Please look in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes for authorships of sections, Families of Fishes (all), and related information.

Species in the family or subfamily Gonostomatidae: [ 51 ] records

acanturus, Gasteropelecus Cocco [A.] 1829:145 [Giornale di Scienze Lettere e Arti per La Sicilia Anno 7, v. 26 (no. 77); ref. 857] Messina, Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Spelled acanthurus in Isis, v. 24, 1831:1342 [Cocco ref. 20711]. •Synonym of Gonostoma denudatum Rafinesque 1810. Current status: Synonym of Gonostoma denudatum Rafinesque 1810. Gonostomatidae. Habitat: marine.

acclinidens, Cyclothone Garman [S.] 1899:247, Pl. J (fig. 4) [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 24; ref. 1540] Various localities in tropical Atlantic and eastern Pacific, depth 0-2413 fathoms. Syntypes: MCZ 28515 (orig. 8, now 6), 35152 (5); USNM 120400 [ex MCZ 28515] (1). •Valid as Cyclothone acclinidens Garman 1899 -- (Witzell 1973:116 [ref. 7172], Badcock 1982:209 [ref. 8512], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:46 [ref. 6441], Badcock in Whitehead et al. 1984:289 [ref. 13675], Schaefer et al. 1986:248 [ref. 5709], Matarese et al. 1989:89 [ref. 26885], Paxton et al. 1989:184 [ref. 12442], Pequeño 1989:30 [ref. 14125], Gon 1990:117 [ref. 21680], Miya 1994:200 [ref. 22045], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:173 [ref. 24545], Santos et al. 1997:123 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:31 [ref. 24952], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:414 [ref. 23897], Nakabo 2000:310 [ref. 25086], Randall & Lim in Randall & Lim 2000:590 [ref. 25122], Hutchins 2001:18 [ref. 25847], Shinohara et al. 2001:296 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:310 [ref. 26001], Balanov & Kasatkina 2003:177 [ref. 26891], Harold 2003:884 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:182 [ref. 27076], Shinohara et al. 2005:404 [ref. 28370], Love et al. 2005:35 [ref. 37547], Mundy 2005:164 [ref. 28379], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:250 [ref. 28944], Paxton et al. 2006:419 [ref. 28995], Harold & Gomon 2008:225 [ref. 30629], Fricke et al. 2011:356 [ref. 31242], Harold 2016:1786 [ref. 34568], Fourriére et al. 2016:454 [ref. 34668], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:606 [ref. 34923], Kells et al. 2016:104 [ref. 35888], Fricke et al. 2018:65 [ref. 35805], Burton & Lea 2019:41 [ref. 37205], Carneiro et al. 2019:86 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:60 [ref. 37832], Love et al. 2021:54 [ref. 39279], Fermon et al. 2022:166 [ref. 39448], Grove et al. 2022:16 [ref. 41326], Page et al. 2023:84 [ref. 40505], Reading & Horton 2023:10 [ref. 41317], Fricke et al. 2024:205 [ref. 41622], Victor et al. 2024:75 [ref. 42021]). Current status: Valid as Cyclothone acclinidens Garman 1899. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in warm temperate seas. IUCN (2015): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.

alba, Cyclothone signata var. Brauer [A.] 1906:80, Fig. 30 [Die Tiefsee-Fische v. 15; ref. 632] Several localities. Syntypes: SMF 2108-12 (1, 12 10, 7, 2), 11941 (2); ZMB 17468-77 (5, 3, 2, 2, 5, 4, 2, 2, 5, 3), 22329-34 (8, 12, 2, 3, 3, 4); SNMBR I-10021 (2), I-10023 (1), I-10027 (1); SMNS 4486 (1), 4490 (2), 4492 (1); ZMB 17473-74 (4, 2); ZMH 8164-69 (8, 2, 7, 5, 3, 4). Type catalog: Fricke 1991:1023 [ref. 19904], Wilkens & Dohse 1993:411 [ref. 21161], Fricke 1995:15 [ref. 28100], Fricke 2005:41 [ref. 29864]. •Valid as Cyclothone alba Brauer 1906 -- (Witzell 1973:116 [ref. 7172], Badcock 1982:208 [ref. 8512], Badcock in Whitehead et al. 1984:289 [ref. 13675], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:46 [ref. 6441], Schaefer et al. 1986:249 [ref. 5709], Scott & Scott 1988:162 [ref. 25518], Paxton et al. 1989:184 [ref. 12442], Pequeño 1989:30 [ref. 14125], McAllister 1990:87 [ref. 14674], Quéro et al. 1990:284 [ref. 14659], Miya 1994:200 [ref. 22045], Gomon et al. 1994:247 [ref. 22532], Shinohara et al. 1994:57 [ref. 22800], Santos et al. 1997:29 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:31 [ref. 24952], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:415 [ref. 23897], Fricke 1999:87 [ref. 24106], Porteiro et al. 1999:28 [ref. 24203], Nakabo 2000:309 [ref. 25086], Randall & Lim in Randall & Lim 2000:590 [ref. 25122], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:21 [ref. 25650], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:214 [ref. 25968], Hutchins 2001:18 [ref. 25847], Nakabo 2002:309 [ref. 26001], Balanov & Kasatkina 2003:177 [ref. 26891], Figueiredo et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:44 [ref. 27192] with genus as Cyclotone, Harold 2003:884 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:182 [ref. 27076], Love et al. 2005:35 [ref. 37547], Shinohara et al. 2005:404 [ref. 28370], Shinohara et al. 2005:404 [ref. 28370], Mundy 2005:164 [ref. 28379], Paxton et al. 2006:419 [ref. 28995], Harold & Gomon 2008:224 [ref. 30629], Fricke et al. 2009:23 [ref. 30213], Fricke et al. 2011:356 [ref. 31242], Larson et al. 2013:44 [ref. 32988], Parin et al. 2014:143 [ref. 33547], Kenaley & Stewart 2015:426 [ref. 34248], Harold 2016:1786 [ref. 34568], Fricke et al. 2018:65 [ref. 35805], Carneiro et al. 2019:86 [ref. 37250], Fricke et al. 2019:59 [ref. 36673], Sutton et al. 2020:58 [ref. 37832], Love et al. 2021:54 [ref. 39279], Fermon et al. 2022:166 [ref. 39448], Page et al. 2023:84 [ref. 40505], Reading & Horton 2023:10 [ref. 41317], Fricke et al. 2024:205 [ref. 41622], Victor et al. 2024:75 [ref. 42021]). Current status: Valid as Cyclothone alba Brauer 1906. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and temperate seas. IUCN (2015): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.

atlanticum, Gonostoma denudatum Norman [J. R.] 1930:283 [Discovery Reports v. 2; ref. 3219] Eastern Atlantic. Syntypes: BMNH 1930.1.12.61-63 and .64-67 (18, ? now 10). •Valid as Gonostoma atlanticum Norman 1930 -- (Witzell 1973:114 [ref. 7172], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:46 [ref. 6441], Badcock in Whitehead et al. 1984:298 [ref. 13675], Schaefer et al. 1986:251 [ref. 5709], Matarese et al. 1989:90 [ref. 26885], Paxton et al. 1989:185 [ref. 12442], Quéro et al. 1990:289 [ref. 14659], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:173 [ref. 24545], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:422 [ref. 23897], Fricke 1999:87 [ref. 24106], Miya & Nishida 2000:385 [ref. 24454], Harold 1999:1899 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:308 [ref. 25086], Randall & Lim in Randall & Lim 2000:590 [ref. 25122], Randall & Lim in Randall & Lim 2000:590 [ref. 25122], Hutchins 2001:19 [ref. 25847], Nakabo 2002:308 [ref. 26001], Ozawa & Katayama 2003:197 [ref. 26921], Harold 2003:884 [ref. 27001], Figueiredo et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:44 [ref. 27192], Moore et al. 2003:182 [ref. 27076], Love et al. 2005:36 [ref. 37547], Mundy 2005:165 [ref. 28379], Paxton et al. 2006:421 [ref. 28995], Fricke et al. 2011:356 [ref. 31242], Harold 2016:1787 [ref. 34568], Fricke et al. 2018:65 [ref. 35805], Burton & Lea 2019:42 [ref. 37205], Carneiro et al. 2019:88 [ref. 37250], Fricke et al. 2019:59 [ref. 36673], Sutton et al. 2020:61 [ref. 37832], Love et al. 2021:55 [ref. 39279], Eduardo et al. 2022:5 [ref. 39574], Fermon et al. 2022:167 [ref. 39448], Villarins et al. 2022:12 [ref. 39442], Page et al. 2023:84 [ref. 40505], Reading & Horton 2023:10 [ref. 41317], Fricke et al. 2024:206 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Gonostoma atlanticum Norman 1930. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm temperate seas. Habitat: marine.

