Phractocephalus Agassiz [L.] in Spix & Agassiz 1829:10, 22 Masc. Phractocephalus bicolor Spix & Agassiz 1829. Type by monotypy. For authorship and date see Kottelat 1988:78 [ref. 13380]; also see his analysis on p. 80, and see the account of Pirarara and Kottelat 1989 [ref. 14233]. See Ferraris 2007:336 [ref. 29155] for first reviser action. •Valid as Phractocephalus Agassiz 1829 -- (Boeseman 1983:105 [ref. 5329], Lundberg et al. 1988 [ref. 6637], Burgess 1989:282 [ref. 12860], Kottelat 1989 [ref. 14233], Lundberg et al. 1991:842 [ref. 19175], de Pinna 1998:315 [ref. 23847], Lundberg & Littmann in Reis et al. 2003:438 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:336 [ref. 29155], Aguilera Coro et al. 2008:232 [ref. 29877], Lundberg et al. 2011:165 [ref. 31593], Grant 2021:81 [ref. 38702]). Current status: Valid as Phractocephalus Agassiz 1829. Pimelodidae.