Please look in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes for authorships of sections, Families of Fishes (all), and related information.

Species in the family or subfamily Sternoptychidae: [ 101 ] records

aculeatus, Argyropelecus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1850:406 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 22; ref. 1014] Azores, northeastern Atlantic. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000-1817. Type catalog: Bertin 1940:314 [ref. 293]. •Valid as Argyropelecus aculeatus Valenciennes 1850 -- (Baird 1973:124 [ref. 7173], Yamamoto in Okamura et al. 1982:77, 326 [ref. 8256], Uyeno & Aizawa in Uyeno et al. 1983:137 [ref. 14275], Badcock in Whitehead et al. 1984:306 [ref. 13675], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:47 [ref. 6441], Baird 1986:256 [ref. 6288], Paxton et al. 1989:191 [ref. 12442], Pequeño 1989:30 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:95 [ref. 24556], McAllister 1990:89 [ref. 14674], Quéro et al. 1990:275 [ref. 14659], Harold 1993:125 [ref. 20311], Cervigón 1996:168 [ref. 24489], Shinohara et al. 1996:161 [ref. 26605], Santos et al. 1997:31 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:33 [ref. 24952], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:429 [ref. 23897], Uiblein et al. 1999:61 [ref. 24045], Fricke 1999:89 [ref. 24106], Porteiro et al. 1999:28 [ref. 24203], Nakabo 2000:315 [ref. 25086], Randall & Lim in Randall & Lim 2000:590 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2002:315 [ref. 26001], Harold et al. in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:185 [ref. 26158], Harold 2003:892 [ref. 27001], Menezes & Figueiredo in Menezes et al. 2003:45 [ref. 27192], Moore et al. 2003:184 [ref. 27076], Shinohara et al. 2005:405 [ref. 28370], Mundy 2005:168 [ref. 28379], Paxton et al. 2006:424 [ref. 28995], Harold & Gomon 2008:230 [ref. 30629], Fricke et al. 2009:23 [ref. 30213], Bañon et al. 2010:8 [ref. 31029], Costa & Mincarone 2010:306 [ref. 37483], Fricke et al. 2011:356 [ref. 31242], Lima et al. 2011:38 [ref. 31116], Harold et al. 2015:453 [ref. 34249], Bañón et al. 2016:307 [ref. 34397], Harold 2016:1795 [ref. 34568], Fricke et al. 2018:65 [ref. 35805], Carneiro et al. 2019:89 [ref. 37250], Fricke et al. 2019:60 [ref. 36673], Eduardo et al. 2020:5 [ref. 37626], Sutton et al. 2020:73 [ref. 37832], Bañón & Maño 2021:54 [ref. 38883], Love et al. 2021:56 [ref. 39279], Eduardo et al. 2022:6 [ref. 39574], Fermon et al. 2022:169 [ref. 39448] possible, Grove et al. 2022:16 [ref. 41326], Villarins et al. 2022:19 [ref. 39442], Page et al. 2023:85 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Argyropelecus aculeatus Valenciennes 1850. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and temperate seas. Habitat: marine.

affinis, Argyropelecus Garman [S.] 1899:237 [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 24; ref. 1540] Off Antilles, 15°24'40"N, 63°31'30"W, Albatross station 2117, depth 683 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 44593. •Valid as Argyropelecus affinis Garman 1899 -- (Baird 1973:124 [ref. 7173], Uyeno & Aizawa in Uyeno et al. 1983:138 [ref. 14275], Badcock in Whitehead et al. 1984:307 [ref. 13675], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:48 [ref. 6441], Baird 1986:256 [ref. 6288], Scott & Scott 1988:170 [ref. 25518], Matarese et al. 1989:94 [ref. 26885], Pequeño 1989:30 [ref. 14125], McAllister 1990:89 [ref. 14674], Quéro et al. 1990:276 [ref. 14659], Harold 1993:125 [ref. 20311], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:290 [ref. 24545], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:430 [ref. 23897], Harold 1999:1901 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:315 [ref. 25086], Randall & Lim in Randall & Lim 2000:590 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2002:315 [ref. 26001], Harold 2003:892 [ref. 27001], Menezes & Figueiredo in Menezes et al. 2003:45 [ref. 27192], Moore et al. 2003:184 [ref. 27076], Love et al. 2005:36 [ref. 37547], Shinohara et al. 2005:405 [ref. 28370], Mundy 2005:168 [ref. 28379], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:250 [ref. 28944], Lima et al. 2011:46 [ref. 31116], Harold 2016:1795 [ref. 34568], Kells et al. 2016:104 [ref. 35888], Burton & Lea 2019:42 [ref. 37205], Carneiro et al. 2019:89 [ref. 37250], Reiner 2019:89 [ref. 38139], Eduardo et al. 2020:5 [ref. 37626], Sutton et al. 2020:72 [ref. 37832], Love et al. 2021:56 [ref. 39279], Eduardo et al. 2022:6 [ref. 39574], Fermon et al. 2022:169 [ref. 39448], Grove et al. 2022:16 [ref. 41326], Villarins et al. 2022:19 [ref. 39442], Page et al. 2023:85 [ref. 40505], Reading & Horton 2023:11 [ref. 41317]). Current status: Valid as Argyropelecus affinis Garman 1899. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and subtropical seas. Habitat: marine.

alcocki, Argyropelecus Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.] 1896:126 [Special Bulletin U. S. National Museum No. 2; ref. 1848] Indian Ocean, Investigator station 118, depth 103 fathoms. Based on Alcock, 1891:126. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae.

amabilis, Sternoptychides Ogilby [J. D.] 1888:1313 [Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales (Series 2) v. 3 (pt 3); ref. 3265] Lord Howe Island. Lectotype: AMS I.16263-001 [ex MAMU F93]. Paralectotypes: AMS I.16263-002 [ex MAMU F93] (1). Type catalog: Stanbury 1969:205 [ref. 19518]. Lectotype selected by McCulloch 1923:118, Pl. 14 (fig. 3) [ref. 2049]. •Synonym of Argyropelecus aculeatus Valenciennes 1850 -- (Baird 1973:124 [ref. 7173], Baird 1986:255 [ref. 6288], Paxton et al. 1989:191 [ref. 12442], Quéro et al. 1990:275 [ref. 14659], Mundy 2005:168 [ref. 28379], Paxton et al. 2006:424 [ref. 28995]). Current status: Synonym of Argyropelecus aculeatus Valenciennes 1850. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Habitat: marine.

amethystinopunctatus, Maurolicus Cocco [A.] 1838:193 [33], Pl. 8 (fig. 12) [Nuovi annali delle scienze naturali e rendiconto dei lavori dell'Accademia della Scienze dell'Instituto di Bologna con appendice agraria. Bologna Anno 1, Tomo 2 (fasc. 9); ref. 865] Messina, Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Mentioned on p. 192 as Scopelus amethistino-punctatus and on p. 193 in main account as Maurolicus Amethystino-punctatus and as Scopelus (Maurolicus) amethystino-punctatus on p. 194. •Synonym of Maurolicus muelleri (Gmelin 1789) -- (Witzell 1973:119 [ref. 7172], Quéro et al. 1990:279 [ref. 14659], Rees et al. 2020:9 [ref. 37969] with question). •Valid as Maurolicus amethystinopunctatus Cocco 1838 -- (Parin & Kobyliansky 1993:89 [ref. 21208], Parin & Kobyliansky 1996:192 [ref. 22246], Santos et al. 1997:32 [ref. 23531], Porteiro et al. 1999:29 [ref. 24203] as amestinopunctatus, Savinykh & Baytalyuk 2010:148 [ref. 31015], Lima et al. 2011:46 [ref. 31116], Harold 2016:1795 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:90 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:75 [ref. 37832], Grove et al. 2022:16 [ref. 41326]). Current status: Valid as Maurolicus amethystinopunctatus Cocco 1838. Sternoptychidae: Maurolicinae. Distribution: Mediterranean Sea; Atlantic; southeastern Pacific: Chile and Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). Habitat: marine.

antrorsospinus, Argyropelecus Schultz [L. P.] 1937:1, Fig. 1 [Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections v. 91 (no. 27) (publ. 3439); ref. 10123] Off Culebra Island, Puerto Rico, 18°32'54"N, 65°23'42"W to 18°32'15"N, 65°18'45"W, depth 250-320 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 102989. Paratypes: USNM 33393 (1), 35561 (1), 43855 (1), 102987 (1). •Synonym of Argyropelecus aculeatus Valenciennes 1850 -- (Baird 1973:124 [ref. 7173], Quéro et al. 1990:276 [ref. 14659]). Current status: Synonym of Argyropelecus aculeatus Valenciennes 1850. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Habitat: marine.

aquavitus, Polyipnus Baird [R. C.] 1971:96, Fig. 72 [Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 142 (no. 1); ref. 7665] Banda Sea, between Tasmania and New Zealand, 33°42'S, 151°51'E, Galathea station 551, depth 260-680 fathoms. Holotype: ZMUC P20969. Paratypes: MCZ 46526 (2). •Valid as Polyipnus aquavitus Baird 1971 -- (Paxton et al. 1989:192 [ref. 12442], Paulin et al. 1989:96 [ref. 24556], Harold 1994:497 [ref. 21941], Harold 1999:1902 [ref. 24741], Randall & Lim in Randall & Lim 2000:590 [ref. 25122], Paxton et al. 2006:426 [ref. 28995], Harold & Gomon 2008:232 [ref. 30629], Fricke et al. 2011:357 [ref. 31242], Fricke et al. 2015:2 [ref. 33930], Harold et al. 2015:459 [ref. 34249], Fricke et al. 2019:61 [ref. 36673]). Current status: Valid as Polyipnus aquavitus Baird 1971. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: eastern Indonesia east to South Fiji Basin, south to Tasman Sea and northern New Zealand. Habitat: marine.

asper, Polyipnus Harold [A. S.] 1994:504, Fig. 42 [Bulletin of Marine Science v. 54 (no. 2); ref. 21941] Off western coast of Malay Peninsula, Andaman Sea, 10°39'N, 46°35'E, depth 0-384 meters. Holotype: USNM 273282. Paratypes: USNM 304746 (30). •Valid as Polyipnus asper Harold 1994 -- (Harold 1999:1902 [ref. 24741], Vourey et al. 2017:574 [ref. 35312]). Current status: Valid as Polyipnus asper Harold 1994. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean: Andaman Sea. Habitat: marine.

asteroides, Polyipnus Schultz [L. P.] 1938:138, Fig. 44 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 86 (no. 3047); ref. 10126] 18°29'45"N, 65°25'50"W to 18°35'30"N, 65°23'54"W, Caribbean Sea, depth 200-400 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 102979. Paratypes: IRSNB [ex USNM] 402 (1); USNM 86131 (1), 102978 (4). Type catalog: Walschaerts 1987:8 [ref. 20755]. •Valid as Polyipnus asteroides Schultz 1938 -- (Scott & Scott 1988:172 [ref. 25518], McAllister 1990:90 [ref. 14674], Boschung 1992:68 [ref. 23239], Harold 1994:484 [ref. 21941], Harold 2003:892 [ref. 27001], Møller et al. 2010:29 [ref. 31169], Lima et al. 2011:46 [ref. 31116], Harold et al. 2016:555 [ref. 34450], Vourey et al. 2017:574 [ref. 35312], Page et al. 2023:85 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Polyipnus asteroides Schultz 1938. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: Greenland; western Atlantic: Caribbean Sea and off Greater Antilles. Habitat: marine.

asteroscopus, Danaphos Bruun [A. F.] 1931:287, Pl. 8 (fig. 1) [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, Kjøbenhavn v. 92; ref. 672] Indian Ocean, 1°45'N, 71°05'E, Dana station 3917, estimated depth 1850 meters (3700 meters of wire out) over 4080 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMUC P202773. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:25 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Danaphos asteroscopus Bruun 1931. Current status: Valid as Danaphos asteroscopus Bruun 1931. Sternoptychidae: Maurolicinae. Distribution: Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine.

atlanticus, Argyripnus Maul [G. E.] 1952:56, Fig. 17 [Boletim do Museu Municipal do Funchal No. 6 (art. 16); ref. 21939] Funchal Harbor, Madeira, eastern Atlantic, at surface. Holotype (unique): MMF 3226. •Valid as Argyripnus atlanticus Maul 1952 -- (Witzell 1973:115 [ref. 7172], Yamamoto in Okamura et al. 1982:75, 325 [ref. 8256], Badcock in Whitehead et al. 1984:304 [ref. 13675], Quéro et al. 1990:275 [ref. 14659], Parin 1992:136 [ref. 20424], Harold 2003:892 [ref. 27001], Harold & Lancaster 2003:888 [ref. 27382], Mundy 2005:167 [ref. 28379], Quéro et al. 2009:39 [ref. 30245], Lima et al. 2011:38 [ref. 31116], Harold 2016:1795 [ref. 34568], Prokofiev 2017:239 [ref. 35280], Carneiro et al. 2019:89 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:70 [ref. 37832], Prokofiev 2023:822 [ref. 40378]). Current status: Valid as Argyripnus atlanticus Maul 1952. Sternoptychidae: Maurolicinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Florida, Puerto Rico, Caribbean Sea, southwestern Atlantic; eastern Atlantic: Azores, Madeira, Great Meteor Bank, Canary Islands, Endeavour Bank; ?central Pacific Ocean: Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine.

