Please look in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes for authorships of sections, Families of Fishes (all), and related information.

Species in the genus Oreochromis: [ 81 ] records

adolfi, Tilapia Steindachner [F.] 1915:82 [24] [Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse. v. 92; ref. 15072] Mukondokwa River, near Kilosa, Tanzania. Lectotype: NMW 24782. Paralectotypes: NMW 24783 (1). Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Tilapia adolfi Steindachner 1909, replaced by Tilapia hornorum Trewavas 1966. Lectotype designation not established, not selected here. •Synonym of Oreochromis urolepis (Norman 1922), subspecies hornorum (Trewavas 1966) -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:343 [ref. 20954]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Oreochromis urolepis (Norman 1922). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

alcalica, Tilapia Hilgendorf [F. M.] 1905:407 [Zoologische Jahrbücher, Abteilung für Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere (Jena) v. 22 (no. 4); ref. 15364] Ndadalani at the Nguruman Salt Lake [now Lake Natron], Tanzania. Lectotype: ZMB 16337 (40.5 mm). Paralectotypes: BMNH 1905.7.25.29-31 (now 4), ZMB 31905 [ex ZMB 16377] (4). Lectotype selected by Seegers & Tichy 1999:103 [ref. 23790]. •Valid as Alcolapia alcalica (Hilgendorf 1905) -- (Seegers et al. 2003:42 [ref. 28087] as alcalicus, Seegers 2008:154 [ref. 29830]). •Valid as Oreochromis alcalicus (Hilgendorf 1905), valid subspecies alcalicus -- (Trewavas 1982:12 [ref. 39521]). •Valid as Oreochromis alcalicus (Hilgendorf 1905) -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:307 [ref. 20954], Seegers & Tichy 1999:101 [ref. 23790], Ford et al. 2019:223 [ref. 36713]). Current status: Valid as Oreochromis alcalicus (Hilgendorf 1905). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Distribution: East Africa: Tanzania and Kenya. Habitat: freshwater.

alleni, Tilapia Fowler [H. W.] 1931:238, Fig. 1 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 83; ref. 1409] Botletle River at Maun, Bechuanaland [Botswana]. Holotype (unique): ANSP 53193. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:56 [ref. 13621]. •Synonym of Oreochromis macrochir (Boulenger 1912) -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:321 [ref. 20954]). Current status: Synonym of Oreochromis macrochir (Boulenger 1912). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Habitat: freshwater.

amphimelas, Tilapia Hilgendorf [F. M.] 1905:405 [Zoologische Jahrbücher, Abteilung für Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere (Jena) v. 22 (no. 4); ref. 15364] Lake Manyara, east Africa. Syntypes: (2) ZMB 16373 (now 3). •Valid as Oreochromis amphimelas (Hilgendorf 1905) -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:308 [ref. 20954], Ford et al. 2019:223 [ref. 36713]). Current status: Valid as Oreochromis amphimelas (Hilgendorf 1905). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Distribution: Central Tanzanian lakes. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

andersonii, Chromys Castelnau [F. L.] 1861:14 [Mémoire sur les poissons de l'Afrique australe; ref. 767] Okavango River, Botswana, southern Africa. Neotype: BMNH 1910.5.31.71. Type catalog: Bauchot et al. 1978:44 [ref. 20862]. Original genus should have been Chromis. Neotype designated by Trewavas 1966:414 [ref. 9082]. •Valid as Oreochromis andersonii (Castelnau 1861) -- (Trewavas 1981:42 [ref. 39520], Trewavas & Teugels 1991:309 [ref. 20954], Skelton 1993:327 [ref. 24071], Skelton 2001:327 [ref. 27406], Seegers et al. 2003:43 [ref. 28087], Marshall 2011:249 [ref. 31755], Kramer et al. 2016:unnumbered p. [ref. 34331], Bruton et al. 2018:88 [ref. 36373], Skelton 2019:236 [ref. 36564], Fermon et al. 2022:246 [ref. 39448] with question). Current status: Valid as Oreochromis andersonii (Castelnau 1861). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Distribution: Southern-central Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

andersonii, Petrochromis Boulenger [G. A.] 1901:13 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 8 (no. 43) (art. 3); ref. 14749] Albert Edward Nyanza [Lake Albert] [in error]. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1906.9.7.48. Subjectively invalid; secondarily preoccupied in Oreochromis by Chromys andersonii Castelnau 1861. •Synonym of Tilapia tanganicae (Günther 1894) -- (Trewavas 1946:241 [ref. 35931]). •Synonym of Oreochromis tanganicae (Günther 1894) -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:343 [ref. 20954]). Current status: Synonym of Oreochromis tanganicae (Günther 1894). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Habitat: freshwater.

