Please look in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes for authorships of sections, Families of Fishes (all), and related information.

Species in the family or subfamily Urotrygonidae: [ 27 ] records

aspidurus, Urolophus Jordan [D. S.] & Gilbert [C. H.] 1882:307 [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 1 (for 1881); ref. 2471] Bay of Panama, eastern Pacific. Syntypes: USNM 29307 (1), 29410 (1), 29454 (1). •Valid as Urotrygon aspidurus (Jordan & Gilbert 1882) -- (Castro-Aguirre 1965:226 [ref. 41098], Miyake & McEachran 1986:300 [ref. 6153]). •Valid as Urotrygon aspidura (Jordan & Gilbert 1882) -- (Miyake & McEachran 1988:374 [ref. 12878], Allen & Robertson 1994:35 [ref. 22193], Bussing & López S. 1994:34 [ref. 23101], McEachran in Fischer et al. 1995:790 [ref. 22829], Castro-Aguirre & Espinosa Pérez 1996:51 [ref. 22793], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:66 [ref. 24555], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:70 [ref. 24550], Compagno 1999:494 [ref. 25589], Nelson et al. 2004:56 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:14 [ref. 37547], Page et al. 2013:56 [ref. 32708], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:124 [ref. 34398] as aff. aspidura, Weigmann 2016:162 [ref. 34211], Last & McEachran 2016:664 [ref. 35013], Ehemann et al. 2018:27 [ref. 36194], Calle-Morán et al. 2020:247 [ref. 37881], González-Acosta et al. 2021:8 [ref. 38361], Love et al. 2021:28 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:47 [ref. 40505], Siccha-Ramirez et al. 2023:77 [ref. 40816], Fricke et al. 2024:99 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Urotrygon aspidura (Jordan & Gilbert 1882). Urotrygonidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Pacific coast of Baja California Sur (Mexico) south to northern Peru, including Gulf of California (Mexico). Habitat: marine.

asterias, Urolophus Jordan [D. S.] & Gilbert [C. H.] 1883:579 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 5 (no. 327) (for 25 Apr. 1883); ref. 10615] Mazatlán, Sinaloa, western Mexico. Syntypes: USNM 28204 (1), 29524 (1, lost), 29542 (1), 29580 (1), 29318 (1, lost). •Synonym of Urolophus munda (Gill 1863) -- (Castro-Aguirre & Espinosa Pérez 1996:50 [ref. 22793]). •Synonym of Urotrygon munda Gill 1863 -- (Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:68 [ref. 24550], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:126 [ref. 34398], Fricke et al. 2024:100 [ref. 41622]). •Valid as Urotrygon asterias (Jordan & Gilbert 1883) -- (Hiyama in Kumada 1937:22 [ref. 39147], Castro-Aguirre 1965:228 [ref. 41098], Miyake & McEachran 1986:300 [ref. 6153], Nishida 1990:92 [ref. 19783], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:69 [ref. 24555], Last & Yearsley 2016:7 [ref. 34940] with question, Ehemann et al. 2024:12 [ref. 41306]). Current status: Valid as Urotrygon asterias (Jordan & Gilbert 1883). Urotrygonidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Pacific coast of southern Baja California Sur (Mexico) south to Costa Rica, including Gulf of California (Mexico). IUCN (2024): Not Assessed. Habitat: marine.

binghami, Urotrygon Breder [C. M., Jr.] 1928:11, Figs. 6 (on Pl. 4), 7 [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 2 (art. 1); ref. 15841] Between San Felipe and Shoal Point, Río Colorado, northern Gulf of California, Mexico, depth 10-14 fathoms. Holotype (unique): YPM 1019. Type catalog: Moore & Boardman 1991:10 [ref. 16741]. •Synonym of Urotrygon rogersi (Jordan & Starks 1895) -- (Miyake & McEachran 1986:297 [ref. 6153], Castro-Aguirre & Espinosa Pérez 1996:51 [ref. 22793], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:69 [ref. 24550], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:127 [ref. 34398], Weigmann 2016:164 [ref. 34211], Fricke et al. 2024:100 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Synonym of Urotrygon rogersi (Jordan & Starks 1895). Urotrygonidae. Habitat: marine.