australis, Maurolicus Hector [J.] 1875:250, Pl. 11 (fig. 90d) [Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute v. 7 (art. 34); ref. 18269] Milford Sound and Cuttle Cave in Preservation Inlet, New Zealand. Syntypes: (2). •Valid as Maurolicus australis Hector 1875 -- (Parin & Kobyliansky 1993:92 [ref. 21208], Parin & Kobyliansky 1996:193 [ref. 22246], Harold 1999:1901 [ref. 24741], Hutchins 2001:19 [ref. 25847], Paxton et al. 2006:425 [ref. 28995], Harold & Gomon 2008:232 [ref. 30629], Savinykh & Baytalyuk 2010:148 [ref. 31015], Harold et al. 2015:458 [ref. 34249], Rees et al. 2020:9 [ref. 37969]). Current status: Valid as Maurolicus australis Hector 1875. Sternoptychidae: Maurolicinae. Distribution: Southern circumglobal; North Pacific. Habitat: marine.

bocagei, Argyropelecus Osório [B.] 1909:27, Pl. 2 (fig. 3) [Memorias do Museu Bocage, Lisboa Fasc. 1; ref. 3317] Off Setubal, Portugal, depth 600 meters. Holotype (unique): MD (destroyed in 1978 fire). •Uncertain in Argyropelecus -- (Carneiro et al. 2019:89 [ref. 37250]). Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae.

borealis, Scopelus Nilsson [S.] 1832:20 [Prodromus ichthyologiae Scandinavicae; ref. 3204] Western Norway. No types known. •Synonym of Maurolicus muelleri (Gmelin 1789) -- (Witzell 1973:119 [ref. 7172], Quéro et al. 1990:279 [ref. 14659], Parin & Kobyliansky 1993:80 [ref. 21208], Parin & Kobyliansky 1996:190 [ref. 22246]). Current status: Synonym of Maurolicus muelleri (Gmelin 1789). Sternoptychidae: Maurolicinae. Habitat: marine.

boreopacificus, Argyripnus Prokofiev [A. M.] 2017:235, Fig. on p. 236 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 57 (no. 2); ref. 35280] Pacific Ocean, northwestern underwater ridge, Pedestal Bank, ~31°N, ~173°E. Holotype: ZMMU 23823. Paratypes: ZMMU. •Valid as Argyripnus boreopacificus Prokofiev 2017. Current status: Valid as Argyripnus boreopacificus Prokofiev 2017. Sternoptychidae: Maurolicinae. Distribution: Pacific Ocean, Pedestal Bank. Habitat: marine.

breviculus, Maurolicus Parin [N. V.] & Kobyliansky [S. G.] 1993:102, Fig. 5B [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova = Transactions of the P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology v. 128; ref. 21208] Eastern Equatorial Pacific, 0°54'N, 84°01'W, depth 375-0 meters. Holotype: ZIN 50124. Paratypes: USNM 321408 (7), ZIN 50125-26 (2, 11), ZMMU P-18782 (6). Plus additional material. Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:39 [ref. 25714]. •Synonym of Maurolicus australis Hector 1875 -- (Rees et al. 2020:9 [ref. 37969] with question). •Valid as Maurolicus breviculus Parin & Kobyliansky 1993 -- (Parin & Kobyliansky 1996:194 [ref. 22246], McCosker et al. 1997:24 [ref. 22816], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:251 [ref. 28944], Savinykh & Baytalyuk 2010:148 [ref. 31015]). Current status: Valid as Maurolicus breviculus Parin & Kobyliansky 1993. Sternoptychidae: Maurolicinae. Distribution: Eastern equatorial Pacific [if valid]. Habitat: marine.

brocki, Argyripnus Struhsaker [P. J.] 1973:828, Fig. 1 [United States National Marine Fisheries Service Fishery Bulletin v. 71 (no. 3); ref. 7592] Penguin Bank, Hawaiian Islands, 21°09'42"N, 157°29'18"W, depth 183 meters. Holotype: USNM 207653. Paratypes: USNM 207654-62 (4, 1, 1, 1, 4, 4, 2, 1, 1). •Valid as Argyripnus brocki Struhsaker 1973 -- (Parin 1992:136 [ref. 20424], Harold 1999:1901 [ref. 24741], Harold & Lancaster 2003:889 [ref. 27382], Mundy 2005:167 [ref. 28379], Quéro et al. 2009:39 [ref. 30245], Prokofiev 2017:239 [ref. 35280]). Current status: Valid as Argyripnus brocki Struhsaker 1973. Sternoptychidae: Maurolicinae. Distribution: Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine.

bruuni, Polyipnus Harold [A. S.] 1994:486, Fig. 29 [Bulletin of Marine Science v. 54 (no. 2); ref. 21941] Off Kenya, 2°56'S, 40°28'E, depth 0-240 meters. Holotype (unique): USNM 298923. •Valid as Polyipnus bruuni Harold 1994. Current status: Valid as Polyipnus bruuni Harold 1994. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean off Kenya. Habitat: marine.

caninus, Argyropelecus Garman [S.] 1899:235 [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 24; ref. 1540] "Found floating on a log in the Indian Ocean off Port Louis Harbor", Mauritius, Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean. Holotype (unique): MCZ 6599 (poor condition). •Synonym of Argyropelecus aculeatus Valenciennes 1850 -- (Baird 1973:124 [ref. 7173], Baird 1986:256 [ref. 6288], Quéro et al. 1990:275 [ref. 14659]). Current status: Synonym of Argyropelecus aculeatus Valenciennes 1850. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Habitat: marine.

carlsbergi, Valenciennellus Bruun [A. F.] 1931:290, Pl. 8 (fig. 3) [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, Kjøbenhavn v. 92; ref. 672] Banda Sea, 5°47'S, 131°14'E, Dana station 3676, depth 200 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMUC P202775. Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:25 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Valenciennellus carlsbergi Bruun 1931 -- (Randall & Lim in Randall & Lim 2000:590 [ref. 25122], Fricke et al. 2019:61 [ref. 36673]). Current status: Valid as Valenciennellus carlsbergi Bruun 1931. Sternoptychidae: Maurolicinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: South China Sea; Papua New Guinea. Habitat: marine.

clarus, Polyipnus Harold [A. S.] 1994:488, Fig. 31 [Bulletin of Marine Science v. 54 (no. 2); ref. 21941] Off southeastern U.S.A., 33°59'N, 76°05'W, depth 0-409 meters. Holotype: USNM 273283. Paratypes: AMNH 76178 (10), FMNH 66633 (1), MCZ 66694 (2), USNM 304745 (18), ZMUC uncat. (1). •Valid as Polyipnus clarus Harold 1994 -- (McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:435 [ref. 23897], Harold et al. in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:188 [ref. 26158], Harold 2003:892 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:184 [ref. 27076], Nelson et al. 2004:87 [ref. 27807], Lima et al. 2011:46 [ref. 31116], Lins Oliveira et al. 2015:58 [ref. 37485], Page et al. 2013:88 [ref. 32708], Simian et al. 2022:374 [ref. 40776], Page et al. 2023:85 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Polyipnus clarus Harold 1994. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Nova Scotia Shelf (Canada, Saint Pierre et Miquelon/France) and Gulf of Maine (U.S.A.) south to Rio Grande do Norte (Brazil), including Caribbean Sea. Habitat: marine.

cyanea, Sternoptyx Marion de Procé [P.-M.] 1822:131 [Bulletin des Sciences, par la Société Philomathique de Paris [Sér. 3] [v. 9] (for 1822); ref. 17601] Bouroo [? = Buru Island, Indonesia]. No types known. Apparently an overlooked available name. Family placement uncertain. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae.

danae, Polyipnus Harold [A. S.] 1990:1112, Fig. 1 [Canadian Journal of Zoology v. 68 (no. 6); ref. 19249] South China Sea, 19°18.5'N, 120°13'E. Holotype: ZMUC P206919. Paratypes: ZMUC P206920 (1), P208577-81 (5). •Valid as Polyipnus danae Harold 1990 -- (Harold 1994:499 [ref. 21941], Harold 1999:1902 [ref. 24741]). Current status: Valid as Polyipnus danae Harold 1990. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: South China Sea and the Philippines. Habitat: marine.

diaphana, Sternoptyx Hermann [J.] 1781:33, Pl. (figs. 1-2) [Naturforscher v. 16 (art. 2); ref. 2145] Off Panama, Caribbean Sea, Western Atlantic, 11°6'N, 78°21'W [original locality Jamaica]. Neotype: MCZ 46402. Neotype designated by Baird 1971:75 [ref. 7665]. •Valid as Sternoptyx diaphana Hermann 1781 -- (Baird 1973:123 [ref. 7173], Uyeno & Aizawa in Uyeno et al. 1983:140 [ref. 14275], Badcock in Whitehead et al. 1984:315 [ref. 13675], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:48 [ref. 6441], Machida in Okamura & Kitajima 1984:149, 337 [ref. 8057], Baird 1986:258 [ref. 6288], Scott & Scott 1988:172 [ref. 25518], Matarese et al. 1989:103 [ref. 26885], Paxton et al. 1989:193 [ref. 12442], Pequeño 1989:31 [ref. 14125], Shinohara et al. 1996:161 [ref. 26605], Paulin et al. 1989:96 [ref. 24556], McAllister 1990:90 [ref. 14674], Quéro et al. 1990:280 [ref. 14659], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:291 [ref. 24545], Santos et al. 1997:33 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:34 [ref. 24952], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:437 [ref. 23897], Fricke 1999:88 [ref. 24106], Porteiro et al. 1999:29 [ref. 24203], Harold 1999:1902 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:314 [ref. 25086], Randall & Lim in Randall & Lim 2000:590 [ref. 25122], Hutchins 2001:19 [ref. 25847], Shinohara et al. 2001:297 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:314 [ref. 26001], Harold 2003:892 [ref. 27001], Menezes & Figueiredo in Menezes et al. 2003:45 [ref. 27192], Moore et al. 2003:184 [ref. 27076], Love et al. 2005:36 [ref. 37547], Shinohara et al. 2005:405 [ref. 28370], Mundy 2005:170 [ref. 28379], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:251 [ref. 28944], Paxton et al. 2006:428 [ref. 28995], Harold & Gomon 2008:234 [ref. 30629], Costa & Mincarone 2010:310 [ref. 37483], Fricke et al. 2011:357 [ref. 31242], Lima et al. 2011:42 [ref. 31116], Shinohara et al. 2014:238 [ref. 33330], Parin et al. 2014:146 [ref. 33547], Duffy & Ahyong 2015:109 [ref. 36167], Harold et al. 2015:466 [ref. 34249], Lins Oliveira et al. 2015:60 [ref. 37485], Bañón et al. 2016:307 [ref. 34397], Harold 2016:1795 [ref. 34568], Nión et al. 2016:35 [ref. 35565], Robertson et al. 2017:43 [ref. 35676], Fricke et al. 2018:66 [ref. 35805], Brown et al. 2019:158 [ref. 36444], Burton & Lea 2019:42 [ref. 37205], Carneiro et al. 2019:91 [ref. 37250], Fricke et al. 2019:61 [ref. 36673], Reiner 2019:91 [ref. 38139], Eduardo et al. 2020:5 [ref. 37626], Sutton et al. 2020:76 [ref. 37832], Bañón & Maño 2021:54 [ref. 38883], Love et al. 2021:57 [ref. 39279], Eduardo et al. 2022:6 [ref. 39574], Fermon et al. 2022:170 [ref. 39448], Grove et al. 2022:16 [ref. 41326], Villarins et al. 2022:22 [ref. 39442], Page et al. 2023:85 [ref. 40505], Reading & Horton 2023:11 [ref. 41317]). Current status: Valid as Sternoptyx diaphana Hermann 1781. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and temperate seas. Habitat: marine.

durvillei, Argyropelecus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1850:405 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 22; ref. 1014] North Atlantic. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000-5569 (poor condition). Type catalog: Bertin 1940:314 [ref. 293]. Originally as d'Urvillei (p. 405) and Urvillei (p. xviii). •Synonym of Argyropelecus hemigymnus Cocco 1829 -- (Baird 1973:123 [ref. 7173], Quéro et al. 1990:277 [ref. 14659], Gon 1990:123 [ref. 21680]). Current status: Synonym of Argyropelecus hemigymnus Cocco 1829. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Habitat: marine.

