulphi, Schizothorax Günther [A.] 1876:400 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 4) v. 17 (no. 101) (art. 43); ref. 2007] Yarkard and Kashgar rivers, China. Syntypes: BMNH 1875.3.29.1 (skin), Yarkard River, 1876.3.24.1 (skin) Kashgar River. •Valid as Racoma biddulphi (Günther 1876) -- (Wu & Wu 1992:341 [ref. 21205]). •Synonym of Racoma labiata McClelland 1842 -- (Menon 1999:108 [ref. 24904]). •Valid as Schizothorax biddulphi Günther 1876 -- (Tsao 1964:160 [ref. 13501], Zhu 1995:89 [ref. 25213], Yue & Chen 1998:147 [ref. 26415], Chen & Cao et al. in Yue 2000:314 [ref. 25272], Zhang et al. 2016:121 [ref. 34477], Sarma et al. 2024:152 [ref. 41262]). Current status: Valid as Schizothorax biddulphi Günther 1876. Cyprinidae: Schizothoracinae. Distribution: East Asia: Tarim River basin, Central Asian Desert (northwestern China). IUCN (2023): Critically Endangered. Habitat: freshwater.

bifasciata, Barbus hampal var. Popta [C. M. L.] 1905:173 [Notes from the Leyden Museum v. 25 (no. 4) (art. 15); ref. 3549] Bo River, Borneo, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): RMNH 0000-7612. •Synonym of Hampala macrolepidota Kuhl & van Hasselt 1823 -- (Kottelat 2013:109 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Hampala macrolepidota Kuhl & van Hasselt 1823. Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Habitat: freshwater.

bifrenatus, Barbus Fowler [H. W.] 1935:266, Fig. 10 [Annals of the Transvaal Museum v. 16 (pt 2); ref. 1423] Tsotsoroga Pan, Botswana. Holotype: SAIAB [formerly RUSI] 30018 [ex TMP 15294]. Paratypes: (78) ANSP 54275-89 (15); FMNH 33233-42 (1 ea.); SAIAB [formerly RUSI] 30019 [ex TMP 15295] (53). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:70 [ref. 13621], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:15 [ref. 12367]. •Synonym of Barbus viviparus Weber 1897 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:296 [ref. 6186]). •Valid as Barbus bifrenatus Fowler 1935 -- (Skelton 1993:142 [ref. 24071], Skelton 2001:142 [ref. 27406], Snoeks 2004:21 [ref. 28111], Marshall 2011:84 [ref. 31755]). •Valid as Enteromius bifrenatus (Fowler 1935) -- (Yang et al. 2015:112 [ref. 33694], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:352 [ref. 35417], Bruton et al. 2018:44 [ref. 36373], Mamonekene et al. 2018:11 [ref. 36400], Skelton 2019:231 [ref. 36564], Munene et al. 2021:21 [ref. 39283]). Current status: Valid as Enteromius bifrenatus (Fowler 1935). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Central and southern Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

bigornei, Barbus Lévêque [C.], Teugels [G. G.] & Thys van den Audenaerde [D. F. E.] 1988:179, Fig. 1; Pl. 1a [Cybium v. 12 (no. 3); ref. 6865] Mongo River at Marcla, Guinea. Holotype: MNHN 1987-1220. Paratypes: MNHN 1987-1221 (10), MRAC 87-59-P-1-2 (2). Other material at MNHN and MRAC. •Valid as Barbus bigornei Lévêque, Teugels & Thys van den Audenaerde 1988 -- (Lévêque et al. 1989:116 [ref. 26480], Lévêque in Lévêque et al. 1990:357 [ref. 21589], Paugy et al. 1990:338 [ref. 26477], Bamba et al. 2011:52 [ref. 31488] in 'Barbus"). •Valid as Enteromius bigornei (Lévêque, Teugels & Thys van den Audenaerde 1988) -- (Yang et al. 2015:112 [ref. 33694], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:352 [ref. 35417]). Current status: Valid as Enteromius bigornei (Lévêque, Teugels & Thys van den Audenaerde 1988). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: West Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

biharicus, Barbus Antal [L.], László [B.] & Kotlík [P.] in Antal, László, Koylik, Mozsál, Czeglédi, Oldal, et al. 2016:192, Fig. 4 [Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution v. 96; ref. 34094] Sebes-Körös River (Crişul Repede) at Bratca, tributary of Tisza River, Danube River basin, Romania, 46.9279°N, 22.5934°E. Holotype: HNHM-ICH-2015.51.1. Paratype: HNHM-ICH-2015.48.1 (1). Electronic online-first version (15 Dec. 2015) without ZooBank registration number, not fulfilling the amendment of ICZN Art. 8.5; available from journal version with page numbers published in Jan. 2016. •Valid as Barbus biharicus Antal, László & Kotlík 2016 -- (Nagy et al. 2023:356 [ref. 40348]). Current status: Valid as Barbus biharicus Antal, László & Kotlík 2016. Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Distribution: Eastern Europe: tributary of Tisza River, Danube River basin (Romania and Hungary). Habitat: freshwater.

bilkewitschi, Barbus Bulgakov [G. P.] 1923:236, Pl. [Trudy Turkestanskogo nauchnogo obshchestva = Transactions of the Scientific Society of Turjestan v. 1; ref. 16414] Atrek River, southeastern watershed of Caspian Sea, Turkmenistan. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. Spelled bilkewitchi on p. 236, bilkewitschi on the plate. •Synonym of Barbus capito (Güldenstädt 1773) -- (Berg 1949:699 [ref. 20661], Coad 1995:12 [ref. 23608], Bogutskaya et al. in Bănărescu & Bogutskaya 2003:147 [ref. 27353]). •Synonym of Luciobarbus capito (Güldenstädt 1773) -- (Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:82 [ref. 37983], Çiçek et al. 2024:168 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Luciobarbus capito (Güldenstädt 1773). Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

biloborostris, Garra Roni [N.] & Vishwanath [W.] 2017:134, Figs. 1-4 [Vertebrate Zoology v. 67 (no. 2); ref. 35625] Kanamakra River, Brahmaputra River basin, Chirang district, Assam, India, 26°45'0.59"N, 90°39'17.36"E, elevation 191 meters. Holotype: MUMF 22017. Paratypes: MUMF. •Valid as Garra biloborostris Roni & Vishwanath 2017 -- (Gong et al. 2018:380 [ref. 36379], Moyon & Arunkumar 2018:112 [ref. 36388], Roni et al. 2019:551 [ref. 36796], Rath et al. 2019:495 [ref. 36896], Ezung et al. 2020:1336 [ref. 37760], Nebeshwar et al. 2024:195 [ref. 40865], Tenali et al. 2024:586 [ref. 41606]). Current status: Valid as Garra biloborostris Roni & Vishwanath 2017. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: South Asia: Brahmaputra River basin, Assam, India. Habitat: freshwater.

bimaculacauda, Garra Thoni [R. J.], Gurung [D. B.] & Mayden [R. L.] 2016:118, Figs. 3-4 [Zootaxa 4169 (no. 1); ref. 34747] Dangmechhu River, Marangdud, Zhemgang Dzongkhag, Bhutan, 27°11.513'N, 91°36.059'E. Holotype: NBC 15184. Paratypes: CNR. Plus non-type material. •Valid as Garra bimaculacauda Thoni, Gurung & Mayden 2016 -- (Roni et al. 2017:372 [ref. 35205], Roni & Vishwanath 2017:134 [ref. 35625], Gong et al. 2018:380 [ref. 36379], Moyon & Arunkumar 2018:113 [ref. 36388], Nebeshwar et al. 2024:195 [ref. 40865]). Current status: Valid as Garra bimaculacauda Thoni, Gurung & Mayden 2016. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: South Asia: Dangmechhu River drainage, Brahmaputra River basin, central and eastern Bhutan. Habitat: freshwater.

bimaculata, Barbus hampal var. Popta [C. M. L.] 1905:173 [Notes from the Leyden Museum v. 25 (no. 4) (art. 15); ref. 3549] Howong River, Bo River and Kajan River, Borneo. Syntypes: RMNH 7613 (3), 78614 (4), 7615 (3). •Valid as Hampala bimaculata (Popta 1905) -- (Doi & Taki 1994:405 [ref. 21214], Roberts 1989:40 [ref. 6439], Kottelat et al. 1993:35 [ref. 23448], Kottelat & Lim 1996:230 [ref. 23210], Doi 1997:6 [ref. 22832], Parenti & Lim 2005:180 [ref. 28285], Sulaiman et al. 2018:28 [ref. 35802], Ren et al. 2020:[6] [ref. 37805]). Current status: Valid as Hampala bimaculata (Popta 1905). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Borneo. Habitat: freshwater.

bimaculatus, Cyprinus Hamilton [F.] in McClelland 1839:220 [Asiatic Researches v. 19 (pt 2); ref. 2923] Not available, name only. Nomen Nudum. Cyprinidae.

bimaculatus, Gnathopogon Bleeker [P.] 1863:245 [Verslagen en Mededeelingen der Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen. Afdeling Natuurkunde. v. 15; ref. 17011] Sri Lanka. Syntypes: (5). Also appeared in Bleeker 1864:17, Pl. 4 (fig. 1) [ref. 13925]. •Valid as Puntius bimaculatus (Bleeker 1863) -- (Pethiyagoda 1991:96 [ref. 20075], Talwar & Jhingran 1991:259 [ref. 20764], Menon & Rema Devi 1992:220 [ref. 20007], Rema Devi 1993:197 [ref. 24010], Manimekalan 1998:434 [ref. 24989], Rema Devi & Raghunathan 1999:152 [ref. 24759], Rema Devi & Raghunathan 1999:169 [ref. 24760], Menon 1999:87 [ref. 24904], Arunachalam et al. 2000:293 [ref. 25165], Arunachalam et al. 2001:128 [ref. 25692], Kullander & Fang 2005:297 [ref. 28193], Pethiyagoda et al. 2008:209 [ref. 29986], Pethiyagoda et al. 2012:73 [ref. 32071], Arunkumar & Manimekalan 2018:1739 [ref. 36172], Bleher 2018:708 [ref. 36647], Ren et al. 2020:[5] [ref. 37805]). •Valid as Plesiopuntius bimaculatus (Bleeker 1863) -- (Sudasinghe et al. 2023:12 [ref. 40281]). Current status: Valid as Plesiopuntius bimaculatus (Bleeker 1863). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: South Asia: Sri Lanka and southern India (Western and Eastern Ghats). Habitat: freshwater.

bimaculatus, Gonorhynchus McClelland [J.] 1839:281, 374, Pl. 43 (fig. 2) [Asiatic Researches v. 19 (pt 2); ref. 2923] River Laeeh at foot of Mishmee Mts. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater.

binduchitra, Barbus (Puntius) Hora [S. L.] 1937:327, Fig. 4 [Records of the Indian Museum (Calcutta) v. 39 (pt 4); ref. 20745] Road-side drains and small streams at Sandoway, Lower Myanmar. Holotype: ZSI F 12478/1. Paratypes: ZSI F12478/1 (9). Type catalog: Menon & Yazdani 1968:116 [ref. 20743]. See Das 2003:354 [ref. 27706]. •Synonym of Puntius sarana (Hamilton 1822), subspecies orphoides (Valenciennes 1842) -- (Talwar & Jhingran 1991:282 [ref. 20764]). •Synonym of Barbodes sarana (Hamilton 1822) subspecies orphoides (Valenciennes 1842) -- (Menon 1999:70 [ref. 24904]). •Synonym of Puntius sarana (Hamilton 1822). •Synonym of Systomus sarana (Hamilton 1822) based on placement of sarana. •Valid as Systomus binduchitra (Hora 1937) -- (Kottelat 2013:165 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Valid as Systomus binduchitra (Hora 1937). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Myanmar. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

binduensis, Garra Das [U.], Kosygin [L.] & Panigrahi [A. K.] 2016:53, Figs. 1-2 [Bioglobia v. 3 (no. 1); ref. 36383] Jaldhaka River at Bindu near Jaldhaka Hydel complex, Brahmaputra River basin, North Bengal Darjeeling district, India. Holotype: ZSI FF 5623. Paratypes: ZSI. •Valid as Garra binduensis Das, Kosygin & Panigrahi 2016 -- (Moyon & Arunkumar 2018:113 [ref. 36388], Nebeshwar et al. 2024:195 [ref. 40865], Tenali et al. 2024:586 [ref. 41606]). Current status: Valid as Garra binduensis Das, Kosygin & Panigrahi 2016. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: South Asia: Jaldhaka River drainage, Brahmaputra River basin, India. Habitat: freshwater.

bingeri, Capoeta Pellegrin [J.] 1905:292 [Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Série 1) v. 11 (no. 5); ref. 15373] Bourka [Burka, effluent of Lake Ganjule] River, eastern Ethiopia [circa 5°50'N, 37°40'E]. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1905-0252. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:44 [ref. 19574]. •Synonym of Barbus intermedius Rüppell 1835 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:253 [ref. 6186]). •Synonym of Labeobarbus intermedius (Rüppell 1835) -- (Vreven et al. 2016:60 [ref. 34168]). Current status: Synonym of Labeobarbus intermedius (Rüppell 1835). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Habitat: freshwater.

binhluensis, Garroides Nguyen [V. H.] & Vu [T. H. N.] 2014:174, Fig. [Science and Technology journal of Agriculture & Rural Development (Nông Nghiêp & Phát Triên Nông Thôn) 2014 (no. 3-4); ref. 36457] Da River system, Binh Lu commune, Tam Duong district, Lai Chau province, Vietnam. Holotype: RIAH LC.06.02.001. Paratypes: RIAH. •Valid as Garroides binhluensis Nguyen & Vu 2014. Current status: Valid as Garroides binhluensis Nguyen & Vu 2014. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Da River system, Lai Chau province, Vietnam. Habitat: freshwater.

binhluensis, Sinilabeo Nguyen [V. H.] in Nguyen & Ngô 2002:504, Fig. 255 [Freshwater fishes of Viet Nam. Volume I. Family Cyprinidae v. 1; ref. 28301] Bình Lu, Phong Thô, Viêt Nam. Holotype: VNCNTTS I: H.01.92.14.01. Paratypes: VNCNTTS I: H.01.92.14.02 (2). •Questionably valid as Bangana binhluensis (Nguyen 2002) -- (Kottelat 2013:75 [ref. 32989]). •Questionably valid as Altigena binhluensis (Nguyen 2002) -- (Kottelat 2017:494 [ref. 35262]). Current status: Valid as Altigena binhluensis (Nguyen 2002). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: rivers in Phong Thô County, Lai Châu Province, Vietnam. Habitat: freshwater.

binotatus, Barbus Valenciennes [A.] (ex Kuhl) in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1842:168 (195) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 16; ref. 1009] Bogor, Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Syntypes: RMNH 2455 (3). Type information: Roberts 1993:21 [ref. 21799]. Spelled binolatus by Bardach 1959:11c [ref. 24621]. Simultaneous synonym of binotatus Valenciennes; Bleeker 1855:408 gave precedence to binotatus. •Valid as Barbus binotatus Valenciennes 1842 -- (Roberts 1989:60 [ref. 6439], Lim et al. 1990:36 [ref. 16753], Roberts 1993:21 [ref. 21799]). •Valid as Systomus binotatus (Valenciennes 1842) -- (Rainboth 1996:103 [ref. 22772], Ng & Tan 1999:355 [ref. 24159]). •Valid as Puntius binotatus (Valenciennes 1842) -- (Talwar & Jhingran 1991:260 [ref. 20764], Kottelat et al. 1993:42 [ref. 23448], Doi 1997:11 [ref. 22832], Kottelat 2000:49 [ref. 25040], Doi 2000:396 [ref. 25097], Doi et al. 2001:15 [ref. 25691]). •Valid as Barbodes binotatus (Valenciennes 1842) -- (Kottelat 2013:77 [ref. 32989], Ng et al. 2019:521 [ref. 36606] as aff. binotatus, Ren et al. 2020:[6] [ref. 37805], Sobri et al. 2021:[3] 658 [ref. 38823], Tan & Husana 2021:319 [ref. 38614], Kottelat & Lim 2021:532 [ref. 38873], Hasan et al. 2022:6035 [ref. 39888], Jamaluddin et al. 2022:[5] [ref. 39245], Jamandre 2023:164 [ref. 40455]). Current status: Valid as Barbodes binotatus (Valenciennes 1842). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Java (Indonesia); Palawan and Mindanao (Philippines). Habitat: freshwater.

binotatus, Leuciscus Blyth [E.] 1858:290 [Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal v. 27 (no. 3); ref. 476] Sri Lanka. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. Secondarily preoccupied by Barbus binotatus Valenciennes 1842, replaced by Barbus tetraspilus Günther 1868 (see Pethiyagoda et al. 2008:212 [ref. 29986]). •Objective synonym of Barbus tetraspilus Günther 1868 and a species inquirenda in Puntius -- (Pethiyagoda et al. 2008:201, 211 [ref. 29986]). 2°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Puntius tetraspilus (Günther 1868). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Habitat: freshwater.

birostris, Garra Nebeshwar [K.] & Vishwanath [W.] 2013:104, Fig. 5 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 24 (no. 2); ref. 33006] Papum Pare district, Dikrong River at Doimukh, Brahmaputra basin, 27°08'19"N, 93°44'51"E, Arunachal Pradesh, India. Holotype: MUMF 4302. Paratypes: MUMF 4303 (5); RGUMF 0077 (5), 0078 (5), 0080 (5). •Valid as Garra birostris Nebeshwar & Vishwanath 2013 -- (Arunachalam et al. 2014:65 [ref. 33404], Arunachalam & Nandagopal 2014:49 [ref. 33405], Shangningam & Vishwanath 2015:271 [ref. 34052], Gurumayum & Kosygin 2016:92 [ref. 34491], Thoni et al. 2016:122 [ref. 34747] dated 2014, Roni et al. 2017:373 [ref. 35205], Nebeshwar & Vishwanath 2017:49 [ref. 35484], Roni & Vishwanath 2017:134 [ref. 35625], Premananda et al. 2017:196 [ref. 35861], Roni & Vishwanath 2018:271 [ref. 35749], Gong et al. 2018:380 [ref. 36379], Moyon & Arunkumar 2018:113 [ref. 36388], Tamang et al. 2019:69 [ref. 36496], Roni et al. 2019:551 [ref. 36796], Rath et al. 2019:495 [ref. 36896], Ezung et al. 2020:1336 [ref. 37760], Nebeshwar et al. 2024:195 [ref. 40865]). Current status: Valid as Garra birostris Nebeshwar & Vishwanath 2013. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: South Asia: upper Brahmaputra River basin, India and Bhutan. Habitat: freshwater.

birtwistlei, Puntius Herre [A. W. C. T.] 1940:32 [Bulletin of the Raffles Museum No. 16; ref. 11006] Chenderoh Dam, Perak, Malaysia. Lectotype: CAS-SU 14172. Paralectotypes: CAS-SU 14173 (5), ZRC 555 (1). Type catalog: Alfred 1970:71 [ref. 23931], Böhlke 1953:37 [ref. 12291]. Lectotype selected by Böhlke 1953:37 [ref. 12291]. •Valid as Poropuntius birtwistlei (Herre 1940) -- (Doi 1997:10 [ref. 22832]). •Valid as Hypsibarbus birtwistlei (Herre 1940) -- (Rainboth 1996:62 [ref. 22681], Doi 1997:6 [ref. 22832], Kottelat 2013:112 [ref. 32989], Ng et al. 2019:523 [ref. 36606]). Current status: Valid as Hypsibarbus birtwistlei (Herre 1940). Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Malaya (Malaysia). Habitat: freshwater.

birunii, Capoeta Zareian [H.] & Esmaeili [H. R.] 2017:261, Figs. 27-28 [Iranian Journal of Ichthyology v. 4 (no. 3); ref. 36090] Daran River near Daran, Zayandehrud basin, Esfahan Province, Iran, 32°49'25.8"N, 50°25'47.4"E. Holotype: ZM-CBSU Z650. Paratypes: ZM-CBSU. •Valid as Capoeta birunii Zareian & Esmaeili 2017 -- (Esmaeili et al. 2018:18 [ref. 36089], Çiçek et al. 2024:155 [ref. 40789]). •Synonym of Capoeta coadi Alwan, Zareian & Esmaeili 2016 -- (Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:42 [ref. 37983]). Current status: Synonym of Capoeta coadi Alwan, Zareian & Esmaeili 2016. Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Habitat: freshwater.

