Please look in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes for authorships of sections, Families of Fishes (all), and related information.

Species in the genus Hyphessobrycon: [ 164 ] records

acaciae, Hyphessobrycon García-Alzate [C. A.], Román-Valencia [C.] & Prada-Pedreros [S.] 2010:452, Figs. 5-7 [Caldasia v. 32 (no. 2); ref. 31066] Morichal del estero, Puerto López, Meta, ca. 4°04'N, 72°57'W, Colombia. Holotype: MPUJ 5683. Paratypes: many at IUQ, MPUJ. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon acaciae García-Alzate, Román-Valencia & Prada-Pedreros 2010 -- (García-Alzate et al. 2011:709 [ref. 31266], Carvalho & Langeani 2013:526 [ref. 32913], García-Alzate et al. 2015:222 [ref. 33855], Zarske 2016:114 [ref. 34774] as ariacae, García-Alzate et al. 2017:125 [ref. 35253], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:49 [ref. 35633], Urbano-Bonilla et al. 2018:87 [ref. 35773]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon acaciae García-Alzate, Román-Valencia & Prada-Pedreros 2010. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Orinoco River basin, Colombia. Habitat: freshwater.

agulha, Hyphessobrycon Fowler [H. W.] 1913:549, Fig. 15 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 65; ref. 1389] Madeira River, about 200 miles east of 62°20'W, Brazil. Holotype: ANSP 39232. Paratypes: ANSP 39233-83 (51), 39287 (1, c&s) 39284-86 (3, missing), 39288-89 (2, missing). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:42 [ref. 13621]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon agulha Fowler 1913 -- (Ortega & Vari 1986:8 [ref. 9708], Zarske & Géry 1998:25 [ref. 23983], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:134 [ref. 27061], Zarske & Géry 2004:36 [ref. 28039], García-Alzate et al. 2011:709 [ref. 31266], García-Alzate et al. 2013:860 [ref. 32692], Barriga Salazar 2014:107 [ref. 35745], Lima et al. 2014:177 [ref. 33535], Sarmiento et al. 2014:184 [ref. 35004], Ohara & Lima 2015:570 [ref. 33846], Zarske 2015:295 [ref. 34028], Marinho et al. 2016:247 [ref. 34376], Dagosta et al. 2016:258 [ref. 34377], Lima & Flausino 2016:94 [ref. 34408], Marinho et al. 2016:519 [ref. 34591], Zarske 2016:112 [ref. 34774], García-Alzate et al. 2017:126 [ref. 35253], Ohara et al. 2017:10 [ref. 35494], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:49 [ref. 35633], García-Alzate et al. 2020:[8] [ref. 37414], Faria et al. 2020:374 [ref. 37543], Meza-Vargas et al. 2021:18 [ref. 39298], Chuctaya et al. 2022:21 [ref. 42137], Faria et al. 2025:14 [ref. 42414]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon agulha Fowler 1913. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: western and central Amazon River basin (Brazil, Ecuador, Bolivia, Colombia and Peru). Habitat: freshwater.

albolineatum, Hyphessobrycon Fernández-Yépez [A.] 1950:17, Pl. 3 (fig. 3) [Novedades Cientificas, Contribuciones Ocasionales del Museo de Historia Natural La Salle, Serie Zoológica No. 2; ref. 1323] Río Autana, Venezuela. Holotype: AFY 48169. Paratypes: AFY 48234 (10). Holotype indicated in plate caption. Specific epithet probably proposed as a noun. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon albolineatum Fernández-Yépez 1950 -- (Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:134 [ref. 27061], Carvalho & Langeani 2013:526 [ref. 32913], García-Alzate et al. 2017:125 [ref. 35253], see DoNascimiento et al. 2017:[9] [ref. 35679], Lima et al. 2024:183 [ref. 40817]). •Possibly a synonym of Hemigrammus analis Durbin 1909 -- (Lima 2024:183 [ref. 40817]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon albolineatum Fernández-Yépez 1950. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Autana River drainage, ? Orinoco River basin, Venezuela and ? Colombia. Habitat: freshwater.

amandae, Hyphessobrycon Géry [J.] & Uj [A.] 1987:59, Figs. [Tropical Fish Hobbyist v. 35 (no. 5)(Jan.); ref. 8089] Rio das Mortes, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Holotype: MZUSP 37367 [ex Géry no. G.799.1]. Paratypes: MZUSP 37368 (2), MHNG uncat. (13, 3 c&s) Type catalog: Oyakawa 1996:467 [ref. 23140]. •Valid, placement uncertain -- (Weitzman & Palmer 1997:239 [ref. 22743]). •Valid as Hyphessobrycon amandae Géry & Uj 1987 -- (Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:134 [ref. 27061], Bertaco & Malabarba 2005:87 [ref. 28297], Dagosta et al. 2014:366 [ref. 33382], Bragança et al. 2015:260 [ref. 34051], Carvalho et al. 2017:9 [ref. 35509], Guimarães et al. 2018:82 [ref. 35965]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon amandae Géry & Uj 1987. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Araguaia River basin, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

amapaensis, Hyphessobrycon Zarske [A.] & Géry [J.] 1998:20, Figs. 1-3 [Zoologische Abhandlungen; Staatliches Museum für Tierkunde in Dresden v. 50 (no. 1); ref. 23983] Small savanna stream at the B156 road from Sitio Camaipi to Santa Clara, about 11 kilometers from Sitio Camaipi and about 11 kilometers from Sitio Camaipi, about 45 kilometers to the north of Macapa, Amapa State, Brazil. Holotype: MZUSP 52730. Paratypes: Géry coll. 1005.1-2 (2), MTD F 21447-56 (10), ZMB 32867-68 (2). Type catalog: Zarske 2003:17 [ref. 27474]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon amapaensis Zarske & Géry 1998 -- (Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:134 [ref. 27061], Zarske & Géry 2004:36 [ref. 28039], Lima et al. 2014:177 [ref. 33535], Moreira & Lima 2017:133 [ref. 35562], Faria et al. 2020:282 [ref. 37838], Faria et al. 2025:15 [ref. 42414]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon amapaensis Zarske & Géry 1998. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Amapa State, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

amaronensis, Hyphessobrycon García-Alzate [C. A.], Román-Valencia [C.] & Taphorn [D. C.] 2010:36, Figs. 1-3 [Brenesia No. 70; ref. 30724] Putumayo, 0°11°02'S, 74°53'14"W, Caño Amaron, tributary of Río Putumayo, Puerto Leguizama municipio, Departmento Amazonia, Colombia. Holotype: IUQ. Paratypes: AUM 50026 (10); IAVHP 11239 (6); IUQ 2162 (1), 2166 (95), 2287 (4, c&s). Type catalog: DoNascimiento et al. 2016:406 [ref. 34787]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon amaronensis García-Alzate, Román-Valencia & Taphorn 2010 -- (García-Alzate et al. 2011:709 [ref. 31266], García-Alzate et al. 2013:861 [ref. 32692], Carvalho & Langeani 2013:526 [ref. 32913], Barriga Salazar 2014:107 [ref. 35745] as amazonensis and dated 2008, García-Alzate et al. 2015:222 [ref. 33855], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:49 [ref. 35633]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon amaronensis García-Alzate, Román-Valencia & Taphorn 2010. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Amazon River basin, Colombia and Ecuador. Habitat: freshwater.

arianae, Hyphessobrycon Uj [A.] & Géry [J.] 1989:148, Figs. 2-4 [Revue Suisse de Zoologie v. 96 (no. 1); ref. 16287] Río Güyraugua, tributary of Río Monday, 3 kilometers east of Juan Frutos, Caaguazu, Paraguay. Holotype: MHNG 2412.79. Paratypes: MHNG 2412.80-81 (34, 4 c&s). Type catalog: Weber 1998:7 [ref. 32707]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon arianae Uj & Géry 1989 -- (Almirón & Casciotta 1999:345 [ref. 24405], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:134 [ref. 27061], Almirón et al. 2004:674 [ref. 27987], Carvalho & Langeani 2013:526 [ref. 32913], Koerber et al. 2017:40 [ref. 35267], Lima et al. 2024:183 [ref. 40817]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon arianae Uj & Géry 1989. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Paraná River basin, Paraguay. Habitat: freshwater.

atencioi, Hyphessobrycon Ardila Rodríguez [C. A.] 2022:7, Figs. 2A, 5A, 7A, 9A, 11B [Barranquilla, Departamento del Atlántico No. 80; ref. 39810] Quebrada Santa Cruz, afluente del Río Tigre, parte alta del Río Sinú, PNN- Paramillo, municipio de Tierralta, Departamento de Córdoba, Colombia. Holotype: CAR 966. Paratypes: CAR 487 (1). •Valid as Hyphessobrycon atencioi Ardila Rodríguez 2022. Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon atencioi Ardila Rodríguez 2022. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Río Tigre drainage, Río Sinú basin, Departamento de Córdoba, Colombia. Habitat: freshwater.

auca, Hyphessobrycon Almirón [A. E.], Casciotta [J. R.], Bechara [J. A.] & Ruíz Díaz [F. J.] 2004:674, Figs. 1-7 [Revue Suisse de Zoologie v. 111 (no. 3); ref. 27987] Pond in San Juán Poriahú farm, Esteros del Iberá, Corrientes, Argentina, 27°41'53"S, 57°12'17"W. Holotype: MACN 8647. Paratypes: AI 129 (6, 1 c&s); MLP 10455 [ex Al 130] (5); MHNG 2644.023 (4). Type catalog: Nadalin & López 2015:5 [ref. 34112]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon auca Almirón, Casciotta, Bechara & Ruíz Díaz 2004 -- (Miquelarena & López 2006:824 [ref. 29070], Almirón et al. 2006:895 [ref. 29163], Miquelarena & López 2010:5 [ref. 30749], Koerber 2011:3 [ref. 31122], Koerber 2014:5 [ref. 33621], Mirande & Koerber 2015:26 [ref. 35117]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon auca Almirón, Casciotta, Bechara & Ruíz Díaz 2004. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Esteros del Iberá wetlands, Argentina. Habitat: freshwater.

axelrodi, Aphyocharax Travassos [H.] 1959:6, Figs. 1-3 [Tropical Fish Hobbyist v. 7 (no. 7); ref. 12035] Near Piarco airport, Trinidad Island, West Indies. Holotype: MNRJ 9120. Paratypes: MNRJ 9121 (1), 9122-30 (9). Non-types: ?USNM 177553 (1, missing). Possible paratype was at USNM (see Vari & Howe 1991:5 [ref. 19022]). Appeared as name and figures in Axelrod 1959:3 [ref. 33314], unavailable. •Valid as Megalamphodus cf axelrodi Travassos 1959 -- (Taphorn 1992:230 [ref. 23654]). •Valid as Hyphessobrycon axelrodi (Travassos 1959) -- (Weitzman & Palmer 1997:234 [ref. 22743], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:134-135 [ref. 27061], Phillip et al. 2013:17 [ref. 32896], Dagosta et al. 2014:366 [ref. 33382], Conde-Saldaña et al. 2019:444 [ref. 36937] possibly in Pristella, Lima et al. 2021:345 [ref. 38293], Taphorn et al. 2022:16 [ref. 41297]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon axelrodi (Travassos 1959). Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Trinidad Island (Trinidad and Tobago), Guyana, Venezuela. Habitat: freshwater.

barranquilla, Hyphessobrycon Ardila Rodríguez [C. A.] 2022:7, Figs. 1-3, 5A, 6A, 7A, 8A, 9, 10A, 11A, 12-14 [Barranquilla, Departamento del Atlántico No. 76; ref. 39172] Arroyo Grande, afluente del río Magdalena, municipio de Ponedera, Departamento del Atlántico, Colombia, elevation 15 meters. Holotype: CAR 950. Paratypes: CAR 926 (22), ICN-MHN (4), Figs. 1-3 have CAR 959 as paratypes. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon barranquilla Ardila Rodríguez 2022 -- (Ardila Rodríguez 2022:15 [ref. 39810]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon barranquilla Ardila Rodríguez 2022. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Arroyo Grande drainage, Magdalena River basin, Departamento del Atlántico, Colombia. Habitat: freshwater.

bayleyi, Hyphessobrycon Lima [F. C. T.], Bastos [D. A.], Rapp Py-Daniel [L. H.] & Ota [R. P.] 2022:254, Figs. 1-4 [Zootaxa 5116 (no. 2); ref. 39116] Igarapé do Palhau, Ramal do Incra, Benjamin Constant, Amazonas, Brazil, 4°24'28"S, 70°1'24"W. Holotype: ZUEC 17121. Paratypes: ANSP, CAS, FMNH, ICNMHN, INPA, LBP, MCP, MCZ, MHNG, MNRJ, MUSM, UF, ZUEC. Plus additional non-type material. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon bayleyi Lima, Bastos, Rapp Py-Daniel & Ota 2022 -- (Lima et al. 2024:258 [ref. 41835]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon bayleyi Lima, Bastos, Rapp Py-Daniel & Ota 2022. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South Amercia: western Amazon basin, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. Habitat: freshwater.

bifasciatus, Hyphessobrycon Ellis [M. D.] 1911:156, Pls. 2 (fig. 4), 3 (fig. 1) [Annals of the Carnegie Museum v. 8 (no. 1, art. 2); ref. 1269] Rio Parahyba at Campos, Brazil. Holotype: FMNH 54404 [ex CM 3026]. Paratypes and non-types: (201) CAS 51790 [ex IU 13276] (5), CAS 51791 [ex IU 13284] (5), FMNH 15041-45 (1, 1, 1, 1, 1), 54302 (42), 54374 (22), 54405-10 (35, 2, 1, 2, 79, 13), 96014 (1, allotype). Type catalog: Henn 1928:65 [ref. 12305], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:48 [ref. 12367]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon bifasciatus Ellis 1911 -- (Malabarba 1989:134 [ref. 14217], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:135 [ref. 27061], López et al. 2003:26 [ref. 27366], Menni 2004:77 [ref. 28131], Miquelarena & López 2010:5 [ref. 30749], Mirande 2010:514 [ref. 31006], Zanata & Camelier 2010:776 [ref. 31077], Zarske 2011:10 [ref. 31376], Di Dario et al. 2013:262 [ref. 37503], Ingenito et al. 2013:42 [ref. 32568], Teixeira et al. 2014:613 [ref. 33097], Carvalho et al. 2014:248 [ref. 33371], Litz & Koerber 2014:15 [ref. 33622], Bragança et al. 2015:260 [ref. 34051], Mirande & Koerber 2015:26 [ref. 35117], Teixeira et al. 2016:474 [ref. 34088], Pastana & Ohara 2016:396 [ref. 34716], Petry et al. 2016:302 [ref. 34966], Nión et al. 2016:30 [ref. 35565], Zanata et al. 2018:[11] [ref. 35863], Guimarães et al. 2018:82 [ref. 35965], Ota et al. 2020:432 [ref. 37391], dos Reis et al. 2020:459 [ref. 38364], Silva et al. 2020:6 [ref. 37809], Silva-Sene et al. 2024:3 [ref. 41784], Vieira-Guimarães et al. 2024:38 [ref. 41258]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon bifasciatus Ellis 1911. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: coastal river drainages from Espírito Santo to Rio Grande do Sul States and upper Paraná River basin (Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay). Habitat: freshwater.

borealis, Hyphessobrycon Zarske [A.], Le Bail [P.-Y.] & Géry [J.] 2006:25, Figs. 7-10 [Zoologische Abhandlungen, Staatliche Naturhistorische Sammlungen Dresden, Museum für Tierkunde. v. 55; ref. 28749] Crique St. Anne, Mana, French Guiana. Holotype: MNHN 2006-0787. Paratypes: Géry coll. (7) and (4); IRSNB 837-866 (30), 20947 (6); MNHN 2006-0788 (30), 2006-0789 (3); MTD F 28805-28814 (10), 28843-28852 (10). •Valid as Hyphessobrycon borealis Zarske, Le Bail & Géry 2006 -- (Borstein et al. 2022:16 [ref. 39507]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon borealis Zarske, Le Bail & Géry 2006. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: French Guiana and Suriname. Habitat: freshwater.

boulengeri, Hemigrammus Eigenmann [C. H.] in Eigenmann & Ogle 1907:15 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 33 (no. 1556); ref. 1266] Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Holotype (unique): CAS 44379 [ex IU 11073]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon boulengeri (Eigenmann 1907) -- (Malabarba 1989:134 [ref. 14217], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:135 [ref. 27061], Bertaco & Malabarba 2005:86 [ref. 28297], Bertaco et al. 2007:248 [ref. 29277], Carvalho & Langeani 2013:526 [ref. 32913], Litz & Koerber 2014:15 [ref. 33622], Teixeira et al. 2016:474 [ref. 34088], Bertaco et al. 2016:413 [ref. 34561], Petry et al. 2016:302 [ref. 34966], Nión et al. 2016:30 [ref. 35565] dated 1918 without parentheses, dos Reis et al. 2020:459 [ref. 38364], Giora & Wingert 2023:134 [ref. 41026], Loureiro et al. 2023:78 [ref. 40506]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon boulengeri (Eigenmann 1907). Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: coastal river drainages of Rio Grande do Sul State (Brazil and Uruguay). Habitat: freshwater.

brumado, Hyphessobrycon Zanata [A. M.] & Camelier [P.] 2010:772, Figs. 1-4 [Neotropical Ichthyology v. 8 (no. 4); ref. 31077] Rio Brumado, at Ponte do Coronel, rio de Contas drainage, 13°29'37.0"S, 41°52'0.6"W, Rio de Contas Municipality, Bahia, Brazil. Holotype: MZUSP 101246. Paratypes: MZUSP 105730 (5); UFBA 4340 (13, 1 c&s), 4341 (22, 2 c&s). •Valid as Hyphessobrycon brumado Zanata & Camelier 2010 -- (Carvalho & Langeani 2013:526 [ref. 32913], Dagosta et al. 2014:366 [ref. 33382], Marinho et al. 2016:519 [ref. 34591], Silva et al. 2020:6 [ref. 37809], Vieira-Guimarães et al. 2024:38 [ref. 41258]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon brumado Zanata & Camelier 2010. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Rio Brumado, tributary of the rio Contas (eastern Brazil). Habitat: freshwater.

bussingi, Hyphessobrycon Ota [R. R.], Carvalho [F. R.] & Pavanelli [C. S.] 2020:403, Figs. 1-3, 5a, 6a [Zootaxa 4751 (no. 3); ref. 37391] Río Cocolis, 3.5 km southeast of Shiroles, on road Bratsi-Shiroles, Limón, Costa Rica, 09°34'05"N, 82°56'4.92"W. Holotype: UCR 3302-001. Paratypes: MZUSP, NUP, UCR. Plus additional non-type material. Type catalog: Oliveira et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39255]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon bussingi Ota, Carvalho & Pavanelli 2020 -- (Elías et al. 2023:3 [ref. 39863]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon bussingi Ota, Carvalho & Pavanelli 2020. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Sixaola River basin, Atlantic coast (Costa Rica), and Changuinola, Guarumo and San San River basins (Panama). Habitat: freshwater.

cachimbensis, Hyphessobrycon Travassos [H.] 1964:542, Fig. 5 [Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências v. 36 (no. 4); ref. 3712] Rio Cachimbo, Cachimbo, Aeroporto da FAB, 9°22'S, 54°05'W, Pará, Brazil. Holotype: MNRJ 9196. Paratypes: MNRJ 9197-98 (1, 1). •Valid as Hyphessobrycon cachimbensis Travassos 1964 -- (Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:135 [ref. 27061], Zarske & Géry 2004:36 [ref. 28039], Zarske & Géry 2006:47 [ref. 28750], Marinho et al. 2014:263 [ref. 33372], Lima et al. 2014:177 [ref. 33535] as aff. cachimbensis, Dagosta et al. 2016:258 [ref. 34377], Pastana & Ohara 2016:396 [ref. 34716], Ohara et al. 2017:248 [ref. 35067], Dagosta et al. 2022:11 [ref. 39143], Lima et al. 2024:185 [ref. 40817], Marinho & Dagosta 2024:4 [ref. 41147]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon cachimbensis Travassos 1964. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Iriri and Teles Pires River drainages, upper Tapajós and Xingu River basins, Serra do Cachimbo, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

cantoi, Hyphessobrycon Faria [T. C.], Guimarães [K. L. A.], Rodrigues [L. R. R.], Oliveira [C.] & Lima [F. C. T.] 2021:5, Figs. 1-2, 5A [Neotropical Ichthyology v. 19 (no. 1): e200102; ref. 38179] Stream tributary of Lago Verde, lower rio Tapajós basin, Santarém, Pará State, Brazil, 02°31'19"S, 54°54'58"W. Holotype: ZUEC 17228. Paratypes: ANSP, FMNH, INPA, LBP, MPEG, UF, UFOPA, ZUEC. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon cantoi Faria, Guimarães, Rodrigues, Oliveira & Lima 2021. Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon cantoi Faria, Guimarães, Rodrigues, Oliveira & Lima 2021. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: lower Tapajós River drainage and nearby streams, lower Amazon basin, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

caru, Hyphessobrycon Guimarães [E. C.], Brito [P. S. de], Feitosa [L. M.], Carvalho-Costa [L. F.] & Ottoni [F. P.] 2019:350, Figs. 1, 2a, 3 [Zoosystematics and Evolution v. 95 (no. 2); ref. 36774] Buritizinho River, Pindaré River drainage, Mearim River basin, Buriticupu municipality, Maranhão State, Brazil, 04°22'52"S, 46°30'35"W, Holotype: CICCAA 02286. Paratypes: CICCAA, LIOP.UFAM, UFRJ. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon caru Guimarães, Brito, Feitosa, Carvalho-Costa & Ottoni 2019 -- (Guimarães et al. 2020:106 [ref. 37899], Koerber et al. 2022:33 [ref. 39235]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon caru Guimarães, Brito, Feitosa, Carvalho-Costa & Ottoni 2019. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: upper Pindaré River drainage (Maranhão State, Brazil). Habitat: freshwater.

