Please look in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes for authorships of sections, Families of Fishes (all), and related information.

Species in the genus Cottus: [ 126 ] records

affinis, Cottus Heckel [J. J.] 1837:150 [Annalen des Wiener Museums der Naturgeschichte v. 2 (no. 1) (for 1840); ref. 2079] Mörkö Island, near Stockholm, Sweden. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Cottus gobio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Kottelat 1997:169 [ref. 22952], Freyhof et al. 2005:124, 132 [ref. 28259]). Current status: Synonym of Cottus gobio Linnaeus 1758. Cottidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

aleuticus, Cottus Gilbert [C. H.] 1896:418 [United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries, Report of the Commissioner v. 19 (for 1893) (art. 6); ref. 1628] Streams at Iliuliuk, Unalaska, Bering Sea. Syntypes: ANSP 39139 (1); BMNH 1896.7.23.59 (1), 1897.1.12.11-12 (2), 1900.7.11.2 (1); MCZ 28368 (1); ?NMW; CAS-SU 2610 (19); USNM 48716 (1); ZMUO J1417 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:128 [ref. 12291], Pethon 1969:7 [ref. 19268], Böhlke 1984:65 [ref. 13621]. •See Coffie 1998:126 [ref. 24964]. •Valid as Cottus aleuticus Gilbert 1896 -- (Lee et al. 1980:801 [ref. 22416], McAllister 1990:196 [ref. 14674], Page & Burr 1991:247 [ref. 18983], Swift et al. 1993:129 [ref. 22379], Chereshnev 1996:605 [ref. 24659], Scott & Crossman 1998:820 [ref. 24570], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:470 [ref. 25968], Moyle 2002:349 [ref. 26449], Wydoski & Whitney 2003:201 [ref. 27816], Nelson et al. 2004:119 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:86 [ref. 37547], McPhail 2007:450 [ref. 31199], Scharpf 2008:7 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:471 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:122 [ref. 32708], Goto et al. 2014:[9] [ref. 33456], Pietsch & Orr 2015:40 [ref. 34694], Kells et al. 2016:168 [ref. 35888], Love et al. 2021:117 [ref. 39279], Young et al. 2022:327 [ref. 39356], Page et al. 2023:183 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Cottus aleuticus Gilbert 1896. Cottidae. Distribution: Northeastern Pacific: Bristol Bay, Alaska Peninsula, and Aleutian Islands (U.S.A.) south to central California (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

altaicus, Cottus poecilopus Kaschenko [N.] 1899:151 [Results of the Altai Zoological Expedition; ref. 19630] Katun River, Bol'shoi Uiman, Katun River basin, Altai, Siberia, Russia. Neotype: ZIN 53968. Syntypes: (15) whereabouts unknown. Syntypes (15) lost; neotype selected by Sideleva & Goto 2009:601 [ref. 30591]. •Synonym of Cottus poecilopus Heckel 1837 -- (Freyhof et al. 2005:167 [ref. 28259]). •Valid as Cottus altaicus Kaschenko 1899 -- (Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:185 [ref. 28183], Kottelat 2006:90 [ref. 28831], Sideleva & Goto 2009:601 [ref. 30591], Goto et al. 2014:[9] [ref. 33456], Parin et al. 2014:241 [ref. 33547], Romanov et al. 2017:826 [ref. 35687], Dyldin et al. 2020:114 [ref. 37569]). Current status: Valid as Cottus altaicus Kaschenko 1899. Cottidae. Distribution: North Asia: rivers of the Upper and Middle Ob River basin, western Siberia (Russia). Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

altaicus, Cottus sibiricus Li [S.-C.] & Ho [C.-W.] in Li, Tai, Chang, Ma, Ho & Kao 1966:49 (English p. 55), Fig. 2 [Acta Zoologica Sinica v. 18 (no. 1); ref. 9042] Altai, northern Sinkiang, China. Holotype: ASZIB [now NZMC] 56824 [ex NK 64-997]. Paratypes: ASZIB [now NZMC] 56825 [ex ZB 64-1085]; ZB 64-979 to 980 (2), 64-983 to 985 (3), 64-988 (1), 64-992 (1); Acad. Sinica, Sinkiang, Bureau of Water Conservancy and Dept. Biol. Sinkiang Univ. 64-981 to 982 (2), 64-986 to 987 (2), 64-989 to 991 (3). Type catalog: Ye et al. 2015:96 [ref. 33808]. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Cottus poecilopus altaicus Kashchenko 1899. Replaced by Cottus dzungaricus Kottelat 2006:60 [ref. 28831]. •Incorrectly treated as valid -- (Zhu 1995:189 [ref. 25213]). •Synonym of Cottus dzungaricus Kottelat 2006 -- (Ye et al. 2015:96 [ref. 33808]). •Synonym of Cottus sibiricus, subspecies altaicus Li & Ho 1966 -- (Zhang et al. 2016:193 [ref. 34477] as altieus). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Cottus dzungaricus Kottelat 2006. Cottidae. Habitat: freshwater.

alvordii, Cottus Girard [C. F.] 1851:46, Pl. 1 (figs. 7-8) [Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge v. 3 (art. 3) (for 1850); ref. 18124] Fort Gratiot, Lake Huron, Michigan, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): USNM. •Synonym of Cottus bairdii Girard 1850. Current status: Synonym of Cottus bairdii Girard 1850. Cottidae. Habitat: freshwater.

amblystomopsis, Cottus Schmidt [P. Yu.] 1904:89, Pl. 2 (figs. 1-3) [Fishes of the eastern seas of the Russian Empire; ref. 3946] Lyutoga River, Sakhalin Island, Russia. Holotype (unique): ZIN 12763. •Valid as Cottus amblystomopsis Schmidt 1904 -- (Berg 1949:1142 [ref. 20662], Yabe in Masuda et al. 1984:326 [ref. 6441], Lindberg & Krasyukova 1987:171 [ref. 15964], Andoh & Goto 1988:176 [ref. 22495], Kawanabe & Mizuno 1989:660 [ref. 25598], Reshetnikov et al. 1997:758 [ref. 24702], Sideleva 1998:150 [ref. 23595], Nakabo 2000:638 [ref. 25086], Goto et al. 2001:70 [ref. 25596], Pietsch et al. 2001:144 [ref. 25688], Bogutskaya et al. 2001:46 [ref. 26178], Nakabo 2002:638 [ref. 26001], Parin et al. 2002:S72 [ref. 28300], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:186 [ref. 28183], Fujii et al. 2005:12 [ref. 28191], Goto et al. 2014:[9] [ref. 33456], Parin et al. 2014:241 [ref. 33547], Dyldin & Orlov 2017:62 [ref. 35138], Dyldin et al. 2021:62 [ref. 38804], Dyldin & Orlov 2022:42 [ref. 38972]). Current status: Valid as Cottus amblystomopsis Schmidt 1904. Cottidae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

annae, Cottus Jordan [D. S.] & Starks [E. C.] in Jordan 1896:223, Pl. 27 [Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (Series 2) v. 6; ref. 2395] Eagle River at Gypsum, Colorado, U.S.A. Syntypes: CAS-SU 1305 and 1308-10 [but all in 1309] (4). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:128 [ref. 12291]. Lectotype established in Jordan 1896:244 [ref. 2395] if specimen is identifiable. •Synonym of Cottus beldingii Eigenmann & Eigenmann 1891 -- (Bailey & Bond 1963:1 [ref. 3934], Lee et al. 1980:806 [ref. 22416]). Current status: Synonym of Cottus beldingii Eigenmann & Eigenmann 1891. Cottidae. Habitat: freshwater.

asper, Cottus Richardson [J.] (ex Gairdner) 1836:295, 313, Pl. 95 (fig. 1) [Fauna Boreali-Americana Part 3; ref. 3731] Columbia River at Fort Vancouver, southern Washington, U.S.A. Holotype (unique) (?): BMNH 2020.4.17.4. Apparent holotype is at the BMNH (pers. comm. from C. Bond, 6/99). •Valid as Cottus asper Richardson 1836 -- (Lee et al. 1980:802 [ref. 22416], Eschmeyer & Herald 1983:167 [ref. 9277], Matarese et al. 1989:444 [ref. 26885], McAllister 1990:196 [ref. 14674], Page & Burr 1991:247 [ref. 18983], Swift et al. 1993:127 [ref. 22379], Scott & Crossman 1998:823 [ref. 24570], Fuller et al. 1999:339 [ref. 25838], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:469 [ref. 25968], Moyle 2002:346 [ref. 26449], Wydoski & Whitney 2003:203 [ref. 27816], Nelson et al. 2004:119 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:86 [ref. 37547], McPhail 2007:457 [ref. 31199], Scharpf 2008:7 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:472 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:122 [ref. 32708], Goto et al. 2014:[9] [ref. 33456], Pietsch & Orr 2015:40 [ref. 34694], Kells et al. 2016:168 [ref. 35888], Love et al. 2021:117 [ref. 39279], Young et al. 2022:327 [ref. 39356], Page et al. 2023:183 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Cottus asper Richardson 1836. Cottidae. Distribution: Northeastern Pacific: Seward, Alaska (U.S.A.) south to Ventura River, southern California (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

asperrima, Cottus Rutter [C. L.] 1908:144, Fig. 3 [Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries v. 27 (Doc. 637) (for 1907); ref. 12415] Fall River at Dana and Fall River Mills, California, U.S.A. Holotype: USNM 58500. Paratypes: (5) CAS-SU 9968 (2), USNM 126463 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:128 [ref. 12291]. •Valid as Cottus asperrimus Rutter 1908 -- (Lee et al. 1980:803 [ref. 22416], Page & Burr 1991:249 [ref. 18983], Moyle 2002:360 [ref. 26449], Nelson et al. 2004:119 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2008:7 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:474 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:122 [ref. 32708], Goto et al. 2014:[9] [ref. 33456], Young et al. 2022:327 [ref. 39356], Page et al. 2023:183 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Cottus asperrimus Rutter 1908. Cottidae. Distribution: North America: California (U.S.A.) endemic. Habitat: freshwater.

aturi, Cottus Freyhof [J.], Kottelat [M.] & Nolte [A.] 2005:132, Fig. 12 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 16 (no. 2); ref. 28259] Adour drainage, Dept. Hautes-Pyrénées, River Adour in Tarbes (Séméac), 43°19'39"B, 0°05'27"E, France. Holotype: MNHN 2005-0750. Paratypes: CMK 17577 (5), 18327 (7); FSFJ 1653 (2); MNHN 2005-0751 (3), 2005-0752 (2). Name is a noun in apposition. •Valid as Cottus aturi Freyhof, Kottelat & Nolte 2005 -- (Goto et al. 2014:[10] [ref. 33456], Sideleva et al. 2018:9 [ref. 36393]). Current status: Valid as Cottus aturi Freyhof, Kottelat & Nolte 2005. Cottidae. Distribution: Adour and Nivelle drainages, France and Spain. Habitat: freshwater.

baileyi, Cottus Robins [C. R.] 1961:311, Figs. 1b, c [Copeia 1961 (no. 3); ref. 9373] Middle fork of Holston River, 6 miles east-northeast of Marion, Smyth County, Virginia, U.S.A. Holotype: CUMV 25914. Paratypes: CUMV 22849 (58), 25915 (1, allotype); UMMZ 167171 (17). Additional material: CUMV 19179 (10), 21512 (4), 24418 (7); UMMZ 129084 (1), 129106 (1), 157471 (29); USNM 102433 (1). •Valid as Cottus baileyi Robins 1961 -- (Lee et al. 1980:804 [ref. 22416], Page & Burr 1991:250 [ref. 18983], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:644 [ref. 21581], Kinziger et al. 2000:1007 [ref. 25019], Nelson et al. 2004:119 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2008:7 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:476 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:122 [ref. 32708], Goto et al. 2014:[10] [ref. 33456], Page et al. 2023:183 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Cottus baileyi Robins 1961. Cottidae. Distribution: Eastern North America: upper Tennessee River drainage, Virginia and Tennessee (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

bairdii, Cottus Girard [C. F.] 1850:410 [Proceedings of AAAS (The American Association for the Advancement of Science) 2nd meeting, 1849; ref. 18123] Mahoning River, Portland, Ohio; tributaries to Ohio River in Pennsylvania, U.S.A. Syntypes: none known. See also Girard 1850:189 [ref. 1814]. •Valid as Cottus bairdi Girard 1850, subspecies bairdi Girard 1858 -- (Backus 1951:292 [ref. 41140]). •Valid as Cottus bairdii Girard 1850 -- (Bailey & Bond 1963:1 [ref. 3934] as bairdi, Lee et al. 1980:805 [ref. 22416], Smith 1986:355 [ref. 22186], McAllister 1990:196 [ref. 14674] as bairdi, Page & Burr 1991:250 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:102 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:384 [ref. 22809], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:639 [ref. 21581], La Rivers 1994:585 [ref. 23389], Baxter & Stone 1995:220 [ref. 23374], Stauffer et al. 1995:250 [ref. 23376], Andersen & Deacon 1996:124 [ref. 24717], Chereshnev 1996:605 [ref. 24659], Mettee et al. 1996:491 [ref. 25836], Sigler & Sigler 1996:230 [ref. 25943], Scott & Crossman 1998:826 [ref. 24570] as bairdi, Fuller et al. 1999:340 [ref. 25838] as bairdi, Broughton 2000:653 [ref. 24593] as bairdi, Lyons et al. 2000:42 [ref. 26594] as bairdi, Markle & Hill 2000:202 [ref. 24886] as bairdi, Kinziger et al. 2000:1007 [ref. 25019], Gasper et al. 2001:264 [ref. 25578] as bairdi, Wydoski & Whitney 2003:205 [ref. 27816] as bairdi, Bailey et al. 2004:170 [ref. 27882], Nelson et al. 2004:119 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:419 [ref. 27995], Robins 2005:4 [ref. 28230], McPhail 2007:463 [ref. 31199], Scharpf 2008:7, 9 [ref. 30399], Minckley & Marsh 2009:308 [ref. 31114] as bairdi, Kinziger & Wood 2010:59 [ref. 30701], Page & Burr 2011:475 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:122 [ref. 32708], LeMone et al. 2014:249 [ref. 33134] as cf. bairdii, Goto et al. 2014:[10] [ref. 33456], Young et al. 2022:333 [ref. 39356], Bagley et al. 2023:320 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:183 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Cottus bairdii Girard 1850. Cottidae. Distribution: Widespread in North America. IUCn (2013): Least Concern. Habitat: freshwater.

