Please look in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes for authorships of sections, Families of Fishes (all), and related information.

Species in the genus Hoplostethus: [ 40 ] records

abramovi, Hoplostethus Kotlyar [A. N.] 1986:128, Fig. 15 [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 121; ref. 6004] Western Indian Ocean, 10°58'S, 50°38'E, depth 300 meters. Holotype: ZMMU P-16479 (190 mm). Paratypes: ZMMU P-16479 (1, lost?). Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:74 [ref. 25714]. •Valid as Hoplostethus abramovi Kotlyar 1986 -- (Kotlyar 1993:192 [ref. 21209], Kotlyar 1996:153 [ref. 23292], Moore & Dodd 2010:143 [ref. 30876]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus abramovi Kotlyar 1986. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: North of Madagascar and off the Transkei, western Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine.

atlanticus, Hoplostethus Collett [R.] 1889:306 [6], Pl. 3 (fig. 12) [Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France v. 14 (no. 6); ref. 18022] Florès, Azores, northeastern Atlantic, station 203, depth 1557 meters. Holotype (unique): MOM 0091-0101. Type catalog: Belloc 1949:12 [ref. 21544]. On p. 6 of separate. •Valid as Hoplostethus atlanticus Collett 1889 -- (Nielsen 1973:340 [ref. 6885], Ehrich 1983:134 [ref. 37253], Kotlyar 1986:130 [ref. 6004], Heemstra 1986:411 [ref. 5660], Maul in Whitehead et al. 1986:750 [ref. 13676], Nakamura in Nakamura et al. 1986:164 [ref. 14235], Paxton et al. 1989:366 [ref. 12442], Pequeño 1989:53 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:152 [ref. 24556], Shcherbachev et al. 1989:165 [ref. 36134], Maul 1990:620 [ref. 17237], Shimizu in Amaoka et al. 1990:203 [ref. 16024], Kotlyar 1993:193 [ref. 21209], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:149 [ref. 25472], Gomon et al. 1994:402 [ref. 22532], Amaoka in Okamura et al. 1995:145 [ref. 22531], Kotlyar 1996:155 [ref. 23292], Santos et al. 1997:71 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:75 [ref. 24952], Hutchins 2001:25 [ref. 25847], Moore 2003:1187 [ref. 27002], Moore et al. 2003:220 [ref. 27076], Paxton et al. 2006:769 [ref. 29074], Gomon 2008:423 [ref. 30616], Moore & Dodd 2010:137 [ref. 30876], Møller et al. 2010:50 [ref. 31169], Fricke et al. 2011:372 [ref. 31242], Duffy & Ahyong 2015:111 [ref. 36167], Fricke et al. 2015:5 [ref. 33920], Roberts & Gomon 2015:1013 [ref. 34279], Afonso et al. 2016:39, 171 [ref. 36199], Bañón et al. 2016:319 [ref. 34397], Moore 2016:2190 [ref. 34570], Martins & Carneiro 2018:49 [ref. 36550], Carneiro et al. 2019:154 [ref. 37250], Bañón & Maño 2021:64 [ref. 38883], Fermon et al. 2022:204 [ref. 39448], Page et al. 2023:106 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus atlanticus Collett 1889. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and temperate oceans; in eastern Pacific only off Chile. Habitat: marine.

cadenati, Hoplostethus Quéro [J.-C.] 1974:103, Fig. [Revue des Travaux de l'Institut des Pêches Maritimes v. 38 (no. 1); ref. 7533] Off Cape Blanc [Blanco], Mauritania, 21°25'N, 17°46'E, depth 703-704 meters. Holotype: MNHN 1974-0091. Paratypes: (12) BMNH 1975.1.21.1 (1); CAS 31782 (1); ISH 1-1975 (1); MNHLR 804 (1); MNHN 1975-0075 to 0078 (1, 1, 1, 1); SMF 13713 (1); USNM 213804 (1); ZMB 23420 (1); ZMUC P4084 (1). Additional material: MNHN (92). Type catalog: Krefft 1978:16 [ref. 9884]. •Valid as Hoplostethus cadenati Quéro 1974 -- (Kotlyar 1986:133 [ref. 6004], Heemstra 1986:411 [ref. 5660], Maul 1990:621 [ref. 17237], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:149 [ref. 25472], Du Buit & Quéro 1993:81 [ref. 22336], Kotlyar 1995:703 [ref. 22580], Kotlyar 1996:163 [ref. 23292], Bañón et al. 2016:319 [ref. 34397], Moore 2016:2191 [ref. 34570], Martins & Carneiro 2018:50 [ref. 36550], Carneiro et al. 2019:155 [ref. 37250], Reiner 2019:142 [ref. 38139], Bañón & Maño 2021:64 [ref. 38883], Fermon et al. 2022:204 [ref. 39448], Su et al. 2024:7 [ref. 41668]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus cadenati Quéro 1974. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Eastern Atlantic: Bretagne (France) south to 10°10'N and from 1°26'S to 26°14'S, including Madeira, Cape Verde Islands, and São Tomé and Principe; southwestern Indian Ocean: off Transkei, South Africa. Habitat: marine.