catablepta, Dermatocheir Durbin [M. L.] 1909:55 [Annals of the Carnegie Museum v. 6 (no. 1); ref. 1166] Tumatumari, above the falls, Guyana. Holotype (unique): FMNH 53553 [ex CM 1198]. Type catalog: Henn 1928:64 [ref. 12305], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:31 [ref. 12367]. •Species inquirenda -- (Toledo-Piza et al. 2024:287 [ref. 40817]). •Valid as Hyphessobrycon catableptus (Durbin 1909) -- (Moreira et al. 2002:79 [ref. 26068], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:135 [ref. 27061], Taphorn et al. 2022:16 [ref. 41297]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon catableptus (Durbin 1909). Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Tumatumari (Guyana) endemic. Habitat: freshwater.

chiribiquete, Hyphessobrycon García-Alzate [C. A.], Lima [F. C. T.], Taphorn [D. C.], Mojica [J. I.], Urbano-Bonilla [A.] & Teixeira [T. F.] 2020:1445, Figs. 1-5 [Journal of Fish Biology v. 96 (no. 6); ref. 37414] Small stream tributary of the Río Tunia, Apaporis-Japurá-Amazon River basin, Serranía de Chiribiquete, Chiribiquete National Natural Park, Departamento del Caquetá, Colombia, 01°29'23.3"N, 72°52'35.1"W, elevation 246 meters. Holotype: ICN-MHN 21678. Paratypes: CZUT-IC, IAVHP, ICN-MNH, MPUJ, UARC-IC. Plus additional non-type material. Also appeared in early online view, 12 Mar. 2020, p. [2], without ZooBank registration; dated to printed version that appeared on 24 June 2020. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon chiribiquete García-Alzate, Lima, Taphorn, Mojica, Urbano-Bonilla & Teixeira 2020 -- (Meza-Vargas et al. 2021:18 [ref. 39298], Chuctaya et al. 2022:21 [ref. 42137], Marinho & Dagosta 2024:16 [ref. 41147], Lima et al. 2025:56 [ref. 41921]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon chiribiquete García-Alzate, Lima, Taphorn, Mojica, Urbano-Bonilla & Teixeira 2020. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: middle Caquetá and middle and lower Ucayali River drainages, western Amazon basin (Colombia and Peru). Habitat: freshwater.

chocoensis, Hyphessobrycon García-Alzate [C. A.], Román-Valencia [C.] & Taphorn [D. C.] 2013:184, Figs. 1-3 [Revista de Biología Tropical v. 61 (no. 1); ref. 32440] Nariño, Barbacoas, Quebrada la Tundera afluente del río Quigualpí, 1°39'39"N, 78°09'04"W, Colombia, elevation 45 meters. Holotype: IUQ 3035. Paratypes: AUM 55075 (3); IUQ 2274 (39), 2275 (9), 3036 (1, c&s), 3044 (3, c&s). •Valid as Hyphessobrycon chocoensis García-Alzate, Román-Valencia & Taphorn 2013 -- (Carvalho et al. 2014:248 [ref. 33371], García-Alzate et al. 2015:222 [ref. 33855], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:49 [ref. 35633]). •Synonym of Hyphessobrycon daguae Eigenmann 1922 -- (Ota et al. 2020:415 [ref. 37391]). Current status: Synonym of Hyphessobrycon daguae Eigenmann 1922. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Habitat: freshwater.

citrus, Hyphessobrycon Marinho [M. M. F.] & Dagosta [F. C. P.] 2024:11, Figs. 6-8 [Neotropical Ichthyology v. 22 (no. 2): e230127; ref. 41147] Tributary of rio Braço Norte at bridge on BR-163 road, near FAB military base, rio Teles Pires drainage, Tapajós basin, Novo Progresso, Pará State, Brazil, 09°28'20"S, 54°52'11"W. Holotype: MZUSP 128236. Paratypes: INPA, MCP, MUBIO, MZICT, MZUEL, MZUSP. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon citrus Marinho & Dagosta 2024. Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon citrus Marinho & Dagosta 2024. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Teles Pires River drainage, Tapajós River basin, Serra do Cachimbo, Pará State, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

clavatus, Hyphessobrycon Zarske [A.] 2015:290, Figs. 3-8 [Vertebrate Zoology v. 65 (no. 3); ref. 34028] Peru (aquarium import). Holotype: MTD F33358. Paratypes: MTD. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon clavatus Zarske 2015 -- (Zarske 2016:112 [ref. 34774]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon clavatus Zarske 2015. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: western Amazon River basin (?), Peru. Habitat: freshwater.

coelestinus, Hyphessobrycon Myers [G. S.] in Eigenmann & Myers 1929:535 [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 43 (pt 5); ref. 1263] Lagoa Bonita, into São Bartholomeu, Goiás State, Brazil. Holotype: CAS 60476 [ex IU 17665]. Paratypes: CAS 57602 [ex IU 17666] (15). •Valid as Hyphessobrycon coelestinus Myers 1929 -- (Zarske & Géry 1997:310 [ref. 23715], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:135 [ref. 27061], Zarske & Géry 2004:36 [ref. 28039], Zarske & Géry 2006:47 [ref. 28750], García-Alzate et al. 2008:48 [ref. 29671], Carvalho & Langeani 2013:526 [ref. 32913], Marinho et al. 2014:263 [ref. 33372], Marinho et al. 2016:519 [ref. 34591]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon coelestinus Myers 1929. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Upper Paraná River basin, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

columbianus, Hyphessobrycon Zarske [A.] & Géry [J.] 2002:23, Figs. 1-2, 8 [Das Aquarium, Monatsmagazin für Vivaristik v. 36 (no. 391); ref. 25832] Darien, small stream about 6 kilometers downstream from Acandi, entry of the Rio Acandi, Colombia, Atlantic coast. Holotype: MTD F 25497. Paratypes: MTD F 25498 (1). Plus additional non-type material. Type catalog: Zarske 2003:17 [ref. 27474]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon columbianus Zarske & Géry 2002 -- (Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:135 [ref. 27061], García-Alzate et al. 2010:55 [ref. 30716], García-Alzate et al. 2011:709 [ref. 31266], García-Alzate et al. 2013:189 [ref. 32440], Carvalho et al. 2014:248 [ref. 33371], García-Alzate et al. 2015:222 [ref. 33855], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:49 [ref. 35633], Ota et al. 2020:408 [ref. 37391], Elías et al. 2023:3 [ref. 39863]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon columbianus Zarske & Géry 2002. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Acandi River drainage (Caribbean slope of Colombia) and drainages in San Blas province (southeast Panama). Habitat: freshwater.

comodoro, Hyphessobrycon Dagosta [F. C. P.], Seren [T. J.], Ferreira [A.] & Marinho [M. M. F.] 2022:3, Figs. 1-2 [Neotropical Ichthyology v. 20 (no. 1): e210119; ref. 39143] Lagoon at tributary of the rio Mutum, formed due to the construction of a road, tributary of rio Camararé, upper rio Juruena basin, rio Tapajós basin, Municipality of Comodoro, Mato Grosso State, Brazil, 13°12'47.6"S, 59°54'13.8"W, elevation 567 meters. Holotype: MZUSP 125904. Paratypes: INPA, MZUSP, UFPB. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon comodoro Dagosta, Seren, Ferreira & Marinho 2022 -- (Marinho & Dagosta 2024:16 [ref. 41147]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon comodoro Dagosta, Seren, Ferreira & Marinho 2022. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Mutum River drainage, upper Juruena River basin, Mato Grosso State, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

compressus, Hemigrammus Meek [S. E.] 1904:87, Fig. 25 [Field Columbian Museum, Zoölogical Series v. 5; ref. 2958] Río Papaloapam basin at El Hule, Oaxaca, Mexico. Holotype: FMNH 4641. Paratypes: BMNH 1905.12.6.4-5 (2); FMNH 4642 (17), 4662 (11) 105930 [ex FMNH 4642] (2); MCZ 29911 [ex IU 11126] (2); MHNG 2181.076 (1) [ex FMNH]; USNM 55728 [ex FMNH] (2). Type catalog: Ibarra & Stewart 1987:44 [ref. 12367], Vari & Howe 1991:24 [ref. 19022]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon compressus (Meek 1904) -- (Gamboa Pérez 1992:318 [ref. 38704], Espinosa Pérez et al. 1993:25 [ref. 22290], Greenfield & Thomerson 1997:77 [ref. 22947], Weitzman & Palmer 1997:225 [ref. 22743], Zarske & Géry 1997:310 [ref. 23715], Almirón & Casciotta 1999:344 [ref. 24405], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:135 [ref. 27061], Nelson et al. 2004:81 [ref. 27807], Miller et al. 2006:157 [ref. 28615], García-Alzate et al. 2008:48 [ref. 29671], García-Alzate & Román-Valencia 2008:13 [ref. 30008], Malabarba et al. 2012:49 [ref. 31810], García-Alzate et al. 2013:183 [ref. 32440], García-Alzate et al. 2013:861 [ref. 32692], Page et al. 2013:81 [ref. 32708], Dagosta et al. 2014:366 [ref. 33382], Barrientos et al. 2015:4 [ref. 37653], Carvalho & Malabarba 2015:514 [ref. 34032], García-Alzate et al. 2017:126 [ref. 35253], Pastana et al. 2017:13 [ref. 35596], Guimarães et al. 2019:351 [ref. 36774], Guimarães et al. 2020:106 [ref. 37899], Lima et al. 2022:263 [ref. 39116], Barrientos et al. 2023:271 [ref. 41235], Elías et al. 2023:3 [ref. 39863], Page et al. 2023:77 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:185 [ref. 41622], Quintana 2024:5 [ref. 41186]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon compressus (Meek 1904). Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Southern North America and central America: Atlantic slope rivers and streams (southern Mexico, Belize and Guatemala). Habitat: freshwater.

condotensis, Hyphessobrycon Regan [C. T.] 1913:465 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 8) v. 12 (no. 71); ref. 3656] Río Condoto and Río San Juan, Chocó, Colombia. Lectotype: BMNH 1913.10.1.19. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1913.10.1.20-21 (2). Lectotype selected by Ota et al. 2020:415 [ref. 37391]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon condotensis Regan 1913 -- (Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:135 [ref. 27061], García-Alzate et al. 2010:55 [ref. 30716], García-Alzate et al. 2011:709 [ref. 31266], García-Alzate et al. 2013:188 [ref. 32440], Carvalho et al. 2014:248 [ref. 33371], García-Alzate et al. 2015:222 [ref. 33855], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:49 [ref. 35633], Ota et al. 2020:412 [ref. 37391], Ardila Rodríguez 2022:7 [ref. 39172], Ardila Rodríguez 2022:15 [ref. 39810], Elías et al. 2023:3 [ref. 39863]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon condotensis Regan 1913. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Atrato, Baudó, lower Magdalena and San Juan River basins (Pacific Slope of Colombia). Habitat: freshwater.

corozalensis, Hyphessobrycon Ardila Rodríguez [C. A.] 2022:10, Figs. 2B, 5C, 7C, 10A, 12A [Barranquilla, Departamento del Atlántico No. 80; ref. 39810] Parte baja del Arroyo Grande de Corozal, Santiago, Municipio de San Benito Abad, Departamento de Sucre, Colombia, elevation 142 meters. Holotype: CAR 965. Paratypes: CAR 925 (17). •Valid as Hyphessobrycon corozalensis Ardila Rodríguez 2022. Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon corozalensis Ardila Rodríguez 2022. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Arroyo Grande de Corozal drainage, Departamento de Sucre, Colombia. Habitat: freshwater.

cyanotaenia, Hyphessobrycon Zarske [A.] & Géry [J.] 2006:43, Figs. 14-16 [Zoologische Abhandlungen, Staatliche Naturhistorische Sammlungen Dresden, Museum für Tierkunde. v. 55; ref. 28750] Rio Guamá, Para, Brazil (aquarium import). Probably upper Rio Juruena or Rio Guaporé, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Holotype: MTD F 28760. Paratypes: Géry coll. (2); MTD F 28761-62 (2), 28763-64 (2). •Valid as Hyphessobrycon cyanotaenia Zarske & Géry 2006 -- (Carvalho & Langeani 2013:526 [ref. 32913], Teixeira et al. 2014:613 [ref. 33097], Dagosta et al. 2016:254 [ref. 34377], Marinho et al. 2016:519 [ref. 34591], Ohara et al. 2017:249 [ref. 35067], Dagosta et al. 2022:11 [ref. 39143], Marinho & Dagosta 2023:6 [ref. 40358], Lima et al. 2024:187 [ref. 40817], Marinho & Dagosta 2024:16 [ref. 41147], Lima et al. 2025:56 [ref. 41921]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon cyanotaenia Zarske & Géry 2006. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: upper Juruena and upper Guaporé River drainages, western Amazon basin, Mato Grosso State, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

daguae, Hyphessobrycon panamensis var. Eigenmann [C. H.] (ex Hildebrand) 1922:141 [Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum v. 9 (no. 1); ref. 1243] Dagua and Patía basins, Colombia. Lectotype: FMNH 58316. Paralectotypes: (8) FMNH 56516 (1), 56526-29 (6), 144330 [ex 58316] (1). Type catalog: Ibarra & Stewart 1987:48 [ref. 12367]. Lectotype selected by Ota et al. 2020:401 [ref. 37391]. •Synonym of Hyphessobrycon panamensis Durbin 1908 -- (Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:139 [ref. 27061]). •Valid as Hyphessobrycon daguae Eigenmann 1922 -- (Ota et al. 2020:415 [ref. 37391], Elías et al. 2023:3 [ref. 39863], Griesbaum et al. 2025:3 [ref. 42462]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon daguae Eigenmann 1922. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Dagua, Patía, Telembí and Mira River basins, Colombia and Mira, Cayapas, Mataje and Santiago River basins (Ecuador). IUCN (2025): Not Assessed. Habitat: freshwater.

delimai, Hyphessobrycon Teixeira [T. F.], Netto-Ferreira [A. L.], Birindelli [J. L. O.] & Sousa [L. M. de] 2016:460, Figs. 1, 2, 3a, 4 [Journal of Fish Biology v. 88 (no. 2); ref. 34088] Igarapé Tatu, tributary of Rio Novo, Rio Tapajós basin, Pará, Brazil, 6°18'24.8"S, 55°46'38.0"W. Holotype: MZUSP 115065. Paratypes: ANSP, INPA, MCNIP, MZUEL, MZUSP, ZUEC. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon delimai Teixeira, Netto-Ferreira, Birindelli & Sousa 2016. Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon delimai Teixeira, Netto-Ferreira, Birindelli & Sousa 2016. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Rio Novo and Rio Jamanxin, Rio Tapajós basin, Pará, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

diancistrus, Hyphessobrycon Weitzman [S. H.] 1977:349, Figs. 1-3, 6 [Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington v. 90 (no. 2); ref. 7295] Río Vichada, Vichada, ca. 4°14'N, 70°20'W, 50 kilometers west of San José de Ocuné, Colombia. Holotype: USNM 216607. Paratypes: BMNH 1977.1.12.1-2 (2), MZUSP 13179-80 (2), USNM 216606 (2, 1 c&s). Type catalog: Vari & Howe 1991:26 [ref. 19022], Oyakawa 1996:467 [ref. 23140]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon diancistrus Weitzman 1977 -- (Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:135 [ref. 27061], Benine & Lopes 2008:67 [ref. 29589], García-Alzate et al. 2008:48 [ref. 29671], García-Alzate et al. 2008:142 [ref. 29919], García-Alzate & Román-Valencia 2008:13 [ref. 30008], García-Alzate et al. 2010:39 [ref. 30724], García-Alzate et al. 2010:55 [ref. 30716], García-Alzate et al.2010:801 [ref. 30824], García-Alzate et al. 2010:455 [ref. 31066], García-Alzate et al. 2011:709 [ref. 31266], Dagosta et al. 2014:366 [ref. 33382], Lima et al. 2014:177 [ref. 33535], García-Alzate et al. 2015:223 [ref. 33855], Bragança et al. 2015:260 [ref. 34051], García-Alzate et al. 2017:125 [ref. 35253], Ohara et al. 2017:10 [ref. 35494], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:49 [ref. 35633], Urbano-Bonilla et al. 2018:87 [ref. 35773], Guimarães et al. 2018:82 [ref. 35965], Ota et al. 2020:432 [ref. 37391], Lima et al. 2022:263 [ref. 39116], Lima et al. 2024:256 [ref. 41835]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon diancistrus Weitzman 1977. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: upper Orinoco and western Amazon River basins: Brazil, Colombia and Venezuela. Habitat: freshwater.

dorsalis, Hyphessobrycon Zarske [A.] 2014:162, Figs. 21-23 [Vertebrate Zoology v. 64 (no. 2); ref. 33403] Manaus (aquarium import), Brazil. Holotype: MTD F 33119. Paratypes: MTD F 33120-28 (9), 33172-83 (12). •Valid as Hyphessobrycon dorsalis Zarske 2014 -- (Ohara et al. 2017:10 [ref. 35494], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:49 [ref. 35633], Urbano-Bonilla et al. 2018:86 [ref. 35773], Lima et al. 2024:188 [ref. 40817]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon dorsalis Zarske 2014. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Amazon River basin: Brazil and Colombia. Habitat: freshwater.

duragenys, Hyphessobrycon Ellis [M. D.] 1911:155, Pl. 2 (fig. 3) [Annals of the Carnegie Museum v. 8 (no. 1, art. 2); ref. 1269] Rio Tietê at Mogy das Cruces, Brazil. Holotype: FMNH [ex CM 3023] (missing). Paratypes: (14) CAS 51792 [ex IU 13293 & CM 3024] (2), FMNH 54402-03 (5, 9). Type catalog: Henn 1928:65 [ref. 12305], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:48 [ref. 12367]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon duragenys Ellis 1911 -- (Almirón & Casciotta 1999:344 [ref. 24405], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:135 [ref. 27061], Carvalho & Langeani 2013:526 [ref. 32913], Carvalho et al. 2014:247 [ref. 33371], Teixeira et al. 2016:474 [ref. 34088]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon duragenys Ellis 1911. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Upper Tietê and Paraíba do Sul River basins, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

ecuadorensis, Megalamphodus Eigenmann [C. H.] 1915:99 [Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum v. 7 (no. 1); ref. 1231] Maranjito, Río Chan Chan, Ecuador. Holotype (unique): CAS [ex IU 13628] (missing). Apparently not the same as Hyphessobrycon ecuadoriensis Eigenmann & Henn 1914. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon ecuadorensis (Eigenmann 1915) -- (Ovchynnyk 1967:29 [ref. 37559], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:135-136 [ref. 27061], ?García-Alzate et al. 2010:55 [ref. 30716], ?García-Alzate et al. 2011:709 [ref. 31266], Barriga Salazar 2014:107 [ref. 35745], ?García-Alzate et al. 2013:184 [ref. 32440], García-Alzate et al. 2015:223 [ref. 33855], Elías et al. 2023:3 [ref. 39863]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon ecuadorensis (Eigenmann 1915). Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Guyanas River basin (Ecuador and Colombia). Habitat: freshwater.