beldingii, Cottus Eigenmann [C. H.] & Eigenmann [R. S.] 1891:1132 [American Naturalist v. 25 (no. 300); ref. 11063] Lake Tahoe and Donner Lake, California, U.S.A. Syntypes: BMNH 1890.11.15.94-97 (4), 1890.11.15.98-101 (4); not CAS 504, 505, and 702; UMMZ 92669 (2). CAS type specimens would have been lost in the fire of 1906. •Valid as Cottus beldingii Eigenmann & Eigenmann 1891 [often incorrectly as beldingi] -- (Bailey & Bond 1963:1 [ref. 3934] as beldingi, Lee et al. 1980:806 [ref. 22416], Page & Burr 1991:251 [ref. 18983], La Rivers 1994:588 [ref. 23389], Baxter & Stone 1995:222 [ref. 23374], Sigler & Sigler 1996:232 [ref. 25943] as beldingi, Moyle 2002:357 [ref. 26449] as beldingi, Wydoski & Whitney 2003:206 [ref. 27816] as beldingi, Nelson et al. 2004:119 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2008:8 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:479 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:122 [ref. 32708], LeMone et al. 2014:249 [ref. 33134], Goto et al. 2014:[10] [ref. 33456], Young et al. 2022:330 [ref. 39356], Page et al. 2023:183 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Cottus beldingii Eigenmann & Eigenmann 1891. Cottidae. Distribution: Western North America: western U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater.

bendirei, Potamocottus Bean [T. H.] 1881:27 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 4 (no. 190); ref. 16046] Rattlesnake Creek near Camp Harney, Oregon, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): USNM 24196. •Synonym of Cottus bairdii Girard 1850 -- (Bailey & Bond 1963:1 [ref. 3934]). •Valid as Cottus bendirei (Bean 1881) -- (Markle & Hill 2000:202 [ref. 24886], Nelson et al. 2004:119 [ref. 27807], McPhail 2007:476 [ref. 31199] with question, Scharpf 2008:8 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:479 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:122 [ref. 32708], Goto et al. 2014:[10] [ref. 33456], Young et al. 2022:335 [ref. 39356], Page et al. 2023:183 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Cottus bendirei (Bean 1881). Cottidae. Distribution: North America: Oregon, Idaho (northwestern U.S.A.), ?southwestern Canada [on ref. 31199]; usually as Oregon only. Habitat: freshwater.

boleoides, Cottus Girard [C. F.] 1850:411 [Proceedings of AAAS (The American Association for the Advancement of Science) 2nd meeting, 1849; ref. 18123] Windsor, Vermont, U.S.A. See also Girard 1850:189 [ref. 1814] and Girard 1851:56, Pl. 2 (figs. 7-8) [ref. 18124]. •Synonym of Cottus cognatus Richardson 1836. Current status: Synonym of Cottus cognatus Richardson 1836. Cottidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

caeruleomentum, Cottus Kinziger [A. P.], Raesly [R. L.] & Neely [D. A.] 2000:1009, Figs. 1-2 [Copeia 2000 (no. 4); ref. 25019] Evitts Creek at I68 bridge, east of Cumberland, Potomac River drainage, Allegany County, Maryland, U.S.A., 39°40'21.322"N, 78°43'25.728"W. Holotype: USNM 350112. Paratypes: USNM 350113 (41). •Valid as Cottus caeruleomentum Kinziger, Raesly & Neely 2000 -- (Nelson et al. 2004:119 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2008:8 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:476 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:122 [ref. 32708], Goto et al. 2014:[10] [ref. 33456], Page et al. 2023:183 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Cottus caeruleomentum Kinziger, Raesly & Neely 2000. Cottidae. Distribution: Eastern North America: eastern U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater.

carolinae, Potamocottus Gill [T. N.] 1861:41 [Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History v. 8 (1861-1862); ref. 1785] Maysville, Kentucky, U.S.A. Syntypes: MCZ 33438 (1), USNM 2859 (lost). •Valid as Cottus carolinae (Gill 1861) -- (Lee et al. 1980:807 [ref. 22416], Robison & Buchanan 1988:476 [ref. 23393], Page & Burr 1991:246 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:102 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:386 [ref. 22809], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:665 [ref. 21581], Stauffer et al. 1995:251 [ref. 23376], Cross & Collins 1995:183 [ref. 23394], Mettee et al. 1996:493 [ref. 25836], Ross et al. 2001:390 [ref. 25978], Nelson et al. 2004:119 [ref. 27807], Miller & Robison 2004:284 [ref. 27931], Robins 2005:4 [ref. 28230], Proudlove 2006:189 [ref. 28992], Neely et al. 2007:651 [ref. 29262] as "c. carolinae", Scharpf 2008:8 [ref. 30399] with subspecies and remarks, Kinziger & Wood 2010:59 [ref. 30701], Page & Burr 2011:470 [ref. 31215] with 3 subspecies, Adams et al. 2013:491 [ref. 32429], Page et al. 2013:122 [ref. 32708],. Goto et al. 2014:[10] [ref. 33456], Bagley et al. 2023:320 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:183 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Cottus carolinae (Gill 1861). Cottidae. Distribution: Eastern North America: eastern U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater.

cayuga, Cottus gracilis Meek [S. E.] 1889:315 [Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences v. 4 (art. 13) (for 1888); ref. 12390] Cayuga Lake, New York, U.S.A. •Synonym of Cottus cognatus Richardson 1836 -- (Smith 1986:358 [ref. 22186]). Current status: Synonym of Cottus cognatus Richardson 1836. Cottidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

centropleura, Uranidea semiscabra var. Eigenmann [C. H.] & Eigenmann [R. S.] 1889:149 [12] [West American Scientist v. 6 (no. 49) (for Nov. 1889); ref. 12402] Allen Springs, Lake County, California, U.S.A. Syntypes: BMNH 1891.5.19.53 [from Eigenmann] (1), USNM 41919 (1). On p. 12 of separate. •Synonym of Cottus gulosus (Girard 1854). Current status: Synonym of Cottus gulosus (Girard 1854). Cottidae. Habitat: freshwater.

chamberlaini, Cottus Evermann [B. W.] & Goldsborough [E. L.] 1907:308, Fig. 66 [Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries v. 26 (Doc. 624) (for 1906); ref. 6532] Probably from Loring, Alaska, U.S.A. Holotype: USNM 57823. Paratypes: CAS-SU 20011 (1); UMMZ 156705 [ex USNM 61052] (5); USNM 61052 (213), 124973 [ex USBF 1628 =5230] (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:128 [ref. 12291]. •Synonym of Cottus cognatus Richardson 1836 -- (Lee et al. 1980:808 [ref. 22416], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:468 [ref. 25968]). Current status: Synonym of Cottus cognatus Richardson 1836. Cottidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

chattahoochee, Cottus Neely [D. A.], Williams [J. D.] & Mayden [R. L.] 2007:649, Fig. 1B [Copeia 2007 (no. 3); ref. 29262] 10 kilometers west-northwest of Hamilton,, Blue Springs Branch at Lower Blue Springs road, 32°42'49"N, 84°58'08"W, Harris County, Georgia, USA. Holotype: UAIC 12371.14. Paratypes: many at ANSP, AUM, GMNH, INHS, TU, UF, UMMZ and USNM. Plus many non-type specimens mentioned in Material Examined. •Valid as Cottus chattahoochee Neely, Williams & Mayden 2007 -- (Scharpf 2008:9 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:477 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:122 [ref. 32708], Goto et al. 2014:[10] [ref. 33456], Page et al. 2023:183 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Cottus chattahoochee Neely, Williams & Mayden 2007. Cottidae. Distribution: North America: Chattahoochee River drainage above the Fall Line in Georgia (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

cognatus, Cottus Richardson [J.] 1836:40 [Fauna Boreali-Americana Part 3; ref. 3731] Great Bear Lake, Canada, 64.5°N. Syntypes: (many) MNHN 0000-6540 (1). Type catalog: Blanc & Hureau 1968:50-51 [ref. 20738]. •Valid as Cottus cognatus Richardson 1836, subspecies cognatus -- (Chereshnev et al. 2001:118 [ref. 26736]). •Valid as Cottus cognatus Richardson 1836 -- (Lee et al. 1980:808 [ref. 22416], Sideleva 1982:82 [ref. 14469], Smith 1986:356 [ref. 22186], McAllister 1990:196 [ref. 14674], Page & Burr 1991:249 [ref. 18983], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:647 [ref. 21581], Stauffer et al. 1995:252 [ref. 23376], Chereshnev 1996:606 [ref. 24659], Reshetnikov et al. 1997:758 [ref. 24702], Sideleva 1998:151 [ref. 23595], Scott & Crossman 1998:830 [ref. 24570], Kinziger et al. 2000:1007 [ref. 25019], Lyons et al. 2000:42 [ref. 26594], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:27 [ref. 25650], Bogutskaya et al. 2001:46 [ref. 26178], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:468 [ref. 25968], Parin et al. 2002:S72 [ref. 28300], Wydoski & Whitney 2003:207 [ref. 27816], Bailey et al. 2004:171 [ref. 27882], Nelson et al. 2004:119 [ref. 27807], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:186 [ref. 28183], McPhail 2007:462 [ref. 31199], Scharpf 2008:9 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:474 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:122 [ref. 32708], LeMone et al. 2014:249 [ref. 33134], Goto et al. 2014:[10] [ref. 33456], Parin et al. 2014:242 [ref. 33547], Young et al. 2022:329 [ref. 39356], Page et al. 2023:183 [ref. 40505], Tellier et al. 2023:2 [ref. 40219]). Current status: Valid as Cottus cognatus Richardson 1836. Cottidae. Distribution: North America: Canada and U.S.A. (but eastern North Asia and Western North America and Arctic on ref. 33547). Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

confusus, Cottus Bailey [R. M.] & Bond [C. E.] 1963:12, Figs. 1c, 3a, 4c [Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology University of Michigan No. 634; ref. 3934] Salmon River, tributary to Snake River, 25 miles northwest of Ketchum, Blaine County, Idaho, U.S.A. Holotype: UMMZ 177377. Paratypes: UMMZ 161840 (39). Additional material at UBC, MSU, OS, UMMZ, and UW. •Valid as Cottus confusus Bailey & Bond 1963 -- (Lee et al. 1980:809 [ref. 22416], McAllister 1990:196 [ref. 14674], Page & Burr 1991:251 [ref. 18983], Scott & Crossman 1998:835 [ref. 24570], Wydoski & Whitney 2003:209 [ref. 27816], Nelson et al. 2004:119 [ref. 27807], McPhail 2007:469 [ref. 31199], Scharpf 2008:9 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:480 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:122 [ref. 32708], LeMone et al. 2014:249 [ref. 33134], Goto et al. 2014:[10] [ref. 33456], Young et al. 2022:337 [ref. 39356], Page et al. 2023:184 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Cottus confusus Bailey & Bond 1963. Cottidae. Distribution: North America: Columbia River drainage and Puget Sound drainage (southwestern Canada and northwestern U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

copei, Cottus Abbott [C. C.] 1860:326 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 12; ref. 15620] Brandywine Creek tributaries in Pennsylvania, U.S.A. Holotype: ANSP 22713 (poor condition). Paratypes: ANSP 22714 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:65 [ref. 13621]. •Synonym of Cottus cognatus Richardson 1836. Current status: Synonym of Cottus cognatus Richardson 1836. Cottidae. Habitat: freshwater.

cyclophthalmus, Cottus Sideleva [V. G.], Kesminas [V.] & Zhidkov [Z. V.] 2022:43, Figs. 2-3 [European Journal of Taxonomy v. 834; ref. 39468] Karnaya River near Tokarevka Village, Kaliningrad Region, Russia, 54°24'59.4"N, 22°23'50.4"E. Holotype: ZIN 56687. Paratypes: ZIN 56688 (8). Plus additional non-type material. •Valid as Cottus cyclophthalmus Sideleva, Kesminas & Zhidkov 2022. Current status: Valid as Cottus cyclophthalmus Sideleva, Kesminas & Zhidkov 2022. Cottidae. Distribution: North-east Europe: Krasnaya, Neris, Žeimena and Sesartis River drainages (Neman/Nemunas River system) and Šerkšnė River drainage (Venta River system), Baltic Sea basin. Habitat: freshwater.

czerskii, Cottus Berg [L. S.] 1913:17, Pl. [Zapiski obshchestva izucheniya Amurskogo Kraya [The Acta of the Society for the Study of the Amur Region] v. 13; ref. 14943] Sedanka River, Vladivostok, Russia. Holotype: ZIN 15853. Type catalog: Sideleva & Zhidkov 2021:236 [ref. 38705]. Second specimen mentioned on p. 21 [ZISP 14983]. •Valid as Cottus czerskii Berg 1913 -- (Berg 1949:1140 [ref. 20662], Sideleva 1982:82 [ref. 14469], Sheiko 1983:18 [ref. 37041], Lindberg & Krasyukova 1987:171 [ref. 15964], Kim & Youn 1992:60 [ref. 22287], Zhu 1995:189 [ref. 25213], Kim 1997:406 [ref. 24032], Reshetnikov et al. 1997:758 [ref. 24702], Sideleva 1998:151 [ref. 23595], Sokolovskaya et al. 1998:9 [ref. 24670], Kim & Park 2002:326 [ref. 25913], Bogutskaya et al. 2001:46 [ref. 26178], Choi et al. 2003:262, 572 [ref. 26218], Parin et al. 2002:S73 [ref. 28300], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:186 [ref. 28183], Fujii et al. 2005:12 [ref. 28191], Goto et al. 2014:[9] [ref. 33456], Parin et al. 2014:242 [ref. 33547], Zhang et al. 2016:193 [ref. 34477], Sideleva & Zhidkov 2021:236 [ref. 38705]). Current status: Valid as Cottus czerskii Berg 1913. Cottidae. Distribution: East Asia: continental coast of the Sea of Japan from Serebryanka River, Russia to the North Nandai River, Korea. Habitat: freshwater.

