Please look in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes for authorships of sections, Families of Fishes (all), and related information.

Species in the family or subfamily Fundulidae: [ 117 ] records

adinia, Fundulus Jordan [D. S.] & Gilbert [C. H.] 1883:335 [Bulletin of the United States National Museum No. 16; ref. 2476] Coast of Texas, Rio Grande. Based on literature sources. Appeared as nomen nudum in Good & Bean 1882. Junior synonym: Gephyrura Cope 1891 (Pleistocene) (see Cope 1891:654 [ref. 36940]). •Synonym of Fundulus zebrinus Jordan & Gilbert 1883 -- (Wildekamp 1996:306 [ref. 23649]). •Synonym of Plancterus zebrinus (Jordan & Gilbert 1883) -- (Lazara 2001:253 [ref. 25711]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus zebrinus Jordan & Gilbert 1883. Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

affinis, Lucania Girard [C. F.] 1859:118 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 11; ref. 27410] Matamoras, Mexico. Syntypes: (2). •Synonym of Lucania parva (Baird & Girard 1855) -- (Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:217 [ref. 24550], Lazara 2001:200 [ref. 25711]). Current status: Synonym of Lucania parva (Baird & Girard 1855). Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

albolineatus, Fundulus Gilbert [C. H.] 1891:149, Pl. 43 (fig. 1) [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 9 (art. 10) (for 1889); ref. 12400] Spring Creek, Huntsville, about 34°44'N, 86°35'W, Alabama, U.S.A. Lectotype: needs research. Paralectotypes (incl. lectotype): USNM 125055 (1), 225996 (1); CAS-SU 1029 (8); UMMZ 15792 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:53 [ref. 12291]. Lectotype established (as figured specimen) in caption to Pl. 105, p. 3255 in Jordan & Evermann 1900 [ref. 2446] if figured specimen is identifiable and an original type. Now extinct -- (Lazara 2001:140 [ref. 25711], Ghedotti et al. 2004:53 [ref. 27500]). •Valid as Fundulus albolineatus Gilbert 1891 -- (Lee et al. 1980:507 [ref. 22416], Boschung 1992:85 [ref. 23239], Wildekamp 1996:225 [ref. 23649], Mettee et al. 1996:447 [ref. 25836], Lazara 2001:140 [ref. 25711], Ghedotti et al. 2004:53 [ref. 27500], Nelson et al. 2004:102 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:384 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2007:12 [ref. 30398], Page & Burr 2011:428 [ref. 31215], Ghedotti & Davis 2013:58 [ref. 32490] in subgenus Fundulus, Page et al. 2013:105 [ref. 32708], Bagley et al. 2023:319 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:140 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Fundulus albolineatus Gilbert 1891. Fundulidae. Distribution: North America: Alabama (U.S.A.) [extinct]. Habitat: freshwater.

amblops, Hydrargyra Rafinesque [C. S.] 1818:354 [American Monthly Magazine and Critical Review v. 3 (no. 5) (art. 3) (Sept.); ref. 3586] Not available, name only. Nomen Nudum. Fundulidae.

antillarum, Fundulus Fowler [H. W.] 1916:418, Fig. 1 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 68; ref. 1394] St. Martin Island, West Indies [probably incorrect]. Holotype: ANSP 7225. Paratypes: ANSP 7226 (1, in jar with holotype). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:95 [ref. 13621]. •Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Wildekamp 1996:261-262 [ref. 23649]). •Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766), subspecies heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Lazara 2001:150 [ref. 25711]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766). Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

arlingtonia, Gambusia Goode [G. B.] & Bean [B. A.] in Goode 1879:118 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 2 (no. 73); ref. 1836] Arlington River, Strawberry Mills, Florida, U.S.A. Syntypes: (many) USNM 21308 (?now 1). •Synonym of Fundulus chrysotus (Günther 1866) -- (Wildekamp 1996:235 [ref. 23649], Lazara 2001:142 [ref. 25711]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus chrysotus (Günther 1866). Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater.

aureus, Fundulus Cope [E. D.] 1865:78 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 17; ref. 907] Detroit River at Grosse Isle, Wayne County, Michigan, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): ANSP 7142. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:95 [ref. 13621]; see also Fowler 1918:43 [ref. 11665]. •Synonym of Fundulus notatus (Rafinesque 1820) -- (Wildekamp 1996:280 [ref. 23649], Lazara 2001:156 [ref. 25711]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus notatus (Rafinesque 1820). Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater.

auroguttatus, Zygonectes Hay [O. P.] 1885:556 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 8 (no. 537); ref. 14451] Westville, Florida, U.S.A. Lectotype: USNM 37362. Paralectotypes: (7) USNM 315090 (1). Lectotype selected by Gilbert et al. 1992:755 [ref. 19877]. •Valid as Fundulus auroguttatus (Hay 1885) -- (Boschung 1992:85 [ref. 23239], Gilbert et al. 1992:758 [ref. 19877], Mettee et al. 1996:449 [ref. 25836]). •Synonym of Fundulus cingulatus Valenciennes 1846 -- (Wildekamp 1996:238 [ref. 23649], Lazara 2002:227 [ref. 25897]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus cingulatus Valenciennes 1846. Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater.

badius, Fundulus heteroclitus var. Garman [S.] 1895:100 [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 19 (pt 1); ref. 1538] Not available, no distinguishing features presented; from Grand Menan I., Bay of Fundy, New Brunswick, Canada. •In the synonymy of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Wildekamp 1996:261 [ref. 23649]). •In the synonymy of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766), subspecies macrolepidotus (Walbaum 1792) -- (Lazara 2001:153 [ref. 25711]). Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766). Fundulidae.

balboae, Fundulus Fowler [H. W.] 1916:423, Fig. 2 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 68; ref. 1394] Balboa, (Pacific) Panama [? in error]. Holotype (unique): ANSP 16738 [not 16728]. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:95 [ref. 13621]. •Synonym of Fundulus olivaceus (Storer 1845) -- (Wildekamp 1996:285 [ref. 23649], Lazara 2001:158 [ref. 25711]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus olivaceus (Storer 1845). Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater.

bartrami, Fundulus Fowler [H. W.] 1941:235, Figs. 8-9 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 92 (for 1940); ref. 13235] Outlet of mineral spring, south side of Lake Jessup about 2 miles from the west end, Seminole County, Florida, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): ANSP 69158. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:95 [ref. 13621]. •Synonym of Fundulus confluentus Goode & Bean 1879 -- (Wildekamp 1996:241 [ref. 23649], Lazara 2001:144 [ref. 25711]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus confluentus Goode & Bean 1879. Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

bermudae, Fundulus Günther [A.] 1874:370 [4] [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 4) v. 14 (no. 83) (art. 47); ref. 2006] Bermuda. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1872.8.28.68. •Valid as Fundulus bermudae Günther 1874 -- (Wildekamp 1996:227 [ref. 23649], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:179 [ref. 25013], Lazara 2001:141 [ref. 25711], Grady et al. 2001:42 [ref. 25638]). •Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Ghedotti & Davis 2013:5 [ref. 32490], Smith-Vaniz & Collette 2013:170 [ref. 32953]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766). Fundulidae. Distribution: Bermuda (if valid) Habitat: freshwater.

bifax, Fundulus Cashner [R. C.] & Rogers [J. S.] in Cashner, Rogers & Grady 1988:675, Fig. 1 [Copeia 1988 (no. 3); ref. 6681] Tallapoosa River, 5.3 kilometers south-southeast of Daviston, Tallapoosa County, Alabama, about 33°02'N, 85°37'W, U.S.A. Holotype: UMMZ 213930. Paratypes: SIUC 15488 (6); TU 15280 (3), 41114 (9); UAIC 7927.01 (10); UF 45225 (10); UMMZ 213931 (4); UNOVC 5059 (18), 5252 (4), 5414 (8); UT 60.407 (2). Type catalog: Bart & Taylor 1993:52 [ref. 20906]. •Valid as Fundulus bifax Cashner & Rogers 1988 -- (Page & Burr 1991:217 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:85 [ref. 23239], Wildekamp 1996:229 [ref. 23649], Mettee et al. 1996:451 [ref. 25836], Lazara 2001:141 [ref. 25711], Ghedotti et al. 2004:53 [ref. 27500], Nelson et al. 2004:102 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:384 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2007:12 [ref. 30398], Page & Burr 2011:427 [ref. 31215], Ghedotti & Davis 2013:58 [ref. 32490] in subgenus Fundulus, Page et al. 2013:105 [ref. 32708], Bagley et al. 2023:319 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:140 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Fundulus bifax Cashner & Rogers 1988. Fundulidae. Distribution: Eastern North America: Georgia and Alabama (southeastern U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

blairae, Fundulus Wiley [E. O.] & Hall [D. D.] 1975:3, Figs. 1-2, 3a [American Museum Novitates No. 2577; ref. 7483] Neville Bayou at Texas highway 105, 2.6 miles east of junction of FM 223 and Texas 105, Liberty County, Texas, U.S.A. Holotype: AMNH 32722 [not 32721]. Paratypes: AMNH 32721 (17). •Synonym of Fundulus dispar (Agassiz 1854), but a valid subspecies -- (Ross et al. 2001:356 [ref. 25978]). •Valid as Fundulus blairae Wiley & Hall 1975 -- (Lee et al. 1980:508 [ref. 22416], Robison & Buchanan 1988:329 [ref. 23393], Page & Burr 1991:223 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:86 [ref. 23239], Wildekamp 1996:231 [ref. 23649], Mettee et al. 1996:453 [ref. 25836], Ghedotti & Grose 1997:858 [ref. 23268], Lazara 2001:141 [ref. 25711], Nelson et al. 2004:102 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:385 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2007:12 [ref. 30398], Page & Burr 2011:435 [ref. 31215], Ghedotti & Davis 2013:58 [ref. 32490] in subgenus Zygonectes, Page et al. 2013:105 [ref. 32708], Robins et al. 2018:195 [ref. 35886], Bagley et al. 2023:319 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:140 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Fundulus blairae Wiley & Hall 1975. Fundulidae. Distribution: North America: southern U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater.

brevis, Fundulus parvipinnis Osburn [R. C.] & Nichols [J. T.] 1916:150, Fig. 5 [Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History v. 35 (art. 16); ref. 15062] Magdalena Bay, Baja California, Mexico. Holotype: USNM 87542 [ex AMNH 5208]. Paratypes: (28?) AMNH 5719 (now 22). •Synonym of Fundulus parvipinnis Girard 1854 -- (Lee et al. 1980:524 [ref. 22416], Wildekamp 1996:288 [ref. 23649], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:221 [ref. 24550], Lazara 2001:159 [ref. 25711]). •Synonym of Fundulus parvipinnis Girard 1854, subspecies brevis -- (Lozano-Vilano & De la Maza-Benignos 2016:10 [ref. 35401]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus parvipinnis Girard 1854. Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

capensis, Fundulus Garman [S.] 1895:113, Pl. 3 (fig. 2) [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 19 (pt 1); ref. 1538] False Bay, Cape of Good Hope, South Africa [actual probably North America]. Holotype: MCZ 6454. Locality apparently in error. •Species inquirenda in Poeciliidae -- (Lucinda in Reis et al. 2003:575 [ref. 27061]). •Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Parenti & Hartel 2011:247 [ref. 31418]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766). Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

catenata, Poecilia Storer [D. H.] 1846:430 [Memoirs of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (new series) v. 2 (art. 7); ref. 18840] Tennessee River at Florence, Alabama, U.S.A. Syntypes: (several) whereabouts unknown. •Valid as Fundulus catenatus (Storer 1846) -- (Thomerson 1969:1 [ref. 30838], Bart & Cashner 1980:1 [ref. 39843], Lee et al. 1980:509 [ref. 22416], Robison & Buchanan 1988:330 [ref. 23393], Grady et al. 1990 [ref. 21033], Page & Burr 1991:217 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:86 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:361 [ref. 22809], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:612 [ref. 21581], Warren et al. 1994:133 [ref. 25557], Bernardi & Powers 1995:470 [ref. 22410], Stauffer et al. 1995:244 [ref. 23376], Cross & Collins 1995:174 [ref. 23394], Wildekamp 1996:233 [ref. 23649], Mettee et al. 1996:455 [ref. 25836], Fuller et al. 1999:295 [ref. 25838], Lazara 2001:141 [ref. 25711], Ross et al. 2001:353 [ref. 25978], Ghedotti et al. 2004:53 [ref. 27500], Nelson et al. 2004:102 [ref. 27807], Miller & Robison 2004:268 [ref. 27931], Boschung & Mayden 2004:386 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2007:12 [ref. 30398], Page & Burr 2011:426 [ref. 31215], Ghedotti & Davis 2013:58 [ref. 32490] in subgenus Fundulus, Page et al. 2013:105 [ref. 32708], Bagley et al. 2023:319 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:140 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Fundulus catenatus (Storer 1846). Fundulidae. Distribution: North America: eastern U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater.