ecuadoriensis, Hyphessobrycon Eigenmann [C. H.] & Henn [A. W.] in Eigenmann, Henn & Wilson 1914:9 [Indiana University Studies No. 19; ref. 1259] Los Ríos, forest pool near Vinces, western Ecuador (ca. 1°33'S, 79°44'W). Holotype: CAS 61602 [ex IU 13105a]. Paratypes: AMNH 5329 (18); BMNH 1924.3.3.44-45 (2); CAS 32454 [ex IU 13105] (1853); FMNH 10290-313 (total 23), 56601 (83); MCZ 30951 (29); MNHN 1980-1439 [ex CAS 13105] (1); CAS-SU 22776 (17); UMMZ 160151 (16); ZMA 113819 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:24 [ref. 12291], Nijssen et al. 1982:19 [ref. 19236], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:48 [ref. 12367]. Apparently not the same as Megalamphodus ecuadorensis Eigenmann 1915. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon ecuadoriensis Eigenmann & Henn 1914 -- (Weitzman & Palmer 1997:231 [ref. 22743], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:136 [ref. 27061], Jiménez-Prado et al. 2015:139 [ref. 34894], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:[9] [ref. 35679], Ota et al. 2020:432 [ref. 37391]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon ecuadoriensis Eigenmann & Henn 1914. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Ecuador. Habitat: freshwater.

eilyos, Hyphessobrycon Lima [F. C. T.] & Moreira [C. R.] 2003:25, Figs. 6-7 [Neotropical Ichthyology v. 1 (no. 1); ref. 27320] Ribeirão do Sapo, kilometer 464.04 of Ferronorte railroad, 17°31'11"S, 53°15'33"W, município de Alto Araguaia, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Holotype: MZUSP 75126. Paratypes: MCZ 162371 (5); MNRJ 24781 (5); MZUSP 41406 (179, 5 c&s), 73344 (11), 73363 (1); USNM 371923 (5). •Valid as Hyphessobrycon eilyos Lima & Moreira 2003 -- (Bertaco & Malabarba 2005:87 [ref. 28297], Carvalho & Langeani 2013:526 [ref. 32913], Dagosta et al. 2014:366 [ref. 33382]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon eilyos Lima & Moreira 2003. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Upper Araguaia River basin, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

elachys, Hyphessobrycon Weitzman [M. J.] 1985:800, Figs. 1-5 [Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington v. 98 (no. 4); ref. 8125] Río Aguaray-guazu system, 3 kilometers northeast of Lima, San Pedro Dept., Paraguay, 23°55'S, 56°29'W. Holotype: USNM 232393. Paratypes: ANSP 153539 (2); BMNH 1984.12.21.2-3 (2); CAS 56018 (2); MNHNP (2); MZUSP 28655 (4); UMMZ 206595 (26 or 32), 212725 (16); USNM 232381 (1), 268474 (79). Type catalog: Vari & Howe 1991:26 [ref. 19022] but they did not list USNM 232381, Oyakawa 1996:468 [ref. 23140]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon elachys Weitzman 1985 -- (Weitzman et al. 1986:342 [ref. 5984], Géry & Römer 1997:70 [ref. 23712], Gómez & Chebez 1996:50 [ref. 23791], Britski et al. 1999:41 [ref. 24147], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:136 [ref. 27061], López et al. 2003:27 [ref. 27366], Lucena 2003:95 [ref. 27437], Casciotta et al. 2003:101 [ref. 28130], Menni 2004:77 [ref. 28131], Almirón et al. 2004:674 [ref. 27987], Almirón et al. 2006:895 [ref. 29163], Mirande 2010:511 [ref. 31006], Ingenito et al. 2013:38 [ref. 32568], Carvalho & Langeani 2013:526 [ref. 32913], Sarmiento et al. 2014:184 [ref. 35004], Mirande & Koerber 2015:26 [ref. 35117], Teixeira et al. 2016:474 [ref. 34088], Pastana & Ohara 2016:396 [ref. 34716], Ohara et al. 2017:11 [ref. 35144], Koerber et al. 2017:40 [ref. 35267], Dickens 2019:163 [ref. 37135]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon elachys Weitzman 1985. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Paraguay River basin (Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia and Paraguay). Habitat: freshwater.

ellisae, Hyphessobrycon Bragança [P. H. N.], Ottoni [F. P.] & Rangel-Pereira [F. S.] 2015:256, Figs. 1-3 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 26 (no. 3); ref. 34051] Coastal Piauí river basin, Sergipe State, northeastern Brazil, 11°15'S, 37°16'W. Holotype: UFRJ 5281. Paratypes: UFRJ. •Permanently invalid, preoccupied by Hyphessobrycon ellisae Pearson 1924. •In the synonymy of Hyphessobrycon sergipanus Bragança, Ottoni & Rangel-Pereira 2016 -- (Bragança et al. 2016:373 [ref. 34918]). •Synonym of Hyphessobrycon itaparicensis Lima & Costa 2001 -- (Zanata et al. 2018:[2] [ref. 35863]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Hyphessobrycon itaparicensis Lima & Costa 2001. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Habitat: freshwater.

eos, Hyphessobrycon Durbin [M. L.] 1909:69 [Annals of the Carnegie Museum v. 6 (no. 1); ref. 1166] Creek between Potaro Landing and Kangaruma, Guyana. Holotype: FMNH 52795 [ex CM 1194]. Paratypes: (67, ex CM and IU) BMNH 1911.10.31.412 (1), .413-414 (2); CAS 60401 [ex IU 11770] (5), 61605 [ex IU 11771] (10); FMNH 7353-54 (0, 2), 52796-97 (10, 5), 69689 (6); MCZ 30036-37 (1, 2); CAS-SU 21920-21 (1, 2); USNM 66195-96 (1, 1), 165449 (1); ZMA 100983 (1), 101031 (1). Type catalog: Henn 1928:65 [ref. 12305], Böhlke 1953:24 [ref. 12291], Nijssen et al. 1982:20 [ref. 19236], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:48 [ref. 12367], Vari & Howe 1991:26 [ref. 19022]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon eos Durbin 1909 -- (Zarske & Géry 1997:310 [ref. 23715], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:136 [ref. 27061], Carvalho & Langeani 2013:526 [ref. 32913], Teixeira et al. 2016:474 [ref. 34088], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:[9] [ref. 35679], Taphorn et al. 2022:16 [ref. 41297]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon eos Durbin 1909. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Guyana endemic. Habitat: freshwater.

ericae, Hyphessobrycon Moreira [C. R.] & Lima [F. C. T.] 2017:124, Figs. 1-2 [Zootaxa 4318 (no. 1); ref. 35562] Igarapé do Almeidas, rio Trombetas basin, Almeidas plateau, Floresta Nacional Saracá-Taquera, Oriximiná, Pará, Brazil, 1°43'15''S, 56°25'3''W. Holotype: MNRJ 50000. Paratypes: INPA, MNRJ, MZUSP, ZUEC. Plus additional non-type material. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon ericae Moreira & Lima 2017 -- (Faria et al. 2020:374 [ref. 37543], Faria et al. 2020:282 [ref. 37838], Faria et al. 2021:11 [ref. 38179], Lima et al. 2025:10 [ref. 41903], Faria et al. 2025:15 [ref. 42414]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon ericae Moreira & Lima 2017. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: middle Amazon basin, Pará, Amazonas and Rondônia States, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

erythrophthalmus, Hemigrammus Ladiges [W.] 1931:249, Fig. 5 [Der Aquarienfisch- und Naturfreund v. 2 (no. 11); ref. 35796] Amazon. No types known. Also in Ladiges 1934:12 [ref. 20522]. Could date to an earlier work of C. Brüning. Senior synonym of Hyphessobrycon pulchripinnis Ahl 1937, but name not used as valid for the last 90 years. •Synonym of Hyphessobrycon pulchripinnis Ahl 1937 -- (Lima et al. 2024:199 [ref. 40817]). Nomen Oblitum. Current status: Synonym of Hyphessobrycon pulchripinnis Ahl 1937. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Habitat: freshwater.

eschwartzae, Hyphessobrycon García-Alzate [C. A.], Román-Valencia [C.] & Ortega [H.] 2013:865, Figs. 3-5 [Revista de Biología Tropical v. 61 (no. 2); ref. 32692] La Cachuela, Río Madre de Dios, Tambopata, Río das Dios, 12°16'38.2"S, 69°09'8.12"W, Peru. Holotype: MUSM 42392. Paratypes: Many at AUM, IUM, MUSM. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon eschwartzae García-Alzate, Román-Valencia & Ortega 2013 -- (Lima et al. 2014:177 [ref. 33535], García-Alzate et al. 2017:127 [ref. 35253], Ohara et al. 2017:10 [ref. 35494], Moreira & Lima 2017:133 [ref. 35562], Ohara et al. 2019:572 [ref. 37197], Faria et al. 2020:374 [ref. 37543]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon eschwartzae García-Alzate, Román-Valencia & Ortega 2013. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Rio Madeira basin, Peru and Bolivia. Habitat: freshwater.

fernandezi, Hyphessobrycon Fernández-Yépez [A.] 1972:20, Pl. 20 [Análisis ictiológico del complejo hidrográfico; ref. 19696] Quebrada Cupa, Yaracuy River drainage, Cerca a Aroa en la vía a Duaca, finca de Víctor Atria, Venezuela, 10°29'50"N, 68°52'20"W. Neotype: MBUCV-V 34105. Neotype designated by García-Alzate, Román-Valencia & Taphorn 2008:149 [ref. 29919]; originally a holotype and 61 paratypes (apparently lost) from Río Yaracuy drainage, Venezuela. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon fernandezi Fernández-Yépez 1972 -- (Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:136 [ref. 27061], García-Alzate et al. 2008:145 [ref. 29919], García-Alzate & Román-Valencia 2008:15 [ref. 30008], García-Alzate et al.2010:801 [ref. 30824], García-Alzate et al. 2013:861 [ref. 32692], Marinho et al. 2014:263 [ref. 33372], Lima et al. 2014:177 [ref. 33535], Dagosta et al. 2016:258 [ref. 34377], Ohara et al. 2017:249 [ref. 35067], García-Alzate et al. 2017:125 [ref. 35253]). •Synonym of Hyphessobrycon scholzei Ahl 1937 -- (Lima et al. 2025:52 [ref. 41921]). Current status: Synonym of Hyphessobrycon scholzei Ahl 1937. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Habitat: freshwater.

flammeus, Hyphessobrycon Myers [G. S.] 1924:330, Fig. [The Fish Culturist v. 4 (no. 3); ref. 15459] Original stock from near Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Syntypes: USNM 92969 (2) [Aquarium bred]. Type catalog: Vari & Howe 1991:26 [ref. 19022]. Also appeared in Myers 1925:97-99 [ref. 30479]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon flammeus Myers 1924 -- (Lima & Costa 2001:237 [ref. 25700], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:136 [ref. 27061], Carvalho et al. 2014:248 [ref. 33371], Teixeira et al. 2016:474 [ref. 34088], Lima et al. 2024:189 [ref. 40817]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon flammeus Myers 1924. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: coastal rivers of Rio de Janeiro State and Paraíba do Sul River basin, São Paulo State, Brazil; introduced in upper Paraná River basin. Habitat: freshwater.

frankei, Hyphessobrycon Zarske [A.] & Géry [J.] 1997:309, Figs. 1, 3 [Die Aquarien- und Terrarienzeitschrift (DATZ) v. 50 (no. 5); ref. 23715] Brook at Carretera Central, 10 kilometers west of Aguaytia, River Ucayali area, Dept. Loreto, Peru. Holotype: MTD F 17706. Paratypes: MHNG 2586.31-.33 (4, 2, 60); MTD F 16599-16603 (5), F 17707-30 (24). Type catalog: Zarske 2003:18 [ref. 27474]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon frankei Zarske & Géry 1997 -- (Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:136 [ref. 27061], Carvalho & Langeani 2013:526 [ref. 32913], Meza-Vargas et al. 2021:18 [ref. 39298], Chuctaya et al. 2022:21 [ref. 42137]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon frankei Zarske & Géry 1997. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Ucayali River basin (Peru). Habitat: freshwater.

frickei, Hyphessobrycon Guimarães [E. C.], Brito [P. S. de], Bragança [P. H. N.], Katz [A. M.] & Ottoni [F. P.] in Guimarães, Brito, Bragança, Santos, Katz et al. 2020:85, Figs. 1-2 [European Journal of Taxonomy v. 723; ref. 37899] Maracaçumé River, Maracaçumé municipality, Maranhão State, Brazil, 2°3'14"S, 45°57'16"W. Holotype: CICCAA 02363. Paratypes: CICCAA, UFRJ. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon frickei Guimarães, Brito, Bragança, Katz & Ottoni 2020 -- (Koerber et al. 2022:33 [ref. 39235]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon frickei Guimarães, Brito, Bragança, Katz & Ottoni 2020. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Maracaçumé River drainage (Maranhão, northeastern Brazil). Habitat: freshwater.

georgetti, Hyphessobrycon Géry [J.] 1961:121, Figs. 1-3 [Bulletin of Aquatic Biology v. 2 (no. 22); ref. 9348] Side branch of Sipaliwini River, a swampcreek in Paru savannah, Suriname. Holotype: ZMA 103269. Paratypes: ANSP 139706 (1), MNHN 1982-0807 (1), ZMA 104184 (9), and other paratypes in Géry coll. M.163. Type catalog: Nijssen et al. 1982:20 [ref. 19236], Böhlke 1984:46 [ref. 13621]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon georgettae Géry 1961 -- (Weitzman & Palmer 1997:235 [ref. 22743], Géry & Römer 1997:70 [ref. 23712], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:136 [ref. 27061], Hein 2009:9 [ref. 30362], Dagosta et al. 2014:366 [ref. 33382]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon georgettae Géry 1961. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Suriname. Habitat: freshwater.

geryi, Hyphessobrycon Guimarães [E. C.], Brito [P. S. de], Bragança [P. H. N.], Katz [A. M.] & Ottoni [F. P.] in Guimarães, Brito, Bragança, Santos, Katz et al. 2020:89, Figs. 4-6 [European Journal of Taxonomy v. 723; ref. 37899] Flexeiras River, Tocantins River basin, Marabá municipality, Pará State, Brazil, 52°15'38"S, 48°59'35"W. Holotype: CICCAA 02403. Paratypes: CICCAA, UFRJ. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon geryi Guimarães, Brito, Bragança, Katz & Ottoni 2020 -- (Koerber et al. 2022:34 [ref. 39235]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon geryi Guimarães, Brito, Bragança, Katz & Ottoni 2020. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: middle Tocantins River basin (Pará, Brazil). Habitat: freshwater.

gracilior, Hyphessobrycon Géry [J.] 1964:12, Figs. 10-11 [Beiträge zur Neotropischen Fauna v. 4 (no. 1); ref. 1580] Small creek connecting "Zapote Cocha" and "Caño Yarina", on edge of Río Pacaya, tributary of lower Río Ucayali, Peru. Holotype: ZFMK 1329. Paratypes: MHNG 2150.12-13 (2), ZFMK 1330 (1). Type catalog: Busse 1984:218 [ref. 28342], Herder et al. 2010:116 [ref. 31087]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon gracilior Géry 1964 -- (Ortega & Vari 1986:8 [ref. 9708], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:136 [ref. 27061], Barriga Salazar 2014:107 [ref. 35745], Dagosta et al. 2014:366 [ref. 33382], Sarmiento et al. 2014:184 [ref. 35004], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:50 [ref. 35633]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon gracilior Géry 1964. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Upper Amazon River basin: Ecuador, Peru, Colombia and Bolivia. Habitat: freshwater.

griemi, Hyphessobrycon Hoedeman [J. J.] 1957:87, Figs. 1-3 [Die Aquarien- und Terrarienzeitschrift (DATZ) v. 10 (no. 4); ref. 12143] Goiás, Brazil. Holotype: ZMA 101936a. Paratypes: ZMA 101936b (2). Type catalog: Nijssen et al. 1982:20 [ref. 19236]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon griemi Hoedeman 1957 -- (Lima & Costa 2001:237 [ref. 25700], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:136-137 [ref. 27061], Carvalho et al. 2014:248 [ref. 33371], Bragança et al. 2015:260 [ref. 34051], Teixeira et al. 2016:474 [ref. 34088], Bertaco et al. 2016:413 [ref. 34561] as aff. griemi, Guimarães et al. 2018:82 [ref. 35965], dos Reis et al. 2020:459 [ref. 38364]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon griemi Hoedeman 1957. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: eastern coastal rivers from São Paulo to northern Santa Catarina states (Brazil). Habitat: freshwater.

guabirubae, Hyphessobrycon flammeus Godoy [M. P. de] 1987:220, Fig. a [Peixes do estado de Santa Catarina; ref. 21117] Guabiruba, Santa Catarina, Brazil. Syntypes: MHNP 406. Type catalog: Azevedo-Santos et al. 2023:543 [ref. 40344]. •Synonym of Hyphessobrycon griemi Hoedeman 1957 -- (Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:136 [ref. 27061]). Current status: Synonym of Hyphessobrycon griemi Hoedeman 1957. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Habitat: freshwater.

hasemani, Hyphessobrycon Fowler [H. W.] 1913:545, Fig. 13 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 65; ref. 1389] Rio Madeira, above Falls of Guajaramirim, Brazil, about 10°47'S, 65°23'W. Holotype (unique): ANSP 39230. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:48 [ref. 13621]. •Valid, placement uncertain -- (Weitzman & Palmer 1997:238 [ref. 22743]). •Valid as Hyphessobrycon hasemani Fowler 1913 -- (Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:137 [ref. 27061], Sarmiento et al. 2016:184 [ref. 35004], Ohara et al. 2017:10 [ref. 35494], Pastana et al. 2017:13 [ref. 35596], Guimarães et al. 2020:106 [ref. 37899]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon hasemani Fowler 1913. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Madeira River basin, Brazil and Bolivia. Habitat: freshwater.

heliacus, Hyphessobrycon Moreira [C. R.], Landim [M. I.] & Costa [W. J. E. M.] 2002:428, Figs. 1-2 [Copeia 2002 (no. 2); ref. 26016] Ribeirão Macuco (= Córrego Duas-bocas), tributary of rio Teles Pires, rio Tapajós basin, 71.9 kilometers north from Sinop, munic. Cláudia, Mato Grosso state, Brazil, 11°15'S, 55°19'W. Holotype: MZUSP 52891. Paratypes: MCP 20697 (12); MZUSP 52893 (15), 62940 (4 c&s), 62941-43 (3, 2, 1); UFRJ 4646 (4 c&s), 4647 (3); USNM 348911 (12). •Valid as Hyphessobrycon heliacus Moreira, Landim & Costa 2002 -- (Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:137 [ref. 27061], Lucena 2003:95 [ref. 27437], Ingenito et al. 2013:38 [ref. 32568], Teixeira et al. 2014:613 [ref. 33097], Teixeira et al. 2016:474 [ref. 34088], Pastana & Ohara 2016:396 [ref. 34716]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon heliacus Moreira, Landim & Costa 2002. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Teles Pires River in upper Tapajós basin, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

herbertaxelrodi, Hyphessobrycon Géry [J.] 1961:29, Fig. 4 [Tropical Fish Hobbyist v. 9 (no. 9, May); ref. 9352] Coxim on the Rio Taquary [= Taquari], Rio Paraguay [= Paraguai] basin, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Holotype: USNM 196089. Paratypes: Géry coll. M.1152-54 (orig. 3), SMF 5376 (1). Type catalog: Vari & Howe 1991:27 [ref. 19022]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon herbertaxelrodi Géry 1961 -- (Britski et al. 1999:41 [ref. 24147], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:137 [ref. 27061], Zarske & Géry 2004:36 [ref. 28039], Mirande 2010:511 [ref. 31006], Lima et al. 2014:177 [ref. 33535], Sarmiento et al. 2014:184 [ref. 35004], Ohara & Lima 2015:570 [ref. 33846], Marinho et al. 2016:247 [ref. 34376], Dagosta et al. 2016:258 [ref. 34377], García-Alzate et al. 2017:126 [ref. 35253], Faria et al. 2020:374 [ref. 37543], Lima et al. 2024:191 [ref. 40817], Faria et al. 2025:15 [ref. 42414]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon herbertaxelrodi Géry 1961. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Paraguay River basin, Brazil and Bolivia. Habitat: freshwater.