atraria, Cyclothone Gilbert [C. H.] 1905:605, Pl. 72 (fig. 2) [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 23 (pt 2) [for 1903]; ref. 1631] Off Kauai Island, Hawaiian Islands, Albatross station 4187, depth 507-703 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 52055. •Valid as Cyclothone atraria Gilbert 1905 -- (Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:46 [ref. 6441], Matarese et al. 1989:89 [ref. 26885], Okamura & Machida 1986:33 [ref. 22278], Shinohara et al. 1994:59 [ref. 22800], Shinohara et al. 1996:160 [ref. 26605], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:173 [ref. 24545], Harold 1999:1899 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:310 [ref. 25086], Randall & Lim in Randall & Lim 2000:590 [ref. 25122], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:21 [ref. 25650], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:216 [ref. 25968], Shinohara et al. 2001:296 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:310 [ref. 26001], Fedorov et al. 2003:43 [ref. 27579], Love et al. 2005:35 [ref. 37547], Shinohara et al. 2005:404 [ref. 28370], Mundy 2005:164 [ref. 28379], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:250 [ref. 28944], Parin et al. 2014:143 [ref. 33547], Burton & Lea 2019:41 [ref. 37205], Love et al. 2021:54 [ref. 39279], Grove et al. 2022:16 [ref. 41326], Page et al. 2023:84 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:205 [ref. 41622], Victor et al. 2024:75 [ref. 42021]). Current status: Valid as Cyclothone atraria Gilbert 1905. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: North Pacific; eastern Pacific: Mexico south to Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). IUCN (2020): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.

australis, Diplophos Ozawa [T.], Oda [K.] & Ida [T.] 1990:111, Fig. 11 [Japanese Journal of Ichthyology v. 37 (no. 2); ref. 16665] South Atlantic, 40°00'S, 30°40'W, depth 99-102 meters. Holotype: ISH 754-1971. Paratypes: ISH 3453 -1971 (2). Additional original non-type specimens at SIO, SAM, MCZ. •Valid as Diplophos australis Ozawa, Oda & Ida 1990 -- (Pequeño 1997:81 [ref. 23536], Harold 1999:1899 [ref. 24741], Figueiredo et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:44 [ref. 27192], Eduardo et al. 2022:5 [ref. 39574], Villarins et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39442]). Current status: Valid as Diplophos australis Ozawa, Oda & Ida 1990. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: South Atlantic South Pacific. Habitat: marine.

bathyphilum, Neostoma Vaillant [L. L.] in Filhol 1884:184, Fig. 1 [La Nature, Paris No. 559, 16 Feb. 1884; ref. 1326] Gulf of Gascony. Syntypes: MNHN 1883-0056 (1), 1885-0059 (1), 1885-0060 (1). Type catalog: Bertin 1940:312 [ref. 293]. Often dated to 1888 but available from above. Also appeared in Vaillant 1888:96, Pl. 8 (fig. 1) [ref. 4496]. •Valid as Gonostoma bathyphilum (Vaillant 1884) -- (Witzell 1973:114 [ref. 7172], Badcock in Whitehead et al. 1984:299 [ref. 13675], Schaefer et al. 1986:252 [ref. 5709], Scott & Scott 1988:164 [ref. 25518], Paxton et al. 1989:185 [ref. 12442], Pequeño 1989:30 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:93 [ref. 24556], McAllister 1990:88 [ref. 14674], Quéro et al. 1990:289 [ref. 14659], Gomon et al. 1994:247 [ref. 22532], Nielsen & Schwägermann in Okamura et al. 1995:89 [ref. 22531], Santos et al. 1997:30 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:32 [ref. 24952], Porteiro et al. 1999:28 [ref. 24203], Harold 1999:1899 [ref. 24741], Miya & Nishida 2000:385 [ref. 24454], Hutchins 2001:19 [ref. 25847], Harold 2003:884 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:182 [ref. 27076], Ozawa & Katayama 2003:197 [ref. 26921], Harold & Gomon 2008:227 [ref. 30629], Costa & Mincarone 2010:353 [ref. 37483], Møller et al. 2010:28 [ref. 31169], Lee & Kim 2013:46 [ref. 36296], Kenaley & Stewart 2015:433 [ref. 34248], Bañón et al. 2016:307 [ref. 34397], Harold 2016:1787 [ref. 34568]). •Valid as Sigmops bathyphilus (Vaillant 1884) -- (Paxton et al. 2006:422 [ref. 28995], Afonso et al. 2016:26, 278 [ref. 36199], Carneiro et al. 2019:88 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:62 [ref. 37832], Bañón & Maño 2021:54 [ref. 38883], Eduardo et al. 2022:5 [ref. 39574], Fermon et al. 2022:168 [ref. 39448], Villarins et al. 2022:14 [ref. 39442], Page et al. 2023:84 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Sigmops bathyphilus (Vaillant 1884). Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in temperate and subtropical waters. Habitat: marine.

boschmai, Snellius Koumans [F. P.] 1953:184, Fig. 1 [Temminckia, Leiden v. 9; ref. 2679] Indo-Australian Archipelago, 3°33'S, 124°32.5'E. Holotype (unique): RMNH 21013. •Synonym of Margrethia obtusirostra Jespersen & Tåning 1919 -- (Quéro et al. 1990:291 [ref. 14659]). Current status: Synonym of Margrethia obtusirostra Jespersen & Tåning 1919. Gonostomatidae. Habitat: marine.

braueri, Cyclothone Jespersen [P.] & Tåning [A. V.] 1926:7, 52, Figs. 4, 6 (upper) [Report on the Danish Oceanographical Expeditions 1908-1910 to the Mediterranean and Adjacent Seas v. 2 (Biology); ref. 15592] Mediterranean Sea. Syntypes: ZMUC P207585 (1), P207678 (1). •Valid as Cyclothone braueri Jespersen & Tåning 1926 -- (Witzell 1973:116 [ref. 7172], Badcock 1982:208 [ref. 8512], Badcock in Whitehead et al. 1984:290 [ref. 13675], Schaefer et al. 1986:249 [ref. 5709], Scott & Scott 1988:162 [ref. 25518], Paxton et al. 1989:184 [ref. 12442], Pequeño 1989:30 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:93 [ref. 24556], McAllister 1990:87 [ref. 14674], Quéro et al. 1990:284 [ref. 14659], Gon 1990:118 [ref. 21680], Miya 1994:200 [ref. 22045], Gomon et al. 1994:247 [ref. 22532], Golani 1994:34 [ref. 23162], Santos et al. 1997:29 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:31 [ref. 24952], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:416 [ref. 23897], Fricke 1999:87 [ref. 24106], Porteiro et al. 1999:28 [ref. 24203], Harold 1999:1899 [ref. 24741], Hutchins 2001:18 [ref. 25847], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:40 [ref. 26753], Craddock & Hartel in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:183 [ref. 26158], Figueiredo et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:44 [ref. 27192] with genus as Cyclotone, Harold 2003:884 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:182 [ref. 27076], Duhamel et al. 2005:397 [ref. 32059] with question, Golani 2005:20 [ref. 37112], Paxton et al. 2006:420 [ref. 28995], Fricke et al. 2007:57 [ref. 29533], Harold & Gomon 2008:225 [ref. 30629], Fricke et al. 2009:23 [ref. 30213], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:22 [ref. 36649], Møller et al. 2010:28 [ref. 31169], Goren & Galil 2015:512 [ref. 33910], Kenaley & Stewart 2015:427 [ref. 34248], Harold 2016:1786 [ref. 34568], Fricke et al. 2018:65 [ref. 35805], Artüz & Fricke 2019:553 [ref. 36612], Carneiro et al. 2019:86 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:92 [ref. 36864], Reiner 2019:86 [ref. 38139], Kovačić et al. 2020:13 [ref. 37519], Sutton et al. 2020:59 [ref. 37832], Bañón & Maño 2021:54 [ref. 38883], Dalyan et al. 2021:5 [ref. 38892], Golani 2021:22 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:23 [ref. 39014], Love et al. 2021:55 [ref. 39279], Fermon et al. 2022:166 [ref. 39448], Page et al. 2023:84 [ref. 40505], Reading & Horton 2023:10 [ref. 41317], Fricke et al. 2024:205 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Cyclothone braueri Jespersen & Tåning 1926. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and subtropical seas (in North Atlantic also in temperate waters north to 66°N) (including Mediterranean Sea, Sea of Marmara) Habitat: marine.

brevidens, Gonostoma Kner [R.] in Steindachner & Kner 1870:443 [23] [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 61 (1. Abth.); ref. 4250] Atlantic. Holotype (unique): NMW [ex MGH 250d]. •Synonym of Gonostoma bathyphilum (Vaillant 1884) -- (Quéro et al. 1990:289 [ref. 14659]). •Synonym of Sigmops bathyphilus (Vaillant 1884). Current status: Synonym of Sigmops bathyphilus (Vaillant 1884). Gonostomatidae. Habitat: marine.