angolensis, Sarotherodon Trewavas [E.] 1973:27, Pl. 1 [Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Zoology v. 25 (no. 1) (art. 2); ref. 7593] Quanza River at Cambambe, Angola. Holotype: BMNH 1911.6.1.140. Paratypes: ANSP 37976-81 (6); BMNH 1911.6.1.141-142 (2), 1911.6.1.143-147 (5); NMW 24679-683 (5); USNM 42323 (1), 42325 (6), 42327 (1), 42335 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:56 [ref. 13621]. •Valid as Oreochromis angolensis (Trewavas 1973) -- (Trewavas 1981:42 [ref. 39520], Trewavas 1982:12 [ref. 39521], Trewavas & Teugels 1991:310 [ref. 20954], Skelton 2019:236 [ref. 36564]). Current status: Valid as Oreochromis angolensis (Trewavas 1973). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Distribution: Southern Africa. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

arnoldi, Tilapia Gilchrist [J. D. F.] & Thompson [W. W.] 1917:497 [Annals of the South African Museum v. 11 (pt 6); ref. 15119] Mazoe River, Rhodesia [Zimbabwe], southern Africa. Holotype (unique): SAM 10862 [now at AMG]. •Synonym of Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters 1852) -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:327 [ref. 20954]). Current status: Synonym of Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters 1852). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

athiensis, Tilapia nilotica var. Boulenger [G. A.] 1916:347 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1916 (pt 2) (art. 10); ref. 15052] Tributaries of Athi River, Kenya. Syntypes: BMNH 1915.12.2.88-102 (?30). •Synonym of Oreochromis spilurus (Günther 1894), subspecies niger (Günther 1894) -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:340 [ref. 20954], Seegers et al. 2003:45 [ref. 28087]). Current status: Synonym of Oreochromis spilurus (Günther 1894). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae.

aureus, Chromis Steindachner [F.] 1864:229, Pl. 8 (fig. 5) [Verhandlungen der K.-K. zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien v. 14; ref. 13938] West Africa. Lectotype: NMW 32874. Paralectotypes: (several). Lectotype selected by Trewavas 1965:265 [ref. 23091]. •Valid as Tilapia aurea (Steindachner 1864) -- (Lee et al. 1980:771 [ref. 22416], Boschung 1992:150 [ref. 23239]). •Valid as Oreochromis aureus (Steindachner 1864) -- (Trewavas 1982:12 [ref. 39521], Krupp & Schneider 1989:396 [ref. 13651], Page & Burr 1991:334 [ref. 18983], Trewavas & Teugels 1991:311 [ref. 20954], Lévèque et al. 1991:145 [ref. 31367], Teugels & Thys van den Audenaerde in Lévêque et al. 1992:763 [ref. 21590], Skelton 1993:330 [ref. 24071], Mekkawy 1995:1 [ref. 23990], Zhu 1995:172, 206 [ref. 25213], Fuller et al. 1999:435 [ref. 25838], Rafique 2000:327 [ref. 25220], Carpenter 2001:3336 [ref. 26131], Skelton 2001:330 [ref. 27406], Moyle 2002:420 [ref. 26449], Carpenter 2003:1693 [ref. 27092], Mirza 2003:24 [ref. 27265], Hamidan 2004:391 [ref. 37679], Nelson et al. 2004:153 [ref. 27807], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:209 [ref. 28183], Fricke et al. 2007:92 [ref. 29533], Scharpf 2009:8 [ref. 30400], Minckley & Marsh 2009:265 [ref. 31114], Marshall 2011:257 [ref. 31755], Kottelat 2013:374 [ref. 32989], Page et al. 2013:156 [ref. 32708], Barriga Salazar 2014:118 [ref. 35745], Jiménez-Prado et al. 2015:335 [ref. 34894], Çiçek et al. 2015:152 [ref. 35151], Zhang et al. 2016:213 [ref. 34477], Neumann et al. 2016:307 [ref. 35036], Esmaeili et al. 2017:88 [ref. 35254], Bruton et al. 2018:110 [ref. 36373], Esmaeili et al. 2018:71 [ref. 36089], Raz-Guzmán et al. 2018:345 [ref. 36407], Robins et al. 2018:385 [ref. 35886], Louizi et al. 2019:98 [ref. 38351], Çiçek et al. 2020:257 [ref. 37644], Dyldin et al. 2020:100 [ref. 37569], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:255 [ref. 37983], Rodríguez-Barrera et al. 2020:45 [ref. 37800], Angulo 2021:9 [ref. 38913], Fu et al. 2021:9573 [ref. 39347], Al-Faisal et al. 2022:1409 [ref. 39565], Çiçek et al. 2022:4 [ref. 38985], Gómez-Martínez et al. 2022:243 [ref. 39506], Angulo et al. 2023:53 [ref. 40676], Bagley et al. 2023:318 [ref. 41241], Chan et al. 2023:145 [ref. 40365], Çiçek et al. 2023:466 [ref. 40601], Çiçek et al. 2023:29 [ref. 40616], Çiçek et al. 2023:436 [ref. 40625], Esmaeili & Hamidan 2023:216 [ref. 40377], Jamandre 2023:163 [ref. 40455], Page et al. 2023:137 [ref. 40505], Saad et al. 2023:39 [ref. 40501], Siccha-Ramirez et al. 2023:175, Valenzuela et al. 2023:96 [ref. 40815], Çiçek et al. 2024:332 [ref. 40789], Endruweit 2024:54 [ref. 41040], Quintana 2024:6 [ref. 41186]). Current status: Valid as Oreochromis aureus (Steindachner 1864). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Distribution: Middle East and Africa. Introduced widely elsewhere, including many states in the U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

