Please look in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes for authorships of sections, Families of Fishes (all), and related information.

Species in the family or subfamily Squalidae: [ 75 ] records

acanthias, Squalus Linnaeus [C.] 1758:233 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Mediterranean Sea and northeastern Atlantic [original: "In Oceano Europæo"]; localities include Sweden, Baltic Sea; North Sea; Irish Sea; Marseille, France; Rome and Venice, Italy; Lesbos Island, Greece; Syria, Mediterranean Sea. Syntypes: NRM 85 (1 or 2). Possible syntypes: ZMUU Linn. coll. 159 (1), ZMUU Linn. coll. 160 (1, dry). Type catalog: Fernholm & Wheeler 1983:208-209 [ref. 20707]. Originally based at least 31 pre-Linnaean sources including Artedi 1738:66 [ref. 30578], Artedi 1738:102 [ref. 30529] and Artedi 1738:94 [ref. 30349] as Squalus pinna ani nulla; Rondelet 1554:373 [ref. 30354] as Galeus acanthias, Salviani 1558:136, Pl. [ref. 30229] as Mustellus spinax, Charleton 1668:128 [ref. 30580] as Galeus acanthias, Willughby 1686:56 [ref. 30164] and Ray 1713:21 [ref. 30231] as Galeus acanthias sive spinax. Misspelled achantias by Latreille 1804:72 [ref. 17490]. •Valid as Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758 -- (Krefft & Tortonese 1973:37 [ref. 7165], Eschmeyer & Herald 1983:23 [ref. 9277], McEachran & Branstetter in Whitehead et al. 1984:146 [ref. 13675], Compagno 1984:111 [ref. 6474], Nakaya & Shirai in Masuda et al. 1984:9 [ref. 6441], Menni 1986:425 [ref. 11487], Bass et al. 1986:61 [ref. 5636], Robins & Ray 1986:33 [ref. 23100], Castro-Aguirre & Garcia-Dominguez 1988:103 [ref. 19199], Scott & Scott 1988:35 [ref. 25518], Paxton et al. 1989:37 [ref. 12442], Paulin et al. 1989:13 [ref. 24556], Pequeño 1989:12 [ref. 14125], Muñoz-Chápuli & Ramos 1989:6 [ref. 12577], McAllister 1990:33 [ref. 14674], Springer 1990:12 [ref. 19315], Yano in Amaoka et al. 1990:76 [ref. 16024], Compagno et al. 1991:66 [ref. 21083], Lloris & Rucabado 1991:27 [ref. 22530], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:83 [ref. 25472] with authors as Smith & Radcliffe 1912, Gomon et al. 1994:105 [ref. 22532], Last & Stevens 1994:98 [ref. 23873], Compagno et al. in Fischer et al. 1995:728 [ref. 22829], Yano in Okamura et al. 1995:51 [ref. 22531], López et al. 1996:7 [ref. 23681], Cheng & Zhou 1997:37 [ref. 26385], Murdy et al. 1997:34 [ref. 23144], Santos et al. 1997:118 [ref. 23531], Pshenichnov 1997:713 [ref. 24700], Arruda 1997:21 [ref. 24952], Sokolovskaya et al. 1998:7 [ref. 24670], Compagno 1999:472 [ref. 25589], Nakabo 2000:155 [ref. 25086], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:15 [ref. 25650], Cousseau & Perrotta 2000:36 [ref. 25942], Hutchins 2001:15 [ref. 25847], Soto 2001:66, 94 [ref. 26637], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:17 [ref. 26753], Burgess in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:54 [ref. 26158], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:88 [ref. 25968], Nakabo 2002:155 [ref. 26001], Choi et al. 2003:60, 478 [ref. 26218], López et al. 2002:62 [ref. 26808], Compagno 2003:383 [ref. 26984], Gadig & Gomes in Menezes et al. 2003:27 [ref. 27192], Moore et al. 2003:170 [ref. 27076], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S93 [ref. 27377], Fedorov et al. 2003:13 [ref. 27579], Baranes 2003:42 [ref. 27888], Espinosa Pérez et al. 2004:102 [ref. 27705], Nelson et al. 2004:49 [ref. 27807], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:54 [ref. 28072], Duhamel et al. 2005:74 [ref. 32059], Golani 2005:11 [ref. 37112], Love et al. 2005:3 [ref. 37547], Hoese 2006:155 [ref. 28998], Duffy & Last 2007:31 [ref. 29127], Duffy & Last 2007:91 [ref. 29132], Fricke 2007:25 [ref. 30577], Fricke et al. 2007:15 [ref. 29533], Vasil'eva 2007:18 [ref. 30517], White et al. 2007:106 [ref. 29133], White et al. 2007:110 [ref. 29134], White 2008:82 [ref. 30617], Ninua & Japoshvili 2008:163 [ref. 31251], George 2009:56 [ref. 30539], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:11 [ref. 36649], Ebert et al. 2010:30 [ref. 30955] with more restricted range, Møller et al. 2010:14 [ref. 31169], Mecklenburg et al. 2011:115 [ref. 31212], Castro 2011:55 [ref. 31457], Mabragaña et al. 2011:table S2 [ref. 31800], Page et al. 2013:53 [ref. 32708], Shinohara et al. 2014:233 [ref. 33330], Parin et al. 2014:25 [ref. 33547], Goren & Galil 2015:519 [ref. 33910], Duffy & Last 2015:128 [ref. 34221], Dyldin 2015:56 [ref. 34524], Weigmann 2016:66 [ref. 34211], Viana et al. 2016:4, 8, 29 [ref. 34525], Compagno 2016:1159 [ref. 34544], Lee et al. 2016:493 [ref. 34692], Nión et al. 2016:21 [ref. 35565], Viana et al. 2017:[3] [ref. 35249], Viana et al. 2017:25 [ref. 35600], Biscoito et al. 2018:488 [ref. 37562], Ehemann et al. 2018:24 [ref. 36194], Spier et al. 2018:4 [ref. 36103], Viana & Carvalho 2018:626 [ref. 36320], Mecklenburg et al. 2018:34 [ref. 36470], Almeida & Biscoito 2019:94 [ref. 37302], Carneiro et al. 2019:38 [ref. 37250], Ehemann et al. 2019:[5] [ref. 36861], Bariche & Fricke 2020:20 [ref. 37515], Kabasakal 2020:42 [ref. 37952], Kovačić et al. 2020:6 [ref. 37519], Serena et al. 2020:502 [ref. 37963], Sonoyama et al. 2020:11 [ref. 37637], Abliazov et al. 2021:8 [ref. 38576], Arroyo Martínez 2021:34 [ref. 38962], Ebert et al. 2021:21 [ref. 38234], Giovos et al. 2021:6 [ref. 38895], Golani 2021:9 [ref. 38303], Kim et al. 2021:38 [ref. 39117], Kovačić et al. 2021:13 [ref. 39014], Bañón & Mano 2022:4 [ref. 40121], Barone et al. 2022:37 [ref. 39527], Dyldin et al. 2022:[7] [ref. 39193], Ebert 2022:420 [ref. 39657], Fermon et al. 2022:100 [ref. 39448], Niță et al. 2022:137 [ref. 40471], Simian et al. 2022:374 [ref. 40776], Balàka et al. 2023:7 [ref. 40410], Carvalho-Filho 2023:292 [ref. 40480], Castillo Domínguez et al. 2023:6 [ref. 40663], Chiaramonte et al. 2023:208 [ref. 40423], Fricke et al. 2023:16 [ref. 40338], Page et al. 2023:42 [ref. 40505], Shakman et al. 2023:463 [ref. 40810], Artüz & Fricke 2024:536 [ref. 41509], Fricke et al. 2024:81 [ref. 41622], Leeney 2024:15 [ref. 40985]). Current status: Valid as Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758. Squalidae. Distribution: Circumglobal, but not in eastern Pacific (including Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea, Mediterranean Sea, Black Sea, Sea of Japan). Habitat: marine.

acutipinnis, Squalus Regan [C. T.] 1908:248, Pl. 37 [Annals of the Natal Government Museum v. 1 (pt 3); ref. 14355] Southwestern Indian Ocean. Lectotype: BMNH 1905.6.8.8. Paralectotypes: (not Squalus acutipinnis) BMNH 1859.5.7.68 (1) Cape of Good Hope, 1900.11.6.14 (1) Table Bay, BMNH 1881.3.11.2 (1, stuffed and mounted) Mauritius. Lectotype selected by Krefft (1968). •Synonym of Squalus megalops (Macleay 1881) -- (Compagno 1984:118 [ref. 6474], Bass et al. 1986:62 [ref. 5636], Compagno et al. 1991:68 [ref. 21083], Fricke 1999:27 [ref. 24106], Weigmann 2016:68 [ref. 34211]). •Valid as Squalus acutipinnis Regan 1908 -- (Gubanov & Timoxin 1989:224 [ref. 36138], Ebert et al. 2010:23 [ref. 30955], Viana et al. 2016:4 [ref. 34525], Viana & Carvalho 2016:540 [ref. 34673], Viana et al. 2017:[3] [ref. 35249], Viana et al. 2017:25 [ref. 35600], Viana & Carvalho 2018:628 [ref. 36320], Ebert et al. 2021:21 [ref. 38234], Ebert 2022:421 [ref. 39657], Fricke et al. 2023:16 [ref. 40338], Leeney 2024:16 [ref. 40985]). Current status: Valid as Squalus acutipinnis Regan 1908. Squalidae. Distribution: Southeastern Atlantic, southwestern Indian Ocean: South Africa north to Mozambique, east to Madagascar and Mascarenes (Mauritius). Habitat: marine.

acutirostris, Squalus Chu [Y.-T.], Meng [Q.-W.] & Li [S.] 1984:283 [English p. 286], Fig. 1 [Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica v. 15 (no. 4); ref. 8192] South China Sea, 18°51'-18°47'N, 112°41'-112°33'E, depth 394 meters. Holotype: SCSFRI D01562. Paratypes: Shanghai Fish. College D01473 (1), D01548 (1), D01567 (1). •Valid as Squalus acutirostris Chu, Meng & Li 1984 -- (Muñoz-Chápuli & Ramos 1989:6 [ref. 12577], White & Last 2013:229 [ref. 33042], Viana & Carvalho 2020:297 [ref. 37573], with first author as Zhu). •Should be considered as a junior synonym of Squalus mitsukurii Jordan & Snyder 1903 -- (White & Last 2013:229 [ref. 33042], Weigmann 2016:68 [ref. 34211]). Current status: Uncertain as Squalus acutirostris Chu, Meng & Li 1984. Squalidae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific: Japan, Taiwan and China. Habitat: marine.

