Please look in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes for authorships of sections, Families of Fishes (all), and related information.

Species in the family or subfamily Gempylidae: [ 75 ] records

acanthoderma, Thyrsites Lowe [R. T.] 1839:78 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1839 (pt 7); ref. 2829] Off Madeira, eastern Atlantic. No types known. •Synonym of Ruvettus pretiosus Cocco 1833 -- (Parin & Bekker 1973:460 [ref. 7206], Parin 1990:970 [ref. 19382], Nakamura & Parin 1993:52 [ref. 21769]). Current status: Synonym of Ruvettus pretiosus Cocco 1833. Gempylidae. Habitat: marine.

alisae, Rexea Roberts [C. D.] & Stewart [A. L.] 1997:133, Fig. 3 [Mémoires du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris (N. S.) (Série A) Zoologie v. 174; ref. 23233] Norfolk Ridge, Aztèque seamount, 23°23.05'S, 168°00.35'E, depth 470-510 meters. Holotype: MNHN 1994-0046. Paratypes: AMS I.32494-001 (1); MNHN 1994-0047 (1); NMNZ-P.29162 (1), P.30165-66 (1, 1). •Valid as Rexea alisae Roberts & Stewart 1997. Current status: Valid as Rexea alisae Roberts & Stewart 1997. Gempylidae. Distribution: Western Pacific. Habitat: marine.

altivelis, Thyrsites Richardson [J.] 1839:99 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1839 (pt 7); ref. 3732] Port Arthur, Tasmania, Australia. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1855.9.19.502. Also described in Richardson 1842:119 [ref. 13097] as Thyrsites atun, var. altivelis. •Synonym of Thyrsites atun (Euphrasen 1791) -- (Parin 1990:971 [ref. 19382], Nakamura & Parin 1993:54 [ref. 21769], Bray & Hoese 2006:1759 [ref. 29049]). •Synonym of Leionura atun (Euphrasen 1791). Current status: Synonym of Leionura atun (Euphrasen 1791). Gempylidae. Habitat: marine.

americana, Epinnula orientalis Grey [M.] 1953:137 [Copeia 1953 (no. 3); ref. 12695] North of Gulf of Mexico, 29°20'N, 87°42'W, depth 101 fathoms. Holotype: FMNH 46391. Paratypes: FMNH 46392-93 (1, 7). Type catalog: Ibarra & Stewart 1987:35 [ref. 12367]. •Valid as Neoepinnula americana (Grey 1953) -- (Fujii in Uyeno et al. 1983:408 [ref. 14275], Nakamura & Parin 1993:33 [ref. 21769], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:326 [ref. 25013], Moore et al. 2003:229 [ref. 27076], Parin & Nakamura 2003:1821 [ref. 27115], Menezes & Figueiredo in Menezes et al. 2003:101 [ref. 27192], Roa-Varón et al. 2003:19 [ref. 27814], Nelson et al. 2004:175 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:760 [ref. 28815], Page et al. 2013:181 [ref. 32708], Nakayama et al. 2014:[5] [ref. 33564], Lins Oliveira et al. 2015:174 [ref. 37485], Klautau et al. 2020:9 [ref. 37903], Carvalho-Filho 2023:246 [ref. 40480], Page et al. 2023:113 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Neoepinnula americana (Grey 1953). Gempylidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Bermuda south to Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil), including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. Habitat: marine.

ammodytes, Gempylus Richardson [J.] 1845:no p., Pl. 50 (fig. 4) [Ichthyology.--Part 2. The zoology of the voyage of H. M. S. Sulphur; ref. 20574] No types known. Available from plate. Placed in synonymy of "Gempylus coluber C&V" in Richardson 1845:101 [ref. 20575]. Gempylidae.

antarcticus, Paradiplospinus Andriashev [A. P.] 1960:245, Figs. 1-2 [Zoologicheskii Zhurnal v. 39 (no. 2); ref. 122] 64°22'S, 121°08'E, Banzare coast, Wilkes Land, Antarctica. Holotype: ZIN 36062. Paratypes: BMNH [ex ZIN 36063] 1960.1.20.1 (1); ZIN 36063 (1), 36117 (3), 36148 (3); ZMB 23212 [ex ZIN 36117] (1). Non-types: ZMB 23213 [ex ZIN 41883] (1). •Synonym of Paradiplospinus gracilis (Brauer 1906) -- (Nakamura 1986:827 [ref. 5696], Nakamura 1990:402 [ref. 21700], Miller 1993:679 [ref. 21297]). •Valid as Paradiplospinus antarcticus Andriashev 1960 -- (Nakamura & Parin 1993:37 [ref. 21769], Nión et al. 2016:52 [ref. 35565]). Current status: Valid as Paradiplospinus antarcticus Andriashev 1960. Gempylidae. Distribution: Antarctica to Uruguay. Habitat: marine.

antefurcata, Rexea Parin [N. V.] 1989:19 [101], Fig. 6 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 29 (no. 1); ref. 12753] Sala y Gomez Ridge, 25°34'S, 89°12'W, southeastern Pacific, depth 560-590 meters. Holotype: ZIN 48502. Paratypes: AMS I.27375-001 (1); BMNH 1988.3.9.1-2 (2); BPBM 6738 (1), 31998 (1); CAS 62984 (2); HUMZ 109629 (1); IOM (1); MNHN 1988-0405 (1); USNM 285051 (1), 296244 (2); ZIN 48513-23 (2, 2, 1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 4, 4, 2, 1); ZMMU P-17383-90 (1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 1, 3, 1 skull), 17392 (2). Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:84-85 [ref. 25714]. On p. 101 of English translation. •Valid as Rexea antefurcata Parin 1989 -- (Nakamura & Parin 1993:44 [ref. 21769], Roberts & Stewart 1997:128 [ref. 23233], Pequeño 1997:84 [ref. 23536], Hutchins 2001:45 [ref. 25847], Nakamura & Parin 2001:3707 [ref. 26304], Bray & Hoese 2006:1757 [ref. 29049], Duffy & Ahyong 2015:118 [ref. 36167], Fricke 2015:6 [ref. 33807], Stewart 2015:1611 [ref. 34196]). Current status: Valid as Rexea antefurcata Parin 1989. Gempylidae. Distribution: South Pacific: eastern Australia, New Zealand and Kermadec Islands east to Chile. Habitat: marine.

argenteus, Sygnathus Osbeck [P.] 1765:396 [Reise nach Ostindien und China; ref. 3311] Atlantic between Ascension Island and the Sargasso Sea at 10°06'N. No types known. Genus should have been Syngnathus. Gempylidae. Habitat: marine.

armatus, Dicrotus Günther [A.] 1860:349 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 2; ref. 1963] No locality. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1953.12.31.5. •Questionably a synonym of Promethichthys prometheus (Cuvier 1832) -- (Parin & Bekker 1973:459 [ref. 7206], Parin 1990:969 [ref. 19382], Nakamura & Parin 1993:40 [ref. 21769]). Current status: Uncertain as Promethichthys prometheus (Cuvier 1832). Gempylidae. Habitat: marine.

atlanticus, Prometheus Lowe [R. T.] 1838:78 [Transactions of the Zoological Society of London v. 2 (pt 3, art. 14); ref. 2831] Off Madeira. No types known. •Synonym of Promethichthys prometheus (Cuvier 1832) -- (Parin & Bekker 1973:459 [ref. 7206], Parin 1990:969 [ref. 19382], Bray & Hoese 2006:1757 [ref. 29049]). Current status: Synonym of Promethichthys prometheus (Cuvier 1832). Gempylidae. Habitat: marine.

atun, Scomber Euphrasen [B. A.] 1791:315 [Kongliga Vetenskaps-Academiens Handlingar, Stockholm v. 12 (for 1791); ref. 17468] Cape of Good Hope, South Africa. No types known. •Valid as Thyrsites atun (Euphrasen 1791) -- (Nakamura 1986:828 [ref. 5696], Nakamura in Nakamura et al. 1986:270 [ref. 14235], Pequeño 1989:67 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:227 [ref. 24556], Nakamura in Amaoka et al. 1990:305 [ref. 16024], Parin 1990:971 [ref. 19382], Nakamura & Parin 1993:54 [ref. 21769], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:170 [ref. 25472], Gomon et al. 1994:816 [ref. 22532], Andrew et al. 1995:25 [ref. 38009], López et al. 1996:55 [ref. 23681], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:393 [ref. 24555], Hutchins 2001:45 [ref. 25847], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:410 [ref. 28072], Bray & Hoese 2006:1759 [ref. 29049], Gomon 2008:779 [ref. 30616], Stewart 2015:1614 [ref. 34196], Nión et al. 2016:52 [ref. 35565], Sutton et al. 2020:261 [ref. 37832], Russell & van Oijen 2021:432 [ref. 38177], Heemstra 2022:260 [ref. 40162]). •Valid as Leionura atun (Euphrasen 1791). Current status: Valid as Leionura atun (Euphrasen 1791). Gempylidae. Distribution: Southern circumglobal. Habitat: marine.

ballieui, Thyrsites Sauvage [H.-E.] 1882:170 [Bulletin de la Société philomathique de Paris (7th Série) v. 6; ref. 3894] Hawaiian Islands. Holotype: MNHN A-4296. •Synonym of Promethichthys prometheus (Cuvier 1832) -- (Parin & Bekker 1973:459 [ref. 7206], Parin 1990:969 [ref. 19382] as ballieni, Nakamura & Parin 1993:40 [ref. 21769], Mundy 2005:501 [ref. 28379]). Current status: Synonym of Promethichthys prometheus (Cuvier 1832). Gempylidae. Habitat: marine.