confinis, Hoplostethus Kotlyar [A. N.] 1980:210, Figs. 23-24 [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 110; ref. 8322] Andaman Sea, 8°44'N, 97°20'E, depth 290-330 meters. Holotype: ZMMU P-11998 (123 mm). Paratypes: ZMMU 11998 (1). Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:74 [ref. 25714]. •Valid as Hoplostethus confinis Kotlyar 1980 -- (Kotlyar 1986:125 [ref. 6004], Kotlyar 1996:148 [ref. 23292], Roberts & Gomon 2012:341 [ref. 32372], Kimura et al. 2019:3 [ref. 37790]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus confinis Kotlyar 1980. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Northeastern Indian Ocean: Andaman Sea. Habitat: marine.

crassispinus, Hoplostethus Kotlyar [A. N.] 1980:1055, Fig. 1 [Zoologicheskii Zhurnal v. 59 (no. 7) (for July 1980); ref. 8705] Northeastern Pacific, Emperor Seamount Chain [northern Hawaiian Ridge]. Holotype: ZIN 45096. Paratypes: ZIN 45097 (1), 45098 (1); ZMMU P-15176 (1). Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:74-75 [ref. 25714]. •Valid as Hoplostethus crassispinus Kotlyar 1980 -- (Yamakawa in Okamura et al. 1982:207, 366 [ref. 8256], Yamakawa in Masuda et al. 1984:109 [ref. 6441], Yamakawa in Okamura et al. 1985:439, 653 [ref. 8056], Kotlyar 1986:127 [ref. 6004], Kotlyar 1996:152 [ref. 23292], Konishi 1999:58 [ref. 24259], Moore & Paxton 1999:2217 [ref. 24787], Nakabo 2000:501 [ref. 25086], Paxton & Moore in Randall & Lim 2000:601 [ref. 25122], Shinohara et al. 2001:311 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:501 [ref. 26001], Mundy & Parrish 2004:412 [ref. 27877], Shinohara et al. 2005:422 [ref. 28370], Mundy 2005:305 [ref. 28379], Moore & Dodd 2010:138 [ref. 30876], Kotlyar 2011:484 [ref. 32455], Roberts & Gomon 2012:341 [ref. 32372], Kim et al. 2021:100 [ref. 39117], Su et al. 2023:96 [ref. 40400]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus crassispinus Kotlyar 1980. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: North Pacific Ocean: Kyushu-Palau Ridge, northern Hawaiian Ridge, probably in the South China Sea. IUCN (2020): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.

druzhinini, Hoplostethus Kotlyar [A. N.] 1986:116, Fig. 7 [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 121; ref. 6004] Arabian Sea, 16°11'N, 52°54'E, depth 330 meters. Holotype: ZIN 44074. Paratypes: ZIN 47946 (4). •Valid as Hoplostethus druzhinini Kotlyar 1986 -- (Manilo 1992:22 [130] [ref. 39140], Kotlyar 1993:193 [ref. 21209], Kotlyar 1996:143 [ref. 23292], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S100 [ref. 27377] as druzhininiv, Psomadakis et al. 2020:348 [ref. 37272], Su et al. 2024:8 [ref. 41668]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus druzhinini Kotlyar 1986. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Northern Indian Ocean: Arabian Sea east to Myanmar. Habitat: marine.

fedorovi, Hoplostethus Kotlyar [A. N.] 1986:125, Fig. 12 [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 121; ref. 6004] Central Pacific [Marcus-Necker Ridge], 25°07'N, 175°41'E, depth 500-520 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMMU P-16478. Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:75 [ref. 25714]. •Valid as Hoplostethus fedorovi Kotlyar 1986 -- (Kotlyar 1996:142 [ref. 23292], Mundy 2005:305 [ref. 28379]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus fedorovi Kotlyar 1986. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Central Pacific: Marcus-Necker Ridge, Hawaiian Ridge. Habitat: marine.

fragilis, Leiogaster de Buen [F.] 1959:193 [Boletim do Museu Nacional de Chile v. 27 (no. 3); ref. 697] Off Valparaíso, Chile. Holotype: EMBC?. Paratypes: (2). •Valid as Leiogaster fragilis de Buen 1959 -- (Pequeño 1989:53 [ref. 14125]). •Valid as Hoplostethus fragilis (de Buen 1959) -- (Kotlyar 1986:131 [ref. 6004], Kotlyar 1996:162 [ref. 23292]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus fragilis (de Buen 1959). Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Chile (off Valparaíso). Habitat: marine.

gigas, Hoplostethus McCulloch [A. R.] 1914:101, Pl. 19 [Biological Results Endeavour v. 2 (pt 3); ref. 2940] Great Australian Bight, 33°18'S, 126°42'E, South Australia, depth 130-170 fathoms. Lectotype: AMS I.12766. Paralectotypes: AMS I.15710-001 (1, skeleton), NMV A.20541 (1), QMB I.1423 (1). Plus non-type material. Lectotype selected by Roberts & Gomon 2012:346 [ref. 32372]. •Valid as Hoplostethus gigas McCulloch 1914 -- (Kotlyar 1986:126 [ref. 6004], Paxton et al. 1989:366 [ref. 12442], Paulin et al. 1989:153 [ref. 24556], Gomon et al. 1994:403 [ref. 22532], Kotlyar 1996:150 [ref. 23292], Hutchins 2001:25 [ref. 25847], Paxton et al. 2006:769 [ref. 29074], Gomon 2008:424 [ref. 30616], Moore & Dodd 2010:138 [ref. 30876], Roberts & Gomon 2012:342 [ref. 32372], Imamura & Hoese 2023:[4] [ref. 40531]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus gigas McCulloch 1914. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Southeastern Indian Ocean: Southern Australia (South Australia and Victoria). New Zealand in error (see H. melanopeza). Habitat: marine.