africana, Squalus acanthias Myagkov [N. A.] & Kondyurin [V. V.] 1986:564 [5] [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 26 (no. 4); ref. 8063] Southeastern Atlantic, Wolffish Bay region, 28°S, 17°E. Holotype: ZMMU P-15990 (embryo). Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:12 [ref. 25714]. On p. 5 of English translation. •Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758, but a valid subspecies africana -- (Gubanov & Timoxin 1989:224 [ref. 36138]). •Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758 -- (Compagno et al. 1991:66 [ref. 21083], Dyldin 2015:57 [ref. 34524]). •Possible valid as Squalus africana Myagkov & Kondyurin 1986 -- (Ebert et al. 2010:23 [ref. 30955]). Current status: Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758. Squalidae. Distribution: Southern Africa. Habitat: marine.

albicaudus, Squalus Viana [S. T. de F. L.], Carvalho [M. R. de] & Gomes [U. L.] 2016:66, Figs. 42-49 [Zootaxa 4133 (no. 1); ref. 34525] North coast of Espírito Santo state, Brazil, 19°42'54"S, 39°25'57"W, depth 195 meters. Holotype: MNRJ 30188. Paratypes: MNRJ. Plus non-type specimens. •Valid as Squalus albicaudus Viana, Carvalho & Gomes 2016 -- (Pfleger et al. 2018:111 [ref. 36011], Hoff et al. 2023:5 [ref. 40463], Carvalho-Filho 2023:293 [ref. 40480], Gadig et al. 2024:13 [ref. 40775]). Current status: Valid as Squalus albicaudus Viana, Carvalho & Gomes 2016. Squalidae. Distribution: Southwestern Atlantic: Bahia south to São Paulo (Brazil) endemic. Habitat: marine.

albifrons, Squalus Last [P. R.], White [W. T.] & Stevens [J. D.] 2007:39, Figs. 1-4 [CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research Paper No. 014 (part 5); ref. 29128] East of Broken Bay, New South Wales, Australia, 33°28'S, 152°05'E, depth 386 meters. Holotype: CSIRO H 4627-01. Paratypes: (11) at CSIRO and QM. Plus non-type material. •Valid as Squalus albifrons Last, White & Stevens 2007 -- (White et al. 2007:75 [ref. 29130], White et al. 2007:107 [ref. 29133], White et al. 2007:114 [ref. 29134], White & Iglésias 2011:2 [ref. 31482], Weigmann 2016:66 [ref. 34211], Viana et al. 2016:4 [ref. 34525], Viana & de Carvalho 2016:551 [ref. 34673], Viana & Carvalho 2018:174 [ref. 35959], Viana & Carvalho 2018:619 [ref. 36320]). Current status: Valid as Squalus albifrons Last, White & Stevens 2007. Squalidae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific: eastern Australia. Habitat: marine.

altipinnis, Squalus Last [P. R.], White [W. T.] & Stevens [J. D.] 2007:43, Figs. 5-8 [CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research Paper No. 014 (part 5); ref. 29128] East of Rowley Shoals, Western Australia, 17°18'S, 120°09'E, depth 305 meters. Holotype: CSIRO CA 4111. Paratypes: CSIRO CA 3297 (1). •Valid as Squalus altipinnis Last, White & Stevens 2007 -- (White et al. 2007:75 [ref. 29130], White et al. 2007:107 [ref. 29133], White et al. 2007:114 [ref. 29134], Last el al. 2010:38 [ref. 32461], Weigmann 2016:66 [ref. 34211], Viana et al. 2016:4 [ref. 34525], Viana & Carvalho 2016:551 [ref. 34673], Viana et al. 2017:[3] [ref. 35249], Motomura et al. 2017:22 [ref. 35490], Gloerfelt-Tarp & Kailola 2022:2 [ref. 41223], Fricke et al. 2023:16 [ref. 40338]). Current status: Valid as Squalus altipinnis Last, White & Stevens 2007. Squalidae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean, western Pacific: Australia, Borneo, Philippines, and possibly Indonesia. Habitat: marine.

americanus, Acanthias Storer [D. H.] 1846:506 [Memoirs of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (new series) v. 2 (art. 7); ref. 18840] New York to beyond Labrador. Syntypes: (several) whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758 -- (Krefft & Tortonese 1973:37 [ref. 7165], Compagno 1984:111 [ref. 6474], Lloris & Rucabado 1991:27 [ref. 22530], White et al. 2007:113 [ref. 29134], Dyldin 2015:57 [ref. 34524], Viana et al. 2016:9 [ref. 34525]). Current status: Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758. Squalidae. Habitat: marine.

antiquorum, Squalus Leach [W. E.] 1818:64 [Memoirs of the Wernerian Natural History Society, Edinburgh v. 2 (art. 5); ref. 12565] Not available, no distinguishing features. •In the synonymy of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758 -- (Compagno 1984:111 [ref. 6474] and Lloris & Rucabado 1991:27 [ref. 22530] as antiguorum, White et al. 2007:113 [ref. 29134]). Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758. Squalidae. Habitat: marine.

ascensionis, Squalus Osbeck [P.] in Lacepède 1798:213 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 1; ref. 2708] Not available, name in synonymy. Nomen Nudum. Squalidae.

asper, Squalus Merrett [N. R.] 1973:94, Fig. 1; Pl. 1b [Journal of Zoology (London) v. 171 (pt 1); ref. 7574] Off Aldabra, western Indian Ocean, 9°27'S, 46°23.5'E, depth 219 meters. Holotype: BMNH 1972.10.10.1. Paratypes: BMNH 1972.10.10.2-4 (1, 1, 1). Type catalog: Viana & Soares 2023:40 [ref. 40450]. •Valid as Squalus asper Merrett 1973 -- (Compagno 1984:114 [ref. 6474], Bass et al. 1986:61 [ref. 5636], Castro-Aguirre & Garcia-Dominguez 1988:103 [ref. 19199], Gubanov & Timoxin 1989:225 [ref. 36138], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:124 [ref. 23897], Fricke 1999:26 [ref. 24106], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S93 [ref. 27377], Baranes 2003:42 [ref. 27888], Espinosa Pérez et al. 2004:103 [ref. 27705], Page et al. 2013:53 [ref. 32708]). •Valid as Cirrhigaleus asper (Merrett 1973) -- (Compagno 1999:472 [ref. 25589], Soto 2001:66, 94 [ref. 26637], Compagno 2003:382 [ref. 26984], Gadig & Gomes in Menezes et al. 2003:27 [ref. 27192], Kiraly et al. 2003:12 [ref. 28226], Nelson et al. 2004:49 [ref. 27807], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:54 [ref. 28072], Mundy 2005:103 [ref. 28379], White et al. 2007:19 [ref. 29244], Fricke et al. 2009:11 [ref. 30213], Castro 2011:52 [ref. 31457], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:58 [ref. 34398], Weigmann 2016:66 [ref. 34211], Ehemann et al. 2018:24 [ref. 36194], Fricke et al. 2018:18 [ref. 35805], Ehemann et al. 2019:[4] [ref. 36861], Ebert et al. 2021:20 [ref. 38234], Blanco-Parra & Niño-Torres 2022:Correction, p. 2 [ref. 38986], Ebert 2022:419 [ref. 39657], Robertson et al. 2022:87 [ref. 39353], Carvalho-Filho 2023:292 [ref. 40480], Castillo Domínguez et al. 2023:6 [ref. 40663], Page et al. 2023:42 [ref. 40505], Viana & Soares 2023:39 [ref. 40450], Fricke et al. 2024:81 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Cirrhigaleus asper (Merrett 1973). Squalidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: North Carolina (U.S.A.) south to southeastern Brazil, including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea; southwestern Indian Ocean: South Africa and Mozambique to Aldabra (Seychelles), Madagascar and Mascarenes; Hawaiian Islands (U. S. A.). Habitat: marine.

assierii, Squalis (Acanthorhinus) Blainville [H. de] 1816:121 [Bulletin des Sciences, par la Société Philomathique de Paris v. 8; ref. 306] Not available, name only. Nomen Nudum. Squalidae.

assierus, Squalus Blainville [H. de] 1825:61 [Faune Française; ou histoire naturelle Livr. 13 & 14; ref. 4991] Adriatic Sea (Mediterranean Sea). Squalidae. Habitat: marine.

australis, Cirrhigaleus White [W. T.], Last [P. R.] & Stevens [J. D.] 2007:20, Figs. 1-4 [Zootaxa No. 1560; ref. 29244] East of Bicheno, Tasmania, 41°55'S, 148°37'E, depth 360-414 meters. Holotype: CSIRO H 5789-01. Paratypes: AMS I 19154-001 (1), I 27022-001 (1), I 42891-001 (1). Type catalog: Viana & Soares 2023:50 [ref. 40450]. •Valid as Cirrhigaleus australis White, Last & Stevens 2007 -- (Duffy & Ahyong 2015:106 [ref. 36167], Duffy & Last 2015:127 [ref. 34221], Weigmann 2016:66 [ref. 34211], Viana & Soares 2023:49 [ref. 40450]). Current status: Valid as Cirrhigaleus australis White, Last & Stevens 2007. Squalidae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific: southeastern Australia to New Zealand and Kermadec Islands. Habitat: marine.

bahiensis, Squalus Viana [S. T. de F. L.], Carvalho [M. R. de] & Gomes [U. L.] 2016:45, Figs. 26-32 [Zootaxa 4133 (no. 1); ref. 34525] Bahia coast, Brazil, 15°48'30"S, 38°35'16"W, depth 599 meters. Holotype: MNRJ 30180. Paratypes: MNRJ. •Valid as Squalus bahiensis Viana, Carvalho & Gomes 2016 -- (Pfleger et al. 2018:111 [ref. 36011], Carvalho-Filho 2023:293 [ref. 40480]). Current status: Valid as Squalus bahiensis Viana, Carvalho & Gomes 2016. Squalidae. Distribution: Southwestern Atlantic: Bahia (Brazil) endemic. Habitat: marine.

