Please look in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes for authorships of sections, Families of Fishes (all), and related information.

Species in the family or subfamily Trachichthyidae: [ 66 ] records

abramovi, Hoplostethus Kotlyar [A. N.] 1986:128, Fig. 15 [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 121; ref. 6004] Western Indian Ocean, 10°58'S, 50°38'E, depth 300 meters. Holotype: ZMMU P-16479 (190 mm). Paratypes: ZMMU P-16479 (1, lost?). Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:74 [ref. 25714]. •Valid as Hoplostethus abramovi Kotlyar 1986 -- (Kotlyar 1993:192 [ref. 21209], Kotlyar 1996:153 [ref. 23292], Moore & Dodd 2010:143 [ref. 30876]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus abramovi Kotlyar 1986. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: North of Madagascar and off the Transkei, western Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine.

agastos, Optivus Gomon [M. F.] 2004:174, Fig. 1A [Records of the Australian Museum v. 56 (no. 2); ref. 27786] Wilsons Promontory, Cape Wellington, Victoria, Australia, 39°04.1'S, 146°28.6'E. Holotype: NMV A24972-001. Paratypes:AMS I.30408-007 (1), I.31476-005 (2); CSIRO H 3509-01 (1), H 3989-02 (1), T 1922 (1); NMV A2582 (1), A2737 (1), A3207 (1), A24972-002 (5); QM I.29739-007 (1), I.32705 (1); WAM P.25739-007 (1), P.28843-001 (1). Plus non-type material. Type catalog: Moore et al. 2008:16 [ref. 30117]. •Valid as Optivus agastos Gomon 2004 -- (Paxton et al. 2006:770 [ref. 29074], Gomon 2008:426 [ref. 30616], Fricke et al. 2011:372 [ref. 31242]). Current status: Valid as Optivus agastos Gomon 2004. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Australia (Queensland to Victoria), northern Lord Howe Rise (New Caledonia) and Lord Howe Island. Habitat: marine.

agrammus, Optivus Gomon [M. F.] 2004:176, Fig. 1B [Records of the Australian Museum v. 56 (no. 2); ref. 27786] Central Australian Bight, South Australia, 31°50'S, 130°45'E, depth 54 meters. Holotype: CSIRO H 5316-08. Paratypes: CSIRO CA 3459-60 (1, 1), H 5316-09 (3); NMV A24987-001 (1); SAMA A478 (1), A744 (2), A776 (1), A1664 (1); WAM P.15263 (1), P.26608-018 (1). Type catalog: Moore et al. 2008:16 [ref. 30117]. •Valid as Optivus agrammus Gomon 2004 -- (Paxton et al. 2006:770 [ref. 29074], Gomon 2008:427 [ref. 30616]). Current status: Valid as Optivus agrammus Gomon 2004. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Australia: South Australia and Western Australia. Habitat: marine.

ananassa, Sorosichthys Whitley [G. P.] 1945:22, Fig. 12 [Australian Zoologist v. 11 (pt 1); ref. 4707] Between Bald Island and Haul Off Rock, 50 miles east of Albany, Western Australia. Holotype (unique): WAM P.734-001. Type catalog: Hutchins & Smith 1991:15 [ref. 19335], Moore et al. 2008:16 [ref. 30117]. •Valid as Sorosichthys ananassa Whitley 1945 -- (Paxton et al. 1989:367 [ref. 12442], Kotlyar 1992:29 [ref. 26703], Gomon et al. 1994:409 [ref. 22532], Kotlyar 1996:197 [ref. 23292], Hutchins 2001:25 [ref. 25847], Paxton et al. 2006:771 [ref. 29074], Gomon 2008:429 [ref. 30616]). Current status: Valid as Sorosichthys ananassa Whitley 1945. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Australia: Western Australia. Habitat: marine.

argyrophanus, Paratrachichthys Woods [L. P.] 1961:525, Figs. 99-100 [Fieldiana Zoology v. 39 (no. 45); ref. 17841] Off Amazon River mouth, Oregon station 2080, 2°04'N, 47°00'W, depth 125 fathoms. Holotype: MCZ 40521. Paratypes: FMNH 65600 (1, 1 c&s), 65601-02 (2, 1); MCZ 40513 (18), 40685 (1). Type catalog: Ibarra & Stewart 1987:64 [ref. 12367]. •Valid as Paratrachichthys argyrophanus Woods 1961 -- (Kotlyar 1996:192 [ref. 23292], Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:69 [ref. 27192]). •Valid as Aulotrachichthys argyrophanus (Woods 1961) -- (Moore 2003:1187 [ref. 27002], Klautau et al. 2020:8 [ref. 37903], Pimentel et al. 2020:6 [ref. 38051], Eduardo et al. 2022:9 [ref. 39574], Matsunuma et al. 2023:[15] [ref. 40199]). Current status: Valid as Aulotrachichthys argyrophanus (Woods 1961). Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: offshore continental shelf north of Amazon River mouth; Fernando de Noronha Archipelago (Brazil). Young specimens have been taken to the east from continental shelf at 500-1000 miles. Habitat: marine.

atlanticus, Hoplostethus Collett [R.] 1889:306 [6], Pl. 3 (fig. 12) [Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France v. 14 (no. 6); ref. 18022] Florès, Azores, northeastern Atlantic, station 203, depth 1557 meters. Holotype (unique): MOM 0091-0101. Type catalog: Belloc 1949:12 [ref. 21544]. On p. 6 of separate. •Valid as Hoplostethus atlanticus Collett 1889 -- (Nielsen 1973:340 [ref. 6885], Ehrich 1983:134 [ref. 37253], Kotlyar 1986:130 [ref. 6004], Heemstra 1986:411 [ref. 5660], Maul in Whitehead et al. 1986:750 [ref. 13676], Nakamura in Nakamura et al. 1986:164 [ref. 14235], Paxton et al. 1989:366 [ref. 12442], Pequeño 1989:53 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:152 [ref. 24556], Shcherbachev et al. 1989:165 [ref. 36134], Maul 1990:620 [ref. 17237], Shimizu in Amaoka et al. 1990:203 [ref. 16024], Kotlyar 1993:193 [ref. 21209], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:149 [ref. 25472], Gomon et al. 1994:402 [ref. 22532], Amaoka in Okamura et al. 1995:145 [ref. 22531], Kotlyar 1996:155 [ref. 23292], Santos et al. 1997:71 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:75 [ref. 24952], Hutchins 2001:25 [ref. 25847], Moore 2003:1187 [ref. 27002], Moore et al. 2003:220 [ref. 27076], Paxton et al. 2006:769 [ref. 29074], Gomon 2008:423 [ref. 30616], Moore & Dodd 2010:137 [ref. 30876], Møller et al. 2010:50 [ref. 31169], Fricke et al. 2011:372 [ref. 31242], Duffy & Ahyong 2015:111 [ref. 36167], Fricke et al. 2015:5 [ref. 33920], Roberts & Gomon 2015:1013 [ref. 34279], Afonso et al. 2016:39, 171 [ref. 36199], Bañón et al. 2016:319 [ref. 34397], Moore 2016:2190 [ref. 34570], Martins & Carneiro 2018:49 [ref. 36550], Carneiro et al. 2019:154 [ref. 37250], Bañón & Maño 2021:64 [ref. 38883], Fermon et al. 2022:204 [ref. 39448], Page et al. 2023:106 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus atlanticus Collett 1889. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and temperate oceans; in eastern Pacific only off Chile. Habitat: marine.

atlanticus, Paratrachichthys Menezes [N. A.] 1971:143, Fig. 1 [Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia, Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo v. 27 (no. 17); ref. 21984] Rio Grande do Sul, 31°14'S, 49°38'W, depth 152-159 meters. Holotype: MZUSP 8898. Paratypes: MZUSP 8887 (1), 8888-93 (6), 8894-8904 (6), 8905-09 (6), 8910 (1). •Valid as Paratrachichthys atlanticus Menezes 1971 -- (Kotlyar 1996:194 [ref. 23292], Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:69 [ref. 27192]). •Valid as Aulotrachichthys atlanticus (Menezes 1971) -- (Nión et al. 2016:43 [ref. 35565], Matsunuma et al. 2023:[1] [ref. 40199], Koerber 2023:43 [ref. 40486]). Current status: Valid as Aulotrachichthys atlanticus (Menezes 1971). Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Southwestern Atlantic: Brazil. Records from uruguay and Argentina are erroneous (Koerber 2023:43 [ref. 40486]). Habitat: marine.