bengalensis, Thyrsites Alcock [A. W.] 1894:117 [3], Pl. 6 (fig. 1) [Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal v. 63 (pt 2); ref. 90] Off Madras, India, Investigator station 162, depth 145-250 fathoms. Syntypes: BMNH [ex ZSI F13523] 1895.1.3.5 (1); USNM [ex ZSI 13519] (1); ZSI F13518 (1), F13521-22 (1, 1), F13524 (1). Type catalog: Menon & Yazdani 1968:151 [ref. 20743], Menon and Rama-Rao 1970:377 [ref. 27516], Menon & Rama-Rao 1975:42 [ref. 22148]. On p. 3 of separate. Figured in Alcock 1895: Pl. 15 (fig. 10) [ref. 20532]. •Valid as Rexea bengalensis (Alcock 1894) -- (Manilo 1992:24 [133] [ref. 39140], Nakamura & Parin 1993:45 [ref. 21769], Roberts & Stewart 1997:135 [ref. 23233], Adam et al. 1998:13 [ref. 23610], Randall & Lim in Randall & Lim 2000:643 [ref. 25122], Hutchins 2001:45 [ref. 25847], Nakamura & Parin 2001:3707 [ref. 26304], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S121 [ref. 27377], Bray & Hoese 2006:1757 [ref. 29049], Fricke et al. 2014:187 [ref. 33932], Motomura et al. 2017:210 [ref. 35490], Fricke et al. 2018:360 [ref. 35805], Kawai et al. 2020:51 [ref. 37785], Psomadakis et al. 2020:567 [ref. 37272], Heemstra 2022:258 [ref. 40162]). Current status: Valid as Rexea bengalensis (Alcock 1894). Gempylidae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Saya de Malha Bank, Mozambique Channel and Madagascar east to Philippines and New Guinea, north to southern Japan, south to northern Australia and New Caledonia. Habitat: marine.

brevilineata, Rexea Parin [N. V.] 1989:13 [95], Fig. 3 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 29 (no. 1); ref. 12753] Nazca Ridge, 24°41'S, 85°29'W, eastern Pacific, depth 320 meters. Holotype: ZIN 48501. Paratypes: AMS I27374-001 (2); BMNH 1988.3.9.3-4 (2); BPBM 31999 (2); CAS 62983 (2); HUMZ 109628 (1); MNHN 1988-0404 (1); USNM 285050 (1), 296245 (1); ZIN 48504-10 (1, 1, 1, 4, 10, 1, 2); ZMMU P-17377-81 (1, 2, 4, 1, 5). Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:85 [ref. 25714]. On p. 95 of English translation. •Valid as Rexea brevilineata Parin 1989 -- (Nakamura & Parin 1993:46 [ref. 21769], Roberts & Stewart 1997:134 [ref. 23233], Pequeño 1997:84 [ref. 23536]). Current status: Valid as Rexea brevilineata Parin 1989. Gempylidae. Distribution: Southeastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

carinatum, Xenogramma Waite [E. R.] 1904:158, Pl. 19 (fig. 1) [Records of the Australian Museum v. 5 (no. 3); ref. 4561] Lord Howe Island. Holotype (unique): AMS I.5599. Xenogramma is feminine, so the original species spelling should have been carinata. •Synonym of Lepidocybium flavobrunneum (Smith 1843) -- (Parin & Bekker 1973:458 [ref. 7206], Parin 1990:967 [ref. 19382], Nakamura & Parin 1993:29 [ref. 21769], Nakamura in Fischer et al. 1995:1111 [ref. 22829], Alvarez-León 2002:229 [ref. 26373], Ali et al. 2021:191 [ref. 38674]). Current status: Synonym of Lepidocybium flavobrunneum (Smith 1843). Gempylidae. Habitat: marine.

chilensis, Thyrsites Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1832:204 [Histoire naturelle des poissons; ref. 1000] Valparaíso, Chile. Syntypes: MNHN A-5375 (2). Also in Griffith & Smith 1834:Pl. 48 (opp. p. 186) [ref. 1908]. •Synonym of Thyrsites atun (Euphrasen 1791) -- (Parin 1990:971 [ref. 19382], Nakamura & Parin 1993:54 [ref. 21769]). •Synonym of Leionura atun (Euphrasen 1791). Current status: Synonym of Leionura atun (Euphrasen 1791). Gempylidae. Habitat: marine.

coluber, Gempylus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1832:211, Pl. 221 [Histoire naturelle des poissons; ref. 1000] Tahiti, Society Islands. Holotype: MNHN A-5362. •Synonym of Gempylus serpens Cuvier 1829 -- (Parin & Bekker 1973:457 [ref. 7206], Parin 1990:966 [ref. 19382], Nakamura & Parin 1993:27 [ref. 21769]). Current status: Synonym of Gempylus serpens Cuvier 1829. Gempylidae. Habitat: marine.

compressa, Muraena Walbaum [J. J.] 1792:153 [Petri Artedi sueci genera piscium Part 3; ref. 4572] Jamaica. No types known. See Parenti 2002:267 [ref. 26474] for status and a translation of Walbaum's original description. •Senior (unused) synonym of Gempylus serpens Cuvier 1829 -- (Parenti 2002:267 [ref. 26474]). Nomen Oblitum. Current status: Synonym of Gempylus serpens Cuvier 1829. Gempylidae. Habitat: marine.

delagoensis, Ruvettus Gilchrist [J. D. F.] & von Bonde [C.] 1924:16 [Report Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey, Union of South Africa v. 3 (no. 7) (1922); ref. 1649] Delagoa Bay, 25°41'20"S, 33°23'45"E, Mozambique, Pickle station 292, depth 275 fathoms. Holotype (unique): SAIAB [formerly RUSI] 801. Type information: Winterbottom 1974:7 [ref. 19544]. •Synonym of Ruvettus pretiosus Cocco 1833 -- (Nakamura 1986:828 [ref. 5696]). Current status: Synonym of Ruvettus pretiosus Cocco 1833. Gempylidae. Habitat: marine.

dentatus, Scomber Forster [J. R.] in Bloch & Schneider 1801:24 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] New Zealand. No types known. Based on description in manuscript by Forster (Johann Reinhold Forster, 1729-1798, German explorer and naturalist of Cook's second voyage). •Synonym of Thyrsites atun (Euphrasen 1791) -- (Parin 1990:971 [ref. 19382], Nakamura & Parin 1993:54 [ref. 21769]). •Synonym of Leionura atun (Euphrasen 1791). Current status: Synonym of Leionura atun (Euphrasen 1791). Gempylidae. Habitat: marine.

dentex, Scomber Forster [J. R.] in Richardson 1843:20 [Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science v. 12 (12th meeting [1842]); ref. 12502] Not available, Forster name mentioned in synonymy of Thrsites atun atlivelis; also preoccupied. Based on description in manuscript by Forster (Johann Reinhold Forster, 1729-1798, German explorer and naturalist of Cook's second voyage). •In the synonymy of Thyrsites atun (Euphrasen 1791) -- (Parin 1990:972 [ref. 19382], Nakamura & Parin 1993:54 [ref. 21769]). •In the synonymy of Leionura atun (Euphrasen 1791). Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Leionura atun (Euphrasen 1791). Gempylidae.

esox, Leionura Kuhl [H.] & van Hasselt [J. C.] in Bleeker 1859:68 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 21; ref. 373] Not available, manuscript name mentioned in passing under Thyrsites atun. •In the synonymy of Leionura atun (Euphrasen 1791). Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Leionura atun (Euphrasen 1791). Gempylidae.

flavobrunneum, Cybium Smith [A.] 1843:no pagination, Pl. 20 [Illustrations of the zoology of South Africa v. 4; ref. 4035] Cape of Good Hope, South Africa, southeastern Atlantic. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1843.2.28.20. Originally as flavo-brunneum. •Valid as Lepidocybium flavobrunneum (Smith 1843) -- (Parin & Bekker 1973:458 [ref. 7206], Eschmeyer & Herald 1983:268 [ref. 9277], Fujii in Uyeno et al. 1983:414 [ref. 14275], Nakamura in Masuda et al. 1984:227 [ref. 6441], Parin in Whitehead et al. 1986:969 [ref. 13676], Nakamura 1986:827 [ref. 5696], Robins & Ray 1986:258 [ref. 23100], Scott & Scott 1988:443 [ref. 25518], Paulin et al. 1989:227 [ref. 24556], McAllister 1990:177 [ref. 14674], Parin 1990:966 [ref. 19382], Boschung 1992:167 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:322 [ref. 23827], Nakamura & Parin 1993:29 [ref. 21769], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:168 [ref. 25472], Azevedo & Heemstra 1995:3 [ref. 22269], Nakamura in Fischer et al. 1995:1111 [ref. 22829], Santos et al. 1997:105 [ref. 23531], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:392 [ref. 24555], Fricke 1999:557 [ref. 24106], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:326 [ref. 25013], Nakabo 2000:1338 [ref. 25182], Hutchins 2001:45 [ref. 25847], Nakamura & Parin 2001:3703 [ref. 26304] dated 1849, Shinohara et al. 2001:332 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:1338 [ref. 26193], Alvarez-León 2002:229 [ref. 26373], Moore et al. 2003:229 [ref. 27076], Parin & Nakamura 2003:1819 [ref. 27115], Myers & Donaldson 2003:648 [ref. 27495] with daet as 1853, Menezes & Figueiredo in Menezes et al. 2003:101 [ref. 27192], Parin 2003:S26 [ref. 28536], Randall et al. 2004:31 [ref. 27624], Nelson et al. 2004:175 [ref. 27807], Heemstra et al. 2004:3331 [ref. 27945], Love et al. 2005:165 [ref. 37547], Mundy 2005:500 [ref. 28379], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:758 [ref. 28815], Bray & Hoese 2006:1754 [ref. 29049] dated 1849, Randall 2007:444 [ref. 30952], Gomon 2008:777 [ref. 30616], Fricke et al. 2009:110 [ref. 30213], McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:194 [ref. 30957], Page et al. 2013:181 [ref. 32708], Parin et al. 2014:508 [ref. 33547], Duffy & Ahyong 2015:118 [ref. 36167], Pinheiro et al. 2015:32 [ref. 34324], Stewart 2015:1607 [ref. 34196], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:611 [ref. 34923], Fourriére et al. 2016:459 [ref. 34668], Kells et al. 2016:312 [ref. 35888], Nión et al. 2016:52 [ref. 35565], Parin & Nakamura in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2879 [ref. 34618], Motomura et al. 2017:209 [ref. 35490], Fricke et al. 2018:360 [ref. 35805], Brown et al. 2019:172 [ref. 36444], Burton & Lea 2019:101 [ref. 37205], Carneiro et al. 2019:162 [ref. 37250], Fricke et al. 2019:309 [ref. 36673], Iglésias et al. 2019:281 [ref. 37098], Reiner 2019:272 [ref. 38139], Iglésias et al. 2020:302 [ref. 37987], Kim et al. 2020:179 [ref. 39118], Klautau et al. 2020:8 [ref. 37903], Song et al. 2020:27 [ref. 37416], Sutton et al. 2020:259 [ref. 37832], Ali et al. 2021:191 [ref. 38674], Love et al. 2021:209 [ref. 39279], Ali et al. 2022:191 [ref. 39462], Eduardo et al. 2022:10 [ref. 39574], Fermon et al. 2022:216 [ref. 39448], Gloerfelt-Tarp & Kailola 2022:265 [ref. 41223], Grove et al. 2022:18 [ref. 41326], Heemstra 2022:256 [ref. 40162], Robertson et al. 2022:86 [ref. 39353], Carvalho-Filho 2023:246 [ref. 40480], Page et al. 2023:113 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Lepidocybium flavobrunneum (Smith 1843). Gempylidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and temperate seas (including Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea, Gulf of California/Mexico). Habitat: marine.