caudispinosus, Urotrygon Hildebrand [S. F.] 1946:67, Fig. 14 [Bulletin of the United States National Museum No. 189; ref. 2161] Independencia Bay, Peru. Holotype: USNM 127790. Paratypes: USNM 127791 (1). •Synonym of Urotrygon asterias (Jordan & Gilbert 1883) -- (Miyake & McEachran 1986:297 [ref. 6153]). •Valid as Urotrygon caudispinosus Hildebrand 1946 -- (Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:70 [ref. 24555]). •Synonym of Urotrygon munda Gill 1863 -- (Weigmann 2016:163 [ref. 34211]). Current status: Synonym of Urotrygon munda Gill 1863. Urotrygonidae. Habitat: marine.

chilensis, Urolophus Günther [A.] 1872:653, Pl. 53 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1871 (pt 3) (art. 1) (for 21 Nov. 1871); ref. 1997] Chile. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1871.9.13.119. Type catalog: Ehemann et al. 2021:[2] [ref. 38127]. •Synonym of Urotrygon asterias (Jordan & Gilbert 1883) -- (Miyake & McEachran 1986:297 [ref. 6153]). •Valid as Urotrygon chilensis (Günther 1872) -- (Castro-Aguirre 1965:231 [ref. 41098], Miyake & McEachran 1988:374 [ref. 12878], Pequeño 1989:17 [ref. 14125], Bussing & López S. 1994:34 [ref. 23101], McEachran in Fischer et al. 1995:790 [ref. 22829], Castro-Aguirre & Espinosa Pérez 1996:52 [ref. 22793], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:43 [ref. 24545], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:66, 70 [ref. 24555], López S. & Bussing 1998:276 [ref. 24917], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:70 [ref. 24550], Compagno 1999:494 [ref. 25589], Nelson et al. 2004:57 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:14 [ref. 37547], Page et al. 2013:56 [ref. 32708], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:124 [ref. 34398], Last & Yearsley 2016:7 [ref. 34940], Weigmann 2016:162 [ref. 34211] see remarks, Last & McEachran 2016:665 [ref. 35013], Ehemann et al. 2018:27 [ref. 36194], Romero-Berny et al. 2018:88 [ref. 35859], Calle-Morán et al. 2020:247 [ref. 37881], Ehemann et al. 2021:[3] [ref. 38127], González-Acosta et al. 2021:8 [ref. 38361], Love et al. 2021:28 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:47 [ref. 40505], Siccha-Ramirez et al. 2023:78 [ref. 40816], Vela-Espinosa et al. 2023:5 [ref. 40981], Ehemann et al. 2024:12 [ref. 41305], Fricke et al. 2024:99 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Urotrygon chilensis (Günther 1872). Urotrygonidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: northern Ecuador south to Taltal (northern Chile); ?Colombia. Replaced from Mexico to Costa Rica by Urotrygon asterias (Jordan & Gilbert 1883). Habitat: marine.

cimar, Urotrygon López S. [M. I.] & Bussing [W. A.] 1998:274, Figs. 1-5 [Revista de Biología Tropical v. 46 (Suppl. 6); ref. 24917] Off Punta Matapalo, Nicoya Peninsula, Costa Rica. Holotype: LACM 47363-1. Paratypes: LACM 47364-1 [ex UCR 1290-15] (2), 47365-1 [ex UCR 2386-1] (1); UCR 2010-2 (4, embryos), 2386-1 (was 3, now 2). Type catalog: Angulo et al. 2015:386 [ref. 35212]. •Valid as Urotrygon cimar López S. & Bussing 1998 -- (Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:126 [ref. 34398], Weigmann 2016:162 [ref. 34211], Last & McEachran 2016:666 [ref. 35013], Ehemann et al. 2018:27 [ref. 36194], Page et al. 2023:47 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:99 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Urotrygon cimar López S. & Bussing 1998. Urotrygonidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: central Mexico south to Costa Rica. Habitat: marine.