barbifer, Cirrhigaleus Tanaka [S.] 1912:151, Pl. 41 (figs. 156-162) [Figures and descriptions of the fishes of Japan v. 9; ref. 6034] Off Kanaya, Tokyo Bay, Japan. Neotype: HUMZ 197852. Type catalog: Aizawa et al. 2022:198 [ref. 39648]. Original holotype (ZUMT 3397) from Sagami Bay (Japan) lost. Neotype selected by Viana & Soares 2023:38 [ref. 40450]. •Valid as Cirrhigaleus barbifer Tanaka 1912 -- (Garrick & Paul 1971 [ref. 21296], Compagno 1984:61 [ref. 6474], Nakaya & Shirai in Masuda et al. 1984:10 [ref. 6441], Paxton et al. 1989:33 [ref. 12442], Paulin et al. 1989:13 [ref. 24556], Compagno & Niem 1998:1224 [ref. 23787], Last & Stevens 1994:68 [ref. 23873], Compagno 1999:472 [ref. 25589], Nakabo 2000:155 [ref. 25086], Compagno in Randall & Lim 2000:581 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2002:155 [ref. 26001], Shinohara et al. 2005:396 [ref. 28370], Hoese 2006:154 [ref. 28998], White et al. 2007:19 [ref. 29244], Ebert et al. 2013:284 [ref. 33045], Weigmann 2016:66 [ref. 34211], Miyazaki et al. 2019:122 [ref. 37957], Viana & Soares 2023:29 [ref. 40450]). Current status: Valid as Cirrhigaleus barbifer Tanaka 1912. Squalidae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean, western Pacific: Bali (Indonesia) east to New Caledonia, north to central Japan. Habitat: marine.

barbouri, Squalus Howell Rivero [L.] 1936:47, Pl. 12 [Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History v. 41 (no. 4); ref. 12257] Jaimanitas, west of Havana, Cuba, Gulf of Mexico, western Atlantic. Holotype (unique): MCZ 1463-S. •Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758 -- (Krefft & Tortonese 1973:37 [ref. 7165], Compagno 1984:111 [ref. 6474], White et al. 2007:113 [ref. 29134], Dyldin 2015:57 [ref. 34524], Viana et al. 2016:9 [ref. 34525]). Current status: Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758. Squalidae. Habitat: marine.

barbulifer, Phaenopogon Herre [A. W. C. T.] 1935:123, Fig. 1 [Copeia 1935 (no. 3); ref. 2111] Misaki Bay, Japan. Holotype (unique): CAS-SU 13901. Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:10 [ref. 12291]. •Synonym of Cirrhigaleus barbifer Tanaka 1912 -- (Compagno 1984:61 [ref. 6474], White et al. 2007:19 [ref. 29244], Viana & Soares 2023:30 [ref. 40450]). Current status: Synonym of Cirrhigaleus barbifer Tanaka 1912. Squalidae. Habitat: marine.

bassi, Squalus Viana [S. T. de F. L.], Carvalho [M. R. de] & Ebert [D. A.] 2017:4, Figs. 1-6 [Journal of Fish Biology v. 91 (no. 4); ref. 35600] Near Agulhas Bank, Western Cape, South Africa, 36.21°S, 20.04°E, depth 201 meters. Holotype: SAM 33476. Paratypes: SAIAB, SAM. Plus additional non-type material. •Valid as Squalus bassi Viana, Carvalho & Ebert 2017 -- (Viana & Carvalho 2018:629 [ref. 36320], Ebert et al. 2021:22 [ref. 38234], Fricke et al. 2023:17 [ref. 40338], Leeney 2024:17 [ref. 40985]). Current status: Valid as Squalus bassi Viana, Carvalho & Ebert 2017. Squalidae. Distribution: Southeastern Atlantic and western Indian Ocean: Namibia south to Cape of Good Hope (South Africa), then north to Mozambique. Habitat: marine.

blainville, Acanthias Risso [A.] 1827:133, 478, Pl. 3 (fig. 6) [Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l'Europe méridionale v. 3; ref. 3757] Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Spelled blainvillii in caption to plate (p. 478), and by subsequent authors including Müller & Henle 1839:84 [ref. 3069]. Often spelled blainvillei by current authors, but spelling as blainville is acceptable as a noun in apposition. •Valid as Squalus blainvillei Risso 1827 -- (Krefft & Tortonese 1973:38 [ref. 7165], McEachran & Branstetter in Whitehead et al. 1984:147 [ref. 13675], Compagno 1984:115 [ref. 6474], Menni 1986:432 [ref. 11487], Capapé 1987:22 [ref. 39326], Castro-Aguirre & Garcia-Dominguez 1988:103 [ref. 19199], Pequeño 1989:12 [ref. 14125], Muñoz-Chápuli & Ramos 1989:6 [ref. 12577], Springer 1990:12 [ref. 19315], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:83 [ref. 25472], Arruda 1997:21 [ref. 24952], Compagno 1999:472 [ref. 25589], Compagno in Randall & Lim 2000:581 [ref. 25122], Ebert et al. 2002:355 [ref. 26249], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S93 [ref. 27377], Baranes 2003:42 [ref. 27888], Golani 2005:12 [ref. 37112] dated 1826, Vasil'eva 2007:19 [ref. 30517], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:11 [ref. 36649], Viana et al. 2016:4, 56 [ref. 34525], Viana et al. 2017:[3, 5] [ref. 35249] as blainvillei and as cf. blainvillei, Viana et al. 2017:19, 25 [ref. 35600] as blainvillei and as cf. blainvillei, Viana & Carvalho 2018:626 [ref. 36320], Carneiro et al. 2019:38 [ref. 37250], Reiner 2019:18 [ref. 38139] as bainvillei, Kabasakal 2020:44 [ref. 37952], Kovačić et al. 2020:6 [ref. 37519], Golani 2021:9 [ref. 38303]). •Synonym of Squalus mitsukurii Jordan & Snyder 1903 -- (Gomon et al. 1994:108 [ref. 22532], Castro 2011:65 [ref. 31457]). •Status uncertain, similar to and may be senior synonym of S. mitsukurii Jordan & Snyder 1903 -- (Compagno 2003:385 [ref. 26984]). •Valid but definitely only from the North Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea -- (Duffy & Last 2007:97-98 [ref. 29132], Parin et al. 2014:26 [ref. 33547]). •Valid as Squalus blainville (Risso 1827) -- (Uyeno & Sasaki in Uyeno et al. 1983:61 [ref. 14275], Nakaya & Shirai in Masuda et al. 1984:10 [ref. 6441], Fricke 1999:27 [ref. 24106], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:18 [ref. 26753], Espinosa Pérez et al. 2004:103 [ref. 27705] dated 1826, Fricke et al. 2011:346 [ref. 31242], Goren & Galil 2015:520 [ref. 33910], Compagno 2016:1161 [ref. 34544], Nión et al. 2016:21 [ref. 35565], Weigmann 2016:66 [ref. 34211], Pfleger et al. 2018:113 [ref. 36011], Almeida & Biscoito 2019:93 [ref. 37302], Bariche & Fricke 2020:20 [ref. 37515], Serena et al. 2020:502 [ref. 37963], Ebert et al. 2021:23 [ref. 38234], Giovos et al. 2021:6 [ref. 38895], Kovačić et al. 2021:13 [ref. 39014], Bañón & Mano 2022:4 [ref. 40121], Barone et al. 2022:37 [ref. 39527], Ebert 2022:422 [ref. 39657], Fermon et al. 2022:100 [ref. 39448], Balàka et al. 2023:7 [ref. 40410], Fricke et al. 2023:16 [ref. 40338], Shakman et al. 2023:463 [ref. 40810], Artüz & Fricke 2024:536 [ref. 41509], Sweta et al. 2024:67 [ref. 41312]). Current status: Valid as Squalus blainville (Risso 1827). Squalidae. Distribution: Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; Black Sea; eastern Atlantic: France south to Namibia and South Africa; southwestern Indian Ocean: KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa). Habitat: brackish, marine.

blochianus, Squalis (Acanthorhinus) Blainville [H. de] 1816:121 [Bulletin des Sciences, par la Société Philomathique de Paris v. 8; ref. 306] Not available, name only. Nomen Nudum. Squalidae.

boretzi, Squalus Dolganov [V. N.] 2019:279, Figs. 1-2 [Biologiya Morya (Vladivostok) v. 45 (no. 4); ref. 36997] Emperor Seamount Chain, Pacific, 35°31'N, 171°05'E, depth 475-525 meters. Holotype: ZIN 56397. Paratypes: ZIN. •Valid as Squalus boretzi Dolganov 2019. Current status: Valid as Squalus boretzi Dolganov 2019. Squalidae. Distribution: Emperor Seamount Chain, Pacific. Habitat: marine.

breviculus, Sqalus Hermann [J.] 1804:293 [Observationes zoologicae; ref. 2146] No locality. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. Genus should be Squalus. Squalidae. Habitat: marine.

brevirostris, Squalus Tanaka [S.] 1917:464, Pls. 129 (362-363), 130 (364) [Figures and descriptions of the fishes of Japan v. 26; ref. 14910] Tokyo fish market, probably from Shimonoseki, Japan. Holotype: ZUMT 7630. Paratypes: ZUMT 2406 (1, lost), 3715 (1, lost), 6046 (1, lost), 6047 (1), 6048 (1). Type catalog: Aizawa et al. 2022:199 [ref. 39648]. •Questionably a synonym of Squalus megalops (Macleay 1881) -- (Compagno 1984:118 [ref. 6474]). •Valid as Squalus brevirostris Tanaka 1917 -- (Nakaya & Shirai in Masuda et al. 1984:10 [ref. 6441], Chen et al. 1997:6 [ref. 26476], Cheng & Zhou 1997:38 [ref. 26385], Compagno 1999:472 [ref. 25589], Nakabo 2000:155 [ref. 25086], Compagno in Randall & Lim 2000:581 [ref. 25122], Shinohara et al. 2001:289 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:155 [ref. 26001], Duffy & Last 2007:36 [ref. 29127], White et al. 2007:107 [ref. 29133], Ebert et al. 2010:23 [ref. 30955], White & Iglésias 2011:2 [ref. 31482], Yamashita et al. 2012:127 [ref. 32408], Ebert et al. 2013:285 [ref. 33045], Shinohara et al. 2014:233 [ref. 33330], Weigmann 2016:67 [ref. 34211], Viana et al. 2016:4 [ref. 34525] dated 1912, Viana & Carvalho 2016:552 [ref. 34673], Viana et al. 2017:[3] [ref. 35249], Motomura et al. 2017:23 [ref. 35490], Kim et al. 2020:41 [ref. 39118], Viana & Carvalho 2020:293 [ref. 37573]). Current status: Valid as Squalus brevirostris Tanaka 1917. Squalidae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific: China and Taiwan east to Philippines, north to southern Korea and southern Japan. Habitat: marine.