bisangularis, Garra Chen [Z.-M.], Wu [X.-Y.] & Xiao [H.] 2010:381, Figs. 1-2 [Journal of Xinyang Normal University (Natural Science Edition) v. 23 (no. 3); ref. 31033] Luosuo River, a tributary flowing into the Lancangjiang River (upper Mekong) drainage in Mengala County, Yunnan Province, China. Holotype (unique): KI 20080728001. •Valid as Garra bisangularis Chen, Wu & Xiao 2010 -- (Nebeshwar & Vishwanath 2017:25 [ref. 35484], Shangningam et al. 2019:153 [ref. 37109]). •Synonym of Garra fasciacauda Fowler 1937 -- (Kottelat 2013:104 [ref. 32989] with question, Zhang et al. 2016:110 [ref. 34477]). •Synonym of Ceratogarra fasciacauda (Fowler 1937). Current status: Synonym of Ceratogarra fasciacauda (Fowler 1937). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Luosuo River, upper Mekong River basin, Yunnan, China (if valid). Habitat: freshwater.

biscarensis, Barbus Boulenger [G. A.] 1911:108, Fig. 85 [Catalogue of the fresh-water fishes of Africa v. 2; ref. 579] Algeria. Syntype: BMNH 1856.9.2.14.b (1). Boulenger's style in this work normally was to exclude young from the type series and list adults as "types", but in this species he did not denote a type or types, so all are regarded as syntypes; the use of "Type" with figures was not used in the sense to denote one type. •Synonym of Barbus callensis Valenciennes 1842 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:235 [ref. 6186]). •Valid as Luciobarbus biscarensis (Boulenger 1911) -- (Levin et al. 2012:544 [ref. 33912], Geiger et al. 2014:Table S2 [ref. 37408], Brahimi et al. 2017:32 [ref. 35360], Brahimi et al. 2018:557 [ref. 35974], Freyhof et al. 2020:5 [ref. 37614]). Current status: Valid as Luciobarbus biscarensis (Boulenger 1911). Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Distribution: North Africa: Shott Melghir basin, El Hodna (Keddara) lake basin and Chiffa River drainage (Algeria). Habitat: freshwater.

bismargaritus, Discogobio Chu [X.-L.], Cui [G.-H.] & Zhou [W.] 1993:240 (English p. 245), Fig. 2 [Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica v. 18 (no. 2); ref. 21976] Xiyang River, Guangnan County, 24°04'N, 105°03'E, Yunnan Province, China. Holotype: KIZ 776563. Paratypes: (5). Type catalog: Du et al. 2013:349 [ref. 32939]. •Valid as Discogobio bismargaritus Chu, Cui & Zhou 1993 -- (Zhang et al. in Yue 2000:260 [ref. 25272], Zhang & Zhou 2012:24 [ref. 32322] as bismargairtus, Zhang et al. 2016:109 [ref. 34477]). Current status: Valid as Discogobio bismargaritus Chu, Cui & Zhou 1993. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: East Asia: Yunnan (China.). IUCN (2024): Not Assessed. Habitat: freshwater.

bispinosa, Garra Zhang [E] 2005:10, Figs. 1, 2A [Raffles Bulletin of Zoology Suppl. no. 13; ref. 28349] Daying Jiang, a tributary flowing to the Yiluowadi Jiang (Irrawaddy River) basin in Yingjiang, Yunnan Province, China. Holotype: IHASW 78IV1537. Paratypes: IHASW 78IV1459 (1), 1460 (1), 1462-4 (3), 1466-7 (2), 1524-9 (6), 1532 (1), 1534-6 (3), 1538 (1), 1543-5 (3), 1547 (1), 1548-9 (2); ZRC 78IV1542 (1). •Valid as Garra bispinosa Zhang 2005 -- (Zhang 2006:447 [ref. 28912], Li et al. 2008:67 [ref. 29588], Shangningam & Vishwanath 2012:5 [ref. 31861], Kottelat 2013:103 [ref. 32989], Nebeshwar & Vishwanath 2013:110 [ref. 33006], Shangningam & Vishwanath 2015:272 [ref. 34052], Zhang et al. 2016:110 [ref. 34477], Gurumayum & Kosygin 2016:92 [ref. 34491], Yu et al. 2016:295 [ref. 34494], Nebeshwar & Vishwanath 2017:24 [ref. 35484], Sun et al. 2018:55 [ref. 35784], Gong et al. 2018:380 [ref. 36379]). Current status: Valid as Garra bispinosa Zhang 2005. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: East Asia: upper Irrawaddy River basin, Yunnan (China). IUCN (2010): Vulnerable. Habitat: freshwater.

biswasi, Gymnocypris Talwar [P. K.] 1977:501, Fig. 1 [Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society v. 74 (pt 3); ref. 7288] Chushul, Ladakh, northern India. Holotype: ZSI FF1064. Paratypes: ZSI FF1065-66 (1, 9). See Das 2003:358 [ref. 27706] dated 1978. •Synonym of Schizopygopsis stolickai Steindachner 1866 -- (Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:90 [ref. 37983], Çiçek et al. 2024:178 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Schizopygopsis stolickai Steindachner 1866. Cyprinidae: Schizopygopsinae. Habitat: freshwater.

bithynicus, Cyprinus Richardson [J.] 1857:372 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1856 (pt 24) (art. 2); ref. 18632] Lake Apollonia [Apulyont], northwestern Turkey. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1856.5.2.7. •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Kottelat 1997:57 [ref. 22952], Barus et al. in Bănărescu & Paepke 2002:86 [ref. 25856]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

bizonatus, Puntius Vishwanath [W.] & Laisram [J.] 2004:131, Fig. 1 [Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society v. 101 (pt 1); ref. 27863] Lokchao River at Moreh, Manipur, India. Holotype: MUMF 3017. Paratypes: MUMF 3017A (5). Appeared first in Vishwanath 2002:16 [ref. 28194] without designation of a holotype. •Apparently a synonym of Puntius meingangbii Arunkumar & Tombi Singh 2003 -- (Kullander & Fang 2005:297 [ref. 28193]). •Synonym of Puntius meinganbii Arunkumar & Tombi Singh 2003 -- (Kullander & Britz 2008:62 [ref. 29861]). •Valid as Puntius bizonatus Vishwanath & Laisram 2004 -- (Shantakumar & Vishwanath 2006:2279 [ref. 28676], Knight et al. 2012:2414 [ref. 31841]). •Synonym of Pethia meingangbii (Arunkumar & Tombi Singh 2003) -- (Kottelat 2013:141 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Pethia meingangbii (Arunkumar & Tombi Singh 2003). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Lokchao River, Moreh, Yu River drainage, Manipur, India. Habitat: freshwater.

blanci, Barbus (Labeobarbus) Pellegrin [J.] & Fang [P.-W.] 1940:115, Fig. 3 [Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France v. 65 (no. 2); ref. 3418] Ban Nam Khueng, 30 km northwest of Ban Houei Sai, about 6 km from Mekong, Laos. Syntypes: MNHN 1939-0203 to 0205 (3). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:50 [ref. 19574]. •In genus Neolissochilus (Rainboth 1985:31 [ref. 5968]). •Synonym of Neolissochilus stracheyi (Day 1871) -- (Kottelat 2001:61 [ref. 25780]). •Valid as Neolissochilus blanci (Pellegrin & Fang 1940) -- (Rainboth 1996:82 [ref. 22772], Doi 1997:8 [ref. 22832], Kottelat 1998:38 [ref. 23436], Vidthayanon & Kottelat 2003:164 [ref. 26859] with question, Kottelat 2013:127 [ref. 32989], Hoàng et al. 2015:566 [ref. 33936], Kottelat 2015:42 [ref. 33971]). Current status: Valid as Neolissochilus blanci (Pellegrin & Fang 1940). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Distribution: Mekong basin: Laos and Vietnam. Habitat: freshwater.

blanfordii, Discognathus Boulenger [G. A.] 1901:160 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1901, v. 2 (pt 3) (art. 2) (for 4 June 1901); ref. 14746] Stream at Suru and small pool at Amba, about 25 miles north of Massawa, Eritrea. Lectotype: BMNH 1869.11.4.39. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1869.2.8.13 (1) Suru, Abyssinia; 1869.11.4.40-44 (5) Amba; 1872.12.18.3 (1) Abyssinia, 1869.2.8.4-11 (8) near Massowa; MSNM 20 [ex MSNM 4321 and ex BMNH] (1). Type catalog: Conci & Michelangeli 1974:224 [ref. 21560]. Lectotype apparentlyu selected by Stiassny & Getahun 2007:73 [ref. 29119]. •Synonym of Garra quadrimaculata (Rüppell 1835) -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:304 [ref. 6186]). •Valid as Garra blanfordii (Boulenger 1901) -- (Stiassny & Getahun 2007:73 [ref. 29119], Habteselassie et al. 2010:50 [ref. 30774], Moritz et al. 2019:326 [ref. 37196]). Current status: Valid as Garra blanfordii (Boulenger 1901). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Eritrea and Ethiopia. Habitat: freshwater.

bleekeri, Osteochilus Kottelat [M.] 2008:249, Figs. 1-2 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 19 (no. 3); ref. 29975] Sungai Engkayas, 2 kilometers southeast of Sanggau on road to Sintang, Kapuas River drainage, Kalimantan Barat, Borneo. Holotype: MZB 6000 [ex CMK 6740]. Paratypes: CMK 10224 (8), 11724 (2); ZRC 38847 (1). Plus additional non-type material. Complete original description not yet seen. •Valid as Osteochilus bleekeri Kottelat 2008 -- (Kottelat 2013:134 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Valid as Osteochilus bleekeri Kottelat 2008. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Borneo and Sumatra. Habitat: freshwater.

blitonensis, Barbus Bleeker [P.] 1852:96 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 3 (no. 1); ref. 16831] Tjirutjup River, Belitung Island, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Puntius binotatus (Valenciennes 1842) -- (Roberts 1989:60 [ref. 6439]). •Synonym of Barbodes binotatus (Valenciennes 1842) -- (Kottelat 2013:77 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Barbodes binotatus (Valenciennes 1842). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Habitat: freshwater.

blochii, Cirrhina Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1842:290 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 16; ref. 1009] Malabar, India. No types known. Unneeded new name for Cyprinus cirrhosus Bloch 1795. Original genus should have been Cirrhinus. •Objective synonym of Cirrhinus cirrhosus (Bloch 1795) -- (Roberts 1997:177 [ref. 23550], Menon 1999:121 [ref. 24904], Kottelat 2013:88 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Cirrhinus cirrhosus (Bloch 1795). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

blythi, Rohtee Bleeker [P.] 1860:281 [Acta Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Indo-Neêrlandicae v. 7 (art. 2); ref. 380] Based on Systomus microlepis of Blyth 1858:289 (not of Bleeker). •Synonym of Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes 1844) -- (Menon 1999:63 [ref. 24904], Kottelat 2013:134 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes 1844). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Habitat: freshwater.

blythii, Barbus (Barbodes) Day [F.] 1870:555 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1869 (pt 3) (art. 3) (for 25 Nov. 1869); ref. 1077] Tenasserim Province, Myanmar. Holotype (unique): ZSI A.787. Type catalog: Whitehead & Talwar 1976:155 [ref. 23762]. •In genus Neolissochilus (Rainboth 1985:29 [ref. 5968], Doi 1997:8 [ref. 22832]). •Valid as Neolissochilus blythii (Day 1870) -- (Talwar & Jhingran 1991:228 [ref. 20764], Kottelat 2013:127 [ref. 32989], Arunachalam et al. 2017:3 [ref. 35058], Lalramliana et al. 2018:[3] [ref. 35912]). Current status: Valid as Neolissochilus blythii (Day 1870). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Distribution: Myanmar. Habitat: freshwater.

bo, Tylognathus Popta [C. M. L.] 1904:199 [Notes from the Leyden Museum v. 24 (no. 4) (art. 6) (for Oct. 1902); ref. 3547] Bo River, Kapuas River basin, Borneo. Lectotype: RMNH 7588. Paralectotypes: RMNH 27676 (2). Lectotype established by Eschmeyer 1998:243 on unpublished selection by Banarescu. •Valid as Lobocheilos bo (Popta 1904) -- (Roberts 1989:41 [ref. 6439], Kottelat et al. 1993:37 [ref. 23448], Kottelat & Lim 1996:230 [ref. 23210], Doi 1997:7 [ref. 22832], Martin-Smith & Tan 1998:581 [ref. 23647], Kottelat & Widjanarti 2005:151 [ref. 28284], Parenti & Lim 2005:182 [ref. 28285] as cf. bo, Kottelat & Tan 2008:28 [ref. 29715], Kottelat 2013:120 [ref. 32989], Ciccotto & Tan 2018:550 [ref. 35856]). Current status: Valid as Lobocheilos bo (Popta 1904). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Borneo, Indonesia. Habitat: freshwater.

boboi, Barbus Schultz [L. P.] 1942:(318) 325, Pl. 36 (fig. 2) [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 92 (no. 3152); ref. 3956] Gibi Mt. [Mt. Si], Liberia, elevation 900 feet. Holotype: USNM 118740. Paratypes: CAS-SU 66582 [ex USNM 118741] (3), 66583 [ex SNM 118742] (3); USNM 118741 (orig. 33, now 30), 118742 (orig. 42, now 39), 118743 (1). •Valid as Barbus boboi Schultz 1942 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:231 [ref. 6186], Lévêque 1989:197 [ref. 13471], Lévêque in Lévêque et al. 1990:340 [ref. 21589], Paugy et al. 1990:338 [ref. 26477]). •Valid as Enteromius boboi (Schultz 1942) -- (Yang et al. 2015:112 [ref. 33694], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:352 [ref. 35417]). Current status: Valid as Enteromius boboi (Schultz 1942). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: West Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

bobree, Varicorhinus Sykes [W. H.] 1839:159 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1838 (pt 6) (for 27 Nov. 1838); ref. 18720] Deccan, India. No types known. Appeared first as above, then in Sykes 1839:56 [ref. 4306]; more complete treatment in Sykes 1841:355, Pl. 61 (fig. 3) [ref. 18868]. •Synonym of Labeo fimbriatus (Bloch 1795) -- (Menon 1999:133 [ref. 24904], Jayaram & Dhas 2000:78 [ref. 25342]). Current status: Synonym of Labeo fimbriatus (Bloch 1795). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater.

bocagei, Barbus Steindachner [F.] 1864:3 [Catalogue préliminaire des poissons d'eau douce de Portugal, conservés au Muséum d'Histoire naturelle de Lisbonne.; ref. 21708] Portugal. Syntypes: (many) MSNM 17 [ex MSNM 4657 and ex NMW] (1) Zamora; NMW 3362-68 (7), 5311 (1), 5876 (1), 18580 (2), 53763 (2), 53779-88 (2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 1), 53791-803 (1, 1, 11, 1, 2, 2, 1, 3, 1, 1, 2, 1), 53804-19 (33 spec., 16 lots), 53820 (?), 53812-23 (4, 1, 1), 53825 (?), 53826 (?), plus more at NMW. Type catalog: Conci & Michelangeli 1974:223 [ref. 21560]. Appeared in more detail in Steindachner 1865:1 [ref. 13939]. Also in Steindachner 1866:7 [ref. 18757]. •Valid as Barbus bocagei Steindachner 1864 -- (Kottelat 1997:48 [ref. 22952], Bianco 1998:127 [ref. 23811], Miranda & Escala 2000:197 [ref. 24798], Tsigenopoulos & Berrebi 2000:169 [ref. 25489], Almaça & Bănărescu Bănărescu & Bogutskaya 2003:99 [ref. 27353]). •Valid as Luciobarbus bocagei (Steindachner 1864) -- (Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:135 [ref. 29996], Levin et al. 2012:544 [ref. 33912], Doadrio et al. 2016:4 [ref. 34185], Doadrio et al. 2016:5 [ref. 34978]). Current status: Valid as Luciobarbus bocagei (Steindachner 1864). Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Distribution: Spain and Portugal. Habitat: freshwater.

bocourti, Puntius (Barbodes) Bleeker [P.] 1864:35 [Nederlandsch Tijdschrift voor de Dierkunde v. 2; ref. 17029] Not available, name only; also in Bleeker 1865:176 [ref. 413] as name only. Sauvage 1881:163 [ref. 18672] treated the name in the synonymy of Puntius altus Günther; from Thailand. Nomen Nudum. Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae.

boga, Cyprinus Hamilton [F.] 1822:286, 386, Pl. 28 (fig. 80) [An account of the fishes found in the river Ganges; ref. 2031] Goyalpara, Brahmaputra River, India. No types known. Information on type locality see Britz 2019:44 [ref. 37532]. Hamilton's original illustration reproduced by Britz 2019:Pl. 168 [ref. 37532]. •Valid as Labeo boga (Hamilton 1822) -- (Shrestha 1978:35 [ref. 15970], Ataur Rahman 1989:120 [ref. 24860], Talwar & Jhingran 1991:200 [ref. 20764], Indra 1994:413 [ref. 24015], Sen 1995:506 [ref. 23778], Menon 1999:127 [ref. 24904], Rafique 2000:323 [ref. 25220], Mirza 2000:355 [ref. 25207], Jayaram & Dhas 2000:109 [ref. 25342], Karmakar 2000:28 [ref. 25662], Mirza 2003:7 [ref. 27265], Ataur Rahman 2003:138 [ref. 31338], Shrestha 2008:68 [ref. 29923], Conway et al. 2011:1755 [ref. 31594], Kottelat 2013:115 [ref. 32989], Arunkumar & Manimekalan 2018:1739 [ref. 36172], Suresh et al. 2018:99 [ref. 36495], Bleher 2018:578 [ref. 36647], Ciccotto & Page 2020:499 [ref. 37710], Kosygin et al. 2022:651 [ref. 40736]). Current status: Valid as Labeo boga (Hamilton 1822). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: South Asia: Pakistan, India, Nepal, Bangladesh and Myanmar. Habitat: freshwater.

boggut, Chondrostoma Sykes [W. H.] 1839:160 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1838 (pt 6) (for 27 Nov. 1838); ref. 18720] Deccan, India. No types known. Appeared first as above, then in Sykes 1839:57 [ref. 4306]; more complete treatment in Sykes 1841:359 [ref. 18868]. •Possibly in the genus Bangana Hamilton 1822 -- (Kottelat 2017:494 [ref. 35262]). •Valid as Labeo boggut (Sykes 1839) -- (Ataur Rahman 1989:116 [ref. 24860], Talwar & Jhingran 1991:201 [ref. 20764], Singh & Yazdani 1993:199 [ref. 24022], Menon 1999:128 [ref. 24904], Rafique 2000:323 [ref. 25220], Jayaram & Dhas 2000:16 [ref. 25342], Mirza 2003:7 [ref. 27265], Yadav 2003:10 [ref. 27711] as Labes boggut, Ataur Rahman 2003:133 [ref. 31338], Ahmed et al. 2013:285 [ref. 32872], Lal et al. 2016:19 [ref. 34149], Arunkumar & Manimekalan 2018:1739 [ref. 36172], Bleher 2018:577 [ref. 36647], Kosygin et al. 2022:651 [ref. 40736]). Current status: Valid as Labeo boggut (Sykes 1839). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: South Asia: Pakistan, India and Bangladesh. Habitat: freshwater.

boides, Tylognathus Popta [C. M. L.] 1906:119 [Notes from the Leyden Museum v. 27; ref. 18569] Bo River, Kalimantan Timur, Indonesia. Holotype: RMNH 7588. Non-types: RMNH 27676 (2). Species originally as boïdes. •Synonym of Lobocheilos bo (Popta 1904) -- (Kottelat & Tan 2008:28 [ref. 29715], Kottelat 2013:120 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Lobocheilos bo (Popta 1904). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater.