heteresthes, Aphyocarax Ulrey [A. B.] 1894:612 [American Naturalist v. 28 (no. 331); ref. 12356] Brazil. Syntypes: (6, all juveniles) CAS 76377 (4), CAS-SU 2161 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:21 [ref. 12291]. Original genus should have been Aphyocharax. Species was also described as new in Ulrey 1895:293 [ref. 12371]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon heteresthes (Ulrey 1894) -- (Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:137 [ref. 27061], Dagosta et al. 2014:366 [ref. 33382]). •Species inquirenda -- (Lima et al. 2024:205 [ref. 40817]). Nomen Dubium. Current status: Uncertain. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Still known only from the type locality, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

heterorhabdus, Tetragonopterus Ulrey [A. B.] 1894:610 [American Naturalist v. 28 (no. 331); ref. 12356] Pará, Brazil [probably the outskirts of Belém]. Syntypes: (several) CAS 44415 [ex IU 5496] (9), 44416 [ex IU 5500] (6); CAS-SU 2174 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:27 [ref. 12291]. Species was also described as new in Ulrey 1895:286 [ref. 12371]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon heterorhabdus (Ulrey 1894) -- (Zarske & Géry 1998:20 [ref. 23983], Lasso et al. 2001:95 [ref. 25928] as cf. heterorhabdus, Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:137 [ref. 27061], Zarske & Géry 2004:36 [ref. 28039], García-Alzate et al. 2008:48 [ref. 29671], García-Alzate et al. 2008:140 [ref. 29919], García-Alzate & Román-Valencia 2008:15 [ref. 30008], García-Alzate et al. 2010:39 [ref. 30724], García-Alzate et al. 2010:55 [ref. 30716], García-Alzate et al.2010:801 [ref. 30824], García-Alzate et al. 2011:709 [ref. 31266], García-Alzate et al. 2013:861 [ref. 32692], Barriga Salazar 2014:107 [ref. 35745], Lima et al. 2014:177 [ref. 33535], Marinho et al. 2014:263 [ref. 33372], Sarmiento et al. 2014:184 [ref. 35004], García-Alzate et al. 2015:223 [ref. 33855], Dagosta et al. 2016:258 [ref. 34377], García-Alzate et al. 2017:126 [ref. 35253], Moreira & Lima 2017:133 [ref. 35562], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:50 [ref. 35633], Careaga et al. 2020:75 [ref. 37774] as gr. heterorhabdus, Faria et al. 2020:282 [ref. 37838], Faria et al. 2021:1 [ref. 38179], Koerber et al. 2022:34 [ref. 39235], Faria et al. 2025:14 [ref. 42414]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon heterorhabdus (Ulrey 1894). Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: lower Amazon River basin (eastern Pará to the rio Curuá-Una basin and rio Cupari drainage, Tapajós River basin), Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

hexastichos, Hyphessobrycon Bertaco [V. A.] & Carvalho [T. P.] 2005:440, Figs. 1-2 [Neotropical Ichthyology v. 3 (no. 3); ref. 28388] Comodora, rio Mutum on road BR 364 to cidade de Vilhena, tributary of rio Juruena, upper rio Tapajós drainage, 13°05'08"S, 59°53'32"W, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Holotype: MCP 37648. Paratypes: MCP 37649 (145, 4 c&s). •Valid as Hyphessobrycon hexastichos Bertaco & Carvalho 2005. Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon hexastichos Bertaco & Carvalho 2005. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Mutum River, headwaters of Tapajós River, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

hildae, Hyphessobrycon Fernández-Yépez [A.] 1950:18, Pl. 3 (fig. 4) [Novedades Cientificas, Contribuciones Ocasionales del Museo de Historia Natural La Salle, Serie Zoológica No. 2; ref. 1323] Río Autana, Hoya del Río Sipapo, Estaso Amazonas, Venezuela. Holotype (unique): MHNLS 989 [ex AFY 48170]. Type catalog: Lasso et al. 1997:42 [ref. 23639]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon hildae Fernández-Yépez 1950 -- (Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:137 [ref. 27061], Faria et al. 2025:15 [ref. 42414]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon hildae Fernández-Yépez 1950. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Autana River drainage, upper Orinoco River basin, Venezuela. Habitat: freshwater.

igneus, Hyphessobrycon Miquelarena [A. M.], Menni [R. C.], López [H. L.] & Casciotta [J. R.] 1980:237, Fig. 1a [Neotrópica (La Plata) v. 26 (no. 76); ref. 8687] Laguna in front of Escuela No. 12, camino Bella Vista-San Roque, Corrientes, Argentina. Holotype: ILPLA 23-IX-80-7. Paratypes: USNM 256727 [from CIMLP ?23-IX-80-8] (1). Type catalog: Vari & Howe 1991:27 [ref. 19022], Koerber 2007:1 [ref. 29776], Miquelarena & Nadalin 2014:7 [ref. 33466]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon igneus Miquelarena, Menni, López & Casciotta 1980 -- (Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:137 [ref. 27061], López et al. 2003:27 [ref. 27366], Casciotta et al. 2003:103 [ref. 28130], Menni 2004:77 [ref. 28131], Almirón et al. 2004:674 [ref. 27987] dated to 1981, Almirón et al. 2006:895 [ref. 29163], Miquelarena & López 2010:5 [ref. 30749], Teixeira et al. 2014:613 [ref. 33097], Carvalho et al. 2014:248 [ref. 33371], Koerber & Litz 2014:2 [ref. 34967], Mirande & Koerber 2015:26 [ref. 35117], Bertaco et al. 2016:413 [ref. 34561], Petry et al. 2016:302 [ref. 34966], Koerber & Litz 2016:3 [ref. 35098], Nión et al. 2016:30 [ref. 35565] as aff. igneus, Koerber et al. 2020:3 [ref. 37480], Koerber et al. 2021:3 [ref. 38894], Giora & Wingert 2023:135 [ref. 41026], Koerber et al. 2023:3 [ref. 40355], Loureiro et al. 2023:77 [ref. 40506], Gomes et al. 2024:20 [ref. 42631]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon igneus Miquelarena, Menni, López & Casciotta 1980. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: southern Brazil, Uruguay and Argentina. IUCN (2023): Least Concern. Habitat: freshwater.

inconstans, Hemigrammus Eigenmann [C. H.] & Ogle [F.] 1907:17, Fig. 4 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 33 (no. 1556); ref. 1266] Para (?), Brazil [possibly Colombia]. Holotype: USNM 34591 [not 55652]. Paratypes: USNM 306824 (orig. 4, now 1). Type catalog: Vari & Howe 1991:24 [ref. 19022]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon inconstans (Eigenmann & Ogle 1907) -- (Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:137 [ref. 27061], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:[9] [ref. 35679], Lima et al. 2024:192 [ref. 40817]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon inconstans (Eigenmann & Ogle 1907). Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: ? Colombia. Habitat: freshwater.

isiri, Hyphessobrycon Almirón [A. E.], Casciotta [J. R.] & Koerber [S.] 2006:890, Figs. 1-4 [Revue Suisse de Zoologie v. 113 (no. 4); ref. 29163] Entre Ríos, río Uruguay basin, Arroyo Ubajay, 31°48.94'S, 58°12.41'W, Argentina. Holotype: MACN Ict 8907. Paratypes: AI 191 (1), 192 (19, 3 c&s); MHNG 2666.080 (2); MLP 10464 [ex Al 193] (2). Type catalog: Nadalin & López 2015:5 [ref. 34112]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon isiri Almirón, Casciotta & Koerber 2006 -- (Koerber 2011:3 [ref. 31122], Carvalho & Langeani 2013:526 [ref. 32913], Koerber 2014:5 [ref. 33621], Mirande & Koerber 2015:26 [ref. 35117]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon isiri Almirón, Casciotta & Koerber 2006. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Uruguay River basin, Argentina. Habitat: freshwater.

itaparicensis, Hyphessobrycon Lima [S. M. Q.] & Costa [W. J. E. M.] 2001:234, Figs. 1-2 [Cybium v. 25 (no. 3); ref. 25700] Small stream in ilha de Itaparica, Estado de Bahia, Brazil. Holotype: MZUSP 58539. Paratypes: MZUSP 57540 (6), UFRJ 4843-4844 (9, 8), UMMZ 365811 (20). •Valid as Hyphessobrycon itaparicensis Lima & Costa 2001 -- (Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:137 [ref. 27061], Zanata & Camelier 2010:776 [ref. 31077], Brito et al. 2014:1157 [ref. 41492], Carvalho et al. 2014:248 [ref. 33371], Dagosta et al. 2014:373 [ref. 33382], Zanata et al. 2018:[2] [ref. 35863], Guimarães et al. 2018:82 [ref. 35965], Silva et al. 2020:6 [ref. 37809], Vieira-Guimarães et al. 2024:38 [ref. 41258]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon itaparicensis Lima & Costa 2001. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: small coastal streams in the Northeastern Mata Atlântica freshwater ecoregion, from Camamu municipality to tributaries of rio Sergipe in Areia Branca municipalit, Bahia to Sergipe (Brazil). Habitat: freshwater.

jackrobertsi, Hyphessobrycon Zarske [A.] 2014:147, Figs. 7-10 [Vertebrate Zoology v. 64 (no. 2); ref. 33403] Iquitos (Import), Peru. Holotype: MTD F 33042. Paratypes: MTD F 33043-33051 (9), 33149-33158 (10). •Valid as Hyphessobrycon jackrobertsi Zarske 2014 -- (Guimarães et al. 2020:106 [ref. 37899], Meza-Vargas et al. 2021:18 [ref. 39298]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon jackrobertsi Zarske 2014. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Loreto (Peru). Habitat: freshwater.

juruna, Hyphessobrycon Faria [T. C.], Lima [F. C. T.] & Bastos [D. A.] 2018:2, Figs. 1-3 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 166 [for 2017] (no. 1); ref. 35883] Rio Mogno, tributary of the Rio Carapanã, Rio Fresco basin, Ourilândia do Norte, Pará, Brazil, 6°33'19"S, 51°14'47"W. Holotype: MPEG 34066. Paratypes: ANSP, INPA, MNRJ, MPEG, MZUSP, ZUEC. Plus additional non-type material. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon juruna Faria, Lima & Bastos 2018. Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon juruna Faria, Lima & Bastos 2018. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Middle and lower Rio Xingu basin, Pará, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

kayabi, Hyphessobrycon Teixeira [T. F.], Lima [F. C. T.] & Zuanon [J.] 2014:613, Fig. 1-3 [Copeia 2013 (no. 4); ref. 33097] Mato Gosso State, Apiacás, Rio Teles Pires, Lagoa Azul, 9°06'01"S, 57°03'56"W, Brazil. Holotype: INPA 35100. Paratypes: ANSP 199664 (5); INPA 35099 (94), 37745 (4), 36646 (25, 3 c&s); MZUSP 112222 (20), 112223 (1) •Valid as Hyphessobrycon kayabi Teixeira, Lima & Zuanon 2014 -- (Pastana & Ohara 2016:396 [ref. 34716], Ohara et al. 2017:12 [ref. 35494]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon kayabi Teixeira, Lima & Zuanon 2014. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Lower Rio Teles Pires, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

klausanni, Hyphessobrycon García-Alzate [C. A.], Urbano-Bonilla [A.] & Taphorn [D. C.] 2017:128, Figs. 1, 2A, 3 [ZooKeys No. 668; ref. 35253] Upper Guaviare River drainage, Caño Claro, Mapiripán County, Meta, Colombia, 03°07'05.1"N, 72°30'14.8"W, elevation 209 meters. Holotype: UARC-IC 539. Paratypes: MPUJ, UARC-IC. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon klausanni García-Alzate, Urbano-Bonilla & Taphorn 2017 -- (DoNascimiento et al. 2017:50 [ref. 35633]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon klausanni García-Alzate, Urbano-Bonilla & Taphorn 2017. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Orinoco River basin, Colombia. Habitat: freshwater.

krenakore, Hyphessobrycon Teixeira [T. F.], Netto-Ferreira [A. L.], Birindelli [J. L. O.] & Sousa [L. M. de] 2016:466, Figs. 3b, 6-8 [Journal of Fish Biology v. 88 (no. 2); ref. 34088] Pond below bridge at road BR163, near Castelo dos Sonhos, tributary of Rio Curuá, Rio Xingu basin, Altamira, Rará, Brazil, 8°15'17.0"S, 55°06'40.0"W. Holotype: MZUSP 97605. Paratypes: ANSP, INPA, MCNIP, MZUSP. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon krenakore Teixeira, Netto-Ferreira, Birindelli & Sousa 2016. Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon krenakore Teixeira, Netto-Ferreira, Birindelli & Sousa 2016. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Rio Curuá, Rio Xingu basin, Altamira, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

loretoensis, Hyphessobrycon Ladiges [W.] in Arnold 1938:645, Fig. 9 [Wochenschrift für Aquarien- und Terrarienkunde v. 35 (no. 41); ref. 30135] Upper Amazon River, Loreto State Peru. Lectotype: ZMH H59 [ex 17759 in part]. Paralectotypes (3): ZMH H183 [ex 17759] (1). Type catalog: Ladiges et al. 1958:157 [ref. 19181], Wilkens & Dohse 1993:402 [ref. 21161]. Lectotype selected by Ladiges et al. 1958:157 [ref. 19181], not by Géry 1961, see Marinho et al. 2016:247 [ref. 34376]. Originally described as Hyphessobrycon loretonensis, which is obviously a spelling error for loretoensis. Since loretonensis was never used by subsequent authors, the name is here corrected to loretoensis for the sake of stability, though not fully in accordance with ICZN Art. 32.5. Also described by Ladiges 1938:51 [ref. 17153] as Hyphessobrycon loretoensis, which is the formal scientific description, but it is predated by Arnold 1938 by four days. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon loretoensis Ladiges 1938 -- (Ovchynnyk 1967:29 [ref. 37559], Ortega & Vari 1986:8 [ref. 9708], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:137 [ref. 27061], Barriga Salazar 2014:107 [ref. 35745], Lima et al. 2014:177 [ref. 33535], Ohara & Lima 2015:570 [ref. 33846], Zarske 2015:295 [ref. 34028], Dagosta et al. 2016:258 [ref. 34377], Marinho et al. 2016:248 [ref. 34376], Marinho et al. 2016:519 [ref. 34591], Zarske 2016:112 [ref. 34774], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:50 [ref. 35633], García-Alzate et al. 2017:126 [ref. 35253], Faria et al. 2020:374 [ref. 37543], Meza-Vargas et al. 2021:18 [ref. 39298], Chuctaya et al. 2022:22 [ref. 42137]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon loretoensis Ladiges 1938. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Amazon River basin (Ecuador, Peru, Colombia and Brazil). IUCN (2023): Least Concern. Habitat: freshwater.

loweae, Hyphessobrycon Costa [W. J. E. M.] & Géry [J.] 1994:71, Figs. 1-2 [Revue française d'Aquariologie Herpétologie v. 20 (no. 3) [for 1993]; ref. 21308] Rio Culune tributary, Rio Xingu basin, 40 kilometers south of Paranatinga, Mato Grosso, Brazil, 15°01'S, 54°03'W (corrected locality 14°43'S, 54°04'W). Holotype: MNRJ 12437. Paratypes: MZUSP 45749-51 (2, 1, 2); UFRJ 1281 (6), 1282 (4, c&s). Type catalog: Oyakawa 1996:468 [ref. 23140]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon loweae Costa & Géry 1994 -- (Weitzman & Palmer 1997:236 [ref. 22743], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:137 [ref. 27061], Lucena 2003:95 [ref. 27437], Ingenito et al. 2013:38 [ref. 32568], Teixeira et al. 2014:613 [ref. 33097], Teixeira et al. 2016:474 [ref. 34088], Pastana & Ohara 2016:396 [ref. 34716], Ohara et al. 2017:11 [ref. 35144], Lima et al. 2024:193 [ref. 40817]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon loweae Costa & Géry 1994. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Araguaia River drainage, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

lucenorum, Hyphessobrycon Ohara [W. M.] & Lima [F. C. T.] 2015:563, Figs. 1-2, 5 [Zootaxa 3972 (no. 4); ref. 33846] Rondônia, Vilhena, rio Madeira basin, upper rio Machado, tributary of igarapé Piracolina, near road BR 364, Brazil, 12°48’56.5"S, 60°06’37.6"W. Holotype: MZUSP 115556. Paratypes: ANSP, INPA, MCP, MNRJ, MZUSP, UFRO, ZUEC. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon lucenorum Ohara & Lima 2015 -- (Zarske 2015:295 [ref. 34028], Ohara et al. 2017:10 [ref. 35494], Faria et al. 2020:374 [ref. 37543]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon lucenorum Ohara & Lima 2015. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Madeira basin, Rondônia, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

maculicauda, Hyphessobrycon Ahl [E.] 1936:22 [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 114 (nos 1/2); ref. 13683] Central Brazil [aquarium import]. Holotype (unique): ZMB (not found). Type mentioned: Paepke 1995:92 [ref. 21847], Zarske & Géry 1995:113 [ref. 22674]. •Questionably valid as Hyphessobrycon maculicauda Ahl 1936 -- (Zarske & Géry 1995:119 [ref. 22674]). •Valid as Hyphessobrycon maculicauda Ahl 1936 -- (Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:138 [ref. 27061]). •Species inquirenda -- (Toledo-Piza et al. 2024:287 [ref. 40817]). Current status: Uncertain. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Habitat: freshwater.

mamuruensis, Hyphessobrycon Faria [T. C.], Oliveira [C.], Monteiro [I. L. P.] & Lima [F. C. T.] 2025:5, Figs. 1-2, 3A-B [Neotropical Ichthyology v. 23 (no. 3); ref. 42414] Igarapé tributary of rio Mamuru, near comunidade Mamuru, Itaituba, Pará State, Brazil, 04°02'19.66"S, 56°15'24.5"W. Holotype: LBP 34880. Paratypes: LBP, MPEG, MZUSP, ZUEC. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon mamuruensis Faria, Oliveira, Monteiro & Lima 2025. Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon mamuruensis Faria, Oliveira, Monteiro & Lima 2025. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: upper Mamuru River drainage, Pará State, near the border with Amazonas State, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

mapinguari, Hyphessobrycon Pastana [M. N. L.], Dutra [G. M.], Ohara [W. M.], Teixeira [T. F.] & Menezes [N. A.] 2025:302, Figs. 1, 2A, 3-5 [Ichthyology & Herpetology v. 113 (no. 2); ref. 42141] Rio dos Couros, tributary of Rio Acari, Rio Madeira basin, Apuí, Amazonas, Brazil, 7°12'27.22"S, 59°30'55.69"W. Holotype: MZUSP 130000. Paratypes: INPA, MZUSP. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon mapinguari Pastana, Dutra, Ohara, Teixeira & Menezes 2025. Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon mapinguari Pastana, Dutra, Ohara, Teixeira & Menezes 2025. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Rio Acari drainage, Rio Madeira basin, Amazonas, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

margitae, Hyphessobrycon Zarske [A.] 2016:106, Figs. 1-4, 10A [Vertebrate Zoology v. 66 (no. 2); ref. 34774] Einzugsgebiet des río Nanay, Loreto, Peru (aquarium import, possibly from the Río Marañón drainage). Holotype: MTD F 35090. Paratypes: MTD. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon margitae Zarske 2016 -- (Meza-Vargas et al. 2021:18 [ref. 39298]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon margitae Zarske 2016. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: upper Amazon basin (Peru). Habitat: freshwater.

mavro, Hyphessobrycon García-Alzate [C. A.], Román-Valencia [C.] & Prada-Pedreros [S.] 2010:445, Figs. 1-2, 5 [Caldasia v. 32 (no. 2); ref. 31066] Caño Payara, affuent of the Orinoco River, Puerto Carreño, ca. 6°12'N, 62°28'W, Vichada, Colombia. Holotype: IUQ 2791. Paratypes: (total 21) IMCN 3751 (2 c&s), IUQ 1964. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon mavro García-Alzate, Román-Valencia & Prada-Pedreros 2010 -- (García-Alzate et al. 2011:709 [ref. 31266], Carvalho & Langeani 2013:526 [ref. 32913], Zarske 2016:114 [ref. 34774] as marvo, García-Alzate et al. 2017:126 [ref. 35253], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:50 [ref. 35633]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon mavro García-Alzate, Román-Valencia & Prada-Pedreros 2010. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Orinoco River basin, Colombia. Habitat: freshwater.

melanostichos, Hyphessobrycon Carvalho [T. P.] & Bertaco [V. A.] 2006:302, Figs. 1-3 [Neotropical Ichthyology v. 4 (no. 3); ref. 28812] Rio Doze de Outubro on road BR 364 between Comorodo and Vilhena, 12°58'39"S, 60°00'30"W, Comodoro, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Holotype: MCP 39510. Paratypes: MCP 38396 (203, 3 c&s), MZUSP 89646 (25). Plus non-type material. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon melanostichos Carvalho & Bertaco 2006 -- (Bertaco et al. 2007:248 [ref. 29277], García-Alzate et al. 2008:48 [ref. 29671] as malanostichos, García-Alzate et al. 2013:861 [ref. 32692], Carvalho & Langeani 2013:526 [ref. 32913], Marinho et al. 2014:263 [ref. 33372], Dagosta et al. 2016:258 [ref. 34377], Ohara et al. 2017:249 [ref. 35067], García-Alzate et al. 2017:127 [ref. 35253], Dagosta et al. 2022:11 [ref. 39143], Marinho & Dagosta 2024:16 [ref. 41147]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon melanostichos Carvalho & Bertaco 2006. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Doze de Outubro River drainage, upper Tapajós River basin, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

melasemeion, Hyphessobrycon Fowler [H. W.] 1945:57, Fig. [The Fish Culturist v. 24 (no. 8); ref. 19306] Locality unknown (supposed to be lower Amazon). Holotype (unique): ANSP 71584. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:51 [ref. 13621]. •Status uncertain -- (Weitzman & Palmer 1997:234 [ref. 22743]). •Valid as Hyphessobrycon melasemeion Fowler 1945 -- (Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:138 [ref. 27061]). •Species inquirenda -- (Lima et al. 2024:205 [ref. 40817]). Nomen Dubium. Current status: Uncertain. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Habitat: freshwater.