gilchristi, Hoplostethus Smith [J. L. B.] 1935:182, Pl. 22 (fig. E) [Records of the Albany Museum Grahamstown v. 4; ref. 4066] Off Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, western Indian Ocean, depth 300 fathoms. Holotype (unique): SAIAB [formerly RUSI] 46 [ex AMG]. •Synonym of Hoplostethus atlanticus Collett 1889 -- (Kotlyar 1986:130 [ref. 6004], Heemstra 1986:411 [ref. 5660], Maul 1990:620 [ref. 17237], Kotlyar 1996:156 [ref. 23292]). Current status: Synonym of Hoplostethus atlanticus Collett 1889. Trachichthyidae. Habitat: marine.

grandperrini, Hoplostethus Roberts [C. D.] & Gomon [M. F.] 2012:351, Fig. 6 [Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria v. 69; ref. 32372] New Caledonia, Norfolk Ridge, Seamount "B", 24°55.15'S, 168°20.95'E, depth 600-675 meters. Holotype: NMNZ P.027462. Paratypes: MNHN 2012-0269 (1). •Valid as Hoplostethus grandperrini Roberts & Gomon 2012 -- (Su et al. 2023:88 [ref. 40400], Misawa et al. 2023:248 [ref. 40812]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus grandperrini Roberts & Gomon 2012. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Taiwan north to southern Japan; Norfolk Ridge and New Caledonia. Habitat: marine.

intermedius, Trachichthys Hector [J.] 1875:78 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 4) v. 15 (no. 85) (art. 11); ref. 18268] Off Cape Farewell, New Zealand, depth 400 fathoms. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1885.10.15.1 [from Wellington Mus.]. Apparently appeared first as above, then in Hector 1875:245, Pl. 11 (fig. 18a) [ref. 18269]. •Valid as Hoplostethus intermedius (Hector 1875) -- (Paxton et al. 1989:366 [ref. 12442], Gomon et al. 1994:404 [ref. 22532], Hutchins 2001:25 [ref. 25847], Paxton et al. 2006:769 [ref. 29074], Gomon 2008:424 [ref. 30616], Moore & Dodd 2010:138 [ref. 30876]). •Synonym of Hoplostethus mediterraneus Cuvier 1829, but a valid subspecies -- (Kotlyar 1986:112 [ref. 6004], Kotlyar 1996:134, 138 [ref. 23292]). •Synonym of Hoplostethus mediterraneus Cuvier 1829 -- (Roberts & Gomon 2012:341 [ref. 32372]). Current status: Synonym of Hoplostethus mediterraneus Cuvier 1829. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Australia and New Zealand [may be the same as the Atlantic mediterraneus]. Habitat: marine.

islandicus, Hoplostethus Kotthaus [A.] 1952:66, Fig. 2 [Helgoländer wissenschaftliche Meeresuntersuchungen v. 4 (no. 1); ref. 12781] Ingolfshöfdi, Iceland, 460 or 180 meters. Holotype: ZMH H1. Type catalog: Ladiges et al. 1958:161 [ref. 19181], Wilkens & Dohse 1993:405 [ref. 21161]. See Kotthaus 1953:81 [ref. 21482] for type information. •Valid as Hoplostethus islandicus Kotthaus 1952 -- (Nielsen 1973:341 [ref. 6885]). •Synonym of Hoplostethus atlanticus Collett 1889 -- (Maul in Whitehead et al. 1986:750 [ref. 13676], Kotlyar 1986:130 [ref. 6004], Maul 1990:621 [ref. 17237], Kotlyar 1996:156 [ref. 23292]). Current status: Synonym of Hoplostethus atlanticus Collett 1889. Trachichthyidae. Habitat: marine.

japonicus, Hoplostethus Hilgendorf [F. M.] 1879:78 [Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin 1879; ref. 18288] Japan. Holotype: ZMB 1569. •Valid as Hoplostethus japonicus Hilgendorf 1879 -- (Yamakawa in Okamura et al. 1982:205, 366 [ref. 8256], Yamakawa in Masuda et al. 1984:109 [ref. 6441], Yamakawa in Okamura et al. 1985:437, 652 [ref. 8056], Kotlyar 1986:121 [ref. 6004], Kotlyar 1996:147 [ref. 23292], Konishi 1999:58 [ref. 24259], Moore & Paxton 1999:2217 [ref. 24787], Nakabo 2000:501 [ref. 25086], Shinohara et al. 2001:311 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:501 [ref. 26001], Takahashi et al. 2003:18 [ref. 27520], Shinohara et al. 2005:422 [ref. 28370], Moore & Dodd 2010:138 [ref. 30876], Motomura et al. 2015:17 [ref. 34709], Miyazaki et al. 2019:123 [ref. 37957], Su et al. 2022:10 [ref. 39388]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus japonicus Hilgendorf 1879. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific: Japan and Taiwan. Habitat: marine.

