Please look in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes for authorships of sections, Families of Fishes (all), and related information.

Genera in the family or subfamily Rivulidae: [ 58 ] records

Acantholebias (subgenus of Austrolebias) Costa [W. J. E. M.] 2008:50 Masc. Cynolebias luteoflammulatus Vaz-Ferreira, Sierra de Soriano & Scaglia de Paulete 1964. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Austrolebias Costa 1998, but a valid subgenus as described. •Valid as Acantholebias Costa 2008 -- (Alonso et al. 2023:10 [ref. 40292]). Current status: Valid as Acantholebias Costa 2008. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae.

Acrolebias (subgenus of Austrolebias) Costa [W. J. E. M.] 2008:51 Masc. Cynolebias carvalhoi Myers 1947. Type by original designation. •Synonym of Austrolebias Costa 1998, but a valid subgenus as described. •Valid as Acrolebias Costa 2008 -- (Alonso et al. 2023:12 [ref. 40292]). Current status: Valid as Acrolebias Costa 2008. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae.

Amatolebias Alonso [F.], Terán [G. E.], Alanís [W. S. S.], Calviño [P.], Montes [M. M.], García [I. D.], Barneche [J. A.], Almirón [A.], Ciotek [L.], Giorgis [P.] & Casciotta [J. R.] 2023:7 Masc. Austrolebias wichi Alonso, Terán, Calviño, García, Cardoso & García 2018. Type by original designation. •Valid as Amatolebias Alonso, Terán, Alanís, Calviño, Montes, García, Barneche, Almirón, Ciotek, Giorgis & Casciotta 2023. Current status: Valid as Amatolebias Alonso, Terán, Alanís, Calviño, Montes, García, Barneche, Almirón et al. 2023. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae.

Anablepsoides (subgenus of Rivulus) Huber [J. H.] 1992:43 Masc. Rivulus atratus Garman 1895. Type by monotypy. Huber 2012 [ref. 32949] regards some taxa as synonyms of Rivulus based on a reappraisal of Rivilus with a morphological and molecular analysis. •Synonym of Rivulus Poey 1860 -- (Costa 1998:77 [ref. 23792], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:534 [ref. 27061], Huber 2012:17 [ref. 32947]). •Synonym of Rivulus Poey 1860, but a valid subgenus Anablepsoides -- (Lazara 2001:269 [ref. 25711], Costa 2006:147 [ref. 28875], Schindler & Valdesalici 2011:113 [ref. 31382]). •Valid as Anablepsoides Huber 1992 -- (Costa 2011:242 [ref. 31655], Costa 2013:345 [ref. 32528], Costa et al. 2013:283 [ref. 33108], Valdesalici & Schindler 2013:295 [ref. 33109], Valdesalici 2015:241 [ref. 34049], Nielsen et al. 2016:69 [ref. 34406], Nielsen 2016:165 [ref. 34861], Valdesalici & Gil 2017:11 [ref. 35110], Loureiro et al. 2018:6 [ref. 36240], Valdesalici & Gil 2019:1 [ref. 37074], Nielsen & Veiga 2021:5 [ref. 38269], Nielsen et al. 2022:27 [ref. 39105]). Current status: Valid as Anablepsoides Huber 1992. Rivulidae: Rivulinae.

Aphyolebias Costa [W. J. E. M.] 1998:78 Masc. Pterolebias peruensis Myers 1954. Type by original designation. •Valid as Aphyolebias Costa 1998 -- (Lazara 2001:5 [ref. 25711], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:526 [ref. 27061], Costa 2003:156 [ref. 27616], Costa 2004:2 [ref. 27874], Costa 2004:2 [ref. 27924], Costa 2005:24 [ref. 28393], Huber 2005:14 [ref. 28394]). •Synonym of Moema Costa 1989 -- (Costa 2014:177 [ref. 35439], Loureiro et al. 2018:5 [ref. 36240]). Current status: Synonym of Moema Costa 1989. Rivulidae: Rivulinae.

Argolebias (subgenus of Austrolebias) Costa [W. J. E. M.] 2008:51 Masc. Cynolebias nigripinnis Regan 1912. Type by original designation. •Synonym of Austrolebias Costa 1998, but a valid subgenus as described. •Valid as Argolebias Costa 2008 -- (Alonso et al. 2023:8 [ref. 40292], Alonsa et al. 2024:298 [ref. 40863]). Current status: Valid as Argolebias Costa 2008. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae.

Atlantirivulus (subgenus of Rivulus) Costa [W. J. E. M.] 2008:46 Masc. Rivulus santensis Köhler 1906. Type by original designation. Huber 2012 [ref. 32947] regards some taxa as synonyms of Rivulus based on a reappraisal of Rivulus with a morphological and molecular analysis. •Synonym of Rivulus Poey 1860, but a valid subgenus Atlantirivulus -- (Costa 2008:46 [ref. 29622], Huber 2012:17 [ref. 32947]). •Valid as Atlantirivulus Costa 2008 -- (Costa 2011:243 [ref. 31655], Costa 2014:9 [ref. 33307], Bertaco et al. 2016:423 [ref. 34561], Loureiro et al. 2018:6 [ref. 36240], Volcan et al. 2024:92 [ref. 41345]). Current status: Valid as Atlantirivulus Costa 2008. Rivulidae: Rivulinae.

Austrofundulus Myers [G. S.] 1932:159 Masc. Austrofundulus transilis Myers 1932. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Rachovia Myers 1927 -- (Costa 1990:85 [ref. 16650], Costa 2014:177 [ref. 35439], Loureiro et al. 2018:6 [ref. 36240]). •Valid as Austrofundulus Myers 1932 -- (Taphorn & Thomerson 1978:407 [ref. 4337], Parenti 1981:487 [ref. 7066], Costa 1998:80 [ref. 23792], Huber 1999:40 [ref. 23834], Murphy et al. 1999:293 [ref. 25492], Lazara 2001:57 [ref. 25711], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:527 [ref. 27061], Costa 2004:2 [ref. 27874], Hrbek et al. 2005:12 [ref. 28063], Huber 2005:15 [ref. 28394]). Current status: Valid as Austrofundulus Myers 1932. Rivulidae: Rivulinae.