baringoensis, Oreochromis niloticus Trewavas [E.] 1983:177, Fig. 61 [ ref. 20940] Baringo Lake, Kenya. Holotype: BMNH 1933.2.23.12. Paratypes: BMNH 1933.2.23.13-22 (10). •Synonym of Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus 1758), but a valid subspecies baringoensis Trewavas 1983 as described -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:328 [ref. 20954], Seegers et al. 2003:44 [ref. 28087]). Current status: Synonym of Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus 1758). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

bassamkhalafi, Oreochromis mossambicus Khalaf [N. A. B. A. T.] 2009:2, Figs. [Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin v. 27 (no. 92); ref. 30575] Wadi Al Wurayah Pools, Emirate of Fujairah, United Arab Emirates. Holotype: OMBK-1 [Norman Ali Khalaf-von Jaffe's coll.]. Original description does not give a differential diagnosis, not available. •Apparently introduced; validity and possibility that this is based on a hybrid needs study (pers. comm. T.Litz, 11/17/09). Hybrid. Current status: Synonym of Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters 1852). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae.

browni, Tilapia Nichols [J. T.] 1923:1, Fig. 1 [American Museum Novitates No. 65; ref. 15414] Ramis River near Ganame, Harar Province, Ethiopia, East Africa. Holotype (unique): AMNH 8186. •Synonym of Oreochromis spilurus (Günther 1894) -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:341 [ref. 20954]). Current status: Synonym of Oreochromis spilurus (Günther 1894). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

calciati, Tilapia Gianferrari [L.] 1924:242, Fig. [Atti della Società Italiana di Scienze Naturali di Milano v. 63; ref. 15448] Setit [Tekeze] River, Eritrea, Ethiopia. Holotype (unique): MSNM 59 [ex MSNM 4312]. •Synonym of Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:331 [ref. 20954]). Current status: Synonym of Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus 1758). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

cancellata, Tilapia Nichols [J. T.] 1923:2, Fig. 2 [American Museum Novitates No. 65; ref. 15414] Albano River about 60 [not 6] kilometers west of Addagalla, Harar Province, Ethiopia, East Africa. Holotype: AMNH 8187. Paratypes: AMNH 8203 (2). •Synonym of Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus 1758), but a valid subspecies cancellatus (Nichols 1923) -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:328 [ref. 20954]). Current status: Synonym of Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus 1758). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

chapmanii, Chromys Castelnau [F. L.] 1861:15 [Mémoire sur les poissons de l'Afrique australe; ref. 767] Lake Ngami, Botswana, southern Africa. Holotype (unique): MNHN (not found). Type catalog: Bauchot et al. 1978:45 [ref. 20862]. Original genus should have been Chromis. •Synonym of Oreochromis macrochir (Boulenger 1912) -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:322 [ref. 20954]). Current status: Synonym of Oreochromis macrochir (Boulenger 1912). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Habitat: freshwater.

chilwae, Tilapia shirana Trewavas [E.] 1966:52 [Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines v. 74 (nos 1-2); ref. 9081] Lake Chilwa, southeast of Lake Malawi [Lake Nyasa], southeastern Africa. Holotype: BMNH 1966.7.19.1. Paratypes: BMNH 1966.7.19.2 (1), 1966.7.19.3-30 (28). •Synonym of Oreochromis shiranus Boulenger 1897, but a valid subspecies chilwae (Trewavas 1966) -- (Trewavas 1981:42 [ref. 39520], Trewavas & Teugels 1991:338 [ref. 20954]). Current status: Synonym of Oreochromis shiranus Boulenger 1897. Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

chungruruensis, Tilapia Ahl [E.] 1924:86 [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 59 (nos 3/4); ref. 15435] "Chungrurusee", Tanganyika Territory. Holotype: ZMB 21410. Paratypes: (?29) ZMB 32623-25 (2, 10, 5). Types mentioned: Paepke 1995:96 [ref. 21847]. •Valid as Oreochromis chungruruensis (Ahl 1924) -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:314 [ref. 20954], Ford et al. 2019:223 [ref. 36713]). Current status: Valid as Oreochromis chungruruensis (Ahl 1924). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Distribution: Tanzania: Lake Kyungululu. Habitat: freshwater.

cimballii, Labrodascyllus Di Caporiacco [L.] 1948:198, Fig. 1 [Bollettino di Pesca, Piscicoltura e Idrobiologia Yr. 23 [v. 2, N.S.]; ref. 721] Mauritius, Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean. Syntypes: MZUF 5571-72 (2). Type catalog: Vanni 1991:226 [ref. 20099]. •Probably a synonym of Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters 1852) -- (P. Parenti pers. comm. 4/20). Current status: Synonym of Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters 1852). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

danconai, Oreochromis Di Caporiacco [L.] 1948:197 [Bollettino di Pesca, Piscicoltura e Idrobiologia Yr. 23 [v. 2, N.S.]; ref. 721] Giuba [Juba], Ethiopia. Lectotype: MZUF 5636. Paralectotypes: MZUF 5599-5635 (7), 5637-5643 (37). Type catalog: Vanni 1991:225 [ref. 20099]. Originally as d'anconai. Lectotype selected by Vanni 1991:225 [ref. 20099]. •Synonym of Oreochromis spilurus (Günther 1894) -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:341 [ref. 20954]). Current status: Synonym of Oreochromis spilurus (Günther 1894). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