latus, Hoplostethus mediterraneus var. McCulloch [A. R.] 1914:97, Fig. 5 [Biological Results Endeavour v. 2 (pt 3); ref. 2940] Great Australian Bight, 33°20'S, 126° to 127°E, depth 80-320 fathoms. Syntypes: (9) AMS E.2467 (6, now 0), E.3597 (1), E.3598 (1), I.12485-87 (1, 1, 1); TMH D140/13021 [old no. D102, ex AMS E.2467] (1); NMV R.5962 [ex AMS E.2350] (1), SAMA F213 [ex AMS E.2467] (1). Type catalog: Andrews 1971:2 [ref. 31471], Glover 1976:171 [ref. 19449], Andrews 1992:111 [ref. 22689]. •Synonym of Hoplostethus mediterraneus Cuvier 1829 -- (Kotlyar 1986:103 [ref. 6004], Paxton et al. 1989:366 [ref. 12442], Kotlyar 1996:134 [ref. 23292]). •Valid as Hoplostethus latus McCulloch 1914 -- (Gomon et al. 1994:405 [ref. 22532], Hutchins 2001:25 [ref. 25847], Gomon 2008:425 [ref. 30616], Moore & Dodd 2010:138 [ref. 30876], Imamura & Hoese 2023:[4] [ref. 40531]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus latus McCulloch 1914. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Southeastern Indian Ocean: western South Australia and Western Australia. Habitat: marine.

marisrubri, Hoplostethus Kotlyar [A. N.] 1986:124, Fig. 11 [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 121; ref. 6004] Red Sea, 18°29'N, 40°19'E, depth 510-520 meters. Holotype: ZMMU P-16476. Paratypes: ZMMU P-16477 (4). Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:75 [ref. 25714]. •Valid as Hoplostethus marisrubri Kotlyar 1986 -- (Kotlyar 1996:147 [ref. 23292], Khalaf & Zajonz 2007:430 [ref. 31739], Golani & Bogorodsky 2010:63 [ref. 35264], Bogorodsky & Randall 2018:[23] 261 [ref. 36492], Golani & Fricke 2018:44 [ref. 36273]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus marisrubri Kotlyar 1986. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: Gulf of Aden. Habitat: marine.

mediterraneus, Hoplostethus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829:469, Pl. 97 bis [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 4; ref. 998] Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. Holotype: MNHN 0000-7442. Type catalog: Bauchot 1970:26 [ref. 20740]. •Valid as Hoplostethus mediterraneus Cuvier 1829 -- (Nielsen 1973:340 [ref. 6885], Yamakawa in Okamura et al. 1982:205, 366 [ref. 8256], Dor 1984:69 [ref. 29757], Klausewitz 1986:286 [ref. 39512], Maul in Whitehead et al. 1986:751 [ref. 13676], Heemstra 1986:412 [ref. 5660], Kotlyar 1986:103 [ref. 6004], Gon 1987:101 [ref. 21380], Scott & Scott 1988:324 [ref. 25518], Paxton et al. 1989:366 [ref. 12442], Paulin et al. 1989:153 [ref. 24556], Shcherbachev et al. 1989:165 [ref. 36134], McAllister 1990:129 [ref. 14674], Maul 1990:622 [ref. 17237], Shimizu in Amaoka et al. 1990:206 [ref. 16024], Boschung 1992:91 [ref. 23239], Baranes & Golani 1993:304 [ref. 22372], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:149 [ref. 25472], Klausewitz 1994:466 [ref. 23564], Goren & Dor 1994:17 [ref. 25356], Kotlyar 1996:133 [ref. 23292], Santos et al. 1997:71 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:75 [ref. 24952], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:1006 [ref. 23897], Moore & Paxton 1999:2217 [ref. 24787], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:182 [ref. 25013], Paxton & Moore in Randall & Lim 2000:601 [ref. 25122], Pakhorukov 2001:379 [ref. 25409], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:62 [ref. 26753], Moore in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:304 [ref. 26158], Moore 2003:1188 [ref. 27002], Golani 2005:30 [ref. 37112], Fricke et al. 2007:72 [ref. 29533], Gomon 2008:424 [ref. 30616], Moore & Dodd 2010:138 [ref. 30876], Golani & Bogorodsky 2010:63 [ref. 35264], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:27 [ref. 36649], Goren & Galil 2015:521 [ref. 33910], Lins Oliveira et al. 2015:126 [ref. 37485], Roberts & Gomon 2015:1014 [ref. 34279], Bañón et al. 2016:318 [ref. 34397], Moore 2016:2191 [ref. 34570], Vinu et al. 2016:[1] [ref. 35335], Martins & Carneiro 2018:51 [ref. 36550], Carneiro et al. 2019:155 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:95 [ref. 36864], Reiner 2019:143 [ref. 38139], Bariche & Fricke 2020:43 [ref. 37515], Kovačić et al. 2020:20 [ref. 37519], Bañón & Maño 2021:64 [ref. 38883], Golani 2021:33 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:32 [ref. 39014], Anderson 2022:388 [ref. 39705], Fermon et al. 2022:204 [ref. 39448], Page et al. 2023:106 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:253 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus mediterraneus Cuvier 1829. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Atlantic: Iceland south to eastern Brazil and Cape of Good Hope (South Africa), including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea; Mediterranean Sea; western Indian Ocean: South Africa and Mozambique to Madagascar Ridge; southeastern Indian Ocean, southwestern Pacific: southern Australia and New Zealand. IUCN (2015): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.