Austrolebias Costa [W. J. E. M.] 1998:75 Masc. Cynolebias bellottii Steindachner 1881. Type by original designation. •Valid as Austrolebias Costa 1998 -- (Lazara 2001:59 [ref. 25711], Costa & Cheffe 2001:180 [ref. 25851], Costa 2002:916 [ref. 26505], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:527 [ref. 27061], Costa et al. 2004:13 [ref. 27657], Costa 2004:2 [ref. 27874], Loureiro et al. 2004:21 [ref. 27658], Huber 2005:15 [ref. 28394], Calviño 2005:183 [ref. 28679], Costa 2006:10 [ref. 28708], Calviño 2007:22 [ref. 29117], Loureiro & García 2008:1 [ref. 30099], Ferrer dos Santos et al. 2008:175 [ref. 29705], Costa 2009:179 [ref. 30417], Costa 2009:149 [ref. 30511], Costa 2009:180 [ref. 30417], Costa 2010:1996 [ref. 30858], Costa 2011:98 [ref. 31504], Loureiro et al. 2011:335 [ref. 31392], Montãna et al. 2012:589 [ref. 32122], Lanés et al. 2014:117 [ref. 33234], Costa 2014:25 [ref. 33309], Costa 2014:97 [ref. 33514], Volcan et al. 2014:161 [ref. 33543], Nielsen & Pillet 2015:172 [ref. 34011], Alonso et al. 2016:1 [ref. 34643], Bertaco et al. 2016:423 [ref. 34561], Volcan et al. 2017:387 [ref. 35260], Costa et al. 2017:139 [ref. 35626], Volcan et al. 2017:141 [ref. 35644], Alonso et al. 2018:1 [ref. 35938], Loureiro et al. 2018:9 [ref. 36240], Serra & Loureiro 2018:547 [ref. 36329], García et al. 2019:[1] [ref. 36487], Volcan & Severo-Neto 2019:541 [ref. 36539], Fernandes et al. 2020:[3] 3 [ref. 38700], Lanés et al. 2021:499 [ref. 38189], Volcan et al. 2021:87 [ref. 38292], Alonso et al. 2023:9 [ref. 40292], Drawert & Ergueta 2024:1 [ref. 41211]). Current status: Valid as Austrolebias Costa 1998. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae.

Bathylebias (subgenus of Cynolebias) Costa [W. J. E. M.] 2008:56 Masc. Cynolebias griseus Costa, Lacerda & Brasil 1990. Type by original designation. •Synonym of Cynolebias Steindachner 1876, but a valid subgenus Bathylebias as described. Current status: Synonym of Cynolebias Steindachner 1876. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae.

Benirivulus (subgenus of Rivulus) Costa [W. J. E. M.] 2006:150 Masc. Rivulus beniensis Myers 1927. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Uncertain -- (Huber 2012:17 [ref. 32947]). •Synonym of Anablepsoides Huber 1992 -- (Costa 2011:242 [ref. 31193]). Current status: Synonym of Anablepsoides Huber 1992. Rivulidae: Rivulinae.

Campellolebias Vaz-Ferreira [R.] & Sierra de Soriano [B.] 1974:14 Masc. Campellolebias brucei Vaz-Ferreira & Sierra de Soriano 1974. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Cynolebias Steindachner 1876 -- (Parenti 1981:490 [ref. 7066]). •Valid as Campellolebias Vaz-Ferreira & Sierra de Soriano 1974 -- (Costa et al. 1989 [ref. 9292], Costa 1990:88 [ref. 16650], Costa 1995:96 [ref. 22097], Costa 1995:349 [ref. 22103], Costa 1998:74 [ref. 23792], Murphy et al. 1999:292 [ref. 25492], Lazara 2001:69 [ref. 25711], Costa 2002:11 [ref. 26061], Costa 2002:280 [ref. 26544], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:528 [ref. 27061], Costa 2004:2 [ref. 27874], Huber 2005:15 [ref. 28394], Costa 2006:34 [ref. 28724], Costa 2008:147 [ref. 29596], Costa 2012:313 [ref. 31750], Costa 2014:25 [ref. 33309], Costa 2016:129 [ref. 34776] in Cynopoecilini, Loureiro et al. 2018:7 [ref. 36240]). Current status: Valid as Campellolebias Vaz-Ferreira & Sierra de Soriano 1974. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae.

Cryptolebias Costa [W. J. E. M.] 2004:115 Masc. Fundulus brasiliensis Valenciennes 1821. Type by original designation. Preoccupied by Cryptolebias Gaudant 1978 in fossil fishes. Replaced by Kryptolebias Costa 2004:107 [ref. 28584]. •Synonym of Kryptolebias Costa 2004 -- (Vermeulen & Hrbek 2005:17 [ref. 28142], Huber 2005:15 [ref. 28394]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Kryptolebias Costa 2004. Rivulidae: Kryptolebiatinae.

Cynodonichthys Meek [S. E.] 1904:101 Masc. Cynodonichthys tenuis Meek 1904. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Huber 2012 [ref. 32947] regards some taxa as synonyms of Rivulus based on a reappraisal of Rivulus with a morphological and molecular analysis. •Synonym of Rivulus Poey 1860, but a valid subgenus Cynodonichthys -- (Lazara 2001:269 [ref. 25711], Costa 2006:139 [ref. 28875], Huber 2012:17 [ref. 32947], Vermeulen 2013:42 [ref. 33089]). •Synonym of Rivulus Poey 1860 -- (Parenti 1981:481 [ref. 7066], Costa 1990:85 [ref. 16650], Costa 1991:328 [ref. 20644], Costa 1998:77 [ref. 23792], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:534 [ref. 27061], Gomes 2023:4 [ref. 40174]). •Valid as Cynodonichthys Meek 1904 -- (Costa 2011:241 [ref. 31655], Loureiro et al. 2018:6 [ref. 36240]). Current status: Valid as Cynodonichthys Meek 1904. Rivulidae: Rivulinae.

Cynolebias Steindachner [F.] 1876:172 Masc. Cynolebias porosus Steindachner 1876. Type by monotypy. Misspelled Cynelebias in Zoological Record for 1876. •Valid as Cynolebias Steindachner 1876 -- (Parenti 1981:490 [ref. 7066], Amato 1986 [ref. 9170], Costa et al. 1988 [ref. 6372], Malabarba 1989:158 [ref. 14217], Costa 1989 [ref. 14323], Costa 1990:86 [ref. 16650], Costa & Brasil 1990 [ref. 14543], Costa & Brasil 1991 [ref. 16651], Lazara 1991:139 [ref. 20508], Costa & Brasil 1993 [ref. 21101], Costa 1995:33 [ref. 22097], Costa 1998:76 [ref. 23792], Murphy et al. 1999:292 [ref. 25492], Lazara 2001:77 [ref. 25711], Costa 2001:347 [ref. 25719], Costa 2002:916 [ref. 26505], Costa 2002:379 [ref. 26544], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:529 [ref. 27061], Costa 2004:2 [ref. 27874], Huber 2005:15 [ref. 28394], Costa et al. 2007:129 [ref. 29226], Costa 2009:145, 147, 149 [ref. 30511], Costa 2010:1996 [ref. 30858], Costa et al. 2010:283 [ref. 30866], Costa et al. 2013:1 [ref. 32952], Costa 2014:25 [ref. 33309], Costa 2014:79 [ref. 33510], Costa 2016:129 [ref. 34776] in Cynopoecilini, Costa 2017:333 [ref. 35623], Loureiro et al. 2018:8 [ref. 36240], Nielsen et al. 2018:113 [ref. 35996]). Current status: Valid as Cynolebias Steindachner 1876. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae.