furcifera, Rexea Waite [E. R.] 1911:49 [Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute v. 43 (pt 2) (for 1910); ref. 4567] New Zealand. Syntypes: (several) CMC F243 (1). Type catalog: Freeman & Tunnicliffe 1997:9 [ref. 22860] with a holotype but no holotype was established originally. Species later illustrated and described in more detail in Waite 1911:236, Pl. 52 [ref. 14826]. •Synonym of Rexea solandri (Cuvier 1832) -- (Nakamura & Parin 1993:49 [ref. 21769], Bray & Hoese 2006:1758 [ref. 29049]). Current status: Synonym of Rexea solandri (Cuvier 1832). Gempylidae. Habitat: marine.

gracilis, Lepidopus Brauer [A.] 1906:291, Pl. 12 (fig. 5) [Die Tiefsee-Fische v. 15; ref. 632] Off western coast of South Africa, 21°53'S, 6°58'06"E, southeastern Atlantic, depth 1400 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMB 17679. •Valid as Paradiplospinus gracilis (Brauer 1906) -- (Nakamura 1986:827 [ref. 5696], Nakamura in Nakamura et al. 1986:274 [ref. 14235], Pequeño 1989:67 [ref. 14125], Parin 1990:969 [ref. 19382], Nakamura 1990:402 [ref. 21700], Miller 1993:679 [ref. 21297], Nakamura & Parin 1993:39 [ref. 21769], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:169 [ref. 25472], Olaso et al. 1997:83 [ref. 25009], Duhamel et al. 2005:378 [ref. 32059], Bray & Hoese 2006:1756 [ref. 29049], Duffy & Ahyong 2015:118 [ref. 36167], Stewart 2015:1610 [ref. 34196], Parin & Nakamura in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2882 [ref. 34618], Sutton et al. 2020:258 [ref. 37832], Heemstra 2022:257 [ref. 40162]). Current status: Valid as Paradiplospinus gracilis (Brauer 1906). Gempylidae. Distribution: Southeastern Atlantic: Namibia and western South Africa; southwestern Pacific: New Zealand, Kermadec Islands. Habitat: marine.

japonicus, Thyrsites Döderlein [L.] in Steindachner & Döderlein 1883:36 [Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe. v. 48 (1. Abth.); ref. 4247] Not available, name mentioned in passing under T. prometheus. Nomen Nudum. Gempylidae.

johnpaxtoni, Rexichthys Parin [N. V.] & Astakhov [D. A.] 1987:149 [155], Fig. 1 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 27 (no. 1); ref. 9146] Western Pacific, Tasmanian Sea, 32°18'S, 153°00'E, depth 400 meters. Holotype: AMS I.23899-001. Paratypes: AMS I.20444-003 (1). On p. 155 of English translation. •Valid as Rexichthys johnpaxtoni Parin & Astakhov 1987 -- (Nakamura & Parin 1993:51 [ref. 21769], Roberts & Stewart 1997:138 [ref. 23233], Nakamura & Parin 2001:3707 [ref. 26304], Bray & Hoese 2006:1758 [ref. 29049]). Current status: Valid as Rexichthys johnpaxtoni Parin & Astakhov 1987. Gempylidae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

jordanus, Thyrsitoides Ajiad [A. M.], Jafari [R.] & Mahasneh [D. M.] 1987:12, Pl. 1 [Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India v. 24 (nos 1-2) (1982); ref. 20109] Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea, depth 100 meters. Holotype (unique): Mar. Science Sta. Aqaba. •Valid as Thyrsitoides jordanus Ajiad, Jafari & Mahasneh 1987 -- (Goren & Dor 1994:69 [ref. 25356]). •Synonym of Thyrsitoides marleyi Fowler 1929 -- (Baranes & Golani 1993:311 [ref. 22372], Golani & Fricke 2018:169 [ref. 36273]). Current status: Synonym of Thyrsitoides marleyi Fowler 1929. Gempylidae. Habitat: marine.

lanceolatus, Scomber Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1832:204 [Histoire naturelle des poissons; ref. 1000] New Zealand. No types known. •Synonym of Thyrsites atun (Euphrasen 1791) -- (Parin 1990:971 [ref. 19382], Nakamura & Parin 1993:54 [ref. 21769]). •Synonym of Leionura atun (Euphrasen 1791). Current status: Synonym of Leionura atun (Euphrasen 1791). Gempylidae. Habitat: marine.

latispinis, Machaerope Ogilby [J. D.] 1899:737 [Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales v. 23 (pt 4); ref. 3277] Lord Howe Island. Holotype (unique): QM I.74. •Synonym of Nealotus tripes Johnson 1865 -- (Parin & Bekker 1973:458 [ref. 7206], Parin 1990:968 [ref. 19382], Nakamura & Parin 1993:30 [ref. 21769] as latispinus). Current status: Synonym of Nealotus tripes Johnson 1865. Gempylidae. Habitat: marine.

lepidopodea, Thyrsites Lesson [R. P.] (ex Cuvier, Delalande) 1831:158, Poissons Pl. 15 [Voyage autour du monde Zool. v. 2 (pt 1); ref. 2776] Brazil. No types known. Based on a drawing by Pierre-Antoine Delalande (1787-1823); biography see Bauchot et al. 1990:72 [ref. 37231]. Same as (and predates) Thyrsites lepidopoides Cuvier 1832. •Incorrectly valid as Thyrsitops lepidopoides (Cuvier 1832) -- (Nakamura in Nakamura et al. 1986:272 [ref. 14235], Pequeño 1989:67 [ref. 14125] as lepidopodes, Nakamura & Parin 1993:57 [ref. 21769], Menezes & Figueiredo in Menezes et al. 2003:102 [ref. 27192], Nión et al. 2016:52 [ref. 35565], Spier et al. 2018:16 [ref. 36103], Ribeiro et al. 2019:8 [ref. 36717]). •Valid as Thyrsites lepidopodea Lesson 1831 -- (Carvalho-Filho 2023:245 [ref. 40480], Hoff et al. 2023:6 [ref. 40463]). Current status: Valid as Thyrsites lepidopodea Lesson 1831. Gempylidae. Distribution: Southwestern Atlantic: Espírito Santo (Brazil) south to central Argentina; southeastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

lepidopoides, Thyrsites Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes (ex Delalande) 1832:205, Pl. 220 [Histoire naturelle des poissons; ref. 1000] Brazil. Syntypes: MNHN 0000-1810 (1), 0000-1811 (1). Based on a drawing by Pierre-Antoine Delalande (1787-1823); biography see Bauchot et al. 1990:72 [ref. 37231]. Same as Thyrsites lepidopoda Lesson 1831. •Valid as Thyrsitops lepidopoides (Cuvier 1832) -- (Nakamura in Nakamura et al. 1986:272 [ref. 14235], Pequeño 1989:67 [ref. 14125] as lepidopodes, Nakamura & Parin 1993:57 [ref. 21769], Menezes & Figueiredo in Menezes et al. 2003:102 [ref. 27192], Nión et al. 2016:52 [ref. 35565], Spier et al. 2018:16 [ref. 36103], Ribeiro et al. 2019:8 [ref. 36717]). •Synonym of Thyrsites lepidopodea Lesson 1831. Current status: Synonym of Thyrsites lepidopodea Lesson 1831. Gempylidae. Habitat: marine.

macarello, Scomber Gistel [J.] 1848:108 [Naturgeschichte des Thierreichs; ref. 1822] European coasts. Gempylidae.

macrophthalmus, Scomber Solander [D. C.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1832:215 [Histoire naturelle des poissons; ref. 1000] Not available; name mentioned in passing under Gempylus solandri; from Australia. Nomen Nudum. Gempylidae.

maderensis, Diplogonurus Noronha [A. C. di] 1926:381, Fig. 1 [Annals of the Carnegie Museum v. 16 (no. 3-4) (12); ref. 3229] Camara de Lobos, Madeira, eastern Atlantic. Holotype (unique): FMNH (missing, not received by CM). Type catalog: Henn 1928:89 [ref. 12305], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:32 [ref. 12367]. •Synonym of Lepidocybium flavobrunneum (Smith 1843) -- (Parin & Bekker 1973:458 [ref. 7206], Parin 1990:967 [ref. 19382], Nakamura & Parin 1993:29 [ref. 21769], Ali et al. 2021:191 [ref. 38674]). Current status: Synonym of Lepidocybium flavobrunneum (Smith 1843). Gempylidae. Habitat: marine.

