Please look in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes for authorships of sections, Families of Fishes (all), and related information.

Species in the genus Mastacembelus: [ 106 ] records

alboguttatus, Mastacembelus Boulenger [G. A.] 1893:200 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 6) v. 12 (no. 69); ref. 14522] Sittang River and adjacent streams from Toungoo to about 150 miles south, Myanmar. Syntypes: BMNH 1891.11.30.135-138 (4). •Valid as Mastacembelus alboguttatus Boulenger 1893 -- (Travers 1984:143 [ref. 5147], Roberts 1986:103 [ref. 5802], Talwar & Jhingran 1991:1030 [ref. 20764], Kottelat 2013:312 [ref. 32989], Britz 2017:80 [ref. 35487]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus alboguttatus Boulenger 1893. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Ayeyarwaddy, Chindwin and Sittans River basins, Myanmar. Habitat: freshwater.

albomaculatus, Mastacembelus Poll [M.] 1953:239, Fig. 33B [Exploration Hydrobiologique du Lac Tanganika, 1946-1947: Résultats Scientifiques v. 3 (no. 5A); ref. 12661] Kabimba Bay, Democratic Republic of Congo, Lake Tanganyika, depth 1-2 meters. Holotype: IRSNB 200. Paratypes: BMNH 1955.12.20.1714 (1), 1955.12.20.1715-1717 (1, 1, 1); IRSNB 201-204 (1, 1, 1, 1); MRAC 90976-80 (5). Type catalog: Walschaerts 1987:45-46 [ref. 20755], Derijst 1991:55 [ref. 21528]. •Valid as Afromastacembelus albomaculatus (Poll 1953) -- (Travers 1984:145 [ref. 5147], Gosse 1986:415 [ref. 6194]). •Valid as Caecomastacembelus albomaculatus (Poll 1953) -- (authors). •Valid as Mastacembelus albomaculatus Poll 1953 -- (Vreven 2005:1540 [ref. 28140], Vreven & Snoeks 2009:1019, 1022 [ref. 30552], Vreven & Stiassny 2009:219 [ref. 30676], Brown et al. 2011:287 [ref. 31286], Kanu et al. 2022:67 [ref. 39409]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus albomaculatus Poll 1953. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: East Africa: Lake Tanganyika. Habitat: freshwater.

aleppensis, Mastacembelus Günther [A.] 1861:541 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 3; ref. 1964] Unjustified emendation of Rhynchobdella haleppensis Bloch & Schneider 1801. •Valid as Mastacembelus aleppensis Günther 1861 -- (Herrera 1896:34 [ref. 39336] as hallepensis with author as Cuvier). •Synonym of Mastacembelus simack (Walbaum 1792) -- (Kottelat 2022:448 [ref. 39410]). •Synonym of Mastacembelus mastacembelus (Banks & Solander 1794) -- (Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:249 [ref. 37983]). Current status: Synonym of Mastacembelus mastacembelus (Banks & Solander 1794). Mastacembelidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

ansorgii, Mastacembelus Boulenger [G. A.] 1905:459 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 15 (no. 89) (art. 59); ref. 15344] Quanza River, Angola. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1905.5.29.59. •Valid as Caecomastacembelus ansorgii (Boulenger 1905) -- (Travers 1984:145 [ref. 5147], Gosse 1986:421 [ref. 6194]). •Valid as Mastacembelus ansorgii Boulenger 1905 -- (Skelton 2019:237 [ref. 36564]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus ansorgii Boulenger 1905. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Southwestern Africa: Angola. Habitat: freshwater.

apectoralis, Mastacembelus Brown [K. J.], Britz [R.], Bills [I. R.], Rüber [L.] & Day [J. J.] 2011:287, Figs. 1, 3, 4A [Journal of Zoology (London) 284 (no. 4); ref. 31286] Cape Kachese, Lake Tanganyika, northern Zambia, 8°29'17.24"S, 30°28'28.12"E. Holotype: SAIAB 79846. Paratypes: AMNH 252566 (5), BMNH 2011.1.27.4-8 (5), MRAC 2011-05-P-1-5 (5), SAIAB 186970 (9). •Valid as Mastacembelus apectoralis Brown, Britz, Bills, Rüber & Day 2011. Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus apectoralis Brown, Britz, Bills, Rüber & Day 2011. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Lake Tanganyika. Habitat: freshwater.

argus, Mastacembelus Günther [A.] 1861:542 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 3; ref. 1964] Thailand. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1859.7.1.46. •Synonym of Mastacembelus erythrotaenia Bleeker 1850 -- (Roberts 1986:105 [ref. 5802], Roberts 1989:181 [ref. 6439], Kottelat 2013:313 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Mastacembelus erythrotaenia Bleeker 1850. Mastacembelidae. Habitat: freshwater.

armatus, Macrognathus Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1800:283, 286 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 2; ref. 2709] Locality unknown. No types known. Also appeared in Sonnini 1803:153 [ref. 30473]. •Valid as Mastacembelus armatus (Lacepède 1800) -- (Shrestha 1978:41 [ref. 15970], Coad 1981:17 [ref. 22348], Travers 1984:143 [ref. 5147], Feng in Kuang et al. 1986:326 [ref. 26639], Roberts 1986:104 [ref. 5802], Ataur Rahman 1989:262 [ref. 24860], Zheng 1989:371 [ref. 21202], Pethiyagoda 1991:291 [ref. 20075], Talwar & Jhingran 1991:1031 [ref. 20764], Zhong in Pan et al. 1991:519 [ref. 23876], Indra 1994:426 [ref. 24015], Coad 1995:32 [ref. 23608], Sen 1995:597 [ref. 23778], Zhu 1995:187 [ref. 25213], Rainboth 1996:180 [ref. 22772], Zacharias et al. 1996:41 [ref. 25526], Banik & Choudhury 1996:580 [ref. 24736], Kottelat 1998:117 [ref. 23436], Manimekalan 1998:442 [ref. 24989], Kullander et al. 1999:152 [ref. 23689], Rema Devi & Raghunathan 1999:160 [ref. 24759], Rema Devi et al. 1999:164 [ref. 24758], Menon 1999:303 [ref. 24904], Rafique 2000:327 [ref. 25220], Mirza 2000:356 [ref. 25207], Raju Thomas et al. 2000:444 [ref. 25319], Karmakar 2000:35 [ref. 25662], Kottelat 2001:63 [ref. 25482], Arunachalam et al. 2001:129 [ref. 25692], Kottelat 2001:149 [ref. 25780], Raju Thomas et al. 2002:51 [ref. 26359], Rafique et al. 2003:98 [ref. 27173], Mirza 2003:25 [ref. 27265], Yadav 2003:23 [ref. 27711], Ataur Rahman 2003:286 [ref. 31338], Shrestha 2008:211 [ref. 29923], Britz 2007:257 [ref. 29343], Yang & Zhou 2011:325 [ref. 31298], Conway et al. 2011:1755 [ref. 31594], Ahmed et al. 2013:287 [ref. 32872], Gurung et al. 2013:4884 [ref. 32969], Plamoottil & Abraham 2013:9 [ref. 33148], Kottelat 2013:312 [ref. 32989], Plamoottil & Abraham 2014:51 [ref. 33147], Plamoottil & Abraham 2014:102 [ref. 33317], Kottelat 2015:49 [ref. 33971], Zhang et al. 2016:192 [ref. 34477], Narasimhaiah et al. 2016:69 [ref. 34975] as aramatus, Arunkumar & Manimekalan 2018:1739 [ref. 36172], Suresh et al. 2018:171 [ref. 36495], Vu et al. 2019:150 [ref. 37811], Duong et al. 2020:72 [ref. 37886], Taki et al. 2021:350 [ref. 39830], Kosygin et al. 2022:671 [ref. 40736], Shangningam & Kosygin 2022:61 [ref. 39587], Tudu et al. 2022:43 [ref. 40484], Çiçek et al. 2023:44 [ref. 40326]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus armatus (Lacepède 1800). Mastacembelidae. Distribution: South Asia, Southeast Asia, East Asia: Afghanistan, Pakistan, India and Myanmar to Vietnam and Yunnan (China), and ?Taiwan. IUCN (2019): Least Concern. Habitat: freshwater.

armatus, Mastacembelus Sykes [W. H.] 1839:158 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1838 (pt 6) (for 27 Nov. 1838); ref. 18720] Deccan, India. No types known. Appeared first as above, then in Sykes 1839:55 [ref. 4306]; more complete treatment in Sykes 1841:350, Pl. 60 (fig. 2) [ref. 18868]. Subjectively invalid; secondarily preoccupied by Macrognathus armatus Lacepède 1800. •Questionably a synonym of Mastacembelus armatus (Lacepède 1800) -- (Kottelat 2013:313 [ref. 32989]). 2°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Mastacembelus armatus (Lacepède 1800). Mastacembelidae. Habitat: freshwater.

aviceps, Mastacembelus Roberts [T. R.] & Stewart [D. J.] 1976:307, Pl. 14 (fig. f) [Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 147 (no. 6); ref. 7388] Lower Congo River, near Inga, Democratic Republic of Congo, 5°31.5'S, 13°37.5'E. Holotype: MCZ 50564. Paratypes: BMNH 1976.5.21.98 [ex MCZ 50487] (1); MCZ 50487 (orig. 17, now 14), 50565 (9, 6 c&s); MRC [ex MCZ 50487] (1); USNM 216368 [ex MCZ 50487] (1). •Valid as Caecomastacembelus aviceps (Roberts & Stewart 1976) -- (Travers 1984:144 [ref. 5147], Gosse 1986:421 [ref. 6194]). •In Mastacembelus to agree with current placement of Caecomastacembelus. •Valid as Mastacembelus aviceps Roberts & Stewart 1976 -- (Proudlove 2006:269 [ref. 28992], Vreven & Stiassny 2009:219 [ref. 30676]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus aviceps Roberts & Stewart 1976. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Congo River, Democratic Republic of Congo. Habitat: freshwater.

batesii, Mastacembelus Boulenger [G. A.] 1911:637 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 8) v. 8 (no. 47); ref. 14784] Ja River at Bitye, Congo R basin, southern Cameroon. Syntypes: (13) BMNH 1903.7.28.179-181 (3), 1907.5.24.246 (1), 1908.5.30.158 (1), 1911.5.30.37 (1). •Valid as Caecomastacembelus batesii (Boulenger 1911) -- (Travers 1984:144 [ref. 5147], Gosse 1986:421 [ref. 6194], Vreven 2004:102 [ref. 27762]). •Synonym of Mastacembelus niger Sauvage 1879 -- (Vreven 2007:567 [ref. 30080]). •Valid as Mastacembelus batesii Boulenger 1911 -- (Brown et al. 2011:287 [ref. 31286]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus batesii Boulenger 1911. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Southern Cameroon. Habitat: freshwater.

binhluensis, Mastacembelus Vu [T. H. N.], Nguyen [V. H.] & Nguyen [T. H. T.] 2019:145, Figs. 1, 3 [Proceedings of the first national conference on Ichthyology; ref. 37811] Tac Tinh waterfall, Bình Lu, Tam Duròng district, Lai Châu Province, northern Vietnam. Holotype: RIA1 LC.05.08.001. Paratypes: RIA1 LC.05.08.002-6 (5). •Valid as Mastacembelus binhluensis Vu, Nguyen & Nguyen 2019 -- (Endruweit 2024:107 [ref. 41040]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus binhluensis Vu, Nguyen & Nguyen 2019. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Nâm Na River drainage, Sông Dà basin, Lai Châu Province, northern Vietnam. Habitat: freshwater.

