Please look in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes for authorships of sections, Families of Fishes (all), and related information.

Species in the family or subfamily Triglidae: [ 318 ] records

abyssalis, Lepidotrigla Jordan [D. S.] & Starks [E. C.] 1904:595 [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 22 [1902]; ref. 2526] Suruga Bay, Japan, Albatross station 3713, depth 50-60 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 51440. •Valid as Lepidotrigla abyssalis Jordan & Starks 1904 -- (Ochiai & Yatou in Masuda et al. 1984:334 [ref. 6441], Yatou in Okamura et al. 1985:577, 722 [ref. 8056], Lindberg & Krasyukova 1987:102 [ref. 15964], Richards 1992:62 [ref. 20654], Mohsin & Ambak 1996:579 [ref. 27969], del Cerro & Lloris 1997:98 [ref. 22944], Chen et al. 1997:170 [ref. 26476], Richards 1999:2361 [ref. 24797], Nakabo 2000:609 [ref. 25086], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:606 [ref. 25122], Lee 2000:8 [ref. 25174], Shinohara et al. 2001:315 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:609 [ref. 26001], Choi et al. 2003:253, 566 [ref. 26218], Shinohara et al. 2005:426 [ref. 28370], Shinohara et al. 2011:43 [ref. 31715] dated 1902, Shinohara et al. 2014:246 [ref. 33300] dated 1902, Kim et al. 2020:97 [ref. 39118] as Lepidotigla abyssalis, Sonoyama et al. 2020:48 [ref. 37637]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla abyssalis Jordan & Starks 1904. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific: Taiwan and East China Sea (China) to Korea and Japan. Habitat: marine.

acanthomoplate, Bovitrigla Fowler [H. W.] 1938:113, Fig. 54 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 85 (no. 3032); ref. 1426] Off Point Tagolo Light, vicinity of northern Mindanao, Philippines, 8°47'N, 123°31'15"E, Albatross station D.5519, depth 182 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 98869. •Valid as Pterygotrigla acanthomoplate (Fowler 1938) -- (Richards 1999:2371 [ref. 24797], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122]). •Valid as Bovitrigla acanthomoplate Fowler 1938 -- (Richards & Jones 2002:278 [ref. 25990] based on treatment of Bovitrigla as valid). Current status: Valid as Bovitrigla acanthomoplate Fowler 1938. Triglidae: Pterygotriglinae. Distribution: Philippines. Habitat: marine.

adeni, Peristethus Lloyd [R. E.] 1907:8 [Records of the Indian Museum (Calcutta) v. 1 (pt 1); ref. 15153] Arabian Sea, Gulf of Aden, 13°36'N, 47°32'E, Investigator station 360, depth 130 fathoms. Holotype (unique): ZSI F1433/1. Type catalog: Menon & Yazdani 1968:155 [ref. 20743], Menon & Rama-Rao 1975:43 [ref. 22148]. Figured in Lloyd 1908: Pl. 43 (figs. 1, 1a) [ref. 20538]. •Valid as Satyrichthys adeni (Lloyd 1907) -- (Miller 1974:61 [ref. 23142], Heemstra 1982:292 [ref. 5416], Heemstra 1986:489 [ref. 5660], Richards 1999:2362 [ref. 24797], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122], Hutchins 2001:28 [ref. 25847] as cf. adeni, Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S103 [ref. 27377], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:152 [ref. 28072], Kawai 2008:26 [ref. 29787], Ali et al. 2009:2 [ref. 30665], Ho & Shao 2011: 41 [ref. 31432], Kawai 2013:422 [ref. 32560]). •Synonym of Satyrichthys laticeps (Schlegel 1852) -- (Kawai 2014:136 [ref. 33607], Kawai & Richards 2022:612 [ref. 39731]). Current status: Synonym of Satyrichthys laticeps (Schlegel 1852). Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: Southeastern Atlantic and Indo-West Pacific (if valid). Habitat: marine.

adriatica, Trigla Gmelin [J. F.] 1789:1346 [Caroli a Linné ... Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae v. 1 (pt 3); ref. 18139] Adriatic Sea (Mediterranean Sea). No types known. See account of Trigla lastoviza. •Synonym of Trigloporus lastoviza (Brünnich 1768) -- (Blanc & Hureau 1973:589 [ref. 7218]). •Synonym of Chelidonichthys lastoviza (Bonnaterre 1788) -- (Richards 1968:86 [ref. 7911], Richards 2016:2305 [ref. 35044]). Current status: Synonym of Chelidonichthys lastoviza (Bonnaterre 1788). Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: marine.

affinis, Prionotus Hildebrand [S. F.] & Schroeder [W. C.] 1928:315, Fig. 188 [Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries v. 43 (1927, pt 1); ref. 2163] Thomas Pt., off Kent Island, Maryland, U.S.A. Holotype: USNM 87654. Paratypes: USNM 131956 (1). •Synonym of Prionotus carolinus (Linnaeus 1771) -- (Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981]). Current status: Synonym of Prionotus carolinus (Linnaeus 1771). Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

africana, Trigla (Trigloporus) Smith [J. L. B.] 1934:334, Pl. 23 [Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa v. 22 (pt 4); ref. 4065] Port Alfred, South Africa. Holotype: SAIAB [formerly RUSI] [ex AMG] 120. Paratypes: not researched. •Synonym of Trigloporus lastoviza (Bonnaterre 1788) -- (Richards & Saksena 1980:156 [ref. 23143]). •Synonym of Trigloporus lastoviza (Bonnaterre 1788), but a valid subspecies africanus (Smith 1934) -- (Heemstra 1982:293 [ref. 5416], Heemstra 1986:488 [ref. 5660], Richards 2022:605 [ref. 39730]). •Valid as Chelidonichthys africanus (Smith 1934). Current status: Valid as Chelidonichthys africanus (Smith 1934). Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Southeastern Atlantic, southwestern Indian Ocean: Western Cape, Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa) north to southern Mozambique. Habitat: marine.

alata, Trigla Houttuyn [M.] 1782:336 [Verhandelingen der Hollandsche Maatschappij der Wetenschappen, Haarlem v. 20 (pt 2); ref. 2220] Japan. No types known. See Boeseman 1995:6 [ref. 21811]. •Valid as Lepidotrigla alata (Houttuyn 1782) -- (Ochiai & Yatou in Masuda et al. 1984:333 [ref. 6441], Lindberg & Krasyukova 1987:99 [ref. 15964], Richards 1992:62 [ref. 20654], del Cerro & Lloris 1997:51 [ref. 22811], Richards 1999:2361 [ref. 24797], Nakabo 2000:607 [ref. 25086], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:606 [ref. 25122], Lee 2000:6 [ref. 25174], Shimizu 2001:26 [ref. 25799], Nakabo 2002:607 [ref. 26001], Choi et al. 2003:253, 567 [ref. 26218], Imamura in Kimura et al. 2018:84 [ref. 36460], Kim et al. 2020:97 [ref. 39118], Sonoyama et al. 2020:48 [ref. 37637], Prokofiev & Yato 2020:384 [ref. 37898]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla alata (Houttuyn 1782). Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: northern Vietnam, China and Taiwan to Korea and Japan. Habitat: marine.

alatus, Prionotus Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.] 1883:210 [Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 10 (no. 5); ref. 1838] Atlantic off Charleston, S.C., U.S.A., 32°31'50"N, 78°45'W, Blake station 313, depth 75 fathoms. Holotype (unique): MCZ 25862. •Valid as Prionotus alatus Goode & Bean 1883 -- (Ross 1983:38 [ref. 36592], Robins & Ray 1986:279 [ref. 23100], Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981], Boschung 1992:99 [ref. 23239], McClure & McEachran 1992 [ref. 20319], Richards & Miller 2003:1272 [ref. 27049], Nelson et al. 2004:116 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:58 [ref. 28815], Page et al. 2013:119 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:182 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Prionotus alatus Goode & Bean 1883. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: brackish, marine.

albirostris, Prionotus Jordan [D. S.] & Bollman [C. H.] 1890:168 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 12 (no. 770); ref. 2433] Off Pacific Coast of Colombia, 7°57'N, 78°55'W, Albatross station 2795, depth 33 fathoms. Syntypes: USNM 41162 (several, now 2). See also Richards & McCosker 1998:940 [ref. 23599]. •Valid as Prionotus albirostris Jordan & Bollman 1890 -- (Castro-Aguirre et al. 1993:86 [ref. 21807], Allen & Robertson 1994:102 [ref. 22193], Bussing & López S. 1994:84 [ref. 23101], Bussing in Fischer et al. 1995:1647 [ref. 22830], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:300 [ref. 24545], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:300 [ref. 24023] [in error -- see McCosker 1998:810 [ref. 24025]], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:264 [ref. 24555], González-Acosta & De la Cruz-Agüero 1999:40 [ref. 24505], Nelson et al. 2004:117 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:81 [ref. 37547], Page et al. 2013:119 [ref. 32708], Fourriére et al. 2016:457 [ref. 34668], Love et al. 2021:113 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:182 [ref. 40505], Siccha-Ramirez et al. 2023:376 [ref. 40816]). Current status: Valid as Prionotus albirostris Jordan & Bollman 1890. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Pacific coast of southern Baja California Sur (Mexico) south to northern Peru, including Gulf of California (Mexico) and Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). Habitat: marine.

alcocki, Lepidotrigla Regan [C. T.] 1908:240, Pl. 28 (fig. 4) [The Transactions of the Linnean Society of London. Second Series. Zoology v. 12 (pt 3); ref. 3634] Saya de Malha Bank, Indian Ocean, depth 123 fathoms. Lectotype: BMNH 1908.3.23.212. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1908.3.23.213 (1). Lectotype selected by Richards & Saksena 1977:220 [ref. 5285]. •Valid as Lepidotrigla alcocki Regan 1908 -- (Richards & Saksena 1977:220 [ref. 5285], Richards 1992:56 [ref. 20654], del Cerro & Lloris 1997:98 [ref. 22944], Gomon & Psomadakis 2018:76 [ref. 35752], Richards 2022:606 [ref. 39730]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla alcocki Regan 1908. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: Saya de Malha Bank endemic. Habitat: marine.

alepis, Prionotus Alcock [A. W.] 1889:303, Pl. 22 (fig. 5) [Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal v. 58 (pt 2, no. 3); ref. 84] 16 miles east of mouth of Devi River, Mahanaddi Delta, Bay of Bengal, Orissa coast, Investigator station 32, depth 68 fathoms. Syntypes: ZSI F12442-43 (2). Type catalog: Menon & Yazdani 1968:156 [ref. 20743], Menon & Rama-Rao 1975:44 [ref. 22148]. •Synonym of Pterygotrigla hemisticta (Temminck & Schlegel 1843) -- (Richards 1999:2373 [ref. 24797]). •Synonym of Pterygotrigla arabica (Boulenger 1888) -- (Richards et al. 2003:5 [ref. 27122] in part). •Valid as Pterygtrigla alepis (Alcock 1889) but as incertae sedis -- (Richards et al. 2003:13 [ref. 27122], Richards 2022:610 [ref. 39730]). Current status: Synonym of Pterygotrigla arabica (Boulenger 1888). Triglidae: Pterygotriglinae. Habitat: marine.

alipionis, Prionotus Teague [G. W.] & Myers [G. S.] 1945:3, Figs. 1-2 [Boletim do Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro, Zoologia, Nova Série No. 31; ref. 13155] Paquetá Island, Distrito Federal, Guanabara Bay [Bay of Rio de Janeiro], Brazil. Holotype: MNRJ 6720. Additional material: (ca. 49) MNRJ 8347 (1) and MNRJ. Type catalog: Miranda Ribeiro 1961:6 [ref. 22040]. •Valid as Prionotus alipionis Teague & Myers 1945 -- (Nakamura in Nakamura et al. 1986:184 [ref. 14235]). •Synonym of Prionotus punctatus (Bloch 1793) -- (Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981]). Current status: Synonym of Prionotus punctatus (Bloch 1793). Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

altera, Lyra Plumier [C.] in Bloch 1793:125 [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 7; ref. 4868] Not available, manuscript name in the synonymy of Trigla punctata Bloch 1793. •In the synonymy of Prionotus punctatus Bloch 1793. Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Prionotus punctatus (Bloch 1793). Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: marine.

altipinnis, Peristedion Regan [C. T.] 1903:65, Pl. 8 (fig. 1) [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1903, v. 2 (pt 1) (art. 4) (for 12 May 1903); ref. 3615] Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Syntypes: (2) BMNH 1903.6.9.69 (1). •Valid as Peristedion altipinne Regan1903 -- (Moura & Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:74 [ref. 27192], Kawai 2008:24 [ref. 29787], Lins Oliveira et al. 2015:139 [ref. 37485], Klautau et al. 2020:9 [ref. 37903] as altipinnis). Current status: Valid as Peristedion altipinne Regan 1903. Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: Southwestern Atlantic: Rio Grande do Norte south to Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil). Habitat: marine.

altivelis, Lepidotrigla Matsubara [K.] & Hiyama [J.] 1932:47, Fig. 17 [Journal of the Imperial Fisheries Institute v. 28 (no. 1); ref. 16501] Zenra-Nandô, Tyôsen, Japan. Holotype: FAKU 17 (lost). •Synonym of Lepidotrigla microptera Günther 1873 -- (Lindberg & Krasyukova 1987:105 [ref. 15964], Richards 1992:62 [ref. 20654]). Current status: Synonym of Lepidotrigla microptera Günther 1873. Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: marine.

amaokai, Pterygotrigla (Otohime) Richards [W. J.], Yato [T.] & Last [P. R.] 2003:3, Fig. 1E; Pl. 1 (fig. 2) [Smithiana. Publications in Aquatic Biodiversity Bull. 2; ref. 27122] Saya de Malha Bank, Indian Ocean, 11°28'S, 61°13'E, depth 176 meters. Holotype: HUMZ 73367. Paratypes: HUMZ 72331 (1), 73363-66 (1, 1, 1, 1), 73368 (1); USNM 356932(1), 356393 (2). Genus misspelled Petrygotrigla on p. 3. •Valid as Pterygotrigla amaokai Richards, Yato & Last 2003 -- (Last & Richards 2012:39 [ref. 31796], Yato & Heemstra 2019:198 [ref. 37164], Richards 2022:610 [ref. 39730]). Current status: Valid as Pterygotrigla amaokai Richards, Yato & Last 2003. Triglidae: Pterygotriglinae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: Kenya; Saya de Malha Bank. Habitat: marine.

amblygenys, Peristedion Fowler [H. W.] 1938:122, Fig. 58 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 85 (no. 3032); ref. 1426] Off San Fernando Pt. Light, western coast of Luzon Island, Philippines, 16°30'36"N, 120°11'06"E, Albatross station D.5442, depth 45 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 98870. Paratypes: USNM 98923-27 (1, 1, 3, 1, 18). •Valid as Peristedion amblygenys Fowler 1938 -- (Richards 1999:2362 [ref. 24797], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122], Kawai 2008:24 [ref. 29787], Ho et al. 2013:39 [ref. 33263], Ono & Kawai 2014:117 [ref. 35455], Kawai 2016:343 [ref. 34782], Fricke et al. 2017:101 [ref. 35629], Rajeeshkumar et al. 2021:2 [ref. 38602], Su et al. 2024:136 [ref. 41224]). Current status: Valid as Peristedion amblygenys Fowler 1938. Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean, western North Pacific: Indonesia east to Philippines, north to Taiwan and East China Sea. Habitat: marine.

amboinensis, Trigla Suckow [G. A.] 1799:606 [Naturgeschichte der Thiere v. 4, pt. 1; ref. 18858] Nomen Oblitum. Triglidae. Habitat: marine.

amiscus, Peristedion Jordan [D. S.] & Starks [E. C.] 1904:593, Pl. 3 (figs. 1-2) [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 22 [1902]; ref. 2526] Off Manazuru Point, Sagami Bay, Ashigarashimo District, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan, Albatross sta. 3698, depth 153 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 51428. Types: Shinohara & Williams 2006:556 [ref. 31656]. •Valid as Satyrichthys amiscus (Jordan & Starks 1904) -- (Yatou in Okamura et al. 1982:285, 399 [ref. 8256], Ochiai & Yatou in Masuda et al. 1984:335 [ref. 6441], Yatou in Okamura et al. 1985:585, 726 [ref. 8056], Richards 1999:2362 [ref. 24797], Nakabo 2000:612 [ref. 25086], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122], Shinohara et al. 2001:317 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:612 [ref. 26001], Kawai et al. 2003:14 [ref. 27521], Shinohara et al. 2005:427 [ref. 28370]). •Valid as Scalicus amiscus (Jordan & Starks 1904) -- (Kawai 2008:27 [ref. 29787], Shinohara et al. 2014:247 [ref. 33300], Miyazaki et al. 2019:123 [ref. 37957], Kim et al. 2021:118 [ref. 39117]). •Synonym of Scalicus hians (Gilbert & Cramer 1897) -- (Kawai 2019:441 [ref. 36680]). Current status: Synonym of Scalicus hians (Gilbert & Cramer 1897). Triglidae: Peristediinae. Habitat: marine.

amoena, Trigla Castelnau [F. L.] 1873:131 [Proceedings of the Zoological and Acclimatisation Society of Victoria, Melbourne v. 2; ref. 758] Fremantle, Western Australia. Syntypes: (3) MNHN A-5559 (1, dry) Cygnes R. Type catalog: Blanc & Hureau 1968:35 [ref. 20738]. •Synonym of Chelidonichthys kumu (Cuvier 1829) -- (Paxton et al. 1989:454 [ref. 12442], Paxton et al. 2006:922 [ref. 29074], Richards 2022:604 [ref. 39730]). Current status: Synonym of Chelidonichthys kumu (Cuvier 1829). Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

andertoni, Pterygotrigla Waite [E. R.] 1910:26 [Transactions of the New Zealand Institute Part 1 (1910); ref. 4565] Bay of Plenty, New Zealand. Syntypes: (3) AMS I.10865 (1). Eastern Pacific records and literature are not this species. •Species treated as new in abstract above, but later treated as a synonym of Pterygotrigla picta (Günther 1880) -- (Waite 1911:252, Pl. 55 [ref. 14826]). •Synonym of Pterygotrigla picta (Günther 1880) -- (Hardy 1982:208 [ref. 8473], Gomon et al. 1994:502 [ref. 22532], del Cerro & Lloris 1997:115 [ref. 22944] with question). •Valid as Pterygotrigla andertoni Waite 1910 -- (Richards 1997:1058 [ref. 22983], Richards 1999:2372 [ref. 24797], Hutchins 2001:28 [ref. 25847], Paxton et al. 2006:927 [ref. 29074], Gomon & Last 2008:513 [ref. 30651], Fricke et al. 2011:381 [ref. 31242], Last & Richards 2012:39 [ref. 31796], Richards & Yato 2012:54 [ref. 32168], Struthers & Gomon 2015:1111 [ref. 34286]). Current status: Valid as Pterygotrigla andertoni Waite 1910. Triglidae: Pterygotriglinae. Distribution: Australia, New Zealand and New Caledonia [not Chile]. Habitat: marine.

annamarae, Lepidotrigla del Cerro [L.] & Lloris [D.] 1997:100, Fig. 1 [Mémoires du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris (N. S.) (Série A) Zoologie v. 174; ref. 22944] New Caledonia, 22°07'S, 167°11'E, MUSORSTOM 4, station CC 245, depth 415-435 meters. Holotype: MNHN 1994-316. Paratypes: IIPB-6/1994 (1), IIPB-164/1994 (1), IIPB-168/1994 (1); MNHN 1994-0317 (1), 1994-0318 (1). Type catalog: Allué et al. 2000:99 [ref. 30499]. •Valid as Lepidotrigla annamarae del Cerro & Lloris 1997 -- (Richards 1999:2361 [ref. 24797], Fricke et al. 2011:380 [ref. 31242]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla annamarae del Cerro & Lloris 1997. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Western South Pacific: New Caledonia. Habitat: marine.

antillarum, Peristedion Teague [G. W.] 1961:11, Pl. 2 [Anales del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Montevideo (Serie 2) v. 7 (no. 2); ref. 9382] Barbados, West Indies. Holotype: MCZ 28088. Paratypes: MCZ 28089 (1); USNM 153584 [ex MCZ 28088] (1), 164123 (2). •Valid as Peristedion antillarum Teague 1961 -- (Miller 1967:39 [ref. 7978], Miller & Richards 2003:1281 [ref. 27050], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:73 [ref. 28815], Kawai 2008:24 [ref. 29787], Fricke et al. 2017:101 [ref. 35629], Page et al. 2023:181 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Peristedion antillarum Teague 1961. Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

anzoletus, Trigla Nardo [G. D.] (ex Chiereghini) 1847:col. 125 [Sinonimia moderna delle specie registrate nell' opera intitolata: ...; ref. 17994] Not available, Chiereghini name mentioned in synonymy. Nomen Nudum. Triglidae.

arabica, Trigla Boulenger [G. A.] 1888:663 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1887 (pt 4); ref. 14479] Muscat, Oman, Gulf of Oman, Arabian Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1887.11.11.233. •Synonym of Pterygotrigla hemisticta (Temminck & Schlegel 1842) -- (Randall 1995:115 [ref. 22896], Richards 1999:2373 [ref. 24797]). •Valid as Pterygotrigla arabica (Boulenger 1888) -- (Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S103 [ref. 27377], Last & Richards 2012:39 [ref. 31796], Psomadakis et al. 2015:190 [ref. 34104], Yato & Heemstra 2019:197 [ref. 37164], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 29 [ref. 38321], Psomadakis et al. 2020:369 [ref. 37272] as cf. arabica, Richards 2022:610 [ref. 39730], Moazzam & Osmany 2023:577 [ref. 40712], Roy et al. 2023:[6] [ref. 40498]). Current status: Valid as Pterygotrigla arabica (Boulenger 1888). Triglidae: Pterygotriglinae. Distribution: Northern Indian Ocean: Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman east to Bay of Bengal (India). Habitat: marine.

argus, Lepidotrigla Ogilby [J. D.] 1910:123 [On some new fishes from the Queensland coast; ref. 3289] Between South Hill and Cape Gloucester, Queensland; Cape Bryon, New South Wales, Australia; depth 13-73 fathoms. Syntypes: (ca. 5430) AMS I.12532 (1), E.1991 (5), ?QM I.1576 (1) depth 51 fathoms. For remarks on types see Imamura & Hoese 2020:[9] [ref. 37793]. •Valid as Lepidotrigla argus Ogilby 1910 -- (Allen & Swainston 1988:52 [ref. 25477], Paxton et al. 1989:454 [ref. 12442], Richards 1992:62 [ref. 20654], Allen 1997:80 [ref. 23977], del Cerro & Lloris 1997:51 [ref. 22811], Johnson 1999:728 [ref. 25471], Hutchins 2001:28 [ref. 25847], Paxton et al. 2006:923 [ref. 29074]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla argus Ogilby 1910. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Australia and Papua New Guinea. Habitat: marine.

argyrosoma, Lepidotrigla Fowler [H. W.] 1938:105, Fig. 50 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 85 (no. 3032); ref. 1426] Off San Fernando Pt. Light, western coast of Luzon Island, Philippines, 16°30'36"N, 120°11'06"E, Albatross station D.5442, depth 45 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 98873. Paratypes: (a series) USNM. •Valid as Lepidotrigla argyrosoma Fowler 1938 -- (Richards 1992:62 [ref. 20654], Richards 1999:2361 [ref. 24797], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122], Prokofiev & Yato 2020:384 [ref. 37898]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla argyrosoma Fowler 1938. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Philippines and Vietnam. Habitat: marine.

asiatica, Trigla Linnaeus [C.] 1758:301 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Asiatic seas. No types known. Triglidae. Habitat: marine.

aspera, Trigla Cuvier [G.] (ex Viviani) in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829:77 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 4; ref. 998] Mediterranean Sea. Syntypes: MNHN 1923 (2) Malta, 5272 (1) Gênes, 6915 (4) Naples; ZMB 668 (1). Type catalog: Blanc & Hureau 1968:35 [ref. 20738], Paepke & Fricke 1992:277 [ref. 19946]. Hureau in Whitehead et al. 1986:1234 [ref. 13677] lists a Trigla aspera Viviani 1805 [not researched by us]. •Valid as Trigla aspera Cuvier 1829 -- (Herrera 1896:64 [ref. 39336]). •Synonym of Lepidotrigla cavillone (Lacepède 1801) -- (Richards 1968:100 [ref. 7911], Blanc & Hureau 1973:589 [ref. 7218], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:74 [ref. 26753], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:40 [ref. 36649], Richards 2016:2312 [ref. 35044] with author as Viviani and dated 1805). Current status: Synonym of Lepidotrigla cavillone (Lacepède 1801). Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

aspera, Trigla Gronow [L. T.] in Gray 1854:105 [Catalogue of fish collected and described by Laurence Theodore Gronow; ref. 1911] European Ocean. Syntypes: BMNH 1853.11.12.15 [Gronovius coll.] (1, skin). Type catalog: Wheeler 1958:239 [ref. 13434] as aspersa and with a holotype. Based on several literature sources, including gurnardus Linnaeus. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Trigla aspera Cuvier 1829. •Synonym of Trigla gurnardus Linnaeus 1758 -- (Wheeler 1958:230 [ref. 13434]). •Synonym of Eutrigla gurnardus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (authors). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Eutrigla gurnardus (Linnaeus 1758). Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

aspersus, Prionotus Meek [S. E.] & Hildebrand [S. F.] 1928:856, Pl. 83 [Field Museum of Natural History, Publications, Zoölogical Series v. 15 (publ. 249); ref. 2964] Mindi Cut, Canal Zone, Panama. Holotype: USNM 81613. Paratypes: FMNH 8495 [ex USNM 81614] (1), 8496 [ex USNM 81612] (1), 8497 [ex USNM 81610] (1); USNM 81610 (now 0), 81611-12 (1, 1), 81614 (1); plus 2 other specimens. Type catalog: Ibarra & Stewart 1987:69 [ref. 12367]. •Synonym of Prionotus punctatus (Bloch 1793) -- (Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981]). Current status: Synonym of Prionotus punctatus (Bloch 1793). Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

avis, Lepidotrigla Döderlein [L.] in Steindachner & Döderlein 1887:264 [8] [Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe. v. 53 (1. abth.); ref. 4249] Not available; mentioned in passing in synonomy of Lepidotrigla japonica Nyström 1887; from Kagoshima, Japan. Nomen Nudum. Triglidae.

barbiger, Peristedium Garman [S.] 1899:110 [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 24; ref. 1540] Gulf of Panama, 7°26'10"N, 79°53'50"W, Albatross station 3390, depth 56 fathoms. Lectotype: MCZ 28078. Paralectotypes: MCZ 28707 (3), USNM 153601 [ex MCZ 28707] (1). Original genus should have been Peristedion. Lectotype selected by Tenda & Kawai 2012:139 [ref. 32374]. •Valid as Peristedion barbiger Garman 1899 -- (Bussing & López S. 1994:70 [ref. 23101], Richards & McCosker 1998:941 [ref. 23599], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:263 [ref. 24555], Kawai 2008:24 [ref. 29787], Bussing 2010:1149 [ref. 31065], Tenda & Kawai 2012:135 [ref. 32374], Robertson et al. 2017:81 [ref. 35676], Grove et al. 2022:21 [ref. 41326], Siccha-Ramirez et al. 2023:381 [ref. 40816]). Current status: Valid as Peristedion barbiger Garman 1899. Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Costa Rica south to northern Peru, including Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). Habitat: marine.

bartschi, Peristedion Myers [G. S.] 1934:10, Fig. 2 [Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections v. 91 (no. 9); ref. 3107] Off Punta Boca, northern coast of Puerto Rico, 18°33'45"N, 66°15'00"W, depth 360-600 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 93186. •Synonym of Peristedion longispatha Goode & Bean 1886 -- (Miller 1967:37 [ref. 7978]). Current status: Synonym of Peristedion longispatha Goode & Bean 1886. Triglidae: Peristediinae. Habitat: marine.

beanii, Prionotus Goode [G. B.] in Goode & Bean 1896:468, Pl. 112 (figs. 383, 383b) [Special Bulletin U. S. National Museum No. 2; ref. 1848] Off Trinidad Island, West Indies, 11°07'00"N, 62°14'30"W, Albatross station 2120, depth 73 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 39318. The caption to Pl. 112 is wrongly labeled Prionotus trinitatis. •Valid as Prionotus beanii Goode 1896 -- (Miller & Kent 1972:227 [ref. 25695], Uyeno & Sato in Uyeno et al. 1983:445 [ref. 14275], Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981], Cervigón 1991:305 [ref. 24472] as beani, Cervigón 1992:452 [ref. 23827], Aguilera 1998:48 [ref. 24221], Richards & Miller 2003:1272 [ref. 27049], Klautau et al. 2020:9 [ref. 37903], Carvalho-Filho 2023:105 [ref. 40480]). Current status: Valid as Prionotus beanii Goode 1896. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Honduras south to Bahia (Brazil), including southern Caribbean Sea. Habitat: marine.

bentuviai, Lepidotrigla Richards [W. J.] & Saksena [V. P.] 1977:213, Fig. 3 [Bulletin of Marine Science v. 27 (no. 2); ref. 5285] Somalia coast, 11°11'N, 51°14'E, depth 47-49 meters. Holotype: USNM 215055. Paratypes: ANSP 134045 (1), BMNH 1972.9.26.1 (1), USNM 215049 (2). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:163 [ref. 13621]. •Valid as Lepidotrigla bentuviai Richards & Saksena 1977 -- (Richards 1992:48 [ref. 20654], del Cerro & Lloris 1997:51 [ref. 22811], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S103 [ref. 27377], Richards 2022:606 [ref. 39730]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla bentuviai Richards & Saksena 1977. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Red Sea; northwestern Indian Ocean: Gulf of Aden, Arabian Sea. Habitat: marine.

birostratus, Prionotus Richardson [J.] 1844:no p., Pl. 42 (figs. 4-6) [Ichthyology.--Part 1. The zoology of the voyage of H. M. S. Sulphur; ref. 3739] Gulf of Fonseca, west coast of Central America. Available from plate. Text in Richardson 1845:81 [ref. 20574]. •Valid as Prionotus birostratus Richardson 1844 -- (Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981], Bussing & López S. 1994:84 [ref. 23101], Bussing in Fischer et al. 1995:1647 [ref. 22830], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:300 [ref. 24545], Nelson et al. 2004:117 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:81 [ref. 37547], Page et al. 2013:119 [ref. 32708], Love et al. 2021:114 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:182 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Prionotus birostratus Richardson 1844. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Pacific coast of southern Baja California Sur (Mexico) south to Ecuador, including Gulf of California (Mexico). Habitat: marine.

bispinosa, Lepidotrigla Steindachner [F.] 1898:199 [Anzeiger der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 35 (no. 19) (for 14July 1898); ref. 20495] Gulf of Suez, Egypt, Red Sea. Syntypes: (several) NMW 11296-301 (4, 3, 17, 3, 4, 4); MSNG 27206 [ex NMW] (1); ZMUC 128 (1). Type catalog: Tortonese 1963:346 [ref. 10350], Nielsen 1974:80 [ref. 9588]. Later illustrated and described in more detail in Steindachner 1898:780, pl. 1 (figs. 1-1a) [ref. 14693]. •Valid as Lepidotrigla bispinosa Steindachner 1898 -- (Richards & Saksena 1977:212 [ref. 5285], Dor 1984:89 [ref. 29757], Richards 1992:62 [ref. 20654], Baranes & Golani 1993:305 [ref. 22372], Goren & Dor 1994:22 [ref. 25356], Randall 1995:114 [ref. 22896], del Cerro & Lloris 1997:51 [ref. 22811], Carpenter et al. 1997:139 [ref. 23922], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S103 [ref. 27377], Psomadakis et al. 2015:189 [ref. 34104], Ali et al. 2018:317 [ref. 36183], Golani & Fricke 2018:58 [ref. 36273], Eagderi et al. 2019:130 [ref. 37020], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 29 [ref. 38321], Silambarasan et al. 2021:[3] [ref. 38784], Richards 2022:607 [ref. 39730], Moazzam & Osmany 2023:574 [ref. 40712]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla bispinosa Steindachner 1898. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Red Sea; northwestern Indian Ocean: Somalia and Persian Gulf east to India. Habitat: marine.

bispinosus, Dactylopterus Swainson [W.] 1839:262, 417 [The natural history and classification v. 2; ref. 4303] Genus spelled Dactylophorus on p. 262. Based on Trigla volitans of Russell. Triglidae. Habitat: marine.

blochii, Trigla Yarrell [W.] 1836:50, Fig. [A history of British fishes; ref. 4812] Great Britain. No types known. •Synonym of Chelidonichthys gurnardus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Richards 1968:88 [ref. 7911]). •Synonym of Eutrigla gurnardus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Blanc & Hureau 1973:589 [ref. 7218], Richards 2016:2309 [ref. 35044]). Current status: Synonym of Eutrigla gurnardus (Linnaeus 1758). Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

bracanthus, Trigla Swainson [W.] 1839:421 [The natural history and classification v. 2; ref. 4303] Palermo, Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. •Synonym of Chelidonichthys obscurus (Walbaum 1792) -- (Richards 1968:92 [ref. 7911] with authorship as Bloch & Schneider 1801, Richards 2016:2307 [ref. 35044]). Current status: Synonym of Chelidonichthys obscurus (Walbaum 1792). Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: marine.

brachychir, Prionotus Regan [C. T.] 1914:16 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 8) v. 13 (no. 73); ref. 3661] Cape Frio, Brazil, depth 40 fathoms. Lectotype: BMNH 1913.12.4.246. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1913.12.4.237-242 (6), 1913.12.4.243-245 (3); USNM 111735 (3). Lectotype selected by Miller & Richards 1991:638 [ref. 15980]. •Valid as Bellator brachychir (Regan 1914) -- (Ross 1983:52 [ref. 36592], Robins & Ray 1986:278 [ref. 23100], Miller & Richards 1991:637 [ref. 15980], Cervigón 1991:297 [ref. 24472], Miller & Richards 1991:761 [ref. 15981], Cervigón 1992:452 [ref. 23827], Andreata & Séret 1996:585 [ref. 16204], Richards & Miller 2003:1271 [ref. 27049], Moura & Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:73 [ref. 27192], Nelson et al. 2004:116 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:55 [ref. 28815], Page et al. 2013:119 [ref. 32708], Costa et al. 2015:1061 [ref. 37495], Lins Oliveira et al. 2015:136 [ref. 37485], Klautau et al. 2020:9 [ref. 37903], Carvalho-Filho 2023:105 [ref. 40480], Page et al. 2023:181 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Bellator brachychir (Regan 1914). Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: North Carolina (U.S.A.) and Bahamas south to Uruguay, including Gulf of Mexico. Habitat: brackish, marine.