magistralis, Epinnula Poey [F.] 1854:369, Pl. 32 (figs. 3-4) [Memorias sobre la historia natural de la Isla de Cuba v. 1; ref. 3497] Bimini, Bahamas. [Original locality: Havana, Cuba, Gulf of Mexico, western Atlantic.] Neotype: USNM 391434. Neotype designated by Ho et al. 2017:400 [ref. 35701]. •Valid as Epinnula magistralis Poey 1854 -- (Nakamura in Masuda et al. 1984:226 [ref. 6441], Parin & Kotlyar 1991:1004 [ref. 19226], Cervigón 1992:324 [ref. 23827], Nakamura & Parin 1993:26 [ref. 21769], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:326 [ref. 25013], Nakabo 2000:1340 [ref. 25182], Shinohara et al. 2001:331 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:1340 [ref. 26193], Parin & Nakamura 2003:1817 [ref. 27115], Nelson et al. 2004:175 [ref. 27807], Mundy 2005:499 [ref. 28379] now = E. pacifica, McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:756 [ref. 28815], Ho & Yee 2012:62 [ref. 32522] now = E. pacifica, Page et al. 2013:180 [ref. 32708], Stewart 2015:1605 [ref. 34196] now = E. pacifica, Hata & Motomura 2016:11 [ref. 35077] now = E. pacifica, Ho et al. 2017:393 [ref. 35701], Page et al. 2023:112 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Epinnula magistralis Poey 1854. Gempylidae. Distribution: Cuba, Bahamas and Virgin Islands [ref. 35701]; western Atlantic Ocean [ref. 35701]. Old locality: Probably circumglobal in tropical and subtropical seas, including Hawaiian Islands, but not eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

marleyi, Thyrsitoides Fowler [H. W.] 1929:256, Fig. 2 [Annals of the Natal Museum v. 6 (pt 2); ref. 1403] KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, southwestern Indian Ocean. No types known. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:103 [ref. 13621] as not found in ANSP. •Valid as Thyrsitoides marleyi Fowler 1929 -- (Nakamura in Okamura et al. 1982:265, 390 [ref. 8256], Dor 1984:261 [ref. 29757], Nakamura in Masuda et al. 1984:227 [ref. 6441], Machida in Okamura et al. 1985:539, 703 [ref. 8056], Nakamura 1986:828 [ref. 5696], Gon 1987:102 [ref. 21380], Nakamura & Parin 1993:56 [ref. 21769], Baranes & Golani 1993:311 [ref. 22372], Goren & Dor 1994:69 [ref. 25356], Chen et al. 1997:158 [ref. 26476] dated 1829, Fricke 1999:559 [ref. 24106], Randall & Lim in Randall & Lim 2000:643 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:1340 [ref. 25182], Hutchins 2001:45 [ref. 25847], Nakamura & Parin 2001:3708 [ref. 26304], Shinohara et al. 2001:332 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:1340 [ref. 26193], Myers & Donaldson 2003:648 [ref. 27495] as Thyrisitoides, Parin 2003:S26 [ref. 28536], Randall et al. 2004:31 [ref. 27624], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:411 [ref. 28072], Shinohara et al. 2005:439 [ref. 28370], Mundy 2005:502 [ref. 28379], Bray & Hoese 2006:1760 [ref. 29049], Fricke et al. 2009:111 [ref. 30213], Larson et al. 2013:215 [ref. 32988], Shinohara et al. 2014:272 [ref. 33330], Parin et al. 2014:509 [ref. 33547], Stewart 2015:1615 [ref. 34196], Koeda et al. 2016:106 [ref. 35333], Golani & Fricke 2018:169 [ref. 36273], Sonoyama et al. 2020:112 [ref. 37637], Gloerfelt-Tarp & Kailola 2022:265 [ref. 41223], Heemstra 2022:260 [ref. 40162]). Current status: Valid as Thyrsitoides marleyi Fowler 1929. Gempylidae. Distribution: Red Sea; Indo-West Pacific: Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), East Africa, Seychelles, Comoros, Madagascar, Saint Brandon's Shoals (Cargados Carajos) and western Mascarenes (La Réunion, Mauritius) east to Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.) and Vanuatu, north to central Japan, south to New South Wales (Australia), New Caledonia and New Zealand region. Habitat: marine.

micropus, Thyrsites McCoy [F.] 1873:338 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 4) v. 11 (no. 65 ) (art. 36); ref. 20816] Australia. Holotype: NMV 28841 (dry, on exhibit in 1997). •Synonym of Rexea solandri (Cuvier 1832) -- (Nakamura & Parin 1993:49 [ref. 21769], Bray & Hoese 2006:1758 [ref. 29049]). Current status: Synonym of Rexea solandri (Cuvier 1832). Gempylidae. Habitat: marine.

minetomai, Neoepinnula Nakayama [N.], Kimura [Y.] & Endo [H.] 2014:[3], Figs. 1-2 [Ichthyological Research v. 62 (no. 3); ref. 33564] Southeast of Kuchierabu-jima Island, Kagoshima, East China Sea, 30.4342°N, 130.2377°S, steep rocky bottom, depth ca. 380-420 meters, rod caught. Holotype: BSKU 112950. Paratypes: BSKU 112951 (1). •Valid as Neoepinnula minetomai Nakayama, Kimura & Endo 2014. Current status: Valid as Neoepinnula minetomai Nakayama, Kimura & Endo 2014. Gempylidae. Distribution: Japan. Habitat: marine.

multistriatus, Diplospinus Maul [G. E.] 1948:42, Fig. 17 [Boletim do Museu Municipal do Funchal No. 3 (art. 6); ref. 2916] Off Madeira (stomach content). Holotype: MMF 3063. Paratypes: BMNH 1953.10.28.1 (1); MMF 3064-69 (6). •Valid as Diplospinus multistriatus Maul 1948 -- (Parin & Bekker 1973:457 [ref. 7206], Nakamura in Okamura et al. 1982:261, 388 [ref. 8256], Eschmeyer & Herald 1983:267 [ref. 9277], Nakamura in Masuda et al. 1984:227 [ref. 6441], Parin in Whitehead et al. 1986:968 [ref. 13676], Nakamura 1986:826 [ref. 5696], Pequeño 1989:66 [ref. 14125], Parin 1990:965 [ref. 19382], Nakamura & Parin 1993:24 [ref. 21769], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:168 [ref. 25472], Nakamura in Fischer et al. 1995:1109 [ref. 22829], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:392 [ref. 24555], Nakabo 2000:1339 [ref. 25182], Hutchins 2001:45 [ref. 25847], Nakamura & Parin 2001:3705 [ref. 26304], Nakabo 2002:1339 [ref. 26193], Moore et al. 2003:229 [ref. 27076], Parin & Nakamura 2003:1816 [ref. 27115], Menezes & Figueiredo in Menezes et al. 2003:101 [ref. 27192], Roa-Varón et al. 2003:18 [ref. 27814], Randall et al. 2004:31 [ref. 27624], Nelson et al. 2004:175 [ref. 27807], Savinykh et al. 2004:658 [ref. 27937], Love et al. 2005:165 [ref. 37547], Mundy 2005:499 [ref. 28379], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:755 [ref. 28815], Bray & Hoese 2006:1754 [ref. 29049], Page et al. 2013:180 [ref. 32708], Parin et al. 2014:508 [ref. 33547], Parin & Nakamura in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2877 [ref. 34618], Kells et al. 2016:351 [ref. 35888], Carneiro et al. 2019:162 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:258 [ref. 37832], Love et al. 2021:209 [ref. 39279], Fermon et al. 2022:215 [ref. 39448] possible, Heemstra 2022:255 [ref. 40162], Carvalho-Filho 2023:246 [ref. 40480], Page et al. 2023:112 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Diplospinus multistriatus Maul 1948. Gempylidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical through warm temperate seas (including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea). Habitat: marine.

nakamurai, Rexea Parin [N. V.] 1989:14 [100], Figa. 1(3), 4 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 29 (no. 1); ref. 12753] Kyushu-Palau Ridge, 26°11'N, 135°48'E, northwestern Pacific. Holotype: HUMZ 77828 (not present in 1997). Paratypes: BPBM 23968 (6); ZIN 48511 (1). On p. 100 of English translation. •Valid as Rexea nakamurai Parin 1989 -- (Nakamura & Parin 1993:47 [ref. 21769], Nakabo 2000:1341 [ref. 25182], Nakabo 2002:1341 [ref. 26193], Mundy 2005:501 [ref. 28379], Randall 2007:444 [ref. 30952], Ogino & Matsunuma 2018:27 [ref. 36250], Heemstra 2022:259 [ref. 40162]). Current status: Valid as Rexea nakamurai Parin 1989. Gempylidae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Seychelles east to Hawaiian Islands, north to southern Japan. Habitat: marine.

nasutus, Nesiarchus Johnson [J. Y.] 1862:173, Pl. 22 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1862 (pt 2) (art. 2) (for 10 June 1862); ref. 2357] Madeira. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1862.6.14.13. •Valid as Nesiarchus nasutus Johnson 1862 -- (Parin & Bekker 1973:459 [ref. 7206], Fujii in Uyeno et al. 1983:411 [ref. 14275], Kido in Amaoka et al. 1983:133, 205 [ref. 8379], Nakamura in Masuda et al. 1984:227 [ref. 6441], Parin in Whitehead et al. 1986:971 [ref. 13676], Pequeño 1989:67 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:228 [ref. 24556], McAllister 1990:177 [ref. 14674], Parin 1990:968 [ref. 19382], Nakamura & Parin 1993:35 [ref. 21769], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:169 [ref. 25472], Santos et al. 1997:105 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:98 [ref. 24952], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:327 [ref. 25013], Randall & Lim in Randall & Lim 2000:643 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:1339 [ref. 25182], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:168 [ref. 27754], Nakamura & Parin 2001:3706 [ref. 26304], Nakabo 2002:1339 [ref. 26193], Moore et al. 2003:230 [ref. 27076], Parin & Nakamura 2003:1822 [ref. 27115], Myers & Donaldson 2003:648 [ref. 27495] dated 1861, Menezes & Figueiredo in Menezes et al. 2003:101 [ref. 27192], Randall et al. 2004:31 [ref. 27624], Nelson et al. 2004:175 [ref. 27807], Savinykh et al. 2004:658 [ref. 27937], Mundy 2005:500 [ref. 28379], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:761 [ref. 28815], Bray & Hoese 2006:1756 [ref. 29049], Page et al. 2013:181 [ref. 32708], Parin et al. 2014:509 [ref. 33547], Duffy & Ahyong 2015:118 [ref. 36167], Stewart 2015:1609 [ref. 34196], Bañón et al. 2016:323 [ref. 34397], Parin & Nakamura in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2881 [ref. 34618], Carneiro et al. 2019:163 [ref. 37250], Reiner 2019:273 [ref. 38139], Kawai et al. 2020:49 [ref. 37785], Klautau et al. 2020:9 [ref. 37903], Psomadakis et al. 2020:566 [ref. 37272], Sutton et al. 2020:261 [ref. 37832], Bañón & Maño 2021:93 [ref. 38887], Eduardo et al. 2022:10 [ref. 39574], Fermon et al. 2022:216 [ref. 39448] possible, Heemstra 2022:257 [ref. 40162], Robertson et al. 2022:86 [ref. 39353], Carvalho-Filho 2023:246 [ref. 40480], Page et al. 2023:113 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Nesiarchus nasutus Johnson 1862. Gempylidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical through temperate seas (including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea), but not northeastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