melanopeza, Hoplostethus Roberts [C. D.] & Gomon [M. F.] 2012:346, Figs. 3-4 [Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria v. 69; ref. 32372] North Island, Bay of Plenty, Mayor Knolls, 12 km east of Mayor Island, 37°19.07' S, 176°25.35' E, New Zealand, depth 320 meters. Holotype: NMNZ P.053205. Paratypes: many at AMS, CSIRO, MNHN, NMNZ, NMV, USNM. •Valid as Hoplostethus melanopeza Roberts & Gomon 2012 -- (Roberts & Gomon 2015:1015 [ref. 34279]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus melanopeza Roberts & Gomon 2012. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Tasman Sea and South Fiji Basins in the south-western Pacific, including Kermadec Ridge and New Zealand. Habitat: marine.

melanopterus, Hoplostethus Fowler [H. W.] 1938:36, Fig. 9 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 85 (no. 3032); ref. 1426] Off Tayabas Light, Marinduque Island and vicinity, Philippines, 13°40'N, 121°31'10"E, Albatross station D.5373, depth 338 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 93329. Paratypes: CAS-SU 140192 [ex USNM 93330] (2), CAS-SU 40191 [ex USNM 93336] (1), 40192 (2); USNM 93325-43 (1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 2, 4, 5, 5, 4, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, now 6, 5), 99030 (3). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:63 [ref. 12291]. •Valid as Hoplostethus melanopterus Fowler 1938 -- (Kotlyar 1986:135 [ref. 6004], Heemstra 1986:412 [ref. 5660], Kotlyar 1996:167 [ref. 23292], Moore & Paxton 1999:2217 [ref. 24787], Paxton & Moore in Randall & Lim 2000:601 [ref. 25122], Shinohara et al. 2005:422 [ref. 28370], Moore & Dodd 2010:138 [ref. 30876], Larson et al. 2013:72 [ref. 32988], Su et al. 2024:7 [ref. 41668]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus melanopterus Fowler 1938. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Philippines to northern Australia. Habitat: marine.

melanopus, Leiogaster Weber [M.] 1913:180, Pl. 9 (fig. 7) [Die Fische der Siboga-Expedition; ref. 4602] Halmahera Sea, 1°10'S, 130°9'E, Siboga station 161, depth 798 meters. Lectotype: ZMA 110826. Paralectotypes: FMNH 52454 [CM 712] (1); RMNH 9985 [ex ZMA] (1); ZMA 109297 (1), 110823-25 (3, 4, 11). Type catalog: Nijssen et al. 1982:79 [ref. 19236], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:51 [ref. 12367]. Lectotype selected by Karrer 1973:230 [ref. 19259]. •Valid as Hoplostethus melanopus (Weber 1913) -- (Kotlyar 1986:135 [ref. 6004], Heemstra 1986:412 [ref. 5660], Paxton et al. 1989:367 [ref. 12442], Shimizu in Amaoka et al. 1990:207 [ref. 16024], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:150 [ref. 25472], Kotlyar 1996:156 [ref. 23292], Adam et al. 1998:1 [ref. 23610], Moore & Paxton 1999:2217 [ref. 24787], Nakabo 2000:500 [ref. 25086], Paxton & Moore in Randall & Lim 2000:601 [ref. 25122], Hutchins 2001:25 [ref. 25847] as cf. melanopus, Nakabo 2002:500 [ref. 26001], Kotlyar 2002:476 [ref. 26270], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S100 [ref. 27377], Paxton et al. 2006:770 [ref. 29074], Moore & Dodd 2010:138 [ref. 30876], Larson et al. 2013:72 [ref. 32988], Moore 2016:2192 [ref. 34570], Vinu et al. 2016:[1] [ref. 35335], Fricke et al. 2018:111 [ref. 35805], Kimura et al. 2019:4 [ref. 37790], Su et al. 2024:8 [ref. 41668]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus melanopus (Weber 1913). Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Southeastern Atlantic and Indo-West Pacific: South Africa and East Africa east to Indonesia, north to southern Japan, south to northern Australia. Habitat: marine.

mento, Trachichthys Garman [S.] 1899:58, Pl. 11 (figs. 3-8) [not 2-7] [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 24; ref. 1540] South of Gulf of Panama, vicinity of 7°N, 78°-79°W, Albatross station 3384, 3394, 3396, depth 259-458 fathoms. Syntypes: MCZ 28762-64 (12, 19, 12), 28776 (1); USNM 153597 [ex MCZ 28762] (3). •Valid as Trachichthys mento Garman 1899 -- (Pequeño 1989:53 [ref. 14125]). •Valid as Hoplostethus mento (Garman 1899) -- (Kotlyar 1986:136 [ref. 6004], Kotlyar 1996:171 [ref. 23292], Moore & Dodd 2010:138 [ref. 30876], Robertson et al. 2017:75 [ref. 35676]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus mento (Garman 1899). Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Costa Rica to Chile. Habitat: marine.