bolovenensis, Poropuntius Roberts [T. R.] 1998:124, Figs. 5-6 [Natural History Bulletin of the Siam Society v. 46 (no. 1); ref. 23549] Xe Nam Noi, 300 meters downstream from primary dam site of Xe Nam Noi-Xe-Pian, Bolovens Plateau, Sekong watershead, southern Laos. Lectotype: CAS 94251. Paralectotypes: CAS 94252-54 (110, 1, 89); plus specimens listed under the other 3 morphs. Described as a species on p. 124, as the first of 4 trinominal morphs on p. 125. Roberts states (p. 124), "In this paper intraspecific trophic morphs are formally described and named as species-level trinominals." It appears Roberts apparently attempted to make these trinominal names fall within the Code of Zoological Nomenclature; but the third name in a trinomen must not be a morph. Roberts even states on p. 125, ..only in the nominate morph or subspecies of (P. bolovenensis). These morphs are considered infrasubspecific and unavailable by Kottelat 2000:46 [ref. 25040], but they were available infrasubspecific names under the Code in force in 1998, but they apparently were not validly treated as a subspecies or species in time to be available under the 2000 edition of the Code. Lectotype established by Kottelat 2000:46 [ref. 25040] who considered all specimens of the morphs as syntypes but selected Roberts' "Holotype" for the morph bolovenensis as the lectotype. Kottelat 2000 [ref. 25040] provided new names for two of Roberts' morphs, but retained the same types. •Valid as Poropuntius bolovenensis Roberts 1998 -- (Kottelat 2000:46 [ref. 25040], Kottelat 2001:69 [ref. 25780], Kottelat 2013:143 [ref. 32989], Kang et al. 2016: 375 [ref. 40055]). •Synonym of Poropuntius deauratus (Valenciennes 1842) -- (Hoang et al. 2024:211 [ref. 41179]). Current status: Synonym of Poropuntius deauratus (Valenciennes 1842). Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater.

bomokandi, Barbus Myers [G. S.] 1924:397 [Revue de Zoologie Africaine v. 12 (pt 3); ref. 3090] Poko, Bomokandi River, Democratic Republic of Congo, 3°08'60"N, 26°52'60"E. Holotype (unique): AMNH 6328. Replacement name for Barbus rubripinnis Nichols & Griscom 1917 [ref. 3185], preoccupied by Barbus rubripinnis Valenciennes 1842. •Synonym of Barbus pleuropholis Boulenger 1899 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:281 [ref. 6186]). •Valid as Clypeobarbus bomokandi (Myers 1924) -- (Conway & Stiassny 2008:263 [ref. 29761], Stiassny & Sakharva 2016:1409 [ref. 34176], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:351 [ref. 35417], Manda et al. 2019:13 [ref. 37046], Munene et al. 2021:22 [ref. 39283]). Replacement Name. Current status: Valid as Clypeobarbus bomokandi (Myers 1924). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Central Africa: Congo River basin (Democratic Republic of Congo and Republic of Congo). Habitat: freshwater.

bonvaloti, Barbus Vaillant [L. L.] 1893:201 [6] [Bulletin de la Société philomathique de Paris (8th Série) v. 5 (no. 4); ref. 4486] Black River, northern Vietnam. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1892-0262. On p. 6 of separate. •Synonym of Folifer brevifilis (Peters 1881) -- (Ng & Kottelat 2000:851-852 [ref. 25863], Kottelat 2001:23 [ref. 25482], Kottelat 2013:103 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Folifer brevifilis (Peters 1881). Cyprinidae: Acrossocheilinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

borelio, Cyprinus Hamilton [F.] 1822:336, 392 [An account of the fishes found in the river Ganges; ref. 2031] Brahmaputra River, at Gualpara [Goalpara], Assam, India. No types known. Information on type locality see Britz 2019:46 [ref. 37532]. Hamilton's original, unpublished illustration reproduced by Britz 2019:Pl. 204 [ref. 37532]. Cyprinidae. Habitat: freshwater.

borneensis, Discognathus Vaillant [L. L.] 1902:91, Figs. 25-26 [Notes from the Leyden Museum v. 24 (note 1); ref. 4490] Bluu [Bloeoe] River, Mahakam basin, Borneo. Holotype (unique): RMNH 7698. •Valid as Garra borneensis (Vaillant 1902) -- (Roberts 1989:40 [ref. 6439], Kottelat & Lim 1996:230 [ref. 23210], Doi 1997:5 [ref. 22832], Martin-Smith & Tan 1998:580 [ref. 23647], Parenti & Lim 2005:180 [ref. 28285], Kottelat 2013:103 [ref. 32989], Thoni & Mayden 2015:284 [ref. 33873], Nebeshwar & Vishwanath 2017:25 [ref. 35484]). Current status: Valid as Garra borneensis (Vaillant 1902). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Borneo. Habitat: freshwater.

borneensis, Rohita Bleeker [P.] 1856:17 [Acta Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Indo-Neêrlandicae v. 2; ref. 13960] Kapuas River at Pontianak, Kalimantn Barat, Borneo. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1866.5.2.173. Original as borneënsis. •Valid as Osteochilus borneensis (Bleeker 1856) -- (Roberts 1989:47 [ref. 6439], Karnasuta 1993:72 [ref. 20700], Kottelat et al. 1993:39 [ref. 23448], Doi 1997:9 [ref. 22832], Kottelat 2013:134 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Valid as Osteochilus borneensis (Bleeker 1856). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Sumatra and Borneo. Habitat: freshwater.

bortschalinicus, Barbus Kamensky [S. N.] 1899:67 [German p. 144], Pl. 6 [Die Cypriniden der Kaukasusländer und ihrer angrenzenden Meere; ref. 14707] Borchala, Kura River basin, Georgia, eastern Asia. Syntypes: (3) not found at ZIN. •Synonym of Barbus lacerta Heckel 1843, subspecies cyri De Filippi 1865 -- (Berg 1949:693 [ref. 20661]). •Synonym of Barbus lacerta Heckel 1843 -- (Coad 1995:12 [ref. 23608], Bogutskaya in Bănărescu & Bogutskaya 2003:251 [ref. 27353]). •Synonym of Barbus cyri De Filippi 1865 -- (Khaefi et al. 2017:96 [ref. 35344], Levin et al. 2019:42 [ref. 36643], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:33 [ref. 37983], Çiçek et al. 2024:147 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Barbus cyri De Filippi 1865. Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Habitat: freshwater.

borysthenicus, Barbus fluviatilis var. Dybowski [B. N.] (ex Kessler) 1862:213 (footnote) [Archiv für die Naturkunde Liv-, Ehst- und Kurlands. Zweiter Serie. Biologische Naturkunde. Dorpat v. 3; ref. 1168] Dnieper River, Ukraine. No types at ZIN. •Synonym of Barbus barbus (Linnaeus 1758), but a valid subspecies as described -- (Berg 1949:689 [ref. 20661], Reshetnikov et al. 1997:735 [ref. 24702], Bogutskaya 1998:87-88 [ref. 23589], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:46 [ref. 28183]). •Synonym of Barbus barbus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:47 [ref. 22952], Parin et al. 2014:70 [ref. 33547]). •Valid as Barbus borysthenicus Dybowski 1862 -- (Bogutskaya et al. 2001:44/ [ref. 26178], Bănărescu et al. in Bănărescu & Bogutskaya 2003:43 [ref. 27353], Dyldin et al. 2020:105 [ref. 37569], Dyldin et al. 2023:[10] [ref. 40328] with question). Current status: Valid as Barbus borysthenicus Dybowski 1862. Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Distribution: Eastern Europe: Ukraine. Habitat: freshwater.

bottegi, Barbus Boulenger [G. A.] 1906:563 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 17 (no. 102) (art. 71); ref. 15648] Southern Ethiopia., elevation 2000-2800 feet. Syntypes: BMNH 1908.1.20.107-108 (2) Omo River at Kullo, 1908.1.20.109 (1) Gibe River, 1937.4.20.66 (1) Omo River at Kullo •Synonym of Barbus intermedius Rüppell 1835 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:253 [ref. 6186]). •Synonym of Labeobarbus intermedius (Rüppell 1835) -- (Vreven et al. 2016:60 [ref. 34168]). Current status: Synonym of Labeobarbus intermedius (Rüppell 1835). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Habitat: freshwater.

bottegi, Labeo Vinciguerra [D.] 1897:358 [16] [Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova (Serie 2) v. 17; ref. 14639] Ganala [Gonala] River at Lugh Ferrandi, tributary of Juba River, Somalia. Lectotype: MSNG 17537:1. Paralectotypes: (many) MSNG 17357:2-5 (4). Type catalog: Tortonese 1961:186 [ref. 10343]. Lectotype selected by Reid 1985:190 [ref. 19189]. •Valid as Labeo bottegi Vinciguerra 1897 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:306 [ref. 6186], Reid 1985:189 [ref. 19189]). Current status: Valid as Labeo bottegi Vinciguerra 1897. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Eastern Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

boulengeri, Labeo Vinciguerra [D.] 1912:299 [7] [Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova (Serie 3). v. 45; ref. 14989] Berber River, tributary to the Ueb River, Somalia. Holotype (unique): MSNG 17363 [ex MSNG 2068] (dry, poor condition). Type catalog: Tortonese 1961:186 [ref. 10343]. On p. 7 of separate. •Valid as Labeo boulengeri Vinciguerra 1912 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:307 [ref. 6186]). •Questionably a synonym of Labeo mesops Günther 1868 -- (Reid 1985:77 [ref. 19189]). Current status: Valid as Labeo boulengeri Vinciguerra 1912. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Ueb River drainage, Somalia. Habitat: freshwater.

boulengeri, Labeobarbus Vreven [E. J.], Musschoot [T.], Snoeks [J.] & Schliewen [U. K.] 2016:30 [Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society v. 177 (no. 2); ref. 34168] Lucala, above the falls on the Lucala River, Angola. Replacement name for Varicorhinus latirostris Boulenger 1910, preoccupied by Labeobarbus latirostris (Keilhack 1908). We use the initials E. J. for the first author. •Valid as Labeobarbus boulengeri Vreven, Musschoot, Snoeks & Schliewen 2016 -- (Skelton 2019:229, 233 [ref. 36564]). Replacement Name. Current status: Valid as Labeobarbus boulengeri Vreven, Musschoot, Snoeks & Schliewen 2016. Cyprinidae: Torinae. Distribution: Southwestern Africa: Lucala River system and lower Congo River, Angola. Habitat: freshwater.

boulengerii, Barbus Popta [C. M. L.] 1905:172 [Notes from the Leyden Museum v. 25 (no. 4) (art. 15); ref. 3549] Bongan River, Howong River, and Bo River, Borneo. Syntypes: (6) RMNH 7598-7600 (3, 1, 2). •Synonym of Puntius collingwoodii (Günther 1868) -- (Roberts 1989:62 [ref. 6439]). •Synonym of Barbonymus collingwoodii (Günther 1868) -- (Kottelat 2013:81 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Barbonymus collingwoodii (Günther 1868). Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater.

bouramensis, Barbus moulouyensis var. Pellegrin [J.] 1939:532 [Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Série 2) v. 11 (no. 6); ref. 18817] Source of the Aïn Bouram River, 300 meters from the Ksiba to Taghzirt trail, Morocco. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1939-0121. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:40 [ref. 19574], Almaça 1969:1136-1137 [ref. 20712]. •Synonym of Barbus callensis Valenciennes 1842 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:236 [ref. 6186]). •Synonym of Luciobarbus callensis (Valenciennes 1842) based on generic placement of callensis. •Possibly valid as Luciobarbus bouramensis (Pellegrin 1939) -- (Doadrio et al. 2016:9 [ref. 34978]). Current status: Uncertain as Luciobarbus bouramensis (Pellegrin 1939). Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Distribution: Bouram spring, Morocco. Habitat: freshwater.

bourdariei, Barbus Pellegrin [J.] 1928:374 [6], Fig. [Comptes-Rendus des Séances, Académie des Sciences Coloniales, Paris v. 12 (for 1928) 1929; ref. 16513] Lake Monoun, Cameroon. Syntypes: MNHN 1928-0062 to 0064 (3). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:37 [ref. 19574]. On p. 6 of separate. Also appeared in Pellegrin 1928:313 [ref. 15869]. •Valid as Barbus bourdariei Pellegrin 1928 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:231 [ref. 6186], De Weirdt et al. 2007:477 [ref. 30024]). •Valid as Enteromius bourdariei (Pellegrin 1928) -- (Yang et al. 2015:112 [ref. 33694], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:352 [ref. 35417]). Current status: Valid as Enteromius bourdariei (Pellegrin 1928). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: West-central Africa: Cameroon. Habitat: freshwater.

bourreti, Discognathus Pellegrin [J.] 1928:340 [Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France v. 53 (no. 5); ref. 15870] Claire River, Tonkin. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1928-0209. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:55 [ref. 19574]. •Synonym of Garra orientalis Nichols 1925 -- (Wu et al. 1977:379 [ref. 4807], Mai 1978:53 [ref. 13511], Zhang et al. in Yue 2000:240 [ref. 25272]). •See Kottelat 2000:42 [ref. 25040]. •Valid as Garra bourreti (Pellegrin 1928) -- (Kottelat 2001:24 [ref. 25482], Zhang & Chen 2002:462 [ref. 26897], Li et al. 2008:62 [ref. 29588], Kottelat 2013:103 [ref. 32989], Nguyen et al. 2015:902 [ref. 36430], Nebeshwar & Vishwanath 2017:25 [ref. 35484]). Current status: Valid as Garra bourreti (Pellegrin 1928). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Red River basin, Vietnam. Habitat: freshwater.

bovanicus, Barbus Day [F.] 1877:[566], Pl. 138 (fig. 1) [The fishes of India Part 3; ref. 4886] Bowany River, base of Neilgherry hills, Madras, India. Syntypes and/or Day specimens: AMS B.7829 (1, syntype), BMNH 1889.2.1.549-550 (2), NMW 53964 (1), ZSI F2384 (1). Type catalog: Whitehead & Talwar 1976:155 [ref. 23762], Ferraris et al. 2000:295 [ref. 25110]. The plate was published first (1877) with the spelling bovianicus; bovanicus in the text (p. 566) in 1878. Named for the Bhavani [Bowany in Day] River, so bovianicus is regarded as probably in error. The spelling bovanicus was given precedence by Pethiyagoda et al. 2012:00 [ref. 32071]. •Valid as Puntius bovanicus (Day 1877) -- (Talwar & Jhingran 1991:261 [ref. 20764], Manimekalan 1998:435 [ref. 24989]). •Valid as Barbodes bovanicus (Day 1877) -- (Menon 1999:68 [ref. 24904], Bleher 2018:334 [ref. 36647]). Current status: Valid as Barbodes bovanicus (Day 1877). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Upper Bhavani and Krishna River basins, southern India. Habitat: freshwater.

bovianus, Gobio Jerdon [T. C.] 1849:307 [Madras Journal of Literature and Science v. 15 (pt 2); ref. 4902] Bhowany, tributary of Cavery River, southern India. No types known. •Synonym of Labeo ariza (Hamilton 1807) -- (Menon 1999:126 [ref. 24904]). •Synonym of Gymnostomus ariza (Hamilton 1807). Current status: Synonym of Gymnostomus ariza (Hamilton 1807). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater.

bowkeri, Barbus Boulenger [G. A.] 1902:288 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 9 (no. 52) (art. 48); ref. 18305] Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Syntypes: BMNH 1862.8.28.3-8 (? now 5), 1874.3.5.1-2 (2), 1894.7.10.4 (1). •Synonym of Barbus natalensis Castelnau 1861 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:272 [ref. 6186]). •Synonym of Labeobarbus natalensis (Castelnau 1861) -- (Vreven et al. 2016:65 [ref. 34168]). Current status: Synonym of Labeobarbus natalensis (Castelnau 1861). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Habitat: freshwater.

brachycephalus, Barbus Kessler [K. F.] 1872:52 [8], Pl. 7 (figs. 9-11) [Izvestiia Imperatorskago Obschchestva Liubitelei Estestvozaniia, Antropologii i Etnografii v. 10 (no. 1); ref. 14134] Syr-Darya River, central Asia. Syntypes: NMW 53971-73 (1, 2, 1); ZIN 5759 (1, not found in 2000), 5878 (1, not found in 1996 or 2000). Type catalog: Svetovidova 1978:261 [ref. 9011]. On p. 8 of separate. •Valid as Barbus brachycephalus Kessler 1872 -- (Berg 1949:702 [ref. 20661], Coad 1995:11 [ref. 23608], Coad 1981:9 [ref. 22348], Coad 1996:84 [ref. 25304], Reshetnikov et al. 1997:735 [ref. 24702], Bogutskaya 1998:88 [ref. 23589], Coad 1998:102 [ref. 23869], Bogutskaya et al. 2001:44 [ref. 26178], Ryabov 2002:794 [ref. 26575], Bogutskaya in Bănărescu & Bogutskaya 2003:113 [ref. 27353]). •Valid as Barbus brachycephalus Kessler 1872, as a valid subspecies brachycephalus Kessler 1872 -- (Mitrofanov et al. 1988:24 [ref. 37734]). •Valid as Luciobarbus brachycephalus (Kessler 1872) -- (Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:49 [ref. 28183], Fricke et al. 2007:42 [ref. 29533], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:136 [ref. 29996], Turan et al. 2008:41 [ref. 29741], Esmaeili et al. 2010:370 [ref. 33391], Levin et al. 2012:544 [ref. 33912], Esmaeili et al. 2017:51 [ref. 35254], Esmaeili et al. 2018:31 [ref. 36089], Dyldin et al. 2020:80 [ref. 37569], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:81 [ref. 37983], Kaya et al. 2020:328 [ref. 37582], Kuljanishvili et al. 2020:[4] [ref. 37535], Çiçek et al. 2023:24 [ref. 40326], Dyldin et al. 2023:[12] [ref. 40328], Çiçek et al. 2024:167 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Luciobarbus brachycephalus (Kessler 1872). Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Distribution: Eurasia: Aral Sea and western and southern Caspian Sea; anadromous. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

brachygramma, Barbus Boulenger [G. A.] 1915:166 [Revue de Zoologie Africaine v. 4 (fasc. 2); ref. 15086] Tributary of Lukinda River. Lectotype: MRAC 12698. Paralectotypes: MRAC 12699 (1). Lectotype selected by Seegers 1996:98 [ref. 23725]. Species epithet a noun in apposition, therefore correct as brachygramma. •Valid as Barbus brachygramma Boulenger 1915 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:231 [ref. 6186], Seegers 1996:98, 376 [ref. 23725] as aff. brachygramma). •Valid as Enteromius brachygramma (Boulenger 1915) -- (Yang et al. 2015:112 [ref. 33694], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:352 [ref. 35417]). Current status: Valid as Enteromius brachygramma (Boulenger 1915). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Central Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

brachynemus, Barbus Bleeker [P.] 1849:18 [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 23 (no. 12); ref. 16883] Kalimas River, Surabaya, Java, Indonesia. Syntypes: ?RMNH. •Synonym of Barbichthys laevis (Valenciennes 1842) -- (Roberts 1989:30 [ref. 6439], Kottelat 2013:76 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Barbichthys laevis (Valenciennes 1842). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater.

brachynotopteroides, Osteochilus Chevey [P.] 1934:34, Figs. 2-3 [Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Série 2) v. 6 (no. 1); ref. 16417] Lake Kontum, Pleiku, Annam, Vietnam, elevation 500 meters. No types known. Original as brachynotoptéroïdes. •Valid as Osteochilus brachynotopteroides Chevey 1934 -- (Karnasuta 1993:27 [ref. 20700], Rainboth 1996:115 [ref. 22772], Doi 1997:9 [ref. 22832], Kottelat 2013:134 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Valid as Osteochilus brachynotopteroides Chevey 1934. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Southeast Asia. Habitat: freshwater.

brachynotopterus, Rohita Bleeker [P.] 1855:266 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 9 (no. 2); ref. 351] Lahat, Palembang Province, Sumatra, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1866.5.2.171. •Synonym of Osteochilus microcephalus (Valenciennes 1842) -- (Roberts 1989:50 [ref. 6439], Karnasuta 1993:20 [ref. 20700], Kottelat 2013:135 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Osteochilus microcephalus (Valenciennes 1842). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater.