australis, Trachichthys Shaw [G.] in Shaw & Nodder 1799:no page number, Pl. 378 [The Naturalist's Miscellany; ref. 4013] Port Jackson, New South Wales, Australia. Holotype (unique): BMNH missing. •Valid as Trachichthys australis Shaw 1799 -- (Paxton et al. 1989:367 [ref. 12442], Kuiter 1993:73 [ref. 23929], Gomon et al. 1994:410 [ref. 22532], Kotlyar 1996:177 [ref. 23292], Kuiter 1997:58 [ref. 25488], Moore & Paxton 1999:2217 [ref. 24787], Johnson 1999:725 [ref. 25471], Hutchins 2001:25 [ref. 25847], Paxton et al. 2006:771 [ref. 29074], Gomon 2008:430 [ref. 30616], Hoschke et al. 2019:154 [ref. 36626]). Current status: Valid as Trachichthys australis Shaw 1799. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Southeastern Indian Ocean, southwestern Pacific: New South Wales to southern Australia and to Western Australia. Habitat: marine.

cadenati, Hoplostethus Quéro [J.-C.] 1974:103, Fig. [Revue des Travaux de l'Institut des Pêches Maritimes v. 38 (no. 1); ref. 7533] Off Cape Blanc [Blanco], Mauritania, 21°25'N, 17°46'E, depth 703-704 meters. Holotype: MNHN 1974-0091. Paratypes: (12) BMNH 1975.1.21.1 (1); CAS 31782 (1); ISH 1-1975 (1); MNHLR 804 (1); MNHN 1975-0075 to 0078 (1, 1, 1, 1); SMF 13713 (1); USNM 213804 (1); ZMB 23420 (1); ZMUC P4084 (1). Additional material: MNHN (92). Type catalog: Krefft 1978:16 [ref. 9884]. •Valid as Hoplostethus cadenati Quéro 1974 -- (Kotlyar 1986:133 [ref. 6004], Heemstra 1986:411 [ref. 5660], Maul 1990:621 [ref. 17237], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:149 [ref. 25472], Du Buit & Quéro 1993:81 [ref. 22336], Kotlyar 1995:703 [ref. 22580], Kotlyar 1996:163 [ref. 23292], Bañón et al. 2016:319 [ref. 34397], Moore 2016:2191 [ref. 34570], Martins & Carneiro 2018:50 [ref. 36550], Carneiro et al. 2019:155 [ref. 37250], Reiner 2019:142 [ref. 38139], Bañón & Maño 2021:64 [ref. 38883], Fermon et al. 2022:204 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus cadenati Quéro 1974. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Eastern Atlantic: Bretagne (France) south to 10°10'N and from 1°26'S to 26°14'S, including Madeira, Cape Verde Islands, and São Tomé and Principe; southwestern Indian Ocean: off Transkei, South Africa. Habitat: marine.

carinatus, Amphiprion Schneider [J. G.] in Bloch & Schneider 1801:551 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] Port Jackson, New South Wales, Australia [as Australian shores]. No types known (based on a figure). •Synonym of Trachichthys australis Shaw 1799 -- (Paxton et al. 1989:367 [ref. 12442], Kotlyar 1996:177 [ref. 23292], Paxton et al. 2006:772 [ref. 29074]). Current status: Synonym of Trachichthys australis Shaw 1799. Trachichthyidae. Habitat: marine.

confinis, Hoplostethus Kotlyar [A. N.] 1980:210, Figs. 23-24 [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 110; ref. 8322] Andaman Sea, 8°44'N, 97°20'E, depth 290-330 meters. Holotype: ZMMU P-11998 (123 mm). Paratypes: ZMMU 11998 (1). Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:74 [ref. 25714]. •Valid as Hoplostethus confinis Kotlyar 1980 -- (Kotlyar 1986:125 [ref. 6004], Kotlyar 1996:148 [ref. 23292], Roberts & Gomon 2012:341 [ref. 32372], Kimura et al. 2019:3 [ref. 37790]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus confinis Kotlyar 1980. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Northeastern Indian Ocean: Andaman Sea. Habitat: marine.

crassispinus, Hoplostethus Kotlyar [A. N.] 1980:1055, Fig. 1 [Zoologicheskii Zhurnal v. 59 (no. 7) (for July 1980); ref. 8705] Northeastern Pacific, Emperor Seamount Chain [northern Hawaiian Ridge]. Holotype: ZIN 45096. Paratypes: ZIN 45097 (1), 45098 (1); ZMMU P-15176 (1). Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:74-75 [ref. 25714]. •Valid as Hoplostethus crassispinus Kotlyar 1980 -- (Yamakawa in Okamura et al. 1982:207, 366 [ref. 8256], Yamakawa in Masuda et al. 1984:109 [ref. 6441], Yamakawa in Okamura et al. 1985:439, 653 [ref. 8056], Kotlyar 1986:127 [ref. 6004], Kotlyar 1996:152 [ref. 23292], Konishi 1999:58 [ref. 24259], Moore & Paxton 1999:2217 [ref. 24787], Nakabo 2000:501 [ref. 25086], Paxton & Moore in Randall & Lim 2000:601 [ref. 25122], Shinohara et al. 2001:311 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:501 [ref. 26001], Mundy & Parrish 2004:412 [ref. 27877], Shinohara et al. 2005:422 [ref. 28370], Mundy 2005:305 [ref. 28379], Moore & Dodd 2010:138 [ref. 30876], Kotlyar 2011:484 [ref. 32455], Roberts & Gomon 2012:341 [ref. 32372], Kim et al. 2021:100 [ref. 39117], Su et al. 2023:96 [ref. 40400]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus crassispinus Kotlyar 1980. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: North Pacific Ocean: Kyushu-Palau Ridge, northern Hawaiian Ridge, probably in the South China Sea. IUCN (2020): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.

darwinii, Trachichthys Johnson [J. Y.] 1866:311, Pl. 32 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1866 (pt 2) (art. 3) (for 22 May 1866); ref. 14055] Madeira. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1866.6.1.2. •Valid as Gephyroberyx darwinii (Johnson 1866) -- (Daiber 1954:253 [ref. 39450] as darwini, Nielsen 1973:340 [ref. 6885], Maul in Whitehead et al. 1986:749 [ref. 13676], Heemstra 1986:410 [ref. 5660], Paxton et al. 1989:366 [ref. 12442], Maul 1990:620 [ref. 17237], Cervigón 1991:241 [ref. 24472], Boschung 1992:91 [ref. 23239], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:149 [ref. 25472], Kotlyar 1993:192 [ref. 21209], van Guelpen 1993:807 [ref. 36596], Gomon et al. 1994:400 [ref. 22532], Kotlyar 1996:122 [ref. 23292], Adam et al. 1998:11 [ref. 23610], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:1005 [ref. 23897], Konishi 1999:62 [ref. 24259] as darwini, Moore & Paxton 1999:2217 [ref. 24787] as darwini, Paxton & Moore in Randall & Lim 2000:601 [ref. 25122] as darwini, Hutchins 2001:25 [ref. 25847], Moore in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:303 [ref. 26158] as darwini, Moore 2003:1187 [ref. 27002], Moore et al. 2003:220 [ref. 27076] as darwini, Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S100 [ref. 27377] as darwini, Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:69 [ref. 27192] as darwini, Bunkley-Williams & Williams 2004:102 [ref. 27795], Kim et al. 2004:9 [ref. 27746], Roa-Varón et al. 2003:8 [ref. 27814], Nelson et al. 2004:109 [ref. 27807], Andrade et al. 2004:67 [ref. 28407], Vaske et al. 2005:78 [ref. 36155], Paxton et al. 2006:768 [ref. 29074], Gomon 2008:422 [ref. 30616] as darwini, Fricke et al. 2011:372 [ref. 31242], Page et al. 2013:112 [ref. 32708], Lins Oliveira et al. 2015:125 [ref. 37485], Roberts & Gomon 2015:1012 [ref. 34279], Moore 2016:2190 [ref. 34570], Fricke et al. 2018:111 [ref. 35805], Brown et al. 2019:162 [ref. 36444], Carneiro et al. 2019:154 [ref. 37250], Kimura et al. 2019:3 [ref. 37790], Reiner 2019:142 [ref. 38139] as darwini, Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 9 [ref. 38321], Kim et al. 2020:83 [ref. 39118], Klautau et al. 2020:8 [ref. 37903], Sonoyama et al. 2020:34 [ref. 37637], Koeda et al. 2021:5 [ref. 38857], Kovačić et al. 2021:32 [ref. 39014], Anderson 2022:388 [ref. 39705], Fermon et al. 2022:204 [ref. 39448], Kar et al. 2023:[2] [ref. 40248], Page et al. 2023:106 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Gephyroberyx darwinii (Johnson 1866). Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and temperate seas (including Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Japan), but not in eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

druzhinini, Hoplostethus Kotlyar [A. N.] 1986:116, Fig. 7 [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 121; ref. 6004] Arabian Sea, 16°11'N, 52°54'E, depth 330 meters. Holotype: ZIN 44074. Paratypes: ZIN 47946 (4). •Valid as Hoplostethus druzhinini Kotlyar 1986 -- (Manilo 1992:22 [130] [ref. 39140], Kotlyar 1993:193 [ref. 21209], Kotlyar 1996:143 [ref. 23292], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S100 [ref. 27377] as druzhininiv, Psomadakis et al. 2020:348 [ref. 37272]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus druzhinini Kotlyar 1986. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Northern Indian Ocean: Arabian Sea east to Myanmar. Habitat: marine.