bucephalus, Squalus Last [P. R.], Séret [B.] & Pogonoski [J. J.] 2007:23, Figs. 1-5 [CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research Paper No. 014 (part 3); ref. 29126] Norfolk Ridge, south of New Caledonia, 23°43'S, 168°16'E, depth 405-411 meters. Holotype: MNHN-IC-2006-1754. Paratypes: MNHN-IC-1997-3641 (1); NMNZ P 34030 (2). •Valid as Squalus bucephalus Last, Séret & Pogonoski 2007 -- (Duffy & Last 2007:36 [ref. 29127], White et al. 2007:107 [ref. 29133], White et al. 2007:114 [ref. 29134], Weigmann 2016:67 [ref. 34211], Viana et al. 2016:4 [ref. 34525], Viana & de Carvalho 2016:551 [ref. 34673], Viana & Carvalho 2018:168 [ref. 35959], Viana & Carvalho 2018:619 [ref. 36320]). Current status: Valid as Squalus bucephalus Last, Séret & Pogonoski 2007. Squalidae. Distribution: New Caledonia, Southwestern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

candidus, Squalus Gunnerus [J. E.] 1763:271 [248] [Det Trondhiemske Selskabs Skrifter v. 2; ref. 32022] Trondheim, Norway. No types known. Squalidae. Habitat: marine.

canis, Squalus Forster [G.] 1777:181 [Voyage around the World; ref. 1353] Apparently not intended as a new name but a citation of a name from Linnaeus. •Unavailable, a nomen nudum, New Zealand. Nomen Nudum. Squalidae.

catta, Squalus Chiereghini [A. P.] in Ninni 1872:5 [Rivista critica delle specie dei pesci adriatici descritti nell'opera manoscritta dell'Ab. Stefano Chiereghini di Chioggia.; ref. 17995] Not available; description from Chiereghini manuscript but not treated as valid by Ninni; from Italy. Squalidae.

cepedianus, Squalis (Acanthorhinus) Blainville [H. de] 1816:121 [Bulletin des Sciences, par la Société Philomathique de Paris v. 8; ref. 306] Not available, name only. Nomen Nudum. Squalidae.

chilensis, Squalus acanthias Suckow [G. A.] 1799:98 [Naturgeschichte der Thiere v. 4, pt. 1; ref. 18858] Chile. No types known. Unnecessary replacement name for Squalus fernandinus Molina 1782. •Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758 -- (Dyldin 2015:57 [ref. 34524]). Current status: Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758. Squalidae. Habitat: marine.

chloroculus, Squalus Last [P. R.], White [W. T.] & Motomura [H.] 2007:62, Figs. 6-10 [CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research Paper No. 014 (part 6); ref. 29129] Off Portland, Victoria, Australia, 38°S, 141°E. Holotype: CSIRO H 4775-01. Paratypes: (14) at CSIRO. •Valid as Squalus chloroculus Last, White & Motomura 2007 -- (White et al. 2007:75, 81 [ref. 29130], White et al. 2007:107 [ref. 29133], White et al. 2007:110 [ref. 29134], White et al. 2007:114 [ref. 29134], White 2008:83 [ref. 30617], Weigmann 2016:67 [ref. 34211], Viana et al. 2016:4 [ref. 34525], Viana et al. 2017:[4] [ref. 35249], Viana et al. 2017:19 [ref. 35600], Viana & Carvalho 2018:174 [ref. 35959]). Current status: Valid as Squalus chloroculus Last, White & Motomura 2007. Squalidae. Distribution: Australia. Habitat: marine.

clarkae, Squalus Pfleger [M. O.], Grubbs [R. D.], Cotton [C. F.] & Daly-Engel [T. S.] 2018:104, Figs. 1-5 [Zootaxa 4444 (no. 2); ref. 36011] West Florida Slope off Tampa, Florida, between 242 and 613 meters, Gulf of Mexico. Holotype: UF 239318. Paratypes: FSUCML, UF. •Valid as Squalus clarkae Pfleger, Grubbs, Cotton & Daly-Engel 2018 -- (Ehemann et al. 2019:[5] [ref. 36861], Robertson et al. 2020:163 [ref. 38098], Moral-Flores et al. 2022:46 [ref. 39334], Page et al. 2023:42 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:81 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Squalus clarkae Pfleger, Grubbs, Cotton & Daly-Engel 2018. Squalidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: northwestern Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. Habitat: marine.

commun, Acanthias Navarrete [A.] 1898:58, Fig. 13 [Manual de ictiología marina; ref. 18474] Figure not seen. Spelled común on p. 148 in original. •Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758 -- (Compagno 1984:111 [ref. 6474], Lloris & Rucabado 1991:27 [ref. 22530], White et al. 2007:113 [ref. 29134], Dyldin 2015:57 [ref. 34524]). Current status: Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758. Squalidae. Habitat: marine.

crassispinus, Squalus Last [P. R.], Edmunds [M.] & Yearsley [G. K.] 2007:11, Figs. 1-4 [CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research Paper No. 014 (part 2); ref. 29125] West of North West Cape, Western Australia, 21°37'S, 113°59'E, depth 215 meters. Holotype: CSIRO H 2547-06. Paratypes: CSIRO CA 4074 (1), H 1035-12 (1), H 1035-14 (1), H 1035-15 (1), H 4031-86 (1), H 4031-87 (1), H 4649-03 (1), H 4649-04 (1); WAM P.26207-005 (1), P.26223-001 (1). •Valid as Squalus crassispinus Last, Edmunds & Yearsley 2007 -- (Last et al. 2007:23 [ref. 29126], Duffy & Last 2007:36 [ref. 29127], White et al. 2007:107 [ref. 29133], White et al. 2007:114 [ref. 29134], Ebert et al. 2010:23 [ref. 30955], Weigmann 2016:67 [ref. 34211], Viana et al. 2016:4 [ref. 34525], Viana et al. 2017:[4] [ref. 35249], White et al. 2018:36 [ref. 35860], White & Ko'ou 2018:11 [ref. 35922], Fricke et al. 2023:17 [ref. 40338]). Current status: Valid as Squalus crassispinus Last, Edmunds & Yearsley 2007. Squalidae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Australia and Bismarck and Solomon Seas. Habitat: marine.

cubensis, Squalus Howell Rivero [L.] 1936:45, Pls. 10-11 [Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History v. 41 (no. 4); ref. 12257] Off Havana, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 1458-S. Paratypes: MCZ 1459-S (1), 1460-S (1), 1461-S (1), 1462-S (1). Type catalog: Gutiérrez de los Reyes et al. 2015:42 [ref. 36079]. •Valid as Squalus cubensis Howell Rivero 1936 -- (Compagno 1984:116 [ref. 6474], Menni 1986:433 [ref. 11487], Robins & Ray 1986:33 [ref. 23100], Castro-Aguirre & Garcia-Dominguez 1988:104 [ref. 19199], Cervigón 1992:189 [ref. 23827], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:125 [ref. 23897], Aguilera 1998:45 [ref. 24221], Hernández-Hamón & Núñez 1998:107 [ref. 25269], Cervigón & Alcalá 1999:130 [ref. 24490], Compagno 1999:472 [ref. 25589], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:146 [ref. 27754], Soto 2001:66, 95 [ref. 26637], Compagno 2003:384 [ref. 26984], Espinosa Pérez et al. 2004:103 [ref. 27705], Baranes 2003:42 [ref. 27888], Kiraly et al. 2003:12 [ref. 28226], Nelson et al. 2004:49 [ref. 27807], McLaughlin & Morrissey 2004:482 [ref. 28052], Last et al. 2007:22 [ref. 29125], Last et al. 2007:23 [ref. 29126], Duffy & Last 2007:37 [ref. 29127], White et al. 2007:107 [ref. 29133], Ebert et al. 2010:22 [ref. 30955], Castro 2011:63 [ref. 31457], Page et al. 2013:53 [ref. 32708], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:57 [ref. 34398] with author as Howell-Rivero, Weigmann 2016:67 [ref. 34211], Viana et al. 2016:4, 80 [ref. 34525], Acero P. et al. 2016:583 [ref. 34531], Nión et al. 2016:21 [ref. 35565], Ehemann et al. 2018:24 [ref. 36194], Pfleger et al. 2018:113 [ref. 36011], Ehemann et al. 2019:[5] [ref. 36861], Blanco-Parra & Niño-Torres 2022:Correction, p. 2 [ref. 38986], Castillo Domínguez et al. 2023:6 [ref. 40663], Page et al. 2023:42 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:81 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Squalus cubensis Howell Rivero 1936. Squalidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Massachusetts (U.S.A.) south to central Argentina, including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. IUCN (2020): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.

edmundsi, Squalus White [W. T.], Last [P. R.] & Stevens [J. D.] 2007:72, Figs. 1-5 [CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research Paper No. 014 (part 7); ref. 29130] West of Bernier Island, Western Australia, 24°55'S, 112°11'E, depth 344 meters. Holotype: CSIRO H 2566-01. Paratypes: (11) at CSIRO. Plus non-type material. •Valid as Squalus edmundsi White, Last & Stevens 2007 -- (White et al. 2007:107 [ref. 29133], White et al. 2007:113 [ref. 29134], Weigmann 2016:67 [ref. 34211], Viana et al. 2016:4 [ref. 34525], Viana et al. 2017:[4] [ref. 35249], Viana et al. 2017:19 [ref. 35600], White et al. 2018:38 [ref. 35860] as cf. edmundsi, White & Ko'ou 2018:12 [ref. 35922] as cf. edmundsi, Fricke et al. 2019:43 [ref. 36673] as cf. edmundsi, Fricke et al. 2023:17 [ref. 40338]). Current status: Valid as Squalus edmundsi White, Last & Stevens 2007. Squalidae. Distribution: Western Australia and eastern Indonesia. (White et al. 2017:39 [ref. 35860], Fricke et al. 2019:43 [ref. 36673] one specimen from New Ireland.) Habitat: marine.

fernandezianus, Spinax Guichenot [A.] 1848:365 [Fauna Chilena.... in Gay.; ref. 1939] Chile. With Squalus fernandinus Molina questionably in synonymy. No original drawing was found in Paris (B. Séret email, 2/23/09). •Questionably a synonym of Squalus blainville (Risso 1827) -- (Compagno 1984:115 [ref. 6474] as blainvillei). Current status: Uncertain as Squalus blainville (Risso 1827). Squalidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

fernandinus, Squalus Molina [J. I.] 1782:229 [Saggio sulla storia naturale del Chile, del Signor Abate Giovanni Ignazio Molina.; ref. 17783] Chile. No types known. •Valid as Squalus fernandinus Molina 1782 -- (Pequeño 1989:12 [ref. 14125]). •Synonym of Squalus blainville (Risso 1827) -- (Lipej & Dulčić 2010:11 [ref. 36649]). •Synonym of Squalus mitsukurii Jordan & Snyder 1903 -- (Castro 2011:65 [ref. 31457]). •Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758 -- (Compagno 1984:111 [ref. 6474], Lloris & Rucabado 1991:27 [ref. 22530], Compagno 2003:385 [ref. 26984], White et al. 2007:113 [ref. 29134], Ebert et al. 2010:22 [ref. 30955], Dyldin 2015:57 [ref. 34524], Viana et al. 2016:9 [ref. 34525]). Current status: Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758. Squalidae. Habitat: marine.