Cynopoecilus Regan [C. T.] 1912:642 Masc. Cynolebias melanotaenia Regan 1912. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Cynolebias Steindachner 1876 -- (Parenti 1981:490 [ref. 7066]). •Valid as Cynopoecilus Regan 1912 -- (Costa 1990:88 [ref. 16650], Costa 1995:100 [ref. 22097], Costa 1998:73 [ref. 23792], Lazara 2001:79 [ref. 25711], Costa 2002:12 [ref. 26061], Costa 2002:280 [ref. 26544], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:530 [ref. 27061], Costa 2004:2 [ref. 27874], Huber 2005:15 [ref. 28394], Costa 2008:147 [ref. 29596], Costa 2014:25 [ref. 33309], Ferrer et al. 2014:846 [ref. 33589], Costa et al. 2016:1 [ref. 34354], Bertaco et al. 2016:424 [ref. 34561], Costa 2016:129 [ref. 34776], Loureiro et al. 2018:7 [ref. 36240]). Current status: Valid as Cynopoecilus Regan 1912. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae.

Cypholebias (subgenus of Austrolebias) Costa [W. J. E. M.] 2008:56 Masc. Cynolebias robustus Günther 1883. Type by original designation. •Synonym of Austrolebias Costa 1998, but a valid subgenus as described. •Valid as Cypholebias Costa 2008 -- (Alonso et al. 2023:12 [ref. 40292]). Current status: Valid as Cypholebias Costa 2008. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae.

Garcialebias Alonso [F.], Terán [G. E.], Alanís [W. S. S.], Calviño [P.], Montes [M. M.], García [I. D.], Barneche [J. A.], Almirón [A.], Ciotek [L.], Giorgis [P.] & Casciotta [J. R.] 2023:13 Masc. Cynolebias reicherti Loureiro & García 2004. Type by original designation. •Valid as Garcialebias Alonso, Terán, Alanís, Calviño, Montes, García, Barneche, Almirón, Ciotek, Giorgis & Casciotta 2023. Current status: Valid as Garcialebias Alonso, Terán, Alanís, Calviño, Montes, García, Barneche, Almirón et al. 2023. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae.

Gnatholebias Costa [W. J. E. M.] 1998:77 Masc. Pterolebias zonatus Myers 1935. Type by original designation. •Synonym of Pterolebias Garman 1895 -- (Schindler 2004:74 [ref. 28034]). •Valid as Gnatholebias Costa 1998 -- (Lazara 2001:167 [ref. 25711], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:530 [ref. 27061], Costa 2003:156 [ref. 27616], Costa 2004:2 [ref. 27874], Costa 2005:21 [ref. 28393], Huber 2005:14 [ref. 28394], Costa 2014:177 [ref. 35439], Loureiro et al. 2018:6 [ref. 36240]). Current status: Valid as Gnatholebias Costa 1998. Rivulidae: Rivulinae.

Gymnolebias (subgenus of Austrolebias) Costa [W. J. E. M.] 2008:55 Masc. Cynolebias gymnoventris Amato 1986. Type by original designation. •Synonym of Austrolebias Costa 1998 but a valid subgenus as described. •Valid as Gymnolebias Costa 2008 -- (Alonso et al. 2023:10 [ref. 40292]). Current status: Valid as Gymnolebias Costa 2008. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae.

Hypsolebias (subgenus of Simpsonichthys) Costa [W. J. E. M.] 2006:17 Masc. Cynolebias flavicaudatus Costa & Brasil 1990. Type by original designation. •Synonym of Simpsonichthys Carvalho 1959, but a valid subgenus Hypsolebias as described -- (Costa 2007:54 [ref. 29445], Nielsen et al. 2010:57 [ref. 30828], Costa 2010:1997 [ref. 30858]). •Valid as Hypsolebias Costa 2006 -- (Costa & Amorim 2011:99 [ref. 31380], Costa 2011:221 [ref. 31654], Costa et al. 2012:72 [ref. 31845], Nielsen et al. 2012:63 [ref. 32283], Costa et al. 2013:1 [ref. 32952], Costa 2013:141 [ref. 33008], Nielsen et al. 2014:27 [ref. 33143], Costa 2014:25 [ref. 33309], Nielsen et al. 2014:131 [ref. 33451], Ponzetto et al. 2016:[7] [ref. 34144] but paraphyletic, Britzke et al. 2016:123 [ref. 34461], Costa et al. 2018:141 [ref. 36034], Loureiro et al. 2018:8 [ref. 36240], Costa et al. 2018:495 [ref. 36319], Ramos et al. 2023:1 [ref. 40546], Abrantes et al. 2023:545 [ref. 40706]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias Costa 2006. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae.

Kryptolebias Costa [W. J. E. M.] 2004:107 Masc. Fundulus brasiliensis Valenciennes 1821. Type by being a replacement name. Replacement name for Cryptolebias Costa 2004, preoccupied by Cryptolebias Gaudant 1978 in fossil fishes. •Valid as Kryptolebias Costa 2004 -- (Vermeulen & Hrbek 2005:1 [ref. 28142], Huber 2005:15 [ref. 28394], Costa 2006:6 [ref. 28624], Costa 2007:7 [ref. 29397], Scharpf 2007:10 [ref. 30398], Costa 2011:185 [ref. 31358], Huber 2012:17 [ref. 32947], Berbel-Filho et al. 2016:[1] [ref. 34830], Costa 2016:183 [ref. 34932], Loureiro et al. 2018:3 [ref. 36240]). Current status: Valid as Kryptolebias Costa 2004. Rivulidae: Kryptolebiatinae.

Laimosemion (subgenus of Rivulus) Huber [J. H.] 1999:49 Neut. Rivulus geayi Vaillant 1899. Type by original designation. Huber 2012 [ref. 32947] regards some taxa as synonyms of Rivulus based on a reappraisal of Rivulus with a morphological and molecular analysis. •Synonym of Rivulus Poey 1860 -- (Costa in Reis et al. 2003:534 [ref. 27061], Huber 2012:17 [ref. 32947]). •Synonym of Rivulus Poey 1860, but a valid subgenus Laimosemion -- (Lazara 2001:269 [ref. 25711], Costa 2006:152 [ref. 28875], Vermeulen et al. 2013:187 [ref. 32954]). •Valid as Laimosemion Huber 1999 -- (Costa 2011:239 [ref. 31655], Vermeulen et al. 2012:182 [ref. 32253], Costa & Bragança 2013:93 [ref. 32797], Costa & Lazzarotto 2014:371 [ref. 33247], Valdesalici & García Gil 2015:166 [ref. 34010], Valdesalici 2016:279 [ref. 34270], Valdesalici & Nielsen 2017:97 [ref. 35496], Loureiro et al. 2018:6 [ref. 36240], Nielsen et al. 2022:37 [ref. 39106]). Current status: Valid as Laimosemion Huber 1999. Rivulidae: Rivulinae.