eastropas, Araiophos Ahlstrom [E. H.] & Moser [H. G.] 1969:493, Figs. 1-3 [Copeia 1969 (no. 3); ref. 7793] Tropical eastern Pacific, 12°48'S, 118°53.5'W, depth 200 meters. Holotype: USNM 203240. Paratypes: CAS 24137 (1), SIO 68-197 (1), USNM 203239 (1). •Valid as Araiophos eastropas Ahlstrom & Moser 1969 -- (Harold 1999:1901 [ref. 24741], Page et al. 2023:85 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Araiophos eastropas Ahlstrom & Moser 1969. Sternoptychidae: Maurolicinae. Distribution: Tropical eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

electronus, Argyripnus Parin [N. V.] 1992:135, Fig. 1 [Japanese Journal of Ichthyology v. 39 (no. 2); ref. 20424] Sala y Gomez Ridge, southeastern Pacific, 24°59'S, 88°29'W, depth 562-545 meters. Holotype: ZIN 49197. Paratypes: AMS I.28181-001 (3); USNM 304213 (3); ZIN 49198-99 (3, 11); ZMMU P-17950 (6). Plus additional material. Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:39 [ref. 25714]. •Valid as Argyripnus electronus Parin 1992 -- (Pequeño 1997:81 [ref. 23536], Harold & Lancaster 2003:883 [ref. 27382], Quéro et al. 2009:39 [ref. 30245], Prokofiev 2017:239 [ref. 35280]). Current status: Valid as Argyripnus electronus Parin 1992. Sternoptychidae: Maurolicinae. Distribution: Eastern South Pacific, Sala y Gomez Ridge. Habitat: marine.

elongatus, Argyropelecus Esmark [L.] 1871:489 [Forhandlinger i Videnskabs-selskabet i Christiania (for 1870); ref. 17462] Chinese Ocean. Holotype: ZMUO J650. Type catalog: Pethon 1969:3 [ref. 19268]. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae.

elongatus, Polyipnus Borodulina [O. D.] 1979:206 [8], Fig. 5 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 19 (no. 2) (art. 115); ref. 8735] Coral Sea, 19°15'S, 150°29'E, depth 440 meters. Holotype: ZIN 43999. Paratypes: ZIN 44001 (1). On p. 8 of English translation. •Valid as Polyipnus elongatus Borodulina 1979 -- (Paxton et al. 1989:192 [ref. 12442], Harold 1989:875 [ref. 13508], Harold 1994:506 [ref. 21941], Harold 1999:1902 [ref. 24741], Paxton et al. 2006:426 [ref. 28995]). Current status: Valid as Polyipnus elongatus Borodulina 1979. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: Australia. Habitat: marine.

ephippiatus, Argyripnus Gilbert [C. H.] & Cramer [F.] 1897:414, Pl. 39 (fig. 2) [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 19 (no. 1114); ref. 1635] Hawaiian Islands, 21°12'N, 157°49'W, Albatross station 3472, depth 295 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 47708. •Valid as Argyripnus ephippiatus Gilbert & Cramer 1897 -- (Paxton et al. 1989:190 [ref. 12442], Parin 1992:136 [ref. 20424], Harold 1999:1901 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:312 [ref. 25086], Shinohara et al. 2001:296 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:312 [ref. 26001], Harold & Lancaster 2003:883 [ref. 27382], Mundy 2005:167 [ref. 28379], Paxton et al. 2006:424 [ref. 28995], Harold & Gomon 2008:229 [ref. 30629], Quéro et al. 2009:39 [ref. 30245], Prokofiev 2017:239 [ref. 35280]). Current status: Valid as Argyripnus ephippiatus Gilbert & Cramer 1897. Sternoptychidae: Maurolicinae. Distribution: Western Pacific and Hawaiian Islands, Queensland (Australia), Sea of Japan, probably more widespread. Habitat: marine.

euryops, Thorophos Bruun [A. F.] 1931:288, Pl. 8 (fig. 2) [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, Kjøbenhavn v. 92; ref. 672] Western Mindanao Sea, Philippines, 9°17'N, 123°58'E, Dana station 3736, depth 200 meters. Holotype: ZMUC P202774. Paratypes: USNM 326695-96 (1, 1). Other material: ZMUC (8). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:25 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Thorophos euryops Bruun 1931 -- (Harold 1999:1902 [ref. 24741]). Current status: Valid as Thorophos euryops Bruun 1931. Sternoptychidae: Maurolicinae. Distribution: Philippines. Habitat: marine.

fraseri, Polyipnus Fowler [H. W.] 1934:257, Fig. 19 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 85 (for 1933); ref. 1416] Butung [Buton] Strait, Philippines, 12°56'22"N, 124°25'24"E, Albatross station 5648, depth 559 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 92324. •Valid as Polyipnus fraseri Fowler 1934 -- (Yamamoto in Okamura et al. 1982:79, 327 [ref. 8256], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:47 [ref. 6441], Harold 1989:875 [ref. 13508], Harold 1990 [ref. 19178], Harold 1994:508 [ref. 21941], Harold 1999:1902 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:316 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:316 [ref. 26001], Vourey et al. 2017:574 [ref. 35312]). Current status: Valid as Polyipnus fraseri Fowler 1934. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: Philippine Sea near Kyushu-Palau Ridge. Habitat: marine.

gigas, Argyropelecus Norman [J. R.] 1930:302, Fig. 10 [Discovery Reports v. 2; ref. 3219] Atlantic, 2°49'30"S, 9°25'30"W, depth 800-1000 meters. Holotype: BMNH 1930.1.12.328 (or 329). Paratypes: BMNH 1930.1.12.327 (1), 1930.1.12.329 (1). •Valid as Argyropelecus gigas Norman 1930 -- (Baird 1973:125 [ref. 7173], Badcock in Whitehead et al. 1984:308 [ref. 13675], Baird 1986:256 [ref. 6288], Inada in Nakamura et al. 1986:88 [ref. 14235], Scott & Scott 1988:171 [ref. 25518], Paxton et al. 1989:191 [ref. 12442], Pequeño 1989:30 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:95 [ref. 24556], McAllister 1990:89 [ref. 14674], Aizawa in Amaoka et al. 1990:113 [ref. 16024], Quéro et al. 1990:276 [ref. 14659], Harold 1993:125 [ref. 20311], Santos et al. 1997:31 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:33 [ref. 24952], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:431 [ref. 23897], Fricke 1999:88 [ref. 24106], Porteiro et al. 1999:8 [ref. 24203], Harold 1999:1901 [ref. 24741], Hutchins 2001:19 [ref. 25847], Harold 2003:892 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:184 [ref. 27076], Paxton et al. 2006:425 [ref. 28995], Harold & Gomon 2008:231 [ref. 30629], Bañon et al. 2010:8 [ref. 31029], Lima et al. 2011:45 [ref. 31116], Møller et al. 2010:28 [ref. 31169], Harold et al. 2015:454 [ref. 34249], Afonso et al. 2016:27, 98 [ref. 36199], Bañón et al. 2016:308 [ref. 34397], Harold 2016:1795 [ref. 34568], Nión et al. 2016:35 [ref. 35565], Carneiro et al. 2019:90 [ref. 37250], Reiner 2019:90 [ref. 38139], Eduardo et al. 2020:5 [ref. 37626], Sutton et al. 2020:72 [ref. 37832], Bañón & Maño 2021:54 [ref. 38883], Jufaili & Jawad 2021:446 [ref. 38643], Eduardo et al. 2022:6 [ref. 39574], Fermon et al. 2022:169 [ref. 39448], Villarins et al. 2022:20 [ref. 39442], Page et al. 2023:85 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Argyropelecus gigas Norman 1930. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and temperate seas, except northeastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

gracilis, Araiophos Grey [M.] 1961:465, Figs. 1-3 [Pacific Science v. 15 (no. 3); ref. 1905] Off Mauna Loa lava flow, Hawaiian Islands. Holotype: FMNH 73901. Paratypes: (9) FMNH 73902 (9, 1 c&s). Type catalog: Ibarra & Stewart 1987:11 [ref. 12367]. •Valid as Araiophos gracilis Grey 1861 -- (Mundy 2005:167 [ref. 28379]). Current status: Valid as Araiophos gracilis Grey 1961. Sternoptychidae: Maurolicinae. Distribution: Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine.

hawaiensis, Argyropelecus lynchus Schultz [L. P.] 1961:615, Fig. 12 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 112 (no. 3449); ref. 10156] Mauna Loa lava flow, Kona, Hawaii Island, Hawaiian Islands. Holotype: USNM 177931. Paratypes: SIO H53-372 (1), UH (uncat., 3, not found in 1997); USNM 164001 (1), 164002 (3, lost), 164003 (3 or 2). The correct spelling of the species epithet is lychnus. •Synonym of Argyropelecus sladeni Regan 1908 -- (Mecklenburg et al. 2002:221 [ref. 25968], Mundy 2005:169 [ref. 28379]). Current status: Synonym of Argyropelecus sladeni Regan 1908. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Habitat: marine.

heathi, Argyropelecus Gilbert [C. H.] 1905:601, Pl. 72 (fig. 1) [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 23 (pt 2) [for 1903]; ref. 1631] Kaiwi Channel, between Oahu Island and Molokai Island, Hawaiian Islands, Albatross station 4107, depth 350-355 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 51632. •Synonym of Argyropelecus hemigymnus Cocco 1829 -- (Quéro et al. 1990:277 [ref. 14659], Gon 1990:123 [ref. 21680], Mundy 2005:168 [ref. 28379]). Current status: Synonym of Argyropelecus hemigymnus Cocco 1829. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Habitat: marine.

hemigymnus, Argyropelecus Cocco [A.] 1829:146 [Giornale di Scienze Lettere e Arti per La Sicilia Anno 7, v. 26 (no. 77); ref. 857] Messina, Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Original spelling was Argyropelecus Emigymnus. Spelled hemigymnus in Isis, v. 24, 1831:1342 [Cocco ref. 20711]. Neotype designation by Fricke 1999:89 [ref. 24106] is invalid; see Fricke 2000:639 [ref. 24537]. •Valid as Argyropelecus hemigymnus Cocco 1829 -- (Baird 1973:123 [ref. 7173], Badcock in Whitehead et al. 1984:309 [ref. 13675], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:48 [ref. 6441], Baird 1986:256 [ref. 6288], Scott & Scott 1988:171 [ref. 25518], Matarese et al. 1989:96 [ref. 26885], Paxton et al. 1989:191 [ref. 12442], Pequeño 1989:30 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:95 [ref. 24556], McAllister 1990:89 [ref. 14674], Quéro et al. 1990:277 [ref. 14659], Gon 1990:123 [ref. 21680], Harold 1993:125 [ref. 20311], Shinohara et al. 1994:59 [ref. 22800], Galil & Goren 1994:49 [ref. 23163], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:290 [ref. 24545], Santos et al. 1997:32 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:33 [ref. 24952], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:432 [ref. 23897], Fricke 1999:88 [ref. 24106], Porteiro et al. 1999:29 [ref. 24203], Harold 1999:1901 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:315 [ref. 25086], Randall & Lim in Randall & Lim 2000:590 [ref. 25122], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:21 [ref. 25650], Hutchins 2001:19 [ref. 25847], Shinohara et al. 2001:296 [ref. 25995], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:41 [ref. 26753], Nakabo 2002:315 [ref. 26001], Harold 2003:892 [ref. 27001], Menezes & Figueiredo in Menezes et al. 2003:45 [ref. 27192], Moore et al. 2003:184 [ref. 27076], Golani 2005:21 [ref. 37112], Love et al. 2005:36 [ref. 37547], Mundy 2005:168 [ref. 28379], Shinohara et al. 2005:405 [ref. 28370], Paxton et al. 2006:425 [ref. 28995], Fricke et al. 2007:57 [ref. 29533], Harold & Gomon 2008:230 [ref. 30629], Fricke et al. 2009:24 [ref. 30213], Costa & Mincarone 2010:308 [ref. 37483], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:22 [ref. 36649], Møller et al. 2010:28 [ref. 31169], Lima et al. 2011:40 [ref. 31116], Fricke et al. 2011:356 [ref. 31242], Mecklenburg et al. 2011:119 [ref. 31212], Parin et al. 2014:145 [ref. 33547], Goren & Galil 2015:520 [ref. 33910], Harold et al. 2015:455 [ref. 34249], Bañón et al. 2016:307 [ref. 34397], Harold 2016:1795 [ref. 34568], Kells et al. 2016:347 [ref. 35888], Fricke et al. 2018:66 [ref. 35805], Mecklenburg et al. 2018:85 [ref. 36370], Burton & Lea 2019:42 [ref. 37205], Carneiro et al. 2019:90 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:92 [ref. 36864], Reiner 2019:90 [ref. 38139], Eduardo et al. 2020:5 [ref. 37626], Kovačić et al. 2020:13 [ref. 37519], Sutton et al. 2020:71 [ref. 37832], Bañón & Maño 2021:54 [ref. 38883], Dalyan et al. 2021:5 [ref. 38892], Golani 2021:22 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:24 [ref. 39014], Love et al. 2021:56 [ref. 39279], Eduardo et al. 2022:6 [ref. 39574], Fermon et al. 2022:169 [ref. 39448], Villarins et al. 2022:21 [ref. 39442], Page et al. 2023:85 [ref. 40505], Reading & Horton 2023:11 [ref. 41317]). Current status: Valid as Argyropelecus hemigymnus Cocco 1829. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical, subtropical and temperate seas, north to the Arctic region (including Mediterranean Sea). Habitat: marine.

hermann, Sternoptyx Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1803:612, 613 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 5; ref. 4930] Jamaica. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae.

