Please look in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes for authorships of sections, Families of Fishes (all), and related information.

Species in the family or subfamily Melamphaidae: [ 88 ] records

acanthomus, Melamphaes Ebeling [A. W.] 1962:51, Fig. 22 [Dana Report No. 58; ref. 5896] Off San Diego, California, U.S.A., 32°46'N, 117°32.5'W, depth 0-840 meters over bottom depth of 1040 meters. Holotype: SIO 54-86 [spec. 1]. Paratypes: SIO 50-269 (1), 50-286 (1), 51-16 (1), 51-74 (1), 51-80 (1), 51-92 (1), 51-392 (1), 52-39 (1), 54-83 (1), 54-86 [spec. 2] (1), 54-123 to 124 (1, 1), 54-126 (1), 57-96 (2), 59-200 (3), 59-202 to 203 (3, 1); CAS-SU 46480 (1); ZMUC P41118 (1). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:58 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Melamphaes acanthomus Ebeling 1962 -- (Pequeño 1989:52 [ref. 14125], Kotlyar 1996:273 [ref. 23292], Kotlyar 2004:1 [ref. 27590], Love et al. 2005:67 [ref. 37547], Iwasaki in Nakaya et at. 2009:230 [ref. 42561], Kotlyar 2012:145 [ref. 31963] as acanthmus once on p. 145, Kotlyar 2012:254 [ref. 32009], Love et al. 2021:97 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:104 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:249 [ref. 41622], Kotlyar 2024:1173 [ref. 41726]). Current status: Valid as Melamphaes acanthomus Ebeling 1962. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: southern California (U.S.A.) south to northern Chile, including Gulf of California (Mexico). IUCN (2020): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.

agafonovae, Poromitra Kotlyar [A. N.] 2009:572, Fig. 4 [Journal of Ichthyology v. 49 (no. 8); ref. 30590] Western Indian Ocean, 8°03'S, 67°49'E, depth 2827-0 meters, over bottom depth of 3020 meters. Holotype: ZMMU P-22125. Paratypes: ZMUU P-22126 (1). •Valid as Poromitra agafonovae Kotlyar 2009 -- (Kotlyar 2010:243 [ref. 30796], Kotlyar 2010:808 [ref. 32452], Kotlyar 2024:1315 [ref. 41730]). Current status: Valid as Poromitra agafonovae Kotlyar 2009. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine.

anthrax, Lophocephalus Osório [B.] 1906:173, Pl. 1 (fig. 1) [Jornal de Sciências Mathemáticas, Physicas e Naturaes, Lisboa (Ser. 2) v. 7; ref. 3316] Western coast of Portugal, eastern North Atlantic [stomach content]. Holotype (unique): MB T-126(145) (destroyed in fire in 1978). •Synonym of Poromitra capito Goode & Bean 1883 -- (Maul 1973:345 [ref. 7171], Maul in Whitehead et al. 1986:761 [ref. 13676], Maul 1990:615 [ref. 17237], Kotlyar 2004:4 [ref. 27590], Kotlyar 2009:711 [ref. 30627], Kotlyar 2024:1317 [ref. 41730]). Current status: Synonym of Poromitra capito Goode & Bean 1883. Melamphaidae. Habitat: marine.

atlanticus, Melamphaes Norman [J. R.] 1929:165 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 10) v. 4 (no. 20) (art. 14); ref. 15914] South Atlantic, 33°54'S, 16°04'E, depth 850-950 meters. Holotype: BMNH 1930.1.12.1010. Paratypes: BMNH 1930.1.12.1011-1014 (4). Type catalog: Gon et al. 2023:477 [ref. 40678]. •Synonym of Poromitra crassiceps (Günther 1878) -- (Maul 1973:345 [ref. 7171], Maul 1990:616 [ref. 17237], Gon 1990:219 [ref. 21680], Shinohara et al. 1996:173 [ref. 26605], Kotlyar 2004:5 [ref. 27590]). •Valid as Poromitra atlantica (Norman 1929) -- (Kotlyar 2009:563 [ref. 30590], Kotlyar 2010:243 [ref. 30796], Stewart & Bray 2015:984 [ref. 34276], Sutton et al. 2020:244 [ref. 37832], Gon et al. 2023:477 [ref. 40678], Kotlyar 2024:1305 [ref. 41730]). Current status: Valid as Poromitra atlantica (Norman 1929). Melamphaidae. Distribution: Southeastern Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

balushkini, Scopeloberyx malayanus Kotlyar [A. N.] 2004:731, Fig. 4 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 44 (no. 6); ref. 27961] Southwestern Pacific, 35°19'S, 128°42'E, depth 5010-4900 meters. Holotype: ZMMGU P-21135. Paratypes: ION 02487 (8), ZMMGU P-21136 (10). Plus non-type material. •Synonym of Scopeloberyx malayanus (Weber 1913), but a valid subspecies balushkini Kotlyar 2004 as described -- (Kotlyar 2024:1372 [ref. 41745]). •Valid as Scopeloberyx balushkini Kotlyar 2004. Current status: Valid as Scopeloberyx balushkini Kotlyar 2004. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Southeastern Indian Ocean: Great Australian Bight; southwestern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

bannikovi, Scopeloberyx Kotlyar [A. N.] 2004:736, Fig. 6 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 44 (no. 6); ref. 27961] Western Atlantic, 14°52'N, 73°49'W, depth 1500-0 meters over 3800-4184 meters. Holotype: ZMMGU P-21138 (21.5 mm). Paratypes: ZMMGU P-21138 (1). •Valid as Scopeloberyx bannikovi Kotlyar 2004 -- (Kotlyar 2005:31 [ref. 28178], Kotlyar 2024:1375 [ref. 41745]). Current status: Valid as Scopeloberyx bannikovi Kotlyar 2004. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Caribbean Sea. Habitat: marine.

beanii, Melamphaes Günther [A.] 1887:29 [Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger v. 22 (pt 57); ref. 2013] Western North Atlantic. Syntypes: USNM 33378 (1), 33509 (1), 34835 (1). Text unclear, but regarded as a replacement name for Plectromus crassiceps Bean 1885, secondarily preoccupied by Scopelus crassiceps Günther 1878 when both are placed in Melamphaes. •Valid as Scopelogadus beanii (Günther 1887) [sometimes as beani] -- (Ebeling & Weed 1963:24 [ref. 4616], Maul 1973:344 [ref. 7171], Maul in Whitehead et al. 1986:765 [ref. 13676], Ebeling 1986:431 [ref. 5651], Scott & Scott 1988:321 [ref. 25518], Paxton et al. 1989:372 [ref. 12442], Pequeño 1989:53 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:156 [ref. 24556], McAllister 1990:131 [ref. 14674] as beani, Maul 1990:618 [ref. 17237], Kotlyar 1996:276 [ref. 23292], Santos et al. 1997:70 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:77 [ref. 24952], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:978 [ref. 23897], Porteiro et al. 1999:41 [ref. 24203], Moore 2003:1163 [ref. 27002], Moore et al. 2003:218 [ref. 27076], Paxton et al. 2006:749 [ref. 28995], Bray 2008:411 [ref. 30620], Møller et al. 2010:48 [ref. 31169] as beani, Stewart & Bray 2015:989 [ref. 34276], Moore 2016:2165 [ref. 34570], Brown et al. 2019:162 [ref. 36444], Carneiro et al. 2019:153 [ref. 37250], Iglésias et al. 2019:280 [ref. 37098], Kotlyar 2019:508[642] [ref. 37920], Sutton et al. 2020:246 [ref. 37832], Kotlyar 2021:807 [ref. 38954], Fermon et al. 2022:202 [ref. 39448], Page et al. 2023:105 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:251 [ref. 41622], Kotlyar 2024:1391 [ref. 41746]). Replacement Name. Current status: Valid as Scopelogadus beanii (Günther 1887). Melamphaidae. Distribution: Southern circumglobal; Atlantic between 65°N and 40°S, Indian and Pacific oceans between 28° and 47°S. Habitat: marine.

bispinosus, Melamphaes Gilbert [C. H.] 1915:325, Pl. 15 (fig. 5) [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 48 (no. 2075); ref. 1632] Off Coronado Islands, near San Diego, California, U.S.A., Albatross station 4382, depth 642-666 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 75809. Paratypes: CAS-SU 22972 (1), 22983-84 (1, 1), 22989 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:64 [ref. 12291]. Genus originally as Melamphaës. •Synonym of Scopelogadus mizolepis (Günther 1878), but a valid subspecies -- (Ebeling & Weed 1963:19 [ref. 4616], Peden & Jamieson 1988:492 [ref. 12864], Pequeño 1989:53 [ref. 14125], McAllister 1990:131 [ref. 14674], Kotlyar 2004:7 [ref. 27590]). •Valid as Scopelogadus bispinosus (Gilbert 1915) -- (Fourriére et al. 2016:457 [ref. 34668], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:608 [ref. 34923], Burton & Lea 2019:55 [ref. 37205], Kotlyar 2021:3 [ref. 38100], Kotlyar 2021:807 [ref. 38954], Love et al. 2021:99 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:105 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:251 [ref. 41622], Kotlyar 2024:1409 [ref. 41746], Victor et al. 2024:65, 77 [ref. 42021]). Current status: Valid as Scopelogadus bispinosus (Gilbert 1915). Melamphaidae. Distribution: Central Pacific and eastern Pacific, including southern Gulf of California (Mexico) and Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). IUCN (2020): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.

brachysomus, Melamphaes Kimura [K.], Kawai [T.] & Aungtonya [C.] 2019:86, Figs. 1-2 [Phuket Marine Biological Center Research Bulletin v. 76; ref. 37116] Off southern Thailand, Andaman Sea, eastern Indian Ocean, 7°20'N, 97°14'E - 7°22'N, 97°13'E, depth 651-655 meters. Holotype (unique): PMBC 30251. •Valid as Melamphaes brachysomus Kimura, Kawai & Aungtonya 2019 -- (Kotlyar 2024:1210 [ref. 41727]). Current status: Valid as Melamphaes brachysomus Kimura, Kawai & Aungtonya 2019. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean: Andaman Sea. Habitat: marine.

capito, Poromitra Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.] 1883:215 [Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 10 (no. 5); ref. 1838] Atlantic, 34°28'25"N, 75°22'50"W, Blake station 328, depth 1632 fathoms; and one from unknown locality. Syntypes: MCZ 26873 (1), USNM 119838 (1). •Valid as Poromitra capito Goode & Bean 1883 -- (Maul 1973:344 [ref. 7171], Maul in Whitehead et al. 1986:761 [ref. 13676], Scott & Scott 1988:320 [ref. 25518], Paulin et al. 1989:156 [ref. 24556], McAllister 1990:131 [ref. 14674], Maul 1990:615 [ref. 17237], Kotlyar 1996:275 [ref. 23292], Santos et al. 1997:69 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:76 [ref. 24952], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:973 [ref. 23897], Moore 2003:1163 [ref. 27002], Moore et al. 2003:218 [ref. 27076], Kotlyar 2004:4 [ref. 27590], Kotlyar 2009:710 [ref. 30627], Kotlyar 2010:244 [ref. 30796], Møller et al. 2010:48 [ref. 31169], Fricke et al. 2011:371 [ref. 31242], Mincarone et al. 2014:1548 [ref. 33546], Moore 2016:2165 [ref. 34570], Carneiro et al. 2019:151 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:242 [ref. 37832], Page et al. 2023:105 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:250 [ref. 41622], Kotlyar 2024:1317 [ref. 41730]). Current status: Valid as Poromitra capito Goode & Bean 1883. Melamphaidae. Distribution: North Atlantic and eastern Atlantic; southwestern Pacific [possibly not central South Pacific]. Habitat: marine.

cavernosus, Melamphaes Chapman [W. M.] 1939:533, Fig. 68 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 86 (no. 3062); ref. 817] Northeastern Pacific, Gulf of Alaska, 56°06'N, 152°09'W, 800-600 meters wire out. Holotype: USNM 108147. Paratypes: USNM 108157 (3). •Synonym of Melamphaes lugubris Gilbert 1890 -- (Ebeling 1962:37 [ref. 5896], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:319 [ref. 25968], Kotlyar 2004:3 [ref. 27590], Kotlyar 2011:559 [ref. 31578], Kotlyar 2024:1138 [ref. 41726]). Current status: Synonym of Melamphaes lugubris Gilbert 1890. Melamphaidae. Habitat: marine.

cocles, Scopelogadus Vaillant [L. L.] 1888:143, Pl. 26 (figs. 6, 6a-e) [Expéditions scientifiques du "Travailleur" et du "Talisman"; ref. 4496] Banc d'Arguin, in 1090 to 1250 meters; off Cape Verde Islands [eastern Atlantic], depth 3655 meters. Syntypes: MNHN 1884-1075 (2), 1884-1076 (1). Type catalog: Bauchot 1970:10 [ref. 20740]. •Synonym of Scopelogadus mizolepis (Günther 1878) -- (Maul 1990:618 [ref. 17237], Kotlyar 2004:7 [ref. 27590], Paxton et al. 2006:749 [ref. 28995], Kotlyar 2024:1400 [ref. 41746], Su & Ho 2025:587 [ref. 42506]) Current status: Synonym of Scopelogadus mizolepis (Günther 1878). Melamphaidae. Habitat: marine.