brachyphysallidos, Discogobio Huang [S.-Y.] 1989:358 [361], Fig. 4 [Zoological Research v. 10 (no. 4); ref. 17676] Yiliang, Luopin, Yunnan Province, China. Syntypes: KIZ uncat. (23). Type catalog: Du et al. 2013:349 [ref. 32939]. English description on p. 361. •Valid as Discogobio brachyphysallidos Huang 1989 -- (Chu et al. 1993:243 [ref. 21976], Zhang et al. in Yue 2000:259 [ref. 25272], Zhou et al. 2005:448 [ref. 28432], Zheng & Zhou 2008:256 [ref. 29027], Zhang & Zhou 2012:24 [ref. 32322] as branchyphysalloides, Kottelat 2013:100 [ref. 32989], Zhang et al. 2016:109 [ref. 34477]). •Synonym of Discogobio yunnanensis (Regan 1907) -- (Zhang et al. 2019:286 [ref. 36699]). Current status: Valid as Discogobio brachyphysallidos Huang 1989. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Upper Yangtze River basin, Yunnan Province, China. Habitat: freshwater.

brachypoma, Labeo Günther [A.] 1868:50 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 7; ref. 1990] Lagos, Nigeria. Lectotype: BMNH 1866.3.8.13. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1866.3.8.14-17 (4). Lectotype selected by Reid 1985:162 [ref. 19189]. •Valid as Labeo brachypoma Günther 1868 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:307 [ref. 6186], Reid 1985:162 [ref. 19189], Lévêque in Lévêque et al. 1990:296 [ref. 21589]). •Mention -- (Paugy et al. 1990:338 [ref. 26477]). Current status: Valid as Labeo brachypoma Günther 1868. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: West Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

brachypterus, Gonorhynchus McClelland [J.] 1839:283, 374 [Asiatic Researches v. 19 (pt 2); ref. 2923] Mishmee Mountains. No types known. •Synonym of Garra rupicola (McClelland 1839) -- (Menon 1999:151 [ref. 24904] as rupecola). Current status: Synonym of Garra rupicola (McClelland 1839). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater.

bramoides, Barbus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1842:160 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 16; ref. 1009] Java, Indonesia. Syntypes and Valenciennes specimens: ?SMF 2584 [ex RMNH] (1, dry), 2595 [ex RMNH] (1, dry). Type information: Roberts 1993:21 [ref. 21799]. Simultaneous synonym of balleroides and bramoides; Pellegrin 1934:24 gives preference to balleroides. •Valid as Puntius bramoides (Valenciennes 1842) -- (Roberts 1989:61 [ref. 6439], Roberts 1993:21 [ref. 21799]). •Synonym of Barbonymus balleroides (Valenciennes 1842) -- (Kottelat 2013:80 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Barbonymus balleroides (Valenciennes 1842). Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: Southeast Asia. Habitat: freshwater.

brauni, Varicorhinus Pellegrin [J.] 1935:401 [Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines v. 26 (no. 4); ref. 15669] Kanséhété River, tributary to Luhoho, Kivu region, Democratic Republic of Congo (±2°05'S, 28°30'E). Syntypes: MNHN 1935-0066 (1); MRAC 42933 (1). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:46 [ref. 19574]. •Valid as Varicorhinus brauni Pellegrin 1935 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:337 [ref. 6186], Getahun et al. 2004:159 [ref. 27830]). •Valid as Labeobarbus brauni (Pellegrin 1935) -- (Vreven et al. 2016:56 [ref. 34168], Kiselkewa et al. 2020:[8] 707 [ref. 38315]). Current status: Valid as Labeobarbus brauni (Pellegrin 1935). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Distribution: Central Africa: Luhoho River system (Democratic Republic of Congo). Habitat: freshwater.

brazzai, Barbus Pellegrin [J.] 1901:330 [Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Série 1) v. 7 (no. 7); ref. 14887] Sangha River at Mobaka, Upper Congo. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1886-0404. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:30 [ref. 19574]. •Valid as Barbus brazzai Pellegrin 1901 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:231 [ref. 6186], De Vos 1995 [ref. 22104], Kamdem Toham & Teugels 1997:51 [ref. 22814], De Weirdt et al. 2007:479 [ref. 30024]). •Valid as Enteromius brazzai (Pellegrin 1901) -- (Armbruster et al. 2015:[4] [ref. 34099], Van Ginneken et al. 2017:27 [ref. 35381], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:352 [ref. 35417], Fermon et al. 2022:138 [ref. 39448], Ilodiri et al. 2024:17 [ref. 41618]). Current status: Valid as Enteromius brazzai (Pellegrin 1901). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Western-central Africa: Gabon south to Democratic Republic of Congo, including Congo River basin. Habitat: freshwater.

bredoi, Varicorhinus Poll [M.] 1948:9, Figs. 1-2 [Bulletin du Musée Royal d'Histoire Naturelle de Belgique v. 24 (no. 21); ref. 13069] Mwena River, affluent of the Lufira River, Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype: IRSNB 76. Paratypes: IRSNB 77 (2). Type catalog: Walschaerts 1987:13 [ref. 20755], Derijst 1991:72 [ref. 21528]. •Synonym of Barbus trachypterus Boulenger 1915 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:292 [ref. 6186]). •Synonym of Labeobarbus trachypterus (Boulenger 1915) based on placement of trachypterus. Current status: Synonym of Labeobarbus trachypterus (Boulenger 1915). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Habitat: freshwater.

breijeri, Barbus Weber [M.] 1897:154 [Zoologische Jahrbücher, Abteilung für Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere (Jena) v. 10; ref. 14640] Pretoria, Transvaal [now Gauteng], South Africa. Lectotype: ZMA 100257. Paralectotypes: NMW 53975 (1), ZMA 100257a (4). Type catalog: Matthes 1964:180 [ref. 19237], Nijssen et al. 1982:26 [ref. 19236]. Spelled breyeri in literature, the ij equivalent to Latin y. Lectotype selected by Matthes 1964:180 [ref. 19237]. •Synonym of Barbus trimaculatus Peters 1852 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:293 [ref. 6186] as breiyeri). •Synonym of Enteromius trimaculatus (Peters 1852) -- (Hayes & Armbruster 2017:356 [ref. 35417]). Current status: Synonym of Enteromius trimaculatus (Peters 1852). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Habitat: freshwater.

brevibarba, Hongshuia Zeng [Z.-X.], Shao [W.-H.], Jin [Z.-J.] & Zhang [E] 2022:3, Figs. 1, 2a, 3a [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 31 (no. 2): IEF-1184; ref. 39775] Stream to the Qingshui-He flowing into the Wu-Jiang, upper Chang-Jiang basin, Baishuihe Village, Wudang District of Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, China, 26°46'N, 106°55'E. Holotype: IHB 202006048859. Paratypes: IHB 202006048860-61 (2), 201909300001-10 (10). •Valid as Hongshuia brevibarba Zeng, Shao, Jin & Zhang 2022. Current status: Valid as Hongshuia brevibarba Zeng, Shao, Jin & Zhang 2022. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: East Asia: Qingshui-He drainage, upper Chang-Jiang basin, Guizhou Province, China. Habitat: freshwater.

brevibarba, Onychostoma Song [X.-L.], Cao [L.] & Zhang [E] 2018:154, Figs. 1, 2a [Zootaxa 4410 (no. 1); ref. 35890] Tributary on southern bank of Mi Shui discharging into Xiang Jiang of the middle Chang Jiang basin at Hengdong County, Hunan Province, South China, 26°54'7.18"N, 113°04'43.82"E. Holotype: IHB 2011062587. Paratypes: IHB. •Valid as Onychostoma brevibarba Song, Cao & Zhang 2018. Current status: Valid as Onychostoma brevibarba Song, Cao & Zhang 2018. Cyprinidae: Acrossocheilinae. Distribution: Xiang Jiang drainage, Chang Jiang basin, Hunan Province, South China. Habitat: freshwater.

brevibarbatus, Cophecheilus He [A.-Y.], Huang [W.], He [Y.] & Yang [J.] 2015:300, Figs. 1-5 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 25 (no. 4) (for Mar. 2015); ref. 33757] Longbu Spring in Tiandong County village, Potang Town, Guangxi, South China 23°23'08.0"N, 107°15'21.4"E, elevation 269 meters. Holotype: KIZ 20140717001. Paratypes: KIZ. Plus non-type material. •Valid as Cophecheilus brevibarbatus He, Huang, He & Yang 2015. Current status: Valid as Cophecheilus brevibarbatus He, Huang, He & Yang 2015. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Guangxi, China. Habitat: freshwater.

brevibarbatus, Sinocyclocheilus Zhao [Y.-H.], Lan [J.-H.] & Zhang [C.-G.] 2009:204, Fig. 1 [Environmental Biology of Fishes v. 86; ref. 29545] Underground river, Chujiang (Pearl) River basin, Hongshuihe River, Gaoling Town (ca. 24°03'N, 108°02'E), Du'an County, Guangxi Province, China. Holotype: ASIZB [now NZMC] 74228. Paratypes: ASIZB 74229 (1), 93900-04 (5). •Valid as Sinocyclocheilus brevibarbatus Zhao, Lan & Zhang 2009 -- (Zhao et al. 2009:204 [ref. 29545], Romero et al. 2009 [ref. 30522], Zhao et al. 2011:1550 [ref. 31493], Liang et al. 2011:371 [ref. 31561], Ma & Zhao 2012:109 [ref. 34891], Lan et al. 2013:181 [ref. 32910], Ye et al. 2015:42 [ref. 33808], Zhang et al. 2016:99 [ref. 34477], Liu et al. 2018:[7] [ref. 35769] with authors Zhao & Zhang, Lunghi e al. 2019:2 [ref. 37251], Zhao et al. 2021:199 [ref. 39337]). Current status: Valid as Sinocyclocheilus brevibarbatus Zhao, Lan & Zhang 2009. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: East Asia: Gaoling Town, Hongshuihe River basin, Guangxi, China. Habitat: freshwater.

brevibarbis, Barbus Boulenger [G. A.] 1902:431 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 10 (no. 60) (art. 59); ref. 14852] Zegi and Bahardar, Lake Tsana, Ethiopia. Syntypes: BMNH 1902.12.13.295 (1) Zegi, 1902.12.13.296-298 (3) Bahardar; MRAC 160971-72 (2). •Synonym of Barbus intermedius Rüppell 1835 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:252 [ref. 6186]). •Synonym of Labeobarbus intermedius (Rüppell 1835) -- (Vreven et al. 2016:60 [ref. 34168]). Current status: Synonym of Labeobarbus intermedius (Rüppell 1835). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Habitat: freshwater.

brevicauda, Barbus intermedius var. Keilhack [L.] 1908:167 [Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin 1908 (no. 7); ref. 14324] Lake Malawi [Lake Nyasa]. Holotype (unique): ZMB 18167. Also appeared as new in Keilhack 1910:108, Pl. 1, fig. 7 [ref. 32109]. •Synonym of Barbus eurystomus Keilhack 1908 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:243 [ref. 6186]). •Valid as Labeobarbus brevicauda (Keilhack 1908) -- (Snoeks 2004:21 [ref. 28111], Tweddle & Skelton 2008:32 [ref. 29605]). •Synonym of Labeobarbus latirostris (Keilhack 1908) -- (Vreven et al. 2016:30, 61 [ref. 34168]). Current status: Synonym of Labeobarbus latirostris (Keilhack 1908). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Distribution: Lake Malawi, eastern Africa [if valid]. Habitat: freshwater.

brevicauda, Labeo niloticus Holly [M.] 1928:184, Fig. 1 [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 79; ref. 15855] Shari [Chari] River at Fort Archambault [Sarh] [9°08'N, 18°22'E], Chad. Holotype (unique): NMW 13763. Type catalog: Bogutskaya et al. 2022:27 [ref. 39277]. •Synonym of Labeo senegalensis Valenciennes 1842 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:320 [ref. 6186], Reid 1985:73 [ref. 19189], Lévêque in Lévêque et al. 1990:292 [ref. 21589], Lévèque et al. 1991:142 [ref. 31367]). Current status: Synonym of Labeo senegalensis Valenciennes 1842. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater.

brevicauda, Osteochilus Weber [M.] & de Beaufort [L. F.] 1916:138 [Fishes Indo-Australian Archipelago v. 3; ref. 4604] Kapuas River at Putus Sibau and Putus Genting, Borneo, Indonesia. Syntypes: AMNH 9273 (1, lost in mail in 1981); ZMA 100167 (1), 112675 (14). Type catalog: Nijssen et al. 1982:32 [ref. 19236]. Holotype apparaently not distinguishable; regarded by ZMA as syntypes. •Synonym of Osteochilus kappenii (Bleeker 1856) -- (Roberts 1989:49 [ref. 6439], Karnasuta 1993:65 [ref. 20700], Kottelat 2013:135 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Osteochilus kappenii (Bleeker 1856). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater.

brevicephalus, Barbus Nagelkerke [L. A. J.] & Sibbing [F. A.] 1997:131, Fig. 5.5 [A revision of the large barbs; ref. 23829] Yigashu (locality 10), Lake Tana, Ethiopia (11°40'N, 37°25'E). Holotype: RMNH 32880. Paratypes: RMNH 32881-89 (9, five localities). •Valid as Barbus brevicephalus Nagelkerke & Sibbing 1997 -- (Nagelkerke & Sibbing 1998:5 [ref. 23807], Nagelkerke & Sibbing 2000:191 [ref. 24546]). •Valid as Labeobarbus brevicephalus (Nagelkerke & Sibbing 1997) -- (de Graaf et al. 2010:340 [ref. 34085], Nagelkerke et al. 2015:1198 [ref. 34084], Vreven et al. 2016:56 [ref. 34168], Beshera et al. 2016:377 [ref. 34343], Beshera et al. 2023:190 [ref. 40418]). Current status: Valid as Labeobarbus brevicephalus (Nagelkerke & Sibbing 1997). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Distribution: East Africa: Lake Tana and tributaries (Ethiopia). Habitat: freshwater.

brevicephalus, Onychostoma Mai [D. Y.] (ex Hao & Hoa) 1978:42, Fig. 17 [Identification of the fresh-water fishes of North Viet Nam v. 1; ref. 13511] Mountain streams of northwestern Vietnam. Syntypes: DVZUT. Apparently unavailable from Hao & Hoa 1969 according to Kottelat 1989:1102 [ref. 14361], but Kottelat 2001 [ref. 25482] reversed this interpretation and dated to Nguyen & Doan [= Hao & Hoa] 1969. •See account of Onychostoma brevicephalus Nguyen & Doan 1969. •In the synonymy of Scaphiodonichthys macracanthus (Pellegrin & Chevey 1936) -- (Kottelat 2001:40 [ref. 25482]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Scaphiodonichthys macracanthus (Pellegrin & Chevey 1936). Cyprinidae: Barbinae.

brevicephalus, Onychostoma Nguyen [V. H.] & Doan [L. H.] 1969:14, Fig. 14 in ref. 29795 [Some data on composition, origin, and distribution of cyprinid species in northern Vietnam; ref. 25483] Muong Lay [a city and district], Lai Chau Province, Vietnam. Syntypes: (5) apparently lost. See Kottelat 2001:113, 120 [ref. 25482] for availability issues. Spelled in more than one way originally, and Kottelat 2001:120 [ref. 25482] as first reviser selected brevicephalus. See Nguyen & Doan 2008 [ref. 29793] for an English translation of ref. 25483. Lectotype selected by Roberts & Catania 2008:93 [ref. 29794] probably not from this locality. •Should be referred to the genus Onychostoma -- (Roberts & Catania 2008:96 [ref. 29794]). •Valid as Onychostoma brevicephalus Mai 1978 -- (Endruweit 2024:15 [ref. 41040]). •Synonym of Scaphiodonichthys macracanthus (Pellegrin & Chevey 1936) -- (Kottelat 2001:40 [ref. 25482], Kottelat 2013:159 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Scaphiodonichthys macracanthus (Pellegrin & Chevey 1936). Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Habitat: freshwater.

brevicephalus, Spinibarbus Nguyen [H. D.] & Nguyen [V. H.] 1997:25, Fig. 2 [Tap Chi Khoa Hoc (Journal of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi). v. 13 (no. 4); ref. 33174] Stream Vu Gia in Thu Bon drainage, Ha Tan, Dai Loc district, Da Nang Province, Quang Nam, Vietnam. Holotype (unique): HNUE 0476. •Valid as Spinibarbus brevicephalus Nguyen & Nguyen 1997 -- (Kottelat 2013:164 [ref. 32989] with question, Nguyen et al. 2015:105 [ref. 36432]). Current status: Valid as Spinibarbus brevicephalus Nguyen & Nguyen 1997. Cyprinidae: Spinibarbinae. Distribution: Vietnam. Habitat: freshwater.

breviceps, Barbus Trewavas [E.] 1936:68, Pl. 1 (fig. 5) [Novitates Zoologicae. A Journal of Zoology in Connection with the Tring Museum v. 40; ref. 13752] Brook 100 kilometers southeast of Quibala, Longa River system, Angola. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1935.2.20.144-145 (1 of 2). Non-types: BMNH 1935.2.20.144-145 (1 of 2). •Valid as Barbus breviceps Trewavas 1936 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:231 [ref. 6186], Skelton 1993:135 [ref. 24071], Skelton 2001:135 [ref. 27406]). •Valid as Enteromius breviceps (Trewavas 1936) -- (Yang et al. 2015:112 [ref. 33694], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:352 [ref. 35417], Skelton 2019:231 [ref. 36564]). Current status: Valid as Enteromius breviceps (Trewavas 1936). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Southwestern Africa: Angola. Habitat: freshwater.

breviceps, Cirrhina Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1842:293 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 16; ref. 1009] Bantam River, Java, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): RMNH (lost). Original genus should have been Cirrhinus. •Status uncertain -- (Roberts 1993:46 [ref. 21799]). •Questionably a synonym of Labeo erythropterus Valencienne 1842 -- (Kottelat 2013:116 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Labeo erythropterus Valenciennes 1842. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater.

breviceps, Labeobarbus Kuhl [H.] & van Hasselt [J. C.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1842:293 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 16; ref. 1009] Not available, name mentioned in account of Cirrhina breviceps Valenciennes (Bantam River, Java). Nomen Nudum. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae.

brevicirri, Cyprinus carpio morpha Misik [V.] 1958:70 [Biologické práce v. 4 (no 6); ref. 22989] Danube River, Slovenia. No types known. Infrasubspecific, not available. •In the synonymy of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Kottelat 1997:57 [ref. 22952]). Infrasubspecific. Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

breviclipeus, Clypeobarbus Stiassny [M. L. J.] & Sakharova [H.] 2016:1398, Figs. 1-2h, 3, 4 [Journal of Fish Biology v. 88 (no. 4); ref. 34176] Kwilu River at Port Mado, Bandundu Province, DRC, 5°14'58.52"S, 18°57'00.07"E. Holotype: AMNH 263725. Paratypes: AMNH, BMNH 2015.6.5.1-2 (2), MCZ, MRAC, ZSM. Plus additional non-type material. •Valid as Clypeobarbus breviclipeus Stiassny & Sakharova 2016 -- (Hayes & Armbruster 2017:351 [ref. 35417]). Current status: Valid as Clypeobarbus breviclipeus Stiassny & Sakharova 2016. Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Kwilu River, Kasai basin, central Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

brevidorsalis, Barbus Boulenger [G. A.] 1915:167 [Revue de Zoologie Africaine v. 4 (fasc. 2); ref. 15086] Tributary of Lukinda River. Syntypes: (2) MRAC 8691 (1). •Valid as Barbus brevidorsalis Boulenger 1915 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:231 [ref. 6186] with a holotype, Skelton 1993:144 [ref. 24071], Farm 2000:980 [ref. 25015], Skelton 2001:144 [ref. 27406]). •Valid as Enteromius brevidorsalis (Boulenger 1915) -- (Yang et al. 2015:112 [ref. 33694], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:352 [ref. 35417], Bruton et al. 2018:45 [ref. 36373], Skelton 2019:231 [ref. 36564], Munene et al. 2021:21 [ref. 39283]). Current status: Valid as Enteromius brevidorsalis (Boulenger 1915). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Central and southern Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

brevidorsalis, Semiplotus Day [F.] 1873:239 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1873 (pt 1) (art. 4) (for 4 Mar. 1873); ref. 18824] Rivers below Neilgherry Hills, Western Ghats, India. Syntypes and/or Day specimens: AMS B.7808 (1, syntype) Madras; NMW 51642-45 (1, 1, 1); RMNH 8706 [?=2632] (1); ZMB 11043 (1), 21843 (1). Type catalog: Whitehead & Talwar 1976:155 [ref. 23762], Ferraris et al. 2000:295 [ref. 25110]. •Valid as Osteochilus brevidorsalis (Day 1873) -- (Talwar & Jhingran 1991:245 [ref. 20764]). •Valid as Cyprinion brevidorsalis (Day 1873) -- (Menon 1999:118 [ref. 24904]). •Valid as Kantaka brevidorsalis (Day 1873) -- (Karnasuta 1993:88 [ref. 20700]). •Valid as Osteochilichthys brevidorsalis (Day 1873) -- (Rema Devi & Raghunathan 1999:152 [ref. 24759], Bleher 2018:642 [ref. 36647], Plamoottil 2022:981 [ref. 39362], Plamoottil & Vineeth 2022:1319 [ref. 39453]). Current status: Valid as Kantaka brevidorsalis (Day 1873). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Distribution: South Asia: hill streams of Palakkad Mountain Ranges and rivers below the Nigri Hills, Western Ghats, southern India. Habitat: freshwater.