chaplini, Fundulus Fowler [H. W.] 1940:8, Pl. 1 (right fig.) [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 92; ref. 1435] Boca Grande, Florida, U.S.A. Holotype: ANSP 69141. Paratypes: ANSP 69142 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:95 [ref. 13621]. •Synonym of Fundulus confluentus Goode & Bean 1879 -- (Wildekamp 1996:241 [ref. 23649], Lazara 2001:144 [ref. 25711]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus confluentus Goode & Bean 1879. Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

chrysotus, Haplochilus Günther [A.] 1866:317 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 6; ref. 1983] Charleston, South Carolina, U.S.A. Syntypes: Liverpool Free Public Museum (whereabouts unknown); Holbrook specimens are MCZ 1404 (8) and USNM 120410 [ex MCZ 1404] (1). Fundulus chrysotus Holbrook and Zygonectes chrysotus Agassiz are manuscript names mentioned by Putnam 1863:14 [ref. 3567]; neither is available, no description. •Valid as Fundulus chrysotus (Günther 1866) -- (Lee et al. 1980:510 [ref. 22416], Robison & Buchanan 1988:331 [ref. 23393], Page & Burr 1991:219 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:86 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:363 [ref. 22809], Warren et al. 1994:133 [ref. 25557], Knight & Hastings 1994:150 [ref. 25560], Bernardi & Powers 1995:470 [ref. 22410], Wildekamp 1996:235 [ref. 23649], Mettee et al. 1996:457 [ref. 25836], Ghedotti & Grose 1997:858 [ref. 23268], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:906 [ref. 23897], Fuller et al. 1999:296 [ref. 25838], Lazara 2001:142 [ref. 25711], Ross et al. 2001:355 [ref. 25978], Nelson et al. 2004:102 [ref. 27807], Miller & Robison 2004:270 [ref. 27931], Boschung & Mayden 2004:387 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2007:12 [ref. 30398], Page & Burr 2011:430 [ref. 31215], Ghedotti & Davis 2013:58 [ref. 32490] in subgenus Zygonectes, Page et al. 2013:105 [ref. 32708], Robins et al. 2018:196 [ref. 35886], Bagley et al. 2023:319 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:140 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Fundulus chrysotus (Günther 1866). Fundulidae. Distribution: Eastern North America: southeastern and central U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater.

cingulatus, Fundulus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1846:197 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 18; ref. 1011] Westville, Florida, U.S.A. Neotype: USNM 37362. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1950:13 [ref. 19576]. Valid but petition to be submitted to suppress in favor of Fundulus lineolatus (Agassiz 1854) -- (Gilbert et al. 1992 [ref. 19877] [but petition never submitted, but see Lazara 2001:143 [ref. 25711]]). See also Lazara 2002:227 [ref. 25897]; MNHN A-1713 apparently not the type. Neotype designated by Lazara 2002:227 [ref. 25897]. •Valid but petition to be submitted to suppress in favor of Fundulus lineolatus (Agassiz 1854) -- (Gilbert et al. 1992 [ref. 19877] [but petition never submitted, but see Lazara 2001:143 [ref. 25711]], Page & Burr 2011:430 [ref. 31215], Ghedotti & Davis 2013:58 [ref. 32490] in subgenus Zygonectes, Page et al. 2013:105 [ref. 32708]). •Valid as Fundulus cingulatus Valenciennes 1846 -- (Lee et al. 1980:511 [ref. 22416], Page & Burr 1991:219 [ref. 18983], Wildekamp 1996:238 [ref. 23649], Lazara 2001:143 [ref. 25711], Lazara 2002:227 [ref. 25897], Nelson et al. 2004:102 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:388 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2007:12 [ref. 30398], Robins et al. 2018:198 [ref. 35886], Bagley et al. 2023:319 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:140 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Fundulus cingulatus Valenciennes 1846. Fundulidae. Distribution: Eastern North America: Florida, Georgia and Alabama (southeastern U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

coenicola, Poecilia Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.] 1801:452 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] Carolina, U.S.A. Unneeded substitute for Cobitis heteroclita Linnaeus 1766. •Mention -- (Paepke & Seegers 1986:148 [ref. 19981]). •Objective synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Wildekamp 1996:260 [ref. 23649]). •Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766), subspecies heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Lazara 2001:148 [ref. 25711]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766). Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

coenicolus, Fundulus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1846:179, Pl. 530 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 18; ref. 1011] Not a new description but a new combination for Poecilia coenicola Bloch & Schneider 1801. Fundulidae.

confluentus, Fundulus Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.] in Goode 1879:118 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 2 (no. 73); ref. 1836] Lake Monroe, about 28°49'N, 81°17'W, Florida, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): USNM 18065. •Valid as Fundulus confluentus Goode & Bean 1879 -- (Lee et al. 1980:512 [ref. 22416], Robins & Ray 1986:108 [ref. 23100], Boschung 1992:86 [ref. 23239], Murdy et al. 1997:127 [ref. 23144], Wildekamp 1996:241 [ref. 23649], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:907 [ref. 23897], Lazara 2001:143 [ref. 25711], Wiley & Ghedotti 2003:1150 [ref. 27020], Nelson et al. 2004:102 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:390 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2007:12 [ref. 30398], Page & Burr 2011:437 [ref. 31215], Lang et al. 2011:2 [ref. 31335], Ghedotti & Davis 2013:58 [ref. 32490] in subgenus Fundulus, Page et al. 2013:105 [ref. 32708], Robins et al. 2018:199 [ref. 35886], Bagley et al. 2023:319 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:140 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Fundulus confluentus Goode & Bean 1879. Fundulidae. Distribution: Eastern North America: Florida and Alabama (southeastern U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

craticula, Zygonectes Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.] 1882:433 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 5 (no. 297); ref. 1840] Elbow Creek, tributary of Indian River, eastern Florida, U.S.A. Paratypes: BMNH 1883.12.14.168 [ex USNM] (1); MCZ 36003 [ex USNM 31439] (1); USNM 28506 (3), 31439 (now 8). •Synonym of Fundulus lineolatus (Agassiz 1854) -- (Wildekamp 1996:272 [ref. 23649], Lazara 2001:154 [ref. 25711]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus lineolatus (Agassiz 1854). Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater.

diaphana, Hydrargira Lesueur [C. A.] 1817:130 [Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia v. 1 (pt 1, no. 6); ref. 17513] Saratoga Lake, New York and Pipe Creek, Maryland, U.S.A. No types known. Junior synonym: Gephyrura concentrica Cope 1891 (Pleistocene) (see Cope 1891:654 [ref. 36940]). •Valid as Fundulus diaphanus (Lesueur 1817) -- (Lee et al. 1980:513 [ref. 22416], Smith 1986:266 [ref. 22186], Scott & Scott 1988:313 [ref. 25518], McAllister 1990:124 [ref. 14674], Page & Burr 1991:216 [ref. 18983], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:608 [ref. 21581], Stauffer et al. 1995:246 [ref. 23376], Murdy et al. 1997:124 [ref. 23144], Wildekamp 1996:243 [ref. 23649], Ghedotti & Grose 1997:858 [ref. 23268], Scott & Crossman 1998:631 [ref. 24570], Lyons et al. 2000:41 [ref. 26594], Wydoski & Whitney 2003:162 [ref. 27816], Nelson et al. 2004:102 [ref. 27807]). •Valid as Fundulus diaphanus (Lesueur 1817), subspecies diaphanus (Lesueur 1817) -- (Fuller et al. 1999:296 [ref. 25838], Lazara 2001:144 [ref. 25711], Scharpf 2007:12 [ref. 30398], Page & Burr 2011:425 [ref. 31215] with 2 subspecies, Ghedotti & Davis 2013:58 [ref. 32490] in subgenus Fundulus, Page et al. 2013:105 [ref. 32708], Sargent et al. 2020:307 [ref. 38265], Page et al. 2023:140 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Fundulus diaphanus (Lesueur 1817). Fundulidae. Distribution: North America: eastern Canada and U.S.A.; Atlantic coast of U.S.A. [subspecies diaphana]. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

dinema, Hydrargyra Rafinesque [C. S.] 1818:354 [American Monthly Magazine and Critical Review v. 3 (no. 5) (art. 3) (Sept.); ref. 3586] Not available, name only; from the Ohio River, U.S.A. Nomen Nudum. Fundulidae.

dispar, Zygonectes Agassiz [L.] 1854:353 [15] [American Journal of Science and Arts (Series 2) v. 17; ref. 69] Opposite St. Louis, Missouri [=East St. Louis, Illinois], U.S.A. Syntypes: MCZ 1236 (1), 1245 (now 8), 1450 (2), 61407 (1); USNM 120298 [ex MCZ 1245] (4). On p. 15 of separate. •Valid as Fundulus dispar (Agassiz 1854), subspecies dispar (Agassiz 1854) -- (Ross et al. 2001:357 [ref. 25978]). •Valid as Fundulus dispar (Agassiz 1854) -- (Lee et al. 1980:514 [ref. 22416], Robison & Buchanan 1988:332 [ref. 23393], Page & Burr 1991:222 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:86 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:364 [ref. 22809], Taylor et al. 1994:73 [ref. 21896], Warren et al. 1994:133 [ref. 25557], Bernardi & Powers 1995:470 [ref. 22410], Wildekamp 1996:248 [ref. 23649], Mettee et al. 1996:459 [ref. 25836], Ghedotti & Grose 1997:860 [ref. 23268], Lyons et al. 2000:41 [ref. 26594], Lazara 2001:145 [ref. 25711], Nelson et al. 2004:102 [ref. 27807], Bailey et al. 2004:164 [ref. 27882], Boschung & Mayden 2004:391 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2007:13 [ref. 30398], Page & Burr 2011:434 [ref. 31215], Ghedotti & Davis 2013:58 [ref. 32490] in subgenus Zygonectes, Page et al. 2013:105 [ref. 32708], Bagley et al. 2023:319 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:140 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Fundulus dispar (Agassiz 1854). Fundulidae. Distribution: North America: Great Lakes region to Gulf of Mexico (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

escambiae, Zygonectes Bollman [C. H.] 1887:463 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 9 (no. 585); ref. 14461] Gutter flowing through town of Flomaton, from Escambia River, Alabama, U.S.A. Syntypes: MCZ 36008 [ex USNM 37994] (1), USNM 37994 (orig. 8, now 4). •Valid as Fundulus escambiae (Bollman 1887) -- (Lee et al. 1980:515 [ref. 22416], Page & Burr 1991:222 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:86 [ref. 23239], Wildekamp 1996:250 [ref. 23649], Ghedotti & Grose 1997:858 [ref. 23268], Mettee et al. 1996:461 [ref. 25836], Lazara 2001:146 [ref. 25711], Nelson et al. 2004:102 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:392 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2007:13 [ref. 30398], Page & Burr 2011:433 [ref. 31215], Ghedotti & Davis 2013:58 [ref. 32490] in subgenus Zygonectes, Page et al. 2013:105 [ref. 32708], Robins et al. 2018:201 [ref. 35886], Bagley et al. 2023:319 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:140 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Fundulus escambiae (Bollman 1887). Fundulidae. Distribution: Eastern North America: coastal plain streams, Florida, Georgia and Alabama (southeastern U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

euryzonus, Fundulus Suttkus [R. D.] & Cashner [R. C.] 1981:2, Figs. 1a, 2a, 3a [Alabama Museum of Natural History Bulletin No. 6; ref. 8272] East Fork Big Creek, tributary of Tangipahoa River, 11.2 kilometers east of Arcola, Tangipahoa Parish, Louisiana, U.S.A. Holotype: TU 116631. Paratypes: ANSP 144091 (10); INHS 87086 (10); KU 18414 (10); MCZ 56589 [ex TU 116597] (10); TU 83182 (40), 106576 (22), 106601 (58), 116357 (21), 116504 (22), 116632 (44); UAIC 5969.01 (10); UF 29999 (10); UMMZ 205436 (10); UNO 2953 (10); USNM 221477 [ex TU 83182] (10). Additional material: TU (41 lots, 430); UNO (31 lots, 262). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:96 [ref. 13621], Bart & Taylor 1993:52-53 [ref. 20906], Sabaj et al. 1997:274 [ref. 23225]. •Valid as Fundulus euryzonus Suttkus & Cashner 1981 -- (Page & Burr 1991:224 [ref. 18983], Knight & Hastings 1994:150 [ref. 25560], Wildekamp 1996:252 [ref. 23649], Lazara 2001:146 [ref. 25711], Ross et al. 2001:358 [ref. 25978], Nelson et al. 2004:102 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2007:13 [ref. 30398], Page & Burr 2011:437 [ref. 31215], Ghedotti & Davis 2013:58 [ref. 32490] in subgenus Zygonectes, Page et al. 2013:105 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:140 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Fundulus euryzonus Suttkus & Cashner 1981. Fundulidae. Distribution: Eastern North America: Lake Pontchartrain drainage, Mississippi and Louisiana (southeastern U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