metallicus, Hoplostethus Fowler [H. W.] 1938:37, Fig. 10 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 85 (no. 3032); ref. 1426] Pescador Island, Tanon Strait, eastern coast of Negros, Philippines, 9°56'30"N, 123°15'E, Albatross station D.5189, depth 30 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 93344. Paratypes: USNM 93391 (4), 93395-97 (17, 1, 1) •Valid as Hoplostethus metallicus Fowler 1938 -- (Kotlyar 1986:137 [ref. 6004], Kotlyar 1996:173 [ref. 23292], Moore & Paxton 1999:2217 [ref. 24787], Moore & Dodd 2010:138 [ref. 30876], Motomura et al. 2017:59 [ref. 35490]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus metallicus Fowler 1938. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Philippines. Habitat: marine.

mikhailini, Hoplostethus Kotlyar [A. N.] 1986:113, Fig. 5 [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 121; ref. 6004] Southwestern Indian Ocean, 25°53'S, 33°18'E, depth 520-499 meters. Holotype: ZMMU P-16472. Paratypes: ZMMU P-11524 (3), P-16473-74 (1, 2). Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:75 [ref. 25714]. •Valid as Hoplostethus mikhailini Kotlyar 1986 -- (Heemstra in Smith & Heemstra 1995:ix [ref. 21953], Kotlyar 1996:142 [ref. 23292]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus mikhailini Kotlyar 1986. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Southwest Indian Ocean from Cape of Good Hope to Delagoa Bay, South Africa. Habitat: marine.

nanus, Korsogaster Parr [A. E.] 1933:9, Fig. 3 [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 3 (art. 6); ref. 3373] Tongue of the Ocean, Bahamas, 25°56'N, 77°37'W, 5000 feet wire out. Holotype (unique): YPM 2839. Type catalog: Moore & Boardman 1991:27 [ref. 16741]. •Synonym of Hoplostethus mediterraneus Cuvier 1829 -- (Kotlyar 1986:103 [ref. 6004], Kotlyar 1996:134 [ref. 23292]). Current status: Synonym of Hoplostethus mediterraneus Cuvier 1829. Trachichthyidae. Habitat: marine.

natalensis, Hoplostethus (Hoplostethus) Kotlyar [A. N.] 1978:1681, Fig. [Zoologicheskii Zhurnal v. 57 (no. 11); ref. 8919] Southwestern Indian Ocean, over the continental slope of South Africa, 30°14'S, 31°18'E, depth 800 meters. Holotype: ZMMU P-14508 (121 mm). Paratypes: ZMMU P-14508 (1, juv.). Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:75 [ref. 25714]. •Synonym of Hoplostethus melanopus (Weber 1913) -- (Kotlyar 1986:135 [ref. 6004], Heemstra 1986:412 [ref. 5660], Kotlyar 1996:167 [ref. 23292]). Current status: Synonym of Hoplostethus melanopus (Weber 1913). Trachichthyidae. Habitat: marine.

occidentalis, Hoplostethus Woods [L. P.] in Woods & Sonoda 1973:319, Fig. 24 [Memoirs of the Sears Foundation of Marine Research Mem. 1 (pt 6); ref. 6899] Gulf of Mexico, 29°06.5'N, 88°18'W, Oregon station 3691, depth 235 fathoms. Holotype: FMNH 66790. Paratypes: FMNH 64529 (1), 64536 (2), 4538-39 (2, 1), 65297-99 (1, 2, 1), 65300 (1), 66232-35 (3, 4, 1, 2), 66925-37 (2, 5, 1, 3, 1, 5, 11, 1, 16, 4, 2, 4, 5), 66938-49 (1, 1, 3, 2, 1, 1, 4, 9, 1, 5, 1, 1). Type catalog: Ibarra & Stewart 1987:47 [ref. 12367]. •Valid as Hoplostethus occidentalis Woods 1973 -- (Uyeno & Sato in Uyeno et al. 1983:267 [ref. 14275], Kotlyar 1986:119 [ref. 6004], Cervigón 1991:241 [ref. 24472], Boschung 1992:91 [ref. 23239], Kotlyar 1996:145 [ref. 23292], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:1007 [ref. 23897], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:182 [ref. 25013], Claro et al. 2000:21 [ref. 26458], Moore in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:304 [ref. 26158], Moore 2003:1188 [ref. 27002], Moore et al. 2003:220 [ref. 27076], Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:69 [ref. 27192], Moore & Dodd 2010:138 [ref. 30876], Lins Oliveira et al. 2015:127 [ref. 37485], Klautau et al. 2020:8 [ref. 37903], Robertson et al. 2020:164 [ref. 38098], Page et al. 2023:106 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:253 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus occidentalis Woods 1973. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Florida Straits (U.S.A.) south to southern Brazil, including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. Habitat: marine.