brachyrhinus, Mastacembelus Boulenger [G. A.] 1899:55, Pl. 28 (fig. 4) [Annales du Musee du Congo (Série Zoologie) v. 1 (fasc. 3); ref. 548] Matadi, Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype (unique): MRAC 66. •Valid as Caecomastacembelus brachyrhinus (Boulenger 1899) -- (Travers 1984:144 [ref. 5147], Gosse 1986:422 [ref. 6194], Vreven & Stiassny 2009:219 [ref. 30676]). •Valid as Mastacembelus brachyrhinus Boulenger 1899 -- (Kanu et al. 2022:67 [ref. 39409]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus brachyrhinus Boulenger 1899. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Western-central Africa: Democratic Republic of Congo. Habitat: freshwater.

brevicauda, Mastacembelus Boulenger [G. A.] 1911:638 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 8) v. 8 (no. 47); ref. 14784] Kribi River, Zima Country, Ja and Bumba rivers, southern Cameroon. Syntypes: BMNH 1903.7.28.68-72 (5), 1904.7.1.178-180 (3), 1906.5.28.193-196 (4), 1909.7.9.90-92 (3). •Valid as Caecomastacembelus brevicauda (Boulenger 1911) -- (Travers 1984:144 [ref. 5147], Gosse 1986:422 [ref. 6194], Vreven 2004:102 [ref. 27762]). •Synonym of Mastacembelus niger Sauvage 1879 -- (Vreven 2007:567 [ref. 30080]). Current status: Synonym of Mastacembelus niger Sauvage 1879. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: West and central Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

brichardi, Caecomastacembelus Poll [M.] 1958:389 [Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines v. 57 (no. 3-4); ref. 3521] Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype: MRAC 118574. Paratypes: MRAC 118992-94 (1, 1, 1). Type catalog: Derijst 1991:32 [ref. 21528]. Also appeared as new in Poll 1959:113, Pl. 20 (figs a-d) [ref. 3522]. •Valid as Caecomastacembelus brichardi Poll 1958 -- (Travers 1984:144 [ref. 5147], Gosse 1986:422 [ref. 6194]). •In Mastacembelus to agree with current placement of Caecomastacembelus. •Valid as Mastacembelus brichardi (Poll 1958) -- (Proudlove 2006:269 [ref. 28992], Vreven & Stiassny 2009:219 [ref. 30676], Brown et al. 2011:287 [ref. 31286], Kanu et al. 2022:67 [ref. 39409]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus brichardi (Poll 1958). Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Western-central Africa: Democratic Republic of Congo. Habitat: freshwater.

catchpolei, Mastacembelus Fowler [H. W.] 1936:323, Fig. 25 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 88; ref. 1424] Tinda tributary of Shari-Ituri in Bunia region of the Kibali-Ituri District, Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype: ANSP 65904. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:127 [ref. 13621]. •Valid as Caecomastacembelus catchpolei Fowler 1936 -- (Gosse 1986:422 [ref. 6194]). •In Mastacembelus to agree with current placement of Caecomastacembelus. Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus catchpolei Fowler 1936. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Democratic Republic of Congo. Habitat: freshwater.

catenatus, Mastacembelus Heckel [J. J.] 1847:248 (footnote) [Reisen in Europa, Asien und Africa v. 2 (pt 3); ref. 2068] Borneo. Holotype (unique): NMW 73350. Evidently intended as catenatus (Roberts 1989:181 [ref. 6439]). See erratum, p. 360 (Kottelat 2013). •Status uncertain, same as Mastacembelus eruthrotaenia Bleeker 1840 -- (Roberts 1989:181 [ref. 6439]). •Declared a nomen oblitum by Kottelat amnd a synonym of erythrotaenia -- (Kottelat 2013:313 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Mastacembelus erythrotaenia Bleeker 1850. Mastacembelidae. Habitat: freshwater.

caudatus, Macrognathus McClelland [J.] 1842:586 [Calcutta Journal of Natural History v. 2 (no. 8); ref. 2926] Afghanistan [Questioned]. Syntypes: BMNH 1860.3.19.918 (1?). •Synonym of Mastacembelus armatus (Lacepède 1800) -- (Menon 1999:303 [ref. 24904], Kottelat 2013:313 [ref. 32989]). •Synonym of Mastacembelus mastacembelus (Banks & Solander 1794) -- (Çiçek et al. 2024:323 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Mastacembelus armatus (Lacepède 1800). Mastacembelidae. Habitat: freshwater.

christyi, Mastacembelus Worthington [E. B.] & Ricardo [C. K.] 1937:1107, Fig. 12 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1936 (pt 4); ref. 15306] Kirando, Lake Tanganyika. Syntypes: BMNH 1936.6.15.1741-1745 (5). •Synonym of Afromastacembelus moorii (Boulenger 1898) -- (Gosse 1986:418 [ref. 6194]). •Synonym of Caecomastacembelus moorii (Boulenger 1898) -- (authors). •In Mastacembelus to agree with current placement of Caecomastacembelus. Current status: Synonym of Mastacembelus moorii Boulenger 1898. Mastacembelidae. Habitat: freshwater.

congicus, Mastacembelus Boulenger [G. A.] 1896:311 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 6) v. 17 (no. 100) (art. 49); ref. 14601] About 50 miles south of Mangala, Upper Congo (Democratic Republic of Congo). Holotype (unique): BMNH 1896.3.9.4. •Valid as Afromastacembelus congicus (Boulenger 1896) -- (Travers 1984:145 [ref. 5147], Gosse 1986:415 [ref. 6194], Vreven & Teugels 1996:138 [ref. 22026]). •Valid as Aethiomastacembelus congicus (Boulenger 1896) -- (Vreven & Teugels 1997:85 [ref. 22885]). •Valid as Mastacembelus congicus Boulenger 1896 -- (Kullander & Roberts 2012:362 [ref. 31751], Van Steenberge et al. 2014:336 [ref. 33291], Skelton 2019:237 [ref. 36564], Kiselkewa et al. 2020:[11] 710 [ref. 38315], Munene et al. 2021:25 [ref. 39283]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus congicus Boulenger 1896. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Central Africa: Congo River system (Democratic Republic of Congo). Habitat: freshwater.

crassus, Mastacembelus Roberts [T. R.] & Stewart [D. J.] 1976:305, Pl. 14 (fig. d) [Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 147 (no. 6); ref. 7388] Lower Congo River, near Bulu, Democratic Republic of Congo, 5°01'S, 14°01'E. Holotype: MCZ 50257. Paratypes: BMNH 1976.5.21.109-118 [ex MCZ 50258] (10); MCZ 50258 (now 161, 9 c&s), 50318 (14), 50400 (1); MRAC 76-17-P-39-42 [ex MCZ 50258] (4); USNM 216374 [ex MCZ 50258] (10). •Valid as Caecomastacembelus crassus Roberts & Stewart 1976 -- (Travers 1984:145 [ref. 5147], Gosse 1986:422-423 [ref. 6194]). •In Mastacembelus to agree with current placement of Caecomastacembelus. •Valid as Mastacembelus crassus Roberts & Stewart 1976 -- (Proudlove 2006:269 [ref. 28992], Vreven & Stiassny 2009:218 [ref. 30676], Kanu et al. 2022:67 [ref. 39409]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus crassus Roberts & Stewart 1976. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Western-central Africa: Congo River (Democratic Republic of Congo). Habitat: freshwater.

cryptacanthus, Mastacembelus Günther [A.] 1867:102 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1867 (pt 1) (art. 2) (for 24 Jan. 1867); ref. 1986] Cameroon, western Africa. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1866.6.26.11. •Valid as Caecomastacembelus cryptacanthus (Günther 1867) -- (Travers 1984:145 [ref. 5147], Gosse 1986:423 [ref. 6194], Lévèque et al. 1991:146 [ref. 31367], Travers in Lévêque et al. 1992:856 [ref. 21590], Travers 1992:335 [ref. 14258], Vreven 2004:102 [ref. 27762]). •Valid as Mastacembelus cryptacanthus Günther 1867 -- (Vreven 2007:565 [ref. 30080], Fermon et al. 2022:226 [ref. 39448], Kanu et al. 2022:67 [ref. 39409]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus cryptacanthus Günther 1867. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Western-central Africa: Benin, Nigeria, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon. Habitat: freshwater.

cunningtoni, Mastacembelus Boulenger [G. A.] 1906:575, Pl. 41 (fig. 3) [Transactions of the Zoological Society of London v. 17 (pt 6, no. 1); ref. 573] Lake Tanganyika. Syntypes: BMNH 1906.9.8.275 (1) Kazzaga, 1906.9.8.276-277 (2) Kituta. •Valid as Afromastacembelus cunningtoni (Boulenger 1906) -- (Travers 1984:145 [ref. 5147], Gosse 1986:416 [ref. 6194]). •Valid as Caecomastacembelus cunningtoni (Boulenger 1906). •Valid as Mastacembelus cunningtoni Boulenger 1906 -- (Vreven 2005:1540 [ref. 28140], Vreven & Snoeks 2009:1019 [ref. 30552], Brown et al. 2011:287 [ref. 31286], Kullander & Roberts 2012:369 [ref. 31751]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus cunningtoni Boulenger 1906. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Lake Tanganyika and Lukuga River. Habitat: freshwater.

dayi, Mastacembelus Boulenger [G. A.] 1912:200 [Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia. Second series. v. 15; ref. 17958] Mandalay, Myanmar. Lectotype: MSNG 15115. Based on Mastacembelus unicolor of Day 1876:339, Pl. 72 (fig. 2) and of Vinciguerra 1890:179. Lectotype selected by Britz 2017:80 [ref. 35487]. •Valid as Mastacembelus dayi Boulenger 1912 -- (Roberts 1986:105 [ref. 5802], Talwar & Jhingran 1991:1032 [ref. 20764], Kottelat 2013:313 [ref. 32989]). •Synonym of Mastacembelus alboguttatus Boulenger 1893 -- (Britz 2017:80 [ref. 35487]). Current status: Synonym of Mastacembelus alboguttatus Boulenger 1893. Mastacembelidae. Habitat: freshwater.

decorsei, Mastacembelus Pellegrin [J.] 1919:213 [Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France v. 44 (no. 5/7); ref. 15224] Gribingui River, Congo. Syntypes: MNHN 1919-0248 (1). •Valid as Caecomastacembelus decorsei (Pellegrin 1919) -- (Gosse 1986:423 [ref. 6194], Travers in Lévêque et al. 1992:856 [ref. 21590], Lévèque et al. 1991:146 [ref. 31367], Travers 1992:335 [ref. 14258]). •In Mastacembelus to agree with current placement of Caecomastacembelus. Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus decorsei Pellegrin 1919. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Central Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

dienbienensis, Mastacembelus Nguyen [V. H.] & Nguyen [H. D.] in Nguyen 2006:632, Fig. 3 [Freshwater fishes of Vietnam v. 3; ref. 29809] Dien Bien Phu city, Vietnam. Holotype: RIA1 (lost) [ex NCNTTS I Inst., Bac Ninh]. Paratypes: RIA1 (3, lost). Poor description; possibly in Sinobdella. Type specimens lost -- Endruweit 2014:157 [ref. 33205]. •Incertae sedis as Sinobdella dienbienensis Nguyen & Nguyen 2006 -- (Kottelat 2013:314 [ref. 32989]). •Valid as Mastacembelus dienbienensis Nguyen & Nguyen 2006 -- (Vu et al. 2019:150 [ref. 37811], Endruweit 2024:113 [ref. 41040]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus dienbienensis Nguyen & Nguyen 2006. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Luosuojiang River drainage, upper Mekong River basin, China and Nam Rom River drainage, northern Vietnam. Habitat: freshwater.