formosus, Squalus White [W. T.] & Iglésias [S. P.] 2011:[3], Figs. 1-3 [Journal of Fish Biology v. 79 (no. 4); ref. 31482] Tashi fish market, northeastern Taiwan. Holotype: CSIRO H 6816-01. Paratypes: CSIRO H 6292-10 (1), MNHN 2008-1939 (1). Specimens listed in synonymy also would be types if available. •Valid as Squalus formosus White & Iglésias 2011 -- (Ebert et al. 2013:285 [ref. 33045], Weigmann 2016:67 [ref. 34211], Viana et al. 2016:4 [ref. 34525], Viana & Carvalho 2018:619 [ref. 36320]). Current status: Valid as Squalus formosus White & Iglésias 2011. Squalidae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific: Taiwan, Japan. Habitat: marine.

grahami, Squalus White [W. T.], Last [P. R.] & Stevens [J. D.] 2007:75, Figs. 6-10 [CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research Paper No. 014 (part 7); ref. 29130] Northeast of Batemans Bay, New South Wales, Australia, 35°29'S, 150°46'E, depth 234 meters. Holotype: CSIRO H 4476-01. Paratypes: (30) at CSIRO. Plus non-type material. •Valid as Squalus grahami White, Last & Stevens 2007 -- (White et al. 2007:107 [ref. 29133], White et al. 2007:114 [ref. 29134], Weigmann 2016:67 [ref. 34211], Viana et al. 2016:4 [ref. 34525], Viana et al. 2017:19 [ref. 35600] as graham in main heading, Viana & Carvalho 2018:174 [ref. 35959], Viana & Carvalho 2018:619 [ref. 36320]). Current status: Valid as Squalus grahami White, Last & Stevens 2007. Squalidae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific: eastern Australia. Habitat: marine.

griffini, Squalus Phillipps [W. J.] 1931:360 [The New Zealand Journal of Science and Technology v. 12 (no. 6); ref. 16325] Hauraki Gulf, North Island, New Zealand. Syntypes: NMNZ P.662 (described specimen). Type catalog: Hardy 1990:6 [ref. 18942]. Two specimens, but the one described mentioned as typical, which is technically not sufficient to establish a holotype. •Questionably a synonym of Squalus mitsukurii Jordan & Snyder 1903 -- (Compagno 1984:121 [ref. 6474]). •Valid as Squalus griffini Phillipps 1931 -- (Duffy & Last 2007:31 [ref. 29127], Duffy & Last 2007:92 [ref. 29132] with a holotype, White et al. 2007:107 [ref. 29133], White et al. 2007:114 [ref. 29134], Duffy & Ahyong 2015:106 [ref. 36167], Duffy & Last 2015:129 [ref. 34221], Weigmann 2016:67 [ref. 34211], Viana et al. 2016:4 [ref. 34525], Viana et al. 2017:21 [ref. 35600], Viana & Carvalho 2018:174 [ref. 35959], Viana & Carvalho 2018:619 [ref. 36320]). Current status: Valid as Squalus griffini Phillipps 1931. Squalidae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific: New Zealand and Kermadec Islands. Habitat: marine.

hawaiiensis, Squalus Daly-Engel [T. S.], Koch [A.], Anderson [J. M.], Cotton [C. F.] & Grubbs [R. D.] 2018:142, Figs. 3-8 [ZooKeys No. 798; ref. 36326] Insular slope around the Hawaiian Island of Oahu, 21.4983N, 157.7310W. Holotype: UF 241161. Paratypes: UF. •Valid as Squalus hawaiiensis Daly-Engel, Koch, Anderson, Cotton & Grubbs 2018. Current status: Valid as Squalus hawaiiensis Daly-Engel, Koch, Anderson, Cotton & Grubbs 2018. Squalidae. Distribution: Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine.

hemipinnis, Squalus White [W. T.], Last [P. R.] & Yearsley [G. K.] 2007:101, Figs. 1-5 [CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research Paper No. 014 (part 10); ref. 29133] Kedonganan fish landing site, Bali, Indonesia, 8°45'S, 115°10'E. Holotype: MZB 15040. Paratypes: (17) at CSIRO. Plus non-type material. •Valid as Squalus hemipinnis White, Last & Yearsley 2007 -- (White et al. 2007:114 [ref. 29134], Weigmann 2016:67 [ref. 34211], Viana et al. 2016:4 [ref. 34525], Viana et al. 2017:[4] [ref. 35249], Kumar et al. 2018:295 [ref. 36178], Tyabji et al. 2018:18 [ref. 36598], Psomadakis et al. 2020:161 [ref. 37272], Fricke et al. 2023:16 [ref. 40338], Sweta et al. 2024:67 [ref. 41312]). Current status: Valid as Squalus hemipinnis White, Last & Yearsley 2007. Squalidae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean, western Pacific: Myanmar; Andaman Islands; eastern Indonesia. Habitat: marine.

hima, Squalus Sweta [B.] & Bineesh [K. K.] in Sweta, Bineesh, Das, Swetha & Bhaskar 2024:62, Figs. 1-4 [Records of the Zoological Survey of India v. 124 (Supplement i); ref. 41312] Sakthikulangara, Kollam, Kerala, southwest coast of India, 8°55'56"N, 76°32'28"E, depth 300 - 600 meters. Holotype: ZSI/MBRC F3140. Paratypes: ZSI/MBRC F3141 (1), F3142 (1). Plus additional non-type material. •Valid as Squalus hima Sweta & Bineesh 2024. Current status: Valid as Squalus hima Sweta & Bineesh 2024. Squalidae. Distribution: Indian Ocean: Wadge Bank, Arabian Sea, southwest coast of India. Habitat: marine.

japonicus, Squalus Ishikawa [C.] 1908:71 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 60; ref. 14322] Senoumi Bank, Suruga Bay, Honshu, Japan, 34°43'N, 138.33°E, depth 270-300 meters [Sagami Bay via Tokyo market; Kagoshima, Japan]. Neotype: NSMT-P 44380. Original syntypes (3) lost. Neotype designated by Viana & Carvalho 2020:287 [ref. 37573]. •Valid as Squalus japonicus Ishikawa 1908 -- (Compagno 1984:117 [ref. 6474], Nakaya in Okamura & Kitajima 1984:51, 300 [ref. 8057], Nakaya & Shirai in Masuda et al. 1984:10 [ref. 6441], Mohsin & Ambak 1996:52 [ref. 27969], Compagno & Niem 1998:1229 [ref. 23787], Compagno 1999:472 [ref. 25589], Nakabo 2000:155 [ref. 25086], Compagno in Randall & Lim 2000:581 [ref. 25122], Shinohara et al. 2001:289 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:155 [ref. 26001], Choi et al. 2003:60, 478 [ref. 26218], Shinohara et al. 2005:396 [ref. 28370], Last et al. 2007:83 [ref. 29131], White et al. 2007:107 [ref. 29133], White & Iglésias 2011:11 [ref. 31482], Yamashita et al. 2012:127 [ref. 32408], Ebert et al. 2013:286 [ref. 33045], Shinohara et al. 2014:233 [ref. 33330], Motomura et al. 2015:12 [ref. 34709], Weigmann 2016:67 [ref. 34211], Viana et al. 2016:4 [ref. 34525], Viana & Carvalho 2018:173 [ref. 35959], Viana & Carvalho 2018:619 [ref. 36320], Daly-Engel et al. 2018:151 [ref. 36326], Misawa et al. 2020:268 [ref. 38138], Viana & Carvalho 2020:287 [ref. 37573], Aikake et al. 2021:42 [ref. 38441], Kim et al. 2021:40 [ref. 39117]). Current status: Valid as Squalus japonicus Ishikawa 1908. Squalidae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific: Taiwan and China north to Korea and southern Japan. Habitat: marine.

kelves, Squalus Cabrera y Corro [A.], Pérez [L.] & Hänseler [F.] in Machado 1857:23 [Catálogo de los peces que habitán ó frecuentan las costas de Cadiz y Huelva con inclusion de los del Rio Guadalquivir.; ref. 17320] Western Andalusia, near Cádiz, Spain, eastern Atlantic. Name only; not available. Name from Cabrera y Corro, Pérez & Hänseler 1817:11 [ref. 17319], possibly an unpublished work. Also appeared in Graells 1887:185 [ref. 30438]. Nomen Nudum. Squalidae.

kelves, Squalus Cabrera y Corro [A.], Pérez [L.] & Hänseler [F.] 1817:11 [Lista de los peces del mar de Andalucía; ref. 17319] Western Andalusia, near Cádiz, Spain, eastern Atlantic. Name only, not available. Possibly an unpublished work. See also Squalus kelves Cabrera y Corro, Pérez & Hänseler in Machado 1857:23 [ref. 17320]. Nomen Nudum. Squalidae.

kirki, Squalus Phillipps [W. J.] 1931:361 [The New Zealand Journal of Science and Technology v. 12 (no. 6); ref. 16325] Cook Strait, Wellington, New Zealand. Syntypes (?): NMV. Non-types: BMNH 1931.8.10.1 (1). •Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758 -- (Compagno 1984:111 [ref. 6474], Paxton et al. 1989:37 [ref. 12442], Lloris & Rucabado 1991:27 [ref. 22530], Last & Stevens 1994:99 [ref. 23873], Hoese 2006:155 [ref. 28998], White et al. 2007:113 [ref. 29134], Dyldin 2015:57 [ref. 34524], Viana et al. 2016:9 [ref. 34525]). Current status: Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758. Squalidae. Habitat: marine.

lalannei, Squalus Baranes [A.] 2003:42, Figs. 6-7, 8A, 9A, 10-12 [Israel Journal of Zoology v. 49; ref. 27888] Alphonse Island, Seychelles, depth 1000 meters. Holotype: HUJ 18445. Paratypes: TAU [= SMNHTAU] 12131 (1). Type catalog: Golani 2006:21 [ref. 28840]. •Valid as Squalus lalannei Baranes 2003 -- (White et al. 2007:106 [ref. 29133], Weigmann 2016:67 [ref. 34211], Viana et al. 2016:4 [ref. 34525] dated 2013, Viana et al. 2017:20 [ref. 35600], Viana & Carvalho 2018:628 [ref. 36320], Ebert 2022:422 [ref. 39657], Fricke et al. 2023:16 [ref. 40338], Sweta et al. 2024:67 [ref. 41312]). Current status: Valid as Squalus lalannei Baranes 2003. Squalidae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: Seychelles. Habitat: marine.