melazonatus, Hyphessobrycon Durbin [M. L.] in Eigenmann 1908:101 [Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 52 (no. 6); ref. 1221] Lago do Maximo, near Parintins, Amazonas, Brazil. Lectotype: MCZ 20737. Paralectotypes: MCZ 21069 (1). Author is M. L. Durbin. Lectotype established by Eigenmann 1918:196. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon melazonatus Durbin 1908 -- (Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:138 [ref. 27061], Barriga Salazar 2014:107 [ref. 35745], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:50 [ref. 35633], Chuctaya et al. 2022:22 [ref. 42137]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon melazonatus Durbin 1908. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Amazon River basin (Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru). IUCN (2022): Data deficient. Habitat: freshwater.

meridionalis, Hyphessobrycon Ringuelet [R. A.], Miquelarena [A. M.] & Menni [R. C.] 1978:248, Figs. 2-3 [Limnobios (La Plata) v. 1 (no. 7); ref. 8888] Canal Delgado, Rio de La Plata, Los Talas, Argentina. Holotype: MLP 8339 [ex ILPLA 30.3.77.1]. Paratypes: MLP 8340 [ex ILPLA 30.3.77.2] (9). Type catalog: Koerber 2007:1 [ref. 29776], Miquelarena & Nadalin 2014:7 [ref. 33466]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon meridionalis Ringuelet, Miquelarena & Menni 1978 -- (Malabarba 1989:135 [ref. 14217], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:138 [ref. 27061], López et al. 2003:27 [ref. 27366], Menni 2004:77 [ref. 28131], Almirón et al. 2004:674 [ref. 27987], Almirón et al. 2006:895 [ref. 29163], Miquelarena & López 2010:6 [ref. 30749], Litz & Koerber 2014:16 [ref. 33622], Mirande & Koerber 2015:26 [ref. 35117], Bertaco et al. 2016:414 [ref. 34561], Petry et al. 2016:302 [ref. 34966], Nión et al. 2016:30 [ref. 35565], Giora & Wingert 2023:136 [ref. 41026], Loureiro et al. 2023:78 [ref. 40506], Gomes et al. 2024:22 [ref. 42631], Terán et al. 2025:306 [ref. 42539]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon meridionalis Ringuelet, Miquelarena & Menni 1978. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: lower Paraná River and coastal river basins of Rio Grande do Sul State (Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay). IUCN (2023): Least Cocnern. Habitat: freshwater.

metae, Hyphessobrycon Eigenmann [C. H.] & Henn [A. W.] 1914:233 [Indiana University Studies v. 2 (no. 24); ref. 11067] Barrigona, Río Meta, Orinoco system, Colombia. Holotype: CAS 61751 [ex IU 13421]. Paratypes: (66) CAS 61752 (62). •Valid as Hyphessobrycon metae Eigenmann & Henn 1914 -- (Taphorn 1992:242 [ref. 23654], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:138 [ref. 27061], García-Alzate & Román-Valencia 2008:14 [ref. 30008], García-Alzate et al. 2010:39 [ref. 30724], García-Alzate et al. 2010:55 [ref. 30716], García-Alzate et al. 2010:456 [ref. 31066], García-Alzate et al. 2011:709 [ref. 31266], Carvalho & Langeani 2013:526 [ref. 32913], Lima et al. 2014:177 [ref. 33535], Ohara & Lima 2015:570 [ref. 33846], García-Alzate et al. 2015:223 [ref. 33855], Zarske 2015:295 [ref. 34028], Marinho et al. 2016:248 [ref. 34376], Dagosta et al. 2016:258 [ref. 34377], Marinho et al. 2016:519 [ref. 34591], Zarske 2016:110 [ref. 34774], García-Alzate et al. 2017:126 [ref. 35253], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:50 [ref. 35633], Urbano-Bonilla et al. 2018:87 [ref. 35773], Faria et al. 2020:374 [ref. 37543], Cortés Hernández et al. 2023:455 [ref. 40760]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon metae Eigenmann & Henn 1914. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Orinoco River basin (Colombia and Venezuela). Habitat: freshwater.

milleri, Hyphessobrycon compressus Durbin [M. L.] in Eigenmann 1908:100 [Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 52 (no. 6); ref. 1221] Los Amates, Zacapa, Río Motagua drainage, Guatemala. Holotype (unique): CAS 70155. Author is M. L. Durbin. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon milleri Durbin 1908 -- (Weitzman & Palmer 1997:226 [ref. 22743], Almirón & Casciotta 1999:344 [ref. 24405], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:138 [ref. 27061], Malabarba et al. 2012:58 [ref. 31810], Dagosta et al. 2014:366 [ref. 33382]). •Synonym of Hyphessobrycon compressus (Meek 1904) -- (Carvalho & Malabarba 2015:514 [ref. 34032]). Current status: Synonym of Hyphessobrycon compressus (Meek 1904). Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Middle America: Motagua River basin, Guatemala (if valid). Habitat: freshwater.

minimus, Hyphessobrycon Durbin [M. L.] 1909:68 [Annals of the Carnegie Museum v. 6 (no. 1); ref. 1166] Cane Grove Corner, Guyana. Holotype: FMNH 52794 [ex CM 1193]. Paratypes: CAS 61753 [ex IU 11769] (2). Type catalog: Henn 1928:65 [ref. 12305], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:48 [ref. 12367]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon minimus Durbin 1909 -- (Ortega & Vari 1986:8 [ref. 9708], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:138 [ref. 27061], Dagosta et al. 2014:366 [ref. 33382], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:50 [ref. 35633], Meza-Vargas et al. 2021:18 [ref. 39298], Chuctaya et al. 2022:22 [ref. 42137], Taphorn et al. 2022:16 [ref. 41297]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon minimus Durbin 1909. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Orinoco River basin (Guyana and Colombia), Amazon basin (Peru). IUCN (2023): Data Deficient. Habitat: freshwater.

minor, Hyphessobrycon Durbin [M. L.] 1909:65 [Annals of the Carnegie Museum v. 6 (no. 1); ref. 1166] Pool at mouth of Konawaruk River, Konawaruk, Guyana. Holotype: FMNH 52789 [ex CM 1189] (missing). Paratypes: BMNH 1911.10.31.409 (1), CAS 61754 [ex IU 11767] (1). Type catalog: Henn 1928:65 [ref. 12305], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:48 [ref. 12367]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon minor Durbin 1909 -- (Weitzman & Palmer 1997:229 [ref. 22743], Weitzman & Palmer 1997:145 [ref. 24509], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:138 [ref. 27061], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:[9] [ref. 35679], Taphorn et al. 2022:16 [ref. 41297]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon minor Durbin 1909. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Essequibo River basin (Guyana) endemic. Habitat: freshwater.

minutus, Hemigrammus Meek [S. E.] & Hildebrand [S. F.] 1912:67 [Field Museum of Natural History, Publications, Zoölogical Series v. 10 (no. 6); ref. 10934] Río Agua Clara, Canal Zone, Panama. Holotype: FMNH 7572 (missing). Paratypes: ?CAS 61473 [IU 14003 & USNM 78628] (2), FMNH 12739-770 (32), 12771-75 (1, 1, 3, 15, 16), 32029-31 (3). Type catalog: Ibarra & Stewart 1987:45 [ref. 12367]; holotype missing or mixed with paratypes. •Synonym of Hyphessobrycon panamensis Durbin 1908 -- (Weitzman & Palmer 1997:227 [ref. 22743], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:139 [ref. 27061], Ota et al. 2020:422 [ref. 37391]). Current status: Synonym of Hyphessobrycon panamensis Durbin 1908. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Habitat: freshwater.

moniliger, Hyphessobrycon Moreira [C. R.], Lima [F. C. T.] & Costa [W. J. E. M.] 2002:74, Figs. 1-5 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 13 (no. 1); ref. 26068] Pool behind house of farm Praia Alta 2, Araguaçú to Barreira do Piqui road, 27 kilometers north from Araguaçú, rio Agua Fria basin, 12°42'S, 49°55'W, município de Araguaçú, Tocantins, Brazil. Holotype: MZUSP 67466. Paratypes: ANSP 177976 (5); FMNH 109198 (5); MCP 27055 (5); MNRJ 21508 (5); MZUSP 52199 (25, 2 c&s), 52203 (1); UFRJ 1538 (12), 1898 (6); USNM 365042 (5). Plus non-type material. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon moniliger Moreira, Lima & Costa 2002 -- (Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:138 [ref. 27061], Bertaco & Malabarba 2005:87 [ref. 28297], Ingenito et al. 2013:42 [ref. 32568], Teixeira et al. 2016:474 [ref. 34088], Pastana & Ohara 2016:396 [ref. 34716], Kampfert et al. 2025:281 [ref. 42023], Lima et al. 2024:195 [ref. 40817]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon moniliger Moreira, Lima & Costa 2002. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Araguaia-Tocantins, upper Tapajós and upper Xingu River basins (Brazil). Introduced in the upper Rio Paraná basin (Brazil). Habitat: freshwater.

montagi, Hyphessobrycon Lima [F. C. T.], Coutinho [D. P.] & Wosiacki [W. B.] 2014:168, Figs. 1-3 [Zootaxa 3872 (no. 2); ref. 33535] Igarapé Socó Barroso, tributary of rio Arapiuns, Juruti, Pará, Brazil, 2°27'54"S, 56°00'25"W. Holotype: MPEG 29970. Paratypes: ANSP, INPA, MCP, MPEG, ZUEC. Plus many non-type specimens. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon montagi Lima, Coutinho & Wosiacki 2014 -- (Zarske 2015:10 [ref. 33782], Moreira & Lima 2017:133 [ref. 35562], Faria et al. 2020:282 [ref. 37838], Faria et al. 2025:14 [ref. 42414]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon montagi Lima, Coutinho & Wosiacki 2014. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Rio Arapiuns drainage, Pará State, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

mutabilis, Hyphessobrycon Costa [W. J. E. M.] & Géry [J.] 1994:74, Figs. 6-7 [Revue française d'Aquariologie Herpétologie v. 20 (no. 3) [for 1993]; ref. 21308] Tributary of Rio Sete de Setembro, rio Xingu basin, 107 kilometers southwest of Canarana, Mato Grosso, Brazil, 13°51'S, 52°40'W. Holotype: MNRJ 12438. Paratypes: UFRJ 1283 (7), 1284 (8, c&s), 1285 (31); MHNG 2542.20 (8); MNRJ 12439 (16); MZUSP 45292 (8), 45752-54 (4, 1, 3). Type catalog: Oyakawa 1996:469 [ref. 23140]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon mutabilis Costa & Géry 1994 -- (Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:138 [ref. 27061], Ohara & Lima 2015:570 [ref. 33846], Zarske 2015:295 [ref. 34028], Marinho et al. 2016:248 [ref. 34376], Dagosta et al. 2016:258 [ref. 34377], Marinho et al. 2016:519 [ref. 34591], Faria et al. 2020:374 [ref. 37543]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon mutabilis Costa & Géry 1994. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Upper Xingu River basin, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

myrmex, Hyphessobrycon Pastana [M. N. L.], Dagosta [F. C. P.] & Esguícero [A. L. H.] 2017:2, Figs. 1, 2, 3a-b [Journal of Fish Biology v. 91 (no. 5); ref. 35596] Rio Formiga at PCH Divisa, upper Rio Juruena, Rio Tapajós basin, Campos de Júlio, Mato Grosso, Brazil, 13°22'29.3"S, 59°08'35.2"W. Holotype: MZUSP 118671. Paratypes: INPA, LIRP, MCP, MZUSP. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon myrmex Pastana, Dagosta & Esguícero 2017. Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon myrmex Pastana, Dagosta & Esguícero 2017. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Upper Rio Juruena drainage, Rio Tapajós basin, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

natagaima, Hyphessobrycon García-Alzate [C. A.], Taphorn [D. C.], Roman-Valencia [C.] & Villa-Navarro [F. A.] 2015:225, Figs. 1-3 [Caldasia v. 37 (no. 1); ref. 33855] Tolima department: Natagaima County, upper Magdalena River drainage, Laguna Saldañita, Colombia, 3°30’83"N, 75°09’30"W, elevation 390 meters. Holotype: CZUT--IC 11769. Paratypes: CZUT-IC, IUQ, URAC. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon natagaima García-Alzate, Taphorn, Roman-Valencia & Villa-Navarro 2015 -- (DoNascimiento et al. 2017:50 [ref. 35633], Ardila Rodríguez 2022:11 [ref. 39172]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon natagaima García-Alzate, Taphorn, Roman-Valencia & Villa-Navarro 2015. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Upper Magdalena River drainage, Colombia. Habitat: freshwater.

nicolasi, Hyphessobrycon Miquelarena [A. M.] & López [H. L.] 2010:1, Figs. 1-3 [Neotropical Ichthyology v. 8 (no. 1); ref. 30749] El Pelado stream, 32°19'S, 58°14'W, Colón Department,Entre Rios Province, Argentina. Holotype: CFA-IC 11808 [ex ILPLA 1808]. Paratypes: CFA-IC 11809 [ex ILPLA 1809] (20), 11811 [ex ILPLA 1811] (8), 11812 ex [ILPLA 1812] (7 c&s); ILPLA 1810 (6 c&s); MLP 9746 (9). Type catalog: Miquelarena & Nadalin 2014:8 [ref. 33466], Bogan et al. 2019:13 [ref. 37088]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon nicolasi Miquelarena & López 2010 -- (Koerber 2011:3 [ref. 31122], Koerber 2014:5 [ref. 33621], Mirande & Koerber 2015:26 [ref. 35117]). •Synonym of Hyphessobrycon meridionalis Ringuelet, Miquelarena & Menni 1978 -- (Terán et al. 2025:306 [ref. 42539]). Current status: Synonym of Hyphessobrycon meridionalis Ringuelet, Miquelarena & Menni 1978. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Uruguay River basin (Argentina) [if valid]. Habitat: freshwater.

niger, Hyphessobrycon García-Alzate [C. A.], Román-Valencia [C.] & Prada-Pedreros [S.] 2010:447, Figs. 3-5 [Caldasia v. 32 (no. 2); ref. 31066] River Mojaculo, Vereda Dinamarca, Acacias, Meta, 3°53'20.6"N, 93°28'30"W, Colombia. Holotype: MPUJ 5657. Paratypes: (total 28) IUQ 2794 (2, c&s), MPUJ 5039. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon niger García-Alzate, Román-Valencia & Prada-Pedreros 2010 -- (García-Alzate et al. 2011:709 [ref. 31266], Carvalho & Langeani 2013:526 [ref. 32913], Zarske 2016:114 [ref. 34774], García-Alzate et al. 2017:126 [ref. 35253], García-Alzate et al. 2017:126 [ref. 35253], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:50 [ref. 35633]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon niger García-Alzate, Román-Valencia & Prada-Pedreros 2010. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Orinoco River basin, Colombia. Habitat: freshwater.

nigricinctus, Hyphessobrycon Zarske [A.] & Géry [J.] 2004:33, Figs. 1-3 [Zoologische Abhandlungen; Staatliches Museum für Tierkunde in Dresden v. 54; ref. 28039] Río Madre de Dios, Peru. Holotype: MTD F 28465. Paratypes: Géry coll. 1065.1.2004 (1), 1065.2.2004 (1); MTD F 28457-59 (3), 28460-61 (2); ZFMK 39847 (1). Type catalog: Herder et al. 2010:116 [ref. 31087]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon nigricinctus Zarske & Géry 2004 -- (Zarske & Géry 2006:48 [ref. 28750], García-Alzate et al. 2013:861 [ref. 32692], García-Alzate et al. 2017:127 [ref. 35253], Ohara et al. 2017:10 [ref. 35494], Dagosta et al. 2022:11 [ref. 39143], Marinho & Dagosta 2024:16 [ref. 41147]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon nigricinctus Zarske & Géry 2004. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Madre de Dios River drainage, Madeira River basin, Peru. Habitat: freshwater.

notidanos, Hyphessobrycon Carvalho [T. P.] & Bertaco [V. A.] 2006:304, Figs. 4-6 [Neotropical Ichthyology v. 4 (no. 3); ref. 28812] Rio Doze de Outubro on road BR 364 between Comorodo and Vilhena, 12°58'39"S, 60°00'30"W, Comodoro, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Holotype: MCP 39511. Paratypes: MCP 38676 (70), MZUSP 89645 (15). •Valid as Hyphessobrycon notidanos Carvalho & Bertaco 2006 -- (García-Alzate et al. 2008:49 [ref. 29671], García-Alzate et al. 2013:862 [ref. 32692], Carvalho & Langeani 2013:526 [ref. 32913], Marinho et al. 2016:519 [ref. 34591], Pastana & Ohara 2016:396 [ref. 34716], García-Alzate et al. 2017:127 [ref. 35253]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon notidanos Carvalho & Bertaco 2006. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Doze de Outubro River, headwaters of Tapajós River basin, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

ocasoensis, Hyphessobrycon García-Alzate [C. A.] & Román-Valencia [C.] 2008:15, Figs. 2-3 [Animal Biodiversity and Conservation v. 31 (no. 2); ref. 30008] Río Roble, afluent of río La Viega, "Monte del Oceao" natural reserve, Quimbaya, Quindio, 4°35'68"N, 75°42'81" W, Colombia, elevation 1100 meters. Holotype: IUQ 1635. Paratypes: IMCN 3377 (2); IUQ 1414 (2), 1634 (11), 1636 (2); MBUCV-V33746 (2); MCNG 55846 (2). •Valid as Hyphessobrycon ocasoensis García-Alzate & Román-Valencia 2008 -- (García-Alzate et al. 2010:39 [ref. 30724], García-Alzate et al. 2010:55 [ref. 30716], García-Alzate et al. 2011:709 [ref. 31266], García-Alzate 2015:223 [ref. 33855], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:50 [ref. 35633], Ardila Rodríguez 2022:11 [ref. 39172]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon ocasoensis García-Alzate & Román-Valencia 2008. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Upper Cauca River basin, Colombia. Habitat: freshwater.

ocoae, Moenkhausia lepidura Fowler [H. W.] 1943:234, Fig. 15 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 95; ref. 1443] Río Ocoá, south of Villavicencio, Río Meta basin, Meta Department, Colombia. Holotype (unique): ANSP 70497. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:52 [ref. 13621]. •Species inquirenda, in Moenkhausia -- (Benine in Reis et al. 2003:150 [ref. 27061], Marinho & Benine 2024:237 [ref. 40817]). •Valid as Hyphessobrycon ocoae (Fowler 1943) -- (Lima et al. 2024:257 [ref. 41835]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon ocoae (Fowler 1943). Acestrorhamphidae: Stichonodontinae. Distribution: South America: Orinoco River basin, Colombia and Venezuela. Habitat: freshwater.

olayai, Hyphessobrycon Ardila Rodríguez [C. A.] 2022:8, Figs. 1, 5B, 7B, 9B, 11C [Barranquilla, Departamento del Atlántico No. 80; ref. 39810] Quebrada El Higueron, afluente del Río Sinú, municipio de Tierralta, Departamento de Córdoba, Colombia. Holotype: CAR 960. Paratypes: CAR 486 (7), 968 (4). •Valid as Hyphessobrycon olayai Ardila Rodríguez 2022. Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon olayai Ardila Rodríguez 2022. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Río Sinú drainage, Departamento de Córdoba, Colombia. Habitat: freshwater.