pacificus, Hoplostethus Garman [S.] 1899:56, Pls. A (1), 10, 11 (1), 71 (4) [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 24; ref. 1540] Off Galápagos Islands, 0°58'30"S, 89°17'W, Albatross station 3403, depth 384 fathoms. Syntypes: MCZ 28765 (4), USNM 153590 [ex MCZ 28765] (1). •Valid as Hoplostethus pacificus Garman 1899 -- (Kotlyar 1986:130 [ref. 6004], McCosker et al. 1997:24 [ref. 22816], Kotlyar 1996:154 [ref. 23292], Moore & Dodd 2010:138 [ref. 30876], McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:190 [ref. 30957], Grove et al. 2022:17 [ref. 41326]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus pacificus Garman 1899. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Galapagos Islands (Ecuador) endemic. Habitat: marine.

platynotus, Hoplostethus Su [Y.], Kotlyar [A. N.], Lin [H.-C.], Kawai [T.] & Ho [H.-C.] 2024:2, Figs. 1-2 [Journal of Fish Biology Early View; ref. 41668] Off Sumatra, Indonesia, eastern Indian Ocean, 5°16'5.39"N, 94°1'2.4"E - 5°17'00"N, 94°2'4.8"E, depth 762 - 843 meters. Holotype: HUMZ 194656. Paratypes: HUMZ 194633 (1), 194655 (1). •Valid as Hoplostethus platynotus Su, Kotlyar, Lin, Kawai & Ho 2024. Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus platynotus Su, Kotlyar, Lin, Kawai & Ho 2024. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean: off Sumatra, Indonesia. Habitat: marine.

pretiosus, Trachichthys Lowe [R. T.] 1839:77 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1839 (pt 7); ref. 2829] Off Madeira. No types known. Name only, not available. •In the synonymy of Hoplostethus mediterraneus Cuvier 1829 -- (Nielsen 1973:340 [ref. 6885], Kotlyar 1986:103 [ref. 6004], Maul 1990:622 [ref. 17237], Kotlyar 1996:134 [ref. 23292]). Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Hoplostethus mediterraneus Cuvier 1829. Trachichthyidae.

ravurictus, Hoplostethus Gomon [M. F.] 2008:189, Figs. 1-2 [Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria v. 65; ref. 29957] Hedland, 18°34.28' - 18°34.20'S, 117°27.40' - 117°29.17'E, Western Australia, depth 407-404 meters. Holotype: NMV A29668-002. Paratypes: many at AMS, CAS, CSIRO, NMNZ, NTM, WAM. Plus other material. •Valid as Hoplostethus ravurictus Gomon 2008 -- (Larson et al. 2013:72 [ref. 32988]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus ravurictus Gomon 2008. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Northern and Western Australia. Habitat: marine.

rifti, Hoplostethus Kotlyar [A. N.] 1986:120, Fig. 9 [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 121; ref. 6004] Western Indian Ocean, off northwestern Madagascar, 12°24'S, 48°25'E, depth 480-500 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMMU P-16475. Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:76 [ref. 25714], Fricke et al. 2018:111 [ref. 35805]. •Valid as Hoplostethus rifti Kotlyar 1986 -- (Kotlyar 1993:195 [ref. 21209], Kotlyar 1996:146 [ref. 23292], Fricke et al. 2018:111 [ref. 35805]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus rifti Kotlyar 1986. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: Madagascar. Habitat: marine.

robustispinus, Hoplostethus Moore [J. A.] & Dodd [K. A.] 2010:139, Figs. 1-3 [Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History v. 51 (no. 1); ref. 30876] East of Calagua Islands, Philippines, 14°18'N, 123°21'E, depth 648-660 meters. Holotype (unique): YPM 10130. •Valid as Hoplostethus robustispinus Moore & Dodd 2010 -- (Kotlyar 2011:484 [ref. 32455], Roberts & Gomon 2012:341 [ref. 32372], Su et al. 2023:92 [ref. 40400]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus robustispinus Moore & Dodd 2010. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Philippines and South China Sea, north to Taiwan. Habitat: marine.

roseus, Hoplostethus Su [Y.], Lin [H.-C.] & Ho [H.-C.] 2022:3, Figs. 1-6a, 7a [Journal of Fish Biology v. 101 (no. 3); ref. 39388] Off Chenggong fishing port, Taitung, eastern Taiwan. Holotype: NMMBP 32789. Paratypes: (10) DOS, NMMBP. •Valid as Hoplostethus roseus Su, Lin & Ho 2022. Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus roseus Su, Lin & Ho 2022. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Taiwan, Japan and New Caledonia. Habitat: marine.

rubellopterus, Hoplostethus Kotlyar [A. N.] 1980:204, Figs. 19-20 [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 110; ref. 8322] Nikobar Strait, 3°46'N, 95°00'E, northern Indian Ocean, depth 800-875 meters. Holotype: ZMMU P-15179. Paratypes: ZMMU P-15180 (3). Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:76 [ref. 25714]. •Valid as Hoplostethus rubellopterus Kotlyar 1980 -- (Kotlyar 1986:134 [ref. 6004], Kotlyar 1996:166 [ref. 23292], Vinu et al. 2016:[1] [ref. 35335], Su et al. 2024:7 [ref. 41668]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus rubellopterus Kotlyar 1980. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Northern tropical Indian Ocean: from Mountain of Error (west) to Mentavay Ridge (east). Habitat: marine.