contradictorius, Melamphaes Kotlyar [A. N.] 2015:515, Fig. 3 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 55 (no. 5); ref. 33995] Southwestern Pacific Ocean (boundary area of Fiji and Tasman Sea). Holotype: ZMMU P-23458. Paratypes: ZMMU. •Valid as Melamphaes contradictorius Kotlyar 2015 -- (Kotlyar 2016:22 [ref. 34170], Kotlyar 2016:388 [ref. 35038], Kotlyar 2024:1217 [ref. 41727]). Current status: Valid as Melamphaes contradictorius Kotlyar 2015. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific Ocean. Habitat: marine.

coronatus, Plectromus Gilchrist [J. D. F.] & von Bonde [C.] 1924:14 [Report Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey, Union of South Africa v. 3 (no. 7) (1922); ref. 1649] Off Cape of Good Hope and St. Helena Bay, South Africa, Pickle stations 84 and 357, depth 500 and 900 fathoms. Syntypes: wereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Poromitra crassiceps (Günther 1878) -- (Ebeling 1986:429 [ref. 5651], Gon 1990:219 [ref. 21680], Kotlyar 2004:5 [ref. 27590]). •Valid as Poromitra coronata (Gilchrist & von Bonde 1924) -- (Kotlyar 2008:489 [ref. 29813], Kotlyar 2010:243 [ref. 30796], Fricke et al. 2018:109 [ref. 35805], Sutton et al. 2020:244 [ref. 37832], Reading & Horton 2023:15 [ref. 41317], Kotlyar 2024:1276 [ref. 41730]). Current status: Valid as Poromitra coronata (Gilchrist & von Bonde 1924). Melamphaidae. Distribution: Eastern Atlantic: Mauritania south to South Africa; southwestern Indian Ocean: South Africa to southwestern Madagascar. Habitat: marine.

crassa, Poromitra Parin [N. V.] & Ebeling [A. W.] 1980:89, Fig. 1 [Copeia 1980 (no. 1); ref. 5523] Bismarck Sea, off New Guinea, 5°20.9'S, 146°16'E, depth 0-1000 meters. Holotype: ZIN 44261. Paratypes: IOM (1); USNM 218754-55 (1, 1). •Valid as Poromitra crassa Parin & Ebeling 1980 -- (Kotlyar 1996:275 [ref. 23292], Moore & Paxton 1999:2202 [ref. 24787], Kotlyar 2004:5 [ref. 27590], Kotlyar 2009:720 [ref. 30627], Kotlyar 2010:244 [ref. 30796], Kotlyar 2024:1327 [ref. 41730]). Current status: Valid as Poromitra crassa Parin & Ebeling 1980. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Western tropical Pacific: between 30°N to 5°S; reported from northeastern coast of New Guinea. Habitat: marine.

crassicauda, Melamphaes Koefoed [E.] 1953:17, Pl. 4 (fig. A) [Scientific Results of the Michael Sars North Atlantic Deep-Sea Expedition 1910 v. 4 (pt 2, no. 3); ref. 6486] North Atlantic, 34°59'N, 33°01'W, station 53, 300 meters wire out; 35°36'N, 8°25'W, station 25A, 3000 meters wire out. Syntypes: ZMUB 4345 (?), 4378 (?). Type catalog: Frøiland 1979:148 [ref. 21547]. •Synonym of Melamphaes typhlops (Lowe 1843) -- (Maul 1973:343 [ref. 7171], Maul 1990:615 [ref. 17237], Kotlyar 2004:4 [ref. 27590], Kotlyar 2016:30 [ref. 34170], Kotlyar 2024:1241 [ref. 41727]). Current status: Synonym of Melamphaes typhlops (Lowe 1843). Melamphaidae. Habitat: marine.

crassiceps, Plectromus Bean [T. H.] 1885:73 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 8 (no. 486); ref. 14440] Western North Atlantic, 41°40'30"N, 65°35'00"W, Albatross station 2094, depth 855 fathoms, 39°44'30"N, 71°04'00"W, Albatross station 2106, depth 1022 fathoms. Syntypes: USNM 33378 (1), 33509 (1), 34835 (1); not USNM 33553 (1). Subjectively invalid; secondarily preoccupied by Scopelus crassiceps Günther 1878 when both are placed in same genus; replaced by Melamphaes beanii Günther 1887. •Objective synonym of Scopelogadus beanii (Günther 1887) -- (Ebeling & Weed 1963:15 [ref. 4616], Maul 1973:344 [ref. 7171], Paxton et al. 1989:372 [ref. 12442], Maul 1990:618 [ref. 17237] as crassipes, Kotlyar 2004:6 [ref. 27590], Paxton et al. 2006:749 [ref. 28995], Kotlyar 2019:508[642] [ref. 37920], Kotlyar 2024:1391 [ref. 41746]). 2°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Scopelogadus beanii (Günther 1887). Melamphaidae. Habitat: marine.

crassiceps, Scopelus Günther [A.] 1878:185 [18] [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 5) v. 2 (nos 7/8/9)(art. 2/22/28); ref. 2010] Prince Edward and Crozet islands, Southern Ocean (R/V Challenger station 146), depth 675-1500 fathoms. Lectotype: BMNH 1887.12.7.7. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1887.12.7.6 (1), 1887.12.7.8 (1). On p. 18 of separate. See also Günther 1887:28, Pl. 8 (fig. B) [ref. 2013]. Lectotype designation by Gon et al. 2023:475 [ref. 40678]. •Valid as Poromitra crassiceps (Günther 1878) -- (Maul 1973:345 [ref. 7171], Amaoka in Amaoka et al. 1983:123, 201, 255, 327 [ref. 8379], Maul in Whitehead et al. 1986:761 [ref. 13676], Ebeling 1986:429 [ref. 5651], Scott & Scott 1988:320 [ref. 25518], Paxton et al. 1989:372 [ref. 12442], Pequeño 1989:52 [ref. 14125], McAllister 1990:131 [ref. 14674], Maul 1990:615 [ref. 17237], Gon 1990:219 [ref. 21680] with a holotype, Amaoka in Okamura et al. 1995:147 [ref. 22531], Kotlyar 1996:275 [ref. 23292], Santos et al. 1997:69 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:76 [ref. 24952], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:974 [ref. 23897], Fricke 1999:124 [ref. 24106], Moore & Paxton 1999:2202 [ref. 24787], Nakabo 2000:478 [ref. 25086], Paxton & Moore in Randall & Lim 2000:600 [ref. 25122], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:25 [ref. 25650], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:318 [ref. 25968], Nakabo 2002:478 [ref. 26001], Moore 2003:1163 [ref. 27002], Moore et al. 2003:218 [ref. 27076], Figueiredo in Menezes et al. 2003:69 [ref. 27192], Fedorov et al. 2003:56 [ref. 27579], Kotlyar 2004:5 [ref. 27590], Love et al. 2005:68 [ref. 37547], Mundy 2005:298 [ref. 28379], Duhamel et al. 2005:286 [ref. 32059], Paxton et al. 2006:748 [ref. 28995], Kotlyar 2008:481 [ref. 29813], Bray 2008:410 [ref. 30620], Costa & Mincarone 2010:354 [ref. 37483], Kotlyar 2010:242 [ref. 30796], Møller et al. 2010:48 [ref. 31169], Mincarone et al. 2014:1548 [ref. 33546], Moore 2016:2165 [ref. 34570], Robertson et al. 2017:74 [ref. 35676], Brown et al. 2019:162 [ref. 36444], Burton & Lea 2019:55 [ref. 37205], Carneiro et al. 2019:152 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:243 [ref. 37832], Love et al. 2021:98 [ref. 39279], Gon et al. 2023:474 [ref. 40678], Page et al. 2023:105 [ref. 40505], Kotlyar 2024:1268 [ref. 41730], Victor et al. 2024:77 [ref. 42021]). Current status: Valid as Poromitra crassiceps (Günther 1878). Melamphaidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in Southern Ocean and subantarctic waters. IUCN (2025): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.

cristiceps, Melamphaes Gilbert [C. H.] 1890:60 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 13 (no. 797); ref. 1623] Off Washington, 47°22'N, 125°41'W, U.S.A., Albatross station 3075, depth 859 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 44288. Originally as Melamphaës cristiceps. Parin et al. 2014:199 [ref. 33547] excludes curilensis and rugosa and also crasssiceps.. •Synonym of Poromitra crassiceps (Günther 1878) -- (Maul 1973:345 [ref. 7171], Maul 1990:616 [ref. 17237], Gon 1990:219 [ref. 21680], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:318 [ref. 25968], Kotlyar 2004:5 [ref. 27590]). •Valid as Poromitra cristiceps (Gilbert 1890) -- (Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:110 [ref. 6441], Kotlyar 2009:421 [ref. 30275], Kotlyar 2010:243 [ref. 30796], Parin et al. 2014:199 [ref. 33547], Page et al. 2023:105 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:250 [ref. 41622], Kotlyar 2024:1293 [ref. 41730]). Current status: Valid as Poromitra cristiceps (Gilbert 1890). Melamphaidae. Distribution: North Pacific, including southern Bering Sea. Habitat: marine.

curilensis, Poromitra Kotlyar [A. N.] 2008:555, Fig. 3 [Journal of Ichthyology v. 48 (no. 8); ref. 29825] North Pacific, 53°29'N, 159°52'W, depth 6200 - 0 meters over bottom depth of 6240 meters. Holotype: ZMUU R-22001. Paratypes: ZUMM R-22002 (1), 22003 (1), 22004 (1); IORAS 02654 (1), 02655 (1), 02656 (1). •Valid as Poromitra curilensis Kotlyar 2008 -- (Kotlyar 2010:243 [ref. 30796], Parin et al. 2014:199 [ref. 33547], Kotlyar 2019:357 [432] [ref. 37568], Love et al. 2021:98 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:105 [ref. 40505], Kotlyar 2024:1280 [ref. 41730]). Current status: Valid as Poromitra curilensis Kotlyar 2008. Melamphaidae. Distribution: North Pacific: Japan east to Alaska (U.S.A.); southeastern Pacific Ocean. Habitat: marine.

danae, Melamphaes Ebeling [A. W.] 1962:102, Fig. 37 [Dana Report No. 58; ref. 5896] Sulawesi Sea, 4°03'N, 123°26'E, Dana station D3683, depth about 2500 meters (about 5000 meters wire out) over bottom depth of 4940 meters. Holotype: ZMUC P41119. Paratypes: SIO 56-127 (1), ZMUC P41120-140 (60). Plus additional material. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:59 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Melamphaes danae Ebeling 1962 -- (Ebeling 1986:428 [ref. 5651], Kotlyar 1996:273 [ref. 23292], Moore & Paxton 1999:2202 [ref. 24787], Kotlyar 2004:2 [ref. 27590], Mundy 2005:296 [ref. 28379], Fricke et al. 2011:371 [ref. 31242], Kotlyar 2016:379, 389 [ref. 35038], Fricke et al. 2018:109 [ref. 35805], Fermon et al. 2022:201 [ref. 39448] with question, Kotlyar 2024:1253 [ref. 41727]). Current status: Valid as Melamphaes danae Ebeling 1962. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Tropical Indo-Pacific: bnetween 25°N and 25°S, southeastward to 110°W. Habitat: marine.

decipiens, Poromitra Kotlyar [A. N.] 2008:553, Fig. 1 [Journal of Ichthyology v. 48 (no. 8); ref. 29825] Eastern Indian Ocean, 14°30'S, 88°12'E, depth 1820-1880 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMMU R-22000. •Valid as Poromitra decipiens Kotlyar 2008 -- (Kotlyar 2010:243 [ref. 30796], Kotlyar 2024:1279 [ref. 41730]). Current status: Valid as Poromitra decipiens Kotlyar 2008. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean: East Indian Ridge. Habitat: marine.

ebelingi, Melamphaes Keene [M. J.] 1973:795, Fig. 1 [Copeia 1973 (no. 4); ref. 7570] North Atlantic, 31°45'N, 63°30 [?39]'W, depth 0-310 meters. Holotype: USNM 207408. Paratypes: ISH 2265 (1); CAS-SU 42318 (1); USNM 207409-10 (1, 1), 207416-23 (1 each); YPM 2832 (1). Type catalog: Krefft 1987:83 [ref. 20751]. •Valid as Melamphaes ebelingi Keene 1973 -- (Kotlyar 1996:273 [ref. 23292], Moore 2003:1163 [ref. 27002], Kotlyar 2004:2 [ref. 27590], Kotlyar 2012:247 [ref. 32009], Moore 2016:2165 [ref. 34570], Carneiro et al. 2019:150 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:240 [ref. 37832], Kotlyar 2024:1175 [ref. 41726]). Current status: Valid as Melamphaes ebelingi Keene 1973. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Tropical and warm temperate Atlantic, mostly northern part. Habitat: marine.