Leptolebias (subgenus of Cynolebias) Myers [G. S.] 1952:140 Masc. Cynopoecilus marmoratus Ladiges 1934. Type by original designation. •Synonym of Cynolebias Steindachner 1876 -- (Parenti 1981:490 [ref. 7066]). •Valid as Leptolebias Myers 1952 -- (Costa 1990:88 [ref. 16650], Costa 1995:85 [ref. 22097], Costa 1998:73 [ref. 23792], Murphy et al. 1999:292 [ref. 25492], Lazara 2001:193 [ref. 25711], Costa 2002:11 [ref. 26061], Costa 2002:917 [ref. 26505], Costa 2002:380 [ref. 26544], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:530 [ref. 27061], Costa 2004:2 [ref. 27874], Huber 2005:15 [ref. 28394], Costa 2008:149 [ref. 29596], Costa 2013:357 [ref. 32567], Costa 2014:25 [ref. 33309], Costa 2016:129 [ref. 34776] in Cynopoecilini, Loureiro et al. 2018:7 [ref. 36240]). Current status: Valid as Leptolebias Myers 1952. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae.

Leptopanchax Costa [W. J. E. M.] 2016:128 Masc. Cynolebias citrinipinnis Costa, Lacerda & Tanizaki 1988. Type by original designation. In Cynopoecilini. •Valid as Leptopanchax Costa 2016 -- (Loureiro et al. 2018:7 [ref. 36240], Costa 2019:73 [ref. 36869]). Current status: Valid as Leptopanchax Costa 2016. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae.

Llanolebias Hrbek [T.] & Taphorn [D. C.] 2008:36 Masc. Rivulus stellifer Thomerson & Turner 1973. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Llanolebias Hrbek & Taphorn 2008 -- (Costa 2014:177 [ref. 35439], Loureiro et al. 2018:6 [ref. 36240]). Current status: Valid as Llanolebias Hrbek & Taphorn 2008. Rivulidae: Rivulinae.

Maratecoara Costa [W. J. E. M.] 1995:68 Fem. Cynolebias lacortei Lazara 1991. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Also appeared later in Costa 1995:21 [ref. 22097]. •Valid as Maratecoara Costa 1995 -- (Costa 1998:81 [ref. 23792], Costa 1998:140 [ref. 23879], Murphy et al. 1999:293 [ref. 25492], Lazara 2001:201 [ref. 25711], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:531 [ref. 27061], Costa 2004:2 [ref. 27874], Huber 2005:15 [ref. 28394], Costa 2007:31 [ref. 28993], Huber 2012:14 [ref. 32947], Nielsen et al. 2014:87 [ref. 33275], Loureiro et al. 2018:5 [ref. 36240]). Current status: Valid as Maratecoara Costa 1995. Rivulidae: Rivulinae.

Matilebias Alonso [F.], Terán [G. E.], Alanís [W. S. S.], Calviño [P.], Montes [M. M.], García [I. D.], Barneche [J. A.], Almirón [A.], Ciotek [L.], Giorgis [P.] & Casciotta [J. R.] 2023:9 Masc. Cynolebias alexandri Castello & López 1974. Type by original designation. •Valid as Matilebias Alonso, Terán, Alanís, Calviño, Montes, García, Barneche, Almirón, Ciotek, Giorgis & Casciotta 2023. Current status: Valid as Matilebias Alonso, Terán, Alanís, Calviño, Montes, García, Barneche, Almirón et al. 2023. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae.

Megalebias Costa [W. J. E. M.] 1998:76 Masc. Cynolebias wolterstorffi Ahl 1924. Type by original designation. •Synonym of Austrolebias Costa 1998 -- (Costa 2006:10 [ref. 28708]). •Synonym of Austrolebias Costa 1998, but a valid subgenus as described -- (Costa 2008:55 [ref. 30126]). •Valid as Megalebias Costa 1998 -- (Lazara 2001:203 [ref. 25711], Costa 2002:916 [ref. 26505], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:531 [ref. 27061], Costa 2004:2 [ref. 27874], Huber 2005:15 [ref. 28394], Alonso et al. 2023:11 [ref. 40292]). Current status: Valid as Megalebias Costa 1998. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae.

Melanorivulus (subgenus of Rivulus) Costa [W. J. E. M.] 2006:161 Masc. Rivulus punctatus Boulenger 1895. Type by original designation. Huber 2012 [ref. 32947] regards some taxa as synonyms of Rivulus based on a reappraisal of Rivulus with a morphological and molecular analysis. •Synonym of Rivulus Poey 1860 but a valid subgenus Melanorivulus as described -- (Costa 2007:194 [ref. 29337], Costa 2007:55 [ref. 29394], Costa 2008:313 [ref. 29388], Costa 2008:345 [ref. 29385], Costa 2008:351 [ref. 29384], Costa & Brasil 2008:82 [ref. 29541], Schindler & Etzel 2008:35 [ref. 29621], Costa 2010:369 [ref. 30690], Costa 2010:193 [ref. 30143], Costa & De Luca 2011:289 [ref. 31185], Valdesalici et al. 2011:105 [ref. 31381], Huber 2012:17 [ref. 32947]). •Valid as Melanorivulus Costa 2006 -- (Costa 2011:240 [ref. 31655], Bragança et al. 2012:51 [ref. 32067], Costa 2012:57 [ref. 32069], Costa 2012:211 [ref. 32292], Costa 2013:277 [ref. 33107], Costa et al. 2014:193 [ref. 33400], Nielsen & Pinto 2015:136 [ref. 33903], Costa et al. 2015:31 [ref. 33784], Nielsen et al. 2016:79 [ref. 34407], Costa 2016:107 [ref. 34900], Costa et al. 2016:267 [ref. 35405], Costa 2017:51 [ref. 35046], Volcan et al. 2017:82 [ref. 35156], Nielsen 2017:55 [ref. 35340], Deprá et al. 2017:111 [ref. 35503], Costa 2018:17 [ref. 35717], Loureiro et al. 2018:6 [ref. 36240], Volcan et al. 2018:263 [ref. 35895], Nielsen & Britzke 2019:35 [ref. 36525], Ywamoto et al. 2020:125 [ref. 37763], Nielsen & Ohara 2024:332 [ref. 41421], Volcan et al. 2024:1493 [ref. 41484]). Current status: Valid as Melanorivulus Costa 2006. Rivulidae: Rivulinae.