canina, Cyclothone Gilbert [C. H.] 1905:604, Pl. 71 (fig. 2) [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 23 (pt 2) [for 1903]; ref. 1631] Off Kauai Island, Hawaiian Islands, Albatross station 4005, depth 480-577 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 51545. Paratypes: CAS-SU 8572 (2), 8576 (1); USNM 51539-44 (5, 2, 2, 2, 1, 1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:16 [ref. 12291]. •Synonym of Cyclothone pallida Brauer 1902 -- (Gon 1990:120 [ref. 21680], Mundy 2005:165 [ref. 28379]). Current status: Synonym of Cyclothone pallida Brauer 1902. Gonostomatidae. Habitat: marine.

denudata, Gonostoma Rafinesque [C. S.] 1810:65 [Indice d'ittiologia siciliana; ref. 3595] Sicily [Mediterranean Sea]. No types known. •Valid as Gonostoma denudatum Rafinesque 1810 -- (Witzell 1973:114 [ref. 7172], Badcock in Whitehead et al. 1984:299 [ref. 13675], Schaefer et al. 1986:252 [ref. 5709], Quéro et al. 1990:290 [ref. 14659], Golani 1996:23 [ref. 22271], Santos et al. 1997:31 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:32 [ref. 24952], Porteiro et al. 1999:28 [ref. 24203], Miya & Nishida 2000:385 [ref. 24454], Ozawa & Katayama 2003:197 [ref. 26921], Harold 2003:884 [ref. 27001], Golani 2005:21 [ref. 37112], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:22 [ref. 36649], Harold 2016:1787 [ref. 34568], Bayhan & Ergüden 2019:66 [ref. 41538], Carneiro et al. 2019:88 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:92 [ref. 36864], Parenti 2019:101 [ref. 37117], Bariche & Fricke 2020:109 [ref. 37515], Kovačić et al. 2020:13 [ref. 37519], Sutton et al. 2020:61 [ref. 37832], Golani 2021:22 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:23 [ref. 39014], Eduardo et al. 2022:5 [ref. 39574], Fermon et al. 2022:168 [ref. 39448], Villarins et al. 2022:13 [ref. 39442], Page et al. 2023:84 [ref. 40505], Reading & Horton 2023:10 [ref. 41317], Fricke et al. 2024:206 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Gonostoma denudatum Rafinesque 1810. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Mediterranean Sea; Atlantic from 40°N to 40°S. Habitat: marine.

disjuncta, Margrethia Myers [G. S.] 1934:1 [Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections v. 91 (no. 9); ref. 3107] North of Culebra Island, West Indies, 19°30'N, 65°16'W, depth 950 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 93112. •Synonym of Margrethia obtusirostra Jespersen & Tåning 1919 -- (Quéro et al. 1990:291 [ref. 14659]). Current status: Synonym of Margrethia obtusirostra Jespersen & Tåning 1919. Gonostomatidae. Habitat: marine.

ebelingi, Gonostoma Grey [M.] 1960:109 [Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 122 (no. 2); ref. 19135] Marshall Islands [north-northwest of Bikini Atoll, Western Pacific Ocean], 12°27'N, 164°30'E to 12°38.8'N, 165°09'E, depth 0-1150 fathoms. Holotype: SIO 56-133. Paratypes: FMNH 63534 [ex SIO 56-127] (1). Type catalog: Ibarra & Stewart 1987:42 [ref. 12367]. •Valid as Gonostoma ebelingi Grey 1960 -- (Paulin et al. 1989:93 [ref. 24556], Harold 1999:1899 [ref. 24741]). •Valid as Sigmops ebelingi (Grey 1960) -- (Miya & Nishida 2000:385 [ref. 24454], Ozawa & Katayama 2003:197 [ref. 26921], Love et al. 2005:36 [ref. 37547], Mundy 2005:166 [ref. 28379], Fricke et al. 2011:356 [ref. 31242], Lee & Kim 2013:46 [ref. 36296], Kenaley & Stewart 2015:434 [ref. 34248], Love et al. 2021:56 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:84 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:206 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Sigmops ebelingi (Grey 1960). Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Pacific: Philippines and Samoa east to Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.), California (U.S.A.) and Baja California (Mexico), south to New Caledonia. Habitat: marine.

elongatum, Gonostoma Günther [A.] 1878:187 [20] [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 5) v. 2 (nos 7/8/9)(art. 2/22/28); ref. 2010] South of New Guinea, Challenger station 191, depth 800 fathoms. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1887.12.7.160. Non-type: BMNH 1887.12.7.161 (1). On p. 20 of separate. See also Günther 1887:173, Pl. 45 (fig. B) [ref. 2013]. •Valid as Gonostoma elongatum Günther 1878 -- (Witzell 1973:115 [ref. 7172], Yamamoto in Okamura et al. 1982:73, 324 [ref. 8256], Fujii in Uyeno et al. 1983:136 [ref. 14275], Badcock in Whitehead et al. 1984:300 [ref. 13675], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:46 [ref. 6441], Machida in Okamura & Kitajima 1984:145, 335 [ref. 8057], Schaefer et al. 1986:252 [ref. 5709], Scott & Scott 1988:165 [ref. 25518], Paxton et al. 1989:185 [ref. 12442], Pequeño 1989:30 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:93 [ref. 24556], McAllister 1990:88 [ref. 14674], Quéro et al. 1990:290 [ref. 14659], Cervigón 1996:163 [ref. 24489], Shinohara et al. 1996:160 [ref. 26605], Santos et al. 1997:31 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:32 [ref. 24952], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:423 [ref. 23897], Fricke 1999:87 [ref. 24106], Porteiro et al. 1999:28 [ref. 24203], Harold 1999:1899 [ref. 24741], Randall & Lim in Randall & Lim 2000:590 [ref. 25122], Román et al. 2000:27 [ref. 25632], Hutchins 2001:19 [ref. 25847], Shinohara et al. 2001:296 [ref. 25995], Figueiredo et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:45 [ref. 27192], Harold 2003:884 [ref. 27001], Love et al. 2005:36 [ref. 37547], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:250 [ref. 28944], Potoschi et al. 2009:173 [ref. 30509], Costa & Mincarone 2010:353 [ref. 37483], Fricke et al. 2011:356 [ref. 31242], Larson et al. 2013:44 [ref. 32988], Bañón et al. 2016:307 [ref. 34397], Harold 2016:1787 [ref. 34568], Reiner 2019:88 [ref. 38139], Bañón & Maño 2021:53 [ref. 38883]). •Valid as Sigmops elongatum (Günther 1878) -- (Miya & Nishida 2000:385 [ref. 24454], Nakabo 2000:308 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:308 [ref. 26001], Ozawa & Katayama 2003:197 [ref. 26921], Moore et al. 2003:183 [ref. 27076], Shinohara et al. 2005:404 [ref. 28370], Mundy 2005:166 [ref. 28379], Kenaley & Stewart 2015:432 [ref. 34248], Carneiro et al. 2019:89 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:62 [ref. 37832], Kovačić et al. 2021:23 [ref. 39014]). •Valid as Sigmops elongatus (Günther 1878) -- (Paxton et al. 2006:421 [ref. 28995], Love et al. 2021:56 [ref. 39279], Eduardo et al. 2022:5 [ref. 39574], Fermon et al. 2022:168 [ref. 39448], Gloerfelt-Tarp & Kailola 2022:67 [ref. 41223], Villarins et al. 2022:15 [ref. 39442], Page et al. 2023:84 [ref. 40505], Reading & Horton 2023:10 [ref. 41317], Fricke et al. 2024:206 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Sigmops elongatus (Günther 1878). Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in warm seas (including Mediterranean Sea). Habitat: marine.

gracile, Gonostoma Günther [A.] 1878:187 [20] [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 5) v. 2 (nos 7/8/9)(art. 2/22/28); ref. 2010] South of Japan, Challenger station 232, 345 fathoms depth, and Challenger station 230, depth 2425 fathoms. Syntypes: BMNH 1887.12.7.162 (1), 1887.12.7.163 (1). On p. 20 of separate. See also Günther 1887:174, Pl. 45 (fig. C) [ref. 2013]. •Valid as Gonostoma gracile Günther 1878 -- (Yamamoto in Okamura et al. 1982:73, 324 [ref. 8256], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:45 [ref. 6441], Machida in Okamura & Kitajima 1984:145, 334 [ref. 8057], Peden et al. 1985:4 [ref. 24081] as gracilis, Matarese et al. 1989:90 [ref. 26885], McAllister 1990:88 [ref. 14674], Shinohara et al. 1994:57 [ref. 22800], Shinohara et al. 1996:161 [ref. 26605], Harold 1999:1899 [ref. 24741], Randall & Lim in Randall & Lim 2000:590 [ref. 25122], Shinohara et al. 2001:296 [ref. 25995]). •Valid as Sigmops gracile (Günther 1878) -- (Miya & Nishida 2000:385 [ref. 24454], Nakabo 2000:308 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:308 [ref. 26001], Shinohara et al. 2005:404 [ref. 28370], Mundy 2005:166 [ref. 28379]). •Valid as Sigmops gracilis (Günther 1878) -- (Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:21 [ref. 25650], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:213 [ref. 25968], Ozawa & Katayama 2003:197 [ref. 26921], Fedorov et al. 2003:43 [ref. 27579], Love et al. 2005:36 [ref. 37547], Lee & Kim 2013:46 [ref. 36296], Maslenikov et al. 2013:6 [ref. 37947], Parin et al. 2014:144 [ref. 33547], Love et al. 2021:56 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:85 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Sigmops gracilis (Günther 1878). Gonostomatidae. Distribution: North Pacific: Taiwan, Korea and Japan east to Hancock Seamount (Hawaiian Ridge), north to Aleutian Islands and Gulf of Alaska (U.S.A.), south to northern California (U.S.A.). Habitat: marine.