eulepis, Melamphaes Ebeling [A. W.] 1962:70, Fig. 27 [Dana Report No. 58; ref. 5896] Off Ghana, 0°31'S, 11°02'W, Dana station D4000, depth about 200 meters (600 meters wire out) over bottom depth of 3760 meters. Holotype: ZMUC P41141. Paratypes: SIO 60-239 (1); ZMUC P412 (1), P41142-151 (10). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:59 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Melamphaes eulepis Ebeling 1962 -- (Ebeling 1986:428 [ref. 5651], Maul 1990:612 [ref. 17237], Kotlyar 1996:273 [ref. 23292], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:969 [ref. 23897], Moore & Paxton 1999:2202 [ref. 24787], Moore 2003:1163 [ref. 27002], Kotlyar 2004:2 [ref. 27590], Fricke et al. 2011:371 [ref. 31242], Kotlyar 2014:640 [ref. 33889], Kotlyar 2016:22 [ref. 34170], Moore 2016:2165 [ref. 34570], Kotlyar 2016:387 [ref. 35038], Sutton et al. 2020:237 [ref. 37832], Afonso et al. 2021:468 [ref. 38384], Eduardo et al. 2022:9 [ref. 39574], Fermon et al. 2022:201 [ref. 39448], Page et al. 2023:104 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:249 [ref. 41622], Kotlyar 2024:1192 [ref. 41727]). Current status: Valid as Melamphaes eulepis Ebeling 1962. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical oceans (including Gulf of Mexico), except for eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

eurous, Melamphaes Kotlyar [A. N.] 2016:28, Fig. 3 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 56 (no. 1); ref. 34170] Station 84, Baikal cruise three, 6°01′N, 100°00′W, trawling depth 0-155 meters. Holotype: ZMMU P-23473. Paratypes: ZMMU. •Valid as Melamphaes eurous Kotlyar 2016 -- (Kotlyar 2016:389 [ref. 35038], Kotlyar 2024:1239 [ref. 41727]). Current status: Valid as Melamphaes eurous Kotlyar 2016. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Equatorial eastern Pacific, depth 0-1300 meters. Habitat: marine.

eurylepis, Melamphaes Holt [E. W. L.] & Byrne [L. W.] 1906:19, Pl. 1 (figs. 1-2) [Fisheries, Ireland, Scientific Investigations 1905, v. 2; ref. 15660] 50 miles west by north of Eagle Island, County Mayo, 54°57'N, 10°05'W, Ireland, depth 0-700 fathoms. Holotype: BMNH 1907.11.1.1. Paratypes: (2). •Synonym of Scopelogadus beanii (Günther 1887) -- (Ebeling & Weed 1963:24 [ref. 4616], Maul 1973:344 [ref. 7171], Kotlyar 2004:7 [ref. 27590], Kotlyar 2019:508[642] [ref. 37920], Kotlyar 2024:1391 [ref. 41746]). Current status: Synonym of Scopelogadus beanii (Günther 1887). Melamphaidae. Habitat: marine.

falsidicus, Melamphaes Kotlyar [A. N.] 2011:573, Fig. 3 [Journal of Ichthyology v. 51 (no. 8); ref. 31579] Northern slope of the Grand Bank, off Newfoundland, northwestern Atlantic, depth about 700 meters. Holotype: ZMMU P-10537. Paratypes: ZMMU P-22664 (1), P-22665 (1). Non-type material: North Atlantic specimens of microps, non Günther 1878 may be variants of this species (p. 573). •Valid as Melamphaes falsidicus Kotlyar 2011 -- (Kotlyar 2012:253 [ref. 32009], Carneiro et al. 2019:150 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:242 [ref. 37832], Kotlyar 2024:1153 [ref. 41726]). Current status: Valid as Melamphaes falsidicus Kotlyar 2011. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Bahamas north to off newfoundland (Canada); North Atlantic: southern Greenland, Iceland; northeastern Atlantic: Azores north to off Scotland (U.K.). Habitat: marine.

frontosus, Melamphaes Garman [S.] 1899:67 [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 24; ref. 1540] Eastern Pacific, 23°16'N, 107°31'W, 852 fathoms, 23°59'N, 108°40'W, 995 fathoms, Albatross stations 3430 and 3431, depth 852-995 fathoms. Syntypes: MCZ 28749-50 (1, 1). •Synonym of Poromitra crassiceps (Günther 1878) -- (Maul 1973:345 [ref. 7171], Maul 1990:616 [ref. 17237], Gon 1990:219 [ref. 21680], Kotlyar 2004:5 [ref. 27590]). •Valid as Poromitra frontosa (Garman 1899) -- (Kotlyar 2009:428 [ref. 30275], Kotlyar 2010:243 [ref. 30796], Page et al. 2023:105 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:250 [ref. 41622], Kotlyar 2024:1301 [ref. 41730], Victor et al. 2024:77 [ref. 42021]). Current status: Valid as Poromitra frontosa (Garman 1899). Melamphaidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Mexico south to Peru, including Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). IUCN (2020): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.

gibbsi, Poromitra Parin [N. V.] & Borodulina [O. D.] 1989:1028 [164], Fig. 1 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 29 (no. 6); ref. 20169] Eastern Pacific, 19°33'S, 81°36'W, depth 0-500 meters. Holotype: ZIN 48804. Paratypes: ZIN 48805-06 (1, 3); ZMMU P-17914-15 (1, 4). Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:74 [ref. 25714]. On p. 164 of English translation. •Valid as Poromitra gibbsi Parin & Borodulina 1989 -- (Kotlyar 1996:275 [ref. 23292], Kotlyar 2004:5 [ref. 27590], Kotlyar 2009:713 [ref. 30627], Kotlyar 2010:244 [ref. 30796], Stewart & Bray 2015:985 [ref. 34276], Kotlyar 2024:1322 [ref. 41730]). Current status: Valid as Poromitra gibbsi Parin & Borodulina 1989. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Southeastern Pacific: equator to 35°S; South America to New Zealand and ?Atlantic: Gulf of Mexico. Habitat: marine.

glochidiata, Poromitra Kotlyar [A. N.] 2008:560, Fig. 5 [Journal of Ichthyology v. 48 (no. 8); ref. 29825] Great Australian Bight, 34°04'S, 128°02'E, depth 1140-1250 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMMU R-22005. •Valid as Poromitra glochidiata Kotlyar 2008 -- (Kotlyar 2010:243 [ref. 30796], Kotlyar 2024:1290 [ref. 41730]). Current status: Valid as Poromitra glochidiata Kotlyar 2008. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Southeastern Indian Ocean: Great Australian Bight (southern Australia). Habitat: marine.

hubbsi, Melamphaes Ebeling [A. W.] 1962:99, Fig. 36 [Dana Report No. 58; ref. 5896] Southeast of St. Helena, 19°16'S, 1°48'W, Dana station D3981, depth 100 meters (300 meters wire out) over bottom depth of 5070 meters. Holotype: ZMUC P41152. Paratypes: (5) ZMUC P41153-55 (3). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:59 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Melamphaes hubbsi Ebeling 1962 -- (Maul 1990:612 [ref. 17237], Kotlyar 1996:273 [ref. 23292], Kotlyar 2004:2 [ref. 27590], Kotlyar 2016:256 [ref. 34507], Kotlyar 2016:389 [ref. 35038], Sutton et al. 2020:239 [ref. 37832], Kotlyar 2024:1251 [ref. 41727]). Current status: Valid as Melamphaes hubbsi Ebeling 1962. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Southern-central Atlantic: central and warm temperate southern Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

inconspicuus, Melamphaes Kotlyar [A. N.] 2015:264, Fig. 3 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 55 (no. 3); ref. 33882] North Atlantic, 31°24'N, 21°24'W, depth 175-196 meters over bottom depth of ca. 5000 meters. Holotype: ZMMU P.23453. Paratypes: ZMMU P.23453 (1), P.23454 (3). •Valid as Melamphaes inconspicuus Kotlyar 2015 -- (Kotlyar 2016:22 [ref. 34170], Moore 2016:2165 [ref. 34570], Kotlyar 2016:388 [ref. 35038], Sutton et al. 2020:238 [ref. 37832], Kotlyar 2024:1202 [ref. 41727], Kotlyar 2025:242 [ref. 42469]). Current status: Valid as Melamphaes inconspicuus Kotlyar 2015. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Atlantic: north to 38°N, south to southeastern Atlantic at 22°S. Habitat: marine.

indicus, Melamphaes Ebeling [A. W.] 1962:85, Fig. 32 [Dana Report No. 58; ref. 5896] Sulawesi Sea [ca. 47 kilometers northwest of Manado, Sulawesi Utara, Indonesia, western Pacific], 1°42'N, 124°29'E, Dana station D3682, depth about 350 meters (1000 meters wire out) over bottom depth of 3660 meters. Holotype: ZMUC P41156. Paratypes: (3) ZMUC P41157-58, plus additional material. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:59 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Melamphaes indicus Ebeling 1962 -- (Pequeño 1989:52 [ref. 14125], Kotlyar 1996:273 [ref. 23292], Kotlyar 2004:2 [ref. 27590], Love et al. 2005:67 [ref. 37547], Mundy 2005:296 [ref. 28379], Fricke et al. 2011:371 [ref. 31242], Kotlyar 2016:24 [ref. 34170], Kotlyar 2016:389 [ref. 35038], Fricke et al. 2018:109 [ref. 35805], Carneiro et al. 2019:150 [ref. 37250], Page et al. 2023:104 [ref. 40505], Kotlyar 2024:1233 [ref. 41727], Fricke et al. 2024:249 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Melamphaes indicus Ebeling 1962. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Indo-Pacific: Madagascar east to Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.); eastern Pacific: southern California (U.S.A.) south to northern Chile. Habitat: marine.

indooceanica, Poromitra Kotlyar [A. N.] 2008:556, Fig. 4 [Journal of Ichthyology v. 48 (no. 8); ref. 29825] Subtropical Indian Ocean, 23°35'S, 100°20'E, depth 1624 meters. Holotype: ZMUM R-20668. Paratypes: ZMMU R-20668 (2); IORAS 02657 (1), 02658 (1), 02659 (1) •Valid as Poromitra indooceanica Kotlyar 2008 -- (Kotlyar 2010:243 [ref. 30796], Fricke et al. 2018:110 [ref. 35805], Kotlyar 2024:1288 [ref. 41730]). Current status: Valid as Poromitra indooceanica Kotlyar 2008. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Southwestern Indian Ocean_ off Madagascar. Habitat: marine.

janae, Melamphaes Ebeling [A. W.] 1962:81, Fig. 30 [Dana Report No. 58; ref. 5896] Eastern tropical Pacific, off Colombia, 4°04'N, 78°43'W, depth 1335 meters over bottom depth of 3810 meters. Holotype: SIO 55-244. Paratypes: SIO 52-355 (1), 55-221 (1), 55-244 (21), 55-246 (1), 55-249 (4); YPM 3745 (1); ZMUC P41159-167 (9); plus additional material. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:59 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Melamphaes janae Ebeling 1962 -- (Kotlyar 1996:273 [ref. 23292], Moore & Paxton 1999:2202 [ref. 24787], Kotlyar 2004:2 [ref. 27590], Mundy 2005:297 [ref. 28379], Iwasaki in Nakaya et at. 2009:231 [ref. 42561], Fricke et al. 2011:371 [ref. 31242], Kotlyar 2015:637 [ref. 34100], Kotlyar 2016:22 [ref. 34170], Kotlyar 2016:252 [ref. 34507], Kotlyar 2016:388 [ref. 35038], Kimura et al. 2019:90 [ref. 37116], Love et al. 2021:97 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:104 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:249 [ref. 41622], Kotlyar 2024:1228 [ref. 41727]). Current status: Valid as Melamphaes janae Ebeling 1962. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Indo-Pacific: East Africa east to Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.), eastern Pacific: southern California (U.S.A.) south to Peru. IUCN (2020): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.

jucunda, Poromitra Kotlyar [A. N.] 2010:239, Fig. 4 [Journal of Ichthyology v. 50 (no. 3); ref. 30796] Southeastern Pacific, 8°53'S, 80°36'W, depth 1000 to 0 meters. Holotype: ZMMU R-22191. Paratypes: IORAS 02754 (1), 02755 (2); ZMMU R-22192 (4), 22193 (10). Plus non-type specimens. •Valid as Poromitra jucunda Kotlyar 2010 -- (Kotlyar 2012:409 [ref. 32474], Love et al. 2021:98 [ref. 39279], Kotlyar 2024:1338 [ref. 41730], Victor et al. 2024:77 [ref. 42021]). Current status: Valid as Poromitra jucunda Kotlyar 2010. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Eastern and central Pacific. IUCN (2020): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.

kobylyanskyi, Melamphaes Kotlyar [A. N.] 2015:265, Fig. 4 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 55 (no. 3); ref. 33882] Walvis Ridge, southeastern Atlantic, 29°28'S, 0°11'E, trawling depth 2000-0 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMMU P-23455. •Valid as Melamphaes kobylyanskyi Kotlyar 2015 -- (Kotlyar 2015:517 [ref. 33995], Kotlyar 2016:22 [ref. 34170], Moore 2016:2165 [ref. 34570], Kotlyar 2016:388 [ref. 35038], Sutton et al. 2020:238 [ref. 37832], Kotlyar 2024:1208 [ref. 41727]). Current status: Valid as Melamphaes kobylyanskyi Kotlyar 2015. Melamphaidae. Distribution: South Atlantic: off northern Argentina, uruguay and southern Brfazil east to Walvis Ridge. Habitat: marine.