Micromoema Costa [W. J. E. M.] 1998:78 Fem. Pterolebias xiphophorus Thomerson & Taphorn 1992. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Micromoema Costa 1998 -- (Lazara 2001:207 [ref. 25711], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:531 [ref. 27061], Costa 2004:2 [ref. 27874], Costa 2005:24 [ref. 28393], Huber 2005:15 [ref. 28394], Costa 2014:177 [ref. 35439], Loureiro et al. 2018:6 [ref. 36240]). Current status: Valid as Micromoema Costa 1998. Rivulidae: Rivulinae.

Millerichthys Costa [W. J. E. M.] 1995:18 Masc. Rivulus robustus Miller & Hubbs 1974. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Preoccupied by Millerichthys Miller 1892 in fossil fishes (Miller 1892:716 [ref. 41076]) that was proposed as a replacement name for Pterichthys Agassiz 1841 (Agassiz in Miller 1841:46, Pl. 1 [ref. 41078]), also appearing as nomen nudum in Agassiz 1841 (Agassiz [ex Miller] in Murchison 1841: Transactions p. 99, footnote [ref. 41077]), preoccupied by Pterichthys Swainson 1839 in Recent fishes. Millerichthys Miller 1892 has not been used as valid since 1899, while Millerichthys Costa 1995 was used as valid more than 25 times (R. Fricke, pers. comm., May 2024), so according to ICZN Art. 23.9 reversal or precedence is applied; Millerichthys Costa 1995 is here treated as nomen protectum, and Millerichthys Miller 1892 as nomen oblitum. •Valid as Millerichthys Costa 1995 -- (Costa 1998:79 [ref. 23792], Huber 1999:40 [ref. 23834], Lazara 2001:209 [ref. 25711], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:531 [ref. 27061], Costa 2004:2 [ref. 27874], Huber 2005:15 [ref. 28394], Scharpf 2007:11 [ref. 30398], Loureiro et al. 2018:6 [ref. 36240]). Nomen Protectum. Current status: Valid as Millerichthys Costa 1995. Rivulidae: Rivulinae.

Moema Costa [W. J. E. M.] 1989:223 Fem. Moema piriana Costa 1989. Type by original designation. •Valid as Moema Costa 1989 -- (Costa 1990:87 [ref. 16650], Costa 1998:79 [ref. 23792], Huber 1999:40 [ref. 23834], Murphy et al. 1999:293 [ref. 25492], Lazara 2001:211 [ref. 25711], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:532 [ref. 27061], Huber 2003:14 [ref. 27251], Costa 2003:289 [ref. 27396], Costa 2003:167 [ref. 27617], Costa 2003:2 [ref. 27634], Costa 2004:2 [ref. 27874], Costa 2004:2 [ref. 27924], Huber 2005:15 [ref. 28394], Costa 2014:177 [ref. 35439], Valdesalici et al. 2015:129 [ref. 33902], Valdesalici 2016:66 [ref. 34174], Loureiro et al. 2018:5 [ref. 36240], Valdesalici 2019:103 [ref. 36959], Drawert 2022:1 [ref. 39805], Valdesalici 2023:594 [ref. 40677]). Current status: Valid as Moema Costa 1989. Rivulidae: Rivulinae.

Mucurilebias Costa [W. J. E. M.] 2014:26 Masc. Cynolebias leitaoi Da Cruz & Peixoto 1992. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Mucurilebias Costa 2014 -- (Costa 2016:127 [ref. 34776] in Cynopoecilini, Loureiro et al. 2018:7 [ref. 36240]). Current status: Valid as Mucurilebias Costa 2014. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae.

Nematolebias Costa [W. J. E. M.] 1998:75 Masc. Cynolebias whitei Myers 1942. Type by original designation. •Valid as Nematolebias Costa 1998 -- (Lazara 2001:213 [ref. 25711], Costa 2002:42 [ref. 26064], Costa 2002:917 [ref. 26505], Costa 2006:15 [ref. 28620], Costa 2009:149 [ref. 30511], Costa 2010:1996 [ref. 30858], Costa et al. 2014:225 [ref. 33239], Costa 2014:25 [ref. 33309], Loureiro et al. 2018:8 [ref. 36240]). Current status: Valid as Nematolebias Costa 1998. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae.

Neofundulus Myers [G. S.] 1924:9 Masc. Fundulus paraguayensis Eigenmann & Kennedy 1903. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Neofundulus Myers 1924 -- (Parenti 1981:489 [ref. 7066], Costa 1988 [ref. 14292], Costa 1990:87 [ref. 16650], Costa 1993:616 [ref. 21314], Costa 1998:78 [ref. 23792], Huber 1999:40 [ref. 23834], Britski et al. 1999:140 [ref. 24147], Murphy et al. 1999:293 [ref. 25492], Lazara 2001:215 [ref. 25711], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:532 [ref. 27061], Costa 2004:2 [ref. 27874], Huber 2005:14 [ref. 28394], Nielsen & Brousseau 2013:109 [ref. 32795], Costa 2014:177 [ref. 35439], Loureiro et al. 2018:5 [ref. 36240]). Current status: Valid as Neofundulus Myers 1924. Rivulidae: Rivulinae.

Notholebias Costa [W. J. E. M.] 2008:156 Masc. Cynolebias minimus Myers 1942. Type by original designation. •Valid as Notholebias Costa 2008 -- (Costa & Amorim 2013:63 [ref. 32799], Costa 2014:25 [ref. 33309], Costa 2016:128 [ref. 34776] in Cynopoecilini, Loureiro et al. 2018:8 [ref. 36240]). Current status: Valid as Notholebias Costa 2008. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae.

Oditichthys (subgenus of Rivulus) Huber [J. H.] 1999:49 Masc. Rivulus igneus Huber 1991. Type by original designation. •Synonym of Rivulus Poey 1860, but a valid subgenus Oditichthys as described -- (Lazara 2001:269 [ref. 25711]). •Synonym of Rivulus Poey 1860 -- (Costa in Reis et al. 2003:534 [ref. 27061], Costa & De Luca 2011:356 [ref. 31193], Huber 2012:17 [ref. 32947]). •Synonym of Rivulus Poey 1860, subgenus Cynodonichthys Meek 1904 -- (Costa 2006:139 [ref. 28875]). •Synonym of Anablepsoides Huber 1992 -- (Costa 2011:242 [ref. 31655]). Current status: Synonym of Anablepsoides Huber 1992. Rivulidae: Rivulinae.