hulleyi, Argyripnus Quéro [J.-C.], Spitz [J.] & Vayne [J.-J.] 2009:40, Figs. 1-2 [Cybium v. 33 (no. 1); ref. 30245] Site of the volcanic eruption of Piton de la Fournaise, Réunion, western Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean, at the surface. Holotype: MNHN 2007-1995. Paratypes: MHN RUN P514 (3), MHNLR 2008.2.1 (1), SAM 36936 (1), plus 3 non cataloged. •Valid as Argyripnus hulleyi Quéro, Spitz & Vayne 2009 -- (Prokofiev 2017:239 [ref. 35280]). Current status: Valid as Argyripnus hulleyi Quéro, Spitz & Vayne 2009. Sternoptychidae: Maurolicinae. Distribution: Southwestern Indian Ocean: Réunion (western Mascarenes endemic). Habitat: marine.

imperatorius, Maurolicus Parin [N. V.] & Kobyliansky [S. G.] 1993:94 [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova = Transactions of the P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology v. 128; ref. 21208] Emperor submarine ridge, 32°17'N, 173°11'E. North Pacific. Holotype: ZIN 50115. Paratypes: USNM 321407 (5), ZIN 50116 (10), ZMMU P-18780 (20). Plus additional matrerial. Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:39 [ref. 25714]. •Valid as Maurolicus imperatorius Parin & Kobyliansky 1993 -- (Parin & Kobyliansky 1996:193 [ref. 22246], Harold 1999:1901 [ref. 24741], Mundy 2005:169 [ref. 28379], Savinykh & Baytalyuk 2010:148 [ref. 31015]). Current status: Valid as Maurolicus imperatorius Parin & Kobyliansky 1993. Sternoptychidae: Maurolicinae. Distribution: Central North Pacific: Northern Hawaiian Ridge (Emperor Seamounts). Habitat: marine.

indicus, Polyipnus Schultz [L. P.] 1961:645, Fig. 22 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 112 (no. 3449); ref. 10156] Zanzibar area, Tanzania, Western Indian Ocean, depth 640-658 meters. Holotype: BMNH 1939.5.24.403. Paratypes: BMNH 1939.5.24.404 (1), USNM 179897 (1). •Valid as Polyipnus indicus Schultz 1961 -- (Baird 1986:257 [ref. 6288], Harold 1989:875 [ref. 13508], Harold 1994:510 [ref. 21941], Fricke 1999:88 [ref. 24106], Fricke et al. 2009:24 [ref. 30213], Vourey et al. 2017:574 [ref. 35312], Fricke et al. 2018:66 [ref. 35805]). Current status: Valid as Polyipnus indicus Schultz 1961. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: South and East Africa to Madagascar and Réunion (western Mascarenes). Habitat: marine.

inermis, Polyipnus Borodulina [O. D.] 1981:556 [122], Fig. 1 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 21 (no. 3); ref. 8630] Southeastern Pacific, 25°01'S, 88°27'W, depth 535-575 meters. Holotype: ZMMU P-15413. Paratypes: IOM uncat. (5). Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:40 [ref. 25714]. On p. 122 of English translation. •Valid as Polyipnus inermis Borodulina 1981 -- (Harold 1989:875 [ref. 13508], Pequeño 1989:31 [ref. 14125], Harold 1994:512 [ref. 21941], Vourey et al. 2017:574 [ref. 35312]). Current status: Valid as Polyipnus inermis Borodulina 1981. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: Southeastern Pacific: near Sala y Gomez Submarine Ridge. Habitat: marine.

intermedius, Argyropelecus Clarke [F. E.] 1878:244, Pl. 6 (top fig.) [Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute v. 10 (art. 30) (for 1877); ref. 841] Beach at Hokitika, New Zealand. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. •Valid as Argyropelecus intermedius Clarke 1878 -- (Pequeño 1989:31 [ref. 14125]). •Synonym of Argyropelecus hemigymnus Cocco 1829 -- (Baird 1973:123 [ref. 7173], Scott & Scott 1988:171 [ref. 25518], Quéro et al. 1990:277 [ref. 14659], Gon 1990:123 [ref. 21680], Mundy 2005:168 [ref. 28379]). Current status: Synonym of Argyropelecus hemigymnus Cocco 1829. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

inventionis, Maurolicus Parin [N. V.] & Kobyliansky [S. G.] 1993:83, Fig. 3B [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova = Transactions of the P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology v. 128; ref. 21208] Discovery Seamount, 42°18'S, 0°08'E, depth 200-0 meters. Holotype: ZIN 50101. Paratypes: USNM 321404 (15), ZIN 50102 (15), ZMMU P-18771 (9). Plus additional material. Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:39-40 [ref. 25714]. •Valid as Maurolicus inventionis Parin & Kobyliansky 1993 -- (Parin & Kobyliansky 1996:190 [ref. 22246], Trunov 1999:462 [ref. 24579], Andrew et al. 1995:12 [ref. 38009], Savinykh & Baytalyuk 2010:148 [ref. 31015], Lima et al. 2011:46 [ref. 31116]). Current status: Valid as Maurolicus inventionis Parin & Kobyliansky 1993. Sternoptychidae: Maurolicinae. Distribution: Southern-central Atlantic: Discovery Seamounts; Tristan da Cunha Group. Habitat: marine.

iridescens, Argyripnus McCulloch [A. R.] 1926:169, Pl. 45 (fig. 2) [Biological Results Endeavour v. 5 (pt 4); ref. 2947] Great Australian Bight south of Eucla, Western Australia; depth 350-450 fathoms. Holotype: AMS E.6582. Paratypes: AMS E.3552 (1), E.4367-70 (2, 2, 1, 1), E.6583-93 (11), IA 1344-49 (6); BMNH 1929.10.23.1 (1), 1929.10.23.2 (1). •Valid as Argyripnus iridescens McCulloch 1926 -- (Paxton et al. 1989:191 [ref. 12442], Paulin et al. 1989:94 [ref. 24556], Parin 1992:136 [ref. 20424], Gomon et al. 1994:250 [ref. 22532], Hutchins 2001:19 [ref. 25847], Harold & Lancaster 2003:883 [ref. 27382], Paxton et al. 2006:424 [ref. 28995], Harold & Gomon 2008:229 [ref. 30629], Quéro et al. 2009:39 [ref. 30245], Harold et al. 2015:452 [ref. 34249], Prokofiev 2017:239 [ref. 35280]). Current status: Valid as Argyripnus iridescens McCulloch 1926. Sternoptychidae: Maurolicinae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

japonicus, Maurolicus Ishikawa [C.] 1915:183, Pls. 12-13 [Journal of the College of Agriculture, Imperial University Tokyo v. 6 (no. 2); ref. 14999] Uodan [Uodu], Japan, Japanese Sea, depth usually 200-300 fathoms. Syntypes: (34) whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Maurolicus muelleri (Gmelin 1789) -- (Witzell 1973:120 [ref. 7172]). •Synonym of Maurolicus australis Hector 1875 -- (Rees et al. 2020:9 [ref. 37969] with question). •Valid as Maurolicus japonicus Ishikawa 1915 -- (Peden et al. 1985:4 [ref. 24081], Parin & Kobyliansky 1993:97 [ref. 21208], Parin & Kobyliansky 1996:193 [ref. 22246], Nakabo 2000:312 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:312 [ref. 26001], Shinohara et al. 2005:404 [ref. 28370], Mundy 2005:170 [ref. 28379], Savinykh & Baytalyuk 2010:148 [ref. 31015], Shinohara et al. 2011:39 [ref. 31715], Shinohara et al. 2014:237 [ref. 33330], Parin et al. 2014:145 [ref. 33547], Kim et al. 2020:65 [ref. 39118], Sonoyama et al. 2020:23 [ref. 37637]). Current status: Valid as Maurolicus japonicus Ishikawa 1915. Sternoptychidae: Maurolicinae. Distribution: North Pacific: Sea of Japan (Korea, Japan, Russia), Pacific coast of Japan; Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.). Habitat: marine.

japonicus, Polyipnus Schultz [L. P.] 1961:643, Fig. 19 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 112 (no. 3449); ref. 10156] Kii Strait, Japan. Holotype (unique): SIO H53-367. Polyipnus matsubarai and Polyipnus japonicus were described in the same work; Baird 1971:101 [ref. 7665] serves as first reviser selecting matsubarai over japonicus. •Synonym of Polyipnus matsubarai Schultz 1961 -- (Harold 1994:477 [ref. 21941]). Current status: Synonym of Polyipnus matsubarai Schultz 1961. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Habitat: marine.

javanicus, Maurolicus Parin [N. V.] & Kobyliansky [S. G.] 1993:100 [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova = Transactions of the P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology v. 128; ref. 21208] Area between 0°04' to 10°04'S, 97°55' to 122°43'E. Holotype: AMS I.24316-006. Paratypes: AMS 24316-006 (1), WAM P.15594-001 (1), P.15595-001 to 15601-001 (7). Plus additional material: MCZ 65971 (2). Type catalog: Moore et al. 2008:6 [ref. 30117]. •Valid as Maurolicus javanicus Parin & Kobyliansky 1993 -- (Parin & Kobyliansky 1996:194 [ref. 22246], Harold 1999:1901 [ref. 24741], Paxton et al. 2006:426 [ref. 28995], Savinykh & Baytalyuk 2010:148 [ref. 31015], Fricke et al. 2019:60 [ref. 36673], Gloerfelt-Tarp & Kailola 2022:65 [ref. 41223]). Current status: Valid as Maurolicus javanicus Parin & Kobyliansky 1993. Sternoptychidae: Maurolicinae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean, western Pacific. Habitat: marine.

kirkii, Polyipnus Hector [J.] 1896:743 [Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute v. 28; ref. 20785] Not available, no distinguishing features provided. •In the synonymy of Argyropelecus intermedius Clarke 1878. •In the synonymy of Argyropelecus hemigymnus Cocco 1829 Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Argyropelecus hemigymnus Cocco 1829. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae.

kiwiensis, Polyipnus Baird [R. C.] 1971:103, Fig. 79 [Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 142 (no. 1); ref. 7665] Off New Zealand, 36°50'S, 176°10'E. Holotype: NMNZ P.4861 [orig. 4802]. Paratypes: MCZ 46524 (1), NMNZ P.4802 (5) and P.4803. Type catalog: Hardy 1990:8 [ref. 18942]. •Valid as Polyipnus kiwiensis Baird 1971 -- (Paxton et al. 1989:192 [ref. 12442], Paulin et al. 1989:96 [ref. 24556], Aizawa 1990:97 [ref. 20451], Aizawa in Amaoka et al. 1990:116 [ref. 16024], Harold 1994:475 [ref. 21941], Harold 1999:1902 [ref. 24741], Hutchins 2001:19 [ref. 25847], Paxton et al. 2006:426 [ref. 28995], Harold et al. 2015:460 [ref. 34249]). Current status: Valid as Polyipnus kiwiensis Baird 1971. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific: Australia, Tasman Sea and New Zealand. Habitat: marine.

kornilovorum, Maurolicus Parin [N. V.] & Kobyliansky [S. G.] 1993:99 [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova = Transactions of the P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology v. 128; ref. 21208] Saya de Malha Bank, 11°40'S, 61°10'E, depth 100-0 meters. Holotype: ZIN 50120. Paratypes: USNM 321409 (12), ZIN 50121-22 (3, 6), ZMMU P-18781 (6). Plus additional material. Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:40 [ref. 25714]. •Valid as Maurolicus kornilovorum Parin & Kobyliansky 1993 -- (Parin & Kobyliansky 1996:194 [ref. 22246], Savinykh & Baytalyuk 2010:149 [ref. 31015]). Current status: Valid as Maurolicus kornilovorum Parin & Kobyliansky 1993. Sternoptychidae: Maurolicinae. Distribution: Saya de Malha Bank, tropical western Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine.

laruei, Polyipnus Vourey [E.], Dupoux [C.] & Harold [A. S.] 2017:2, Figs. 1-5 [Zootaxa 4263 (no. 3); ref. 35312] Off Reef Tombo, New Caledonia, western South Pacific, 22°33.885'S, 166°25.370'E, at surface, found dead. Holotype (unique): MNHN-IC-2014-2817. •Valid as Polyipnus laruei Vourey, Dupoux & Harold 2017. Current status: Valid as Polyipnus laruei Vourey, Dupoux & Harold 2017. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: New Caledonia. Habitat: marine.

laternatus, Polyipnus Garman [S.] 1899:238 [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 24; ref. 1540] Off Barbados, West Indies, depth 221 fathoms. Holotype (unique): MCZ 27945. •Valid as Polyipnus laternatus Garman 1899 -- (Harold 1994:490 [ref. 21941], Randall & Lim in Randall & Lim 2000:590 [ref. 25122], Harold 2003:892 [ref. 27001], Lima et al. 2011:44 [ref. 31116], Lins Oliveira et al. 2015:59 [ref. 37485]). Current status: Valid as Polyipnus laternatus Garman 1899. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Cape Hatteras (U.S.A.) south to Rio Grande do Norte (Brazil), including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. Habitat: marine.