dumerilii, Chromis Steindachner [F.] 1864:225, Pl. 7 (fig. 1) [Verhandlungen der K.-K. zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien v. 14; ref. 13938] West Africa. Holotype (unique): NMW 32907. •Synonym of Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters 1852) -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:327 [ref. 20954]). Current status: Synonym of Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters 1852). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

eduardiana, Tilapia Boulenger [G. A.] 1912:138 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 8) v. 10 (no. 55); ref. 14832] Southeastern slope of Mt. Ruwenzori, Uganda, elevation 3200 feet. Syntypes: BMNH 1907.4.20.21-26 (6). •Synonym of Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus 1758), but a valid subspecies eduardianus (Boulenger 1912) -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:329 [ref. 20954], Poll & Gosse 1995:285 [ref. 24781]). Current status: Synonym of Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus 1758). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

esculenta, Tilapia Graham [M.] 1928:209, Pls. 9 (fig. 1), 10A, 11 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 10) v. 2 (no. 8); ref. 15849] Lake Victoria [Victoria Nyanza], Kenya. Holotype: BMNH 1928.5.24.99. Paratypes: (38) BMNH 1928.5.24.58-67 (10?), 1928.5.24.68-77 (10?), 1928.5.30.1-6 (6?), 1928.5.30.7-12 (6?); MCZ 32718 [ex BMNH 1928.5.24.58-77] (1). •Valid as Oreochromis esculentus (Graham 1928) -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:315 [ref. 20954], Seegers 1996:307 [ref. 23725], Seegers et al. 2003:44 [ref. 28087], Ford et al. 2019:223 [ref. 36713], Akoth et al. 2023:15 [ref. 40069]). Current status: Valid as Oreochromis esculentus (Graham 1928). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Distribution: East Africa: Lake Victoria basin and part of Nile [translocated in some parts of Africa]. Habitat: freshwater.

exul, Tilapia nilotica Steinitz [H.] 1951:514 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 12) v. 4 (no. 41) (art. 51); ref. 12922] Ein Feshkha, Dead Sea. Holotype: HUJ 1209. Paratypes: HUJ 1210-12 (3). •Synonym of Tilapia aurea (Steindachner 1864) -- (Goren 1974:102 [ref. 7502]). •Synonym of Oreochromis aureus (Steindachner 1864) -- (Krupp & Schneider 1989:396 [ref. 13651], Trewavas & Teugels 1991:312 [ref. 20954]). Current status: Synonym of Oreochromis aureus (Steindachner 1864). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

fasciatus, Haplochromis Borodin [N. A.] 1931:49 [Proceedings of the New England Zoölogical Club v. 12; ref. 16260] Lake Tanganyika at Ujiji, Kigoma, Tanzania. Syntypes: MCZ 32622 (2). Also described as new in Borodin 1936:18, Pl. 1 (fig. 6) [ref. 13684]. •Synonym of Oreochromis tanganicae (Günther 1894) -- (Trewavas 1946:241 [ref. 35931]). Current status: Synonym of Oreochromis tanganicae (Günther 1894). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Habitat: freshwater.

filoa, Oreochromis niloticus Trewavas [E.] 1983:167 [ ref. 20940] Hot springs of the Awash System, Ethiopia. Holotype: BMNH 1905.7.25.98. Paratypes: BMNH 1905.7.25.99 (1), 1968.11.11.1-5 (6). •Synonym of Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus 1758), but a valid subspecies filoa Trewavas 1983 as described -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:330 [ref. 20954]). Current status: Synonym of Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus 1758). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

flavomarginata, Tilapia Boulenger [G. A.] 1899:123, Pl. 46 [Annales du Musee du Congo (Ser. Zoologie) v. 1 (fasc. 5); ref. 589] Kalombo lagoon, Mayombé. Syntypes: (2) BMNH 1899.11.27.95 (1), MRAC 276 (1). Non-types: NMW 24679-83 (1, 1, 1, 1, 1). •Synonym of Oreochromis schwebischi (Sauvage 1884) -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:337 [ref. 20954]). Current status: Synonym of Oreochromis schwebischi (Sauvage 1884). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Habitat: freshwater.

girigan, Tilapia Lowe [R. H.] 1955:355, Pls. 14, 16B [Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Zoology v. 2 (no. 12); ref. 12281] Lake Jipe, East Africa. Holotype: BMNH 1952.2.26.3. Paratypes: BMNH 1952.2.26.4 (1). •Synonym of Oreochromis pangani (Lowe 1955), but a valid subspecies -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:335 [ref. 20954]). •Synonym of Oreochromis jipe (Lowe 1955) -- (Seegers et al. 2003:44 [ref. 28087]). Current status: Synonym of Oreochromis jipe (Lowe 1955). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Habitat: freshwater.

grahami, Tilapia Boulenger [G. A.] 1912:519 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 8) v. 9 (no. 53); ref. 14833] Lake Magadi, hot soda lake in bottom of Rift Valley, Kenya, elevation 1980 feet. Lectotype: BMNH 1911.1.26.6. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1911.1.26.7-10 (4). Lectotype selected by Seegers & Tichy 1999:135 [ref. 23790]. •Synonym of Oreochromis alcalicus (Hilgendorf 1905), but a valid subspecies -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:308 [ref. 20954]). •Valid as Alcolapia grahami (Boulenger 1912) -- (Seegers et al. 2003:43 [ref. 28087]). •Valid as Oreochromis grahami (Boulenger 1912) -- (Trewavas 1982:12 [ref. 39521], Seegers & Tichy 1999:134 [ref. 23790], Ford et al. 2019:223 [ref. 36713]). Current status: Valid as Oreochromis grahami (Boulenger 1912). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Distribution: East Africa: Lakes in Kenya and Tanzania. Habitat: freshwater.