lebruni, Acanthias Vaillant [L. L.] 1888:13, Pl. 1 (figs. 2-2b) [Mission scientifique du Cap Horn, 1882-83 v. 6 (Zool.) (pt 1) (art. C); ref. 4495] Orange Bay; Punta Arenas, Tierra del Fuego. Holotype: MNHN 1883-0201 or 0202 (?1 of 2, 700-mm male). Paratypes: (6) MNHN 1883-0201 or 0202 (?1 of 2). Type catalog: Bertin 1939:75 [ref. 20739]. •Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758 -- (Compagno 1984:111 [ref. 6474], Lloris & Rucabado 1991:27 [ref. 22530], White et al. 2007:113 [ref. 29134], Dyldin 2015:57 [ref. 34524], Viana et al. 2016:9 [ref. 34525]). Current status: Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758. Squalidae. Habitat: marine.

linnei, Acanthias Malm [A. W.] 1877:624 [ ref. 2881] Sweden, Skagerrak, Northeastern Atlantic. Possible type or Malm specimen: NMW 79091 (1). Original as Linnéi. Unnecessary replacement name for Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758. •Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758 -- (Krefft & Tortonese 1973:37 [ref. 7165], Compagno 1984:111 [ref. 6474], Lloris & Rucabado 1991:27 [ref. 22530], White et al. 2007:113 [ref. 29134], Dyldin 2015:57 [ref. 34524]). Replacement Name. Current status: Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758. Squalidae. Habitat: marine.

lobularis, Squalus Viana [S. T. de F. L.], Carvalho [M. R. de] & Gomes [U. L.] 2016:31, Figs. 16-23 [Zootaxa 4133 (no. 1); ref. 34525] Off Patagonia, Argentina, 39°30'S, 58°28'W. Holotype: HUMZ 91806. Paratypes: HUMZ, UERJ. Plus non-type specimens. •Valid as Squalus lobularis Viana, Carvalho & Gomes 2016 -- (Viana et al. 2017:20 [ref. 35600], Pfleger et al. 2018:111 [ref. 36011], Carvalho-Filho 2023:293 [ref. 40480]). Current status: Valid as Squalus lobularis Viana, Carvalho & Gomes 2016. Squalidae. Distribution: Southwestern Atlantic: Espírito Santo (Brazil) south to Patagonia (Argentina). Habitat: marine.

longispinis, Squalus Fricke [R.], Durville [P.], Potin [G.] & Mulochau [T.] 2023:4, Figs. 1-9, 11 [Taxa (Journal of Taxonomy and Systematics) v. 2; ref. 40338] La Réunion, 18.4 km west-northwest of Cap de La Houssaye, southwestern Indian Ocean, 20°57'48.564''S, 55°04'26.652''E, depth 1,000 meters. Holotype (unique): MHNRUN uncat. Skin sample of holotype: SMNS 27700. •Valid as Squalus longispinis Fricke, Durville, Potin & Mulochau 2023. Current status: Valid as Squalus longispinis Fricke, Durville, Potin & Mulochau 2023. Squalidae. Distribution: Southwestern Indian Ocean: La Réunion. Habitat: marine.

mahia, Squalus Viana [S. T. de F. L.], Lisher [M. W.] & Carvalho [M. R. de] 2017:[5], Figs. 1-5, 6a-b [Marine Biodiversity; ref. 35249] Off northern Madagascar, 15°24.14'S, 46°1.51'E, depth 242-248 meters. Holotype: SAIAB 189449. Paratypes: MNHN; MZUSP 120375 (1), 120376 (1); SAIAB; ZMH. Type catalog: Lima et al. 2023:304 [ref. 40221]. •Valid as Squalus mahia Viana, Lisher & Carvalho 2017 -- (Viana et al. 2017:25 [ref. 35600], Fricke et al. 2018:19 [ref. 35805], Viana & Carvalho 2018:628 [ref. 36320], Ebert et al. 2021:23 [ref. 38234], Fricke et al. 2023:16 [ref. 40338]). Current status: Valid as Squalus mahia Viana, Lisher & Carvalho 2017. Squalidae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: South Africa and East Africa to Madagascar. Habitat: marine.

margaretsmithae, Squalus Viana [S. T. de F. L.], Lisher [M. W.] & Carvalho [M. R. de] 2017:[14], Figs. 6c-d, 8-13 [Marine Biodiversity; ref. 35249] Off west coast of South Africa, 30.43°S, 15.44°E, depth 284 meters. Holotype: SAIAB 25389. Paratypes: MNHN, SAIAB. Plus additional non-type material. •Valid as Squalus margaretsmithae Viana, Lisher & Carvalho 2017 -- (Viana et al. 2017:25 [ref. 35600], Viana & Carvalho 2018:628 [ref. 36320], Fermon et al. 2022:100 [ref. 39448], Fricke et al. 2023:16 [ref. 40338]). Current status: Valid as Squalus margaretsmithae Viana, Lisher & Carvalho 2017. Squalidae. Distribution: Eastern Atlantic: Portugal and Morocco south to South Africa. Habitat: marine.

mediterraneus, Spinax Gistel [J.] 1848:103 [Naturgeschichte des Thierreichs; ref. 1822] No types known. •Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758 -- (Compagno 1984:111 [ref. 6474], Lloris & Rucabado 1991:27 [ref. 22530], White et al. 2007:113 [ref. 29134], Dyldin 2015:57 [ref. 34524]). Current status: Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758. Squalidae. Habitat: marine.

megalops, Acanthias Macleay [W.] 1881:367 [Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales v. 6 (pt 2); ref. 6222] Port Jackson, New South Wales, Australia [Tasman Sea, southwestern Pacific]. Holotype (unique): AMS I.16255-001 [ex MAMU F24]. Type catalog: Stanbury 1969:205 [ref. 19518]. Last et al. 2007:22 [ref. 29125] question the conspecific nature of included populations. Some references to Squalus megalops and Squalus acutipinnis are this species. •Valid as Squalus megalops (Macleay 1881) -- (Compagno 1984:118 [ref. 6474], Bass et al. 1986:62 [ref. 5636], Paxton et al. 1989:37 [ref. 12442], Muñoz-Chápuli & Ramos 1989:6 [ref. 12577], Springer 1990:13 [ref. 19315], Compagno et al. 1991:68 [ref. 21083], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:84 [ref. 25472], Gomon et al. 1994:106 [ref. 22532], Last & Stevens 1994:99 [ref. 23873], Compagno & Niem 1998:1230 [ref. 23787], Fricke 1999:27 [ref. 24106], Compagno 1999:472 [ref. 25589], Compagno in Randall & Lim 2000:581 [ref. 25122], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:492 [ref. 25191], Hutchins 2001:15 [ref. 25847], Choi et al. 2003:60, 478 [ref. 26218], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S93 [ref. 27377], Baranes 2003:42 [ref. 27888], Randall et al. 2004:5 [ref. 27624], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:53 [ref. 28072], Shinohara et al. 2005:396 [ref. 28370], Compagno et al. 2005:49 [ref. 29145] as cf. melalops, Hoese 2006:155 [ref. 28998], Last et al. 2007:17 [ref. 29125], Duffy & Last 2007:36 [ref. 29127], White et al. 2007:107 [ref. 29133], White et al. 2007:110, 114 [ref. 29134], White 2008:84 [ref. 30617], Fricke et al. 2009:11 [ref. 30213], Fricke et al. 2011:346 [ref. 31242], White & Iglésias 2011:2 [ref. 31482], Naylor et al. 2012:58 [ref. 32267] see remarks, Weigmann 2016:68 [ref. 34211], Viana et al. 2016:4, 81 [ref. 34525], Compagno 2016:1162 [ref. 34544], Viana & Carvalho 2016:552 [ref. 34673], Nión et al. 2016:21 [ref. 35565], Viana et al. 2017:[4] [ref. 35249], Freitas et al. 2018:69 [ref. 36259], Kumar et al. 2018:295 [ref. 36178], Pfleger et al. 2018:113 [ref. 36011], Viana & Carvalho 2018:174 [ref. 35959], Carneiro et al. 2019:39 [ref. 37250], Reiner 2019:18 [ref. 38139], Serena et al. 2020:502 [ref. 37963], Kovačić et al. 2021:13 [ref. 39014], Barone et al. 2022:37 [ref. 39527], Fermon et al. 2022:100 [ref. 39448], Fricke et al. 2023:16 [ref. 40338], Sweta et al. 2024:67 [ref. 41312]). Current status: Valid as Squalus megalops (Macleay 1881). Squalidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and temperate seas, discontinuous: Mediterranean Sea, eastern Atlantic and western Indian Ocean: Cape Verde Islands, South Africa and East Africa to Madagascar and Mascarenes; eastern Indian Ocean: Andaman Islands, southern Australia; southwestern Pacific: southeastern Australia, New Caledonia and Solomon Islands; northwestern Pacific: Vietnam to Korea and southern Japan. Habitat: marine.

melanurus, Squalus Fourmanoir [P.] 1979:11, Fig. [Nature calédonienne v. 16; ref. 35960] New Caledonia, depth 320-340 meters. Holotype (unique): MNHN-IC-1980-0460. Also described in Fourmanoir & Rivaton 1979:438 [ref. 8833] fig. 27, with subsequent type designation. •Valid as Squalus melanurus Fourmanoir & Rivaton 1979 -- (Compagno 1984:120 [ref. 6474], Compagno & Niem 1998:1230 [ref. 23787], Compagno 1999:472 [ref. 25589], Baranes 2003:42 [ref. 27888], Last et al. 2007:23 [ref. 29126], Last et al. 2007:83 [ref. 29131], White et al. 2007:113 [ref. 29134], Fricke et al. 2011:346 [ref. 31242], Weigmann 2016:68 [ref. 34211], Viana et al. 2016:4 [ref. 34525], Viana & Carvalho 2018:159 [ref. 35959], Viana & Carvalho 2018:619 [ref. 36320]). Current status: Valid as Squalus melanurus Fourmanoir 1979. Squalidae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific: New Caledonia, Vanuatu and Norfolk Island. Habitat: marine.

