Please look in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes for authorships of sections, Families of Fishes (all), and related information.

Genera in the family or subfamily Hypostominae: [ 71 ] records

Acanthicus Agassiz [L.] in Spix & Agassiz 1829:2 Masc. Acanthicus hystrix Spix & Agassiz 1829. Type by monotypy. Authorship follows that suggested by Kottelat 1988:78 [ref. 13380]. •Valid as Acanthicus Agassiz 1829 -- (Isbrücker 1980:75 [ref. 2303], Isbrücker & Nijssen 1988 [ref. 7320], Burgess 1989:437 [ref. 12860], de Pinna 1998:305 [ref. 23847], Montoya-Burgos et al. 1998:367 [ref. 23850], Isbrücker 2002:11 [ref. 27178], Ferraris 2003:865 [ref. 26999], Fisch-Muller in Reis et al. 2003:373 [ref. 27061], Armbruster 2004:53, 59 [ref. 27644], Ferraris 2007:218 [ref. 29155] with authorship as Spix & Agassiz, Lujan et al. 2014:15 [ref. 32454] as Acanthicus clade, Chamon 2016:396 [ref. 34326], Armbruster & Lujan 2025:10 [ref. 41853] in tribe Acanthicini). Current status: Valid as Acanthicus Agassiz 1829. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Acanthodemus Marschall [A. F. Graf von] (ex Castelnau) 1873:63 Masc. Hypostomus aurantiacus Castelnau 1855. Type by subsequent designation. Appeared first in French only as "Acanthodémes" in Castelnau 1855:43 [ref. 766] as a subgroup of Hypostomus; latinized by Marschall 1873:63 as above. Earliest type designation found is by Jordan 1919:264 [ref. 2410]; technical first addition of species not researched. •Synonym of Parancistrus Bleeker 1862 -- (Isbrücker 2002:11 [ref. 27178], Fisch-Muller in Reis et al. 2003:391 [ref. 27061], Armbruster 2004:53, 59 [ref. 27644], Ferraris 2007:278 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Parancistrus Bleeker 1862. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Ancistomus Isbrücker [I. J. H.] & Seidel [I.] in Isbrücker et al. 2001:17 Masc. Ancistrus snethlageae Steindachner 1911. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Hemiancistrus Bleeker 1862 -- (Armbruster 2004:53, 59 [ref. 27644]). •Synonym of Peckoltia Miranda Ribeiro 1912 -- (Fisch-Muller in Reis et al. 2003:392 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:283 [ref. 29155], de Oliveira et al. 2012:552 [ref. 32202]). •Valid as Ancistomus Isbrücker & Seidel 2001 -- (Armbruster et al. 2015:99 [ref. 33670], Armbruster & Lujan 2025:16 [ref. 41853] in tribe Peckoltini). Current status: Valid as Ancistomus Isbrücker & Seidel 2001. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Ancistrus Kner [R.] 1854:272 Masc. Hypostomus cirrhosus Valenciennes 1836. Type by subsequent designation. Type designated by Bleeker 1862:2 [ref. 393]. •Valid as Ancistrus Kner 1854 -- (Isbrücker 1980:65 [ref. 2303], Heitmans et al. 1983:33 [ref. 5278], Reis 1987:81 [ref. 6263], Burgess 1989:436 [ref. 12860], Muller 1989 [ref. 13512], Malabarba 1989:148 [ref. 14217], Muller et al. 1994 [ref. 21571], Montoya-Burgos et al. 1997:185 [ref. 22785], Montoya-Burgos et al. 1998:367 [ref. 23850], Britski et al. 1999:134 [ref. 24147], Sabaj et al. 1999:217 [ref. 24242], Isbrücker 2002:11 [ref. 27178], Fisch-Muller in Reis et al. 2003:373 [ref. 27061], Armbruster 2004:53, 59 [ref. 27644], Fisch-Muller et al. 2005:559 [ref. 28242], Fisch-Muller et al. 2005:525 [ref. 28561], Proudlove 2006:151 [ref. 28992], Geerinckx et al. 2007:47 [ref. 29179], Ferraris 2007:219 [ref. 29155], Bifi et al. 2009:41 [ref. 30541], Taphorn et al. 2010:21 [ref. 30697], Lujan & Birindelli 2011:44 [ref. 31408], Taphorn et al. 2013:343 [ref. 32678], de Oliveira et al. 2015:73 [ref. 33869], de Oliveira et al. 2016:68 [ref. 34368], Bertaco et al. 2016:417 [ref. 34561], Prizon et al. 2016:625 [ref. 34931], Provenzano & Barriga-Salazar 2018:211 [ref. 36344], de Souza et al. 2019:1 [ref. 36504], Bifi et al. 2019:1 [ref. 36821], Bifi & Ortega 2020:1 [ref. 37454], Neuhaus et al. 2022:1 [ref. 39129], Neuhaus et al. 2023:1 [ref. 40715], Widholzer et al. 2024:1 [ref. 40848], Armbruster & Lujan 2025:11 [ref. 41853] in tribe Ancistrini). Current status: Valid as Ancistrus Kner 1854. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Andeancistrus Lujan [N. K.], Meza-Vargas [V.] & Barriga Salazar [R. E.] 2015:652 Masc. Chaetostomus platycephalus Boulenger 1898. Type by original designation. •Valid as Andeancistrus Lujan, Meza-Vargas & Barriga Salazar 2015 -- (Provenzano 2018:408 [ref. 35789], Armbruster & Lujan 2025:12 [ref. 41853] in tribe Chaetostomatini). Current status: Valid as Andeancistrus Lujan, Meza-Vargas & Barriga Salazar 2015. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Aphanotorulus Isbrücker [I. J. H.] & Nijssen [H.] 1983:105 Masc. Aphanotorulus frankei Isbrücker & Nijssen 1983. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Hypostomus Lacepède 1803 -- (Armbruster 2004:53, 60 [ref. 27644] dated 1982). •Valid as Aphanotorulus Isbrücker & Nijssen 1983 -- (Burgess 1989:430 [ref. 12860], Armbruster & Page 1996:381 [ref. 22151], Armbruster 1998:253 [ref. 23319], Montoya-Burgos et al. 1998:367 [ref. 23850], Isbrücker 2002:12 [ref. 27178], Weber in Reis et al. 2003:351 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:225 [ref. 29155], Weber et al. 2012:219 [ref. 31999], Ray & Armbruster 2016:507 [ref. 34178], Oliveira et al. 2017:[1] [ref. 35225], Armbruster & Lujan 2025:16 [ref. 41853] in tribe Peckoltini). Current status: Valid as Aphanotorulus Isbrücker & Nijssen 1983. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Araichthys Zawadzki [C. H.], Bifi [A. G.] & Mariotto [S.] 2016:362 Masc. Araichthys loro Zawadzki, Bifi & Mariotto 2016. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Araichthys Zawadzki, Bifi & Mariotto 2016 -- (Armbruster & Lujan 2025:11 [ref. 41853] in tribe Ancistrini). Current status: Valid as Araichthys Zawadzki, Bifi & Mariotto 2016. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Avalithoxus Lujan [N. K.], Armbruster [J. W.] & Lovejoy [N. R.] 2018:[10] Masc. Lithoxus jantjae Lujan 2008. Type by original designation (and monotypic). •Valid as Avalithoxus Lujan, Armbruster & Lovejoy 2018 -- (Armbruster & Lujan 2025:14 [ref. 41853] in tribe Lithoxini). Current status: Valid as Avalithoxus Lujan, Armbruster & Lovejoy 2018. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Baryancistrus Rapp Py-Daniel [L. H.] 1989:245 Masc. Hypostomus niveatus Castelnau 1855. Type by original designation (also monotypic, one species mentioned). Both new genera in this work were proposed as (p. 235), "...herein preliminary established." Regarded as available, not falling under Art. 15.1 (taxa proposed conditionally after 1961 are unavailable; see Appendix A in Eschmeyer 1990 [ref. 20647]). •Valid as Baryancistrus Rapp Py-Daniel 1989 -- (Burgess & Finley 1996:168 [ref. 22901], Isbrücker 2002:13 [ref. 27178], Fisch-Muller in Reis et al. 2003:379 [ref. 27061], Armbruster 2004:53, 59 [ref. 27644], Werneke et al. 2005:533 [ref. 28457], Ferraris 2007:226 [ref. 29155], Lujan et al. 2009:50 [ref. 30056], Rapp Py-Daniel et al. 2011:241[ref. 31383], de Oliveira et al. 2019:481 [ref. 36981], Armbruster & Lujan 2025:18 [ref. 41853] in tribe Spectracanthicini, de Oliveira & Rapp Py-Daniel 2025:1 [ref. 42536]). Current status: Valid as Baryancistrus Rapp Py-Daniel 1989. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Chaetostoma Tschudi [J. J. von] 1846:25 Neut. Chaetostoma loborhynchos Tschudi 1846. Type by monotypy. Authorship from Fowler (MS), sometimes attributed to Heckel. Spelled Chaetostomus by Heckel in Kner 1854:(256) 271 [ref. 2628] and others. •Valid as Chaetostoma Tschudi 1846 -- (Isbrücker 1980:59 [ref. 2303], Burgess 1989:435 [ref. 12860], Rapp Py-Daniel 1991:239 [ref. 13586], Ceas & Page 1996:671 [ref. 22228], Montoya-Burgos et al. 1998:367 [ref. 23850], Isbrücker 2002:13 [ref. 27178], Fisch-Muller in Reis et al. 2003:379 [ref. 27061], Armbruster 2004:53, 59 [ref. 27644] dated 1845, Salcedo 2006:60 [ref. 28542], Salcedo 2006:207 [ref. 28842], Ferraris 2007:227 [ref. 29155], Ballen 2011:383 [ref. 31653], Salcedo et al. 2011:503 [ref. 31722], Tan & Armbruster 2012:52 [ref. 31842], Salcedo 2013:468 [ref. 32670], Ardila Rodríquez 2013:[3] [ref. 33712], Lujan et al. 2014:16 [ref. 33495] as Chaetostoma clade, Ballen et al. 2016:181 [ref. 34396], Provenzano 2018:407 [ref. 35789], Urbano-Bonilla & Ballen 2021:1 [ref. 38058], Meza-Vargas et al. 2022:364 [ref. 39368], Meza-Vargas et al. 2024:1387 [ref. 41639], Armbruster & Lujan 2025:12 [ref. 41853] in tribe Chaetostomatini). Current status: Valid as Chaetostoma Tschudi 1846. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Cheiridodus Eigenmann [C. H.] 1922:(66) 70 Masc. Plecostomus hondae Regan 1912. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Misspelled Cheirododus by Jordan 1923:153 [ref. 2421]. •Synonym of Cochliodon Heckel 1854 -- (Isbrücker 1980:38 [ref. 2303], Isbrücker 2002:14 [ref. 27178]). •Synonym of Hypostomus Lacepède 1803 -- (Weber & Montoya-Burgos 2002:365 [ref. 26428], Weber in Reis et al. 2003:355 [ref. 27061], Armbruster 2004:53, 60 [ref. 27644], Ferraris 2007:250 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Hypostomus Lacepède 1803. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Cochliodon Heckel [J. J.] in Kner 1854:255, 265 Masc. Hypostomus cochliodon Kner 1854. Type by monotypy (also by absolute tautonymy). First published in synonymy, adopted by Günther 1864:231 [ref. 1974] as a valid subgroup in Plecostomus with one species, thereby validating the genus from Heckel 1854. •Valid as Cochliodon Heckel 1854 -- (Isbrücker 1980:38 [ref. 2303], Lilyestrom 1984:41 [ref. 23620], Burgess 1989:433 [ref. 12860], López & Miquelarena 1991:10 [ref. 23548], Montoya-Burgos et al. 1998:367 [ref. 23850], Britski et al. 1999:135 [ref. 24147], Isbrücker 2002:14 [ref. 27178], Lujan et al. 2017:[16] [ref. 35031]). •Synonym of Hypostomus Lacepède 1803 -- (Weber & Montoya-Burgos 2002:365 [ref. 26428], Weber in Reis et al. 2003:355 [ref. 27061], Armbruster 2003:4 [ref. 27426], Armbruster 2004:53, 60 [ref. 27644], Ferraris 2007:250 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Hypostomus Lacepède 1803. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Colossimystax Armbruster [J. W.] & Lujan [N. K.] 2025:21 Masc. Pseudancistrus pectegenitor Lujan, Armbruster & Sabaj Pérez 2007. Type by original designation (and monotypic). •Valid as Colossimystax Armbruster & Lujan 2025. Current status: Valid as Colossimystax Armbruster & Lujan 2025. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Cordylancistrus Isbrücker [I. J. H.] 1980:48 Masc. Pseudancistrus torbesensis Schultz 1944. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Cordylancistrus Isbrücker 1980 -- (Heitmans et al. 1983:33 [ref. 5278], Burgess 1989:434 [ref. 12860], Pérez & Provenzano 1996:27 [ref. 22807], Burgess & Finley 1996:168 [ref. 22901], Isbrücker 2002:14 [ref. 27178], Fisch-Muller in Reis et al. 2003:383 [ref. 27061], Armbruster 2004:53, 59 [ref. 27644], Provenzano & Milani 2006:29 [ref. 28579], Ferraris 2007:231 [ref. 29155], Tan & Armbruster 2012:52 [ref. 31842], Salcedo 2013:468 [ref. 32670], Provenzano & Villa-Navarro 2017:522 [ref. 35473], Provenzano et al. 2017:256 [ref. 35613], Provenzano 2018:398 [ref. 35789], Armbruster & Lujan 2025:12 [ref. 41853] in tribe Chaetostomatini). Current status: Valid as Cordylancistrus Isbrücker 1980. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Corymbophanes Eigenmann [C. H.] 1909:5 Masc. Corymbophanes andersoni Eigenmann 1909. Type by monotypy. Gender ambiguous, treated as masculine. •Valid as Corymbophanes Eigenmann 1909 -- (Isbrücker 1980:14 [ref. 2303], Burgess 1989:430 [ref. 12860], Armbruster et al. 2000:997 [ref. 25018], Isbrücker 2002:15 [ref. 27178], Weber in Reis et al. 2003:352 [ref. 27061], Armbruster 2004:53 [ref. 27644], Ferraris 2007:232 [ref. 29155], Lujan et al. 2019:1 [ref. 37035], Armbruster & Lujan 2025:11 [ref. 41853] in tribe Ancistrini). Current status: Valid as Corymbophanes Eigenmann 1909. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Cryptancistrus Fisch-Muller [S.], Mol [J. H. A.] & Covain [R.] 2018:50 Masc. Cryptancistrus similis Fisch-Muller, Mol & Covain 2018. Type by original designation (and monotypy). •Valid as Cryptancistrus Fisch-Muller, Mol & Covain 2018 -- (Armbruster & Lujan 2025:11 [ref. 41853] in tribe Ancistrini). Current status: Valid as Cryptancistrus Fisch-Muller, Mol & Covain 2018. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Dekeyseria Rapp Py-Daniel [L. H.] 1985:178 Fem. Dekeyseria amazonica Rapp Py-Daniel 1985. Type by original designation. •Valid as Dekeyseria Rapp Py-Daniel 1985 -- (Burgess & Finley 1996:168 [ref. 22901], Fisch-Muller in Reis et al. 2003:383 [ref. 27061], Isbrücker 2002:15 [ref. 27178], Armbruster 2004:53, 59 [ref. 27644], Ferraris 2007:234 [ref. 29155], Lujan & Birindelli 2011:44 [ref. 31408], Silva & Rapp Py-Daniel 2018:[1] [ref. 35865], Armbruster & Lujan 2025:11 [ref. 41853] in tribe Ancistrini). Current status: Valid as Dekeyseria Rapp Py-Daniel 1985. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Dolichancistrus Isbrücker [I. J. H.] 1980:47 Masc. Pseudancistrus pediculatus Eigenmann 1918. Type by original designation. •Valid as Dolichancistrus Isbrücker 1980 -- (Heitmans et al. 1983:33 [ref. 5278], Burgess 1989:434 [ref. 12860], Isbrücker 2002:15 [ref. 27178], Fisch-Muller in Reis et al. 2003:384 [ref. 27061], Armbruster 2004:53, 59 [ref. 27644], Ferraris 2007:235 [ref. 29155], Ballen & Vari 2012:499, 501 [ref. 32204], Salcedo 2013:468 [ref. 32670], Provenzano 2018:407 [ref. 35789], Armbruster & Lujan 2025:12 [ref. 41853] in tribe Chaetostomatini). Current status: Valid as Dolichancistrus Isbrücker 1980. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Etsaputu Lujan [N. K.], Armbruster [J. W.] & Rengifo [B.] 2011:497 Neut. Etsaputu relictum Lujan, Armbruster & Rengifo 2011. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Stated by authors as neuter. •Synonym of Peckoltia Miranda Ribeiro 1912 -- (Ambruster & Lujan 2016:117 [ref. 34264]). Current status: Synonym of Peckoltia Miranda Ribeiro 1912. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Exastilithoxus Isbrücker [I. J. H.] & Nijssen [H.] in Isbrücker 1979:88, 91 Masc. Pseudacanthicus (Lithoxus) fimbriatus Steindachner 1915. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Exastilithoxus Isbrücker & Nijssen 1979 -- (Isbrücker 1980:78 [ref. 2303], Burgess 1989:438 [ref. 12860], Armbruster 2002:87 [ref. 25891], Isbrücker 2002:15 [ref. 27178], Fisch-Muller in Reis et al. 2003:384 [ref. 27061], Armbruster 2004:53, 59 [ref. 27644], Ferraris 2007:236 [ref. 29155], Lujan 2008:413 [ref. 29847], Lujan & Birindelli 2011:45 [ref. 31408], Lujan et al. 2018:[15] [ref. 36081], Armbruster & Lujan 2025:14 [ref. 41853] in tribe Lithoxini). Current status: Valid as Exastilithoxus Isbrücker & Nijssen 1979. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Glyptoperichthys Weber [C.] 1991:639 Masc. Ancistrus lituratus Kner 1854. Type by original designation. •Valid as Glyptoperichthys Weber 1991 -- (Weber 1992:14 [ref. 19714], Page et al. 1996:186 [ref. 22598], Burgess & Finley 1996:169 [ref. 22901], Montoya-Burgos et al. 1998:367 [ref. 23850], Isbrücker 2002:16 [ref. 27178], Weber in Reis et al. 2003:352 [ref. 27061]). •Synonym of Pterygoplichthys Gill 1858 -- (Armbruster 2004:53, 61 [ref. 27644], Ferraris 2007:290 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Pterygoplichthys Gill 1858. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Guyanancistrus Isbrücker [I. J. H.] In Isbrücker et al. 2001:19 Masc. Lasiancistrus brevispinis Heitmans, Nijssen & Isbrücker 1983. Type by original designation. •Synonym of Pseudancistrus Bleeker 1862 -- (Armbruster 2004:53, 59 [ref. 27644], Armbruster 2004:5 [ref. 27844], Ferraris 2007:287 [ref. 29155]). •Valid as Guyanancistrus Isbrücker 2001 -- (Isbrücker 2002:16 [ref. 27178], Fisch-Muller in Reis et al. 2003:384 [ref. 27061], Covain & Fisch-Muller 2012:235 [ref. 31998], Silva et al. 2014:11 [ref. 33302], Fisch-Muller et al. 2018:23 [ref. 35723], Armbruster & Lujan 2025:11 [ref. 41853] in tribe Ancistrini). Current status: Valid as Guyanancistrus Isbrücker 2001. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Hemiancistrus Bleeker [P.] 1862:2 Masc. Ancistrus medians Kner 1854. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Hemiancistrus Bleeker 1862 -- (Isbrücker 1980:49 [ref. 2303], Heitmans et al. 1983:33 [ref. 5278], Burgess 1989:434 [ref. 12860], Malabarba 1989:148 [ref. 14217], Montoya-Burgos et al. 1998:367 [ref. 23850], Cardoso & Malabarba 1999:141 [ref. 24148], Isbrücker 2002:16 [ref. 27178], Cardoso & Lucinda 2003:81 [ref. 26858], Fisch-Muller in Reis et al. 2003:384 [ref. 27061], Armbruster 2004:53, 59 [ref. 27644], Cardoso & da Silva 2004:1 [ref. 27704], Cardoso 2004:173 [ref. 27799], Werneke et al. 2005:533 [ref. 28457], Werneke et al. 2005:543 [ref. 28456], Ferraris 2007:242 [ref. 29155], Armbruster 2008:49 [ref. 29740], de Souza et al. 2008:419 [ref. 29848], Lujan & Chamon 2008:272 [ref. 29977], Lujan & Chamon 2008:272 [ref. 29977], Lujan et al. 2014:16 [ref. 32454] as Hemiancistrus clade, Ambruster et al. 2015:97 [ref. 33670], Bertaco et al. 2016:418 [ref. 34561], Provenzano & Barriga 2017:221 [ref. 35332], Armbruster & Lujan 2025:18 [ref. 41853] in tribe Spectracanthicini). Current status: Valid as Hemiancistrus Bleeker 1862. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Hopliancistrus Isbrücker [I. J. H.] & Nijssen [H.] 1989:543 Masc. Hopliancistrus tricornis Isbrücker & Nijssen 1989. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Hopliancistrus Isbrücker & Nijssen 1989 -- (Burgess & Finley 1996:169 [ref. 22901], Montoya-Burgos et al. 1998:367 [ref. 23850], Isbrücker 2002:18 [ref. 27178], Fisch-Muller in Reis et al. 2003:386 [ref. 27061], Armbruster 2004:53, 59 [ref. 27644], Ferraris 2007:249 [ref. 29155], de Oliveira et al. 2021:3 [ref. 38080], Armbruster & Lujan 2025:11 [ref. 41853] in tribe Ancistrini). Current status: Valid as Hopliancistrus Isbrücker & Nijssen 1989. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Hypancistrus Isbrücker [I. J. H.] & Nijssen [H.] 1991:347 Masc. Hypancistrus zebra Isbrücker & Nijssen 1991. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Hypancistrus Isbrücker & Nijssen 1991 -- (Burgess & Finley 1996:169 [ref. 22901], Montoya-Burgos et al. 1998:367 [ref. 23850], Isbrücker 2002:18 [ref. 27178], Armbruster 2002:86 [ref. 25891], Fisch-Muller in Reis et al. 2003:387 [ref. 27061], Armbruster 2004:53, 59 [ref. 27644], Armbruster et al. 2007:62 [ref. 29036], Ferraris 2007:249 [ref. 29155], Tan & Armbruster 2016:123 [ref. 34145], Araújo et al. 2025:592 [ref. 41667], Armbruster & Lujan 2025:16 [ref. 41853] in tribe Peckoltini, Sousa et al. 2025:1 [ref. 41906], Kerniske et al. 2026:1 [ref. 43065]). Current status: Valid as Hypancistrus Isbrücker & Nijssen 1991. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Hypocolpterus Fowler [H. W.] 1943:259 Masc. Hypocolpterus analis Fowler 1943. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Hypocolpterus Fowler 1943 -- (Isbrücker 1980:59 [ref. 2303], Heitmans et al. 1983:33 [ref. 5278], Burgess 1989:435 [ref. 12860]). •Synonym of Chaetostoma Tschudi 1846 -- (Burgess & Finley 1996:170 [ref. 22901], Isbrücker 2002:18 [ref. 27178], Fisch-Muller in Reis et al. 2003:379 [ref. 27061], Armbruster 2004:53, 59 [ref. 27644], Ferraris 2007:227 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Chaetostoma Tschudi 1846. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Hypostomus Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1803:144 Masc. Hypostomus guacari Lacepède 1803 (= Acipenser plecostomus Linnaeus 1758). Type by monotypy. Hypostomus guacari Lacepède is an unneeded substitute for A. plecostomus. Spelled Hypostoma early authors. •Valid as Hypostomus Lacepède 1803 -- (Isbrücker 1980:17 [ref. 2303], Weber 1987 [ref. 6241], Burgess 1989:430 [ref. 12860], Reis et al. 1990 [ref. 16139], López & Miquelarena 1991:13 [ref. 23548], Mazzoni et al. 1994 [ref. 21507], Montoya-Burgos et al. 1998:367 [ref. 23850], Britski et al. 1999:135 [ref. 24147], Weber & Montoya-Burgos 2002:365 [ref. 26428], Isbrücker 2002:18 [ref. 27178], Ferraris 2003:865 [ref. 26999], Weber in Reis et al. 2003:355 [ref. 27061], Armbruster 2003:3 [ref. 27426], Armbruster 2004:53 [ref. 27644], Armbruster & de Souza 2005:2 [ref. 28321], Scharpf 2006:20 [ref. 30386], Armbruster et al. 2007:59 [ref. 29252], Birindelli et al. 2007:271 [ref. 29280], Ferraris 2007:250 [ref. 29155], Jerep et al. 2007:435 [ref. 29465], Zawadzki et al. 2008:396 [ref. 29845], Zawadzki et al. 2008:403 [ref. 29846], de Carvalho Paixão & Toledo-Piza 2009:563 [ref. 30675], Minckley & Marsh 2009:228 [ref. 31114], Carvalho et al. 2010:39 [ref. 30754], Zawadzki et al. 2010:719 [ref. 31074], Weber et al. 2012:195 [ref. 31999], Zawadzki et al. 2012:245 [ref. 32031], Cardoso et al. 2012:69 [ref. 32154], Martins et al. 2012:494 [ref. 32197], Zawadzki et al. 2013:73 [ref. 31701], Kottelat 2013:215 [ref. 32989], Zawadzki & Carvalho 2014:43 [ref. 33257], Zawadzki et al. 2014:97 [ref. 33233], Tencatt et al. 2014:585 [ref. 33520], Martins et al. 2014:1 [ref. 33617], Zawadzki et al. 2015:49 [ref. 33866], Cardoso et al. 2016:9 [ref. 34373], Zhang et al. 2016:211 [ref. 34477], Zanata & Pitanga 2016:23 [ref. 34535], Bertaco et al. 2016:418 [ref. 34561], Zawadzki et al. 2016:263 [ref. 34908], Zawadzki et al. 2017:1 [ref. 35355], Ramos et al. 2017:1 [ref. 35396], Zawadzki et al. 2017:560 [ref. 35666], Zawadzki et al. 2018:1 [ref. 35944], Zawadzki et al. 2019:1 [ref. 36576], Cardoso et al. 2019:1 [ref. 36685], Zawadzki et al. 2019:1 [ref. 37170], Zawadzki et al. 2020:1 [ref. 37631], de Oliveira et al. 2020:1 [ref. 37668], Anjos et al. 2021:[1] [ref. 38882], Penido et al. 2021:1 [ref. 38145], Zawadzki et al. 2021:98 [ref. 38157], Soares et al. 2021:1 [ref. 38335], Zawadzki & Penido 2021:1 [ref. 38404], Dias & Zawadzki 2021:1 [ref. 38417], Lustosa-Costa et al. 2022:1 [ref. 39190], Zawadzki & da Silva 2022:1 [ref. 39204], Oliveira et al. 2022:339 [ref. 39824], Penido et al. 2023:103 [ref. 40572], Zawadzki et al. 2024:1 [ref. 40820], Zawadzki & Azevedo 2024:318 [ref. 41237], Lustosa-Costa et al. 2024:1 [ref. 41308], Armbruster & Lujan 2025:13 [ref. 41853] in tribe Hypostomini). Current status: Valid as Hypostomus Lacepède 1803. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Isorineloricaria Isbrücker [I. J. H.] 1980:15, 181 Fem. Plecostomus spinosissimus Steindachner 1880. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Hypostomus Lacepède 1803 -- (Armbruster 2004:53, 60 [ref. 27644]). •Valid as Isorineloricaria Isbrücker 1980 -- (Burgess 1989:430 [ref. 12860], Montoya-Burgos et al. 1998:367 [ref. 23850], Isbrücker 2002:20 [ref. 27178], Weber in Reis et al. 2003:364 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:263 [ref. 29155], Ray & Armbruster 2016:526 [ref. 34178], Armbruster & Lujan 2025:16 [ref. 41853] in tribe Peckoltini). Current status: Valid as Isorineloricaria Isbrücker 1980. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Lasiancistrus (subgenus of Ancistrus) Regan [C. T.] 1904:224 Masc. Chaetostomus heteracanthus Günther 1869. Type by subsequent designation. Type designated by Eigenmann 1910:409 [ref. 1224]. Correct spelling for genus of type species is Chaetostoma. •Valid as Lasiancistrus Regan 1904 -- (Isbrücker 1980:43 [ref. 2303], Heitmans et al. 1983:33 [ref. 5278], Nijssen & Isbrücker 1985 [ref. 9706], Burgess 1989:433 [ref. 12860], Montoya-Burgos et al. 1998:367 [ref. 23850], Armbruster & Provenzano 2000:241 [ref. 25069], Isbrücker 2002:20 [ref. 27178], Fisch-Muller in Reis et al. 2003:387 [ref. 27061], Armbruster 2004:53, 59 [ref. 27644], Armbruster 2005:550 [ref. 28554], Ferraris 2007:264 [ref. 29155], Lujan & Birindelli 2011:39 [ref. 31408], Lujan & Birindelli 2011:44 [ref. 31408], Poveda-Cuellar et al. 2023:1 [ref. 40298], Armbruster & Lujan 2025:11 [ref. 41853] in tribe Ancistrini, Ardila Rodríguez 2025:1 [ref. 42523]). Current status: Valid as Lasiancistrus Regan 1904. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Leporacanthicus Isbrücker [I. J. H.] & Nijssen [H.] 1989:544 Masc. Leporacanthicus galaxias Isbrücker & Nijssen 1989. Type by original designation. •Valid as Leporacanthicus Isbrücker & Nijssen 1989 -- (Isbrücker et al. 1992 [ref. 20677], Burgess & Finley 1996:169 [ref. 22901], Montoya-Burgos et al. 1998:367 [ref. 23850], Armbruster 2002:87 [ref. 25891], Isbrücker 2002:20 [ref. 27178], Fisch-Muller in Reis et al. 2003:388 [ref. 27061], Armbruster 2004:53, 59 [ref. 27644], Ferraris 2007:265 [ref. 29155], Armbruster & Lujan 2025:10 [ref. 41853] in tribe Acanthicini). Current status: Valid as Leporacanthicus Isbrücker & Nijssen 1989. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Leptoancistrus Meek [S. E.] & Hildebrand [S. F.] 1916:254 Masc. Acanthicus canensis Meek & Hildebrand 1913. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Leptoancistrus Meek & Hildebrand 1916 -- (Isbrücker 1980:65 [ref. 2303], Heitmans et al. 1983:33 [ref. 5278], Burgess 1989:436 [ref. 12860], Isbrücker 2002:20 [ref. 27178], Fisch-Muller in Reis et al. 2003:388 [ref. 27061], Armbruster 2004:53 [ref. 27644], Ferraris 2007:266 [ref. 29155], Salcedo 2013:468 [ref. 32670], Provenzano 2018:407 [ref. 35789], Armbruster & Lujan 2025:12 [ref. 41853] in tribe Chaetostomatini). Current status: Valid as Leptoancistrus Meek & Hildebrand 1916. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Lipopterichthys Norman [J. R.] 1935:627 Masc. Lipopterichthys carrioni Norman 1935. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Lipopterichthys Norman 1935 -- (Isbrücker 1980:65 [ref. 2303], Heitmans et al. 1983:33 [ref. 5278], Burgess 1989:436 [ref. 12860], Isbrücker 2002:20 [ref. 27178], Fisch-Muller in Reis et al. 2003:389 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:266 [ref. 29155], Salcedo 2013:468 [ref. 32670]). •Synonym of Chaetostoma Tschudi 1846 -- (Armbruster 2004:53, 59 [ref. 27644], Lujan et al. 2014:283 [ref. 33495]). Current status: Synonym of Chaetostoma Tschudi 1846. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Liposarcus Günther [A.] 1864:238 Masc. Hypostomus multiradiatus Hancock 1828. Type by subsequent designation. Type designated by Jordan 1919:332 [ref. 4904]. •Valid as Liposarcus Günther 1864 -- (Weber 1991:638 [ref. 19114], Weber 1992:8 [ref. 19714], Burgess & Finley 1996:169 [ref. 22901], Montoya-Burgos et al. 1998:367 [ref. 23850], Britski et al. 1999:134 [ref. 24147], Isbrücker 2002:20 [ref. 27178], Weber in Reis et al. 2003:365 [ref. 27061]). •Synonym of Pterygoplichthys Gill 1858 -- (Isbrücker 1980:40 [ref. 2303], Armbruster 2004:53, 61 [ref. 27644], Ferraris 2007:290 [ref. 29155], Kottelat 2013:215 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Pterygoplichthys Gill 1858. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Lithoxancistrus Isbrücker [I. J. H.], Nijssen [H.] & Cala [P.] 1988:14 Masc. Lithoxancistrus orinoco Isbrücker, Nijssen & Cala 1988. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Covain & Fisch-Muller 2012:229 [ref. 31998] define a monotypic Lithoxancistrus Isbrücker, Nijssan & Cala 1988. •Synonym of Pseudancistrus Bleeker 1862 -- (Armbruster 2004:53, 59 [ref. 27644], Armbruster 2004:5 [ref. 27844], Ferraris 2007:286 [ref. 29155], Silva et al. 2014:11 [ref. 33302]). •Valid as Lithoxancistrus Isbrücker, Nijssen & Cala 1988 -- (Burgess 1989:436 [ref. 12860], Isbrücker 2002:20 [ref. 27178], Fisch-Muller in Reis et al. 2003:389 [ref. 27061], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:83 [ref. 35633], Armbruster & Lujan 2025:11 [ref. 41853] in tribe Ancistrini). Current status: Valid as Lithoxancistrus Isbrücker, Nijssen & Cala 1988. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Lithoxus Eigenmann [C. H.] 1910:405, 412 Masc. Lithoxus lithoides Eigenmann 1912. Type by subsequent monotypy. Appeared in key in footnote (p. 405); we agree with Boeseman (1982:43 [ref. 492]) that this constitutes original description; described fully in Eigenmann 1912:242 [ref. 1227]. Type as name only in 1910; type by subsequent monotypy. •Valid as Lithoxus Eigenmann 1910 -- (Isbrücker 1980:77 [ref. 2303], Boeseman 1982 [ref. 492], Burgess 1989:438 [ref. 12860], Nijssen & Isbrücker 1990:327 [ref. 16655], Muller & Isbrücker 1993 [ref. 20657], Armbruster 2002:87 [ref. 25891], Isbrücker 2002:21 [ref. 27178], Fisch-Muller in Reis et al. 2003:389 [ref. 27061], Armbruster 2004:53, 59 [ref. 27644] dated 1909, Ferraris 2007:267 [ref. 29155], Lujan 2008:413 [ref. 29847], Lujan & Birindelli 2011:45 [ref. 31408], Lujan et al. 2014:15 [ref. 33495] as Lithoxus clade, Silva et al. 2017:151 [ref. 35668], Lujan et al. 2018:[15] [ref. 36081], Armbruster & Lujan 2025:14 [ref. 41853] in tribe Lithoxini). Current status: Valid as Lithoxus Eigenmann 1910. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Loraxichthys Salcedo [N. J.] 2013:559 Masc. Loraxichthys lexa Salcedo 2013. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Chaetostoma Tschudi 1846 -- (Lujan et al. 2014:283 [ref. 33495]). Current status: Synonym of Chaetostoma Tschudi 1846. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Megalancistrus Isbrücker [I. J. H.] 1980:52 Masc. Chaetostomus gigas Boulenger 1895. Type by original designation. •Valid as Megalancistrus Isbrücker 1980 -- (Heitmans et al. 1983 [ref. 5278], Burgess 1989:434 [ref. 12860], Britski et al. 1999:134 [ref. 24147], Armbruster 2002:87 [ref. 25891], Isbrücker 2002:23 [ref. 27178], Fisch-Muller in Reis et al. 2003:390 [ref. 27061], Armbruster 2004:53, 59 [ref. 27644], Ferraris 2007:272 [ref. 29155], Bertaco et al. 2016:419 [ref. 34561], Armbruster & Lujan 2025:10 [ref. 41853] in tribe Acanthicini). Current status: Valid as Megalancistrus Isbrücker 1980. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Micracanthicus Lujan [N. K.] & Armbruster [J. W.] 2011:216 Masc. Micracanthicus vandragti Lujan & Armbruster 2011. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Hypancistrus Isbrücker & Nijssen 1991 -- (Lujan et al. 2017:x [ref. 35031]). Current status: Synonym of Hypancistrus Isbrücker & Nijssen 1991. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Neblinichthys Ferraris [C. J., Jr.], Isbrücker [I. J. H.] & Nijssen [H.] 1986:70 Masc. Neblinichthys pilosus Ferraris, Isbrücker & Nijssen 1986. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Neblinichthys Ferraris, Isbrücker & Nijssen 1986 -- (Burgess 1989:436 [ref. 12860], Provenzano et al. 1995 [ref. 21886], de Pinna 1998:305 [ref. 23847], Isbrücker 2002:23 [ref. 27178], Fisch-Muller in Reis et al. 2003:390 [ref. 27061], Armbruster 2004:53, 59 [ref. 27644], Ferraris 2007:273 [ref. 29155], Taphorn et al. 2010:616 [ref. 30973], Lujan & Birindelli 2011:45 [ref. 31408], Armbruster & Taphorn 2013:65 [ref. 32700], Armbruster & Lujan 2025:11 [ref. 41853] in tribe Ancistrini). Current status: Valid as Neblinichthys Ferraris, Isbrücker & Nijssen 1986. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Oligancistrus Rapp Py-Daniel [L. H.] 1989:246 Masc. Chaetostomus punctatissimus Steindachner 1881. Type by original designation (also monotypic, one species mentioned). Genus proposed somewhat conditionally but accepted as available (see also Baryancistrus Rapp Py-Daniel and Appendix A in Eschmeyer 1990 [ref. 20647]). •Valid as Oligancistrus Rapp Py-Daniel 1989 -- (Burgess & Finley 1996:168 [ref. 22901], Armbruster 2002:87 [ref. 25891], Isbrücker 2002:23 [ref. 27178], Fisch-Muller in Reis et al. 2003:390 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:274 [ref. 29155]). •Synonym of Spectracanthicus Nijssen & Isbrücker 1987 -- (Armbruster 2004:53, 59 [ref. 27644], Chamon & Rapp Py-Daniel 2014:2 [ref. 33224]). Current status: Synonym of Spectracanthicus Nijssen & Isbrücker 1987. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Panafilus (subgenus of Panaqolus) Lujan [N. K.], Cramer [C. A.], Covain [R.], Fisch-Muller [S.] & López-Fernández [H.] 2017 Masc. Panaque albomaculatus Kanazawa 1958. Type by original designation. Incorrectly valid as genus, ? mix up with Panaque Eigenmann & Eigenmann 1889, Armbruster & Lujan 2025:16 [ref. 41853] in tribe Peckoltini. •Synonym of Panaqolus Isbrücker & Schraml 2001, but a valid subgenus Panafilus as described -- (Provenzano et al. 2024:113 [ref. 41174]). Current status: Synonym of Panaqolus Isbrücker & Schraml 2001. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Panaqoco (subgenus of Panaqolus) Lujan [N. K.], Cramer [C. A.], Covain [R.], Fisch-Muller [S.] & López-Fernández [H.] 2017:332 Masc. Panaque maccus Schaefer & Stewart 1993. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Panaqolus Isbrücker & Schraml 2001, but a valid subgenus Panaqoco as described. Current status: Synonym of Panaqolus Isbrücker & Schraml 2001. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Panaqolus Isbrücker [I. J. H.] & Schraml [E.] in Isbrücker et al. 2001:20 Masc. Panaque gnomus Schaefer & Stewart 1993. Type by original designation. •Synonym of Panaque Eigenmann & Eigenmann 1889 -- (Fisch-Muller in Reis et al. 2003:390 [ref. 27061], Armbruster 2004:53, 59 [ref. 27644] as Panaquolus). •Valid as Panaqolus Isbrücker & Schraml 2001 -- (Isbrücker 2002:24 [ref. 27178], Ferraris 2007:277 [ref. 29155], Lujan et al. 2013:192 [ref. 32784], Cramer 2014:61 [ref. 33229], Cramer & Rapp Py-Daniel 2015:461 [ref. 33945], Tan et al. 2016:[1] [ref. 34532], Cramer & Sousa 2016:1 [ref. 34885], Lujan et al. 2017:333 [11] [ref. 35031] in subgenus Panaqolus, Provenzano et al. 2024:112 [ref. 41174], Armbruster & Lujan 2025:16 [ref. 41853] in tribe Peckoltini). Current status: Valid as Panaqolus Isbrücker & Schraml 2001. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Panaque Eigenmann [C. H.] & Eigenmann [R. S.] 1889:44 Masc. Chaetostomus nigrolineatus Peters 1877. Type by original designation. Treated by authors as masculine. •Valid as Panaque Eigenmann & Eigenmann 1898 -- (Isbrücker 1980:74 [ref. 2303], Burgess 1989:437 [ref. 12860], Schaefer & Stewart 1993:313 [ref. 21282], de Pinna 1998:305 [ref. 23847], Montoya-Burgos et al. 1998:367 [ref. 23850], Armbruster 2002:87 [ref. 25891], Chockley & Armbruster 2002:82 [ref. 26069], Fisch-Muller in Reis et al. 2003:390 [ref. 27061], Armbruster 2004:53, 59 [ref. 27644], Ferraris 2007:277 [ref. 29155], Lujan & Chamon 2008:272 [ref. 29977], Lujan et al. 2010:676 [ref. 31098], Ortega-Lara & Lujan 2020:393 [ref. 37306]). Current status: Valid as Panaque Eigenmann & Eigenmann 1889. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Paralithoxus (subgenus of Lithoxus) Boeseman [M.] 1982:46 Masc. Ancistrus bovallii Regan 1906. Type by original designation. Misspelled Paralithoides in author's abstract (p. 41). •Synonym of Lithoxus Eigenmann 1910 -- (Nijssen & Isbrücker 1990:327 [ref. 16655], Isbrücker 2002:24 [ref. 27178], Fisch-Muller in Reis et al. 2003:389 [ref. 27061], Armbruster 2004:53, 59 [ref. 27644], Ferraris 2007:267 [ref. 29155]). •Valid as Paralithoxus Boeseman 1982 -- (Lujan et al. 2018:[11] [ref. 36081], Rapp-Py-Daniel et al. 2019:1 [ref. 37169], Armbruster & Lujan 2025:14 [ref. 41853] in tribe Lithoxini). Current status: Valid as Paralithoxus Boeseman 1982. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Parancistrus Bleeker [P.] 1862:2 Masc. Hypostomus aurantiacus Castelnau 1855. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Parancistrus Bleeker 1862 -- (Isbrücker 1980:58 [ref. 2303], Heitmans et al. 1983 [ref. 5278], Burgess 1989:435 [ref. 12860], Rapp Py-Daniel 1989:236 [ref. 13470], Montoya-Burgos et al. 1998:367 [ref. 23850], Armbruster 2002:87 [ref. 25891], Isbrücker 2002:25 [ref. 27178], Fisch-Muller in Reis et al. 2003:391 [ref. 27061], Armbruster 2004:53, 59 [ref. 27644] as Castelnau 1855, Rapp Py-Daniel & Zuanon 2005:571 [ref. 28565], Ferraris 2007:278 [ref. 29155], Lujan et al. 2009:50 [ref. 30056], Armbruster & Lujan 2025:18 [ref. 41853] in tribe Spectracanthicini). Current status: Valid as Parancistrus Bleeker 1862. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Paulasquama Armbruster [J. W.] & Taphorn [D. C.] 2011:46 Fem. Paulasquama callis Armbruster & Taphorn 2011. Type by original designation. •Valid as Paulasquama Armbruster & Taphorn 2011 -- (Armbruster & Lujan 2025:11 [ref. 41853] in tribe Ancistrini). Current status: Valid as Paulasquama Armbruster & Taphorn 2011. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Peckoltia Miranda Ribeiro [A. de] 1912:7 Fem. Chaetostomus vittatus Steindachner 1881. Type by subsequent designation. Type designated by Gosline 1945:85 [ref. 13558]; see Isbrücker 1980:53 [ref. 2303]. See also Peckoltichthys Miranda Ribeiro 1917. Correct spelling for genus of type species is Chaetostoma. Ferraris 2007:283 [ref. 29155] regards type designation by monotypy [needs checking]. •Valid as Peckoltia Miranda Ribeiro 1912 -- (Isbrücker 1980:53 [ref. 2303], Heitmans et al. 1983:33 [ref. 5278], Burgess 1989:434 [ref. 12860], Montoya-Burgos et al. 1998:367 [ref. 23850], Armbruster 2002:86 [ref. 25891], Isbrücker 2002:25 [ref. 27178], Cardoso & Lucinda 2003:82 [ref. 26858], Fisch-Muller in Reis et al. 2003:392 [ref. 27061], Armbruster 2003:1 [ref. 27434], Armbruster 2004:53, 59 [ref. 27644], Armbruster & Werneke 2005:1 [ref. 28101], Ferraris 2007:283 [ref. 29155], Armbruster 2008:5 [ref. 29740], Zawadzki et al. 2010:723 [ref. 31074], de Oliveira et al. 2010:45 [ref. 30929], de Oliveira et al. 2012:547 [ref. 32202], Lujan et al. 2014:16 [ref. 32454] as Pecoltia clade, Armbruster et al. 2015:97 [ref. 33670], Armbruster & Lujan 2016:106 [ref. 34264], Armbruster & Lujan 2025:16 [ref. 41853] in tribe Peckoltini, Araújo et al. 2025:1 [ref. 42427]). Current status: Valid as Peckoltia Miranda Ribeiro 1912. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Peckoltichthys Miranda Ribeiro [A. de] 1917:49 Masc. Peckoltichthys filicaudatus Miranda Ribeiro 1917. Type by monotypy. Regarded by Isbrücker 1980:53 [ref. 2303] as an unneeded replacement for and objective synonym of Peckoltia Miranda Ribeiro 1912 with type as vittatus, but there is no evidence in the proposal in 1917 that this was a replacement name; type is apparently filicaudatus by being a replacement name (by monotypy). •Synonym of Peckoltia Miranda Ribeiro 1912 -- (Isbrücker 2002:25 [ref. 27178], Fisch-Muller in Reis et al. 2003:392 [ref. 27061], Armbruster 2004:53 [ref. 27644], Ferraris 2007:283 [ref. 29155], Armbruster 2008:5 [ref. 29740], de Oliveira et al. 2012:548 [ref. 32202]). •Valid as Peckoltichthys Miranda Ribeiro 1917 --- (Armbruster et al. 2015:99 [ref. 33670], Armbruster & Lujan 2025:16 [ref. 41853] in tribe Peckoltini). Current status: Valid as Peckoltichthys Miranda Ribeiro 1917. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Plecostomus Gronow [L. T.] in Walbaum 1792:663 Masc. Acipenser plecostomus Linnaeus 1758. Type by subsequent designation. Not available if considered as nonbinominal as reproduced by Walbaum; but recognized as the valid genus by Fowler (MS). Isbrücker 1980:17-18 [ref. 2303] mentions Plecostomus Gronow in Gray 1854 and Bleeker 1862, which he synonymizes in Hypostomus Lacepède 1803. See also Plecostomus Swainson 1839 as mentioned by Isbrücker on p. 125. •In the synonymy of Hypostomus Lacepède 1803. Current status: Synonym of Hypostomus Lacepède 1803. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Plecostomus Gronow [L. T.] 1763:127 Masc. Not available, published in a rejected work on Official Index (Opinion 261). •In the synonymy of Hypostomus Lacepède 1803 -- (Isbrücker 2002:25 [ref. 27178], Weber in Reis et al. 2003:355 [ref. 27061], Armbruster 2004:58 [ref. 27644] dated 1754). Suppressed. Current status: Synonym of Hypostomus Lacepède 1803. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Pristiancistrus Fowler [H. W.] 1945:121 Masc. Pristiancistrus eustictus Fowler 1945. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Ancistrus Kner 1854 -- (Isbrücker 1980:66 [ref. 2303], Isbrücker 2002:27 [ref. 27178], Fisch-M98 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Ancistrus Kner 1854. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Pseudacanthicus Bleeker [P.] 1862:2 Masc. Hypostomus serratus Valenciennes 1840. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Misspelled Pseudocanthicus in literature. •Valid as Pseudacanthicus Bleeker 1862 -- (Isbrücker 1980:76 [ref. 2303], Burgess 1989:438 [ref. 12860], Montoya-Burgos et al. 1998:367 [ref. 23850], Armbruster 2002:87 [ref. 25891], Isbrücker 2002:27 [ref. 27178], Fisch-Muller in Reis et al. 2003:393 [ref. 27061], Armbruster 2004:53, 59 [ref. 27644], Ferraris 2007:286 [ref. 20155], Chamon 2015:309 [ref. 33851], Chamon & Sousa 2016:1 [ref. 34852], Chamon & Costa e Silva 2018:499 [ref. 35821], Lopes et al. 2024:1 [ref. 41641], Armbruster & Lujan 2025:10 [ref. 41853] in tribe Acanthicini). Current status: Valid as Pseudacanthicus Bleeker 1862. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Pseudancistrus Bleeker [P.] 1862:2 Masc. Hypostomus barbatus Valenciennes 1840. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Pseudancistrus Bleeker 1862 -- (Isbrücker 1980:10 [ref. 2303], Isbrücker et al. 1988:16 [ref. 6409], Burgess 1989:429 [ref. 12860], Montoya-Burgos et al. 1998:367 [ref. 23850], Isbrücker 2002:27 [ref. 27178], Fisch-Muller in Reis et al. 2003:394 [ref. 27061], Armbruster 2004:53, 59 [ref. 27644], Armbruster 2004:5 [ref. 27844], Lujan et al. 2007:164 [ref. 29202], Ferraris 2007:286 [ref. 20155], Armbruster & Taphorn 2008:33 [ref. 29748], De Chambrier & Montoya-Burgos 2008:45 [ref. 29881], Willink et al. 2010:40 [ref. 30670], Covain & Fisch-Muller 2012:229, 235 [ref. 31998], Silva et al. 2014:4 [ref. 33302], Lujan et al. 2014:15 [ref. 33495] as Pseudancistrus clade, Silva et al. 2015:21 [ref. 33679], Armbruster & Lujan 2025:17 [ref. 41853] in tribe Pseudancistrini). Current status: Valid as Pseudancistrus Bleeker 1862. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Pseudolithoxus Isbrücker [I. J. H.] & Werner [A.] in Isbrücker et al. 2001:21 Masc. Lasiancistrus tigris Armbruster & Provenzano 2000. Type by original designation. •Valid as Pseudolithoxus Isbrücker & Werner 2001 -- (Isbrücker 2002:28 [ref. 27178], Fisch-Muller in Reis et al. 2003:394 [ref. 27061], Armbruster 2004:53, 59 [ref. 27644], Ferraris 2007:288 [ref. 29155], Lujan & Birindelli 2011:45 [ref. 31408], Collins et al. 2018:[1] [ref. 35943], Armbruster & Lujan 2025:11 [ref. 41853] in tribe Ancistrini). Current status: Valid as Pseudolithoxus Isbrücker & Werner 2001. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Pseudoqolus Lujan [N. K.], Cramer [C. A.], Covain [R.], Fisch-Muller [S.] & López-Fernández [H.] 2017:333 [12] Masc. Panaqolus koko Fisch-Muller & Covain 2012. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Pseudoqolus Lujan, Cramer, Covain, Fisch-Muller & López-Fernández 2017 -- (Armbruster & Lujan 2025:16 [ref. 41853] in tribe Peckoltini). Current status: Valid as Pseudoqolus Lujan, Cramer, Covain, Fisch-Muller & López-Fernández 2017. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Pterygoplichthys Gill [T. N.] 1858:408 Masc. Hypostomus duodecimalis Valenciennes 1840. Type by subsequent designation. Type designated by Bleeker 1862:2 [ref. 393] and 1863:78 [ref. 401] (with genus misspelled Pterygophlichtys). •Valid as Pterygoplichthys Gill 1858 -- (Isbrücker 1980:39 [ref. 2303], Burgess 1989:433 [ref. 12860], López & Miquelarena 1991:37 [ref. 23548], Weber 1991 [ref. 19114], Weber 1992:3 [ref. 19714], Montoya-Burgos et al. 1998:367 [ref. 23850], Isbrücker 2002:28 [ref. 27178], Weber in Reis et al. 2003:366 [ref. 27061], Armbruster 2004:53, 61 [ref. 27644], Armbruster & Page 2006:401 [ref. 28898], Scharpf 2006:20 [ref. 30386], Ferraris 2007:290 [ref. 29155], Kottelat 2013:215 [ref. 32989], Zhang et al. 2016:211 [ref. 34477], Armbruster & Lujan 2025:13 [ref. 41853] in tribe Hypostomini). Current status: Valid as Pterygoplichthys Gill 1858. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Scobinancistrus Isbrücker [I. J. H.] & Nijssen [H.] 1989:542 Masc. Scobinancistrus pariolispos Isbrücker & Nijssen 1989. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Panaque Eigenmann & Eigenmann 1889 -- (Armbruster 2004:53, 59 [ref. 27644]). •Valid as Scobinancistrus Isbrücker & Nijssen 1989 -- (Burgess 1994 [ref. 21427], Burgess & Finley 1996:168 [ref. 22901], Montoya-Burgos et al. 1998:367 [ref. 23850], Armbruster 2002:87 [ref. 25891], Isbrücker 2002:29 [ref. 27178], Fisch-Muller in Reis et al. 2003:395 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:296 [ref. 29155], Chaves et al. 2023:1 [ref. 40570], Armbruster & Lujan 2025:16 [ref. 41853] in tribe Peckoltini). Current status: Valid as Scobinancistrus Isbrücker & Nijssen 1989. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Sophiancistrus Isbrücker [I. J. H.] & Seidel [I.] in Isbrücker et al. 2001:21 Masc. Hemiancistrus ucayalensis Fowler 1940. Type by original designation. •Valid as Sophiancistrus Isbrücker & Seidel 2001 -- (Isbrücker 2002:29 [ref. 27178], Isbrücker 2002:29 [ref. 27178]). •Synonym of Peckoltia Miranda Ribeiro 1912 -- (Fisch-Muller in Reis et al. 2003:392 [ref. 27061], Armbruster 2004:53, 59 [ref. 27644], Ferraris 2007:283 [ref. 29155], Armbruster 2008:5 [ref. 29740]). Current status: Synonym of Peckoltia Miranda Ribeiro 1912. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Soromonichthys Lujan [N. K.] & Armbruster [J. W.] 2011:220 Masc. Soromonichthys stearleyi Lujan & Armbruster 2011. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Soromonichthys Lujan & Armbruster 2011. •Synonym of Pseudolithoxus Isbrücker & Werner 2001 -- (Armbruster & Lujan 2025:11 [ref. 41853]). Current status: Synonym of Pseudolithoxus Isbrücker & Werner 2001. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Spectracanthicus Nijssen [H.] & Isbrücker [I. J. H.] 1987:93 Masc. Spectracanthicus murinus Nijssen & Isbrücker 1987. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Spectracanthicus Nijssen & Isbrücker 1987 -- (Burgess 1989:445 [ref. 12860] as Spectracanthus, Armbruster 2002:87 [ref. 25891], Isbrücker 2002:29 [ref. 27178], Fisch-Muller in Reis et al. 2003:395 [ref. 27061], Armbruster 2004:53, 59 [ref. 27644] dated 1986, Ferraris 2007:297 [ref. 29155], Lujan et al. 2009:50 [ref. 30056], [check] Chamon & Rapp Py-Daniel 2014:2 [ref. 33224], Chamon et al. 2018:[1] [ref. 35755], Armbruster & Lujan 2025:18 [ref. 41853] in tribe Spectracanthicini). Current status: Valid as Spectracanthicus Nijssen & Isbrücker 1987. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Squaliforma Isbrücker [I. J. H.] & Michels [J. P.] in Isbrücker et al. 2001:22 Fem. Hypostomus horridus Kner 1854. Type by original designation. •Synonym of Hypostomus Lacepède 1803 -- (Armbruster 2004:53, 60 [ref. 27644]). •Valid as Squaliforma Isbrücker & Michels 2001 -- (Weber in Reis et al. 2003:367 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:297 [ref. 29155]). •Synonym of Aphanotorulus Isbrücker & Nijssen 1983 -- (Ray & Armbruster 2016:507 [ref. 34178]). Current status: Synonym of Aphanotorulus Isbrücker & Nijssen 1983. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Stellantia Armbruster [J. W.] & Lujan [N. K.] 2025:24 Fem. Pseudancistrus sidereus Armbruster 2004. Type by original designation (and monotypic). •Valid as Stellantia Armbruster & Lujan 2025. Current status: Valid as Stellantia Armbruster & Lujan 2025. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Stoneiella Fowler [H. W.] 1914:271 Fem. Stoneiella leopardus Fowler 1914. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Misspelled Stoniella by Jordan 1920:553 [ref. 4905]. •Synonym of Pseudacanthicus Bleeker 1862 -- (Isbrücker 1980:76 [ref. 2303], Isbrücker 2002:29 [ref. 27178], Fisch-Muller in Reis et al. 2003:393 [ref. 27061], Armbruster 2004:53, 59 [ref. 27644] as Stoniella, Ferraris 2007:286 [ref. 20155]). Current status: Synonym of Pseudacanthicus Bleeker 1862. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Thysanocara (subgenus of Xenocara) Regan [C. T.] 1906:96 Neut. Hypostomus cirrhosus Valenciennes 1836. Type by monotypy. Proposed for Xenocara cirrhosum and its allies; X. brevispinnis also described, but whether Regan placed it in the subgenus Thysanocara is unclear from text. •Objective synonym of Ancistrus Kner 1854 -- (Isbrücker 1980:66 [ref. 2303], Isbrücker 2002:30 [ref. 27178], Fisch-Muller in Reis et al. 2003:373 [ref. 27061], Armbruster 2004:53, 59 [ref. 27644], Ferraris 2007:219 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Ancistrus Kner 1854. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Transancistrus Lujan [N. K.], Meza-Vargas [V.] & Barriga Salazar [R. E.] 2015:657 Masc. Cordylancistrus santarosensis Tan & Armbruster 2012. Type by original designation. •Valid as Transancistrus Lujan, Meza-Vargas & Barriga Salazar 2015 -- (Provenzano 2018:407 [ref. 35789], Armbruster & Lujan 2025:12 [ref. 41853] in tribe Chaetostomatini). Current status: Valid as Transancistrus Lujan, Meza-Vargas & Barriga Salazar 2015. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Typupiscis Toledo [M. J.] (ex Ameghino) 2022:3 Masc. Typupiscis lujanensis Toledo 2022 (Ancistrus cirrhosus). Type by monotypy. Not available, no formal description and typification, also described in synonymy; based on manuscript name by Florentino Ameghino on a historical photograph taken in 1874. •In synonymy of Ancistrus Kner 1854 -- (Toledo et al. 2022:1 [ref. 39266]). Current status: Synonym of Ancistrus Kner 1854. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Watawata Isbrücker [I. J. H.] & Michels [J. P.] in Isbrücker et al. 2001:22 Fem. Hypostomus microstomus Weber 1987. Type by original designation. •Valid as Watawata Isbrücker & Michels 2001 -- (Isbrücker 2002:30 [ref. 27178]). •Synonym of Hypostomus Lacepède 1803 -- (Weber in Reis et al. 2003:355 [ref. 27061], Armbruster 2004:53, 60 [ref. 27644], Ferraris 2007:250 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Hypostomus Lacepède 1803. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Xenocara Regan [C. T.] 1904:195, 251 Neut. Chaetostomus latifrons Günther 1869. Type by subsequent designation. Type designated by Eigenmann 1910:410 [ref. 1224]. Correct spelling for genus of type species is Chaetostoma. •Synonym of Ancistrus Kner 1854 -- (Isbrücker 1980:66 [ref. 2303], Fisch-Muller in Reis et al. 2003:373 [ref. 27061], Isbrücker 2002:30 [ref. 27178], Armbruster 2004:53, 59 [ref. 27644], Fisch-Muller et al. 2005:570 [ref. 28242], ). Current status: Synonym of Ancistrus Kner 1854. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Yaluwak Lujan [N. K.] & Armbruster [J. W.] in Lujan, Armbruster, Werneke, Teixeira & Lovejoy 2019:16 Masc. Yaluwak primus Lujan, Armbruster & Werneke 2019. Type by original designation (and monotypic). •Valid as Yaluwak Lujan & Armbruster 2019 -- (Armbruster & Lujan 2025:11 [ref. 41853] in tribe Ancistrini). Current status: Valid as Yaluwak Lujan & Armbruster 2019. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.

Zonancistrus Isbrücker [I. J. H.] in Isbrücker et al. 2001:23 Masc. Ancistrus brachyurus Kner 1854. Type by original designation. •Valid as Zonancistrus Isbrücker 2001 -- (Isbrücker 2002:30 [ref. 27178]). •Synonym of Dekeyseria Rapp Py-Daniel 1985 -- (Fisch-Muller in Reis et al. 2003:383 [ref. 27061], Armbruster 2004:53, 59 [ref. 27644], Ferraris 2007:234 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Dekeyseria Rapp Py-Daniel 1985. Loricariidae: Hypostominae.