Ophthalmolebias (subgenus of Simpsonichthys) Costa [W. J. E. M.] 2006:16 Masc. Simpsonichthys constanciae Myers 1942. Type by original designation. •Synonym of Simpsonichthys Carvalho 1959 but a valid subgenus Ophthalmolebias as described -- (Costa 2007:12 [ref. 29445], Costa 2010:1997 [ref. 30858], Costa & Lima 2010:205 [ref. 31041]). •Valid as Ophthalmolebias Costa 2006 -- (Costa 2010:301 [ref. 31187], Costa 2014:25 [ref. 33309], Ponzetto et al. 2016:[7] [ref. 34144] as Ophtalmolebias, Loureiro et al. 2018:8 [ref. 36240]). Current status: Valid as Ophthalmolebias Costa 2006. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae.

Owiyeye (subgenus of Rivulus) Costa [W. J. E. M.] 2006:156 Masc. Rivulus amanapira Costa 2004. Type by original designation. •Synonym of Rivulus Poey 1860 but a valid subgenus Owiyeye as described -- (Costa & Souza 2009:64 [ref. 30289], Schindler & Valdesalici 2011:109 [ref. 31382]). •Synonym of Rivulus Poey 1860 -- (Huber 2012:17 [ref. 32947]). •Synonym of Laimosemion Huber 1999 -- (Costa 2011:239 [ref. 31655]). •Synonym of Laimosemion Huber 1999, but a valid subgenus Owiyeye Costa 2006 -- (Costa & Bragança 2013:93 [ref. 32697], Valdesalici 2016:279 [ref. 34270], Nielsen et al. 2022:37 [ref. 39106]). Current status: Synonym of Laimosemion Huber 1999. Rivulidae: Rivulinae.

Papiliolebias (subgenus of Plesiolebias) Costa [W. J. E. M.] 1998:319 Masc. Plesiolebias bitteri Costa 1989. Type by monotypy (also monotypic). •Valid as Papiliolebias Costa 1998 -- (Costa 1998:81 [ref. 23792], Lazara 2001:249 [ref. 25711], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:532 [ref. 27061], Costa 2004:2 [ref. 27874], Huber 2005:15 [ref. 28394], Azpelicueta et al. 2009:313 [ref. 30672], Huber 2012:14 [ref. 32947], Nielsen & Brousseau 2014:53 [ref. 33146], Valdesalici & Brousseau 2014:117 [ref. 33449], Valdesalici et al. 2016:155 [ref. 34860], Loureiro et al. 2018:5 [ref. 36240]). Current status: Valid as Papiliolebias Costa 1998. Rivulidae: Rivulinae.

Pituna Costa [W. J. E. M.] 1989:225 Fem. Pituna poranga Costa 1989. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Pituna Costa 1989 -- (Costa 1990:87 [ref. 16650], Costa 1998:80 [ref. 23792], Costa 1998:140 [ref. 23879], Huber 1999:40 [ref. 23834], Murphy et al. 1999:293 [ref. 25492], Lazara 2001:251 [ref. 25711], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:532 [ref. 27061], Costa 2004:2 [ref. 27874], Huber 2005:15 [ref. 28394], Costa 2007:4 [ref. 28993], Huber 2012:14 [ref. 32947], Loureiro et al. 2018:5 [ref. 36240]). Current status: Valid as Pituna Costa 1989. Rivulidae: Rivulinae.

Plesiolebias Costa [W. J. E. M.] 1989:193 Masc. Cynolebias xavantei Costa, Lacerda & Tanizaki 1988. Type by original designation. Date of publication is 1989. Also appeared in Costa 1990 (28 Feb.):86 [ref. 16650]. •Valid as Plesiolebias Costa 1989 -- (Costa 1991 [ref. 13611], Costa 1995:24 [ref. 22097], Costa 1995:73 [ref. 21612], Costa 1998:318 [ref. 23324], Costa 1998:81 [ref. 23792], Costa 1998:140 [ref. 23879], Britski et al. 1999:139 [ref. 24147], Murphy et al. 1999:293 [ref. 25492], Lazara 2001:257 [ref. 25711], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:533 [ref. 27061], Costa 2004:2 [ref. 27874], Huber 2005:15 [ref. 28394], Costa 2007:20 [ref. 28993], Huber 2012:14 [ref. 32947], Loureiro et al. 2018:5 [ref. 36240]). Current status: Valid as Plesiolebias Costa 1989. Rivulidae: Rivulinae.

Poecilopanchax (subgenus of Cynopoecilus) Costa [W. J. E. M.] 2016:129 Masc. Cynopoecilus notabilis Ferrer, Wingert & Malabarba 2014. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Cynopoecilus Regan 1912, but a valid subgenus as described. Current status: Synonym of Cynopoecilus Regan 1912. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae.

Prorivulus Costa [W. J. E. M.], Lima [S. M. Q.] & Suzart [R. dos R.] in Costa 2004:3 Masc. Prorivulus auriferus Costa, Lima & Suzart 2004. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Huber 2012 [ref. 32947] regards some taxa as synonyms of Rivulus based on a reappraisal of Rivulus with a morphological and molecular analysis. •Synonym of Rivulus Poey 1860, but a valid subgenus as described -- (Huber 2012:17 [ref. 32947]). •Valid as Prorivulus Costa, Lima & Suzart 2004 -- (Huber 2005:14 [ref. 28394], Loureiro et al. 2018:6 [ref. 36240]). Current status: Valid as Prorivulus Costa, Lima & Suzart 2004. Rivulidae: Rivulinae.

Pterolebias Garman [S.] 1895:141 Masc. Pterolebias longipinnis Garman 1895. Type by monotypy. •Valid as Pterolebias Garman 1895 -- (Parenti 1981:485 [ref. 7066], Costa 1988 [ref. 14438], Costa 1990:87 [ref. 16650], Costa et al. 1996:91 [ref. 22215], Costa 1998:77 [ref. 23792], Huber 1999:40 [ref. 23834], Britski et al. 1999:139 [ref. 24147], Murphy et al. 1999:293 [ref. 25492], Lazara 2001:263 [ref. 25711], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:533 [ref. 27061], Costa 2003:156 [ref. 27616], Schindler 2004:71 [ref. 28034], Costa 2005:8 [ref. 28393], Huber 2005:14 [ref. 28394], Costa 2014:177 [ref. 35439], Loureiro et al. 2018:5 [ref. 36240]). Current status: Valid as Pterolebias Garman 1895. Rivulidae: Rivulinae.