grandis, Cyclothone Collett [R.] 1896:99 [Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France v. 21 (no. 3); ref. 14604] West of São Miguel, Azores, northeastern Atlantic, 38°09'N, 25°36'W, depth 4020 meters. Holotype (unique): MOM (not found in 1995). Type catalog: Belloc 1949:8 [ref. 21544]. •Synonym of Gonostoma bathyphilum (Vaillant 1884) -- (Witzell 1973:114 [ref. 7172], Quéro et al. 1990:289 [ref. 14659], Gomon et al. 1994:247 [ref. 22532]). •Synonym of Sigmops bathyphilus (Vaillant 1884). Current status: Synonym of Sigmops bathyphilus (Vaillant 1884). Gonostomatidae. Habitat: marine.

greyae, Diplophos Johnson [R. K.] 1970:439, Figs. 1A-B, 2 [Copeia 1970 (no. 3); ref. 7751] Sulawesi Sea, 6°00.5'N, 122°35.6'E, 3000 meters of wire out. Holotype: SIO 69-19 (101.3 mm). Paratypes: SIO 69-19 (2), 69-20 (3); USNM 135691 (1, c&s). Named for a woman, and the name greyae was correctly formed. •Valid as Manducus greyi [sic] (Johnson 1970) -- (Harold 1999:1899 [ref. 24741]). •Valid as Manducus greyae (Johnson 1970) -- (Smith et al. 1991:5 [ref. 16541], Gloerfelt-Tarp & Kailola 2022:67 [ref. 41223]). Current status: Valid as Manducus greyae (Johnson 1970). Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific. Habitat: marine.

kobayashii, Cyclothone Miya [M.] 1994:193, Fig. 2 [Copeia 1994 (no. 1); ref. 22045] Southern Ocean, 45°03.2'S, 115°01.1'E, depth 0-1058 meters. Holotype: CBM-ZF 1387. Paratypes: AMS I.16494-049 (1); BMNH 1987.9.4.363 (1), CBM-ZF 1388 (1); NSMT-P 35724 (1); SIO 63-542 (1); ZIN 50260 (1); ZMUC P208732-33 (1, 1). First mentioned in an unpublished Ph. D. thesis of Kobayashi 1973. •Valid as Cyclothone kobayashii Miya 1994 -- (Harold 1999:1899 [ref. 24741], Paxton et al. 2006:420 [ref. 28995], Kenaley & Stewart 2015:428 [ref. 34248]). Current status: Valid as Cyclothone kobayashii Miya 1994. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in southern Hemisphere. Habitat: marine.

livida, Cyclothone Brauer [A.] 1902:279 [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 25 (no. 668); ref. 631] Atlantic Ocean. Lectotype: ZMB 17482 (35 mm SL specimen). Paralectotypes: ASUM A19.2.1.6a (15); SNMBR I-10032 (1); SMF 2088-89 (1, 3), 11943 (4); SMNS 4484 (1), 4494 (1); ZMB 17478 (1), 17480-82 (2, 2, 3), 22312 (12); ZMH 8231-32 [? now 10834-35] (2, 2). Type catalog: Fricke 1991:1022 [ref. 19904], Wilkens & Dohse 1993:410 [ref. 21161], Fricke 1995:14 [ref. 28100], Fricke 2005:40 [ref. 29864]. A single specimen collected at Valdivia St. 73 was measured in the original description. Lectotype designated by Gon et al. 2022:57 [ref. 39777]. •Valid as Cyclothone livida Brauer 1902 -- (Witzell 1973:117 [ref. 7172], Badcock 1982:209 [ref. 8512], Badcock in Whitehead et al. 1984:291 [ref. 13675], Quéro et al. 1990:284 [ref. 14659], Santos et al. 1997:30 [ref. 23531], Porteiro et al. 1999:7 [ref. 24203], Harold 2016:1786 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:87 [ref. 37250], Reiner 2019:86 [ref. 38139], Sutton et al. 2020:60 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:166 [ref. 39448], Gon et al. 2022:54 [ref. 39777], Reading & Horton 2023:10 [ref. 41317]). Current status: Valid as Cyclothone livida Brauer 1902. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Eastern Atlantic: southeast of Iceland south to Angola. Habitat: marine.

longipinnis, Gonostoma Mukhacheva [V. A.] 1972:221, Fig. 6 [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 93; ref. 7632] Southeastern Pacific, 12°59'S, 86°30'W, depth 72-0 meters. Holotype: ZIN 40509. Paratypes: (49). •Valid as Gonostoma longipinnis Mukhacheva 1972 -- (Pequeño 1989:30 [ref. 14125], Harold 1999:1899 [ref. 24741]). •Valid as Sigmops longipinnis (Mukhacheva 1972) -- (Miya & Nishida 2000:385 [ref. 24454], Ozawa & Katayama 2003:195 [ref. 26921], Lee & Kim 2013:46 [ref. 36296]). Current status: Valid as Sigmops longipinnis (Mukhacheva 1972). Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Southeastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

lusca, Cyclothone Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.] 1883:221 [Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 10 (no. 5); ref. 1838] Atlantic, 31°41'-34°28'25"N, 74°35'-76°12'30"W, depth 457-1632 fathoms. Syntypes: (75) MCZ 25883-86 (5, 35, 13, 9); USNM 120255 [ex MCZ 25886] (4). •Synonym of Cyclothone microdon (Günther 1878) -- (Gon 1990:119 [ref. 21680], Paxton et al. 2006:420 [ref. 28995]). Current status: Synonym of Cyclothone microdon (Günther 1878). Gonostomatidae. Habitat: marine.

maderense, Gonostoma Johnson [J. Y.] 1890:458 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1890 (pt 2) (art. 5) (for 3 June 1890); ref. 14496] Fish market, Funchal, Madeira. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1890.5.31.6. •Valid as Diplophos maderensis (Johnson 1890) -- (Witzell 1973:118 [ref. 7172], Fujii in Uyeno et al. 1983:132 [ref. 14275], Badcock in Whitehead et al. 1984:296 [ref. 13675], Schaefer et al. 1986:250 [ref. 5709], Quéro et al. 1990:288 [ref. 14659]). •Valid as Manducus maderensis (Johnson 1890) -- (Smith et al. 1991:2 [ref. 16541], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:424 [ref. 23897], Figueiredo et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:45 [ref. 27192], Harold 2003:884 [ref. 27001], Costa & Mincarone 2010:353 [ref. 37483], Pinheiro et al. 2015:7 [ref. 34324], Harold 2016:1787 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:88 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:56 [ref. 37832], Eduardo et al. 2022:5 [ref. 39574], Fermon et al. 2022:168 [ref. 39448], Villarins et al. 2022:9 [ref. 39442], Page et al. 2023:84 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:206 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Manducus maderensis (Johnson 1890). Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Atlantic, from 40°N to 30°S. Habitat: marine.