brachyoptera, Lepidotrigla Hutton [F. W.] 1872:27 [Fishes of New Zealand (Hutton); ref. 2287] Wellington Harbor, New Zealand. Holotype (unique): presumed lost. Type catalog: Russell 1996:226 [ref. 22562]. •Valid as Lepidotrigla branchioptera Hutton 1872 -- (Paulin et al. 1989:170 [ref. 24556], Yabe in Amaoka et al. 1990:236 [ref. 16024]). •Valid as Lepidotrigla brachyoptera Hutton 1872 -- (Richards 1992:62 [ref. 20654], Francis 1993:160 [ref. 25479], Richards 1997:1055 [ref. 22983], Struthers & Gomon 2015:1109 [ref. 34286]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla brachyoptera Hutton 1872. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: New Zealand and Kermadec Islands. Habitat: marine.

brandesii, Trigla Bleeker [P.] 1850:24 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 1 (no. 1); ref. 16886] Banda Neiro, Banda Islands, Indonesia, Type lost. •Valid as Pterygotrigla bradesii (Bleeker 1850) -- (Richards & Yato 2014:37 [ref. 33182] young as unidefinable). Current status: Valid as Pterygotrigla brandesii (Bleeker 1850). Triglidae: Pterygotriglinae. Distribution: Indonesia. Habitat: marine.

brevirostre, Peristethus Günther [A.] 1860:217 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 2; ref. 1963] Caribbean Sea. Syntypes: BMNH 1842.12.13.52 (2, skins), 1847.6.27.8 (1). •Valid as Peristedion brevirostre (Günther 1860) -- (Robins & Ray 1986:278 [ref. 23100], Miller & Richards 2003:1281 [ref. 27050], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:74 [ref. 28815], Kawai 2008:24 [ref. 29787], Page et al. 2023:181 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Peristedion brevirostre (Günther 1860). Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

brevispinis, Lepidotrigla Matsubara [K.] & Hiyama [J.] 1932:52, Fig. 19 [Journal of the Imperial Fisheries Institute v. 28 (no. 1); ref. 16501] Misaki, Japan. Holotype: FAKU 19 (lost). •Synonym of Lepidotrigla microptera Günther 1873 -- (Lindberg & Krasyukova 1987:105 [ref. 15964], Richards 1992:62 [ref. 20654]). Current status: Synonym of Lepidotrigla microptera Günther 1873. Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: marine.

buergeri, Trigla Temminck [C. J.] & Schlegel [H.] 1843:35, Pl. 14 (figs. 1-2) [Fauna Japonica Parts 2-4; ref. 4371] Bay of Nagasaki, Japan. Lectotype: RMNH D690 (stuffed). Paralectotypes: RMNH D506 (1, stuffed), D689 (1, stuffed), D691 (1, stuffed). Originally as bürgeri, correction mandatory. Lectotype selected by Boeseman 1947:45 [ref. 12876]. •Synonym of Lepidotrigla alata (Houttuyn 1782) -- (Lindberg & Krasyukova 1987:99 [ref. 15964] as bürgeri, Richards 1992:62 [ref. 20654]). Current status: Synonym of Lepidotrigla alata (Houttuyn 1782). Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: marine.

cadmani, Lepidotrigla Regan [C. T.] 1915:128 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 8) v. 15 (no. 85); ref. 15006] Lagos, Nigeria. Lectotype: BMNH 1914.11.2.51. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1914.11.52-55 (4). •Valid as Lepidotrigla cadmani Regan 1915 -- (Richards 1968:102 [ref. 7911], Richards & Saksena 1990:683 [ref. 17757], del Cerro & Lloris 1995:182 [ref. 22670], Wirtz et al. 2013:122 [ref. 32972], Richards 2016:2310 [ref. 35044], Reiner 2019:161 [ref. 38139], Fermon et al. 2022:294 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla cadmani Regan 1915. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Eastern Atlantic: Western Sahara south to Angola, including Cape Verde Islands, Bioko (Equatorial Guinea), Annobón Island (Equatorial Guinea), São Tomé and Principe. Habitat: marine.

cajorarori, Pterygotrigla (Pterygotrigla) Richards [W. J.] & Yato [T.] 2012:57, Figs. 2-6 [Zootaxa No. 3484; ref. 32168] Vicinity north of Mindanao, 6.6 miles off Macalaban Point Light, 8°36'26"N, 124°36'08"E, Philippines, depth 413 meters. Holotype: USNM 135940. Paratypes: BSKU 39887 (1); CSIRO H719-18 (1), H720-01 (1), H720-13 (1), H720 -14 (1). Plus non-type specimens. The specific name is a noun in apposition. •Valid as Pterygotrigla cajorarori Richards & Yato 2012. Current status: Valid as Pterygotrigla cajorarori Richards & Yato 2012. Triglidae: Pterygotriglinae. Distribution: Western Pacific; Japan, Philippines, Indonesia and Queensland, Australia. Habitat: marine.

calodactyla, Lepidotrigla Ogilby [J. D.] 1910:125 [On some new fishes from the Queensland coast; ref. 3289] Northeast of North Reef, Capricorn Group, Queensland, Australia, depth 70 fathoms. Syntypes: (2 or more) AMS I.12533 (1), and 1 out of AMS E.1708-1712 (3), AMS I.11057 (1); QM I.1529 (1). For remarks on types see Imamura & Hoese 2020:[9] [ref. 37793]. •Valid as Lepidotrigla calodactyla Ogilby 1910 -- (Paxton et al. 1989:454 [ref. 12442], Richards 1992:62 [ref. 20654], Johnson 1999:728 [ref. 25471], Hutchins 2001:28 [ref. 25847], Paxton et al. 2006:924 [ref. 29074]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla calodactyla Ogilby 1910. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Australia. Habitat: marine.

capella, Prionotus Miranda Ribeiro [A. de] 1916:Triglidae p. 4 [Arquivos do Museu Nacional de Rio de Janeiro v. 17; ref. 3711] Ila Grande; Rio Grande, Brazil; North America. On p. 596 when continuously paginated. Stated as, "substituto para Prionotus carolinus de Bloch and Prionotus punctatus Cuv. & Val., ambos preoccupados." Trigla carolina of Bloch 1790 and Prionotus punctatus of Cuvier 1829 are not original descriptions, so capella is not technically a replacement name. Types are those represented by the above literature and any available to Miranda Ribeiro. •Synonym of Prionotus punctatus (Bloch 1793) -- (Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981]). Current status: Synonym of Prionotus punctatus (Bloch 1793). Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

capensis, Trigla Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829:55 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 4; ref. 998] Cape of Good Hope, South Africa. Syntypes: MNHN 0000-6938 (2 heads, poor condition), A-423 and A-428 (2 dry skins in fragile condition); SMF 2816 [ex MNHN] (1). Type catalog: Blanc & Hureau 1968:36 [ref. 20738]. •Valid as Chelidonichthys capensis (Cuvier 1829) -- (Richards 1968:96 [ref. 7911], Heemstra 1982:292 [ref. 5416], Heemstra 1986:487 [ref. 5660], Richards & Saksena 1990:680 [ref. 17757], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:153 [ref. 25472], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:150 [ref. 28072], Richards 2016:2302 [ref. 35044], Fricke et al. 2018:138 [ref. 35805], Fermon et al. 2022:293 [ref. 39448], Richards 2022:604 [ref. 39730]). Current status: Valid as Chelidonichthys capensis (Cuvier 1829). Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Eastern Atlantic: Gabon south to Cape of Good Hope (South Africa); southwestern Indian Ocean: Cape of Good Hope (South Africa) north to southern Madagascar. Habitat: marine.

carolae, Lepidotrigla Richards [W. J.] 1968:106, Fig. 13 [Atlantide Report No. 10; ref. 7911] Gulf of Guinea, 4°50'N, 2°49'W, depth 60 meters. Holotype: ZMUC P791033. Paratypes: ANSP 109214 (2); BMNH 1967.7.24.1-2 (2); UF 19319-26 [ex TABL] (5, 1, 8, 4, 3, 10, 5, 10); UF [ex UMML] (now 49, 12 lots); USNM 201725-30 (1, 19, 5, 1, 11, 7); ZMUC (23, 6 lots). Type catalog: Gilbert 1974:111 [ref. 21035], Nielsen 1974:80 [ref. 9588], Böhlke 1984:163 [ref. 13621]. •Valid as Lepidotrigla carolae Richards 1968 -- (Richards & Saksena 1990:683 [ref. 17757], Richards 2016:2311 [ref. 35044], Reiner 2019:162 [ref. 38139], Fermon et al. 2022:294 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla carolae Richards 1968. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Eastern Atlantic: Mauritania south to Damcratic Republic of Congo and ?northern Angola, including São Tomé and Principe. Habitat: marine.

carolina, Trigla Linnaeus [C.] 1771:528 [Mantissa Plantarum altera; ref. 13301] Carolina, U.S.A. No types known. Paepke 1999:152 [ref. 24282] treats Trigla carolina Bloch 1793 apparently as independent of Linnaeus (not researched). •Valid as Prionotus carolinus (Linnaeus 1771) -- (Herrera 1896:64 [ref. 39336], Smith 1986:447 [ref. 22186], Robins & Ray 1986:279 [ref. 23100], Scott & Scott 1988:488 [ref. 25518], McAllis, Klein-MacPhee & McBride in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:340 [ref. 26158], Richards & Miller 2003:1273 [ref. 27049], Nelson et al. 2004:117 [ref. 27807], Page et al. 2013:119 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:182 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Prionotus carolinus (Linnaeus 1771). Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: brackish, marine.

cataphracta, Trigla Linnaeus [C.] 1758:300 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Southern France, Mediterranean Sea. Holotype: NRM 31. Type catalog: Fernholm & Wheeler 1983:233 [ref. 20707]. •Valid as Peristedium cataphractum (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Herrera 1896:64 [ref. 39336]). •Valid as Peristedion cataphractum (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Blanc & Hureau 1973:591 [ref. 7218], Hureau in Whitehead et al. 1986:1239 [ref. 13677], Richards & Saksena 1990:685 [ref. 17757], Santos et al. 1997:127 [ref. 23531], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:75 [ref. 26753], Golani 2005:34 [ref. 37112], Fricke et al. 2007:78 [ref. 29533], Kawai 2008:24 [ref. 29787], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:40 [ref. 36649], Goren & Galil 2015:518 [ref. 33910], Richards & Miller 2016:2296 [ref. 34617], Martins & Carneiro 2018:119 [ref. 36550], Artüz & Fricke 2019:556 [ref. 36612], Carneiro et al. 2019:236 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:96 [ref. 36864], Reiner 2019:160 [ref. 38139], Bariche & Fricke 2020:105 [ref. 37515], Kovačić et al. 2020:39 [ref. 37519], Bañón & Maño 2021:69 [ref. 38883], Golani 2021:38 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:73 [ref. 39014], Fermon et al. 2022:293 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Peristedion cataphractum (Linnaeus 1758). Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; eastern Atlantic: English Channel south to Angola, including São Tomé and Principe. Habitat: brackish, marine.

cavillone, Trigla Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1801:341, 367 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 3; ref. 2710] Mediterranean Sea. No types known. •Valid as Lepidotrigla cavillone (Lacepède 1801) -- (Blanc & Hureau 1973:589 [ref. 7218], Richards 1968:100 [ref. 7911], Hureau in Whitehead et al. 1986:1234 [ref. 13677], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:74 [ref. 26753], Golani 2005:33 [ref. 37112], Fricke et al. 2007:78 [ref. 29533], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:40 [ref. 36649], Richards 2016:2312 [ref. 35044], Martins & Carneiro 2018:116 [ref. 36550], Artüz & Fricke 2019:555 [ref. 36612], Carneiro et al. 2019:236 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:96 [ref. 36864], Bariche & Fricke 2020:108 [ref. 37515], Kovačić et al. 2020:44 [ref. 37519], Bañón & Maño 2021:68 [ref. 38883], Golani 2021:37 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:83 [ref. 39014], Renoult et al. 2023:38 [ref. 40491]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla cavillone (Lacepède 1801). Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; eastern Atlantic. Habitat: brackish, marine.

chabrontera, Peristedion Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1801:368, 373 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 3; ref. 2710] Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Apparently not an original description, on Bonnaterre or Osbeck. •Synonym of Peristedion cataphractum (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Blanc & Hureau 1973:591 [ref. 7218], Miller & Richards 1990:685 [ref. 17816]). Current status: Synonym of Peristedion cataphractum (Linnaeus 1758). Triglidae: Peristediinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

chabrontera, Trigla Osbeck [P.] 1770:101 [Nova Acta Physico-Medica Academiae Caesareae Leopoldina-Carolinae Naturae Curiosorum v. 4; ref. 18497] Mediterranean Sea?, Spain. No types known. Name also appeared in Walbaum 1792:373 [ref. 4572] and Bonnaterre 1788:145 [ref. 4940]. Also see Peristedion chabrontera Lacepède 1801, which could be based on this species. Triglidae. Habitat: marine.

clavilapis, Satyrichthys Fowler [H. W.] 1938:123, Fig. 59 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 85 (no. 3032); ref. 1426] Off Sombrero Island, Balayan Bay and Verde Island Passage, Philippines, 13°48'45"N, 120°41'51"E, Albatross station D.5118, depth 159 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 98868. Paratypes: USNM 98928-39 (2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 2, 2, 1, 1, 5). •Valid as Satyrichthys clavilapis Fowler 1938 -- (Richards 1999:2362 [ref. 24797], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122], Kawai 2008:26 [ref. 29787], Kawai 2013:421 [ref. 32560], Pogoreutz et al. 2013:153 [ref. 32813], Kawai 2014:135 [ref. 33607], Su et al. 2024:136 [ref. 41224]). Current status: Valid as Satyrichthys clavilapis Fowler 1938. Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: eastern Indonesia east to Philippines, north to Taiwan. Habitat: marine.

corax, Trigla Bonaparte [C. L.] 1834:fasc. 10, punt. 52, Pl. 94 (fig. 1) [Iconografia della fauna italica; ref. 517] Italy, western Mediterranean Sea. Syntypes: ANSP 11706 (1), 11707-17 (11), Mediterranean Sea. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:163 [ref. 13621]. •Synonym of Trigla lucerna Linnaeus 1758 -- (Blanc & Hureau 1973:586 [ref. 7218], Hureau in Whitehead et al. 1986:1235 [ref. 13677], Golani 2005:33 [ref. 37112]). •Synonym of Chelidonichthys lucernus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Richards 1968:94 [ref. 7911]). •Synonym of Chelidonichthys lucerna (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:73 [ref. 26753], Richards 2016:2306 [ref. 35044]). Current status: Synonym of Chelidonichthys lucerna (Linnaeus 1758). Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

corvus, Trigla Rafinesque [C. S.] 1810:32, Pl. 6 (fig. 1) [Caratteri di alcuni nuovi generi e nuove specie di animali e piante della Sicilia; ref. 3594] Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Also appeared in Rafinesque 1810:28 [ref. 3595]. •Synonym of Trigla lucerna Linnaeus 1758 -- (Blanc & Hureau 1973:586 [ref. 7218], Hureau in Whitehead et al. 1986:1235 [ref. 13677]). •Synonym of Chelidonichthys lucernus [sic] (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Richards 1968:94 [ref. 7911]). •Synonym of Chelidonichthys lucerna (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Richards 2016:2306 [ref. 35044], Parenti 2019:104 [ref. 37117]). Current status: Synonym of Chelidonichthys lucerna (Linnaeus 1758). Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

crassiceps, Prionotus tribulus Ginsburg [I.] 1950:517 [Texas Journal of Science v. 2 (no. 4); ref. 12953] Off Port Arthur, Texas, U.S.A., 29°16'30"N, 94°10'00"W, depth 8 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 151940. Paratypes: USNM 22820 (1), 30165 (1), 30693 (1), 30910 (3), 30921 (1), 31053 (2), 39885 (2), 43065 (1), 44665 (1), 46292 (1), 86113 (2), 86141 (1), 86143 (1), 86145-47 (1, 1, 1), 91791 (1), 93621 (1), 118616 (5), 119826 (1) 120503 (1), 125415 (1), 127383 (3), 131932 (1), 132275 (3), 147788 (1), 155060-69 (1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1), 157415-23 (1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 2, 2), 157453-59 (4, 1, 9, 17, 41, 30, 2), 157518-21 (2, 12, 2, 3), 157528 (1). •Synonym of Prionotus tribulus Cuvier 1829, possibly a valid subspecies -- (Miller & Richards 1991:761 [ref. 15981]). Current status: Synonym of Prionotus tribulus Cuvier 1829. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: marine.

crustosum, Peristedium Garman [S.] 1899:112, Pl. A (fig. 2) [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 24; ref. 1540] Eastern Pacific off Panama, 7°33'40"N, 79°43'30"W, Albatross station 3391, depth 153 fathoms. Syntypes: UF [ex MCZ] (1?, not found); MCZ 28704-05 (1, 1), 28706 (now 106); UF [ex TABL, ex MCZ] (1, not found); USNM 153603 [ex MCZ 28704] (1). Original genus should have been Peristedion. •Valid as Peristedion crustosum Garman 1899 -- (Bussing & López S. 1994:70 [ref. 23101], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:302 [ref. 24023], Richards & McCosker 1998:940 [ref. 23599], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:260 [ref. 24555], Kawai 2008:24 [ref. 29787], McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:191 [ref. 30957], Bussing 2010:1149 [ref. 31065], Grove et al. 2022:21 [ref. 41326]). Current status: Valid as Peristedion crustosum Garman 1899. Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Nicaragua south to Panama, including Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). IUCN (2024): Not Assessed. Habitat: marine.

cuculus, Trigla Linnaeus [C.] 1758:301 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Mediterranean Sea. Possible types: NRM 27 (1). Type catalog: Fernholm & Wheeler 1983:233-234 [ref. 20707]. Neotype as BMNH 1963.5.14.696 designated by Richards 1968:92 is invalid if NRM LP 27 is a type. •Valid as Trigla cuculus Linnaeus 1758 -- (Herrera 1896:64 [ref. 39336]). •Valid as Aspitrigla cuculus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Blanc & Hureau 1973:587 [ref. 7218], Hureau in Whitehead et al. 1986:1232 [ref. 13677], Santos et al. 1997:78 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:117 [ref. 24952], Caputo & Sorice 1999:81 [ref. 25260], Golani 2005:33 [ref. 37112], Vasil'eva 2007:81 [ref. 30517], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:39 [ref. 36649], Golani 2021:37 [ref. 38303]). •Valid as Chelidonichthys cuculus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Richards 1968:90 [ref. 7911], Richards & Saksena 1990:680 [ref. 17757], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:71 [ref. 26753], Parin et al. 2002:S65 [ref. 28300], Fricke et al. 2007:77 [ref. 29533], Fricke 2008:25 [ref. 30182], Parin et al. 2014:225 [ref. 33547], Richards 2016:2303 [ref. 35044], Martins & Carneiro 2018:111 [ref. 36550], Artüz & Fricke 2019:555 [ref. 36612], Carneiro et al. 2019:234 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:96 [ref. 36864], Bariche & Fricke 2020:108 [ref. 37515], Kovačić et al. 2020:44 [ref. 37519], Bañón & Maño 2021:69 [ref. 38883], Kovačić et al. 2021:83 [ref. 39014]). Current status: Valid as Chelidonichthys cuculus (Linnaeus 1758). Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; Black Sea; eastern Atlantic: British Isles south to Mauritania, including Azores, Madeira and Canary Islands. Habitat: brackish, marine.

deasoni, Lepidotrigla Herre [A. W. C. T.] & Kauffman [D. E.] 1952:28 [Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington v. 65; ref. 11044] South entrance to Manila Bay, off the coast of Cavite Province, Philippines, depth 65 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 202504 [ex UW 18958]. Paratypes: USNM 202569 [ex UW 11513] (1), UW (5). Type catalog: Meldrim & Wadley 1968:873 [ref. 31181]. •Valid as Lepidotrigla deasoni Herre & Kauffman 1952 -- (Richards 1992:62 [ref. 20654], del Cerro & Lloris 1997:51 [ref. 22811], Richards 1999:2361 [ref. 24797], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla deasoni Herre & Kauffman 1952. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Philippines. Habitat: marine.

dieuzeidei, Lepidotrigla Blanc [M.] & Hureau [J.-C.] (ex Andouin) 1973:589 [CLOFNAM; ref. 7218] Algeria, western Mediterranean Sea. Appeared as a new name based on Audouin manuscript and other cited references; we believe authorship should be Blanc & Hureau. Type specimens would be ones treated in the cited publications. •Valid as Lepidotrigla dieuzeidei Blanc & Hureau 1973 -- (Hureau in Whitehead et al. 1986:1235 [ref. 13677], Richards and Saksena 1990:684 [ref. 17757], Golani 1996:25 [ref. 22271], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:74 [ref. 26753], Bañón 2004:367 [ref. 41158], Golani 2005:33 [ref. 37112], Dalyan & Eryilmaz 2006:157 [ref. 38547], Fricke et al. 2007:78 [ref. 29533], Bañon et al. 2010:15 [ref. 31029], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:40 [ref. 36649], Richards 2016:2313 [ref. 35044], Martins & Carneiro 2018:117 [ref. 36550], Artüz & Fricke 2019:555 [ref. 36612], Carneiro et al. 2019:236 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:96 [ref. 36864], Iglésias et al. 2020:292 [ref. 37987], Kovačić et al. 2020:44 [ref. 37519], Bañón & Maño 2021:68 [ref. 38883], Golani 2021:38 [ref. 38303], Iglésias et al. 2021:175 [ref. 38818], Kovačić et al. 2021:83 [ref. 39014], Fermon et al. 2022:294 [ref. 39448] with question). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla dieuzeidei Blanc & Hureau 1973. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; eastern Atlantic: Galicia (Spain) south to Guinea Bissau, including Cape Verde Islands. Habitat: brackish, marine.

dorsomaculata, Trigla kumu var. Steindachner [F.] 1876:216 [168] [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 74 (1. Abth.); ref. 4225] Hakodate, Oshima Subprefecture, Hokkaido, Japan. Syntypes: (2) NMW. On p. 168 of separate. •Synonym of Trigla kumu Cuvier 1829 -- (Lindberg & Krasyukova 1987:96 [ref. 15964]). •Synonym of Chelidonichthys kumu (Cuvier 1829) -- (authors). Current status: Synonym of Chelidonichthys kumu (Cuvier 1829). Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

draiggoch, Pterygotrigla (Otohime) Richards [W. J.], Yato [T.] & Last [P. R.] 2003:5, Fig. 1D; Pl. 1 (Figs. 4-5) [Smithiana. Publications in Aquatic Biodiversity Bull. 2; ref. 27122] Northeast of Monte Bello Island, Dampier Archipelago, Western Australia, 19°30'S, 116°01'E to 19°31'S, 115°59'E, depth 142 meters. Holotype: CSIRO CA 1535. Paratypes: AMS I.22805-002 (3); CSIRO CA 4196 (1); NTM S12931-005 (3); WAM P.26182 (1), P.26187 (1), P.26193 (4). Type catalog: Moore et al. 2008:18 [ref. 30117]. •Valid as Pterygotrigla draiggoch Richards, Yato & Last 2003 -- (Paxton et al. 2006:927 [ref. 29074], Last & Richards 2012:39 [ref. 31796], Yato & Heemstra 2019:197 [ref. 37164], Gloerfelt-Tarp & Kailola 2022:127 [ref. 41223]). Current status: Valid as Pterygotrigla draiggoch Richards, Yato & Last 2003. Triglidae: Pterygotriglinae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean: northern Western Australia. Habitat: marine.

ecuadorensis, Peristedion Teague [G. W.] 1961:10, Pl. 1; Fig 2b [Anales del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Montevideo (Serie 2) v. 7 (no. 2); ref. 9382] Off South Carolina, 32°36'00"N, 77°29'15"W, Albatross station 2624, depth 258 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 133598. Paratypes: USNM 164365 (4). The original locality of off Ecuador resulted from Teague using station data from Albatross hydrographic sta. 2624 rather than from dredging station 2624 (see G. Miller 1967:39 [ref. 7978]). The report by Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:260 [ref. 24555] from the eastern Pacific is in error: see Miller & Richards 2003:1281 [ref. 27050]. •Valid as Peristedion ecuadorense Teague 1961 -- (Uyeno & Sato in Uyeno et al. 1983:448 [ref. 14275], Miller & Richards 2003:1281 [ref. 27050], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:75 [ref. 28815], Kawai 2008:24 [ref. 29787], Bussing 2010:1149 [ref. 31065], Lins Oliveira et al. 2015:140 [ref. 37485], Klautau et al. 2020:9 [ref. 37903], Page et al. 2023:181 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Peristedion ecuadorense Teague 1961. Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Virginia (U.S.A.) south to Brazil, including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. Habitat: marine.

egretta, Prionotus Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.] 1896:465, Pl. 111 (fig. 381) [Special Bulletin U. S. National Museum No. 2; ref. 1848] Off Barbados, West Indies, Blake dredge no. 297, depth 123 fathoms. Holotype (unique): MCZ 28086. •Valid as Bellator egretta (Goode & Bean 1896) -- (Ross 1983:52 [ref. 36592], Robins & Ray 1986:279 [ref. 23100], Miller & Richards 1991:639 [ref. 15980], Miller & Richards 1991:761 [ref. 15981], Cervigón 1991:297 [ref. 24472], Boschung 1992:99 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:452 [ref. 23827], Richards & Miller 2003:1271 [ref. 27049], Nelson et al. 2004:116 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:56 [ref. 28815], Page et al. 2013:119 [ref. 32708], Lins Oliveira et al. 2015:137 [ref. 37485], Robertson et al. 2020:164 [ref. 38098], Carvalho-Filho 2023:105 [ref. 40480], Page et al. 2023:181 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Bellator egretta (Goode & Bean 1896). Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: North Carolina (U.S.A.) south to Barbados, including Gulf of Mexico and northern Caribbean Sea; Rio Grande do Norte (Brazil). Habitat: brackish, marine.

elicryste, Pterygotrigla (Otohime) Richards [W. J.], Yato [T.] & Last [P. R.] 2003:6, Fig. 1G; Pl. 1 (figs. 6-7) [Smithiana. Publications in Aquatic Biodiversity Bull. 2; ref. 27122] Off Port Hedland, Western Australia, 18°21'S, 118°53'E, depth 138 meters. Holotype: CSIRO H 1022-04. Paratypes: CSIRO CA 1593-95 (1, 1, 1). •Valid as Pterygotrigla elicryste Richards, Yato & Last 2003 -- (Paxton et al. 2006:928 [ref. 29074], Last & Richards 2012:39 [ref. 31796], Yato & Heemstra 2019:197 [ref. 37164]). Current status: Valid as Pterygotrigla elicryste Richards, Yato & Last 2003. Triglidae: Pterygotriglinae. Distribution: Indian Ocean: northwestern Australia. Habitat: marine.

engyceros, Peristethus Günther [A.] 1872:663, Fig. [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1871 (pt 3) (art. 1) (for 21 Nov. 1871); ref. 1997] Hawaiian Islands. Holotype: BMNH 2010.2.1.1 (skeleton, fragmented). •Valid as Satyrichthys engyceros (Günther 1872) -- (Yatou in Okamura et al. 1982:287, 400 [ref. 8256], Ochiai & Yatou in Masuda et al. 1984:335 [ref. 6441], Yatou in Okamura et al. 1985:585, 726 [ref. 8056], Richards 1999:2362 [ref. 24797], Nakabo 2000:612 [ref. 25086], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122], Shinohara et al. 2001:317 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:612 [ref. 26001], Kawai et al. 2003:15 [ref. 27521], Mundy & Parrish 2004:412 [ref. 27877], Shinohara et al. 2005:427 [ref. 28370], Mundy 2005:334 [ref. 28379], Randall 2007:182 [ref. 30952]). •Valid as Scalicus engyceros (Günther 1872) -- (Kawai 2008:27 [ref. 29787], Kawai 2019:439 [ref. 36680]). Current status: Valid as Scalicus engyceros (Günther 1872). Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: Western and central North Pacific: Emperor Seamount Chain, East China Sea to Japan and Kyushu-Palau Ridge, Johnston Atoll, Hawaiian Ridge, Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine.

evolans, Trigla Linnaeus [C.] 1766:498 [Systema naturae sive regna tria naturae v. 1 (pt 1); ref. 2786] Carolina [South Carolina, U.S.A.] and Jamaica. Syntypes: LS [Garden no. 21] (right half-skin). Type information: Goode & Bean 1885:204 [ref. 1841], Wheeler 1985:45 [ref. 20705]. Named Trigla volitans by Euphrasen 1795:75 [ref. 30156]. Based on manuscript description and 1 specimen sent by A. Garden [South Carolina], and on the 'Trigla capite aculeato & squamoso ..., The smaller flying Trigla' of Browne 1756:453, Pl. 47, fig. 3 [ref. 30188] [Jamaica]. •Valid as Prionotus evolans (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Robins & Ray 1986:280 [ref. 23100], Scott & Scott 1988:488 [ref. 25518], McAllister 1990:190 [ref. 14674], Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981], Smith 1986:448 [ref. 22186], Murdy et al. 1997:144 [ref. 23144], Klein-MacPhee & McBride in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:343 [ref. 26158], Richards & Miller 2003:1273 [ref. 27049], Nelson et al. 2004:117 [ref. 27807], Page et al. 2013:120 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:182 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Prionotus evolans (Linnaeus 1766). Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: brackish, marine.

eydouxii, Lepidotrigla Sauvage [H.-E.] 1878:156 [Nouvelles Archives du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris (Série 2) v. 1; ref. 3880] Manila, Philippines. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000-6809. Type catalog: Blanc & Hureau 1968:31 [ref. 20738]. Correct spelling is eydouxii. •Valid as Lepidotrigla eydouxi Sauvage 1878 -- (Richards 1992:62 [ref. 20654], Richards 1999:2362 [ref. 24797], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122], Prokofiev & Yato 2020:384 [ref. 37898]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla eydouxii Sauvage 1878. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Philippines. Habitat: marine.

fagianus, Trigla Rafinesque [C. S.] 1810:32, Pl. 6 (fig. 2) [Caratteri di alcuni nuovi generi e nuove specie di animali e piante della Sicilia; ref. 3594] Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. Also appeared in Rafinesque 1810:28 [ref. 3595]. •Synonym of Trigla lyra Linnaeus 1758 -- (Parenti 2019:104 [ref. 37117]). Current status: Synonym of Trigla lyra Linnaeus 1758. Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

farrago, Bellator Richards [W. J.] & McCosker [J. E.] 1998:936, Figs. 1-3 [Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington v. 111 (no. 4); ref. 23599] Academy Bay, Isla Santa Cruz, Galápagos Islands. Holotype: CAS 54562. Paratypes: CAS 86564 (1), NMC 69-78 (2). •Valid as Bellator farrago Richards & McCosker 1998 -- (McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:191 [ref. 30957], Grove et al. 2022:21 [ref. 41326]). Current status: Valid as Bellator farrago Richards & McCosker 1998. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Galapagos Islands (Ecuador) endemic. IUCN (2023): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.

faurei, Lepidotrigla Gilchrist [J. D. F.] & Thompson [W. W.] 1914:75 [Annals of the South African Museum v. 13 (pt 3) (art. 5); ref. 14155] Off Tugela River mouth, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, southwestern Indian Ocean, depth 40 and 63 fathoms. Syntypes: (3) SAM 11803 (1) Pieter Faure station 11299, depth 40 fathoms; 2 not found. •Valid as Lepidotrigla faurei Gilchrist & Thompson 1914 -- (Richards & Saksena 1977:216 [ref. 5285], Heemstra 1986:487 [ref. 5660], Richards 1992:62 [ref. 20654], del Cerro & Lloris 1995:182 [ref. 22670], Randall 1995:114 [ref. 22896], Carpenter et al. 1997:139 [ref. 23922], Krupp et al. 2000:326 [ref. 25117], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S103 [ref. 27377], Psomadakis et al. 2015:189 [ref. 34104], Fricke et al. 2018:138 [ref. 35805], Eagderi et al. 2019:130 [ref. 37020], Richards 2022:607 [ref. 39730], Moazzam & Osmany 2023:575 [ref. 40712]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla faurei Gilchrist & Thompson 1914. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa) and East Africa to Madagascar; Persian Gulf east to Pakistan. Habitat: marine.

ferculum, Dixiphichthys Whitley [G. P.] 1952:32 [Proceedings of the Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales v. for 1950-51; ref. 4714] Palm Beach, New South Wales, Australia. Holotype: AMS IB.2718. The specific name ferculum is an indeclinable noun [Art. 34.2.1]. •Based on a juvenile triglid; status uncertain -- (Paxton et al. 1989:457 [ref. 12442]). •Synonym of Pterygotrigla macrorhynchus Kamohara 1936 -- (Richards 1999:2362 [ref. 24797], Paxton et al. 2006:928 [ref. 29074]). •Valid as Pterygotrigla ferculum (Whitley 1952) -- (Richards & Yato 2014:24 [ref. 33182] based on a juvenile) Current status: Valid as Pterygotrigla ferculum (Whitley 1952). Triglidae: Pterygotriglinae. Distribution: New South Wales, Australia. Habitat: marine.

filaris, Trigla Otto [A. W.] 1821:7 [Conspectus animalium quorundam maritimorum; ref. 4987] Naples, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Triglidae. Habitat: marine.

firmisquamis, Lepidotrigla Prokofiev [A. M.] & Yato [T.] 2020:374, Figs. 2-5, 6A [Zootaxa 4877 (no. 2); ref. 37898] Cang Ca Vinh Luong, Nha Trang Bay, South China Sea, Vietnam. Holotype: MNHN 2019-0259. Paratypes: AMS, BPBM, IORAS. •Valid as Lepidotrigla firmisquamis Prokofiev & Yato 2020. Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla firmisquamis Prokofiev & Yato 2020. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: South China Sea. Habitat: marine.