concentricus, Urobatis Osburn [R. C.] & Nichols [J. T.] 1916:144, Fig. 2 [Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History v. 35 (art. 16); ref. 15062] East side of Esteban Island, Gulf of California, Mexico. Holotype: USNM 87539 [ex AMNH 5199]. Paratypes: AMNH 11801-02 (1, 1). •Perhaps a synonym of Urobatis halleri (Cooper 1863) -- (Thomson et al. 2000:282 [ref. 25640]). •Valid as Urolophus concentricus (Osburn & Nichols 1916) -- (Nishida 1990:92 [ref. 19783], Allen & Robertson 1994:34 [ref. 22193], Castro-Aguirre & Espinosa Pérez 1996:48 [ref. 22793], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:35 [ref. 24545], Nelson et al. 2004:56 [ref. 27807], Page et al. 2013:56 [ref. 32708]). •Valid as Urobatis concentricus Osburn & Nichols 1916 -- (McEachran in Fischer et al. 1995:789 [ref. 22829], Compagno 1999:494 [ref. 25589], Love et al. 2005:13 [ref. 37547], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2015:510 [ref. 33729], Galván-Villa et al. 2016:143 [ref. 34871], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:122 [ref. 34398], Weigmann 2016:160 [ref. 34211] see remarks, Last & McEachran 2016:658 [ref. 35013], Ehemann et al. 2018:27 [ref. 36194], González-Acosta et al. 2021:7 [ref. 38361], Love et al. 2021:27 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:47 [ref. 40505], Vela-Espinosa et al. 2023:5 [ref. 40981], Fricke et al. 2024:97 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Urobatis concentricus Osburn & Nichols 1916. Urotrygonidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Pacific coast of central Baja California (Mexico) south to Oaxaca (Mexico), including Gulf of California (Mexico). Habitat: marine.

goodei, Urolophus Jordan [D. S.] & Bollman [C. H.] 1890:151 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 12 (no. 770); ref. 2433] Off Pacific coast of Colombia, 8°06'30"N, 78°51'W, Albatross station 2795, depth 33 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 41150. Paratypes: CAS-SU 411 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:11 [ref. 12291]. •Valid as Urotrygon goodei Jordan & Bollman 1890 -- (Castro-Aguirre 1965:227 [ref. 41098]). •Valid as Urolophus goodei Jordan & Bollman 1890 -- (Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:70 [ref. 24555]). •Synonym of Urotrygon asterias (Jordan & Gilbert 1883) -- (Miyake & McEachran 1986:297 [ref. 6153]). •Synonym of Urotrygon chilensis (Günther 1872) -- (Castro-Aguirre & Espinosa Pérez 1996:52 [ref. 22793], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:70 [ref. 24550], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:124 [ref. 34398], Fricke et al. 2024:99 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Synonym of Urotrygon chilensis (Günther 1872). Urotrygonidae. Habitat: marine.

halleri, Urolophus Cooper [J. G.] 1863:95, Fig. 21 [Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (Series 1) v. 3 (sig. 6); ref. 4876] San Diego, California, U.S.A. Holotype: [ex Calif. State Coll. 522]. •Valid as Urolophus halleri Cooper 1863 -- (Herrera 1896:15 [ref. 39336], Hiyama in Kumada 1937:22 [ref. 39147], Castro-Aguirre 1965:223 [ref. 41098], Eschmeyer & Herald 1983:55 [ref. 9277], Nishida 1990:92 [ref. 19783], Castro-Aguirre & Espinosa Pérez 1996:49 [ref. 22793], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:41 [ref. 24545], Compagno 1999:494 [ref. 25589], Thomson et al. 2000:282 [ref. 25640], Nelson et al. 2004:56 [ref. 27807], White & Potter 2005:101 [ref. 28103]). •Valid as Urobatis halleri (Cooper 1863) -- (Allen & Robertson 1994:35 [ref. 22193], McEachran in Fischer et al. 1995:789 [ref. 22829], Love et al. 2005:13 [ref. 37547], Page et al. 2013:56 [ref. 32708], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2015:510 [ref. 33729], Galván-Villa et al. 2016:143 [ref. 34871], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:122 [ref. 34398], Weigmann 2016:161 [ref. 34211], Last & McEachran 2016:659 [ref. 35013], Kells et al. 2016:84 [ref. 35888], Ebert et al. 2017:60 [ref. 35618], Ehemann et al. 2018:27 [ref. 36194], Burton & Lea 2019:33 [ref. 37205], Calle-Morán et al. 2020:247 [ref. 37881], González-Acosta et al. 2021:7 [ref. 38361], Love et al. 2021:27 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:47 [ref. 40505], Vela-Espinosa et al. 2023:5 [ref. 40981], Fricke et al. 2024:97 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Urobatis halleri (Cooper 1863). Urotrygonidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: northern California (U.S.A.) south to Ecuador and ?Peru, including Gulf of California (Mexico). Habitat: marine.