ellipsifer, Mastacembelus Boulenger [G. A.] 1899:126, Pl. 47 (fig. 4) [Annales du Musee du Congo (Série Zoologie) v. 1 (fasc. 5); ref. 589] Albertville, Democratic Republic of Congo, Lake Tanganyika. Holotype (unique): MRAC 246. •Valid as Afromastacembelus ellipsifer (Boulenger 1899) -- (Travers 1984:145 [ref. 5147], Gosse 1986:416 [ref. 6194]). •Valid as Caecomastacembelus ellipsifer (Boulenger 1899). •Valid as Mastacembelus ellipsifer Boulenger 1899 -- (Vreven 2005:1540 [ref. 28140], Vreven & Snoeks 2009:1019 [ref. 30552], Brown et al. 2011:287 [ref. 31286]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus ellipsifer Boulenger 1899. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Eastern Africa: Lake Tanganyika. Habitat: freshwater.

erythrotaenia, Mastacembelus Bleeker [P.] 1850:6 [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 23 (no. 5); ref. 16882] Rivers in Banjermassing, Borneo, Indonesia. RMNH 6437 (1 of 6). Regarded as a nomen protectum by Kottelat 2013:313 [ref. 32989]. •Valid as Mastacembelus erythrotaenia Bleeker 1850 -- (Travers 1984:143 [ref. 5147], Roberts 1986:105 [ref. 5802], Roberts 1989:181 [ref. 6439], Kottelat et al. 1993:168 [ref. 23448], Kottelat & Lim 1996:249 [ref. 23210], Rainboth 1996:180 [ref. 22772], Ng & Tan 1999:364 [ref. 24159], Kottelat & Widjanarti 2005:169 [ref. 28284], Kottelat 2013:313 [ref. 32989], Sulaiman et al. 2018:36 [ref. 35802], Ng et al. 2019:533 [ref. 36606], Vu et al. 2019:150 [ref. 37811], Ng & Tan 2020:176 [ref. 37671], Taki et al. 2021:349 [ref. 39830]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus erythrotaenia Bleeker 1850. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Malaya (Malaysia), Sumatra and Borneo, Thailand and Vietnam. Habitat: freshwater.

favus, Mastacembelus armatus var. Hora [S. L.] 1923:180 [Journal of the Natural History Society of Siam v. 6 (no. 2); ref. 15406] Mouth of Patelung River, near Lampaw, Thailand. Syntypes: (several specimens) ZSI F10340/1 (1). Type catalog: Menon & Yazdani 1968:161 [ref. 20743] erroneously with holotype. Also in Hora 1924:474, Fig. 2 [ref. 15450]. •Synonym of Mastacembelus armatus (Lacepède 1800), but a valid subspecies -- (Vu & Nguyen 1997:27 [ref. 26438]). •Valid as Mastacembelus favus Hora 1923 -- (Roberts 1986:105 [ref. 5802], Lim et al. 1990:51 [ref. 16753], Rainboth 1996:180 [ref. 22772], Kottelat 1998:117 [ref. 23436], Ng & Tan 1999:364 [ref. 24159], Britz 2007:257 [ref. 29343], Kottelat 2013:313 [ref. 32989], Ng et al. 2019:533 [ref. 36606], Vu et al. 2019:150 [ref. 37811], Duong et al. 2020:72 [ref. 37886], Ng & Tan 2020:176 [ref. 37671], Fu et al. 2021:9572 [ref. 39347], Ahmad et al. 2023:121 [ref. 41243], Chungthanawong et al. 2025:70 [ref. 41920]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus favus Hora 1923. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Malaya (Malaysia) and Chao Phraya and Mekong River basins (Yunnan/China, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia and southern Vietnam). Habitat: freshwater.

flavidus, Mastacembelus Matthes [H.] 1962:64, Pl. 4 (fig. b) [Annales, Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Série in 8o, Sciences Zoologiques No. 111; ref. 6071] Kalundu, Lake Tanganyika. Holotype: MRAC 130434. Paratypes: (8) BMNH 1906.9.8.273 (1); MRAC 130435-39 (5), 130848 (1). •Valid as Afromastacembelus flavidus (Matthes 1962) -- (Travers 1984:145 [ref. 5147], Gosse 1986:416 [ref. 6194]). •Valid as Caecomastacembelus flavidus (Matthes 1962). •Valid as Mastacembelus flavidus Matthes 1962 -- (Vreven 2005:1540 [ref. 28140], Vreven & Snoeks 2009:1019 [ref. 30552], Brown et al. 2011:287 [ref. 31286]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus flavidus Matthes 1962. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Lake Tanganyika. Habitat: freshwater.

flavomarginatus, Mastacembelus Boulenger [G. A.] 1898:23 [Transactions of the Zoological Society of London v. 15 (pt 1, no. 1); ref. 547] Gabon. Syntypes: BMNH 1872.1.27.1 (1), 1888.12.13.40 (1), 1896.5.5.26 (1). •Valid as Caecomastacembelus flavomarginatus (Boulenger 1898) -- (Travers 1984:145 [ref. 5147], Gosse 1986:423 [ref. 6194]). •In Mastacembelus to agree with current placement of Caecomastacembelus. •Valid as Mastacembelus flavomarginatus Boulenger 1898 -- (Brown et al. 2011:287 [ref. 31286], Fermon et al. 2022:226 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus flavomarginatus Boulenger 1898. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Western-central Africa: southern Cameroon south to Angola. Habitat: freshwater.

frenatus, Mastacembelus Boulenger [G. A.] 1901:5 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 7 (no. 37) (art. 1); ref. 5758] Northern end of Lake Tanganyika, Burundi. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1906.9.6.161. •Valid as Afromastacembelus frenatus (Boulenger 1901) -- (Travers 1984:145 [ref. 5147], Gosse 1986:416 [ref. 6194], Skelton 1993:340 [ref. 24071]). •Valid as Caecomastacembelus frenatus (Boulenger 1901) -- (Seegers 1996:332 [ref. 23725], De Vos et al. 2001:132 [ref. 26059]). •Valid as Aethiomastacembelus frenatus (Boulenger 1901) -- (Skelton 2001:340 [ref. 27406]). •Valid as Mastacembelus frenatus Boulenger 1901 -- (Seegers et al. 2003:42 [ref. 28087], Vreven & Snoeks 2009:1019 [ref. 30552], Brown et al. 2011:287 [ref. 31286], Marshall 2011:260 [ref. 31755], Kullander & Roberts 2012:362, 369 [ref. 31751], Van Steenberge et al. 2014:336 [ref. 33291], Bruton et al. 2018:82 [ref. 36373], Skelton 2019:237 [ref. 36564], Kiselkewa et al. 2020:[11] 710 [ref. 38315], Roberts 2021:74 [ref. 38074], Abwe et al. 2023:32 [ref. 39992], Akoth et al. 2023:14 [ref. 40069], Bigirimana et al. 2024:36 [ref. 41336]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus frenatus Boulenger 1901. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Southern-central Africa: upper Congo River basin (Democratic Republic of Congo) and Lake Tanganyika system. Habitat: freshwater.

goro, Mastacembelus Boulenger [G. A.] 1902:54, Pl. 15 (fig. 3) [Annales du Musee du Congo (Série Zoologie) v. 2 (fasc. 2); ref. 562] Ubangi River at Banzyville, Democratic Republic of Congo, about 4°18'N, 21°11'E. Syntypes: BMNH 1901.12.26.66-67 (2), MRAC 1203 (5). •Valid as Caecomastacembelus goro (Boulenger 1902) -- (Travers 1984:145 [ref. 5147], Gosse 1986:423 [ref. 6194], Vreven 2004:102 [ref. 27762]). •In Mastacembelus to agree with current placement of Caecomastacembelus. •Valid as Mastacembelus goro Boulenger 1902 -- (Brown et al. 2011:287 [ref. 31286]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus goro Boulenger 1902. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: West and central Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

greshoffi, Mastacembelus Boulenger [G. A.] 1901:81 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 7 (no. 37) (art. 12); ref. 14747] Stanley [Malebo] Pool, Congo River. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1900.11.26.3. •Valid as Caecomastacembelus greshoffi (Boulenger 1901) -- (Travers 1984:145 [ref. 5147], Gosse 1986:424 [ref. 6194], Vreven & Teugels 1997:85 [ref. 22885]). •Valid as Mastacembelus greshoffi Boulenger 1901 -- (Stiassny et al. 2021:1687 [ref. 39000], Kanu et al. 2022:67 [ref. 39409]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus greshoffi Boulenger 1901. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Western-central Africa: Congo River system (Democratic Republic of Congo). Habitat: freshwater.

haleppensis, Rhynchobdella Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.] 1801:480 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] "Frequens Haleppi, Simack il Inglese dictus" [Aleppo, Syria]. Mastacembelus aleppensis Günther 1861 is an unjustified emendation. •Synonym of Mastacembelus simack (Walbaum 1792) -- (Kottelat 2022:448 [ref. 39410]). •Synonym of Mastacembelus mastacembelus (Banks & Solander 1794) -- (Coad 1991:22 [ref. 15702], Coad 1995:32 [ref. 23608], Esmaeili et al. 2010:375 [ref. 33391], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:895 [ref. 34062], Coad 2015:2 [ref. 35412], Esmaeili et al. 2017:94 [ref. 35254], Esmaeili et al. 2018:75 [ref. 36089], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:249 [ref. 37983], Çiçek et al. 2024:323 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Mastacembelus mastacembelus (Banks & Solander 1794). Mastacembelidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

hamiltonii, Macrognathus McClelland [J.] 1843:393 [Calcutta Journal of Natural History v. 4 (no. 4) (for 1844); ref. 2927] India, rivers in Bengal. No types known. •Synonym of Mastacembelus armatus (Lacepède 1800) -- (Menon 1999:303 [ref. 24904], Kottelat 2013:313 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Mastacembelus armatus (Lacepède 1800). Mastacembelidae. Habitat: freshwater.

hodgsonii, Mastacembelus Günther [A.] 1861:543 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 3; ref. 1964] Not available, Kaup name on specimen from Nepal mentioned under Mastacembelus armatus var. ponticeriana. •In the synonymy of Mastacembelus armatus (Lacepède 1800) -- (Kottelat 2013:313 [ref. 32989]). Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Mastacembelus armatus (Lacepède 1800). Mastacembelidae.

kadeiensis, Mastacembelus Roberts [T. R.] 2021:72, Fig. 2 [aqua, International Journal of Ichthyology v. 26 (no. 3-4) [for 2020]; ref. 38074] Kadei River 30 km westnorthwest of Nola, Congo basin, Central African Republic. Holotype: CAS 247183. Paratype: (1) location unknown. •Valid as Mastacembelus kadeiensis Roberts 2021. Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus kadeiensis Roberts 2021. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Central Africa: Kadei River drainage, Congo basin. Habitat: freshwater.

kakrimensis, Mastacembelus Vreven [E. J.] & Teugels [G. G.] 2005:359, Fig. 10 [Journal of Fish Biology v. 67; ref. 28650] Galekoulou River, affluent of Kakrima, bassin Konkoure, pont route Kindia-Telimele, about 10°37'N, 13°00'W, Guinea. Holotype: MRAC 92-59-P-4234. Paratypes: MNHN 1961-814 (1), 1991-252 (2)MRAC 92-59-P-4235-4240 (6). •Valid as Mastacembelus kakrimensis Vreven & Teugels 2005. Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus kakrimensis Vreven & Teugels 2005. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Guinea. Habitat: freshwater.

latens, Mastacembelus Roberts [T. R.] & Stewart [D. J.] 1976:307, Pl. 14 (fig. e) [Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 147 (no. 6); ref. 7388] Lower Congo River, near Bulu, Democratic Republic of Congo, 5°01'S, 14°01'E. Holotype: MCZ 50529. Paratypes: MCZ 50530 (2). •Valid as Caecomastacembelus latens (Roberts & Stewart 1976) -- (Travers 1984:145 [ref. 5147], Gosse 1986:424 [ref. 6194]). •In Mastacembelus to agree with current placement of Caecomastacembelus. •Valid as Mastacembelus latens Roberts & Stewart 1976 -- (Proudlove 2006:269 [ref. 28992], Vreven & Stiassny 2009:219 [ref. 30676]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus latens Roberts & Stewart 1976. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Congo River, Democratic Republic of Congo. Habitat: freshwater.

laticauda, Mastacembelus Ahl [E.] 1937:242 [Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin v. 22 (no. 2); ref. 15265] Near Freetown, Sierra Leone. Holotype (unique): ZMB 31301. Types mentioned: Paepke 1995:95 [ref. 21847]. •Questionably valid as Caecomastacembelus laticauda (Ahl 1937) -- (Travers 1984:145 [ref. 5147]). •Synonym of Caecomastacembelus liberiensis (Boulenger 1898) -- (Gosse 1986:424 [ref. 6194]). •Synonym of Aethiomastacembelus liberiensis (Boulenger 1898) -- (Travers in Lévêque et al. 1992:852 [ref. 21590]). •Valid as Mastacembelus laticauda Ahl 1937 -- (Kanu et al. 2022:67 [ref. 39409]). •Synonym of Mastacembelus liberiensis Boulenger 1898 -- (Vreven & Teugels 2005:343 [ref. 28650]). Current status: Synonym of Mastacembelus liberiensis Boulenger 1898. Mastacembelidae. Habitat: freshwater.

leucostictus, Mastacembelus Endruweit [M.] 2025:246, Fig. 233 [ ref. 42401] Da Krong River, ca. 16°42'N 106°53'E, at Krong Klang (Da Krong) Town, Quang Tri Province (Vietnam). Holotype: RIA1 1278. Paratypes: RIA1 1262, 64, 67, 80-82, 90, 92 (8). •Valid as Mastacembelus leucostictus Endruweit 2025. Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus leucostictus Endruweit 2025. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Da Krong River drainage, Quang Tri Province (Vietnam). Habitat: freshwater.

liberiensis, Mastacembelus Boulenger [G. A.] 1898:23 [Transactions of the Zoological Society of London v. 15 (pt 1, no. 1); ref. 547] Liberia. Lectotype: RMNH 5369a. Paralectotypes: RMNH 5369b (1). Based on Mastacembelus marchii of Steindachner (not Sauvage). Lectotype selected by Vreven & Teugels 2005:343 [ref. 28650] •Valid as Caecomastacembelus liberiensis (Boulenger 1898) -- (Travers 1984:145 [ref. 5147], Gosse 1986:424 [ref. 6194]). •Valid as Aethiomastacembelus liberiensis (Boulenger 1898) -- (Lévêque et al. 1989:123 [ref. 26480], Paugy et al. 1990:343 [ref. 26477], Lévèque et al. 1991:146 [ref. 31367], Travers 1992:337 [ref. 14258], Travers in Lévêque et al. 1992:852 [ref. 21590]). •Valid as Mastacembelus liberiensis Boulenger 1898 -- (Vreven & Teugels 2005:343 [ref. 28650], Pezold et al. 2016:107 [ref. 34870], Kanu et al. 2022:67 [ref. 39409]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus liberiensis Boulenger 1898. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: West Africa: Senegal, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia and Ivory Coast. Habitat: freshwater.

liemphuensis, Mastacembelus Vu [T. H. N.], Nguyen [V. H.] & Nguyen [T. H. T.] 2019:145, Figs. 2, 4 [Proceedings of the first national conference on Ichthyology; ref. 37811] Liêm Phú community, Van Bàn district, Lào Cai Province, northern Vietnam, about 22°02'N, 104°19'E. Holotype: RIA1 000022. Paratypes: RIA1 001081 (1), 001082 (1). •Valid as Mastacembelus liemphuensis Vu, Nguyen & Nguyen 2019. •Synonym of Mastacembelus undulatus (McClelland 1843) -- (Endruweit 2024:109 [ref. 41040]). Current status: Synonym of Mastacembelus undulatus (McClelland 1843). Mastacembelidae. Habitat: freshwater.

loennbergii, Mastacembelus Boulenger [G. A.] 1898:23 [Transactions of the Zoological Society of London v. 15 (pt 1, no. 1); ref. 547] Bonge, Cameroon. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1898.6.27.1 [ex Stockholm Mus.]. Based on Mastacembelus cryptacanthus of Loennberg (not Günther). Type catalog: Wallin 1996:62 [ref. 32133] with syntypes as ZMUU 602. •Valid as Caecomastacembelus loennbergii (Boulenger 1898) -- (Travers 1984:145 [ref. 5147], Gosse 1986:424 [ref. 6194], Vreven 2004:102 [ref. 27762]). •In Mastacembelus to agree with current placement of Caecomastacembelus. •Valid as Mastacembelus loennbergii Boulenger 1898 -- (Brown et al. 2011:287 [ref. 31286]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus loennbergii Boulenger 1898. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: West Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

longicauda, Mastacembelus Boulenger [G. A.] 1907:487 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 20 (no. 120) (art. 66); ref. 15138] Kribi River at Akok, southern Cameroon. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1908.5.30.189. •Valid as Caecomastacembelus longicauda (Boulenger 1907) -- (Travers 1984:145 [ref. 5147], Gosse 1986:425 [ref. 6194]). •Synonym of Caecomastacembelus cryptacanthus (Günther 1867) -- (Lévèque et al. 1991:146 [ref. 31367], Travers in Lévêque et al. 1992:856 [ref. 21590]). •In Mastacembelus to agree with current placement of Caecomastacembelus. Current status: Synonym of Mastacembelus cryptacanthus Günther 1867. Mastacembelidae. Habitat: freshwater.

malabaricus, Mastacembelus Jerdon [T. C.] 1849:147 [Madras Journal of Literature and Science v. 15 (pt 1) (no. 34) (art. 2); ref. 2346] Malabar [northern parts of Kerala]. India. No types known. •Synonym of Mastacembelus armatus (Lacepède 1800) -- (Pethiyagoda et al. 2008:44 [ref. 30097], Kottelat 2013:313 [ref. 32989]). •Valid as Macrognathus malabaricus (Jerdon 1849) -- (Rema Devi et al. 1996:143 [ref. 24021], Menon 1999:302 [ref. 24904]). •Valid as Mastacembelus malabaricus Jerdon 1849 -- (Plamoottil & Abraham 2013:6 [ref. 33148], Plamoottil & Abraham 2013:102 [ref. 33317], Plamoottil & Abraham 2014:51 [ref. 33147]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus malabaricus Jerdon 1849. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Kerala, India. Habitat: freshwater.

manipurensis, Mastacembelus Hora [S. L.] 1921:206, Pl. 9 (fig. 3) [Records of the Indian Museum (Calcutta) v. 22 (pt 3, no. 19); ref. 2202] Khurda stream, near Thanga Island, Manipur Valley, India. Holotype: ZSI F9990/1 or 13630/1. Type catalog: Menon & Yazdani 1968:161 [ref. 20743] as 13630/1. See Das 2003:370 [ref. 27706]. •Synonym of Mastacembelus armatus (Lacepède 1800) -- (Talwar & Jhingran 1991:1031 [ref. 20764], Menon 1999:303 [ref. 24904], Kottelat 2013:313 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Mastacembelus armatus (Lacepède 1800). Mastacembelidae. Habitat: freshwater.

marchei, Mastacembelus Sauvage [H.-E.] 1879:94 [5] [Bulletin de la Société philomathique de Paris (7th Série) v. 3; ref. 3881] Ogooué River at Doumé, Gabon. Syntypes: MNHN A-0895 (2). On p. 5 of separate. •Valid as Caecomastacembelus marchei (Sauvage 1879) -- (Travers 1984:145 [ref. 5147], Gosse 1986:425 [ref. 6194], Vreven & Teugels 1996:138 [ref. 22026]). •Valid as Aethiomastacembelus marchei (Sauvage 1879) -- (Vreven 2004:102 [ref. 27762]). •Valid as Mastacembelus marchei Sauvage 1879 -- (Vreven 2007:561 [ref. 30080], Fermon et al. 2022:226 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus marchei Sauvage 1879. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Western-central Africa: southern Cameroon south to lower Congo River (Democratic Republic of Congo). Habitat: freshwater.

marmoratus, Mastacembelus Perugia [A.] 1892:968 [2] [Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova (Serie 2) v. 10; ref. 3433] Congo. Syntypes: MSNG 12319 (9). On p. 2 of separate. Tortonese 1963:314 [ref. 10351]. Objectively invalid, preoccupied by Mastacembelus marmoratus Cuvier 1832. •Wrongly treated as valid as Caecomastacembelus marmoratus (Perugia 1892) -- (Travers 1984:145 [ref. 5147], Gosse 1986:425 [ref. 6194]). •Synonym of Mastacembelus niger Sauvage 1879 -- (Vreven 2007:567 [ref. 30080]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Mastacembelus niger Sauvage 1879. Mastacembelidae. Habitat: freshwater.

marmoratus, Mastacembelus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1832:461 [Histoire naturelle des poissons; ref. 1000] Mysore, India. Syntypes: MNHN 0000-5348 (2). Not the same as Mastacembelus marmoratus Perugia 1894. •Synonym of Mastacembelus armatus (Lacepède 1800) -- (Menon 1999:303 [ref. 24904], Kottelat 2013:312 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Mastacembelus armatus (Lacepède 1800). Mastacembelidae. Habitat: freshwater.