fowleri, Peristedion de Beaufort [L. F.] in de Beaufort & Briggs 1962:122 [Fishes Indo-Australian Archipelago v. 11; ref. 242] Replacement name for Nemaperistedion orientale Fowler 1938, secondarily preoccupied by Peristedion orientale Temminck & Schlegel 1843. •Synonym of Satyrichthys orientale (Fowler 1938) -- (Miller 1974:70 [ref. 23142]). •Synonym of Scalicus orientalis (Fowler 1938) -- (inferred from Kawai 2008:27 [ref. 29787], Kawai 2019:443 [ref. 36680]). Replacement Name. Current status: Synonym of Scalicus orientalis (Fowler 1938). Triglidae: Peristediinae. Habitat: marine.

frontalis, Prionotus Garman [S.] 1899:108 [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 24; ref. 1540] Gulf of Panama, 7°26'10"N, 79°53'50"W, Albatross station 3390, depth 56 fathoms. Holotype (unique): MCZ 30778. •Synonym of Bellator loxias (Jordan 1897) -- (Miller & Richards 1991:645 [ref. 15980], Miller & Richards 1991:761 [ref. 15981]). Current status: Synonym of Bellator loxias (Jordan 1897). Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: marine.

gabonensis, Trigla Poll [M.] & Roux [C.] 1955:1, Fig. [Bulletin de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique v. 31 (no. 43); ref. 12468] Off Angola coast, 5°52'S, 11°43'30"E, depth 70 meters. Holotype: IRSNB 380. Paratypes: (62) IRSNB 381-396 (1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 6, 1, 1, 1, 2, 9, 6, 1), MRAC 127198-220 (23). Type catalog: Walschaerts 1987:25 [ref. 20755], Derijst 1991:71 [ref. 21528]. •Valid as Chelidonichthys gabonensis (Poll & Roux 1955) -- (Richards 1968:98 [ref. 7911], Richards & Saksena 1990:681 [ref. 17757], Wirtz et al. 2013:122 [ref. 32972], Richards 2016:2304 [ref. 35044], Almeida & Alves 2019:273 [ref. 37509], Reiner 2019:160 [ref. 38139], Fermon et al. 2022:293 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Chelidonichthys gabonensis (Poll & Roux 1955). Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Eastern Atlantic: Senegal south to Angola, including Cape Verde Islands, and São Tomé and Principe. Habitat: marine.

garrulus, Trigla Risso [A.] 1824:299 [Bulletin des Sciences Naturelles et de Géologie (Férussac), Paris v. 2; ref. 26460] Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Triglidae. Habitat: marine.

gilberti, Peristedion Jordan [D. S.] 1921:655, Fig. 8b [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 59 (no. 2392); ref. 2419] Off lava flow from Mauna Loa, Alika, Kau District, Hawaii Island, Hawaiian Islands. Holotype: USNM 84102. Paratypes: FMNH 55189 (1), CAS-SU 8523 (6). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:124 [ref. 12291], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:64 [ref. 12367]. Based on Peristedion engyceros of Gilbert 1905:639 [ref. 1631]. •Synonym of Satyrichthys hians (Gilbert & Cramer 1897) -- (Mundy 2005:335 [ref. 28379]). •Valid as Scalicus gilberti (Jordan 1921) -- (Kawai 2008:27 [ref. 29787]). •Synonym of Scalicus engyceros (Günther 1872) -- (Kawai 2019:439 [ref. 36680]). Current status: Synonym of Scalicus engyceros (Günther 1872). Triglidae: Peristediinae. Habitat: marine.

gomoni, Pterygotrigla Last [P. R.] & Richards [W. J.] 2012:40, Figs. 1-2 [Zootaxa No. 3195; ref. 31796] Western Australia, 230 kilometers northwest of Beagle Bay, 15°30'S, 120°58'E, depth 280-320 meters. Holotype: WAM P 26270-004. Paratypes: WAM P 26270-04 (2). •Valid as Pterygotrigla gomoni Last & Richards 2012 -- (Richards & Yato 2012:62 [ref. 32168]). Current status: Valid as Pterygotrigla gomoni Last & Richards 2012. Triglidae: Pterygotriglinae. Distribution: Western Australia (types). Habitat: marine.

gonotus, Trigla Rafinesque [C. S.] 1810:32, Pl. 6 (fig. 3) [Caratteri di alcuni nuovi generi e nuove specie di animali e piante della Sicilia; ref. 3594] Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Also appeared in Rafinesque 1810:28 [ref. 3595]. •Questionably a synonym of Trigloporus lastoviza (Brünnich 1768) -- (Blanc & Hureau 1973:590 [ref. 7218]). •Synonym of Lepidotrigla cavillone (Lacepède 1801) -- (Richards 1968:102 [ref. 7911], Richards 2016:2312 [ref. 35044], Parenti 2019:104 [ref. 37117]). Current status: Synonym of Lepidotrigla cavillone (Lacepède 1801). Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

gracile, Peristedion Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.] 1896:473, Pl. 114 (fig. 387) [Special Bulletin U. S. National Museum No. 2; ref. 1848] Gulf of Mexico, 28°38'30"N, 85°52'30"W, Albatross station 2401, depth 142 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 39319. •Valid as Peristedion gracile Goode & Bean 1896 -- (Burgess et al. 1980:79 [ref. 41504], Uyeno & Sato in Uyeno et al. 1983:449 [ref. 14275], Robins & Ray 1986:278 [ref. 23100], Boschung 1992:99 [ref. 23239], Miller & Richards 2003:1282 [ref. 27050], Moore et al. 2003:222 [ref. 27076], Nelson et al. 2004:117 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:76 [ref. 28815], Kawai 2008:24 [ref. 29787], Page et al. 2013:120 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:181 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Peristedion gracile Goode & Bean 1896. Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Massachusetts south to Florida (U.S.A.), including Gulf of Mexico (U.S.A., Mexico). IUCN (2015): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.

grandis, Lepidotrigla Ogilby [J. D.] 1910:122 [On some new fishes from the Queensland coast; ref. 3289] Off Cape Moreton, Queensland, Australia, depth 73 fathoms. Syntypes: (7) AMS I.12512 (1 or 7, not found); QM I.11 (1), QM I.1559 (1). For remarks on types see Imamura & Hoese 2020:[9] [ref. 37793]. •Valid as Lepidotrigla grandis Ogilby 1910 -- (Paxton et al. 1989:455 [ref. 12442], Richards 1992:62 [ref. 20654], Kuiter 1993:110 [ref. 23929], del Cerro & Lloris 1997:103 [ref. 22944], Paxton et al. 2006:924 [ref. 29074], Fricke et al. 2011:380 [ref. 31242]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla grandis Ogilby 1910. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Australia, New Caledonia. Habitat: marine.

greyae, Peristedion Miller [G. C.] 1967:27, Figs. 5-6 [Bulletin of Marine Science v. 17 (no. 1); ref. 7978] West Atlantic, off southeastern U.S.A., 29°40'N, 80°11'W, depth 165 meters. Holotype: USNM 198124. Paratypes: (59) AMS IB.7246-47 (1, 1); ANSP 101601-02 (1, 1); BMNH 1964.8.31.1-2 (1, 1); CUMB 47245 (3); FMNH 66701-02 (1, 1); Indian Mus. Calcutta (1, 1); IRSNB I.G.23153 461-462 (1, 1); MCZ 43031-32 (1, 1); MNHN 1964-0286 to 0287 (1, 1); MNRJ 9746-47 (1, 1); RMNH 24871-72 (1, 1); CAS-SU 62138 (3); TABL (2, 5); TU 33302 (2); UF 19327-28 (2, 5), 214796 [ex UMML 14796] (3); UMMZ 181426 (3); USNM 198125-26 (5, 4), 202539 [ex UW] (3); UW 17776 (3); YPM 4493-94 (1, 1). Type catalog: Blanc & Hureau 1968:32 [ref. 20738], Suttkus 1970:128 [ref. 20861], Gilbert 1974:112 [ref. 21035], Böhlke 1984:163 [ref. 13621], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:64 [ref. 12367], Walschaerts 1987:24 [ref. 20755], Bart & Taylor 1993:66 [ref. 20906]. •Valid as Peristedion greyae Miller 1967 -- (Miller & Richards 2003:1282 [ref. 27050], Moore et al. 2003:222 [ref. 27076], Nelson et al. 2004:117 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:77 [ref. 28815], Kawai 2008:24 [ref. 29787], Page et al. 2013:120 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:181 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Peristedion greyae Miller 1967. Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

grisescens, Prionotus Teague [G. W.] 1951:14, Pl. 1 (figs. 1-2) [Comunicaciones Zoologicas del Museo de Historia Natural de Montevideo v. 3 (no. 61); ref. 12924] Tortugas Islands, Florida, Gulf of Mexico, U.S.A. Holotype: USNM 117269. Paratypes: USNM 111980 (11). •Questionably a synonym of Prionotus ophryas Jordan & Swain 1885 -- (Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981]). Current status: Uncertain as Prionotus ophryas Jordan & Swain 1885. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

grunniens, Trigla Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1801:340, 359 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 3; ref. 2710] Mediterranean Sea. No types known. •Synonym of Chelidonichthys gurnardus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Richards 1968:88 [ref. 7911]). •Synonym of Aspitrigla cuculus Linnaeus 1758 -- (Blanc & Hureau 1973:587 [ref. 7218]). •Synonym of Eutrigla gurnardus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Richards 2016:2309 [ref. 35044]). Current status: Synonym of Eutrigla gurnardus (Linnaeus 1758). Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

guentheri, Lepidotrigla Hilgendorf [F. M.] 1879:106 [Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin 1879; ref. 21467] Tokyo, Japan. Holotype (unique): ZMB 10626. Type catalog: Paepke & Fricke 1992:276 [ref. 19946]. Original as güntheri. •Valid as Lepidotrigla guentheri Hilgendorf 1879 -- (Ochiai & Yatou in Masuda et al. 1984:333 [ref. 6441], Yatou in Okamura et al. 1985:577, 722 [ref. 8056], Lindberg & Krasyukova 1987:101 [ref. 15964], Richards 1992:62 [ref. 20654], Nakabo 2000:608 [ref. 25086], Lee 2000:5 [ref. 25174], Shinohara et al. 2001:315 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:608 [ref. 26001], Choi et al. 2003:253, 567 [ref. 26218], Shinohara et al. 2005:426 [ref. 28370], Shinohara et al. 2011:43 [ref. 31715], Shinohara et al. 2014:246 [ref. 33300], Gomon & Psomadakis 2018:76 [ref. 35752], Gomon & Kawai 2018:650 [ref. 36285], Miyazaki et al. 2019:123 [ref. 37957], Kim et al. 2020:97 [ref. 39118], Prokofiev & Yato 2020:384 [ref. 37898], Sonoyama et al. 2020:48 [ref. 37637]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla guentheri Hilgendorf 1879. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific: Taiwan and East China Sea north to Korea and Japan. Habitat: marine.

guezei, Pterygotrigla Fourmanoir [P.] in Fourmanoir & Guézé 1963:18, Fig. 4 [Publications de l'Institut de Recherche Scientifique de Madascar No. 6; ref. 21558] Réunion, western Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1965-0067. Type catalog: Blanc & Hureau 1968:34 [ref. 20738]. Originally as guézéi. •Valid as Pterygotrigla guezei Fourmanoir 1963 -- (Fricke 1999:169 [ref. 24106], Fricke et al. 2009:41 [ref. 30213], Last & Richards 2012:47 [ref. 31796], Richards & Yato 2012:59 [ref. 32168], Fricke et al. 2018:138 [ref. 35805]). Current status: Valid as Pterygotrigla guezei Fourmanoir 1963. Triglidae: Pterygotriglinae. Distribution: Madagascar to western Mascarenes. Habitat: marine.

gurnardus, Trigla Linnaeus [C.] 1758:301 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] British seas. Syntypes: BMNH 1853.11.12.15 [Gronovius coll.] (1, skin), LS 18 (left half-skin plus parts), possibly also 19 and 20. Type catalog: Wheeler 1958:239 [ref. 13434], Wheeler 1985:44 [ref. 20705]. •Valid as Trigla gurnardus Linnaeus 1758 -- (Herrera 1896:64 [ref. 39336]). •Valid as Chelidonichthys gurnardus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Richards 1968:88 [ref. 7911], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:72 [ref. 26753], Fricke et al. 2007:77 [ref. 29533], Fricke 2008:25 [ref. 30182]). •Valid as Trigla gurnardus Linnaeus 1758 -- (Ninua & Japoshvili 2008:170 [ref. 31251]). •Valid as Euchelidonichthys gurnardus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Golani 2021:37 [ref. 38303]). •Valid as Eutrigla gurnardus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Blanc & Hureau 1973:588 [ref. 7218], Hureau in Whitehead et al. 1986:1233 [ref. 13677], Rusyaev & Shatsky 2001:265 [ref. 25406], Parin et al. 2002:S65 [ref. 28300], Fricke 2007:28 [ref. 30577], Vasil'eva 2007:82 [ref. 30517], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:40 [ref. 36649], Parin et al. 2014:226 [ref. 33547], Richards 2016:2309 [ref. 35044], Martins & Carneiro 2018:118 [ref. 36550], Artüz & Fricke 2019:555 [ref. 36612], Carneiro et al. 2019:235 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:96 [ref. 36864], Bariche & Fricke 2020:108 [ref. 37515], Kovačić et al. 2020:44 [ref. 37519], Bañón & Maño 2021:69 [ref. 38883], Kovačić et al. 2021:83 [ref. 39014]). Current status: Valid as Eutrigla gurnardus (Linnaeus 1758). Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Western Baltic Sea; North Sea; Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; Black Sea; eastern Atlantic: Norway and Iceland south to Morocco, including Azores and Madeira. Habitat: brackish, marine.

guttata, Trigla Philippi [R. A.] 1896:375 [Anales de la Universidad de Chile 93-95; ref. 3465] Juan Fernández Islands. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Pterygotrigla picta (Günther 1880) -- (del Cerro & Lloris 1997:115 [ref. 22944], Dyer & Westneat 2010:604 [ref. 31446]). Current status: Synonym of Pterygotrigla picta (Günther 1880). Triglidae: Pterygotriglinae. Habitat: marine.

gymnostethus, Prionotus Gilbert [C. H.] 1892:559 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 14 (no. 880); ref. 1626] Pacific coast of Baja California, 23°33'N, 110°37'W, Albatross station 2830, depth 66 fathoms. Lectotype: USNM 46674. Paralectotypes: CAS-SU 2458 (4), USNM 204924 (2). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:124 [ref. 12291]. Lectotype selected by Miller & Richards 1991 [ref. 15980]. •Valid as Bellator gymnostethus (Gilbert 1892) -- (Miller & Richards 1991:642 [ref. 15980], Miller & Richards 1991:761 [ref. 15981], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1993:88 [ref. 21807], Allen & Robertson 1994:102 [ref. 22193], Bussing & López S. 1994:86 [ref. 23101], Bussing in Fischer et al. 1995:1646 [ref. 22830], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:300 [ref. 24545], Richards & McCosker 1998:940 [ref. 23599], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:263 [ref. 24555], Nelson et al. 2004:116 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:81 [ref. 37547], Page et al. 2013:119 [ref. 32708], Robertson et al. 2020:142 [ref. 37769], Love et al. 2021:113 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:181 [ref. 40505], Siccha-Ramirez et al. 2023:375 [ref. 40816]). Current status: Valid as Bellator gymnostethus (Gilbert 1892). Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Pacific coast of southern Baja California Sur (Mexico) south to northern Peru, including Gulf of California (Mexico). Habitat: marine.

hafizi, Pterygotrigla (Otohime) Richards [W. J.], Yato [T.] & Last [P. R.] 2003:7, Figs. 1F, 9 [Smithiana. Publications in Aquatic Biodiversity Bull. 2; ref. 27122] Maldives, 6°18'N, 73°14'E, depth 230 meters. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1997.1.6.1. •Valid as Pterygotrigla hafizi Richards, Yato & Last 2003 -- (Last & Richards 2012:39 [ref. 31796], Yato & Heemstra 2019:197 [ref. 37164]). Current status: Valid as Pterygotrigla hafizi Richards, Yato & Last 2003. Triglidae: Pterygotriglinae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: Maldives. Habitat: marine.

halei, Peristethus Day [F.] (ex Haley) 1888:791 [The fishes of India Suppl.; ref. 1082] Galle, Sri Lanka. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. The description is quoted from Haley and authorship probably should also involve Haley. Status uncertain, in Satyrichthys; see Miller 1974:65 [ref. 23142]. Check spelling. •Valid as Peristedion halyi (Day 1888) -- (Richards 1999:2362 [ref. 24797], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122]). •Synonym of Satyrichthys laticeps (Schlegel 1848) -- (Kawai 2013:422 [ref. 32560] as halyi, Kawai & Richards 2022:612 [ref. 39731]). Current status: Synonym of Satyrichthys laticeps (Schlegel 1852). Triglidae: Peristediinae. Habitat: marine.

hamata, Trigla Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.] 1801:16 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] Spain. No types known. Based on the "Trigla, Hispanorum Chabrontera" of Osbeck 1770:101 [ref. 18497]. •Synonym of Eutrigla gurnardus (Linnaeus 1758). Current status: Synonym of Eutrigla gurnardus (Linnaeus 1758). Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

hemisticta, Trigla Temminck [C. J.] & Schlegel [H.] 1843:36, Pl. 14 (figs. 3-4), 14B [Fauna Japonica Parts 2-4; ref. 4371] Nagasaki, Japan. Lectotype: RMNH D695 (stuffed). Paralectotypes: RMNH 501 (1). Lectotype selected by Boeseman 1947:46 [ref. 12876]. •Valid as Pterygotrigla hemisticta (Temminck & Schlegel 1843) -- (Ochiai & Yatou in Masuda et al. 1984:334 [ref. 6441], Yatou in Okamura et al. 1985:581, 724 [ref. 8056], Lindberg & Krasyukova 1987:106 [ref. 15964], Allen & Swainston 1988:52 [ref. 25477], Paxton et al. 1989:456 [ref. 12442], Randall 1995:115 [ref. 22896], Khalaf et al. 1996:403 [ref. 23175], Mohsin & Ambak 1996:580 [ref. 27969], Allen 1997:80 [ref. 23977], Richards 1999:2373 [ref. 24797], Nakabo 2000:605 [ref. 25086], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122], Lee 2000:2 [ref. 25174], Hutchins 2001:28 [ref. 25847], Shinohara et al. 2001:315 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:605 [ref. 26001], Choi et al. 2003:254, 568 [ref. 26218], Richards et al. 2003:7 [ref. 27122], Shinohara et al. 2005:426 [ref. 28370], Paxton et al. 2006:928 [ref. 29074], Last & Richards 2012:39 [ref. 31796], Larson et al. 2013:88 [ref. 32988] dated 1844, Motomura et al. 2015:18 [ref. 34709], Golani & Fricke 2018:58 [ref. 36273], Yato & Heemstra 2019:197 [ref. 37164], Psomadakis et al. 2020:370 [ref. 37272], Roy et al. 2023:[6] [ref. 40498]). Current status: Valid as Pterygotrigla hemisticta (Temminck & Schlegel 1843). Triglidae: Pterygotriglinae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean, western Pacific: Myanmar east to Philippines, north to Japan, south to northern Australia. Habitat: marine.

hians, Peristedion Gilbert [C. H.] & Cramer [F.] 1897:419, Pl. 41 (figs. 1-2) [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 19 (no. 1114); ref. 1635] Hawaiian Islands, 21°12'00"N, 157°49'00"W, Albatross station 3472, depth 295-343 fathoms. Lectotype: USNM 47730. Paralectotypes: (11) MCZ 35964 [ex USNM 47730] (1), CAS-SU 4921 (4), USNM 203099 [ex 47730] (5). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:124 [ref. 12291]. Lectotype selected by Miller but apparently not published. See Miller 1974:70 [ref. 23142]. Lectotype selected by Kawai 2019:443 [ref. 36680]. •Valid as Satyrichthys hians (Gilbert & Cramer 1897) -- (Yatou in Okamura et al. 1982:285, 399 [ref. 8256], Ochiai & Yatou in Masuda et al. 1984:335 [ref. 6441], Richards 1999:2362 [ref. 24797], Nakabo 2000:612 [ref. 25086], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122], Shinohara et al. 2001:317 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:612 [ref. 26001], Shinohara et al. 2005:427 [ref. 28370], Mundy 2005:335 [ref. 28379], Randall 2007:181 [ref. 30952]). •Valid as Scalicus hians (Gilbert & Cramer 1897) -- (Kawai 2008:27 [ref. 29787], Kawai 2019:441 [ref. 36680], Fricke 2020:5 [ref. 37565], Su et al. 2024:136 [ref. 41224]). Current status: Valid as Scalicus hians (Gilbert & Cramer 1897). Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: South Africa and East Africa east to Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.), north to Taiwan and southern Japan. Habitat: marine.

hime, Lepidotrigla Matsubara [K.] & Hiyama [J.] 1932:36, Fig. 13 [Journal of the Imperial Fisheries Institute v. 28 (no. 1); ref. 16501] Misaki, Japan. Holotype: FAKU 13 (lost). •Synonym of Lepidotrigla abyssalis Jordan & Starks 1902 -- (Lindberg & Krasyukova 1987:102 [ref. 15964]). •Valid as Lepidotrigla hime Matsubara & Hiyama 1932 -- (Ochiai & Yatou in Masuda et al. 1984:334 [ref. 6441], Yatou in Okamura et al. 1985:579, 723 [ref. 8056], Richards 1992:62 [ref. 20654], Lee & Sasaki 1997:170 [ref. 25733], Nakabo 2000:609 [ref. 25086], Lee 2000:8 [ref. 25174], Shinohara et al. 2001:315 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:609 [ref. 26001], Choi et al. 2003:253, 567 [ref. 26218], Shinohara et al. 2005:426 [ref. 28370], Motomura et al. 2017:70 [ref. 35490], Kim et al. 2020:97 [ref. 39118], Sonoyama et al. 2020:48 [ref. 37637], Prokofiev & Yato 2020:384 [ref. 37898]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla hime Matsubara & Hiyama 1932. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific: Korea and Japan to South China Sea, Taiwan. Habitat: marine.

hirundo, Trigla Linnaeus [C.] 1758:301 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Atlantic. Syntypes: LS 22-23 (2, left half-skins, poor condition). Type catalog: Wheeler 1985:45 [ref. 20705]. Richards 1968:94 [ref. 7911] serves as first reviser, selecting lucernus over hirundo. •Valid as Trigla hirundo Linnaeus 1758 -- (Herrera 1896:64 [ref. 39336]). •Questionably a synonym of Aspitrigla obscura (Walbaum 1792) -- (Blanc & Hureau 1973:588 [ref. 7218]). •Synonym of Chelidonichthys lucernus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Richards 1968:94 [ref. 7911]). •Synonym of Chelidonichthys lucerna (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:73 [ref. 26753], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:39 [ref. 36649], Richards 2016:2306 [ref. 35044]). Current status: Synonym of Chelidonichthys lucerna (Linnaeus 1758). Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

hoplites, Dixiphichthys Fowler [H. W.] 1938:120, Fig. 57 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 85 (no. 3032); ref. 1426] Off Port Tagolo Light, vicinity of northern Mindanao, Philippines, 8°46'00"N, 123°32'30"E, Albatross station D.5516, depth 175 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 98874. Paratypes: USNM 98982 (1). •Valid as Pterygotrigla hoplites (Fowler 1938) -- (Richards 1999:2374 [ref. 24797], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122], Hutchins 2001:28 [ref. 25847], Paxton et al. 2006:928 [ref. 29074], Last & Richards 2012:39 [ref. 31796], Larson et al. 2013:88 [ref. 32988], Richards & Yato 2014:24 [ref. 33182]). Current status: Valid as Pterygotrigla hoplites (Fowler 1938). Triglidae: Pterygotriglinae. Distribution: Philippines and Australia. Habitat: marine.

horrens, Prionotus Richardson [J.] 1844:no p., Pl. 42 (figs. 1-3) [Ichthyology.--Part 1. The zoology of the voyage of H. M. S. Sulphur; ref. 3739] Gulf of Fonseca [Honduras, eastern Pacific]. Syntypes: BMNH 1855.9.19.83-85. Available from plate. Text in Richardson 1845:79 [ref. 20574]. •Valid as Prionotus horrens Richardson 1844 -- (Hiyama in Kumada 1937:56 [ref. 39147], Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981], Allen & Robertson 1994:103 [ref. 22193], Bussing & López S. 1994:86 [ref. 23101], Bussing in Fischer et al. 1995:1647 [ref. 22830], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:300 [ref. 24545], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:265 [ref. 24555], Nelson et al. 2004:117 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:81 [ref. 37547], Page et al. 2013:120 [ref. 32708], González-Murcia et al. 2019:306 [ref. 36544], Love et al. 2021:114 [ref. 39279], Siccha-Ramirez et al. 2023:377 [ref. 40816], Page et al. 2023:182 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Prionotus horrens Richardson 1844. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Pacific coast of southern Baja California Sur (Mexico) south to Peru, including Gulf of California (Mexico). IUCN (2010): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.

hyrax, Trigla Pallas [P. S.] 1814:233 [Zoographia Rosso-Asiatica v. 3; ref. 3351] Black Sea. No types known. •Synonym of Aspitrigla obscura [? authorship] -- (Blanc & Hureau 1973:588 [ref. 7218]). •Synonym of Chelidonichthys lucerna (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Richards 1968:94 [ref. 7911] as Lucenus, Parin et al. 2002:S65 [ref. 28300], Parin et al. 2014:225 [ref. 33547], Richards 2016:2306 [ref. 35044]). Current status: Synonym of Chelidonichthys lucerna (Linnaeus 1758). Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

imberbe, Pterystedion Poey [F.] 1861:367, 387 [Memorias sobre la historia natural de la Isla de Cuba v. 2; ref. 3499] Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 13566. Type catalog: Howell Rivero 1938:207 [ref. 22926]. Original genus should have been Peristedion; original genus misspelled. •Valid as Peristedion imberbe Poey 1861 -- (Miller & Richards 2003:1283 [ref. 27050], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:78 [ref. 28815], Page et al. 2023:182 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Peristedion imberbe Poey 1861. Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

indicum, Peristedium Brauer [A.] 1906:299 [Die Tiefsee-Fische v. 15; ref. 632] East coast of Africa, 0°27'04"S, 42°47'03"E, Somali, depth 638 meters. Syntypes: (5, 3 lost) ZMB 17691 (2). Type catalog: Paepke & Fricke 1992:278 [ref. 19946]. •Synonym of Paraheminodus murrayi (Günther 1880) -- (Kawai 2011:67 [ref. 31142]). Current status: Synonym of Paraheminodus murrayi (Günther 1880). Triglidae: Peristediinae. Habitat: marine.

intermedica, Pterygotrigla (Otohime) Roy [S.], Ray [D.], Mishra [A.], Mishra [S. S.] & Mohapatra [A.] 2023:[2], Figs. 1-3 [Thalassas: An International Journal of Marine Sciences In press; ref. 40498] Digha Mohana fishing harbour, West Bengal, India, 21°0'30.13"N, 88°7'2.64"E. Holotype: EBRC/ZSI F12676. Paratypes: EBRC/ZSI F12688 (22), ZSI F14612/2 (1). •Valid as Pterygotrigla intermedica Roy, Ray, Mishra, Mishra & Mohapatra 2023. Current status: Valid as Pterygotrigla intermedica Roy, Ray, Mishra, Mishra & Mohapatra 2023. Triglidae: Pterygotriglinae. Distribution: Indian Ocean: off Digha, northern part of Bay of Bengal, West Bengal, India. Habitat: marine.

investigatoris, Peristethus Alcock [A. W.] 1898:152 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 2 (no. 8) (art. 22); ref. 92] Andaman Sea [eastern Indian Ocean], Investigator, depth 188-220 fm, and depth 405 fathoms. Syntypes: BMNH 1897.7.13.2 [ex ZSI F13039] (1); ZSI F13037-38 (2) depth 188-220 fathoms. Type catalog: Menon & Yazdani 1968:156 [ref. 20743], Menon and Rama-Rao 1970:377 [ref. 27516] with wrong original genus, Menon & Rama-Rao 1975:43 [ref. 22148]. See Miller 1974:70 [ref. 23142]. Figured in Alcock 1899: Pl. 25 (figs. 1, 1a) [ref. 20535]. •Valid as Peristedion investigatoris (Alcock 1898) -- (Richards 1999:2362 [ref. 24797] as Persitedion, Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122]). •Valid as Satyrichthys investigatoris (Alcock 1898) -- (Heemstra 1982:292 [ref. 5416], Heemstra 1986:489 [ref. 5660], Adam et al. 1998:11 [ref. 23610], Hutchins 2001:28 [ref. 25847] as cf. investigatoris, Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S103 [ref. 27377], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:152 [ref. 28072], Fricke et al. 2009:42 [ref. 30213]). •Valid as Scalicus investigatoris (Alcock 1898) -- (Kawai 2008:27 [ref. 29787], Kawai et al. 2017:27 [ref. 37786], Psomadakis et al. 2020:371 [ref. 37272]). •Synonym of Scalicus hians (Gilbert & Cramer 1897) -- (Kawai 2019:441 [ref. 36680], Fricke 2020:5 [ref. 37565]). Current status: Synonym of Scalicus hians (Gilbert & Cramer 1897). Triglidae: Peristediinae. Habitat: marine.

ischyrus, Chelidonichthys Jordan [D. S.] & Thompson [W. F.] 1914:282, Pl. 35 (fig. 1) [Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum v. 6 (no. 4); ref. 2543] Sagami Bay, Japan. Holotype: FMNH 57517 [ex CM 6459]. Type catalog: Henn 1928:94 [ref. 12305], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:23 [ref. 12367]. •Valid as Chelidonichthys ischyrus Jordan & Thompson 1914 -- (Ochiai & Yatou in Masuda et al. 1984:333 [ref. 6441], Nakabo 2000:606 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:606 [ref. 26001]). Current status: Valid as Chelidonichthys ischyrus Jordan & Thompson 1914. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Western North Pacific. Habitat: marine.

isokawae, Satyrichthys Yatou [T.] & Okamura [O.] in Okamura et al. 1985:587, Pl. 365 [Fishes of the Okinawa Trough and the adjacent waters; ref. 8056] Okinawa Trough, 25°44.5'N, 124°03.5'E, depth 220 meters. Holotype (unique): BSKU 29614. •Valid as Satyrichthys isokawae Yatou & Okamura 1985 -- (Richards 1999:2362 [ref. 24797], Nakabo 2000:613 [ref. 25086], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122], Shinohara et al. 2001:317 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:613 [ref. 26001], Shinohara et al. 2005:427 [ref. 28370], Kawai 2008:26 [ref. 29787], Ho et al. 2009:32 [ref. 21217]). •Synonym of Satyrichthys moluccense (Bleeker 1851) -- (del Cerro & Lloris 1997:96 [ref. 22944], Kawai 2013:432 [ref. 32560]). •Synonym of Satyrichthys moluccensis (Bleeker 1851). Current status: Synonym of Satyrichthys moluccensis (Bleeker 1850). Triglidae: Peristediinae. Habitat: marine.

jacad, Pterygotrigla Richards [W. J.] & Yato [T.] 2014:25, Figs. 2A-C [Zootaxa 3768 (no. 1); ref. 33182] Saya de Malha Bank, 11°43'S 61°18'E, Indian Ocean, depth 240-241 meters, Holotype: USNM 393315. Paratypes: CSIRO H 6664-01 (1), SAIAB 72786 (1). •Valid as Pterygotrigla jacad Richards & Yato 2014. Current status: Valid as Pterygotrigla jacad Richards & Yato 2014. Triglidae: Pterygotriglinae. Distribution: Indian Ocean: Saya de Malha Bank and Nazareth Bank. Habitat: marine.

jamaicensis, Prionotus Teague [G. W.] 1951:48, Pl. 3 (figs. 4-5) [Comunicaciones Zoologicas del Museo de Historia Natural de Montevideo v. 3 (no. 61); ref. 12924] Jamaica. Holotype: USNM 30114. Paratypes: (1) USNM 30114 [ex Kingston Public Mus.]. •Synonym of Prionotus punctatus (Bloch 1793) -- (Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981]). Current status: Synonym of Prionotus punctatus (Bloch 1793). Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

japonica, Lepidotrigla Nyström [E.] 1887:23 [Bihang till Kongl. Svenska vetenskaps-akademiens handlingar. Stockholm v. 13 (pt 4) No. 4; ref. 14475] Nagasaki, Japan. Holotype (unique): ZMUU 276. Type catalog: Wallin 1996:61 [ref. 32133]. Subjectively invalid; secondarily preoccupied by Trigla japonica Shaw 1803. •Replaced by and objective synonym of Lepidotrigla abyssalis Jordan & Starks 1904 -- (Lindberg & Krasyukova 1987:102 [ref. 15964], Richards 1992:62 [ref. 20654]). 2°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Lepidotrigla abyssalis Jordan & Starks 1904. Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: marine.

japonica, Trigla Shaw [G.] 1803:624 [General zoology or systematic natural history v. 4; ref. 4014] Japanese Sea. Unneeded new name for Trigla alata Houttuyn 1782; apparently independent of Lacepède 1801. Subjectively invalid; preoccupied in Lepidotrigla by Dactylopterus japonicus Lacepède 1801. •Synonym of Lepidotrigla alata (Houttuyn 1782). 2°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Lepidotrigla alata (Houttuyn 1782). Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: marine.

japonicus, Dactylopterus Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1801:335 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 3; ref. 2710] Japan. No types known. Unneeded new name for and objective synonym of Trigla alata Houttuyn 1782. Subjectively invalid; secondarily preoccupied in Lepidotrigla by Trigla japonica Shaw 1803. •Synonym of Lepidotrigla alata (Houttuyn 1782). 2°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Lepidotrigla alata (Houttuyn 1782). Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: marine.

japonicus, Heminodus Kamohara [T.] 1952:(3) 13, Fig. 1 [Japanese Journal of Ichthyology v. 2 (no. 1); ref. 12777] Mimase fish market, Kochi Prefecture, Japan. Holotype (unique): BSKU 948. Type catalog: Kamohara 1961:7 [ref. 19282]. •Valid as Heminodus japonicus Kamohara 1952 -- (Ochiai & Yatou in Masuda et al. 1984:335 [ref. 6441], Richards 1999:2362 [ref. 24797], Nakabo 2000:611 [ref. 25086], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122], Shinohara et al. 2001:317 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:611 [ref. 26001]). •Synonym of Heminodus philippinus Smith 1917 -- (Kawai 2008:22 [ref. 29787]). Current status: Synonym of Heminodus philippinus Smith 1917. Triglidae: Peristediinae. Habitat: marine.