guentheri, Chromis Steindachner [F.] 1864:228, Pl. 8 (figs. 3-4) [Verhandlungen der K.-K. zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien v. 14; ref. 13938] West Africa. Syntypes: (several) NMW 32598 (?). •Synonym of Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:331 [ref. 20954]). Current status: Synonym of Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus 1758). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

hornorum, Tilapia Trewavas [E.] 1966:409 [Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines v. 74 (nos 3-4); ref. 9082] Mukondokwa River, near Kilosa, Tanzania. Lectotype: NMW 24782. Paralectotypes: NMW 24783 (1). Replacement name for Tilapia adolfi Steindachner 1915, preoccupied by Tilapia adolfi Steindachner 1909. •Synonym of Oreochromis urolepis (Norman 1922), but a valid subspecies hornorum (Trewavas 1966) -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:344 [ref. 20954], Carpenter 2001:3336 [ref. 26131] as subspecies honorum, Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:210 [ref. 28183], Scharpf 2009:9 [ref. 30400]). Replacement Name. Current status: Synonym of Oreochromis urolepis (Norman 1922). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

hunteri, Oreochromis Günther [A.] 1889:70 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1889 (pt 1); ref. 2015] Lake Chala, Kilimanjaro District, Tanzania. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1889.3.22.12 (skin). •Valid as Tilapia hunteri (Günther 1889) -- (Poll & Gosse 1995:251 [ref. 24781]). •Valid as Oreochromis hunteri Günther 1889 -- (Trewavas 1982:12 [ref. 39521], Trewavas & Teugels 1991:316 [ref. 20954], Seegers et al. 2003:44 [ref. 28087]). Current status: Valid as Oreochromis hunteri Günther 1889. Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Distribution: East Africa: Lake Chala (Tanzania). Habitat: freshwater.

inducta, Tilapia Trewavas [E.] 1933:317, Fig. 2 [The Journal of the Linnean Society of London. Zoology v. 38 (no. 259); ref. 16530] Lake Bunyoni, eastern Africa. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1933.2.23.121. •Synonym of Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus 1758), subspecies eduardianus (Boulenger 1912) -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:329 [ref. 20954]). Current status: Synonym of Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus 1758). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

intermedia, Tilapia Gilchrist [J. D. F.] & Thompson [W. W.] 1917:482 [Annals of the South African Museum v. 11 (pt 6); ref. 15119] Sawmills, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe. Syntypes: SAM 10860 [now at AMG] (2). •Synonym of Oreochromis macrochir (Boulenger 1912) -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:322 [ref. 20954]). Current status: Synonym of Oreochromis macrochir (Boulenger 1912). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Habitat: freshwater.

ismailiaensis, Oreochromis Mekkawy [I. A. A.] 1995:5, Fig. 2 [Bulletin of the Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Egypt v. 24 (2-E); ref. 23990] Ismailia Channel, Ismailia, 30°30'N, 32°20'E, 120 kilometers northeast of Cairo, Egypt. Holotype: BMNH 1993.9.23.1. Paratypes: BMNH 1993.9.23.2-5 (4). •Valid as Oreochromis ismailiaensis Mekkawy 1995. Current status: Valid as Oreochromis ismailiaensis Mekkawy 1995. Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Distribution: Egypt. Habitat: freshwater.

jipe, Tilapia Lowe [R. H.] 1955:354, Pls. 13, 16A [Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Zoology v. 2 (no. 12); ref. 12281] Lake Jipe, East Africa. Holotype: BMNH 1952.2.26.2. Paratypes: BMNH 1952.2.26.1 (1). •Valid as Oreochromis jipe (Lowe 1955) -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:316 [ref. 20954], Seegers et al. 2003:44 [ref. 28087], Seegers 2008:154 [ref. 29830]). Current status: Valid as Oreochromis jipe (Lowe 1955). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Distribution: Eastern Africa: Pangani basin. Habitat: freshwater.

kafuensis, Tilapia Boulenger [G. A.] 1912:138 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 8) v. 10 (no. 55); ref. 14832] Kafue River, Zambia [northwestern Rhodesia]. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1908.11.6.47. •Synonym of Oreochromis andersonii (Castelnau 1861) -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:310 [ref. 20954]). Current status: Synonym of Oreochromis andersonii (Castelnau 1861). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Habitat: freshwater.

karomo, Tilapia Poll [M.] 1948:5, Figs. 1, 2, 4 [Bulletin du Musée Royal d'Histoire Naturelle de Belgique v. 24 (no. 26); ref. 13070] Delta exterieur de la Malagarazi, Democratic Republic of Congo, Lake Tanganyika. Holotype: MRAC 105777. Paratypes: (10) BMNH 1960.9.30.394 (1); IRSNB 273 (4); MRAC 105778-80 (3), 105781-88 (8). Type catalog: Walschaerts 1987:38 [ref. 20755], Derijst 1991:70 [ref. 21528]. •Valid as Oreochromis karomo (Poll 1948) -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:317 [ref. 20954], Poll & Gosse 1995:221 [ref. 24781], De Vos et al. 2001:132 [ref. 26059]). Current status: Valid as Oreochromis karomo (Poll 1948). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Distribution: Eastern Africa: Malagarasi River basin and Lake Tanganyika. Habitat: freshwater.