mastacembelus, Ophidium Banks [J.] & Solander [D. C.] in Russell 1794:209, Pl. 6 [Natural History of Aleppo. Second Edition v. 2; ref. 19817] Kowick River, Aleppo [Quwayq River, Halab, Syria]. Syntypes: BMNH 1955.6.25.4-6 (3). We here treat Ophidium mastacembelus Banks & Solander 1794 as a nomen protectum, due to prevailing usage. See also Ophidium simack Walbaum 1792. Discussion on authorship see Kottelat 2022:448 [ref. 39410]. •Synonym of Mastacembelus simack (Walbaum 1792) -- (Kottelat 2022:446 [ref. 39410]). •Valid as Mastacembelus mastacembelus (Banks & Solander 1794) -- (Travers 1984:143 [ref. 5147], Coad 1991:22 [ref. 15702], Coad 1995:32 [ref. 23608], Coad 1996:71 [ref. 25297], Coad 1996:86 [ref. 25304], Coad 1998:103 [ref. 23869], Fricke et al. 2007:76 [ref. 29533], Coad 2010:258 [ref. 36620], Esmaeili et al. 2010:375 [ref. 33391], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:895 [ref. 34062], Çiçek et al. 2015:151 [ref. 35151], Coad 2015:2 [ref. 35412], Esmaeili et al. 2017:94 [ref. 35254], Esmaeili et al. 2018:75 [ref. 36089], Çiçek et al. 2020:258 [ref. 37644], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:248 [ref. 37983], Bayhan 2021:250 [ref. 40683], Al-Faisal et al. 2022:1408 [ref. 39565], Çiçek et al. 2023:28 [ref. 40616], Çiçek et al. 2023:434 [ref. 40625], Saad et al. 2023:38 [ref. 40501], Çiçek et al. 2024:323 [ref. 40789]). Nomen Protectum. Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus mastacembelus (Banks & Solander 1794). Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Asia Minor and Middle East: Tigris River, Kor River and Persian Gulf basins (Turkey, Syria, Iraq and Iran). Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

mellandi, Mastacembelus Boulenger [G. A.] 1914:386 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 8) v. 14 (no. 83); ref. 14146] Solwezi River, tributary of Chifulowa River, Zambia [northern Rhodesia]. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1914.9.21.13. •Synonym of Afromastacembelus frenatus (Boulenger 1901) -- (Gosse 1986:417 [ref. 6194]). •Synonym of Caecomastacembelus frenatus (Boulenger 1901) -- (Seegers 1996:332 [ref. 23725]). •In Mastacembelus to agree with current placement of Caecomastacembelus. Current status: Synonym of Mastacembelus frenatus Boulenger 1901. Mastacembelidae. Habitat: freshwater.

micropectus, Mastacembelus Matthes [H.] 1962:61, Pl. 4 (fig. a) [Annales, Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Série in 8o, Sciences Zoologiques No. 111; ref. 6071] Makobola, Lake Tanganyika. Holotype: MRAC 130405. Paratypes: (43) MRAC 130406-16 (12), 130417-30 (17), 130431-33 (3), 130804-12 (9). •Valid as Afromastacembelus micropectus (Matthes 1962) -- (Travers 1984:145 [ref. 5147], Gosse 1986:418 [ref. 6194]). •Valid as Caecomastacembelus micropectus (Matthes 1962). •Valid as Mastacembelus micropectus Matthes 1962 -- (Vreven 2005:1540 [ref. 28140], Vreven & Snoeks 2009:1019 [ref. 30552], Vreven & Stiassny 2009:219 [ref. 30676], Brown et al. 2011:287 [ref. 31286]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus micropectus Matthes 1962. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Lake Tanganyika. Habitat: freshwater.

moeruensis, Mastacembelus Boulenger [G. A.] 1914:446 [Revue de Zoologie Africaine v. 3 (pt 3); ref. 583] Lake Moero [Lake Mweru], Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype (unique): MRAC 14188. •Valid as Afromastacembelus moeruensis (Boulenger 1914) -- (Travers 1984:145 [ref. 5147], Gosse 1986:418 [ref. 6194]). •Valid as Caecomastacembelus moeruensis (Boulenger 1914). •In Mastacembelus to agree with current placement of Caecomastacembelus. •Synonym of Mastacembelus frenatus Boulenger 1901 -- (Van Steenberge et al. 2014:336 [ref. 33291]). Current status: Synonym of Mastacembelus frenatus Boulenger 1901. Mastacembelidae. Habitat: freshwater.

moorii, Mastacembelus Boulenger [G. A.] 1898:496 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1898 (pt 3); ref. 20658] Mbity Rocks, Lake Tanganyika. Syntypes: BMNH 1898.9.9.67-68 (2). Appeared first as above, then in more detail in Boulenger 1898:22, Pl. 7 (fig. 1) [ref. 547]. •Valid as Afromastacembelus moorii (Boulenger 1898) -- (Travers 1984:145 [ref. 5147], Gosse 1986:418 [ref. 6194], De Vos et al. 2001:130 [ref. 26059]). •Valid as Caecomastacembelus moorii (Boulenger 1898). •Valid as Mastacembelus moorii Boulenger 1898 -- (Vreven 2005:1540 [ref. 28140], Vreven & Snoeks 2009:1019 [ref. 30552], Vreven & Stiassny 2009:219 [ref. 30676], Brown et al. 2011:287 [ref. 31286]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus moorii Boulenger 1898. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Lake Tanganyika. Habitat: freshwater.

mutombotombo, Mastacembelus Pellegrin [J.] 1936:61 [Arquivos do Museu Bocage No. 7; ref. 13733] Cubango [Okavango] River near Vila da Ponte, Angola. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1936-0157. •Synonym of Afromastacembelus frenatus (Boulenger 1901) -- (Gosse 1986:417 [ref. 6194]). •Synonym of Caecomastacembelus frenatus (Boulenger 1901) -- (Seegers 1996:332 [ref. 23725]). Current status: Synonym of Mastacembelus frenatus Boulenger 1901. Mastacembelidae. Habitat: freshwater.

niger, Mastacembelus Sauvage [H.-E.] 1879:95 [6] [Bulletin de la Société philomathique de Paris (7th Série) v. 3; ref. 3881] Ogooué River at Doumé, Gabon. Holotype (unique): MNHN A-0967. On p. 6 of separate. •Valid as Caecomastacembelus niger (Sauvage 1879) -- (Travers 1984:145 [ref. 5147], Gosse 1986:426 [ref. 6194], Vreven 2004:102 [ref. 27762]). •Valid as Mastacembelus niger Sauvage 1879 -- (Vreven 2007:567 [ref. 30080] with new synonyms, Skelton 2019:228, 237 [ref. 36564], Kiselkewa et al. 2020:[11] 710 [ref. 38315], Fermon et al. 2022:226 [ref. 39448], Kanu et al. 2022:67 [ref. 39409]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus niger Sauvage 1879. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Western-central Africa: Cameroon south to Democratic Republic of Congo, including lower and middle Congo River basin. Habitat: freshwater.

nigrofasciatus, Mastacembelus moorii David [L.] & Poll [M.] 1937:275, Fig. 31 [Annales du Musée du Congo Belge Sér. C (Zoologie) (Sér. 1) v. 3 (fasc. 5); ref. 1043] Rumonge, Lake Tanganyika. Holotype (unique): MRAC 45008. Type catalog: Derijst 1991:55 [ref. 21528]. •Synonym of Afromastacembelus moorii (Boulenger 1898) -- (Gosse 1986:418 [ref. 6194]). •Synonym of Caecomastacembelus moorii (Boulenger 1898). •In Mastacembelus to agree with current placement of Caecomastacembelus. Current status: Synonym of Mastacembelus moorii Boulenger 1898. Mastacembelidae. Habitat: freshwater.

nigromarginatus, Mastacembelus Boulenger [G. A.] 1898:23 [Transactions of the Zoological Society of London v. 15 (pt 1, no. 1); ref. 547] Ashantee, Guinea [?Ashanti, Ghana]. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1899.10.26.5. •Valid as Caecomastacembelus nigromarginatus (Boulenger 1898) -- (Travers 1984:145 [ref. 5147], Gosse 1986:426 [ref. 6194]). •Valid as Aethiomastacembelus nigromarginatus (Boulenger 1898) -- (Paugy et al. 1990:343 [ref. 26477], Lévèque et al. 1991:146 [ref. 31367], Travers 1992:337 [ref. 14258], Travers in Lévêque et al. 1992:852 [ref. 21590]). •Valid as Mastacembelus nigromarginatus Boulenger 1898 -- (Vreven & Teugels 2005:332 [ref. 28650], Brown et al. 2011:287 [ref. 31286]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus nigromarginatus Boulenger 1898. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: West Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

notophthalmus, Mastacembelus Roberts [T. R.] 1989:181 [Memoirs of the California Academy of Sciences No. 14; ref. 6439] Tapah Fisheries Station, Perak, Malaysia. Holotype: CAS-SU 39403. Paratypes: CAS 49497 (1); MZB 3948-50 (1, 1, 1); CAS-SU 35660 (3), 39402 (1), 39404 (11), 39406 (1). •Valid as Mastacembelus notophthalmus Roberts 1989 -- (Kottelat et al. 1993:168 [ref. 23448], Britz 2007:257 [ref. 29343], Kottelat 2013:313 [ref. 32989], Ng et al. 2019:533 [ref. 36606], Ng & Tan 2020:176 [ref. 37671], Ahmad et al. 2023:121 [ref. 41243], Hasan et al. 2023:[2] 190 [ref. 40108]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus notophthalmus Roberts 1989. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Malaya (Malaysia), Sumatra, Bangka and Belitung (Indonesia). IUCN (2020): Least Concern. Habitat: freshwater.

oatesii, Mastacembelus Boulenger [G. A.] 1893:199 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 6) v. 12 (no. 69); ref. 14522] Fort Stedman, Inle Lake, southern Shan States, Myanmar, elevation 3000 feet. Syntypes: (8) BMNH 1893.6.30.113-118 (6), FMNH 5707 (1). Type catalog: Ibarra & Stewart 1987:55 [ref. 12367]. •Valid as Mastacembelus oatesii Boulenger 1893 -- (Travers 1984:143 [ref. 5147], Roberts 1986:106 [ref. 5802], Talwar & Jhingran 1991:1032 [ref. 20764], Yang & Zhou 2011:326 [ref. 31298], Kottelat 2013:313 [ref. 32989], Zhang et al. 2016:193 [ref. 34477], Kano et al. 2016:9 [ref. 34887]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus oatesii Boulenger 1893. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: China and Myanmar. Habitat: freshwater.

ocellatus, Rhynchophorus van Hasselt [J. C.] in Bleeker 1853:98 [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 25 (art. 8); ref. 341] Not available, name mentioned in synonymy. Nomen Nudum. Mastacembelidae.

ophidium, Mastacembelus Günther [A.] 1894:630 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1893 (pt 4) (art. 2) (for 7 Nov. 1893); ref. 14529] Lake Tanganyika. Lectotype: BMNH 1889.1.30.22. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1889.1.30.23-24 (4) near Ujiji. Lectotype selected by Vreven 2005:1540 [ref. 28140]. •Valid as Afromastacembelus ophidium (Günther 1894) -- (Travers 1984:145 [ref. 5147], Gosse 1986:419 [ref. 6194]). •Valid as Caecomastacembelus ophidium (Günther 1894). •Valid as Mastacembelus ophidium Günther 1894 -- (Vreven 2005:1540, 1544 [ref. 28140], Vreven & Snoeks 2009:1019 [ref. 30552], Vreven & Stiassny 2009:219 [ref. 30676], Brown et al. 2011:287 [ref. 31286]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus ophidium Günther 1894. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Lake Tanganyika. Habitat: freshwater.