dorofeevi, Cottus Sideleva [V. G.] & Shidkov [Z. V.] 2024:487, Figs. 2, 9, 10, 11 [Zootaxa 5447 (no. 4); ref. 41080] Ovsyanka River, a tributary of the Western Dvina, Vitebsk region, Belarus, 55.5907N, 30.4080E. Holotype: ZIN 56916. Paratypes: ZIN. •Valid as Cottus dorofeevi Sideleva & Shidkov 2024. Current status: Valid as Cottus dorofeevi Sideleva & Shidkov 2024. Cottidae. Distribution: Eastern Europe: Western Dvina / Daugava River drainage, Belarus. Habitat: freshwater.

duranii, Cottus Freyhof [J.], Kottelat [M.] & Nolte [A.] 2005:136, Fig. 14 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 16 (no. 2); ref. 28259] Stream Epie, tributary of Tryuètr. at Valette, Dept. Cantal, Dordogne drainage, France. Holotype: MNHN 2005-0754. Paratypes: CMK 18276 (3), 18270 (4); MNHN 2005-0755 (2), 2005-0756 (2). Plus non-type material. •Valid as Cottus duranii Freyhof, Kottelat & Nolte 2005 -- (Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:508 [ref. 29996], Sideleva 2009:211 [ref. 30173], Goto et al. 2014:[10] [ref. 33456], Sideleva et al. 2015:33 [ref. 35276], Sideleva et al. 2018:9 [ref. 36393]). Current status: Valid as Cottus duranii Freyhof, Kottelat & Nolte 2005. Cottidae. Distribution: France. Habitat: freshwater.

dzungaricus, Cottus Kottelat [M.] 2006:60, 90 [Fishes of Mongolia; ref. 28831] Altai, northern Sinkiang, China. Holotype: ASIZB NK 64-997. Paratypes: ASIZB 64-979 to 980 (2), 64-983 to 985 (3), 64-988 (1), 64-992 (1); Acad. Sinica, Sinkiang, Bureau of Water Conservancy and Dept. Biol. Sinkiang Univ. 64-981 to 982 (2), 64-986 to 987 (2), 64-989 to 991 (3). Relacement name for Cottus sibiricus altaicus Li & Ho 1966, preoccupied by Cottus poecilopus altaicus Kaschenko 1899. •Valid as Cottus dzungaricus Kottelat 2006 -- (Goto et al. 2014:[9] [ref. 33456]). •Possible synonym of Cottus sibiricus Warpachowski 1889 -- (Sideleva 2017:827 [ref. 35715]). Replacement Name. Current status: Valid as Cottus dzungaricus Kottelat 2006. Cottidae. Distribution: Chinese Altai, China. Habitat: freshwater.

echinatus, Cottus Bailey [R. M.] & Bond [C. E.] 1963:2, Figs. 1a, 2a, 4a [Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology University of Michigan No. 634; ref. 3934] Utah Lake, mouth of Provo River, Utah County, Utah, U.S.A. Holotype: UMMZ 177376. Paratypes: UMMZ 156794 (2); USNM 27414 (2), 197681 (2). •Valid as Cottus echinatus Bailey & Bond 1963 -- (Lee et al. 1980:810 [ref. 22416], Nelson et al. 2004:119 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2008:9 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:474 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:122 [ref. 32708], Goto et al. 2014:[10] [ref. 33456], Page et al. 2023:184 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Cottus echinatus Bailey & Bond 1963. Cottidae. Distribution: North America: Utah Lake, Utah (U.S.A.) [extinct]. Habitat: freshwater.

emeljanovi, Cottus Lindberg [G. U.] 1927:7, fig. [Trudy Gosudarstvennogo Dal'nevostočnogo Universiteta [= Mémoires de l'Université d'Etat à l'Extrême-Orient, Serija 8, Biologia, Vladivostok] No. 2; ref. 16497] Botchi River, Primorye, southeastern Russia. Lectotype: ZIN 21988. Paralectotypes: (1). Lectotype selected by Berg 1949:1147 [ref. 20662]. •Synonym of Cottus amblystomopsis Schmidt 1904 -- (Berg 1949:1142 [ref. 20662], Sideleva 1998:150 [ref. 23595], Parin et al. 2002:S72 [ref. 28300], Parin et al. 2014:241 [ref. 33547], Dyldin & Orlov 2017:62 [ref. 35138]). Current status: Synonym of Cottus amblystomopsis Schmidt 1904. Cottidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

evermanni, Cottus Gilbert [C. H.] 1898:11, Fig. [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 17 (art. 1) [1897]; ref. 12349] Lost River near Lostine, Oregon, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): USNM 48228. •Synonym of Cottus princeps Gilbert 1898 -- (Lee et al. 1980:820 [ref. 22416]). Current status: Synonym of Cottus princeps Gilbert 1898. Cottidae. Habitat: freshwater.

extensus, Cottus Bailey [R. M.] & Bond [C. E.] 1963:8, Figs. 1b, 2b, 4b [Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology University of Michigan No. 634; ref. 3934] Along eastern shore of Bear Lake, south of the South Eden Delta, Rich County, Utah, U.S.A. Holotype: UMMZ 141840. Paratypes: UMMZ 141841 (15). Additional material at UMMZ. •Valid as Cottus extensus Bailey & Bond 1963 -- (Lee et al. 1980:811 [ref. 22416], Page & Burr 1991:249 [ref. 18983], Sigler & Sigler 1996:235 [ref. 25943], Fuller et al. 1999:341 [ref. 25838], Broughton 2000:653 [ref. 24593], Nelson et al. 2004:119 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2008:9 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:474 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:122 [ref. 32708], Goto et al. 2014:[10] [ref. 33456], Page et al. 2023:184 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Cottus extensus Bailey & Bond 1963. Cottidae. Distribution: North America: Bear Lake, Idaho/Utah (U.S. A.). Introduced elsewhere in U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater.

ferrugineus, Cottus Heckel [J. J.] & Kner [R.] 1857:34, Figs. 14-15 [Die Süsswasserfische der Österreichischen Monarchie; ref. 2078] Garda Lake, Mailand, Treviso, Italy and Xegar, Dalmatia [Croatia]. Lectotype: NMW 6419. Paralectotypes: NMW 6036 (4), 6419 (? now 4), 6562-63 (2, 3), 6673 (6), 78799 (4). Appeared first as a nomen nudum in Bonaparte 1846:62. •See Lelek 1987:274 [ref. 22962]. •Synonym of Cottus gobio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Berg 1949:1145 [ref. 20662], Neelov 1973:593 [ref. 7219], Freyhof et al. 2005:132 [ref. 28259], Bianco & Delmastro 2011:6 [ref. 31648] Bianco 2013:10 [ref. 32897]). •Valid as Cottus ferrugineus Heckel & Kner 1857 -- (Kottelat 1997:169 [ref. 22952], Sideleva et al. 2015:33 [ref. 35276]). Current status: Valid as Cottus ferrugineus Heckel & Kner 1857. Cottidae. Distribution: Southern Europe. Habitat: freshwater.

formosus, Cottus Girard [C. F.] 1851:58 [Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge v. 3 (art. 3) (for 1850); ref. 18124] Lake Ontario off Oswego, New York, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): USNM. •Synonym of Cottus cognatus Richardson 1836 -- (Smith 1986:358 [ref. 22186], Scott & Crossman 1998:835 [ref. 24570]). Current status: Synonym of Cottus cognatus Richardson 1836. Cottidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

franklini, Cottus Agassiz [L.] 1850:303 [Lake Superior; ref. 66] East and south shores of Lake Superior, North America. Syntypes: ?MCZ 35977 [ex USNM] (2). •Synonym of Cottus cognatus Richardson 1836 -- (Scott & Crossman 1998:835 [ref. 24570]). Current status: Synonym of Cottus cognatus Richardson 1836. Cottidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

girardi, Cottus Robins [C. R.] 1961:306, Figs. 1a, d [Copeia 1961 (no. 3); ref. 9373] Conochocheague Creek, 9.6 miles northeast of Chambersburg on rt. 11, Franklin County, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. Holotype: CUMV 25607. Paratypes: CUMV 1680 (13), 7363 (10), 25605 (1); UMMZ 167174 (4). Additional material: CUMV (15 lots, 16). •Valid as Cottus girardi Robins 1961 -- (Lee et al. 1980:812 [ref. 22416], Page & Burr 1991:246 [ref. 18983], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:670 [ref. 21581], Stauffer et al. 1995:255 [ref. 23376], Nelson et al. 2004:119 [ref. 27807], Robins 2005:4 [ref. 28230], Scharpf 2008:9 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:471 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:122 [ref. 32708], Goto et al. 2014:[10] [ref. 33456], Page et al. 2023:184 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Cottus girardi Robins 1961. Cottidae. Distribution: Eastern North America: eastern U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater.

gobio, Cottus Linnaeus [C.] 1758:265 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Stream Freudenbach at Lockstädt, 53°12'N, 12°01'E, lower Elbe River drainage, Germany. Neotype: NRM 51803. Neotype designated by Fricke 1999:38 [ref. 24101], but withdrawn in Fricke 2000:639 [ref. 24537]. For a discussion of the types and neotype designation see Freyhof et al. 2005:129 [ref. 28259]. •Valid as Cottus gobio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Herrera 1896:63 [ref. 39336], Berg 1949:1145 [ref. 20662], Neelov 1973:593 [ref. 7219], Sideleva 1982:81 [ref. 14469], Fedorov in Whitehead et al. 1986:1247 [ref. 13677], Lelek 1987:274 [ref. 22962], Mitrofanov & Dukravec 1989:281 [ref. 37748], Mrakovcic et al. 1995:184 [ref. 23079], Chereshnev 1996:606 [ref. 24659], Kottelat 1997:169 [ref. 22952], Reshetnikov et al. 1997:758 [ref. 24702], Sideleva 1998:151 [ref. 23595], Fricke 1999:38 [ref. 24101], Bogutskaya et al. 2001:46 [ref. 26178], Parin et al. 2002:S73 [ref. 28300], Hanel 2003:61 [ref. 27894], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:186 [ref. 28183], Freyhof et al. 2005:124 [ref. 28259], Hanel & Lusk 2005:337 [ref. 28804], Fricke 2007:26 [ref. 30577], Shedko & Miroshnichenko 2007:24 [ref. 29369], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:508 [ref. 29996], Sideleva 2009:210 [ref. 30173], Bianco 2013:10 [ref. 32897], Goto et al. 2014:[10] [ref. 33456], Parin et al. 2014:243 [ref. 33547], Sideleva et al. 2015:430 [ref. 33770], Sideleva et al. 2018:8 [ref. 36393], Ćaleta et al. 2019:186 [ref. 37026], Lorenzoni et al. 2019:253 [ref. 37108], Dyldin et al. 2020:106 [ref. 37569], Bravničar et al. 2021: [2] 429 [ref. 38624], Young et al. 2022:329 [ref. 39356], Sideleva et al. 2022:41 [ref. 39468], Nagy et al. 2023:358 [ref. 40348], Shumka et al. 2023:37 [ref. 40747], Sideleva & Shidkov 2024:492 [ref. 41080]). Current status: Valid as Cottus gobio Linnaeus 1758. Cottidae. Distribution: Western and northern Europe. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

gobioides, Cottus Girard [C. F.] 1850:411 [Proceedings of AAAS (The American Association for the Advancement of Science) 2nd meeting, 1849; ref. 18123] Burlington, Vermont, U.S.A. See also Girard 1850:189 [ref. 1814] and Girard 1851:55, Pl. 2 (figs. 3-4) [ref. 18124]. •Synonym of Cottus cognatus Richardson 1836. Current status: Synonym of Cottus cognatus Richardson 1836. Cottidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

gracilis, Cottus Heckel [J. J.] 1837:148 [Annalen des Wiener Museums der Naturgeschichte v. 2 (no. 1) (for 1840); ref. 2079] New York, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): NMW 6422. •Synonym of Cottus cognatus Richardson 1836 -- (Smith 1986:358 [ref. 22186], Scott & Crossman 1998:835 [ref. 24570], Scharpf 2008:9 [ref. 30399]). •Synonym of Cottus cognatus Richardson 1837, but a valid subspecies -- (Chereshnev 1996:606 [ref. 24659], Reshetnikov et al. 1997:758 [ref. 24702], Sideleva 1998:151 [ref. 23595]). Current status: Synonym of Cottus cognatus Richardson 1836. Cottidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

gratzianowi, Cottus Sideleva [V. G.], Naseka [A. M.] & Zhidkov [Z. V.] 2015:420, Figs. 2-3, 5a-6a [Zootaxa 3949 (no. 3); ref. 33770] Ukhtomitsa River village of Korotetskaya (Vologda Province), 60°18′19″N, 38°40′30″E, Onega River drainage, White Sea basin, Arctic basin. Holotype: ZIN 55596. Paratypes: ZIN 55597. •Valid as Cottus gratzianowi Sideleva, Naseka & Zhidkov 2015 -- (Dyldin et al. 2020:110 [ref. 37569], Dyldin et al. 2020:114 [ref. 37569]). Current status: Valid as Cottus gratzianowi Sideleva, Naseka & Zhidkov 2015. Cottidae. Distribution: Northeastern Europe: Onega River drainage, White Sea basin, Arctic basin (Russia). Habitat: freshwater.