japonicus, Prionotus Bleeker [P.] 1854:398 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 6 (no. 2); ref. 13964] Nagasaki, Japan. Syntypes: (3). Subjectively invalid; secondarily preoccupied in Lepidotrigla by Dactylopterus japonicus Lacepède 1801 and Trigla japonica Shaw 1803. Apparently a new name is needed for this species since all three names are considered congeneric or the two older names need to be suppressed. •Valid as Lepidotrigla japonica (Bleeker 1854) -- (Ochiai & Yatou in Masuda et al. 1984:333 [ref. 6441], Lindberg & Krasyukova 1987:100 [ref. 15964], Mohsin & Ambak 1996:579 [ref. 27969], Chen et al. 1997:170 [ref. 26476] dated 1857, Richards 1999:2362 [ref. 24797], Nakabo 2000:607 [ref. 25086], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122], Lee 2000:5 [ref. 25174], Hutchins 2001:28 [ref. 25847] as cf. japonica, Shinohara et al. 2001:315 [ref. 25995], Choi et al. 2003:253, 567 [ref. 26218], Shinohara et al. 2005:426 [ref. 28370], Gomon & Kawai 2018:627 [ref. 36285] as cf. japonica, Imamura in Kimura et al. 2018:84 [ref. 36460], Sonoyama et al. 2020:48 [ref. 37637], Prokofiev & Yato 2020:384 [ref. 37898], Gloerfelt-Tarp & Kailola 2022:125 [ref. 41223] as sp. cf. japonica). 2°Homonym. Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla japonica (Bleeker 1854). Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Indonesia and South China Sea, Taiwan, north to Korea and Japan. Habitat: marine.

jimjoebob, Lepidotrigla Richards [W. J.] 1992:57, Figs. 4-6 [Bulletin of Marine Science v. 51 (no. 1); ref. 20654] Southwest of Christmas Atoll, Line Islands, Pacific, 1°50'S, 157°30'W, depth 183 meters. Holotype (unique): BPBM 24881. •Valid as Lepidotrigla jimjoebob Richards 1992 -- (Richards 1997:1058 [ref. 22983], Richards 1999:2362 [ref. 24797]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla jimjoebob Richards 1992. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Central Pacific. Habitat: marine.

kamoharai, Paraheminodus Kawai [T.], Imamura [H.] & Nakaya [K.] 2004:126, Figs. 1-3 [Ichthyological Research v. 51 (no. 2); ref. 28009] 8°11.8'N, 117°58.0'E, Sulu Sea, Philippines, depth 285 meters. Holotype: BSKU 15243. Paratypes: BSUK 15242 (1), 15244 (1). •Valid as Paraheminodus kamoharai Kawai, Imamura & Nakaya 2004 -- (Kawai 2008:22 [ref. 29787], Kawai et al. 2008:377 [ref. 29893], Kawai 2011:70 [ref. 31142], Su et al. 2024:132 [ref. 41224]). Current status: Valid as Paraheminodus kamoharai Kawai, Imamura & Nakaya 2004. Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Philippines north to Taiwan. Habitat: marine.

kanagashira, Lepidotrigla Kamohara [T.] 1936:1007, Fig. 2 [Dobutsugaku Zasshi = Zoological Magazine Tokyo v. 48 (no. 12); ref. 13709] Mimase, Kochi Prefecture, Japan. Kamohara "neotype": BSKU 9529. Type catalog: Kamohara 1961:6 [ref. 19282] Neotype designation: Kamohara 1961:6 [ref. 19282] but the designation was not made in a revisory work and is invalid. •Valid as Lepidotrigla kanagashira Kamohara 1936 -- (Ochiai & Yatou in Masuda et al. 1984:333 [ref. 6441], Richards 1992:63 [ref. 20654], Richards 1999:2362 [ref. 24797], Nakabo 2000:608 [ref. 25086], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122], Lee 2000:7 [ref. 25174], Shinohara et al. 2001:315 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:608 [ref. 26001], Choi et al. 2003:253, 567 [ref. 26218], Shinohara et al. 2005:426 [ref. 28370], Kim et al. 2020:97 [ref. 39118]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla kanagashira Kamohara 1936. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

kikingeri, Satyrichthys Pogoreutz [C.], Vitecek [S.] & Ahnelt [H.] 2013:153, Fig. 2 [Zootaxa 3694 (no. 2); ref. 32813] Rasdhoo Atoll, Madivaru Channel, 4°15'52"N, 73°00'01.6"E, Maldives Archipelago (floating at surface). Holotype (unique): NMW 96546. •Valid as Satyrichthys kikingeri Pogoreutz, Vitecek & Ahnelt 2013. •Synonym of Satyrichthys laticeps (Schlegel 1852) -- (Kawai 2014:135 [ref. 33607], Kawai & Richards 2022:612 [ref. 39731]). Current status: Synonym of Satyrichthys laticeps (Schlegel 1852). Triglidae: Peristediinae. Habitat: marine.

kishinouyi, Lepidotrigla Snyder [J. O.] 1911:543 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 40 (no. 1836); ref. 4152] Kagoshima, Japan. Holotype: USNM 68241. Paratypes: CAS-SU 21427 (1), USNM 74584 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:124 [ref. 12291]. The original spelling was kishinouyi but named after Dr. K. Kishinouye; usually seen as kishinouyei, but it is assumed that for phonetic reasons, Snyder chose the spelling kishinouyi. •Valid as Lepidotrigla kishinouyi Snyder 1911 -- (Ochiai & Yatou in Masuda et al. 1984:334 [ref. 6441] as kishinouyei, Lindberg & Krasyukova 1987:104 [ref. 15964] as kishinouyei, Richards 1992:62 [ref. 20654], Lee & Sasaki 1997:171 [ref. 25733] as kishinouyei, Nakabo 2000:609 [ref. 25086] as kishinouyei, Lee 2000:6 [ref. 25174], Shinohara et al. 2001:315 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:609 [ref. 26001] as kishinouyei, Choi et al. 2003:254, 568 [ref. 26218] as kishinouyei, Shinohara et al. 2005:426 [ref. 28370] as kishinouyei, Kim et al. 2020:97 [ref. 39118], Sonoyama et al. 2020:48 [ref. 37637]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla kishinouyi Snyder 1911. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific: Taiwan and China to Korea and Japan. Habitat: marine.

kochiensis, Paraheminodus Kamohara [T.] 1957:78, Fig. 1 [Japanese Journal of Ichthyology v. 6 (nos 4-6); ref. 12076] Mimase fish market, Kochi Prefecture, Japan. Holotype: BSKU 7265. Paratypes: (5) BSKU 1566 (1), 1611 (1), 4598 (1), 7398 (1). Type catalog: Kamohara 1961:7 [ref. 19282]. •Synonym of Paraheminodus murrayi (Günther 1880) -- (Kawai et al. 2004:74 [ref. 27599], Kawai et al. 2004:126 [ref. 28009], Kawai 2011:70 [ref. 31142]). Current status: Synonym of Paraheminodus murrayi (Günther 1880). Triglidae: Peristediinae. Habitat: marine.

kumoides, Trigla Steindachner [F.] 1900:175 [Anzeiger der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 37 (no. 16) (for 21 June 1900); ref. 20498] New Zealand. Holotype (unique): UMB 163 [RK UMB 4565]. Type catalog: Wahlert 1955:325 [ref. 21527]. Species later illustrated and described in detail in Steindachner 1900:498 Pl. 1 (figs. 2-2a) [ref. 14892]; on p. 16 of separate. •Synonym of Chelidonichthys kumu (Cuvier 1829). Current status: Synonym of Chelidonichthys kumu (Cuvier 1829). Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

kumu, Trigla Cuvier [G.] (ex Lesson) 1829:50 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 4; ref. 998] New Zealand. Syntypes: MNHN 0000-6926 (1), 0000-6931 (1). Type catalog: Blanc & Hureau 1968:36 [ref. 20738]. Also appeared in Lesson 1831:214, Poissons Pl. 19 [ref. 2776]. Although Cuvier cites Pl. 19 of Lesson in a footnote, the fish plates were apparently issued with the fish text in 1830-31 [see remarks under Lesson 1831, ref. 2776, also see printed announcement for the series in the copy of this work at the California Academy of Sciences main library]. •Valid as Trigla kumu Cuvier 1829 -- (Lindberg & Krasyukova 1987:96 [ref. 15964]). •Valid as Chelidonichthys kumu (Cuvier 1829) -- (Hardy 1982:207 [ref. 8473], Heemstra 1982:292 [ref. 5416], Heemstra 1986:487 [ref. 5660], Paxton et al. 1989:454 [ref. 12442], Paulin et al. 1989:170 [ref. 24556], Yabe in Amaoka et al. 1990:235 [ref. 16024], Kuiter 1993:110 [ref. 23929], Francis 1993:160 [ref. 25479], Gomon et al. 1994:495 [ref. 22532], Chen et al. 1997:170 [ref. 26476], Cheng & Zhou 1997:420 [ref. 26385] with authorship as Lesson & Garnot 1830, Kuiter 1997:94 [ref. 25488], Richards 1999:2364 [ref. 24797], Sokolovskaya et al. 1998:9 [ref. 24670], Johnson 1999:728 [ref. 25471], Lee 2000:2 [ref. 25174], Wang et al. 2001:292 [ref. 26566] with authorship as Lesson & Garnot 1830, Hutchins 2001:28 [ref. 25847], Choi et al. 2003:253, 566 [ref. 26218] with authorship as Lesson & Garnot, Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:151 [ref. 28072], Mundy 2005:334 [ref. 28379], Paxton et al. 2006:922 [ref. 29074], Gomon & Last 2008:508 [ref. 30651], Struthers & Gomon 2015:1108 [ref. 34286], Richards 2022:604 [ref. 39730], Luo et al. 2024:9 [ref. 41630]). Current status: Valid as Chelidonichthys kumu (Cuvier 1829). Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Southeastern Indian Ocean, southwestern Pacific: Australia to Lord Howe Island and New Zealand. Records from other areas are probably misidentifications [ref. 34286]. Habitat: brackish, marine.

laevis, Trigla Montagu [G.] 1818:455 [Memoirs of the Wernerian Natural History Society, Edinburgh v. 2 (Pt. 2, art. 27); ref. 17785] Torcross, south coast of Devonshire, England. No types known. •Synonym of Chelidonichthys lucernus (Linnaeus 1758) (sic)-- (Richards 1968:94 [ref. 7911]). •Synonym of Chelidonichthys lucerna (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Richards 2016:2306 [ref. 35044]). Current status: Synonym of Chelidonichthys lucerna (Linnaeus 1758). Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

laevispinnis, Lepidotrigla Blache [J.] & Ducroz [J.] 1960:205, Fig. [Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Série 2) v. 32 (no. 3); ref. 11891] Off Pointe-Noire, Republic of the Congo, depth 80-100 meters. Syntypes: MNHN 1960-0184 through 1960-0200 (17). Type catalog: Blanc & Hureau 1968:31-32 [ref. 20738]. •Synonym of Lepidotrigla cadmani Regan 1915 -- (Richards 1968:102 [ref. 7911], Richards & Saksena 1990:683 [ref. 17757], Richards 2016:2310 [ref. 35044]). Current status: Synonym of Lepidotrigla cadmani Regan 1915. Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: marine.

larsoni, Lepidotrigla del Cerro [L.] & Lloris [D.] 1997:47, Figs. 1-5 [Scientia Marina v. 61 (no. 1); ref. 22811] East of Dunk Island, Queensland, Australia, depth 220 meters. Holotype: NTM S-11746-024. Paratypes: AMS I-37166-001 (1); IIPB 1-1996 (1); NMV A-16823 (1); NTM-S-11746-033 (2). Type catalog: Allué et al. 2000:99 [ref. 30499]. Species named after Helen Larson, the correct species epithet would be larsonae. •Valid as Lepidotrigla larsoni del Cerro & Lloris 1997 -- (Paxton et al. 2006:924 [ref. 29074]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla larsoni del Cerro & Lloris 1997. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific: Queensland (Australia). Habitat: marine.

lastoviza, Trigla Bonnaterre [J. P.] (ex Brünnich) 1788:147 [Tableau encyclopédique et méthodique des trois règnes de la nature... Ichthyologie; ref. 4940] [Spalato] Split, Croatia, Adriatic Sea (Mediterranean Sea). No types known. Based on Trigla sp., with common name "lastoviza" in Brünnich 1768:99 [ref. 17290]; validly published by Bonnaterre. Note that Cuculus lineatus Pennant 1769 predates lastoviza, and if they are the same then this needs further investigation. Neotype designated by Fricke 1999:38 [ref. 24101], but withdrawn in Fricke 2000:639 [ref. 24537]. •Valid [author as Brünnich] as Chelidonichthys lastoviza (Richards 1968:86 [ref. 7911], Richards & Saksena 1990:681 [ref. 17757]). •Valid [authorship as Brünnich 1788] as Trigloporus lastoviza -- (Blanc & Hureau 1973:590 [ref. 7218], Richards & Saksena 1980:156 [ref. 23143], Heemstra 1982:293 [ref. 5416], Hureau in Whitehead et al. 1986:1237 [ref. 13677], Santos et al. 1997:79 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:117 [ref. 24952], Caputo & Sorice 1999:81 [ref. 25260], Fricke 1999:38 [ref. 24101], Golani 2005:34 [ref. 37112] dated 1768). •Valid as Trigloporus lastoviza (Bonnaterre 1788) -- (Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:72 [ref. 26753], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:40 [ref. 36649], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:96 [ref. 36864]). •Valid as Chelidonichthys lastoviza (Bonnaterre 1788) -- (Fricke et al. 2007:77 [ref. 29533], Richards 2016:2305 [ref. 35044], Martins & Carneiro 2018:115 [ref. 36550], Artüz & Fricke 2019:555 [ref. 36612], Carneiro et al. 2019:234 [ref. 37250], Reiner 2019:161 [ref. 38139], Bariche & Fricke 2020:109 [ref. 37515], Kovačić et al. 2020:44 [ref. 37519], Bañón & Maño 2021:69 [ref. 38883], Golani 2021:37 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:83 [ref. 39014], Fermon et al. 2022:293 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Chelidonichthys lastoviza (Bonnaterre 1788). Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; eastern Atlantic: Norway south to Gabon, including Azores (Portugal), Madeira (Portugal), Canary Islands (Spain), and São Tomé and Principe. Habitat: marine.

laticephalus, Satyrichthys Kamohara [T.] 1952:2, Fig. 3 [Research Reports of Kôchi University v. 1 (no. 6); ref. 12779] Off Mimase, Kochi Prefecture, Japan. Holotype (unique): BSKU 1612. Type catalog: Kamohara 1961:7 [ref. 19282]. See Miller 1974:70 [ref. 23142]. •Valid as Satyrichthys laticephalus Kamohara 1952 -- (Ochiai & Yatou in Masuda et al. 1984:335 [ref. 6441], Nakabo 2000:611 [ref. 25086], Shinohara et al. 2001:317 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:611 [ref. 26001]). •Valid as Paraheminodus laticephalus (Kamohara 1952) -- (Kawai et al. 2004:74 [ref. 27599], Kawai et al. 2004:126 [ref. 28009], Kawai 2008:22 [ref. 29787], Kawai et al. 2008:377 [ref. 29893], Kawai 2011:70 [ref. 31142]). Current status: Valid as Paraheminodus laticephalus (Kamohara 1952). Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: Western North Pacific: Japan. Habitat: marine.

laticeps, Peristedion Schlegel [H.] 1852:43, Pl. 1 [Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde v. 5; ref. 18697] Ambon Island, Molucca Islands, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): RMNH PISC.523. •Valid as Satyrichthys laticeps (Schlegel 1852) -- (Kawai 2013:419 [ref. 32560], Pogoreutz et al. 2013:153 [ref. 32813], Kawai 2014:135 [ref. 33607], Kawai et al. 2017:28 [ref. 37786], Motomura et al. 2017:71 [ref. 35490], Fricke et al. 2018:139 [ref. 35805], Fricke et al. 2019:106 [ref. 36673], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 29 [ref. 38321], Psomadakis et al. 2020:371 [ref. 37272], Gloerfelt-Tarp & Kailola 2022:127 [ref. 41223], Kawai & Richards 2022:612 [ref. 39731], Moazzam & Osmany 2023:561 [ref. 40712], Su et al. 2024:136 [ref. 41224]). Current status: Valid as Satyrichthys laticeps (Schlegel 1852). Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), Mozambique, Gulf of Aden, Saya de Malha Bank, Madagascar and Maldives east to New Ireland (Papua New Guinea), north to Taiwan and southern Japan. Habitat: marine.

latifrons, Prionotus scitulus Ginsburg [I.] 1950:504 [Texas Journal of Science v. 2 (no. 4); ref. 12953] Rockport, Texas, U.S.A. Holotype: USNM 118671. Paratypes: USNM 3215 (1), 5148 (1), 30195 (1), 44648 (1), 68615 (5), 118671 (1), 147802 (13), 155132-34 (1, 1, 1), 157460 (13), 157522-24 (1, 1, 1). •Synonym of Prionotus scitulus Jordan & Gilbert 1882, questionably a valid subspecies -- (Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981]). Current status: Synonym of Prionotus scitulus Jordan & Gilbert 1882. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: marine.

lepidojugulata, Lepidotrigla Li [S.-Z.] 1981:295, Figs. 1-2 [Zoological Research v. 2 (no. 4); ref. 20915] Guangshou City, Guangdong Province, northern South China Sea. Holotype: ASZIB [now NZMC] 41001. Paratypes: (59) 6 now at ASZIB [now NZMC] out of 33073-76, 33903-07, 34905-06. Type catalog: Zhang 1996:503 [ref. 24036], Ye et al. 2015:94 [ref. 33808]. •Valid as Lepidotrigla lepidojugulata Li 1981 -- (Richards 1992:62 [ref. 20654], Richards 1999:2362 [ref. 24797], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122], Larson et al. 2013:87 [ref. 32988], Ye et al. 2015:94 [ref. 33808]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla lepidojugulata Li 1981. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Western Pacific. Habitat: marine.

leptacanthus, Trigla Günther [A.] 1880:42, Pl. 18 (fig. B) [Report on the shore fishes procured during the voyage of H. M. S. Challenger in the years 1873-1876 v. 1 (pt 6); ref. 2011] Kai Islands, Challenger station 192, Indonesia, Banda Sea, depth 129 fathoms. Syntypes: BMNH 1879.5.14.271-272 (2), MNHN 1890-0107 (1), NMI block reg. no. 114.1899 (1). Type catalog: Blanc & Hureau 1968:36-37 [ref. 20738], Wheeler & O'Riordan 1969:99 [ref. 20752]. Misspelled in literature as Trigla triacanthus (not researched). •Valid as Pterygotrigla leptacanthus (Günther 1880) -- (Allen & Swainston 1988:52 [ref. 25477], Paxton et al. 1989:456 [ref. 12442], Allen 1997:80 [ref. 23977], Richards 1999:2375 [ref. 24797], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122], Paxton et al. 2006:928 [ref. 29074], Larson et al. 2013:88 [ref. 32988], Gloerfelt-Tarp & Kailola 2022:127 [ref. 41223]). Current status: Valid as Pterygotrigla leptacanthus (Günther 1880). Triglidae: Pterygotriglinae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean, western Pacific: eastern Indonesia and northern Australia. Habitat: marine.

leucoptera, Trigla Swainson [W.] 1839:422 [The natural history and classification v. 2; ref. 4303] Western coasts of Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. •Synonym of Lepidotrigla cavillone (Lacepède 1801) -- (Richards 1968:102 [ref. 7911], Richards 2016:2312 [ref. 35044]). Current status: Synonym of Lepidotrigla cavillone (Lacepède 1801). Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

lineata, Trigla Mitchill [S. L.] 1815:430, Pl. 4 (fig. 4) [Transactions of the Literary and Philosophical Society of New-York v. 1 (art. 5) (for 1814); ref. 13292] New York, U.S.A. No types known. Probably not an original description but an identification of Trigla lineata Gmelin 1789. •Valid as Trigla linata Mitchill 1815 -- (Herrera 1896:64 [ref. 39336]). •Synonym of Prionotus evolans (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981], Richards & Miller 2003:1273 [ref. 27049]). Current status: Synonym of Prionotus evolans (Linnaeus 1766). Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

lineata, Trigla Gmelin [J. F.] 1789:1345 [Caroli a Linné ... Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae v. 1 (pt 3); ref. 18139] Cornubiam. No types known. Based on literature sources. •Synonym of Trigloporus lastoviza (Brünnich 1768) [Bonnaterre 1788] -- (Hureau in Whitehead et al. 1986:1237 [ref. 13677]). •Synonym of Chelidonichthys lastoviza (Brünnich 1768 [Bonnaterre 1788]) -- (Richards 1968:86 [ref. 7911], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:72 [ref. 26753], Richards 2016:2305 [ref. 35044]). Current status: Synonym of Chelidonichthys lastoviza (Bonnaterre 1788). Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: marine.

lineatus, Cuculus Pennant [T.] 1769:237 [British zoology. 4 volumes v. 3; ref. 18527] Cornwall, England. No types known. See account of Trigla lastoviza. •Treated as a synonym of Trigloporus lastoviza (Pennant 1769 = Bonnaterre 1788) -- (Blanc & Hureau 1973:590 [ref. 7218]). •Synonym of Chelidonichthys lastoviza (Bonnaterre 1788). Current status: Synonym of Chelidonichthys lastoviza (Bonnaterre 1788). Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: marine.

lingi, Peristedion (Panichthys) picturatum Whitley [G. P.] 1933:97 [Records of the Australian Museum v. 19 (no. 1); ref. 4677] Off South Head of Sydney harbor, New South Wales, Australia, depth 85-90 fathoms. Holotype: AMS IA.5690. Paratypes: AMS IA.5810 (1). •Valid as Satyrichthys lingi (Whitley 1933) -- (Paxton et al. 1989:457 [ref. 12442], Gomon et al. 1994:505 [ref. 22532], Paxton et al. 2006:930 [ref. 29074], Kawai 2008:26 [ref. 29787], Gomon & Last 2008:515 [ref. 30651] with range restricted to eastern Australia, Kawai 2013:419, 435 [ref. 32560]). Current status: Valid as Satyrichthys lingi (Whitley 1933). Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: Japan, South China Sea, Philippines and Australia. Habitat: marine.

liorhynchus, Peristethus Günther [A.] 1872:663, Pl. 62 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1871 (pt 3) (art. 1) (for 21 Nov. 1871); ref. 1997] Manado, Sulawesi, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1871.7.20.53. •Valid as Peristedion liorhynchus (Günther 1872) -- (Yatou in Okamura et al. 1982:283, 399 [ref. 8256], Ochiai & Yatou in Masuda et al. 1984:335 [ref. 6441], Yatou in Okamura et al. 1985:583, 725 [ref. 8056], Allen & Swainston 1988:52 [ref. 25477], Paxton et al. 1989:456 [ref. 12442], Allen 1997:80 [ref. 23977], Richards 1999:2370 [ref. 24797], Nakabo 2000:610 [ref. 25086], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122], Hutchins 2001:28 [ref. 25847], Shinohara et al. 2001:317 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:610 [ref. 26001], Myers & Donaldson 2003:620 [ref. 27495] as Günther 1871, Shinohara et al. 2005:427 [ref. 28370], Paxton et al. 2006:926 [ref. 29074], Kawai 2008:24 [ref. 29787], Shao et al. 2008:247 [ref. 29952], Fricke et al. 2011:381 [ref. 31242], Ho et al. 2013:44 [ref. 33263], Ono & Kawai 2014:117 [ref. 35455], Kawai 2016:343 [ref. 34782], Fricke et al. 2017:100 [ref. 35629], Psomadakis et al. 2020:370 [ref. 37272], Sonoyama et al. 2020:49 [ref. 37637], Hata & Nakae 2021:7 [ref. 38457], Rajeeshkumar et al. 2021:2 [ref. 38602], Gloerfelt-Tarp & Kailola 2022:127 [ref. 41223], Su et al. 2024:136 [ref. 41224]). Current status: Valid as Peristedion liorhynchus (Günther 1872). Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean, western Pacific: southern India and Myanmar east to Philippines, north to southern Sea of Japan and Shizuoka Prefecture (Japan), south to northern Australia. Habitat: marine.

longiceps, Peristedion Fowler [H. W.] 1943:74, Fig. 16 [Bulletin of the United States National Museum No. 100, v. 14 (pt 2); ref. 1441] Off Tayabas Light, Marinduque Island and vicinity, Philippines, 13°46'45"N, 121°35'08"E, Albatross station 5374, depth 190 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 99516. •Valid as Satyrichthys longiceps (Fowler 1943) -- (Kawai 2008:26 [ref. 29787], Kawai 2013:419, 429 [ref. 32560], Pogoreutz et al. 2013:153 [ref. 32813], Kawai 2014:135 [ref. 33607]). Current status: Valid as Satyrichthys longiceps (Fowler 1943). Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: Philippines. Habitat: marine.

longicornutum, Peristedion Fricke [R.], Kawai [T.], Yato [T.] & Motomura [H.] 2017:92, Figs. 1-2 [Journal of the Ocean Science Foundation v. 28; ref. 35629] Western Pacific Ocean, Papua New Guinea, New Ireland Province, north of New Hanover, 2°15.61'S, 150°16.63'E - 2°14.519'S, 150°13.84'E, depth 450-474 meters. Holotype: NTUM 12297. Paratypes: ASIZP, HUMZ, KAUM, MNHN, NTUM. •Valid as Peristedion longicornutum Fricke, Kawai, Yato & Motomura 2017 -- (Fricke et al. 2019:106 [ref. 36673], Su et al. 2024:136 [ref. 41224]). Current status: Valid as Peristedion longicornutum Fricke, Kawai, Yato & Motomura 2017. Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: Western Pacific Ocean: Taiwan; Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands and Vanuatu. Habitat: marine.

longifaciata, Lepidotrigla Yatou [T.] 1981:263, Figs. 1-2 [Japanese Journal of Ichthyology v. 28 (no. 3); ref. 8524] Mimase, Kochi Prefecture, Tosa Bay, Japan. Holotype: BSKU 111143 [ex FAKOU 1143]. Paratypes: BSKU 29763 (1); BSKU [ex FAKOU] 111125 (1), 111127-28 (2), 111129 (1), 111132-35 (4), 111137-38 (2), 111139 (1), 111140 (1), 111141 (1), 111144-51 (8), 111154-55 (2), 111382 (1); NSMT-P 6902 (1). •Valid as Lepidotrigla longifaciata Yatou 1981 -- (Ochiai & Yatou in Masuda et al. 1984:334 [ref. 6441], Yatou in Okamura et al. 1985:579, 723 [ref. 8056], Richards 1992:62 [ref. 20654], Nakabo 2000:608 [ref. 25086], Shinohara et al. 2001:315 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:608 [ref. 26001], Shinohara et al. 2005:426 [ref. 28370], Prokofiev & Yato 2020:384 [ref. 37898], Jang et al. 2024:102 [ref. 40876]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla longifaciata Yatou 1981. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific: Taiwan north to southern Korea and Japan. Habitat: marine.

longimana, Lepidotrigla Li [S.-Z.] 1981:297, Figs. 3-4 [Zoological Research v. 2 (no. 4); ref. 20915] Lingshui Xian, Hainan Island, China. Holotype: ASZIB [now NZMC] 55524. Paratypes: ASZIB [now NZMC] 33072 (1), 33077 (1), 33078 (1), 47467-69 (3), 49072 (1). Type catalog: Zhang 1996:502 [ref. 24036], Ye et al. 2015:95 [ref. 33808]. •Valid as Lepidotrigla longimana Li 1981 -- (Richards 1992:62 [ref. 20654], Richards 1999:2362 [ref. 24797], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122], Ye et al. 2015:95 [ref. 33808]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla longimana Li 1981. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Western North Pacific. Habitat: marine.

longipennis, Prionotus scitulus var. Delsman [H. C.] 1941:75 [Mémoires du Musée royal d'histoire naturelle de Belgique (Ser. 2) No. 21; ref. 13171] West Atlantic, off Santa Margarita, Venezuela; Dry Tortugas; and coast of Florida, U.S.A. Syntypes: IRSNB 58-60 (1, 1, 7). Type catalog: Walschaerts 1987:24-25 [ref. 20755]. •Synonym of Prionotus roseus Jordan & Evermann 1887 -- (Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981]). Current status: Synonym of Prionotus roseus Jordan & Evermann 1887. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

longipinnis, Lepidotrigla spiloptera var. Alcock [A. W.] 1890:429 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 6) v. 6 (no. 36) (art. 52); ref. 86] Bay of Bengal, off Ganjam Coast, Bengal, Investigator station 78, depth 18 fathoms. Holotype (unique): ZSI F12925. Type catalog: Menon & Yazdani 1968:155 [ref. 20743], Menon & Rama-Rao 1975:43 [ref. 22148]. Figured in Alcock 1900: Pl. 31 (fig. 1) [ref. 20536] as Lepidotrigla longipinnis. Thought to be preoccupied by Lepidotrigla longipinnis [but actually longispinis] Steindachner & Döderlein 1887, incorrectly replaced by Lepidotrigla riggsi Richards & Saksena 1977:211 [ref. 5285]. •Synonym of Lepidotrigla spilopterus Günther 1880 -- (Dor 1984:89 [ref. 29757]). •Synonym of Lepidotrigla riggsi Richards & Saksena 1977 -- (Richards 1992:62 [ref. 20654]). •Valid as Lepidotrigla longipinnis Alcock 1890 -- (Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S103 [ref. 27377], Gomon & Psomadakis 2018:68 [ref. 35752], Gomon & Kawai 2018:631 [ref. 36285], Psomadakis et al. 2020:368 [ref. 37272], Richards 2022:608 [ref. 39730]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla longipinnis Alcock 1890. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Indian Ocean: west coast of India east to west coast of Sumatra (Indonesia), south to Lombok (Indonesia) Habitat: marine.

longirostralis, Paraheminodus Kawai [T.], Nakaya [K.] & Séret [B.] 2008:375, Fig. 1 [Ichthyological Research v. 55; ref. 29893] New Caledonia, 21°05.91'S, 167°12.63'E, depth 412-467 meters. Holotype: HUMZ 185306. Paratypes: HUMZ 185307 (1), 185308 (1), 105310 (1); NSMT-P 79585 (1). •Valid as Paraheminodus longirostralis Kawai, Nakaya & Séret 2008 -- (Kawai 2011:70 [ref. 31142], Fricke et al. 2011:381 [ref. 31242]). Current status: Valid as Paraheminodus longirostralis Kawai, Nakaya & Séret 2008. Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: Western South Pacific: Loyalty Islands (New Caledonia). Habitat: marine.

longispatha, Peristedium Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.] 1886:166 [Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 12 (no. 5); ref. 1844] Off Frederickstadt, Santa Cruz Island, West Indies, Blake station 129, depth 314 fathoms. Holotype: MCZ 28009. Paratypes: MCZ 28022 (1), 28089 (1); ?CAS-SU 9511 [ex USNM 44232] (1); USNM 44232 (8), 44673 (1), 46031 (1), 47648 (1), 153584 [ex MCZ 28088] (1). See Miller, G. 1967:36 [ref. 7978] for problems regarding locality information and types. Original genus should have been Peristedion. •Valid as Peristedion longispatha Goode & Bean 1886 -- (Miller 1967:36 [ref. 7978], Miller & Richards 2003:1283 [ref. 27050], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:79 [ref. 28815], Kawai 2008:24 [ref. 29787], Robertson et al. 2022:87 [ref. 39353], Page et al. 2023:182 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Peristedion longispatha Goode & Bean 1886. Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

longispinis, Lepidotrigla Steindachner [F.] & Döderlein [L.] 1887:262 [6], Pl. 4 (figs. 1-1a) [Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe. v. 53 (1. abth.); ref. 4249] Tokyo, Japan. Syntypes: (3 orig.) MZS 904 (1); NMW 11307-09 (1, 1, 1), 77236 (1); ?ZMB 12070 (1). Type catalog: Paepke & Fricke 1992:277 [ref. 19946]. Type information (MZS, ZMB) from Amaoka & Fujii 1999:160 [ref. 26515]. •Synonym of Lepidotrigla guentheri Hilgendorf 1879 -- (Lindberg & Krasyukova 1987:101 [ref. 15964] as longispinnis, Richards 1992:62 [ref. 20654]). Current status: Synonym of Lepidotrigla guentheri Hilgendorf 1879. Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: marine.

longispinosus, Prionotus Teague [G. W.] 1951:54, Pl. 4 (figs. 6-7) [Comunicaciones Zoologicas del Museo de Historia Natural de Montevideo v. 3 (no. 61); ref. 12924] Gulf of Mexico. Holotype (unique): AMNH 8189. •Valid as Prionotus longispinosus Teague 1951 -- (Robins & Ray 1986:280 [ref. 23100], Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981], Boschung 1992:100 [ref. 23239], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:243 [ref. 24550], Richards & Miller 2003:1273 [ref. 27049], Nelson et al. 2004:117 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:59 [ref. 28815], Page et al. 2013:120 [ref. 32708], Bagley et al. 2023:322 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:182 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Prionotus longispinosus Teague 1951. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: brackish, marine.

loxias, Prionotus Jordan [D. S.] in Gilbert 1897:452 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 19 (no. 1115); ref. 1629] Bay of Panama (Pacific), Albatross station 2805, depth 51.5 fathoms. Lectotype: USNM 47580. Paralectotypes: CAS-SU 165 (4); USNM 41399 (1), 41490 (1), 204922 [ex USNM 47580] (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:124 [ref. 12291]. Lectotype selected by Miller & Richards 1991:645 [ref. 15980]; original "holotype" lot contained more than one specimen. •Valid as Bellator loxias (Jordan 1897) -- (Miller & Richards 1991:645 [ref. 15980], Miller & Richards 1991:761 [ref. 15981], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1993:89 [ref. 21807], Bussing & López S. 1994:86 [ref. 23101], Bussing in Fischer et al. 1995:1646 [ref. 22830], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:299 [ref. 24023] [but see McCosker 1998:810 [ref. 24025]], Richards & McCosker 1998:940 [ref. 23599], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:264 [ref. 24555], Love et al. 2005:81 [ref. 37547], Page et al. 2013:119 [ref. 32708], Fourriére et al. 2016:457 [ref. 34668], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:608 [ref. 34923], Robertson et al. 2017:79 [ref. 35676], Robertson et al. 2020:142 [ref. 37769], Love et al. 2021:113 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:181 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Bellator loxias (Jordan 1897). Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Pacific coast of southern Baja California Sur (Mexico) south to northern Peru, including Gulf of California (Mexico) and Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). Habitat: marine.