brevifilis, Barbus (Labeobarbus) Peters [W. (C. H.)] 1881:1033, Unnumbered plate fig. 4 [Monatsberichte der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1880; ref. 3456] China, sent from Hong Kong. Syntypes: ZMB 11326 (2, now 1), 22290 [ex ZMB 11326] (1). •Valid as Tor brevifilis (Peters 1881) -- (Wu et al. 1977:327 [ref. 4807], Mai 1978:85 [ref. 13511], Chu & Cui in Chu & Chen 1989:145 [ref. 13584], Zheng et al. 1989:195 [ref. 21202], Chen et al. in Pan et al. 1991:166 [ref. 23876], Ding 1994:343 [ref. 21531], Yang & Chen 1995:62 [ref. 23555], Zhu 1995:50 [ref. 25213], Chen in Chen 1998:167 [ref. 23556], Tang et al. 2001:13 [ref. 25373]). •Valid as Tor brevifilis (Peters 1881), subspecies brevifilis (Peters 1881) -- (Shan et al. in Yue 2000:155 [ref. 25272]). •Valid as Folifer brevifilis (Peters 1881) -- (Kottelat 2001:23 [ref. 25482], Kottelat 2001:50 [ref. 25780], Kottelat 2013:102 [ref. 32989], Kottelat 2015:41 [ref. 33971] as cf. brevifilis, Zhang et al. 2016:90 [ref. 34477] as Foliter, Fu et al. 2021:9569 [ref. 39347], Guo 2021:371 [ref. 38617] as Foliter). Current status: Valid as Folifer brevifilis (Peters 1881). Cyprinidae: Acrossocheilinae. Distribution: East Asia: Yangtze River basin (China). Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

brevifinus, Sinocyclocheilus Li [J.], Li [X.] & Mayden [R. L.] 2014:40, Fig. 2 [Zootaxa 3873 (no. 1); ref. 33537] Maohedong Village, Wanggao Town, Hezhou City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, South China, Zhujiang Basin, Hejiang drainage, 24°36'2.2"N, 111°28'12"E. Holotype: PRFR 1201205001. Paratypes: PRFR 1201205002-05 (4). Chen et al. 2016:7 [ref. 34372] have PRFRI 201207001 as holotype. •Valid as Sinocyclocheilus brevifinus Li, Li & Mayden 2014 -- (Chen et al. 2016:7 [ref. 34372]). Current status: Valid as Sinocyclocheilus brevifinus Li, Li & Mayden 2014. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: East Asia: underground river system, Maohedong Village, China. Habitat: freshwater.

brevilateralis, Barbus Poll [M.] 1967:169, Fig. 74 [Publicações Culturais, Companhia de Diamantes de Angola (DIAMANG), Lisboa No. 75; ref. 3528] Tchimenji River, Angola. Holotype: MD 6343. Paratypes: MD 1611 or 6311 (3). Type catalog: Derijst 1991:26 [ref. 21528]. •Valid as Barbus brevilateralis Poll 1967 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:232 [ref. 6186]). •Valid as Enteromius brevilateralis (Poll 1967) -- (Yang et al. 2015:112 [ref. 33694], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:352 [ref. 35417], Skelton 2019:231 [ref. 36564]). Current status: Valid as Enteromius brevilateralis (Poll 1967). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Southwestern Africa: Angola. Habitat: freshwater.

brevimentalia, Garra jerdonia var. Narayan Rao [C. R.] 1920:54, Pl. 1 (figs. 1, 1a-b) [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 9) v. 6 (no. 31) (art. 2); ref. 15244] Harangi [Harang] River at Madapur, Coorg, Karnataka, India. Holotype: BMNH 1919.11.19.5-7 (1 of 3). Paratypes: (6) BMNH 1919.11.19.5-7 (2 of 3), ZSI (2), CCB (1). •Synonym of Garra mullya (Sykes 1839) -- (Talwar & Jhingran 1991:429 [ref. 20764], Menon 1999:149 [ref. 24904]). Current status: Synonym of Garra mullya (Sykes 1839). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater.

brevipectoralis, Osteobrama Tilak [R.] & Husain [A.] 1989:328, Figs. 1-4 [Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin v. 65 (no. 2); ref. 17734] Manipur Valley, India. Holotype: ZSI/NRS F567. Paratypes: ZSI/NRS F568 (2). See Das 2003:359 [ref. 27706] with second author as Hussain. •Synonym of Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes 1844) -- (Talwar & Jhingran 1991:237 [ref. 20764] with question, Menon 1999:63 [ref. 24904], Kottelat 2013:134 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes 1844). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Habitat: freshwater.

brevipinnis, Barbus Jubb [R. A.] 1966:159, Fig. 1 [Annals of the Cape Provincial Museums v. 5; ref. 9038] Sabie River, Incomati River system, Pilgrims Rest District, Transvaal [now Gauteng], South Africa. Holotype: AMG P1715 [not 1072]. Paratypes: AMG P1716-1735 [not 1073-1092] (30, not 20). Type catalog: Skelton & Stuart 1987:182 [ref. 12628]. •Valid as Barbus brevipinnis Jubb 1966 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:232 [ref. 6186], Skelton 1993:139 [ref. 24071]). •Valid as Enteromius brevipinnis (Jubb 1966) -- (Yang et al. 2015:112 [ref. 33694], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:352 [ref. 35417], Martin & Chakona 2019:114 [ref. 36723], Scheepers et al. 2024:11 [ref. 41328]). Current status: Valid as Enteromius brevipinnis (Jubb 1966). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Southeastern South Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

brevirostris, Bangana Liu [K.] & Zhou [W.] 2009:62, Figs. 1, 2A [Zootaxa No. 1980; ref. 30000] Bolou River, a stream tributary of Luosuo-Jiang, at Boluo Village (22°37'N, 101°18'E) of Yixiang Town in Puer City, Xishuangbanna Province, tributary of Lanchang-Jiang River, Mekong River basin, Yunnan Province, China. Holotype: SWFC 0512080. Paratypes: SWFC 0512071-79 (9), 0512081-88 (8). Secondary homonym of Bangana brevirostris (Nguyen 2001) when both species are in Bangana. •Valid as Cirrhinus brevirostris (Liu & Zhou 2009) -- (Kottelat 2013:88 [ref. 32989] with question). •Valid as Bangana brevirostris Liu & Zhou 2009 -- (Zhang et al. 2016:106 [ref. 34477]). 2°Homonym. Current status: Valid as Bangana brevirostris Liu & Zhou 2009. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Luosuo-Jiang Stream, Mekong River basin (Yunnan, China). Habitat: freshwater.

brevirostris, Sinilabeo Nguyen [V. H.] in Nguyen & Ngô 2002:501, Fig. 253 [Freshwater fishes of Viet Nam. Volume I. Family Cyprinidae v. 1; ref. 28301] Sông Nâm Rôm, Diên Biên, Lai Châu, Viêt Nam. Holotype: VNCNTTS I: H.01.92.12.01. Paratypes: VNCNTTS I: H.01.92.12.02 - 04 (8). See Bangana brevirostris Liu & Zhou 2009:62 [ref. 30000] if both are placed in Bangana. •Synonym of Bangana lippa (Fowler 1936) -- (Kottelat 2013:75 [ref. 21989]). •Synonym of Altigena lippa (Fowler 1936) -- (Ciccotto et al. 2021:275 [ref. 38305]). Current status: Synonym of Altigena lippa (Fowler 1936). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater.

brevis, Capoeta Bleeker [P.] 1849:21 [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 23 (no. 12); ref. 16883] Gombong; Kalimas River, Surabaja, Java, Indonesia. Syntypes: BMNH 1866.5.2.210 (1), 1867.11.28.179-180 (2). •Valid as Puntius brevis (Bleeker 1849) -- (Kottelat et al. 1993:42 [ref. 23448], Rainboth 1996:102 [ref. 22772], Doi 1997:11 [ref. 22832], Kottelat 1998:49 [ref. 23436], Freyhof et al. 2000:95 [ref. 25184], Kottelat 2001:37 [ref. 25482], Kottelat 2001:72 [ref. 25780], Kottelat 2013:148 [ref. 32989], Kottelat 2015:43 [ref. 33971], Ren et al. 2020:[5] [ref. 37805], Taki et al. 2021:130 [ref. 39830]). Current status: Valid as Puntius brevis (Bleeker 1849). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Indonesia to Vietnam. Habitat: freshwater.

brevis, Gonorhynchus McClelland [J.] 1839:373, Pl. 43 (fig. 6) [Asiatic Researches v. 19 (pt 2); ref. 2923] Kosi River and northwest Bengal, also the Ganges, India. No types known. •Synonym of Crossocheilus latius (Hamilton 1822) -- (Menon 1999:140 [ref. 24904]). •Synonym of Gonorhynchus latius (Hamilton 1822) -- (Ciccotto & Page 2016:478 [ref. 34501]). •Synonym of Tariqilabeo latius (Hamilton 1822). Current status: Synonym of Tariqilabeo latius (Hamilton 1822). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater.

brevis, Racoma McClelland [J.] 1842:578 [Calcutta Journal of Natural History v. 2 (no. 8); ref. 2926] Helmand River, Afghanistan. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. Authorship of intermedius from p. 573. •Synonym of Schizothorax intermedius McClelland & Griffith 1842 -- (Berg 1949:713 [ref. 20661], Coad 1995:20 [ref. 23608] with question). •? Synonym of Schizopyge curvifrons (Heckel 1838). Current status: Synonym of Schizopyge curvifrons (Heckel 1838). Cyprinidae: Schizothoracinae. Habitat: freshwater.

brevis, Sinocyclocheilus Lan [J.-H.] & Chen [J.-X.] in Chen & Lan 1992:105 (English p. 109), Fig. 2 [Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica v. 17 (no. 1); ref. 21067] Luocheng County, ca. 24°47'N, 108°53'E, Guangxi, China. Holotype: IHASW 87087496. Paratypes: IHASW 87077469 (1), 87077471 (1), 8707747-48 (1, 1), 87077493 (1). •Valid as Sinocyclocheilus brevis Lan & Chen 1992 -- (Zhu 1995:547 [ref. 25213], Shan et al. in Yue 2000:69 [ref. 25272], Zhao & Zhang 2006:773 [ref. 31176], Romero et al. 2009 [ref. 30522], Zhao et al. 2011:1550 [ref. 31493], Ma & Zhao 2012:109 [ref. 34891], Lan et al. 2013:178 [ref. 32910], Zhang et al. 2016:99 [ref. 34477] with authorship as Chen & Lan, Lunghi e al. 2019:2 [ref. 37251], Zhao et al. 2021:202 [ref. 39337]). Current status: Valid as Sinocyclocheilus brevis Lan & Chen 1992. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: East Asia: Longjiang River drainage, Liujiang River basin, Luocheng County, Guangxi, China. Habitat: freshwater.

brevis, Varicorhinus Lin [S.-Y.] 1931:108, Fig. 10 [Carps and carp-like fishes; ref. 4019] Kwangchow, Kwangtung, China. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. See also Varicorhinus (Onychostoma) brevis Wu & Chen 1977 for possible homonymy. •Synonym of Sinilabeo decorus (Peters 1881) -- (Wu et al. 1977:337 [ref. 4807], Zheng et al. 1989:199 [ref. 21202], Chen et al. in Pan et al. 1991:169 [ref. 23876], Zhang et al. in Yue 2000:180 [ref. 25272]). •Synonym of Bangana decora (Peters 1881) -- (Zhang et al. 2016:106 [ref. 34477]). •Synonym of Decorus decorus (Peters 1881). Current status: Synonym of Decorus decorus (Peters 1881). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater.

brevis, Varicorhinus (Onychostoma) Wu [H.-W.] & Chen [?] in Wu, Lin, Chen, Chen & He 1977:318, Fig. 7-55 [The cyprinid fishes of China v. 2; ref. 4807] Sichuan, China. Syntypes: 1101 (1), 56-004 (1), 58-4-13 (1). •Valid as Varicorhinus brevis Wu & Chen 1977 -- (Zhu 1995:61 [ref. 25213]). •Valid as Onychostoma brevis (Wu & Chen 1977) -- (Ding 1994:341 [ref. 21531], Shan et al. in Yue 2000:146 [ref. 25272], Tang et al. 2001:13 [ref. 25373], Song et al. 2018:161 [ref. 35890]). Onychostoma breve (Wu & Chen 1977) -- (Xin et al. 2009:261 [ref. 30708], Hoang et al. 2015:123 [ref. 33811], Zhang et al. 2016:92 [ref. 34477]). Current status: Valid as Onychostoma breve (Wu & Chen 1977). Cyprinidae: Acrossocheilinae. Distribution: China. Habitat: freshwater.

brevispinis, Barbus ruspolii Holly [M.] 1927:141, Fig. 8 [Sitzungsberichte, Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse v. 136 (Abt. 1) (nos 3-4); ref. 2188] Lokunje River, Lolo, Sanaga, Cameroon [3°14'03"N 10°43'38"E]. Syntypes: NMW 7315-16 (1, 1). Type catalog: Bogutskaya et al. 2022:33 [ref. 39277]. •Valid as Barbus brevispinis Holly 1927 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:232 [ref. 6186]). •Valid as Labeobarbus brevispinis (Holly 1927) -- (De Weirdt et al. 2007:521 [ref. 30024], Vreven et al. 2016:56 [ref. 34168]). Current status: Valid as Labeobarbus brevispinis (Holly 1927). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Distribution: West-central Africa: Cameroon. Habitat: freshwater.

brevispinus, Lissochilus Nguyen [V. H.] & Doan [L. H.] 1969:12, Fig. 7 in ref. 29795 [Some data on composition, origin, and distribution of cyprinid species in northern Vietnam; ref. 25483] Suoi Rut stream, Hoa Binh Province, Vietnam. Syntypes: (3) lost. See Kottelat 2001:113, 118 [ref. 25482] for availability issues. Spelled in more than one way originally, and Kottelat 2001:118 [ref. 25482] as first reviser selected brevispinus. See Nguyen & Doan 2008 [ref. 29793] for an English translation of ref. 25483. No lectotype selected by Roberts & Catania 2008:90 [ref. 29794]. •Uncertain status -- (Kottelat 2001:28 [ref. 25482]). •Probably a Poropuntius and probably a valid species -- (Roberts & Catania 2008:95 [ref. 29794], Kottelat 2013:143 [ref. 32989]). •Nomen nudum -- (Endruweit 2024:15 [ref. 41040]). •Synonym of Poropuntius alloiopleurus (Vaillant 1893) -- (Hoang et al. 2024:210 [ref. 41179]). Current status: Synonym of Poropuntius alloiopleurus (Vaillant 1893). Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater.

brichardi, Barbus Poll [M.] & Lambert [J. G.] 1959:107, Pl. 3 (fig. 2) [Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines v. 60 (nos 1-2); ref. 12015] Near Mindouli, Niari-Kouilou basin, Republic of the Congo. Holotype (unique): MRAC 125186. Type catalog: Derijst 1991:26 [ref. 21528]. •Valid as Barbus brichardi Poll & Lambert 1959 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:232 [ref. 6186], De Weirdt et al. 2007:495 [ref. 30024]). •Valid as Enteromius brichardi (Poll & Lambert 1959) -- (Armbruster et al. 2015:[4] [ref. 34099], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:352 [ref. 35417], Mamonekene et al. 2018:11 [ref. 36400], Fermon et al. 2022:138 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Enteromius brichardi (Poll & Lambert 1959). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Western-central Africa: Gabon and Republic of Congo. Habitat: freshwater.

brichardi, Labeo Poll [M.] 1959:87, Pl. 23 (fig. 1) [Annales du Musée du Congo Belge v. 71 (art. 3); ref. 3522] Rapids at Kinsuka, near Kinshasa [Leopoldville], Democratic Republic of Congo, 4°18'S, 15°18'E. Holotype: MRAC 118296. Paratypes: (39) MRAC 78126 (1), 87974-75 (2), 96261-62 [?= 98148-56] (2), 103863-64 (2), 118631-32 (1, 1), 118934-53 (20). Type catalog: Derijst 1991:48 [ref. 21528]. •Valid as Labeo brichardi Poll 1959 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:307 [ref. 6186]). •Synonym of Labeo macrostoma Boulenger 1898 -- (Reid 1985:128 [ref. 19189], Tshibwabwa & Teugels 1995:1561 [ref. 27895]). Current status: Synonym of Labeo macrostoma Boulenger 1898. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater.

brittoni, Garra Trewavas [E.] 1941:11, Fig. B [British Museum (Natural History) expedition to southwest Arabia v. 1 (no. 3); ref. 12735] Migyal al Alaf, a cistern 8 miles south of San'a, Yemen, elevation 8000 feet. Lectotype: BMNH 1940.2.15.19. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1940.2.15.20-27 (8). Lectotype established as "Lectotype selected by Dr. P. Bănărescu (in press)" in Banister & Clarke 1977:140 [7232]. Stiassny & Getahun 2007:66 [ref. 29119] have lectotype as 1940.8.15.192. •Synonym of Garra quadrimaculata (Rüppell 1835) -- (Stiassny & Getahun 2007:66 [ref. 29119] dated to Rüppell 1836). •Synonym of Garra tibanica Trewavas 1941 -- (Banister & Clarke 1977:140 [ref. 7232], Alkahem & Behnke 1983:560 [ref. 8384], Krupp 1983:607 [ref. 8320], Freyhof et al. 2020:185 [ref. 37658], Çiçek et al. 2024:129 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Garra tibanica Trewavas 1941. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater.

britzi, Barboides Conway [K. W.] & Moritz [T.] 2006:74, Fig. 1 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 17 (no. 1); ref. 28637] Lokoli Swamp Forest, 7°03'40"N, 2°15'32"E, main channel, Province du Zou, Benin. Holotype: BMNH 2005.6.7.44. Paratypes: BMNH 2005.6.7.45-57 (13), 2005.6.7.58-60 (3 c&s), 2005.6.7.63-68 (6). Plus non-type material. •Valid as Barboides britzi Conway & Moritz 2006 -- (Hayes & Armbruster 2017:351 [ref. 35417]). Current status: Valid as Barboides britzi Conway & Moritz 2006. Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Lokoli Swamp Forest, Benin, western Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

broadihornes, Sinocyclocheilus Li [W.-X.] & Mao [W.-N.] 2007:226, Figs. 1-2 [Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica v. 32 (no. 1); ref. 29411] Bat Cave, ca. 24°48'N, 108°18'E, Shilin County, Yunnan Province, China, elevation 1750 meters. Holotype: HRA 060412001. Paratypes: HRA 060412002-3 (2). •Valid as Sinocyclocheilus broadihornes Li & Mao 2007 -- (Li et al. 2007:2 [ref. 29378], Romero et al. 2009 [ref. 30522], Zhao et al. 2011:1551 [ref. 31493], Ma & Zhao 2012:109 [ref. 34891], Zhang et al. 2016:99 [ref. 34477], Liu et al. 2018:[7] [ref. 35769], Zhao et al. 2021:164 [ref. 39337]). Current status: Valid as Sinocyclocheilus broadihornes Li & Mao 2007. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: East Asia: Bat Cave, Shilin Town, Nanpanjiang River basin, Yunnan Province, China. Habitat: freshwater.

brookingi, Barbus Gilchrist [J. D. F.] & Thompson [W. W.] 1913:406, Fig. 63 [Annals of the South African Museum v. 11 (pt 5); ref. 14958] East London, Cape Province, South Africa. Holotype (unique): SAM 10670 [now at AMG]. •Synonym of Pseudobarbus trevelyani (Günther 1877) -- (Yang et al. 2015:89, 112 [ref. 33694], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:356 [ref. 35417]). •Synonym of Amatolacypris trevelyani (Günther 1877). Current status: Synonym of Amatolacypris trevelyani (Günther 1877). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Habitat: freshwater.

brucei, Schizocypris Regan [C. T.] 1914:262, Fig. B [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 8) v. 13 (no. 74) (art. 26); ref. 3663] 32°20'N, 69°30'E, Wana Toi, tributary of Gomal River, southwestern Waziristan, Pakistan. Syntypes: BMNH 1913.4.15.100-109 (10), ZSI F9832/1 (1). Type catalog: Menon & Yazdani 1968:117 [ref. 20743]. •Valid as Schizocypris brucei Regan 1914 -- (Coad 1981:12 [ref. 22348], Talwar & Jhingran 1991:398 [ref. 20764], Rafique 2000:324 [ref. 25220], Mirza 2000:356 [ref. 25207], Mirza & Afridi 2002:173 [ref. 26429], Mirza 2003:11 [ref. 27265], Coad & Keyzer-de Ville 2005:37 [ref. 28505], Çiçek et al. 2023:25 [ref. 40326]). Current status: Valid as Schizocypris brucei Regan 1914. Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Distribution: South Asia: Kurram River (Afghanistan) and Pakistan. Habitat: freshwater.

brucii, Barbus Boulenger [G. A.] 1907:309, Pl. 18 (fig. 1) [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1907 (pt 2) (art. 1); ref. 15132] Groot Olifant River, Transvaal [now Gauteng], South Africa. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1907.3.15.34. •Synonym of Barbus marequensis Smith 1841 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:265 [ref. 6186]). •Synonym of Labeobarbus marequensis (Smith 1841) -- (Vreven et al. 2016:63 [ref. 34168]). Current status: Synonym of Labeobarbus marequensis (Smith 1841). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Habitat: freshwater.

brucii, Varicorhinus Boulenger [G. A.] 1907:310, Pl. 19 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1907 (pt 2) (art. 1); ref. 15132] Klein Olifant River, Transvaal [now Gauteng], South Africa. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1907.3.15.37. •Synonym of Barbus marequensis Smith 1841 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:265 [ref. 6186]). •Synonym of Labeobarbus marequensis (Smith 1841) -- (Vreven et al. 2016:63 [ref. 34168]). Current status: Synonym of Labeobarbus marequensis (Smith 1841). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Habitat: freshwater.

brueningi, Barbus Schreitmüller [W.] 1937:109 [Deutscher Almanach für Aquarien- und Terrarienfreunde 1938; ref. 35566] Southeastern Asia (aquarium import). No types known. Also "described" with figure by Schreitmüller 1938:165 [ref. 17170] as Barbus bruenningi. •Possibly a synonym of Barbodes sellifer Kottelat & Lim 2021. Nomen Dubium. Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Habitat: freshwater.

brunellii, Barbus Bini [G.] 1940:173, Pl. 10 [Missione di Studio al Lago Tana, Roma v. 3; ref. 13041] Lake Tana, Ethiopia. Syntypes: (8) lost. Name appears first on p. 161. •Synonym of Barbus intermedius Rüppell 1835 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:254 [ref. 6186] as a species). •Not collected -- (Nagelkerke & Sibbing 1997:146 [ref. 23829]). •Synonym of Labeobarbus intermedius (Rüppell 1835) -- (Vreven et al. 2016:60 [ref. 34168]). Current status: Synonym of Labeobarbus intermedius (Rüppell 1835). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Habitat: freshwater.

brunellii, Labeo Parenzan [P.] 1939:149, Figs. 3-4 [Bollettino di Pesca, Piscicoltura e Idrobiologia v. 15 (no. 2); ref. 13590] Lake Regina Margherita [Lake Ganjule or Gardula], southern Ethiopia. Syntypes: ?Lab. Centrale Idrobiol. Rome (2). •Valid as Labeo brunellii Parenzan 1939 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:307 [ref. 6186]). •Questionably a synonym of Labeo bottegi Vinciguerra 1897 -- (Reid 1985:189 [ref. 19189]). Current status: Uncertain as Labeo bottegi Vinciguerra 1897. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater.

brunneus, Tylognathus Fowler [H. W.] 1934:131, Figs. 87-88 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 86; ref. 1417] Chieng Mai [Chiengmai], northern Thailand. Holotype: ANSP 58369. Paratypes: ANSP 58370-75 (6). Additional material (87). Type catalog: Monkolprasit 1969:14 [ref. 25088], Böhlke 1984:70 [ref. 13621]. •Mention in genus Henicorhynchus -- (Kottelat 1984:803 [ref. 11440]). •Synonym of Cirrhinus siamensis (Sauvage 1881) -- (Roberts 1997:196 [ref. 23550]). •Synonym of Gymnostomus siamensis (Sauvage 1881) -- (Kottelat 2013:108 [ref. 32989]). •Synonym of Henicorhynchus siamensis (Sauvage 1881) -- (Kottelat 2001:54 [ref. 25780], Ciccotto & Page 2020:496 [ref. 37710]). Current status: Synonym of Henicorhynchus siamensis (Sauvage 1881). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater.

bucephalus, Carassius Heckel [J. J.] 1837:157 [Annalen des Wiener Museums der Naturgeschichte v. 2 (no. 1) (for 1840); ref. 2079] Near Saloniki, Macedonia, Greece. Syntypes: NMW 56151 (2). •Synonym of Carassius gibelio (Bloch 1782) -- (Kottelat 1997:51 [ref. 22952] with question, Dyldin & Orlov 2016:657 [ref. 34853], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:62 [ref. 37983]). Current status: Synonym of Carassius gibelio (Bloch 1782). Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

buchanani, Catla Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1844:411, Pl. 515 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 17; ref. 1010] Calcutta, India; Ganges. Valenciennes types: MNHN 0000-2747 (2), 0000-3850 (1), 0000-5414 (2). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:12 [ref. 19574], but if regarded as a replacement name then the Bertin & Estève specimens are not types. Unneeded new name for Cyprinus catla Hamilton 1822. •Synonym of Catla catla (Hamilton 1822) -- (Talwar & Jhingran 1991:163 [ref. 20764], Menon 1999:119 [ref. 24904], Bănărescu in Bănărescue & Paepke 2002:183 [ref. 25856], Ataur Rahman 2003:157 [ref. 31338]). •Synonym of Gibelion catala (Hamilton 1822) -- (Mirza 2003:6 [ref. 27265], Kottelat 2013:107 [ref. 32989]). •Synonym of Labeo catla (Hamilton 1822). Current status: Synonym of Labeo catla (Hamilton 1822). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

buchanani, Mrigala Bleeker [P.] 1860:226 [Acta Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Indo-Neêrlandicae v. 7 (art. 2); ref. 380] Gangetic provinces. No types known. Unneeded replacement name for Cyprinus mrigala Hamilton 1822. •Synonym of Cirrhinus cirrhosus (Bloch 1795) -- (Roberts 1997:177 [ref. 23550], Kottelat 2013:88 [ref. 32989]). •Objective synonym of Cirrhinus mrigala (Hamilton 1822). Current status: Synonym of Cirrhinus mrigala (Hamilton 1822). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater.

buchanani, Rohita Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1842:251 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 16; ref. 1009] Gangetic and Ava provinces, India. No types known. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:15 [ref. 19574] but these were not types (MNHN 0013 (3)). Unnecessary replacement of Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1922). •Synonym of Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) -- (Menon 1999:138 [ref. 24904], Jayaram & Dhas 2000:91 [ref. 25342], Kottelat 2013:117 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

buettikeri, Garra Krupp [F.] 1983:595, Fig. 21 [Fauna of Saudi Arabia v. 5; ref. 8320] Wadi Turabah, Saudi Arabia, 20°29'N, 41°12'E, elevation 1470 meters. Holotype: NMBA 5552. Paratypes: BMNH 1977.8.25.8 (1), 1977.8.25.9-13 (5); NMBA 5549-51 (3), 5553-55 (3), 5574-80 (7), 5588-90 (3), 5881-5913 (32), 5914-26 (12); SMF 16444 (10). Type catalog: Kottelat & Sutter 1988:53 [ref. 13796]. •Valid as Garra buettikeri Krupp 1983 -- (Hamidan et al. 2014:234 [ref. 33626] as buettikerii, Lyon et al. 2016:81 [ref. 34670] as buettikerii, Freyhof et al. 2020:150 [ref. 37658], Esmaeili & Hamidan 2023:209 [ref. 40377], Çiçek et al. 2024:114 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Garra buettikeri Krupp 1983. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Middle east: Asir Mountains (Saudi Arabia). Habitat: freshwater.

buhsei, Capoeta Kessler [K. F.] 1877:85 [The Aralo-Caspian Expedition; ref. 2597] Probably Karaj River near Tehran, Iran. Syntypes: ZIN 2330 (2). •Valid as Capoeta buhsei Kessler 1877 -- (Bianco & Bănărescu 1982:88 [ref. 8508], Coad 1995:14 [ref. 23608], Coad 1996:71 [ref. 25297], Coad 1998:102 [ref. 23869], Turan et al. 2006:153 [ref. 28700], Özuluğ & Freyhof 2008:293 [ref. 29981], Esmaeili et al. 2010:368 [ref. 33391], Levin et al. 2012:544 [ref. 33912] one as cf. buhsei, Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:867 [ref. 34062], Teimori et al. 2015:90 [ref. 34095], Zareian et al. 2016:140 [ref. 34227], Zareian et al. 2016:71 [ref. 34282], Esmaeili et al. 2016:42 [ref. 34283], Alwan et al. 2016:156 [ref. 34334], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2016:169 [ref. 34989], Alwan et al. 2016:17 [ref. 35686], Esmaeili et al. 2017:39 [ref. 35254], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2017:152 [ref. 35425], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2017:153 [ref. 35538], Zareian & Esmaeili 2017:243 [ref. 36090], Esmaeili et al. 2018:18 [ref. 36089], Jawan & Alwan 2020:201 [ref. 37478], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:40 [ref. 37983], Eagderi & Mousavi-Sabet 2021:41 [ref. 38914], Çiçek et al. 2024:156 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Capoeta buhsei Kessler 1877. Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Distribution: Middle East: Namak Lake and Kavir basin (Iran). Habitat: freshwater.

bukrangi, Cyprinus Hamilton [F.] in McClelland 1839:220, 410 [Asiatic Researches v. 19 (pt 2); ref. 2923] Not available, name mentioned in passing (p. 220) and in synonymy (p. 410). Nomen Nudum. Cyprinidae.

bulatmai, Cyprinus Gmelin [S. G.] 1784:135 [Reise durch Russland; ref. 18140] Not an original description, see Cyprinus bulatmai Hablizl 1783. Cyprinidae.

bulatmai, Cyprinus Hablizl [C. L.] 1783:6 [Neue Nordische Beyträge zur physikalischen und geographischen Erd- und Völkerbeschreibung, Naturgeschichte und Oekonomie. St. Petersburg & Leipzig v. 4; ref. 20763] Enzelli (Enzeli, Bandar-e-Anzali), estuary of Enzeli River, Caspian Sea watershed in northern Iran. No types known. Cyprinus bulatmai Gmelin 1784:135 [ref. 18140] is not an independent description. •Synonym of Barbus capito (Güldenstädt 1773) -- (Coad 1995:12 [ref. 23608], Bogutskaya 1998:88 [ref. 23589], Bogutskaya et al. in Bănărescu & Bogutskaya 2003:147 [ref. 27353]). •Synonym of Luciobarbus capito (Güldenstädt 1773) -- (Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:82 [ref. 37983], Çiçek et al. 2024:168 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Luciobarbus capito (Güldenstädt 1773). Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

bulu, Systomus Bleeker [P.] 1851:207 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 2 (no. 2); ref. 329] Bandjarmasin, Borneo, Indonesia. RMNH 7029 [ex RMNH 2913]. Syntypes and/or Bleeker specimens: (4) BMNH 1866.5.2.199 (1), NMV 45893 (1), RMNH 2913 (2). Lectotype designation not researched, not designated here. •Valid as Puntioplites bulu (Bleeker 1851) -- (Bănărescu 1978:114 [ref. 36231], Roberts 1989:60 [ref. 6439], Kottelat et al. 1993:42 [ref. 23448], Kottelat & Lim 1996:232 [ref. 23210], Rainboth 1996:92 [ref. 22772], Doi 1997:10 [ref. 22832], Martin-Smith & Tan 1998:583 [ref. 23647], Kottelat & Widjanarti 2005:153 [ref. 28284], Parenti & Lim 2005:184 [ref. 28285], Kottelat 2013:147 [ref. 32989], Sulaiman et al. 2018:29 [ref. 35802], Ng et al. 2019:525 [ref. 36606], Taki et al. 2021:113 [ref. 39830], Ahmad et al. 2023:75 [ref. 41243]). Current status: Valid as Puntioplites bulu (Bleeker 1851). Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Sundaland, Malaya (Malaysia) to Cambodia. IUCN (2019): Least Concern. Habitat: freshwater.

bunau, Puntius Rachmatika [I.] 2005:182, Figs. 1-2 [Treubia, Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense v. 33 (no. 2); ref. 28450] Sesay basin, Paya Seturan County, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Holotype: MZB 12074. Paratypes: BMNH 2004.4.26.1 (1); CMK 17999 (1); MZB 12075 (1), 12076 (2), 12077 (1), 12078 (1); USNM uncat. (1); ZRC 49220 (2), 49867 (4). Plus non-type material. •Valid as Barbodes bunau (Rachmatika 2005) -- (Kottelat 2013:78 [ref. 32989], Kottelat & Lim 2021:532 [ref. 38873]). Current status: Valid as Barbodes bunau (Rachmatika 2005). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: northern Kalimantan Timur, Borneo, Indonesia. Habitat: freshwater.

bunter, Barbus Bleeker [P.] 1857:350 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 13 (no. 2); ref. 16868] Tjidani River, Tjampea, western Java, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. •Questionably a synonym of Barbodes binotatus (Valenciennes 1842) -- (Kottelat 2013:77 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Uncertain as Barbodes binotatus (Valenciennes 1842). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Habitat: freshwater.

buphthalmus, Cyprinus Shaw [G.] in Shaw & Nodder 1796:no page number, Pl. 262 [The Naturalist's Miscellany; ref. 4013] China. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater.

burchelli, Barbus (Pseudobarbus) Smith [A.] 1841:no pagination, Pl. 11 (fig. 1) [Illustrations of the zoology of South Africa v. 4; ref. 4035] Tradouw River, Breë River system, southwestern Cape Province, South Africa, 33°56'50"S, 20°42'39"E. Neotype: AMG P7223. Type catalog: Skelton & Stuart 1987:183 [ref. 12628]. Neotype designated by Skelton 1988:264 [ref. 7302]. •Valid as Barbus burchelli Smith 1841 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:232 [ref. 6186]). •Valid as Pseudobarbus burchelli (Smith 1841) -- (Skelton 1988:264 [ref. 7302], Skelton 1993:123 [ref. 24071], Skelton 2001:123 [ref. 27406], Chakona & Swartz 2013:568 [ref. 32786], Chakona et al. 2014:135 [ref. 33568], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:356 [ref. 35417], Skelton et al. 2018:16 [ref. 35835]). Current status: Valid as Pseudobarbus burchelli (Smith 1841). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Southern South Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

burgeri, Carassius Temminck [C. J.] & Schlegel [H.] 1846:194, Pl. 98 (figs. 2, 2a-b) [Fauna Japonica Parts 10-14; ref. 4374] Japan. Lectotype: RMNH 2392. Paralectotypes: (12) RMNH 2389 (4), 2390 (1), 2391 (2), 36375 (2). Lectotype selected by Boeseman 1947:154 [ref. 12876]. •Synonym of Carassius auratus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Berg 1949:820 [ref. 20661]). •Synonym of Carassius carassius (Linnaeus 1758), but a valid subspecies -- (Kawanabe & Mizuno 1989:342 [ref. 25598]). •Mention -- (Kalous et al. 2012:11 [ref. 32063]). •Valid as Carassius buergeri Temminck & Schlegel 1846, valid subspecies buergeri Temminck & Schlegel 1846 -- (Saiki et al. 2023:69 [ref. 40766]). •Synonym of Carassius auratus (Linnaeus 1758), but a valid subspecies -- (Sawada in Masuda et al. 1984:57 [ref. 6441] as buergeri, Nakabo 2000:254 [ref. 25086] as buergeri, Nakabo 2002:254 [ref. 26001] as buergeri). Current status: Synonym of Carassius auratus (Linnaeus 1758). Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater.

burgi, Barbus Boulenger [G. A.] 1911:147, Fig. 124 [Catalogue of the fresh-water fishes of Africa v. 2; ref. 579] Burg River, Paarl, Cape Province, South Africa. Syntypes: BMNH 1901.2.11.14-16 (3). •Valid as Barbus burgi Boulenger 1911 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:233 [ref. 6186]). •Valid as Pseudobarbus burgi (Boulenger 1911) -- (Skelton 1988:269 [ref. 7302], Skelton 1993:123 [ref. 24071], Skelton 2001:123 [ref. 27406], Chakona & Swartz 2013:568 [ref. 32786], Chakona et al. 2014:135 [ref. 33568], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:356 [ref. 35417], Skelton et al. 2018:16 [ref. 35835]). Current status: Valid as Pseudobarbus burgi (Boulenger 1911). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Southern South Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

burmanica, Dangila Day [F.] 1877:546, Pl. 131 (fig. 2) [The fishes of India Part 3; ref. 4886] Moulmein and Tavoy, Tenasserim Province, southeastern Myanmar. Syntypes and/or Day specimens: AMS B.7854 (1, syntype). Type catalog: Whitehead & Talwar 1976:155 [ref. 23762], Ferraris et al. 2000:295 [ref. 25110]. •Valid as Labiobarbus burmanicus (Day 1877) -- (Talwar & Jhingran 1991:223 [ref. 20764], Doi 1997:7 [ref. 22832]). •Synonym of Labiobarbus leptocheilus (Valenciennes 1842) -- (Roberts 1994:320 [ref. 22596], Kottelat 2013:118 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Labiobarbus leptocheilus (Valenciennes 1842). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater.

burmanicus, Barbus Day [F.] 1878:572, Pl. 141 (fig. 4) [The fishes of India Part 4; ref. 4887] Mergui, Myanmar. Syntypes and/or Day specimens: AMS B.7898 (1) Pegu, NMW 53977 (1). Type catalog: Whitehead & Talwar 1976:155 [ref. 23762], Ferraris et al. 2000:295-296 [ref. 25110]. •Valid as Puntius burmanicus (Day 1878) -- (Talwar & Jhingran 1991:261 [ref. 20764], Doi 1997:10 [ref. 22832], Karmakar 2000:28 [ref. 25662], Pethiyagoda et al. 2008:209 [ref. 29986], Pethiyagoda et al. 2012:73 [ref. 32071], Kottelat 2013:149 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Valid as Puntius burmanicus (Day 1878). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Myanmar. Habitat: freshwater.

burmanicus, Crossochilus latius Hora [S. L.] 1936:319, 324 [Records of the Indian Museum (Calcutta) v. 38 (pt 3); ref. 13702] Myanmar; Assam, India. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Original genus is correctly Crossocheilus. Spelled 2 ways originally, burmanicas (p. 324) and burmanicus (on p. 319); Kottelat serves as first reviser, selecting the spelling burmanicus and treating it as a specific name. Based mostly on Mukerji 1934:52. See Das 2003:355 [ref. 27706]. •Valid as Crossocheilus burmanicus Hora 1936 -- (Talwar & Jhingran 1991:414 [ref. 20764], Karmakar 2000:29 [ref. 25662], Kottelat 2003:399 [ref. 27358], Kottelat 2013:89 [ref. 32989], Zhang et al. 2016:108 [ref. 34477]). •Valid as Gonorhynchus burmanicus (Hora 1936) -- (Sayyadzadeh et al. 2015:359 [ref. 34017], Ciccotto & Page 2016:489 [ref. 34501], Bleher 2018:540 [ref. 36647]). •Valid as Tariqilabeo burmanicus (Hora 1936) -- (Kottelat 2016:445 [ref. 34856], Shangningam & Kosygin 2022:59 [ref. 39587]). Current status: Valid as Tariqilabeo burmanicus (Hora 1936). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: South Asia: Irrawaddy and Salween River (India and Myanmar). Habitat: freshwater.

burmanicus, Scaphiodonichthys Vinciguerra [D.] 1890:285, Pl. 11 (fig. 11) [Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova (Serie 2) v. 9; ref. 4520] Meekalan, Tenasserim, Myanmar. Lectotype: MSNG 17348A. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1889.10.4.2 (1), 1893.2.16.30-32 (3); MSNG 17348B (1), ?17361 (4); MSNM 32 [ex MSNM 5116] (2); USNM 44732 (3). Type catalog: Tortonese 1961:186 [ref. 10343], Conci & Michelangeli 1974:225 [ref. 21560]. Lectotype selected by Tortonese 1961:186 [ref. 10343]. •Synonym of Varicorhinus acanthopterus (Fowler 1934) -- (Wu et al. 1977:320 [ref. 4807] credited to Smith 1933). •Valid as Cyprinion burmanicus (Vinciguerra 1890) -- (Talwar & Jhingran 1991:179 [ref. 20764], Doi 1997:5 [ref. 22832]). •Should be referred to the genus Onychostoma -- (Roberts & Catania 2008:96 [ref. 29794]). •Valid as Scaphiodonichthys burmanicus Vinciguerra 1890 -- (Kottelat 1998:56 [ref. 23436], Kottelat 2015:159 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Valid as Scaphiodonichthys burmanicus Vinciguerra 1890. Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Distribution: Asia. Habitat: freshwater.

burnesiana, Cirrhinus McClelland [J.] 1842:582 [Calcutta Journal of Natural History v. 2 (no. 8); ref. 2926] Cabul River at Jullalabad [Jalalabad], Afghanistan. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. •Status uncertain -- (Coad 1981:10 [ref. 22348], Çiçek et al. 2023:50 [ref. 40326]). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater.

burtoni, Barbus clavatus Mukerji [D. D.] 1934:64, Figs. 10-11 [Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society v. 37 (pt 1); ref. 16440] Phungin Hka, tributary of Mali Hka River, Myitkyina District, Upper Myanmar. Holotype: ZSI F11437/1. Paratypes: ZSI F11462/1 (2). Type catalog: Menon & Yazdani 1968:105 [ref. 20743]. Not available from Mukerji 1933, figure (p. 831) Pl. 3, Fig. 1 [ref. 16509], no description. See Das 2003:353 [ref. 27706] with date as 1924 [sic]. •Status uncertain, in Poropuntius -- (Roberts 1998:116 [ref. 23549]). •Valid as Barbus burtoni Mukerji 1934 -- (Menon 1999:82 [ref. 24904] as bartoni). •Valid as Poropuntius burtoni (Mukerji 1934) -- (Vishwanath & Kosygin 2001:32 [ref. 25682], Kottelat 2013:143 [ref. 32989], Hoang et al. 2024:217 [ref. 41179]). Current status: Valid as Poropuntius burtoni (Mukerji 1934). Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Mali Hka River drainage, upper Myanmar. Habitat: freshwater.

bynni, Cyprinus Fabricius [J. C.] in Niebuhr (ex Forsskål) 1775:71, xiii [Descriptiones animalium (Forsskål); ref. 1351] Nile River, Egypt (±24°05'N, 32°53'E). Neotype: BMNH 1907.12.2.1230. Authorship according to Fricke 2008:17 [ref. 30182]. Spelled binny by Lacepède 1803:530 [ref. 4930] and Geoffroy St. Hilaire 1827:282 [ref. 4185]. Neotype designated by Banister 1973:27 [ref. 7554]. •Valid as Barbus bynni (Forsskål 1775) -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:233 [ref. 6186], Lévêque in Lévêque et al. 1990:301 [ref. 21589], Lévèque et al. 1991:140 [ref. 31367], Dankwa et al. 1999:26 [ref. 28023], Seegers et al. 2003:31 [ref. 28087] as 'Barbus'). •Valid as Barbus bynni (Fabricius 1775) -- (Fricke 2008:17 [ref. 30182]). •Valid as Labeobarbus bynni (Forsskål 1775) -- (Tsigenopoulos et al. 2010:852 [ref. 34067], Vreven et al. 2016:56 [ref. 34168], Beshera et al. 2016:377 [ref. 34343] as a subspecies bynni, Neumann et al. 2016:304 [ref. 35036], Akoth et al. 2023:8 [ref. 40069]). •Valid as Labeobarbus bynni (Fabricius 1775). Current status: Valid as Labeobarbus bynni (Fabricius 1775). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Distribution: Northeastern Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

cadenati, Barbus Daget [J.] 1962:80, Fig. 18; Pl. 9 (fig. 18) [Mémoires de l'Institut français d'Afrique Noire No. 65; ref. 5866] Lower Guinea. Syntypes: MNHN 1959-0115 (5), 1960-0443 to 0444 (3, only 1 is a syntype). Additional material: (20). •Valid as Barbus cadenati Daget 1962 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:234 [ref. 6186], Lévêque et al. 1989:116 [ref. 26480], Lévêque in Lévêque et al. 1990:320 [ref. 21589]). •Valid as Enteromius cadenati (Daget 1962) -- (Yang et al. 2015:112 [ref. 33694], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:352 [ref. 35417]). Current status: Valid as Enteromius cadenati (Daget 1962). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Western Africa: Guinea, Fouta Djallon ecoregion endemic. Habitat: freshwater.

caelestis, Capoeta Schöter [C.], Özuluğ [M.] & Freyhof [J.] 2009:230, Figs. 1-4 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 20 (no. 3); ref. 30707] Göksu River at Göksu, below Göksu power station, approximately 80 kilometers northwest of Silifki, 37°02.74'N, 32°44.56'E, Karaman Province, Turkey. Holotype: IUSHM 37930-252. Paratypes: IUSHM 37930-247 (24), FSJF 2304 (22). Type catalog: Özuluğ & Saç 2018:46 [ref. 35782]. •Valid as Capoeta caelestis Schöter, Özuluğ & Freyhof 2009 -- (Levin et al. 2012:545 [ref. 33912], Çiçek et al. 2015:143 [ref. 35151], Zareian et al. 2016:72 [ref. 34282], Alwan et al. 2016:156 [ref. 34334], Alwan et al. 2016:17 [ref. 35686], Turan et al. 2017:437 [ref. 35330], Çiçek et al. 2018:3 [ref. 36267], Elp et al. 2018:103 [ref. 35851], Kaya et al. 2019:2 [ref. 37123], Çiçek et al. 2020:247 [ref. 37644], Jawan & Alwan 2020:201 [ref. 37478], Çiçek et al. 2023:369 [ref. 40625], Çiçek et al. 2024:156 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Capoeta caelestis Schöter, Özuluğ & Freyhof 2009. Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Distribution: Asia Minor: coastal streams between Dim Stream in the west to Göksu River in the east (Mediterranean drainages, Turkey). Habitat: freshwater.

caeruleus, Labeo Day [F.] 1877:540, Pl. 129 (fig. 3) [The fishes of India Part 3; ref. 4886] River at base of Sind Hills, Pakistan. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. Type catalog: Whitehead & Talwar 1976:155 [ref. 23762]. Spelled coeruleus by authors. •Valid as Labeo caeruleus Day 1877 -- (Shrestha 1978:35 [ref. 15970], Talwar & Jhingran 1991:202 [ref. 20764], Rafique 2000:323 [ref. 25220], Jayaram & Dhas 2000:121 [ref. 25342], Mirza 2003:7 [ref. 27265], Shrestha 2008:69 [ref. 29923]). Current status: Valid as Labeo caeruleus Day 1877. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Nepal, India, Sri Lanka, Pakistan and Bangladesh. Habitat: freshwater.

cafer, Labeo Castelnau [F. L.] 1861:60 [Mémoire sur les poissons de l'Afrique australe; ref. 767] River crossing the Cat-River-Settlement, a branch of Great Fish River, northwestern Cafrerie, Cape Province, South Africa. •Synonym of Labeo umbratus (Smith 1841) -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:321 [ref. 6186]). Current status: Synonym of Labeo umbratus (Smith 1841). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater.

cailaoensis, Guigarra Wang [Z.-B.], Chen [X.-Y.] & Zheng [L.-P.] 2022:410, Fig. 1 [Zoological Research v. 43 (no. 3); ref. 39197] Cailao River, Fengcheng Town, Fengshan County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, 24.61°N, 106.97°E, elevation about 688 meters. Holotype: KIZ 20210004. Paratypes: KIZ 20210001-0003 (3), 20210005-0008 (4). •Valid as Guigarra cailaoensis Wang, Chen & Zheng 2022. Current status: Valid as Guigarra cailaoensis Wang, Chen & Zheng 2022. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: East Asia: Cailao River drainage, Honshui River basin, upper Pearl River basin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. Habitat: freshwater.

calbasu, Cyprinus Hamilton [F.] 1822:297, 387, Pl. 2 (fig. 33) [An account of the fishes found in the river Ganges; ref. 2031] Bengal and western provinces, India. No types known. Hamilton's original illustration reproduced by Britz 2019:Pl. 175 [ref. 37532]. •Valid as Morulius calbasu (Hamilton 1822) -- (Rainboth 1996:115 [ref. 22772]). •Valid as Labeo calbasu (Hamilton 1822) -- (Shrestha 1978:35 [ref. 15970], Ataur Rahman 1989:115 [ref. 24860], Talwar & Jhingran 1991:203 [ref. 20764], Sen 1995:507 [ref. 23778], Doi 1997:6 [ref. 22832], Rema Devi & Raghunathan 1999:151 [ref. 24759], Rema Devi & Raghunathan 1999:168 [ref. 24760], Menon 1999:129 [ref. 24904], Rafique 2000:323 [ref. 25220], Mirza 2000:355 [ref. 25207], Jayaram & Dhas 2000:83 [ref. 25342], Karmakar 2000:28 [ref. 25662], Yadav 2000:40 [ref. 25661], Raju Thomas et al. 2002:49 [ref. 26359], Rafique et al. 2003:97 [ref. 27173], Mirza 2003:7 [ref. 27265], Yadav 2003:10 [ref. 27711], Ataur Rahman 2003:132 [ref. 31338], Shrestha 2008:69 [ref. 29923], Ahmed et al. 2013:286 [ref. 32872], Kottelat 2013:115 [ref. 32989], Zhang et al. 2016:210 [ref. 34477], Plamoottil & Zupančič 2017:305 [ref. 35479], Arunkumar & Manimekalan 2018:1739 [ref. 36172], Bleher 2018:580 [ref. 36647], Kosygin et al. 2022:652 [ref. 40736], Tudu et al. 2022:43 [ref. 40484], Gupta et al. 2024:101 [ref. 41453] as Lebeo calbasu). Current status: Valid as Labeo calbasu (Hamilton 1822). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: South Asia: Nepal, India, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Bangladesh and ?China. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

caldwelli, Barbus Nichols [J. T.] 1925:2 [American Museum Novitates No. 185; ref. 3180] Near Yenping [Yanping], Fukien [Fujian], China. Holotype: AMNH 8434. Paratypes: AMNH 10223 (3). •Valid as Barbodes caldwelli (Nichols 1925) -- (Wu et al. 1977:252 [ref. 4807]). •Synonym of Spinibarbus hollandi Oshima 1919 -- (Chu & Cui in Chu & Chen 1989:150 [ref. 13584], Shan et al. in Yue 2000:39 [ref. 25272], Kottelat 2001:81 [ref. 25780], Zhang et al. 2016:105 [ref. 34477]). •Valid as Spinibarbus caldwelli (Nichols 1925) -- (Mai 1978:78 [ref. 13511], Jin in Kuang et al. 1986:108 [ref. 26639], Zheng et al. 1989:166 [ref. 21202], Chen et al. in Pan et al. 1991:140 [ref. 23876], Zhu 1995:51 [ref. 25213], Tang et al. 2001:12 [ref. 25373], Kottelat 2013:156 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Valid as Spinibarbus caldwelli (Nichols 1925). Cyprinidae: Spinibarbinae. Distribution: Fukien Province, China. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

calidus, Barbus Barnard [K. H.] 1938:86 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 11) v. 2 (no. 7); ref. 15990] Jan Dissels River, Olifants River system, Cape Province, South Africa. Lectotype: SAM 18605 [now at AMG]. Paralectotypes: [SAM now at AMG] SAM 18605 (with lectotype, many), 18606 (many), 18756 (many), plus apparently lost: 2912-2915 (1, 1, 1, 1), 22499 (?). Lectotype selected by Skelton 1988:295 [ref. 7302]. •Valid as Barbus calidus Barnard 1938 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:234 [ref. 6186], Skelton 1988:295 [ref. 7302], Skelton 1993:153 [ref. 24071], Skelton 2001:153 [ref. 27406]). •Valid as Pseudobarbus calidus (Barnard 1938) -- (Yang et al. 2015:89, 112 [ref. 33694]). •Valid as Sedercypris calidus (Barnard 1938) -- (Skelton et al. 2018:19 [ref. 35835]). Current status: Valid as Sedercypris calidus (Barnard 1938). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Clanwilliam - Olifants River system, southern Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

callensis, Barbus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1842:147 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 16; ref. 1009] Lake near La Calle, Algeria. Lectotype: MNHN 0000-0001. Paralectotypes: MNHN B-2584 [ex MNHN 0000-0001] (6). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:23-24 [ref. 19574]. Lectotype selected by Almaça 1969:1135 [ref. 20712]. •Valid as Barbus callensis Valenciennes 1842 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:234 [ref. 6186], Azeroual et al. 2000:20 [ref. 25366]). •Valid as Luciobarbus callensis (Valenciennes 1842) -- (Levin et al.2012:544 [ref. 33912], Brahimi et al. 2017:36 [ref. 35360], Brahimi et al. 2018:557 [ref. 35974], Freyhof et al. 2020:5 [ref. 37614]). Current status: Valid as Luciobarbus callensis (Valenciennes 1842). Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Distribution: North Africa: eastern Algeria and Tunesia. Habitat: freshwater.

callewaerti, Barbus Nichols [J. T.] & LaMonte [F. R.] 1933:3, Fig. 2 [American Museum Novitates No. 656; ref. 3187] Luluabourg [Kananga], Kasai Province, Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype (unique): AMNH 12339. •Synonym of Varicorhinus macrolepidotus Pellegrin 1928 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:339 [ref. 6186]). •Synonym of Labeobarbus macrolepidotus (Pellegrin 1928) -- (Vreven et al. 2016:63 [ref. 34168]). Current status: Synonym of Labeobarbus macrolepidotus (Pellegrin 1928). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Habitat: freshwater.

callipterus, Barbus Boulenger [G. A.] 1907:486 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 20 (no. 120) (art. 66); ref. 15138] Kribi River at Akok, southern Cameroon. Syntypes: BMNH 1908.5.30.178-181 (4). •Valid as Barbus callipterus Boulenger 1907 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:236 [ref. 6186], Lévêque 1989:211 [ref. 13471], Paugy & Bénech 1989:301 [ref. 26478], Lévêque in Lévêque et al. 1990:345 [ref. 21589], Dankwa et al. 1999:28 [ref. 28023], De Weirdt et al. 2007:493 [ref. 30024]). •Valid as Enteromius callipterus (Boulenger 1907) -- (Armbruster et al. 2015:[4] [ref. 34099], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:352 [ref. 35417], Skelton 2019:227 [ref. 36564], Ren et al. 2020:[5] [ref. 37805], Fermon et al. 2022:138 [ref. 39448] possible). Current status: Valid as Enteromius callipterus (Boulenger 1907). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Western-central Africa: Ivory Coast to Equatorial Guinea. Habitat: freshwater.

callopterus, Epalzeorhynchus Günther [A.] 1868:76 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 7; ref. 1990] Unjustified emendation of Barbus kalopterus Bleeker 1850. •Synonym of Epalzeorhynchos kalopterum (Bleeker 1850) -- ( Kottelat 2013:101 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Epalzeorhynchos kalopterum (Bleeker 1850). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater.

cambodgiensis, Cirrhina (Crossochilus) Tirant [G.] 1884:170, Pl. 2 (fig. 1) [Bulletin de la Société des Études Indo-chinoises. Saigon. 1883; ref. 17921] Montagnes de Samrong Tong, Cambodia. Holotype (unique): MHNL 4200-0002 (3465). On p. 37, pl. 2 (fig. 1) of reprint in Chevey 1929 [ref. 16215]. Original genus should have been Cirrhinus. •Valid as Garra cambodgiensis (Tirant 1884) -- (Kottelat 1987:11, 21 [ref. 11434], Rainboth 1996:121 [ref. 22772], Doi 1997:5 [ref. 22832], Kottelat 1998:29 [ref. 23436], Freyhof et al. 2000:94 [ref. 25184], Kottelat 2001:50 [ref. 25780], Zhang & Chen 2002:463 [ref. 26897], Kottelat 2013:103 [ref. 32989], Lothongkham et al. 2014:551 [ref. 33283], Vilasri et al. 2014:24 [ref. 33693], Kottelat 2015:41 [ref. 33971], Zhang et al. 2016:110 [ref. 34477], Kangrang et al. 2016:343 [ref. 34836], Nebeshwar & Vishwanath 2017:25 [ref. 35484], Ng et al. 2019:523 [ref. 36606], Page et al. 2019:331 [ref. 37084], Fu et al. 2021:9570 [ref. 39347]). •Valid as Ceratogarra cambodgiensis (Tirant 1884) -- (Kottelat 2020:160 [ref. 37410], Taki et al. 2021:178 [ref. 39830]). Current status: Valid as Ceratogarra cambodgiensis (Tirant 1884). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Mekong, Chao Phraya and Mae Khlong River basins and northern part of the Malay Peninsula, Yunnan (China), Laos, Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia and Malaysia. Habitat: freshwater.

cameroonensis, Prolabeops Schultz [L. P.] 1941:87, Pl. 13; Fig. (p. 87) [Proceedings of the New England Zoölogical Club v. 18; ref. 3954] Cameroon, western Africa. Holotype: MCZ 35368. Paratypes: MCZ 35369 (1), USNM 119204 (1). •Synonym of Prolabeops melanhypoptera [sic] (Pellegrin 1928) -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:331 [ref. 6186]). Current status: Synonym of Prolabeops melanhypopterus (Pellegrin 1928). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Habitat: freshwater.

camerunensis, Labeo Trewavas [E.] 1974:340, Pl. 3 [Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Zoology v. 26 (no. 5); ref. 7546] Mungo River at bridge near Etam, western Cameroon. Holotype: BMNH 1973.5.14.324. Paratypes: BMNH 1973.5.14.322-323 (2, 1 c&s), 1973.5.14.325-326 (2). Lectotype selected by Reid 1985:243 [ref. 19189]. •Synonym of Labeo batesii Boulenger 1911 -- (Reid 1985:134 [ref. 19189]). •Valid as Labeo camerunensis Trewavas 1974 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:305 [ref. 6186], Tshibwabwa 1997:124 [ref. 24616], De Weirdt et al. 2007:557 [ref. 30024], Fermon et al. 2022:135 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Labeo camerunensis Trewavas 1974. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Western-central Africa: southern Cameroon and Gabon. Habitat: freshwater.