niger, Thyrsites Poey [F.] 1875:148 [74], Pl. 7 [3] (figs. 20-21) [Anales de la Sociedad Española de Historia Natural, Madrid v. 4 (for 13 Jan. 1875); ref. 3509] Cuba. No types known. On p. 74 of separate. •Questionably a synonym of Lepidocybium flavobrunneum (Smith 1843) -- (Parin & Bekker 1973:458 [ref. 7206], Parin 1990:967 [ref. 19382]). Current status: Uncertain as Lepidocybium flavobrunneum (Smith 1843). Gempylidae. Habitat: marine.

notha, Acinacea Bory de Saint-Vincent [J. B. G. M.] 1804:93, Pl. 4 (fig. 2) [Voyages dans les quatre principales îles des mers d'Afrique, fait par ordre du gouvernement, pendant les années neuf et dix de la République (1801 et 1802)...; ref. 6460] Open sea off Africa. No types known. Name and description appeared in a footnote on pp. 93-95 and in a list on p. 373 (plate not seen). Not available, on Official Index (Opinion 487). •In the synonymy of Gempylus serpens Cuvier 1829 -- (Parin & Bekker 1973:457 [ref. 7206], Parin 1990:966 [ref. 19382], Nakamura & Parin 1993:27 [ref. 21769], Nakamura in Fischer et al. 1995:1110 [ref. 22829]). Suppressed. Current status: Synonym of Gempylus serpens Cuvier 1829. Gempylidae.

ophidianus, Gempylus Poey [F.] 1860:246, Pl. 18 (fig. 1) [Memorias sobre la historia natural de la Isla de Cuba v. 2; ref. 3499] Cuba. Holotype (unique): MCZ 8586. Type catalog: Howell Rivero 1938:185 [ref. 22926]. •Synonym of Gempylus serpens Cuvier 1829 -- (Parin & Bekker 1973:457 [ref. 7206], Parin 1990:966 [ref. 19382], Nakamura & Parin 1993:27 [ref. 21769]). Current status: Synonym of Gempylus serpens Cuvier 1829. Gempylidae. Habitat: marine.

orientalis, Epinnula Gilchrist [J. D. F.] & von Bonde [C.] 1924:15, Pl. 4 (fig. 1) [Report Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey, Union of South Africa v. 3 (no. 7) (1922); ref. 1649] South Africa, Pickle stations 291 and 292, depths 157 and 275 fathoms. Syntypes: (2, not found). •Valid as Epinnula orientalis Gilchrist & von Bonde 1924 -- (Robins & Ray 1986:257 [ref. 23100], Boschung 1992:167 [ref. 23239]). •Valid as Neoepinnula orientalis (Gilchrist & von Bonde 1924) -- (Nakamura in Masuda et al. 1984:226 [ref. 6441], Machida in Okamura et al. 1985:537, 702 [ref. 8056], Nakamura 1986:827 [ref. 5696], Cervigón 1992:323 [ref. 23827], Nakamura & Parin 1993:34 [ref. 21769], Cervigón 1994:223 [ref. 24488], Nakabo 2000:1340 [ref. 25182], Hutchins 2001:45 [ref. 25847], Nakamura & Parin 2001:3706 [ref. 26304], Shinohara et al. 2001:332 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:1340 [ref. 26193], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S120 [ref. 27377], Myers & Donaldson 2003:648 [ref. 27495], Shinohara et al. 2005:439 [ref. 28370], Bray & Hoese 2006:1755 [ref. 29049], Jawad et al. 2013:4 [ref. 32489], Larson et al. 2013:215 [ref. 32988], Nakayama et al. 2014:[5] [ref. 33564], Psomadakis et al. 2015:311 [ref. 34104], Fricke et al. 2018:360 [ref. 35805], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 18 [ref. 38321], Kawai et al. 2020:50 [ref. 37785], Psomadakis et al. 2020:566 [ref. 37272], Gloerfelt-Tarp & Kailola 2022:265 [ref. 41223], Heemstra 2022:256 [ref. 40162]). Current status: Valid as Neoepinnula orientalis (Gilchrist & von Bonde 1924). Gempylidae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Western Cape, Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), Saya de Malha Bank and Madagascar east to Philippines, north to southern Japan, south to northern Australia. Habitat: marine.

pacifica, Epinnula Ho [H.-C.], Motomura [H.], Hata [H.] & Chiang [W.-C.] 2017:401, Figs. 1C-D, 2B-C, 3, 4A-D [Zootaxa 4363 (no. 3); ref. 35701] Off Taira Island, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. Holotype: KAUM-I.72269. Paratypes: BPBM, FRIP, KAUM, NMMB, NSMT. Not available, preoccupied by Epinnula orientalis pacifica Grey 1953. Replaced by Epinnula rex Ho, Motomura, Hata & Chiang 2022. •Valid as Epinnula pacifica Ho, Motomura, Hata & Jiang 2017 -- (Misawa et al. 2020:276 [ref. 38138]). •Synonym of Epinnula rex Ho, Motomura, Hata & Chiang 2022. 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Epinnula rex Ho, Motomura, Hata & Chiang 2022. Gempylidae. Habitat: marine.

pacifica, Epinnula orientalis Grey [M.] 1953:138 [Copeia 1953 (no. 3); ref. 12695] Off Owase, Kumano-Nada, Japan, depth about 100 fathoms. Holotype: FMNH 59528. Paratypes: FMNH 59529 (1). Type catalog: Ibarra & Stewart 1987:35 [ref. 12367]. •Synonym of Neoepinnula orientalis (Gilchrist & von Bonde 1924) -- (Nakamura & Parin 1993:34 [ref. 21769]). Current status: Synonym of Neoepinnula orientalis (Gilchrist & von Bonde 1924). Gempylidae. Habitat: marine.

pacificus, Promethichthys Seale [A.] 1906:28, Fig. 9 [Occasional Papers of the Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum of Polynesian Ethnology and Natural History v. 4 (no. 1); ref. 3999] Tahiti, Society Islands. Holotype (unique): BPBM 1358. •Synonym of Promethichthys prometheus (Cuvier 1832) -- (Parin & Bekker 1973:459 [ref. 7206], Parin 1990:970 [ref. 19382], Nakamura & Parin 1993:40 [ref. 21769]). Current status: Synonym of Promethichthys prometheus (Cuvier 1832). Gempylidae. Habitat: marine.

pacificus, Ruvettus Jordan [D. S.] & Jordan [E. K.] 1922:34 [Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum v. 10 (no. 1); ref. 2487] Honolulu, Oahu Island, Hawaiian Islands. Holotype (unique): USNM 04314. •Synonym of Ruvettus pretiosus Cocco 1833 -- (Parin & Bekker 1973:460 [ref. 7206], Parin 1990:971 [ref. 19382], Nakamura & Parin 1993:52 [ref. 21769]). Current status: Synonym of Ruvettus pretiosus Cocco 1833. Gempylidae. Habitat: marine.

paradoxus, Prometheus de Brito Capello [F.] 1867:264, Pl. 4 (fig. 5) [Jornal do Sciências Mathemáticas, Physicas e Naturaes, Lisboa v. 1 (no. 3); ref. 14042] Portugal. Holotype (unique): lost. •Synonym of Nesiarchus nasutus Johnson 1862 -- (Parin & Bekker 1973:459 [ref. 7206], Parin 1990:968 [ref. 19382], Nakamura & Parin 1993:35 [ref. 21769]). Current status: Synonym of Nesiarchus nasutus Johnson 1862. Gempylidae. Habitat: marine.

parvipinnis, Dicrotus Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.] 1896:201, Pl. 57 (fig. 212) [Special Bulletin U. S. National Museum No. 2; ref. 1848] Gulf Stream, 34°39'15"N, 75°33'30"W. Holotype: USNM 39345. Paratypes: (2) USNM 44610 (1), 44611 (1). •Questionably a synonym of Promethichthys prometheus (Cuvier 1832) -- (Parin & Bekker 1973:459 [ref. 7206], Parin 1990:970 [ref. 19382], Nakamura & Parin 1993:40 [ref. 21769]). Current status: Uncertain as Promethichthys prometheus (Cuvier 1832). Gempylidae. Habitat: marine.

pelagicus, Cyprinus Osbeck [P.] 1765:400 [Reise nach Ostindien und China; ref. 3311] Sargasso Sea, western Atlantic, northeast of Puerto Rico, at 22°N. No types known. Family may be incorrect. Gempylidae.