microdon, Gonostoma Günther [A.] 1878:188 [21] [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 5) v. 2 (nos 7/8/9)(art. 2/22/28); ref. 2010] Kermadec Islands, Challenger station 171, depth 600 fathoms. Lectotype: BMNH 1887.12.7.174. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1887.12.7.164-166 (3), 1887.12.7.167-168 (2), 1887.12.7.169-171 (3), 1887.12.7.172 (1); 1887.12.7.173 (1), 1887.12.7.175 (1), 1887.12.7.176-177 (2), 1887.12.7.178 (1), 1887.12.7.179 (1); MNHN 1890-0143 to 0147 (5); ZMUO J658 (2, poor condition). Type catalog: Bertin 1940:312 [ref. 293], Pethon 1969:4 [ref. 19268]. On p. 21 of separate. See also Günther 1887:175 [ref. 2013]. Lectotype selected by Pethon 1969:4 [ref. 19268]. •Valid as Cyclothone microdon (Günther 1878) -- (Witzell 1973:117 [ref. 7172], Badcock 1982:209 [ref. 8512], Badcock in Whitehead et al. 1984:291 [ref. 13675], Schaefer et al. 1986:249 [ref. 5709], Scott & Scott 1988:163 [ref. 25518], Paxton et al. 1989:184 [ref. 12442], Pequeño 1989:30 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:93 [ref. 24556], McAllister 1990:87 [ref. 14674], Quéro et al. 1990:285 [ref. 14659], Gon 1990:119 [ref. 21680], Miya 1994:200 [ref. 22045], Gomon et al. 1994:247 [ref. 22532], Santos et al. 1997:30 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:31 [ref. 24952], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:417 [ref. 23897], Porteiro et al. 1999:28 [ref. 24203], Harold 1999:1899 [ref. 24741], Hutchins 2001:18 [ref. 25847], Craddock & Hartel in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:184 [ref. 26158], Harold 2003:884 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:182 [ref. 27076], Duhamel et al. 2005:122 [ref. 32059], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:250 [ref. 28944], Paxton et al. 2006:420 [ref. 28995], Harold & Gomon 2008:225 [ref. 30629], Fricke et al. 2009:23 [ref. 30213], Møller et al. 2010:28 [ref. 31169], Mecklenburg et al. 2011:119 [ref. 31212], Fricke et al. 2011:356 [ref. 31242], Duffy & Ahyong 2015:109 [ref. 36167], Kenaley & Stewart 2015:429 [ref. 34248], Afonso et al. 2016:26, 143 [ref. 36199], Harold 2016:1786 [ref. 34568], Mecklenburg et al. 2018:83 [ref. 36370], Carneiro et al. 2019:87 [ref. 37250], Reiner 2019:87 [ref. 38139], Sutton et al. 2020:58 [ref. 37832], Bañón & Maño 2021:54 [ref. 38883], Kovačić et al. 2021:23 [ref. 39014], Love et al. 2021:55 [ref. 39279], Fermon et al. 2022:167 [ref. 39448], Page et al. 2023:84 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:205 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Cyclothone microdon (Günther 1878). Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical, subtropical and temperate seas to the Arctic region (including western Mediterranean Sea). Habitat: marine.

minutus, Diplophos Jespersen [P.] & Tåning [A. V.] 1919:224, Pl. 17 (fig. 15) [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, Kjøbenhavn v. 70; ref. 2350] North Atlantic, south of 40°N and west of 50°W. Syntypes: ZMUC P204453 (1). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:25 [ref. 9588], more syntypes at ZMUC, but unidentifiable. •Synonym of Diplophos maderensis (Johnson 1890) -- (Quéro et al. 1990:288 [ref. 14659]). •Synonym of Manducus maderensis (Johnson 1890). Current status: Synonym of Manducus maderensis (Johnson 1890). Gonostomatidae. Habitat: marine.

moorei, Diplophos Welsh [W. W.] 1923:1, Fig. 1 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 62 (no. 2449); ref. 15432] 5 miles west from Gun Cay, Bahamas, Gulf Stream, depth 75-0 meters. Holotype: USNM 84293. Paratypes: USNM 84292 (2). •Synonym of Diplophos maderensis (Johnson 1890) -- (Quéro et al. 1990:288 [ref. 14659]). •Synonym of Manducus maderensis (Johnson 1890). Current status: Synonym of Manducus maderensis (Johnson 1890). Gonostomatidae. Habitat: marine.

nudum, Zaphotias Borodin [N. A.] 1930:88 [Proceedings of the New England Zoölogical Club v. 11; ref. 16067] Northern Atlantic, 33°N, 64°W, depth 1200 meters. Holotype: MCZ 32291. Paratypes: MCZ 94242 [ex MCZ 32291] (4), USNM 89911 [ex MCZ 32291] (3). •Synonym of Bonapartia pedaliota Goode & Bean 1896 -- (Quéro et al. 1990:283 [ref. 14659]). •Synonym of Zaphotias pedaliota (Goode & Bean 1896). Current status: Synonym of Zaphotias pedaliotus (Goode & Bean 1896). Gonostomatidae. Habitat: marine.

obscura, Cyclothone Brauer [A.] 1902:280 [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 25 (no. 668); ref. 631] Atlantic and Indian Ocean. Lectotype: ZMB 17512. Paralectotypes: ASUM A19.2.1.5a (1); SNMBR I-10035 (1); SMF 2113 (1); SMNS 4491 (1); ZMB 17509-10 (1, 1), 17480 (2), 19321 (3), 22324 (2); ZMH 8233 [now 10844] (1). Type catalog: Fricke 1991:1023 [ref. 19904], Wilkens & Dohse 1993:411 [ref. 21161], Fricke 1995:14 [ref. 28100], Fricke 2005:41 [ref. 29864]. A single specimen collected at Valdivia St. 237 was measured in the original description. Lectotype designated by Gon et al. 2022:57 [ref. 39777]. •Valid as Cyclothone obscura Brauer 1902 -- (Badcock 1982:209 [ref. 8512], Badcock in Whitehead et al. 1984:292 [ref. 13675], Miya & Nemoto 1987:417 [ref. 22502], Paxton et al. 1989:184 [ref. 12442], Quéro et al. 1990:285 [ref. 14659], Miya 1994:327 [ref. 22168], Miya 1994:200 [ref. 22045], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:418 [ref. 23897], Harold 1999:1899 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:310 [ref. 25086], Randall & Lim in Randall & Lim 2000:590 [ref. 25122], Hutchins 2001:19 [ref. 25847], Nakabo 2002:310 [ref. 26001], Harold 2003:884 [ref. 27001], Mundy 2005:165 [ref. 28379], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:250 [ref. 28944], Paxton et al. 2006:420 [ref. 28995], Larson et al. 2013:44 [ref. 32988], Harold 2016:1786 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:87 [ref. 37250], Fricke et al. 2019:59 [ref. 36673], Sutton et al. 2020:57 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:167 [ref. 39448], Gon et al. 2022:54 [ref. 39777], Grove et al. 2022:16 [ref. 41326], Page et al. 2023:84 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:205 [ref. 41622], Victor et al. 2024:75 [ref. 42021]). Current status: Valid as Cyclothone obscura Brauer 1902. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm temperate seas. IUCN (2015): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.

obtusirostra, Margrethia Jespersen [P.] & Tåning [A. V.] 1919:222, Pl. 17 (figs. 11-12) [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, Kjøbenhavn v. 70; ref. 2350] Cadiz Bay, Spain, northeastern Atlantic, 20°26'N, 61°03'W, depth 100 meters. Syntypes: ZMUC P204454 (1), ?P204453 (1). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:25 [ref. 9588], more syntypes at ZMUC, but not identifiable. •Valid as Margrethia obtusirostra Jespersen & Tåning 1919 -- (Witzell 1973:119 [ref. 7172], Badcock in Whitehead et al. 1984:301 [ref. 13675], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:46 [ref. 6441], Schaefer et al. 1986:253 [ref. 5709], Scott & Scott 1988:165 [ref. 25518], Paxton et al. 1989:186 [ref. 12442], Paulin et al. 1989:93 [ref. 24556], McAllister 1990:89 [ref. 14674], Quéro et al. 1990:291 [ref. 14659], Santos et al. 1997:31 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:32 [ref. 24952], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:425 [ref. 23897], Fricke 1999:87 [ref. 24106], Porteiro et al. 1999:28 [ref. 24203], Harold 1999:1899 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:307 [ref. 25086], Hutchins 2001:19 [ref. 25847], Nakabo 2002:307 [ref. 26001], Harold 2003:884 [ref. 27001], Figueiredo et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:45 [ref. 27192], Moore et al. 2003:182 [ref. 27076], Mundy 2005:166 [ref. 28379], Paxton et al. 2006:422 [ref. 28995], Fricke et al. 2011:356 [ref. 31242], Kenaley & Stewart 2015:432 [ref. 34248], Harold 2016:1787 [ref. 34568], Fricke et al. 2018:65 [ref. 35805], Carneiro et al. 2019:88 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:61 [ref. 37832], Eduardo et al. 2022:5 [ref. 39574], Villarins et al. 2022:13 [ref. 39442], Page et al. 2023:84 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:206 [ref. 41622], Villarins et al. 2024:[3] [ref. 40975]). Current status: Valid as Margrethia obtusirostra Jespersen & Tåning 1919. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm temperate seas. Habitat: marine.

orientalis, Diplophos taenia Matsubara [K.] 1940:317 [Suisan Kenkyu-Shi v. 35 (no. 12); ref. 13061] Huji River, Kambara, Japan, depth 167 fathoms. Holotype: Nakazawa's Fish Spec. 11 (apparently lost). •Synonym of Diplophos taenia Günther 1873 -- (Badcock in Whitehead et al. 1984:296 [ref. 13675], Quéro et al. 1990:288 [ref. 14659]). •Valid as Diplophos orientalis Matsubara 1940 -- (Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:44 [ref. 6441], Okamura & Machida 1986:32 [ref. 22278], Ozawa et al. 1990:110 [ref. 16665], Harold 1999:1899 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:307 [ref. 25086], Shinohara et al. 2001:296 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:307 [ref. 26001], Shinohara et al. 2005:404 [ref. 28370], Mundy 2005:163 [ref. 28379], Parin et al. 2014:144 [ref. 33547], Koeda & Ho 2019:112 [ref. 37153]). Current status: Valid as Diplophos orientalis Matsubara 1940. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Western and central North Pacific including Hawaiian Ridge. Habitat: marine.