lucerna, Trigla Linnaeus [C.] 1758:301 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Northern Ocean. Syntypes: BMNH 1853.11.12.16 [Gronovius coll.] (1, skin). Type catalog: Wheeler 1958:239 [ref. 13434]. Species epithet is apparently a noun and should not decline. •Valid as Trigla lucerna Linnaeus 1758 -- (Blanc & Hureau 1973:586 [ref. 7218], Hureau in Whitehead et al. 1986:1235 [ref. 13677], Caputo & Sorice 1999:81 [ref. 25260], Golani 2005:33 [ref. 37112], Fricke 2007:28 [ref. 30577], Ninua & Japoshvili 2008:170 [ref. 31251]). •Valid as Chelidonichthys lucernus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Richards 1968:94 [ref. 7911], Richards & Saksena 1990:682 [ref. 17757], Fricke et al. 2007:78 [ref. 29533], Vasil'eva 2007:82 [ref. 30517], Fricke 2008:25 [ref. 30182]). •Valid as Chelidonichthys lucerna (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:73 [ref. 26753], Parin et al. 2002:S65 [ref. 28300], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:39 [ref. 36649], Parin et al. 2014:225 [ref. 33547], Richards 2016:2306 [ref. 35044], Martins & Carneiro 2018:113 [ref. 36550], Artüz & Fricke 2019:555 [ref. 36612], Carneiro et al. 2019:235 [ref. 37250], Bariche & Fricke 2020:108 [ref. 37515], Kovačić et al. 2020:44 [ref. 37519], Abliazov et al. 2021:9 [ref. 38576], Bañón & Maño 2021:68 [ref. 38883], Golani 2021:37 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:83 [ref. 39014], Fermon et al. 2022:293 [ref. 39448] misidentified, Niță et al. 2022:135 [ref. 40471]). Current status: Valid as Chelidonichthys lucerna (Linnaeus 1758). Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Western Baltic Sea; North Sea; Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; Black Sea; eastern Atlantic: Norway south to Mauritania, including Madeira and Canary Islands. Habitat: brackish, marine.

lyra, Trigla Linnaeus [C.] 1758:300 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] British seas. No types known. Misspelled lira in Cabrera y Corro, Pérez & Hänseler 1817:8 [ref. 17319], see Graells 1887:182 [ref. 30438]. •Valid as Trigla lyra Linnaeus 1758 -- (Richards 1968:82 [ref. 7911], Blanc & Hureau 1973:586 [ref. 7218], Heemstra 1982:292 [ref. 5416], Hureau in Whitehead et al. 1986:1236 [ref. 13677], Heemstra 1986:488 [ref. 5660], Richards & Saksena 1990:684 [ref. 17757], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:154 [ref. 25472], Arruda 1997:117 [ref. 24952], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:74 [ref. 26753], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:151 [ref. 28072], Golani 2005:34 [ref. 37112], Fricke et al. 2007:78 [ref. 29533], Fricke 2008:25 [ref. 30182], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:40 [ref. 36649], Goren & Galil 2015:521 [ref. 33910], Richards 2016:2314 [ref. 35044], Martins & Carneiro 2018:114 [ref. 36550], Artüz & Fricke 2019:556 [ref. 36612], Carneiro et al. 2019:236 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:96 [ref. 36864], Reiner 2019:162 [ref. 38139], Bariche & Fricke 2020:109 [ref. 37515], Bañón & Maño 2021:68 [ref. 38883], Iglésias et al. 2020:292 [ref. 37987], Kovačić et al. 2020:44 [ref. 37519], Golani 2021:38 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:83 [ref. 39014], Fermon et al. 2022:294 [ref. 39448], Moazzam & Osmany 2023:577 [ref. 40712]). Current status: Valid as Trigla lyra Linnaeus 1758. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; eastern Atlantic: Galicia (Spain) south to Namibia, including Madeira (Portugal), and São Tomé and Principe. Not Canary Islands [ref. 34617]. Habitat: brackish, marine.

macracaina, Lepidotrigla Gomon [M. F.] & Kawai [T.] 2018:634, Figs. 7A, 8, 9A-C [Raffles Bulletin of Zoology v. 66; ref. 36285] Bali, Indonesia, 08°43'S, 115°06'E. Holotype: MZB 24604 [ex BMNH 1987.1.23.65]. Paratypes: BMNH 1987.1.23.63 (1), BMNH 1987.1.23.64 (1), BMNH 1987.1.23.66 (1), HUMZ, NTM, QMB. •Valid as Lepidotrigla macracaina Gomon & Kawai 2018 -- (Gloerfelt-Tarp & Kailola 2022:125 [ref. 41223]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla macracaina Gomon & Kawai 2018. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Eastern ndian Ocean: Java, Bali and Lombok (Indoensia). Habitat: marine.

macrobrachium, Lepidotrigla Fowler [H. W.] 1938:109, Fig. 52 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 85 (no. 3032); ref. 1426] Corandagos Island, eastern Palawan and vicinity, Philippines, 10°37'50"N, 120°12'E, Albatross station D.5432, depth 51 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 98882. Species epithet is a noun in apposition, based on brachium (Latin/Greek) = arm. •Valid as Lepidotrigla macrobrachia Fowler 1938 -- (Richards 1992:63 [ref. 20654], Richards 1999:2362 [ref. 24797], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122]). •Valid as Lepidotrigla macrobrachium Fowler 1938. Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla macrobrachium Fowler 1938. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Philippines. Habitat: marine.

macrodactylus, Trigla Günther [A.] 1889:18, Pl. 3 (fig. G) [Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger v. 31 (pt 78); ref. 2017] Off Sierra Leone, surface. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1889.7.20.63. •A postlarval specimen, possible senior synonym of at least 3 west African species -- (W. Richards, pers. comm.). Triglidae. Habitat: marine.

macrolepidota, Uradia Kamohara [T.] 1938:53, Fig. 28 [On the offshore bottom-fishes of Prov. Tosa; ref. 2551] Urado, Kochi Prefecture, Japan. Kamohara "neotype": BSKU 7214 from Mimase, Japan. Type catalog: Kamohara 1961:6 [ref. 19282] "Neotype" designation: Kamohara 1961:6 [ref. 19282], but neotype designation was not made in a revisory work and is invalid. •Valid as Uradia macrolepidota Kamohara 1938 -- (Richards 1999:2382 [ref. 24797]). •Valid as Pterygotrigla macrolepidota (Kamohara 1938) -- (Ochiai & Yatou in Masuda et al. 1984:334 [ref. 6441], del Cerro & Lloris 1997:115 [ref. 22944], Nakabo 2000:605 [ref. 25086], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122], Shinohara et al. 2001:315 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:605 [ref. 26001], Shinohara et al. 2005:426 [ref. 28370], Fricke et al. 2011:381 [ref. 31242]). Current status: Valid as Pterygotrigla macrolepidota (Kamohara 1938). Triglidae: Pterygotriglinae. Distribution: Western Pacific. Habitat: marine.

macronema, Peristedion Cadenat [J.] 1951:247 [Initiations Africaines. III. Poissons de mer du Sénégal; ref. 12676] Gorée, Senegal. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1950-0074. Type catalog: Blanc & Hureau 1968:32 [ref. 20738]. Description minimal, regarded as available. •Synonym of Peristedion cataphractum (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Miller & Richards 1990:685 [ref. 17816], Richards & Miller 2016:2297 [ref. 34617]). Current status: Synonym of Peristedion cataphractum (Linnaeus 1758). Triglidae: Peristediinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

macrorhynchus, Dixiphistes Fowler [H. W.] 1938:118, Fig. 56 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 85 (no. 3032); ref. 1426] Off Point Tagolo Light, Philippines, 8°47'N, 123°31'15"E, Albatross station 5519, depth 182 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 98875. Subjectively invalid; secondarily preoccupied in Pterygotrigla by Pterygotrigla macrorhynchus Kamohara 1936. •Synonym of Pterygotrigla macrorhynchus Kamohara 1936 -- (Richards 1999:2376 [ref. 24797]). 2°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Pterygotrigla macrorhynchus Kamohara 1936. Triglidae: Pterygotriglinae. Habitat: marine.

macrorhynchus, Pterygotrigla Kamohara [T.] 1936:481, Fig. [Dobutsugaku Zasshi = Zoological Magazine Tokyo v. 48 (nos 8-10); ref. 13708] Off Kochi Prefecture, Japan. Kamohara "neotype": BSKU 5100 from Mimase, Japan. Type catalog: Kamohara 1961:6. Pl. 4 (fig. 1) [ref. 19282], "Neotype" designation: Kamohara 1961:6. Pl. 4 (fig. 1) [ref. 19282], but not made in a revisory work and invalid. •Valid as Parapterygotrigla macrorhynchus (Kamohara 1936) -- (Manilo 1992:22 [131] [ref. 39140] as macrorhinchus). •Valid as Pterygotrigla macrorhynchus Kamohara 1936 -- (Ochiai & Yatou in Masuda et al. 1984:334 [ref. 6441], Richards 1999:2376 [ref. 24797], Nakabo 2000:604 [ref. 25086], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122], Hutchins 2001:28 [ref. 25847], Shinohara et al. 2001:315 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:604 [ref. 26001], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S103 [ref. 27377], Shinohara et al. 2005:426 [ref. 28370], Paxton et al. 2006:928 [ref. 29074], Last & Richards 2012:39 [ref. 31796], Larson et al. 2013:88 [ref. 32988], Richards & Yato 2014:24 [ref. 33182], Fricke et al. 2018:138 [ref. 35805], Psomadakis et al. 2020:370 [ref. 37272], Gloerfelt-Tarp & Kailola 2022:125 [ref. 41223]). Current status: Valid as Pterygotrigla macrorhynchus Kamohara 1936. Triglidae: Pterygotriglinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Mozambique and Madagascar east to Philippines, north to southern Japan, south to Queensland (Australia). Habitat: marine.

maculapinna, Lepidotrigla Gomon [M. F.] & Kawai [T.] 2018:640, Fig. 11 [Raffles Bulletin of Zoology v. 66; ref. 36285] Southeast of Lombok, Indonesia, 08.58°S, 116.34°E, depth 150-280 meters. Holotype: MZB 24602 [ex QMB I.25961]. Paratypes: NTM, QMB. •Valid as Lepidotrigla maculapinna Gomon & Kawai 2018 -- (Gloerfelt-Tarp & Kailola 2022:125 [ref. 41223]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla maculapinna Gomon & Kawai 2018. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean: Sumatra south to Lombok (Indonesia). Habitat: marine.

maculatus, Prionotus Teague [G. W.] 1951:56, Pl. 5 (figs. 8-9) [Comunicaciones Zoologicas del Museo de Historia Natural de Montevideo v. 3 (no. 61); ref. 12924] Coast of Louisiana, Gulf of Mexico, 28°09'N, 91°32'W, U.S.A. Holotype: USNM 111593. Paratypes: USNM 111594 (2). •Synonym of Prionotus longispinosus Teague 1951 -- (Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981]). Current status: Synonym of Prionotus longispinosus Teague 1951. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

madagascarensis, Pterygotrigla (Otohime) Yato [T.] & Heemstra [E.] 2019:192, Figs. 3-4 [Zootaxa 4706 (no. 1); ref. 37164] Sud Cap Sainte Marie, Madagascar, southwestern Indian Ocean, 26°13'S, 45°8'E, depth 250 - 300 meters. Holotype: SAIAB 203807. Paratype: SAIAB 189644 (1). •Valid as Pterygotrigla madagascarensis Yato & Heemstra 2019. Current status: Valid as Pterygotrigla madagascarensis Yato & Heemstra 2019. Triglidae: Pterygotriglinae. Distribution: Upper continental slope south of Madagascar, southwestern Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine.

magnus, Satyrichthys Yatou [T.] in Okamura et al. 1985:591, Pl. 366 [Fishes of the Okinawa Trough and the adjacent waters; ref. 8056] Okinawa Trough, 26°32.1'N, 125°03.8'E, depth 207-215 meters. Holotype: BSKU 26638. Paratypes: BSKU 26637 (1). •Valid as Satyrichthys magnus Yatou 1985 -- (Richards 1999:2362 [ref. 24797], Nakabo 2000:613 [ref. 25086], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2002:613 [ref. 26001], Shinohara et al. 2005:427 [ref. 28370], Kawai 2008:26 [ref. 29787]). •Synonym of Satyrichthys laticeps (Schlegel 1852) -- (Kawai 2013:422 [ref. 32560], Kawai 2014:136 [ref. 33607], Kawai & Richards 2022:612 [ref. 39731]). Current status: Synonym of Satyrichthys laticeps (Schlegel 1852). Triglidae: Peristediinae. Habitat: marine.

malarmat, Peristedion Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1801:368, 369 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 3; ref. 2710] Mediterranean Sea; Molucca Islands, Indonesia. No types known. •Synonym of Peristedion cataphractum (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Blanc & Hureau 1973:591 [ref. 7218], Miller & Richards 1990:685 [ref. 17816], Kawai 2008:24 [ref. 29787]). Current status: Synonym of Peristedion cataphractum (Linnaeus 1758). Triglidae: Peristediinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

marisinensis, Pachytrigla Fowler [H. W.] 1938:111, Fig. 53 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 85 (no. 3032); ref. 1426] China Sea, 21°42'N, 114°50'E, Albatross station D.5302, depth 38 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 98867. •Valid as Lepidotrigla marisinensis (Fowler 1938) -- (Richards 1992:63 [ref. 20654], Richards 1999:2362 [ref. 24797], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122], Prokofiev & Yato 2020:384 [ref. 37898]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla marisinensis (Fowler 1938). Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Western North Pacific. Habitat: marine.

martis, Prionotus Ginsburg [I.] 1950:502 [Texas Journal of Science v. 2 (no. 4); ref. 12953] Off Sabine Pass, Texas, U.S.A., 28°37'30"N, 93°45'30"W, depth 18 fathoms. Holotype: 151938. Paratypes: USNM 118946 (2), 134941 (1), 142835 (10), 152885-88 (1, 23, 2, 13). •Valid as Prionotus martis Ginsburg 1950 -- (Ross 1983:19 [ref. 36592], Robins & Ray 1986:280 [ref. 23100], Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981], Boschung 1992:100 [ref. 23239], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:244 [ref. 24550], Richards & Miller 2003:1274 [ref. 27049], Nelson et al. 2004:117 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:60 [ref. 28815], Page et al. 2013:120 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:182 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Prionotus martis Ginsburg 1950. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: brackish, marine.

mcgintyi, Peristedion Fowler [H. W.] 1952:8, Figs. 5-6 [Notulae Naturae (Philadelphia) No. 246; ref. 12771] South of Sombrero Key Light, Florida, U.S.A., depth 80 fathoms. Holotype: ANSP 71958. Paratypes: ANSP 71959-61 (3). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:163 [ref. 13621]. •Synonym of Peristedion miniatum Goode 1880 -- (Miller 1967:16 [ref. 7978]). Current status: Synonym of Peristedion miniatum Goode 1880. Triglidae: Peristediinae. Habitat: marine.

megalops, Dixiphistops Fowler [H. W.] 1938:116, Fig. 55 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 85 (no. 3032); ref. 1426] Off San Fernando Pt. Light, western coast of Luzon Island, Philippines, 16°38'N, 119°57'18"E, Albatross station D.5441, depth 186 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 98879. See Yatou in Okamura et al. 1982:283, 398 [ref. 8256]. •Valid as Parapterygotrigla megalops (Fowler 1938) -- (del Cerro & Lloris 1997:114 [ref. 22944]). •Valid as Pterygotrigla megalops (Fowler 1938) -- (Richards 1999:2377 [ref. 24797], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122], Myers & Donaldson 2003:619 [ref. 27495], Fricke et al. 2011:381 [ref. 31242], Last & Richards 2012:39 [ref. 31796], Richards & Yato 2014:31[ref. 33182]). Current status: Valid as Pterygotrigla megalops (Fowler 1938). Triglidae: Pterygotriglinae. Distribution: Western Pacific.: Philippines, Saipan, southern Japan and Australia. Habitat: marine.

microlepidota, Trigla Risso [A.] 1824:298 [Bulletin des Sciences Naturelles et de Géologie (Férussac), Paris v. 2; ref. 26460] Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. No types known. •Synonym of Trigla lucerna Linnaeus 1758 -- (Blanc & Hureau 1973:586 [ref. 7218]). •Synonym of Chelidonichthys lucernus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Richards 1968:94 [ref. 7911]). •Synonym of Chelidonichthys lucerna (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Richards 2016:2306 [ref. 35044]). Current status: Synonym of Chelidonichthys lucerna (Linnaeus 1758). Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

microlepis, Prionotus Longley [W. H.] & Hildebrand [S. F.] 1940:254, Fig. 16 [Papers Tortugas Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington v. 32; ref. 2822] West of White Shoal, Tortugas, Florida, U.S.A., depth 7.5-11 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 108869. Paratypes: (25) USNM 117267 (23). •Synonym of Prionotus roseus Jordan & Evermann 1887 -- (Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981]). Current status: Synonym of Prionotus roseus Jordan & Evermann 1887. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

micronemus, Peristedion Poey [F.] 1870:321 [Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History of New York v. 9 (art. 23); ref. 18563] Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 13566. •Unneeded new name for, and synonym of Peristedion imberbe Poey 1861. Current status: Synonym of Peristedion imberbe Poey 1861. Triglidae: Peristediinae. Habitat: marine.

microptera, Lepidotrigla Günther [A.] 1873:241 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 4) v. 12 (no. 69) (art. 31); ref. 2004] Shanghai, China. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1873.7.30.3. •Valid as Lepidotrigla microptera Günther 1873 -- (Ochiai & Yatou in Masuda et al. 1984:334 [ref. 6441], Lindberg & Krasyukova 1987:105 [ref. 15964], Richards 1992:63 [ref. 20654], Cheng & Zhou 1997:421 [ref. 26385], Sokolovskaya et al. 1998:9 [ref. 24670], Nakabo 2000:609 [ref. 25086], Lee 2000:7 [ref. 25174], Shimizu 2001:26 [ref. 25799], Shinohara et al. 2001:315 [ref. 25995], Wang et al. 2001:291 [ref. 26566], Nakabo 2002:609 [ref. 26001], Choi et al. 2003:254, 568 [ref. 26218], Parin et al. 2002:S66 [ref. 28300], Shinohara et al. 2005:426 [ref. 28370], Shinohara et al. 2011:43 [ref. 31715], Shinohara et al. 2014:246 [ref. 33300], Parin et al. 2014:227 [ref. 33547], Kim et al. 2020:97 [ref. 39118], Sonoyama et al. 2020:48 [ref. 37637], Dyldin et al. 2021:57 [ref. 38804], Dyldin & Orlov 2022:34 [ref. 38972]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla microptera Günther 1873. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific: northern Vietnam and southern China to Korea, Japan and Sakhalin (Russia). Habitat: marine.

miles, Prionotus Jenyns [L.] 1840:29, Pl. 6 [The zoology of the voyage of H. M. S. Beagle; ref. 2344] San Cristóbal Island [Chatham Island], Galapagos Islands. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1917.7.14.75. •Valid as Prionotus miles Jenyns 1840 -- (Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981], Allen & Robertson 1994:103 [ref. 22193], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:298 [ref. 24023], Richards & McCosker 1998:940 [ref. 23599], McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:191 [ref. 30957], Grove et al. 2022:21 [ref. 41326]). Current status: Valid as Prionotus miles Jenyns 1840. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Galapagos Islands (Ecuador) endemic. IUCN (2022): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.

militaris, Prionotus Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.] 1896:464, Pls. 111 (fig. 380), 112 (fig. 384) [Special Bulletin U. S. National Museum No. 2; ref. 1848] Off Cape Catoche, Yucatán, Mexico, Albatross station 2362, 22°08'30"N, 86°53'30"W, depth 25 fathoms. Lectotype: USNM 43581. Paralectotypes: MCZ 35965 [ex USNM 43581] (1); CAS-SU 9520 (1); USNM 46022 (2), 204925 (3). Lectotype selected by Miller & Richards 1991:646 [ref. 15980]. •Valid as Bellator militaris (Goode & Bean 1896) -- (Ross 1983:44 [ref. 36592], Robins & Ray 1986:279 [ref. 23100], Miller & Richards 1991:646 [ref. 15980], Miller & Richards 1991:761 [ref. 15981], Boschung 1992:99 [ref. 23239], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:156 [ref. 27754], Richards & Miller 2003:1271 [ref. 27049], Smith et al. 2003:21 [ref. 27621], Nelson et al. 2004:116 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:57 [ref. 28815], Page et al. 2013:119 [ref. 32708], Caires et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:612 [ref. 38945], Carvalho-Filho 2023:105 [ref. 40480], Page et al. 2023:181 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Bellator militaris (Goode & Bean 1896). Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: North Carolina (U.S.A.) south to Maranhão (Brazil). Habitat: brackish, marine.

milleri, Satyrichthys Kawai [T.] 2013:429, Fig. 7-9 [Zootaxa 3635 (no. 4); ref. 32560] Off Java, 8°18.8'S, 110°13.3'E to 8°18.2'S, 110°11.3'E. depth 530-582 meters. Holotype: HUMZ 193886. Paratypes: Many at HUMZ, MNHN, PMBC, USNM. •Valid as Satyrichthys milleri Kawai 2013 -- (Pogoreutz et al. 2013:153 [ref. 32813], Kawai 2014:135 [ref. 33607], Kannan et al. 2017:1 [ref. 39480], Kawai et al. 2017:28 [ref. 37786], Psomadakis et al. 2020:371 [ref. 37272], Su et al. 2024:136 [ref. 41224]). Current status: Valid as Satyrichthys milleri Kawai 2013. Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean, western Pacific: east coast of India, Myanmar and Andaman Sea east to Philippines and Fiji, north to Taiwan, south to Vanuatu. Habitat: marine.

milvus, Trigla Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1801:340, 362 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 3; ref. 2710] Atlantic; Mediterranean Sea. No types known. •Synonym of Chelidonichthys gurnardus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Richards 1968:88 [ref. 7911], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:72 [ref. 26753]). •Synonym of Eutrigla gurnardus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Blanc & Hureau 1973:588 [ref. 7218], Hureau in Whitehead et al. 1986:1233 [ref. 13677], Parin et al. 2002:S65 [ref. 28300], Parin et al. 2014:226 [ref. 33547], Richards 2016:2309 [ref. 35044]). Current status: Synonym of Eutrigla gurnardus (Linnaeus 1758). Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

milvus, Trigla Risso [A.] 1827:395 [Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l'Europe méridionale v. 3; ref. 3757] Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Trigla milvus Lacepède 1801. •Synonym of Eutrigla gurnardus (Linnaeus 1758). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Eutrigla gurnardus (Linnaeus 1758). Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: marine.

miniatum, Peristedium Goode [G. B.] 1880:349 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 3 (no. 165); ref. 1834] Off northeastern U.S.A., 40°02'18"N, 70°23'06"W, depth 192 fathoms, Fish Hawk station 869, depth 192 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 26023. Paratypes: (3). Unlike other descriptions in this work, for this species a "type" was identified. Original genus should have been Peristedion. •Valid as Peristedion miniatum Goode 1880 -- (Robins & Ray 1986:278 [ref. 23100], Scott & Scott 1988:488 [ref. 25518], McAllister 1990:190 [ref. 14674], Cervigón 1991:307 [ref. 24472], Boschung 1992:99 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:378 [ref. 23827], Klein-MacPhee & McBride in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:339 [ref. 26158], Miller & Richards 2003:1283 [ref. 27050], Moore et al. 2003:222 [ref. 27076], Moura & Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:74 [ref. 27192], Nelson et al. 2004:117 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:80 [ref. 28815], Kawai 2008:24 [ref. 29787], Page et al. 2013:120 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:182 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Peristedion miniatum Goode 1880. Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

minuta, Trigla Linnaeus [C.] 1771:528 [Mantissa Plantarum altera; ref. 13301] "Les Indes orientales". Triglidae. Habitat: marine.

modesta, Lepidotrigla Waite [E. R.] 1899:106, Pl. 23 [Memoirs of the Australian Museum, Sydney v. 4 (pt 1); ref. 4557] Off Broughton Island, New South Wales, Australia, depth 50-66 fathoms. Syntypes: (several) AMS I.3956-57 (1, 1). •Valid as Lepidotrigla modesta Waite 1899 -- (Paxton et al. 1989:455 [ref. 12442], Richards 1992:63 [ref. 20654], Kuiter 1993:112 [ref. 23929], Gomon et al. 1994:497 [ref. 22532], Kuiter 1997:96 [ref. 25488], Hutchins 2001:28 [ref. 25847], Paxton et al. 2006:924 [ref. 29074], Gomon & Last 2008:510 [ref. 30651], Hoschke et al. 2019:155 [ref. 36626] as cf. modesta). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla modesta Waite 1899. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Southeastern Indian Ocean, southwestern Pacific: New South Wales, Victoria and Tasmania (Australia). Habitat: marine.

moluccense, Peristedion Bleeker [P.] 1850:24 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 1 (no. 1); ref. 16886] Ambon, Indonesia. Neotype: RMNH.PISC.2157. Species epithet is an adjective, so corrected to moluccensis when in masculine genus Satyrichthys. Neotype designated by Kawai 2013:432 [ref. 32560]; see van Oijen et al 2013:207 [ref. 32725]. •Valid as Peristedion moluccense Bleeker 1850 -- (Richards 1999:2362 [ref. 24797], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122], Fricke et al. 2011:381 [ref. 31242]). •Valid as Satyrichthys moluccense (Bleeker 1850) -- (Miller 1974:65 [ref. 23142], Paxton et al. 1989:457 [ref. 12442], del Cerro & Lloris 1997:96 [ref. 22944], Hutchins 2001:28 [ref. 25847], Paxton et al. 2006:930 [ref. 29074], Kawai 2008:26 [ref. 29787], Kawai 2012:419, 432 [ref. 32560], Pogoreutz et al. 2013:153 [ref. 32813], Larson et al. 2013:87 [ref. 32988], Kawai 2014:135 [ref. 33607], Fricke et al. 2019:106 [ref. 36673], Gloerfelt-Tarp & Kailola 2022:127 [ref. 41223]). •Valid as Satyrichthys moluccensis (Bleeker 1850) -- (Higuchi & Kawai 2020:148 [ref. 38387], Su et al. 2024:136 [ref. 41224]). Current status: Valid as Satyrichthys moluccensis (Bleeker 1850). Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean, western Pacific: Indonesia east to New Ireland (Papua New Guinea) and Samoa, north to Taiwan and southern Japan, south to northern Australia and New Caledonia. Habitat: marine.

mulhalli, Lepidotrigla Macleay [W.] 1884:460 [Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales v. 8 (pt 4); ref. 14398] Off Port Jackson Heads, New South Wales, Australia, depth 40 fathoms. Syntypes: apparently lost. •Valid as Lepidotrigla mulhalli Macleay 1884 -- (Paxton et al. 1989:455 [ref. 12442], Richards 1992:63 [ref. 20654], Kuiter 1993:111 [ref. 23929], Gomon et al. 1994:498 [ref. 22532], Kuiter 1997:96 [ref. 25488], Hutchins 2001:28 [ref. 25847], Paxton et al. 2006:924 [ref. 29074], Gomon & Last 2008:511 [ref. 30651]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla mulhalli Macleay 1884. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Southeastern Australia: southern Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria and Tasmania. Habitat: marine.

multiocellata, Parapterygotrigla Matsubara [K.] 1937:266, Fig. [Dobutsugaku Zasshi = Zoological Magazine Tokyo v. 49 (no. 7); ref. 2904] Kumano-Nada, southeastern of Kii Peninsula, Japan, depth 150 fathoms. Holotype (unique): FAKU 4655 (lost). •Valid as Pterygotrigla multiocellata (Matsubara 1937) -- (Ochiai & Yatou in Masuda et al. 1984:334 [ref. 6441], Nakabo 2000:604 [ref. 25086], Shinohara et al. 2001:317 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:604 [ref. 26001], Myers & Donaldson 2003:619 [ref. 27495], Shinohara et al. 2005:426 [ref. 28370], Fricke et al. 2011:381 [ref. 31242], Last & Richards 2012:39 [ref. 31796]). •Valid as Parapterygotrigla multiocellata Matsubara 1937 -- (Yatou in Okamura et al. 1982:281, 398 [ref. 8256], Yatou in Okamura et al. 1985:581, 724 [ref. 8056], Suzuki & Hosokawa 1994:3 [ref. 24339], del Cerro & Lloris 1997:114 [ref. 22944], Richards 1999:2378 [ref. 24797], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122], Richards & Yato 2014:24 [ref. 33182], Hata & Nakae 2021:30 [ref. 38459], Gloerfelt-Tarp & Kailola 2022:125 [ref. 41223]). Current status: Valid as Pterygotrigla multiocellata (Matsubara 1937). Triglidae: Pterygotriglinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Saipan (Mariana Islands) north to Shiuozka Prefecture (Japan); northern Australia. Habitat: marine.

multipunctata, Pterygotrigla Yatou [T.] & Yamakawa [T.] 1983:217, Figs. 1-2 [Japanese Journal of Ichthyology v. 30 (no. 3); ref. 8260] Mimase, Kochi Prefecture, Tosa Bay, Japan. Holotype: NSMT-P21409. Paratypes: BSKU 50036 [now at KSHS] (1). •Valid as Pterygotrigla multipunctata Yatou & Yamakawa 1983 -- (Nakabo 2000:605 [ref. 25086], Shinohara et al. 2001:317 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:605 [ref. 26001], Richards et al. 2003:10 [ref. 27122], Last & Richards 2012:39 [ref. 31796], Yato & Heemstra 2019:198 [ref. 37164]). Current status: Valid as Pterygotrigla multipunctata Yatou & Yamakawa 1983. Triglidae: Pterygotriglinae. Distribution: Western North Pacific: Japan. Habitat: marine.

multispinosus, Lepidotrigla Smith [J. L. B.] 1934:326, Pls. 17, 20 [Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa v. 22 (pt 4); ref. 4065] Southeastern African coast, western Indian Ocean. Holotype (unique): SAIAB [formerly RUSI] 107 [ex AMG]. •Valid as Lepidotrigla multispinosus Smith 1934 -- (Richards & Saksena 1977:216 [ref. 5285], Heemstra 1982:292 [ref. 5416]). •Valid as Lepidotrigla multispinosa Smith 1934 -- (Heemstra 1986:488 [ref. 5660], Richards 1992:56 [ref. 20654], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S103 [ref. 27377], Fricke et al. 2018:138 [ref. 35805], Richards 2022:608 [ref. 39730]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla multispinosa Smith 1934. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa) north to Somalia, east to Madagascar. Habitat: marine.

murieli, Prionotus Mowbray [W. H.] in Borodin 1928:26, Pl. 5 (fig. 2) [Bulletin Vanderbilt Oceanographic Museum v. 1 (art. 1); ref. 526] Cay Sal Bank, Bahamas, depth 8 fathoms. Holotype (unique): VMM unnumbered (now at AMNH). Named after a woman so the correct species epithet would be murielae (ICZN Art. 31.1.2). •Valid as Prionotus murieli Mowbray 1928 -- (Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981], Richards & Miller 2003:1274 [ref. 27049], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:61 [ref. 28815]). •Status uncertain -- (Miller & Richards 1991:757 [ref. 15981]). •Synonym of Prionotus ophyras Jordan & Swain 1885 -- (Victor & Ianniello 2020:76 [ref. 37955]). Current status: Synonym of Prionotus ophyras Jordan & Swain 1885. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

murrayi, Peristethus Günther [A.] 1880:52, Pl. 32 (fig. A) [Report on the shore fishes procured during the voyage of H. M. S. Challenger in the years 1873-1876 v. 1 (pt 6); ref. 2011] Banda Sea [Indonesia], Challenger, depth 200 fathoms. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1879.5.14.265. •Valid as Satyrichthys murrayi (Günther 1880) -- (Miller 1974:70 [ref. 23142], Ochiai & Yatou in Masuda et al. 1984:335 [ref. 6441], Nakabo 2000:611 [ref. 25086], Hutchins 2001:28 [ref. 25847], Shinohara et al. 2001:318 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:611 [ref. 26001]). •Valid as Paraheminodus murrayi (Günther 1880) -- (del Cerro & Lloris 1997:95 [ref. 22944], Richards 1999:2369 [ref. 24797], Kawai et al. 2004:74 [ref. 27599], Kawai et al. 2004:126 [ref. 28009], Kawai 2008:22 [ref. 29787], Kawai et al. 2008:377 [ref. 29893], Fricke et al. 2009:41 [ref. 30213], Fricke et al. 2011:381 [ref. 31242], Su et al. 2024:136 [ref. 41224]). Current status: Valid as Paraheminodus murrayi (Günther 1880). Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: South Africa and Réunion (western Mascarenes); Banda Sea (eastern Indonesia) north to Taiwan and southern Japan, south to New Caledonia. Habitat: marine.

musorstom, Lepidotrigla del Cerro [L.] & Lloris [D.] 1997:103, Fig. 2 [Mémoires du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris (N. S.) (Série A) Zoologie v. 174; ref. 22944] Chesterfield and Bellona Plateaus, 22°17.2'S, 159°24.8'E, MUSORSTOM 5, station CP312, depth 315-320 meters. Holotype: MNHN 1994-0026. Paratypes: AMS I.34571-001 to 003 (1 ea.); BMNH 1994.5.17.1-3 (3); IIPB-2/1994 (1), 3/1994 (1), 4/1994 (1); IZUA-PM.1739-1741 (1 ea.); MNHN 1994-0027 to 0029 (1, 1, 1), 1995-497 (1); NSMT-P45840 to 45842 (1, 1, 1); USNM 329337-39 (1, 1, 1). •Valid as Lepidotrigla musorstom del Cerro & Lloris 1997 -- (Richards 1999:2362 [ref. 24797], Fricke et al. 2011:381 [ref. 31242]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla musorstom del Cerro & Lloris 1997. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Western South Pacific: Chesterfield Islands (New Caledonia). Habitat: marine.