pani, Mastacembelus Endruweit [M.] 2024:107, Fig. 214 [Fishes of the Red River - Perciformes, Synbranchiformes; ref. 41040] Bagahe (Dahe) River, Gam River drainage, Dongzi village, Jijie (Wachang), Xichou County, Wenshan Prefecture, China, about 23°31'N, 104°50'E. Holotype: KIZ 2009002152. Paratypes: KIZ 2009002152 (1), 2009004620-27 (8). •Valid as Mastacembelus pani Endruweit 2024. Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus pani Endruweit 2024. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: upper Gam River drainage, Wenshan Prefecture, China. Habitat: freshwater.

pantherinus, Mastacembelus Britz [R.] 2007:263, Figs. 5-6 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 18 (no. 3); ref. 29343] Lake Indawgyi, lower 300 meters of Nant Yen Khan Chaung, affluent of Lake Indawgyi, a little south of Lonton village, 25°06'00"N, 96°16'59"E, Kachin State, Myanmar. Holotype: NRM 55321. Paratypes: NRM 40687 (3), 40968 and 47972 (12), 41034 (1) •Valid as Mastacembelus pantherinus Britz 2007 -- (Kottelat 2013:313 [ref. 32989], Chen et al. 2024:135 [ref. 41792]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus pantherinus Britz 2007. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Lake Indawgyi basin, northern Myanmar. Habitat: freshwater.

paucispinis, Mastacembelus Boulenger [G. A.] 1899:54, Pl. 28 (fig. 3) [Annales du Musee du Congo (Série Zoologie) v. 1 (fasc. 3); ref. 548] Matadi, lower Congo River, Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype (unique): MRAC 55. CAS 62907 paratype? •Valid as Caecomastacembelus paucispinis (Boulenger 1899) -- (Travers 1984:145 [ref. 5147], Gosse 1986:426 [ref. 6194]). •Valid as Aethiomastacembelus paucispinis (Boulenger 1899) -- (Travers 1992:337 [ref. 14258], Vreven & Teugels 1997:85 [ref. 22885]). •Valid as Mastacembelus paucispinis Boulenger 1899 -- (Roberts 2021:73 [ref. 38074]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus paucispinis Boulenger 1899. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Democratic Republic of Congo. Habitat: freshwater.

pictus, Mastacembelus Bleeker [P.] 1853:98 [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 25 (art. 8); ref. 341] Not available, museum name mentioned in passing in synonymy. Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Mastacembelus erythrotaenia Bleeker 1850. Mastacembelidae.

plagiostomus, Mastacembelus Matthes [H.] 1962:66, Pl. 4 (fig. c) [Annales, Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Série in 8o, Sciences Zoologiques No. 111; ref. 6071] Mulongwe (Uvira), Lake Tanganyika. Holotype: MRAC 130400. Paratypes: BMNH 1936.6.15.1746 (1); MRAC 130401 (1), 130402-04 (3), 131054 (1), 131129-30 (2). •Valid as Afromastacembelus plagiostomus (Matthes 1962) -- (Travers 1984:145 [ref. 5147], Gosse 1986:419 [ref. 6194]). •Valid as Caecomastacembelus plagiostomus (Matthes 1962). •Valid as Mastacembelus plagiostomus Matthes 1962 -- (Vreven 2005:1540 [ref. 28140], Vreven & Snoeks 2009:1019 [ref. 30552], Brown et al. 2011:287 [ref. 31286]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus plagiostomus Matthes 1962. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Lake Tanganyika. Habitat: freshwater.

platysoma, Mastacembelus Poll [M.] & Matthes [H.] 1962:22, Pl. 6 [Annales, Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Série in 8o, Sciences Zoologiques No. 111; ref. 3538] Luhanga, Democratic Republic of Congo, Lake Tanganyika. Holotype: MRAC 94672. Paratypes: MRAC 131219 (1), 131220-24 (5), 131225-29 (7). Type catalog: Derijst 1991:55 [ref. 21528]. •Valid as Afromastacembelus platysoma (Poll & Matthes 1962) -- (Travers 1984:145 [ref. 5147], Gosse 1986:419 [ref. 6194]). •Valid as Caecomastacembulus platysoma (Poll & Matthes 1962). •Valid as Mastacembelus platysoma Poll & Matthes 1962 -- (Vreven 2005:1540 [ref. 28140], Vreven & Snoeks 2009:1019 [ref. 30552], Vreven & Stiassny 2009:219 [ref. 30676], Brown et al. 2011:287 [ref. 31286]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus platysoma Poll & Matthes 1962. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Eastern Africa: Lake Tanganyika. Habitat: freshwater.

polli, Mastacembelus Vreven [E. J.] 2005:1552, Fig. 8 [Journal of Natural History v. 39 (no. 18); ref. 28140] Cap Kabeyeye, Zambia, about 8°32'S, 30°43'E. Holotype: MRAC 78-25-P-41. Paratypes: MCZ 162850 [ex 50841] (1); MRAC 128687 (1), 128688 (1), 84-23-P-638 (1); SAIAB 42477 (1). Plus non-type material. •Valid as Mastacembelus polli Vreven 2005 -- (Vreven & Snoeks 2009:1019 [ref. 30552]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus polli Vreven 2005. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Lake Tanganyika. Habitat: freshwater.

polyacantha, Rhynchobdella Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.] 1801:479 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] Tranquebar [Tharangambadi] rivers, India. Lectotype: ZMB 1415. Paralectotypes: ZMB (1, stuffed, lost). Type catalog: Paepke 1999:99 [ref. 24282]. Lectotype selected by Paepke 1999:99 [ref. 24282]. •Questionably a synonym of Mastacembelus armatus (Lacepède 1800) -- (Paepke 1999:99 [ref. 24282]). •Synonym of Mastacembelus armatus (Lacepède 1800) -- (Lacepède 1800) -- (Kottelat 2013:312 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Mastacembelus armatus (Lacepède 1800). Mastacembelidae. Habitat: freshwater.

ponticerianus, Mastacembelus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1832:460 [Histoire naturelle des poissons; ref. 1000] Ponducherry, India. Syntypes: MNHN 0000-5375 (2). •Synonym of Mastacembelus armatus (Lacepède 1800) -- (Menon 1999:303 [ref. 24904], Kottelat 2013:312 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Mastacembelus armatus (Lacepède 1800). Mastacembelidae. Habitat: freshwater.

praensis, Aethiomastacembelus Travers [R. A.] 1992:336, Fig. 2 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 2 (no. 4); ref. 14258] Jimi River, a small tributary of the Pra River, 6°15'N, 1°30'W, Ghana. Holotype: MRAC 153592. Paratypes: CAS-SU 66747 (1), 66749 (10); USNM 288841 (9). •Valid as Aethiomastacembelus praensis Travers 1992 -- (Travers in Lévêque et al. 1992:851 [ref. 21590]). •Valid as Mastacembelus praensis (Travers 1992) -- (Vreven & Teugels 2005:332 [ref. 28650]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus praensis (Travers 1992). Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Ghana. Habitat: freshwater.

reticulatus, Mastacembelus Boulenger [G. A.] 1911:638 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 8) v. 8 (no. 47); ref. 14784] Sierra Leone. Syntypes: BMNH 1911.4.6.2-3 (2). •Valid as Caecomastacembelus reticulatus (Boulenger 1911) -- (Travers 1984:145 [ref. 5147], Gosse 1986:426 [ref. 6194]). •Synonym of Aethiomastacembelus liberiensis (Boulenger 1898) -- (Lévèque et al. 1991:146 [ref. 31367], Travers in Lévêque et al. 1992:852 [ref. 21590]). •Synonym of Mastacembelus liberiensis Boulenger 1898 -- (Vreven & Teugels 2005:343 [ref. 28650]). Current status: Synonym of Mastacembelus liberiensis Boulenger 1898. Mastacembelidae. Habitat: freshwater.

reygeli, Mastacembelus Vreven [E. J.] & Snoeks [J.] 2009:1030, Fig. 7 [Journal of Fish Biology v. 75 (no. 5); ref. 30552] Zone entre le lieu dit "La chute" à 1 kilometer au sud de Rutungu jusqu'à Magera, Burundi, Lake Tanganyika, 3°44'S to 29°21'E. Holotype: MRAC 73-68-P-552. Paratypes: MRAC 93326-332 (7); MCZ 165965 (5). •Valid as Mastacembelus reygeli Vreven & Snoeks 2009. Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus reygeli Vreven & Snoeks 2009. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Lake Tanganyika, southeastern Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

robertsi, Aethiomastacembelus Vreven [E. J.] & Teugels [G. G.] 1996:133, Fig. 4 [Copeia 1996 (no. 1); ref. 22026] Stanley Pool, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo, about 4°06'S, 15°15'E. Holotype: MRAC 177695. Paratypes: MCZ 48418-19 (3, 1), 50316 (3), 50398 (2), 50560 (8), 50590 (14); MRAC 177696 (1). •Valid as Mastacembelus robertsi (Vreven & Teugels 1996) -- (Kanu et al. 2022:67 [ref. 39409]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus robertsi (Vreven & Teugels 1996). Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Western-central Africa: Democratic Republic of Congo. Habitat: freshwater.

sanagali, Mastacembelus Thys van den Audenaerde [D. F. E.] 1972:360, Fig. 2 [Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines v. 86 (nos 3-4); ref. 7653] Sanaga River at Nachtigal near the ferry, Cameroon Republic. Holotype: MRAC 178715. Paratypes: MRAC 178716 (1). •Valid as Caecomastacembelus sanagali (Thys van den Audenaerde 1972) -- (Travers 1984:145 [ref. 5147], Gosse 1986:427 [ref. 6194]). •Valid as Aethiomastacembelus sanagali (Thys van den Audenaerde 1972) -- (Travers 1992:337 [ref. 14258], Vreven 2004:102 [ref. 27762]). •Valid as Mastacembelus sanagali Thys van den Audenaerde 1972 -- (Vreven 2007:557 [ref. 30080]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus sanagali Thys van den Audenaerde 1972. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: West-central Africa: Sanaga River basin, Cameroon. Habitat: freshwater.

sclateri, Mastacembelus Boulenger [G. A.] 1903:28, Pl. 5 (fig. 2) [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1903, v. 1 (pt 1) (art. 3); ref. 570] Mvile River, southern Cameroon. Syntypes: BMNH 1903.7.28.73-76 (4) or 1903.7.28.75-78 (4). •Valid as Caecomastacembelus sclateri (Boulenger 1903) -- (Travers 1984:145 [ref. 5147], Gosse 1986:427 [ref. 6194], Vreven 2004:102 [ref. 27762]). •Synonym of Mastacembelus marchei Sauvage 1879 -- (Vreven 2007:563 [ref. 30080]). Current status: Synonym of Mastacembelus marchei Sauvage 1879. Mastacembelidae. Habitat: freshwater.

seiteri, Mastacembelus Thys van den Audenaerde [D. F. E.] 1972:360, Fig. 1 [Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines v. 86 (nos 3-4); ref. 7653] Sanaga River at Nachtigal, Cameroon. Holotype (unique): MRAC 178714. •Valid as Caecomastacembelus seiteri (Thys van den Audenaerde 1972) -- (Travers 1984:145 [ref. 5147], Gosse 1986:427 [ref. 6194], Vreven 2004:102 [ref. 27762]). •Valid as Mastacembelus seiteri Thys van den Audenaerde 1972 -- (Vreven 2007:559 [ref. 30080]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus seiteri Thys van den Audenaerde 1972. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: West-central Africa: Sanaga River basin, Cameroon. Habitat: freshwater.