extensus, Fundulus Jordan [D. S.] & Gilbert [C. H.] 1882:355 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 5 (no. 290); ref. 12308] Cape San Lucas, Baja California, Mexico [apparently incorrect]. Syntypes: USNM 30972 (2). •Synonym of Fundulus diaphanus (Lesueur 1817) -- (Wildekamp 1996:243 [ref. 23649]). •Synonym of Fundulus parvipinnis Girard 1854 -- (Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:221 [ref. 24550]). •Synonym of Fundulus diaphanus (Lesueur 1817), subspecies diaphanus (Lesueur 1817) -- (Lazara 2001:145 [ref. 25711]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus diaphanus (Lesueur 1817). Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

fasciata, Poecilia Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.] 1801:453 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] New York, U.S.A. No type known. Fundulus fasciatus DeKay 1842 as treated by Wildekamp 1996:277 [ref. 23649] is apparently a new combination. •Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766), subspecies macrolepidotus (Walbaum 1792) -- (Lazara 2001:150 [ref. 25711]). •Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Wildekamp 1996:260 [ref. 23649]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766). Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

flavidus, Fundulus DeKay [J. E.] 1840:29 [Documents of the Assembly of the State of New York 36th Session, v. 2 (no. 50); ref. 29723] Original not seen. Name only, not available; from New York, U.S.A. -- (Wildekamp 1996:261 [ref. 23649]). Nomen Nudum. Fundulidae.

flavula, Esox Mitchill [S. L.] 1814:13 [Report, in part, of Samuel L. Mitchill; ref. 3030] New York, U.S.A. No types known. Also in Mitchill 1815:439, Pl. 4 (fig. 8) [ref. 13292] as Esox flavulus. •Synonym of Fundulus majalis (Walbaum 1792) -- (Smith 1986:413 [ref. 22186], Wildekamp 1996:277 [ref. 23649], Lazara 2001:155 [ref. 25711]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus majalis (Walbaum 1792). Fundulidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

floridensis, Fundulus Girard [C. F.] 1859:157 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 11 (nos. 60-77); ref. 18087] Charlotte Harbor, southeastern Florida, U.S.A. Syntypes: USNM. •Synonym of Fundulus grandis Baird & Girard 1853 -- (Wildekamp 1996:254 [ref. 23649]). •Synonym of Fundulus grandis Baird & Girard 1853, subspecies grandis Baird & Girard 1853 -- (Lazara 2001:147 [ref. 25711]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus grandis Baird & Girard 1853. Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

floripinnis, Haplochilus Cope [E. D.] 1874:138 [10] [Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society v. 14; ref. 932] Platte River near Denver, Colorado, U.S.A. Syntypes: ANSP 18733-38 (6); MCZ 18814-15 (11, 4); USNM 12902-03 (40, 9), 15780 (44), 120273 [ex MCZ 18814] (4). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:96 [ref. 13621]. On p. 10 of separate. •Synonym of Fundulus sciadicus Cope 1865 -- (Wildekamp 1996:298 [ref. 23649], Lazara 2001:161 [ref. 25711]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus sciadicus Cope 1865. Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater.

fonticola, Fundulus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1846:198 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 18; ref. 1011] Puerto Rico. Syntypes: MNHN 0000-6446 (3). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1950:13 [ref. 19576]. •Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Wildekamp 1996:261 [ref. 23649]). •Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766), subspecies heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Lazara 2001:148 [ref. 25711]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766). Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

formosa, Hydrargira Storer [D. H.] 1842:76 [Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History v. 1 (1841-1844); ref. 18827] Near the milldam, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A. Correct spelling of genus is Hydrargyra. •Synonym of Fundulus majalis (Walbaum 1792) -- (Wildekamp 1996:277 [ref. 23649], Lazara 2001:155 [ref. 25711]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus majalis (Walbaum 1792). Fundulidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

funduloides, Zygonectes Evermann [B. W.] 1892:85, Pl. 35 (fig. 3) [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 11(art. 2) (for 1891); ref. 12391] Dickinson Bayou, Dickinson, Texas, U.S.A. Lectotype: USNM 45563. Paralectotypes: USNM 45563 (1 of 2). Lectotype established (as figured specimen) in caption to Pl. 106, p. 3255 in Jordan & Evermann 1900 [ref. 2446] if figured specimen is identifiable. •Synonym of Fundulus pulvereus (Evermann 1892) -- (Wildekamp 1996:292 [ref. 23649], Lazara 2001:159 [ref. 25711]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus pulvereus (Evermann 1892). Fundulidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

fusca, Melanura Agassiz [A.] in Gebhard 1854:23 [Annual Report of the Regents of the University of the State of New York, Albany v. 7 (for 18 Jan. 1854); ref. 29722] Burlington, Lake Champlain, New York, U.S.A. Name only, not available. Nomen Nudum. Fundulidae.

goodei, Lucania Jordan [D. S.] 1880:240 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 2 (no. 84); ref. 2381] Arlington River, tributary of St. John's River, Florida, U.S.A. Syntypes: (ca 30) BMNH 1883.12.14.194-195 [ex USNM 23505] (2); USNM 23505 (6). •Valid as Lucania goodei Jordan 1880 -- (Lee et al. 1980:534 [ref. 22416], Parenti 1981:496 [ref. 7066], Duggins et al. 1983:564 [ref. 6819], Page & Burr 1991:224 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:88 [ref. 23239], Mettee et al. 1996:473 [ref. 25836], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:917 [ref. 23897], Fuller et al. 1999:301 [ref. 25838], Lazara 2001:199 [ref. 25711], Nelson et al. 2004:103 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:403 [ref. 27995], Fuller & Noa 2008:699 [ref. 29822], Scharpf 2007:16 [ref. 30398], Page & Burr 2011:439 [ref. 31215], Ghedotti & Davis 2013:47 [ref. 32490], Page et al. 2013:106 [ref. 32708], Robins et al. 2018:218 [ref. 35886], Love et al. 2021:96 [ref. 39279], Bagley et al. 2023:319 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:141 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Lucania goodei Jordan 1880. Fundulidae. Distribution: Eastern North America: North Carolina to Florida and southeastern Alabama (southeastern U.S.A.). Introduced in southern California (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

grandis, Fundulus Baird [S. F.] & Girard [C. F.] 1853:389 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 6; ref. 15636] Near Indianola, Texas, U.S.A. Syntypes: ANSP 7420 (1), MCZ 1292 [ex USNM 650] (3), USNM 15298 (2). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:96 [ref. 13621]. •Valid as Fundulus grandis Baird & Girard 1853, subspecies grandis Baird & Girard 1853 -- (Lazara 2001:146 [ref. 25711], Ross et al. 2001:361 [ref. 25978], Wiley & Ghedotti 2003:1150 [ref. 27020], Miller 2006:312 [ref. 28615], García-Ramírez et al. 2007:14 [ref. 29345], Scharpf 2007:13 [ref. 30398]). •Valid as Fundulus grandis Baird & Girard 1853 -- (Lee et al. 1980:516 [ref. 22416], Robins & Ray 1986:108 [ref. 23100], Boschung 1992:87 [ref. 23239], Espinosa Pérez et al. 1993:36 [ref. 22290], Knight & Hastings 1994:150 [ref. 25560], Bernardi & Powers 1995:470 [ref. 22410], Wildekamp 1996:254 [ref. 23649], Ghedotti & Grose 1997:858 [ref. 23268], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:908 [ref. 23897], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:219 [ref. 24550], Fuller et al. 1999:297 [ref. 25838], Nelson et al. 2004:102 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:393 [ref. 27995], Mundy 2005:293 [ref. 28379], Page & Burr 2011:438 [ref. 31215], Lang et al. 2011:2 [ref. 31335], Ghedotti & Davis 2013:58 [ref. 32490] in subgenus Fundulus, Page et al. 2013:105 [ref. 32708], Lozano-Vilano & De la Maza-Benignos 2016:9 [ref. 35401], Raz-Guzmán et al. 2018:345 [ref. 36407], Robins et al. 2018:203 [ref. 35886], García-Ramírez et al. 2022:10 [ref. 38966], Bagley et al. 2023:319 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:140 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Fundulus grandis Baird & Girard 1853. Fundulidae. Distribution: North America: Atlantic and Gulf coasts, Florida (U.S.A.) to Mexico; also Cuba. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

grandissimus, Fundulus Hubbs [C. L.] 1936:209, Pl. 2 (figs. 3-4) [Carnegie Institution of Washington Publications No. 457 (art. 17); ref. 2247] Progreso, Yucatán, Mexico. Holotype: MCZ 32909. Paratypes: MCZ 54531 [ex 32909 in part] (8); UMMZ 95833 [ex MCZ 32909] (2); USNM 50513 (now 11), 50514 (4). Description based on specimens recorded by Evermann and Goldborough 1902:149 and by Barbour and Cole 1906:156 under the name of Fundulus grandis. •Valid as Fundulus grandissimus Hubbs 1936 -- (Espinosa Pérez et al. 1993:36 [ref. 22290], Wildekamp 1996:258 [ref. 23649], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:910 [ref. 23897], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:219 [ref. 24550], Lazara 2001:148 [ref. 25711], Wiley & Ghedotti 2003:1150 [ref. 27020], Nelson et al. 2004:102 [ref. 27807], Miller 2006:312 [ref. 28615], García-Ramírez et al. 2007:14 [ref. 29345], Scharpf 2007:12 [ref. 30398], Ghedotti & Davis 2013:58 [ref. 32490] in subgenus Fundulus, Page et al. 2013:105 [ref. 32708], Lozano-Vilano & De la Maza-Benignos 2016:9 [ref. 35401], Page et al. 2023:140 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Fundulus grandissimus Hubbs 1936. Fundulidae. Distribution: Southern North America: Yucatán (Mexico). Habitat: brackish, marine.

guttatus, Zygonectes Agassiz [L.] 1854:353 [15] [American Journal of Science and Arts (Series 2) v. 17; ref. 69] Mobile, Alabama, U.S.A. Syntypes: MCZ 1365 (4, missing in 1986). On p. 15 of separate. •Synonym of Fundulus nottii (Agassiz 1854) -- (Wildekamp 1996:283 [ref. 23649], Lazara 2001:157 [ref. 25711]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus nottii (Agassiz 1854). Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater.

henshalli, Zygonectes Jordan [D. S.] 1880:237 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 2 (no. 84); ref. 2381] San Sebastian River, Florida, U.S.A. Syntypes: BMNH 1880.1.21.78 (1), MCZ 24387 (1), USNM 23449 (now 1). •Synonym of Fundulus chrysotus (Günther 1866) -- (Gilbert et al. 1992 [ref. 19877], Wildekamp 1996:235 [ref. 23649], Lazara 2001:142 [ref. 25711]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus chrysotus (Günther 1866). Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater.

herminiamatildae, Fundulus García-Ramírez [M. E.], Lozano-Vilano [M. de L.] & de la Maza Benignos [M.] 2022:11, Fig. 3 [American International Journal of Biology v. 9 (no. 2) [for 2021]; ref. 38966] Marmolejo stream, Soto La Marina River basin, Aramberri, Nuevo León, México, 24°09'38.6"N, 99°45'15.7"W. Holotype: UANL 18803. Paratypes: UANL. Named for two women, the correct patronym would be herminiamatildarum, not to be corrected according to the ICZN. •Valid as Fundulus herminiamatildae García-Ramírez, Lozano-Vilano & De la Maza Benignos 2022 -- (Page et al. 2023:140 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Fundulus herminiamatildae García-Ramírez, Lozano-Vilano & De la Maza Benignos 2022. Fundulidae. Distribution: Southern North America: upper Soto La Marina River basin, Nuevo León (Mexico). Habitat: freshwater.