kukuevi, Poromitra Kotlyar [A. N.] 2008:562, Fig. 6 [Journal of Ichthyology v. 48 (no. 8); ref. 29825] Western tropical Atlantic, 10°29'S, 27°03'W, depth 480-810 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMMU R-22006 (previously dry). •Valid as Poromitra kukuevi Kotlyar 2008 -- (Kotlyar 2010:243 [ref. 30796], Mincarone et al. 2014:1563 [ref. 33546], Kotlyar 2024:1291 [ref. 41730]). Current status: Valid as Poromitra kukuevi Kotlyar 2008. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Tropical Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

laeviceps, Melamphaes Ebeling [A. W.] 1962:63, Fig. 25 [Dana Report No. 58; ref. 5896] North of the Galápagos Islands, 1°01.5'N, 91°45.7'W, depth 939-1109 meters over botttom at 2288 meters. Holotype: SIO 52-409 [spec. 1]. Paratypes: SIO 52-338 (2), 52-363 (1), 52-409 [spec. 2] (1); CAS-SU 46355 (1); ZMUC P41168-71 (4). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:59 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Melamphaes laeviceps Ebeling 1962 -- (Pequeño 1989:52 [ref. 14125], Kotlyar 1996:273 [ref. 23292], Kotlyar 1999:452 [ref. 24875], Kotlyar 2004:2 [ref. 27590], Love et al. 2005:67 [ref. 37547], Mundy 2005:297 [ref. 28379], Kotlyar 2014:633 [ref. 33889], Kotlyar 2016:252 [ref. 34507], Kotlyar 2016:388 [ref. 35038], Love et al. 2021:97 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:105 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:249 [ref. 41622], Kotlyar 2024:1196 [ref. 41727], Victor et al. 2024:77 [ref. 42021] as Melamphaeus laeviceps). Current status: Valid as Melamphaes laeviceps Ebeling 1962. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Tropical central and eastern Pacific: central California (U.S.A.) south to Chile, including Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). IUCN (2020): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.

lentiginosus, Melamphaes Kotlyar [A. N.] 2015:646, Fig. 3 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 55 (no. 6); ref. 34100] Walvis Ridge, 25°42'S, 2°21'W, 250-0 meters over 1600 meters bottom depth. Holotype: ZMMU P-23466. Paratypes: ZMMU. •Valid as Melamphaes lentiginosus Kotlyar 2015 -- (Kotlyar 2016:22 [ref. 34170], Kotlyar 2016:252 [ref. 34507], Kotlyar 2016:388 [ref. 35038], Sutton et al. 2020:237 [ref. 37832], Kotlyar 2024:1230 [ref. 41727], Kotlyar 2025:242 [ref. 42469]). Current status: Valid as Melamphaes lentiginosus Kotlyar 2015. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Southeastern Atlantic Ocean: mid-Atlantic Ridge, Walvis Ridge. Habitat: marine.

leprus, Melamphaes Ebeling [A. W.] 1962:60, Fig. 24 [Dana Report No. 58; ref. 5896] North of Ascension Island, 3°45'S, 10°00'W, Dana station D3999, depth about 350 meters (1000 meters wire out) over bottom depth of 3719 meters. Holotype: ZMUC P41172. Paratypes: (9) ZMUC P41173-75 (3), plus additional material. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:59 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Melamphaes leprus Ebeling 1962 -- (Maul 1990:612 [ref. 17237], Kotlyar 1996:273 [ref. 23292], Kotlyar 2004:2 [ref. 27590], Kotlyar 2011:578 [ref. 31579], Kotlyar 2012:253 [ref. 32009], Moore 2016:2165 [ref. 34570], Sutton et al. 2020:241 [ref. 37832], Afonso et al. 2021:470 [ref. 38384], Eduardo et al. 2022:9 [ref. 39574], Fermon et al. 2022:201 [ref. 39448], Kotlyar 2024:1162 [ref. 41726], Kotlyar 2025:240 [ref. 42469]). Current status: Valid as Melamphaes leprus Ebeling 1962. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: off northern Brazil; eastern Atlantic: Guinea Bissau south to Gabon, including Cape Verde Islands. Habitat: marine.

longivelis, Melamphaes microps Parr [A. E.] 1933:16, Fig. 6 [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 3 (art. 6); ref. 3373] Off Acklins Island, Bahama, western Atlantic, 22°31'N, 74°26'W, Pawnee station 41,10000 feet wire out. Holotype: YPM 2833. Paratypes: YPM 2834 (1). Type catalog: Moore & Boardman 1991:15-16 [ref. 16741]. •Valid as Melamphaes longivelis Parr 1933 -- (Ebeling 1962:73 [ref. 5896], Maul 1973:343 [ref. 7171], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:111 [ref. 6441], Maul in Whitehead et al. 1986:757 [ref. 13676], Ebeling 1986:428 [ref. 5651], Paxton et al. 1989:371 [ref. 12442], Pequeño 1989:52 [ref. 14125], Maul 1990:613 [ref. 17237], Kotlyar 1996:273 [ref. 23292], Santos et al. 1997:126 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:75 [ref. 24952], Moore & Paxton 1999:2202 [ref. 24787], Nakabo 2000:480 [ref. 25086], Paxton & Moore in Randall & Lim 2000:600 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2002:480 [ref. 26001], Moore 2003:1163 [ref. 27002], Moore et al. 2003:217 [ref. 27076], Kotlyar 2004:3 [ref. 27590], Love et al. 2005:67 [ref. 37547], Paxton et al. 2006:748 [ref. 28995], Bray 2008:410 [ref. 30620], Kotlyar 2015:260 [ref. 33882], Kotlyar 2015:518 [ref. 33995], Kotlyar 2016:22 [ref. 34170], Moore 2016:2165 [ref. 34570], Kotlyar 2016:388 [ref. 35038], Carneiro et al. 2019:150 [ref. 37250], Kimura et al. 2019:90 [ref. 37116], Sutton et al. 2020:238 [ref. 37832], Afonso et al. 2021:471 [ref. 38384], Love et al. 2021:97 [ref. 39279], Eduardo et al. 2022:9 [ref. 39574], Fermon et al. 2022:201 [ref. 39448], Page et al. 2023:105 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:249 [ref. 41622], Kotlyar 2024:1200 [ref. 41727]). Current status: Valid as Melamphaes longivelis Parr 1933. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Atlantic Ocean: between 41°N and 43°S, including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. Habitat: marine.

lugubris, Melamphaes Gilbert [C. H.] 1890:59 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 13 (no. 797); ref. 1623] California coast south of Point Conception, 32°40'30"N, 117°31'30"W, U.S.A., Albatross station 2923, depth 822 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 44287 (poor condition). Non-types: MCZ 28754-55 (2). Originally as Melamphaës lugubris. •Valid as Melamphaes lugubris Gilbert 1890 -- (Ebeling 1962:36 [ref. 5896], Amaoka in Amaoka et al. 1983:253, 326 [ref. 8379], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:111 [ref. 6441], Peden et al. 1985:11 [ref. 24081], Matarese et al. 1989:254 [ref. 26885], McAllister 1990:130 [ref. 14674], Shinohara et al. 1994:77 [ref. 22800], Kotlyar 1996:273 [ref. 23292], Nakabo 2000:480 [ref. 25086], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:24 [ref. 25650], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:319 [ref. 25968], Nakabo 2002:480 [ref. 26001], Fedorov et al. 2003:56 [ref. 27579], Kotlyar 2004:3 [ref. 27590], Love et al. 2005:67 [ref. 37547], Mundy 2005:297 [ref. 28379], Kotlyar 2011:558 [ref. 31578], Kotlyar 2012:253 [ref. 32009], Parin et al. 2014:198 [ref. 33547], Burton & Lea 2019:55 [ref. 37205], Love et al. 2021:97 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:105 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:249 [ref. 41622], Kotlyar 2024:1137 [ref. 41726]). Current status: Valid as Melamphaes lugubris Gilbert 1890. Melamphaidae. Distribution: North Pacific: off Pacific coast of northern Japan and Sea of Okhotsk (Russia) north to southern Bering Sea, then Gulf of Alaska (U.S.A.) south to Pacific coast of central Baja California (Mexico) and west coast of Mexico, including Hawaiian Ridge (U.S.A.). Habitat: marine.

macrocephalus, Melamphaes Parr [A. E.] 1931:41, Fig. 16 [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 2 (art. 4); ref. 3371] Pacific coast off Mexico, 16°14'00"N, 99°36'30"W, 3750 feet wire out over bottom depth of 1800 fathoms. Holotype: YPM 2697. Paratypes: YPM 2698 (now 14), 2699 (now 3), 8040 [ex 2698] (4), 8041 [ex 2699] (2); USNM 92125 (1). Type catalog: Moore & Boardman 1991:15 [ref. 16741]; YPM 8040 and 8041 are also paratypes of M. spinifer. •Valid as Melamphaes macrocephalus Parr 1931 -- (Ebeling 1962:48 [ref. 5896], Pequeño 1989:52 [ref. 14125], Kotlyar 1996:274 [ref. 23292], Love et al. 2005:68 [ref. 37547], Iwasaki in Nakaya et at. 2009:232 [ref. 42561], Kotlyar 2011:576 [ref. 31579], Kotlyar 2012:253 [ref. 32009], Love et al. 2021:98 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:105 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:249 [ref. 41622], Kotlyar 2024:1159 [ref. 41726]). Current status: Valid as Melamphaes macrocephalus Parr 1931. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: California (U.S.A.) (ca 30°N) south to Chile (ca. 23°S), west to 130°W, including southern Gulf of California (Mexico). IUCN (2020): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.

macrophthalmus, Plectromus Gilchrist [J. D. F.] 1903:205, Pl. 13 (fig. 2) [Marine Investigations in South Africa v. 2; ref. 1645] Cape Point Lighthouse, bearing S.83°E. distance of 35.5 miles, South Africa, depth 360 fathoms. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Poromitra megalops (Lütken 1878) -- (Ebeling 1986:429 [ref. 5651], Kotlyar 2004:5 [ref. 27590]). •Valid as Poromitra macrophthalma (Gilchrist 1903) -- (Kotlyar 2010:237 [ref. 30796], Kotlyar 2012:409 [ref. 32474], Fricke et al. 2014:40 [ref. 33932], Stewart & Bray 2015:986 [ref. 34276], Kimura et al. 2019:5 [ref. 37790], Kotlyar 2022:367 [511] [ref. 39953], Kotlyar 2024:1335 [ref. 41730], Kotlyar 2025:245 [ref. 42469]). Current status: Valid as Poromitra macrophthalma (Gilchrist 1903). Melamphaidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical seas. Habitat: marine.

malayanus, Melamphaes Weber [M.] 1913:187 [Die Fische der Siboga-Expedition; ref. 4602] Manipa Strait, 3°20'S, 127°22.9'E, Siboga station 185, depth 1500-1536 m; Banda Sea, 3°32.5'S, 124°15.5'E, station 203, depth 1500-1536 meters. Syntypes: (3) ZMA 112432-33 (1, 1). Type catalog: Nijssen et al. 1982:78 [ref. 19236]. •Synonym of Scopeloberyx robustus (Günther 1887) -- (Kotlyar 2004:6 [ref. 27590], Kotlyar 2004:581 [ref. 27867]). •Valid as Scopeloberyx malayanus (Weber 1913) -- (Kotlyar 2004:725 [ref. 27961] with subspecies, Kotlyar 2005:31 [ref. 28178], Kotlyar 2024:1360 [ref. 41745]). •Valid as Scopeloberyx malayanus subspecies malayanus (Wener 1913) -- (Mundy 2005:299 [ref. 28379], Kotlyar 2024:1360 [ref. 41745]). Current status: Valid as Scopeloberyx malayanus (Weber 1913). Melamphaidae. Distribution: Indo-Pacific. Habitat: marine.

manifestus, Melamphaes Kotlyar [A. N.] 2011:566, Fig. 5 [Journal of Ichthyology v. 51 (no. 8); ref. 31578] Off West Africa, 4°40'N, 12°00'W, depth 780 meters. Holotype: ZMMU P-22661 (84.0 mm SL). Paratypes: ZMMU P-22661 (5). •Valid as Melamphaes manifestus Kotlyar 2011 -- (Kotlyar 2012:253 [ref. 32009], Moore 2016:2165 [ref. 34570], Sutton et al. 2020:241 [ref. 37832], Kotlyar 2024:1145 [ref. 41726]). Current status: Valid as Melamphaes manifestus Kotlyar 2011. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Eastern Atlantic: off Liberia. Habitat: marine.