sexdecimspinus, Afromastacembelus Roberts [T. R.] & Travers [R. A.] 1986:107, Figs. 1-5 [Cybium v. 10 (no. 2); ref. 6759] High gradient rapids of Cross River, near Widekum, Cameroon. Holotype: CAS 51558. Paratypes: BMNH 1985.10.4.1-2 (2); CAS 51559-60 (2, 1); MRAC 84-04-P-1 (1); MNHN 1986-0396 (1). •Valid as Aethiomastacembelus sexdecimspinus (Roberts & Travers 1986) -- (Travers in Lévêque et al. 1992:851 [ref. 21590], Travers 1992:337 [ref. 14258], Vreven 2004:102 [ref. 27762]). •Valid as Mastacembelus sexdecimspinus (Roberts & Travers 1986) -- (Vreven 2007:555 [ref. 30080], Roberts 2021:74 [ref. 38074]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus sexdecimspinus (Roberts & Travers 1986). Mastacembelidae. Distribution: West-central Africa: Cameroon. Habitat: freshwater.

shiloangoensis, Aethiomastacembelus Vreven [E. J.] 2004:98, Fig. 1 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 15 (no. 2); ref. 27762] River Kiswila at Nord de Tondi, Mayumbe [= Kishuila, about 4°49'S, 13°10'E], Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype: MRAC 19961. Paratypes: MRAC 174146 (1), 19962-63 (1, 1). •Valid as Mastacembelus shiloangoensis (Vreven 2004) -- (Vreven 2007:559 [ref. 30080], Skelton 2019:228 [ref. 36564]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus shiloangoensis (Vreven 2004). Mastacembelidae. Distribution: West-central Africa: Shiloango River basin, Democratic Republic of Congo and Angola. Habitat: freshwater.

shiranus, Mastacembelus Günther [A.] 1896:397 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 6) v. 17 (no. 101) (art. 57); ref. 14608] Upper Shiré River, central Africa. Syntypes: BMNH 1894.7.6.4-5 (2). •Valid as Afromastacembelus shiranus (Günther 1896) -- (Travers 1984:145 [ref. 5147], Gosse 1986:419 [ref. 6194]). •Valid as Aethiomastacembelus shiranus (Günther 1896) -- (Skelton 1993:340 [ref. 24071], Skelton 2001:340 [ref. 27406]). •Valid as Mastacembelus shiranus Günther 1896. Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus shiranus Günther 1896. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Lake Malawi and tributaries. Habitat: freshwater.

signatus, Mastacembelus Boulenger [G. A.] 1905:647 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 16 (no. 96) (art. 72); ref. 15342] Lake Bangwelo [Bangweolo], Zambia. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1905.11.10.13. Dorsal and anal fins abnormally short -- (Van Steenberge et al. 2014:336 [ref. 33291]). •Valid as Afromastacembelus signatus (Boulenger 1905) -- (Travers 1984:145 [ref. 5147], Gosse 1986:420 [ref. 6194]). •Valid as Caecomastacembelus signatus (Boulenger 1905). •In Mastacembelus to agree with current placement of Caecomastacembelus. •Valid as Mastacembelus signatus -- (Brown et al. 2011:287 [ref. 31286]). •Synonym of Mastacembelus congicus Boulenger 1896 -- (Van Steenberge et al. 2014:336-337 [ref. 33291]). Current status: Synonym of Mastacembelus congicus Boulenger 1896. Mastacembelidae. Habitat: freshwater.

simack, Ophidium Walbaum [J. J.] 1792:159 [Petri Artedi sueci genera piscium Part 3; ref. 4572] "Fluvio prope Halepum". Based on On Gronovius Zooph. pl. 8 (fig. 1) and Russell Hist Aleppo, pl. 12 (no. 2). We here treat the unused name Ophidium simack Walbaum 1792 as a nomen oblitum, and Ophidium mastacembelus Banks & Solander 1794 as a nomen protectum. •Valid as Mastacembelus simack (Walbaum 1792) -- (Kottelat 2022:448 [ref. 39410]). •In the synonymy of Mastacembelus mastacembelus (Banks & Solander 1794) -- (Coad 1991:22 [ref. 15702], Coad 1995:32 [ref. 23608], Fricke et al. 2007:76 [ref. 29533], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:249 [ref. 37983]). Nomen Oblitum. Current status: Synonym of Mastacembelus mastacembelus (Banks & Solander 1794). Mastacembelidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

simbi, Mastacembelus Vreven [E. J.] & Stiassny [M. L. J.] 2009:214, Figs. 1-2 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 20 (no. 3); ref. 30676] Small rock outcrop across main channel of Congo River from Lenga Lenga, near border with Republic of Congo, 4°53'42.43"S, 14°24'18.70"E, Bas Congo Province, Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype: AMNH 247179. Paratypes: AMNH 247180 (4), 247181 (1), 248085 (12, 2 c&s); MCZ 168416 (2); MRAC 2009-17-P-1-4 (4); ZSM 38605 [ex AMNH 247179] (4). Type catalog: Neumann 2011:268 [ref. 31652] •Valid as Mastacembelus simbi Vreven & Stiassny 2009. Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus simbi Vreven & Stiassny 2009. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Middle reaches, Congo River, central Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

stappersii, Mastacembelus Boulenger [G. A.] 1914:446 [Revue de Zoologie Africaine v. 3 (pt 3); ref. 583] Lake Moero [Lake Mweru], Democratic Republic of Congo. Lectotype: MRAC 11854. Paralectotypes: (several) BMNH 1920.5.26.170-171 (2); MRAC 11706 (1), 11855 (1). Lectotype selected by Van Steenberge et al. 2014:336 [ref. 33291]. •Valid as Afromastacembelus stappersii (Boulenger 1914) -- (Travers 1984:145 [ref. 5147], Gosse 1986:420 [ref. 6194]). •Valid as Caecomastacembelus stappersii (Boulenger 1914). •In Mastacembelus to agree with current placement of Caecomastacembelus. •Valid as Mastacembelus stappersii Boulenger 1914 -- (Brown et al. 2011:287 [ref. 31286]). •Synonym of Mastacembelus frenatus Boulenger 1901 -- (Van Steenberge et al. 2014:336 [ref. 33291]). Current status: Synonym of Mastacembelus frenatus Boulenger 1901. Mastacembelidae. Habitat: freshwater.

strigiventus, Mastacembelus Zhou [W.] & Yang [L.-P.] in Yang & Zhou 2011:328, Figs. 3, 8 [Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica v. 36 (no. 2); ref. 31298] Nabang-He River, Irrawaddy drainage, Nabang, 24°40'N, 97°34'E, Yingjiang County, Yunnan Province, China. Holotype: KIZ 7801024. Paratypes: KIZ 7801022-23 (2). Type catalog: Du et al. 2013:355 [ref. 32939], •Questionably a synonym of Mastacembelus tinwini Britz 2007 -- (Kottelat 2013:313 [ref. 32989]). •Valid as Mastacembelus strigiventus Zhou & Yang 2011 -- (Zhang et al. 2016:193 [ref. 34477], Chen et al. 2024:134 [ref. 41792]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus strigiventus Zhou & Yang 2011. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Irrawaddy River basin, Myanmar and Yunnan Province, China. Habitat: freshwater.

syriacus, Mastacembelus Gronow [L. T.] in Gray 1854:172 [Catalogue of fish collected and described by Laurence Theodore Gronow; ref. 1911] Coic River, Syria. No types known. •Synonym of Mastacembelus simack (Walbaum 1792) -- (Kottelat 2022:448 [ref. 39410]). •Synonym of Mastacembelus mastacembelus (Banks & Solander 1794) -- (Coad 2015:3 [ref. 35412], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:249 [ref. 37983]). Current status: Synonym of Mastacembelus mastacembelus (Banks & Solander 1794). Mastacembelidae. Habitat: freshwater.

taeniatus, Mastacembelus Boulenger [G. A.] 1901:6 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 7 (no. 37) (art. 1); ref. 5758] North end of Lake Tanganyika. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1906.9.6.162. •Synonym of Afromastacembelus frenatus (Boulenger 1901) -- (Gosse 1986:417 [ref. 6194]). •Synonym of Caecomastacembelus frenatus (Boulenger 1901) -- (Seegers 1996:332 [ref. 23725]). Current status: Synonym of Mastacembelus frenatus Boulenger 1901. Mastacembelidae. Habitat: freshwater.

taiaensis, Caecomastacembelus Travers [R. A.] 1992:332, Fig. 1 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 2 (no. 4); ref. 14258] Tributary of Taia River at Yele, Sierra Leone. Holotype: BMNH 1985.6.12.112. Paratypes: MRAC 73-10-P-7363-7371 (9), 73-10-P-7372 (1, c&s). Other material: BMNH 1915.4.13.73 (1), 1958.9.18.288 (1), 1958.9.22.94 (1), 1976.11.12.191-192 (2), 1976.11.12.193-194 (2). •Valid as Caecomastacembelus taiaensis Travers 1992 -- (Travers in Lévêque et al. 1992:854 [ref. 21590], Travers 1992:335 [ref. 14258]). •Valid as Mastacembelus taiaensis (Travers 1992) -- (Vreven & Teugels 2005:332 [ref. 28650], Kanu et al. 2022:67 [ref. 39409]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus taiaensis (Travers 1992). Mastacembelidae. Distribution: West Africa: Sierra Leone. Habitat: freshwater.

tanganicae, Mastacembelus Günther [A.] 1894:629 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1893 (pt 4) (art. 2) (for 7 Nov. 1893); ref. 14529] Lake Tanganyika. Syntypes: BMNH 1889.1.30.16-21 (6). •Valid as Afromastacembelus tanganicae (Günther 1894) -- (Travers 1984:145 [ref. 5147], Gosse 1986:420 [ref. 6194]). •Valid as Caecomastacembelus tanganicae (Günther 1894). •Valid as Mastacembelus tanganicae Günther 1894 -- (Vreven 2005:1540 [ref. 28140], Vreven & Snoeks 2009:1019 [ref. 30552], Brown et al. 2011:287 [ref. 31286], Kanu et al. 2022:67 [ref. 39409]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus tanganicae Günther 1894. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: East Africa: Lake Tanganyika. Habitat: freshwater.

thacbaensis, Mastacembelus Nguyen [H. D.], Nguyen [V. H.] & Ngo [S. V.] in Nguyen 2006:633, Fig. 4 [Freshwater fishes of Vietnam v. 3; ref. 29809] Lower Lo River, Yen Bai Province, Vietnam [Thac Ba Lake, Yen Binh district, Yen Bai Province, Vietnam, about 21°52'N, 104°56'E]. Neotype: ZMB 35101. Original types: RIA1 (lost) [ex NCNTTS I Inst., Bac Ninh.], (5, lost). Neotype designated by Endruweit 2024:109 [ref. 41040]. •Questionably a synonym of Mastacembelus undulatus (McClelland 1843) -- (Kottelat 2013:313 [ref. 32989]). •Valid as Mastacembelus thacbaensis Nguyen, Nguyen & Ngo 2006 -- (Vu et al. 2019:150 [ref. 37811]). •Synonym of Mastacembelus undulatus (McClelland 1843) -- (Endruweit 2024:109 [ref. 41040]). Current status: Synonym of Mastacembelus undulatus (McClelland 1843). Mastacembelidae. Habitat: freshwater.

thompsoni, Mastacembelus Boulenger [G. A.] 1918:578 [Annals of the South African Museum v. 11 (Appendix); ref. 15095] Sesheke, Zambia [n. Rhodesia]. Holotype (unique): SAM 14542 [now at AMG]. •Synonym of Afromastacembelus frenatus (Boulenger 1901) -- (Gosse 1986:417 [ref. 6194]). •Synonym of Caecomastacembelus frenatus (Boulenger 1901) -- (Seegers 1996:332 [ref. 23725]). •In Mastacembelus to agree with current placement of Caecomastacembelus. Current status: Synonym of Mastacembelus frenatus Boulenger 1901. Mastacembelidae. Habitat: freshwater.

tinwini, Mastacembelus Britz [R.] 2007:258, Figs. 2, 3a [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 18 (no. 3); ref. 29343] Thaton market, Mon State, Myanmar. Holotype: NRM 55468. Paratypes: BMNH 2007.1.10.1 (1), CMK 19715 (6), NRM 48646 (12), USNM 385951 (4). Plus non-type material. •Valid as Mastacembelus tinwini Britz 2007 -- (Kottelat 2013:313 [ref. 32989], Ng et al. 2019:534 [ref. 36606], Jamaluddin et al. 2022:[7] [ref. 39245]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus tinwini Britz 2007. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Salween basin in Myanmar, Malaya (Malaysia). Habitat: freshwater.

traversi, Aethiomastacembelus Vreven [E. J.] & Teugels [G. G.] 1997:82, Fig. 2 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 8 (no. 1); ref. 22885] Lualaba River, in rapids, kilometer 47 road Kisangani-Waie Rukula, about 0°14'N, 25°34'E, Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype: MRAC 90-30-P-1951. Paratypes: MCZ 148434 (1); MRAC 118575 (1, tail mutilated), 73-22-P-5048 (1); CAS-SU 66748 (1). •Valid as Mastacembelus traversi (Vreven & Teugels 1997). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus traversi (Vreven & Teugels 1997). Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Democratic Republic of Congo. Habitat: freshwater.

triolobus, Mastacembelus Zhou [W.] & Yang [L.-P.] in Yang & Zhou 2011:329, Figs. 4, 9 [Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica v. 36 (no. 2); ref. 31298] Long-Jiang River, Irrawaddy drainage, Tuantian, 24°41'N, 98°39'E, Tengchong County, Yunnan Province, China. Holotype: KIZ 764223. Paratypes: KIZ 764222 (1), 764224 (1). Type catalog: Du et al. 2013:355 [ref. 32939]. •Synonym of Mastacembelus armatus (Lacepede 1800) -- (Kottelat 2013:313 [ref. 32989]). •Valid as Mastacembelus triolobus Zhou & Yang 2011 -- (Zhang et al. 2016:193 [ref. 34477]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus triolobus Zhou & Yang 2011. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Upper Irrawaddy River basin, Yunnan Province, China. Habitat: freshwater.

trispinosus, Mastacembelus Steindachner [F.] 1911:529 [Anzeiger der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse v. 48 (no. 26); ref. 14812] Ituri (near Mawambi), tributary of Congo River, Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype (unique): NMW 73352. Species later described in more detail in Steindachner 1911:1183 [ref. 14811]. •Valid as Afromastacembelus trispinosus (Steindachner 1911) -- (Travers 1984:145 [ref. 5147], Gosse 1986:420 [ref. 6194]). •Valid as Caecomastacembelus trispinosus (Steindachner 1911). •In Mastacembelus to agree with current placement of Caecomastacembelus. Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus trispinosus Steindachner 1911. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Democratic Republic of Congo. Habitat: freshwater.

truttoides, Mastacembelus Endruweit [M.] 2024:108, Fig. 215 [Fishes of the Red River - Perciformes, Synbranchiformes; ref. 41040] Nameguohe River, Red River drainage, Nameguo village, Xinjie Town, Wenshan Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China, about 23°09'N, 103°506E. Holotype: KIZ 2008000908. Paratypes: KIZ 2008000899-909 (15). •Valid as Mastacembelus truttoides Endruweit 2024. Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus truttoides Endruweit 2024. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Namxihe River drainage, upper Red River basin, Wenshan Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China. Habitat: freshwater.

ubangensis, Mastacembelus Boulenger [G. A.] 1911:637 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 8) v. 8 (no. 47); ref. 14784] Ubangi River at Banzyville, Democratic Republic of Congo. Syntypes: BMNH 1901.12.26.65 (1), MRAC 1204 (1). •Valid as Caecomastacembelus ubangensis (Boulenger 1911) -- (Travers 1984:145 [ref. 5147], Gosse 1986:427 [ref. 6194]). •Synonym of Mastacembelus niger Sauvage 1879 -- (Vreven 2007:567 [ref. 30080]). Current status: Synonym of Mastacembelus niger Sauvage 1879. Mastacembelidae. Habitat: freshwater.

ubangipaucispinis, Mastacembelus Roberts [T. R.] 2021:71, Fig. 1 [aqua, International Journal of Ichthyology v. 26 (no. 3-4) [for 2020]; ref. 38074] Rapids in Ubangi River 43-47 km upriver from Ubangi, Central African Republic. Holotype (unique): NRM 64699. •Valid as Mastacembelus ubangipaucispinis Roberts 2021. Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus ubangipaucispinis Roberts 2021. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Central Africa: Ubangi River drainage, Congo basin. Habitat: freshwater.

undulatus, Macrognathus McClelland [J.] 1843:398, Pl. 22 (fig. 1) [Calcutta Journal of Natural History v. 4 (no. 4) (for 1844); ref. 2927] Day River, Red River delta, Hoa Lu district, Ninh Binh Province, Vietnam [Chusan Island, China]. Neotype: ANSP 210057-5080. Neotype designated by Endruweit 2024:109 [ref. 41040]. •Synonym of Mastacembelus armatus (Lacepède 1800) -- (Zheng 1989:371 [ref. 21202], Menon 1999:303 [ref. 24904]). •See Kottelat 2001:63 [ref. 25482]. •Valid as Mastacembelus undulatus (McClelland 1843) -- (Britz 2007:257 [ref. 29343], Kottelat 2013:313 [ref. 32989], Endruweit 2024:109 [ref. 41040]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus undulatus (McClelland 1843). Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Red River and Pearl River basins, southern China and Vietnam. Habitat: freshwater.

unicolor, Mastacembelus Cuvier [G.] (ex Kuhl & van Hasselt) in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1832:453 [Histoire naturelle des poissons; ref. 1000] Java, Indonesia. Syntypes: MNHN 5693 (1); ? RMNH 1345 (2), ?1181 (1) Type information: Roberts 1993:45 [ref. 21799]. •Valid as Mastacembelus unicolor Cuvier 1832 -- (Travers 1984:143 [ref. 5147], Roberts 1989:182 [ref. 6439], Roberts 1993:45 [ref. 21799], Kottelat et al. 1993:168 [ref. 23448], Kottelat & Lim 1996:249 [ref. 23210], Kottelat & Widjanarti 2005:169 [ref. 28284], Parenti & Lim 2005:193 [ref. 28285], Kottelat 2013:314 [ref. 32989], Britz 2017:80 [ref. 35487], Sulaiman et al. 2018:36 [ref. 35802] with author Cuvier, Wilkinson & Tan 2018:602 [ref. 36226], Ng et al. 2019:534 [ref. 36606], Ng & Tan 2020:176 [ref. 37671], Hasan et al. 2022:6035 [ref. 39888]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus unicolor Cuvier 1832. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Malaya (Malaysia), Sumatra, Java and Borneo (Indonesia). Habitat: freshwater.

vanderwaali, Mastacembelus Skelton [P. H.] 1976:104, Figs. 2-3 [Annals of the Cape Provincial Museums (Natural History) v. 11 (no. 6); ref. 7392] Mainstream of Zambezi River at Katima Mulilo, eastern Caprivi, about 17°30'S, 24°16'E, Angola. Holotype: AMG P3183a. Paratypes: AMG P2712 (?5), SAIAB [formerly RUSI] 5654 [ex AMG P3449] (3); NMBZ 3451(14). Type catalog: Skelton & Stuart 1987:187 [ref. 12628]. •Valid as Afromastacembelus vanderwaali (Skelton 1976) -- (Travers 1984:145 [ref. 5147], Gosse 1986:420 [ref. 6194]). •Valid as Aethiomastacembelus vanderwaali (Skelton 1976) -- (Skelton 1993:340 [ref. 24071], Skelton 2001:341 [ref. 27406]). •Valid as Mastacembelus vanderwaali Skelton 1976 -- (Brown et al. 2011:287 [ref. 31286], Marshall 2011:261 [ref. 31755], Bruton et al. 2018:83 [ref. 36373]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus vanderwaali Skelton 1976. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Southern Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

venosus, Mastacembelus Valenciennes [A.] in Jacquemont 1838:no p., Pl. 14 (fig. 1) [Voyage dans l'Inde pendant les années 1828 à 1832; ref. 17872] India. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000-5702. This account not accompanied by "Nov." as in other new species. Plate probably dates to 1838, see Britz et al. 2017:540 [ref. 35498]. •Synonym of Mastacembelus armatus (Lacepède 1800) -- (Kottelat 2013:313 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Mastacembelus armatus (Lacepède 1800). Mastacembelidae. Habitat: freshwater.

victoriae, Mastacembelus Boulenger [G. A.] 1903:218 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 12 (no. 68) (art. 14); ref. 15015] Eastern Africa: Lake Victoria [Victoria Nyanza]. Syntypes: (3) BMNH 1903.12.2.6 (1), BMNH uncat. (2). •Synonym of Afromastacembelus frenatus (Boulenger 1901) -- (Gosse 1986:417 [ref. 6194]). •Synonym of Caecomastacembelus frenatus (Boulenger 1901) -- (Seegers 1996:332 [ref. 23725]). •Synonym of Mastacembelus frenatus Boulenger 1901 -- (Seegers et al. 2003:42 [ref. 28087]). Current status: Synonym of Mastacembelus frenatus Boulenger 1901. Mastacembelidae. Habitat: freshwater.

zebratus, Mastacembelus Matthes [H.] 1962:68, Pl. 4 (fig. d) [Annales, Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Série in 8o, Sciences Zoologiques No. 111; ref. 6071] Makobola, Lake Tanganyika. Holotype: MRAC 130397. Paratypes: 130398-99 (1, 1), 130800-01 (2), 131066 (1), 131131 (1). •Valid as Afromastacembelus zebratus (Matthes 1962) -- (Travers 1984:145 [ref. 5147], Gosse 1986:421 [ref. 6194]). •Valid as Caecomastacembelus zebratus (Matthes 1962) -- (authors). •Valid as Mastacembelus zebratus Matthes 1962 -- (Vreven 2005:1540 [ref. 28140], Vreven & Snoeks 2009:1019 [ref. 30552]). Current status: Valid as Mastacembelus zebratus Matthes 1962. Mastacembelidae. Distribution: Lake Tanganyika. Habitat: freshwater.