muzodurus, Trigla Nardo [G. D.] (ex Chiereghini) 1847:col. 125 [Sinonimia moderna delle specie registrate nell' opera intitolata: ...; ref. 17994] Not available, Chiereghini name mentioned in synonymy. Nomen Nudum. Triglidae.

nana, Lepidotrigla del Cerro [L.] & Lloris [D.] 1997:108, Fig. 3 [Mémoires du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris (N. S.) (Série A) Zoologie v. 174; ref. 22944] Chesterfield and Bellona Plateaus, 19°33.1'S, 158°36.9'E, MUSORSTOM 5, Sta. CP 351, depth 290-310 meters. Holotype: MNHN 1994-30. Paratypes: AMS I.34755-001 (1), BMNH 1994.5.17.4 (1), IIPB-1/1994 (1), MNHN 1994-0031 (1), USNM 329340 (1). Type catalog: Allué et al. 2000:100 [ref. 30499]. •Valid as Lepidotrigla nana del Cerro & Lloris 1997 -- (Richards 1999:2362 [ref. 24797], Fricke et al. 2011:381 [ref. 31242]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla nana del Cerro & Lloris 1997. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Western South Pacific: Chesterfield Islands (New Caledonia). Habitat: marine.

natalensis, Lepidotrigla Gilchrist [J. D. F.] & Thompson [W. W.] 1914:76 [Annals of the South African Museum v. 13 (pt 3) (art. 5); ref. 14155] Tugela River mouth, N by W 1/2 W, 16 miles, KwaZulu- Natal, South Africa, southwestern Indian Ocean, Pieter Faure station 11291, depth 40-45 fathoms. Holotype (unique): SAM 11812. •Synonym of Lepidotrigla faurei Gilchrist & Thompson 1914 -- (Richards & Saksena 1977:216 [ref. 5285], Heemstra 1986:488 [ref. 5660], Richards 1992:63 [ref. 20654]). Current status: Synonym of Lepidotrigla faurei Gilchrist & Thompson 1914. Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: marine.

natalensis, Trigla Gilchrist [J. D. F.] & Thompson [W. W.] 1914:76 [Annals of the South African Museum v. 13 (pt 3) (art. 5); ref. 14155] Cape Natal west by north 6.5 miles, South Africa, southwestern Indian Ocean, depth 48 fathoms. Holotype (unique): SAM 11795. Not the same as Lepidotrigla natalensis appearing in the same work (and same page). •Synonym of Trigla kumu Cuvier 1829 -- Smith 1949:383 [ref. 5846]. •Uncertain in genus Chelidonichthys Kaup 1873. Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: marine.

nesium, Peristedion Bussing [W. A.] 2010:1149, Figs. 1-4 [Revista de Biología Tropical v. 58 (no. 4); ref. 31065] 2.4 kilometers north of Isla Iglesias, 5°34'38"N, 87°03'55"W, Isla del Coco, Costa Rica. Holotype: LACM 32265.003. Paratypes: CAS 228407 (6); LACM 32269.007 and 32269.008 (41), 32281.001 (1); UCR 720.007 (18), 2272.004 (2), 2273.001 (1). Type catalog: Angulo et al. 2015:380 [ref. 35212]. •Valid as Peristedion nesium Bussing 2010 -- (Sánchez-Jiménez et al. 2018:7 [ref. 36248]). Current status: Valid as Peristedion nesium Bussing 2010. Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Cocos Island (Costa Rica). Habitat: marine.

nierstraszi, Peristedion Weber [M.] 1913:514, Pl. 5 (figs. 1, 1a-b) [Die Fische der Siboga-Expedition; ref. 4602] Flores Sea, 7°35.4'S, 117°28.6'E, Siboga station 38, depth 521 meters. Lectotype: ZMA 112441. Paralectotypes: ZMA 112441-42 (2, 1). Kawai 2016:342 [ref. 34782] identified 112442 as Peristedion richardsi. Type catalog: Nijssen et al. 1982:82 [ref. 19236]. Lectotype designated by Kawai 2016:341 [ref. 34782]. •Valid as Peristedion nierstraszi Weber 1913 -- (Miller 1974:69 [ref. 23142], Ochiai & Yatou in Masuda et al. 1984:335 [ref. 6441], Lindberg & Krasyukova 1987:110 [ref. 15964], Richards 1999:2362 [ref. 24797], Nakabo 2000:610 [ref. 25086], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122], Shinohara et al. 2001:317 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:610 [ref. 26001], Shinohara et al. 2005:427 [ref. 28370], Kawai 2008:24 [ref. 29787], Ho et al. 2013:47 [ref. 33263], Ono & Kawai 2014:117 [ref. 35455]). •Synonym of Peristedion riversandersoni Alcock 1894 -- (Kawai 2016:342 [ref. 34782]). Current status: Synonym of Peristedion riversandersoni Alcock 1894. Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: East Indian Ocean and western North Pacific: Flores Sea, Java, Japan, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Philippines [if valid]. Habitat: marine.

nigripes, Trigla Malm [A. W.] 1865:410 [Förhandlingar vid de Skandinaviske Naturforskarnes. v. 9; ref. 17596] Löken, Gullmarfjärden, Sweden. Holotype (unique): ?NHMG. Appeared as Trigla nigripes n. sp.? Triglidae. Habitat: marine.

nudigula, Prionotus Ginsburg [I.] 1950:516 [Texas Journal of Science v. 2 (no. 4); ref. 12953] Off Rio de la Plata, Argentina, 36°43'S, 56°23'W, Albatross station 2765, depth 10.5 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 77323. Paratypes: USNM 77324 (1), 152884 (3). •Valid as Prionotus nudigula Ginsburg 1950 -- (Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981], Andreata & Séret 1996:585 [ref. 16204], Piacentino 1996:8 [ref. 25655], Cousseau & Perrotta 2000:90 [ref. 25942], López et al. 2002:64 [ref. 26808], Moura & Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:74 [ref. 27192], Bovcon et al. 2010:[5] 836 [ref. 41480], Mabragaña et al. 2011:table S2 [ref. 31800], Costa et al. 2015:1061 [ref. 37495], Nión et al. 2016:45 [ref. 35565] with author as Guinsburg, Spier et al. 2018:9 [ref. 36103], Ribeiro et al. 2019:8 [ref. 36717], Carvalho-Filho 2023:104 [ref. 40480]). Current status: Valid as Prionotus nudigula Ginsburg 1950. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Southwestern Atlantic: Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) south to Bahia Blanca (Argentina). Habitat: marine.

obscura, Trigla Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.] 1801:16 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Same source as Trigla obscura Walbaum 1792, i.e. Linnaeus 1754, Mus. Ad. Fr. 2, p. 94. Probably not an independent species description but based on Walbaum 1792. •Synonym of Chelidonichthys obscurus (Walbaum 1792). Current status: Synonym of Chelidonichthys obscurus (Walbaum 1792). Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: marine.

obscura, Trigla Walbaum [J. J.] 1792:373 [Petri Artedi sueci genera piscium Part 3; ref. 4572] In mari mediterraneo [Mediterranean Sea]. No types known. This predates Trigla obscura Bloch & Schneider 1801; also note that Blanc & Hureau 1973:588 [ref. 7218] date to Linnaeus 1764 [but that date is apparently 1754, prelinnaean, Mus. Ad. Fr. 2, p. 94]. •Valid as Aspitrigla obscura (Walbaum 1792) with author as Bloch & Schneider 1801 -- (Blanc & Hureau 1973:588 [ref. 7218], Hureau in Whitehead et al. 1986:1232 [ref. 13677] and Arruda 1997:117 [ref. 24952] all with Linnaeus as author). •Valid as Chelidonichthys obscurus (Walbaum 1792) with author as Bloch & Schneider 1801 -- (Richards & Saksena 1990:682 [ref. 17757], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:73 [ref. 26753]). •Valid as Chelidonichthys obscurus (Walbaum 1792) (sic) -- (Fricke et al. 2007:78 [ref. 29533], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:39 [ref. 36649], Richards 2016:2307 [ref. 35044], Martins & Carneiro 2018:112 [ref. 36550], Carneiro et al. 2019:235 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:96 [ref. 36864], Kovačić et al. 2020:46 [ref. 37519], Bañón & Maño 2021:68 [ref. 38883], Kovačić et al. 2021:83 [ref. 39014]). Current status: Valid as Chelidonichthys obscurus (Walbaum 1792). Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Mediterranean Sea; eastern Atlantic: British Isles south to Mauritania, including Madeira. Azores and Canary Islands unconfirmed [ref. 34617]. Habitat: marine.

oglina, Lepidotrigla Fowler [H. W.] 1938:101, Fig. 47 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 85 (no. 3032); ref. 1426] Vicinity of Taiwan, China Sea, 21°40'00"N, 116°58'00"E, Albatross station D.5315, depth 148 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 98865. Type catalog: Ho & Shao 2011:41 [ref. 31432]. •Valid as Lepidotrigla oglina Fowler 1938 -- (Richards 1992:63 [ref. 20654], del Cerro & Lloris 1997:51 [ref. 22811], Richards 1999:2362 [ref. 24797], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122], Ho & Shao 2011:41 [ref. 31432], Prokofiev & Yato 2020:384 [ref. 37898]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla oglina Fowler 1938. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Western North Pacific. Habitat: marine.

olosteon, Octonus Rafinesque [C. S.] 1810:29, 54 [Indice d'ittiologia siciliana; ref. 3595] Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. •Synonym of Peristedion cataphractum (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Blanc & Hureau 1973:591 [ref. 7218], Miller & Richards 1990:685 [ref. 17816], Kawai 2008:25 [ref. 29787], Parenti 2019:103 [ref. 37117]). Current status: Synonym of Peristedion cataphractum (Linnaeus 1758). Triglidae: Peristediinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

omanensis, Lepidotrigla Regan [C. T.] 1905:324, Pl. 2(B) (fig. 2) [Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society v. 16; ref. 15386] Sea of Oman, depth 180 fathoms. Lectotype: BMNH 1904.5.25.20. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1904.5.25.21-22 (2). Lectotype selected by Richards & Saksena 1977:211 [ref. 5285]. •Valid as Lepidotrigla omanensis Regan 1905 -- (Richards & Saksena 1977:211 [ref. 5285], Richards 1992:50 [ref. 20654], Randall 1995:114 [ref. 22896], del Cerro & Lloris 1997:51 [ref. 22811], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S103 [ref. 27377], Psomadakis et al. 2015:189 [ref. 34104], Gomon & Psomadakis 2018:72 [ref. 35752], Psomadakis et al. 2020:369 [ref. 37272], Richards 2022:608 [ref. 39730], Moazzam & Osmany 2023:575 [ref. 40712]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla omanensis Regan 1905. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Northern Indian Ocean: Gulf of Aden east to Myanmar. Habitat: marine.

opercularis, Prionotus Fowler [H. W.] 1952:9, Figs. 7-8 [Notulae Naturae (Philadelphia) No. 246; ref. 12771] Off Boynton Beach, Florida, U.S.A., depth 80 fathoms. Holotype: ANSP 71962. Paratypes: ANSP 71963-66 (4). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:163 [ref. 13621]. •Synonym of Bellator egretta (Goode & Bean 1896) -- (Miller & Richards 1991:639 [ref. 15980], Miller & Richards 1991:761 [ref. 15981], Richards & Miller 2003:1271 [ref. 27049]). Current status: Synonym of Bellator egretta (Goode & Bean 1896). Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

ophryas, Prionotus Jordan [D. S.] & Swain [J.] 1885:542 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 7 (no. 465); ref. 10649] Pensacola, Florida, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): USNM 36944. •Valid as Prionotus ophryas Jordan & Swain 1885 -- (Ross 1983:23 [ref. 36592], Robins & Ray 1986:280 [ref. 23100], Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981], Cervigón 1991:299 [ref. 24472], Boschung 1992:100 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:452 [ref. 23827], Aguilera 1998:48 [ref. 24221], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:156 [ref. 27754] dated 1884, Richards & Miller 2003:1274 [ref. 27049], Nelson et al. 2004:117 [ref. 27807], Dennis et al. 2004:74 [ref. 31601], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:62 [ref. 28815], Page et al. 2013:120 [ref. 32708], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:37 [ref. 33341], Klautau et al. 2020:9 [ref. 37903], Victor & Ianniello 2020:76 [ref. 37955], Page et al. 2023:182 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Prionotus ophryas Jordan & Swain 1885. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: North Carolina (U.S.A.) south to Venezuela, including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. IUCN (2015): Least Concern. Habitat: brackish, marine.

orientale, Nemaperistedion Fowler [H. W.] 1938:127, Fig. 61 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 85 (no. 3032); ref. 1426] Off Makyan Island, between Gillolo and Makyan Islands, Indonesia, 0°16'30"N, 127°30'00"E, Albatross station D.5623, depth 272 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 98876. Paratypes: USNM 98916-22 (1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1). Type catalog: Ho & Shao 2011:41 [ref. 31432]. •Valid as Nemaperistedion orientale Fowler 1938 -- (Yatou in Okamura et al. 1985:595, 727 [ref. 8056]). •Valid as Satyrichthys orientale (Fowler 1938) -- (Miller 1974:70 [ref. 23142], Paxton et al. 1989:457 [ref. 12442] but with original genus as Nemiperistedion, del Cerro & Lloris 1997:96 [ref. 22944], Richards 1999:2362 [ref. 24797], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122], Hutchins 2001:28 [ref. 25847], Paxton et al. 2006:930 [ref. 29074]). •Valid as Scalicus orientalis (Fowler 1938) -- (Kawai 2008:27 [ref. 29787], Ho & Shao 2011:41 [ref. 31432] as orientale, Kawai 2019:443 [ref. 36680], Fricke 2020:2 [ref. 37565], Psomadakis et al. 2020:372 [ref. 37272], Nakamura et al. 2021:39 [ref. 38930], Su et al. 2024:136 [ref. 41224]). Current status: Valid as Scalicus orientalis (Fowler 1938). Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Socotra and La Réunion (Mascarenes) east to Philippines and eastern Indonesia, north to Taiwan and Kyushu (southern Japan), south to northern Western Australia and New Caledonia. Habitat: marine.

orientale, Peristedion Temminck [C. J.] & Schlegel [H.] 1843:37, Pl. 14 (figs. 5-6), 14A [Fauna Japonica Parts 2-4; ref. 4371] Japan. Holotype: RMNH 660 (stuffed). Type catalog: Boeseman 1947:47 [ref. 12876]. •Valid as Satyrichthys orientale (Temminck & Schlegel 1843) -- (Fricke et al. 2011:381 [ref. 31242]). •Valid as Peristedion orientale Temminck & Schlegel 1843 -- (Ochiai & Yatou in Masuda et al. 1984:335 [ref. 6441], Yatou in Okamura et al. 1985:583, 725 [ref. 8056], Lindberg & Krasyukova 1987:108 [ref. 15964], Richards 1999:2362 [ref. 24797], Nakabo 2000:610 [ref. 25086], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122], Shinohara et al. 2001:317 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:610 [ref. 26001], Choi et al. 2003:254, 568 [ref. 26218], Kawai et al. 2003:14 [ref. 27521], Shinohara et al. 2005:427 [ref. 28370], Kawai 2008:24 [ref. 29787], Shinohara et al. 2011:43 [ref. 31715], Ho et al. 2013:49 [ref. 33263], Shinohara et al. 2014:247 [ref. 33300], Ono & Kawai 2014:117 [ref. 35455], Motomura et al. 2015:18 [ref. 34709], Kawai 2016:343 [ref. 34782], Fricke et al. 2017:100 [ref. 35629], Su et al. 2024:136 [ref. 41224]). Current status: Valid as Peristedion orientale Temminck & Schlegel 1843. Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: China and Taiwan north to Korea and Japan. Habitat: marine.

paitensis, Prionotus Chirichigno F. [N.] 1962:22, Fig. 20 [Serie de Divulgación Cientifica, Servicio de Pesquería, Ministerio de Agricultura, Lima, No. 17; ref. 5841] Paita Bay, Peru. Holotype: MHNJP [= MUSM] P 1247. Paratypes: ?MHNJP [SP 39] (2). •Synonym of Bellator gymnostethus (Gilbert 1892) -- (Miller & Richards 1991:642 [ref. 15980], Miller & Richards 1991:761 [ref. 15981]). Current status: Synonym of Bellator gymnostethus (Gilbert 1892). Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: marine.

palmipes, Trigla Mitchill [S. L.] 1815:431, Pl. 4 [Transactions of the Literary and Philosophical Society of New-York v. 1 (art. 5) (for 1814); ref. 13292] New York Harbor, New York, U.S.A. No types known. •Synonym of Prionotus carolinus (Linnaeus 1771) -- (Smith 1986:447 [ref. 22186], Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981]). Current status: Synonym of Prionotus carolinus (Linnaeus 1771). Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

papilio, Trigla Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829:80, Pl. 73[-77] [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 4; ref. 998] Indian seas [actual Australia]. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000-6917. Type catalog: Blanc & Hureau 1968:37 [ref. 20738]. Appeared first as name only in Cuvier 1829:160 [ref. 995]. Plates 73 and 77 are together as 73-77. •Valid as Lepidotrigla papilio (Cuvier 1829) -- (Paxton et al. 1989:455 [ref. 12442], Richards 1992:63 [ref. 20654], Kuiter 1993:113 [ref. 23929], Gomon et al. 1994:499 [ref. 22532], Kuiter 1997:96 [ref. 25488], Johnson 1999:728 [ref. 25471], Hutchins 2001:28 [ref. 25847], Paxton et al. 2006:925 [ref. 29074], Gomon & Last 2008:511 [ref. 30651], Hoschke et al. 2019:155 [ref. 36626]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla papilio (Cuvier 1829). Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Southeastern Indian Ocean, southwestern Pacific: Queensland (Australia) to southern Australia and to Western Australia. Habitat: marine.

papilionacea, Trigla Parkinson [S.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829:50 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 4; ref. 998] Not available, manuscript name mentioned in passing under Trigla kumu. Nomen Nudum. Triglidae.

papillionacea, Trigla Richardson [J.] 1846 [Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 15th meeting [1845]; ref. 3742] Chinese seas. Possible types: BMNH 1968.3.11.19 (1, dry). Type information: Whitehead 1970:211 [ref. 11606]. Triglidae. Habitat: marine.

paradoxa, Lepidotrigla Matsubara [K.] & Hiyama [J.] 1932:19, Fig. 7 [Journal of the Imperial Fisheries Institute v. 28 (no. 1); ref. 16501] Kumamoto, southern Japan. Holotype (unique): not at FAKU. •Synonym of Lepidotrigla alata (Houttuyn 1782) -- (Lindberg & Krasyukova 1987:99 [ref. 15964], Richards 1992:63 [ref. 20654]). Current status: Synonym of Lepidotrigla alata (Houttuyn 1782). Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: marine.

paralatus, Prionotus Ginsburg [I.] 1950:522 [Texas Journal of Science v. 2 (no. 4); ref. 12953] Off Padre Island, Texas, U.S.A., 26°34'N, 96°32'W, depth 45 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 151939. Paratypes: USNM 86149 (2), 155070-73 (1, 1, 2, 4). •Valid as Prionotus paralatus Ginsburg 1950 -- (Miller & Kent 1972:225 [ref. 25695], Robins & Ray 1986:279 [ref. 23100], Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981], Boschung 1992:100 [ref. 23239], McClure & McEachran 1992 [ref. 20319], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:243 [ref. 24550], Richards & Miller 2003:1275 [ref. 27049], Nelson et al. 2004:117 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:63 [ref. 28815], Page et al. 2013:120 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:182 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Prionotus paralatus Ginsburg 1950. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Gulf of Mexico endemic (U.S.A., Mexico, Cuba). IUCN (2015): Least concern. Habitat: marine.

paucibarbatus, Scalicus Kawai [T.] 2019:444, Figs. 1d, 2d, 3b, 11 [Ichthyological Research v. 66 (no. 4); ref. 36680] Kyushu-Palau Ridge, 26°05'N, 135°50'E, depth 381 meters. Holotype: BSKU 30455. Paratypes: BSKU, FAKU, HUMZ, MNHN, MUFS, NMMB. •Valid as Scalicus paucibarbatus Kawai 2019 -- (Su et al. 2024:136 [ref. 41224]). Current status: Valid as Scalicus paucibarbatus Kawai 2019. Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Madagascar; Sumatra (Indonesia); Taiwan and Kyushu-Palau Ridge. Habitat: marine.

paucibarbiger, Peristedion Castro-Aguirre [J. L.] & García-Domínguez [F.] 1984:30, Figs. 1-1c, 2-4 [Anales de la Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, México v. 28; ref. 23523] La Paz Bay, Baja California Sur, Mexico, depth 60 meters. Holotype (unique): ENCB-IPN 5189. Type catalog: Guzmán 2011:172 [ref. 32186]. •Valid as Peristedion paucibarbiger Castro-Aguirre & García-Domínguez 1984 -- (Nelson et al. 2004:117 [ref. 27807], Kawai 2008:24 [ref. 29787], Bussing 2010:1149 [ref. 31065], Guzmán 2011:172 [ref. 32186], Page et al. 2013:120 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:182 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Peristedion paucibarbiger Castro-Aguirre & García-Domínguez 1984. Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

pauciradiata, Trigla Bennett [E. T.] 1835:91 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1835 (pt 3); ref. 16793] Near Trabzon [Trebizond], Turkey, Black Sea. No types known. •Synonym of Chelidonichthys lucernus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Richards 1968:94 [ref. 7911]). •Synonym of Chelidonichthys lucerna (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Richards 2016:2306 [ref. 35044]). Current status: Synonym of Chelidonichthys lucerna (Linnaeus 1758). Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

pauli, Pterygotrigla Hardy [G. S.] 1982:208, Fig. 1 [New Zealand Journal of Zoology v. 9 (no. 2); ref. 8473] Challenger Plateau, New Zealand, 38°41.1-41.7'S, 168°23.0-25.5'E, bottom trawl, depth 512-515 meters. Holotype: NMNZ P.10557. Paratypes: NMNZ P.9859 (1), P.10515 (2), P.10519 (1), P.10558 (1). Type catalog: Hardy 1990:10 [ref. 18942]. •Valid as Pterygotrigla pauli Hardy 1982 -- (Paulin et al. 1989:170 [ref. 24556], Yabe in Amaoka et al. 1990:237 [ref. 16024], Richards 1999:2362 [ref. 24797], Paxton et al. 2006:929 [ref. 29074], Last & Richards 2012:39 [ref. 31796], Richards & Yato 2012:54 [ref. 32168], Struthers & Gomon 2015:1112 [ref. 34286]). Current status: Valid as Pterygotrigla pauli Hardy 1982. Triglidae: Pterygotriglinae. Distribution: Australia and New Zealand region. Habitat: marine.

pectoralis, Lepidotrigla Fowler [H. W.] 1938:104, Fig. 49 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 85 (no. 3032); ref. 1426] Off Point Tagolo Light, vicinity of northern Mindanao, Philippines, 8°45'30"N, 123°33'45"E, Albatross station D.5517, depth 169 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 98878. •Valid as Lepidotrigla pectoralis Fowler 1938 -- (Richards 1992:63 [ref. 20654], Richards 1999:2362 [ref. 24797], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122], Yato et al. 2019:253 [ref. 38282]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla pectoralis Fowler 1938. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Philippines north to southern Japan. Habitat: marine.

pectoralis, Prionotus miles Nichols [J. T.] & Breder [C. M., Jr.] 1924:22 [Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington v. 37; ref. 15461] Off Aransas Pass, Texas, U.S.A., 27°48'N, 97°00'W, depth 6-7 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 86168. •Synonym of Prionotus rubio Jordan 1886 -- (Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:245 [ref. 24550]). Current status: Synonym of Prionotus rubio Jordan 1886. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

peronii, Trigla Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829:53 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 4; ref. 998] Indian Ocean. Syntypes: MNHN 0000-1438 (1) Indian seas, 0000-2982 (3) Cape of Good Hope, 0000-6921 (1) Indian seas, 0000-6929 (1) Cape of Good Hope. Type catalog: Blanc & Hureau 1968:37 [ref. 20738]. •Uncertain in genus Chelidonichthys Kaup 1873 -- (Russell & van Oijen 2021:430 [ref. 38177]). •Synonym of Chelidonichthys kumu (Cuvier 1829) -- (W. J. Richards, pers. comm.). Current status: Synonym of Chelidonichthys kumu (Cuvier 1829). Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

phalaena, Trigla Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829:83 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 4; ref. 998] Indian seas. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000-6912. Type catalog: Blanc & Hureau 1968:37-38 [ref. 20738]. Appeared first as name only in Cuvier 1829:160 [ref. 995]. •Synonym of Lepidotrigla papilio (Cuvier 1829) -- (Richards 1992:63 [ref. 20654], Gomon et al. 1994:500 [ref. 22532], Paxton et al. 2006:925 [ref. 29074]). Current status: Synonym of Lepidotrigla papilio (Cuvier 1829). Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: marine.

philippinus, Heminodus Smith [H. M.] 1917:146 [Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington v. 30; ref. 4045] Mindanao Sea off Tawi-tawi, Philippines. Holotype: USNM 78250. Paratypes: USNM 98914-15 (1, 1). •Valid as Heminodus philippinus Smith 1917 -- (Richards 1999:2367 [ref. 24797], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122], Kawai 2008:22 [ref. 29787], Rajeeshkumar et al. 2018:[2] [ref. 36141], Su et al. 2024:136 [ref. 41224]). Current status: Valid as Heminodus philippinus Smith 1917. Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean, Western Pacific: Nicobar Islands (India); Philippines north to Taiwan. Habitat: marine.

picta, Trigla Günther [A.] 1880:24, Pl. 13 (fig. A) [Report on the shore fishes procured during the voyage of H. M. S. Challenger in the years 1873-1876 v. 1 (pt 6); ref. 2011] Juan Fernández Islands. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1879.5.14.270. •Valid as Pterygotrigla picta (Günther 1880) -- (Hardy 1982:207 [ref. 8473], Paxton et al. 1989:457 [ref. 12442], Pequeño 1989:57 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:170 [ref. 24556], Yabe in Amaoka et al. 1990:238 [ref. 16024], Gomon et al. 1994:502 [ref. 22532], Richards 1997:1058 [ref. 22983], del Cerro & Lloris 1997:115 [ref. 22944], Pequeño & Sáez 2000:31 [ref. 24590], Pequeño & Lamilla 2000:434 [ref. 24906], Gomon & Last 2008:513 [ref. 30651], Dyer & Westneat 2010:604 [ref. 31446], Richards & Yato 2012:54 [ref. 32168]). Current status: Valid as Pterygotrigla picta (Günther 1880). Triglidae: Pterygotriglinae. Distribution: Southeastern Pacific [not including the southwestern Pacific]. Habitat: marine.

pictipinnis, Trigla Kaup [J. J.] 1873:87 [Archiv für Naturgeschichte v. 39 (pt. 1); ref. 2585] "Barbados" [= Japan or Australia?]. Triglidae. Habitat: marine.

picturatum, Peristedion McCulloch [A. R.] 1926:212, Pl. 56 (figs. 1-3) [Biological Results Endeavour v. 5 (pt 4); ref. 2947] East of Flinders Island, Bass Strait, Australia, depth 70-100 fathoms. Holotype (unique): AMS E.4628. •Synonym of Peristedion liorhynchus (Günther 1872) -- (Paxton et al. 1989:456 [ref. 12442], Kawai & Yabe 2006:2 [ref. 28600]). •Valid as Peristedion picturatum McCulloch 1926 -- (Miller 1974:69 [ref. 23142], del Cerro & Lloris 1997:95 [ref. 22944], Paxton et al. 2006:927 [ref. 29074], Ono & Kawai 2014:117 [ref. 35455]). Current status: Valid as Peristedion picturatum McCulloch 1926. Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: Western Pacific. Habitat: marine.

piercei, Satyrichthys Fowler [H. W.] 1938:125, Fig. 60 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 85 (no. 3032); ref. 1426] China Sea, 21°39'00"N, 117°07'00"E, Albatross station D.5316, depth 159 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 98877. Type catalog: Ho & Shao 2011:41 [ref. 31432]. •Synonym of Satyrichthys adeni (Lloyd 1907) -- (Miller 1974:61 [ref. 23142], Ho & Shao 2011:41 [ref. 31432]). •Valid as Satyrichthys piercei Fowler 1938 -- (Richards 1999:2362 [ref. 24797], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122]). •Not treated by Kawai 2008:27 [ref. 29787]. •Synonym of Satyrichthys laticeps (Schlegel 1852) -- (Kawai 2013:422 [ref. 32560], Kawai 2014:136 [ref. 33607], Kawai & Richards 2022:612 [ref. 39731]). Current status: Synonym of Satyrichthys laticeps (Schlegel 1852). Triglidae: Peristediinae. Habitat: marine.

pileatus, Prionotus Storer [D. H.] 1845:77 [Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History v. 2 (1845-1848); ref. 18839] Massachusetts Bay, Massachusetts, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Prionotus carolinus (Linnaeus 1771) -- (Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981] as pilatus). Current status: Synonym of Prionotus carolinus (Linnaeus 1771). Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

pini, Trigla Bloch [M. E.] 1793:130, Pl. 355 [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 7; ref. 4868] The Netherlands. Holotype (unique): ZMB 8777 (stuffed). Type catalog: Paepke & Fricke 1992:277 [ref. 19946], Paepke 1999:153 [ref. 24282]. On p. 105 of Bloch's Ichthyologie, v. 10 [ref. 21381]. •Synonym of Aspitrigla cuculus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Blanc & Hureau 1973:587 [ref. 7218], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:39 [ref. 36649]). •Synonym of Chelidonichthys cuculus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Richards 1968:90 [ref. 7911], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:71 [ref. 26753], Parin et al. 2002:S65 [ref. 28300], Parin et al. 2014:225 [ref. 33547], Richards 2016:2303 [ref. 35044]). Current status: Synonym of Chelidonichthys cuculus (Linnaeus 1758). Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

platycephalum, Peristedium Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.] 1886:167 [Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 12 (no. 5); ref. 1844] Off Barbados, West Indies, depth 123 fathoms. Holotype: MCZ 28028. Paratypes: (2?) USNM 47647 (1, lost). •Synonym of Peristedion brevirostre (Günther 1860) -- (Miller & Richards 2003:1281 [ref. 27050]). Current status: Synonym of Peristedion brevirostre (Günther 1860). Triglidae: Peristediinae. Habitat: marine.

pleuracanthica, Trigla Richardson [J.] 1845:23, Pl. 16 (figs. 1-4) [Ichthyology of the voyage of H. M. S. Erebus & Terror v. 2 (2); ref. 3740] Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Syntypes: BMNH 1855.9.19.86-87 (2). •Synonym of Lepidotrigla papilio (Cuvier 1829) -- (Paxton et al. 1989:455 [ref. 12442], Richards 1992:63 [ref. 20654], Kuiter 1993:112 [ref. 23929]). •Valid as Lepidotrigla pleuracanthica (Richardson 1845) -- (Kuiter 1997:96 [ref. 25488], Paxton et al. 2006:925 [ref. 29074]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla pleuracanthica (Richardson 1845). Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Australia. Habitat: marine.

poeciloptera, Trigla Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829:47 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 4; ref. 998] Dieppe, France. Syntypes: MNHN 0000-6942 (2). Type catalog: Blanc & Hureau 1968:38 [ref. 20738]. •Synonym of Trigla lucerna Linnaeus 1758 -- (Blanc & Hureau 1973:586 [ref. 7218]). •Synonym of Chelidonichthys lucerna (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Richards 1968:94 [ref. 7911] as lucernus, Parin et al. 2002:S65 [ref. 28300], Parin et al. 2014:225 [ref. 33547], Richards 2016:2306 [ref. 35044]). Current status: Synonym of Chelidonichthys lucerna (Linnaeus 1758). Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

polyommata, Trigla Richardson [J.] 1839:96 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1839 (pt 7); ref. 3732] Port Arthur, Tasmania, Australia. Holotype (unique): BMNH 2007.8.22.3. Also described in Richardson 1842:87 (Pl. 5 (fig. 2) [ref. 13097]). •Valid as Pterygotrigla polyommata (Richardson 1839) -- (Hardy 1982:207 [ref. 8473], Paxton et al. 1989:457 [ref. 12442], Paulin et al. 1989:170 [ref. 24556], Kuiter 1993:113 [ref. 23929], Gomon et al. 1994:504 [ref. 22532], Hutchins 2001:28 [ref. 25847], Paxton et al. 2006:929 [ref. 29074], Gomon & Last 2008:514 [ref. 30651], Last & Richards 2012:39 [ref. 31796], Richards & Yato 2012:54 [ref. 32168], Struthers & Gomon 2015:1113 [ref. 34286], Hoschke et al. 2019:155 [ref. 36626]). Current status: Valid as Pterygotrigla polyommata (Richardson 1839). Triglidae: Pterygotriglinae. Distribution: Southeastern Indian Ocean, southwestern Pacific: Australia and New Zealand. Habitat: marine.

pothumaluva, Peristedion Deraniyagala [P. E. P.] 1936:221, Figs. 2-3 [Spolia Zeylanica, The Ceylon Journal of Science, Section B. Zoology and Geology v. 19 (pt 3); ref. 13692] Moratuwa, west coast of Sri Lanka, depth 92 meters. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1936.4.23.2. •Synonym of Satyrichthys adeni (Lloyd 1907) -- (Miller 1974:61 [ref. 23142]). •Not treated by Kawai 2008:27 [ref. 29787]. •Synonymy of Satyrichthys laticeps (Schlegel 1852) -- (Kawai 2013:423 [ref. 32560], Kawai 2014:136 [ref. 33607], Kawai & Richards 2022:612 [ref. 39731]). Current status: Synonym of Satyrichthys laticeps (Schlegel 1852). Triglidae: Peristediinae. Habitat: marine.