heteroclita, Cobitis Linnaeus [C.] (ex Garden) 1766:500 [Systema naturae sive regna tria naturae v. 1 (pt 1); ref. 2786] Carolina [South Carolina, U.S.A.]. Syntypes: LS 143 (right half-skin), 144 (right half-skin). Type catalog: Wheeler 1985:40 [ref. 20705]. Type information: Goode & Bean 1885:204-205 [ref. 1841]. Based on the 'Mudfish' in manuscript description, and 2 specimens sent by A. Garden [South Carolina]. •Valid as Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766), subspecies heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Lazara 2001:148 [ref. 25711], Scharpf 2007:13 [ref. 30398]). •Valid as Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Lee et al. 1980:517 [ref. 22416], Smith 1986:412 [ref. 22186], Robins & Ray 1986:109 [ref. 23100], Scott & Scott 1988:314 [ref. 25518], McAllister 1990:124 [ref. 14674], García-Berthou & Moreno-Amich 1991:74 [ref. 37893], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:607 [ref. 21581], Bernardi & Powers 1995:470 [ref. 22410], Murdy et al. 1997:128 [ref. 23144], Wildekamp 1996:260 [ref. 23649], Murphy & Collier 1997:797 [ref. 25585], Scott & Crossman 1998:635 [ref. 24570], Fuller et al. 1999:297 [ref. 25838], Doadrio et al. 2002:78 [ref. 26616], Wiley & Ghedotti 2003:1150 [ref. 27020], Nelson et al. 2004:102 [ref. 27807], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:477 [ref. 29996], Page & Burr 2011:438 [ref. 31215], Ghedotti & Davis 2013:58 [ref. 32490] in subgenus Fundulus, Page et al. 2013:105 [ref. 32708], Robins et al. 2018:435 [ref. 35886], Sargent et al. 2020:307 [ref. 38265], Jamandre 2023:166 [ref. 40455], Page et al. 2023:141 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766). Fundulidae. Distribution: North America: eastern Canada and eastern U.S.A. Introduced elsewhere. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

hieroglyphicus, Zygonectes Agassiz [L.] 1854:353 [15] [American Journal of Science and Arts (Series 2) v. 17; ref. 69] Mobile, Alabama, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): MCZ 1368 (discarded in 1938). On p. 15 of separate. •Synonym of Fundulus nottii (Agassiz 1854) -- (Wildekamp 1996:283 [ref. 23649], Lazara 2001:157 [ref. 25711]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus nottii (Agassiz 1854). Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater.

insularis, Fundulus similis Relyea [K. G.] in Gilbert 1978:52 [Rare and endangered biota of Florida; ref. 23789] Not available, not intended as new; referenced as "...(named in my unpublished doctoral dissertation as Fundulus similis insularis), which will be referred to in this description as Fundulus similis new subspecies." •In the synonymy of Fundulus similis (Baird & Girard 1853) -- (Lazara 2001:162 [ref. 25711]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus similis (Baird & Girard 1853). Fundulidae.

interioris, Lucania Hubbs [C. L.] & Miller [R. R.] 1965:55, Figs. 1-8; Pl. 3 [Miscellaneous Publications, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan No. 127; ref. 9217] La Angostura Canal, southern of Cuatro Ciénegas, central Coahuila, Mexico. Holotype: UMMZ 179850. Paratypes: UMMZ 130379 (8), 130389-90 (2), 179182 (2), 179189 (5), 179840 (8), 179851 (8), 179853 (114). •Valid as Lucania interioris Hubbs & Miller 1965 -- (Parenti 1981:496 [ref. 7066], Duggins et al. 1983:564 [ref. 6819], Espinosa Pérez et al. 1993:36 [ref. 22290], Lazara 2001:199 [ref. 25711], Nelson et al. 2004:103 [ref. 27807], Miller 2006:315 [ref. 28615], Scharpf 2007:16 [ref. 30398], Fuller & Noa 2008:699 [ref. 29822], Ghedotti & Davis 2013:47 [ref. 32490], Page et al. 2013:106 [ref. 32708], Lozano-Vilano & De la Maza-Benignos 2016:12 [ref. 35401], Page et al. 2023:141 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Lucania interioris Hubbs & Miller 1965. Fundulidae. Distribution: Southern North America: Bolsón de Cuatro Ciénegas (Mexico). Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

jenkinsi, Zygonectes Evermann [B. W.] 1892:86, Pl. 36 (fig. 2) [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 11(art. 2) (for 1891); ref. 12391] Dickinson Bayou, near Galveston, Texas, U.S.A. Lectotype: USNM 45562 (1, if identifiable). Paralectotypes: (31) CAS-SU 1122 (3), 2140 (4); USNM 45562 (10 of 11), 126471 [ex USBF 196] (12). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:54 [ref. 12291]. Lectotype established (as figured specimen) in caption to Pl. 106, p. 3255 in Jordan & Evermann 1900 [ref. 2446] if figured specimen is identifiable. •Valid as Fundulus jenkinsi (Evermann 1892) -- (Lee et al. 1980:518 [ref. 22416], Robins & Ray 1986:109 [ref. 23100], Boschung 1992:87 [ref. 23239], Wildekamp 1996:266 [ref. 23649], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:911 [ref. 23897], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:222 [ref. 24550], Musick et al. 2000:13 [ref. 24959], Lazara 2001:153 [ref. 25711], Ross et al. 2001:361 [ref. 25978], Wiley & Ghedotti 2003:1150 [ref. 27020], Peterson et al. 2003:51 [ref. 27054], Nelson et al. 2004:102 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:394 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2007:12 [ref. 30398], Lang et al. 2011:1 [ref. 31335], Ghedotti & Davis 2013:58 [ref. 32490] in subgenus Fundulus, Page et al. 2013:105 [ref. 32708], Bagley et al. 2023:319 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:141 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Fundulus jenkinsi (Evermann 1892). Fundulidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: northern Gulf of Mexico, southeastern U.S.A. Habitat: brackish, marine.

julisia, Fundulus Williams [J. D.] & Etnier [D. A.] 1982:11, Fig. 2 [Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural History, The University of Kansas No. 102; ref. 8394] Spring tributary to West Fork Hickory Creek at Tenn. highway. 55, Summitville, Coffee County, Tennessee, U.S.A. Holotype: USNM 225997. Paratypes: ANSP 146524 (2); AU 11059 (5), 12715 (1), 15728 (11); INHS 87282 (2); KU 18845 (2); TU 33495 (1), 33511 (3); UAIC 2417 (1), 2536 (7); UF 31452 (2); UMMZ 120861 (3), 120914 (8), 121014 (8, 1 c&s), 207690 (2); USNM 225998-99 (2, 1); UT 60.28 (13), 60.53 (1), 60.55 (5), 60.61 (2), 60.103 (1), 60.218 (5), 60.225 (2) Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:96 [ref. 13621], Bart & Taylor 1993:52 [ref. 20906], Sabaj et al. 1997:274 [ref. 23225]. •Valid as Fundulus julisia Williams & Etnier 1982 -- (Page & Burr 1991:218 [ref. 18983], Etnier & Starnes 1993:365 [ref. 22809], Wildekamp 1996:268 [ref. 23649], Lazara 2001:154 [ref. 25711], Ghedotti et al. 2004:53 [ref. 27500], Nelson et al. 2004:102 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2007:13 [ref. 30398], Page & Burr 2011:428 [ref. 31215], Ghedotti & Davis 2013:58 [ref. 32490] in subgenus Fundulus, Page et al. 2013:105 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:141 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Fundulus julisia Williams & Etnier 1982. Fundulidae. Distribution: North America: central Tennessee (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

kansae, Fundulus Garman [S.] 1895:103, Pl. 2 (fig. 10) [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 19 (pt 1); ref. 1538] Kansas, U.S.A. Syntypes: MCZ 6248 (3). •Valid as Plancterus kansae (Garman 1895) -- (Parenti 1981:493 [ref. 7066]). •Synonym of Fundulus zebrinus Jordan & Gilbert 1883, but a valid subspecies -- (Lee et al. 1980:531 [ref. 22416], Cross & Collins 1995:177 [ref. 23394]). •Synonym of Fundulus zebrinus Jordan & Gilbert 1883 -- (Baxter & Stone 1995:213 [ref. 23374], Wildekamp 1996:306 [ref. 23649]). •Valid as Fundulus kansae Garman 1895 -- (Kreiser 2001:199 [ref. 26961], Kreiser et al. 2001:339 [ref. 26962], Nelson et al. 2004:102 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2007:13 [ref. 30398]). •Synonym of Plancterus zebrinus (Jordan & Gilbert 1883) -- (Lazara 2001:253 [ref. 25711], Minckley & Marsh 2009:232 [ref. 31114], Ghedotti & Davis 2013:58 [ref. 32490] in subgenus Plancterus, Page et al. 2013:106 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:141 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Fundulus kansae Garman 1895. Fundulidae. Distribution: North America: central U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater.

killifish, Cobitis Walbaum [J. J.] 1792:12 [Petri Artedi sueci genera piscium Part 3; ref. 4572] •In the synonymy of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766), subspecies macrolepidotus (Walbaum 1792) -- (Lazara 2001:150 [ref. 25711]). •See Huber 2006:12 [ref. 28935]. Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766). Fundulidae.

kompi, Fundulus Hildebrand [S. F.] & Towers [I. L.] 1928:122, Fig. 4 [Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries v. 43 (pt 2, 1927); ref. 15897] Borrow Pit along the Greenwood-Itta Bena Road, Mississippi, U.S.A. Holotype: USNM 88380. Paratypes: UMMZ 167161 (6); USNM 126991 (18), 126993 (5). •Synonym of Fundulus chrysotus (Günther 1866) -- (Wildekamp 1996:235 [ref. 23649], Lazara 2001:143 [ref. 25711], Ross et al. 2001:356 [ref. 25978]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus chrysotus (Günther 1866). Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater.

lateralis, Zygonectes Agassiz [L.] 1854:353 [15] [American Journal of Science and Arts (Series 2) v. 17; ref. 69] Mobile, Alabama, U.S.A. Syntypes: MCZ 1367 (1). On p. 15 of separate. •Synonym of Fundulus olivaceus (Storer 1845) -- (Wildekamp 1996:285 [ref. 23649], Lazara 2001:158 [ref. 25711]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus olivaceus (Storer 1845). Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater.

lima, Fundulus Vaillant [L. L.] 1894:71 [4] [Bulletin de la Société philomathique de Paris (8th Série) v. 6; ref. 4488] San Ignacio de Caracamande, central Baja California, Mexico. Syntypes: MNHN 1892-0287 to 0288 (2), 1892-0289 to 0294 (6). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1950:14 [ref. 19576]. On p. 4 of separate. •Valid as Fundulus lima Vaillant 1894 -- (Espinosa Pérez et al. 1993:36 [ref. 22290], Bernardi & Powers 1995:470 [ref. 22410], Wildekamp 1996:270 [ref. 23649], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:220 [ref. 24550], Ruiz-Campos 2000:20 [ref. 24938], Lazara 2001:154 [ref. 25711], Nelson et al. 2004:102 [ref. 27807], Miller 2006:313 [ref. 28615], García-Ramírez et al. 2007:14 [ref. 29345], Scharpf 2007:13 [ref. 30398], Minckley & Marsh 2009:229 [ref. 31114], Ghedotti & Davis 2013:46 [ref. 32490], Lozano-Vilano & De la Maza-Benignos 2016:10 [ref. 35401], Page et al. 2023:141 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Fundulus lima Vaillant 1894. Fundulidae. Distribution: Southern North America: Pacific Slope of central Baja California (Mexico). Habitat: freshwater.

limbatus, Fundulus Krøyer [H. N.] 1863:94, footnote 1 [Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift (Kjøbenhavn) (Ser. 3) v. 2; ref. 18439] Not available, manuscript name for a specimen in the Royal Museum of Copenhagen; from New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.A. •In the synonymy of Fundulus pulvereus (Evermann 1892) -- (Lazara 2001:159 [ref. 25711]), or in the synonymy of Fundulus grandis Baird & Girard 1853. Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Fundulus pulvereus (Evermann 1892). Fundulidae.

lineatus, Zygonectes Garman [S.] 1881:88 [Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 8 (no. 3); ref. 1530] Northeastern Wyoming, U.S.A. Syntypes: MCZ 24906-07 (1, 1). •Synonym of Fundulus sciadicus Cope 1865 -- (Wildekamp 1996:298 [ref. 23649], Lazara 2001:161 [ref. 25711]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus sciadicus Cope 1865. Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater.