pretiosus, Ruvettus Cocco [A.] 1833:18 [L'Osservatore Peloritano, Messina v. 8; ref. 861] Strait of Messina, Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. A date of 1829 appears in the literature but is apparently incorrect. Appeared without scientific name or description in Cocco 1833:21 [ref. 859]. Above reference 861 not seen; if it does not date to ref. 861 then the species dates to 1834:33 [ref. 18013]. •Valid as Ruvettus pretiosus Cocco 1833 -- (Parin & Bekker 1973:460 [ref. 7206], Nakamura in Okamura et al. 1982:263, 388 [ref. 8256], Eschmeyer & Herald 1983:269 [ref. 9277], Kido in Amaoka et al. 1983:131, 205 [ref. 8379], Fujii in Uyeno et al. 1983:413 [ref. 14275], Nakamura in Masuda et al. 1984:227 [ref. 6441], Machida in Okamura et al. 1985:535, 701 [ref. 8056], Parin in Whitehead et al. 1986:972 [ref. 13676], Nakamura 1986:828 [ref. 5696], Robins & Ray 1986:258 [ref. 23100], Scott & Scott 1988:444 [ref. 25518], Pequeño 1989:67 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:227 [ref. 24556], McAllister 1990:178 [ref. 14674], Parin 1990:970 [ref. 19382], Boschung 1992:167 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:323 [ref. 23827], Nakamura & Parin 1993:52 [ref. 21769], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:170 [ref. 25472], Cervigón 1994:226 [ref. 24488], Gomon et al. 1994:815 [ref. 22532], Nakamura in Fischer et al. 1995:1113 [ref. 22829], Shinohara et al. 1996:183 [ref. 26605], Suzuki & Hosokawa 1997:2 [ref. 24370], Santos et al. 1997:105 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:98 [ref. 24952], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:392 [ref. 24555], Uiblein et al. 1999:65 [ref. 24045], Fricke 1999:558 [ref. 24106], Bettoso & Dulĉić 1999:1145 [ref. 24294], Pakhorukov 1999:658 [ref. 24883], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:327 [ref. 25013], Randall & Lim in Randall & Lim 2000:643 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:1338 [ref. 25182], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:494 [ref. 25191], Hutchins 2001:45 [ref. 25847], Pakhorukov & Boltachev 2001:793 [ref. 25932], Nakamura & Parin 2001:3708 [ref. 26304] dated 1829, Shinohara et al. 2001:332 [ref. 25995], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:139 [ref. 26753], Collette in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:507 [ref. 26158], Nakabo 2002:1338 [ref. 26193], Moore et al. 2003:230 [ref. 27076], Parin & Nakamura 2003:1824 [ref. 27115], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S121 [ref. 27377], Myers & Donaldson 2003:648 [ref. 27495] dated 1829, Menezes & Figueiredo in Menezes et al. 2003:101 [ref. 27192], Parin 2003:S26 [ref. 28536], Heemstra et al. 2004:3331 [ref. 27945], Nelson et al. 2004:175 [ref. 27807], Randall et al. 2004:31 [ref. 27624] dating to 1829, Love et al. 2005:165 [ref. 37547], Golani 2005:59 [ref. 37112], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:763 [ref. 28815], Mundy 2005:501 [ref. 28379], Shinohara et al. 2005:439 [ref. 28370], Vaske et al. 2005:77 [ref. 36155], Trunov 2006:476 [ref. 28786], Bray & Hoese 2006:1759 [ref. 29049], Fricke et al. 2007:109 [ref. 29533], Randall 2007:444 [ref. 30952], Gomon 2008:778 [ref. 30616], Fricke et al. 2009:111 [ref. 30213], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:68 [ref. 36649], Shinohara et al. 2011:54 [ref. 31715], Page et al. 2013:181 [ref. 32708], Shinohara et al. 2014:272 [ref. 33330], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:82 [ref. 33341], Wirtz et al. 2014:10 [ref. 33516], Parin et al. 2014:509 [ref. 33547], Duffy & Ahyong 2015:118 [ref. 36167], Stewart 2015:1613 [ref. 34196], Bañón et al. 2016:324 [ref. 34397], Kells et al. 2016:312 [ref. 35888], Nión et al. 2016:52 [ref. 35565], Parin & Nakamura in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2884 [ref. 34618], Fricke et al. 2018:361 [ref. 35805], Brown et al. 2019:172 [ref. 36444], Burton & Lea 2019:91 [ref. 37205], Carneiro et al. 2019:163 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:100 [ref. 36864], Iglésias et al. 2019:282 [ref. 37098], Miyazaki et al. 2019:123 [ref. 37957], Reiner 2019:274 [ref. 38139], Bariche & Fricke 2020:68 [ref. 37515], Klautau et al. 2020:9 [ref. 37903], Kovačić et al. 2020:21 [ref. 37519], Psomadakis et al. 2020:567 [ref. 37272], Sutton et al. 2020:259 [ref. 37832], Golani 2021:82 [ref. 38303], Nakamura et al. 2020:19 [ref. 38484], Bañón & Maño 2021:93 [ref. 38887], Ben Amor et al. 2021:213 [ref. 38977], Koeda et al. 2021:6 [ref. 38857], Kovačić et al. 2021:34 [ref. 39014], Love et al. 2021:210 [ref. 39279], Fermon et al. 2022:216 [ref. 39448], Grove et al. 2022:18 [ref. 41326], Heemstra 2022:259 [ref. 40162], Carvalho-Filho 2023:246 [ref. 40480], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2023:93 [ref. 40389], Page et al. 2023:113 [ref. 40505], Siccha-Ramirez et al. 2023:258 [ref. 40816]). Current status: Valid as Ruvettus pretiosus Cocco 1833. Gempylidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and temperate seas (including Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea, Mediterranean Sea). Habitat: marine.

prometheoides, Thyrsites Bleeker [P.] 1856:42 [Acta Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Indo-Neêrlandicae v. 1; ref. 311] Ambon Island, Molucca Islands, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): RMNH 6033. Original as prometheoïdes. For information on holotype see Boeseman 1962:215 [ref. 20676]. •Synonym of Rexea solandri (Cuvier 1832) -- (Lindberg & Krasyukova 1975:249 [ref. 7348]). •Valid as Rexea prometheoides (Bleeker 1856) -- (Nakamura in Okamura et al. 1982:263, 389 [ref. 8256], Kyushin et al. 1982:243 [ref. 19754], Nakamura in Masuda et al. 1984:226 [ref. 6441], Machida in Okamura et al. 1985:535, 701 [ref. 8056], Nakamura 1986:827 [ref. 5696], Pequeño 1989:67 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:228 [ref. 24556], Nakamura & Parin 1993:48 [ref. 21769], Roberts & Stewart 1997:138 [ref. 23233], Randall & Lim in Randall & Lim 2000:643 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:1341 [ref. 25182], Hutchins 2001:45 [ref. 25847], Nakamura & Parin 2001:3704 [ref. 26304], Shinohara et al. 2001:332 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:1341 [ref. 26193], Choi et al. 2003:416, 671 [ref. 26218], Bray & Hoese 2006:1758 [ref. 29049], Fricke et al. 2009:111 [ref. 30213], Shinohara et al. 2011:54 [ref. 31715], Larson et al. 2013:215 [ref. 32988], Shinohara et al. 2014:272 [ref. 33330], Fricke et al. 2018:360 [ref. 35805], Kim et al. 2020:179 [ref. 39118], Misawa et al. 2020:277 [ref. 38138], Sonoyama et al. 2020:112 [ref. 37637], Gloerfelt-Tarp & Kailola 2022:265 [ref. 41223], Heemstra 2022:259 [ref. 40162]). Current status: Valid as Rexea prometheoides (Bleeker 1856). Gempylidae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Seychelles, Saya de Malha Bank, Madagascar and western Mascarenes (La Réunion, Mauritius) east to Fiji and Tuvalu, north to Korea and central Japan, south to northern Australia. Habitat: marine.

prometheus, Gempylus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1832:213, Pl. 222 [Histoire naturelle des poissons; ref. 1000] Saint Helena Island, South Atlantic. Holotype (unique): MNHN A-5366. •Valid as Promethichthys prometheus (Cuvier 1832) -- (Parin & Bekker 1973:459 [ref. 7206], Lindberg & Krasyukova 1975:251 [ref. 7348], Nakamura in Okamura et al. 1982:265, 389 [ref. 8256], Fujii in Uyeno et al. 1983:409 [ref. 14275], Nakamura in Masuda et al. 1984:227 [ref. 6441], Machida in Okamura et al. 1985:539, 703 [ref. 8056], Parin in Whitehead et al. 1986:971 [ref. 13676], Pequeño 1989:67 [ref. 14125], Parin 1990:969 [ref. 19382], Cervigón 1992:323 [ref. 23827], Manilo 1992:24 [133] [ref. 39140], Nakamura & Parin 1993:40 [ref. 21769], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:169 [ref. 25472], Cervigón 1994:224 [ref. 24488], Shinohara et al. 1996:183 [ref. 26605], Roberts & Stewart 1997:138 [ref. 23233], Santos et al. 1997:105 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:98 [ref. 24952], Adam et al. 1998:13 [ref. 23610], Fricke 1999:558 [ref. 24106] as Prometichthys, Pakhorukov 1999:658 [ref. 24883], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:327 [ref. 25013], Allen 2000:94 [ref. 37268], Nakabo 2000:1339 [ref. 25182], Randall & Earle 2000:20 [ref. 25806], Nakamura & Parin 2001:3706 [ref. 26304], Shinohara et al. 2001:332 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:1339 [ref. 26193], Moore et al. 2003:230 [ref. 27076], Parin & Nakamura 2003:1823 [ref. 27115], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S120 [ref. 27377], Myers & Donaldson 2003:648 [ref. 27495] as Prometheichthys, Menezes & Figueiredo in Menezes et al. 2003:101 [ref. 27192], Randall et al. 2004:31 [ref. 27624], Shinohara et al. 2005:439 [ref. 28370], Mundy 2005:501 [ref. 28379], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:762 [ref. 28815], Bray & Hoese 2006:1756 [ref. 29049], Randall 2007:443 [ref. 30952], Fricke et al. 2009:110 [ref. 30213], Shinohara et al. 2014:272 [ref. 33330], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:82 [ref. 33341], Wirtz et al. 2014:10 [ref. 33516], Delrieu-Trottin et al. 2015:8 [ref. 33988], Lins Oliveira et al. 2015:175 [ref. 37485], Parin & Nakamura in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2883 [ref. 34618], Vieira et al. 2016:[8] [ref. 34869], Motomura et al. 2017:209 [ref. 35490], Fricke et al. 2018:360 [ref. 35805], Brown et al. 2019:172 [ref. 36444], Carneiro et al. 2019:163 [ref. 37250], Fricke et al. 2019:310 [ref. 36673], Reiner 2019:274 [ref. 38139], Guabiroba et al. 2020:703 [ref. 37571], Klautau et al. 2020:9 [ref. 37903], Sutton et al. 2020:260 [ref. 37832], Kim et al. 2021:212 [ref. 39117], Eduardo et al. 2022:10 [ref. 39574], Fermon et al. 2022:216 [ref. 39448], Gloerfelt-Tarp & Kailola 2022:265 [ref. 41223], Heemstra 2022:258 [ref. 40162], Carvalho-Filho 2023:246 [ref. 40480], Page et al. 2023:113 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Promethichthys prometheus (Cuvier 1832). Gempylidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm temperate seas (including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea). Habitat: marine.