karongae, Tilapia Trewavas [E.] 1941:298, 302, Figured [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 11) v. 7 (no. 39); ref. 12736] Karonga, near the northern end of Lake Malawi [Lake Nyasa], Malawi, southeastern Africa. Holotype: BMNH 1935.6.14.40. Paratypes: (16) BMNH 1935.6.14.41 (1), 1935.6.14.33-37 (5) and .52-56 (5) and .72-75 (4). •Valid as Oreochromis karongae (Trewavas 1941) -- (Trewavas 1981:42 [ref. 39520], Trewavas & Teugels 1991:317 [ref. 20954], Poll & Gosse 1995:289 [ref. 24781], Snoeks & Hanssens 2004:288 [ref. 28117], Konings 2016:313 [ref. 34521], Ford et al. 2019:223 [ref. 36713]). Current status: Valid as Oreochromis karongae (Trewavas 1941). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Distribution: East Africa: Lake Malawi basin. Habitat: freshwater.

korogwe, Tilapia mossambica Lowe [R. H.] 1955:356, Pl. 16D [Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Zoology v. 2 (no. 12); ref. 12281] Ponds at the Tanganyika Gov't experimental fish farm at Korogwe, (probably from Pangani River), Tanzania. Holotype: BMNH 1952.2.26.37. Paratypes: BMNH 1952.2.26.5 (1, allotype), 1952.2.26.28-36 (9) and .38 (1). Published as Lowe, but mostly published as Lowe-McConnell. •Valid as Oreochromis korogwe (Lowe 1955) -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:318 [ref. 20954], Seegers et al. 2003:44 [ref. 28087]). Current status: Valid as Oreochromis korogwe (Lowe 1955). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Distribution: Zigi and Pangani basins, eastern Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

latilabris, Oreochromis (Alcolapia) Seegers [L.] & Tichy [H.] 1999:128, Figs. 20-24 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 10 (no. 2); ref. 23790] Olomotony, spring-fed creek, southern affluent of Southern Lagoon, north of Ol Donyo Lengai volcano, 3.7 kilometers northeast of Engare Sero River, Ndalanlani, 2°35'55"S, 35°54'42"E, Lake Natron, Tanzania. Plus non-type material. Holotype: ZMB 32888. Paratypes: BMNH 1998.4.6.84-93 (10), 1998.4.6.94-100 (7); MRAC 97-99-P-167-183 (17), P-184-188 (5), P-189-193 (5); RMNH 33474-76 (1, 7, 10); ZMB 32889-91 (22, 41, 3); ZMH 9026-27 (17, 10). •Valid as Oreochromis latilabris Seegers & Tichy 1999 -- (Ford et al. 2019:223 [ref. 36713]). Current status: Valid as Oreochromis latilabris Seegers & Tichy 1999. Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Distribution: Eastern Africa: Lake Natron. Habitat: freshwater.

lemassoni, Tilapia Blache [J.] & Miton [F.] 1960:217 [Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Série 2) v. 32 (no. 3); ref. 11892] Lake Chad basin. Syntypes: MNHN 1959-0222 (2) Mare de Mbélé, lower Logone; CEPFL 1190 (1), 1194 (1), 1200 (1), 749-56 (8), 758-69 (12), 773-76 (4). Type catalog: Blanc 1961:274 [ref. 20870], Blanc 1962:223 [ref. 20868]. •Synonym of Oreochromis aureus (Steindachner 1864) -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:312 [ref. 20954], Lévèque et al. 1991:145 [ref. 31367], Teugels & Thys van den Audenaerde in Lévêque et al. 1992:763 [ref. 21590]). Current status: Synonym of Oreochromis aureus (Steindachner 1864). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

lepidura, Tilapia Boulenger [G. A.] 1899:116 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1899 (pt 1); ref. 14695] Angola. Lectotype: BMNH 1873.7.28.8. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1887.1.13.5 (1) Lower Congo. Lectotype selected by Trewavas & Teugels 1991:318 [ref. 20954]; perhaps selected earlier. •Valid as Oreochromis lepidurus (Boulenger 1899) -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:318 [ref. 20954], Skelton 2019:236 [ref. 36564], Fermon et al. 2022:247 [ref. 39448] with question). Current status: Valid as Oreochromis lepidurus (Boulenger 1899). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Distribution: Central Africa. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

leucosticta, Tilapia Trewavas [E.] 1933:318, Fig. 3B [The Journal of the Linnean Society of London. Zoology v. 38 (no. 259); ref. 16530] Lake George, Kazingu Channel, and Lake Edward. Syntypes: BMNH 1933.2.23.122-124 (3); 5 additional specimens (juveniles). •Valid as Oreochromis leucostictus (Trewavas 1933) -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:318 [ref. 20954], Poll & Gosse 1995:284 [ref. 24781], Seegers et al. 2003:44 [ref. 28087], Ford et al. 2019:223 [ref. 36713], Akoth et al. 2023:15 [ref. 40069], Bigirimana et al. 2024:37 [ref. 41336]). Current status: Valid as Oreochromis leucostictus (Trewavas 1933). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Distribution: East Africa: Lakes Edward, George and Albert, and associated rivers and streams [translocated in some parts of Africa]. Habitat: freshwater.