lineolatus, Zygonectes Agassiz [L.] 1854:353 [15] [American Journal of Science and Arts (Series 2) v. 17; ref. 69] Vicinity of Augusta, Georgia, U.S.A. Syntypes: MCZ 1344 (2). On p. 15 of separate. •Valid as Zygonectes lineolatus Agassiz 1854 -- (Lee et al. 1980:519 [ref. 22416]). •Valid as Fundulus lineolatus, but see Fundulus cingulatus Valenciennes 1846 -- (Gilbert et al. 1992 [ref. 19877]). •Valid as Fundulus lineolatus (Agassiz 1854) -- (Page & Burr 1991:222 [ref. 18983], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:614 [ref. 21581], Wildekamp 1996:272 [ref. 23649], Ghedotti & Grose 1997:858 [ref. 23268], Fuller et al. 1999:298 [ref. 25838], Lazara 2001:154 [ref. 25711], Nelson et al. 2004:102 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2007:14 [ref. 30398], Page & Burr 2011:432 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:106 [ref. 32708], Robins et al. 2018:204 [ref. 35886], Page et al. 2023:141 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Fundulus lineolatus (Agassiz 1854). Fundulidae. Distribution: North America: Atlantic and Gulf coastal streams, Virginia to Florida (southeastern U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

lozanoi, Valencia Gomez Caruana [F.], Peiro Gomez [S.] & Sanchez Artal [S.] 1984:67, Figs. 1-3, color figs. 1-2, 4-5 [Boletin de la Estación Central de Ecología v. 13 (no. 25); ref. 8223] Trebujena (Cádiz), Spain. Holotype: Estac. Cent. Ecol. 840106. Paratypes: Est. Ornith. y Pisc. Exp.,Albufera de Valencia, Spain: (16). •Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Kottelat 1997:161 [ref. 22952], Wildekamp 1996:262 [ref. 23649], García-Berthou & Moreno-Amich 2009:70 [ref. 30555], Freyhof et al. 2014:289 [ref. 33243]). •Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766), subspecies macrolepidotus (Walbaum 1792) -- (Lazara 2001:154 [ref. 25711]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766). Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

luciae, Hydrargyra Baird [S. F.] 1855:344 [30] [Smithsonian Institution Annual Report 9 (for 1854); ref. 164] Robinson's Landing, Peck's Beach, opposite Beesley's Point, Cape May County, about 39°15'N, 74°39'W, New Jersey, U.S.A. On p. 30 of separate. •Valid as Fundulus luciae (Baird 1855) -- (Lee et al. 1980:520 [ref. 22416], Smith 1986:412 [ref. 22186], Robins & Ray 1986:109 [ref. 23100], Murdy et al. 1997:125 [ref. 23144], Wildekamp 1996:275 [ref. 23649], Lazara 2001:155 [ref. 25711], Wiley & Ghedotti 2003:1150 [ref. 27020], Nelson et al. 2004:102 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2007:12 [ref. 30398], Ghedotti & Davis 2013:58 [ref. 32490] in subgenus Zygonectes, Page et al. 2013:106 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:141 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Fundulus luciae (Baird 1855). Fundulidae. Distribution: Eastern North America: eastern U.S.A. Habitat: brackish, marine.

macdonaldi, Zygonectes Meek [S. E.] 1891:122, Pl. 42 (fig. 1) [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 9 (art. 9) (for 1889); ref. 12399] Jones Creek, Dixon, Missouri, U.S.A. Lectotype: ?USNM 69377. Paralectotypes: (8) CAS-SU 951 (1), USNM 125033 [ex USFC 195] (2). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:54 [ref. 12291]. Lectotype established (as figured specimen) in caption to Pl. 106, p. 3255 in Jordan & Evermann 1900 [ref. 2446] if figured specimen is identifiable. •Synonym of Fundulus sciadicus Cope 1865 -- (Wildekamp 1996:298 [ref. 23649], Lazara 2001:161 [ref. 25711]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus sciadicus Cope 1865. Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater.

macrolepidota, Cobitis Walbaum [J. J.] (ex Schöpf) 1792:11 [Petri Artedi sueci genera piscium Part 3; ref. 4572] No locality stated [New York, U.S.A.]. No types known. Based on 'Jellow-Bellied Cobler' in Schöpf 1788:171 [ref. 18700]. •Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Lee et al. 1980:517 [ref. 22416], Wildekamp 1996:254 [ref. 23649]). •Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766), but a valid subspecies macrolepidotus (Walbaum 1792) -- (Smith 1986:412 [ref. 22186], McAllister 1990:124 [ref. 14674], Scott & Crossman 1998:636 [ref. 24570], Lazara 2001:150 [ref. 25711], Able in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:292 [ref. 26158], Scharpf 2007:13 [ref. 30398]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766). Fundulidae. Distribution: Atlantic Coast, Newfoundland, Canada, to Conneticut, U.S.A. [this subspecies]. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

majalis, Cobitis Walbaum [J. J.] (ex Schöpf) 1792:12 [Petri Artedi sueci genera piscium Part 3; ref. 4572] No locality stated [New York, U.S.A.]. No types known. Based on "Mayfish" of Schöpf 1788:173 [ref. 18700]; majalis refers to the month of May. •Valid as Fundulus majalis (Walbaum 1792) -- (Smith 1986:413 [ref. 22186], Robins & Ray 1986:109 [ref. 23100], Boschung 1992:87 [ref. 23239], Murdy et al. 1997:126 [ref. 23144], Wildekamp 1996:277 [ref. 23649], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:912 [ref. 23897], Lazara 2001:155 [ref. 25711], Ross et al. 2001:362 [ref. 25978], Able in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:295 [ref. 26158], Wiley & Ghedotti 2003:1150 [ref. 27020], Nelson et al. 2004:102 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2007:12 [ref. 30398], Ghedotti & Davis 2013:58 [ref. 32490] in subgenus Fundulus, Page et al. 2013:106 [ref. 32708], Robins et al. 2018:435 [ref. 35886], Page et al. 2023:141 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Fundulus majalis (Walbaum 1792). Fundulidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: eastern U.S.A. and northern Gulf of Mexico. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

majalis, Poecilia Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.] 1801:453 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] New York, U.S.A. No types known. Independent of and junior secondary homonym of Fundulus majalis (Walbaum 1792). Based on "Mayfish" of Schöpf 1788:173; majalis refers to the month of May. •Synonym of Fundulus majalis (Walbaum 1792) -- (W.J. Poly, 5/03). 2°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Fundulus majalis (Walbaum 1792). Fundulidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

mannii, Zygonectes Hay [O. P.] 1885:555 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 8 (no. 537); ref. 14451] Manuscript name mentioned in passing under Heterandria ommata; not available. •In the synonymy of Leptolucania ommata (Jordan 1884) -- (Lazara 2001:197 [ref. 25711]). Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Leptolucania ommata (Jordan 1884). Fundulidae.

meeki, Fundulus Evermann [B. W.] 1908:25, Fig. 1 [Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington v. 21; ref. 14318] Small stream flowing from large springs at San Ignacio, central Baja California, Mexico. Holotype: USNM 61058. Paratypes: (18) AMNH (none found), FMNH (none found) IU, MCZ, CAS-SU (not found); UMMZ 157688 [ex USNM 126469] (1); USNM 61059 [or 60159] (3), 126469 [ex USBF 1619] (2). •Synonym of Fundulus lima Vaillant 1894 -- (Wildekamp 1996:270 [ref. 23649], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:220 [ref. 24550], Lazara 2001:154 [ref. 25711], Page et al. 2013:106 [ref. 32708]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus lima Vaillant 1894. Fundulidae. Distribution: Mexico. Habitat: freshwater.

menona, Fundulus Jordan [D. S.] & Copeland [H. E.] in Jordan 1877:68 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 29 (pt 1); ref. 2372] Catfish River, Dane County, Wisconsin, U.S.A. No types known. •Synonym of Fundulus diaphanus (Lesueur 1817) -- (Lee et al. 1980:513 [ref. 22416]). •Synonym of Fundulus diaphanus (Lesueur 1817), but a valid subspecies menona Jordan & Copeland 1877 -- (Smith 1986:266 [ref. 22186], Wildekamp 1996:246 [ref. 23649], Scott & Crossman 1998:632 [ref. 24570], Fuller et al. 1999:296 [ref. 25838], Lazara 2001:145 [ref. 25711], Bailey et al. 2004:163 [ref. 27882], Scharpf 2007:12 [ref. 30398], Page & Burr 2011:425 [ref. 31215]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus diaphanus (Lesueur 1817). Fundulidae. Distribution: Southern Canada and Great Lakes Region, U.S.A. [subspecies menona]. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

mudfish, Fundulus Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1803:37, 38 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 5; ref. 4930] Carolinas, U.S.A. No types known. •Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766), subspecies heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Lazara 2001:148 [ref. 25711]). •See Huber 2006:12 [ref. 28935]. Current status: Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766). Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

multifaciata, Hydrargira Lesueur [C. A.] 1817:131 [Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia v. 1 (pt 1, no. 6); ref. 17513] Saratoga Lake, New York, U.S.A. No types known. •Synonym of Fundulus diaphanus (Lesueur 1817) -- (Smith 1986:266 [ref. 22186] as multifasciata, Wildekamp 1996:243 [ref. 23649]). •Synonym of Fundulus diaphanus (Lesueur 1817), subspecies diaphanus (Lesueur 1817) -- (Lazara 2001:144 [ref. 25711]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus diaphanus (Lesueur 1817). Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

multifasciata, Adinia Girard [C. F.] 1859:118 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 11; ref. 27410] Galveston, St. Joseph's Island and Indianola, Texas, U.S.A. Syntypes: ANSP 7291-92 (2). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:97 [ref. 13621]. At one time, secondarily preoccupied in Fundulus by Hydrargyra multifasciata Lesueur 1817 and replaced by Fundulus xenicus Jordan & Gilbert 1882. The name Adinia xenica is in current use by most authors and should be retained (see Art. 59.3), with Adinia multifasciata in synonymy. Hydrargyra multifasciatus Lesueur 1817 is a syonym in the genus Fundulus. •Valid as Adinia multifasciata Girard 1859 -- (Parenti 1981:498 [ref. 7066]). •Synonym of Adinia xenica (Jordan & Gilbert 1882) -- (Wildekamp 1993:16 [ref. 26378], Lazara 2001:3 [ref. 25711]). •Synonym of Fundulus xenicus Jordan & Gilbert 1882. 2°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Fundulus xenicus Jordan & Gilbert 1882. Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

mummychog, Cyprinus Walbaum [J. J.] 1792:36 [Petri Artedi sueci genera piscium Part 3; ref. 4572] New York, U.S.A. No types known. Based on Pennant 1787:149 [ref. 16802]. Current status: Synonym of Fundulus. Fundulidae.

nigrofaciata, Hydargira Lesueur [C. A.] 1817:133 [Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia v. 1 (pt 1, no. 6); ref. 17513] Newport, Rhode Island, U.S.A. Lesueur specimens: MNHN B-0906 (2, poor condition) New York. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1950:13 [ref. 19576]. •Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Smith 1986:412 [ref. 22186] as nigrofasciata, Wildekamp 1996:261 [ref. 23649]). •Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766), subspecies macrolepidotus (Walbaum 1792) -- (Lazara 2001:151 [ref. 25711]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766). Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

nisorius, Fundulus Cope [E. D.] 1870:456 [Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society v. 11 (no. 84); ref. 913] Gabon [locality evidently erroneous]. Syntypes: ANSP 7227-33 (7), 7293-7303 (11). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:97 [ref. 13621], locality regarded as erroneous, specimens found to be from w. Atlantic. •Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Wildekamp 1996:261 [ref. 23649]). •Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766), subspecies heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Lazara 2001:150 [ref. 25711]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766). Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

notatus, Semotilus Rafinesque [C. S.] 1820:86 [Ichthyologia Ohiensis; ref. 3592] Cumberland River and Little River, Kentucky, U.S.A. No types known. Appeared first as name only in Rafinesque 1818:354 [ref. 3586]; as above as Semotilus? notatus. •Valid as Fundulus notatus (Rafinesque 1820) -- (Gruchy et al. 1973:684 [ref. 41053], Lee et al. 1980:521 [ref. 22416], Robison & Buchanan 1988:333 [ref. 23393], McAllister 1990:126 [ref. 14674], Page & Burr 1991:223 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:87 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:367 [ref. 22809], Warren et al. 1994:133 [ref. 25557], Bernardi & Powers 1995:470 [ref. 22410], Cross & Collins 1995:175 [ref. 23394], Wildekamp 1996:280 [ref. 23649], Mettee et al. 1996:463 [ref. 25836], Fuller et al. 1999:298 [ref. 25838], Lyons et al. 2000:42 [ref. 26594], Lazara 2001:156 [ref. 25711], Ross et al. 2001:364 [ref. 25978], Nelson et al. 2004:102 [ref. 27807], Bailey et al. 2004:165 [ref. 27882], Miller & Robison 2004:271 [ref. 27931], Boschung & Mayden 2004:395 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2007:14 [ref. 30398], Page & Burr 2011:435 [ref. 31215], Ghedotti & Davis 2013:58 [ref. 32490] in subgenus Zygonectes, Page et al. 2013:106 [ref. 32708], Bagley et al. 2023:319 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:141 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Fundulus notatus (Rafinesque 1820). Fundulidae. Distribution: Eastern North America: eastern Canada and eastern-central U.S.A. south to Gulf of Mexico. Habitat: freshwater.