greenei, Uranidea Gilbert [C. H.] & Culver [G. B.] in Jordan & Evermann 1898:1965 [Bulletin of the United States National Museum No. 47; ref. 2444] Thousand Springs, Snake River, near mouth of Salmon Fall River, Gooding County, Idaho, U.S.A. Holotype: CAS-SU uncat. Paratypes: CAS-SU uncat. (incl. the type, marked drawn). Type series found by D. Neely 1/2008 at CAS. •Valid as Cottus greenei (Gilbert & Culver 1898) -- (Lee et al. 1980:813 [ref. 22416], Page & Burr 1991:248 [ref. 18983], Fuller et al. 1999:341 [ref. 25838], Nelson et al. 2004:119 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2008:9 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:473 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:122 [ref. 32708], Goto et al. 2014:[10] [ref. 33456], Young et al. 2022:330 [ref. 39356], Page et al. 2023:184 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Cottus greenei (Gilbert & Culver 1898). Cottidae. Distribution: North America: Snake River basin, Idaho (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

gulosus, Cottopsis Girard [C. F.] 1854:129 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 7; ref. 1817] San Joaquin River, California, U.S.A. Syntypes: USNM 291 (2). •Valid as Cottus gulosus (Girard 1854) -- (Lee et al. 1980:814 [ref. 22416], Page & Burr 1991:252 [ref. 18983], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:404 [ref. 25968], Moyle 2002:350 [ref. 26449], Wydoski & Whitney 2003:210 [ref. 27816], Nelson et al. 2004:119 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2008:9 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:481 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:122 [ref. 32708], Goto et al. 2014:[9] [ref. 33456], Young et al. 2022:327 [ref. 39356], Moyle & Campbell 2022:516 [ref. 39359], Page et al. 2023:184 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Cottus gulosus (Girard 1854). Cottidae. Distribution: North America: California (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

haemusi, Cottus gobio Marinov [B. T.] & Dikov [C. I.] 1986:19 [Acta Zoologica Bulgarica v. 31; ref. 8968] Upper Beli Vit River, above village Ribarica, Danube River basin, Bulgaria. Holotype: DHISUB 6039-1. Paratypes: DHISUB 6016-1 to 6038-1 (23), 6040-1 to 6045-1 (6). •Tentatively a synonym of Cottus gobio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Kottelat 1997:169 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Cottus gobio Linnaeus 1758, but a valid subspecies as described -- (Vassilev & Pehlivanov 2005:184 [ref. 28369]). •Valid as Cottus haemusi Marinov & Dikov 1986 -- (Freyhof et al. 2005:160 [ref. 28259], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:510 [ref. 29996] Goto et al. 2014:[10] [ref. 33456]). Current status: Valid as Cottus haemusi Marinov & Dikov 1986. Cottidae. Distribution: Bulgaria. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

hangiongensis, Cottus Mori [T.] 1930:48 [10], Fig. [Journal of the Chosen Natural History Society No. 11; ref. 16505] Kai-nei, Korea. Holotype: whereabouts unknown. Additional specimens: (3). On p. 10 of separate. •Valid as Cottus hangiongensis Mori 1930 -- (Watanabe 1960:126 [ref. 11959], Okada 1961:704 [ref. 6363], Yabe in Masuda et al. 1984:326 [ref. 6441], Kawanabe & Mizuno 1989:658 [ref. 25598], Kim & Youn 1992:60 [ref. 22287], Zhu 1995:189 [ref. 25213], Kim 1997:404 [ref. 24032], Nakabo 2000:638 [ref. 25086], Matsuura et al. 2000:202 [ref. 26000], Pietsch et al. 2001:144 [ref. 25688], Bogutskaya et al. 2001:46 [ref. 26178], Kim & Park 2002:325 [ref. 25913], Nakabo 2002:638 [ref. 26001], Choi et al. 2003:262, 572 [ref. 26218], Hagiwara 2003:37 [ref. 27188], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:187 [ref. 28183], Fujii et al. 2005:12 [ref. 28191], Sideleva & Goto 2009:600 [ref. 30591], Goto et al. 2014:[9] [ref. 33456], Parin et al. 2014:243 [ref. 33547], Zhang et al. 2016:193 [ref. 34477], Dyldin & Orlov 2017:63 [ref. 35138], Dyldin et al. 2021:62 [ref. 38804] with question, Dyldin & Orlov 2022:42 [ref. 38972] with question). Current status: Valid as Cottus hangiongensis Mori 1930. Cottidae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

hilgendorfii, Cottus Döderlein [L.] in Steindachner & Döderlein 1884:208 [40] [Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe. v. 49 (1. Abth.); ref. 4248] Tokyo, Japan. Holotype (unique): NMW. See also Watanabe 1960:121 [ref. 11959]. Both Watanabe and Okada described a new species Cottus japonicus but with hilgendorfii in synonymy [as hilgendorfi]. •Synonym of Cottus japonicus Okada 1961 -- (Okada 1961:699 [ref. 6363]). •Synonym of Cottus pollux Günther 1873 -- (Okada 1961:699 [ref. 6363], Zhang et al. 2016:193 [ref. 34477] with authorship as Steindachner & Doderlein). Current status: Synonym of Cottus pollux Günther 1873. Cottidae. Habitat: freshwater.

hispaniolensis, Cottus gobio Băcescu [M. C.] & Băcescu-Meşter [L.] 1964:444 [Vie et Milieu Suppl. No. 17; ref. 1238] Garona River at Viella, eastern Pyreneans, Spain. Syntypes: ?MGAB. •Synonym of Cottus gobio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Kottelat 1997:169 [ref. 22952]). •Valid as Cottus hispaniolensis Băcescu & Băcescu-Meşter 1964 -- (Freyhof et al. 2005:134 [ref. 28259], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:511 [ref. 29996], Sideleva 2009:211 [ref. 30173], Goto et al. 2014:[11] [ref. 33456], Sideleva et al. 2018:9 [ref. 36393]). Current status: Valid as Cottus hispaniolensis Băcescu & Băcescu-Meşter 1964. Cottidae. Distribution: Southwest Europe: Garonne drainage, Spain and France. Habitat: freshwater.

hoyi, Uranidea Putnam [F. W.] in Nelson 1876:41 [Bulletin of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History v. 1 (no. 1); ref. 3154] Lake Michigan, 12 miles off Racine, Wisconsin, U.S.A., depth 42 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 30903. •Synonym of Cottus cognatus Richardson 1836. Current status: Synonym of Cottus cognatus Richardson 1836. Cottidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

hubbsi, Cottus Bailey [R. M.] & Dimick [M. F.] 1949:2, Pl. 1 [Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology University of Michigan No. 513; ref. 12998] Entiat River, Chelan County, Washington, U.S.A. Holotype: UMMZ 145161. Paratypes: UMMZ 98675 (2), 98802 (2), 129736 (3), 145160 (2), 145162 (2); USNM 142967-70 (2, 1, 2, 2). •Synonym of Cottus bairdii Girard 1850 -- (Bailey & Bond 1963:1 [ref. 3934], Scott & Crossman 1998:830 [ref. 24570] as bairdi). •Valid as Cottus hubbsi Bailey & Dimick 1949 -- (Markle & Hill 2000:202 [ref. 24886], Nelson et al. 2004:119 [ref. 27807], McPhail 2007:475 [ref. 31199], Scharpf 2008:10 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:478 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:122 [ref. 32708], LeMone et al. 2014:249 [ref. 33134], Goto et al. 2014:[10] [ref. 33456], Page et al. 2023:184 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Cottus hubbsi Bailey & Dimick 1949. Cottidae. Distribution: North America: southwestern Canada and northwestern U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater.

hypselurus, Cottus Robins [C. R.] & Robison [H. W.] 1985:361, Figs. 1-2 [American Midland Naturalist v. 114 (no. 2); ref. 17268] Bennett Springs, 11 miles northwest of Lebanon, Missouri, U.S.A. Holotype: UMMZ 150419. Paratypes: CUMV 23478 (26), 37382 (25). Additional material: ANSP 67275-77 (3); CUMV (5 lots, 143); KU (4 lots, 99); NLU (8 lots, 242; now 6 lots); SAU uncat (5 lots, 99); UMMZ (19 lots, 268); USNM 93272 (7). •Valid as Cottus hypselurus Robins & Robison 1985 -- (Robison & Buchanan 1988:477 [ref. 23393], Page & Burr 1991:250 [ref. 18983], Kinziger et al. 2000:1007 [ref. 25019], Gasper et al. 2001:264 [ref. 25578], Kinziger & Wood 2003:624 [ref. 27132] and also recognized a Cottus sp. cf. cypselurus, Nelson et al. 2004:119 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2008:10 [ref. 30399], Kinziger & Wood 2010:58 [ref. 30701], Page & Burr 2011:478 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:122 [ref. 32708], Goto et al. 2014:[10] [ref. 33456], Page et al. 2023:184 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Cottus hypselurus Robins & Robison 1985. Cottidae. Distribution: North America: Missouri and Arkansas (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

ictalops, Pegedictis Rafinesque [C. S.] 1820:85 [Ichthyologia Ohiensis; ref. 3592] Near Lexington, Kentucky, U.S.A. No types known. •Synonym of Cottus bairdii Girard 1850 -- (Smith 1986:356 [ref. 22186] as bairdi). Current status: Synonym of Cottus bairdii Girard 1850. Cottidae. Habitat: freshwater.

immaculatus, Cottus Kinziger [A. P.] & Wood [R. M.] 2010:51, Figs. 1, 2B, 3 [Zootaxa No. 2340; ref. 30701] Current River at Baptist Camp Access, 2.7 air kilometers east of Montauk State Park, 37°26.111'N, 91°39.447'W, Dent County, Missouri, U.S.A. Holotype: USNM 369996. Paratypes: INHS 102783 (10), USNM 396997 (10), UW 118923 (5). Plus non-type specimens. •Valid as Cottus immaculatus Kinziger & Wood 2010 -- (Page et al. 2013:122 [ref. 32708], Goto et al. 2014:[10] [ref. 33456], Tellier et al. 2023:2 [ref. 40219], Page et al. 2023:184 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Cottus immaculatus Kinziger & Wood 2010. Cottidae. Distribution: North America: Arkansas and Missouri (U.S.A.); invasive in Connecticut (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

infernatis, Cottus carolinae Williams [J. D.] & Robins [C. R.] 1970:371, Fig. 1 [American Midland Naturalist v. 83 (no. 2); ref. 7791] Chewacla Creek, Chewacla State Park, about 3 miles south of Auburn, Lower Alabama river system, Lee County, Alabama, U.S.A. Holotype: USNM 203762. Paratypes: CUMV 53321 (4); TU 32497 (5); UAIC 1237 (4), 2118 (3); UMMZ 111208 (5); USNM 20078 (4), 203336-39 (1, 1, 1, 1). Type catalog: Bart & Taylor 1993:66-67 [ref. 20906]. •Synonym of Cottus carolinae (Gill 1861) -- (Lee et al. 1980:807 [ref. 22416], Robison & Buchanan 1988:476 [ref. 23393]). •Synonym of Cottus carolinae (Gill 1861), but a valid subspecies as described -- (Boschung & Mayden 2004:423 [ref. 27995] as infernatus, Neely et al. 2007:651 [ref. 29262] as inferenatus, Scharpf 2008:8 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:470 [ref. 31215]). Current status: Synonym of Cottus carolinae (Gill 1861). Cottidae. Distribution: Alabama, U.S.A. [subspecies infernatis]. Habitat: freshwater.

japonicus, Centridermichthys Steindachner [F.] 1881:187 [9], Pl. 7 (figs. 1, 1a) [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 83 (1. Abth.); ref. 4231] Kanagava, Japan. On p. 9 of separate. Apparently described independently of Centridermichthys japonicus Steindachner 1870. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Centridermichthys japonicus Steindachner 1870. 1°Homonym. Cottidae. Habitat: freshwater.

japonicus, Cottus Okada [Y.] 1961:699, Figs. 121 a-e [Studies on the freshwater fishes of Japan.; ref. 6363] Japan. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Cottus japonicus Pal/las 1769 and Cottus japonicus Watanabe 1960. Clearly described as a new species, but perhaps intended to be the same as Cottus japonicus Watanabe 1960 with same common name "Kajika" and based on same sources. Okada's work was apparently to predate Watanabe's work, but Okada dates to 1961 and Watanabe to 1960; perhaps last minute changes resulted in the description of two new species. •Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Cottus japonicus Pallas 1769. •Status uncertain. 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Cottus. Cottidae. Habitat: freshwater.

japonicus, Cottus Watanabe [M.] 1960:121, Pl. 7 (fig. 1) [Fauna Japonica: Cottidae (Pisces); ref. 11959] Hei River, Miyako, & Koshi River, Kamaishi-gun, Iwate Prefecture; and Haguro River, Kitamurayama-gun, Yamagata Prefecture, Japan. Syntypes: (51). See also Cottus japonicus Okada 1961. •Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Cottus japonicus Pallas 1769. •Status uncertain. 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Cottus. Cottidae. Habitat: freshwater.

jaxartensis, Cottus gobio Berg [L. S.] 1916:437 [Les Poissons des eaux douces de la Russie; ref. 277] Ugam River, tributary of Chirchik River, Syr-Darya basin, Uzbekistan. Holotype (unique): ZIN 7799. Type catalog: Sideleva & Zhidkov 2021:239 [ref. 38705]. •Synonym of Cottus gobio Linnaeus 1758, but a valid subspecies as described -- (Berg 1949:1148 [ref. 20662]). •Tentatively a synonym of Cottus gobio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Kottelat 1997:169 [ref. 22952]). •Valid as Cottus jaxartensis Berg 1916 -- (Mitrofanov & Dukravec 1989:282 [ref. 37748], Sideleva 2021:255 [ref. 38323], Sideleva & Zhidkov 2021:239 [ref. 38705]). Current status: Valid as Cottus jaxartensis Berg 1916. Cottidae. Distribution: Central Asia: Syr-Darya basin, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

kaganowskii, Cottus Berg [L. S.] 1932:17, Figs. 1-2 [Copeia 1932 (no. 1); ref. 16356] Belaya River to the mouth, Anadyr River system, northeastern Siberia, Russia. Syntypes: ZIN 23140-41 (1, 1), 23805-09 (23, 20, 2, 1, 1). Type catalog: Sideleva & Zhidkov 2021:236 [ref. 38705]. •Valid as Cottus kaganowskii Berg 1932 -- (Berg 1949:1152 [ref. 20662]). •Synonym of Cottus cognatus Richardson 1836 -- (Lee et al. 1980:808 [ref. 22416], Sideleva 1998:151 [ref. 23595], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:27 [ref. 25650], Parin et al. 2002:S73 [ref. 28300], Sideleva & Zhidkov 2021:237 [ref. 38705]). Current status: Synonym of Cottus cognatus Richardson 1836. Cottidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

kanawhae, Cottus Robins [C. R.] 2005:1, Fig. 1 [Zootaxa No. 987; ref. 28230] Creek in Tony's Cave, tributary of Sinking Creek, Giles County, Virginia, U.S.A. Holotype: CUMV 25655. Paratypes: CUMV 12453 (19), 21946 (5), 22085 (2), 22087 (2), 22832 (13), 22833 (31), 22835 (1), 22840 (11), 24397 (1); USNM 162191 (6). Plus non-type material. •Valid as Cottus kanawhae Robins 2005 -- (Scharpf 2008:10 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:470 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:122 [ref. 32708], Goto et al. 2014:[10] [ref. 33456], Page et al. 2023:184 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Cottus kanawhae Robins 2005. Cottidae. Distribution: Eastern North America: New River system, Virginia and West Virginia (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

klamathensis, Cottus Gilbert [C. H.] 1898:10, Fig. [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 17 (art. 1) [1897]; ref. 12349] Upper Klamath Lake near Klamath Falls, Klamath County, Oregon, U.S.A. Holotype: USNM 48226. Paratypes: (20) ANSP 39138 (1), 39143 (1); BMNH 1900.9.29.195-196 (2); ?CAS-SU 6290 (63); ?UMMZ 130637 (19). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:128 [ref. 12291], Böhlke 1984:65 [ref. 13621]. •Valid as Cottus klamathensis subspecies klamathensis Gilbert 1898 -- (Miller & Taylor 1984:938 [ref. 6809], Moyle 2002:356 [ref. 26449]). •Valid as Cottus klamathensis Gilbert 1898 -- (Lee et al. 1980:815 [ref. 22416], Daniels & Moyle 1984:954 [ref. 8977], Page & Burr 1991:253 [ref. 18983], Nelson et al. 2004:119 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2008:10 [ref. 30399] with subspecies, Page & Burr 2011:482 [ref. 31215] with 3 subspecies, Page et al. 2013:122 [ref. 32708], Goto et al. 2014:[9] [ref. 33456], Young et al. 2022:327 [ref. 39356], Page et al. 2023:184 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Cottus klamathensis Gilbert 1898. Cottidae. Distribution: North America: Oregon and California (U.S.A.). Klamath River above Kalamath Falls [subspecies klamathensis]. Habitat: freshwater.