latirastrus, Polyipnus Last [P. R.] & Harold [A. S.] 1994:211, Fig. 1 [Copeia 1994 (no. 1); ref. 22046] Western Pacific, 17°01'S, 151°19'E, depth 792-802 meters. Holotype: CSIRO H 2168-01. Paratypes: CSIRO H 2165-02 (2), H 2166-02 (1). •Valid as Polyipnus latirastrus Last & Harold 1994 -- (Harold 1999:1902 [ref. 24741], Paxton et al. 2006:426 [ref. 28995], Vourey et al. 2017:567 [ref. 35312]). Current status: Valid as Polyipnus latirastrus Last & Harold 1994. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: Queensland, Australia. Habitat: marine.

limatulus, Polyipnus Harold [A. S.] & Wessel [J. H., III] in Harold, Wessel & Johnson 1998:944, Figs. 1-2 [Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington v. 111 (no. 4); ref. 23600] Western Indian Ocean, 11°12'12"N, 47°57'30"E, depth 0-315 meters. Holotype: USNM 316316. Paratypes: MCZ 150026 (1), 150036 (1); USNM 293986 (3), 301277 (5); ZMA 121.800-806 (1, 2, 1, 7, 12, 29, 8). •Valid as Polyipnus limatulus Harold & Wessel 1998 -- (Vourey et al. 2017:567 [ref. 35312], Rajakrishnan et al. 2023:9 [ref. 40681]). Current status: Valid as Polyipnus limatulus Harold & Wessel 1998. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine.

lychnus, Argyropelecus Garman [S.] 1899:234, Pl. J (figs. 1-1b) [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 24; ref. 1540] South of Cuiba Island, Panama, 6°17'N, 82°05'W, Albatross station 3360, depth 1672 fathoms. Lectotype: USNM 57885. Paralectotypes: MCZ 28528-29 (3, 1), 35147 (1), 35193 (1), 96653-57 (1, 2, 1, 1, 1); USNM 120239-41 [ex MCZ 28529 and 19367] (1 ea.), 170966 (1). Lectotype selected by Schultz 1961 [ref. 10156]. Frequently misspelled lynchus. •Valid as Argyropelecus lychnus Garman 1899 -- (Peden et al. 1985:4 [ref. 24081], Scott & Scott 1988:171 [ref. 25518], Matarese et al. 1989:98 [ref. 26885], Pequeño 1989:31 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:95 [ref. 24556] as lynchus, McAllister 1990:89 [ref. 14674], Harold 1993:125 [ref. 20311], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:291 [ref. 24545], McCosker et al. 1997:24 [ref. 22816], Love et al. 2005:36 [ref. 37547], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:250 [ref. 28944], Fourriére et al. 2016:454 [ref. 34668], Kells et al. 2016:347 [ref. 35888], Burton & Lea 2019:42 [ref. 37205], Love et al. 2021:56 [ref. 39279], Grove et al. 2022:16 [ref. 41326], Page et al. 2023:85 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Argyropelecus lychnus Garman 1899. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: southern California (U.S.A.) south to Chile, including Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). Habitat: marine.

matsubarai, Polyipnus Schultz [L. P.] 1961:641, Fig. 17 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 112 (no. 3449); ref. 10156] Kumano-Nada, Japan. Holotype: USNM 179793. Paratypes: FAKU 109533 (3), USNM 179794 (1). •Valid as Polyipnus matsubarai Schultz 1961 -- (Yamamoto in Okamura et al. 1982:77, 326 [ref. 8256], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:47 [ref. 6441], Aizawa 1990:97 [ref. 20451], Harold 1994:477 [ref. 21941], Harold 1999:1902 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:317 [ref. 25086], Shinohara et al. 2001:297 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:317 [ref. 26001], Shinohara et al. 2005:405 [ref. 28370], Mundy 2005:170 [ref. 28379], Parin et al. 2014:146 [ref. 33547], Fricke et al. 2019:61 [ref. 36673], Kim et al. 2021:72 [ref. 39117]). Current status: Valid as Polyipnus matsubarai Schultz 1961. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: Western and central Pacific: Japan, Philippine Sea, Hawaiian-Emperor seamounts (Hawaiian Ridge). Habitat: marine.

maurolici, Scopelus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1850:439 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 22; ref. 1014] Mediterranean Sea. No types known. •Synonym of Maurolicus muelleri (Gmelin 1789) -- (Quéro et al. 1990:279 [ref. 14659]). •Synonym of Maurolicus amethystinopunctatus Cocco 1838 -- (Parin & Kobyliansky 1993:89 [ref. 21208], Parin & Kobyliansky 1996:192 [ref. 22246]). Current status: Synonym of Maurolicus amethystinopunctatus Cocco 1838. Sternoptychidae: Maurolicinae. Habitat: marine.

mediterranea, Sternoptix Cocco [A.] 1838:7, Figs. 2a-b [Il Faro Anno 6, v. 4 (no. 15); ref. 20278] Messina, Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Original genus should have been Sternoptyx. •Synonym of Argyropelecus hemigymnus Cocco 1829 -- (Tortonese 1970:169 [ref. 21834]). Current status: Synonym of Argyropelecus hemigymnus Cocco 1829. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Habitat: marine.

megalophthalma, Sonoda Grey [M.] 1959:181, Figs. 2-3 [Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 121 (no. 4); ref. 1904] Caribbean Sea, 13°25'N, 82°01'W, Oregon station 1918, depth 300 fathoms. Holotype: FMNH 65981. Paratypes: FMNH 65982-86 (2, 1, 4, 5, 10); USNM 201350 [ex FMNH 65968] (1, c&s). Type catalog: Ibarra & Stewart 1987:80 [ref. 12367]. •Valid as Sonoda megalophthalma Grey 1959 -- (McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:436 [ref. 23897], Harold 2003:892 [ref. 27001], Lima et al. 2011:45 [ref. 31116], Page et al. 2023:85 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Sonoda megalophthalma Grey 1959. Sternoptychidae: Maurolicinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Caribbean Sea. Habitat: marine.

meteori, Polyipnus Kotthaus [A.] 1967:26, Figs. 44-46 [Meteor Forschungsergebnisse. Reihe D, Biologie No. 1; ref. 2668] Seychelles, 2°54'S, 58°02'E to 2°46'S, 57°59.5'E, about 450 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMH 4887 [ex IOES 20]. •Valid as Polyipnus meteori Kotthaus 1967 -- (Aizawa 1990:97 [ref. 20451], Wilkens & Dohse 1993:411 [ref. 21161], Harold 1994:479 [ref. 21941], Harold 1999:1902 [ref. 24741], Vourey et al. 2017:574 [ref. 35312], Fricke et al. 2019:61 [ref. 36673]). Current status: Valid as Polyipnus meteori Kotthaus 1967. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East Africa east to Line Islands. Habitat: marine.

micracanthus, Argyropelecus Parr [A. E.] 1937:52, Fig. 21 [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 3 (art. 7); ref. 3376] Tongue of the Ocean, Bahamas, 23°49'N, 76°58'W, 7000 feet wire out. Holotype (unique): YPM 3768. Type catalog: Moore & Boardman 1991:26 [ref. 16741]. •Synonym of Argyropelecus aculeatus Valenciennes 1850 -- (Baird 1973:124 [ref. 7173], Quéro et al. 1990:275 [ref. 14659]). Current status: Synonym of Argyropelecus aculeatus Valenciennes 1850. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Habitat: marine.

mucronatus, Maurolicus Klunzinger [C. B.] 1871:593 [Verhandlungen der K.-K. zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien v. 21; ref. 2622] Al-Qusair, Red Sea Governorate, Egypt, Red Sea. Syntypes: SMNS 1774 (5, probably lost), ZMB 8060 (1). Type catalog: Fricke 1992:11 [ref. 20296], Fricke 2005:60 [ref. 29864]. •Valid as Maurolicus mucronatus Klunzinger 1871 -- (Parin & Kobyliansky 1993:101 [ref. 21208], Parin & Kobyliansky 1996:194 [ref. 22246], Savinykh & Baytalyuk 2010:148 [ref. 31015], Golani & Bogorodsky 2010:61 [ref. 35264], Bogorodsky & Randall 2018:[23] 261 [ref. 36492], Golani & Fricke 2018:33 [ref. 36273], Rees et al. 2020:9 [ref. 37969]). Current status: Valid as Maurolicus mucronatus Klunzinger 1871. Sternoptychidae: Maurolicinae. Distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: Gulf of Aden. Habitat: marine.

muelleri, Salmo Gmelin [J. F.] 1789:1378 [Caroli a Linné ... Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae v. 1 (pt 3); ref. 18139] Söndmör, Norway. No types known. Originally mülleri, change mandatory. Apparently spelled mullaeri by Krøyer 1838 (not researched). •Valid as Maurolicus muelleri (Gmelin 1789) -- (Witzell 1973:119 [ref. 7172], Sheiko 1983:18 [ref. 37041], Badcock in Whitehead et al. 1984:311 [ref. 13675], Dor 1984:45 [ref. 29757], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:47 [ref. 6441], Machida in Okamura & Kitajima 1984:147, 336 [ref. 8057], Nakamura in Nakamura et al. 1986:90 [ref. 14235], Weitzman 1986:254 [ref. 6287], Scott & Scott 1988:166 [ref. 25518], Paxton et al. 1989:192 [ref. 12442], Pequeño 1989:30 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:94 [ref. 24556], McAllister 1990:90 [ref. 14674], Aizawa in Amaoka et al. 1990:115 [ref. 16024], Quéro et al. 1990:278 [ref. 14659], Boschung 1992:68 [ref. 23239] as mulleri, Parin & Kobyliansky 1993:80 [ref. 21208], Boehlert et al. 1994:57 [ref. 21137], Goren & Dor 1994:11 [ref. 25356], Golani 1996:23 [ref. 22271], Parin & Kobyliansky 1996:190 [ref. 22246], Shinohara et al. 1996:161 [ref. 26605], Santos et al. 1997:32 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:33 [ref. 24952], Sokolovskaya et al. 1998:8 [ref. 24670], Fricke 1999:88 [ref. 24106], Porteiro et al. 1999:29 [ref. 24203], Fricke 1999:20 [ref. 24101], Suneetha et al. 2000:1606 [ref. 40923], Shinohara et al. 2001:296 [ref. 25995], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:41 [ref. 26753], Choi et al. 2003:197, 532 [ref. 26218], Duhamel et al. 2005:126 [ref. 32059], Golani 2005:21 [ref. 37112], Fricke et al. 2007:57 [ref. 29533], Kim et al. 2008:1202 [ref. 29709], Møller et al. 2010:29 [ref. 31169], Golani & Bogorodsky 2010:61 [ref. 35264], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:22 [ref. 36649], Lima et al. 2011:46 [ref. 31116], Mecklenburg et al. 2011:119 [ref. 31212], Page et al. 2013:88 [ref. 32708], Parin et al. 2014:146 [ref. 33547], Bañón et al. 2016:308 [ref. 34397], Nión et al. 2016:35 [ref. 35565], Mecklenburg et al. 2018:87 [ref. 36370], Artüz & Fricke 2019:553 [ref. 36612], Carneiro et al. 2019:91 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:92 [ref. 36864], Kovačić et al. 2020:13 [ref. 37519], Rees et al. 2020:9 [ref. 37969], Sutton et al. 2020:74 [ref. 37832], Bañón & Maño 2021:54 [ref. 38883], Golani 2021:22 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:24 [ref. 39014], Love et al. 2021:57 [ref. 39279], Fermon et al. 2022:168 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Maurolicus muelleri (Gmelin 1789). Sternoptychidae: Maurolicinae. Distribution: Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; Atlantic: Arctic region south to Namibia. Habitat: marine.

nexilis, Neophos Myers [G. S.] 1932:61 [Copeia 1932 (no. 2); ref. 5027] Philippines. Holotype (unique): CAS-SU 24798. Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:17 [ref. 12291]. •Valid as Thorophos nexilis (Myers 1932) -- (Harold 1999:1902 [ref. 24741]). Current status: Valid as Thorophos nexilis (Myers 1932). Sternoptychidae: Maurolicinae. Distribution: Philippines. Habitat: marine.

notatus, Polyipnus Harold [A. S.], Kemp [I. M.] & Shore [S. K.] 2016:556, Fig. 2 [Zootaxa 4111 (no. 5); ref. 34450] SW of Taiwan, South China Sea, 22°17'N, 120°21'E, depth (0-) 200 meters, bottom depth 1000-1200 h. Holotype: USNM 361926. Paratypes: ASIZP, CAS. Plus additional non-type material. •Valid as Polyipnus notatus Harold, Kemp & Shore 2016 -- (Vourey et al. 2017:567 [ref. 35312]). Current status: Valid as Polyipnus notatus Harold, Kemp & Shore 2016. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: Off Taiwan, Celebes Sea and Philippines. Habitat: marine.