nottii, Zygonectes Agassiz [L.] 1854:353 [15] [American Journal of Science and Arts (Series 2) v. 17; ref. 69] Mobile, Alabama, U.S.A. Syntypes: MCZ 1344 (2), 1366 (6), 1368 (1), 1449 (2), 32961 [ex. MCZ 1368] (6). On p. 15 of separate. •Valid as Fundulus nottii (Agassiz 1854) [sometimes as notti] -- (Lee et al. 1980:522 [ref. 22416], Page & Burr 1991:222 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:87 [ref. 23239], Knight & Hastings 1994:150 [ref. 25560], Wildekamp 1996:283 [ref. 23649], Mettee et al. 1996:465 [ref. 25836], Ghedotti & Grose 1997:858 [ref. 23268], Lazara 2001:157 [ref. 25711] as nottii, Ross et al. 2001:365 [ref. 25978], Nelson et al. 2004:102 [ref. 27807] as nottii, Boschung & Mayden 2004:396 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2007:14 [ref. 30398], Page & Burr 2011:433 [ref. 31215], Ghedotti & Davis 2013:58 [ref. 32490] in subgenus Zygonectes, Page et al. 2013:106 [ref. 32708], Robins et al. 2018:206 [ref. 35886], Bagley et al. 2023:319 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:141 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Fundulus nottii (Agassiz 1854). Fundulidae. Distribution: Eastern North America: Gulf drainages (southern U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

ocellaris, Fundulus Jordan [D. S.] & Gilbert [C. H.] 1882:254 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 5 (no. 282); ref. 2472] Laguna Grande at Pensacola, Florida, U.S.A. Syntypes: (about 15) MCZ 35997 [ex USNM 29667] (1); CAS-SU 2177 (2); USNM 29667 (5), 30853 (4, not found in 1980). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:53 [ref. 12291]. •Synonym of Fundulus confluentus Goode & Bean 1879 -- (Wildekamp 1996:241 [ref. 23649], Lazara 2001:144 [ref. 25711]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus confluentus Goode & Bean 1879. Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

olivacea, Paecilia Storer [D. H.] 1845:51 [Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History v. 2 (1845-1848); ref. 18836] Florence, Alabama, U.S.A. Possible types: MCZ 1367 (1), 99852 (1). The original genus is correctly Poecilia. •Valid as Fundulus olivaceus (Storer 1845) -- (Lee et al. 1980:523 [ref. 22416], Robison & Buchanan 1988:334 [ref. 23393], Page & Burr 1991:223 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:88 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:368 [ref. 22809], Warren et al. 1994:133 [ref. 25557], Knight & Hastings 1994:150 [ref. 25560], Bernardi & Powers 1995:470 [ref. 22410], Wildekamp 1996:285 [ref. 23649], Mettee et al. 1996:467 [ref. 25836], Ghedotti & Grose 1997:858 [ref. 23268], Lazara 2001:158 [ref. 25711], Ross et al. 2001:367 [ref. 25978], Nelson et al. 2004:102 [ref. 27807], Miller & Robison 2004:272 [ref. 27931], Boschung & Mayden 2004:397 [ref. 27995], Page & Burr 2011:436 [ref. 31215]. Ghedotti & Davis 2013:58 [ref. 32490] in subgenus Zygonectes, Page et al. 2013:106 [ref. 32708], Robins et al. 2018:207 [ref. 35886], Bagley et al. 2023:319 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:141 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Fundulus olivaceus (Storer 1845). Fundulidae. Distribution: Eastern North America: Mississippi River basin south to Gulf Coast drainages (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

ommata, Heterandria Jordan [D. S.] 1884:323 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 7 (no. 438); ref. 10450] Indian River, Florida, U.S.A. Syntypes: USNM 25331 (2, poor condition). •Valid as Leptolucania ommata (Jordan 1884) -- (Lee et al. 1980:533 [ref. 22416], Parenti 1981:497 [ref. 7066], Page & Burr 1991:225 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:88 [ref. 23239], Mettee et al. 1996:471 [ref. 25836], Lazara 2001:197 [ref. 25711], Ross et al. 2001:370 [ref. 25978], Nelson et al. 2004:103 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:401 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2007:15 [ref. 30398], Page & Burr 2011:439 [ref. 31215], Ghedotti & Davis 2013:58 [ref. 32490] in subgenus Zygonectes, Page et al. 2013:106 [ref. 32708], Robins et al. 2018:216 [ref. 35886], Bagley et al. 2023:319 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:141 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Leptolucania ommata (Jordan 1884). Fundulidae. Distribution: Eastern North America: Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia and Florida (southeastern U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

ornata, Hydrargira Lesueur [C. A.] 1817:131 [Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia v. 1 (pt 1, no. 6); ref. 17513] Delaware River near Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and Cape Cod, Massachusetts., U.S.A. •Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Wildekamp 1996:261 [ref. 23649]). •Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766), subspecies macrolepidotus (Walbaum 1792) -- (Lazara 2001:151 [ref. 25711]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766). Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

pallidus, Fundulus Evermann [B. W.] 1892:84, Pl. 35 (fig. 2) [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 11(art. 2) (for 1891); ref. 12391] Galveston Bay, near Swan Lake, Texas, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): USNM 45564. •Synonym of Fundulus grandis Baird & Girard 1853 -- (Wildekamp 1996:254 [ref. 23649]). •Synonym of Fundulus grandis Baird & Girard 1853, subspecies grandis Baird & Girard 1853 -- (Lazara 2001:147 [ref. 25711]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus grandis Baird & Girard 1853. Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

parvipinnis, Fundulus Girard [C. F.] 1854:154 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 7; ref. 5769] San Diego, California, U.S.A. Syntypes or non-types: ANSP 7255 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:97 [ref. 13621] as paratypes. •Valid as Fundulus parvipinnis Girard 1854 -- (Lee et al. 1980:524 [ref. 22416], Eschmeyer & Herald 1983:117 [ref. 9277], Swift et al. 1993:122 [ref. 22379], Bernardi & Powers 1995:470 [ref. 22410], Wildekamp 1996:288 [ref. 23649], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:117 [ref. 24545], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:221 [ref. 24550], Ruiz-Campos et al. 2000:70 [ref. 24940], Lazara 2001:159 [ref. 25711], Moyle 2002:313 [ref. 26449], Nelson et al. 2004:102 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:67 [ref. 37547], Miller 2006:313 [ref. 28615], García-Ramírez et al. 2007:14 [ref. 29345], Scharpf 2007:14 [ref. 30398], Minckley & Marsh 2009:230 [ref. 31114], Ghedotti & Davis 2013:46 [ref. 32490], Fourriére et al. 2016:457 [ref. 34668], Lozano-Vilano & De la Maza-Benignos 2016:10 [ref. 35401], Kells et al. 2016:120 [ref. 35888], Love et al. 2021:96 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:141 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Fundulus parvipinnis Girard 1854. Fundulidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: estuaries and streams from central California (U.S.A.) south to southern Baja California Sur (Mexico). Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

parvus, Cyprinodon Baird [S. F.] & Girard [C. F.] in Girard 1855:345 [31] [Smithsonian Institution Annual Report 9 (for 1854); ref. 164] Beesley's Point, New Jersey; Greenport, Long Island, New York, U.S.A. Syntypes: USNM 15280 (1). Authorship is as above, with "B. and G." given with the original description. On p. 31 of separate. •Valid as Lucania parva (Baird & Girard 1855) -- (Lee et al. 1980:535 [ref. 22416], Parenti 1981:496 [ref. 7066], Smith 1986:413 [ref. 22186], Robins & Ray 1986:110 [ref. 23100], Page & Burr 1991:224 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:88 [ref. 23239], Duggins et al. 1983:564 [ref. 6819], Espinosa Pérez et al. 1993:36 [ref. 22290], Knight & Hastings 1994:150 [ref. 25560], Mettee et al. 1996:475 [ref. 25836], Sigler & Sigler 1996:224 [ref. 25943], Murdy et al. 1997:123 [ref. 23144], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:918 [ref. 23897], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:217 [ref. 24550], Fuller et al. 1999:302 [ref. 25838], Lazara 2001:199 [ref. 25711], Ross et al. 2001:306 [ref. 25978], Moyle 2002:315 [ref. 26449], Wiley & Ghedotti 2003:1150 [ref. 27020], Boschung & Mayden 2004:404 [ref. 27995], Nelson et al. 2004:103 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:67 [ref. 37547], Scharpf 2007:16 [ref. 30398], Fuller & Noa 2008:699 [ref. 29822], García-Hernández et al. 2009:92 [ref. 37265], Page & Burr 2011:438 [ref. 31215], Ghedotti & Davis 2013:47 [ref. 32490], Page et al. 2013:106 [ref. 32708], Lozano-Vilano & De la Maza-Benignos 2016:13 [ref. 35401], Kells et al. 2016:120 [ref. 35888], Raz-Guzmán et al. 2018:345 [ref. 36407], Robins et al. 2018:220 [ref. 35886], Love et al. 2021:97 [ref. 39279], Bagley et al. 2023:319 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:141 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Lucania parva (Baird & Girard 1855). Fundulidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: U.S.A. south to Mexico, including Gulf of Mexico. Introduced elsewhere. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

persimilis, Fundulus Miller [R. R.] 1955:13, Pl. 1 [Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology University of Michigan No. 568; ref. 10414] Río Lagartos, near the settlement of Lagartos, at the tip of Yucatán, Mexico, 21°35'N, 88°10'W. Holotype: UMMZ 163094. Paratypes: UMMZ 162303 (2), 163095 (30). •Valid as Fundulus persimilis Miller 1955 -- (Wildekamp 1996:290 [ref. 23649], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:914 [ref. 23897], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:219 [ref. 24550], Lazara 2001:159 [ref. 25711], Wiley & Ghedotti 2003:1150 [ref. 27020], Nelson et al. 2004:102 [ref. 27807], Miller 2006:314 [ref. 28615], García-Ramírez et al. 2007:14 [ref. 29345], Scharpf 2007:12 [ref. 30398], García-Hernández et al. 2009:92 [ref. 37265], Ghedotti & Davis 2013:58 [ref. 32490] in subgenus Fundulus, Page et al. 2013:106 [ref. 32708], Lozano-Vilano & De la Maza-Benignos 2016:11 [ref. 35401], Page et al. 2023:141 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Fundulus persimilis Miller 1955. Fundulidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Yucatán (Mexico) endemic. Habitat: brackish, marine.

philpisteri, Fundulus García-Ramírez [M. E.], Contreras-Balderas [S.] & Lozano-Vilano [M. de L.] 2007:14, Fig. 3A-B [Studies of North American Desert Fishes; ref. 29345] Baño de San Ignacio springs, Linares, Rio Rio San Fernando, Nuevo León, Mexico. Holotype: UANL 16774. Paratypes: UNAL 15031 (26) deposited at PN, TNHC, UMMZ, USNM and UABC; UNAL 9031 (1), 11146 (5), 16147 (1). •Valid as Fundulus philpisteri García-Ramírez, Contreras-Balderas & Lozano-Vilano 2007 -- (Scharpf 2007:15 [ref. 30398], Page et al. 2013:106 [ref. 32708], Lozano-Vilano & De la Maza-Benignos 2016:11 [ref. 35401], García-Ramírez et al. 2022:10 [ref. 38966], Page et al. 2023:141 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Fundulus philpisteri García-Ramírez, Contreras-Balderas & Lozano-Vilano 2007. Fundulidae. Distribution: Southern North America: San Ignacio springs and neighboring springs, Linares, Nuevo León (Mexico). Habitat: freshwater.

pisciculus, Esox Mitchill [S. L.] 1815:440 [Transactions of the Literary and Philosophical Society of New-York v. 1 (art. 5) (for 1814); ref. 13292] New York, U.S.A. No types known. •Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Smith 1986:412 [ref. 22186], Wildekamp 1996:261 [ref. 23649]). •Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766), subspecies macrolepidotus (Walbaum 1792) -- (Lazara 2001:150 [ref. 25711]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766). Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

pisculentus, Esox Mitchill [S. L.] 1815:441 [Transactions of the Literary and Philosophical Society of New-York v. 1 (art. 5) (for 1814); ref. 13292] New York, U.S.A. No types known. •Valid as Fundulus pisculentus (Mitchill 1815) -- (Herrera 1896:31 [ref. 39336]). •Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Smith 1986:412 [ref. 22186], Wildekamp 1996:261 [ref. 23649]). •Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766), subspecies macrolepidotus (Walbaum 1792) -- (Lazara 2001:150 [ref. 25711]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766). Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

pulchellus, Zygonectes Girard [C. F.] 1859:113 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 11; ref. 27410] Sugar Loaf Creek, 5 miles southeast of Poteau, Oklahoma, 35°01'N, 93°37'W, U.S.A. Syntypes: ?USNM 3502 (2). •Synonym of Fundulus olivaceus (Storer 1845) -- (Wildekamp 1996:285 [ref. 23649], Lazara 2001:158 [ref. 25711]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus olivaceus (Storer 1845). Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater.

pulvereus, Zygonectes Evermann [B. W.] 1892:85, Pl. 36 (fig. 1) [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 11(art. 2) (for 1891); ref. 12391] Dickinson Bayou, Dickinson; Buffalo Bayou, Houston; the mouth of Oso Creek, Corpus Christi, Texas, U.S.A. Lectotype: USNM 45561 (1 of 2). Paralectotypes: (10) FMNH 1983 (1), CAS-SU 68901 [ex CAS-SU 1122] (1), USNM 126758 (6). Lectotype established (as figured specimen) in caption to Pl. 107, p. 3255 in Jordan & Evermann 1900 [ref. 2446] if figured specimen is identifiable. •Possible synonym of Fundulus confluentus Goode & Bean 1879 -- (Lee et al. 1980:512, 525 [ref. 22416]). •Valid as Fundulus pulvereus (Evermann 1892) -- (Robins & Ray 1986:109 [ref. 23100], Boschung 1992:88 [ref. 23239], Wildekamp 1996:292 [ref. 23649], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:915 [ref. 23897], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:222 [ref. 24550], Lazara 2001:159 [ref. 25711], Ross et al. 2001:368 [ref. 25978], Wiley & Ghedotti 2003:1150 [ref. 27020], Nelson et al. 2004:102 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:398 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2007:15 [ref. 30398], Lang et al. 2011:2 [ref. 31335], Ghedotti & Davis 2013:58 [ref. 32490] in subgenus Fundulus, Page et al. 2013:106 [ref. 32708], Bagley et al. 2023:319 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:141 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Fundulus pulvereus (Evermann 1892). Fundulidae. Distribution: Eastern North America: southeastern U.S.A. Habitat: brackish, marine.

rathbuni, Fundulus Jordan [D. S.] & Meek [S. E.] in Jordan 1889:356, Pl. 44 (fig. 7) [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 11 (no. 723); ref. 10478] Allemance Creek, Greensboro, North Carolina, U.S.A. Lectotype: USNM 39860 (1 of 4). Paralectotypes: ?BMNH 1889.10.30.100 (1), NMW 14846 (1), CAS-SU 5876 (5), USNM 39860 (3 of 4). Possible paralectotypes: USNM 40301 (16). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:53 [ref. 12291]. Lectotype established (as figured specimen) in caption to Pl. 105, p. 3255 in Jordan & Evermann 1900 [ref. 2446] if figured specimen is identifiable. •Valid as Fundulus rathbuni Jordan & Meek 1889 -- (Lee et al. 1980:526 [ref. 22416], Burkhead & Jenkins 1991:371 [ref. 21804], Page & Burr 1991:218 [ref. 18983], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:610 [ref. 21581], Wildekamp 1996:294 [ref. 23649], Lazara 2001:160 [ref. 25711], Ghedotti et al. 2004:53 [ref. 27500], Nelson et al. 2004:102 [ref. 27807], Page & Burr 2011:428 [ref. 31215], Ghedotti & Davis 2013:58 [ref. 32490] in subgenus Fundulus, Page et al. 2013:106 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:141 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Fundulus rathbuni Jordan & Meek 1889. Fundulidae. Distribution: Eastern North America: southern Virginia and North Carolina (southeastern U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

relictus, Fundulus Able [K. W.] & Felley [J. D.] 1988:112, Fig. 6 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 140 (no. 2); ref. 17638] Lover's Lake, St. George's Island, Bermuda, depth 7-12 meters. Holotype: ANSP 148674. Paratypes: ANSP 157681 (39). •Valid as Fundulus relictus Able & Felley 1988 -- (Wildekamp 1996:296 [ref. 23649], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:180 [ref. 25013], Lazara 2001:160 [ref. 25711], Grady et al. 2001:42 [ref. 25638]). •Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Ghedotti & Davis 2013:58 [ref. 32490], Smith-Vaniz & Collette 2013:170 [ref. 32953]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766). Fundulidae. Distribution: Bermuda (if valid). Habitat: freshwater.

rhizophorae, Fundulus Goode [G. B.] 1877:298 [American Journal of Science and Arts (Series 3) v. 14 (no. 82) (art. 50); ref. 13360] Basden Pond [= Mangrove Lake], Bermuda. Holotype: ?USNM 21943 [ex WUM] a 6-cm spec. Paratypes: MCZ 35998 [ex USNM 21943] (8), USNM 111523 (72). •Synonym of Fundulus bermudae Günther 1874 -- (Wildekamp 1996:227 [ref. 23649], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:179 [ref. 25013], Lazara 2001:141 [ref. 25711], Grady et al. 2001:42 [ref. 25638]). •Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766). Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater.

rubrifrons, Zygonectes Jordan [D. S.] 1880:237 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 2 (no. 84); ref. 2381] St. Sebastian River, southeastern Florida, U.S.A. Lectotype: USNM 23450. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1880.1.21.54 (1), MCZ 24378 (1, poor condition). Lectotype selected by Gilbert et al. 1992:755 [ref. 19877]. •Synonym of Fundulus cingulatus Valenciennes 1846 -- (Wildekamp 1996:238 [ref. 23649]). •Valid as Fundulus rubrifrons (Jordan 1880) -- (Gilbert et al. 1992:758 [ref. 19877], Lazara 2001:160 [ref. 25711], Nelson et al. 2004:102 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2007:15 [ref. 30398], Page & Burr 2011:431 [ref. 31215], Ghedotti & Davis 2013:58 [ref. 32490] in subgenus Zygonectes, Robins et al. 2018:209 [ref. 35886], Page et al. 2023:141 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Fundulus rubrifrons (Jordan 1880). Fundulidae. Distribution: Eastern North America: Florida and Georgia (southeastern U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

saguanus, Fundulus grandis Rivas [L. R.] 1948:218, Pl. 14 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 98 (no. 3229); ref. 13075] Brackish channel at Playa Uvero, about 18 kilometers northeast of Sagua La Grande, Las Villas Province, Cuba, 22°51'00"N, 79°54'40"W. Holotype: USNM 132419. Paratypes: Rivas coll. [ex USNM 132420] (2), UMMZ 157691 [ex USNM 132420] (2), USNM 132420 (orig. 14, now 10). Type catalog: Faloh-Gandarilla et al. 2016:2 [ref. 35177]. •Synonym of Fundulus grandis Baird & Girard 1853, but a valid subspecies saguanus Rivas 1948 as described -- (Lee et al. 1980:516 [ref. 22416], Wildekamp 1996:256 [ref. 23649], Lazara 2001:147 [ref. 25711], Ross et al. 2001:361 [ref. 25978], Scharpf 2007:13 [ref. 30398]). •Valid as Fundulus saguanus Rivas 1948 -- (Wiley & Ghedotti 2003:1150 [ref. 27020], Faloh-Gandarilla et al. 2016:2 [ref. 35177]). Current status: Valid as Fundulus saguanus Rivas 1948. Fundulidae. Distribution: Cuba, possibly southern Florida [subspecies saguanus if treated as valid]. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

scartes, Fundulus Meek [S. E.] 1896:347 [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 15 (art. 7) (for 1895); ref. 14613] St. Francis River, Big Bay, Arkansas, U.S.A. Holotype: USNM 47301. Paratypes: CAS-SU 2277 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:53 [ref. 12291]. •Synonym of Fundulus chrysotus (Günther 1866) -- (Wildekamp 1996:235 [ref. 23649], Lazara 2001:143 [ref. 25711]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus chrysotus (Günther 1866). Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater.

sciadicus, Fundulus Cope [E. D.] 1865:78 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 17; ref. 907] Platte River, Nebraska, U.S.A. Syntypes: ANSP 7183-7201 (19). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:97 [ref. 13621]. •Valid as Fundulus sciadicus Cope 1865 -- (Lee et al. 1980:527 [ref. 22416], Page & Burr 1991:219 [ref. 18983], Baxter & Stone 1995:210 [ref. 23374], Cross & Collins 1995:176 [ref. 23394], Wildekamp 1996:298 [ref. 23649], Ghedotti & Grose 1997:858 [ref. 23268], Fuller et al. 1999:299 [ref. 25838], Lazara 2001:160 [ref. 25711], Nelson et al. 2004:102 [ref. 27807], Miller & Robison 2004:274 [ref. 27931], Scharpf 2007:15 [ref. 30398], Page & Burr 2011:429 [ref. 31215], Ghedotti & Davis 2013:58 [ref. 32490] in subgenus Zygonectes, Page et al. 2013:106 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:141 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Fundulus sciadicus Cope 1865. Fundulidae. Distribution: North America: central U.S.A.; disjunct distribution. Habitat: freshwater.

seminolis, Fundulus Girard [C. F.] 1859:60 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 11; ref. 1821] Palatka, eastern Florida, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. •Valid as Fundulus seminolis Girard 1859 -- (Lee et al. 1980:528 [ref. 22416], Page & Burr 1991:216 [ref. 18983], Wildekamp 1996:300 [ref. 23649], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:916 [ref. 23897], Fuller et al. 1999:299 [ref. 25838], Lazara 2001:161 [ref. 25711], Nelson et al. 2004:102 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2007:15 [ref. 30398], Page & Burr 2011:424 [ref. 31215], Ghedotti & Davis 2013:58 [ref. 32490] in subgenus Fundulus, Page et al. 2013:106 [ref. 32708], Robins et al. 2018:211 [ref. 35886], Page et al. 2023:141 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Fundulus seminolis Girard 1859. Fundulidae. Distribution: Eastern North America: Florida (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

similis, Hydrargyra Baird [S. F.] & Girard [C. F.] 1853:389 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 6; ref. 15636] Near Indianola, Texas, U.S.A. Syntypes: ANSP 6987-88 (2), MCZ 1293 [ex USNM 651] (4, apparently discarded). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:97 [ref. 13621]. •Synonym of Fundulus majalis (Walbaum 1792) -- (Wildekamp 1996:277 [ref. 23649], Ross et al. 2001:364 [ref. 25978]). •Valid as Fundulus similis (Baird & Girard 1853) -- (Robins & Ray 1986:110 [ref. 23100], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:220 [ref. 24550], Lazara 2001:161 [ref. 25711], Wiley & Ghedotti 2003:1150 [ref. 27020], Nelson et al. 2004:103 [ref. 27807], Miller 2006:314 [ref. 28615], García-Ramírez et al. 2007:14 [ref. 29345], Scharpf 2007:12 [ref. 30398], Lang et al. 2011:2 [ref. 31335], Page et al. 2013:106 [ref. 32708], Lozano-Vilano & De la Maza-Benignos 2016:12 [ref. 35401], Robins et al. 2018:213 [ref. 35886], Bagley et al. 2023:319 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:141 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Fundulus similis (Baird & Girard 1853). Fundulidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Florida (U.S.A.) to Mexico. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

spilotus, Fundulus Putnam [F. W.] 1863:13 [Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 1 (art. 1); ref. 3567] Not available, Holbrook name provided without description. •In the synonymy of Fundulus pulvereus (Evermann 1892) -- (Lazara 2001:159 [ref. 25711]). Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Fundulus pulvereus (Evermann 1892). Fundulidae.

stellifera, Xenisma Jordan [D. S.] 1877:322 [Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History of New York v. 11 (nos 11-12) (art. 29); ref. 2373] Silver, Lavender and Rocky Creeks, tributaries of Etowah, Oostanaula and Coosa rivers, Georgia, U.S.A. Syntypes: ANSP 20718-20 (3); BMNH 1880.1.21.53 (1); MCZ 24376 (1); MNHN A-1286 (2); UF 165609 [ex. Butler Univ.] (4); USNM 17888 (2), 20139 (1), 329280 [ex Bulter Univ 329] (1). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1950:14 [ref. 19576], Böhlke 1984:97 [ref. 13621], Gilbert 2009:160 [ref. 30728]. Appeared first in Jordan in Jordan & Copeland 1876:142, footnote [ref. 5961] with distinguishing features for genus Xenisma but not for species stellifera. •Valid as Fundulus stellifera (Jordan 1877) -- (Thomerson 1969:1 [ref. 30838], Lee et al. 1980:529 [ref. 22416], Cashner et al. 1988:674 [ref. 6681]). •Valid as Fundulus stellifer (Jordan 1877) -- (Page & Burr 1991:217 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:88 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:369 [ref. 22809], Wildekamp 1996:261 [ref. 23649], Mettee et al. 1996:469 [ref. 25836], Fuller et al. 1999:300 [ref. 25838], Lazara 2001:162 [ref. 25711], Ghedotti et al. 2004:53 [ref. 27500], Nelson et al. 2004:103 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:400 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2007:15 [ref. 30398], Page & Burr 2011:427 [ref. 31215], Ghedotti & Davis 2013:58 [ref. 32490] in subgenus Fundulus, Page et al. 2013:106 [ref. 32708], Bagley et al. 2023:319 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:141 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Fundulus stellifer (Jordan 1877). Fundulidae. Distribution: Eastern North America: Alabama, Georgia and southeastern Tennessee (southeastern U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

stelliferus, Fundulus Jordan [D. S.] in Jordan & Copeland 1877:142, footnote [Bulletin of the Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences v. 3 (no. 4); ref. 5961] Not available, no distinguishing features for species; see Xenisma stellifera. Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Fundulus stellifer (Jordan 1877). Fundulidae.

swampina, Hydrargira Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1803:378, 379, Pl. 10 (fig. 3) [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 5; ref. 4930] South Carolina, U.S.A. •Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Wildekamp 1996:260 [ref. 23649]). •Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766), subspecies heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Lazara 2001:148 [ref. 25711]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766). Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

tenellus, Fundulus Baird [S. F.] & Girard [C. F.] 1853:389 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 6; ref. 15636] Praire Mer Rouge, Louisiana; Russellville, Kentucky, U.S.A. Syntypes: MCZ 1272 (1) Russellville, 1357 (3) Praire Mer Rouge; ?UMMZ 56906 (1). •Synonym of Fundulus notatus (Rafinesque 1820) -- (Wildekamp 1996:280 [ref. 23649], Lazara 2001:156 [ref. 25711] in part). •Synonym (in part) of Fundulus olivaceus (Storer 1845) -- (Lazara 2001:158 [ref. 25711]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus notatus (Rafinesque 1820). Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater.

trifasciata, Hydrargyra Storer [D. H.] 1837:417 [Boston Journal of Natural History v. 1 (no. 4) (art. 18); ref. 18822] Marsh in Massachusetts, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Fundulus majalis (Walbaum 1792) -- (Wildekamp 1996:277 [ref. 23649], Lazara 2001:155 [ref. 25711]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus majalis (Walbaum 1792). Fundulidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

venusta, Limia Girard [C. F.] 1858:170 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 10; ref. 1813] Indianola, Texas, U.S.A. Syntypes: USNM (none found). See also Girard 1859:71, Pl. 39 (figs. 20-23) [ref. 13405]. •Synonym of Lucania parva (Baird & Girard 1855) -- (Hubbs & Miller 1965:7 [ref. 9217], Lazara 2001:200 [ref. 25711], Ross et al. 2001:372 [ref. 25978]). Current status: Synonym of Lucania parva (Baird & Girard 1855). Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

vernalis, Hydrargyra Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1846:206, Pl. 531 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 18; ref. 1011] U.S.A. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000-5742. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1950:14 [ref. 19576]. •Synonym of Fundulus majalis (Walbaum 1792) -- (Wildekamp 1996:277 [ref. 23649], Lazara 2001:156 [ref. 25711]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus majalis (Walbaum 1792). Fundulidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

vinctus, Fundulus Jordan [D. S.] & Gilbert [C. H.] 1882:355 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 5 (no. 290); ref. 12308] Cape San Lucas, Baja California, Mexico. Holotype (unique): USNM 30973. •Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Wildekamp 1996:261 [ref. 23649]). •Synonym of Fundulus parvipinnis Girard 1854 -- (Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:221 [ref. 24550]). •Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766), subspecies macrolepidotus (Walbaum 1792) -- (Lazara 2001:153 [ref. 25711]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus parvipinnis Girard 1854. Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

viridescens, Fundulus DeKay [J. E.] 1842:217, Pl. 31 (fig. 99) [Zoology of New-York; ref. 1098] New York, U.S.A. No types known. •Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Wildekamp 1996:261 [ref. 23649]). •Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766), subspecies macrolepidotus (Walbaum 1792) -- (Lazara 2001:151 [ref. 25711]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766). Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

waccamensis, Fundulus Hubbs [C. L.] & Raney [E. C.] 1946:12, Pl. 1 (figs. 1-2) [Miscellaneous Publications, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan No. 65; ref. 13128] Northern shore of Lake Waccamaw, Columbus County, North Carolina, U.S.A. Holotype: UMMZ 138473. Paratypes: (258) CUMV 9287, UMMZ 138474 (150, 5 c&s); USNM 106717 (1). •Valid as Fundulus waccamensis Hubbs & Raney 1946 -- (Lee et al. 1980:530 [ref. 22416], Page & Burr 1991:216 [ref. 18983], Wildekamp 1996:304 [ref. 23649], Fuller et al. 1999:486 [ref. 25838], Lazara 2001:162 [ref. 25711], Nelson et al. 2004:103 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2007:15 [ref. 30398], Page & Burr 2011:426 [ref. 31215], Ghedotti & Davis 2013:58 [ref. 32490] in subgenus Fundulus, Page et al. 2013:106 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:141 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Fundulus waccamensis Hubbs & Raney 1946. Fundulidae. Distribution: Eastern North America: Lake Waccamaw, North Carolina (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

xenicus, Fundulus Jordan [D. S.] & Gilbert [C. H.] 1882:255 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 5 (no. 282); ref. 2472] Laguna Grande at Pensacola in salt water, Florida, U.S.A. Syntypes: (many) MCZ 35972 [ex USNM 30841] (5), MCZ 36005 [ex USNM 30821] (7), USNM 29668, USNM 30821, USNM 30841. Genus misprinted Fundnlus in original description. Replacement name for Adinia multifasciata Girard 1860, at one time secondarily preoccupied in Fundulus by Hydrargyra multifasciata Lesueur 1817. The name xenica is in current use and should be retained (see Art. 59.3), with Adinia multifasciata in synonymy, •Valid as Adinia xenica (Jordan & Gilbert 1882) -- (Parenti 1981:498 [ref. 7066], Robins & Ray 1986:108 [ref. 23100], Boschung 1992:85 [ref. 23239], Wildekamp 1993:16 [ref. 26378], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:904 [ref. 23897], Lazara 2001:3 [ref. 25711], Ross et al. 2001:352 [ref. 25978], Wiley & Ghedotti 2003:1150 [ref. 27020], Nelson et al. 2004:101 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:376 [ref. 27995], Lang et al. 2011:2 [ref. 31335], Page et al. 2013:105 [ref. 32708]). •Valid as Fundulus xenicus Jordan & Gilbert 1882 -- (Ghedotti & Davis 2013:58 [ref. 32490] in subgenus Zygonectes, Robins et al. 2018:214 [ref. 35886], Bagley et al. 2023:319 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:141 [ref. 40505]). Replacement Name. Current status: Valid as Fundulus xenicus Jordan & Gilbert 1882. Fundulidae. Distribution: Eastern North America: southeastern U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

zebra, Fundulus DeKay [J. E.] 1842:218 [Zoology of New-York; ref. 1098] Salt-water creeks of New York, U.S.A. Syntypes: Cabinet of the Lyceum (whereabouts unknown) Appeared first as name only in DeKay 1840:11, 29 [ref. 17392]. •Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Wildekamp 1996:261 [ref. 23649]). •Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766), subspecies macrolepidotus (Walbaum 1792) -- (Lazara 2001:151 [ref. 25711]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766). Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

zebra, Hydrargyra Girard [C. F.] 1859:60 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 11; ref. 1821] "Between Fort Defiance and Fort Union, New Mexico", probably in an upper affluent of Rio Grande del Norte, U.S.A. Syntypes: ANSP 7352 (1, missing), MCZ 1312 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:98 [ref. 13621]. Subjectively invalid; secondarily preoccupied in Fundulus by Fundulus zebra DeKay 1842, replaced by Fundulus zebrinus Jordan & Gilbert 1883. •Objective synonym of Fundulus zebrinus Jordan & Gilbert 1883 -- (Wildekamp 1996:306 [ref. 23649]). •Synonym of Plancterus zebrinus (Jordan & Gilbert 1883) -- (Lazara 2001:254 [ref. 25711]). 2°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Fundulus zebrinus Jordan & Gilbert 1883. Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

zebrinus, Fundulus Jordan [D. S.] & Gilbert [C. H.] 1883:891 [Bulletin of the United States National Museum No. 16; ref. 2476] "Between Fort Defiance and Fort Union, New Mexico", probably in an upper affluent of Rio Grande del Norte, U.S.A. Syntypes: ANSP 7352 (1, missing), MCZ 1312 (1). Replacement name for Hydrargyra zebra Girard 1859, secondarily preoccupied by Fundulus zebra DeKay 1842. •Valid as Plancterus zebrinus (Jordan & Gilbert 1883) -- (Parenti 1981:493 [ref. 7066], Lazara 2001:253 [ref. 25711], Minckley & Marsh 2009:232 [ref. 31114]). •Valid as Fundulus zebrinus Jordan & Gilbert 1883 -- (Lee et al. 1980:531 [ref. 22416], Page & Burr 1991:220 [ref. 18983], Baxter & Stone 1995:212 [ref. 23374], Bernardi & Powers 1995:470 [ref. 22410], Cross & Collins 1995:177 [ref. 23394], Wildekamp 1996:306 [ref. 23649], Sigler & Sigler 1996:223 [ref. 25943], Fuller et al. 1999:300 [ref. 25838], Kreiser 2001:199 [ref. 26961], Kreiser et al. 2001:339 [ref. 26962], Nelson et al. 2004:103 [ref. 27807], Miller & Robison 2004:275 [ref. 27931], García-Ramírez et al. 2007:14 [ref. 29345], Scharpf 2007:15 [ref. 30398], Page & Burr 2011:431 [ref. 31215], Ghedotti & Davis 2013:58 [ref. 32490] in subgenus Plancterus, Page et al. 2013:106 [ref. 32708], Lozano-Vilano & De la Maza-Benignos 2016:12 [ref. 35401], Page et al. 2023:141 [ref. 40505]). Replacement Name. Current status: Valid as Fundulus zebrinus Jordan & Gilbert 1883. Fundulidae. Distribution: North America: central U.S.A. Introduced in U.S.A. and Mexico. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

zonatus, Esox Mitchill [S. L.] 1815:443 [Transactions of the Literary and Philosophical Society of New-York v. 1 (art. 5) (for 1814); ref. 13292] New York, U.S.A. No types known. •Synonym of Fundulus majalis (Walbaum 1792) -- (Smith 1986:413 [ref. 22186], Wildekamp 1996:277 [ref. 23649], Lazara 2001:155 [ref. 25711]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus majalis (Walbaum 1792). Fundulidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

zonatus, Fundulus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1846:196 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 18; ref. 1011] South Carolina, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): MNHN B-0907 (poor condition). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1950:13 [ref. 19576]. Questionably referred to Esox zonatus by Valenciennes, which is Fundulus zonatus Mitchill, so Valenciennes species is secondarily preoccupied (subjectively invalid) in Fundulus if regarded as a separate description. •Synonym of Fundulus lineolatus (Agassiz 1854) -- (Wildekamp 1996:272 [ref. 23649], Lazara 2001:154 [ref. 25711]). 2°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Fundulus lineolatus (Agassiz 1854). Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater.

zonatus, Zygonectes Agassiz [L.] 1854:353 [15] [American Journal of Science and Arts (Series 2) v. 17; ref. 69] St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A. Syntypes: MCZ 1244 (2). On p. 15 of separate. Subjectively invalid; secondarily preoccupied in Fundulus by Fundulus zonatus (Mitchill 1815). •Synonym of Fundulus notatus (Rafinesque 1820) -- (Wildekamp 1996:280 [ref. 23649], Lazara 2001:156 [ref. 25711]). 2°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Fundulus notatus (Rafinesque 1820). Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater.

zonifer, Zygonectes Jordan [D. S.] & Meek [S. E.] 1885:482 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 7 (no. 453); ref. 10635] Tributary of Altamaha River, Nashville, Georgia, U.S.A. Syntypes: USNM 28505 (3). •Synonym of Fundulus lineolatus (Agassiz 1854) -- (Wildekamp 1996:272 [ref. 23649], Lazara 2001:154 [ref. 25711]). Current status: Synonym of Fundulus lineolatus (Agassiz 1854). Fundulidae. Habitat: freshwater.