oritoensis, Hyphessobrycon García-Alzate [C. A.], Román-Valencia [C.] & Taphorn [D. C.] 2008:43, Figs. 1-2 [Zootaxa No. 1813; ref. 29671] Río Putumayo, Orito, Quebrada La Palma, finca La Palma, Vereda Calimonte, ca. 0°41'N, 75°52'W. Holotype: IUQ 1574. Paratypes: IUQ 129 (6), 1575 (2, c&s); MBUCV-V 33737 (2); MCGN 55844 (2). •Valid as Hyphessobrycon oritoensis García-Alzate, Román-Valencia & Taphorn 2008 -- (García-Alzate et al. 2010:39 [ref. 30724], García-Alzate et al. 2010:55 [ref. 30716], García-Alzate et al. 2011:709 [ref. 31266], García-Alzate et al. 2013:862 [ref. 32692], Barriga Salazar 2014:107 [ref. 35745], García-Alzate et al. 2015:223 [ref. 33855], García-Alzate et al. 2017:127 [ref. 35253], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:50 [ref. 35633]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon oritoensis García-Alzate, Román-Valencia & Taphorn 2008. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Amazon River basin, Colombia and Ecuador. Habitat: freshwater.

otrynus, Hyphessobrycon Benine [R. C.] & Lopes [G. A. M.] 2008:62, Figs. 1-4 [Zootaxa No. 1747; ref. 29589] Río Portuguesa drainage, río las Marias, at Quebrada Seca, about 45 min upstream by car from Highway 5, 22 kilometers north-north west of Guanare, Portuguesa, Venezuela. Holotype: USNM 349418. Paratypes: LIRP 6040 (10, 2 c&s), USNM 392814 (1). •Valid as Hyphessobrycon otrynus Benine & Lopes 2008 -- (Carvalho & Langeani 2013:526 [ref. 32913], Dagosta et al. 2014:366 [ref. 33382], García-Alzate et al. 2017:125 [ref. 35253], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:50 [ref. 35633], Urbano-Bonilla et al. 2018:86 [ref. 35773], Lima et al. 2022:262 [ref. 39116], Cortés Hernández et al. 2023:455 [ref. 40760]). •Synonym of Hyphessobrycon ocoae (Fowler 1943) -- (Lima et al. 2024:251 [ref. 41835]). Current status: Synonym of Hyphessobrycon ocoae (Fowler 1943). Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Habitat: freshwater.

paepkei, Hyphessobrycon Zarske [A.] 2014:152, Figs. 11-14 [Vertebrate Zoology v. 64 (no. 2); ref. 33403] Manaus (Import), Brazil. Holotype: MTD F 33023. Paratypes: MTD F 33024-41 (18), 33159-66 (8) •Valid as Hyphessobrycon paepkei Zarske 2014 -- (Guimarães et al. 2020:106 [ref. 37899]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon paepkei Zarske 2014. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

panamensis, Hyphessobrycon Durbin [M. L.] in Eigenmann 1908:101 [Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 52 (no. 6); ref. 1221] Río Boqueron, Atlantic Slope, Panama. Lectotype: USNM 120416 [ex MCZ 20688]. Paralectotypes: MCZ 20688 (5, dry), USNM 443817 [ex MCZ 20688] (1). Type catalog: Vari & Howe 1991:27 [ref. 19022]. Author is M. L. Durbin. Lectotype selected by Ota et al. 2020:426 [ref. 37391]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon panamensis Durbin 1908 -- (Bussing 1987:85 [ref. 22927], Weitzman & Palmer 1997:227 [ref. 22743], Bussing 1998:105 [ref. 24179], Zarske & Géry 2002:25 [ref. 25832], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:139 [ref. 27061], García-Alzate et al. 2010:55 [ref. 30716], García-Alzate et al. 2011:709 [ref. 31266], García-Alzate et al. 2013:184 [ref. 32440], Angulo et al. 2013:992 [ref. 33194], Carvalho et al. 2014:248 [ref. 33371], see DoNascimiento et al. 2017:[9] [ref. 35679], Ota et al. 2020:422 [ref. 37391], Elías et al. 2023:3 [ref. 39863]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon panamensis Durbin 1908. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Middle America: Bejuco, Boquerón, Calovébora, Chagres and Lllano Succio River basins, and in the Canal Zone, Atlantic and Pacific watersheds (Panama). Habitat: freshwater.

pando, Hyphessobrycon Hein [G.] 2009:2, Figs. 3-5 [Bulletin of Fish Biology v. 10 (nos 1/2); ref. 30362] Río Manuripi, near Puerto Cardenas (11°20.083'S, 67°44.576'W), Departamento Pando, Bolivia. Holotype: ZFMK 41452. Paratypes: CIRA-UTB 973 a-c (3); MTD F 30756-89 (3), ZFMK 41453-56 (4). Plus non-type specimens. Type catalog: Herder et al. 2010:117 [ref. 31087]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon pando Hein 2009 -- (Sarmiento et al. 2014:47, 184 [ref. 35004]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon pando Hein 2009. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Bolivia; possible lower Peru. Habitat: freshwater.

parvellus, Hyphessobrycon Ellis [M. D.] 1911:153, Pl. 2 (fig. 1) [Annals of the Carnegie Museum v. 8 (no. 1, art. 2); ref. 1269] Rio Catú at Alagoinhas, Brazil. Holotype: FMNH 54392 [ex CM 3011]. Paratypes: (14) FMNH 54298-99 (1, 7), 54393-95 (3, 1, 1). Type catalog: Henn 1928:66 [ref. 12305], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:48 [ref. 12367]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon parvellus Ellis 1911 -- (Lima & Gerhard 2001:110 [ref. 25355], Lima & Costa 2001:233 [ref. 25700], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:139 [ref. 27061], Zanata & Camelier 2010:776 [ref. 31077], Dagosta et al. 2014:366 [ref. 33382], Petry et al. 2016:302 [ref. 34966] as aff. parvellus, Zanata et al. 2018:[11] [ref. 35863], Faria et al. 2018:8 [ref. 35883], Silva et al. 2020:6 [ref. 37809], Lima et al. 2024:197 [ref. 40817], Vieira-Guimarães et al. 2024:39 [ref. 41258]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon parvellus Ellis 1911. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Catu and Itapicuru rivers (northeastern Brazil). Habitat: freshwater.

paucilepis, Hyphessobrycon García-Alzate [C. A.], Román-Valencia [C.] & Taphorn [D. C.] 2008:149, Figs. 7, 10A, 11A [Vertebrate Zoology v. 58 (no. 2); ref. 29919] Los Quediches Reservoir, overflow channel, Lara state, Venezuela. Holotype: IUQ 1897. Paratypes: CPUCLA A 532 (5); IUQ 1898 (1, c&s); MBUCV-V 903 (4, c&s), V-6933 (6), V-23706 (42), V-23710 (3). •Valid as Hyphessobrycon paucilepis García-Alzate, Román-Valencia & Taphorn 2008 -- (García-Alzate et al.2010:801 [ref. 30824], García-Alzate et al. 2010:456 [ref. 31066], García-Alzate et al. 2013:862 [ref. 32692], García-Alzate et al. 2017:128 [ref. 35253]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon paucilepis García-Alzate, Román-Valencia & Taphorn 2008. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: lower Orinoco basin, Lara state, northern Venezuela. Habitat: freshwater.

peruvianus, Hyphessobrycon Ladiges [W.] in Arnold 1938:646, Fig. 10 [Wochenschrift für Aquarien- und Terrarienkunde v. 35 (no. 41); ref. 30135] Between Tabatinga and Iquitos, Upper Amazon, Loreto State, Peru. Lectotype: ZMH H60 [ex 17758 in part]. Paralectotypes (3): ZMH H182 [ex 17758] (1). Type catalog: Ladiges et al. 1958:157 [ref. 19181], Wilkens & Dohse 1993:402 [ref. 21161]. Lectotype selected by Ladiges et al. 1958:157 [ref. 19181]. Also described by LAdiges 1938:50 [ref. 17153], which iss the formal scientific description, but it is predated by Ladiges in Arnold 1938 by four days. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon peruvianus Ladiges 1938 -- (Ortega & Vari 1986:8 [ref. 9708], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:139 [ref. 27061], Barriga Salazar 2014:107 [ref. 35745], Lima et al. 2014:177 [ref. 33535], Ohara & Lima 2015:570 [ref. 33846], Zarske 2015:295 [ref. 34028], Dagosta et al. 2016:258 [ref. 34377], Marinho et al. 2016:248 [ref. 34376], Marinho et al. 2016:519 [ref. 34591], Zarske 2016:112 [ref. 34774], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:50 [ref. 35633], Faria et al. 2020:374 [ref. 37543], Meza-Vargas et al. 2021:18 [ref. 39298], Chuctaya et al. 2022:22 [ref. 42137]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon peruvianus Ladiges 1938. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Amazon River basin (Ecuador, Peru, Colombia and Brazil). IUCN (2016): Least Concern. Habitat: freshwater.

petricolus, Hyphessobrycon Ohara [W. M.], Lima [F. C. T.] & Barros [B. S.] 2017:243, Figs. 1-3 [Zootaxa 4221 (no. 2); ref. 35067] Stream tributary to the middle Rio Roosevelt, Colniza, Mato Grosso, Brazil, 9°8'40"S, 60°45'5"W. Holotype: MZUSP 120694. Paratypes: ANSP, INPA, MZUSP, ZUEC. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon petricolus Ohara, Lima & Barros 2017 -- (Ohara et al. 2017:10 [ref. 35494], Dagosta et al. 2022:11 [ref. 39143], Marinho & Dagosta 2024:16 [ref. 41147]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon petricolus Ohara, Lima & Barros 2017. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Aripuanã River drainage, Madeira River basin, northwestern Mato Grosso, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

peugeoti, Hyphessobrycon Ingenito [L. F. S.], Lima [F. C. T.] & Buckup [P. A.] 2013:33, Figs. 1-4 [Neotropical Ichthyology v. 11 (no. 1); ref. 32568] Stream at fazenda São Nicolau, left margin of rio Juraena, 9°52'02.3"S, 58°16'45.6"W. Cortriguaça, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Holotype: MNRJ 38988. Paratypes: ANSP 190999 (2); MNRJ 29503 (1), 29521 (2), 29609 (11); MZUSP 77734 (67); ZUEC 6362 (2). Named after the Peugeot family, the correct species epithet would be peugeotorum, but the specific epithet doesn't need to be corrected. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon peugeoti Ingenito, Lima & Buckup 2013 -- (Teixeira et al. 2014:613 [ref. 33097], Teixeira et al. 2016:474 [ref. 34088], Pastana & Ohara 2016:396 [ref. 34716]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon peugeoti Ingenito, Lima & Buckup 2013. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: middle Rio Juruena drainage, upper Rio Tapajós basin, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

piabinhas, Hyphessobrycon Fowler [H. W.] 1941:187, Fig. 97 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 93; ref. 1437] Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. Holotype: ANSP 69580. Paratypes: ANSP 69581-92 (12), 69593 (missing), 69594-98 (5); Géry coll. (2) [ex. ANSP 69599-600]. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:52 [ref. 13621]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon piabinhas Fowler 1941 -- (Lima & Gerhard 2001:110 [ref. 25355], Lima & Costa 2001:233 [ref. 25700], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:139 [ref. 27061], Dagosta et al. 2014:366 [ref. 33382]; Marinho et al. 2024:3 [ref. 41661]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon piabinhas Fowler 1941. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Fortaleza, Ceará (Brazil). Habitat: freshwater.

pinnistriatus, Hyphessobrycon Carvalho [F. R.], Cabeceira [F. G.] & Carvalho [L. N.] 2017:2, Figs. 1-4 [Journal of Fish Biology v. 91 (no. 3); ref. 35509] Igarapé affluent of Rio Cristalino, Parque Estadual Cristalino, municipality of Novo Mundo, Mato Grosso State, Brazil, 09°27'10.5"S, 55°49'52.7"W, elevation 806 meters. Holotype: DZSJRP 20598. Paratypes: CPUFMT, DZSJRP, INPA, LBP, LIRP, MCP, MNRJ, MZUSP, UFRGS, ZUFMS. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon pinnistriatus Carvalho, Cabeceira & Carvalho 2017. Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon pinnistriatus Carvalho, Cabeceira & Carvalho 2017. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Rio Teles Pires drainage, upper Rio Tapajós basin, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

piorskii, Hyphessobrycon Guimarães [E. C.], Brito [P. S. de], Feitosa [L. M.], Carvalho-Costa [L. F.] & Ottoni [F. P.] 2018:86, Figs. 1-5 [ZooKeys No. 765; ref. 35965] Stream at the Anapurus municipality, Maranhão State, Brazil, 03°40'14"S, 43°07'10"W. Holotype: CICCAA 00695. Paratypes: CICCAA, CPUFMA, UFRJ. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon piorskii Guimarães, Brito, Feitosa, Carvalho-Costa & Ottoni 2018 -- (Guimarães et al. 2019:351 [ref. 36774], Guimarães et al. 2020:106 [ref. 37899], Koerber et al. 2022:34 [ref. 39235], Vieira et al. 2023:17 [ref. 40759]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon piorskii Guimarães, Brito, Feitosa, Carvalho-Costa & Ottoni 2018. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: upper Munim and Preguiças river basins (Maranhão, northeastern Brazil). Habitat: freshwater.

piranga, Hyphessobrycon Camelier [P.], Dagosta [F. C. P.] & Marinho [M. M. F.] 2018:1151 [3], Figs. 1-3 [Journal of Fish Biology v. 92 (no. 4); ref. 35836] Rio Verde, a tributary of the Rio Papagaio, crossing the road at the Itaipú Farm, Rio Juruena drainage, upper Rio Tapajós basin, Municipality of Tangará da Serra, Mato Grosso State, Brazil, 14°23'09"S, 58°13'54"W. Holotype: MZUSP 117781. Paratypes: LBP, MZUSP. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon piranga Camelier, Dagosta & Marinho 2018. Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon piranga Camelier, Dagosta & Marinho 2018. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Rio Juruena drainage, upper Rio Tapajós basin, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

platyodus, Hyphessobrycon Ohara [W. M.], Abrahão [V. P.] & Espíndola [V. C.] 2017:2, Figs. 1-3 [Journal of Fish Biology v. 91 (no. 3); ref. 35494] Rio Juma, tributary of Rio Aripuanã, Apuí town, nearby the bridge on road BR 230 between Santo Antônio do Matupi (Vila dos 180) and Apuí, Rio Madeira basin, Amazonas, Brazil, 7°12'43"S, 59°55'18"W. Holotype: MZUSP 120555. Paratypes: ANSP, INPA, MCP, MNRJ, MZUSP, ZUEC. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon platyodus Ohara, Abrahão & Espíndola 2017 -- (Ota et al. 2020:432 [ref. 37391], Pastana et al. 2025:309 [ref. 42141]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon platyodus Ohara, Abrahão & Espíndola 2017. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Rio Juma subdrainage, Rio Aripuanã drainage, Madeira River basin, Amazonas, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

poecilioides, Hyphessobrycon Eigenmann [C. H.] 1913:29 [Indiana University Studies No. 18; ref. 1229] Cali, Colombia. Holotype: FMNH 56290 [ex CM 5091]. Paratypes: (over 100, CM and IU) CAS 77396 [ex IU 12850] (15); FMNH 56291 (17), 75150 (19); USNM 79214 (4). Plus additional non-type material. Type catalog: Henn 1928:66 [ref. 12305], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:48 [ref. 12367], Vari & Howe 1991:27 [ref. 19022]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon poecilioides Eigenmann 1913 -- (Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:139 [ref. 27061], Zarske & Géry 2004:36 [ref. 28039], García-Alzate et al. 2008:48 [ref. 29671], García-Alzate & Román-Valencia 2008:13 [ref. 30008], García-Alzate et al. 2010:55 [ref. 30716], García-Alzate et al. 2011:709 [ref. 31266], Carvalho & Langeani 2013:526 [ref. 32913], García-Alzate 2015:223 [ref. 33855], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:50 [ref. 35633], Ardila Rodríguez 2022:12 [ref. 39172], Ardila Rodríguez 2022:15 [ref. 39810]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon poecilioides Eigenmann 1913. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Cauca River basin, Colombia. Habitat: freshwater.

procerus, Hyphessobrycon Mahnert [V.] & Géry [J.] 1987:311, Figs. 3-4 [Bonner Zoologische Beiträge v. 38 (no. 4); ref. 9115] Río Guyrau-gua at Ltr. Juan meters. Frutos, Departo. Caaguazu, Paraguay. Holotype: MHNG 2385.68. Paratypes: MHNG 2385.69 (orig. 28, 2 c&s); MNHN 1988-0468 (2); MZUSP 45714 [ex MHNG 2385.69] (2); USNM 290841 [ex MNHG 2385.69] (3); ZFMK 155`8-19 (2). Type catalog: Vari & Howe 1991:27 [ref. 19022], Oyakawa 1996:469 [ref. 23140], Weber 1998:7 [ref. 32707], Herder et al. 2010:117 [ref. 31087]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon procerus Mahnert & Géry 1987 -- (Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:139 [ref. 27061], Carvalho & Langeani 2013:526 [ref. 32913], Dagosta et al. 2014:366 [ref. 33382], Koerber et al. 2017:41 [ref. 35267]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon procerus Mahnert & Géry 1987. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Guyrau-gua River basin, Paraguay. Habitat: freshwater.

procyon, Hyphessobrycon Pastana [M. N. L.] & Ohara [W. M.] 2016:387, Figs. 1-3 [Zootaxa 4161 (no. 3); ref. 34716] Rio Juma on road BR 230 between Vila dos 180 and Apuí, rio Aripuanã drainage, rio Madeira basin, Amazonas State, Brazil, 7°12'43"S, 59°55'18"W. Holotype: MZUSP 118846. Paratypes: INPA, MZUSP, ZUEC. Plus non-type material. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon procyon Pastana & Ohara 2016 -- (Ohara et al. 2017:10 [ref. 35494], Ota et al. 2020:432 [ref. 37391]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon procyon Pastana & Ohara 2016. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Rio Aripuanã drainage, Madeira basin, Amazonas, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

proteus, Hyphessobrycon Eigenmann [C. H.] 1913:28 [Indiana University Studies No. 18; ref. 1229] Quibdó, municipio de Yuto, Colombia. Holotype: FMNH 56293 [ex CM 5094]. Paratypes: (271+, CM and IU) CAS 57603 [ex IU 12858] (29), 60478-83 [ex IU 12857 down to 12852] (1, 3, 1, 16, 25, 25); FMNH 56294-99 (31, 43, 30, 37, 1, 1), 56381-82 (1, 4), 69778 (50); CAS-SU 22754 (6); USNM 79215 (4), 167819 (8). Type catalog: Henn 1928:66 [ref. 12305], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:48 [ref. 12367], Vari & Howe 1991:27 [ref. 19022]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon proteus Eigenmann 1913 -- (Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:139 [ref. 27061], García-Alzate et al. 2008:48 [ref. 29671], García-Alzate et al. 2010:55 [ref. 30716], García-Alzate et al. 2011:709 [ref. 31266], García-Alzate 2015:223 [ref. 33855], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:50 [ref. 35633], Ardila Rodríguez 2022:7 [ref. 39172], Ardila Rodríguez 2022:15 [ref. 39810], Lima et al. 2024:199 [ref. 40817]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon proteus Eigenmann 1913. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Magdalena River basin, Colombia. Habitat: freshwater.

psittacus, Hyphessobrycon Dagosta [F. C. P.], Marinho [M. M. F.], Camelier [P.] & Lima [F. C. T.] 2016:250, Figs. 1, 3 [Copeia v. 104 (no.1); ref. 34377] Rio Papagaio, tributary of the Rio Juruena, upper Rio Tapajós basin, Sapezal, Mato Grosso, Brazil, 13°33’41.7"S, 58°24’26.9"W. Holotype: MZUSP 115550. Paratypes: INPA, LBP, MCP, MZUEL, MZUSP, USNM, ZUEC. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon psittacus Dagosta, Marinho, Camelier & Lima 2016 -- (Ohara et al. 2017:249 [ref. 35067]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon psittacus Dagosta, Marinho, Camelier & Lima 2016. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Rio Papagaio basin, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

pulchripinnis, Hyphessobrycon Ahl [E.] 1937:235 [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 120 (nos 9/10); ref. 15262] Amazon River? (aquarium specimens). Holotype: ZMB 20849 (male). Paratypes: ZMB 32425 (1, female). Types mentioned: Paepke 1995:92 [ref. 21847], Zarske & Géry 1995:115, Fig. 10 [ref. 22674]. •Valid, placement uncertain -- (Weitzman & Palmer 1997:238 [ref. 22743]). •Valid as Hyphessobrycon pulchripinnis Ahl 1937 -- (Zarske & Géry 1995:119 [ref. 22674], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:139 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2010:509 [ref. 31006], Lima & Flausino 2016:94 [ref. 34408], Carvalho et al. 2017:9 [ref. 35509], Pastana et al. 2017:13 [ref. 35596]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon pulchripinnis Ahl 1937. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Tapajós River basin, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

pyrrhonotus, Hyphessobrycon Burgess [W. E.] 1993:157, Figs. [Tropical Fish Hobbyist v. 42 (no. 1); ref. 20808] Rio Ereré, tributary to Rio Negro, Brazil. Holotype: MZUSP 45714. Paratypes: USNM 326184 (8). Type catalog: Oyakawa 1996:469 [ref. 23140]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon pyrrhonotus Burgess 1993 -- (Weitzman & Palmer 1997:236 [ref. 22743], Zarske & Géry 1997:310 [ref. 23715], Weitzman & Palmer 1997:170 [ref. 24507], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:139 [ref. 27061], Hein 2009:9 [ref. 30362] as phyrronotus, Guimarães et al. 2019:351 [ref. 36774], Guimarães et al. 2020:106 [ref. 37899]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon pyrrhonotus Burgess 1993. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Negro River basin, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

pytai, Hyphessobrycon Géry [J.] & Mahnert [V.] 1993:33, Fig. 1 [Revue française d'Aquariologie Herpétologie v. 20 (no. 2); ref. 21011] Caaguazu, small tributary of Río Güyraugua, near Juan Frutos, Río Monday basin (Parana), Paraguay. Holotype: MHNG 2543.86. Paratypes: MHNG 2543.87-89 (5, 1 c&s). Type catalog: Weber 1998:8 [ref. 32707]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon pytai Géry & Mahnert 1993 -- (Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:139 [ref. 27061], Koerber et al. 2017:41 [ref. 35267]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon pytai Géry & Mahnert 1993. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Güyraugua River basin, Paraguay. Habitat: freshwater.