nuttingi, Polyipnus Gilbert [C. H.] 1905:609, Pl. 73 [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 23 (pt 2) [for 1903]; ref. 1631] Approach to Pailolo Channel, between Molokai Island and Maui Island, Hawaiian Islands, Albatross station 4088, depth 297-306 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 51599. Paratypes: AMNH 3548 (1), FMNH 41782 (6), CAS-SU 8518 (6), USNM 51693 (29). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:17 [ref. 12291], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:68 [ref. 12367]. Böhlke 1953:17 [ref. 12291] considers this species to date to Gilbert in Jordan & Starks 1904:581 [ref. 2526] where stereope was compared to nuttingi, but the comparison probably does not clearly define characters for nuttingi, only in a negative sense, e.g., "The species [stereope] differs from P. nuttingi in being bright silver without dark specks scattered over the silver ground, ..." •Valid as Polyipnus nuttingi Gilbert 1905 -- (Harold 1989:875 [ref. 13508], Harold 1994:513 [ref. 21941], Mundy 2005:170 [ref. 28379], Vourey et al. 2017:574 [ref. 35312]). Current status: Valid as Polyipnus nuttingi Gilbert 1905. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: Hawaiian Islands; record from Zanzibar (western Indian Ocean) needs verification. Habitat: marine.

obscura, Sternoptyx Garman [S.] 1899:232, Pl. 53 (fig. 1) [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 24; ref. 1540] South of Coiba Island, Panama [eastern Pacific], 6°17'N, 82°05'W. Lectotype: USNM 177888. Paralectotypes: MCZ 28531-32 (4), 28534 (12); USNM 120294 [ex MCZ 28534] (1), 177889 (1), 177933 [ex MCZ 28534] (1). Lectotype selected by Schultz 1961:619 [ref. 10156]. •Valid as Sternoptyx obscura Garman 1899 -- (Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:48 [ref. 6441], Baird 1986:258 [ref. 6288], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:291 [ref. 24545], Paulin et al. 1989:96 [ref. 24556], Fricke 1999:88 [ref. 24106], Harold 1999:1902 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:314 [ref. 25086], Randall & Lim in Randall & Lim 2000:590 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2002:314 [ref. 26001], Love et al. 2005:37 [ref. 37547], Shinohara et al. 2005:405 [ref. 28370], Mundy 2005:171 [ref. 28379], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:251 [ref. 28944], Fricke et al. 2011:357 [ref. 31242], Harold et al. 2015:467 [ref. 34249], Kells et al. 2016:348 [ref. 35888], Burton & Lea 2019:42 [ref. 37205], Fricke et al. 2019:61 [ref. 36673], Love et al. 2021:57 [ref. 39279], Grove et al. 2022:16 [ref. 41326], Page et al. 2023:85 [ref. 40505], Rajakrishnan et al. 2023:10 [ref. 40681]). Current status: Valid as Sternoptyx obscura Garman 1899. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and temperate seas, except for North Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

oculatus, Maurolicus Garman [S.] 1899:241, Pl. 53 (fig. 3) [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 24; ref. 1540] Eastern Pacific off California, U.S.A., 35°19'30"N, 125°21'30"W, Albatross station 540, surface to 300 fathoms. depth. Holotype (unique): MCZ 28524. •Valid as Danaphos oculatus (Garman 1899) -- (Peden & Hughes 1986:2 [ref. 9714], Matarese et al. 1989:104 [ref. 26885], Pequeño 1989:31 [ref. 14125], McAllister 1990:90 [ref. 14674], Shinohara et al. 1994:61 [ref. 22800], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:291 [ref. 24545], Love et al. 2005:36 [ref. 37547], Mundy 2005:169 [ref. 28379], Kells et al. 2016:347 [ref. 35888], Burton & Lea 2019:42 [ref. 37205], Fricke et al. 2019:60 [ref. 36673], Love et al. 2021:57 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:85 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Danaphos oculatus (Garman 1899). Sternoptychidae: Maurolicinae. Distribution: Tropical and warm temperate waters of the Pacific (in eastern Pacific from British Columbia/Canada south to Chile; Indian Ocean questionable). Habitat: marine.

olfersii, Sternoptyx Cuvier [G.] 1829:316, Pl. 13 (fig. 2) [Le Règne Animal (Edition 2) v. 2; ref. 995] Atlantic southeast of Cape of Good Hope, South Africa. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000-1889. Type catalog: Bertin 1940:313-314 [ref. 293]. •Valid as Argyropelecus olfersii (Cuvier 1829) [sometimes as olfersi] -- (Baird 1973:125 [ref. 7173], Badcock in Whitehead et al. 1984:310 [ref. 13675], Pequeño 1989:31 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:95 [ref. 24556] as olfersi, Aizawa in Amaoka et al. 1990:114 [ref. 16024], Quéro et al. 1990:277 [ref. 14659], Harold 1993:125 [ref. 20311], Santos et al. 1997:32 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:33 [ref. 24952], Porteiro et al. 1999:29 [ref. 24203], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:250 [ref. 28944], Møller et al. 2010:29 [ref. 31169], Fricke et al. 2011:356 [ref. 31242], Lima et al. 2011:46 [ref. 31116], Psomadakis et al. 2012:16 [ref. 33457], Parin et al. 2014:145 [ref. 33547], Harold et al. 2015:456 [ref. 34249], Bañón et al. 2016:307 [ref. 34397], Mecklenburg et al. 2018:85 [ref. 36370], Carneiro et al. 2019:90 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:73 [ref. 37832] as olfersi, Bañón & Maño 2021:54 [ref. 38883], Fermon et al. 2022:169 [ref. 39448], Grove et al. 2022:16 [ref. 41326]). Current status: Valid as Argyropelecus olfersii (Cuvier 1829). Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: Circumglobal. Habitat: marine.

oluolus, Polyipnus Baird [R. C.] 1971:90, Fig. 67 [Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 142 (no. 1); ref. 7665] Central Pacific, 11°18'24"N, 162°06'24"E, depth 290 meters. Holotype (unique): USNM 204390 [ex BCFH 2562]. •Valid as Polyipnus oluolus Baird 1971 -- (Harold 1989:875 [ref. 13508], Harold 1994:515 [ref. 21941], Harold 1999:1902 [ref. 24741], Vourey et al. 2017:574 [ref. 35312]). Current status: Valid as Polyipnus oluolus Baird 1971. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: Pacific at Marshall Islands. Habitat: marine.

omphus, Polyipnus Baird [R. C.] 1971:94, Fig. 71 [Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 142 (no. 1); ref. 7665] Eastern Indian Ocean, 11°26.8'S, 48°58.2'E, Discovery station 5509, depth 200 meters. Holotype: BMNH 1970.7.30.1. Paratypes: MCZ 46525 (1). •Valid as Polyipnus omphus Baird 1971 -- (Baird 1986:257 [ref. 6288], Harold 1994:501 [ref. 21941], Harold 1999:1902 [ref. 24741], Vourey et al. 2017:574 [ref. 35312], Fricke et al. 2018:66 [ref. 35805]). Current status: Valid as Polyipnus omphus Baird 1971. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean, Madagascar; central Pacific. Habitat: marine.

ovatus, Polyipnus Harold [A. S.] 1994:480, Fig. 25 [Bulletin of Marine Science v. 54 (no. 2); ref. 21941] Pagapas Bay, Luzon Island, Philippines, about 13°N, 121°E, depth 194-209 meters. Holotype (unique): CAS 33347. •Valid as Polyipnus ovatus Harold 1994 -- (Harold 1999:1902 [ref. 24741]). Current status: Valid as Polyipnus ovatus Harold 1994. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: South China Sea (Philippines). Habitat: marine.

pacificus, Argyropelecus Schultz [L. P.] 1961:599, Fig. 4 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 112 (no. 3449); ref. 10156] Mauna Loa lava flow, Kona, Hawaii Island, Hawaiian Islands. Holotype: USNM 164000. Paratypes: SIO S10-54-83A (5), 55-258 (9); CAS-SU 46525 [= CAS-SU 46705] (2), 46533 (1), 46542 [= CAS-SU 46706] (1), 46591 [= CAS-SU 46710] (2), 46617 (1, not found), 46619 (1); USNM 87563 (1), 177930 (1). •Valid as Argyropelecus pacificus Schultz 1961 -- (Pequeño 1989:31 [ref. 14125]). •Synonym of Argyropelecus affinis Garman 1899 -- (Baird 1986:256 [ref. 6288], Quéro et al. 1990:276 [ref. 14659], Harold 1993:124 [ref. 20311], Mundy 2005:168 [ref. 28379]). Current status: Synonym of Argyropelecus affinis Garman 1899. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: North Pacific. Habitat: marine.

parini, Polyipnus Borodulina [O. D.] 1979:202 [4], Fig. 3 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 19 (no. 2) (art. 115); ref. 8735] Zone of the Kuroshio current, off Japan. Holotype: ZIN 43997. Additional material: ZIN 43998 (1). On p. 4 of English translation. •Valid as Polyipnus parini Borodulina 1979 -- (Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:47 [ref. 6441], Harold 1989:875 [ref. 13508], Harold 1994:517 [ref. 21941], Harold 1999:1902 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:316 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:316 [ref. 26001], Shinohara et al. 2005:405 [ref. 28370], Harold et al. 2015:461 [ref. 34249], Vourey et al. 2017:574 [ref. 35312]). Current status: Valid as Polyipnus parini Borodulina 1979. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: Kuroshio current (off Japan), Australia and New Zealand. Habitat: marine.

parvipinnis, Maurolicus Vaillant [L. L.] 1888:17, Pl. 2 (figs. 3-3a) [Mission scientifique du Cap Horn, 1882-83 v. 6 (Zool.) (pt 1) (art. C); ref. 4495] Orange Bay, Strait of Magellan. Syntypes: MNHN 1884-0878 and 0879 (1, 1, poor condition). Type catalog: Bertin 1940:313 [ref. 293]. •Synonym of Maurolicus australis Hector 1875 -- (Rees et al. 2020:9 [ref. 37969] with question). •Valid as Maurolicus parvipinnis Vaillant 1888 -- (Parin & Kobyliansky 1993:87 [ref. 21208], Parin & Kobyliansky 1996:192 [ref. 22246], Pequeño 1997:81 [ref. 23536], Savinykh & Baytalyuk 2010:148 [ref. 31015]). Current status: Valid as Maurolicus parvipinnis Vaillant 1888. Sternoptychidae: Maurolicinae. Distribution: Eastern South Pacific (Chile, Juan Fernandez Islands) and western South Atlantic (Argentina, Falkland [Malvinas] Islands) [if valid]. Habitat: marine.

paucilampa, Sonoda Grey [M.] 1960:465, Fig. 80 [Fieldiana Zoology v. 39 (no. 42); ref. 11918] North of St. Thomas Island, Virgin Islands, 18°37'N, 65°04'W, Oregon station 2606, depth 210 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 196967. Paratypes: FMNH 71599 (1, juvenile). •Valid as Sonoda paucilampa Grey 1960 -- (Claro et al. 2000:21 [ref. 26458], Harold 2003:892 [ref. 27001], Lima et al. 2011:46 [ref. 31116]). Current status: Valid as Sonoda paucilampa Grey 1960. Sternoptychidae: Maurolicinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic, Bahamas and Virgin Islands. Habitat: marine.

paxtoni, Polyipnus Harold [A. S.] 1989:872, Figs. 1-2 [Copeia 1989 (no. 4); ref. 13508] Queensland, Australia, 18°01'S, 147°07'E to 17°59'S, 147°05'E, depth 0-300 meters. Holotype: AMS I.25825-009. Paratypes: AMS I.25816-006 (3), I.25825-010 [ex I.25825-001] (1, c&s), I.25825-002 (orig. 7, now 6). •Valid as Polyipnus paxtoni Harold 1989 -- (Harold 1994:518 [ref. 21941], Harold 1999:1902 [ref. 24741], Paxton et al. 2006:427 [ref. 28995], Vourey et al. 2017:574 [ref. 35312]). Current status: Valid as Polyipnus paxtoni Harold 1989. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: Queensland, Australia. Habitat: marine.

pennanti, Argentina Walbaum [J. J.] 1792:47 [Petri Artedi sueci genera piscium Part 3; ref. 4572] England. No types known. •Synonym of Maurolicus muelleri (Gmelin 1789) -- (Quéro et al. 1990:279 [ref. 14659], Parin & Kobyliansky 1993:80 [ref. 21208], Parin & Kobyliansky 1996:190 [ref. 22246]). Current status: Synonym of Maurolicus muelleri (Gmelin 1789). Sternoptychidae: Maurolicinae. Habitat: marine.

pennantii, Scopelus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1850:436 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 22; ref. 1014] Coasts of Sheppy, England. No types known. •Synonym of Maurolicus muelleri (Gmelin 1789) -- (Lipej & Dulčić 2010:22 [ref. 36649] as pennanti). Current status: Synonym of Maurolicus muelleri (Gmelin 1789). Sternoptychidae: Maurolicinae. Habitat: marine.