pacifica, Cyclothone Mukhacheva [V. A.] 1964:114, Fig. 13 [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 73; ref. 9046] North Pacific, 45°16'[or 01']N, 156°13'[or 48']E, depth 0-4300 meters over 4480 meters. Holotype: ZIN 37445. Paratypes: (2458 specimens, 450 measured). •Valid as Cyclothone pacifica Mukhacheva 1964 -- (McAllister 1990:87 [ref. 14674]). •Synonym of Cyclothone atraria Gilbert 1905 -- (Okamura & Machida 1986:33 [ref. 22278], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:21 [ref. 25650], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:216 [ref. 25968], Mundy 2005:164 [ref. 28379], Parin et al. 2014:143 [ref. 33547]). Current status: Synonym of Cyclothone atraria Gilbert 1905. Gonostomatidae. Habitat: marine.

pacificus, Diplophos Günther [A.] 1889:33, Pl. 4 (fig. B) [Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger v. 31 (pt 78); ref. 2017] Mid-Pacific, 5°54'N, 147°02'W. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1889.7.20.90. •Synonym of Diplophos taenia Günther 1873 -- (Badcock in Whitehead et al. 1984:296 [ref. 13675], Quéro et al. 1990:288 [ref. 14659], Mundy 2005:164 [ref. 28379]). •Probably not valid -- (Ozawa et al. 1990:110 [ref. 16665]). •Valid as Diplophos pacificus Günther 1889 -- (Harold 1999:1899 [ref. 24741], Koeda & Ho 2019:112 [ref. 37153]). Current status: Valid as Diplophos pacificus Günther 1889. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Cosmopolitan. Habitat: marine.

pallida, Cyclothone Brauer [A.] 1902:281 [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 25 (no. 668); ref. 631] Atlantic and Indian Ocean. Lectotype: ZMB 17496. Paralectotypes: ASUM A19.2.1.3a (3), A19.2.1.3b (1); SNMBR I-10020 (1), I-10024 (1), I-10028 (1), I-10031 (2); SMF 2092-97 (1, 2, 2, 2, 1, 9); SMNS 4474 (1), 4480 (1), 4482 (1), 4485 (1); ZMB 17490-92 (3, 1, 3), 17494-95 (1, 7), 17498 (1), ?22316-23, 19315-18 (100); ZMH 8158-63 (2, 1, 2, 22 now 20, 2, 1). Type catalog: Fricke 1991:1023 [ref. 19904], Wilkens & Dohse 1993:411 [ref. 21161], Fricke 1995:14-15 [ref. 28100], Fricke 2005:41 [ref. 29864]. A single specimen collected at Valdivia St. 207 was measured in the original description. Lectotype designated by Gon et al. 2022:57 [ref. 39777]. •Valid as Cyclothone pallida Brauer 1902 -- (Witzell 1973:117 [ref. 7172], Badcock 1982:289 [ref. 8512], Badcock in Whitehead et al. 1984:293 [ref. 13675], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:46 [ref. 6441], Schaefer et al. 1986:249 [ref. 5709], Peden & Jamieson 1988:491 [ref. 12864], Matarese et al. 1989:89 [ref. 26885], Paxton et al. 1989:184 [ref. 12442], Pequeño 1989:30 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:93 [ref. 24556], McAllister 1990:88 [ref. 14674], Quéro et al. 1990:286 [ref. 14659], Gon & Heemstra 1990:120 [ref. 18440], Gon 1990:120 [ref. 21680], Miya 1994:327 [ref. 22168], Miya 1994:200 [ref. 22045], Santos et al. 1997:30 [ref. 23531], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:173 [ref. 24545], Arruda 1997:31 [ref. 24952], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:419 [ref. 23897], Fricke 1999:88 [ref. 24106], Porteiro et al. 1999:28 [ref. 24203], Harold 1999:1899 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:309 [ref. 25086], Randall & Lim in Randall & Lim 2000:590 [ref. 25122], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:21 [ref. 25650], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:218 [ref. 25968], Hutchins 2001:19 [ref. 25847], Nakabo 2002:309 [ref. 26001], Balanov & Kasatkina 2003:177 [ref. 26891], Harold 2003:884 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:182 [ref. 27076], Love et al. 2005:35 [ref. 37547], Shinohara et al. 2005:404 [ref. 28370], Mundy 2005:165 [ref. 28379], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:250 [ref. 28944], Paxton et al. 2006:420 [ref. 28995], Fricke et al. 2009:23 [ref. 30213], Fricke et al. 2011:356 [ref. 31242], Larson et al. 2013:44 [ref. 32988], Parin et al. 2014:144 [ref. 33547], Kenaley & Stewart 2015:430 [ref. 34248], Bañón et al. 2016:307 [ref. 34397], Harold 2016:1786 [ref. 34568], Fricke et al. 2018:65 [ref. 35805], Burton & Lea 2019:41 [ref. 37205], Carneiro et al. 2019:87 [ref. 37250], Reiner 2019:87 [ref. 38139], Sutton et al. 2020:59 [ref. 37832], Bañón & Maño 2021:54 [ref. 38883], Love et al. 2021:55 [ref. 39279], Fermon et al. 2022:167 [ref. 39448], Gon et al. 2022:54 [ref. 39777], Grove et al. 2022:16 [ref. 41326], Page et al. 2023:84 [ref. 40505], Reading & Horton 2023:10 [ref. 41317], Fricke et al. 2024:205 [ref. 41622], Victor et al. 2024:75 [ref. 42021]). Current status: Valid as Cyclothone pallida Brauer 1902. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in temperate and tropical and subtropical seas. IUCN (2015): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.

parapallida, Cyclothone Badcock [J.] 1982:200, Figs. 2-4 [Journal of Fish Biology v. 20 (no. 2); ref. 8512] 10°28'N, 19°43'W, depth 3140-0 meters. Holotype: BMNH 1981.4.2.1. Paratypes: BMNH 1981.4.2.2 (1), 1981.4.2.3 (1), 1981.4.2.4 (1), 1981.4.2.5 (1), 1981.4.2.6 (1), 1981.4.2.7 (1); IOS uncat. (179). •Valid as Cyclothone parapallida Badcock 1982 -- (Quéro et al. 1990:286 [ref. 14659], Miya 1994 [ref. 22168], Harold 1999:1899 [ref. 24741], Harold 2003:884 [ref. 27001], Paxton et al. 2006:420 [ref. 28995], Costa & Mincarone 2010:353 [ref. 37483], Fricke et al. 2011:356 [ref. 31242], Harold 2016:1787 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:87 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:60 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:167 [ref. 39448] possible, Reading & Horton 2023:10 [ref. 41317], Fricke et al. 2024:206 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Cyclothone parapallida Badcock 1982. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Atlantic; western-central Pacific. Habitat: marine.

pedaliota, Bonapartia Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.] 1896:102, Pl. 32 (fig. 120) [Special Bulletin U. S. National Museum No. 2; ref. 1848] Off Florida, U.S.A., 25°20'30"N, 79°58'W, Albatross station 2642, depth 217 fathoms (397 meters). Syntypes: USNM 44337 (1), plus 1 missing. •Valid as Bonapartia pedaliota Goode & Bean 1896 -- (Witzell 1973:116 [ref. 7172], Badcock in Whitehead et al. 1984:285 [ref. 13675], Schaefer et al. 1986:248 [ref. 5709], Scott & Scott 1988:161 [ref. 25518], Paxton et al. 1989:183 [ref. 12442], McAllister 1990:87 [ref. 14674], Quéro et al. 1990:283 [ref. 14659], Santos et al. 1997:29 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:30 [ref. 24952], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:413 [ref. 23897], Porteiro et al. 1999:28 [ref. 24203], Hutchins 2001:18 [ref. 25847], Figueiredo et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:44 [ref. 27192], Harold 2003:884 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:182 [ref. 27076], Paxton et al. 2006:419 [ref. 28995], Harold 2016:1786 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:86 [ref. 37250], Reiner 2019:85 [ref. 38139], Sutton et al. 2020:56 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:166 [ref. 39448], Reading & Horton 2023:9 [ref. 41317]). •Valid as Zaphotias pedaliotus (Goode & Bean 1896) -- (Sangster 2021:595 [ref. 38787], Eduardo et al. 2022:6 [ref. 39574], Villarins et al. 2022:16 [ref. 39442], Page et al. 2023:85 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:207 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Zaphotias pedaliotus (Goode & Bean 1896). Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Atlantic; Indian Ocean; southwestern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

photocephalus, Zaphotias Roule [L.] & Angel [F.] 1933:25, Pl. 1 (fig. 13-13a) [Résultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies sur son yacht par Albert 1er Monaco. Fasc. 86; ref. 3827] Azores, northeastern Atlantic, station 3279, depth 0-3000 meters. Holotype (unique): ?MOM 0091-1280. Type catalog: Belloc 1949:8 [ref. 21544]. •Synonym of Bonapartia pedaliota Goode & Bean 1896 -- (Witzell 1973:116 [ref. 7172], Quéro et al. 1990:283 [ref. 14659]). •Synonym of Zaphotias pedaliota (Goode & Bean 1896). Current status: Synonym of Zaphotias pedaliotus (Goode & Bean 1896). Gonostomatidae. Habitat: marine.