quibdoensis, Hyphessobrycon Ardila Rodríguez [C. A.] 2022:13, Figs. 2C, 6B, 8, 12C [Barranquilla, Departamento del Atlántico No. 80; ref. 39810] Río Cabí, cuenca del río Atrato, Municipio de Quibdó, Departamento del Chocó, Colombia, elevation 43 meters. Holotype: CAR 940. Paratypes: CAR 916 (8). •Valid as Hyphessobrycon quibdoensis Ardila Rodríguez 2022. Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon quibdoensis Ardila Rodríguez 2022. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Río Cabí drainage, lower Río Atrato basin, Departamento del Chocó, Colombia. Habitat: freshwater.

reticulatus, Hyphessobrycon Ellis [M. D.] 1911:153, Pl. 2 (fig. 2) [Annals of the Carnegie Museum v. 8 (no. 1, art. 2); ref. 1269] Rio Parahyba at Campos, Brazil. Holotype: FMNH 54397 [ex CM 3018]. Paratypes: (24) CAS 57604 [ex IU 13294] (2), FMNH 54308 (1), 54398-401 (1, 7, 1, 6), 54921 (1). Type catalog: Henn 1928:66 [ref. 12305], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:48 [ref. 12367]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon reticulatus Ellis 1911 -- (Almirón & Casciotta 1999:344 [ref. 24405], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:139 [ref. 27061], López et al. 2003:27 [ref. 27366], Menni 2004:77 [ref. 28131], Almirón et al. 2006:895 [ref. 29163], Carvalho & Langeani 2013:526 [ref. 32913], Di Dario et al. 2013:262 [ref. 37503], Litz & Koerber 2014:16 [ref. 33622], Bragança et al. 2015:260 [ref. 34051], Mirande & Koerber 2015:26 [ref. 35117], Nión et al. 2016:30 [ref. 35565], Guimarães et al. 2018:83 [ref. 35965], dos Reis et al. 2020:459 [ref. 38364]). •Probably a synonym of Hyphessobrycon boulengeri (Eigenmann 1907) -- (Lima et al. 2024:200 [ref. 40817]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon reticulatus Ellis 1911. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: coastal river drainages in Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

reyae, Hyphessobrycon Ardila Rodríguez [C. A.] 2022:12, Figs. 1, 6A, 7D, 10B, 12B [Barranquilla, Departamento del Atlántico No. 80; ref. 39810] Quebrada La Ruitoca, vereda del Valle de Ruitoque, Municipio de Floridablanca, Departamento de Santander, Colombia. Holotype: CAR 910. Paratypes: CAR 913 (23), 914 (16), 918 (10), 955 (18), •Valid as Hyphessobrycon reyae Ardila Rodríguez 2022. Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon reyae Ardila Rodríguez 2022. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Municipio de Floridablanca, Departamento de Santander, Colombia. Habitat: freshwater.

rheophilus, Hyphessobrycon Ohara [W. M.], Teixeira [T. F.], Albornoz-Garzón [J. G.], Mirande [J. M.] & Lima [F. C. T.] 2019:562, Figs. 1-5 [Zootaxa 4712 (no. 4); ref. 37197] Rapids 700 meters downstream Cachoeira de Dardanelos, Rio Aripuanã, Aripuanã, Mato Grosso, Brazil, 10°9'59"S, 59°27'2"’W. Holotype: MZUSP 121508. Paratypes: ANSP, CI-FML, INPA, MCP, MNRJ, MZUSP, ZUEC. Plus additional non-type material. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon rheophilus Ohara, Teixeira, Albornoz-Garzón, Mirande & Lima 2019. Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon rheophilus Ohara, Teixeira, Albornoz-Garzón, Mirande & Lima 2019. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Rio Aripuanã drainage, Brazil and upper Orinoco and Negro River basins, Venezuela, Colombia and Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

ribeiroi, Hyphessobrycon Lima [F. T. C.], Silva-Oliveira [C.], Oliveira [C.] & Faria [T. C.] 2025:3, Figs. 1-2 [Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia, Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo v. 65: e202565011; ref. 41903] Igarapé Sonrisal, tributary of lago Verde, rio Tapajós basin, Santarém, Pará, Brazil, 02°32'05"S, 54°55'25"W. Holotype: ZUEC 18037. Paratypes: ANSP, INPA, LBP, MCP, MPEG, MZUSP, ROM, UF, UFOPA, ZUEC. Plus additional non-type material. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon ribeiroi Lima, Silva-Oliveira, Oliveira & Faria 2025. Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon ribeiroi Lima, Silva-Oliveira, Oliveira & Faria 2025. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: lower rio Tapajós basin to lower rio Negro basin, middle Amazon River basin, Pará, Amazonas and Roraima, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

robustulus, Hemigrammus Cope [E. D.] 1870:561 [Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society v. 11; ref. 914] Pebas, Peru. Lectotype: ANSP 8037. Paralectotypes: ANSP 8038-52 (15). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:53 [ref. 13621] as holotype (8037) and paratypes. Lectotype selected by Fowler 1906:335 [ref. 1373]. •Species inquirenda -- (Lima et al. 2024:205 [ref. 40817]). •Valid as Hyphessobrycon robustulus (Cope 1870) -- (Ortega & Vari 1986:8 [ref. 9708], Zarske & Géry 1997:310 [ref. 23715], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:139 [ref. 27061], Barriga Salazar 2014:107 [ref. 35745], Meza-Vargas et al. 2021:18 [ref. 39298], Chuctaya et al. 2022:22 [ref. 42137]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon robustulus (Cope 1870). Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Peru. IUCN (2016): Least Concern. Habitat: freshwater.

roseus, Megalamphodus Géry [J.] 1960:26, Pl. 2 (fig. 3); Figs. 10-11 [Senckenbergiana Biologica v. 41 (no. 1/2); ref. 1605] Creeks near Gaa Kaba, Maroni, French Guiana. Holotype: SMF 4784. Paratypes: ANSP 112496 (1 or 2), 139704 (1); Géry coll. 57 Che 03-25-2 to 13 (8), 57 Che 03-30-14 & 15 (2), 57 Che 03-32-16 to 21 (orig. 15); ZMA 100620 (2); SMF 4790 (4). Type catalog: Nijssen et al. 1982:21 [ref. 19236], Böhlke 1984:53 [ref. 13621]. •Valid as Megalamphodus roseus Géry 1960 -- (Planquette et al. 1996:332 [ref. 22818], Keith et al. 2000:13 [ref. 24547]). •Valid as Hyphessobrycon roseus (Géry 1960) -- (Weitzman & Palmer 1997:235 [ref. 22743], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:140 [ref. 27061], Borstein et al. 2022:16 [ref. 39507]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon roseus (Géry 1960). Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: French Guyana and Suriname. Habitat: freshwater.

rutiliflavidus, Hyphessobrycon Carvalho [F. R.], Langeani [F.], Miyazawa [C. S.] & Troy [W. P.] 2008:40, Figs. 1-3 [Zootaxa No. 1674; ref. 29435] Córrego das Pipas, between Chapada dos Guimarães and Santo Antônio do Levergere, upper rio Paraguay basin, Mato Grosso, Brazil, 15°41’23"S, 55°29'48.8"W [42'W]. Holotype: DZSJRP 7444. Paratypes: DZSJRP 5347 (8, 1 c&s), 6653 (9), 6654 (12, 1 c&s), 8502 (21, 1 c&s); LIRP 5945 (3); MCP 40975 (4); MNRJ 30121 (3); MZUSP 92438 (4). Type catalog: Andrade et al. 2017:440 [ref. 35588] with locality as 42'W. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon rutiliflavidus Carvalho, Langeani, Miyazawa & Troy 2008 -- (Carvalho & Langeani 2013:526 [ref. 32913], Teixeira et al. 2016:474 [ref. 34088]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon rutiliflavidus Carvalho, Langeani, Miyazawa & Troy 2008. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Upper Paraguai River drainage, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

saizi, Hyphessobrycon Géry [J.] 1964:46, Fig. 11 [Tropical Fish Hobbyist v. 12 (no. 5, Jan.); ref. 1582] Río Manacacias into upper Río Meta at Restrepo, Colombia. Holotype: USNM 198647. Paratypes: Géry coll. M.363 (orig. 4), ZMA 114206 (1). Type catalog: Nijssen et al. 1982:20 [ref. 19236], Vari & Howe 1991:27 [ref. 19022]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon saizi Géry 1964 -- (Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:140 [ref. 27061], García-Alzate et al. 2010:55 [ref. 30716], García-Alzate et al. 2011:709 [ref. 31266], Dagosta et al. 2014:366 [ref. 33382], García-Alzate et al. 2015:223 [ref. 33855], García-Alzate et al. 2017:125 [ref. 35253], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:50 [ref. 35633]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon saizi Géry 1964. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Orinoco River basin, Colombia. Habitat: freshwater.

santae, Hemigrammus Eigenmann [C. H.] in Eigenmann & Ogle 1907:16 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 33 (no. 1556); ref. 1266] Lagoa Santa, Brazil. Holotype: USNM 55652. Paratypes: USNM 55652 (1, with holotype). Type catalog: Vari & Howe 1991:25 [ref. 19022]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon santae (Eigenmann 1907) -- (Britski et al. 1999:43 [ref. 24147], Lima & Gerhard 2001:110 [ref. 25355], Zarske & Géry 2002:32 [ref. 26553], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:140 [ref. 27061], Carvalho & Langeani 2013:526 [ref. 32913], Teixeira et al. 2016:474 [ref. 34088], Silva et al. 2020:6 [ref. 37809], Quintela et al. 2023:6 [ref. 40727]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon santae (Eigenmann 1907). Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: São Francisco River basin (Brazil). Habitat: freshwater.

sateremawe, Hyphessobrycon Faria [T. C.], Bastos [D. A.], Zuanon [J.] & Lima [F. C. T.] 2020:276, Figs. 1-3 [Zootaxa 4859 (no. 2); ref. 37838] Stream tributary to rio Abacaxis, Paraná do Urariá basin, Nova Olinda do Norte, Amazonas, Brazil, 4°17'5"S, 58°34'44"W. Holotype: INPA 59494. Paratypes: ANSP, FMNH, INPA, MPEG, ZUEC. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon sateremawe Faria, Bastos, Zuanon & Lima 2020 -- (Faria et al. 2025:15 [ref. 42414]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon sateremawe Faria, Bastos, Zuanon & Lima 2020. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Abacaxis and Maués-Açu River drainages, Paraná do Urariá River basin, Amazonas State, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

savagei, Hyphessobrycon Bussing [W. A.] 1967:215, Fig. 2 [Revista de Biología Tropical v. 14 (no. 2) (1966); ref. 7946] Río Ceibo at Interamerican highway, 6 kilometers west of Buenos Aires turnoff, Puntarenas, Costa Rica, elevation 260 meters. Holotype: LACM 9237-1. Paratypes: LACM 2715 (5), 2856 (102), 2921 (339), 2937 (2), 2956 (4), 4742 (12), 4760 (1), 4808 (14), 4836 (15), 4851 (33), 4881 (8); UCR 42-1 (43); Univ. Miami 5613 (12). Type catalog: Angulo et al. 2015:376 [ref. 35212]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon savagei Bussing 1967 -- (Bussing 1987:87 [ref. 22927], Bussing 1998:108 [ref. 24179], Zarske & Géry 2002:25 [ref. 25832], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:140 [ref. 27061], García-Alzate et al. 2013:188 [ref. 32440], Angulo et al. 2013:992 [ref. 33194], Ota et al. 2020:427 [ref. 37391], Elías et al. 2023:3 [ref. 39863]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon savagei Bussing 1967. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Middle America: Pírris and Térraba River drainages (Pacific Slope of Costa Rica). Habitat: freshwater.

schauenseei, Hyphessobrycon Fowler [H. W.] 1926:254, Fig. [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 78; ref. 15586] Rio Inhangapy [Inhangapi], Pará, Brazil. Holotype: ANSP 90878. Paratypes: ANSP 90879 (3). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:54 [ref. 13621]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon schauenseei Fowler 1926 -- (Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:140 [ref. 27061]). •Possibly a synonym of Hemigrammus bellottii (Steindachner 1882) -- (Lima et al. 2024:201 [ref. 40817]) Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon schauenseei Fowler 1926. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Inhangapi River drainage, Brazil (only known from the type locality). Habitat: freshwater.

scholzei, Hyphessobrycon Ahl [E.] 1937:445 [Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin 1936 (nos 8-10); ref. 15263] Amazon River at Pará, Brazil [aquarium import]; in error, probably northern Venezuela. Lectotype: ZMB 20798. Paralectotype: ZMB 32430 (1). Types mentioned: Paepke 1995:92 [ref. 21847], Zarske & Géry 1995:115 [ref. 22674]. Lectotype selected by Zarske & Géry 1995:116 [ref. 22674]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon scholzei Ahl 1937 -- (Zarske & Géry 1995:119 [ref. 22674], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:140 [ref. 27061], Zarske & Géry 2004:36 [ref. 28039] dated 1935, DoNascimiento et al. 2017:[9] [ref. 35679], Lima et al. 2025:52 [ref. 41921]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon scholzei Ahl 1937. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: coastal Caribbean drainages and Portuguesa River drainage, lower Orinoco River basin, northern Venezuela. Habitat: freshwater.

scutulatus, Hyphessobrycon Lucena [C. A. S. de] 2003:94, Figs. 1-2 [Neotropical Ichthyology v. 1 (no. 2); ref. 27437] Rio Kaiapá, MT 320 road, about 5 kilometers from Nova Camaã do Norte, rio Teles Pires drainage, rio Tapajós system, 10°36'16"S, 55°42'26"W, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Holotype: MCP 33333. Paratypes: MCP 32356 (129), 33729 (13, 7 c&s). •Valid as Hyphessobrycon scutulatus Lucena 2003 -- (Dagosta et al. 2014:366 [ref. 33382]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon scutulatus Lucena 2003. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Teles Pires River tributary of the Tapajós River system, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

sebastiani, Hyphessobrycon García-Alzate [C. A.], Román-Valencia [C.] & Taphorn [D. C.] 2010:56, Figs. 1-4 [Zootaxa No. 2349; ref. 30716] Chocó, Ismina, San Juan River drainage, Patecucho Creek, approximately 5°09'N, 76°40'W, Pacific versant, Colombia. Holotype: IUQ 1942. Paratypes: IMCN 0429 (2), 2193 (5); IUQ 1943 (2, c&s); MCNG 54650 (3). •Valid as Hyphessobrycon sebastiani García-Alzate, Román-Valencia & Taphorn 2010 -- (García-Alzate et al. 2011:709 [ref. 31266], García-Alzate et al. 2013:188 [ref. 32440], Carvalho et al. 2014:248 [ref. 33371], García-Alzate et al. 2015:223 [ref. 33855], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:51 [ref. 35633]). •Synonym of Hyphessobrycon condotensis Regan 1913 -- (Ota et al. 2020:412 [ref. 37391]). Current status: Synonym of Hyphessobrycon condotensis Regan 1913. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: upper Atrato River basin, Colombia [if valid]. Habitat: freshwater.

sergipanus, Hyphessobrycon Bragança [P. H. N.], Ottoni [F. P.] & Rangel-Pereira [F. S.] 2016:373 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 27 (no. 4) for Dec.; ref. 34918] Coastal Piauí river basin, Sergipe State, northeastern Brazil, 11°15'S, 37°16'W. Holotype: UFRJ 5281. Paratypes: UFRJ. Replacement name for Hyphessobrycon ellisae Bragança et al. 2015. •Synonym of Hyphessobrycon itaparicensis Lima & Costa 2001 -- (Zanata et al. 2018:[2] [ref. 35863]). Replacement Name. Current status: Synonym of Hyphessobrycon itaparicensis Lima & Costa 2001. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Habitat: freshwater.

simulata, Pseudopristella Géry [J.] 1960:18, Pl. 2 (fig. 1); Figs. 3-4 [Senckenbergiana Biologica v. 41 (no. 1/2); ref. 1605] Kourou River (coast), French Guiana. Holotype: SMF 4786. Paratypes: ANSP 112203 (1), 139703 (4); Géry coll. 57-T-27-A B & C (6), 57-T-27-D (orig. 14), 57-T-27-E (orig. 32), 57-T-27-F (3); MHNG 2171,80 (32, now 21); MNHN 1980-1449 (2); SMF 4788 (2); ZMA 100621 (6), 113855 (2); ZSM 26762 [ex MHNG 2172.80] (2) Type catalog: Nijssen et al. 1982:24 [ref. 19236], Böhlke 1984:54 [ref. 13621], Neumann 2011:247 [ref. 31652]. •Valid as Pseudopristella simulata Géry 1960 -- (Géry et al. 1991:60 [ref. 21021], Planquette et al. 1996:336 [ref. 22818]). •Valid as Hyphessobrycon simulatus (Géry 1960) -- (Weitzman & Palmer 1997:235 [ref. 22743], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:140 [ref. 27061], Guimarães et al. 2019:354 [ref. 36774]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon simulatus (Géry 1960). Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Maroni, Mana, Sinnamary, Kourou, Comté, Approuague and Oyapock River basins, French Guiana. Habitat: freshwater.

sovichthys, Hyphessobrycon Schultz [L. P.] 1944:350, Fig. 53 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 95 (no. 3181); ref. 3960] Ciénaga del Guanavana, about 10 kilometers north of Sinamaica, Maracaibo basin, Venezuela. Holotype: USNM 121534. Paratypes: MCZ 37239 [ex USNM 121540] (5); UMMZ 145026 [ex USNM 121540] (5); USNM 121535-39 (1, 14, 1, 37, 7), 121540 (orig. 28, now 17, 1 missing), 21541 (2), 121542 (7). Type catalog: Vari & Howe 1991:27-28 [ref. 19022]. See Planquette et al. 1996:292 [ref. 22818]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon sovichthys Schultz 1944 -- (Galvis et al. 1997:51 [ref. 23651], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:140 [ref. 27061], Zarske & Géry 2004:36 [ref. 28039], Zarske et al. 2006:29 [ref. 28749], García-Alzate et al. 2008:48 [ref. 29671], García-Alzate et al. 2008:144 [ref. 29919], García-Alzate & Román-Valencia 2008:15 [ref. 30008], García-Alzate et al.2010:801 [ref. 30824], Carvalho & Langeani 2013:526 [ref. 32913], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:51 [ref. 35633], Camelier et al. 2018:[11] [ref. 35836], Lima et al. 2025:56 [ref. 41921]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon sovichthys Schultz 1944. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Lake Maracaibo basin and Caribbean drainages, Venezuela and Colombia. Habitat: freshwater.

stegemanni, Hyphessobrycon Géry [J.] 1961:7, Figs. 1-4, plus 1 unnumbered [Tropical Fish Hobbyist v. 9 (no. 9, May); ref. 9351] Between the rio Manoel Alves Pequeno and rio Vermelho, rio Tocantins basin, about 8°19'S, 47°25'W, munic. de Itacajá, Estado do Tocantins, Brazil or Ilha do Bananal, about 11°S, 51°W, rio Javaés, estado do Tocantinus, Brazil. Holotype: USNM 195942. Paratypes: Géry coll. M 1122-5 (now 3); SMF 5302 [ex Géry M1122-5] (1), 5377 (1). Type catalog: Vari & Howe 1991:28 [ref. 19022]. For type locality correction see Lima & Géry 2001:96 [ref. 26057]. Two figures are mislabeled savannensis. Also appeared in German translation by Anonymous 1961:158 [ref. 31369]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon stegemanni Géry 1961 -- (Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:140 [ref. 27061], Zarske & Géry 2004:36 [ref. 28039], Bertaco & Malabarba 2005:87 [ref. 28297], Zarske 2011:9 [ref. 31376], Carvalho & Langeani 2013:526 [ref. 32913], Marinho et al. 2014:263 [ref. 33372], Lima et al. 2014:177 [ref. 33535], Bragança et al. 2015:260 [ref. 34051], Dagosta et al. 2016:258 [ref. 34377], Ohara et al. 2017:249 [ref. 35067], Guimarães et al. 2018:83 [ref. 35965], Koerber et al. 2022:38 [ref. 39235] unconfirmed). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon stegemanni Géry 1961. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Tocantins River basin (Brazil). Habitat: freshwater.

stramineus, Hyphessobrycon Durbin [M. L.] in Eigenmann 1918:190 [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 43 (pt 2); ref. 1240] Tabatinga, Amazon River, Amazonas, Brazil. Holotype (unique): MCZ 20772. Author is M. L. Durbin. Appeared first as name from Durbin with a locality but no description in Eigenmann 1910:436 [ref. 1224]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon stramineus Durbin 1918 -- (Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:140 [ref. 27061], Carvalho & Langeani 2013:526 [ref. 32913]). •Species inquirenda -- (Lima et al. 2024:205 [ref. 40817]). Nomen Dubium. Current status: Uncertain. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Habitat: freshwater.

taguae, Hyphessobrycon García-Alzate [C. A.], Román-Valencia [C.] & Taphorn [D. C.] 2010:37, Figs. 4-5 [Brenesia No. 70; ref. 30724] Creek about two kilometers from Puerto Luguizamo on road to La Tagua, Puerto Leguizamo, Putumayo, 0°10'15"S, 74°46'23"W, tributary of river Irinda, upper Amazon basin, Colombia, elevation 189 meters. Holotype: IUQ 2288. Paratypes: many at AUM, IAVHP, IUQ and MPUJ. Plus additional non-type material. Type catalog: DoNascimiento et al. 2016:407 [ref. 34787]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon taguae García-Alzate, Román-Valencia & Taphorn 2010 -- (García-Alzate et al. 2010:456 [ref. 31066], García-Alzate et al. 2011:709 [ref. 31266], García-Alzate et al. 2013:862 [ref. 32692], García-Alzate et al. 2015:223 [ref. 33855], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:51 [ref. 35633], Urbano-Bonilla et al. 2018:87 [ref. 35773], Faria et al. 2025:15 [ref. 42414]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon taguae García-Alzate, Román-Valencia & Taphorn 2010. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Amazon and Orinoco river basins, Colombia. Habitat: freshwater.

takasei, Hyphessobrycon Géry [J.] 1964:15, Fig. 2 [Tropical Fish Hobbyist v. 12 (no. 7, Mar.); ref. 2131] Serra do Navio above Macapá, Amapá Territory, Lower Amazon basin, Brazil. Holotype: USNM 198138. Paratypes: Géry coll. M.278,2 (1). Type catalog: Vari & Howe 1991:28 [ref. 19022]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon takasei Géry 1964 -- (Géry et al. 1991:58 [ref. 21021], Planquette et al. 1996:290 [ref. 22818], Weitzman & Palmer 1997:235 [ref. 22743], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:140-141 [ref. 27061], Hein 2009:9 [ref. 30362], Pastana et al. 2017:13 [ref. 35596], Taphorn et al. 2022:16 [ref. 41297] as cf. takasei). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon takasei Géry 1964. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Araguari and Oyapock rivers (Brazil and French Guiana). Habitat: freshwater.

taphorni, Hyphessobrycon García-Alzate [C. A.], Román-Valencia [C.] & Ortega [H.] 2013:862, Fig. 1-2 [Revista de Biología Tropical v. 61 (no. 2); ref. 32692] Aquajal pozo Paiche, Río Tambopata, cuenca del río Madre de Dios, 12°29'04.2"S, 68°57'09.09"W, Peru. Holotype: MUSM 42391. Paratypes: many at AUM, IUQ, MUSM. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon taphorni García-Alzate, Román-Valencia & Ortega 2013 -- (Ohara et al. 2017:249 [ref. 35067], García-Alzate et al. 2017:127 [ref. 35253], Ohara et al. 2017:10 [ref. 35494], Ohara et al. 2019:572 [ref. 37197], Meza-Vargas et al. 2021:18 [ref. 39298]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon taphorni García-Alzate, Román-Valencia & Ortega 2013. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Rio Madeira basin (Peru and Bolivia). Habitat: freshwater.

taurocephalus, Hyphessobrycon Ellis [M. D.] 1911:151, Pl. 1 (fig. 4) [footnote p. 151] [Annals of the Carnegie Museum v. 8 (no. 1, art. 2); ref. 1269] Rio Iguaçu at Serrinha Paraná, Brazil. Holotype: FMNH 54389 [ex CM 3007]. Paratypes: (67) CAS 22778 [ex IU 13277, CM 3008] (5), FMNH 15091-93 (3), 54390 (23), 54391 (22). Type catalog: Henn 1928:66 [ref. 12305], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:48 [ref. 12367]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon taurocephalus Ellis 1911 -- (Lima & Gerhard 2001:111 [ref. 25355], López et al. 2002:59 [ref. 26808], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:141 [ref. 27061], Zarske & Géry 2004:36 [ref. 28039], Carvalho & Langeani 2013:526 [ref. 32913], Carvalho et al. 2014:247 [ref. 33371], Dagosta et al. 2014:366 [ref. 33382], dos Reis et al. 2020:459 [ref. 38364]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon taurocephalus Ellis 1911. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Iguaçú River basin (Brazil). Habitat: freshwater.

tenuis, Hyphessobrycon Géry [J.] 1964:10, Figs. 8-9 [Beiträge zur Neotropischen Fauna v. 4 (no. 1); ref. 1580] Small creek connecting "Zapote Cocha" and "Caño Yarina", on edge of Río Pacaya, tributary of lower Río Ucayali, Peru. Holotype: ZFMK 1327. Paratypes: (15) ANSP 139708 (1), ZFMK 1328 (1), ZMA 113853 (1). Type catalog: Nijssen et al. 1982:20-21 [ref. 19236], Busse 1984:218 [ref. 28342], Böhlke 1984:55 [ref. 13621], Herder et al. 2010:117 [ref. 31087]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon tenuis Géry 1964 -- (Barriga Salazar 2014:107 [ref. 35745], Carvalho & Langeani 2013:526 [ref. 32913], Meza-Vargas et al. 2021:18 [ref. 39298], Chuctaya et al. 2022:22 [ref. 42137]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon tenuis Géry 1964. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: upper Amazon River basin (Peru and Ecuador). IUCN (2016): Least Concern. Habitat: freshwater.

tortuguerae, Hyphessobrycon Böhlke [J. E.] 1958:173, Fig. 1 [Bulletin of the Florida State Museum, Biological Sciences v. 3 (no. 4); ref. 12051] Río Tortugero (Lagoon), 2 miles from ocean inlet, Costa Rica. Holotype: UF 5741. Paratypes: ANSP 80986 (2), 80987 (1, stained); UF 5836 (3). Type catalog: Gilbert 1974:114 [ref. 21035], Böhlke 1984:55 [ref. 13621]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon tortuguerae Böhlke 1958 -- (Villa 1982:105 [ref. 36708], Bussing 1987:88 [ref. 22927], Zarske & Géry 1997:310 [ref. 23715], Bussing 1998:110 [ref. 24179], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:141 [ref. 27061], Matamoros et al. 2009:9 [ref. 31241], García-Alzate et al. 2013:184 [ref. 32440], García-Alzate et al. 2013:862 [ref. 32692], Angulo et al. 2013:992 [ref. 33194], Carvalho et al. 2014:248 [ref. 33371], Angulo et al. 2023:25 [ref. 40676], Elías et al. 2023:3 [ref. 39863]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon tortuguerae Böhlke 1958. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Central America: Atlantic watersheds between Patuca River in Honduras and rivers San Juan and Tortuguero in northern Costa Rica (Costa Rica, Honduras). Habitat: freshwater.

troemneri, Cheirodon Fowler [H. W.] 1942:1, Fig. [The Fish Culturist v. 22 (no. 1); ref. 17876] Aquarium fish without locality, thought to have been obtained in Brazil. Holotype (unique): ANSP 70157 [but now with wrong specimen]. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:55 [ref. 13621], but specimen now in ANSP 70157 is not the type (see Weitzman & Palmer 1997:231 [ref. 22743]). The non-type specimen is recataloged as ANSP 210697. •Valid, genus uncertain -- (Weitzman & Palmer 1997:233 [ref. 22743]). •Synonym of Hyphessobrycon rosaceus Durbin 1909 -- (Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:139 [ref. 27061]). •Valid as Hyphessobrycon troemneri (Fowler 1942) -- (Lima et al. 2024:203 [ref. 40817]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon troemneri (Fowler 1942). Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Amazon River basin, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

tropis, Hyphessobrycon Géry [J.] 1963:57, Fig. 5 [Tropical Fish Hobbyist v. 12 (no. 3); ref. 4856] Near Tapurucuara, upper Rio Negro, Brazil. Holotype: USNM 198639 [ex Géry coll. M.336,1]. Paratypes: Géry coll. (1). Type catalog: Vari & Howe 1991:28 [ref. 19022]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon tropis Géry 1963 -- (Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:141 [ref. 27061], Teixeira et al. 2016:474 [ref. 34088], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:[9] [ref. 35679]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon tropis Géry 1963. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Middle Negro River basin, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

tukunai, Hyphessobrycon Géry [J.] 1965:25, Pl. 4 (fig. 12) [Senckenbergiana Biologica v. 46 (no. 1); ref. 1584] Igarapé Préto, along Upper Amazon, near Belem, about 60 kilometers below Leticia, Brazil. Holotype: SMF 7209. Paratypes: Géry coll. 0187 (2), SMF 7210-11 (2) •Valid as Hyphessobrycon tukunai Géry 1965 -- (Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:141 [ref. 27061], Carvalho & Langeani 2013:526 [ref. 32913], Barriga Salazar 2014:107 [ref. 35745] as cf. tukunai, Dagosta et al. 2014:366 [ref. 33382], Sarmiento et al. 2014:184 [ref. 35004], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:51 [ref. 35633]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon tukunai Géry 1965. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Amazon River basin: Brazil, Ecuador?, Colombia and Bolivia. Habitat: freshwater.

tuyensis, Hyphessobrycon García-Alzate [C. A.], Román-Valencia [C.] & Taphorn [D. C.] 2008:151, Figs. 9, 10B, 11B, 12 [Vertebrate Zoology v. 58 (no. 2); ref. 29919] Río Capaya, río Tuy drainage, Miranda, 10°19'20"N, 66°15'12"W, Venezuela. Holotype: IUQ 1914. Paratypes: MBUCV-V 901 (2), V 908 (2 c&s), V 3661 (6), V 3665 (3), V 27964 (5); MHNLS 9207 (17) •Valid as Hyphessobrycon tuyensis García-Alzate, Román-Valencia & Taphorn 2008 -- (García-Alzate et al. 2010:801 [ref. 30824], García-Alzate et al. 2013:862 [ref. 32692]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon tuyensis García-Alzate, Román-Valencia & Taphorn 2008. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Tuy River drainage, northern Venezuela. Habitat: freshwater.

vanzolinii, Hyphessobrycon Lima [F. C. T.] & Flausino Junior [N.] 2016:90, Fig. 1 [aqua, International Journal of Ichthyology v. 22 (no. 2); ref. 34408] Rio Tapajós, Cachoeira Lombo de Anta, near São Luís, Amazon basin, Itaituba, Pará state, Brazil, ca. 4°28'S, 56°15'W. Holotype: MZUSP 119105. Paratypes: ANSP, MZUSP, ZUEC. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon vanzolinii Lima & Flausino Junior 2016 -- (Zarske 2016:114 [ref. 34774], Ohara et al. 2017:11 [ref. 35144], Ohara et al. 2019:572 [ref. 37197], Faria et al. 2020:374 [ref. 37543]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon vanzolinii Lima & Flausino Junior 2016. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Rio Tapajós basin, Pará, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

veredus, Hyphessobrycon Teixeira [T. F.], Dutra [G. M.], Penido [I. de S.], Santos [S. A. dos] & Pessali [T. C.] 2019:2, Figs. 1-8 [Journal of Fish Biology v. 96 (no. 1); ref. 37142] Tributary of Rio Tabatinga, Rio Jequitinhonha basin, Vereda Água Boa, Bocaiuva municipality, Minas Gerais, Brazil, 17°12'37.75"S, 43°37'6.82"W. Holotype: MZUSP 124770. Paratypes: LBP, MCNIP, MNRJ, MPEG, MZUSP, NUP, ZUEC. Type catalog: Oliveira et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39255]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon veredus Teixeira, Dutra, Penido, Santos & Pessali 2019 -- (Vieira-Guimarães et al. 2024:39 [ref. 41258]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon veredus Teixeira, Dutra, Penido, Santos & Pessali 2019. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: upper Jequitinhonha basin, Minas Gerais (Brazil). Habitat: freshwater.

vilmae, Hyphessobrycon Géry [J.] 1966:64, Fig. 1 [Ichthyologica, the Aquarium Journal v. 37 (no. 2, Feb.); ref. 9630] Upper Arinos-Juruena basin, Brazil. Holotype: MHNG 2229.04 [ex Géry coll. M.380.1]. Paratypes: (7) MNHN 1980-1440 (1), USNM 198137 (1), ZMA 113825 (1). Type catalog: Nijssen et al. 1982:21 [ref. 19236], Vari & Howe 1991:28 [ref. 19022], Weber 1998:8 [ref. 32707]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon vilmae Géry 1966 -- (Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:141 [ref. 27061], Lucena 2003:95 [ref. 27437], Zarske & Géry 2004:36 [ref. 28039], García-Alzate et al. 2008:48 [ref. 29671], García-Alzate et al. 2013:862 [ref. 32692], Marinho et al. 2014:263 [ref. 33372], Lima et al. 2014:177 [ref. 33535], Dagosta et al. 2016:258 [ref. 34377], Ohara et al. 2017:249 [ref. 35067], García-Alzate et al. 2017:128 [ref. 35253]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon vilmae Géry 1966. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Upper Tapajós River basin, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

vinaceus, Hyphessobrycon Bertaco [V. A.], Malabarba [L. R.] & Dergam [J. A.] 2007:246, Figs. 1-2 [Neotropical Ichthyology v. 5 (no. 3); ref. 29277] São João do Paraíso, rio São João, tributary to upper rio Pardo, 15°09'50"S, 42°09'45"W, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Holotype: MCP 40916. Paratypes: MCP 40141 (6, 2 c&s), 40915 (3); MZUSP 94439 (3). Bertaco et al. 2007:248 [ref. 29277] •Valid as Hyphessobrycon vinaceus Bertaco, Malabarba & Dergam 2007 -- (Zanata & Camelier 2010:776 [ref. 31077], Carvalho & Langeani 2013:526 [ref. 32913], Dagosta et al. 2014:373 [ref. 33382], Zanata et al. 2018:[11] [ref. 35863], Burger et al. 2019:377 [ref. 36718], Silva et al. 2020:6 [ref. 37809], Vieira-Guimarães et al. 2024:39 [ref. 41258]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon vinaceus Bertaco, Malabarba & Dergam 2007. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Pardo River basin (eastern Brazil). Habitat: freshwater.

wadai, Hyphessobrycon Marinho [M. M. F.], Dagosta [F. C. P.], Camelier [P.] & Oyakawa [O. T.] 2016:511, Figs. 1-3 [Journal of Fish Biology v. 89 (no. 1); ref. 34591] Mato Grosso State, Campo Novo do Parecis, upper Rio Tapajós basin, Rio Juruena drainage, tributary of Rio do Sangue at bridge, Brazil, 13°45'S, 57°31'W. Holotype: MZUSP 117127. Paratypes: INPA, LBP, MCP, MZUEL, MZUSP. Plus non-type specimens. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon wadai Marinho, Dagosta, Camelier & Oyakawa 2016 -- (Zarske 2016:114 [ref. 34774]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon wadai Marinho, Dagosta, Camelier & Oyakawa 2016. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Upper Rio Tapajós basin, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

wajat, Hyphessobrycon Almirón [A. E.] & Casciotta [J. R.] 1999:340, Figs. 1-2 [Revue Suisse de Zoologie v. 106 (no. 2); ref. 24405] Laguna Brava, 27°33'S, 58°44'W, Corrientes Province, La Plata basin, Argentina. Holotype: MLP 9321. Paratypes: MHNG 2593.96 (5); MLP 7853 (10), 7875 (10), 9322 (5). Type catalog: Miquelarena & Nadalin 2014:8 [ref. 33466]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon wajat Almirón & Casciotta 1999 -- (López et al. 2002:61 [ref. 26808], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:141 [ref. 27061], López et al. 2003:27 [ref. 27366], Casciotta et al. 2003:105 [ref. 28130], Menni 2004:77 [ref. 28131], Almirón et al. 2004:674 [ref. 27987], Almirón et al. 2006:895 [ref. 29163], Miquelarena & López 2010:6 [ref. 30749], Carvalho & Langeani 2013:526 [ref. 32913], Mirande & Koerber 2015:26 [ref. 35117]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon wajat Almirón & Casciotta 1999. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Paraná River basin, Argentina. Habitat: freshwater.

weitzmanorum, Hyphessobrycon Lima [F. C. T.] & Moreira [C. R.] 2003:27, Figs. 9-11 [Neotropical Ichthyology v. 1 (no. 1); ref. 27320] Kilometer 476.3 of Ferronorte railroad, 17°25'08"S, 53°13'60"W, córrego Mosquito, município de Alto Araguaia, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Holotype: MZUSP 73315. Paratypes: MCZ 162372 (5); MNRJ 24782 (5); MZUSP 73254 (49), 73271 (20), 73314 (93, 5 c&s), 73317 (26), 73342 (25); USNM 371924 (5). •Valid as Hyphessobrycon weitzmanorum Lima & Moreira 2003 -- (Bertaco & Malabarba 2005:87 [ref. 28297], Carvalho & Langeani 2013:526 [ref. 32913], Carvalho et al. 2014:248 [ref. 33371]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon weitzmanorum Lima & Moreira 2003. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Upper Araguaia River basin, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

werneri, Hyphessobrycon Géry [J.] & Uj [A.] 1987:546, Figs. [Die Aquarien- und Terrarienzeitschrift (DATZ) v. 40 (no. 12); ref. 9103] Forest creek between Santa Maria do Pará and São Miguel de Guama, mouth of Rio Guamá, Pará, Brazil. Holotype: MZUSP 42365. Paratypes: (17, 1 c&s) MHNG, MNHN 1992-0351 (3). Type catalog: Oyakawa 1996:470 [ref. 23140]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon werneri Géry & Uj 1987 -- (Weitzman & Palmer 1997:236 [ref. 22743], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:141 [ref. 27061], Hein 2009:9 [ref. 30362], Guimarães et al. 2018:83 [ref. 35965], Guimarães et al. 2019:351 [ref. 36774], Guimarães et al. 2020:106 [ref. 37899]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon werneri Géry & Uj 1987. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Guamá River basin, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

wosiackii, Hyphessobrycon Moreira [C. R.] & Lima [F. C. T.] 2017:130, Fig. 5 [Zootaxa 4318 (no. 1); ref. 35562] Headwaters of the Igarapé Juruti Grande, a tributary of Rio Amazonas, Juruti, Pará, Brazil, 2°34'36''S, 56°24'3''W. Holotype: MPEG 34741. Paratypes: ANSP, MNRJ, MPEG, ZUEC. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon wosiackii Moreira & Lima 2017 -- (Faria et al. 2020:282 [ref. 37838]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon wosiackii Moreira & Lima 2017. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: Juruti Grande, Amazon basin, Pará, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

zoe, Hyphessobrycon Faria [T. C.], Lima [F. C. T.] & Wosiacki [W. B.] 2020:369, Figs. 1-2 [Copeia v. 108 (no. 2); ref. 37543] Stream tributary of Rio Urucuriana, Estação Ecológica Grão Pará Centro, Rio Paru do Oeste basin, Óbidos, Pará, Brazil, 0°38'10"N, 55°43'24"W. Holotype: MPEG 38859. Paratypes: CAS, FMNH, INPA, MPEG, ZUEC. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon zoe Faria, Lima & Wosiacki 2020. Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon zoe Faria, Lima & Wosiacki 2020. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Paru do Oeste River drainage, Trombetas River basin, Pará, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.