Rachovia Myers [G. S.] 1927:119 Fem. Rivulus brevis Regan 1912. Type by original designation. •Valid as Rachovia Myers 1927 -- (Taphorn & Thomerson 1978:387 [ref. 4337], Parenti 1981:486 [ref. 7066], Costa 1990:85 [ref. 16650], Costa 1998:80 [ref. 23792], Huber 1999:40 [ref. 23834], Murphy et al. 1999:293 [ref. 25492], Lazara 2001:265 [ref. 25711], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:533 [ref. 27061], Costa 2004:2 [ref. 27874], Huber 2005:15 [ref. 28394], Costa 2014:177 [ref. 35439], Loureiro et al. 2018:3, 5 [ref. 36240], Berkenkamp 2020:1 [ref. 37695]). Current status: Valid as Rachovia Myers 1927. Rivulidae: Rivulinae.

Renova Thomerson [J. E.] & Taphorn [D. C.] 1995:186 Fem. Renova oscari Thomerson & Taphorn 1995. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Renova Thomerson & Taphorn 1995 -- (Costa 1998:79 [ref. 23792], Huber 1999:40 [ref. 23834], Murphy et al. 1999:296 [ref. 25492], Lazara 2001:267 [ref. 25711], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:534 [ref. 27061], Costa 2004:2 [ref. 27874], Huber 2005:15 [ref. 28394], Costa 2014:177 [ref. 35439], Loureiro et al. 2018:6 [ref. 36240]). Current status: Valid as Renova Thomerson & Taphorn 1995. Rivulidae: Rivulinae.

Rivulichthys Myers [G. S.] 1927:118 Masc. Rivulus rondoni Miranda Ribeiro 1920. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Trigonectes Myers 1925 -- (Parenti 1981:484 [ref. 7066], Costa 1990:137 [ref. 14542], Costa 1990:87 [ref. 16650], Costa 1998:78 [ref. 23792], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:543 [ref. 27061]). •Synonym of Trigonectes Myers 1925, but a valid subgenus Rivulichthys -- (Lazara 2001:309 [ref. 25711]). Current status: Synonym of Trigonectes Myers 1925. Rivulidae: Rivulinae.

Rivulus Poey [F.] 1860:307 Masc. Rivulus cylindraceus Poey 1860. Type by monotypy. •Valid Rivulus Poey 1860 -- (Bussing 1980 [ref. 8732], Parenti 1981:481 [ref. 7066], Fels & Huber 1985:33 [ref. 8162], Costa 1989 [ref. 14319], Costa 1990:85 [ref. 16650], Huber 1991 [ref. 19721], Costa 1991:328 [ref. 20644], Costa 1991 [ref. 20033], Huber 1992 [ref. 20639], Costa 1995:207 [ref. 21883], Costa 1998:77 [ref. 23792], Huber 1999:29 [ref. 23834], Britski et al. 1999:138 [ref. 24147], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:216 [ref. 24550], Murphy et al. 1999:289 [ref. 25492], Lazara 2001:269 [ref. 25711], Costa 2002:917 [ref. 26505], Ghedotti & Wiley 2003:1146 [ref. 27019], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:534 [ref. 27061], Costa 2004:2 [ref. 27570], Costa 2004:9 [ref. 27656], Costa 2004:2 [ref. 27874], Hrbek et al. 2004:569 [ref. 27910], Huber 2005:14 [ref. 28394], Suijker & Collier 2006:2 [ref. 28729], Lasso-Alcalá et al. 2006:21 [ref. 28744], Costa 2006:137 [ref. 28875] with 2 subgenera, Costa 2007:175 [ref. 29203], Costa 2007:123 [ref. 29225], Scharpf 2007:11 [ref. 30398], Costa 2008:313 [ref. 29388], Costa 2008:345 [ref. 29385], Costa 2008:351 [ref. 29384], Costa & Brasil 2008:82 [ref. 29541], Costa 2008:85 [ref. 29717], Costa 2008:91 [ref. 29718], Costa & Lazzarotto 2008:129 [ref. 29870], Costa 2008:135 [ref. 29871], Costa & Vono 2009:7 [ref. 30258], Costa & Lanés 2009:92 [ref. 30256], Minckley & Marsh 2009:228 [ref. 31114], Costa 2010:365 [ref. 30690], Costa 2010:79 [ref. 30788], Costa 2010:193 [ref. 30143], Costa & De Luca 2011:289 [ref. 31185], Costa & De Luca 2011:353 [ref. 31193], Bragança & Costa 2011:369 [ref. 31195], Valdesalici et al. 2011:105 [ref. 31381], Schindler & Valdesalici 2011:109 [ref. 31382], Costa 2011:185 [ref. 31358], Costa: 2011:238 [ref. 31655], Valdesalici & Schindler 2011:313 [ref. 31673], Huber 2012:14 [ref. 32947], Vermeulen et al. 2013:187 [ref. 32954], Ponce de León et al. 2014:404 [ref. 33593], Rodriguez-Silva 2015:289 [ref. 33779], Collier 2016:34 [ref. 35018], Loureiro et al. 2018:6 [ref. 36240], Vermeulen & Mejia-Vargas 2020:11 [ref. 37935], Vermeulen & Mejia-Vargas 2020:22 [ref. 37938], Vermeulen 2020:36 [ref. 37941], Huber 2021:4 [ref. 38709], Vermeulen 2022:1 [ref. 39817], Huber et al. 2023:74 [ref. 40176], Vermeulen 2023:100 [ref. 40177]). Current status: Valid as Rivulus Poey 1860. Rivulidae: Rivulinae.

Simpsonichthys Carvalho [A. L. de] 1959:2 Masc. Simpsonichthys boitonei Carvalho 1959. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Cynolebias Steindachner 1876 -- (Parenti 1981:490 [ref. 7066], Costa 1989:183 [ref. 14323], Costa 1990:86 [ref. 16650], Costa 1995:33 [ref. 22097]). •Valid as Simpsonichthys Carvalho 1959 -- (Costa et al. 1996:17 [ref. 22219], Costa & Brasil 1996:93 [ref. 22917], Costa 1996:129 [ref. 25271], Costa & Nielsen 2000:7 [ref. 24442], Costa 2000:8 [ref. 25933], Lazara 2001:269 [ref. 25711], Costa et al. 2001:24 [ref. 25934], Costa 2002:917 [ref. 26505], Costa 2003:31 [ref. 26768], Costa et al. 2003:139 [ref. 26946], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:540 [ref. 27061], Costa 2004:2 [ref. 27569], Costa 2004:2 [ref. 27874], Costa & Brasil 2004:1 [ref. 28012], Huber 2005:15 [ref. 28394], Costa 2005:58 [ref. 28575], Costa & Brasil 2006:42 [ref. 28725], Costa 2006:25 [ref. 28771], Costa 2006:16, 17 [ref. 28620] with subgenera, Costa & Brasil 2006:221 [ref. 28843], Costa & Brasil 2007:57 [ref. 29215], Costa 2007:200 [ref. 29338], Costa 2007:7, 25 [ref. 29445], Costa 2008:155 [ref. 29874], Costa & Brasil 2008:245 [ref. 29968], Costa 2009:149 [ref. 30511], Costa 2010:73 [ref. 30777], Nielsen et al. 2010:51 [ref. 30828], Costa 2010:1996 [ref. 30858], Costa & Lima 2010:205 [ref. 31041], Costa 2012:313 [ref. 31750], Costa 2014:25 [ref. 33309], Ponzetto et al. 2016:[2] [ref. 34144] as paraphyletic, Nielsen et al. 2017:165 [ref. 35304], Loureiro et al. 2018:8 [ref. 36240]). Current status: Valid as Simpsonichthys Carvalho 1959. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae.