raptoria, Jordanidia Snyder [J. O.] 1911:527 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 40 (no. 1836); ref. 4152] Kagoshima market, Japan. Holotype: USNM 68228. Paratypes: CAS-SU 21419 (3), ?USNM 74601 (4). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:104 [ref. 12291]. •Synonym of Rexea solandri (Cuvier 1832) -- (Lindberg & Krasyukova 1975:249 [ref. 7348]). •Synonym of Rexea prometheoides (Bleeker 1856) -- (Nakamura & Parin 1993:48 [ref. 21769]). Current status: Synonym of Rexea prometheoides (Bleeker 1856). Gempylidae. Habitat: marine.

retigramma, Lepidosarda Kishinouye [K.] 1926:378, Fig. 1 [Journal of the College of Agriculture, Imperial University Tokyo v. 7 (no. 4); ref. 2610] Off the east coast of Chiba-ken, Japan. No types known. •Synonym of Lepidocybium flavobrunneum (Smith 1843) -- (Parin & Bekker 1973:458 [ref. 7206], Parin 1990:967 [ref. 19382], Nakamura & Parin 1993:29 [ref. 21769], Ali et al. 2021:191 [ref. 38674]). Current status: Synonym of Lepidocybium flavobrunneum (Smith 1843). Gempylidae. Habitat: marine.

rex, Epinnula Ho [H.-C.], Motomura [H.], Hata [H.] & Chiang [W.-C.] 2022:199 [Zootaxa 5141 (no. 2); ref. 39292] Off Taira Island, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. Holotype: KAUM-I.72269. Paratypes: BPBM, FRIP, KAUM, NMMB, NSMT. Replacement name for Epinnula pacifica Ho, Motomura, Hata & Chiang 2017, which is preoccupied by Epinnula orientalis pacifica Grey 1953. •Valid as Epinnula rex Ho, Motomura, Hata & Chiang 2022. Replacement Name. Current status: Valid as Epinnula rex Ho, Motomura, Hata & Chiang 2022. Gempylidae. Distribution: Western and central Pacific: Taiwan north to Japan; Hawaiian Islands; New Zealand. Habitat: marine.

robustus, Tongaichthys Nakamura [I.] & Fujii [E.] 1983:174, Figs. 2-12 [Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory v. 27 (no. 4/6) (art. 10); ref. 5409] Tonga Ridge, southern Pacific, 22°10.8'S, 175°23.6'W, depth 312-288 meters. Holotype: NSMT-P 19758. Paratypes: ?AMS I.22523-001 and 002 (1, 1); FAKU S2311-12 (1, 1), ?S2314 (1), 2318-19 (1, 1), ?52317 (1), ?52320-22 (3); USNM 227336 (2); ZUMT 54254-56 (3). •Valid as Tongaichthys robustus Nakamura & Fujii 1983 -- (Nakamura & Parin 1993:59 [ref. 21769], Nakamura & Parin 2001:3708 [ref. 26304], Randall et al. 2004:31 [ref. 27624], Bray & Hoese 2006:1760 [ref. 29049]). Current status: Valid as Tongaichthys robustus Nakamura & Fujii 1983. Gempylidae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

scholaris, Thyrsites Poey [F.] 1854:372, Pl. 32 (figs. 1-2) [Memorias sobre la historia natural de la Isla de Cuba v. 1; ref. 3497] Cuba. No types known. •Synonym of Ruvettus pretiosus Cocco 1833 -- (Parin & Bekker 1973:460 [ref. 7206], Parin 1990:970 [ref. 19382], Nakamura & Parin 1993:52 [ref. 21769]). Current status: Synonym of Ruvettus pretiosus Cocco 1833. Gempylidae. Habitat: marine.

serpens, Gempylus Cuvier [G.] 1829:200 [Le Règne Animal (Edition 2) v. 2; ref. 995] Jamaica, western Atlantic. Holotype (unique): MNHN A-0808 (dry). Available from footnote as, "Gympylus serpens, N., ou Serpens marinus compressus lividus, Sloane, I, i, f. 2.". •Valid as Gempylus serpens Cuvier 1829 -- (Parin & Bekker 1973:457 [ref. 7206], Ameer Hamsa & Arumugan 1982:256 [ref. 41117], Eschmeyer & Herald 1983:268 [ref. 9277], Fujii in Uyeno et al. 1983:412 [ref. 14275], Nakamura in Masuda et al. 1984:227 [ref. 6441], Jones et al. 1985:116 [ref. 11577], Parin in Whitehead et al. 1986:969 [ref. 13676], Nakamura 1986:826 [ref. 5696], Robins & Ray 1986:257 [ref. 23100], Pequeño 1989:66 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:228 [ref. 24556], Parin 1990:966 [ref. 19382], Cervigón 1992:322 [ref. 23827], Nakamura & Parin 1993:27 [ref. 21769], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:168 [ref. 25472], Cervigón 1994:221 [ref. 24488], Nakamura in Fischer et al. 1995:1110 [ref. 22829], Santos et al. 1997:105 [ref. 23531], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:142 [ref. 24545], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:574 [ref. 24023], Arruda 1997:98 [ref. 24952], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:393 [ref. 24555], Fricke 1999:557 [ref. 24106], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:326 [ref. 25013], Randall & Lim in Randall & Lim 2000:643 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:1339 [ref. 25182], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:168 [ref. 27754], Hutchins 2001:45 [ref. 25847], Nakamura & Parin 2001:3705 [ref. 26304], Shinohara et al. 2001:331 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:1339 [ref. 26193], Parenti 2002:267 [ref. 26474], Moore et al. 2003:229 [ref. 27076], Parin & Nakamura 2003:1818 [ref. 27115], Myers & Donaldson 2003:648 [ref. 27495], Menezes & Figueiredo in Menezes et al. 2003:101 [ref. 27192], Randall et al. 2004:31 [ref. 27624], Nelson et al. 2004:175 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:165 [ref. 37547], Mundy 2005:500 [ref. 28379], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:757 [ref. 28815], Vaske et al. 2005:77 [ref. 36155], Bray & Hoese 2006:1754 [ref. 29049], Fricke et al. 2009:110 [ref. 30213], McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:194 [ref. 30957], Page et al. 2013:181 [ref. 32708], Larson et al. 2013:215 [ref. 32988], Shinohara et al. 2014:271 [ref. 33330], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:82 [ref. 33341], Duffy & Ahyong 2015:118 [ref. 36167], Pinheiro et al. 2015:32 [ref. 34324], Stewart 2015:1606 [ref. 34196], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:611 [ref. 34923], Fourriére et al. 2016:458 [ref. 34668], Kells et al. 2016:312 [ref. 35888], Nión et al. 2016:52 [ref. 35565], Parin & Nakamura in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2878 [ref. 34618], Motomura et al. 2017:209 [ref. 35490], Fricke et al. 2018:360 [ref. 35805], Carneiro et al. 2019:162 [ref. 37250], Reiner 2019:272 [ref. 38139], Kim et al. 2020:179 [ref. 39118], Klautau et al. 2020:8 [ref. 37903], Sutton et al. 2020:260 [ref. 37832], Love et al. 2021:209 [ref. 39279], Eduardo et al. 2022:10 [ref. 39574], Fermon et al. 2022:215 [ref. 39448], Gloerfelt-Tarp & Kailola 2022:265 [ref. 41223], Grove et al. 2022:18 [ref. 41326], Heemstra 2022:255 [ref. 40162], Carvalho-Filho 2023:246 [ref. 40480], Page et al. 2023:113 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Gempylus serpens Cuvier 1829. Gempylidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical in warm temperate seas (including Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea, southern Sea of Japan, Gulf of California/Mexico). Habitat: marine.

serpens, Scomber Solander [D. C.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1832:207 [Histoire naturelle des poissons; ref. 1000] Not available, name mentioned in passing under Gempylus serpens; from Near Canary Is., e. Atlantic. Nomen Nudum. Gempylidae.

simplex, Tetragonurus Lowe [R. T.] 1834:143 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1833 (pt 1) (for 24 Dec.); ref. 2826] Off Madeira. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Ruvettus pretiosus Cocco 1833 -- (Parin & Bekker 1973:460 [ref. 7206], Parin 1990:970 [ref. 19382], Nakamura & Parin 1993:52 [ref. 21769]). Current status: Synonym of Ruvettus pretiosus Cocco 1833. Gempylidae. Habitat: marine.

solandri, Gempylus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1832:215 [Histoire naturelle des poissons; ref. 1000] Bay of Islands, New Zealand. No types known. •Valid as Rexea solandri (Cuvier 1832) -- (Lindberg & Krasyukova 1975:249 [ref. 7348], Nakamura in Okamura et al. 1982:263, 389 [ref. 8256], Kyushin et al. 1982:243 [ref. 19754], Pequeño 1989:67 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:228 [ref. 24556], Nakamura in Amaoka et al. 1990:304 [ref. 16024], Nakamura & Parin 1993:49 [ref. 21769], Gomon et al. 1994:814 [ref. 22532], Hutchins 2001:45 [ref. 25847], Nakamura & Parin 2001:3707 [ref. 26304], Bray & Hoese 2006:1758 [ref. 29049], Gomon 2008:777 [ref. 30616], Stewart 2015:1612 [ref. 34196]). Current status: Valid as Rexea solandri (Cuvier 1832). Gempylidae. Distribution: Western Pacific. Habitat: marine.