jamaicensis, Raia Cuvier [G.] (ex Sloane) 1816:137 [Le Règne Animal; ref. 993] Jamaica. No types known. Type catalog: Séret & McEachran 1987:33 [ref. 9312]. Based on the 'Pastinaca marina ferruginea tuberculata, ... , The stingray' of Sloane 1725:277, Pl. 246 (fig. 1) [ref. 30230]. •Valid as Urolophus jamaicensis (Cuvier 1816) -- (Castro-Aguirre 1965:220 [ref. 41098], Robins & Ray 1986:42 [ref. 23100], Castro-Aguirre & Espinosa Pérez 1996:47 [ref. 22793], Aguilera 1998:45 [ref. 24221], Cervigón & Alcalá 1999:195 [ref. 24490], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:66 [ref. 24550], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:147 [ref. 27754]). •Valid as Urobatis jamaicensis (Cuvier 1816) -- (McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:184 [ref. 23897], Compagno 1999:494 [ref. 25589], Collette et al. 2003:98 [ref. 26784], McEachran & Carvalho 2003:573 [ref. 26985], Smith et al. 2003:6 [ref. 27621], Nelson et al. 2004:56 [ref. 27807], García-Hernández et al. 2009:91 [ref. 37265], Page et al. 2013:56 [ref. 32708], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2015:510 [ref. 33729], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:123 [ref. 34398], Weigmann 2016:161 [ref. 34211], Robertson et al. 2016:144 [ref. 34961], Last & McEachran 2016:660 [ref. 35013], Ehemann et al. 2018:27 [ref. 36194], Raz-Guzmán et al. 2018:344 [ref. 36407], Ehemann et al. 2019:[7] [ref. 36861], Jones et al. 2020:299 [ref. 37610], Blanco-Parra & Niño-Torres 2022:Correction, p. 5 [ref. 38986], Carvalho-Filho 2023:321 [ref. 40480], Castillo Domínguez et al. 2023:7 [ref. 40663], Page et al. 2023:47 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:98 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Urobatis jamaicensis (Cuvier 1816). Urotrygonidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: North Carolina (U.S.A.) south to northern Brazil, including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. IUCN (2020): Least Concern. Habitat: brackish, marine.

maculatus, Urobatis Garman [S.] 1913:404 [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 36; ref. 1545] Gulf of California, Mexico, 31°21'15"N, 113°39'W, Albatross station 3025, depth 9.5 fathoms. Holotype (unique): MCZ 1003-S. Type catalog: Hartel & Dingerkus 1997:xlv [ref. 23119]. •Perhaps a synonym of Urobatis halleri (Cooper 1863) -- (Thomson et al. 2000:282 [ref. 25640]). •Valid as Urolophus maculatus (Garman 1913) -- (Castro-Aguirre 1965:222 [ref. 41098], Nishida 1990:92 [ref. 19783], Castro-Aguirre & Espinosa Pérez 1996:48 [ref. 22793], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:42 [ref. 24545], De la Cruz-Agüero & Cota-Gómez 1998:356 [ref. 23520], Nelson et al. 2004:56 [ref. 27807]). •Valid as Urobatis maculatus Garman 1913 -- (Allen & Robertson 1994:35 [ref. 22193], McEachran in Fischer et al. 1995:789 [ref. 22829], Compagno 1999:494 [ref. 25589], Love et al. 2005:13 [ref. 37547], Page et al. 2013:56 [ref. 32708], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2015:510 [ref. 33729], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:124 [ref. 34398], Weigmann 2016:161 [ref. 34211] see remarks, Last & McEachran 2016:661 [ref. 35013], Ehemann et al. 2018:27 [ref. 36194], González-Acosta et al. 2021:7 [ref. 38361], Love et al. 2021:27 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:47 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:98 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Urobatis maculatus Garman 1913. Urotrygonidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Pacific coast of central Baja California (Mexico) south to Puerto Vallarta (Mexico), including Gulf of California (Mexico). Habitat: marine.