elongatus, Trachichthys Günther [A.] 1859:10 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 1; ref. 1961] New Zealand. Lectotype: BMNH 1850.12.3.1. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1854.11.1.7 (1) Australia. Also listed was Plate I. fig. A, but on preface p. vi it is stated, "The Plates referred to, and executed by Mr. Ford, will be published as a separate volume." Lectotype selected by Gomon 2004:176 [ref. 27786]; the Australian specimen is probably Optivus agostos. •Valid as Optivus elongatus (Günther 1859) -- (Paulin et al. 1989:152 [ref. 24556], Paulin & Roberts 1992:134 [ref. 24625], Kuiter 1993:72 [ref. 23929], Francis 1993:159 [ref. 25479], Kotlyar 1996:180 [ref. 23292], Kuiter 1997:58 [ref. 25488], Johnson 1999:725 [ref. 25471], Gomon 2004:173 [ref. 27786], Gomon 2008:426 [ref. 30616], Duffy & Ahyong 2015:111 [ref. 36167], Roberts & Gomon 2015:1016 [ref. 34279]). Current status: Valid as Optivus elongatus (Günther 1859). Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific: New Zealand, Kermadec Islands. Habitat: marine.

fedorovi, Hoplostethus Kotlyar [A. N.] 1986:125, Fig. 12 [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 121; ref. 6004] Central Pacific [Marcus-Necker Ridge], 25°07'N, 175°41'E, depth 500-520 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMMU P-16478. Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:75 [ref. 25714]. •Valid as Hoplostethus fedorovi Kotlyar 1986 -- (Kotlyar 1996:142 [ref. 23292], Mundy 2005:305 [ref. 28379]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus fedorovi Kotlyar 1986. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Central Pacific: Marcus-Necker Ridge, Hawaiian Ridge. Habitat: marine.

fernandezianus, Trachichthys Günther [A.] 1887:23 [Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger v. 22 (pt 57); ref. 2013] Juan Fernández Islands. Syntypes: BMNH 1883.11.27-5-6 (2). •Valid as Trachichthys fernandezianus Günther 1887 -- (Pequeño 1989:53 [ref. 14125]). •Valid as Paratrachichthys fernandezianus (Günther 1887) -- (Kotlyar 1996:187 [ref. 23292], Pequeño & Sáez 2000:31 [ref. 24590], Pequeño & Lamilla 2000:434 [ref. 24906], Meléndez C. & Cornejo C. 2001:67 [ref. 26163], Dyer & Westneat 2010:602 [ref. 31446]). Current status: Valid as Paratrachichthys fernandezianus (Günther 1887). Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Southeastern Pacific: Juan Fernández and San Felix islands, Easter Island. Habitat: marine.

fragilis, Leiogaster de Buen [F.] 1959:193 [Boletim do Museu Nacional de Chile v. 27 (no. 3); ref. 697] Off Valparaíso, Chile. Holotype: EMBC?. Paratypes: (2). •Valid as Leiogaster fragilis de Buen 1959 -- (Pequeño 1989:53 [ref. 14125]). •Valid as Hoplostethus fragilis (de Buen 1959) -- (Kotlyar 1986:131 [ref. 6004], Kotlyar 1996:162 [ref. 23292]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus fragilis (de Buen 1959). Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Chile (off Valparaíso). Habitat: marine.

gigas, Hoplostethus McCulloch [A. R.] 1914:101, Pl. 19 [Biological Results Endeavour v. 2 (pt 3); ref. 2940] Great Australian Bight, 33°18'S, 126°42'E, South Australia, depth 130-170 fathoms. Lectotype: AMS I.12766. Paralectotypes: AMS I.15710-001 (1, skeleton), NMV A.20541 (1), QMB I.1423 (1). Plus non-type material. Lectotype selected by Roberts & Gomon 2012:346 [ref. 32372]. •Valid as Hoplostethus gigas McCulloch 1914 -- (Kotlyar 1986:126 [ref. 6004], Paxton et al. 1989:366 [ref. 12442], Paulin et al. 1989:153 [ref. 24556], Gomon et al. 1994:403 [ref. 22532], Kotlyar 1996:150 [ref. 23292], Hutchins 2001:25 [ref. 25847], Paxton et al. 2006:769 [ref. 29074], Gomon 2008:424 [ref. 30616], Moore & Dodd 2010:138 [ref. 30876], Roberts & Gomon 2012:342 [ref. 32372], Imamura & Hoese 2023:[4] [ref. 40531]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus gigas McCulloch 1914. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Southeastern Indian Ocean: Southern Australia (South Australia and Victoria). New Zealand in error (see H. melanopeza). Habitat: marine.

gilchristi, Hoplostethus Smith [J. L. B.] 1935:182, Pl. 22 (fig. E) [Records of the Albany Museum Grahamstown v. 4; ref. 4066] Off Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, western Indian Ocean, depth 300 fathoms. Holotype (unique): SAIAB [formerly RUSI] 46 [ex AMG]. •Synonym of Hoplostethus atlanticus Collett 1889 -- (Kotlyar 1986:130 [ref. 6004], Heemstra 1986:411 [ref. 5660], Maul 1990:620 [ref. 17237], Kotlyar 1996:156 [ref. 23292]). Current status: Synonym of Hoplostethus atlanticus Collett 1889. Trachichthyidae. Habitat: marine.

grandperrini, Hoplostethus Roberts [C. D.] & Gomon [M. F.] 2012:351, Fig. 6 [Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria v. 69; ref. 32372] New Caledonia, Norfolk Ridge, Seamount "B", 24°55.15'S, 168°20.95'E, depth 600-675 meters. Holotype: NMNZ P.027462. Paratypes: MNHN 2012-0269 (1). •Valid as Hoplostethus grandperrini Roberts & Gomon 2012 -- (Su et al. 2023:88 [ref. 40400], Misawa et al. 2023:248 [ref. 40812]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus grandperrini Roberts & Gomon 2012. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Taiwan north to southern Japan; Norfolk Ridge and New Caledonia. Habitat: marine.

heptalepis, Paratrachichthys Gon [O.] 1984:294, Fig. 1 [Pacific Science v. 37 (no. 3); ref. 8222] About 100 miles south of Niihau, Kauai Island, Hawaiian Islands, 20°16'N, 160°02'W, depth 50-100 meters. Holotype: BPBM 28108. Paratypes: AMS I.22836-001 [ex BPBM 24736] (1), BMNH 1982.7.6.1 (1), BPBM 24736 (7), CAS 50733 (1), MNHN 1982-1007 (1), NSMT-P 21486 (1), USNM 235296 (1); plus additional material in addendum. •Valid as Paratrachichthys heptalepis Gon 1984 -- (Kotlyar 1996:194 [ref. 23292]). •Valid as Aulotrachichthys heptalepis (Gon 1984) -- (Mundy 2005:304 [ref. 28379], Randall 2007:142 [ref. 30952], Matsunuma et al. 2023:[15] [ref. 40199]). Current status: Valid as Aulotrachichthys heptalepis (Gon 1984). Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Central Pacific: Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine.