pharos, Argyripnus Harold [A. S.] & Lancaster [K.] 2003:884, Fig. 1 [Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington v. 116 (no. 4); ref. 27382] Saleh Bay, South Java, about 8°30'S, 118°00'E. Holotype: BMNH 1986.9.22.41. Paratypes: AMS I.24338-002 (2), BMNH 1986.9.22.42-45 (4). Plus non-type material. •Valid as Argyripnus pharos Harold & Lancaster 2003 -- (Harold & Gomon 2008:229 [ref. 30629], Quéro et al. 2009:39 [ref. 30245], Prokofiev 2017:239 [ref. 35280], Fricke et al. 2018:66 [ref. 35805], Gloerfelt-Tarp & Kailola 2022:65 [ref. 41223]). Current status: Valid as Argyripnus pharos Harold & Lancaster 2003. Sternoptychidae: Maurolicinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East Africa to Madagascar; Indonesia east to Philippines, south to northern Western Australia and Coral Sea. Habitat: marine.

polli, Polyipnus Schultz [L. P.] 1961:635, Fig. 13 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 112 (no. 3449); ref. 10156] Eastern Atlantic, 6°08'S, 11°24'E, depth 350-380 meters. Holotype: MRAC 95092. Paratypes: IRSNB 399 [ex 8671] (1), 400 [ex 8675] (1), 401 [ex 8687] (1); MRAC 95091 (1); USNM 179878 (1). Type catalog: Walschaerts 1987:8-9 [ref. 20755]. •Valid as Polyipnus polli Schultz 1961 -- (Badcock in Whitehead et al. 1984:313 [ref. 13675], Baird 1986:258 [ref. 6288], Quéro et al. 1990:279 [ref. 14659], Aizawa 1990:97 [ref. 20451], Harold 1994:492 [ref. 21941], Porteiro et al. 1999:8 [ref. 24203], Møller et al. 2010:29 [ref. 31169], Lima et al. 2011:46 [ref. 31116], Harold 2016:1795 [ref. 34568], Carneiro et al. 2019:91 [ref. 37250], Sutton et al. 2020:69 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:169 [ref. 39448], Reading & Horton 2023:11 [ref. 41317]). Current status: Valid as Polyipnus polli Schultz 1961. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: North Atlantic: Greenland; eastern Atlantic: Morocco south to Namibia (31°N to 25°S), including Azores and Madeira. Habitat: marine.

pseudobscura, Sternoptyx Baird [R. C.] 1971:72, Fig. 54 [Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 142 (no. 1); ref. 7665] Western Atlantic, 1°20'S, 27°37'W to 1°26'S, 27°33'W. Holotype: MCZ 46400. Paratypes: MCZ 46401 (5). •Valid as Sternoptyx pseudobscura Baird 1971 -- (Baird 1973:123 [ref. 7173], Uyeno & Aizawa in Uyeno et al. 1983:141 [ref. 14275], Badcock in Whitehead et al. 1984:316 [ref. 13675], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:48 [ref. 6441], Baird 1986:259 [ref. 6288], Matarese et al. 1989:103 [ref. 26885], Paxton et al. 1989:193 [ref. 12442], McAllister 1990:90 [ref. 14674], Quéro et al. 1990:281 [ref. 14659], Shinohara et al. 1996:161 [ref. 26605], Santos et al. 1997:33 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:34 [ref. 24952], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:438 [ref. 23897], Fricke 1999:88 [ref. 24106], Harold 1999:1902 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:314 [ref. 25086], Randall & Lim in Randall & Lim 2000:590 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2002:314 [ref. 26001], Harold 2003:892 [ref. 27001], Menezes & Figueiredo in Menezes et al. 2003:45 [ref. 27192], Moore et al. 2003:184 [ref. 27076], Love et al. 2005:37 [ref. 37547], Shinohara et al. 2005:405 [ref. 28370], Mundy 2005:171 [ref. 28379], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:251 [ref. 28944], Paxton et al. 2006:428 [ref. 28995], Costa & Mincarone 2010:312 [ref. 37483], Møller et al. 2010:29 [ref. 31169], Fricke et al. 2011:357 [ref. 31242], Lima et al. 2011:44 [ref. 31116], Harold 2016:1795 [ref. 34568], Brown et al. 2019:158 [ref. 36444], Burton & Lea 2019:99 [ref. 37205], Carneiro et al. 2019:91 [ref. 37250], Fricke et al. 2019:61 [ref. 36673], Reiner 2019:92 [ref. 38139], Eduardo et al. 2020:5 [ref. 37626], Sutton et al. 2020:75 [ref. 37832], Love et al. 2021:57 [ref. 39279], Eduardo et al. 2022:6 [ref. 39574], Fermon et al. 2022:170 [ref. 39448], Villarins et al. 2022:23 [ref. 39442], Page et al. 2023:85 [ref. 40505], Reading & Horton 2023:11 [ref. 41317]). Current status: Valid as Sternoptyx pseudobscura Baird 1971. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and subtropical waters. Habitat: marine.

pseudodiaphana, Sternoptyx Borodulina [O. D.] 1977:938 [791], Fig. 1 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 17 (no. 5) (art. 106); ref. 8736] Off southern Australia, 42°S, 138°28'E, depth 1500-0 meters. Holotype: ZIN 43119. Paratypes: IOM (7). Plus additional material. On p. 791 of English translation. •Valid as Sternoptyx pseudodiaphana Borodulina 1977 -- (Baird 1986:259 [ref. 6288], Paxton et al. 1989:193 [ref. 12442], Pequeño 1989:31 [ref. 14125], Quéro et al. 1990:280 [ref. 14659], Gon 1990:125 [ref. 21680], Harold 1999:1902 [ref. 24741], Hutchins 2001:19 [ref. 25847], Paxton et al. 2006:428 [ref. 28995], Harold & Gomon 2008:234 [ref. 30629], Costa & Mincarone 2010:314 [ref. 37483], Lima et al. 2011:42 [ref. 31116], Harold et al. 2015:468 [ref. 34249], Lins Oliveira et al. 2015:61 [ref. 37485], Harold 2016:1795 [ref. 34568], Eduardo et al. 2020:5 [ref. 37626], Sutton et al. 2020:76 [ref. 37832], Eduardo et al. 2022:6 [ref. 39574], Villarins et al. 2022:24 [ref. 39442]). Current status: Valid as Sternoptyx pseudodiaphana Borodulina 1977. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: Southern circumglobal. Habitat: marine.

rudjakovi, Maurolicus Parin [N. V.] & Kobyliansky [S. G.] 1993:91, Fig. 4B [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova = Transactions of the P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology v. 128; ref. 21208] Pacific, Nazca Ridge, 22°07'S, 81°18'W, depth 240-0 meters. Holotype: ZIN 50113. Paratypes: ZMMU P-18779 (1), USNM 321403 (52), ZIN 50114 (15). Plus additional material. Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:40 [ref. 25714]. •Valid as Maurolicus rudjakovi Parin & Kobyliansky 1993 -- (Parin & Kobyliansky 1996:192 [ref. 22246], Pequeño 1997:81 [ref. 23536], Savinykh & Baytalyuk 2010:148 [ref. 31015]). Current status: Valid as Maurolicus rudjakovi Parin & Kobyliansky 1993. Sternoptychidae: Maurolicinae. Distribution: Eastern South Pacific: Nazca and Sala y Gomez ridges. Habitat: marine.

ruggeri, Polyipnus Baird [R. C.] 1971:102, Fig. 78 [Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 142 (no. 1); ref. 7665] Off New Zealand, 31°57'S, 177°38'E. Holotype: NMNZ P.4670. Paratypes: whereabouts unknown. Type catalog: Hardy 1990:8 [ref. 18942]. •Valid as Polyipnus ruggeri Baird 1971 -- (Paxton et al. 1989:192 [ref. 12442], Paulin et al. 1989:96 [ref. 24556], Aizawa 1990:97 [ref. 20451], Harold 1994:482 [ref. 21941], Harold 1999:1902 [ref. 24741], Paxton et al. 2006:427 [ref. 28995], Harold & Gomon 2008:232 [ref. 30629], Harold et al. 2015:462 [ref. 34249]). Current status: Valid as Polyipnus ruggeri Baird 1971. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: Australia, Tasman Sea and New Zealand. Habitat: marine.

scharpfi, Argyripnus Prokofiev [A. M.] 2023:823, Fig. [Journal of Ichthyology v. 63 (no. 4); ref. 40378] Bonin Ridge, northwestern Pacific. Holotype (unique). •Valid as Argyripnus scharpfi Prokofiev 2023. Current status: Valid as Argyripnus scharpfi Prokofiev 2023. Sternoptychidae: Maurolicinae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific: Bonin Ridge. Habitat: marine.

sladeni, Argyropelecus Regan [C. T.] 1908:218 [The Transactions of the Linnean Society of London. Second Series. Zoology v. 12 (pt 3); ref. 3634] Salomon Atoll, Chagos Archipelago, Indian Ocean [ca. 5°22'S 72°16'E], depth 400-500 fathoms. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1908.3.23.5. •Valid as Argyropelecus sladeni Regan 1908 -- (Uyeno & Aizawa in Uyeno et al. 1983:139 [ref. 14275], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:48 [ref. 6441], Baird 1986:257 [ref. 6288], Matarese et al. 1989:100 [ref. 26885], Paxton et al. 1989:191 [ref. 12442], Pequeño 1989:31 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:95 [ref. 24556], McAllister 1990:90 [ref. 14674], Quéro et al. 1990:278 [ref. 14659], Harold 1993:125 [ref. 20311], Shinohara et al. 1994:60 [ref. 22800], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:290 [ref. 24545], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:433 [ref. 23897], Harold 1999:1901 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:315 [ref. 25086], Randall & Lim in Randall & Lim 2000:590 [ref. 25122], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:21 [ref. 25650], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:221 [ref. 25968], Hutchins 2001:19 [ref. 25847], Nakabo 2002:315 [ref. 26001], Harold 2003:892 [ref. 27001], Menezes & Figueiredo in Menezes et al. 2003:45 [ref. 27192], Moore et al. 2003:184 [ref. 27076], Love et al. 2005:36 [ref. 37547], Mundy 2005:169 [ref. 28379], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:250 [ref. 28944], Paxton et al. 2006:425 [ref. 28995], Fricke et al. 2011:357 [ref. 31242], Lima et al. 2011:40 [ref. 31116], Parin et al. 2014:145 [ref. 33547], Harold et al. 2015:457 [ref. 34249], Pietsch & Orr 2015:23 [ref. 34694], Harold 2016:1795 [ref. 34568], Kells et al. 2016:104 [ref. 35888], Burton & Lea 2019:42 [ref. 37205], Carneiro et al. 2019:90 [ref. 37250], Fricke et al. 2019:60 [ref. 36673], Reiner 2019:91 [ref. 38139], Eduardo et al. 2020:5 [ref. 37626], Sutton et al. 2020:74 [ref. 37832], Love et al. 2021:56 [ref. 39279], Eduardo et al. 2022:6 [ref. 39574], Fermon et al. 2022:169 [ref. 39448], Grove et al. 2022:16 [ref. 41326], Villarins et al. 2022:21 [ref. 39442], Page et al. 2023:85 [ref. 40505], Rajakrishnan et al. 2023:9 [ref. 40681], Reading & Horton 2023:11 [ref. 41317]). Current status: Valid as Argyropelecus sladeni Regan 1908. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and temperate seas. Habitat: marine.

soelae, Polyipnus Harold [A. S.] 1994:520, Fig. 55 [Bulletin of Marine Science v. 54 (no. 2); ref. 21941] 17°59'N, 118°17'E, depth 404-420 meters. Holotype: AMS I.22808-028. Paratypes: AMS I.22808-067 (27), I.22808-068 (2), I.22817-014 (27), I.22817-040 (3); IOM uncat. (15). •Valid as Polyipnus soelae Harold 1994 -- (Harold 1999:1902 [ref. 24741], Paxton et al. 2006:427 [ref. 28995], Larson et al. 2013:44 [ref. 32988], Vourey et al. 2017:574 [ref. 35312], Gloerfelt-Tarp & Kailola 2022:65 [ref. 41223]). Current status: Valid as Polyipnus soelae Harold 1994. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean, western Pacific. Habitat: marine.

spinifer, Polyipnus Borodulina [O. D.] 1979:203 [6], Fig. 4 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 19 (no. 2) (art. 115); ref. 8735] Pacific, 35°41'N, 128°05'E, depth 499 meters. Holotype: ZIN 43996. Paratypes: IOM uncat. (9), ZIN 43995 (4). On p. 6 of English translation. •Valid as Polyipnus spinifer Borodulina 1979 -- (Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:47 [ref. 6441], Harold 1989:875 [ref. 13508], Harold 1994:522 [ref. 21941], Harold 1999:1902 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:316 [ref. 25086], Shinohara et al. 2001:297 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:316 [ref. 26001], Shinohara et al. 2005:405 [ref. 28370], Vourey et al. 2017:574 [ref. 35312]). Current status: Valid as Polyipnus spinifer Borodulina 1979. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: Western Pacific from Japanese Archipelago to South China Sea and Sulu Sea. Habitat: marine.