maxillaris, Melamphaes Garman [S.] 1899:66, Pl. D (fig. 1) [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 24; ref. 1540] Eastern Pacific, 1°07'N, 80°21'W, Albatross station 3398, depth 1573 fathoms. Holotype (unique): MCZ 28751 (poor condition). •Synonym of Scopeloberyx robustus (Günther 1887) -- (Kotlyar 2004:6 [ref. 27590]). •Valid as Scopeloberyx maxillaris (Garman 1899) -- (Kotlyar 2004:590 [ref. 27867], Kotlyar 2005:31 [ref. 28178], Page et al. 2023:105 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:251 [ref. 41622], Kotlyar 2024:1360 [ref. 41745]). Current status: Valid as Scopeloberyx maxillaris (Garman 1899). Melamphaidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: southern California (U.S.A.) south to northern Chile, including southern Gulf of California (Mexico) and Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). IUCN (2020): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.

megalops, Melamphaes Lütken [C. F.] 1878:176 [2], Pl. 5 (figs. 1-3) [Oversigt over det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskabs Forhandlinger og dets Medlemmers Arbeider (Kjøbenhavn) 1877; ref. 17567] South of Azores, northeastern Atlantic (stomach content). Holotype (unique): ZMUC 84. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:60 [ref. 9588]. On p. 2 of separate. •Valid as Poromitra megalops (Lütken 1878) -- (Maul 1973:345 [ref. 7171], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:110 [ref. 6441], Maul in Whitehead et al. 1986:762 [ref. 13676], Ebeling 1986:429 [ref. 5651], Scott & Scott 1988:320 [ref. 25518], Pequeño 1989:52 [ref. 14125], McAllister 1990:131 [ref. 14674], Maul 1990:616 [ref. 17237], Kotlyar 1996:275 [ref. 23292], Santos et al. 1997:69 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:77 [ref. 24952], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:975 [ref. 23897], Fricke 1999:124 [ref. 24106], Porteiro et al. 1999:41 [ref. 24203], Moore & Paxton 1999:2202 [ref. 24787], Nakabo 2000:478 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:478 [ref. 26001], Moore 2003:1163 [ref. 27002], Moore et al. 2003:218 [ref. 27076], Kotlyar 2004:5 [ref. 27590], Love et al. 2005:68 [ref. 37547], Mundy 2005:299 [ref. 28379], Bray 2008:410 [ref. 30620], Kotlyar 2010:231 [ref. 30796] with change in range, Fricke et al. 2011:371 [ref. 31242], Kotlyar 2012:409 [ref. 32474], Moore 2016:2165 [ref. 34570], Carneiro et al. 2019:152 [ref. 37250], Reiner 2019:141 [ref. 38139], Sutton et al. 2020:243 [ref. 37832], Afonso et al. 2021:473 [ref. 38384], Eduardo et al. 2022:9 [ref. 39574], Fermon et al. 2022:202 [ref. 39448], Page et al. 2023:105 [ref. 40505], Reading & Horton 2023:15 [ref. 41317], Fricke et al. 2024:250 [ref. 41622], Kotlyar 2024:1329 [ref. 41730], Kotlyar 2025:245 [ref. 42469]). Current status: Valid as Poromitra megalops (Lütken 1878). Melamphaidae. Distribution: Atlantic Ocean. Habitat: marine.

microlepis, Melamphaes Norman [J. R.] 1937:87 [B. A. N. Z. Antarctic research expedition 1929-1931 v. 1 (pt 2); ref. 15294] Off Tasmania, Australia, 44°11'S, 143°46'E, depth 1717-0 meters. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1937.9.21.200. •Valid as Scopeloberyx microlepis (Norman 1937) -- (Ebeling 1986:430 [ref. 5651], Paxton et al. 1989:372 [ref. 12442], Pequeño 1989:52 [ref. 14125], Kotlyar 1996:276 [ref. 23292], Kotlyar 2004:6 [ref. 27590], Kotlyar 2004:581 [ref. 27867], Kotlyar 2005:27 [ref. 28178], Paxton et al. 2006:748 [ref. 28995], Bray 2008:410 [ref. 30620], Stewart & Bray 2015:988 [ref. 34276], Fricke et al. 2024:251 [ref. 41622], Kotlyar 2024:1382 [ref. 41745], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2025:suppl. Tab. 1, p. 17 [ref. 42574]). Current status: Valid as Scopeloberyx microlepis (Norman 1937). Melamphaidae. Distribution: Southern circumglobal and tropical eastern Pacific. IUCN (2020): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.

microps, Scopelus Günther [A.] 1878:186 [19] [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 5) v. 2 (nos 7/8/9)(art. 2/22/28); ref. 2010] Between Cape of Good Hope and Kerguelen Island, 46°46'S, 45°31'E, Challenger station 146, depth 1375 fathoms. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1887.12.7.5. On p. 19 of separate. See also Günther 1887:26 [ref. 2013]. See Kotlyar 2011:566 [ref. 31578] for discussion of separate species represented in this complex., •Valid as Melamphaes microps (Günther 1878) -- (Ebeling 1962:32 [ref. 5896], Maul 1973:343 [ref. 7171], Maul in Whitehead et al. 1986:758 [ref. 13676], Ebeling 1986:428 [ref. 5651], Scott & Scott 1988:319 [ref. 25518], Pequeño 1989:52 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:157 [ref. 24556], McAllister 1990:130 [ref. 14674], Gon 1990:218 [ref. 21680], Kotlyar 1996:274 [ref. 23292], Santos et al. 1997:126 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:76 [ref. 24952], Trunov 1999:465 [ref. 24579], Moore et al. 2003:217 [ref. 27076], Kotlyar 2004:3 [ref. 27590], Duhamel et al. 2005:284 [ref. 32059], Møller et al. 2010:48 [ref. 31169], Kotlyar 2011:564 [ref. 31578], Kotlyar 2012:253 [ref. 32009], Stewart & Bray 2015:980 [ref. 34276], Moore 2016:2165 [ref. 34570], Carneiro et al. 2019:150 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:240 [ref. 37832], Bañón & Maño 2021:63 [ref. 38883], Page et al. 2023:105 [ref. 40505], Reading & Horton 2023:15 [ref. 41317], Fricke et al. 2024:250 [ref. 41622], Kotlyar 2024:1143 [ref. 41726]). Current status: Valid as Melamphaes microps (Günther 1878). Melamphaidae. Distribution: North Atlantic between 30°N and 64°N; South Atlantic between 27°S and 46°S (off southwest tip of Africa); southern Indian Ocean, western South Pacific off New Zealand, southeastern Pacific [but possibly only the southern Indian Ocean and the southeastern Atlantic on ref. 31578]. Habitat: marine.

mizolepis, Scopelus Günther [A.] 1878:185 [18] [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 5) v. 2 (nos 7/8/9)(art. 2/22/28); ref. 2010] South of New Guinea off Aru Island; Molucca Islands, Indonesia, Arafura Sea, western Pacific, 5°41'S, 134°04'30"E, Challenger station 191, depth 800 fathoms. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1887.12.7.9. On p. 18 of separate. See also Günther 1887:28 [ref. 2013]. •Valid as Scopelus mizolepis (Günther 1878), subspecies mizolepis (Günther 1878) -- (Moore & Paxton 1999:2202 [ref. 24787], Nakabo 2000:477 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:477 [ref. 26001], Moore 2003:1163 [ref. 27002], Moore et al. 2003:218 [ref. 27076], Kotlyar 2004:7 [ref. 27590], Bray 2008:411 [ref. 30620], Fricke et al. 2011:371 [ref. 31242], Mincarone et al. 2014:1554 [ref. 33546], Kimura et al. 2019:6 [ref. 37790], Reiner 2019:141 [ref. 38139]). •Valid as Scopelogadus mizolepis (Günther 1878) -- (Ebeling & Weed 1963:15 [ref. 4616], Yamakawa in Okamura et al. 1982:201, 363 [ref. 8256], Uyeno & Sato in Uyeno et al. 1983:278 [ref. 14275], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:110 [ref. 6441], Ebeling 1986:431 [ref. 5651], Peden & Jamieson 1988:492 [ref. 12864], Paxton et al. 1989:372 [ref. 12442], Pequeño 1989:53 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:156 [ref. 24556], McAllister 1990:131 [ref. 14674], Maul 1990:618 [ref. 17237], Kotlyar 1996:276 [ref. 23292], Santos et al. 1997:70 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:77 [ref. 24952], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:979 [ref. 23897], Porteiro et al. 1999:14 [ref. 24203], Paxton & Moore in Randall & Lim 2000:600 [ref. 25122], Hutchins 2001:25 [ref. 25847], Love et al. 2005:68 [ref. 37547], Mundy 2005:300 [ref. 28379], Paxton et al. 2006:749 [ref. 28995], Iwasaki in Nakaya et at. 2009:234 [ref. 42561], Costa & Mincarone 2010:354 [ref. 37483], Stewart & Bray 2015:990 [ref. 34276], Moore 2016:2165 [ref. 34570], Brown et al. 2019:162 [ref. 36444], Carneiro et al. 2019:153 [ref. 37250], Kotlyar 2020:3 [1] [ref. 38110], Sutton et al. 2020:246 [ref. 37832], Afonso et al. 2021:477 [ref. 38384], Kotlyar 2021:10 [ref. 38100], Kotlyar 2021:807 [ref. 38954], Eduardo et al. 2022:9 [ref. 39574], Fermon et al. 2022:202 [ref. 39448], Grove et al. 2022:17 [ref. 41326], Page et al. 2023:105 [ref. 40505], Reading & Horton 2023:15 [ref. 41317], Fricke et al. 2024:252 [ref. 41622], Kotlyar 2024:1400 [ref. 41746], Kotlyar 2025:246 [ref. 42469], Su & Ho 2025:586 [ref. 42506]). Current status: Valid as Scopelogadus mizolepis (Günther 1878). Melamphaidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical oceans (including Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea and South China Sea), but in eastern Pacific only at Galapagos Islands (Ecuador) and Peru to Chile. IUCN (2015): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.

multilamellatus, Scopelogadus Kotlyar [A. N.] 2021:623 [797], Fig. 1 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 61 (no. 6); ref. 38954] Indian Ocean, trawler "Vityaz" Sta. 4953, 7°39'N, 90°34'E, depth 2,304 - 2,799 meters. Holotype: ZMMU 23879. Paratypes: IOM, ZMMU. •Valid as Scopelogadus multilamellatus Kotlyar 2021 -- (Kotlyar 2024:1419 [ref. 41746]). Current status: Valid as Scopelogadus multilamellatus Kotlyar 2021. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Northern Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine.

nigrescens, Melamphaes Brauer [A.] 1906:283, Pl. 13 (fig. 4) [Die Tiefsee-Fische v. 15; ref. 632] Gulf of Guinea; off southwestern Africa; northeastern New Amsterdam; northern Cocos Islands, Bengal Bay; Chagos, between Seychelles to Zanzibar (Tanzania). Syntypes: (25, 2 damaged) SMF 2080 (1); ZMB 17666 (3), 17668 (2), 22390 (1); ZMH 8236 (1). Type catalog: Wilkens & Dohse 1993:416 [ref. 21161]. If recognized as valid from the Atlantic only, then a lectotype is needed. •Valid as Scopeloberyx nigrescens (Brauer 1906) -- (Moore 2003:1163 [ref. 27002], Moore 2016:2165 [ref. 34570]). •Synonym of Scopeloberyx robustus (Günther 1887) -- (Maul 1973:346 [ref. 7171] with question, Maul in Whitehead et al. 1986:763 [ref. 13676], Maul 1990:617 [ref. 17237], Santos et al. 1997:70 [ref. 23531], Kotlyar 2004:6 [ref. 27590], Kotlyar 2004:582 [ref. 27867], Kotlyar 2024:1354 [ref. 41745], Su & Ho 2025:585 [ref. 42506]). Current status: Synonym of Scopeloberyx robustus (Günther 1887). Melamphaidae. Habitat: marine.

nigriceps, Poromitrella Zugmayer [E.] 1911:7 [Bulletin de l'Institut Océanographique (Monaco) No. 193; ref. 6161] Off Azores, northeastern Atlantic, 37°04'N, 28°39'W, Princesse Alice station 2244, depth 0-3000 meters. Syntypes: (2) MOM 0091-0728 (1). Type catalog: Belloc 1949:12 [ref. 21544]. Species illustrated and described in more detail in Zugmayer 1911:100, Pl. 5 (fig. 2) [ref. 4846]. •Synonym of Poromitra crassiceps (Günther 1878) -- (Maul 1973:345 [ref. 7171], Gon 1990:219 [ref. 21680], Kotlyar 2004:5 [ref. 27590]). •Valid as Poromitra nigriceps (Zugmayer 1911) -- (Kotlyar 2009:430 [ref. 30275], Kotlyar 2010:243 [ref. 30796], Carneiro et al. 2019:152 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:244 [ref. 37832], Kotlyar 2024:1303 [ref. 41730]). Current status: Valid as Poromitra nigriceps (Zugmayer 1911). Melamphaidae. Distribution: North Atlantic: Greenland south to Azores. Habitat: marine.