kolymensis, Cottus Sideleva [V. G.] & Goto [A.] 2012:289 [302], figs. 1-2 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 52; ref. 32050] Dukcha River, near the city of Magadan, Russia. Holotype: ZISP 53969. Paratypes: ZISP 10073 (3), 10407 (10), 14300 (2), 24110 (15), 24895 (11), 24896 (1), 24897 (1), 24898 (2), 24899 (1), 24900 (1), 24901 (1), 24902 (1), 54459b (5). •Valid as Cottus kolymensis Sideleva & Goto 2012 -- (Parin et al. 2014:241 [ref. 33547], Parin et al. 2014:243 [ref. 33547], Dyldin et al. 2020:109, 114 [ref. 37569], Radchenko et al. 2023:428 [366] [ref. 40562]). Current status: Valid as Cottus kolymensis Sideleva & Goto 2012. Cottidae. Distribution: Northeast Asia: Kolyma, Dukcha and Magadan River drainages, northern Okhotsk Sea watersheds (Russia). Habitat: freshwater.

koreanus, Cottus Fujii [R.], Choi [Y.] & Yabe [M.] 2005:8, Figs. 1-3 [Species Diversity v. 10 (no. 1); ref. 28191] Stream at Mt. Chiak, Namhan River system, Hackkok-ri, Socho-myon, Wonju-gun, Kangwon-do, Korea. Holotype: HUMZ 155725. Paratypes: CNUC 25009-10 (2); HUMZ 155722 (1), 155726-39 (14), 155764 (1); NSMT-P 60690-91 (2). Plus non-type material. •Valid as Cottus koreanus Fujii, Choi & Yabe 2005 -- (Sideleva & Goto 2009:607 [ref. 30591], Goto et al. 2014:[9] [ref. 33456], Parin et al. 2014:241 [ref. 33547]). Current status: Valid as Cottus koreanus Fujii, Choi & Yabe 2005. Cottidae. Distribution: Korea. Habitat: freshwater.

koshewnikowi, Cottus Gratzianov [V. I.] 1907:658 [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 31 (no. 21/22); ref. 1872] Goredva River, Ligachevo village, Moscow Oblast, Russia. Lectotype: ZMMU P-2688. Paralectotypes: ZMMU P-2001 (4), P-2658 (20), P-2688 (2, now 1), P-3118 (1), P-3121 (3), P-3912 (1). Type catalog: Svetovidova 1978:259 [ref. 9011], Vasil'eva et al. 2001:79-80 [ref. 25714]. Also in Gratsianov 1907:315 [ref. 1871], earliest not researched. Name also seen as Gratsianow. Lectotype designated by Sideleva et al. 2015:33 [ref. 35276]. •Synonym of Cottus gobio Linnaeus 1758, but a valid subspecies koshewnikowi Gratzianov 1907 -- (Berg 1949:1147 [ref. 20662], Lelek 1987:274 [ref. 22962], Mitrofanov & Dukravec 1989:282 [ref. 37748], Reshetnikov et al. 1997:758 [ref. 24702], Sideleva 1998:151 [ref. 23595]). •Synonym of Cottus gobio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Kottelat 1997:169 [ref. 22952], Tsvetkov et al. 2001:121 [ref. 26836]). •Valid as Cottus koshewnikowi Gratzianov 1907 -- (Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:187 [ref. 28183], Freyhof et al. 2005:163 [ref. 28259], Fricke 2007:29 [ref. 30577], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:511 [ref. 29996], Goto et al. 2014:[11] [ref. 33456], Sideleva et al. 2015:429 [ref. 33770], Sideleva et al. 2015:34 [ref. 35276], Pozdeev et al. 2022:4 [ref. 39511], Sideleva et al. 2022:41 [ref. 39468], Sideleva & Shidkov 2024:492 [ref. 41080]). Current status: Valid as Cottus koshewnikowi Gratzianov 1907. Cottidae. Distribution: Eastern Europe: Volga River basin and rivers of the eastern part of the Baltic Sea, Russia. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

kumlieni, Uranidea Hoy [P. R.] in Nelson 1876:41 [Bulletin of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History v. 1 (no. 1); ref. 3154] Deep water in Lake Michigan, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): USNM 30904. Authorship uncertain from text, perhaps Nelson (ex Hoy), with description from one of Hoy's types. •Synonym of Cottus bairdii Girard 1850 -- (Smith 1986:356 [ref. 22186], Scott & Crossman 1998:826 [ref. 24570] as bairdi). •Synonym of Cottus bairdii Girard 1850, but a valid subspecies -- (Kinziger et al. 2000:1007 [ref. 25019] as bairdi, Scharpf 2008:7 [ref. 30399]). Current status: Synonym of Cottus bairdii Girard 1850. Cottidae. Distribution: Canada and northern U.S.A. [this subspecies]. Habitat: freshwater.

leiopomus, Cottus Gilbert [C. H.] & Evermann [B. W.] 1894:203, Pl. 20 (fig. 2) [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 14 (art. 16) (for 1894); ref. 12377] Big [not Little] Wood River, Shoshone, Idaho, U.S.A. Holotype: USNM 45389. Paratypes: BMNH 1897.1.12.15 (1), CAS-SU 1178 [not 1151 as published] (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:128 [ref. 12291]. •Valid as Cottus leiopomus Gilbert & Evermann 1894 -- (Lee et al. 1980:816 [ref. 22416], Page & Burr 1991:252 [ref. 18983], Nelson et al. 2004:119 [ref. 27807], Meyer et al. 2008:648 [ref. 29820], Page & Burr 2011:483 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:122 [ref. 32708], Goto et al. 2014:[10] [ref. 33456], Young et al. 2022:330 [ref. 39356], Page et al. 2023:184 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Cottus leiopomus Gilbert & Evermann 1894. Cottidae. Distribution: North America: Snake River system, Idaho (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

macrops, Cottus Rutter [C. L.] 1908:146, Fig. 4 [Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries v. 27 (Doc. 637) (for 1907); ref. 12415] Fall River at Dana, California, U.S.A. Lectotype: USNM 58499. Paralectotypes: (18) CAS-SU 24186 (4); USNM 88464 (2), 126424 (4), 265225 (13). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:128 [ref. 12291]. Lectotype selected by Daniels & Moyle 1984:951 [ref. 8977]. •Status uncertain -- (Lee et al. 1980:815 [ref. 22416]). •Synonym of Cottus klamathensis Gilbert 1898, but a valid subspecies macrops Rutter 1908 -- (Miller & Taylor 1984:957 [ref. 6809], Moyle 2002:356 [ref. 26449], Scharpf 2008:10 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:483 [ref. 31215]). Current status: Synonym of Cottus klamathensis Gilbert 1898. Cottidae. Distribution: Pit River system, California, U.S.A. [subspecies macrops]. Habitat: freshwater.

macrostomus, Cottus gobio var. Jeitteles [L. H.] 1863:14 [Jahres-Berichte des Olumützer K. K. Gymnasiums für das Schuljahr 1863; ref. 23055] Original not seen. Treated as infrasubspecific by Kottelat 1997:169 [ref. 22952]. Not available; if regarded as available the name is preoccupied by Cottus poecilopus var. macrostomus Jeitteles 1862. From Czech Republic. •In the synonymy of Cottus gobio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Kottelat 1997:169 [ref. 22952], Freyhof et al. 2005:125 [ref. 28259]). Infrasubspecific. Current status: Synonym of Cottus gobio Linnaeus 1758. Cottidae.

marginata, Uranidea Bean [T. H.] 1881:26 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 4 (no. 190); ref. 16046] Tributaries of Walla Walla River, Washington, U.S.A. Syntypes: CAS-SU 1953 (1), USNM 24197 (orig. 9, now 8). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:133 [ref. 12291]. •Valid as Cottus marginatus (Bean 1881) -- (Lee et al. 1980:817 [ref. 22416], Page & Burr 1991:252 [ref. 18983], Wydoski & Whitney 2003:213 [ref. 27816], Nelson et al. 2004:119 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2008:10 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:480 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:122 [ref. 32708], Goto et al. 2014:[9] [ref. 33456], Young et al. 2022:327 [ref. 39356], Page et al. 2023:184 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Cottus marginatus (Bean 1881). Cottidae. Distribution: North America: Washington and Oregon (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

meridionalis, Cottus Girard [C. F.] 1850:410 [Proceedings of AAAS (The American Association for the Advancement of Science) 2nd meeting, 1849; ref. 18123] James River, Virginia, U.S.A. No types known. See also Girard 1850:189 [ref. 1814] and Girard 1851:47, Pl. 1 (figs. 9-10) [ref. 18124]. •Synonym of Cottus cognatus Richardson 1836 -- (Smith 1986:358 [ref. 22186]). Current status: Synonym of Cottus cognatus Richardson 1836. Cottidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

metae, Cottus Freyhof [J.], Kottelat [M.] & Nolte [A.] 2005:156, Figs. 25-26 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 16 (no. 2); ref. 28259] River Iscica at Ig, 45°57.444'N, 14°32.088'E, Slovenia. Holotype: ZMB 33592. Paratypes: CMK 18551 (10), FSJF 1062 (20). •Valid as Cottus metae Freyhof, Kottelat & Nolte 2005 -- (Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:512 [ref. 29996], Goto et al. 2014:[11] [ref. 33456], Sideleva et al. 2015:430 [ref. 33770], Sideleva et al. 2018:9 [ref. 36393], Bravničar et al. 2021: [2] 429 [ref. 38624]). Current status: Valid as Cottus metae Freyhof, Kottelat & Nolte 2005. Cottidae. Distribution: Southeast Europe: Upper Sava drainage, northwest Slovenia to Medveščak Stream at Zagreb, Croatia, Danube basin. Habitat: freshwater.

microcephalus, Cottus gobio var. Kessler [K. F.] 1868:44 [Trudy i Serda Russkich Estestvoispytatelej Prilozenie Suppl.; ref. 23057] Onega District, Russia. No types known. Original not seen. This name is suppressed in favor of koshewnikowi by Freyhof et al. 2005:165 [ref. 28259]; koshewnikowi is in prevailing usage. •Synonym of Cottus poecilopus Heckel 1837 -- (Kottelat 1997:170 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Cottus koshewnikowi Gratzianov 1907 -- (Freyhof et al. 2005:163 [ref. 28259], Sideleva et al. 2015:34 [ref. 35276]). Nomen Oblitum. Current status: Synonym of Cottus koshewnikowi Gratzianov 1907. Cottidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

microstoma, Uranidea Lockington [W. N.] 1880:58 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 3 (no. 121); ref. 17549] St. Paul, Kodiak Island, Alaska, U.S.A. Lectotype: ?USNM 26992. Paralectotypes: (2). Additional material: specimens from Aleutian Is. mentioned in passing. Lectotype established (as figured specimen) in caption to Pl. 293, p. 3292 under Cottus aleuticus in Jordan & Evermann 1900 [ref. 2446] if figured specimen is identifiable. Subjectively invalid; secondarily preoccupied in Cottus by Cottus microstomus Heckel 1837; replaced by Cottus philoniips Eigenmann & Eigenmann Lectotype established (as figured specimen) in caption to Pl. 293, p. 3292 under Cottus aleuticus in Jordan & Evermann 1900 [ref. 2446] if figured specimen is identifiable. Secondarily preoccupied in Cottus by Cottus microstomus Heckel 1837; replaced by Cottus philoniips Eigenmann & Eigenmann 1892. •Synonym of Cottus aleuticus Gilbert 1896 -- (Scott & Crossman 1998:822 [ref. 24570], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:470 [ref. 25968]). 2°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Cottus aleuticus Gilbert 1896. Cottidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

microstomus, Cottus Heckel [J. J.] 1837:147, Pl. 8 (figs. 3-4) [Annalen des Wiener Museums der Naturgeschichte v. 2 (no. 1) (for 1840); ref. 2079] Vicinity of Krakow, Poland. Holotype (unique): NMW 98212. •Synonym of Cottus gobio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Berg 1949:1145 [ref. 20662], Neelov 1973:593 [ref. 7219], Kottelat 1997:169 [ref. 22952], Sideleva 1998:151 [ref. 23595]). •Valid as Cottus microstomus Heckel 1837 (often dated 1839 or 1840) -- (Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:187 [ref. 28183], Freyhof et al. 2005:160 [ref. 28259], Sideleva 2009:211 [ref. 30173], Goto et al. 2014:[11] [ref. 33456], Sideleva et al. 2018:3 [ref. 36393], Sideleva et al. 2022:54 [ref. 39468], Sideleva & Shidkov 2024:492 [ref. 41080]). Current status: Valid as Cottus microstomus Heckel 1837. Cottidae. Distribution: Eastern Europe: Black Sea basin (Dniestr River system) and southern Baltic basin (Vistula River and Neman/Nemunas River basins): Poland and Lithuania. Habitat: freshwater.