camerunensis, Raddabarbus Thys van den Audenaerde [D. F. E.] 1971:133, Figs. 1-7 [Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines v. 83 (nos 1-2); ref. 4403] Miangadju, kilometers 12 on road Kribi-Ebolowa, 2°53'N, 9°58'E, Cameroon, western Africa. Holotype: MRAC 171879. Paratypes: (39) MRAC 171880-91 (12), 171892-916 (25), 171917-36 (20). •Synonym of Barboides gracilis Brüning 1929 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:217 [ref. 6186], Lévêque in Lévêque et al. 1990:287 [ref. 21589], Conway & Moritz 2006:73 [ref. 28637], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:351 [ref. 35417]). Current status: Synonym of Barboides gracilis Brüning 1929. Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Habitat: freshwater.

camptacanthus, Puntius (Barbodes) Bleeker [P.] 1863:111, Pl. 23 (fig. 2) [Natuurkundige Verhandelingen van de Hollandsche Maatschappij der Wetenschappen te Haarlem (Ser. 2) v. 18 (1862); ref. 395] Fernando Póo Island [Bioco Island], Equatorial Guinea, Gulf of Guinea. Syntypes: RMNH 2458 (3). •Valid as Barbus camptacanthus (Bleeker 1863) -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:237 [ref. 6186], Lévêque in Lévêque et al. 1990:336 [ref. 21589], De Weirdt et al. 2007:495 [ref. 30024]). •Valid as Enteromius camptacanthus (Bleeker 1863) -- (Armbruster et al. 2015:[4] [ref. 34099], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:352 [ref. 35417], Mamonekene et al. 2018:11 [ref. 36400], Skelton 2019:227 [ref. 36564], Mipounga et al. 2019:14 [ref. 36746], Fermon et al. 2022:138 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Enteromius camptacanthus (Bleeker 1863). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Western-central Africa: Cameroon south to Gabon. Habitat: freshwater.

canalii, Barbus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1842:143 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 16; ref. 1009] Topico [Topino] and Tevere, near Perugia, Italy. Lectotype: MNHN 0000-1412. Paralectotypes: (2) whereabouts unknown. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:23 [ref. 19574]. Lectotype selected by Almaça 1969:1132 [ref. 20712]. •Synonym of Barbus tyberinus Bonaparte 1839 -- (Bianco 1995:313 [ref. 21944], Kottelat 1997:51 [ref. 22952], Bianoc in Bănărescu & Bogutskaya 2003:427 [ref. 27353]). Current status: Synonym of Barbus tyberinus Bonaparte 1839. Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Habitat: freshwater.

canarensis, Gobio Jerdon [T. C.] 1849:306 [Madras Journal of Literature and Science v. 15 (pt 2); ref. 4902] Neotype locality Daksshin Kanada, India. Old locality: Canara, southern India. Neotype: ZRI/SRC F 4003. Neotype designation by Knight et al. 2013:210 [ref. 33021]. •Synonym of Hypselobarbus curmuca (Hamilton 1807) -- (Menon 1999:76 [ref. 24904]). •Valid as Hypselobarbus canarensis (Jerdon 1849) -- (Knight et al. 2013:204 [ref. 33021], Bleher 2018:556 [ref. 36647]). •Not a synonym of Hypselobarbus kurali Menon & Rema Devi 1995 -- (Arunachalam et al. 2016:77 [ref. 34553]). Current status: Uncertain as Hypselobarbus canarensis (Jerdon 1849). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Distribution: Canara, southern India. Habitat: freshwater.

candens, Barbus Nichols [J. T.] & Griscom [L.] 1917:701, Fig. 15 [Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History v. 37 (art. 25); ref. 3185] Kisangani, Orientale Province, Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype: AMNH 6046. Paratypes: (54) AMNH 6251 (47), USNM 94243 (2). •Valid as Barbus candens Nichols & Griscom 1917 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:237 [ref. 6186]). •Valid as Enteromius candens (Nichols & Griscom 1917) -- (Yang et al. 2015:112 [ref. 33694], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:352 [ref. 35417], Manda et al. 2020:12 [ref. 37046]). Current status: Valid as Enteromius candens (Nichols & Griscom 1917). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Congo River basin, Central Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

caninus, Barbus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1842:142, Pl. 464 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 16; ref. 1009] [Lac Majeur] Lago Maggiore, Italy. Lectotype: MNHN 0000-1408. Paralectotypes: MNHN 0000-0070 (1), B-2578 [ex MNHN 0000-2597] (1), 0000-2583 (2), B-2597 (2), 0000-3369 (4), 0000-3943 (1), 0000-3944 (1, dry). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:23 [ref. 19574]. Appeared first as name only in Cuvier 1829:273 [ref. 995] and as Valenciennes in Cuvier 1842:217 [ref. 4980]. Type information: Almaça 1969:1120, 1132-1133 [ref. 20712] who allocated the type specimens among 3 species and named two lectotypes; Kottelat 1997:48 [ref. 22952] selected MNHN 1408 as lectotype, which is the specimen referred to Barbus meridionalis caninus by Almaça. •Permanently invalid; synonym and homonym of Barbus caninus Bonaparte 1839 -- (Bianco 1995:318 [ref. 21944], Bianco in Bogutskaya in Bănărescu & Bogutskaya 2003:130 [ref. 27353]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Barbus caninus Bonaparte 1839. Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Habitat: freshwater.

caninus, Barbus Bonaparte [C. L.] 1839:fasc. 25, punt. 129, Pl. 110 bis (fig. 2) [Iconografia della fauna italica; ref. 4895] Piemonte, Po River basin, Italy. Lectotype: ANSP 6142. Paralectotypes: ANSP 6143 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:71 [ref. 13621]. Lectotype selected by Bianco 1995:318 [ref. 21944]. •Valid as Barbus caninus Bonaparte 1839 -- (Krupp 1985:22 [ref. 11626] dating to Valenciennes, Bianco 1995:318 [ref. 21944], Kottelat 1997:48 [ref. 22952], Kotlík et al. 2002:236 [ref. 26484], Bianco in Bănărescu & Bogutskaya 2003:129 [ref. 27353], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:121 [ref. 29996], Bianco 2013:9 [ref. 32897], Bianco 2013:9 [ref. 32897], Levin et al. 2013:544 [ref. 33912], Buonerba et al. 2015:115 [ref. 35178], Lorenzoni et al. 2019:251 [ref. 37108], Rossi et al. 2021:6 [ref. 38697]). Current status: Valid as Barbus caninus Bonaparte 1839. Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Distribution: Southern Europe: northern Italy and Switzerland; some introductions elsewhere. Habitat: freshwater.

canis, Barbus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1842:186, Pl. 468 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 16; ref. 1009] Jordan River, Palestine. Lectotype: MNHN 0000-1413. Paralectotypes: MNHN 0000-3994 (1, dry). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:26 [ref. 19574]. Lectotype selected by Krupp & Schneider 1989:360 [ref. 13651]. •Valid as Barbus canis Valenciennes 1842 -- (Goren 1974:91 [ref. 7502], Krupp & Schneider 1989:360 [ref. 13651], Coad 1991:23 [ref. 15702], Coad 1996:84 [ref. 25304], Hamidan 2004:386 [ref. 37679]). •Valid as Carasobarbus canis (Valenciennes 1842) -- (Ekmekçi & Bănărescu 1998:91 [ref. 26519], Borkenhagen et al. 2011:328 [ref. 31372], Borkenhagen & Krupp 2013:11 [ref. 32915], Khalaf 2013:4 [ref. 37897], Mohamed et al. 2016:1 [ref. 35027], Borkenhagen 2017:293 [ref. 35158], Çiçek et al. 2023:458 [ref. 40601], Saad et al. 2023:16 [ref. 40501], Çiçek et al. 2024:133 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Carasobarbus canis (Valenciennes 1842). Cyprinidae: Torinae. Distribution: Middle East: Jordan River System (Israel, Jordan); coastal rivers of the Mediterranean Sea (Israel). Introduced in Azraq Oasis. Habitat: freshwater.

canius, Cyprinus Hamilton [F.] 1822:320, 390 [An account of the fishes found in the river Ganges; ref. 2031] Pond in Cooch Behar District, West Bengal, India. Neotype: ZSI.SRC F.8732. Neotype designated by Knight 2013:176 [ref. 32828]. Information on type locality (originally Gualpara, Assam, India) see Britz 2019:46 [ref. 37532]. Hamilton's original, unpublished illustration reproduced by Britz 2019:Pl. 191 [ref. 37532]. •Synonym of Puntius gelius (Hamilton 1822) -- (Menon 1999:94 [ref. 24904]). •Synonym of Pethia gelius (Hamilton 1822) -- (Pethiyagoda et al. 2012:81 [ref. 32071] based on placment of gelius). •Valid as Pethia canius (Hamilton 1822) -- (Knight 2013:173 [ref. 32828], Katwate et al. 2014:244 [ref. 33433], Shangningam & Vishwanath 2018:591 [ref. 35803], Bleher 2018:656 [ref. 36647], Shangningam et al. 2020:332 [ref. 37259], Shangningam & Kosygin 2023:18 [ref. 39886]). Current status: Valid as Pethia canius (Hamilton 1822). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: South Asia: Ganga-Brahmaputra basin, West Bengal, India. Habitat: freshwater.

cantini, Tylognathus Sauvage [H.-E.] 1882:175 [Bulletin de la Société philomathique de Paris (7th Série) v. 6; ref. 3894] Ethiopia. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000-1789. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:19 [ref. 19574]. •Synonym of Labeo cylindricus Peters 1852 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:310 [ref. 6186], Seegers 1996:150 [ref. 23725], Tshibwabwa 1997:451 [ref. 24617]). Current status: Synonym of Labeo cylindricus Peters 1852. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Habitat: freshwater.

cantonensis, Carassius auratus var. Tchang [T.-L.] 1933:27, Fig. 8 [Zoologica Sinica Ser. B v. 2 (no. 1); ref. 16463] Canton, China. Holotype (unique): ZMFMIB (now ASIZB) 9236. •Synonym of Carassius carassius (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Chen & Huang 1977:432 [ref. 8497]). •Synonym of Carassius auratus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Zheng et al. 1989:239 [ref. 21202], Liu in Pan et al. 1991:229 [ref. 23876], Luo & Yue in Yue 2000:430 [ref. 25272] as contonensis, Kottelat 2013:85 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Carassius auratus (Linnaeus 1758). Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater.

cantonensis, Carpio Heincke [F.] 1892:70, Pl. 8 (figs. 8-9) [ ref. 14510] Canton, China. Kiel Univ. Not available, specifically proposed for a hybrid according to Kottelat 2001:19 [ref. 25482]; but Heincke's specimen was made the neotype of Cyprinus acuminatus Richardson 1846. •Valid as Carassioides cantonensis (Heincke 1892) -- (Chen & Huang 1977:429 [ref. 8497], Mai 1978:26 [ref. 13511], Kuang in Kuang et al. 1986:141 [ref. 26639], Zheng et al. 1989:238 [ref. 21202], Liu in Pan et al. 1991:227 [ref. 23876], Zhu 1995:99 [ref. 25213], Luo & Yue in Yue 2000:425 [ref. 25272], Zhang et al. 2016:80 [ref. 34477]). •In the synonymy of Carassioides acuminatus (Richardson 1846) -- (Kottelat 2013:84 [ref. 32989]). Hybrid. Current status: Synonym of Carassioides acuminatus (Richardson 1846). Cyprinidae: Cyprininae.

caobangi, Discogobio Nguyen [V. H.] in Nguyen & Ngô 2002:562, Fig. 290 [Freshwater fishes of Viet Nam. Volume I. Family Cyprinidae v. 1; ref. 28301] Sông Bàng, Cao Bàng, Viêt Nam. Holotype (unique): VNCNTTS I: H.01.97.02.01. •Valid as Discogobio caobangi Nguyen 2002. Current status: Valid as Discogobio caobangi Nguyen 2002. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Bang, River, Cao Bang Province, Vietnam. Habitat: freshwater.

capensis, Abrostomus Smith [A.] 1841:no pagination, Pl. 12 (fig. 2) [Illustrations of the zoology of South Africa v. 4; ref. 4035] Vredefort Road, Orange River Colony, 22°07'S, 22°07'E, South Africa. Neotype: BMNH 1902.12.11.11. Neotype designated by Reid 1985:113 [ref. 19189]. •Valid as Labeo capensis (Smith 1841) -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:307 [ref. 6186], Reid 1985:112 [ref. 19189], Skelton 1993:178 [ref. 24071], Hay et al. 1999:42 [ref. 40428], Skelton 2001:178 [ref. 27406]). Current status: Valid as Labeo capensis (Smith 1841). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Southern Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

capensis, Barbus (Cheilobarbus) Smith [A.] 1841:no pagination, Pl. 10 (fig. 1) [Illustrations of the zoology of South Africa v. 4; ref. 4035] Olifants River, western coast of South Africa. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1845.7.3.99 (dry). The Labeobarbus capensis of authors is Labeobarbus seeberi (Gilchrist & Thompson 1913), see Vreven et al. 2016:69 [ref. 34168] and Skelton et al. 2018:6 [ref. 35835]. •Valid as Barbus capensis Smith 1841 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:237 [ref. 6186], Skelton 1993:171 [ref. 24071]). •Valid as Labeobarbus capensis (Smith 1841) -- (Skelton 2001:171 [ref. 27406], Tsigenopoulos et al. 2010:852 [ref. 34067], de Graaf et al. 2010:340 [ref. 34085], Beshera et al. 2016:377 [ref. 34343]). •Valid as Pseudobarbus capensis (Smith 1841) -- (Vreven et al. 2016:21 [ref. 34168], Hayes & Armbruster 2017:356 [ref. 35417] as Pseudobarbus). •Valid as Cheilobarbus capensis (Smith 1841) -- (Skelton et al. 2018:17 [ref. 35835]). Current status: Valid as Cheilobarbus capensis (Smith 1841). Cyprinidae: Smiliogastrinae. Distribution: Olifants River system, South Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

capensis, Carassius vulgaris var. Peters [W. (C. H.)] 1864:393 [Monatsberichte der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1864; ref. 3437] South Africa. Syntypes: ZMB 3452 (2). Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater.

capito, Cyprinus Güldenstädt [J. A. von] 1773:519, 520 [Novi Commentarii Academiae Scientiarum Imperialis Petropolitanae v. 17 (for 1772); ref. 18173] Kura River, Transcaucasia. No types known. •Valid as Barbus capito subspecies capito Güldenstädt 1773 -- (Ninua & Japoshvili 2008:165 [ref. 31251]). •Valid as Barbus capito (Güldenstädt 1773) -- (Berg 1949:698 [ref. 20661], Coad 1981:9 [ref. 22348], Bianco & Bănărescu 1982:76 [ref. 8508], Mitrofanov et al. 1988:41 [ref. 37734], Coad 1995:12 [ref. 23608], Reshetnikov et al. 1997:735 [ref. 24702], Bogutskaya 1998:88 [ref. 23589], Coad 1998:102 [ref. 23869], Tsigenopoulos & Berrebi 2000:169 [ref. 25489], Gabrielyan 2001:26 [ref. 25867], Bogutskaya et al. 2001:44 [ref. 26178], Bogutskaya et al. in Bănărescu & Bogutskaya 2003:147 [ref. 27353]). •Valid as Luciobarbus capito (Güldenstädt 1773) -- (Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:49 [ref. 28183], Fricke et al. 2007:42 [ref. 29533], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:137 [ref. 29996], Turan et al. 2008:41 [ref. 29741], Esmaeili et al. 2010:370 [ref. 33391], Levin et al. 2012:544 [ref. 33912]. Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:874 [ref. 34062], Casel-Lopez et al. 2015:4 [ref. 33943], Çiçek et al. 2015:144 [ref. 35151], Esmaeili et al. 2017:51 [ref. 35254], Esmaeili et al. 2018:31 [ref. 36089], Çiçek et al. 2020:247 [ref. 37644], Dyldin et al. 2020:81, 105 [ref. 37569], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:82 [ref. 37983], Kaya et al. 2020:330 [ref. 37582], Kuljanishvili et al. 2020:[4] [ref. 37535], Çiçek et al. 2023:24 [ref. 40326], Çiçek et al. 2023:372 [ref. 40625], Dyldin et al. 2023:[12] [ref. 40328], Çiçek et al. 2024:168 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Luciobarbus capito (Güldenstädt 1773). Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Distribution: Eurasia: Aral Sea and western and southern Caspian Sea river basins; anadromous and non-anadromous. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

capoeta, Cyprinus Güldenstädt [J. A. von] 1773:508, Pl. 8 [Novi Commentarii Academiae Scientiarum Imperialis Petropolitanae v. 17 (for 1772); ref. 18173] Tiflis, Caspian Sea. No types known. Species name spelling from title, with u's replacing v's, and p. 521. •Synonym of Varicorhinus heratensis (Kessler 1872), but a valid subspecies steindachneri Boulenger 1910 -- (Starostin 1945:132 [ref. 40406]). •Valid as Varicorhinus capoeta (Güldenstädt 1773) -- (Berg 1949:676 [ref. 20661], Gabrielian 1998:229 [ref. 27566]). •Valid as Capoeta capoeta (Güldenstädt 1773) -- (Coad 1981:9 [ref. 22348], Coad 1991:15 [ref. 15702], Talwar & Jhingran 1991:160 [ref. 20764], Coad 1995:14 [ref. 23608], Bănărescu 1999:387 [ref. 24846], Coad & Abdoli 2000:56 [ref. 25296], Coad 1996:71 [ref. 25297], Coad 1998:102 [ref. 23869], Gabrielyan 2001:27 [ref. 25867], Bogutskaya et al. in Bănărescu & Bogutskaya 2003:147 [ref. 27353], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:48 [ref. 28183], Turan et al. 2006:152 [ref. 28700], Fricke et al. 2007:34 [ref. 29533], Özuluğ & Freyhof 2008:293 [ref. 29981], Ninua & Japoshvili 2008:165 [ref. 31251], Esmaeili et al. 2010:368 [ref. 33391], Levin et al. 2012:545 [ref. 33912], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:868 [ref. 34062], Çiçek et al. 2015:143 [ref. 35151], Zareian et al. 2016:71 [ref. 34282], Esmaeili et al. 2016:42 [ref. 34283], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2016:169 [ref. 34989], Esmaeili et al. 2017:39 [ref. 35254], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2017:152 [ref. 35425], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2017:153 [ref. 35538], Zareian et al. 2017:22 [ref. 35636], Elp et al. 2018:103 [ref. 35851], Levin et al. 2019:39 [ref. 36600], Çiçek et al. 2020:247 [ref. 37644], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:40 [ref. 37983], Kaya et al. 2020:327 [ref. 37582], Kuljanishvili et al. 2020:[4] [ref. 37535], Eagderi & Mousavi-Sabet 2021:41 [ref. 38914]Çiçek et al. 2022:[7] 1330 [ref. 40525], Çiçek et al. 2023:51 [ref. 40326], Çiçek et al. 2023:369 [ref. 40625], Çiçek et al. 2024:157 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Capoeta capoeta (Güldenstädt 1773). Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Distribution: Eurasia: eastern Turkey and southern Caspian Sea watersheds (Georgia, Turkey, Azerbaijan, Armenia and Iran). Habitat: freshwater.

capoetoides, Varicorhinus Pellegrin [J.] 1939:373 [Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France v. 63 (no. 7) [for 1938]; ref. 17213] Questionably the Chad River basin. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1938-0030. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:47 [ref. 19574]. •Valid as Varicorhinus capoetoides Pellegrin 1939 -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:337 [ref. 6186], Lévèque et al. 1991:142 [ref. 31367], Getahun et al. 2004:159 [ref. 27830]). •Possibly a synonym of Capoeta trutta (Heckel 1843) -- (Vreven et al. 2016:29 [ref. 34168]). •Synonym of Paracapoeta trutta (Heckel 1843) -- (Çiçek et al. 2024:177 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Paracapoeta trutta (Heckel 1843). Cyprinidae: Barbinae. Habitat: freshwater.