spinosus, Polyipnus Günther [A.] 1887:170, Pl. 51 (fig. B) [Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger v. 22 (pt 57); ref. 2013] Between Philippines and Borneo, Challenger station 200, depth 250 fathoms. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1887.12.7.159. •Valid as Polyipnus spinosus Günther 1887 -- (Paxton et al. 1989:192 [ref. 12442], Harold 1989:875 [ref. 13508], Harold 1994:524 [ref. 21941], Harold et al. 1998:942 [ref. 23600], Harold 1999:1902 [ref. 24741], Randall & Lim in Randall & Lim 2000:590 [ref. 25122], Hutchins 2001:19 [ref. 25847], Paxton et al. 2006:427 [ref. 28995], Vourey et al. 2017:574 [ref. 35312]). Current status: Valid as Polyipnus spinosus Günther 1887. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific. Habitat: marine.

stehmanni, Maurolicus Parin [N. V.] & Kobyliansky [S. G.] 1993:85, Fig. 4A [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova = Transactions of the P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology v. 128; ref. 21208] Western South Atlantic, 37°23'S, 54°52'W, depth 160-0 meters. Holotype: ISH 1006-1966. Paratypes: ISH 1006-1966 (1 + 9); USNM 321402 (5), ZIN 50108-09 (1, 1). Plus ISH 1542-1966 (1). •Synonym of Maurolicus weitzmani Parin & Kobyliansky 1993 -- (Rees et al. 2020:9 [ref. 37969] with question). •Valid as Maurolicus stehmanni Parin & Kobyliansky 1993 -- (Parin & Kobyliansky 1996:192 [ref. 22246], Menezes & Figueiredo in Menezes et al. 2003:45 [ref. 27192], Savinykh & Baytalyuk 2010:148 [ref. 31015], Lima et al. 2011:38 [ref. 31116], Pinheiro et al. 2015:7 [ref. 34324], Belleggia et al. 2018:11 [ref. 35875], Spier et al. 2018:7 [ref. 36103]). Current status: Valid as Maurolicus stehmanni Parin & Kobyliansky 1993. Sternoptychidae: Maurolicinae. Distribution: Southwestern Atlantic: Brazil to northern Argentina [if valid]. Habitat: marine.

stellatus, Valenciennellus Garman [S.] 1899:239, Pl. 53 (fig. 2) [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 24; ref. 1540] Off California, 30°31'35"N, 140°05'30"W, Albatross station 163, depth 300 fathoms. Holotype (unique): MCZ 28525. •Synonym of Valenciennellus tripunctulatus (Esmark 1871) -- (Witzell 1973:121 [ref. 7172], Quéro et al. 1990:281 [ref. 14659]). Current status: Synonym of Valenciennellus tripunctulatus (Esmark 1871). Sternoptychidae: Maurolicinae. Habitat: marine.

stereope, Polyipnus Jordan [D. S.] & Starks [E. C.] 1904:581, Pl. 2 (fig. 3) [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 22 [1902]; ref. 2526] Off Manazuru, Sagami Bay, Japan, Albatross sta. 3698, depth 153 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 51451. Paratypes: CAS-SU 8392 (1), USNM 177895 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:17 [ref. 12291]. Types: Shinohara & Williams 2006:550 [ref. 31656] •Valid as Polyipnus stereope Jordan & Starks 1904 -- (Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:47 [ref. 6441], Harold 1989:875 [ref. 13508], Paulin et al. 1989:96 [ref. 24556], Harold 1994:526 [ref. 21941], Nakabo 2000:316 [ref. 25086], Shinohara et al. 2001:297 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:316 [ref. 26001], Shinohara et al. 2005:405 [ref. 28370], Harold et al. 2015:463 [ref. 34249], Motomura et al. 2015:14 [ref. 34709], Vourey et al. 2017:574 [ref. 35312], Fricke et al. 2019:61 [ref. 36673]). Current status: Valid as Polyipnus stereope Jordan & Starks 1904. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Japan; New Ireland (Papua New Guinea); New Zealand. Habitat: marine.

surugaensis, Polyipnus Aizawa [M.] 1990:95, Fig. 1, 2A [Japanese Journal of Ichthyology v. 37 (no. 2); ref. 20451] Off Yui, 35°05'N, 138°40'E, Suruga Bay, Japan. Holotype (unique): NSMT-P 21480. •Valid as Polyipnus surugaensis Aizawa 1990 -- (Harold 1994:494 [ref. 21941], Harold 1999:1902 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:317 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:317 [ref. 26001]). Current status: Valid as Polyipnus surugaensis Aizawa 1990. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: Suruga Bay, Japan. Habitat: marine.

tridentifer, Polyipnus McCulloch [A. R.] 1914:87, Fig. 4; Pl. 16 [Biological Results Endeavour v. 2 (pt 3); ref. 2940] Great Australian Bight, southern Australia, depth 640-825 meters. Holotype: AMS. Paratypes: AMS E.3542 (1), I.12842 (30, destroyed in 1956), I.32134-001 [ex E.3543] (29), I.32134-002 [ex E.3542] (3); BMNH 1929.10.23.4-5 (2), TMH D151/13032 [ex D37] (5); USNM 179851 (2). Type catalog: Andrews 1971:1 [ref. 31471], Andrews 1992:109 [ref. 22689]. Lectotype selected by Schultz 1961:646 [ref. 10156] as AMS E.3543, although a holotype already existed (see Imamura & Hoese 2023:[7] [ref. 40531]); identity of holotype uncertain. •Valid as Polyipnus tridentifer McCulloch 1914 -- (Machida in Okamura & Kitajima 1984:149, 336 [ref. 8057], Paxton et al. 1989:192 [ref. 12442], Harold 1989:875 [ref. 13508], Paulin et al. 1989:96 [ref. 24556], Gomon et al. 1994:251 [ref. 22532], Harold 1994:528 [ref. 21941], Harold 1999:1902 [ref. 24741], Randall & Lim in Randall & Lim 2000:590 [ref. 25122], Hutchins 2001:19 [ref. 25847], Paxton et al. 2006:427 [ref. 28995], Harold & Gomon 2008:233 [ref. 30629], Harold et al. 2015:464 [ref. 34249], Vourey et al. 2017:574 [ref. 35312], Imamura & Hoese 2023:[4] [ref. 40531]). Current status: Valid as Polyipnus tridentifer McCulloch 1914. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: Southeastern Indian Ocean, southwestern Pacific: Australia and New Zealand. Habitat: marine.

triphanos, Polyipnus Schultz [L. P.] 1938:140, Fig. 45 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 86 (no. 3047); ref. 10126] Near Philippines, 13°35'30"N, 121°48'E, Albatross station 5368, depth 181 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 103027. Paratypes: USNM 103028 (2). •Valid as Polyipnus triphanos Schultz 1938 -- (Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:47 [ref. 6441], Aizawa 1990:97 [ref. 20451], Harold 1994:495 [ref. 21941], Harold 1999:1902 [ref. 24741], Paxton et al. 2006:427 [ref. 28995], Larson et al. 2013:45 [ref. 32988], Harold et al. 2016:564 [ref. 34450], Gloerfelt-Tarp & Kailola 2022:65 [ref. 41223]). Current status: Valid as Polyipnus triphanos Schultz 1938. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean, western Pacific: Indonesia north to South China Sea, south to eastern Australia. Habitat: marine.

tripunctulatus, Maurolicus Esmark [L.] 1871:489 [Forhandlinger i Videnskabs-selskabet i Christiania (for 1870); ref. 17462] Madagascar. Holotype (unique): ZMUO J672. Type catalog: Pethon 1969:4 [ref. 19268]. Holotype figured in Lütken 1892: Pl. 1 (fig. 6) [ref. 2858]. •Valid as Valenciennellus tripunctulatus (Esmark 1871) -- (Witzell 1973:121 [ref. 7172], Badcock in Whitehead et al. 1984:317 [ref. 13675], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:46 [ref. 6441], Weitzman 1986:254 [ref. 6287], Scott & Scott 1988:167 [ref. 25518], Paxton et al. 1989:193 [ref. 12442], McAllister 1990:91 [ref. 14674], Quéro et al. 1990:281 [ref. 14659], Santos et al. 1997:33 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:34 [ref. 24952], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:439 [ref. 23897], Fricke 1999:88 [ref. 24106], Porteiro et al. 1999:29 [ref. 24203], Harold 1999:1902 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:312 [ref. 25086], Randall & Lim in Randall & Lim 2000:590 [ref. 25122], Dulĉić 2001:287 [ref. 25709], Nakabo 2002:312 [ref. 26001], Harold 2003:892 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:184 [ref. 27076], Menezes & Figueiredo in Menezes et al. 2003:45 [ref. 27192] with Jordan & Evermann as authors, Shinohara et al. 2005:405 [ref. 28370], Mundy 2005:171 [ref. 28379], Fricke et al. 2009:24 [ref. 30213], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:22 [ref. 36649], Fricke et al. 2011:357 [ref. 31242], Lima et al. 2011:45 [ref. 31116], Bañón et al. 2016:308 [ref. 34397], Harold 2016:1795 [ref. 34568], Fricke et al. 2018:66 [ref. 35805], Carneiro et al. 2019:91 [ref. 37250], Reiner 2019:92 [ref. 38139], Kovačić et al. 2020:14 [ref. 37519], Sutton et al. 2020:70 [ref. 37832], Bañón & Maño 2021:54 [ref. 38883], Kovačić et al. 2021:24 [ref. 39014], Love et al. 2021:57 [ref. 39279], Eduardo et al. 2022:6 [ref. 39574], Fermon et al. 2022:169 [ref. 39448], Villarins et al. 2022:17 [ref. 39442], Page et al. 2023:85 [ref. 40505], Reading & Horton 2023:11 [ref. 41317], Bacchiani et al. 2024:4 [ref. 41635]). Current status: Valid as Valenciennellus tripunctulatus (Esmark 1871). Sternoptychidae: Maurolicinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and temperate seas (including Mediterranean Sea). Habitat: marine.

unispinus, Polyipnus Schultz [L. P.] 1938:137, Fig. 43 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 86 (no. 3047); ref. 10126] Philippines, 13°22'22"N, 124°00'48"E, Albatross station 5451, depth 380 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 103153 [or 103353]. Paratypes: USNM 103029 (5). •Valid as Polyipnus unispinus Schultz 1938 -- (Paulin et al. 1989:96 [ref. 24556], Harold 1994:502 [ref. 21941], Harold 1999:1902 [ref. 24741], Harold et al. 2015:465 [ref. 34249], Fricke et al. 2019:61 [ref. 36673]). Current status: Valid as Polyipnus unispinus Schultz 1938. Sternoptychidae: Sternoptychinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Indonesia east to Solomon Islands, south to northern New Zealand. Habitat: marine.

walvisensis, Maurolicus Parin [N. V.] & Kobyliansky [S. G.] 1993:90 [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova = Transactions of the P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology v. 128; ref. 21208] Southeastern Atlantic, 25°05'S, 13°59'E, depth 50-0 meters. Holotype: ZIN 50111. Paratypes: IOAN 6/N (10), USNM 321405 (5), ZIN 50112 (17), ZMMU P-18778 (18). Plus additional matrial. Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:40 [ref. 25714]. •Possibly the same as Maurolicus japonicus Ishikara 1915 -- (Kim et al. 2008:1212 [ref. 29709]). •Synonym of Maurolicus australis Hector 1875 -- (Rees et al. 2020:9 [ref. 37969] with question). •Valid as Maurolicus walvisensis Parin & Kobyliansky 1993 -- (Parin & Kobyliansky 1996:192 [ref. 22246], Suneetha et al. 2000:1606 [ref. 40923], Savinykh & Baytalyuk 2010:148 [ref. 31015], Lima et al. 2011:46 [ref. 31116], Harold 2016:1795 [ref. 34568], Sutton et al. 2020:75 [ref. 37832]). Current status: Valid as Maurolicus walvisensis Parin & Kobyliansky 1993. Sternoptychidae: Maurolicinae. Distribution: Southeastern Atlantic: 20°S-35°S; southwestern Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine.

weitzmani, Maurolicus Parin [N. V.] & Kobyliansky [S. G.] 1993:95, Fig. 5A [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova = Transactions of the P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology v. 128; ref. 21208] North Atlantic, 34°23'N, 75°37'W, depth 100-0 meters. Holotype: MCZ 64761. Paratypes: MCZ 41630 (4), 64755 (14), 64760 (1); USNM 317841 [not 17841] (6). Plus additionl material. •Valid as Maurolicus weitzmani Parin & Kobyliansky 1993 -- (Parin & Kobyliansky 1996:193 [ref. 22246], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:434 [ref. 23897], Harold et al. in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:187 [ref. 26158], Harold 2003:892 [ref. 27001], Moore et al. 2003:184 [ref. 27076], Nelson et al. 2004:87 [ref. 27807], Savinykh & Baytalyuk 2010:148 [ref. 31015], Lima et al. 2011:45 [ref. 31116], Page et al. 2013:88 [ref. 32708], Harold 2016:1795 [ref. 34568], Rees et al. 2020:9 [ref. 37969], Sutton et al. 2020:74 [ref. 37832], Fermon et al. 2022:168 [ref. 39448], Page et al. 2023:85 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Maurolicus weitzmani Parin & Kobyliansky 1993. Sternoptychidae: Maurolicinae. Distribution: Northwestern Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico; eastern Atlantic: Senegal south to Democratic Republic of Congo Habitat: marine.