nigrofulvus, Melamphaes Garman [S.] 1899:64, Pls. D (fig. 2), 72 (fig. 2) [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 24; ref. 1540] Southern Gulf of Panama, 6°21'N, 80°41'W, Albatross station 3382, depth 1793 fathoms. Holotype (unique): MCZ 28753. •Synonym of Poromitra crassiceps (Günther 1878) -- (Maul 1973:345 [ref. 7171] as nigrifulvus, Maul in Whitehead et al. 1986:761 [ref. 13676], Maul 1990:616 [ref. 17237] as nigrifulvus, Gon 1990:219 [ref. 21680], Kotlyar 2004:5 [ref. 27590]). •Valid as Poromitra nigrofulva (Garman 1899) -- (Kotlyar 2009:426 [ref. 30275], Kotlyar 2010:243 [ref. 30796], Kotlyar 2024:1300 [ref. 41730], Victor et al. 2024:77 [ref. 42021]). Current status: Valid as Poromitra nigrofulva (Garman 1899). Melamphaidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific, Panama south to Ecuador, including Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). IUCN (2020): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.

nikolayi, Melamphaes Kotlyar [A. N.] 2012:251, Fig. 4 [Journal of Ichthyology v. 52 (no. 4); ref. 32009] Subtropical Northwestern Pacific, 29°20'N, 142°41'E, trawling depth 1000 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMMU 22672. •Valid as Melamphaes nikolayi Kotlyar 2012 -- (Kotlyar 2024:1180 [ref. 41726]). Current status: Valid as Melamphaes nikolayi Kotlyar 2012. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Subtropical Northwestern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

nordenskjoldii, Melamphaes (Plectromus) Lönnberg [E.] 1905:765 [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 28 (no. 23); ref. 15369] Northeast of Falkland Islands, 49°56'S, 49°56'W, open net at depths to 2700 meters. Holotype (unique): NRM 11099 [SYD/1902381.4106]. Originally as nordenskjöldii for Otto Nordenskjöld. Also appeared in Lönnberg 1905:58 [ref. 2839] as Melamphaës (Plectromus) nordenskjöldii with different locality. The record of this species from the North Pacific (Moss 1962 [ref. 3047]) is in error according to Kotlyar 2004:7 [ref. 27590]. •Valid as Melamphaes nordenskjoldii Lönnberg 1905 -- (Pequeño 1989:52 [ref. 14125] as mordenskjoeldii). •Valid as Sio nordenskjoldii (Lönnberg 1905) -- (Ebeling 1986:431 [ref. 5651], Paxton et al. 1989:372 [ref. 12442], Paulin et al. 1989:156 [ref. 24556], Gon 1990:220 [ref. 21680] as nordenskjöldii, Kotlyar 1996:27 [ref. 23292] as nordenskjoldii, Trunov 1999:465 [ref. 24579], Moore & Paxton 1999:2202 [ref. 24787], Kotlyar 2002:32 [ref. 25959], Kotlyar 2004:7 [ref. 27590], Mundy 2005:300 [ref. 28379], Duhamel et al. 2005:288 [ref. 32059], Paxton et al. 2006:749 [ref. 28995], Bray 2008:412 [ref. 30620], Mincarone et al. 2014:1548 [ref. 33546], Stewart & Bray 2015:991 [ref. 34276], Nión et al. 2016:43 [ref. 35565], Sutton et al. 2020:235 [ref. 37832], Kotlyar 2024:1431 [ref. 41731]). Current status: Valid as Sio nordenskjoldii (Lönnberg 1905). Melamphaidae. Distribution: Southern circumglobal. Habitat: marine.

nycterinus, Melamphaes Gilbert [C. H.] 1915:326, Pl. 16 (fig. 6) [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 48 (no. 2075); ref. 1632] Off Santa Catalina Island, southern California, U.S.A., 32°54'20"N, 121°11'15"W, Albatross station 4393, depth 2113-2259 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 75810. •Synonym of Scopeloberyx robustus (Günther 1887) -- (Maul in Whitehead et al. 1986:763 [ref. 13676], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:320 [ref. 25968], Kotlyar 2004:6 [ref. 27590], Su & Ho 2025:580 [ref. 42506]). •Synonym of Scopeloberyx maxillaris (Garman 1899) -- (Kotlyar 2004:590 [ref. 27867], Kotlyar 2024:1360 [ref. 41745]). Current status: Synonym of Scopeloberyx maxillaris (Garman 1899). Melamphaidae. Habitat: marine.

occlusus, Melamphaes Kotlyar [A. N.] 2012:249, Fig. 3 [Journal of Ichthyology v. 52 (no. 4); ref. 32009] Madagascar Ridge, 33°06'S, 45°28'E, southwestern Indian Ocean, bottom trawling depth 1500-1610 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMMU P-22671. One additional record questionably included. •Valid as Melamphaes occlusus Kotlyar 2012 -- (Kotlyar 2024:1178 [ref. 41726]). Current status: Valid as Melamphaes occlusus Kotlyar 2012. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Subtropical southwestern Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine.

opercularis, Scopeloberyx Zugmayer [E.] 1911:8 [Bulletin de l'Institut Océanographique (Monaco) No. 193; ref. 6161] Off Portugal, 36°07'N, 10°18'W, Princesse Alice station 3036, depth 0-4740 meters. Holotype (unique): MOM 0091-1179. Type catalog: Belloc 1949:12 [ref. 21544]. Species illustrated and described in more detail in Zugmayer 1911:103, Pl. 5 (fig. 6) [ref. 4846]. •Synonym of Scopeloberyx robustus (Günther 1887) -- (Maul 1973:346 [ref. 7171] with question, Maul in Whitehead et al. 1986:763 [ref. 13676], Maul 1990:617 [ref. 17237], Kotlyar 2004:6 [ref. 27590], Kotlyar 2004:582 [ref. 27867], Mincarone et al. 2014:1554 [ref. 33546]). •Valid as Scopeloberyx opercularis Zugmayer 1911 -- (Moore 2003:1163 [ref. 27002], Moore 2016:2165 [ref. 34570], Afonso et al. 2021:475 [ref. 38384], Eduardo et al. 2022:9 [ref. 39574], Kotlyar 2024:1352 [ref. 41745]). Current status: Valid as Scopeloberyx opercularis Zugmayer 1911. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Tropical Atlantic, including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. Habitat: marine.

opisthopterus, Melamphaes Parr [A. E.] 1933:18, Fig. 7 [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 3 (art. 6); ref. 3373] Off Cat Island, Bahamas, western Atlantic, 24°29'N, 75°53'W, 7000 feet wire out. Holotype: YPM 2816. Paratypes: BMNH 1937.6.1.1-3 (3); YPM 2814-15 (3, 1), 2817-24 (5, 1, 3, 1, 5, 2, 2, 35). Type catalog: Moore & Boardman 1991:16 [ref. 16741]. •Valid as Scopeloberyx opisthopterus (Parr 1933) -- (Maul 1973:346 [ref. 7171], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:111 [ref. 6441], Maul in Whitehead et al. 1986:763 [ref. 13676], Ebeling 1986:430 [ref. 5651], Scott & Scott 1988:321 [ref. 25518], Pequeño 1989:52 [ref. 14125], McAllister 1990:131 [ref. 14674], Maul 1990:617 [ref. 17237], Kotlyar 1996:276 [ref. 23292], Santos et al. 1997:70 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:77 [ref. 24952], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:976 [ref. 23897], Porteiro et al. 1999:41 [ref. 24203], Moore & Paxton 1999:2202 [ref. 24787], Nakabo 2000:479 [ref. 25086], Paxton & Moore in Randall & Lim 2000:600 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2002:479 [ref. 26001], Moore 2003:1163 [ref. 27002], Moore et al. 2003:218 [ref. 27076], Kotlyar 2004:6 [ref. 27590], Kotlyar 2004:581 [ref. 27867], Kotlyar 2005:21 [ref. 28178], Mundy 2005:299 [ref. 28379], Fricke et al. 2011:371 [ref. 31242], Moore 2016:2165 [ref. 34570], Carneiro et al. 2019:152 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:245 [ref. 37832], Afonso et al. 2021:476 [ref. 38384], Love et al. 2021:98 [ref. 39279], Eduardo et al. 2022:9 [ref. 39574], Fermon et al. 2022:202 [ref. 39448] possible, Page et al. 2023:105 [ref. 40505], Reading & Horton 2023:15 [ref. 41317], Fricke et al. 2024:251 [ref. 41622], Kotlyar 2024:1376 [ref. 41745], Victor et al. 2024:77 [ref. 42021], Kotlyar 2025:246 [ref. 42469]). Current status: Valid as Scopeloberyx opisthopterus (Parr 1933). Melamphaidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical through temperate seas. IUCN (2017): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.

oscitans, Poromitra Ebeling [A. W.] 1975:308, Fig. 1 [Copeia 1975 (no. 2); ref. 7105] Eastern Banda Sea, Indonesia, western Pacific, 5°28'S, 130°39'E, Dana station 3677(1), 0-5000 meters wire out. Holotype: ZMUC P41270 [? P41120]. Paratypes: IOM (1 lot), SIO (22 lots), USNM 168193 (1), ZMUC (14 lots). •Valid as Poromitra oscitans Ebeling 1975 -- (Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:110 [ref. 6441], Ebeling 1986:430 [ref. 5651], Paulin et al. 1989:156 [ref. 24556], Kotlyar 1996:275 [ref. 23292], Moore & Paxton 1999:2202 [ref. 24787], Nakabo 2000:478 [ref. 25086], Paxton & Moore in Randall & Lim 2000:600 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2002:477 [ref. 26001], Kotlyar 2004:5 [ref. 27590], Love et al. 2005:68 [ref. 37547], Mundy 2005:299 [ref. 28379], Kotlyar 2009:567 [ref. 30590], Kotlyar 2010:243 [ref. 30796], Stewart & Bray 2015:987 [ref. 34276], Fourriére et al. 2016:457 [ref. 34668], Love et al. 2021:98 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:105 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:251 [ref. 41622], Kotlyar 2024:1310 [ref. 41730], Victor et al. 2024:77 [ref. 42021]). Current status: Valid as Poromitra oscitans Ebeling 1975. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Indo-Pacific: East Africa east to Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.), north to Ogasawara Islands, waifs in New Zealand region; eastern Pacific: California (U.S.A.) south to Peru. IUCN (2020): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.

pachystomus, Melamphaes Kotlyar [A. N.] 2011:575, Fig. 4 [Journal of Ichthyology v. 51 (no. 8); ref. 31579] Off northern Peru, southeastern Pacific Ocean, 7°51'S, 80°57'W, depth 900-1000 meters. Holotype: ZMMU P-22666 (62.0 mm SL). Paratypes: ZMMU P-22666 (2). Non-types: Parin et al. 1990 specimen doubtfully included. •Valid as Melamphaes pachystomus Kotlyar 2011 -- (Kotlyar 2012:253 [ref. 32009], Kotlyar 2016:238 [319] [ref. 38816], Fricke et al. 2024:250 [ref. 41622], Kotlyar 2024:1157 [ref. 41726], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2025:suppl. Tab. 1, p. 16 [ref. 42574]). Current status: Valid as Melamphaes pachystomus Kotlyar 2011. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Northeastern Pacific Ocean: off Baja California (Mexico); southeastern Pacific Ocean: off Peru. IUCN (2020): Data Deficient. Habitat: marine.

papavereus, Melamphaes Kotlyar [A. N.] 2016:251, Fig. 1 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 56 (no. 3); ref. 34507] Bay of Bengal, Indian Ocean, 12°59'N, 82°25'E, depth 1000-0 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMMU P-23866. •Valid as Melamphaes papavereus Kotlyar 2016 -- (Kotlyar 2016:389 [ref. 35038], Kotlyar 2024:1243 [ref. 41727]). Current status: Valid as Melamphaes papavereus Kotlyar 2016. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Northeastern Indian Ocean: Bay of Bengal (India). Habitat: marine.

parini, Melamphaes Kotlyar [A. N.] 1999:456 [428], Fig. 4b [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 39 (no. 4); ref. 24875] Okhotsk Sea, 48°59'N, 152°00'E, depth 1000-50 meters. Holotype (unique): ZIN 47771. On p. 428 of English translation. •Valid as Melamphaes parini Kotlyar 1999 -- (Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:25 [ref. 25650], Kotlyar 2004:3 [ref. 27590], Kotlyar 2012:142 [ref. 31963], Kotlyar 2012:254 [ref. 32009], Parin et al. 2014:199 [ref. 33547], Kotlyar 2024:1170 [ref. 41726]). Current status: Valid as Melamphaes parini Kotlyar 1999. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Temperate North Pacific: Sea of Okhotsk and northeastern Pacific, south to off Baja California (Mexico). Habitat: marine.

parvus, Melamphaes Ebeling [A. W.] 1962:77, Fig. 29 [Dana Report No. 58; ref. 5896] Off Mexico, southeast of Guadalupe Island, 28°37'N, 118°13'W, depth 0-860 meters over bottom depth of more than 1830 meters. Holotype: SIO 57-216. Paratypes: SIO 51-354, -377 (2, 1), 53-305A (1), 54-100, -102 (3, 1); UW 14519 (1), 14521 (1), 14523-25 (1, 2, 1), 14532 (1), 14534-35 (1, 3), 14537-38 (2, 1), 14541 (3), 14543 (1), 14545-46 (3, 3), 14548 (1). •Valid as Melamphaes parvus Ebeling 1962 -- (Kotlyar 1996:274 [ref. 23292], Kotlyar 2004:3 [ref. 27590], Love et al. 2005:68 [ref. 37547], Kotlyar 2015:636 [ref. 34100], Kotlyar 2016:22 [ref. 34170], Kotlyar 2016:252 [ref. 34507], Kotlyar 2016:388 [ref. 35038], Kimura et al. 2019:90 [ref. 37116], Love et al. 2021:98 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:105 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:250 [ref. 41622], Kotlyar 2024:1220 [ref. 41727]). Current status: Valid as Melamphaes parvus Ebeling 1962. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Northeastern Pacific: Northern California (U.S.A.) south to Pacific coast of Baja California (Mexico), west to about 145°W. Habitat: marine.