horridus, Parinoberyx Kotlyar [A. N.] 1984:1592, Fig. [Zoologicheskii Zhurnal v. 63 (no. 10); ref. 6644] Southwestern Pacific, 23°05'S, 159°28'E, depth 300 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMMU P-16118. Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:76-77 [ref. 25714]. •Valid as Parinoberyx horridus Kotlyar 1984 -- (Kotlyar 1996:174 [ref. 23292], Moore & Paxton 1999:2217 [ref. 24787], Fricke et al. 2011:372 [ref. 31242]). Current status: Valid as Parinoberyx horridus Kotlyar 1984. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific: Coral Sea (South Bellona Reefs, New Caledonia). Habitat: marine.

intermedius, Trachichthys Hector [J.] 1875:78 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 4) v. 15 (no. 85) (art. 11); ref. 18268] Off Cape Farewell, New Zealand, depth 400 fathoms. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1885.10.15.1 [from Wellington Mus.]. Apparently appeared first as above, then in Hector 1875:245, Pl. 11 (fig. 18a) [ref. 18269]. •Valid as Hoplostethus intermedius (Hector 1875) -- (Paxton et al. 1989:366 [ref. 12442], Gomon et al. 1994:404 [ref. 22532], Hutchins 2001:25 [ref. 25847], Paxton et al. 2006:769 [ref. 29074], Gomon 2008:424 [ref. 30616], Moore & Dodd 2010:138 [ref. 30876]). •Synonym of Hoplostethus mediterraneus Cuvier 1829, but a valid subspecies -- (Kotlyar 1986:112 [ref. 6004], Kotlyar 1996:134, 138 [ref. 23292]). •Synonym of Hoplostethus mediterraneus Cuvier 1829 -- (Roberts & Gomon 2012:341 [ref. 32372]). Current status: Synonym of Hoplostethus mediterraneus Cuvier 1829. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Australia and New Zealand [may be the same as the Atlantic mediterraneus]. Habitat: marine.

islandicus, Hoplostethus Kotthaus [A.] 1952:66, Fig. 2 [Helgoländer wissenschaftliche Meeresuntersuchungen v. 4 (no. 1); ref. 12781] Ingolfshöfdi, Iceland, 460 or 180 meters. Holotype: ZMH H1. Type catalog: Ladiges et al. 1958:161 [ref. 19181], Wilkens & Dohse 1993:405 [ref. 21161]. See Kotthaus 1953:81 [ref. 21482] for type information. •Valid as Hoplostethus islandicus Kotthaus 1952 -- (Nielsen 1973:341 [ref. 6885]). •Synonym of Hoplostethus atlanticus Collett 1889 -- (Maul in Whitehead et al. 1986:750 [ref. 13676], Kotlyar 1986:130 [ref. 6004], Maul 1990:621 [ref. 17237], Kotlyar 1996:156 [ref. 23292]). Current status: Synonym of Hoplostethus atlanticus Collett 1889. Trachichthyidae. Habitat: marine.

jacksoniensis, Trachichthys Macleay [W.] 1881:511 [Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales v. 5 (pt 4); ref. 2869] Port Jackson, New South Wales, Australia. No types known. New name for a specimen described as Trachichthys australis by Castelnau 1879:364 [ref. 764]. •Synonym of Trachichthys australis Shaw 1799 -- (Paxton et al. 1989:367 [ref. 12442], Kotlyar 1996:177 [ref. 23292], Paxton et al. 2006:772 [ref. 29074]). Current status: Synonym of Trachichthys australis Shaw 1799. Trachichthyidae. Habitat: marine.

japonicus, Hoplostethus Hilgendorf [F. M.] 1879:78 [Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin 1879; ref. 18288] Japan. Holotype: ZMB 1569. •Valid as Hoplostethus japonicus Hilgendorf 1879 -- (Yamakawa in Okamura et al. 1982:205, 366 [ref. 8256], Yamakawa in Masuda et al. 1984:109 [ref. 6441], Yamakawa in Okamura et al. 1985:437, 652 [ref. 8056], Kotlyar 1986:121 [ref. 6004], Kotlyar 1996:147 [ref. 23292], Konishi 1999:58 [ref. 24259], Moore & Paxton 1999:2217 [ref. 24787], Nakabo 2000:501 [ref. 25086], Shinohara et al. 2001:311 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:501 [ref. 26001], Takahashi et al. 2003:18 [ref. 27520], Shinohara et al. 2005:422 [ref. 28370], Moore & Dodd 2010:138 [ref. 30876], Motomura et al. 2015:17 [ref. 34709], Miyazaki et al. 2019:123 [ref. 37957], Su et al. 2022:10 [ref. 39388]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus japonicus Hilgendorf 1879. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific: Japan and Taiwan. Habitat: marine.

japonicus, Trachichthys Döderlein [L.] in Steindachner & Döderlein 1883:49 [Anzeiger der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 20 (no. 7) (for 8 Mar. 1883); ref. 20489] Tokyo, Japan. Syntypes: MZS 2021 (1); NMW 42283 (1), ?ZMB 12066 (1). Species illustrated and described in more detail in Steindachner & Döderlein 1883:218 [p. 10 of separate] Pl. 2 (figs. 1-3) [ref. 4246]. Type information (MZS, ZMB) from Amaoka & Fujii 1999:158 [ref. 26515]. •Synonym of Gephyroberyx darwinii (Johnson 1866) -- (Nielsen 1973:340 [ref. 6885], Maul 1990:620 [ref. 17237], Kotlyar 1996:124 [ref. 23292], Konishi 1999:62 [ref. 24259], Kim et al. 2004:10 [ref. 27746]). •Valid as Gephyroberyx japonicus (Döderlein 1883) -- (Yamakawa in Okamura et al. 1982:203, 365 [ref. 8256], Yamakawa in Masuda et al. 1984:109 [ref. 6441], Konishi & Okiyama 1997:66 [ref. 23509], Nakabo 2000:500 [ref. 25086], Paxton & Moore in Randall & Lim 2000:601 [ref. 25122], Shinohara et al. 2001:311 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:500 [ref. 26001], Shinohara et al. 2005:422 [ref. 28370], Mundy 2005:304 [ref. 28379], Miyazaki et al. 2019:123 [ref. 37957]). Current status: Valid as Gephyroberyx japonicus (Döderlein 1883). Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Northwestern and northern central Pacific: Japan, Kyushu Palau Ridge, northern Hawaiian Ridge. Habitat: marine.

latus, Hoplostethus mediterraneus var. McCulloch [A. R.] 1914:97, Fig. 5 [Biological Results Endeavour v. 2 (pt 3); ref. 2940] Great Australian Bight, 33°20'S, 126° to 127°E, depth 80-320 fathoms. Syntypes: (9) AMS E.2467 (6, now 0), E.3597 (1), E.3598 (1), I.12485-87 (1, 1, 1); TMH D140/13021 [old no. D102, ex AMS E.2467] (1); NMV R.5962 [ex AMS E.2350] (1), SAMA F213 [ex AMS E.2467] (1). Type catalog: Andrews 1971:2 [ref. 31471], Glover 1976:171 [ref. 19449], Andrews 1992:111 [ref. 22689]. •Synonym of Hoplostethus mediterraneus Cuvier 1829 -- (Kotlyar 1986:103 [ref. 6004], Paxton et al. 1989:366 [ref. 12442], Kotlyar 1996:134 [ref. 23292]). •Valid as Hoplostethus latus McCulloch 1914 -- (Gomon et al. 1994:405 [ref. 22532], Hutchins 2001:25 [ref. 25847], Gomon 2008:425 [ref. 30616], Moore & Dodd 2010:138 [ref. 30876], Imamura & Hoese 2023:[4] [ref. 40531]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus latus McCulloch 1914. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Southeastern Indian Ocean: western South Australia and Western Australia. Habitat: marine.

latus, Paratrachichthys Fowler [H. W.] 1938:40, Fig. 12 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 85 (no. 3032); ref. 1426] Philippines. Holotype: USNM 93346. Paratypes: USNM 93394 (1), 93411-13 (1, 1, 1), 93420 (4). •Valid as Paratrachichthys latus Fowler 1938 -- (Kotlyar 1996:188 [ref. 23292]). •Valid as Aulotrachichthys latus (Fowler 1938) -- (Moore & Paxton 1999:2217 [ref. 24787], Gloerfelt-Tarp & Kailola 2022:103 [ref. 41223], Matsunuma et al. 2023:[15] [ref. 40199], Su et al. 2023:12 [ref. 40503]). Current status: Valid as Aulotrachichthys latus (Fowler 1938). Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean, western Pacific: southern Indonesia east to Philippines. Habitat: marine.