milvensis, Cottus gobio Soldatov [V. K.] 1924:57 [Trudy Severnoi naucho-promyslovoi ekspeditsii / Vysshii sovet narodnogo khoziaistv = Transactions of the Northern scientific and economic expedition 1924; ref. 23056] Pechora River, near confluence with Mylva River, Russia. No types known. The species was spelled milvensis and milviensis by Soldatov; Freyhof et al. 2005:166 [ref. 28259] serve as first revisers selecting milvensis. •Synonym of Cottus gobio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Kottelat 1997:169 [ref. 22952] as molvensis). •Synonym of Cottus koshewnikowi Gratzianov 1907 -- (Freyhof et al. 2005:163 [ref. 28259] as milvensis, Sideleva et al. 2015:34 [ref. 35276]). Current status: Synonym of Cottus koshewnikowi Gratzianov 1907. Cottidae. Habitat: freshwater.

nasalis, Cottus Berg [L. S.] 1933:701, Figs. 671-673 [Les poissons des eaux douces de l'U.R.S.S. Part 2; ref. 279] Fergana, upper Syr-Darya River, Turkestan. Holotype (unique): ZIN 20741. Type catalog: Sideleva & Zhidkov 2021:238 [ref. 38705]. •Valid as Cottus nasalis Berg 1933 -- (Berg 1949:1150 [ref. 20662], Goto et al. 2014:[11] [ref. 33456]). •Synonym of Cottus jaxartensis Berg 1916 -- (Sideleva 2021:259 [ref. 38323], Sideleva & Zhidkov 2021:238 [ref. 38705]). Current status: Synonym of Cottus jaxartensis Berg 1916. Cottidae. Habitat: freshwater.

nozawae, Cottus Snyder [J. O.] 1911:537 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 40 (no. 1836); ref. 4152] Ishikari River at Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan. Holotype: USNM 68237. Paratypes: CAS-SU 21425 (2); USNM 74550 (1), 74590 (2). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:128 [ref. 12291]. The name nozawae is the correct original spelling and should not be emended (not excluded by Art. 32); the spelling nozawai has not been established as prevailing usage, so the spelling nozawae is continued. •Synonym of Cottus amblystomopsis Schmidt 1904 -- (Berg 1949:1142 [ref. 20662]). •Synonym of Cottus pollux Günther 1873 -- (Watanabe 1960:119 [ref. 11959], Okada 1961:693 [ref. 6363], Zhang et al. 2016:193 [ref. 34477]). •Valid as Cottus nozawae Snyder 1911 -- (Yabe in Masuda et al. 1984:326 [ref. 6441], Andoh & Goto 1988:176 [ref. 22495], Kawanabe & Mizuno 1989:662 [ref. 25598], Okumura et al. 1996 [ref. 22114], Nakabo 2000:638 [ref. 25086], Goto et al. 2001:69 [ref. 25596], Pietsch et al. 2001:144 [ref. 25688], Bogutskaya et al. 2001:46 [ref. 26178], Yokoyama & Goto 2002:147 [ref. 26160], Nakabo 2002:638 [ref. 26001], Goto et al. 2002:322 [ref. 26495], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:187 [ref. 28183], Fujii et al. 2005:12 [ref. 28191], Goto et al. 2014:[9] [ref. 33456], Dyldin & Orlov 2017:63 [ref. 35138], Dyldin et al. 2021:62 [ref. 38804] with question, Dyldin & Orlov 2022:42 [ref. 38972] with question). Current status: Valid as Cottus nozawae Snyder 1911. Cottidae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific: Japan and Korea. Habitat: freshwater.

nudus, Cottus Sideleva [V. G.] 2021:259, Figs. 7-9 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 61 (no. 3); ref. 38323] Mashat River near Kershetas, tributary of the Arys River, Syr-Darya basin, Kazakhstan. Holotype: ZIN 56577. Preoccupied by Cottus kessleri nudus Dybowski 1908, permanently invalid. •Not valid as Cottus nudus Sideleva 2021. 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Cottus. Cottidae. Habitat: freshwater.

ohlone, Cottus Moyle [P. B.] & Campbell [M. A.] 2022:518, Fig. 1C [Zootaxa 5154 (no. 5); ref. 39359] Guadalupe Creek, Santa Clara County, California, U.S.A. Holotype: WFB 3402. Paratypes: WFB 3403-3406 (4). •Valid as Cottus ohlone Moyle & Campbell 2022 -- (Page et al. 2023:184 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Cottus ohlone Moyle & Campbell 2022. Cottidae. Distribution: North America: drainages flowing west or southwest along the Coast Range Mountains of California (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

ohmiensis, Cottus Watanabe [M.] 1960:123, Fig. 45, Pl. 30 (fig. 2) [Fauna Japonica: Cottidae (Pisces); ref. 11959] Chinai River, Takashima-gun, and Ado River, Takashima-gun, Shiga Prefecture; and Tama River, Nishitama-gun, Tôkyô-to, Japan. Syntypes: (46). Cottidae. Habitat: freshwater.

onychus, Cottus Eigenmann [C. H.] & Eigenmann [R. S.] 1892:963 [American Naturalist v. 26 (no. 311); ref. 12339] Bow River at Calgary, tributary of South Saskatchewan, Alberta, Canada. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1892.12.30.234. •Synonym of Cottus ricei (Nelson 1876) -- (Scott & Crossman 1998:842 [ref. 24570]). Current status: Synonym of Cottus ricei (Nelson 1876). Cottidae. Habitat: freshwater.

paltschevskii, Cottus (Pegedictis) Schmidt [P. Yu.] 1916:614, Fig. 2 [Ezhegodnik, Zoologicheskago Muzeya Imperatorskoi Akademii Nauk v. 20 (for 1915); ref. 3935] Sakhabe River, tributary to Ternay Bay, Tatar Strait, Russia. Syntypes: ZIN 18959 (3). Original spelling should be studied. •Synonym of Cottus czerskii Berg 1913 -- (Berg 1949:1140 [ref. 20662], Sideleva 1998:151 [ref. 23595], Parin et al. 2002:S73 [ref. 28300] as palischevskii, Parin et al. 2014:242 [ref. 33547]). Current status: Synonym of Cottus czerskii Berg 1913. Cottidae. Habitat: freshwater.

parvus, Cottopsis Girard [C. F.] 1854:144 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 7; ref. 5769] Presidio, San Francisco, California, U.S.A. Syntypes: USNM 294 (2, not found in 1980). •Synonym of Cottus asper Richardson 1836 -- (Scott & Crossman 1998:825 [ref. 24570]). Current status: Synonym of Cottus asper Richardson 1836. Cottidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

paulus, Cottus Williams [J. D.] 2000:302 [Copeia 2000 (no. 1); ref. 24258] Coldwater Spring, 5.7 miles west of Oxford about 500 yards north of U.S. highway 78, tributary of Coosa River, Calhoun County, Alabama, U.S.A. Holotype: UMMZ 187462. Paratypes: ALA 2031 (12), 1138 (39), 1665 (68); CUMV 52064 [ex ALA 1063] (26); TU 34396 (47); UMMZ 187463 (25); USNM 201404 [ex ALA 1063] (26). Replacement name for Cottus pygmaeus Williams 1968, preoccupied by Cottus quadricornis pygmaeus Lönnberg 1932. •Valid as Cottus paulus Williams 2000 -- (Kinziger et al. 2000:1007 [ref. 25019], Nelson et al. 2004:119 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:424 [ref. 27995], Neely et al. 2007:651 [ref. 29262], Scharpf 2008:11 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:476 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:122 [ref. 32708], Goto et al. 2014:[10] [ref. 33456], Bagley et al. 2023:320 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:184 [ref. 40505]). Replacement Name. Current status: Valid as Cottus paulus Williams 2000. Cottidae. Distribution: North America: Coldwater Spring, Coosa River system, Alabama (U.S.A.) endemic. IUCN (2013): Critically Endangered. Habitat: freshwater.

pellegrini, Cottus gobio Băcescu [M. C.] & Băcescu-Meşter [L.] 1964:442 [Vie et Milieu Suppl. No. 17; ref. 1238] Carpathes range in Ukraine, Danube basin, Teresva, Ukraine. Lectotype: MNHN. Syntypes: CUP; MNHN 1930-0220 to 0223 (4, niow 3); many at NMP. Type catalog: Mlíkovský et al. 2011:154 [ref. 33498]. Lectotype apparently designated by Freyhof et al. 2005. Available as a subspecies by indication to infrasubspecific treatment by Vladykov 1931. •Synonym of Cottus gobio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Kottelat 1997:169 [ref. 22952], Freyhof et al. 2005:125 [ref. 28259]). Current status: Synonym of Cottus gobio Linnaeus 1758. Cottidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

pellegrini, Cottus gobio natio Vladykov [V. D.] 1931:353, Fig. 28 [Mémoires de la Société Zoologique de France v. 29 (no. 4); ref. 16343] Type catalog: Blanc & Hureau 1968:51 [ref. 20738] with MNHN 1930-220 to 223 (4) as syntypes; Sanda et al. 2010:30 [ref. 31086] with paralectotypes and a lectotype designated by Freyhof et al. 2005 [MNHN 1930-222].. Not available, infrasubspecific; from Tisza basin, Ukraine. Validly published by Bacescu & Nacescu-Mester 1964. •In the synonymy of Cottus gobio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Berg 1949:1331 [ref. 20662]). Infrasubspecific. Current status: Synonym of Cottus gobio Linnaeus 1758. Cottidae.

perifretum, Cottus Freyhof [J.], Kottelat [M.] & Nolte [A.] 2005:144, Figs. 18-20 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 16 (no. 2); ref. 28259] Stream Zwaanebeek, 51°14'44N, 4°34'58'E, Province Flandern, Belgium. Holotype: ZMB 33588. Paratypes: FSJF 1383 (15). Plus non-type material. Previously misspelled perifrenatum. •Valid as Cottus perifretum Freyhof, Kottelat & Nolte 2005 -- (Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:513 [ref. 29996], Sideleva 2009:210 [ref. 30173], Goto et al. 2014:[11] [ref. 33456], Sideleva et al. 2015:33 [ref. 35276], Sideleva et al. 2018:9 [ref. 36393], Bravničar et al. 2021: [2] 429 [ref. 38624]). Current status: Valid as Cottus perifretum Freyhof, Kottelat & Nolte 2005. Cottidae. Distribution: Northern Europe. Habitat: freshwater.

perplexus, Cottus Gilbert [C. H.] & Evermann [B. W.] 1894:202, Pl. 20 (fig. 1) [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 14 (art. 16) (for 1894); ref. 12377] Shookumchuck River, near Chehalis, Washington, U.S.A. Holotype: USNM 45387. Paratypes: (12) BMNH 1897.1.12.13 (1), 1900.9.29.197 (1); CAS-SU 1324 (17), ?1343 (missing, wrong no.); NMW 11458 (1); USNM 45388 (24). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:128 [ref. 12291]. •Valid as Cottus perplexus Gilbert & Evermann 1894 -- (Lee et al. 1980:818 [ref. 22416], Page & Burr 1991:253 [ref. 18983], Moyle 2002:354 [ref. 26449], Wydoski & Whitney 2003:212 [ref. 27816], Nelson et al. 2004:119 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2008:11 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:481 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:122 [ref. 32708], Goto et al. 2014:[9] [ref. 33456], Moyle & Campbell 2022:510 [ref. 39359], Page et al. 2023:184 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Cottus perplexus Gilbert & Evermann 1894. Cottidae. Distribution: Western North America: Washington and Oregon (northwestern U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

petiti, Cottus Băcescu [M. C.] & Băcescu-Meşter [L.] 1964:432, Figs. 1-4; Pls. 1-2 [Vie et Milieu Suppl. No. 17; ref. 1238] Sources of river Lez, France. Holotype: MGAB 50. Paratypes: ?BMNH 1964.12.23.10 [from Bacescu] (1); MGAB 51 (1) + uncat. (15). See Lelek 1987:274 [ref. 22962]. •Valid as Cottus petiti Băcescu & Băcescu-Meşter -- (Kottelat 1997:170 [ref. 22952], Freyhof et al. 2005:142 [ref. 28259], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:515 [ref. 29996], Sideleva 2009:211 [ref. 30173], Goto et al. 2014:[11] [ref. 33456], Sideleva et al. 2015:33 [ref. 35276], Sideleva et al. 2018:9 [ref. 36393]). Current status: Valid as Cottus petiti Băcescu & Băcescu-Meşter 1964. Cottidae. Distribution: Western Europe: France. Habitat: freshwater.

philonips, Cottus Eigenmann [C. H.] & Eigenmann [R. S.] 1892:963 [American Naturalist v. 26 (no. 311); ref. 12339] Kicking Horse River, Field, British Columbia, Canada. Syntypes: BMNH 1892.12.30.235-244 (10), 1892.12.20.245 (1); CAS-SU 527 (1); USNM 125483 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:128 [ref. 12291]. Text somewhat unclear; tentatively proposed for specimens that "are probably to be referred to the description quoted above"; quoted above are Cottus minutus Pallas and Uranidea microstomus Lockington 1880 (the latter noted as preoccupied in Cottus by Cottus microstomus Heckel 1837). We regard as an independent proposal of a new name (not a replacement name); however, Hubbs & Schultz 1932 state, "..we rule as first revisers that Cottus philonips was proposed as a substitute name for Cottus minutus Pallas and not for Uranidea microstoma Lockington." Under the circumstances, action of a first reviser is probably inappropriate; minutus was not in fact preoccupied. •Synonym of Cottus cognatus Richardson 1836 -- (Lee et al. 1980:808 [ref. 22416], Scott & Crossman 1998:835 [ref. 24570]). •Valid as Cottus philonips Eigenmann & Eigenmann 1892 -- (Young et al. 2022:329 [ref. 39356]). Current status: Valid as Cottus philonips Eigenmann & Eigenmann 1892. Cottidae. Distribution: North America: Alaska (U.S.A.); Rocky Mountains in southwestern Canada and northwestern U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

pitensis, Cottus Bailey [R. M.] & Bond [C. E.] 1963:20, Figs. 1d, 3b, 4d [Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology University of Michigan No. 634; ref. 3934] North Fork of Pit River, east of Alturas, Modoc County, California, U.S.A. Holotype: UMMZ 130558. Paratypes: UMMZ 130559 (6). Additional material at CAS 25963 (37), OSU, and UMMZ [ex CAS 25963] (4). •Valid as Cottus pitensis Bailey & Bond 1963 -- (Lee et al. 1980:819 [ref. 22416], Page & Burr 1991:253 [ref. 18983], Moyle 2002:353 [ref. 26449], Nelson et al. 2004:119 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2008:11 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:482 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:122 [ref. 32708], Goto et al. 2014:[10] [ref. 33456], Young et al. 2022:327 [ref. 39356], Moyle & Campbell 2022:517 [ref. 39359], Page et al. 2023:184 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Cottus pitensis Bailey & Bond 1963. Cottidae. Distribution: North America: Pit River watershed, southeastern Oregon and northeastern California (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

pollicaris, Uranidea Jordan [D. S.] & Gilbert [C. H.] 1882:222 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 5 (no. 277); ref. 18349] Lake Michigan off Racine, Wisconsin, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): USNM 29663. •Synonym of Cottus ricei (Nelson 1876) -- (Scott & Crossman 1998:842 [ref. 24570]). Current status: Synonym of Cottus ricei (Nelson 1876). Cottidae. Habitat: freshwater.