prionocephalum, Peristethidion Duméril [A. H. A.] 1869:115, Pl. 23 (figs. 1-2) [Nouvelles Archives du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris v. 4; ref. 14095] Sulawesi, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000-5107. Type catalog: Blanc & Hureau 1968:33 [ref. 20738]. Genus spelled Peristelhidion on Pl. 23. •Valid as Gargariscus prionocephalus (Duméril 1869) -- (Ochiai & Yatou in Masuda et al. 1984:334 [ref. 6441], Kao & Lin 1986:77 [ref. 39481], Paxton et al. 1989:454 [ref. 12442], Mohsin & Ambak 1996:580 [ref. 27969], Richards 1999:2366 [ref. 24797], Nakabo 2000:611 [ref. 25086], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122], Hutchins 2001:28 [ref. 25847], Shinohara et al. 2001:317 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:611 [ref. 26001], Shinohara et al. 2005:427 [ref. 28370], Paxton et al. 2006:923 [ref. 29074], Kawai 2008:22 [ref. 29787], Larson et al. 2013:87 [ref. 32988], Gloerfelt-Tarp & Kailola 2022:127 [ref. 41223], Su et al. 2024:136 [ref. 41224]). Current status: Valid as Gargariscus prionocephalus (Duméril 1869). Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: eastern Indonesia east to Philippines, north to Taiwan and southern Japan, south to Arafura Sea (northern Australia). Habitat: marine.

propontidis, Trigla lyra var. Steindachner [F.] 1895:183 [Anzeiger der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 32 (no. 18) (for 11 July 1895); ref. 14587] Adriatic Sea (Mediterranean Sea); Turkey, Sea of Marmara (Mediterranean Sea). Syntypes: (several) NMW. Triglidae. Habitat: marine.

psolokerkos, Lepidotrigla Gomon [M. F.] & Psomadakis [P. N.] 2018:74, Figs. 1C, 2E, 2F, 3D [Raffles Bulletin of Zoology v. 66; ref. 35752] Myanmar, off Ayeyarwady Delta, 14°1.96'N, 96°9.21'E, depth 147-156 meters. Holotype: NMV A31698-001. Paratypes: NMV. •Valid as Lepidotrigla psolokerkos Gomon & Psomadakis 2018 -- (Psomadakis et al. 2020:369 [ref. 37272]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla psolokerkos Gomon & Psomadakis 2018. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Northeastern Indian Ocean: Myanmar endemic. Habitat: marine.

punctata, Trigla Bloch [M. E.] 1793:125, Pl. 353 [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 7; ref. 4868] Martinique Island, West Indies. No types known. Type catalog: Paepke & Fricke 1992:277 [ref. 19946] wrongly with a holotype, Paepke 1999:152 [ref. 24282]. On p. 100 of Bloch's Ichthyologie, v. 10 [ref. 21381]. •Valid as Prionotus punctatus (Bloch 1793) -- (Herrera 1896:64 [ref. 39336], Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981], Cervigón 1991:303 [ref. 24472], Cervigón 1992:453 [ref. 23827], Andreata & Séret 1996:585 [ref. 16204] dated 1797, Piacentino 1996:8 [ref. 25655], Aguilera 1998:48 [ref. 24221], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:242 [ref. 24550], López et al. 2002:64 [ref. 26808], Richards & Miller 2003:1275 [ref. 27049], Moura & Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:74 [ref. 27192], Nelson et al. 2004:117 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:64 [ref. 28815], García-Hernández et al. 2009:92 [ref. 37265], Mabragaña et al. 2011:table S2 [ref. 31800], Page et al. 2013:120 [ref. 32708], Catelani et al. 2014:933 [ref. 37496], Fabiano et al. 2014:8 [ref. 33530], Nión et al. 2016:45 [ref. 35565], Marceniuk et al. 2017:40 [ref. 35324], Spier et al. 2018:9 [ref. 36103], Ribeiro et al. 2019:8 [ref. 36717], Caires et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:614 [ref. 38945], Carvalho-Filho 2023:104 [ref. 40480], Hoff et al. 2023:8 [ref. 40463], Page et al. 2023:182 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Prionotus punctatus (Bloch 1793). Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Mexico south to Argentina, including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. Habitat: brackish, marine.

punctipectoralis, Lepidotrigla Fowler [H. W.] 1938:107, Fig. 51 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 85 (no. 3032); ref. 1426] Vicinity of Jolo, Philippines, 6°11'50"N, 121°08'20"E, Albatross station D.5135, depth 161 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 98871. Paratypes: USNM 98980 (1). •Valid as Lepidotrigla punctipectoralis Fowler 1938 -- (Ochiai & Yatou in Masuda et al. 1984:333 [ref. 6441], Lindberg & Krasyukova 1987:103 [ref. 15964], Paxton et al. 1989:455 [ref. 12442], Richards 1992:63 [ref. 20654], del Cerro & Lloris 1997:51 [ref. 22811], Richards 1999:2362 [ref. 24797], Nakabo 2000:608 [ref. 25086], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122], Hutchins 2001:28 [ref. 25847], Shinohara et al. 2001:315 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:608 [ref. 26001], Paxton et al. 2006:925 [ref. 29074], Prokofiev & Yato 2020:384 [ref. 37898]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla punctipectoralis Fowler 1938. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific. Habitat: marine.

pusillus, Prionotus Castelnau [F. L.] 1861:6 [Mémoire sur les poissons de l'Afrique australe; ref. 767] Table Bay, South Africa, southeastern Atlantic. Spelled pusillus on p. v and pusilius on p. 6; earliest first reviser not researched. Gilchrist 1902:120 [ref. 38187] used pusillus. Triglidae. Habitat: marine.

quadratorostratus, Peristedion Fourmanoir [P.] & Rivaton [J.] 1979:423, Fig. 15 [Cahiers de l'Indo-Pacifique v. 1 (no. 4); ref. 8833] Southwest of Isle of Pines, near New Caledonia, southwestern Pacific, 17°30'S, 167°30'E, depth 360 meters. Lectotype: MNHN 1978-0478. Paralectotype: MNHN 1982-0001 (1). Lectotype selected by Kawai 2019:449 [ref. 36680]. •Valid as Satyrichthys quadratorostratus (Fourmanoir & Rivaton 1979) -- (del Cerro & Lloris 1997:97 [ref. 22944], Richards 1999:2363 [ref. 24797], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122], Fricke et al. 2011:381 [ref. 31242]). •Valid as Scalicus quadratorostratus (Fourmanoir & Rivaton 1979) -- (Kawai 2008:27 [ref. 29787], Kawai 2019:449 [ref. 36680], Su et al. 2024:136 [ref. 41224]). Current status: Valid as Scalicus quadratorostratus (Fourmanoir & Rivaton 1979). Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Madagascar; Taiwan to southern Japan; New Caledonia. Habitat: marine.

queketti, Trigla Regan [C. T.] 1904:128 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 14 (no. 80) (art. 16); ref. 12514] KwaZulu-Natal coast, South Africa, southwestern Indian Ocean. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1904.6.28.32. •Valid as Chelidonichthys queketti (Regan 1904) -- (Heemstra 1982:294 [ref. 5416], Heemstra 1986:487 [ref. 5660], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:154 [ref. 25472], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:151 [ref. 28072], Richards 2016:2308 [ref. 35044], Richards 2022:605 [ref. 39730]). Current status: Valid as Chelidonichthys queketti (Regan 1904). Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Southeastern Atlantic, southwestern Indian Ocean: Walvis Bay (Namibia) south to Cape of Goof Hope (South Africa), then north to KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa). Habitat: marine.

quiescens, Prionotus Jordan [D. S.] & Bollman [C. H.] 1890:166 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 12 (no. 770); ref. 2433] Off Pacific coast of Colombia, Gulf of Panama. Syntypes: BMNH 1900.7.11.9 (1); ?CAS-SU 5852 (5), USNM 41135 (1), 41139 (1), 41152-53 (1, 3), 41163 (1), 41195-96 (2, 1), 41241 (3), 41386 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:124-125 [ref. 12291]. •Valid as Prionotus quiescens Jordan & Bollman 1890 -- (Hiyama in Kumada 1937:56 [ref. 39147], Pequeño 1989:57 [ref. 14125]). •Questionably a synonym of Prionotus stephanophrys Lockington 1881 -- (Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981]). •Mention as Prionotus quiescens Jordan & Bollman 1890 -- (Castro-Aguirre et al. 1993:89 [ref. 21807], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:298 [ref. 24023]). •Synonym of Prionotus stephanophrys Lockington 1881 -- (Franke & Acero P. 1996:766 [ref. 22923], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:264 [ref. 24555], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:245 [ref. 24550]). Current status: Synonym of Prionotus stephanophrys Lockington 1881. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

ribeiroi, Bellator Miller [G. C.] 1965:259, Figs. 1A, 2A, 3A [Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Sciences v. 28 (no. 3) (for Sept.); ref. 9234] Off São Luis, Brazil, Oregon station 4238, 2°10'S, 42°24'W, depth 26 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 231731 [ex 261273-F1]. Paratypes: ANSP 103165 (2); BLBG (4), BMNH 1965.8.13.1-3 (3); CUMV 48660 (2); FMNH 66762 (2); MCZ 44136 (2); MNHN 1965-0582 (2); MNRJ 9.820-9.823 (4); TU 37821 (2); UF 19296 [ex TABL] (4), 19297 [ex TABL] (1, 3 missing); UF 217606 [ex UMML 17606] (2); UMMZ 183945 (3); USNM 202538 (3), 231732 [ex UW 18745] (18, now 10) 231733-36 (3, 3, 1, 1). Type catalog: Blanc & Hureau 1968:31 [ref. 20738], Suttkus 1970:128 [ref. 20861], Gilbert 1974:114 [ref. 21035], Böhlke 1984:164 [ref. 13621], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:16 [ref. 12367], Bart & Taylor 1993:66 [ref. 20906]. •Valid as Bellator ribeiroi Miller 1965 -- (Uyeno & Sato in Uyeno et al. 1983:441 [ref. 14275], Miller & Richards 1991:649 [ref. 15980], Miller & Richards 1991:761 [ref. 15981], Cervigón 1991:296 [ref. 24472], Cervigón 1992:452 [ref. 23827], Aguilera 1998:48 [ref. 24221], Richards & Miller 2003:1271 [ref. 27049], Moura & Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:73 [ref. 27192], Lins Oliveira et al. 2015:138 [ref. 37485], Caires et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:613 [ref. 38945], Carvalho-Filho 2023:105 [ref. 40480]). Current status: Valid as Bellator ribeiroi Miller 1965. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Honduras south to Rio Grande do Norte (Brazil), including southern Caribbean Sea Habitat: marine.

richardsi, Peristedion Kawai [T.] 2016:336, Figs. 1-2, 3C, 4A [Zootaxa 4171 (no. 2); ref. 34782] Java, Indonesia (8°37.7'S, 111°21.5'E - 8°37.8'S, 111°19.8'E), depth 595 - 600 meters. Holotype: HUMZ 194417. Paratypes: HUMZ. Plus additional non-type material. •Valid as Peristedion richardsi Kawai 2016 -- (Fricke et al. 2017:101 [ref. 35629], Su et al. 2024:136 [ref. 41224]). Current status: Valid as Peristedion richardsi Kawai 2016. Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean, western Pacific: Java and Flores Sea (Indonesia); Taiwan. Habitat: marine.

rieffeli, Peristethus Kaup [J. J.] 1859:106, Pl. 8 (fig. 3) [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1859 (pt 1) (art. 7); ref. 2587] China. No types known. •Valid as Satyrichthys rieffeli (Kaup 1859) -- (Ochiai & Yatou in Masuda et al. 1984:335 [ref. 6441], Yatou in Okamura et al. 1985:595, 727 [ref. 8056], Lindberg & Krasyukova 1987:111 [ref. 15964], Allen & Swainston 1988:52 [ref. 25477], Paxton et al. 1989:457 [ref. 12442], Mohsin & Ambak 1996:581 [ref. 27969], Allen 1997:80 [ref. 23977], Chen et al. 1997:171 [ref. 26476], Richards 1999:2381 [ref. 24797], Nakabo 2000:613 [ref. 25086], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122], Hutchins 2001:28 [ref. 25847], Shinohara et al. 2001:318 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:613 [ref. 26001], Choi et al. 2003:254, 568 [ref. 26218], Myers & Donaldson 2003:620 [ref. 27495], Shinohara et al. 2005:427 [ref. 28370], Paxton et al. 2006:930 [ref. 29074], Kawai 2008:26 [ref. 29787], Fricke et al. 2011:381 [ref. 31242], Kawai 2013:419, 434 [ref. 32560], Pogoreutz et al. 2013:153 [ref. 32813], Larson et al. 2013:87 [ref. 32988], Fricke et al. 2014:56 [ref. 33932], Shinohara et al. 2014:247 [ref. 33300], Kawai 2014:135 [ref. 33607], Sonoyama et al. 2020:49 [ref. 37637], Gloerfelt-Tarp & Kailola 2022:127 [ref. 41223], Moazzam & Osmany 2023:561 [ref. 40712], Su et al. 2024:136 [ref. 41224]). Current status: Valid as Satyrichthys rieffeli (Kaup 1859). Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean, western Pacific: Indonesia east to Philippines and New Guinea, north to southern Sea of Japan, south to northern Australia. Habitat: marine.

riggsi, Lepidotrigla Richards [W. J.] & Saksena [V. P.] 1977:215 [Bulletin of Marine Science v. 27 (no. 2); ref. 5285] Bay of Bengal, off Ganjam Coast, Bengal, Investigator station 78, depth 18 fathoms. Holotype (unique): ZSI F12925. Unneeded replacement name for Lepidotrigla spiloptera var. longipinnis Alcock 1890, thought to be preoccupied by Lepidotrigla longipinnis [actually longispinis] Steindachner & Döderlein 1887. •Valid as Lepidotrigla riggsi Richards & Saksena 1977 -- (Richards 1992:63 [ref. 20654], Krishnan & Mishra 1993:220 [ref. 24016], del Cerro & Lloris 1997:51 [ref. 22811]). •Synonym of Lepidotrigla longipinnis Alcock 1890 -- (Gomon & Kawai 2018:631 [ref. 36285]). Current status: Synonym of Lepidotrigla longipinnis Alcock 1890. Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: marine.

riversandersoni, Peristethium Alcock [A. W.] 1894:121 [7], Pl. 6 (figs. 2, 2a, 2b) [Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal v. 63 (pt 2); ref. 90] 13.5 miles north 64° west of Colombo Light, Sri Lanka, Investigator station 151, depth 142-400 fathoms. Holotype (unique): ZSI F13469. Type catalog: Menon & Yazdani 1968:156 [ref. 20743], Menon & Rama-Rao 1975:43 [ref. 22148]. On p. 7 of separate. Originally as Rivers-Andersoni. Original genus should have been Peristedion. •Valid as Peristedion riversandersoni Alcock 1894 -- (Miller 1974:69 [ref. 23142], Richards 1999:2362 [ref. 24797], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S103 [ref. 27377], Kawai 2008:24 [ref. 29787], Kawai 2016:342 [ref. 34782], Fricke et al. 2017:101 [ref. 35629], Kawai et al. 2017:30 [ref. 37786], Rajeeshkumar et al. 2021:2 [ref. 38602], Hashimoto et al. 2022:29 [ref. 39006], Su et al. 2024:136 [ref. 41224]). Current status: Valid as Peristedion riversandersoni Alcock 1894. Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean, western Pacific: Sri Lanka east to Indonesia, north to Taiwan and Kagoshima Prefecture (southern Japan). Habitat: marine.

robertsi, Pterygotrigla del Cerro [L.] & Lloris [D.] 1997:117, Fig. 5 [Mémoires du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris (N. S.) (Série A) Zoologie v. 174; ref. 22944] Norfolk Ridge, 23°37.7'S, 167°43.7'E (Stylaster seamount), Beryx 11, station CP 32, depth 420-460 meters. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1994-0025. •Valid as Pterygotrigla robertsi del Cerro & Lloris 1997 -- (Richards 1999:2362 [ref. 24797], Fricke et al. 2011:381 [ref. 31242], Last & Richards 2012:39 [ref. 31796], Richards & Yato 2014:37 [ref. 33182]). Current status: Valid as Pterygotrigla robertsi del Cerro & Lloris 1997. Triglidae: Pterygotriglinae. Distribution: Western South Pacific: Coral Sea. Habitat: marine.

robinsi, Lepidotrigla Richards [W. J.] 1997:1050, Figs. 1-2 [Bulletin of Marine Science v. 60 (no. 3); ref. 22983] Kermadec Islands at Raoul Island between Meteorological Sta. and Hutchinson Bluff, about 29°10'S, 177°50'W, southern Pacific, depth 110-146 meters. Holotype: NMNZ P.31392. Paratypes: AMS I.34984-001 (1), BMNH 1994.11.1.1 (1), NMNZ P.13445 (2), USNM 332058 (2). •Valid as Lepidotrigla robinsi Richards 1997 -- (Duffy & Ahyong 2015:112 [ref. 36167], Struthers & Gomon 2015:1110 [ref. 34286]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla robinsi Richards 1997. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific: Kermadec Islands endemic. Habitat: marine.

rodinogaster, Trigla Nardo [G. D.] 1827:29, 37 (no. 77) [Giornale di fisica, chimica e storia naturale, medicina, ed arti. (series 2) Dec. II, v. 10; ref. 3146] Adriatic Sea (Mediterranean Sea). No types known. Also in Nardo 1827:col. 479 and 485 [ref. 19740]. •Synonym of Chelidonichthys gurnardus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (P. Parenti, pers. comm.). •Synonym of Eutrigla gurnardus (Linnaeus 1758). Current status: Synonym of Eutrigla gurnardus (Linnaeus 1758). Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

roseum, Peristedion Miranda Ribeiro [A. de] 1903:180 [37] [Boletim Sociedade Nacional Agricultura, Rio de Janeiro [Lavoura] 1903 (nos 4-7); ref. 3709] East-southeast of Ilha Rasa, off coast of Brazil, depth 100 meters. Lectotype: MNRJ 1691A. Paralectotypes: (9) MNRJ 1449 (5), 1691 (1). Type catalog: Miranda Ribeiro 1955:403 [ref. 12732], Miranda Ribeiro 1961:8 [ref. 22040]. On p. 37 of separate. Lectotype selected by Miranda Ribeiro 1953:403 [ref. 12732] [but perhaps specimen not isolated]. •Synonym of Peristedion altipinne Regan 1903. Current status: Synonym of Peristedion altipinne Regan 1903. Triglidae: Peristediinae. Habitat: marine.

roseus, Prionotus Jordan [D. S.] & Evermann [B. W.] 1887:470 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 9 (no. 586); ref. 2441] Off Tampa Bay, Florida, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): USNM 37989. •Valid as Prionotus roseus Jordan & Evermann 1887 -- (Ross 1983:26 [ref. 36592], Uyeno & Sato in Uyeno et al. 1983:443 [ref. 14275], Robins & Ray 1986:280 [ref. 23100], Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981], Cervigón 1991:300 [ref. 24472], Boschung 1992:100 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:453 [ref. 23827], Aguilera 1998:48 [ref. 24221], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:244 [ref. 24550], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:156 [ref. 27754], Richards & Miller 2003:1275 [ref. 27049], Moura & Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:74 [ref. 27192], Nelson et al. 2004:117 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:65 [ref. 28815], Page et al. 2013:120 [ref. 32708], Caires et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:615 [ref. 38945], Carvalho-Filho 2023:105 [ref. 40480], Page et al. 2023:182 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Prionotus roseus Jordan & Evermann 1887. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: North Carolina (U.S.A.) south to Rio de Janeiro (Brazil), including Gulf of Mexico, and southern and eastern Caribbean Sea. IUCN (2015): Least Concern. Habitat: brackish, marine.

rubescens, Trigla Cabrera y Corro [A.], Pérez [L.] & Hänseler [F.] in Machado 1857:24 [Catálogo de los peces que habitán ó frecuentan las costas de Cadiz y Huelva con inclusion de los del Rio Guadalquivir.; ref. 17320] Western Andalusia, near Cádiz, Spain, eastern Atlantic. Name only; not available. Name from Cabrera y Corro, Pérez & Hänseler 1817:8, 14 [ref. 17319]. Also appeared in Graells 1887:182, 188 [ref.30438]. •Probably in family Triglidae. Nomen Nudum. Triglidae.

rubescens, Trigla Cabrera y Corro [A.], Pérez [L.] & Hänseler [F.] 1817:8, 14 [Lista de los peces del mar de Andalucía; ref. 17319] Western Andalusia, near Cádiz, Spain, eastern Atlantic. Name only, not available. Possibly an unpublished work. See also Trigla rubescens Cabrera y Corro, Pérez & Hänseler in Machado 1857:24 [ref. 17320]. •Probably in family Triglidae. Nomen Nudum. Triglidae.

rubio, Prionotus Jordan [D. S.] 1886:50 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 9 (no. 551); ref. 2386] Havana, Cuba. Lectotype: CAS 29107 [ex IU 87]. New name for Prionotus punctatus of some authors, including Jordan & Gilbert 1883:956 [ref. 2476]. Lectotype selected by Miller & Richards 1991:759 [ref. 15981]. •Valid as Prionotus rubio Jordan 1886 -- (Ross 1983:44 [ref. 36592], Robins & Ray 1986:280 [ref. 23100], Miller & Richards 1991:759 [ref. 15981], Cervigón 1991:304 [ref. 24472], Boschung 1992:101 [ref. 23239], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:245 [ref. 24550], Richards & Miller 2003:1276 [ref. 27049], Nelson et al. 2004:117 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:66 [ref. 28815], Bagley et al. 2023:322 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:182 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Prionotus rubio Jordan 1886. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: brackish, marine.

rugosum, Acanthostedion Fowler [H. W.] 1943:76, Fig. 17 [Bulletin of the United States National Museum No. 100, v. 14 (pt 2); ref. 1441] Off Malabrigo Light, east coast of Mindoro, Philippines, 13°27'20"N, 121°17'45"E, Albatross station D.5121, depth 108 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 99501. Paratypes: USNM 99502 (7). •Valid as Satyrichthys rugosus (Fowler 1943) -- (Kawai 2008:26 [ref. 29787]). •Synonym of Satyrichthys clavilapis Fowler 1938 -- (Kawai & Takata 2009:95 [ref. 30369], Kawai 2013:422 [ref. 32560]). Current status: Synonym of Satyrichthys clavilapis Fowler 1938. Triglidae: Peristediinae. Habitat: marine.

ruscarius, Prionotus Gilbert [C. H.] & Starks [E. C.] 1904:165, Pl. 27 (figs. 50-50a) [Memoirs of the California Academy of Sciences v. 4; ref. 1639] Panama. Holotype: CAS-SU 6488. Paratypes: BMNH 1903.5.15.81-83 (3?); CAS-SU 6488 (1), 6967 (2); USNM 50380 (1); ZMB 16008 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:125 [ref. 12291], Paepke & Fricke 1992:277 [ref. 19946]. Holotype established in caption to Pl. 27. •Valid as Prionotus ruscarius Gilbert & Starks 1904 -- (Pequeño 1989:57 [ref. 14125], Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1993:88 [ref. 21807], Bussing & López S. 1994:86 [ref. 23101], Bussing in Fischer et al. 1995:1648 [ref. 22830], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:300 [ref. 24545], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:265 [ref. 24555], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:246 [ref. 24550], Nelson et al. 2004:117 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:82 [ref. 37547], Page et al. 2013:120 [ref. 32708], Robertson et al. 2017:79 [ref. 35676], González-Murcia et al. 2019:306 [ref. 36544], Robertson et al. 2020:142 [ref. 37769], Love et al. 2021:114 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:182 [ref. 40505], Siccha-Ramirez et al. 2023:378 [ref. 40816]). Current status: Valid as Prionotus ruscarius Gilbert & Starks 1904. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Pacific coast of southern Baja California Sur (Mexico) south to Chile, including Gulf of California (Mexico). Habitat: marine.

russelli, Lepidotrigla del Cerro [L.] & Lloris [D.] 1995:178, Figs. 1-4 [The Beagle, Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory v. 12; ref. 22670] Northeast of Goulburn Island, Northern Territory, Australia, depth 55 meters. Holotype: NTMS 11953-003. Paratypes: IIPB 54/1993 (1), 55/1993 (1), 56/1993 (1); NTM S.419 (1), S.509 (1), S.578-579 (1, 1), S.597-600 (1, 1, 1, 1), S.638 (1), S.1131 (1), S.10053-002 (1), S.11614-007 (1), S.11953-012 (1). Type catalog: Allué et al. 2000:100 [ref. 30499]. •Valid as Lepidotrigla russelli del Cerro & Lloris 1995 -- (del Cerro & Lloris 1997:51 [ref. 22811], Hutchins 2001:28 [ref. 25847], Paxton et al. 2006:925 [ref. 29074], Larson et al. 2013:87 [ref. 32988], Gloerfelt-Tarp & Kailola 2022:125 [ref. 41223]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla russelli del Cerro & Lloris 1995. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean, western Pacific: northern Australia. Habitat: marine.

ryukyuensis, Pterygotrigla Matsubara [K.] & Hiyama [J.] 1932:11, Figs. 4-5 [Journal of the Imperial Fisheries Institute v. 28 (no. 1); ref. 16501] Ryukyu Islands, Japan. Holotype (unique): lost in WWII. •Valid as Pterygotrigla ryukyuensis Matsubara & Hiyama 1932 -- (Ochiai & Yatou in Masuda et al. 1984:334 [ref. 6441], Chen et al. 1997:171 [ref. 26476], Richards 1999:2379 [ref. 24797], Nakabo 2000:605 [ref. 25086], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122], Hutchins 2001:28 [ref. 25847], Shinohara et al. 2001:317 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:605 [ref. 26001], Shinohara et al. 2005:427 [ref. 28370], Paxton et al. 2006:929 [ref. 29074], Last & Richards 2012:39 [ref. 31796], Richards & Yato 2012:56 [ref. 32168] dated to Kamohara 1958, Larson et al. 2013:89 [ref. 32988], Gloerfelt-Tarp & Kailola 2022:127 [ref. 41223]). Current status: Valid as Pterygotrigla ryukyuensis Matsubara & Hiyama 1932. Triglidae: Pterygotriglinae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean and western Pacific: Indonesia and South China Sea north to southern Japan, south to northern Western Australia. Habitat: marine.

salmonicolor, Merulinus Fowler [H. W.] 1903:333 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 55; ref. 15028] New River, Dade County, Florida, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): ANSP 24343. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:164 [ref. 13621]. •Valid as Prionotus salmonicolor (Fowler 1903) -- (Ross 1983:33 [ref. 36592]). •Synonym of Prionotus rubio Jordan 1886 -- (Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:245 [ref. 24550]). Current status: Synonym of Prionotus rubio Jordan 1886. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

sarritor, Prionotus Jordan [D. S.] & Gilbert [C. H.] 1883:615 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 5 (no. 328); ref. 2473] North/South Carolina coast, U.S.A. Syntypes: USNM 29675 (1). •Synonym of Prionotus evolans (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981], Richards & Miller 2003:1273 [ref. 27049]). Current status: Synonym of Prionotus evolans (Linnaeus 1766). Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

saumarez, Pterygotrigla Last [P. R.] & Richards [W. J.] 2012:43, Figs. 3-5 [Zootaxa No. 3195; ref. 31796] Queensland, Australia, south of Saumarez Reef, 22°10'S, 153°29'E, depth 303-333 meters. Holotype: CSIRO H 712-07. Paratypes: CSIRO H 646-04 (1), 648-06 (1), 709-03 (1), 712-08 (1); QM I 1924 (1), 19934 (1). •Valid as Pterygotrigla saumarez Last & Richards 2012 -- (Richards & Yato 2012:62 [ref. 32168]). Current status: Valid as Pterygotrigla saumarez Last & Richards 2012. Triglidae: Pterygotriglinae. Distribution: Queensland, Australia. Habitat: marine.

sayademalha, Lepidotrigla Richards [W. J.] 1992:47, Figs. 2-3 [Bulletin of Marine Science v. 51 (no. 1); ref. 20654] Indian Ocean, Saya de Malha Bank, 10°49'S, 62°22'E, depth 115 meters. Holotype: USNM 322084. Paratypes: AMS I.32704-001 (1); BMNH 1992.3.23 [or 25].31 (1); CAS 77306 (1); FAKU 58826 (1); HUMZ 73191 (1); LACM 45538-1 (1); MCZ 98707 (1); MNHN 1992-0217 (1); NMV A9960 (1); SAIAB [formerly RUSI] 37573 (1); USNM 322085 (2, 1 c&s); ZMMU P-18830 (3). Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:79 [ref. 25714]. •Valid as Lepidotrigla sayademalha Richards 1992 -- (del Cerro & Lloris 1997:51 [ref. 22811], Richards 2022:609 [ref. 39730]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla sayademalha Richards 1992. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: Saya de Malha Bank endemic. Habitat: marine.

schmitti, Peristedion Teague [G. W.] 1961:16, Pl. 3; Fig. 2a [Anales del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Montevideo (Serie 2) v. 7 (no. 2); ref. 9382] Tortugas Islands, Florida, Gulf of Mexico, U.S.A. Holotype: USNM 117055. Paratypes: (4) USNM 177726 (7). •Synonym of Peristedion thompsoni Fowler 1952 -- (Miller 1967:17 [ref. 7978], Miller & Richards 2003:1284 [ref. 27050]). Current status: Synonym of Peristedion thompsoni Fowler 1952. Triglidae: Peristediinae. Habitat: marine.

scitulus, Prionotus Jordan [D. S.] & Gilbert [C. H.] 1882:288 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 5 (no. 282); ref. 2472] Pensacola, Florida and Beaufort, North Carolina, U.S.A. Syntypes: USNM 15148 (1) Florida. Based on Prionotus punctatus (non Bloch 1793) of Jordan & Gilbert 1879:373 [ref. 2465], and on one specimen; authors state the "The original types were obtained by us at Beaufort..." •Valid as Prionotus scitulus Jordan & Gilbert 1882 -- (Ross 1983:9 [ref. 36592], Robins & Ray 1986:280 [ref. 23100], Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981], Boschung 1992:101 [ref. 23239], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:244 [ref. 24550], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:156 [ref. 27754], Richards & Miller 2003:1276 [ref. 27049], Nelson et al. 2004:117 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:67 [ref. 28815], García-Hernández et al. 2009:92 [ref. 37265], Page et al. 2013:120 [ref. 32708], Bagley et al. 2023:322 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:182 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Prionotus scitulus Jordan & Gilbert 1882. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Virginia (U.S.A.) and Bermuda south to Florida (U.S.A.) and Bahamas south to southern Argentina, including northern, western and southern Gulf of Mexico, to northern Quintana Roo (Mexico). IUCN (2015): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.

semidentatus, Gargariscus Smith [H. M.] 1917:145 [Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington v. 30; ref. 4045] Mindanao Sea, off Tawi-Tawi, Philippines, depth 169 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 78249. Paratypes: USNM 98906-13 (2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0), 98978 (1), 135937 (1). •Synonym of Gargariscus prionocephalus (Duméril 1869) -- (Richards 1999:2366 [ref. 24797], Paxton et al. 2006:923 [ref. 29074], Kawai 2008:22 [ref. 29787]). Current status: Synonym of Gargariscus prionocephalus (Duméril 1869). Triglidae: Peristediinae. Habitat: marine.

senegalensis, Chelidonichthys Puyo [J.] 1957:182 [1], Fig. 1 [Bulletin de la Société d'Histoire Naturelle de Toulouse v. 92; ref. 12103] Senegal River. No types known. On p. 1 of separate. •Synonym of Chelidonichthys gabonensis (Poll & Roux 1955) -- (Richards 1968:98 [ref. 7911], Richards & Saksena 1990:681 [ref. 17757], Richards 2016:2304 [ref. 35044]). Current status: Synonym of Chelidonichthys gabonensis (Poll & Roux 1955). Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: marine.

sereti, Lepidotrigla del Cerro [L.] & Lloris [D.] 1997:111, Fig. 4 [Mémoires du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris (N. S.) (Série A) Zoologie v. 174; ref. 22944] Chesterfield and Bellona Plateaus, 24°48.9'S, 159°40.9'E, MUSORSTOM 5, station CH 271, depth 258-269 meters. Holotype: MNHN 1994-32. Paratypes: BMNH 1994.5.17.5 (1), IIPB-5/1994 (1), MNHN 1994-0033 (1). Type catalog: Allué et al. 2000:100 [ref. 30499]. •Valid as Lepidotrigla sereti del Cerro & Lloris 1997 -- (Richards 1999:2362 [ref. 24797], Fricke et al. 2011:381 [ref. 31242]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla sereti del Cerro & Lloris 1997. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Western South Pacific: Chesterfield Islands (New Caledonia). Habitat: marine.

serrata, Trigla Günther [A.] 1860:193 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 2; ref. 1963] Not available, name on specimen mentioned under Prionotus punctatus. See also Trigla serrata Cabrera 1857 (nomen nudum). Nomen Nudum. Triglidae.

serridens, Lepidotrigla Hilgendorf [F. M.] 1879:107 [Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin 1879; ref. 21467] Tokyo, Japan. Holotype (unique): ZMB 6996. Type catalog: Paepke & Fricke 1992:277 [ref. 19946]. •Synonym of Lepidotrigla microptera Günther 1873 -- (Richards 1992:63 [ref. 20654]). Current status: Synonym of Lepidotrigla microptera Günther 1873. Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: marine.

serrulatum, Peristethus Alcock [A. W.] 1898:153 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 2 (no. 8) (art. 22); ref. 92] Andaman Sea, 13°17'15"N, 93°10'25"E, Investigator station 233, depth 185 fathoms. Lectotype: ZSI F296/1. Paralectotype: ZSI F297/1 (1). Type catalog: Menon & Yazdani 1968:156 [ref. 20743], Menon & Rama-Rao 1975:43 [ref. 22148]. Figured in Alcock 1899: Pl. 25 (figs. 2, 2a) [ref. 20535]. Lectotype selected by Kawai 2019:454 [ref. 36680]. •Valid as Satyrichthys serrulatus (Alcock 1898) -- (Yatou in Okamura et al. 1982:285, 400 [ref. 8256], Ochiai & Yatou in Masuda et al. 1984:335 [ref. 6441], Richards 1999:2363 [ref. 24797], Nakabo 2000:612 [ref. 25086], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122], Shinohara et al. 2001:318 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:612 [ref. 26001]). •Valid as Scalicus serrulatus (Alcock 1898) -- (Kawai 2008:27 [ref. 29787], Kawai 2011:67 [ref. 31142], Kawai 2019:452 [ref. 36680], Psomadakis et al. 2020:372 [ref. 37272]). Current status: Valid as Scalicus serrulatus (Alcock 1898). Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Saya de Malha Bank, Andaman Sea, Indonesia, Kyushu-Palau Ridge, Japan and Emperor Seamount Chain. Habitat: marine.