polyphos, Gonostoma Zugmayer [E.] 1911:4 [Bulletin de l'Institut Océanographique (Monaco) No. 193; ref. 6161] Off Portugal, 36°07'N, 10°18'W, station 3036, depth 0-4740 meters; 36°06'N, 9°00'W, station 3039, depth 0-3660 meters. Syntypes: MOM 0091-1180 (1) station 3036, 0091-1195 (1) station 3039. Type catalog: Belloc 1949:8 [ref. 21544]. Species illustrated and described in more detail in Zugmayer 1911:47, Pl. 2 (fig. 2) [ref. 4846]. •Synonym of Gonostoma elongatum Günther 1878 -- (Witzell 1973:115 [ref. 7172], Quéro et al. 1990:291 [ref. 14659]). •Synonym of Sigmops elongatus (Günther 1878). Current status: Synonym of Sigmops elongatus (Günther 1878). Gonostomatidae. Habitat: marine.

proximus, Diplophos Parr [A. E.] 1931:14, Fig. 4 [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 2 (art. 4); ref. 3371] Pacific coast of Mexico, lower Gulf of California, 24°07'N, 108°40'W, depth 286 fathoms. Holotype: YPM 2676. Type catalog: Moore & Boardman 1991:13 [ref. 16741]. •Synonym of Diplophos taenia Günther 1873 -- (Badcock in Whitehead et al. 1984:296 [ref. 13675], Quéro et al. 1990:288 [ref. 14659]). •Valid as Diplophos proximus Parr 1931 -- (Ozawa et al. 1990:110 [ref. 16665], Love et al. 2005:35 [ref. 37547], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:250 [ref. 28944], Fourriére et al. 2016:454 [ref. 34668], Love et al. 2021:55 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:84 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:206 [ref. 41622], Victor et al. 2024:75 [ref. 42021]). Current status: Valid as Diplophos proximus Parr 1931. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: southern California (U.S.A.) south to Ecuador, including Gulf of California (Mexico) and Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). IUCN (2020): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.

pseudoacclinidens, Cyclothone Quéro [J.-C.] 1974:449, Figs. 1-4 [Revue des Travaux de l'Institut des Pêches Maritimes v. 38 (no. 4); ref. 7531] Northeastern Atlantic, 46°07'N, 4°16'W, depth 600-4000 meters. Holotype: MNHN 1975-0063. Paratypes: BMNH 1976.2.3.1 (1), CAS 35111 (1), ISH 230-1975 (1), MHNLR 805 (1), MNHN 1975-0064 to 0074 (11, 1 ea. lot), SMF 13392 (1), USNM 215280 (1), ZMB 23848 (1), ZMUC P207431 (1). Type catalog: Krefft 1978:8 [ref. 9884]. •Synonym of Cyclothone acclinidens Garman 1899 -- (Badcock in Whitehead et al. 1984:289 [ref. 13675], Schaefer et al. 1986:248 [ref. 5709]). •Valid as Cyclothone pseudoacclinidens Quéro 1974 -- (Quéro et al. 1990:286 [ref. 14659], Harold 2016:1787 [ref. 34568], Fermon et al. 2022:167 [ref. 39448] with question). Current status: Valid as Cyclothone pseudoacclinidens Quéro 1974. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Circumglobal. Habitat: marine.

pseudopallida, Cyclothone Mukhacheva [V. A.] 1964:104, Fig. 7a [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 73; ref. 9046] Northeastern Pacific, 38°34'N [or 38°13'N], 144°18'[or 144°13']E, depth 0-1550 meters over 7420 meters. Holotype: ZIN 37444. Paratypes: (983). •Valid as Cyclothone pseudopallida Mukhacheva 1964 -- (Witzell 1973:118 [ref. 7172], Badcock 1982:208 [ref. 8512], Badcock in Whitehead et al. 1984:294 [ref. 13675], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:46 [ref. 6441], Peden et al. 1985:4 [ref. 24081], Peden & Hughes 1986:2 [ref. 9714], Schaefer et al. 1986:250 [ref. 5709], Scott & Scott 1988:164 [ref. 25518], Matarese et al. 1989:89 [ref. 26885], Paxton et al. 1989:185 [ref. 12442], Pequeño 1989:30 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:93 [ref. 24556], McAllister 1990:88 [ref. 14674], Quéro et al. 1990:287 [ref. 14659], Gon 1990:121 [ref. 21680], Miya 1994:200 [ref. 22045], Gomon et al. 1994:247 [ref. 22532], Shinohara et al. 1994:59 [ref. 22800], Santos et al. 1997:30 [ref. 23531], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:420 [ref. 23897], Fricke 1999:88 [ref. 24106], Porteiro et al. 1999:7 [ref. 24203], Harold 1999:1899 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:309 [ref. 25086], Randall & Lim in Randall & Lim 2000:590 [ref. 25122], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:21 [ref. 25650], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:217 [ref. 25968], Hutchins 2001:19 [ref. 25847], Nakabo 2002:309 [ref. 26001], Balanov & Kasatkina 2003:177 [ref. 26891], Figueiredo et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:44 [ref. 27192] with genus as Cyclotone, Harold 2003:884 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:182 [ref. 27076], Love et al. 2005:35 [ref. 37547], Shinohara et al. 2005:404 [ref. 28370], Mundy 2005:165 [ref. 28379], Duhamel et al. 2005:122 [ref. 32059], Paxton et al. 2006:421 [ref. 28995], Harold & Gomon 2008:225 [ref. 30629], Fricke et al. 2011:356 [ref. 31242], Parin et al. 2014:144 [ref. 33547], Kenaley & Stewart 2015:431 [ref. 34248], Harold 2016:1787 [ref. 34568], Fricke et al. 2018:65 [ref. 35805], Burton & Lea 2019:42 [ref. 37205], Carneiro et al. 2019:87 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:59 [ref. 37832], Love et al. 2021:55 [ref. 39279], Fermon et al. 2022:167 [ref. 39448] possible, Page et al. 2023:84 [ref. 40505], Reading & Horton 2023:10 [ref. 41317], Fricke et al. 2024:206 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Cyclothone pseudopallida Mukhacheva 1964. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and temperate seas. Habitat: marine.

pygmaea, Cyclothone microdon var. Jespersen [P.] & Tåning [A. V.] 1926:7, 54, Figs. 5, 6 (bottom) [Report on the Danish Oceanographical Expeditions 1908-1910 to the Mediterranean and Adjacent Seas v. 2 (Biology); ref. 15592] Mediterranean Sea. Syntypes: many. •Synonym of Cyclothone microdon (Günther 1878) -- (Witzell 1973:117 [ref. 7172]). •Valid as Cyclothone pygmaea Jespersen & Tåning 1926 -- (Badcock in Whitehead et al. 1984:294 [ref. 13675], Golani 1994:35 [ref. 23162], Galil & Goren 1994:50 [ref. 23163], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:41 [ref. 26753], Golani 2005:20 [ref. 37112], Fricke et al. 2007:57 [ref. 29533], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:22 [ref. 36649], Goren & Galil 2015:512 [ref. 33910], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:92 [ref. 36864], Kovačić et al. 2020:13 [ref. 37519], Golani 2021:22 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:23 [ref. 39014]). Current status: Valid as Cyclothone pygmaea Jespersen & Tåning 1926. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Mediterranean Sea endemic. Habitat: marine.

quadrioculatum, Neostoma Vaillant [L. L.] 1888:99, Pl. 8 (figs. 2, 2a-2c) [Expéditions scientifiques du "Travailleur" et du "Talisman"; ref. 4496] Gulf of Gascony, Portugal coasts, Morocco, Canary Islands, Banc d' Arguin, Cape Verde, Azores, northern Atlantic, depth 950-4415 meters. Syntypes: (30) BMNH 1890.6.16.53 [ex MNHN] (1); MCZ 32263 [ex MNHN] (1); MNHN 1883-0057 to 0060 (1, 1, 1, 1), 1883-0063 (1), 1883-0067 (1), 1884-1081 (1), 1884-1083 to 1086 (1, 1, 1, 1), 1885-0052 to 0054 (1, 1, 1), 1885-0057 to 0058 (1, 1). Type catalog: Bertin 1940:312-313 [ref. 293]. •Synonym of Cyclothone microdon (Günther 1878) -- (Gon 1990:119 [ref. 21680]). Current status: Synonym of Cyclothone microdon (Günther 1878). Gonostomatidae. Habitat: marine.