solandri, Promethichthys Jordan [D. S.], Evermann [B. W.] & Tanaka [S.] 1927:653 [Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (Series 4) v. 16 (no. 20); ref. 2454] Not an original description but treated as such by authors. •In the synonymy of Promethichthys prometheus (Cuvier 1832) -- (Parin & Bekker 1973:459 [ref. 7206], Parin 1990:969 [ref. 19382]). Current status: Synonym of Promethichthys prometheus (Cuvier 1832). Gempylidae.

splendens, Scomber Richardson [J.] (ex Solander) 1843:23 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (New Series) v. 11 (nos 67-8, 71-2); ref. 13395] Not available, name mentioned in synonymy of Chorinemus forsteri; from Australia. •In the synonymy of Thyrsites atun (Euphrasen 1791) -- (Parin 1990:971 [ref. 19382], Nakamura & Parin 1993:54 [ref. 21769]). •In the synonymy of Leionura atun (Euphrasen 1791). Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Leionura atun (Euphrasen 1791). Gempylidae.

taeniosoma, Mimasea Kamohara [T.] 1936:930 [English p. 929], Fig. 1 [Dobutsugaku Zasshi = Zoological Magazine Tokyo v. 48 (no. 11); ref. 2550] Mimase, Kochi Prefecture, Japan. Kamohara "neotype": BSKU 3581 Type catalog: Kamohara 1961:3 [ref. 19282], but neotype designation was not made in a revisory work and is invalid. "Neotype" designation: Kamohara 1961:3 [ref. 19282], but neotype designation was not made in a revisory work and is invalid. •Synonym of Thyrsitoides marleyi Fowler 1929 -- (Gon 1987:102 [ref. 21380], Nakamura & Parin 1993:56 [ref. 21769]). Current status: Synonym of Thyrsitoides marleyi Fowler 1929. Gempylidae. Habitat: marine.

temminckii, Rovetus Cantraine [F. J.] 1833:176 [Nuovo Giornale de'letterati; Academia Italiana di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti. 26; ref. 19960] Messina, Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. Lectotype: RMNH D2378 (stuffed). Paralectotypes: RMNH D2335 (1, stuffed). Also appeared in Cantraine 1837:6 [ref. 716] as Rovetus Temminckii. Lectotype selected and figured by Boeseman 1962:216 [ref. 20676]. Name spelled Rovetus temminekii by Berthelot 1840:100 [ref. 30346]. •Synonym of Ruvettus pretiosus Cocco 1833 -- (Parin & Bekker 1973:460 [ref. 7206], Parin 1990:970 [ref. 19382], Nakamura & Parin 1993:52 [ref. 21769]). Current status: Synonym of Ruvettus pretiosus Cocco 1833. Gempylidae. Habitat: marine.

thompsoni, Nesogrammus Fowler [H. W.] 1923:376 [Occasional Papers of the Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum of Polynesian Ethnology and Natural History v. 8 (no. 7); ref. 1398] Honolulu market, Oahu Island, Hawaiian Islands. Holotype (unique): BPBM 3396. •Synonym of Lepidocybium flavobrunneum (Smith 1843) -- (Parin & Bekker 1973:458 [ref. 7206], Parin 1990:967 [ref. 19382], Nakamura in Fischer et al. 1995:1111 [ref. 22829], Mundy 2005:500 [ref. 28379], Ali et al. 2021:191 [ref. 38674]). Current status: Synonym of Lepidocybium flavobrunneum (Smith 1843). Gempylidae. Habitat: marine.

thyrsitoides, Lemnisoma Lesson [R. P.] 1831:160 [Voyage autour du monde Zool. v. 2 (pt 1); ref. 2776] South Sea, 17°S, 108°W. No types known. •Synonym of Gempylus serpens Cuvier 1829 -- (Parin & Bekker 1973:457 [ref. 7206], Parin 1990:966 [ref. 19382], Nakamura & Parin 1993:27 [ref. 21769], Mundy 2005:500 [ref. 28379]). Current status: Synonym of Gempylus serpens Cuvier 1829. Gempylidae. Habitat: marine.

tripes, Nealotus Johnson [J. Y.] 1865:434 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1865 (pt 2) (art. 5) (for 9 May 1865); ref. 2359] Madeira, eastern Atlantic. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1862.10.3.2. •Valid as Nealotus tripes Johnson 1865 -- (Parin & Bekker 1973:458 [ref. 7206], Fujii in Uyeno et al. 1983:410 [ref. 14275], Kido in Amaoka et al. 1983:133, 206 [ref. 8379], Nakamura in Masuda et al. 1984:226 [ref. 6441], Machida in Okamura et al. 1985:537, 702 [ref. 8056], Parin in Whitehead et al. 1986:970 [ref. 13676], Robins & Ray 1986:258 [ref. 23100], Scott & Scott 1988:444 [ref. 25518], Pequeño 1989:66 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:228 [ref. 24556] in Neolatus, McAllister 1990:177 [ref. 14674], Parin 1990:967 [ref. 19382], Cervigón 1992:324 [ref. 23827], Nakamura & Parin 1993:30 [ref. 21769], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:169 [ref. 25472], Suzuki & Hosokawa 1994:5 [ref. 24339], Cervigón 1994:221 [ref. 24488], Heemstra in Smith & Heemstra 1995:xiii [ref. 21953], Nakamura in Fischer et al. 1995:1112 [ref. 22829], Shinohara et al. 1996:183 [ref. 26605], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:575 [ref. 24023], Anderson et al. 1998:28 [ref. 23611], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:393 [ref. 24555], Parin & Shcherbachev 1998:420 [ref. 24907], Fricke 1999:557 [ref. 24106], Nakabo 2000:1339 [ref. 25182], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:39 [ref. 25650], Hutchins 2001:45 [ref. 25847], Nakamura & Parin 2001:3705 [ref. 26304], Shinohara et al. 2001:332 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:1339 [ref. 26193], Moore et al. 2003:229 [ref. 27076], Parin & Nakamura 2003:1820 [ref. 27115], Menezes & Figueiredo in Menezes et al. 2003:101 [ref. 27192], Parin 2003:S26 [ref. 28536], Randall et al. 2004:31 [ref. 27624], Nelson et al. 2004:175 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:165 [ref. 37547], Shinohara et al. 2005:439 [ref. 28370], Mundy 2005:500 [ref. 28379], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:759 [ref. 28815], Bray & Hoese 2006:1755 [ref. 29049], Shao et al. 2008:263 [ref. 29952], McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:194 [ref. 30957], Shinohara et al. 2011:54 [ref. 31715] as tripus, Page et al. 2013:181 [ref. 32708], Larson et al. 2013:215 [ref. 32988], Shinohara et al. 2014:271 [ref. 33330] as tripus, Parin et al. 2014:508 [ref. 33547], Stewart 2015:1608 [ref. 34196], Parin & Nakamura in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2880 [ref. 34618], Fourriére et al. 2016:459 [ref. 34668], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:611 [ref. 34923], Fricke et al. 2018:360 [ref. 35805], Almeida & Alves 2019:270 [ref. 37509], Carneiro et al. 2019:163 [ref. 37250], Fricke et al. 2019:309 [ref. 36673], Reiner 2019:273 [ref. 38139], Klautau et al. 2020:9 [ref. 37903], Sutton et al. 2020:260 [ref. 37832], Love et al. 2021:209 [ref. 39279], Fermon et al. 2022:216 [ref. 39448], Grove et al. 2022:18 [ref. 41326], Heemstra 2022:256 [ref. 40162], Carvalho-Filho 2023:246 [ref. 40480], Page et al. 2023:113 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Nealotus tripes Johnson 1865. Gempylidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm temperate seas (including Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea, southern Gulf of California/Mexico). Habitat: marine.

tydemani, Ruvettus Weber [M.] 1913:401, Pl. 8 (fig. 4) [Die Fische der Siboga-Expedition; ref. 4602] Malay Archipelago, Binongka Island, Siboga station 220, depth 250 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMA 109999. Type catalog: Nijssen et al. 1982:105 [ref. 19236]. •Synonym of Ruvettus pretiosus Cocco 1833 -- (Parin & Bekker 1973:460 [ref. 7206], Nakamura in Okamura et al. 1982:263, 388 [ref. 8256], Parin 1990:971 [ref. 19382], Nakamura & Parin 1993:52 [ref. 21769], Gomon et al. 1994:815 [ref. 22532], Nakamura in Fischer et al. 1995:1113 [ref. 22829]). Current status: Synonym of Ruvettus pretiosus Cocco 1833. Gempylidae. Habitat: marine.

violaceus, Thyrsitops Bean [T. H.] 1887:513 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 10 (no. 658); ref. 16048] Le Have Bank, off New England coast, U.S.A., depth 125 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 39287. •Synonym of Nesiarchus nasutus Johnson 1862 -- (Parin & Bekker 1973:459 [ref. 7206], Parin 1990:968 [ref. 19382], Nakamura & Parin 1993:35 [ref. 21769]). Current status: Synonym of Nesiarchus nasutus Johnson 1862. Gempylidae. Habitat: marine.

whakari, Ruvettus Griffin [L. T.] 1927:146, Pl. 15 (Fig. 7) [Transactions of the New Zealand Institute v. 58; ref. 15788] White Island, Bay of Plenty, New Zealand. Holotype: AIM. •Synonym of Ruvettus pretiosus Cocco 1833 -- (Parin 1990:971 [ref. 19382], Nakamura & Parin 1993:52 [ref. 21769], Nakamura in Fischer et al. 1995:1113 [ref. 22829]). Current status: Synonym of Ruvettus pretiosus Cocco 1833. Gempylidae. Habitat: marine.