marmoratus, Urolophus Philippi [R. A.] 1892:6, Pl. 2 (figs. 2-3) [Anales del Museo Nacional de Chile. Primera seccion, Zoología No. 3; ref. 22759] Quinteros, Chile. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. On p. 6 of German edition (Philippi 1893 [ref. 14560]). •Valid as Urolophus marmoratus Philippi 1892 [date sometimes given as 1893] -- (Pequeño 1989:17 [ref. 14125]. •Valid as Urobatis marmoratus (Philippi 1892) -- Del Moral-Flores et al. 2015:510 [ref. 33729], Weigmann 2016:161 [ref. 34211]). Current status: Valid as Urobatis marmoratus (Philippi 1892). Urotrygonidae. Distribution: Southeastern Pacific: Chile. Habitat: marine.

microphthalmum, Urotrygon Delsman [H. C.] 1941:65, Fig. 8 [Mémoires du Musée royal d'histoire naturelle de Belgique (Ser. 2) No. 21; ref. 13171] Mouth of Amazon River, Brazil, 1°06'N, 47°53'W, depth 25-30 fathoms. Syntypes: IRSNB 53 (2). Type catalog: Walschaerts 1987:6 [ref. 20755]. •Valid as Urotrygon microphthalmum Delsman 1941 -- (Uyeno & Miyake in Uyeno et al. 1983:81 [ref. 14275], Miyake & McEachran 1986:299 [ref. 6153], Miyake & McEachran 1988:374 [ref. 12878], Nishida 1990:92 [ref. 19783], Aguilera 1998:45 [ref. 24221], Cervigón & Alcalá 1999:196 [ref. 24490], Compagno 1999:494 [ref. 25589], Menni & Stehmann 2000:89 [ref. 24909], Almeida et al. 2000:67 [ref. 25679], Camargo & Isaac 2001:144 [ref. 27639], Gomes & Gadig in Menezes et al. 2003:30 [ref. 27192], McEachran & Carvalho 2003:573 [ref. 26985], Weigmann 2016:162 [ref. 34211], Last & McEachran 2016:667 [ref. 35013], Ehemann et al. 2019:[7] [ref. 36861]). Current status: Valid as Urotrygon microphthalmum Delsman 1941. Urotrygonidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Venezuela to Permambuco (Brazil), including southern Caribbean Sea. Habitat: marine.

mundus, Urotrygon Gill [T. N.] 1863:173 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 15; ref. 1681] Western coast of Central America. Syntypes: (2) USNM 7297 (1). Type catalog: Smith 2018:67 [ref. 36061]. •Valid as Urotrygon mundus Gill 1863 -- (Castro-Aguirre 1965:224 [ref. 41098], Miyake & McEachran 1986:299 [ref. 6153]). •Valid as Urotrygon munda Gill 1863 -- (Miyake & McEachran 1988:373 [ref. 12878], Nishida 1990:92 [ref. 19783], Bussing & López S. 1994:34 [ref. 23101], McEachran in Fischer et al. 1995:790 [ref. 22829], Castro-Aguirre & Espinosa Pérez 1996:50 [ref. 22793], López S. & Bussing 1998:276 [ref. 24917], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:69 [ref. 24555], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:68 [ref. 24550], Compagno 1999:494 [ref. 25589], Nelson et al. 2004:57 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:14 [ref. 37547], Page et al. 2013:56 [ref. 32708], Galván-Villa et al. 2016:143 [ref. 34871], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:126 [ref. 34398], Weigmann 2016:163 [ref. 34211] see remarks, Last & McEachran 2016:668 [ref. 35013], Ehemann et al. 2018:27 [ref. 36194], González-Murcia et al. 2019:288 [ref. 36544], Calle-Morán et al. 2020:247 [ref. 37881], González-Acosta et al. 2021:8 [ref. 38361], Love et al. 2021:28 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:47 [ref. 40505], Siccha-Ramirez et al. 2023:79 [ref. 40816], Ehemann et al. 2024:12 [ref. 41305], Fricke et al. 2024:100 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Urotrygon munda Gill 1863. Urotrygonidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Pacific coast of central Baja California (Mexico) south to northern Peru, including Gulf of California (Mexico). Habitat: marine.