rebainsi, Diplophos Krefft [G.] & Parin [N. V.] 1972:94, Fig. 1 [Archiv für Fischereiwissenschaft v. 23 (no. 2); ref. 7622] Southwestern Atlantic, 43°00'S, 26°37'W, depth 900-1030 meters. Holotype: ZIN 40725. Paratypes: IOM uncat. (1, 1); ISH 1018-1971a-b (2), 1038-1971 (1), 1072-1971 (1), 1102-1971a-d (4), 1122-1971a-b (2), 1163-1971a-b (2). Type catalog: Krefft 1978:8 [ref. 9884]. •Valid as Diplophos rebainsi Krefft & Parin 1972 -- (Schaefer et al. 1986:250 [ref. 5709], Paxton et al. 1989:185 [ref. 12442], Pequeño 1989:30 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:92 [ref. 24556], Aizawa in Amaoka et al. 1990:110 [ref. 16024], Duhamel et al. 2005:124 [ref. 32059], Paxton et al. 2006:421 [ref. 28995], Harold & Gomon 2008:226 [ref. 30629], Kenaley & Stewart 2015:421 [ref. 34248], Koeda & Ho 2019:112 [ref. 37153]). Current status: Valid as Diplophos rebainsi Krefft & Parin 1972. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in Southern Hemisphere. Habitat: marine.

rhodadenia, Cyclothone Gilbert [C. H.] 1905:602, Pl. 71 (fig. 1) [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 23 (pt 2) [for 1903]; ref. 1631] Kaiwi Channel, Hawaiian Islands, Albatross station 4108, depth 411-442 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 51584. Paratypes: CAS-SU 8608 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:16-17 [ref. 12291]. •Synonym of Gonostoma elongatum Günther 1878 -- (Witzell 1973:115 [ref. 7172], Quéro et al. 1990:290 [ref. 14659]). •Synonym of Sigmops elongatus (Günther 1878). Current status: Synonym of Sigmops elongatus (Günther 1878). Gonostomatidae. Habitat: marine.

signata, Cyclothone Garman [S.] 1899:246, Pl. J (fig. 3) [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 24; ref. 1540] Gulf of Panama, eastern Pacific, 6°21'N, 80°41'W, Albatross station 3382, depth 1793 fathoms. Syntypes: BMNH 1856.7.16.1-3 [from MCZ], MCZ 28517 (orig. 18, poor condition). •Valid as Cyclothone signata Garman 1899 -- (Peden et al. 1985:4 [ref. 24081], Peden & Hughes 1986:1 [ref. 9714], Matarese et al. 1989:89 [ref. 26885], Pequeño 1989:30 [ref. 14125], McAllister 1990:88 [ref. 14674], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:173 [ref. 24545], Harold 1999:1899 [ref. 24741], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:215 [ref. 25968], Love et al. 2005:35 [ref. 37547], Mundy 2005:165 [ref. 28379], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:250 [ref. 28944], Burton & Lea 2019:42 [ref. 37205], Carneiro et al. 2019:87 [ref. 37250], Love et al. 2021:55 [ref. 39279], Grove et al. 2022:16 [ref. 41326], Page et al. 2023:84 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:206 [ref. 41622], Victor et al. 2024:75 [ref. 42021]). Current status: Valid as Cyclothone signata Garman 1899. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Central and eastern Pacific: including Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). IUCN (2020): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.

stigmaticus, Sigmops Gill [T. N.] 1883:256 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 6 (no. 380); ref. 1724] East of Virginia, U.S.A., 38°19'26"N, 68°20'20"W, Albatross station 2039, depth 2361 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 33291. •Synonym of Gonostoma elongatum Günther 1878 -- (Quéro et al. 1990:290 [ref. 14659], Miya & Nishida 2000:385 [ref. 24454]). •Synonym of Sigmops elongatus (Günther 1878) -- (Paxton et al. 2006:422 [ref. 28995]). Current status: Synonym of Sigmops elongatus (Günther 1878). Gonostomatidae. Habitat: marine.

taenia, Diplophos Günther [A.] 1873:102 [6], Fig. [Journal des Museum Godeffroy v. 1 (no. 2); ref. 6423] Mid-Atlantic. Syntypes: (3) 2 from 22°N, 30°W; and BMNH 1873.4.3.199 (1) from MFH from Atlantic Ocean, 30°39'S, 24°20'W. On p. 6 of separate. •Valid as Diplophos taenia Günther 1873 -- (Badcock in Whitehead et al. 1984:296 [ref. 13675], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:44 [ref. 6441], Machida in Okamura & Kitajima 1984:143, 334 [ref. 8057], Schaefer et al. 1986:251 [ref. 5709], Scott & Scott 1988:164 [ref. 25518], Paxton et al. 1989:185 [ref. 12442], Pequeño 1989:30 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:92 [ref. 24556], McAllister 1990:88 [ref. 14674], Ozawa et al. 1990:110 [ref. 16665], Quéro et al. 1990:288 [ref. 14659], Shinohara et al. 1996:160 [ref. 26605], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:174 [ref. 24545], Santos et al. 1997:30 [ref. 23531], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:421 [ref. 23897], Fricke 1999:87 [ref. 24106], Harold 1999:1899 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:307 [ref. 25086], Randall & Lim in Randall & Lim 2000:590 [ref. 25122], Hutchins 2001:19 [ref. 25847], Nakabo 2002:307 [ref. 26001], Figueiredo et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:44 [ref. 27192], Moore et al. 2003:182 [ref. 27076], Love et al. 2005:36 [ref. 37547], Shinohara et al. 2005:404 [ref. 28370], Mundy 2005:164 [ref. 28379], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:250 [ref. 28944], Paxton et al. 2006:421 [ref. 28995], Fricke et al. 2011:356 [ref. 31242], Kenaley & Stewart 2015:421 [ref. 34248], Pinheiro et al. 2015:7 [ref. 34324], Motomura et al. 2015:14 [ref. 34709], Harold 2016:1787 [ref. 34568], Fourriére et al. 2016:454 [ref. 34668], Carneiro et al. 2019:88 [ref. 37250], Koeda & Ho 2019:112 [ref. 37153], Sutton et al. 2020:55 [ref. 37832], Love et al. 2021:55 [ref. 39279], Eduardo et al. 2022:5 [ref. 39574], Fermon et al. 2022:167 [ref. 39448] possible, Villarins et al. 2022:8 [ref. 39442], Page et al. 2023:84 [ref. 40505], Reading & Horton 2023:10 [ref. 41317], Fricke et al. 2024:206 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Diplophos taenia Günther 1873. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm temperate oceans. Habitat: marine.

valentinae, Margrethia Parin [N. V.] 1982:70, Fig. [Biologiya Morya (Vladivostok) v. 1982 (no. 2); ref. 8434] Southeastern parts of the Pacific and Indian oceans, 30°22'S [not 33°29'S], 88°44'E, depth 1320 meters. Holotype: ZIN 45928. Paratypes: IOM (1), LACM 11274 (1), ZIN 45929 (1). •Valid as Margrethia valentinae Parin 1982 -- (Schaefer et al. 1986:253 [ref. 5709], Fricke 1999:87 [ref. 24106], Sutton et al. 2020:62 [ref. 37832], Villarins et al. 2024:[3] [ref. 40975]). Current status: Valid as Margrethia valentinae Parin 1982. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Southern circumglobal. Habitat: marine.

vicinia, Diplophos Koeda [K.] & Ho [H.-C.] 2019:108, Figs. 1-3 [Zootaxa 4702 (no. 1); ref. 37153] Off Dong-gang, Pingtung, Taiwan, South China Sea. Holotype: NMMB-P29097. Paratypes: ASIZP, NMMB. •Valid as Diplophos vicinia Koeda & Ho 2019. Current status: Valid as Diplophos vicinia Koeda & Ho 2019. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Southwestern Taiwan, northern South China Sea and north of Papua New Guinea. Habitat: marine.

vitiazi, Gonostoma Rass [T. S.] 1950:1041 [Comptes rendus (Doklady) de l'Académie des Sciences de l'URSS. v. 74; ref. 12970] Pacific, 360 miles southeast of Urup Island, Kuril Islands, depth 500-0 meters. Holotype: ZIN 32209. Paratypes: (51) IOM. •Synonym of Sigmops gracilis (Günther 1878) -- (Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:21 [ref. 25650], Parin et al. 2014:144 [ref. 33547]). Current status: Synonym of Sigmops gracilis (Günther 1878). Gonostomatidae. Habitat: marine.

viva, Panderiella Kasatkina [A. P.] 2000:710, Figs. 1-3 [Doklady Akademii Nauk v. 373 (no. 5); ref. 27920] 77°41'N, 125°55'E. Holotype (unique). Described as a living fossil euconodont, in a new class, family, genus and species. According to C. F. Kammerer (pers. comm. 7/30/2002), this is a damaged specimen probably of the genus Cyclothone! •Synonymy of Cyclothone pseudopallida Mukhacheva 1964 -- (Parin et al. 2014:144 [ref. 33547]). Current status: Synonym of Cyclothone pseudopallida Mukhacheva 1964. Gonostomatidae. Habitat: marine.