lidole, Tilapia Trewavas [E.] 1941:297, 301, Fig. [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 11) v. 7 (no. 39); ref. 12736] Shire Bar, Lake Malawi [Lake Nyasa], southeastern Africa. Holotype: BMNH 1940.5.28.1. Paratypes: (8) BMNH 1935.6.14.38-39 (2) Karonga, 1935.6.14.80-81 (2) Barto, 1940.5.28.2-3 (2). •Valid as Oreochromis lidole (Trewavas 1941) -- (Trewavas 1981:42 [ref. 39520], Trewavas & Teugels 1991:320 [ref. 20954], Poll & Gosse 1995:289 [ref. 24781], Konings 2016:389 [ref. 34521]). Current status: Valid as Oreochromis lidole (Trewavas 1941). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Distribution: East Africa: Lake Malawi basin. Habitat: freshwater.

macrochir, Tilapia Boulenger [G. A.] 1912:139 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 8) v. 10 (no. 55); ref. 14832] Upper Zambezi River. Lectotype: BMNH 1908.11.6.35. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1908.11.6.36 (1), 1908.11.6.37-46 (10), 1907.11.30.15-17 (3), 1911.1.27.30-33 (4). Lectotype selected by Trewavas 1983 [ref. 20940]. •Valid as Oreochromis macrochir (Boulenger 1912), valid subspecies macrochir (Boulenger 1912) -- (Fermon et al. 2022:247 [ref. 39448]). •Valid as Oreochromis macrochir (Boulenger 1912) -- (Trewavas 1981:42 [ref. 39520], Trewavas 1982:12 [ref. 39521], Trewavas & Teugels 1991:320 [ref. 20954], Skelton 1993:331 [ref. 24071], Schwanck 1994:267 [ref. 22313], Fricke 1999:362 [ref. 24106], Fuller et al. 1999:438 [ref. 25838], Hay et al. 1999:42 [ref. 40428], Skelton 2001:331 [ref. 27406], Seegers et al. 2003:44 [ref. 28087], Mundy 2005:421 [ref. 28379], Fricke et al. 2009:76 [ref. 30213], Marshall 2011:252 [ref. 31755], Kramer et al. 2016:unnumbered p. [ref. 34331], Fricke et al. 2018:251 [ref. 35805], Bruton et al. 2018:90 [ref. 36373], Skelton 2019:236 [ref. 36564], Kisekelwa et al. 2020:[11] 710 [ref. 38315]). Current status: Valid as Oreochromis macrochir (Boulenger 1912). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Distribution: Central and southern Africa. Introduced in Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.), Gabon, Madagascar and Réunion. Habitat: freshwater.

malagarasi, Oreochromis (Nyasalapia) Trewavas [E.] 1983:426, Fig. 150 (top) [ ref. 20940] Malagarasi swamps at Katare, Tanzania, East Africa. Holotype: BMNH 1967.3.16.16. Paratypes: BMNH 1967.3.16.17 (1). Other material: BMNH 1966.7.14.113-117 (5), 1967.3.16.18-21 (4), 1971.6.23.89 (1). See Seegers 1996:317-318 [ref. 23725]. •Synonym of Oreochromis upembae (Thys van den Audenaerde 1964), but a valid subspecies -- (De Vos et al. 2001:132 [ref. 26059]). •Valid as Oreochromis malagarasi Trewavas 1983 -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:324 [ref. 20954], Poll & Gosse 1995:221 [ref. 24781], Kullander & Roberts 2012:364 [ref. 31751]). Current status: Valid as Oreochromis malagarasi Trewavas 1983. Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Distribution: Malagarasi River basin, Eastern Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

manyarae, Tilapia Hilgendorf [F. M.] 1905:406 [Zoologische Jahrbücher, Abteilung für Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere (Jena) v. 22 (no. 4); ref. 15364] Lake Manyara, a salt lake southwest of Mount Kilimanjaro, Tanzania. Syntypes: (3 + 11 + 3) BMNH 1905.7.25.24-28 (5), ZMB 16374-75 (3, 7). •Synonym of Oreochromis amphimelas (Hilgendorf 1905) -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:3909 [ref. 20954]). Current status: Synonym of Oreochromis amphimelas (Hilgendorf 1905). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

monodi, Tilapia Daget [J.] 1954:344, Fig. 132 [Mémoires de l'Institut français d'Afrique Noire No. 36; ref. 11989] Diafarabé, Sudan and other localities. Syntypes: (55) MNHN 1954-0006 (1), 1960-0490 (6). Type catalog: Blanc 1961:274 [ref. 20870], Blanc 1962:224 [ref. 20868] as holotype and paratypes. •Synonym of Oreochromis aureus (Steindachner 1864) -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:312 [ref. 20954], Lévèque et al. 1991:145 [ref. 31367], Teugels & Thys van den Audenaerde in Lévêque et al. 1992:763 [ref. 21590]). Current status: Synonym of Oreochromis aureus (Steindachner 1864). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