nana, Urotrygon Miyake [T.] & McEachran [J. D.] 1988:366, Figs. 1a, 2a [Bulletin of Marine Science v. 42 (no. 3); ref. 12878] Chiapas, Mexico. Holotype: FMNH 97107. Paratypes: FMNH 97108 (4), SIO 65-167 (41). Additional material: CAS 4734 (1), CAS-SU 46731.1 (1); FMNH 72281 (2); LACM 30745-11 (4), 33806-97 (?). •Valid as Urotrygon nana Miyake & McEachran 1988 -- (van der Heiden & González 1990:147 [ref. 19567], Bussing & López S. 1994:34 [ref. 23101], McEachran in Fischer et al. 1995:791 [ref. 22829], Castro-Aguirre & Espinosa Pérez 1996:51 [ref. 22793], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:43 [ref. 24545], López S. & Bussing 1998:276 [ref. 24917], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:69 [ref. 24550], Compagno 1999:494 [ref. 25589], Nelson et al. 2004:57 [ref. 27807], Page et al. 2013:56 [ref. 32708], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:126 [ref. 34398], Weigmann 2016:163 [ref. 34211], Last & McEachran 2016:669 [ref. 35013], Ehemann et al. 2018:27 [ref. 36194], Romero-Berny et al. 2018:88 [ref. 35859], González-Acosta et al. 2021:8 [ref. 38361], Page et al. 2023:47 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:100 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Urotrygon nana Miyake & McEachran 1988. Urotrygonidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Mexico south to Panama. Habitat: marine.

nebulosus, Urolophus Garman [S.] 1885:41 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 8 (no. 482); ref. 14445] Colima, Mexico. Holotype (unique): USNM 7356. •Valid as Urotrygon nebulosus (Garman 1885) -- (Castro-Aguirre 1965:230 [ref. 41098]). •Synonym of Urolophus halleri Cooper 1863 -- (Castro-Aguirre & Espinosa Pérez 1996:49 [ref. 22793], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2015:502 [ref. 33729]). •Synonym of Urobatis halleri (Cooper 1863) -- (Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:122 [ref. 34398], Fricke et al. 2024:97 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Synonym of Urobatis halleri (Cooper 1863). Urotrygonidae. Habitat: marine.

pardalis, Urobatis Del Moral-Flores [L. F.], Angula [A.], López [M. I.] & Bussing [W. A.] 2015:502, Figs. 1-7 [Revista de Biología Tropical v. 63 (no. 2); ref. 33729] Playa Escondida, Provincia de Puntarenas, Costa Rica, 9°40'0.0012"N, 84°40'24.6"W. Holotype: UCR 2289-01. Paratypes: UCR. Type catalog: Angulo et al. 2015:386 [ref. 35212]. Author publishes as Moral-Flores. •Valid as Urobatis pardalis Del Moral-Flores, Angula, López & Bussing 2015 -- (Weigmann 2016:161 [ref. 34211], Last & McEachran 2016:662 [ref. 35013]). Current status: Valid as Urobatis pardalis Del Moral-Flores, Angula, López & Bussing 2015. Urotrygonidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Costa Rica. Habitat: marine.

peruanus, Urotrygon Hildebrand [S. F.] 1946:69, Fig. 15 [Bulletin of the United States National Museum No. 189; ref. 2161] Paita Bay, Peru. Holotype: USNM 127793. Paratypes: USNM 127792 (1), 127794 (1). •Synonym of Urotrygon asterias (Jordan & Gilbert 1883) -- (Miyake & McEachran 1986:297 [ref. 6153]). •Valid as Urotrygon peruanus Hildebrand 1946 -- (Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:66 [ref. 24555], Siccha-Ramirez et al. 2023:80 [ref. 40816]). Current status: Valid as Urotrygon peruanus Hildebrand 1946. Urotrygonidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Peru endemic. Habitat: marine.

reticulata, Urotrygon Miyake [T.] & McEachran [J. D.] 1988:368, Figs. 1b, 2b [Bulletin of Marine Science v. 42 (no. 3); ref. 12878] Bahia Santelmo, Gulf of Panama, eastern Pacific. Holotype: USNM 222644. Paratypes: USNM 285184 (2). •Valid as Urotrygon reticulata Miyake & McEachran 1988 -- (Allen & Robertson 1994:35 [ref. 22193], McEachran in Fischer et al. 1995:791 [ref. 22829], Compagno 1999:494 [ref. 25589], Weigmann 2016:163 [ref. 34211], Last & McEachran 2016:670 [ref. 35013]). Current status: Valid as Urotrygon reticulata Miyake & McEachran 1988. Urotrygonidae. Distribution: Panama (Pacific). Habitat: marine.