macleayi, Trachichthys Johnston [R. M.] 1881:11, 56 [Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania 1880; ref. 18338] Derwent River, Tasmania, Australia. Holotype (unique): TMH, whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Paratrachichthys trailli (Hutton 1875) -- (Kotlyar 1996:185 [ref. 23292], Paxton et al. 2006:771 [ref. 29074]). •Valid as Paratrachichthys macleayi (Johnston 1881) -- (Paxton et al. 2006:771 [ref. 29074], Gomon 2008:428 [ref. 30616]). Current status: Valid as Paratrachichthys macleayi (Johnston 1881). Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Australia: New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania and South Australia. Habitat: brackish, marine.

marisrubri, Hoplostethus Kotlyar [A. N.] 1986:124, Fig. 11 [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 121; ref. 6004] Red Sea, 18°29'N, 40°19'E, depth 510-520 meters. Holotype: ZMMU P-16476. Paratypes: ZMMU P-16477 (4). Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:75 [ref. 25714]. •Valid as Hoplostethus marisrubri Kotlyar 1986 -- (Kotlyar 1996:147 [ref. 23292], Khalaf & Zajonz 2007:430 [ref. 31739], Golani & Bogorodsky 2010:63 [ref. 35264], Bogorodsky & Randall 2018:[23] 261 [ref. 36492], Golani & Fricke 2018:44 [ref. 36273]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus marisrubri Kotlyar 1986. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: Gulf of Aden. Habitat: marine.

mediterraneus, Hoplostethus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829:469, Pl. 97 bis [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 4; ref. 998] Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. Holotype: MNHN 0000-7442. Type catalog: Bauchot 1970:26 [ref. 20740]. •Valid as Hoplostethus mediterraneus Cuvier 1829 -- (Nielsen 1973:340 [ref. 6885], Yamakawa in Okamura et al. 1982:205, 366 [ref. 8256], Dor 1984:69 [ref. 29757], Klausewitz 1986:286 [ref. 39512], Maul in Whitehead et al. 1986:751 [ref. 13676], Heemstra 1986:412 [ref. 5660], Kotlyar 1986:103 [ref. 6004], Gon 1987:101 [ref. 21380], Scott & Scott 1988:324 [ref. 25518], Paxton et al. 1989:366 [ref. 12442], Paulin et al. 1989:153 [ref. 24556], Shcherbachev et al. 1989:165 [ref. 36134], McAllister 1990:129 [ref. 14674], Maul 1990:622 [ref. 17237], Shimizu in Amaoka et al. 1990:206 [ref. 16024], Boschung 1992:91 [ref. 23239], Baranes & Golani 1993:304 [ref. 22372], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:149 [ref. 25472], Klausewitz 1994:466 [ref. 23564], Goren & Dor 1994:17 [ref. 25356], Kotlyar 1996:133 [ref. 23292], Santos et al. 1997:71 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:75 [ref. 24952], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:1006 [ref. 23897], Moore & Paxton 1999:2217 [ref. 24787], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:182 [ref. 25013], Paxton & Moore in Randall & Lim 2000:601 [ref. 25122], Pakhorukov 2001:379 [ref. 25409], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:62 [ref. 26753], Moore in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:304 [ref. 26158], Moore 2003:1188 [ref. 27002], Golani 2005:30 [ref. 37112], Fricke et al. 2007:72 [ref. 29533], Gomon 2008:424 [ref. 30616], Moore & Dodd 2010:138 [ref. 30876], Golani & Bogorodsky 2010:63 [ref. 35264], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:27 [ref. 36649], Goren & Galil 2015:521 [ref. 33910], Lins Oliveira et al. 2015:126 [ref. 37485], Roberts & Gomon 2015:1014 [ref. 34279], Bañón et al. 2016:318 [ref. 34397], Moore 2016:2191 [ref. 34570], Vinu et al. 2016:[1] [ref. 35335], Martins & Carneiro 2018:51 [ref. 36550], Carneiro et al. 2019:155 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:95 [ref. 36864], Reiner 2019:143 [ref. 38139], Bariche & Fricke 2020:43 [ref. 37515], Kovačić et al. 2020:20 [ref. 37519], Bañón & Maño 2021:64 [ref. 38883], Golani 2021:33 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:32 [ref. 39014], Anderson 2022:388 [ref. 39705], Fermon et al. 2022:204 [ref. 39448], Page et al. 2023:106 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus mediterraneus Cuvier 1829. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Atlantic; Mediterranean Sea; western Indian Ocean: South Africa and Mozambique to Madagascar Ridge; southeastern Indian Ocean, southwestern Pacific: southern Australia and New Zealand. Habitat: marine.

melanopeza, Hoplostethus Roberts [C. D.] & Gomon [M. F.] 2012:346, Figs. 3-4 [Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria v. 69; ref. 32372] North Island, Bay of Plenty, Mayor Knolls, 12 km east of Mayor Island, 37°19.07' S, 176°25.35' E, New Zealand, depth 320 meters. Holotype: NMNZ P.053205. Paratypes: many at AMS, CSIRO, MNHN, NMNZ, NMV, USNM. •Valid as Hoplostethus melanopeza Roberts & Gomon 2012 -- (Roberts & Gomon 2015:1015 [ref. 34279]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus melanopeza Roberts & Gomon 2012. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Tasman Sea and South Fiji Basins in the south-western Pacific, including Kermadec Ridge and New Zealand. Habitat: marine.

melanopterus, Hoplostethus Fowler [H. W.] 1938:36, Fig. 9 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 85 (no. 3032); ref. 1426] Off Tayabas Light, Marinduque Island and vicinity, Philippines, 13°40'N, 121°31'10"E, Albatross station D.5373, depth 338 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 93329. Paratypes: CAS-SU 140192 [ex USNM 93330] (2), CAS-SU 40191 [ex USNM 93336] (1), 40192 (2); USNM 93325-43 (1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 2, 4, 5, 5, 4, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, now 6, 5), 99030 (3). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:63 [ref. 12291]. •Valid as Hoplostethus melanopterus Fowler 1938 -- (Kotlyar 1986:135 [ref. 6004], Heemstra 1986:412 [ref. 5660], Kotlyar 1996:167 [ref. 23292], Moore & Paxton 1999:2217 [ref. 24787], Paxton & Moore in Randall & Lim 2000:601 [ref. 25122], Shinohara et al. 2005:422 [ref. 28370], Moore & Dodd 2010:138 [ref. 30876], Larson et al. 2013:72 [ref. 32988]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus melanopterus Fowler 1938. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Philippines to northern Australia. Habitat: marine.

melanopus, Leiogaster Weber [M.] 1913:180, Pl. 9 (fig. 7) [Die Fische der Siboga-Expedition; ref. 4602] Halmahera Sea, 1°10'S, 130°9'E, Siboga station 161, depth 798 meters. Lectotype: ZMA 110826. Paralectotypes: FMNH 52454 [CM 712] (1); RMNH 9985 [ex ZMA] (1); ZMA 109297 (1), 110823-25 (3, 4, 11). Type catalog: Nijssen et al. 1982:79 [ref. 19236], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:51 [ref. 12367]. Lectotype selected by Karrer 1973:230 [ref. 19259]. •Valid as Hoplostethus melanopus (Weber 1913) -- (Kotlyar 1986:135 [ref. 6004], Heemstra 1986:412 [ref. 5660], Paxton et al. 1989:367 [ref. 12442], Shimizu in Amaoka et al. 1990:207 [ref. 16024], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:150 [ref. 25472], Kotlyar 1996:156 [ref. 23292], Adam et al. 1998:1 [ref. 23610], Moore & Paxton 1999:2217 [ref. 24787], Nakabo 2000:500 [ref. 25086], Paxton & Moore in Randall & Lim 2000:601 [ref. 25122], Hutchins 2001:25 [ref. 25847] as cf. melanopus, Nakabo 2002:500 [ref. 26001], Kotlyar 2002:476 [ref. 26270], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S100 [ref. 27377], Paxton et al. 2006:770 [ref. 29074], Moore & Dodd 2010:138 [ref. 30876], Larson et al. 2013:72 [ref. 32988], Moore 2016:2192 [ref. 34570], Vinu et al. 2016:[1] [ref. 35335], Fricke et al. 2018:111 [ref. 35805], Kimura et al. 2019:4 [ref. 37790]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus melanopus (Weber 1913). Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Southeastern Atlantic and Indo-West Pacific: South Africa and East Africa east to Indonesia, north to southern Japan, south to northern Australia. Habitat: marine.