pequenoi, Scopeloberyx Kotlyar [A. N.] 2004:735, Fig. 5 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 44 (no. 6); ref. 27961] Eastern Pacific, 21°43'S, 81°04'W, depth 900-920 meters over 1270-1200 meters. Holotype: ION 02224. Paratypes: ION 02229 (1), 02230 (1), 02496 (2); ZMMUG P-21137 (1). •Valid as Scopeloberyx pequenoi Kotlyar 2004 -- (Kotlyar 2005:31 [ref. 28178], Fricke et al. 2024:251 [ref. 41622], Kotlyar 2024:1373 [ref. 41745]). Current status: Valid as Scopeloberyx pequenoi Kotlyar 2004. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: off Mexico south to off northern Chile. Habitat: marine.

perplexus, Scopelogadus Kotlyar [A. N.] 2021:15, Fig. 3 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 61 (no. 1); ref. 38100] Western Pacific, trawler "Vityaz", 3°19'N, 173°14'W, depth 5349 - 5380 meters. Holotype: ZMMU R-23877. Paratypes: ZMMU R-23878 (2). •Valid as Scopelogadus perplexus Kotlyar 2021 -- (Kotlyar 2021:807 [ref. 38954], Fricke et al. 2024:252 [ref. 41622], Kotlyar 2024:1416 [ref. 41746]). Current status: Valid as Scopelogadus perplexus Kotlyar 2021. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Western and central Pacific. Habitat: marine.

polylepis, Melamphaes Ebeling [A. W.] 1962:43, Fig. 20 [Dana Report No. 58; ref. 5896] South of Sri Lanka, 5°21'N, 80°38'E, Dana station D3909, depth about 2250 meters (4500 meters wire out) over bottom depth of 4120 meters. Holotype: ZMUC P41178. Paratypes: ZMA 100442 (1), ZMUC P41179-81 (3). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:60 [ref. 9588], Nijssen et al. 1982:78 [ref. 19236]. •Valid as Melamphaes polylepis Ebeling 1962 -- (Amaoka in Amaoka et al. 1983:253, 326 [ref. 8379], Uyeno & Sato in Uyeno et al. 1983:277 [ref. 14275], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:111 [ref. 6441], Pequeño 1989:52 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:157 [ref. 24556], Maul 1990:613 [ref. 17237], Kotlyar 1996:274 [ref. 23292], Shinohara et al. 1996:173 [ref. 26605], Moore & Paxton 1999:2202 [ref. 24787], Nakabo 2000:480 [ref. 25086], Paxton & Moore in Randall & Lim 2000:600 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2002:480 [ref. 26001], Moore 2003:1163 [ref. 27002], Kotlyar 2004:3 [ref. 27590], Mundy 2005:298 [ref. 28379], Fricke et al. 2011:371 [ref. 31242], Kotlyar 2011:560 [ref. 31578], Kotlyar 2011:569 [ref. 31579], Kotlyar 2012:253 [ref. 32009], Mincarone et al. 2014:1548 [ref. 33546], Stewart & Bray 2015:981 [ref. 34276], Moore 2016:2165 [ref. 34570], Carneiro et al. 2019:151 [ref. 37250], Kimura et al. 2019:5 [ref. 37790], Sutton et al. 2020:241 [ref. 37832], Afonso et al. 2021:471 [ref. 38384], Eduardo et al. 2022:9 [ref. 39574], Fermon et al. 2022:201 [ref. 39448], Page et al. 2023:105 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:250 [ref. 41622], Kotlyar 2024:1148 [ref. 41726], Kotlyar 2025:241 [ref. 42469]). Current status: Valid as Melamphaes polylepis Ebeling 1962. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and subtropical seas; Atlantic between the equator and 20°N, Indian Ocean between 15°N and 15°S, Pacific between 34°N and 31°S east to off Mexico; northern central Pacific: Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine.

proximus, Melamphaes Kotlyar [A. N.] 2015:509, Fig. 1 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 55 (no. 5); ref. 33995] Indian Ocean and western Pacific, 30°50'S, 93°08'E, depth 1162 meters. Holotype: ZMMU P-17331. Paratypes: IORAS, ZMMU. •Valid as Melamphaes proximus Kotlyar 2015 -- (Kotlyar 2016:22 [ref. 34170], Kotlyar 2016:388 [ref. 35038], Kotlyar 2024:1213 [ref. 41727]). Current status: Valid as Melamphaes proximus Kotlyar 2015. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Indian Ocean and western Pacific. Habitat: marine.

pumilus, Melamphaes Ebeling [A. W.] 1962:106, Fig. 40 [Dana Report No. 58; ref. 5896] Off Bermuda, 32°12'N, 64°36'W, depth 1829 meters over bottom depth of 2380 meters. Holotype: CAS-SU 42838 [ex NYZS 12988]. Paratypes: BMNH 1931.12.18.2 (1); FMNH 49666-67 (1, 2), 49722-23 (12, 4), 49725 (11), 49728 (1); CAS-SU (now 14, 12 lots); YPM 2830 (14), 2831 (1); ZMUC P41182-203 (74); plus additional material. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:60 [ref. 9588], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:55 [ref. 12367], Moore & Boardman 1991:16 [ref. 16741]. •Valid as Melamphaes pumilus Ebeling 1962 -- (Maul 1990:613 [ref. 17237], Kotlyar 1996:274 [ref. 23292], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:970 [ref. 23897], Moore 2003:1163 [ref. 27002], Moore et al. 2003:217 [ref. 27076], Kotlyar 2004:4 [ref. 27590], Moore 2016:2165 [ref. 34570], Kotlyar 2016:385, 389 [ref. 35038] as pumilis, Carneiro et al. 2019:151 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:239 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:201 [ref. 39448] with question, Page et al. 2023:105 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:250 [ref. 41622], Kotlyar 2024:1258 [ref. 41727], Kotlyar 2025:245 [ref. 42469]). Current status: Valid as Melamphaes pumilus Ebeling 1962. Melamphaidae. Distribution: North Atlantic: between 10°N to 40°N and 25°W to 30°W, including Gulf 0of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. Habitat: marine.

robustus, Melamphaes Günther [A.] 1887:29 [Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger v. 22 (pt 57); ref. 2013] Mid-Atlantic, southwest of Sierra Leone, Challenger station 106, depth 1850 fathoms. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1887.12.7.10. •Valid as Scopeloberyx robustus (Günther 1887) -- (Maul 1973:346 [ref. 7171], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:110 [ref. 6441], Maul in Whitehead et al. 1986:763 [ref. 13676], Ebeling 1986:430 [ref. 5651], Pequeño 1989:53 [ref. 14125], Maul 1990:617 [ref. 17237], Kotlyar 1996:276 [ref. 23292], Santos et al. 1997:70 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:77 [ref. 24952], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:977 [ref. 23897], Parin & Kotlyar 1998:558 [ref. 24683], Moore & Paxton 1999:2202 [ref. 24787], Nakabo 2000:479 [ref. 25086], Paxton & Moore in Randall & Lim 2000:600 [ref. 25122], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:25 [ref. 25650], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:320 [ref. 25968], Shinohara et al. 2001:310 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:479 [ref. 26001], Moore 2003:1163 [ref. 27002], Moore et al. 2003:218 [ref. 27076], Kotlyar 2004:6 [ref. 27590], Savinykh & Tuponogov 2004:138 [ref. 27628], Kotlyar 2004:582 [ref. 27867], Kotlyar 2005:31 [ref. 28178], Love et al. 2005:68 [ref. 37547], Mundy 2005:300 [ref. 28379], Shinohara et al. 2005:421 [ref. 28370], Møller et al. 2010:48 [ref. 31169], Fricke et al. 2011:371 [ref. 31242], Mincarone et al. 2014:1553 [ref. 33546], Afonso et al. 2016:39, 274 [ref. 36199], Fourriére et al. 2016:457 [ref. 34668], Moore 2016:2165 [ref. 34570], Carneiro et al. 2019:152 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:245 [ref. 37832], Love et al. 2021:99 [ref. 39279], Fermon et al. 2022:202 [ref. 39448], Page et al. 2023:105 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:251 [ref. 41622], Kotlyar 2024:1354 [ref. 41745], Victor et al. 2024:77 [ref. 42021], Kotlyar 2025:245 [ref. 42469], Su & Ho 2025:584 [ref. 42506]). Current status: Valid as Scopeloberyx robustus (Günther 1887). Melamphaidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical through cold temperate seas. IUCN (2015): Data Deficient. Habitat: marine.

rossicus, Scopeloberyx Kotlyar [A. N.] 2004:591, Fig. 5 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 44 (no. 5); ref. 27867] North Pacific, 44°27'N, 140°06'E, depth 3940-1870 meters. Holotype: ZMMGU P-21131. Paratypes: ION 02435-36 (1, 3); ZIN 49085 (1), 49452-53 (1, 1); ZMMGU P-21132-33 (1, 1). Plus additional non-type material. •Valid as Scopeloberyx rossicus Kotlyar 2004 -- (Kotlyar 2005:31 [ref. 28178], Parin et al. 2014:200 [ref. 33547], Page et al. 2023:105 [ref. 40505], Kotlyar 2024:1348 [ref. 41745]). Current status: Valid as Scopeloberyx rossicus Kotlyar 2004. Melamphaidae. Distribution: North Pacific Japan and kamchatka (Russia) east to Aleutian Islands (U.S.A.). Habitat: marine.

rubriventer, Melamphaes Koefoed [E.] 1953:27, Pl. 4 (fig. C) [Scientific Results of the Michael Sars North Atlantic Deep-Sea Expedition 1910 v. 4 (pt 2, no. 3); ref. 6486] Northeastern Atlantic, south of Azores Islands, 36°53'N, 29°47'W, depth 3000 meters. Syntypes: UBNM 4333 (5). •Synonym of Scopeloberyx robustus (Günther 1887) -- (Maul in Whitehead et al. 1986:764 [ref. 13676], Kotlyar 1996:276 [ref. 23292], Santos et al. 1997:127 [ref. 23531], Moore et al. 2003:218 [ref. 27076]). •Valid as Scopeloberyx rubriventer (Koefoed 1953) -- (Maul 1973:346 [ref. 7171], Arruda 1997:77 [ref. 24952], Kotlyar 2004:6 [ref. 27590], Kotlyar 2004:597 [ref. 27867], Kotlyar 2005:31 [ref. 28178], Moore 2016:2165 [ref. 34570], Carneiro et al. 2019:152 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:245 [ref. 37832], Page et al. 2023:105 [ref. 40505], Kotlyar 2024:1349 [ref. 41745]). Current status: Valid as Scopeloberyx rubriventer (Koefoed 1953). Melamphaidae. Distribution: Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

rugosus, Melamphaes Chapman [W. M.] 1939:535, Fig. 69 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 86 (no. 3062); ref. 817] Eastern North Pacific, 55°32'N, 136°25'W. Holotype (unique): USNM 108141. •Synonym of Poromitra crassiceps (Günther 1878) -- (Maul 1973:345 [ref. 7171], Maul in Whitehead et al. 1986:761 [ref. 13676], Maul 1990:616 [ref. 17237], Gon 1990:219 [ref. 21680], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:319 [ref. 25968], Kotlyar 2004:5 [ref. 27590]). •Valid as Poromitra rugosa (Chapman 1939) -- (Kotlyar 2008:490 [ref. 29813], Kotlyar 2010:243 [ref. 30796], Page et al. 2023:105 [ref. 40505], Kotlyar 2024:1278 [ref. 41730]). Current status: Valid as Poromitra rugosa (Chapman 1939). Melamphaidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Alaska (U.S.A.) south to Panama. Habitat: marine.

shakhovskoyi, Scopeloberyx Kotlyar [A. N.] 2024:572, Fig. [Journal of Ichthyology v. 64; ref. 41352] Central Atlantic, depth 700 meters. Holotype. •Valid as Scopeloberyx shakhovskoyi Kotlyar 2024. Current status: Valid as Scopeloberyx shakhovskoyi Kotlyar 2024. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Central Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

shcherbachevi, Melamphaes Kotlyar [A. N.] 2015:648, Fig. 4 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 55 (no. 6); ref. 34100] Mozambique Channel, 23°21'S, 43°22'E, 1200-0 meters depth. Holotype (unique): ZMMU P-23700. Type catalog: Fricke et al. 2018:109 [ref. 35805]. •Valid as Melamphaes shcherbachevi Kotlyar 2015 -- (Kotlyar 2016:22 [ref. 34170], Kotlyar 2016:252 [ref. 34507], Kotlyar 2016:388 [ref. 35038], Fricke et al. 2018:109 [ref. 35805], Kotlyar 2024:1232 [ref. 41727]). Current status: Valid as Melamphaes shcherbachevi Kotlyar 2015. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: Madagascar. Habitat: marine.

simus, Melamphaes Ebeling [A. W.] 1962:94, Fig. 34 [Dana Report No. 58; ref. 5896] South of Canary Islands [eastern Atlantic], 27°19'N, 16°41'W, Dana station D4010, depth about 350 meters (1000 meters wire out) over bottom depth of 3460 meters. Holotype: ZMUC P41204. Paratypes: BMNH 1930.1.12.977-980 (4); ?MCZ [ex Woods Hole] (1), NHMG 1431 (1); ZMUC P41205-220 (40); plus additional material. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:60 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Melamphaes simus Ebeling 1962 -- (Ebeling 1986:429 [ref. 5651], Maul 1973:343 [ref. 7171], Maul in Whitehead et al. 1986:759 [ref. 13676], Pequeño 1989:52 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:156 [ref. 24556], Maul 1990:614 [ref. 17237], Kotlyar 1996:274 [ref. 23292], Santos et al. 1997:69 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:76 [ref. 24952], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:971 [ref. 23897], Fricke 1999:124 [ref. 24106], Porteiro et al. 1999:41 [ref. 24203], Moore & Paxton 1999:2202 [ref. 24787], Paxton & Moore in Randall & Lim 2000:600 [ref. 25122], Moore 2003:1163 [ref. 27002], Moore et al. 2003:217 [ref. 27076], Kotlyar 2004:4 [ref. 27590], Love et al. 2005:68 [ref. 37547], Mundy 2005:298 [ref. 28379], Mincarone et al. 2014:1548 [ref. 33546], Stewart & Bray 2015:982 [ref. 34276], Kotlyar 2016:253 [ref. 34507], Moore 2016:2165 [ref. 34570], Kotlyar 2016:389 [ref. 35038], Carneiro et al. 2019:151 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:239 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:202 [ref. 39448], Page et al. 2023:105 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:250 [ref. 41622], Kotlyar 2024:1246 [ref. 41727]). Current status: Valid as Melamphaes simus Ebeling 1962. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical through temperate seas. Habitat: marine.

spinifer, Melamphaes Ebeling [A. W.] 1962:67, Fig. 26 [Dana Report No. 58; ref. 5896] North of the Galápagos Islands, 1°01.5'N, 91°45.7'W, depth 939-1109 meters over bottom depth of 2288 meters. Holotype: SIO 52-409. Paratypes: SIO 52-419 (1), 54-89 (1), 55-221 (1), 55-244 (1); YPM 8040 (4), 8041 (2); ZMUC P417-11, P41221-235. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:60 [ref. 9588], Moore & Boardman 1991:16 [ref. 16741]. •Valid as Melamphaes spinifer Ebeling 1962 -- (Pequeño 1989:52 [ref. 14125], Kotlyar 1996:274 [ref. 23292], Kotlyar 2004:4 [ref. 27590], Love et al. 2005:68 [ref. 37547], Iwasaki in Nakaya et at. 2009:233 [ref. 42561], Kotlyar 2014:635 [ref. 33889], Kotlyar 2016:22 [ref. 34170], Fourriére et al. 2016:457 [ref. 34668], Kotlyar 2016:387 [ref. 35038], Love et al. 2021:98 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:105 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:250 [ref. 41622], Kotlyar 2024:1189 [ref. 41727], Victor et al. 2024:77 [ref. 42021] as Melamphaeus spinifer). Current status: Valid as Melamphaes spinifer Ebeling 1962. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Pacific coast of southern Baja California Sur (Mexico) south to Chile (34°S), west to about 130°W. IUCN (2027): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.

suborbitalis, Plectromus Gill [T. N.] 1883:258 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 6 (no. 380); ref. 1724] East of New Jersey, U.S.A., 38°52'40"N, 69°24'40"W, Albatross station 2036, depth 1735 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 33271. •Valid as Melamphaes suborbitalis (Gill 1883) -- (Ebeling 1962:56 [ref. 5896], Maul 1973:344 [ref. 7171], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:111 [ref. 6441], Maul in Whitehead et al. 1986:759 [ref. 13676], Scott & Scott 1988:320 [ref. 25518], Paxton et al. 1989:371 [ref. 12442], Paulin et al. 1989:157 [ref. 24556], McAllister 1990:130 [ref. 14674], Maul 1990:614 [ref. 17237], Kotlyar 1996:274 [ref. 23292], Santos et al. 1997:69 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:76 [ref. 24952], Parin & Kotlyar 1998:557 [ref. 24683], Kotlyar 1999:449 [ref. 24875], Nakabo 2000:480 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:480 [ref. 26001], Moore 2003:1163 [ref. 27002], Moore et al. 2003:217 [ref. 27076], Kotlyar 2004:4 [ref. 27590], Love et al. 2005:68 [ref. 37547], Mundy 2005:298 [ref. 28379], Paxton et al. 2006:748 [ref. 28995], Kotlyar 2012:137 [ref. 31963], Kotlyar 2012:254 [ref. 32009], Stewart & Bray 2015:983 [ref. 34276], Moore 2016:2165 [ref. 34570], Carneiro et al. 2019:151 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:240 [ref. 37832], Love et al. 2021:98 [ref. 39279], Fermon et al. 2022:202 [ref. 39448] with question, Page et al. 2023:105 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:250 [ref. 41622], Kotlyar 2024:1163 [ref. 41726]). Current status: Valid as Melamphaes suborbitalis (Gill 1883). Melamphaidae. Distribution: Nearly circumglobal in tropical and temperate seas, but not in eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

succedaneus, Melamphaes Kotlyar [A. N.] 2015:517, Fig. 4 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 55 (no. 5); ref. 33995] Eastern Pacific, 0°02'S, 122°04'W, trawling depth 300-0 meters. Holotype: ZMMU P-23459. Paratypes: IORAS, ZMMU. Species epithet once spelled succedanaus in title of English translation, otherwise succedaneus. •Valid as Melamphaes succedaneus Kotlyar 2015 -- (Kotlyar 2016:22 [ref. 34170], Kotlyar 2016:388 [ref. 35038], Kimura et al. 2019:90 [ref. 37116], Fricke et al. 2024:250 [ref. 41622], Kotlyar 2024:1218 [ref. 41727], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2025:suppl. Tab. 1, p. 16 [ref. 42574]). Current status: Valid as Melamphaes succedaneus Kotlyar 2015. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: off California (U.S.A.) south to off Chile; questionably northeast of Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.). IUCN (2025): Not Assessed. Habitat: marine.

triceratops, Melamphaes Roule [L.] & Angel [F.] 1933:66, Pl. 3 (fig. 32) [Résultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies sur son yacht par Albert 1er Monaco. Fasc. 86; ref. 3827] Northeastern Atlantic: northwest of Madeira, 0-3500 meters depth; west of Flores, Azores, depth 0-3000 meters; east of Nova Scotia, depth 0-3000 meters. Syntypes: ?BMNH 1934.12.19.38-39 (2) stn. 3452; MOM 0091-1394 (3), 0091-1530 (1), 0091-1686 (1). Type catalog: Belloc 1949:11-12 [ref. 21544]. •Synonym of Poromitra capito Goode & Bean 1883 -- (Maul 1973:345 [ref. 7171], Maul in Whitehead et al. 1986:761 [ref. 13676], Maul 1990:615 [ref. 17237], Kotlyar 2004:4 [ref. 27590], Kotlyar 2009:711 [ref. 30627]). Current status: Synonym of Poromitra capito Goode & Bean 1883. Melamphaidae. Habitat: marine.

typhlops, Metopias Lowe [R. T.] 1843:90 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1843 (pt 11); ref. 2832] Off Madeira. Neotype: BMNH 1864.11.8.1. Neotype designated by Ebeling 1962:92 [ref. 5896] and confirmed by Maul 1973 [ref. 7171]. •Valid as Melamphaes typhlops (Lowe 1843) -- (Ebeling 1962:88 [ref. 5896], Maul 1973:343 [ref. 7171], Maul in Whitehead et al. 1986:760 [ref. 13676], Maul 1990:614 [ref. 17237], Kotlyar 1996:274 [ref. 23292], Santos et al. 1997:69 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:76 [ref. 24952], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:972 [ref. 23897], Porteiro et al. 1999:41 [ref. 24203], Moore 2003:1163 [ref. 27002], Moore et al. 2003:217 [ref. 27076], Kotlyar 2004:4 [ref. 27590], Mincarone et al. 2014:1551 [ref. 33546], Kotlyar 2016:30 [ref. 34170], Moore 2016:2165 [ref. 34570], Kotlyar 2016:389 [ref. 35038], Carneiro et al. 2019:151 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:237 [ref. 37832], Afonso et al. 2021:472 [ref. 38384], Eduardo et al. 2022:9 [ref. 39574], Fermon et al. 2022:202 [ref. 39448] with question, Page et al. 2023:105 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:250 [ref. 41622], Kotlyar 2024:1240 [ref. 41727], Kotlyar 2025:245 [ref. 42469]). Current status: Valid as Melamphaes typhlops (Lowe 1843). Melamphaidae. Distribution: Atlantic: between 45°N and 35°S, including Gulf of Mexico. Habitat: marine.

unicornis, Melamphaes Gilbert [C. H.] 1905:615, Pl. 77 (fig. 1) [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 23 (pt 2) [for 1903]; ref. 1631] Vicinity of Kauai Island, Hawaiian Islands, Albatross station 4142, depth 632-881 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 51517. Paratypes: CAS-SU 8610 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:64 [ref. 12291]. •Synonym of Poromitra crassiceps (Günther 1878) -- (Maul in Whitehead et al. 1986:761 [ref. 13676], Gon 1990:219 [ref. 21680], Kotlyar 1996:275 [ref. 23292], Kotlyar 2004:5 [ref. 27590], Mundy 2005:298 [ref. 28379]). •Valid as Poromitra unicornis (Gilbert 1905) -- (Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:110 [ref. 6441], Savinykh & Balanov 1999:424 [ref. 24871], Kotlyar 2008:486 [ref. 29813], Kotlyar 2010:243 [ref. 30796], Kotlyar 2024:1273 [ref. 41730], Su & Ho 2025:580 [ref. 42506]). Current status: Valid as Poromitra unicornis (Gilbert 1905). Melamphaidae. Distribution: Western and central Pacific: Philippines and Papua New Guinea east to Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.), north to Taiwan. Habitat: marine.

uniformis, Melamphaes Kotlyar [A. N.] 2013:776, Fig. 1 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 53 (no. 6); ref. 37797] Tasman Sea, southwestern Pacific, 32°30′S, 155°27′E, trawling depth 500 (0) m. Holotype (unique): ZMMU P-23301. •Valid as Melamphaes uniformis Kotlyar 2013 -- (Kotlyar 2018:618 [754] [ref. 38109]), Kotlyar 2024:1155 [ref. 41726]. Current status: Valid as Melamphaes uniformis Kotlyar 2013. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Southwestern Indian Ocean: Walters Seamount, south of Madagascar; southwestern Pacific: Tasman Sea. Habitat: marine.

unispinis, Scopelogadus Ebeling [A. W.] & Weed [W. H., III] 1963:21, Fig. 11 [Dana Report No. 60; ref. 4616] Indonesia, 4°05'N, 128°16'E, Dana station D3678, depth about 1000 meters (2000 meters wire out) over bottom depth of 4700 meters. Holotype: ZMUC P4174. Paratypes: USNM 151303-09 (1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2); ZMUC P4134-35 (2), P4175-177 (3). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:60 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Scopelogadus unispinis Ebeling & Weed 1963 -- (Kotlyar 1996:276 [ref. 23292], Moore & Paxton 1999:2202 [ref. 24787], Paxton & Moore in Randall & Lim 2000:600 [ref. 25122], Kotlyar 2004:7 [ref. 27590], Kimura et al. 2019:7 [ref. 37790], Kotlyar 2021:801 [ref. 38954], Kotlyar 2024:1421 [ref. 41746], Su & Ho 2025:588 [ref. 42506]). Current status: Valid as Scopelogadus unispinis Ebeling & Weed 1963. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: tropical, between 19°N and 15°S. Habitat: marine.

xestoachidus, Melamphaes Kotlyar [A. N.] 2011:563, Fig. 3 [Journal of Ichthyology v. 51 (no. 8); ref. 31578] Northwestern North Pacific, 44°54'N, 152°14'E, trawling depth 2400-3450 meters, over bottom depth of 8800-9600 meters. Holotype: ZMMU P-22660. Paratypes: ZMUU P-22660 (1). •Valid as Melamphaes xestoachidus Kotlyar 2011 -- (Kotlyar 2012:253 [ref. 32009], Parin et al. 2014:199 [ref. 33547], Kotlyar 2024:1142 [ref. 41726]). Current status: Valid as Melamphaes xestoachidus Kotlyar 2011. Melamphaidae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific: off Kuril Islands. Habitat: marine.