rogersi, Urolophus Jordan [D. S.] & Starks [E. C.] in Jordan 1895:388 [Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (Series 2) v. 5; ref. 2394] Mazatlán, Sinaloa, western Mexico. Holotype: CAS-SU 11700 [mistakenly printed as 1700]. Paratypes: BMNH 1895.5.27.339 (1), ZMB 14038 [ex CAS-SU 11700] (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:11 [ref. 12291], Paepke & Schmidt 1988:182 [ref. 21041]. •Valid as Urotrygon rogersi (Jordan & Starks 1895) -- (Miyake & McEachran 1986:297, 300 [ref. 6153], Miyake & McEachran 1988:374 [ref. 12878], Allen & Robertson 1994:36 [ref. 22193], Bussing & López S. 1994:34 [ref. 23101], McEachran in Fischer et al. 1995:791 [ref. 22829], Castro-Aguirre & Espinosa Pérez 1996:51 [ref. 22793], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:44 [ref. 24545], López S. & Bussing 1998:276 [ref. 24917], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:69 [ref. 24550], Compagno 1999:494 [ref. 25589], Nelson et al. 2004:57 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:14 [ref. 37547], Page et al. 2013:56 [ref. 32708], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:126 [ref. 34398], Galván-Villa et al. 2016:143 [ref. 34871], Last & McEachran 2016:671 [ref. 35013], Weigmann 2016:164 [ref. 34211], Acevedo-Cervantes et al. 2017:174 [ref. 37260], Ehemann et al. 2018:27 [ref. 36194], González-Murcia et al. 2019:288 [ref. 36544], Calle-Morán et al. 2020:247 [ref. 37881], González-Acosta et al. 2021:8 [ref. 38361], Love et al. 2021:28 [ref. 39279], Ehemann et al. 2022:5 [ref. 39031], Page et al. 2023:47 [ref. 40505], Vela-Espinosa et al. 2023:5 [ref. 40981], Fricke et al. 2024:100 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Urotrygon rogersi (Jordan & Starks 1895). Urotrygonidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Pacific coast of Baja California Sur (Mexico) south to Ecuador, including Gulf of California (Mexico). Habitat: marine.

serrula, Urotrygon Hildebrand [S. F.] 1946:65, Fig. 13 [Bulletin of the United States National Museum No. 189; ref. 2161] Lobos de Tierra Bay, Peru, 6°26'S, 80°51'W. Holotype (unique): USNM 127795. •Valid as Urotrygon serrula Hildebrand 1946 -- (Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:69 [ref. 24555]). •Synonym of Urotrygon asterias Jordan & Gilbert 1883 -- (Miyake & McEachran 1986:297 [ref. 6153], Weigmann 2016:163 [ref. 34211] see remarks). •Synonym of Urotrygon munda Gill 1863. Current status: Synonym of Urotrygon munda Gill 1863. Urotrygonidae. Habitat: marine.

simulatrix, Urotrygon Miyake [T.] & McEachran [J. D.] 1988:372, Figs. 1c, 2c [Bulletin of Marine Science v. 42 (no. 3); ref. 12878] East side of Punta Paitilla, (Pacific) Panama. Holotype: USNM 285187 [ex GCRL 13064]. Paratypes: GCRL 13064 (3). •Valid as Urotrygon simulatrix Miyake & McEachran 1988 -- (McEachran in Fischer et al. 1995:792 [ref. 22829], Compagno 1999:494 [ref. 25589], Naylor et al. 2012:78 [ref. 32267] see remarks, Weigmann 2016:164 [ref. 34211], Last & McEachran 2016:672 [ref. 35013], Ehemann et al. 2018:27 [ref. 36194], Fricke et al. 2024:101 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Urotrygon simulatrix Miyake & McEachran 1988. Urotrygonidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Mexico south to Panama. IUCN (2020): Vulnerable. Habitat: marine.

torpedinus, Trygonobatus Desmarest [A. G.] 1823:166 [6], Pl. 1 (fig. 1) of separate [Mémoires de la Société linnéenne de Paris v. 2; ref. 1120] Cuba. Holotype (unique): MNHN A-7946 (poor condition). Type catalog: Bertin 1939:87 [ref. 20739], Séret & McEachran 1987:22 [ref. 9312]. On p. 6 of separate, unnumbered Pl. after p. 6. •Synonym of Urobatis jamaicensis (Cuvier 1916) -- (Jones et al. 2020:299 [ref. 37610]). Current status: Synonym of Urobatis jamaicensis (Cuvier 1816). Urotrygonidae. Habitat: marine.

tumbesensis, Urolophus Chirichigno F. [N.] & McEachran [J. D.] 1979:710, Fig. 1 [Copeia 1979 (no. 4); ref. 20818] Port Pizzaro, Tumbes, Peru. Holotype: IMARPE 69-172. Paratypes: IMARPE 77-2260 (1). •Valid as Urolophus tumbesensis Chirichigno F. & McEachran 1979 -- (Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:65 [ref. 24555] as tumbesencis, López S. & Bussing 1998:276 [ref. 24917]). •Valid as Urobatis tumbesensis (Chirichigno F. & McEachran 1979) -- (Compagno 1999:494 [ref. 25589], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2015:510 [ref. 33729], Weigmann 2016:162 [ref. 34211], Last & McEachran 2016:663 [ref. 35013], Calle-Morán et al. 2020:247 [ref. 37881], Siccha-Ramirez et al. 2023:76 [ref. 40816]). Current status: Valid as Urobatis tumbesensis (Chirichigno F. & McEachran 1979). Urotrygonidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Colombia south to Peru. Habitat: brackish, marine.

umbrifer, Urolophus Jordan [D. S.] & Starks [E. C.] in Jordan 1895:389 [Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (Series 2) v. 5; ref. 2394] Mazatlán, Sinaloa, western Mexico. Holotype: CAS-SU 2948. Paratypes: BMNH 1895.5.27.338 [ex CAS-SU 2914] (1), CAS-SU 2914 (now 2), ZMB 14039 [ex CAS-SU 2914] (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:11 [ref. 12291]. •Synonym of Urolophus halleri Cooper 1863 -- (Castro-Aguirre & Espinosa Pérez 1996:49 [ref. 22793], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2015:502 [ref. 33729]). •Synonym of Urobatis halleri (Cooper 1863) -- (Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:122 [ref. 34398], Fricke et al. 2024:97 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Synonym of Urobatis halleri (Cooper 1863). Urotrygonidae. Habitat: marine.

venezuelae, Urotrygon Schultz [L. P.] 1949:24, Fig. 2 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 99 (no. 3235); ref. 3967] Point Macolla, Gulf of Venezuela. Holotype (unique): USNM 121966. •Valid as Urotrygon venezuelae Schultz 1949 -- (Miyake & McEachran 1986:299 [ref. 6153], Miyake & McEachran 1988:374 [ref. 12878], Aguilera 1998:45 [ref. 24221], Cervigón & Alcalá 1999:197 [ref. 24490], Compagno 1999:494 [ref. 25589], McEachran & Carvalho 2003:573 [ref. 26985], Weigmann 2016:164 [ref. 34211], Last & McEachran 2016:673 [ref. 35013], Ehemann et al. 2019:[7] [ref. 36861], Carvalho-Filho 2023:322 [ref. 40480]). Current status: Valid as Urotrygon venezuelae Schultz 1949. Urotrygonidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Venezuela to Maranhão (Brazil), including southern Caribbean Sea. Habitat: marine.

vermiculatus, Urobatis sloani var. Garman [S.] 1913:402, Pl. 29 [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 36; ref. 1545] Progreso, Yucatán, Mexico. Syntypes: MCZ 1053-S (1), 1054-S (1), 1055-S (1). Type catalog: Hartel & Dingerkus 1997:xlvi [ref. 23119]. •Synonym of Urolophus jamaicensis (Cuvier 1816) -- (Castro-Aguirre & Espinosa Pérez 1996:47 [ref. 22793], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:123 [ref. 34398]). •Synonym of Urobatis jamaicensis (Cuvier 1816) -- (Jones et al. 2020:299 [ref. 37610]). Current status: Synonym of Urobatis jamaicensis (Cuvier 1816). Urotrygonidae. Habitat: marine.