sicula, Trigla Swainson [W.] 1839:426 [The natural history and classification v. 2; ref. 4303] Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. •Synonym of Chelidonichthys cuculus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Richards 1968:90 [ref. 7911], Richards 2016:2303 [ref. 35044]). Current status: Synonym of Chelidonichthys cuculus (Linnaeus 1758). Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

smithii, Lepidotrigla Regan [C. T.] 1905:22, Pl. 2 (fig. 4) [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 15 (no. 85) (art. 2); ref. 3624] Inland Sea, Japan. Syntypes: BMNH 1905.6.6.299-303 (5). •Synonym of Lepidotrigla kishinouyi Snyder 1911 [as kishinouyei] -- (Lindberg & Krasyukova 1987:104 [ref. 15964], Richards 1992:63 [ref. 20654]). Current status: Synonym of Lepidotrigla kishinouyi Snyder 1911. Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: marine.

soela, Pterygotrigla (Otohime) Richards [W. J.], Yato [T.] & Last [P. R.] 2003:10, Figs. 10-11 [Smithiana. Publications in Aquatic Biodiversity Bull. 2; ref. 27122] Coral Sea, off Cairns, Queensland, Australia, Pacific, 17°35.3'S, 149°56.9'E to 17°33.8'S, 149°52.9'E, depth 302 meters. Holotype: CSIRO H 580-02. Paratypes: CSIRO H 769-02 (1); MNHN 1995-498 to 505 (1, 5, 2, 2, 2, 3, 2, 15). •Valid as Pterygotrigla soela Richards, Yato & Last 2003 -- (Paxton et al. 2006:929 [ref. 29074], Last & Richards 2012:39 [ref. 31796], Yato & Heemstra 2019:198 [ref. 37164]). Current status: Valid as Pterygotrigla soela Richards, Yato & Last 2003. Triglidae: Pterygotriglinae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific: Queensland, Australia to Chesterfield Islands. Habitat: marine.

sphinx, Trigla Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829:83 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 4; ref. 998] Indian seas. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000-6913. Type catalog: Blanc & Hureau 1968:38 [ref. 20738]. Appeared first as name only in Cuvier 1829:160 [ref. 995]. •Synonym of Lepidotrigla papilio (Cuvier 1829) -- (Paxton et al. 1989:455 [ref. 12442], Richards 1992:63 [ref. 20654], Gomon et al. 1994:500 [ref. 22532], Paxton et al. 2006:925 [ref. 29074]). Current status: Synonym of Lepidotrigla papilio (Cuvier 1829). Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: marine.

spiloptera, Lepidotrigla Günther [A.] 1880:42, Pl. 18 (fig. C) [Report on the shore fishes procured during the voyage of H. M. S. Challenger in the years 1873-1876 v. 1 (pt 6); ref. 2011] Kai Islands, Challenger station 192, Indonesia, Banda Sea [western Pacific Ocean], depth 129 fathoms. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1879.5.14.269. •Valid as Lepidotrigla spiloptera Günther 1880 -- (Richards & Saksena 1977:218 [ref. 5285], Dor 1984:89 [ref. 29757], Paxton et al. 1989:455 [ref. 12442], Manilo 1992:22 [131] [ref. 39140], Richards 1992:63 [ref. 20654], Baranes & Golani 1993:305 [ref. 22372], Goren & Dor 1994:22 [ref. 25356], Randall 1995:115 [ref. 22896], Richards 1999:2368 [ref. 24797], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S103 [ref. 27377], Paxton et al. 2006:925 [ref. 29074], Larson et al. 2013:88 [ref. 32988], Psomadakis et al. 2015:190 [ref. 34104], Fricke et al. 2018:138 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:58 [ref. 36273], Gomon & Kawai 2018:643 [ref. 36285], Eagderi et al. 2019:130 [ref. 37020], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 29 [ref. 38321], Matsunuma & Tashiro 2020:151 [ref. 37726], Gloerfelt-Tarp & Kailola 2022:125 [ref. 41223], Richards 2022:609 [ref. 39730], Moazzam & Osmany 2023:576 [ref. 40712]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla spiloptera Günther 1880. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Red Sea; Indo-West Pacific: East Africa (Somalia, Tanzania), Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to Philippines, north to Taiwan, south to Queensland (Australia). Habitat: marine.

spiniger, Peristedion Longley [W. H.] & Hildebrand [S. F.] 1940:253, Fig. 15 [Papers Tortugas Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington v. 32; ref. 2822] Locality unknown, depth 295-325 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 108866. Paratypes: (19) USNM 108874 (2), ?117062 (11). •Synonym of Peristedion truncatum (Günther 1880) -- (Miller 1967:39 [ref. 7978], Miller & Richards 2003:1284 [ref. 27050]). Current status: Synonym of Peristedion truncatum (Günther 1880). Triglidae: Peristediinae. Habitat: marine.

spinosa, Lepidotrigla Gomon [M. F.] 1987:18, Fig. 1 [Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria v. 48 (no. 1); ref. 17667] Albany, Western Australia, 35°00'S, 117°52'E, depth 38-45 meters. Holotype: NMV A3728. Paratypes: NMV A.2860 (1), A.2877 (1), A.2893 (1), A3730 (3); SAMA F791 (5), F101 (1), F121 (4). •Valid as Lepidotrigla spinosa Gomon 1987 -- (Richards 1992:63 [ref. 20654], Gomon et al. 1994:500 [ref. 22532], Hutchins 2001:28 [ref. 25847], Paxton et al. 2006:926 [ref. 29074], Gomon & Last 2008:512 [ref. 30651], Hoschke et al. 2019:155 [ref. 36626]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla spinosa Gomon 1987. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Southeastern Indian Ocean: Western Australia, South Australia. Habitat: marine.

spinosa, Pterygotrigla Asano [H.] & Okamura [O.] 1963:49, Fig. 1 [Bulletin of the Misaki Marine Biological Institute, Kyoto University No. 4; ref. 1199] Tonking Bay, China, 17°12'N, 108°40'E, depth 95 meters. Holotype: FAKU S526. Paratypes: FAKU S315 (1), S499 (1), S500 (1), S523 (1), S524 (1), S525 (1). •Synonym of Pterygotrigla tagala (Herre & Kauffman 1952) -- (Richards et al. 2003:11 [ref. 27122]). Current status: Synonym of Pterygotrigla tagala (Herre & Kauffman 1952). Triglidae: Pterygotriglinae. Habitat: marine.

spinosa, Trigla McClelland [J.] 1843:396, Pl. 22 (fig. 2) [Calcutta Journal of Natural History v. 4 (no. 4) (for 1844); ref. 2927] China. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Trigla kumu Cuvier 1829 -- (Lindberg & Krasyukova 1987:96 [ref. 15964]). •Valid as Chelidonichthys spinosus (McClelland 1843) -- (Ochiai & Yatou in Masuda et al. 1984:333 [ref. 6441], Yatou in Okamura et al. 1985:575, 721 [ref. 8056], Richards 1999:2365 [ref. 24797], Nakabo 2000:606 [ref. 25086], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:606 [ref. 25122], Shimizu 2001:26 [ref. 25799], Nakabo 2002:606 [ref. 26001], Parin et al. 2002:S65 [ref. 28300], Shinohara et al. 2005:426 [ref. 28370], Motomura et al. 2010:94 [ref. 31256], Shinohara et al. 2011:43 [ref. 31715], Shinohara et al. 2014:243 [ref. 33300], Parin et al. 2014:226 [ref. 33547], Kim et al. 2020:97 [ref. 39118], Sonoyama et al. 2020:47 [ref. 37637], Teramura et al. 2021:11 [ref. 38506]). Current status: Valid as Chelidonichthys spinosus (McClelland 1843). Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific: Vietnam, southern China and Taiwan north to Korea and Japan. Habitat: marine.

spirai, Pterygotrigla Golani [D.] & Baranes [A.] 1997:187, Figs. 2-4 [Israel Journal of Zoology v. 43; ref. 22967] Eilat, Gulf of Aqaba, Israel, Red Sea, depth 350 meters. Holotype: HUJ 18087. Paratypes: AMS I.36612-001 (1); BMNH 1997.1.2.1 (1); BPBM 36793 (1); CAS 82478 (1); FMNH 105221 (1); HUJ 11396 (1), 13728 (1), 13956-57 (2, 1), 13960 (3), 14002 (8), 17577-78 (2, 3), 18062 (2); MNHN 1995-1000 (1); SAIAB [formerly RUSI] 53796 (1); SMNS 16811 (1); USNM 343800 (1). Type catalog: Golani 2006:25 [ref. 28840], Fricke 2005:63 [ref. 29864]. •Valid as Pterygotrigla spirai Golani & Baranes 1997 -- (Last & Richards 2012:39 [ref. 31796], Bogorodsky & Randall 2018:[23] 261 [ref. 36492], Golani & Fricke 2018:58 [ref. 36273], Yato & Heemstra 2019:197 [ref. 37164], Roy et al. 2023:[6] [ref. 40498]). Current status: Valid as Pterygotrigla spirai Golani & Baranes 1997. Triglidae: Pterygotriglinae. Distribution: Northern Red Sea endemic: Gulf of Aqaba. Habitat: marine.

stearnsi, Prionotus Jordan [D. S.] & Swain [J.] 1885:541 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 7 (no. 465); ref. 10649] Pensacola, Florida, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): USNM 36943. •Valid as Prionotus stearnsi Jordan & Swain 1885 -- (Ross 1983:42 [ref. 36592], Uyeno & Sato in Uyeno et al. 1983:444 [ref. 14275] as stearnsii, Robins & Ray 1986:281 [ref. 23100], Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981], Cervigón 1991:302 [ref. 24472], Boschung 1992:101 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:453 [ref. 23827], Aguilera 1998:48 [ref. 24221], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:245 [ref. 24550], Richards & Miller 2003:1276 [ref. 27049], Nelson et al. 2004:117 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:68 [ref. 28815], Page et al. 2013:120 [ref. 32708], Klautau et al. 2020:9 [ref. 37903], Page et al. 2023:182 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Prionotus stearnsi Jordan & Swain 1885. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

stephanophrys, Prionotus Lockington [W. N.] 1881:529 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 3 (no. 182); ref. 17553] Point Reyes, near San Francisco, California, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): USNM 27048. •Valid as Prionotus stephanophrys Lockington 1881 -- (Eschmeyer & Herald 1983:154 [ref. 9277], Meléndez C. 1987:1 [ref. 37227], Pequeño 1989:57 [ref. 14125], Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1993:89 [ref. 21807], Allen & Robertson 1994:103 [ref. 22193], Bussing & López S. 1994:84 [ref. 23101], Bussing in Fischer et al. 1995:1648 [ref. 22830], Franke & Acero P. 1996:766 [ref. 22923], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:300 [ref. 24545], De la Cruz-Agüero & Cota-Gómez 1998:357 [ref. 23520], Richards & McCosker 1998:940 [ref. 23599], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:264 [ref. 24555], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:245 [ref. 24550], Lea & Rosenblatt 2000:121 [ref. 25206], Nelson et al. 2004:117 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:82 [ref. 37547], McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:191 [ref. 30957], Page et al. 2013:120 [ref. 32708], Galván-Villa et al. 2016:145 [ref. 34871], Kells et al. 2016:156 [ref. 35888], Robertson et al. 2017:80 [ref. 35676], Burton & Lea 2019:63 [ref. 37205], González-Murcia et al. 2019:306 [ref. 36544], Robertson et al. 2020:142 [ref. 37769], Walker et al. 2020:4 [ref. 37499], Love et al. 2021:114 [ref. 39279], Grove et al. 2022:21 [ref. 41326], Page et al. 2023:182 [ref. 40505], Siccha-Ramirez et al. 2023:379 [ref. 40816]). Current status: Valid as Prionotus stephanophrys Lockington 1881. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Washington (U.S.A.) south to Chile, including Gulf of California (Mexico) and Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). Habitat: brackish, marine.

stigmapteron, Lepidotrigla Fowler [H. W.] 1934:487, Fig. 46 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 86; ref. 1419] Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, southwestern Indian Ocean. Holotype: ANSP 54803. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:164 [ref. 13621]. •Synonym of Lepidotrigla faurei Gilchrist & Thompson 1914 -- (Richards & Saksena 1977:216 [ref. 5285], Heemstra 1986:488 [ref. 5660], Richards 1992:63 [ref. 20654]). Current status: Synonym of Lepidotrigla faurei Gilchrist & Thompson 1914. Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: marine.

strauchii, Trigla (Lepidotrigla) Steindachner [F.] 1876:214 [166] [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 74 (1. Abth.); ref. 4225] Hakodate, Oshima Subprefecture, Hokkaidō, Japan. Syntypes: (several) NMW On p. 166 of separate. •Synonym of Lepidotrigla microptera Günther 1873 -- (Lindberg & Krasyukova 1987:105 [ref. 15964] as strauchi, Richards 1992:63 [ref. 20654], Parin et al. 2002:S66 [ref. 28300], Parin et al. 2014:227 [ref. 33547]). Current status: Synonym of Lepidotrigla microptera Günther 1873. Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: marine.

strigata, Trigla Cuvier [G.] 1829:161 [Le Règne Animal (Edition 2) v. 2; ref. 995] New York, U.S.A. Cuvier specimens: MNHN 0000-7014 (1) New York, A-0620 (1) New York. Type catalog: Blanc & Hureau 1968:33 [ref. 20738] dated to ref. 998. Available from footnote as, "Tr. strigata, Nob., evolans, Lin., ou lineata Mitchill., Trans. de New-Y., I, pl. iv, f. 4." Also in Cuvier in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829:86 [ref. 998] as Prionotus strigatus. •Synonym of Prionotus evolans (Linnaeus 1766). Current status: Synonym of Prionotus evolans (Linnaeus 1766). Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

swainsonii, Trigla Leach [W. E.] in Swainson 1839:419 [The natural history and classification v. 2; ref. 4303] Western coasts of Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. •Synonym of Chelidonichthys lucernus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Richards 1968:94 [ref. 7911]). •Synonym of Chelidonichthys lucerna (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Richards 2016:2306 [ref. 35044]). Current status: Synonym of Chelidonichthys lucerna (Linnaeus 1758). Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

taeniopterum, Peristedion Fowler [H. W.] 1952:5, Figs. 1-2 [Notulae Naturae (Philadelphia) No. 246; ref. 12771] Southeast of Sombrero Key Light, Florida, U.S.A., depth 70 fathoms. Holotype: ANSP 71952. Paratypes: ANSP 71953-54 (2), 71955 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:164 [ref. 13621]. •Synonym of Peristedion gracile Goode & Bean 1896 -- (Miller 1967:17 [ref. 7978]). Current status: Synonym of Peristedion gracile Goode & Bean 1896. Triglidae: Peristediinae. Habitat: marine.

tagala, Otohime Herre [A. W. C. T.] & Kauffman [D. E.] 1952:27 [Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington v. 65; ref. 11044] Manila Bay, Philippines, depth 64 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 202506 [ex UW 18957]. Paratypes: USNM 202565 [ex UW 11515] (3), 202566 [ex UW 11516] (1), UW (5). Type catalog: Meldrim & Wadley 1968:873 [ref. 31181]. •Valid as Pterygotrigla tagala (Herre & Kauffman 1952) -- (del Cerro & Lloris 1997:119 [ref. 22944], Richards 1999:2380 [ref. 24797], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122], Richards et al. 2003:11 [ref. 27122], Fricke et al. 2011:381 [ref. 31242], Last & Richards 2012:39 [ref. 31796], Yoshida et al. 2013:87 [ref. 34464], Yato & Heemstra 2019:197 [ref. 37164]). Current status: Valid as Pterygotrigla tagala (Herre & Kauffman 1952). Triglidae: Pterygotriglinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Philippines, South China Sea to Chesterfield Islands (New Caledonia). Habitat: marine.

tanydactyla, Lepidotrigla Gomon [M. F.] & Kawai [T.] 2018:647, Figs. 16-17 [Raffles Bulletin of Zoology v. 66; ref. 36285] Saleh Bay, Sumbawa, Indonesia, 08.27°S, 117.47°E, depth 150-280 meters. Holotype: MZB 24603 [ex QMB I.25969]. Paratypes: NTM, QMB. •Valid as Lepidotrigla tanydactyla Gomon & Kawai 2018 -- (Gloerfelt-Tarp & Kailola 2022:125 [ref. 41223]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla tanydactyla Gomon & Kawai 2018. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean: Sumbawa (southern Indonesia). Habitat: marine.

teaguei, Prionotus Briggs [J. C.] 1956:101, Fig. 2 [Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Sciences v. 19 (nos 2-3); ref. 12181] 14 miles southeast of Judas Point, Costa Rica, eastern Pacific, 9°19'32"N, 84°29'30"W. Holotype: CAS-SU 46380 [ex NYZS]. Type catalog: Mead 1958:134 [ref. 20648]. •Status uncertain, based on a juvenile -- (Miller & Richards 1991:761 [ref. 15981]). •Valid as Prionotus teaguei Briggs 1956 -- (Bussing & López S. 1994:84 [ref. 23101], Bussing in Fischer et al. 1995:1648 [ref. 22830]). Current status: Valid as Prionotus teaguei Briggs 1956. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Costa Rica south to Colombia. Habitat: marine.

teraoi, Lepidotrigla Matsubara [K.] & Hiyama [J.] 1932:29, Fig. 11 [Journal of the Imperial Fisheries Institute v. 28 (no. 1); ref. 16501] Tokyo Bay, Japan. Holotype: FAKU 1 (lost). •Synonym of Lepidotrigla guentheri Hilgendorf 1879 -- (Lindberg & Krasyukova 1987:101 [ref. 15964], Richards 1992:63 [ref. 20654]). Current status: Synonym of Lepidotrigla guentheri Hilgendorf 1879. Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: marine.

thompsoni, Peristedion Fowler [H. W.] 1952:7, Figs. 3-4 [Notulae Naturae (Philadelphia) No. 246; ref. 12771] South of Sombrero Key Light, Florida, U.S.A., depth 80 fathoms. Holotype: ANSP 71956. Paratypes: ANSP 71957 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:164 [ref. 13621]. •Valid as Peristedion thompsoni Fowler 1952 -- (Miller 1967:17 [ref. 7978], Burgess et al. 1980:79 [ref. 41504], Miller & Richards 2003:1284 [ref. 27050], Moore et al. 2003:222 [ref. 27076], Moura & Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:74 [ref. 27192], Nelson et al. 2004:117 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:81 [ref. 28815], Kawai 2008:24 [ref. 29787], Page et al. 2013:120 [ref. 32708], Lins Oliveira et al. 2015:141 [ref. 37485], Page et al. 2023:182 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Peristedion thompsoni Fowler 1952. Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: North Carolina (U.S.A.) south to Brazil, including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. Habitat: marine.

tokiensis, Lepidotrigla Döderlein [L.] in Steindachner & Döderlein 1887:264 [8] [Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe. v. 53 (1. abth.); ref. 4249] Japan. Syntypes: (2) ?ZMB 12071 (1) Tokyo. Type catalog: Paepke & Fricke 1992:277 [ref. 19946], Amaoka & Fujii 1999:162 [ref. 26515]. Not available, appeared in synonymy of Lepidotrigla microptera Günther 1873; see Steindachner in Steindachner & Döderlein 1887:264 [ref. 4249]. •Synonym of Lepidotrigla microptera Günther 1873 -- (Paepke & Fricke 1992:277 [ref. 19946]). Current status: Synonym of Lepidotrigla microptera Günther 1873. Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: marine.

tribulus, Prionotus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829:98, Pl. 74 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 4; ref. 998] New York; Carolinas, U.S.A. Syntypes: MNHN 0000-5241 (2) New York, 0000-6881 (2) New York, 0000-6943 (2) New York, 0000-6944 (2) New York; SMF 1378 [ex MNHN in 1830] (1) New York; ZMB 680 (1) Carolina. Type catalog: Blanc & Hureau 1968:33-34 [ref. 20738], Paepke & Fricke 1992:277 [ref. 19946]. •Valid as Prionotus tribulus Cuvier 1829 -- (Ross 1983:15 [ref. 36592], Robins & Ray 1986:281 [ref. 23100], Miller & Richards 1991:761 [ref. 15981], Boschung 1992:101 [ref. 23239], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:242 [ref. 24550], Richards & Miller 2003:1277 [ref. 27049], Nelson et al. 2004:117 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:69 [ref. 28815], García-Hernández et al. 2009:92 [ref. 37265], Page et al. 2013:120 [ref. 32708], Raz-Guzmán et al. 2018:346 [ref. 36407], Bagley et al. 2023:322 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:182 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Prionotus tribulus Cuvier 1829. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: including Gulf of Mexico. Habitat: marine.

tribulus, Trigla Cuvier [G.] 1829:161 [Le Règne Animal (Edition 2) v. 2; ref. 995] Name only, not available; named Prionotus tribulus in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829:98, Pl. 74 [ref. 998]. Nomen Nudum. Triglidae.

trigloides, Dactylopterus Swainson [W.] 1839:262, 417 [The natural history and classification v. 2; ref. 4303] Original as trigloïdes. Genus as Dactylophorus on p. 262. Evidently an unneeded new name for Trigla corvus Rafinesque 1810. Triglidae. Habitat: marine.

trinitatis, Prionotus Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.] 1896:no page number, Pl. 112 (fig. 383) [Special Bulletin U. S. National Museum No. 2; ref. 1848] Appears in error only in caption for Fig. 383 which corresponds to P. beanii on p. 468. •In the synonymy of Prionotus beanii Goode 1896 -- (Miller & Richards 1991:761 [ref. 15981]). Current status: Synonym of Prionotus beanii Goode 1896. Triglidae: Prionotinae.

truncata, Lepidotrigla Matsubara [K.] & Hiyama [J.] 1932:46, Fig. 16 [Journal of the Imperial Fisheries Institute v. 28 (no. 1); ref. 16501] Nagasaki, Japan. Holotype (unique): FAKU 16 (lost). •Synonym of Lepidotrigla microptera Günther 1873 -- (Lindberg & Krasyukova 1987:105 [ref. 15964], Richards 1992:63 [ref. 20654]). Current status: Synonym of Lepidotrigla microptera Günther 1873. Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: marine.

truncatum, Peristethus Günther [A.] 1880:7, Pl. 2 (fig. A) [Report on the shore fishes procured during the voyage of H. M. S. Challenger in the years 1873-1876 v. 1 (pt 6); ref. 2011] Off Pernambuco, Brazil, Challenger station 122, depth 30 or 350 fathoms. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1879.5.14.266. •Valid as Peristedion truncatum (Günther 1880) -- (Miller 1967:39 [ref. 7978], Uyeno & Sato in Uyeno et al. 1983:447 [ref. 14275], Ben-Tuvia et al. 2001:1286 [ref. 41445] as Peristeiodon truncatum, McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:49 [ref. 28815] as Peristeiodon truncatum, Miller & Richards 2003:1284 [ref. 27050], Moore et al. 2003:222 [ref. 27076], Moura & Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:74 [ref. 27192], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:82 [ref. 28815], Kawai 2008:24 [ref. 29787], Klautau et al. 2020:9 [ref. 37903], Robertson et al. 2020:160 [ref. 38098], Page et al. 2023:182 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Peristedion truncatum (Günther 1880). Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: New Jersey (U.S.A.) south to Santa Catarina (Brazil), including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. IUCN (2019): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.

truncatus, Aspidophorus Daudin [F. M.] 1804:230 [Dictionnaire des sciences Naturelles [Série 1] v. 3; ref. 21243] Near Sumatra, Indonesia. •Status uncertain, family Peristediidae -- (Sheiko 1993:87 [ref. 21227]). Triglidae: Peristediinae. Habitat: marine.

turchellus, Trigla Nardo [G. D.] (ex Chiereghini) 1847:col. 125 [Sinonimia moderna delle specie registrate nell' opera intitolata: ...; ref. 17994] Not available, Chiereghini name mentioned in synonymy. Nomen Nudum. Triglidae.

umbrosa, Lepidotrigla Ogilby [J. D.] 1910:120 [On some new fishes from the Queensland coast; ref. 3289] Southern Queensland, Australia, depth 12-25 fathoms. Syntypes: (383) AMS I.12522 (1) between Double I. Point and Pine Peak, QM I.1533 (1) Hervey Bay. For remarks on types see Imamura & Hoese 2020:[9] [ref. 37793]. •Valid as Lepidotrigla umbrosa Ogilby 1910 -- (Paxton et al. 1989:456 [ref. 12442], Richards 1992:63 [ref. 20654], del Cerro & Lloris 1997:51 [ref. 22811], Hutchins 2001:28 [ref. 25847], Paxton et al. 2006:926 [ref. 29074], Gomon & Last 2008:512 [ref. 30651]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla umbrosa Ogilby 1910. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific: Queensland and New South Wales (Australia). Habitat: marine.

undulatum, Peristedion Weber [M.] 1913:513, Pls. 2 (fig. 5-5a), 9 (fig. 4) [Die Fische der Siboga-Expedition; ref. 4602] Arafura Sea, 5°48.2'S, 132°13'E, Siboga station 253, depth 304 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMA 112440. Type catalog: Nijssen et al. 1982:82 [ref. 19236]. •Synonym of Gargariscus prionocephalus (Duméril 1869) -- (Richards 1999:2366 [ref. 24797]). Current status: Synonym of Gargariscus prionocephalus (Duméril 1869). Triglidae: Peristediinae. Habitat: marine.

unicuspis, Peristedion Miller [G. C.] 1967:19, Figs. 1-3 [Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington v. 80; ref. 7979] Florida Straits, north of Cuba, 23°40'N, 79°18'W, Silver Bay station 2458, depth 290 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 200382. Paratypes: USNM 200383 (1). •Valid as Peristedion unicuspis Miller 1967 -- (Miller & Richards 2003:1285 [ref. 27050], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:83 [ref. 28815], Kawai 2008:24 [ref. 29787]). Current status: Valid as Peristedion unicuspis Miller 1967. Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

urashimai, Pterygotrigla (Otohime) Richards [W. J.], Yato [T.] & Last [P. R.] 2003:12, Figs. 1H, 13 [Smithiana. Publications in Aquatic Biodiversity Bull. 2; ref. 27122] Luzon, off the coast of Cavite Province, south entrance to Manila Bay, Philippines, depth 119 meters. Holotype: USNM 202567. Paratypes: USNM 356931 (1). •Valid as Pterygotrigla urashimai Richards, Yato & Last 2003 -- (Last & Richards 2012:39 [ref. 31796], Yato & Heemstra 2019:198 [ref. 37164]). Current status: Valid as Pterygotrigla urashimai Richards, Yato & Last 2003. Triglidae: Pterygotriglinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: northern Philippines. Habitat: marine.

vanderbilti, Prionotus Teague [G. W.] 1951:46, Pl. 2 (fig. 3) [Comunicaciones Zoologicas del Museo de Historia Natural de Montevideo v. 3 (no. 61); ref. 12924] Fisher's Island, off Miami, Biscayne Bay, Florida, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): VMM 1305. •Synonym of Prionotus rubio Jordan 1886 -- (Miller & Richards 1991:761 [ref. 15981]). Current status: Synonym of Prionotus rubio Jordan 1886. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

vanessa, Trigla Richardson [J.] 1839:97 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1839 (pt 7); ref. 3732] Port Arthur, Tasmania, Australia. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1855.9.19.79. Also described in Richardson 1842:83 Pl. 5 (fig. 1) [ref. 13097]. •Valid as Lepidotrigla vanessa (Richardson 1839) -- (Paxton et al. 1989:456 [ref. 12442], Richards 1992:63 [ref. 20654], Kuiter 1993:111 [ref. 23929], Gomon et al. 1994:501 [ref. 22532], Kuiter 1997:96 [ref. 25488], Hutchins 2001:28 [ref. 25847], Paxton et al. 2006:926 [ref. 29074], Gomon & Last 2008:512 [ref. 30651]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla vanessa (Richardson 1839). Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Australia: New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania and South Australia. Habitat: marine.

vaubani, Lepidotrigla alcocki del Cerro [L.] & Lloris [D.] 1997:99 [Mémoires du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris (N. S.) (Série A) Zoologie v. 174; ref. 22944] New Caledonia, 19°06.3'S, 163°29.5'E, MUSORSTOM 4, station CP 190, depth 215 meters. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1995-0494. •Valid as Lepidotrigla vaubani del Cerro & Lloris 1997 -- (Fricke et al. 2011:381 [ref. 31242]). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla vaubani del Cerro & Lloris 1997. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Western South Pacific: New Caledonia. Habitat: marine.

venusta, Lepidotrigla Fowler [H. W.] 1938:103, Fig. 48 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 85 (no. 3032); ref. 1426] Off San Fernando Pt. Light, western coast of Luzon Island, Philippines, 16°30'36"N, 120°11'06"E, Albatross station D.5442, depth 45 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 98872. Paratypes: USNM 98977 (34). •Valid as Lepidotrigla venusta Fowler 1938 -- (Richards 1992:63 [ref. 20654], Richards 1999:2362 [ref. 24797], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122], Prokofiev & Yato 2020:384 [ref. 37898], Gloerfelt-Tarp & Kailola 2022:125 [ref. 41223] as sp. cf. venusta). Current status: Valid as Lepidotrigla venusta Fowler 1938. Triglidae: Triglinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Philippines and Vietnam. Habitat: marine.

vergeri, Lepidotrigla Saville-Kent [W.] (ex De Vis) 1893:292, 370 [The Great Barrier Reef of Australia; its products and potentialities; ref. 13269] Name only and not available. From Queensland, Australia. •Placement uncertain -- (Paxton et al. 1989:457 [ref. 12442], Paxton et al. 2006:930 [ref. 29074]). •Mentioned as Lepidotrigla vergeri Saville-Kent 1893 -- (Richards 1992:63 [ref. 20654]). Nomen Nudum. Triglidae.

volucer, Currupiscis Whitley [G. P.] 1931:328 [Australian Zoologist v. 6 (pt 4); ref. 4672] La Perouse, Botany Bay, New South Wales, Australia. Holotype: AMS IA.4667. Based on specimens of Trigla kumu described by Steindachner 1866:20 [ref. 4210]. •Synonym of Chelidonichthys kumu (Cuvier 1829) -- (Paxton et al. 1989:454 [ref. 12442], Gomon et al. 1994:496 [ref. 22532], Paxton et al. 2006:922 [ref. 29074]). Current status: Synonym of Chelidonichthys kumu (Cuvier 1829). Triglidae: Triglinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

weberi, Peristedion Smith [J. L. B.] 1934:329, Pl. 21 [Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa v. 22 (pt 4); ref. 4065] Off Delagoa Bay, Mozambique, western Indian Ocean, depth 260 fathoms. Holotype (unique): SAIAB [formerly RUSI] 109 [ex AMG]. •Valid as Peristedion weberi Smith 1934 -- (Miller 1974:67 [ref. 23142], Heemstra 1982:292 [ref. 5416], Heemstra 1986:489 [ref. 5660], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S103 [ref. 27377], Kawai 2008:24 [ref. 29787], Kawai 2016:343 [ref. 34782], Fricke et al. 2017:100 [ref. 35629], Fricke et al. 2018:139 [ref. 35805], Kawai & Richards 2022:612 [ref. 39731]). Current status: Valid as Peristedion weberi Smith 1934. Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa) north to Somalia, east to Madagascar. Habitat: marine.

welchi, Peristedion Herre [A. W. C. T.] 1925:292, Pl. 1 [Philippine Journal of Science v. 27 (no. 3); ref. 15545] Dumaguete, Oriental Negros, Philippines, depth 6-8 meters. Holotype (unique): BSMP (presumed destroyed). •Synonym of Satyrichthys moluccense (Bleeker 1851) -- (del Cerro & Lloris 1997:96 [ref. 22944]). •Valid as Satyrichthys welchi (Herre 1925) -- (Miller 1974:65 [ref. 23142], Kyushin et al. 1982:274 [ref. 19754], Ochiai & Yatou in Masuda et al. 1984:335 [ref. 6441], Richards 1999:2363 [ref. 24797], Nakabo 2000:613 [ref. 25086], Richards in Randall & Lim 2000:607 [ref. 25122], Hutchins 2001:28 [ref. 25847], Nakabo 2002:612 [ref. 26001], Paxton et al. 2006:930 [ref. 29074], Kawai 2008:26 [ref. 29787], Kawai 2013:419, 435 [ref. 32560], Pogoreutz et al. 2013:153 [ref. 32813], Larson et al. 2013:87 [ref. 32988], Kawai 2014:135 [ref. 33607], Motomura et al. 2017:71 [ref. 35490], Gloerfelt-Tarp & Kailola 2022:127 [ref. 41223], Su et al. 2024:136 [ref. 41224]). Current status: Valid as Satyrichthys welchi (Herre 1925). Triglidae: Peristediinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Philippines north to Taiwan and southern Japan, south to northern Australia. Habitat: marine.

xenisma, Prionotus Jordan [D. S.] & Bollman [C. H.] 1890:169 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 12 (no. 770); ref. 2433] Off Pacific coast of Colombia [should be south of Isla del Rey, Gulf of Panama, Panama], 7°57'N, 78°55'W, Albatross station 279, depth 33 fathoms [60.4 meters]. Lectotype: USNM 41151. Paralectotypes: CAS-SU 202 (6); USNM 41361 (6), 204293 [ex USNM 41151] (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:125 [ref. 12291]. Lectotype selected by Miller & Richards 1991:650 [ref. 15980]. •Valid as Bellator xenisma (Jordan & Bollman 1890) -- (Eschmeyer & Herald 1983:153 [ref. 9277], Miller & Richards 1991:650 [ref. 15980], Miller & Richards 1991:761 [ref. 15981], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1993:89 [ref. 21807], Allen & Robertson 1994:102 [ref. 22193], Bussing & López S. 1994:86 [ref. 23101], Bussing in Fischer et al. 1995:1646 [ref. 22830], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:300 [ref. 24545], De la Cruz-Agüero & Cota-Gómez 1998:357 [ref. 23520], Richards & McCosker 1998:940 [ref. 23599], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:263 [ref. 24555], Nelson et al. 2004:116 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:81 [ref. 37547], Page et al. 2013:119 [ref. 32708], Love et al. 2021:113 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:181 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Bellator xenisma (Jordan & Bollman 1890). Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Pacific coast of southern Baja California Sur (Mexico) south to northern Peru, including Gulf of California (Mexico); straying to southern California (U.S.A.). IUCN (2010): Least concern. Habitat: marine.