pollux, Cottus Günther [A.] 1873:240 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 4) v. 12 (no. 69) (art. 31); ref. 2004] River at Otarranai, Japan. Syntypes: BMNH 1873.4.30.1-2 (2). See also Nakabo 2002:1525 [ref. 26001]. •Valid as Cottus pollux Günther 1873 -- (Kuroda 1953:277 [ref. 39545], Watanabe 1960:119 [ref. 11959], Okada 1961:693 [ref. 6363], Yabe in Masuda et al. 1984:326 [ref. 6441], Kawanabe & Mizuno 1989:666 [ref. 25598], Zhu 1995:189 [ref. 25213], Nakabo 2000:638 [ref. 25086], Matsuura et al. 2000:207 [ref. 26000], Nakabo 2002:638 [ref. 26001], Goto et al. 2002:318 [ref. 26495], Hagiwara 2003:37 [ref. 27188], Fujii et al. 2005:12 [ref. 28191], Goto et al. 2014:[9] [ref. 33456], Zhang et al. 2016:193 [ref. 34477]). Current status: Valid as Cottus pollux Günther 1873. Cottidae. Distribution: East Asia: Japan and ?China. Habitat: freshwater.

polyporus, Cottus klamathensis Daniels [R. A.] & Moyle [P. B.] 1984:958 [Copeia 1984 (no. 4); ref. 8977] Klamath River, Siskiyou County, California, U.S.A. Holotype: NYSM 11451. Paratypes: NYSM 11452 (1). Based on 40 specimens; holotype and 1 paratype listed on p. 951; additional specimens are therefore regarded as additional non-type material. •Synonym of Cottus klamathensis Gilbert 1898, but a valid subspecies polyporus Daniels & Moyle as described -- (Moyle 2002:356 [ref. 26449], Scharpf 2008:10 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:483 [ref. 31215]). Current status: Synonym of Cottus klamathensis Gilbert 1898. Cottidae. Distribution: Klamath River and tributaries, Oregon and California, U.S.A. [subspecies polyporus]. Habitat: freshwater.

pomo, Cottus ohlone Moyle [P. B.] & Campbell [M. A.] 2022:519, Fig. 1D [Zootaxa 5154 (no. 5); ref. 39359] Pieta Creek, upstream of mouth on Russian River, Mendocino County, California, U.S.A., 38.925278N, 123.054500W. Holotype: WFB 3396. Paratypes: WFB 3397-3400 (4). •Synonym of Cottus ohlone Moyle & Campbell 2022, but a valid subspecies as described. Current status: Synonym of Cottus ohlone Moyle & Campbell 2022. Cottidae. Distribution: North America: upper Russian River drainage and tributaries to northern San Francisco Bay, California (U.S.A.) [this subspecies]. Habitat: freshwater.

princeps, Cottus Gilbert [C. H.] 1898:12, Fig. [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 17 (art. 1) [1897]; ref. 12349] Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, U.S.A. Holotype: USNM 48227. Paratypes: (numerous). •Valid as Cottus princeps Gilbert 1898 -- (Lee et al. 1980:820 [ref. 22416], Page & Burr 1991:248 [ref. 18983], Nelson et al. 2004:119 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2008:11 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:472 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:122 [ref. 32708], Goto et al. 2014:[10] [ref. 33456], Young et al. 2022:327 [ref. 39356], Page et al. 2023:184 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Cottus princeps Gilbert 1898. Cottidae. Distribution: North America: Oregon (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

protrusus, Cottus Schultz [L. P.] & Spoor [W. A.] 1933:142 [Copeia 1933 (no. 3); ref. 16522] Small lake on Unalaska Island, about 400 feet above Makushin Bay, Aleutian Islands. Holotype: USNM 104496 [ex UW 2334]. Paratypes: (5) UMMZ 64234 (1). •Synonym of Cottus aleuticus Gilbert 1896 -- (Lee et al. 1980:801 [ref. 22416], Scott & Crossman 1998:820 [ref. 24570], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:470 [ref. 25968]). Current status: Synonym of Cottus aleuticus Gilbert 1896. Cottidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

punctulatus, Potamocottus Gill [T. N.] 1861:40 [Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History v. 8 (1861-1862); ref. 1785] Bridger Pass, Wyoming, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): ?USNM 3251 (not found in 1980). •Synonym of Cottus bairdii Girard 1850 -- (Baxter & Stone 1995:221 [ref. 23374]). •Synonym of Cottus bairdii Girard 1850, but a valid subspecies punctulatus (Gill 1861) -- (Scharpf 2008:8 [ref. 30399]). •Valid as Cottus punctulatus (Gill 1861) -- (Young et al. 2022:335 [ref. 39356]). Current status: Valid as Cottus punctulatus (Gill 1861). Cottidae. Distribution: North America: Colorado, Utah, Wyoming and New Mexico (western U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

pygmaeus, Cottus Williams [J. D.] 1968:334, Fig. 1 [Copeia 1968 (no. 2); ref. 7934] Spring, 5.7 miles west of Oxford about 500 yards north of U.S. highway 78, tributary of Coosa River, Calhoun County, Alabama, U.S.A. Holotype: UMMZ 187462. Paratypes: ALA 2031 (12), 1138 (39), 1665 (68); CUMB 52064 [ex ALA 1063] (26); TU 34396 (47); UMMZ 187463 (25); USNM 201404 [ex ALA 1063] (26). Type catalog: Suttkus 1970:128 [ref. 20861], Bart & Taylor 1993:67 [ref. 20906]. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Cottus quadricornis pygmaeus Lönnberg 1932; replaced by Cottus paulus Williams 2000. •Treated as valid as Cottus pygmaeus Williams 1968 -- (Lee et al. 1980:821 [ref. 22416], Page & Burr 1991:252 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:102 [ref. 23239], Mettee et al. 1996:495 [ref. 25836]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Cottus paulus Williams 2000. Cottidae. Habitat: freshwater.

quiescens, Uranidea DeKay [J. E.] 1842:61, Pl. 5 (fig. 14) [Zoology of New-York; ref. 1098] Round Lake and Lake Pleasant, New York, U.S.A. Syntypes: New York State coll. (whereabouts unknown). •Synonym of Cottus cognatus Richardson 1836 -- (Smith 1986:358 [ref. 22186], Scott & Crossman 1998:835 [ref. 24570]). Current status: Synonym of Cottus cognatus Richardson 1836. Cottidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

reinii, Cottus Hilgendorf [F. M.] 1879:105 [Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin 1879; ref. 21467] Hakodate and southern Nippon, Japan. Syntypes: ZMB 10627 (1) s. Nippon, 10629 (3) Hakodate. Type catalog: Paepke & Fricke 1992:283 [ref. 19946]. See also Nakabo 2002:1525 [ref. 26001]. •Valid as Cottus reinii Hilgendorf 1879 -- (Okada 1961:706 [ref. 6363], Yabe in Masuda et al. 1984:326 [ref. 6441], Kawanabe & Mizuno 1989:668 [ref. 25598], Nakabo 2000:638 [ref. 25086], Matsuura et al. 2000:210 [ref. 26000], Nakabo 2002:638 [ref. 26001], Hagiwara 2003:37 [ref. 27188], Fujii et al. 2005:12 [ref. 28191], Goto et al. 2014:[9] [ref. 33456]). Current status: Valid as Cottus reinii Hilgendorf 1879. Cottidae. Distribution: Western North Pacific. Habitat: freshwater.

rhenanus, Cottus Freyhof [J.], Kottelat [M.] & Nolte [A.] 2005:148, Figs. 21-22 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 16 (no. 2); ref. 28259] Upper reaches of stream Wahnbach at Neunkirchen, 50°51'N, 7°20'E, Germany. Holotype: ZMB 33589. Paratypes: CMK 17844 (20), FSFJ 503 (40), ZMB 33590 (20). Plus non-type material. •Valid as Cottus rhenanus Freyhof, Kottelat & Nolte 2005 -- (Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:516 [ref. 29996], Goto et al. 2014:[11] [ref. 33456], Sideleva et al. 2015:33 [ref. 35276], Sideleva et al. 2018:9 [ref. 36393]). Current status: Valid as Cottus rhenanus Freyhof, Kottelat & Nolte 2005. Cottidae. Distribution: Europe. Habitat: freshwater.

rhothea, Uranidea Smith [R.] 1882:347 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 5 (no. 286); ref. 18726] Falls of Spokane River, Washington, U.S.A. Syntypes: USNM 30737 (2), plus 2 more. •Valid as Cottus rhotheus (Smith 1882) -- (Lee et al. 1980:822 [ref. 22416], McAllister 1990:197 [ref. 14674], Page & Burr 1991:245 [ref. 18983], Scott & Crossman 1998:837 [ref. 24570], Wydoski & Whitney 2003:214 [ref. 27816], Nelson et al. 2004:119 [ref. 27807], McPhail 2007:481 [ref. 31199], Scharpf 2008:11 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:469 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:122 [ref. 32708], LeMone et al. 2014:249 [ref. 33134], Goto et al. 2014:[10] [ref. 33456], Young et al. 2022:334 [ref. 39356], Page et al. 2023:184 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Cottus rhotheus (Smith 1882). Cottidae. Distribution: North America: Washington, Idaho and Montana (southwestern Canada and northwestern U.S.A.) Habitat: freshwater.

ricei, Cottopsis Nelson [E. W.] 1876:40 [Bulletin of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History v. 1 (no. 1); ref. 3154] Lake Michigan near Evanston, Cook County, Illinois, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown, not at INHS. Type catalog: Sabaj et al. 1997:291 [ref. 23225]. •Valid as Cottus ricei (Nelson 1876) -- (Lee et al. 1980:823 [ref. 22416], Smith 1986:358 [ref. 22186], McAllister 1990:197 [ref. 14674], Page & Burr 1991:245 [ref. 18983], Chereshnev 1996:606 [ref. 24659], Scott & Crossman 1998:839 [ref. 24570], Lyons et al. 2000:42 [ref. 26594], Bailey et al. 2004:172 [ref. 27882], Nelson et al. 2004:119 [ref. 27807], McPhail 2007:486 [ref. 31199], Scharpf 2008:11 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:468 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:122 [ref. 32708], Goto et al. 2014:[10] [ref. 33456], Young et al. 2022:329 [ref. 39356], Page et al. 2023:184 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Cottus ricei (Nelson 1876). Cottidae. Distribution: North America: Canada and northern U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater.

richardsoni, Cottus Agassiz [L.] 1850:300 [Lake Superior; ref. 66] Montreal River, North America. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Cottus bairdii Girard 1850 -- (Scott & Crossman 1998:830 [ref. 24570] as bairdi). Current status: Synonym of Cottus bairdii Girard 1850. Cottidae. Habitat: freshwater.

richardsonii, Trachidermus Heckel [J. J.] 1837:162 [Annalen des Wiener Museums der Naturgeschichte v. 2 (no. 1) (for 1840); ref. 2079] Columbia River at Fort Vancouver, Vancouver, southern Washington, U.S.A. Unneeded new name for Cottus asper Richardson. •Synonym of Cottus asper Richardson 1836 -- (Scott & Crossman 1998:825 [ref. 24570]). Current status: Synonym of Cottus asper Richardson 1836. Cottidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

rondeleti, Cottus Freyhof [J.], Kottelat [M.] & Nolte [A.] 2005:140, Fig. 15 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 16 (no. 2); ref. 28259] 1 kilometer south of Brissac, 3 kilometers southwest of St. Bauzille-de-Putois, 43°39'N, 3°15'E, creek tributary of Hérault River, Dept. Hérault, France. Holotype: MNHN 2005-0757. Paratypes: CMK 13008 (8), 18516 (3), 18518 (2); FSJF 1655 (2); MNHN 2005-0758 (4). •Valid as Cottus rondeleti Freyhof, Kottelat & Nolte 2005 -- (Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:517 [ref. 29996], Goto et al. 2014:[11] [ref. 33456]). Current status: Valid as Cottus rondeleti Freyhof, Kottelat & Nolte 2005. Cottidae. Distribution: Hérrault drainage, France. Habitat: freshwater.

roseus, Cottus gobio var. Odenwall [E.] 1927:56 [Memoranda Societatis pro Fauna et Flora Fennica v. 2; ref. 15808] Lappajärvi Sjö, Finland. Syntypes: Zool. Mus. Helsinki. •Synonym of Cottus gobio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Berg 1949:1145 [ref. 20662]). Current status: Synonym of Cottus gobio Linnaeus 1758. Cottidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

sabaudicus, Cottus Sideleva [V. G.] 2009:211, Figs. 2-3 [Journal of Ichthyology v. 49 (no. 3); ref. 30173] Filiere River, upper reaches of the Rhone River, Savoy Alps, Haute-Savoy district, southeastern France. Holotype: MNHN 1960-0373. Paratypes: MNHN 1960-0374 (1), 1960-0375 (1). •Valid as Cottus sabaudicus Sideleva 2009 -- (Goto et al. 2014:[11] [ref. 33456], Sideleva et al. 2015:33 [ref. 35276], Sideleva et al. 2018:9 [ref. 36393]). Current status: Valid as Cottus sabaudicus Sideleva 2009. Cottidae. Distribution: Tributaries of the upper course of the Rhone River, France. Habitat: freshwater.

scaturigo, Cottus Freyhof [J.], Kottelat [M.] & Nolte [A.] 2005:152, Figs. 23-24 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 16 (no. 2); ref. 28259] Timavo spring, southwest of Monfalcone, 45°47.24'N, 13°35.29"E, Province Friuli-Venezia, Italy. Holotype: ZMB 33591. Paratypes: FSJF 181 (12), 219 (10), 1020 (5); CMK 18550 (5). •Synonym of Cottus gobio (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Bianco & Delmastro 2011:6 [ref. 31648] as scaturigio, Bianco 2013:10 [ref. 32897]). •Valid as Cottus scaturigo Freyhof, Kottelat & Nolte 2005 -- (Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:517 [ref. 29996], Sideleva 2009:211 [ref. 30173], Goto et al. 2014:[11] [ref. 33456], Lorenzoni et al. 2019:253 [ref. 37108]). •Synonym of Cottus metae Freyhof, Kottelat & Nolte 2005 -- (Bravničar et al. 2021: [12] 439 [ref. 38624]). Current status: Synonym of Cottus metae Freyhof, Kottelat & Nolte 2005. Cottidae. Distribution: Southern Europe: northeastern Italy and Croatia [if valid]. Habitat: freshwater.

schitsuumsh, Cottus LeMoine [M.], Young [M. K.], McKelvey [K. S.], Eby [L.], Pilgrim [K. L.] & Schwartz [M. K.] 2014:244, Figs. 4-7 [Zootaxa 3755 (no. 3); ref. 33134] East Fork Steamboat Creek, a tributary of the Coeur d'Alene River at West Fork Road, 47.71821°N, 116.20010°W, Shoshone County, Idaho. Holotype: UW 151670. Paratypes: UW 151671 (3). Plus additional non-type specimens. •Valid as Cottus schitsuumsh LeMoine, Young, McKelvey, Eby, Pilgrim & Schwartz 2014 -- (Young et al. 2022:337 [ref. 39356], Page et al. 2023:184 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Cottus schitsuumsh LeMoine, Young, McKelvey, Eby, Pilgrim & Schwartz 2014. Cottidae. Distribution: North America: Idaho and Montana (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

semiscaber, Cottopsis Cope [E. D.] 1872:476 [U. S. Geological Survey Territitories Annual Report v. 5 (pt 4); ref. 923] Fort Hall, Idaho, U.S.A. Syntypes: (3) whereabouts unknown. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:66 [ref. 13621] as none at ANSP. •Synonym of Cottus bairdii Girard 1850, but a valid subspecies -- (La Rivers 1994:586 [ref. 23389] as bairdi, Scharpf 2008:8 [ref. 30399]). •Valid as Cottus semiscaber (Cope 1872) -- (Young et al. 2022:335 [ref. 39356]). Current status: Valid as Cottus semiscaber (Cope 1872). Cottidae. Distribution: North America: Bonneville Basin and upper Snake River (Utah, Nevada and Idaho/U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

shasta, Cottus Jordan [D. S.] & Starks [E. C.] in Jordan 1896:224 [Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (Series 2) v. 6; ref. 2395] McCloud River at Baird, Shasta County, California, U.S.A. Syntypes: BMNH 1897.1.12.14 (1), CAS-SU 4196 (4, now 3). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:128 [ref. 12291]. •Synonym of Cottus gulosus (Girard 1854) -- (Lee et al. 1980:814 [ref. 22416]). Current status: Synonym of Cottus gulosus (Girard 1854). Cottidae. Habitat: freshwater.

sibiricus, Cottus Warpachowski [N. A.] 1889:12 [Zapiski Imperatorskoi Akademii Nauk, Sankt Petersburg 1889; ref. 19906] Yenisei [Enisei] River near Minusinsk Town. Lectotype: ZIN 6328. Paralectotypes: ZIN 6208 (1), 6330 (1), ZIN 56235 (1). Lectotype designated by Sideleva 2017:828 [ref. 35715]. •Valid as Cottus sibiricus Warpachowski 1889 (author sometimes seen as Kessler) -- (Berg 1949:1148 [ref. 20662], Sideleva 1982:81 [ref. 14469], Mitrofanov & Dukravec 1989:282 [ref. 37748], Chereshnev 1996:606 [ref. 24659], Reshetnikov et al. 1997:759 [ref. 24702], Sideleva 1998:152 [ref. 23595], Bogutskaya et al. 2001:46 [ref. 26178], Parin et al. 2002:S73 [ref. 28300], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:188 [ref. 28183], Ocock et al. 2006:57 [ref. 28933], Kottelat 2006:91 [ref. 28831], Shedko & Miroshnichenko 2007:24 [ref. 29369], Bogdanov & Knizhin 2007:271 [ref. 31009], Goto et al. 2014:[10] [ref. 33456], Parin et al. 2014:244 [ref. 33547], Romanov et al. 2017:826 [ref. 35687], Sideleva 2017:828 [ref. 35715], Bogdanov 2023:73 [ref. 40329]). Current status: Valid as Cottus sibiricus Warpachowski 1889. Cottidae. Distribution: Northern Asia: Irtysh to the Yana River basins, Russia and Mongolia. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

specus, Cottus Adams [G. L.] & Burr [B. M.] in Adams, Burr, Day & Starkey 2013:488, Figs. 4-5 [Zootaxa 3609 (no. 5); ref. 32429] Mystery Cave, Perry County, Missouri. Holotype: SIUC 88001. Paratypes: SIUC 88002 (2), USNM 409781 (2). Plus additional non-type material. •Valid as Cottus specus Adams & Burr 2013 -- (Page et al. 2023:184 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Cottus specus Adams & Burr 2013. Cottidae. Distribution: North America: southeastern Missouri (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

spilota, Uranidea Cope [E. D.] 1865:82 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 17; ref. 907] Grand Rapids, on the Grand River, Michigan, U.S.A. Lectotype: ANSP 11061 (missing). Paralectotypes: ANSP 11062 (1, missing), ?UMMZ 213813 (9). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:66 [ref. 13621] as holotype and paratypes; lectotype established by Fowler 1918:51, Pl. 13 [ref. 11665]. •Synonym of Cottus bairdii Girard 1850. Current status: Synonym of Cottus bairdii Girard 1850. Cottidae. Habitat: freshwater.

spinulosus, Cottus Kessler [K. F.] 1872:47 [3], Pl. 6 (figs. 1-2) [Izvestiia Imperatorskago Obschchestva Liubitelei Estestvozaniia, Antropologii i Etnografii v. 10 (no. 1); ref. 14134] Khodzhent [Leninabad], Syr Dayra River, Tajikistan. Non-types: ZIN 7870 (2, lost). On p. 3 of separate. •Valid as Cottus spinulosus Kessler 1872 -- (Berg 1949:1150 [ref. 20662], Goto et al. 2014:[11] [ref. 33456], Sideleva 2021:252 [ref. 38323]). Current status: Valid as Cottus spinulosus Kessler 1872. Cottidae. Distribution: Central Asia: Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan. Habitat: freshwater.

spinulosus, Cottus Yashchenko [A. L.] 1896:67 [Trudy St.-Peterburgskogo Obscestva Estestvoispytatelej = Travaux de la Société des Naturalistes de St. Pétersbourg, Otdel Zoologii Fisiologii v. 25 (no. 2); ref. 20230] Not available, no distinguishing features; perhaps refers to Cottus spinulosus Kessler 1872. Nomen Nudum. Cottidae.

tallapoosae, Cottus Neely [D. A.], Williams [J. D.] & Mayden [R. L.] 2007:642, Figs. 1A, 2 [Copeia 2007 (no. 3); ref. 29262] 2 kilometers southwest of Red Hill, Gold Banch of Channahatchee Creek at County road 407, 32°40'17"N, 85°57'36"W, Elmore County, Alabama, USA. Holotype: UAIC 13545.03. Paratypes: Many lots at AUM, GMNH, TU, UAIC, UF, UT and USNM. Plus many non-type specimens mentioned in Material Examined. •Valid as Cottus tallapoosae Neely, Williams & Mayden 2007 -- (Scharpf 2008:11 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:477 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:122 [ref. 32708], Goto et al. 2014:[10] [ref. 33456], Bagley et al. 2023:320 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:184 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Cottus tallapoosae Neely, Williams & Mayden 2007. Cottidae. Distribution: North America: Tallapoosa River drainage above the Fall Line in Alabama and Georgia (U.S.A.). IUCN (2013): Least Concern. Habitat: freshwater.

tenuis, Uranidea Evermann [B. W.] & Meek [S. E.] 1898:83, Fig. 6 [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 17 (art. 2) [1897]; ref. 14683] Lower end of upper Klamath Lake near Klamath Falls, Oregon, U.S.A. Holotype: USNM 48229. Paratypes or non-types: ANSP 39142 (1, missing), BMNH 1900.9.29.198-199 (2), CAS-SU 5705 (20), USNM 124958 [ex BCF 434] (39). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:133 [ref. 12291], Böhlke 1984:66 [ref. 13621]. •Valid as Cottus tenuis (Evermann & Meek 1898) -- (Lee et al. 1980:824 [ref. 22416], Page & Burr 1991:248 [ref. 18983], Nelson et al. 2004:119 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2008:11 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:473 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:123 [ref. 32708], Goto et al. 2014:[10] [ref. 33456], Young et al. 2022:327 [ref. 39356], Page et al. 2023:184 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Cottus tenuis (Evermann & Meek 1898). Cottidae. Distribution: North America: Klamath River basin, Oregon (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

transsilvaniae, Cottus Freyhof [J.], Kottelat [M.] & Nolte [A.] 2005:157, Figs. 28-29 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 16 (no. 2); ref. 28259] River Bratia at bridge on road 73c, about 20 kilometers southwest of village Cimpulung, 45°13'N, 24°47'E, Rumania. Holotype: ZMB 33596. Paratypes: FSFJ 686 (8). •Valid as Cottus transsilvaniae Freyhof, Kottelat & Nolte 2005 -- (Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:518 [ref. 29996], Sideleva 2009:211 [ref. 30173], Goto et al. 2014:[11] [ref. 33456], Sideleva et al. 2015:33 [ref. 35276], Sideleva et al. 2018:9 [ref. 36393]). Current status: Valid as Cottus transsilvaniae Freyhof, Kottelat & Nolte 2005. Cottidae. Distribution: Romania. Habitat: freshwater.

tubulatus, Cottus Hubbs [C. L.] & Schultz [L. P.] 1932:2 [Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology University of Michigan No. 242; ref. 16378] A tributary to north fork of the Clearwater River, near Bovill, Idaho, U.S.A. Holotype: UMMZ 92342. Paratypes: UMMZ 92669 (2). •Synonym of Cottus beldingii Eigenmann & Eigenmann 1891 -- (Bailey & Bond 1963:1 [ref. 3934], Lee et al. 1980:806 [ref. 22416], Baxter & Stone 1995:223 [ref. 23374]). •Valid as Cottus tubulatus Hubbs & Schultz 1932 -- (Young et al. 2022:330 [ref. 39356]). Current status: Valid as Cottus tubulatus Hubbs & Schultz 1932. Cottidae. Distribution: North America: Clearwater River (Idaho/U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

viscosus, Cottus Haldeman [S. S.] 1840:3 [Suppl. Monogr. Limnea. No. 3; ref. 21965] Susquehanna River, eastern Pennsylvania, U.S.A. No types known. Possible syntypes: MCZ 13614 (1). Original not seen; see Jordan & Evermann 1898:1968 [ref. 2444]. •Synonym of Cottus cognatus Richardson 1836 -- (Smith 1986:358 [ref. 22186]). Current status: Synonym of Cottus cognatus Richardson 1836. Cottidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

wheeleri, Uranidea Cope [E. D.] 1874:138 [10] [Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society v. 14; ref. 932] Beaver River, southwestern Utah, U.S.A. Syntypes: ANSP 22951 (1); MCZ 13636 (2); USNM 12905 (5), 16973 (5). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:66 [ref. 13621]. On p. 10 of separate. •Synonym of Cottus bairdii Girard 1850, subspecies semiscaber (Cope 1872) -- (La Rivers 1994:586 [ref. 23389]). Current status: Synonym of Cottus bairdii Girard 1850. Cottidae. Habitat: freshwater.

wilsonii, Cottus Girard [C. F.] 1851:42, Pl. 1 (figs. 3-4) [Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge v. 3 (art. 3) (for 1850); ref. 18124] Allegheny River, Foxburg, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. Syntypes: ANSP, USNM. •Synonym of Cottus bairdii Girard 1850. Current status: Synonym of Cottus bairdii Girard 1850. Cottidae. Habitat: freshwater.

wintu, Cottus gulosus Moyle [P. B.] & Campbell [M. A.] 2022:517, Fig. 1B [Zootaxa 5154 (no. 5); ref. 39359] North Fork Feather River, Butte County, California, U.S.A. Holotype: WFB 3424. Paratypes: WFB 3425-3428 (4). •Synonym of Cottus gulosus (Girard 1854), but a valid subspecies as described. Current status: Synonym of Cottus gulosus (Girard 1854). Cottidae. Distribution: North America: Sacramento River watershed, California (U.S.A.) [this subspecies]. Habitat: freshwater.

zopherus, Potamocottus Jordan [D. S.] 1877:320 [Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History of New York v. 11 (nos 11-12) (art. 29); ref. 2373] Small tributaries of the Etowah and Oostanaula rivers near Rome, Georgia, U.S.A. Syntypes: BMNH 1880.1.21.18 (1); MCZ 24377 (1); MNHN A-1295 (1); USNM 17877 (7), 329282 [ex Butler Univ. 379] (6). Type catalog: Blanc & Hureau 1968:54 [ref. 20738]. •Synonym of Cottus carolinae (Gill 1861) -- (Lee et al. 1980:807 [ref. 22416], Robison & Buchanan 1988:476 [ref. 23393]). •Synonym of Cottus carolinae (Gill 1861), but a valid subspecies as described -- (Boschung & Mayden 2004:424 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2008:8 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:470 [ref. 31215]). Current status: Synonym of Cottus carolinae (Gill 1861). Cottidae. Distribution: Southeastern U.S.A.: Alabama and Georgia [subspecies zopherus]. Habitat: freshwater.