mento, Trachichthys Garman [S.] 1899:58, Pl. 11 (figs. 3-8) [not 2-7] [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 24; ref. 1540] South of Gulf of Panama, vicinity of 7°N, 78°-79°W, Albatross station 3384, 3394, 3396, depth 259-458 fathoms. Syntypes: MCZ 28762-64 (12, 19, 12), 28776 (1); USNM 153597 [ex MCZ 28762] (3). •Valid as Trachichthys mento Garman 1899 -- (Pequeño 1989:53 [ref. 14125]). •Valid as Hoplostethus mento (Garman 1899) -- (Kotlyar 1986:136 [ref. 6004], Kotlyar 1996:171 [ref. 23292], Moore & Dodd 2010:138 [ref. 30876], Robertson et al. 2017:75 [ref. 35676]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus mento (Garman 1899). Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Costa Rica to Chile. Habitat: marine.

metallicus, Hoplostethus Fowler [H. W.] 1938:37, Fig. 10 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 85 (no. 3032); ref. 1426] Pescador Island, Tanon Strait, eastern coast of Negros, Philippines, 9°56'30"N, 123°15'E, Albatross station D.5189, depth 30 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 93344. Paratypes: USNM 93391 (4), 93395-97 (17, 1, 1) •Valid as Hoplostethus metallicus Fowler 1938 -- (Kotlyar 1986:137 [ref. 6004], Kotlyar 1996:173 [ref. 23292], Moore & Paxton 1999:2217 [ref. 24787], Moore & Dodd 2010:138 [ref. 30876], Motomura et al. 2017:59 [ref. 35490]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus metallicus Fowler 1938. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Philippines. Habitat: marine.

mikhailini, Hoplostethus Kotlyar [A. N.] 1986:113, Fig. 5 [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 121; ref. 6004] Southwestern Indian Ocean, 25°53'S, 33°18'E, depth 520-499 meters. Holotype: ZMMU P-16472. Paratypes: ZMMU P-11524 (3), P-16473-74 (1, 2). Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:75 [ref. 25714]. •Valid as Hoplostethus mikhailini Kotlyar 1986 -- (Heemstra in Smith & Heemstra 1995:ix [ref. 21953], Kotlyar 1996:142 [ref. 23292]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus mikhailini Kotlyar 1986. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Southwest Indian Ocean from Cape of Good Hope to Delagoa Bay, South Africa. Habitat: marine.

nanus, Korsogaster Parr [A. E.] 1933:9, Fig. 3 [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 3 (art. 6); ref. 3373] Tongue of the Ocean, Bahamas, 25°56'N, 77°37'W, 5000 feet wire out. Holotype (unique): YPM 2839. Type catalog: Moore & Boardman 1991:27 [ref. 16741]. •Synonym of Hoplostethus mediterraneus Cuvier 1829 -- (Kotlyar 1986:103 [ref. 6004], Kotlyar 1996:134 [ref. 23292]). Current status: Synonym of Hoplostethus mediterraneus Cuvier 1829. Trachichthyidae. Habitat: marine.

natalensis, Hoplostethus (Hoplostethus) Kotlyar [A. N.] 1978:1681, Fig. [Zoologicheskii Zhurnal v. 57 (no. 11); ref. 8919] Southwestern Indian Ocean, over the continental slope of South Africa, 30°14'S, 31°18'E, depth 800 meters. Holotype: ZMMU P-14508 (121 mm). Paratypes: ZMMU P-14508 (1, juv.). Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:75 [ref. 25714]. •Synonym of Hoplostethus melanopus (Weber 1913) -- (Kotlyar 1986:135 [ref. 6004], Heemstra 1986:412 [ref. 5660], Kotlyar 1996:167 [ref. 23292]). Current status: Synonym of Hoplostethus melanopus (Weber 1913). Trachichthyidae. Habitat: marine.

novaezelandicus, Paratrachichthys (Aulotrachichthys) Kotlyar [A. N.] 1980:309, Fig. [Zoologicheskii Zhurnal v. 59 (no. 2) (for Feb. 1980); ref. 8706] Uncertain. (South Pacific, near New Zealand, 43°53'S, 178°39'E, depth 30-100 meters.) Holotype: ZIN 42422 (104 mm). Paratypes: ZIN 42422 (2 of 3). •Valid as Paratrachichthys novaezelandicus Kotlyar 1980 -- (Kotlyar 1996:191 [ref. 23292]). •Valid as Aulotrachichthys novaezelandicus (Kotlyar 1980) -- (Paulin et al. 1989:153 [ref. 24556], Paxton et al. 2006:768 [ref. 29074], Gomon 2008:420 [ref. 30616] as novaezealandiae, Roberts & Gomon 2015:1011 [ref. 34279], Matsunuma et al. 2023:[17] [ref. 40199]). Current status: Valid as Aulotrachichthys novaezelandicus (Kotlyar 1980). Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific (in error). Habitat: marine.

nyx, Aulotrachichthys Su [Y.], Ho [H.-C.] & Lin [H.-C.] 2023:4, Figs. 2-3 [Journal of Vertebrate Biology v. 72: 23060; ref. 40503] Off Yilan, northeast Taiwan, 24°21'0.05"N, 122°09'0.02"E, depth 195 - 200 meters. Holotype (unique): ASIZP 080537. •Valid as Aulotrachichthys nyx Su, Ho & Lin 2023. Current status: Valid as Aulotrachichthys nyx Su, Ho & Lin 2023. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Western Pacific: northeastern Taiwan. Habitat: marine.

occidentalis, Hoplostethus Woods [L. P.] in Woods & Sonoda 1973:319, Fig. 24 [Memoirs of the Sears Foundation of Marine Research Mem. 1 (pt 6); ref. 6899] Gulf of Mexico, 29°06.5'N, 88°18'W, Oregon station 3691, depth 235 fathoms. Holotype: FMNH 66790. Paratypes: FMNH 64529 (1), 64536 (2), 4538-39 (2, 1), 65297-99 (1, 2, 1), 65300 (1), 66232-35 (3, 4, 1, 2), 66925-37 (2, 5, 1, 3, 1, 5, 11, 1, 16, 4, 2, 4, 5), 66938-49 (1, 1, 3, 2, 1, 1, 4, 9, 1, 5, 1, 1). Type catalog: Ibarra & Stewart 1987:47 [ref. 12367]. •Valid as Hoplostethus occidentalis Woods 1973 -- (Uyeno & Sato in Uyeno et al. 1983:267 [ref. 14275], Kotlyar 1986:119 [ref. 6004], Cervigón 1991:241 [ref. 24472], Boschung 1992:91 [ref. 23239], Kotlyar 1996:145 [ref. 23292], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:1007 [ref. 23897], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:182 [ref. 25013], Claro et al. 2000:21 [ref. 26458], Moore in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:304 [ref. 26158], Moore 2003:1188 [ref. 27002], Moore et al. 2003:220 [ref. 27076], Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:69 [ref. 27192], Moore & Dodd 2010:138 [ref. 30876], Lins Oliveira et al. 2015:127 [ref. 37485], Klautau et al. 2020:8 [ref. 37903], Robertson et al. 2020:164 [ref. 38098], Page et al. 2023:106 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus occidentalis Woods 1973. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Florida Straits (U.S.A.) south to southern Brazil, including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. Habitat: marine.

orbicularis, Gephyroberyx Smith [J. L. B.] 1947:796 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 11) v. 13 (no. 108) (art. 77); ref. 4073] Off Algoa Bay, South Africa, southwestern Indian Ocean, depth 120 fathoms. Holotype (unique): SAIAB [formerly RUSI] 49. •Synonym of Gephyroberyx darwinii (Johnson 1866) -- (Heemstra 1986:410 [ref. 5660], Kotlyar 1996:124 [ref. 23292], Kim et al. 2004:10 [ref. 27746]). Current status: Synonym of Gephyroberyx darwinii (Johnson 1866). Trachichthyidae. Habitat: marine.