mitsukurii, Squalus Jordan [D. S.] & Snyder [J. O.] in Jordan & Fowler 1903:629, Fig. 3 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 26 (no. 1324); ref. 2460] Honshu Island, Misaki, Japan, 35.159430°, 139.493865°, great depth. Holotype: CAS-SU 12793 [not 7184]. Paratypes or additional material: AMNH 8822 (1); CAS-SU 7184 (1), 7748 (8), 12794 (1, not found). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:10 [ref. 12291]. Appeared first as name only in Jordan & Snyder 1901:129 [ref. 2505]. See Compagno et al. 1991:71 [ref. 21083]. •Valid as Squalus mitsukurii Jordan & Snyder 1903 -- (Nakaya in Okamura et al. 1982:45, 310 [ref. 8256], Compagno 1984:121 [ref. 6474], Nakaya in Okamura & Kitajima 1984:53, 301 [ref. 8057], Nakaya & Shirai in Masuda et al. 1984:10 [ref. 6441], Bass et al. 1986:62 [ref. 5636], Paxton et al. 1989:37 [ref. 12442], Paulin et al. 1989:13 [ref. 24556] as mitsukuri, Pequeño 1989:12 [ref. 14125], Yano in Amaoka et al. 1990:77 [ref. 16024], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:84 [ref. 25472], Gomon et al. 1994:107 [ref. 22532], Last & Stevens 1994:101 [ref. 23873], Cheng & Zhou 1997:39 [ref. 26385] dated 1901, Compagno & Niem 1998:1230 [ref. 23787], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:126 [ref. 23897], Taniuchi & Tachikawa 1999:322 [ref. 23942], Fricke 1999:27 [ref. 24106], Compagno 1999:472 [ref. 25589], Nakabo 2000:156 [ref. 25086], Compagno in Randall & Lim 2000:581 [ref. 25122], Hutchins 2001:15 [ref. 25847], Shinohara et al. 2001:289 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:156 [ref. 26001], Choi et al. 2003:60, 479 [ref. 26218], Compagno 2003:385 [ref. 26984], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S93 [ref. 27377], Myers & Donaldson 2003:609 [ref. 27495] with wrong authorship, Kiraly et al. 2003:12 [ref. 28226], Espinosa Pérez et al. 2004:104 [ref. 27705] as mitsukuri, Nelson et al. 2004:49 [ref. 27807], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:53 [ref. 28072], Shinohara et al. 2005:396 [ref. 28370], Mundy 2005:103 [ref. 28379], Compagno et al. 2005:50 [ref. 29145] as cf. mitsukurii, Hoese 2006:155 [ref. 28998], Last et al. 2007:55 [ref. 29129], White et al. 2007:75, 81 [ref. 29130], Duffy & Last 2007:91 [ref. 29132], White et al. 2007:107 [ref. 29133], Dyer & Westneat 2010:596 [ref. 31446], Castro 2011:65 [ref. 31457], White & Iglésias 2011:11 [ref. 31482], Shinohara et al. 2011:38 [ref. 31715], Mabragaña et al. 2011:table S2 [ref. 31800], Naylor et al. 2012:57 [ref. 32267] see remarks, Page et al. 2013:53 [ref. 32708], White & Last 2013:230 [ref. 33242], Shinohara et al. 2014:233 [ref. 33330], Pinheiro et al. 2015:4 [ref. 34324], Dyldin 2015:57 [ref. 34524], Motomura et al. 2015:12 [ref. 34709], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:58 [ref. 34398], Weigmann 2016:68 [ref. 34211], Viana et al. 2016:4, 45 [ref. 34525], Compagno 2016:1163 [ref. 34544], Nión et al. 2016:21 [ref. 35565], Viana et al. 2017:[4] [ref. 35249] as cf. mitsukurii, Viana et al. 2017:20 [ref. 35600], Ehemann et al. 2018:24 [ref. 36194], Fricke et al. 2018:19 [ref. 35805], Pfleger et al. 2018:113 [ref. 36011], Viana & Carvalho 2018:173 [ref. 35959], Viana & Carvalho 2018:618 [ref. 36320], Daly-Engel et al. 2018:151 [ref. 36326], Almeida & Biscoito 2019:94 [ref. 37302], Carneiro et al. 2019:39 [ref. 37250], Miyazaki et al. 2019:122 [ref. 37957], Kim et al. 2020:41 [ref. 39118], Viana & Carvalho 2020:282 [ref. 37573], Aikake et al. 2021:43 [ref. 38441], Dyldin & Orlov 2021:56 [ref. 38158] with question, Koeda et al. 2021:4 [ref. 38857], Russell & van Oijen 2021:437 [ref. 38177], Ebert 2022:423 [ref. 39657], Fermon et al. 2022:101 [ref. 39448], Castillo Domínguez et al. 2023:8 [ref. 40663], Fricke et al. 2023:16 [ref. 40338], Sweta et al. 2024:67 [ref. 41312]). Current status: Valid as Squalus mitsukurii Jordan & Snyder 1903. Squalidae. Distribution: Eastern Atlantic; Indo-West Pacific: South Africa and Madagascar east to Mariana Islands, north to southern Sea of (Korea, Japan). Habitat: marine.

montalbani, Squalus Whitley [G. P.] 1931:310 [Australian Zoologist v. 6 (pt 4); ref. 4672] Off Sombrero Island, western coast Luzon Island, 13°45'15"N, 120°46'30"E, Philippines, Albatross station 5111, depth 236 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 70256. Replacement name for Squalus philippinus Smith & Radcliffe 1912, preoccupied by Squalus philippinus Shaw 1804. •Questionably a synonym of Squalus mitsukurii Jordan & Snyder 1903 -- (Compagno 1984:121 [ref. 6474]). •Valid as Squalus montalbani Whitley 1931 -- (Last et al. 2007:58 [ref. 29129], White et al. 2007:75, 81 [ref. 29130], White et al. 2007:107 [ref. 29133], White et al. 2007:114 [ref. 29134], Ebert et al. 2013:286 [ref. 33045], Weigmann 2016:68 [ref. 34211], Viana et al. 2016:4 [ref. 34525], Viana et al. 2017:[4] [ref. 35249], Viana et al. 2017:20 [ref. 35600], White et al. 2018:40 [ref. 35860], White & Ko'ou 2018:12 [ref. 35922], Viana & Carvalho 2018:174 [ref. 35959], Viana & Carvalho 2018:618 [ref. 36320], Fricke et al. 2019:43 [ref. 36673], Gloerfelt-Tarp & Kailola 2022:2 [ref. 41223], Fricke et al. 2023:16 [ref. 40338], Zhang et al. 2023:52 [ref. 40425]). Replacement Name. Current status: Valid as Squalus montalbani Whitley 1931. Squalidae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Indonesia east to Philippines and New Ireland (Papua New Guinea), north to Taiwan, south to northern Australia. Habitat: marine.

nasutus, Squalus Last [P. R.], Marshall [L. J.] & White [W. T.] 2007:83, Figs. 1a, 2a, 3-4, 5a [CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research Paper No. 014 (part 8); ref. 29131] West of Leander Point, Western Australia, 29°15'S, 113°56'E, depth 325 meters. Holotype: CSIRO H 2590-12. Paratypes: (18) at CSIRO (16), WAM (2). Plus non-type material. Type catalog: Not treated by Moore et al. 2008 [ref. 30117]. •Valid as Squalus nasutus Last, Marshall & White 2007 -- (White et al. 2007:107 [ref. 29133], White et al. 2007:113 [ref. 29134], White & Iglésias 2011:2 [ref. 31482], Weigmann 2016:68 [ref. 34211], Viana et al. 2016:4 [ref. 34525], Viana et al. 2017:[4] [ref. 35249], Viana et al. 2017:21 [ref. 35600], Viana & Carvalho 2018:173 [ref. 35959], Daly-Engel et al. 2018:151 [ref. 36326], Viana & Carvalho 2020:292 [ref. 37573], Fricke et al. 2023:16 [ref. 40338]). Current status: Valid as Squalus nasutus Last, Marshall & White 2007. Squalidae. Distribution: Western Australia and Indo-Australian Archipelago to Philippines. Habitat: marine.

notocaudatus, Squalus Last [P. R.], White [W. T.] & Stevens [J. D.] 2007:48, Figs. 9-12 [CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research Paper No. 014 (part 5); ref. 29128] East of Flinders Reef, Queensland, Australia, 17°27'S, 149°46'E, depth 348 meters. Holotype: CSIRO H 1368-02. Paratypes: CSIRO H 1321-01, 1322-01 (1), 1323-01 (1). •Valid as Squalus notocaudatus Last, White & Stevens 2007 -- (White et al. 2007:107 [ref. 29133], White et al. 2007:114 [ref. 29134], Weigmann 2016:68 [ref. 34211], Viana et al. 2016:4 [ref. 34525], Viana & de Carvalho 2016:551 [ref. 34673], Viana & Carvalho 2018:174 [ref. 35959], Viana & Carvalho 2018:619 [ref. 36320]). Current status: Valid as Squalus notocaudatus Last, White & Stevens 2007. Squalidae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific: Queensland, Australia. Habitat: marine.

philippinus, Squalus Smith [H. M.] & Radcliffe [L.] in Smith 1912:677, Pl. 51; Fig. 1 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 41 (no. 1877); ref. 4042] Off Sombrero Island, western coast Luzon Island, 13°45'15"N, 120°46'30"E, Philippines, Albatross station 5111, depth 236 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 70256. Type catalog: Howe & Springer 1993:11 [ref. 21812]. First author is H. M. Smith. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Squalus philippinus Shaw 1804. •Questionably a synonym of Squalus mitsukurii Jordan & Snyder 1903 -- (Compagno 1984:121 [ref. 6474], Compagno et al. 2005:49 [ref. 29145]). •Synonym of Squalus montalbani Whitley 1931 -- (Last et al. 2007:55 [ref. 29129], Viana et al. 2017:20 [ref. 35600]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Squalus montalbani Whitley 1931. Squalidae. Habitat: marine.

ponticus, Squalus acanthias Myagkov [N. A.] & Kondyurin [V. V.] 1986:562 [3] [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 26 (no. 4); ref. 8063] Feodoria region, Black Sea. Syntypes: ZMMU P-15983 (104, embryos from one female [now 3 spec.]). Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:13 [ref. 25714]. On p. 3 of English translation. •Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758, but apparently a valid subspecies ponticus Myagkov & Kondyurin 1986 -- (Ebert et al. 2010:33 [ref. 30955]). •Synonym of Squalus acanthias Myagkov & Kondyurin 1986 -- (Parin et al. 2014:25 [ref. 33547], Dyldin 2015:57 [ref. 34524]). Current status: Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758. Squalidae. Habitat: marine.