shubnikovi, Hoplostethus Kotlyar [A. N.] 1980:202, Figs. 14-15 [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 110; ref. 8322] Nikobar Strait, Mentavay Ridge, 3°46'N, 95°00'E, northern Indian Ocean, depth 800-875 meters. Holotype: ZMMU P-15177. Paratypes: ZMMU P-15178 (1). Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:76 [ref. 25714]. Species misspelled as Hoplostethus sbubnikovi on description heading, correctly spelled as shubnikovi on figure captions and later in text. •Valid as Hoplostethus shubnikovi Kotlyar 1980 -- (Kotlyar 1986:136 [ref. 6004], Paxton et al. 1989:367 [ref. 12442], Kotlyar 1996:170 [ref. 23292], Hutchins 2001:25 [ref. 25847], Paxton et al. 2006:770 [ref. 29074], Moore & Dodd 2010:141 [ref. 30876], Psomadakis et al. 2020:348 [ref. 37272]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus shubnikovi Kotlyar 1980. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean: Myanmar to Nicobar Islands. Habitat: marine.

sonodae, Hoplostethus mediterraneus Kotlyar [A. N.] 1986:111 [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 121; ref. 6004] Northwestern Atlantic. Syntypes: Boston Univ. (1); BLBG [Biol. Lab., NMFS, Brunswick Georgia] (2); MCZ 38241 (1), 40502 (1), 40546 (1), 40554 (1), 40558-59 (1, 1); FMNH 65295-96 (2, 3), 65559 (1), 66789 (2). Appeared first in Quéro 1979 [ref. 26706] without description, not available. Based on Woods & Sonoda 1973 [ref. 6899], so Woods and Sonoda specimens are syntypes. •Synonym of Hoplostethus mediterraneus Cuvier 1829, but a valid subspecies sonodae Kotlyar 1986 as described -- (Kotlyar 1996:136 [ref. 23292], Moore et al. 2003:220 [ref. 27076]). Current status: Synonym of Hoplostethus mediterraneus Cuvier 1829. Trachichthyidae. Habitat: marine.

spinulosus, Leiogaster atlanticus var. Roule [L.] 1916:15 [Bulletin de l'Institut Océanographique (Monaco) No. 320; ref. 3818] Santa Cruz, Azores, northeastern Atlantic, station 703, depth 1360 meters. Holotype (unique): MOM 0091-0362. Type catalog: Belloc 1949:12-13 [ref. 21544]. •Synonym of Hoplostethus atlanticus Collett 1889 -- (Maul 1990:620 [ref. 17237], Kotlyar 1996:156 [ref. 23292], Santos et al. 1997:71 [ref. 23531]). Current status: Synonym of Hoplostethus atlanticus Collett 1889. Trachichthyidae. Habitat: marine.

tenebricus, Hoplostethus Kotlyar [A. N.] 1980:203, Figs. 16-17, 18a [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 110; ref. 8322] Delagoa Bay, Mozambique, 26°46'S, 33°44'E, depth 885-825 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMMU P-14509. Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:76 [ref. 25714], Fricke et al. 2018:111 [ref. 35805]. •Valid as Hoplostethus tenebricus Kotlyar 1980 -- (Kotlyar 1986:136 [ref. 6004], Heemstra 1986:412 [ref. 5660], Kotlyar 1993:195 [ref. 21209], Kotlyar 1996:171 [ref. 23292], Fricke et al. 2018:111 [ref. 35805], Su et al. 2024:9 [ref. 41668]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus tenebricus Kotlyar 1980. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: Mozambique to Madagascar. Habitat: marine.

trunovi, Hoplostethus mediterraneus Kotlyar [A. N.] 1986:111, Fig. 4 [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 121; ref. 6004] Western Indian Ocean, Madagascar Ridge, 33°08'S, 44°15'E, depth 870-888 meters. Holotype: ZMMU P-16471(1 of 5). Paratypes: VNIRO (?20); ZMMU P-14512 (1, not a type), P-16471 (4). Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:75 [ref. 25714]. •Synonym of Hoplostethus mediterraneus Cuvier 1829, but a valid subspecies trunovi Kotlyar 1986 as described -- (Kotlyar 1993:193 [ref. 21209], Kotlyar 1996:137 [ref. 23292], Moore 2016:2191 [ref. 34570]). Current status: Synonym of Hoplostethus mediterraneus Cuvier 1829. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: Madagascar Ridge. Habitat: marine.

vniro, Hoplostethus Kotlyar [A. N.] 1995:702, Fig. 1 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 35 (no. 5); ref. 22580] Southeastern Atlantic, 6°28'S, 11°08'04"E, depth 1050-1080 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMMU P-15074. Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:76 [ref. 25714]. •Valid as Hoplostethus vniro Kotlyar 1995 -- (Moore 2016:2192 [ref. 34570]). Current status: Valid as Hoplostethus vniro Kotlyar 1995. Trachichthyidae. Distribution: Southeast Atlantic. Habitat: marine.