pacificus, Hoplostethus Garman [S.] 1899:56, Pls. A (1), 10, 11 (1), 71 (4) [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 24; ref. 1540] Off Galápagos Islands, 0°58'30"S, 89°17'W, Albatross station 3403, depth 384 fathoms. Syntypes: MCZ 28765 (4), USNM 153590 [ex MCZ 28765] (1). •Valid as Hoplostethus pacificus Garman 1899 -- (Kotlyar 1986:130 [ref. 6004], McCosker et al. 1997:24 [ref. 22816], Kotlyar 1996:154 [ref. 23292], Moore & Dodd 2010:138 [ref. 30876], McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:190 [ref. 30957], Grove et al. 2022:17 [ref. 41326]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus pacificus Garman 1899. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Galapagos Islands (Ecuador) endemic. Habitat: marine.

philippinus, Gephyroberyx Fowler [H. W.] 1938:38, Fig. 11 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 85 (no. 3032); ref. 1426] Off Point Tagolo Light, northern Mindanao, Philippines, 8°46'N, 123°32'30"E, Albatross station D.5516, depth 175 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 93345. Paratypes: USNM 93401 (7). •Valid as Gephyroberyx philippinus Fowler 1938 -- (Moore & Paxton 1999:2217 [ref. 24787]). •Synonym of Gephyroberyx darwinii (Johnson 1866) -- (Kotlyar 1996:124 [ref. 23292] as darwini, Konishi 1999:62 [ref. 24259] with question, Kotlyar, pers. comm., 3/03, Kim et al. 2004:10 [ref. 27746]). Current status: Synonym of Gephyroberyx darwinii (Johnson 1866). Trachichthyidae. Habitat: marine.

pretiosus, Trachichthys Lowe [R. T.] 1839:77 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1839 (pt 7); ref. 2829] Off Madeira. No types known. Name only, not available. •In the synonymy of Hoplostethus mediterraneus Cuvier 1829 -- (Nielsen 1973:340 [ref. 6885], Kotlyar 1986:103 [ref. 6004], Maul 1990:622 [ref. 17237], Kotlyar 1996:134 [ref. 23292]). Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Hoplostethus mediterraneus Cuvier 1829. Trachichthyidae.

prosthemius, Paratrachichthys Jordan [D. S.] & Fowler [H. W.] 1902:9, Fig. 1 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 26 (no. 1306); ref. 12309] Suruga Bay, Japan, Albatross station 3730. Holotype (unique): USNM 50575. •Valid as Paratrachichthys prosthemius Jordan & Fowler 1902 -- (Yamakawa in Masuda et al. 1984:109 [ref. 6441], Gon 1987:100 [ref. 21380], Chave & Mundy 1994:367 [ref. 22375], Suzuki & Hosokawa 1994:2 [ref. 24339], Kotlyar 1996:189 [ref. 23292], Konishi 1999:54 [ref. 24259]). •Valid as Aulotrachichthys prosthemius (Jordan & Fowler 1902) -- (Nakabo 2000:501 [ref. 25086], Paxton & Moore in Randall & Lim 2000:601 [ref. 25122], Shinohara et al. 2001:310 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:501 [ref. 26001], Mundy 2005:304 [ref. 28379], Randall 2007:142 [ref. 30952], Kim et al. 2020:83 [ref. 39118], Misawa et al. 2020:275 [ref. 38138], Sonoyama et al. 2020:34 [ref. 37637], Matsunuma et al. 2023:[15] [ref. 40199], Su et al. 2023:12 [ref. 40503]). Current status: Valid as Aulotrachichthys prosthemius (Jordan & Fowler 1902). Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Northwestern and central Pacific: southern Korea, Japan, Taiwan and Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine.

pulsator, Aulotrachichthys Gomon [M. F.] & Kuiter [R. H.] 1987:27, Fig. 1 [Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria v. 48 (no. 1); ref. 17669] Topgallant Island, South Australia, 33°43'S, 134°38'E, depth 25 meters. Holotype: NMV A3726. Paratypes: NMV A3727 (14), SAMA F5490 (1). •Valid as Paratrachichthys pulsator (Gomon & Kuiter 1987) -- (Kotlyar 1996:188 [ref. 23292]). •Valid as Aulotrachichthys pulsator Gomon & Kuiter 1987 -- (Gomon et al. 1994:400 [ref. 22532], Kuiter 1997:58 [ref. 25488], Paxton et al. 2006:768 [ref. 29074], Gomon 2008:421 [ref. 30616], Matsunuma et al. 2023:[18] [ref. 40199]). Current status: Valid as Aulotrachichthys pulsator Gomon & Kuiter 1987. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Australia: South Australia. Habitat: marine.

ravurictus, Hoplostethus Gomon [M. F.] 2008:189, Figs. 1-2 [Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria v. 65; ref. 29957] Hedland, 18°34.28' - 18°34.20'S, 117°27.40' - 117°29.17'E, Western Australia, depth 407-404 meters. Holotype: NMV A29668-002. Paratypes: many at AMS, CAS, CSIRO, NMNZ, NTM, WAM. Plus other material. •Valid as Hoplostethus ravurictus Gomon 2008 -- (Larson et al. 2013:72 [ref. 32988]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus ravurictus Gomon 2008. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Northern and Western Australia. Habitat: marine.

rifti, Hoplostethus Kotlyar [A. N.] 1986:120, Fig. 9 [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 121; ref. 6004] Western Indian Ocean, off northwestern Madagascar, 12°24'S, 48°25'E, depth 480-500 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMMU P-16475. Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:76 [ref. 25714], Fricke et al. 2018:111 [ref. 35805]. •Valid as Hoplostethus rifti Kotlyar 1986 -- (Kotlyar 1993:195 [ref. 21209], Kotlyar 1996:146 [ref. 23292], Fricke et al. 2018:111 [ref. 35805]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus rifti Kotlyar 1986. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: Madagascar. Habitat: marine.

robustispinus, Hoplostethus Moore [J. A.] & Dodd [K. A.] 2010:139, Figs. 1-3 [Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History v. 51 (no. 1); ref. 30876] East of Calagua Islands, Philippines, 14°18'N, 123°21'E, depth 648-660 meters. Holotype (unique): YPM 10130. •Valid as Hoplostethus robustispinus Moore & Dodd 2010 -- (Kotlyar 2011:484 [ref. 32455], Roberts & Gomon 2012:341 [ref. 32372], Su et al. 2023:92 [ref. 40400]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus robustispinus Moore & Dodd 2010. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Philippines and South China Sea, north to Taiwan. Habitat: marine.

roseus, Hoplostethus Su [Y.], Lin [H.-C.] & Ho [H.-C.] 2022:3, Figs. 1-6a, 7a [Journal of Fish Biology v. 101 (no. 3); ref. 39388] Off Chenggong fishing port, Taitung, eastern Taiwan. Holotype: NMMBP 32789. Paratypes: (10) DOS, NMMBP. •Valid as Hoplostethus roseus Su, Lin & Ho 2022. Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus roseus Su, Lin & Ho 2022. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Taiwan, Japan and New Caledonia. Habitat: marine.

rubellopterus, Hoplostethus Kotlyar [A. N.] 1980:204, Figs. 19-20 [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 110; ref. 8322] Nikobar Strait, 3°46'N, 95°00'E, northern Indian Ocean, depth 800-875 meters. Holotype: ZMMU P-15179. Paratypes: ZMMU P-15180 (3). Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:76 [ref. 25714]. •Valid as Hoplostethus rubellopterus Kotlyar 1980 -- (Kotlyar 1986:134 [ref. 6004], Kotlyar 1996:166 [ref. 23292], Vinu et al. 2016:[1] [ref. 35335]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus rubellopterus Kotlyar 1980. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: North tropical part of Indian Ocean from Mountain of Error (west) to Mentavay Ridge (east). Habitat: marine.

sajademalensis, Paratrachichthys (Aulotrachichthys) Kotlyar [A. N.] 1979:730 [137], Figs. 1-2 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 19 (no. 4) (art. 117); ref. 8704] Southeastern part of Saya de Malha Bank, Indian Ocean, 11°25'S, 61°39'E, depth 159-156 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMMU P-14302. Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:76 [ref. 25714]. On p. 137 of English translation. •Valid as Paratrachichthys sajademalensis Kotlyar 1979 -- (Yamakawa in Okamura et al. 1982:205, 365 [ref. 8256], Yamakawa in Masuda et al. 1984:109 [ref. 6441], Kotlyar 1993:196 [ref. 21209], Kotlyar 1996:190 [ref. 23292], Konishi 1999:54 [ref. 24259], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S100 [ref. 27377], Ouéro & Spitz 2010:589 [32866], Anderson 2022:389 [ref. 39705]). •Valid as Aulotrachichthys sajademalensis (Kotlyar 1979) -- (Nakabo 2000:501 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:501 [ref. 26001], Matsunuma et al. 2023:[10] [ref. 40199], Su et al. 2023:11 [ref. 40503]). Current status: Valid as Aulotrachichthys sajademalensis (Kotlyar 1979). Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: Somalia, Saya de Malha Bank, Nazareth Bank, Socotra (Yemen) and western Mascarenes (La Réunion). Habitat: marine.

shubnikovi, Hoplostethus Kotlyar [A. N.] 1980:202, Figs. 14-15 [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 110; ref. 8322] Nikobar Strait, Mentavay Ridge, 3°46'N, 95°00'E, northern Indian Ocean, depth 800-875 meters. Holotype: ZMMU P-15177. Paratypes: ZMMU P-15178 (1). Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:76 [ref. 25714]. Species misspelled as Hoplostethus sbubnikovi on description heading, correctly spelled as shubnikovi on figure captions and later in text. •Valid as Hoplostethus shubnikovi Kotlyar 1980 -- (Kotlyar 1986:136 [ref. 6004], Paxton et al. 1989:367 [ref. 12442], Kotlyar 1996:170 [ref. 23292], Hutchins 2001:25 [ref. 25847], Paxton et al. 2006:770 [ref. 29074], Moore & Dodd 2010:141 [ref. 30876], Psomadakis et al. 2020:348 [ref. 37272]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus shubnikovi Kotlyar 1980. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean: Myanmar to Nicobar Islands. Habitat: marine.

sonodae, Hoplostethus mediterraneus Kotlyar [A. N.] 1986:111 [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 121; ref. 6004] Northwestern Atlantic. Syntypes: Boston Univ. (1); BLBG [Biol. Lab., NMFS, Brunswick Georgia] (2); MCZ 38241 (1), 40502 (1), 40546 (1), 40554 (1), 40558-59 (1, 1); FMNH 65295-96 (2, 3), 65559 (1), 66789 (2). Appeared first in Quéro 1979 [ref. 26706] without description, not available. Based on Woods & Sonoda 1973 [ref. 6899], so Woods and Sonoda specimens are syntypes. •Synonym of Hoplostethus mediterraneus Cuvier 1829, but a valid subspecies sonodae Kotlyar 1986 as described -- (Kotlyar 1996:136 [ref. 23292], Moore et al. 2003:220 [ref. 27076]). Current status: Synonym of Hoplostethus mediterraneus Cuvier 1829. Trachichthyidae. Habitat: marine.

spinulosus, Leiogaster atlanticus var. Roule [L.] 1916:15 [Bulletin de l'Institut Océanographique (Monaco) No. 320; ref. 3818] Santa Cruz, Azores, northeastern Atlantic, station 703, depth 1360 meters. Holotype (unique): MOM 0091-0362. Type catalog: Belloc 1949:12-13 [ref. 21544]. •Synonym of Hoplostethus atlanticus Collett 1889 -- (Maul 1990:620 [ref. 17237], Kotlyar 1996:156 [ref. 23292], Santos et al. 1997:71 [ref. 23531]). Current status: Synonym of Hoplostethus atlanticus Collett 1889. Trachichthyidae. Habitat: marine.

spiralis, Aulotrachichthys Matsunuma [M.], Ujihara [A.] & Endo [H.] 2023:[10], Figs. 4c-d, 8-10b, 13b, 14d-e, 15c-e, 16c, 17b, 18 [Ichthyological Research v. 71 (no. 1); ref. 40199] Off Kii Peninsula, east of Cape Daiōzaki, central Honshu, Japan (obtained at Toyohama Port, Minami-chita, Aichi Prefecture), 34°16'04"N, 137°02'49"E, depth circa 200 meters. Holotype: BSKU 129403. Paratypes: BPBM, BSKU, FAKU, HUMZ, KAUM-I, MNHN, NSMT, USNM. Plus additional non-type material. •Valid as Aulotrachichthys spiralis Matsunuma, Ujihara & Endo 2023 -- (Su et al. 2023:12 [ref. 40503]). Current status: Valid as Aulotrachichthys spiralis Matsunuma, Ujihara & Endo 2023. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Japan. Habitat: marine.

tenebricus, Hoplostethus Kotlyar [A. N.] 1980:203, Figs. 16-17, 18a [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 110; ref. 8322] Delagoa Bay, Mozambique, 26°46'S, 33°44'E, depth 885-825 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMMU P-14509. Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:76 [ref. 25714], Fricke et al. 2018:111 [ref. 35805]. •Valid as Hoplostethus tenebricus Kotlyar 1980 -- (Kotlyar 1986:136 [ref. 6004], Heemstra 1986:412 [ref. 5660], Kotlyar 1993:195 [ref. 21209], Kotlyar 1996:171 [ref. 23292], Fricke et al. 2018:111 [ref. 35805]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus tenebricus Kotlyar 1980. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: Mozambique to Madagascar. Habitat: marine.

titan, Aulotrachichthys Matsunuma [M.], Ujihara [A.] & Endo [H.] 2023:[4], Figs. 2, 3a-b, 4a-b, 13a, 14c, 15a, 16b, 17a [Ichthyological Research v. 71 (no. 1); ref. 40199] Kyushu-Palau Ridge, Japan. Holotype (unique): KAUM-I 168657 [ex MUFS M7042]. •Valid as Aulotrachichthys titan Matsunuma, Ujihara & Endo 2023 -- (Su et al. 2023:12 [ref. 40503]). Current status: Valid as Aulotrachichthys titan Matsunuma, Ujihara & Endo 2023. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Kyushu-Palau Ridge, North Pacific Seamount Chain, Japan. Habitat: marine.

trailli, Trachichthys Hutton [F. W.] 1875:315 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 4) v. 16 (no. 95) (art. 41); ref. 18317] Stewart Island, New Zealand. Holotype (unique): ?BMNH 1886.11.18.1 [ex OM]. Hutton specimens: ?USNM 39667 (1). Type catalog: Russell 1996:225 [ref. 22562] but with USNM specimen as possible holotype. Also in Hutton 1876:212 [ref. 14210]. •Valid as Paratrachichthys trailli (Hutton 1875) -- (Paulin et al. 1989:153 [ref. 24556], Shimizu in Amaoka et al. 1990:208 [ref. 16024], Paulin & Roberts 1992:133 [ref. 24625], Kotlyar 1996:185 [ref. 23292], Gomon 2008:428 [ref. 30616], Fricke et al. 2011:372 [ref. 31242], Roberts & Gomon 2015:1017 [ref. 34279]). Current status: Valid as Paratrachichthys trailli (Hutton 1875). Trachichthyidae. Distribution: New Zealand and Chatham Ridge [not Australia], Chesterfield Islands (New Caledonia). Habitat: marine.

trunovi, Hoplostethus mediterraneus Kotlyar [A. N.] 1986:111, Fig. 4 [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 121; ref. 6004] Western Indian Ocean, Madagascar Ridge, 33°08'S, 44°15'E, depth 870-888 meters. Holotype: ZMMU P-16471(1 of 5). Paratypes: VNIRO (?20); ZMMU P-14512 (1, not a type), P-16471 (4). Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:75 [ref. 25714]. •Synonym of Hoplostethus mediterraneus Cuvier 1829, but a valid subspecies trunovi Kotlyar 1986 as described -- (Kotlyar 1993:193 [ref. 21209], Kotlyar 1996:137 [ref. 23292], Moore 2016:2191 [ref. 34570]). Current status: Synonym of Hoplostethus mediterraneus Cuvier 1829. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: Madagascar Ridge. Habitat: marine.

vniro, Hoplostethus Kotlyar [A. N.] 1995:702, Fig. 1 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 35 (no. 5); ref. 22580] Southeastern Atlantic, 6°28'S, 11°08'04"E, depth 1050-1080 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMMU P-15074. Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:76 [ref. 25714]. •Valid as Hoplostethus vniro Kotlyar 1995 -- (Moore 2016:2192 [ref. 34570]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus vniro Kotlyar 1995. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Southeast Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

woodsi, Gephyroberyx darwini Quéro [J.-C.] 1979:unnumbered pp. [Third European Ichthyology Congress, Warszawa; ref. 26706] Name only, not available. •In the synonymy of Gephyroberyx darwinii (Johnson 1866) -- (Kotlyar, pers. comm., 3/03). Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Gephyroberyx darwinii (Johnson 1866). Trachichthyidae.