probatovi, Squalus Myagkov [N. A.] & Kondyurin [V. V.] 1986:567 [10] [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 26 (no. 4); ref. 8063] Off Cunene [Kunene] River, Angola, southeastern Attlantic. Holotype (unique): ZMMU P-15991 (embryo). Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:13 [ref. 25714]. On p. 10 of English translation. •Questionably a synonym of Squalus megalops (Macleay 1881) -- (Compagno et al. 1991:68 [ref. 21083]). •Questionably valid as Squalus probatovi Myagkov & Kondyurin 1986 -- (Compagno 1999:472 [ref. 25589]). •Synonym of Squalus megalops (Macleay 1881) -- (Vasil'eva et al. 2001:13 [ref. 25714], Weigmann 2016:68 [ref. 34211]). •Valid as Squalus probatovi Myagkov & Kondyurin 1986 -- (Gubanov & Timoxin 1989:224 [ref. 36138] with authors as Kondyurin & Myagkov 1984, Viana & Carvalho 2018:619 [ref. 36320], Fricke et al. 2023:16 [ref. 40338]). Current status: Valid as Squalus probatovi Myagkov & Kondyurin 1986. Squalidae. Distribution: Eastern Atlantic: Senegal south to Angola; southwestern Indian Ocean: South Africa and Mozambique to Madagascar. Habitat: marine.

quasimodo, Squalus Viana [S. T. de F. L.], Carvalho [M. R. de] & Gomes [U. L.] 2016:58, Figs. 35-40 [Zootaxa 4133 (no. 1); ref. 34525] Off coast of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Holotype: MZUSP 118707. Paratypes: MCP; UERJ. Type catalog: Lima et al. 2023:304 [ref. 40221]. •Valid as Squalus quasimodo Viana, Carvalho & Gomes 2016 -- (Viana et al. 2017:21 [ref. 35600], Pfleger et al. 2018:111 [ref. 36011], Ehemann et al. 2019:[5] [ref. 36861], Carvalho-Filho 2023:293 [ref. 40480]). Current status: Valid as Squalus quasimodo Viana, Carvalho & Gomes 2016. Squalidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Venezuela (Caribbean Sea) south to northern Argentina. Habitat: marine.

rancureli, Squalus Fourmanoir [P.] 1979:11, Fig. [Nature calédonienne v. 16; ref. 35960] Vate, Vanuatu, 17°30'00"S, 167°30'00"E. Holotype: MNHN-IC-1978-0693. Paratypes: MNHN-IC-1987-1203-4 [ex ORSTOM-Nouméa] (2). Also described in Fourmanoir & Rivaton 1979:437 [ref. 8833] Figs. 25-26, with subsequent type designation. Last et al. 2007:83 [ref. 29131] list distribution as New Caledonia. •Valid as Squalus rancureli Fourmanoir & Rivaton 1979 -- (Compagno 1984:122 [ref. 6474], Compagno & Niem 1998:1231 [ref. 23787], Compagno 1999:472 [ref. 25589], Baranes 2003:42 [ref. 27888] as rancurelli, Compagno et al. 2005:51 [ref. 29145], Last et al. 2007:23 [ref. 29126], Last et al. 2007:83 [ref. 29131], White et al. 2007:113 [ref. 29134], Fricke et al. 2011:346 [ref. 31242], Weigmann 2016:68 [ref. 34211], Viana et al. 2016:4 [ref. 34525]). •Synonym of Squalus melanurus Fourmanoir 1979 -- (Viana & Carvalho 2018:162 [ref. 35959]). Current status: Synonym of Squalus melanurus Fourmanoir 1979. Squalidae. Habitat: marine.

raoulensis, Squalus Duffy [C. A. J.] & Last [P. R.] 2007:31, Figs. 1-4 [CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research Paper No. 014 (part 4); ref. 29127] Off Raoul Island, Kermadec Islands, New Zealand, 29°14'S, 177°53'W, depth 320 meters. Holotype: NMNZ P 41678. Paratypes: NMNZ P 34436 (1), P 42572 (2). •Valid as Squalus raoulensis Duffy & Last 2007 -- (White et al. 2007:114 [ref. 29134], White & Iglésias 2011:1 [ref. 31482], Duffy & Ahyong 2015:106 [ref. 36167], Duffy & Last 2015:130 [ref. 34221], Weigmann 2016:68 [ref. 34211], Viana et al. 2016:4 [ref. 34525], Viana & de Carvalho 2016:551 [ref. 34673], Viana & Carvalho 2018:174 [ref. 35959], Viana & Carvalho 2018:619 [ref. 36320]). Current status: Valid as Squalus raoulensis Duffy & Last 2007. Squalidae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific: Kermadec Ridge endemic. Habitat: marine.

shiraii, Squalus Viana [S. T. de F. L.] & Carvalho [M. R. de] 2020:277, Figs. 1, 3A-B, 7A-B [Zoosystematics and Evolution v. 96 (no. 2); ref. 37573] Okinawa Trough, 25°37'28'N, 126°05'35"E - 25°38'12'N, 126°07'83"E. Holotype: HUMZ 149389. Paratypes: HUMZ. Plus additional non-type material. •Valid as Squalus shiraii Viana & Carvalho 2020. Current status: Valid as Squalus shiraii Viana & Carvalho 2020. Squalidae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific: southern Japan. Habitat: marine.

suckleyi, Spinax (Acanthias) Girard [C. F.] 1855:196 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 7 (no. 6); ref. 18001] Hood Channel, Puget Sound, Washington, U.S.A., 47°22'N, 123°05'W, depth 30 meters over bottom of 55 meters. Neotype: CAS 227267. Syntypes lost. Neotype established in Ebert et al. 2010:28, 33 [ref. 30955]. Also spelled sucklii in early literature. •Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758 -- (Compagno 1984:111 [ref. 6474], Lloris & Rucabado 1991:27 [ref. 22530], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:15 [ref. 25650], White et al. 2007:113 [ref. 29134], Castro 2011:55 [ref. 31457]). •Valid as Squalus suckleyi (Girard 1855) -- (Ebert et al. 2010:28 [ref. 30955], Page et al. 2013:53 [ref. 32708] dated 1854, Ebert et al. 2013:2874 [ref. 33045] dated 1854, Parin et al. 2014:26 [ref. 33547], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:58 [ref. 34398], Mecklenburg & Steinke 2015:163 [ref. 34033], Dyldin 2015:57 [ref. 34524], Weigmann 2016:66, 68 [ref. 34211], Mecklenburg et al. 2016:18 [ref. 34440], Viana et al. 2016:4 [ref. 34525], Lee et al. 2016:493 [ref. 34692], Kells et al. 2016:74 [ref. 35888], Ebert et al. 2017:51 [ref. 35618], Dyldin & Orlov 2018:165 [ref. 35920], Ehemann et al. 2018:24 [ref. 36194], Mecklenburg et al. 2018:36 [ref. 36370], Burton & Lea 2019:30 [ref. 37205], Kim et al. 2020:41 [ref. 39118], Viana & Carvalho 2020:299 [ref. 37573], Dyldin et al. 2021:16 [ref. 38804], Dyldin & Orlov 2021:56 [ref. 38158], González-Acosta et al. 2021:6 [ref. 38361], Love et al. 2021:21 [ref. 39279], Dyldin et al. 2022:[7] [ref. 39193], Page et al. 2023:42 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:82 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Squalus suckleyi (Girard 1855). Squalidae. Distribution: North Pacific: Korea and northern Japan north to Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands; Washington (U.S.A.) south to Pacific coast of Baja California Sur (Mexico). Habitat: marine.

tasmaniensis, Squalus Howell Rivero [L.] 1936:267, Pl. 10 [Occasional Papers of the Boston Society of Natural History v. 8; ref. 18314] Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. Holotype (unique): MCZ 146-S. •Synonym of Squalus mitsukurii Jordan & Snyder 1903 -- (Compagno 1984:121 [ref. 6474] with question, Paxton et al. 1989:37 [ref. 12442]). •Synonym of Squalus megalops (Macleay 1881) -- (Last & Stevens 1994:100 [ref. 23873], Hoese 2006:155 [ref. 28998]). •Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758 -- (White et al. 2007:112 [ref. 29134], Dyldin 2015:57 [ref. 34524], Viana et al. 2016:9, 31 [ref. 34525]). Current status: Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758. Squalidae. Habitat: marine.

vulgaris, Acanthias Bonaparte [C. L.] 1846:15 [Atti della Settima Adunanza degli Scienziati Italiani Sesta Riunione, Milano 7a Adunanza, Napoli, Part 2; ref. 519] Apparently the same as, and preoccupied by Acanthias vulgaris Risso 1827 = Squalius acanthias Linnaeus 1758; objectively invalid. •Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758 -- (Dyldin 2015:57 [ref. 34524]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758. Squalidae. Habitat: marine.

vulgaris, Acanthias Risso [A.] 1827:131 [Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l'Europe méridionale v. 3; ref. 3757] Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea; northeastern Atlantic. No types known. Unnecessary replacement name for Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758. •Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758 -- (Krefft & Tortonese 1973:37 [ref. 7165], Compagno 1984:111 [ref. 6474], Springer 1990:12 [ref. 19315], Lloris & Rucabado 1991:27 [ref. 22530], Last & Stevens 1994:99 [ref. 23873], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:17 [ref. 26753], Golani 2005:11 [ref. 37112], White et al. 2007:113 [ref. 29134], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:11 [ref. 36649], Dyldin 2015:57 [ref. 34524], Viana et al. 2016:9 [ref. 34525], Ebert et al. 2021:21 [ref. 38234], Russell & van Oijen 2021:437 [ref. 38177], Bañón & Mano 2022:4 [ref. 40121]). Replacement Name. Current status: Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758. Squalidae. Habitat: marine.

wakiyae, Squalus Tanaka [S.] 1918:475, Pl. 130 (figs. 368-370) [Figures and descriptions of the fishes of Japan v. 27; ref. 14911] Watanoha, Ishinomaki, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan, depth 225 meters. Syntypes: (3) ZUMT 4684 (1), 4685 (1), 7632 (1, lost). Type catalog: Aizawa et al. 2022:200 [ref. 39648]. The spelling wakiyae is acceptable; early workers almost certainly Latinized the name first, and then added an 'e' (Art. 31.1.1) [WNE, 12 Mar. 2012] -- we suggest using wakiyae when the species is treated as valid. •Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758 -- (Compagno 1984:111 [ref. 6474], Lloris & Rucabado 1991:27 [ref. 22530], White et al. 2007:113 [ref. 29134]). Current status: Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758. Squalidae. Habitat: marine.

whitleyi, Squalus Phillipps [W. J.] 1931:361 [The New Zealand Journal of Science and Technology v. 12 (no. 6); ref. 16325] Hobson's Bay, Victoria, Australia. No types known. Based on a literature source. •Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758 -- (Compagno 1984:111 [ref. 6474], Paxton et al. 1989:37 [ref. 12442], Lloris & Rucabado 1991:27 [ref. 22530], Last & Stevens 1994:99 [ref. 23873], Hoese 2006:155 [ref. 28998], White et al. 2007:113 [ref. 29134], Dyldin 2015:57 [ref. 34524]). Current status: Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758. Squalidae. Habitat: marine.