Spectrolebias Costa [W. J. E. M.] & Nielsen [D. T. B.] 1997:258 Masc. Spectrolebias semiocellatus Costa & Nielsen 1997. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Simpsonichthys Carvalho 1959, but a valid subgenus Spectrolebias -- (Costa 2006:17 [ref. 28620], Costa 2007:42 [ref. 29445], Costa & Brasil 2008:245 [ref. 29968], Costa 2010:1997 [ref. 30858]). •Valid as Spectrolebias Costa & Nielsen 1997 -- (Costa 1998:74 [ref. 23792], Lazara 2001:301 [ref. 25711], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:542 [ref. 27061], Costa 2004:2 [ref. 27874], Huber 2005:15 [ref. 28394], Nielsen 2013:81 [ref. 32696], Nielsen & Brousseau 2013:115 [ref. 32794], Costa 2014:25 [ref. 33309], Nielsen & Pillet 2015:180 [ref. 34009], Ponzetto et al. 2016:[7] [ref. 34144] as paraphyletic, Costa & Amorim 2018:359 [ref. 36019], Loureiro et al. 2018:8 [ref. 36240]). Current status: Valid as Spectrolebias Costa & Nielsen 1997. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae.

Stenolebias Costa [W. J. E. M.] 1995:70 Masc. Plesiolebias damascenoi Costa 1991. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Stenolebias Costa 1995 -- (Costa 1998:81 [ref. 23792], Costa 1998:140 [ref. 23879], Lazara 2001:303 [ref. 25711], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:542 [ref. 27061], Costa 2004:2 [ref. 27874], Huber 2005:15 [ref. 28394], Loureiro et al. 2018:5 [ref. 36240]). Current status: Valid as Stenolebias Costa 1995. Rivulidae: Rivulinae.

Terranatos Taphorn [D. C.] & Thomerson [J. E.] 1978:384 Masc. Austrofundulus dolichopterus Weitzman & Wourms 1967. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Cynolebias Steindachner 1876 -- (Parenti 1981:490 [ref. 7066] as Terranotus). •Valid as Terranatos Taphorn & Thomerson 1978 -- (Costa 1990:86 [ref. 16650], Costa 1995:19 [ref. 22097], Costa 1998:80 [ref. 23792], Murphy et al. 1999:293 [ref. 25492], Lazara 2001:305 [ref. 25711], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:543 [ref. 27061], Costa 2004:2 [ref. 27874], Huber 2005:15 [ref. 28394], Costa 2012:313 [ref. 31750], Costa 2014:177 [ref. 35439], Loureiro et al. 2018:6 [ref. 36240]). Current status: Valid as Terranatos Taphorn & Thomerson 1978. Rivulidae: Rivulinae.

Titanolebias Alonso [F.], Terán [G. E.], Alanís [W. S. S.], Calviño [P.], Montes [M. M.], García [I. D.], Barneche [J. A.], Almirón [A.], Ciotek [L.], Giorgis [P.] & Casciotta [J. R.] 2023:11 Masc. Cynolebias elongatus Steindachner 1881. Type by original designation. •Valid as Titanolebias Alonso, Terán, Alanís, Calviño, Montes, García, Barneche, Almirón, Ciotek, Giorgis & Casciotta 2023. Current status: Valid as Titanolebias Alonso, Terán, Alanís, Calviño, Montes, García, Barneche, Almirón et al. 2023. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae.

Trigonectes Myers [G. S.] 1925:371 Masc. Trigonectes strigabundus Myers 1925. Type regarded as by monotypy; possible synonyms mentioned. Also appeared in more detail in Myers 1927:128-129 [ref. 3098]. •Valid as Trigonectes Myers 1925 -- (Parenti 1981:484 [ref. 7066], Costa 1990:137 [ref. 14542], Costa 1990:87 [ref. 16650], Costa 1998:78 [ref. 23792], Huber 1999:40 [ref. 23834], Britski et al. 1999:140 [ref. 24147], Murphy et al. 1999:293 [ref. 25492], Lazara 2001:309 [ref. 25711], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:543 [ref. 27061], Costa 2004:2 [ref. 27874], Huber 2005:14 [ref. 28394], Costa 2014:177 [ref. 35439], Loureiro et al. 2018:5 [ref. 36240]). Current status: Valid as Trigonectes Myers 1925. Rivulidae: Rivulinae.

Vomerivulus (subgenus of Rivulus) Fowler [H. W.] 1944:244 Masc. Rivulus leucurus Fowler 1944. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Rivulus Poey 1860, but a valid subgenus Vomerivulus as described -- (Lazara 2001:269 [ref. 25711]). •Synonym of Rivulus Poey 1860 -- (Parenti 1981:481 [ref. 7066], Costa 1990:85 [ref. 16650], Costa 1991:328 [ref. 20644], Costa 1998:77 [ref. 23792], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:534 [ref. 27061]). •Synonym of Rivulus Poey 1860, subgenus Cynodonichthys Meek 1904 -- (Costa 2006:139 [ref. 28875], Huber 2012:17 [ref. 32947]). •Synonym of Cynodonichthys Meek 1904 -- (Costa 2011:241 [ref. 31655]). Current status: Synonym of Cynodonichthys Meek 1904. Rivulidae: Rivulinae.

Xenurolebias (subgenus of Simpsonichthys) Costa [W. J. E. M.] 2006:16 Masc. Simpsonichthys myersi Carvalho 1971. Type by original designation. •Synonym of Simpsonichthys Carvalho 1959 but a valid subgenus Xenurolebias as described -- (Costa 2007:7 [ref. 29445], Costa 2010:1997 [ref. 30858], Costa 2014:25 [ref. 33309]). •Valid as Xenurolebias Costa 2006 -- (Costa & Amorim 2014:350 [ref. 33343], Ponzetto et al. 2016:[7] [ref. 34144], Loureiro et al. 2018:8 [ref. 36240]). Current status: Valid as Xenurolebias Costa 2006. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae.