Please look in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes for authorships of sections, Families of Fishes (all), and related information.

Species in the family or subfamily Pholidae: [ 43 ] records

affinis, Gunnellus Reinhardt [J. C. H.] 1837:114 [32] [Det Kongelige Danske videnskabernes selskabs naturvidenskabelige og mathematiske afhandlinger v. 7; ref. 3691] Greenland. Syntypes: ZMUC 458, 459, 510. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:75 [ref. 9588]. On p. 32 of separate. •Synonym of Pholis gunnellus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Makushok 1973:535 [ref. 6889], Mecklenburg 2003:4 [ref. 27299]). Current status: Synonym of Pholis gunnellus (Linnaeus 1758). Pholidae: Pholinae. Habitat: marine.

anguilliformis, Pholidichthys Lockington [W. N.] 1881:118 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 33; ref. 14288] Presidio on the Bay of San Francisco, California, U.S.A. Neotype: USNM 490. Unique holotype apparently lost and original locality apparently in error (see Hastings & Springer 2002:543 [ref. 26375]). A neotype was designated by Hastings & Springer 2002:545 [ref. 26375]. The neotype is the same as the holotype of Pholis ornata (Girard 1854), making anguilliformis a junior objective synonym of ornata. Not treated by Mecklenburg 2003 [ref. 27299]. •Status and family placement uncertain -- (Springer & Freihofer 1976:1 [ref. 7108], Springer & Larson 1996:353 [ref. 22197]). •Synonym of Pholis ornata (Girard 1854) -- (Hastings & Springer 2002:543 [ref. 26375]). Current status: Synonym of Pholis ornata (Girard 1854). Pholidae: Pholinae. Habitat: marine.

clemensi, Pholis Rosenblatt [R. H.] 1964:935, Figs. 1-2 [Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada v. 21 (no. 5); ref. 3399] Southeastern side of Bowyer Island, Howe Sound, British Columbia, Canada, depth 9-12 meters. Holotype: UBC 63-910. Paratypes: UBC 63-910 (?1), 63-934 (?1), 63-938 (?1), 63-939 (?1); UMMZ 135893 [not 25258] (?1). •Valid as Allopholis clemensi (Rosenblatt 1964) -- (Yatsu 1981:179 [ref. 4814], Yatsu 1985:281 [ref. 5149], McAllister 1990:172 [ref. 14674]). •Valid as Pholis clemensi Rosenblatt 1964 -- (Eschmeyer & Herald 1983:255 [ref. 9277], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:778 [ref. 25968], Mecklenburg 2003:3 [ref. 27299], Nelson et al. 2004:160 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:149 [ref. 37547], Radchenko et al. 2010:737 [ref. 32451], Maslenikov et al. 2013:18 [ref. 37947], Page et al. 2013:164 [ref. 32708], Pietsch & Orr 2015:63 [ref. 34694], Kells et al. 2016:286 [ref. 35888], Burton & Lea 2019:86 [ref. 37205], Love et al. 2021:190 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:215 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Pholis clemensi Rosenblatt 1964. Pholidae: Pholinae. Distribution: Northeastern Pacific: Gulf of Alaska (U.S.A.) south to northern California (U.S.A.). Habitat: marine.

cornubiensium, Gunnellus Seba [A.] 1759:91, Pl. 30 (6) [v. 3; ref. 18716] No types known. •Synonym of Pholis gunnellus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Makushok 1973:534 [ref. 6889], Mecklenburg 2003:4 [ref. 27299]). Current status: Synonym of Pholis gunnellus (Linnaeus 1758). Pholidae: Pholinae. Habitat: marine.

crassispina, Gunellus Temminck [C. J.] & Schlegel [H.] 1845:139 [Fauna Japonica Parts 7-9; ref. 4373] Japan. Holotype (unique): RMNH 1781. Type catalog: Boeseman 1947:119 [ref. 12876]. •Valid as Enedrias crassispina (Temminck & Schlegel 1845) -- (Yatsu 1981:175 [ref. 4814], Amaoka in Masuda et al. 1984:303 [ref. 6441]). •Valid as Pholis crassispina (Temminck & Schlegel 1845) -- (Nakabo 2000:1056 [ref. 25182], Nakabo 2002:1056 [ref. 26193], Yatsu 1985:281 [ref. 5149], Choi et al. 2003:381, 644 [ref. 26218], Hagiwara 2003:37 [ref. 27188], Mecklenburg 2003:3 [ref. 27299], Radchenko et al. 2010:736 [ref. 32451], Parin et al. 2014:454 [ref. 33547], Dyldin & Orlov 2017:183 [ref. 35257], Kim et al. 2020:159 [ref. 39118], Sonoyama et al. 2020:96 [ref. 37637], Dyldin et al. 2021:54 [ref. 38804], Dyldin & Orlov 2021:853 [ref. 38925]). Current status: Valid as Pholis crassispina (Temminck & Schlegel 1845). Pholidae: Pholinae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific: around Japan from Hokkaido to Kyushu Islands, Korean Peninsula, and Yellow Sea to Gulf of Pohai (Bo Hai, Chihli), China. Habitat: brackish, marine.

dolichogaster, Blennius Pallas [P. S.] 1814:175, Pl. 2 (fig. 2) [Zoographia Rosso-Asiatica v. 3; ref. 3351] Kamchatka, Russia. Possible syntype: ZMB 7780 (1). •Valid as Pholis dolichogaster (Pallas 1814) -- (Lindberg & Krasyukova 1975:41 [ref. 7348]). •Valid as Rhodymenichthys dolichogaster (Pallas 1814) -- (Yatsu 1981:181 [ref. 4814], Amaoka in Masuda et al. 1984:304 [ref. 6441], Yatsu 1985:281 [ref. 5149], Sokolovskaya et al. 1998:13 [ref. 24670] as Rhodimenichthys, Nakabo 2000:1055 [ref. 25182], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:39 [ref. 25650], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:776 [ref. 25968], Nakabo 2002:1055 [ref. 26193], Mecklenburg 2003:6 [ref. 27299], Fedorov et al. 2003:126 [ref. 27579], Nelson et al. 2004:160 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:150 [ref. 37547], Radchenko et al. 2010:737 [ref. 32451], Mecklenburg et al. 2011:129 [ref. 31212], Page et al. 2013:165 [ref. 32708], Parin et al. 2014:457 [ref. 33547], Mecklenburg & Steinke 2015:165 [ref. 34033], Kells et al. 2016:288 [ref. 35888], Dyldin & Orlov 2017:186 [ref. 35257], Dyldin & Orlov 2021:854 [ref. 38925], Dyldin et al. 2021:55 [ref. 38804], Love et al. 2021:190 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:215 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Rhodymenichthys dolichogaster (Pallas 1814). Pholidae: Apodichthyinae. Distribution: Arctic and North Pacific: Chukchi Sea, also Bering Sea and Aleutian and Commander islands to Okhotsk and Japan seas. Habitat: marine.

europaeus, Blennius Olafsen [E.] 1772:81 [Vice-Lavmand Eggert Olafsens og Land-Physici Biarne Povelsens Reise igiennem Island v. 1; ref. 18493] Iceland. No types known. Original not seen, not on p. 81. •Synonym of Pholis gunnellus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Makushok 1973:534 [ref. 6889], Yatsu 1981:170 [ref. 4814] as enropaeus, Mecklenburg 2003:4 [ref. 27299]). Current status: Synonym of Pholis gunnellus (Linnaeus 1758). Pholidae: Pholinae. Habitat: marine.

fangi, Enedrias Wang [K.-F.] & Wang [S.-C.] 1935:215, Fig. 39 [Contributions from the Biological Laboratory of the Science Society of China. (Zoological Series) v. 11 (no. 6); ref. 17227] Chefoo, Shantung Province, China. Holotype (unique): SSCN 7120. •Valid as Enedrias fangi Wang & Wang 1935 -- (Yatsu 1981:177 [ref. 4814], Cheng & Zhou 1997:332 [ref. 26385] dated 1936, Wang et al. 2001:244 [ref. 26566] dated 1936). •Valid as Pholis fangi (Wang & Wang 1935) -- (Lindberg & Krasyukova 1975:46 [ref. 7348], Yatsu 1985:281 [ref. 5149], Choi et al. 2003:381, 644 [ref. 26218], Mecklenburg 2003:3 [ref. 27299], Radchenko et al. 2010:736 [ref. 32451] as fungi in key, Sweetser & Hilton 2016:1687 [ref. 35296], Koeda & Muto 2019:88 [ref. 37187], Kim et al. 2020:159 [ref. 39118]). Current status: Valid as Pholis fangi (Wang & Wang 1935). Pholidae: Pholinae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific: southern Taiwan; Gulf of Pohai, Yellow Sea, and northern part of East China Sea. Habitat: marine.

fasciatus, Centronotus Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.] 1801:165, Pl. 37 (upper fig.) [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] Tranquebar [Tharangambadi], India [error for Greenland]. Syntypes: ZMB 2000 (3). Type catalog: Paepke 1999:113 [ref. 24282]. •Valid as Pholis fasciatus (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Lindberg & Krasyukova 1975:43 [ref. 7348]). •Valid as Pholis fasciata (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Yatsu 1981:172 [ref. 4814], Amaoka in Masuda et al. 1984:303 [ref. 6441], Yatsu 1985:281 [ref. 5149], Robins & Ray 1986:234 [ref. 23100], Scott & Scott 1988:426 [ref. 25518], McAllister 1990:172 [ref. 14674], Nakabo 2000:1055 [ref. 25182], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:39 [ref. 25650], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:777 [ref. 25968], Nakabo 2002:1055 [ref. 26193], Mecklenburg 2003:3 [ref. 27299], Fedorov et al. 2003:126 [ref. 27579], Nelson et al. 2004:160 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:149 [ref. 37547], Mecklenburg et al. 2007:180 [ref. 29448], Møller et al. 2010:66 [ref. 31169], Radchenko et al. 2010:737 [ref. 32451], Mecklenburg et al. 2011:129 [ref. 31212], Page et al. 2013:165 [ref. 32708], Parin et al. 2014:454 [ref. 33547], Mecklenburg & Steinke 2015:165 [ref. 34033], Afonso et al. 2016:71, 249 [ref. 36199], Kells et al. 2016:286 [ref. 35888], Mecklenburg et al. 2016:211 [ref. 34440], Dyldin & Orlov 2017:184 [ref. 35257], Mecklenburg et al. 2018:393 [ref. 36370], Dyldin & Orlov 2021:853 [ref. 38925] with question, Dyldin et al. 2021:54 [ref. 38804] with question, Love et al. 2021:190 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:215 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Pholis fasciata (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Pholidae: Pholinae. Distribution: Arctic Ocean and adjacent North Pacific and northwestern Atlantic. Habitat: brackish, marine.

flavidus, Apodichthys Girard [C. F.] 1854:150 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 7; ref. 5769] Presidio, San Francisco, California, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): USNM 494. Type catalog: Springer & Anderson 1997:5 [ref. 22953]. •Valid as Apodichthys flavidus Girard 1854 -- (Yatsu 1981:183 [ref. 4814], Eschmeyer & Herald 1983:255 [ref. 9277], Yatsu 1985:281 [ref. 5149], McAllister 1990:172 [ref. 14674], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:775 [ref. 25968], Mecklenburg 2003:2 [ref. 27299], Nelson et al. 2004:159 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:149 [ref. 37547], Radchenko et al. 2010:737 [ref. 32451], Page et al. 2013:164 [ref. 32708], Pietsch & Orr 2015:63 [ref. 34694], Kells et al. 2016:286 [ref. 35888], Burton & Lea 2019:86 [ref. 37205], Love et al. 2021:189 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:215 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Apodichthys flavidus Girard 1854. Pholidae: Apodichthyinae. Distribution: Northeastern Pacific: Kodiak Island (western Gulf of Alaska) south to southern California (U.S.A.). Habitat: marine.

fucorum, Apodichthys Jordan [D. S.] & Gilbert [C. H.] 1880:139 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 3 (no. 130); ref. 10594] Point Pinos, near Monterey, California, U.S.A. Lectotype: USNM 26994. Paralectotypes: ANSP 10501 (1); MNHN A-3319 [ex USNM] (1); MTD F 154 (1), F 3211 (1); UMMZ 162180 (1); USNM 335151 [ex USNM 26994] (orig. over 60, now 37); ZMB 11643 (1), 11721 (1); ZMUB 1288 [ex USNM 26994] (?). Type catalog: Bauchot 1967:59 [ref. 20734], Frøiland 1979:150 [ref. 21547], Böhlke 1984:140 [ref. 13621], Springer & Anderson 1997:5-6 [ref. 22953], Zarske 2003:32 [ref. 27474]. Lectotype selected by Springer & Anderson 1997:6 [ref. 22953]. •Valid as Xererpes fucorum (Jordan & Gilbert 1880) -- (Eschmeyer & Herald 1983:257 [ref. 9277], Radchenko et al. 2010:737 [ref. 32451], Kells et al. 2016:288 [ref. 35888]). •Valid as Apodichthys fucorum Jordan & Gilbert 1880 -- (Yatsu 1981:184 [ref. 4814], Yatsu 1985:281 [ref. 5149], McAllister 1990:172 [ref. 14674], Mecklenburg 2003:2 [ref. 27299], Nelson et al. 2004:159 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:149 [ref. 37547], Page et al. 2013:164 [ref. 32708], Pietsch & Orr 2015:63 [ref. 34694], Burton & Lea 2019:86 [ref. 37205], Love et al. 2021:190 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:215 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Apodichthys fucorum Jordan & Gilbert 1880. Pholidae: Apodichthyinae. Distribution: Northeastern Pacific: northern British Columbia (Canada) south to Pacific coast of central Baja California (Mexico). Habitat: marine.

fulvescens, Ophidium Rafinesque [C. S.] 1810:38 [Indice d'ittiologia siciliana; ref. 3595] Unneeded new name for Ophidium imberbe Linnaeus. •Synonym of Pholis gunnellus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Mecklenburg 2003:4 [ref. 27299], Parenti 2019:103 [ref. 37117]). Current status: Synonym of Pholis gunnellus (Linnaeus 1758). Pholidae: Pholinae. Habitat: marine.

gilli, Pholis Evermann [B. W.] & Goldsborough [E. L.] 1907:337, Fig. 110 [Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries v. 26 (Doc. 624) (for 1906); ref. 6532] Bering Sea. Holotype (unique): USNM 57826. Type catalog: Springer & Anderson 1997:6 [ref. 22953]. See Mecklenburg 2003:4 [ref. 27299] for information on types. •Synonym of Pholis fasciata (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Yatsu 1981:172 [ref. 4814], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:39 [ref. 25650], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:777 [ref. 25968], Mecklenburg 2003:4 [ref. 27299], Parin et al. 2014:454 [ref. 33547], Mecklenburg et al. 2016:212 [ref. 34440], Dyldin & Orlov 2017:184 [ref. 35257]). Current status: Synonym of Pholis fasciata (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Pholidae: Pholinae. Habitat: marine.

groenlandicus, Gunnellus Reinhardt [J. C. H.] 1830:19 [Oversigt over det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskabs Forhandlinger og dets Medlemmers Arbeider (Kjøbenhavn) 1829-30; ref. 19480] No types known. Appeared as G. Grönlandicus originally; with genus assumed to be Gunnellus Fleming. Based on Blennius gunnellus of Fabricius 1780:149 [ref. 17464]. See Reinhardt 1836 [ref. 6587] with Gunnellus grönlandicus. See Mecklenburg 2003:3 [ref. 27299] for comments on authorship and spelling. •Synonym of Pholis fasciata (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Yatsu 1981:172 [ref. 4814], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:777 [ref. 25968] dated to Cuvier & Valenciennes 1836, Mecklenburg 2003:3 [ref. 27299]). Current status: Synonym of Pholis fasciata (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Pholidae: Pholinae. Habitat: marine.

gunelliformis, Centronotus Günther [A.] (ex Rüppell) 1861:288 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 3; ref. 1964] Greenland. Holotype (unique): SMF 1849 [ex ZMUC 1835] (poor condition). •Synonym of Pholis fasciata (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Yatsu 1981:172 [ref. 4814], Mecklenburg 2003:3 [ref. 27299], Dyldin & Orlov 2017:184 [ref. 35257]). Current status: Synonym of Pholis fasciata (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Pholidae: Pholinae. Habitat: marine.

gunnellus, Blennius Linnaeus [C.] 1758:257 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Atlantic. Syntypes: NRM 37 (1), others not found. Type catalog: Fernholm & Wheeler 1983:266 [ref. 20707]. Named Blennivs gvnellivs (historical typeset, equals Blennius gunnellus) by Fabricius 1780:149 [ref. 17464]. Name spelled Blennius gunellus by Müller 1776:43 [ref, 17808]. •Valid as Muraenoides gunnellus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Herrera 1896:67 [ref. 39336]). •Valid as Pholis gunnellus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Makushok 1973:534 [ref. 6889], Yatsu 1981:170 [ref. 4814], Smith 1986:440 [ref. 22186], Yatsu 1985:281 [ref. 5149], Makushok in Whitehead et al. 1986:1124 [ref. 13677], Robins & Ray 1986:234 [ref. 23100], Scott & Scott 1988:427 [ref. 25518], McAllister 1990:172 [ref. 14674], Collette in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:481 [ref. 26158], Mecklenburg 2003:4 [ref. 27299], Nelson et al. 2004:160 [ref. 27807], Fricke 2007:29 [ref. 30577], Møller et al. 2010:66 [ref. 31169], Mecklenburg et al. 2011:129 [ref. 31212], Page et al. 2013:165 [ref. 32708], Parin et al. 2014:455 [ref. 33547], Sweetser & Hilton 2016:1687 [ref. 35296], Mecklenburg et al. 2018:395 [ref. 36370] see remarks, Carneiro et al. 2019:289 [ref. 37250], Simian et al. 2022:376 [ref. 40776], Page et al. 2023:215 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Pholis gunnellus (Linnaeus 1758). Pholidae: Pholinae. Distribution: North Atlantic and adjacent Arctic; northeastern Atlantic: south to Portugal. Habitat: marine.

guttata, Muraenoides Yarrell [W.] 1836:239 [A history of British fishes; ref. 4812] Name only on Lacepède, not available. •In the synonymy of Pholis gunnellus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Yatsu 1981:170 [ref. 4814], Mecklenburg 2003:8 [ref. 27299]). Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Pholis gunnellus (Linnaeus 1758). Pholidae: Pholinae.

imberbe, Ophidion Linnaeus [C.] 1758:259 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Europe [France]. No types known. •Synonym of Pholis gunnellus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Makushok 1973:534 [ref. 6889], Yatsu 1981:170 [ref. 4814], Mecklenburg 2003:4 [ref. 27299]). Current status: Synonym of Pholis gunnellus (Linnaeus 1758). Pholidae: Pholinae. Habitat: marine.

ingens, Gunnellus Storer [H. R.] 1850:261, Pl. 8 (fig. 1) [Boston Journal of Natural History v. 6 (no. 2) (art. 15); ref. 18109] St. Mary's Island to Strait of Belle Isle, Labrador, Canada. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Pholis gunnellus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Makushok 1973:535 [ref. 6889], Yatsu 1981:170 [ref. 4814], Mecklenburg 2003:4 [ref. 27299]). Current status: Synonym of Pholis gunnellus (Linnaeus 1758). Pholidae: Pholinae. Habitat: marine.

inornatus, Apodichthys Gill [T. N.] 1862:279 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 14; ref. 1666] Puget Sound, Washington, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): USNM, lost. Type catalog: Springer & Anderson 1997:6 [ref. 22953]. •Synonym of Apodichthys flavidus Girard 1854 -- (Yatsu 1981:183 [ref. 4814], Mecklenburg 2003:2 [ref. 27299]). Current status: Synonym of Apodichthys flavidus Girard 1854. Pholidae: Apodichthyinae. Habitat: marine.

laetus, Centronotus Cope [E. D.] 1873:27 [4] [Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society v. 13 (for 17 Jan. 1873); ref. 929] Sitka or Unalaska, Alaska, U.S.A. Syntypes: ANSP 10504-05 (2, missing). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:140 [ref. 13621]. On p. 4 of separate. •Valid as Allopholis laeta (Cope 1873) -- (Yatsu 1981:178 [ref. 4814], Yatsu 1985:281 [ref. 5149], McAllister 1990:172 [ref. 14674]). •Valid as Pholis laeta (Cope 1873) -- (Eschmeyer & Herald 1983:256 [ref. 9277], Peden & Hughes 1984:293 [ref. 17445], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:39 [ref. 25650], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:779 [ref. 25968], Mecklenburg 2003:5 [ref. 27299], Nelson et al. 2004:160 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:149 [ref. 37547], Radchenko et al. 2010:737 [ref. 32451], Page et al. 2013:165 [ref. 32708], Parin et al. 2014:455 [ref. 33547], Pietsch & Orr 2015:63 [ref. 34694], Sweetser & Hilton 2016:1666 [ref. 35296], Kells et al. 2016:286 [ref. 35888], Love et al. 2021:190 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:215 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Pholis laeta (Cope 1873). Pholidae: Pholinae. Distribution: North Pacific: Aleutian Islands and north side of Alaska Peninsula to northern California (U.S.A.) and to Commander Islands and southeastern Kamchatka. Habitat: marine.

macrocephalus, Gunnellus Girard [C. F.] in Storer 1850:263 [Boston Journal of Natural History v. 6 (no. 2) (art. 15); ref. 18109] Chelsea Beach, Massachusetts, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): MCZ (lost). •Synonym of Pholis gunnellus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Makushok 1973:535 [ref. 6889], Yatsu 1981:170 [ref. 4814], Mecklenburg 2003:4 [ref. 27299]). Current status: Synonym of Pholis gunnellus (Linnaeus 1758). Pholidae: Pholinae. Habitat: marine.

maxillaris, Muraenoides Bean [T. H.] 1881:147 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 4 (no. 210); ref. 223] Saint Paul Island, Pribilof Islands, Bering Sea, Alaska, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): USNM 23999, discarded. Type catalog: Springer & Anderson 1997:6 [ref. 22953]. •Synonym of Pholis fasciata (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Yatsu 1981:172 [ref. 4814], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:777 [ref. 25968], Mecklenburg 2003:4 [ref. 27299], Parin et al. 2014:454 [ref. 33547], Mecklenburg et al. 2016:212 [ref. 34440], Dyldin & Orlov 2017:184 [ref. 35257]). Current status: Synonym of Pholis fasciata (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Pholidae: Pholinae. Habitat: marine.

mucronatum, Ophidium Mitchill [S. L.] 1815:361, Pl. 1 (fig. 1) [Transactions of the Literary and Philosophical Society of New-York v. 1 (art. 5) (for 1814); ref. 13292] New York, U.S.A. No types known. •Synonym of Pholis gunnellus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Makushok 1973:534 [ref. 6889], Yatsu 1981:170 [ref. 4814], Smith 1986:440 [ref. 22186], Mecklenburg 2003:4 [ref. 27299]). Current status: Synonym of Pholis gunnellus (Linnaeus 1758). Pholidae: Pholinae. Habitat: marine.

muraenoides, Blennius Zuiew [B.] 1783:195, Pl. 6 (fig. 1) [Acta Academiae Scientiarum Imperialis Petropolitanae (for 1779) (pt. 2); ref. 17712] No types known. Author also spelled Zouiev, Zouiew, Zouiev, Zouieve, and Sujef. •Synonym of Pholis gunnellus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Yatsu 1981:170 [ref. 4814] with author as Sujef, Mecklenburg 2003:4 [ref. 27299], Parin et al. 2014:455 [ref. 33547]). Current status: Synonym of Pholis gunnellus (Linnaeus 1758). Pholidae: Pholinae. Habitat: marine.

muraenoides, Gunnellus Valenciennes [A.] 1839:916, Pl. 78 [Le règne animal distribué d'après son organisation; ref. 17868] In Regne Animal, 3rd edition, P. 174, Pl. 78 (3) [ref. 17868] Valenciennes refers to Les Gonnelles as Blennius gunnellus, in which he places the Lacepède name muraenoides; this may be the origin of the new combination. •Not an original description, evidently a new combination. •In the synonymy of Pholis fasciata (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Yatsu 1981:172 [ref. 4814], Mecklenburg 2003:8 [ref. 27299]). Current status: Synonym of Pholis fasciata (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Pholidae: Pholinae.

nea, Pholis Peden [A. E.] & Hughes [G. W.] 1984:301, Fig. 3 [Canadian Journal of Zoology v. 62 (no. 2); ref. 17445] Hokkaido, Japan, 42°08'N, 142°54'E. Holotype: NSMT-P 17303. Paratypes: NSMT-P 10065-69 (5), 10071-75 (5), 17302 (1). •Synonym of Pholis ornata (Girard 1854), but a valid subspecies -- (Yatsu 1985:281 [ref. 5149], Nakabo 2002:1055 [ref. 26193]). •Valid as Pholis nea Peden & Hughes 1984 -- (Mecklenburg 2003:5 [ref. 27299], Parin et al. 2014:455 [ref. 33547], Dyldin & Orlov 2017:184 [ref. 35257] with remarks, Dyldin & Orlov 2021:854 [ref. 38925], Dyldin et al. 2021:54 [ref. 38804]). Current status: Valid as Pholis nea Peden & Hughes 1984. Pholidae: Pholinae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific: southern Hokkaido [Pholis ornata reported by authors from Peter the Great Bay and Korean Peninsula (Japan Sea) may be this species]. Habitat: brackish, marine.

nebulosus, Gunnellus Temminck [C. J.] & Schlegel [H.] 1845:138, Pl. 73 (fig. 2) [Fauna Japonica Parts 7-9; ref. 4373] Bay of Mogi, near Nagasaki, Japan. Lectotype: RMNH 1788. Paralectotypes: RMNH D1042 (1, dry), D1044 (1, dry), D1045 (1, dry), 1787 (1). Lectotype selected by Boeseman 1947:118 [ref. 12876]. •Valid as Enedrias nebulosus (Temminck & Schlegel 1845) -- (Yatsu 1981:176 [ref. 4814], Amaoka in Masuda et al. 1984:303 [ref. 6441], Cheng & Zhou 1997:331 [ref. 26385] dated 1846, Sokolovskaya et al. 1998:13 [ref. 24670], Wang et al. 2001:243 [ref. 26566] dated 1846). •Valid as Pholis nebulosus (Temminck & Schlegel 1845) -- (Lindberg & Krasyukova 1975:44 [ref. 7348], Yatsu 1985:281 [ref. 5149], Shinohara et al. 1996:183 [ref. 26605]). •Valid as Pholis nebulosa (Temminck & Schlegel 1845) -- (Nakabo 2000:1056 [ref. 25182], Shimizu 2001:35 [ref. 25799], Nakabo 2002:1056 [ref. 26193], Choi et al. 2003:381, 644 [ref. 26218], Mecklenburg 2003:5 [ref. 27299], Radchenko et al. 2010:736 [ref. 32451], Parin et al. 2014:456 [ref. 33547], Sweetser & Hilton 2016:1687 [ref. 35296], Dyldin & Orlov 2017:185 [ref. 35257], Kim et al. 2020:159 [ref. 39118], Sonoyama et al. 2020:96 [ref. 37637], Dyldin & Orlov 2021:854 [ref. 38925] with question, Dyldin et al. 2021:54 [ref. 38804] with question). Current status: Valid as Pholis nebulosa (Temminck & Schlegel 1845). Pholidae: Pholinae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific: Korea and Japan from southern Hokkaido to Nagasaki Prefecture, Kyushu Island. Habitat: brackish, marine.

ornatus, Gunellus Girard [C. F.] 1854:149 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 7; ref. 5769] Presidio, San Francisco, California, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): USNM 490. Type catalog: Springer & Anderson 1997:6 [ref. 22953]. Authors giving range to w. North Pacific classify P. nea as a synonym of P. ornata according to Mecklenburg 2003:5 [ref. 27299]. •Valid as Pholis ornatus (Girard 1854) -- (Lindberg & Krasyukova 1975:44 [ref. 7348], Sokolovskaya et al. 1998:13 [ref. 24670], Choi et al. 2003:382, 645 [ref. 26218]). •Valid as Pholis ornata (Girard 1854) -- (Yatsu 1981:171 [ref. 4814], Eschmeyer & Herald 1983:256 [ref. 9277], Amaoka in Masuda et al. 1984:303 [ref. 6441], Peden & Hughes 1984:298 [ref. 17445], Yatsu 1985:281 [ref. 5149], McAllister 1990:172 [ref. 14674], Nakabo 2000:1055 [ref. 25182], Mecklenburg 2003:5 [ref. 27299], Nelson et al. 2004:160 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:149 [ref. 37547], Radchenko et al. 2010:737 [ref. 32451], Page et al. 2013:165 [ref. 32708], Pietsch & Orr 2015:64 [ref. 34694], Sweetser & Hilton 2016:1687 [ref. 35296], Kells et al. 2016:288 [ref. 35888], Burton & Lea 2019:86 [ref. 37205], Love et al. 2021:190 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:215 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Pholis ornata (Girard 1854). Pholidae: Pholinae. Distribution: Northeastern Pacific: southern British Columbia (Canada) south to central California (U.S.A.). Habitat: marine.

pictus, Urocentrus Kner [R.] 1868:30 [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 58 (nos 1-2); ref. 6074] "Singapore" [error; likely Decastris Bay, Tatar Strait, northern Sea of Japan]. Holotype (unique): NMW 4331. Appeared in more detail in Kner 1868:343 [51 of separate], Pl. 7 (fig. 21) [ref. 2646]. •Valid as Pholis picta (Kner 1868) -- (Lindberg & Krasyukova 1975:39 [ref. 7348] as pictus, Yatsu 1981:173 [ref. 4814], Amaoka in Masuda et al. 1984:303 [ref. 6441], Yatsu 1985:281 [ref. 5149], Sokolovskaya et al. 1998:13 [ref. 24670] as pictus, Nakabo 2000:1055 [ref. 25182], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:39 [ref. 25650], Nakabo 2002:1055 [ref. 26193], Choi et al. 2003:382, 645 [ref. 26218] as pictus, Mecklenburg 2003:5 [ref. 27299], Radchenko et al. 2010:737 [ref. 32451], Parin et al. 2014:456 [ref. 33547], Dyldin & Orlov 2017:185 [ref. 35257], Dyldin & Orlov 2021:854 [ref. 38925], Dyldin et al. 2021:55 [ref. 38804]). Current status: Valid as Pholis picta (Kner 1868). Pholidae: Pholinae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific: southeastern Kamchatka, Kuril Islands, and Japan Sea from Hokkaido to Korean Peninsula. Habitat: brackish, marine.

piskunovi, Allopholis Borets [L. A.] 1988:66 [Biologiya Morya (Vladivostok) v. 1988 (no. 2); ref. 16220] Shelikhov Gulf, 60°20'N, 160°50'E, Okhotsk Sea, Russia, depth 94 meters. Holotype (unique): ZIN 48101. Type catalog: Balushkin et al. 2012:120 [ref. 33656]. •Questionably a synonym of Pholis fasciata (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:39 [ref. 25650]). •Valid as Allopholis piskunovi Borets 1988 -- (Fedorov et al. 2003:126 [ref. 27579]). •Valid as Pholis piskunovi Borets 1988 -- (Radchenko et al. 2010:737 [ref. 32451], Parin et al. 2014:457 [ref. 33547]). •Synonym of Pholis fasciata (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Mecklenburg 2003:4 [ref. 27299], Mecklenburg et al. 2016:212 [ref. 34440]). Current status: Synonym of Pholis fasciata (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Pholidae: Pholinae. Distribution: Western North Pacific: Okhotsk Sea. Habitat: marine.

ruberrimus, Gunnellus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1836:440 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 11; ref. 1005] Kuril Islands. No types known. Type catalog: Bauchot 1967:60 [ref. 20734]. Based on Pallas 1814:178 [ref. 3351]. •Synonym of Rhodymenichthys dolichogaster (Pallas 1814) -- (Yatsu 1981:181 [ref. 4814], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:776 [ref. 25968], Mecklenburg 2003:6 [ref. 27299], Parin et al. 2014:457 [ref. 33547], Dyldin & Orlov 2017:186 [ref. 35257]). Current status: Synonym of Rhodymenichthys dolichogaster (Pallas 1814). Pholidae: Apodichthyinae. Habitat: marine.

sanctaerosae, Ulvicola Gilbert [C. H.] & Starks [E. C.] in Gilbert 1897:455, Pl. 55 (fig. 2) [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 19 (no. 1115); ref. 1629] Santa Rosa Island, California, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): USNM 47579. Type catalog: Springer & Anderson 1997:6 [ref. 22953]. Originally as sanctae-rosae. •Valid as Apodichthys sanctaerosae (Gilbert & Starks 1897) -- (Yatsu 1981:185 [ref. 4814], Yatsu 1985:281 [ref. 5149], Mecklenburg 2003:2 [ref. 27299], Love et al. 2005:149 [ref. 37547]). •Valid as Ulvicola sanctaerosae Gilbert & Starks 1897 -- (Eschmeyer & Herald 1983:257 [ref. 9277], Nelson et al. 2004:160 [ref. 27807], Radchenko et al. 2010:737 [ref. 32451], Page et al. 2013:165 [ref. 32708], Kells et al. 2016:288 [ref. 35888], Burton & Lea 2019:86 [ref. 37205], Love et al. 2021:190 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:215 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Ulvicola sanctaerosae Gilbert & Starks 1897. Pholidae: Apodichthyinae. Distribution: Northeastern Pacific: central California (U.S.A.) south to Pacific coast of northern Baja California (Mexico), including Guadalupe Island (Mexico). Habitat: marine.

sanguineus, Apodichthys Gill [T. N.] 1862:279 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 14; ref. 1666] California, U.S.A. Syntypes: USNM (2), lost. Type catalog: Springer & Anderson 1997:6 [ref. 22953]. •Synonym of Apodichthys flavidus Girard 1854 -- (Yatsu 1981:183 [ref. 4814], Mecklenburg 2003:2 [ref. 27299]). Current status: Synonym of Apodichthys flavidus Girard 1854. Pholidae: Apodichthyinae. Habitat: marine.

schultzi, Pholis Schultz [L. P.] (ex Hubbs) 1931:45 [Key to the fishes of Oregon and Washington; ref. 10120] Cape Johnson, Washington, U.S.A. Lectotype: USNM 195955. Paralectotypes: MCZ 35939 [ex USNM 104367] (2), 35921 [ex USNM 104365], 35974 [ex USNM 104366] (1); USNM 104366 (orig. 30, now 28), 104367 (6, now 5), 117582 (3). Type catalog: Springer & Anderson 1997:6-7 [ref. 22953]. Appeared first without distinguishing features in Hubbs 1928:10 [ref. 2237]. Lectotype selected by Schultz & Hubbs 1961:478 [ref. 3949] -- see Mecklenburg 2003:5 [ref. 27299]. Authorship is correctly Schultz, not Hubbs. •Valid as Allopholis schultzi (Schultz 1931) -- (Yatsu 1981:180 [ref. 4814], Yatsu 1985:281 [ref. 5149], McAllister 1990:172 [ref. 14674]). •Valid as Pholis schultzi Schultz 1931 -- (Eschmeyer & Herald 1983:256 [ref. 9277], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:780 [ref. 25968], Mecklenburg 2003:5 [ref. 27299], Nelson et al. 2004:160 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:149 [ref. 37547], Radchenko et al. 2010:737 [ref. 32451], Page et al. 2013:165 [ref. 32708], Pietsch & Orr 2015:64 [ref. 34694], Sweetser & Hilton 2016:1687 [ref. 35296], Kells et al. 2016:288 [ref. 35888], Burton & Lea 2019:86 [ref. 37205], Love et al. 2021:190 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:215 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Pholis schultzi Schultz 1931. Pholidae: Pholinae. Distribution: Northeastern Pacific: southern British Columbia (Canada) south to central California (U.S.A.). Habitat: marine.

subfrenatus, Centronotus Gill [T. N.] 1859:146 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 11; ref. 1762] Shimoda, Japan. Lectotype: USNM 5693. Paralectotypes: USNM 336601 [ex USNM 5693]. Type catalog: Springer & Anderson 1997:7 [ref. 22953]. Lectotype was designated by Springer & Anderson 1997:7 [ref. 22953]. •Synonym of Enedrias nebulosus (Temminck & Schlegel 1845) -- (Yatsu 1981:176 [ref. 4814], Mecklenburg 2003:5 [ref. 27299]). •Synonym of Pholis nebulosa (Temminck & Schlegel 1845) -- (Yatsu 1985:281 [ref. 5149], Parin et al. 2014:456 [ref. 33547], Dyldin & Orlov 2017:185 [ref. 35257]). Current status: Synonym of Pholis nebulosa (Temminck & Schlegel 1845). Pholidae: Pholinae. Habitat: marine.

sujef, Muraenoides Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1800:324, 325 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 2; ref. 2709] No types known. Unnecessary replacement name for Blennius muraenoides Zuiew 1779. Also appeared in Sonnini 1803:210 [ref. 30473]. •Synonym of Pholis gunnellus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Makushok 1973:534 [ref. 6889], Yatsu 1981:170 [ref. 4814], Mecklenburg 2003:4 [ref. 27299]). Replacement Name. Current status: Synonym of Pholis gunnellus (Linnaeus 1758). Pholidae: Pholinae. Habitat: marine.

taczanowskii, Centronotus Steindachner [F.] 1881:261 [24], Pl. 3 (fig. 1) [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 82 (1. Abth., no. 2); ref. 4230] Strelok Strait, Peter the Great Bay, Russia. Syntypes: (several) NMW 72065 (2), others not found. On p. 24 of separate. See Mecklenburg 2003:6 [ref. 27299] and Miki 1986:949 [ref. 6330] for status. •Synonym of Pholis dolichogaster (Pallas 1814), but a valid subspecies -- (Lindberg & Krasyukova 1975:42 [ref. 7348]). •Valid as Rhodimenichthys taczanowskii (Steindachner 1881) -- (Sokolovskaya et al. 1998:13 [ref. 24670]). •Valid as Pholis taczanowskii (Steindachner 1881) -- (Choi et al. 2003:382, 645 [ref. 26218] dated 1880). •Synonym of Rhodymenichthys dolichogaster (Pallas 1814) -- (Yatsu 1981:181 [ref. 4814], Mecklenburg 2003:6 [ref. 27299], Parin et al. 2014:457 [ref. 33547], Dyldin & Orlov 2017:186 [ref. 35257] with question). Current status: Synonym of Rhodymenichthys dolichogaster (Pallas 1814). Pholidae: Apodichthyinae. Habitat: marine.

taenia, Blennius Pallas [P. S.] 1814:178 [Zoographia Rosso-Asiatica v. 3; ref. 3351] Kuril Islands. No types known. •Synonym of Pholis fasciata (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Yatsu 1981:172 [ref. 4814], Mecklenburg 2003:3 [ref. 27299], Parin et al. 2014:454 [ref. 33547], Dyldin & Orlov 2017:184 [ref. 35257]). Current status: Synonym of Pholis fasciata (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Pholidae: Pholinae. Habitat: marine.

univittatus, Apodichthys Lockington [W. N.] 1881:119 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 33; ref. 14288] Baja California, Mexico [but probably from southern California]. Holotype (unique): lost. See Hastings & Springer 2002:543 [ref. 26375] for comments on type and type locality. •Synonym of Apodichthys flavidus Girard 1854 -- (Yatsu 1981:183 [ref. 4814], Mecklenburg 2003:2 [ref. 27299]). Current status: Synonym of Apodichthys flavidus Girard 1854. Pholidae: Apodichthyinae. Habitat: marine.

virescens, Apodichthys Ayres [W. O.] 1855:55 [Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (Series 1) v. 1 (pt 1); ref. 159] San Francisco Bay, California, U.S.A. Lectotype: USNM 496. Paralectotypes: USNM 336443 [ex USNM 496]. Type catalog: Springer & Anderson 1997:7 [ref. 22953]. Lectotype selected by Springer & Anderson 1997:7 [ref. 22953]. •Synonym of Apodichthys flavidus Girard 1854 -- (Yatsu 1981:183 [ref. 4814], Mecklenburg 2003:2 [ref. 27299]). Current status: Synonym of Apodichthys flavidus Girard 1854. Pholidae: Apodichthyinae. Habitat: marine.

vulgaris, Gunnellus Fleming [J.] 1828:207 [A history of British animals; ref. 1339] England. No types known. See Mecklenburg 2003:4-5 [ref. 27299] for comments on types. •Synonym of Pholis gunnellus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Makushok 1973:534 [ref. 6889], Yatsu 1981:170 [ref. 4814], Mecklenburg 2003:4 [ref. 27299]). Current status: Synonym of Pholis gunnellus (Linnaeus 1758). Pholidae: Pholinae. Habitat: marine.

vulgaris, Gunnellus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1836:419 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 11; ref. 1005] Type catalog: Bauchot 1967:59-60 [ref. 20734] with syntypes as MNHN A-2110 (1) Brest, A-2114 (4) Iceland, A-2115 (4) Iceland, A-2116 (5) La Rochelle. Not an original description, but treated as such by Bauchot 1967:59-60 [ref. 20734]. •Not an original description, but treated as such by Bauchot 1967:59-60 [ref. 20734] -- (see Mecklenburg 2003:8 [ref. 27299]). Pholidae: Pholinae.