mortimeri, Tilapia Trewavas [E.] 1966:413 [Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines v. 74 (nos 3-4); ref. 9082] Chiwanda, Luangwa Valley, Zambia. Holotype: BMNH 1932.12.16.878. Paratypes: BMNH 1932.12.16.866-877 (12), 1932.12.16.879-888 (10). •Valid as Oreochromis mortimeri (Trewavas 1966) -- (Trewavas 1981:42 [ref. 39520], Trewavas & Teugels 1991:324 [ref. 20954], Skelton 1993:326 [ref. 24071], Skelton 2001:326 [ref. 27406], Marshall 2011:246 [ref. 31755]). Current status: Valid as Oreochromis mortimeri (Trewavas 1966). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Distribution: Southern Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

mossambicus, Chromis (Tilapia) Peters [W. (C. H.)] 1852:681 [Bericht über die zur Bekanntmachung geeigneten Verhandlungen der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1852; ref. 18539] Zambezi River, Mozambique [East Africa]. Syntypes: BMNH [ex Peters] 1861.5.2.58-59 (2), FMNH 54267 [ex CM 2898] (2) Mosambique; ZMB 2805-06 (2, 1), 16035 (3), 31564 (15). Type catalog: Ibarra & Stewart 1987:24 [ref. 12367]. •Valid as Tilapia mossambica (Peters 1852) -- (Lee et al. 1980:774 [ref. 22416], Uyeno & Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:190 [ref. 6441], Wang 1984:105 [ref. 22951], Yu & Zhou in Kuang et al. 1986:256 [ref. 26639], Ye in Pan et al. 1991:415 [ref. 23876]). •Valid as Sarotherodon mossambicus (Peters 1852) -- (Pethiyagoda 1991:236 [ref. 20075], Indra 1991:242 [ref. 24005]). •Valid as Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters 1852) -- (Trewavas 1981:42 [ref. 39520], Trewavas 1982:12 [ref. 39521], Ortega & Vari 1986:20 [ref. 9708], Heemstra 1986:670 [ref. 5660], Kawanabe & Mizuno 1989:534 [ref. 25598], Allen & Coates 1990:89 [ref. 25561], Page & Burr 1991:334 [ref. 18983], Trewavas & Teugels 1991:325 [ref. 20954], Talwar & Jhingran 1991:887 [ref. 20764], Allen et al. 1992:301 [ref. 21400], Indra 1993:189 [ref. 24009], Kottelat et al. 1993:123 [ref. 23448], Rema Devi 1993:359 [ref. 24007], Rema Devi & Ilango 1993:250 [ref. 24017], Skelton 1993:325 [ref. 24071], Indra 1994:423 [ref. 24015], Zhu 1995:171, 205 [ref. 25213], Arthington & Cadwallader in McDowall 1996:179 [ref. 22909], Arun et al. 1996:103 [ref. 24725], Rainboth 1996:192 [ref. 22772], Rema Devi et al. 1996:142 [ref. 24021], Coad 1996:86 [ref. 25304], Zacharias et al. 1996:41 [ref. 25526], Cheng & Zhou 1997:310 [ref. 26385], Martin-Smith & Tan 1998:592 [ref. 23647], Manimekalan 1998:441 [ref. 24989], Marquet et al. 1999:43 [ref. 23934], Fricke 1999:362 [ref. 24106], Hay et al. 1999:42 [ref. 40428], Rema Devi & Raghunathan 1999:158 [ref. 24759], Rema Devi & Raghunathan 1999:173 [ref. 24760], Rema Devi et al. 1999:163 [ref. 24758], Fuller et al. 1999:439 [ref. 25838], Bijukumar & Sushama 2000:186 [ref. 25703] as mossambica, Lim in Randall & Lim 2000:625 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:916 [ref. 25182], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:73 [ref. 25191], Matsuura et al. 2000:215 [ref. 26000], Rafique 2000:327 [ref. 25220], Raju Thomas et al. 2000:444 [ref. 25319] as mossambica, Allen et al. 2000:159 [ref. 27467] as mossambica, Arunachalam et al. 2001:129 [ref. 25692] as mossambica, Sakai et al. 2001:102 [ref. 25693], Carpenter 2001:3336 [ref. 26131], Hutchins 2001:37 [ref. 25847], Wang et al. 2001:240 [ref. 26566], Skelton 2001:325 [ref. 27406], Allen et al. 2002:370 [ref. 25930], Keith et al. 2002:118 [ref. 31473], Nakabo 2002:916 [ref. 26193], Raju Thomas et al. 2002:51 [ref. 26359] as mosambica, Moyle 2002:417 [ref. 26449], Lim et al. 2002:86 [ref. 28310], Carpenter 2003:1693 [ref. 27092], Mirza 2003:24 [ref. 27265], Yadav 2003:24 [ref. 27711] as mossambica, Seegers et al. 2003:44 [ref. 28087], Tan & Lim 2004:110 [ref. 27716], Nelson et al. 2004:153 [ref. 27807], Larson & Pidgeon 2004:197 [ref. 28107], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:209 [ref. 28183], Grinang & Lim 2004:292 [ref. 28551], Mundy 2005:421 [ref. 28379], Allen et al. 2006:1437 [ref. 29081], Shrestha 2008:220 [ref. 29923], Allen et al. 2008:196 [ref. 30265], Fricke et al. 2009:77 [ref. 30213], Scharpf 2009:9 [ref. 30400], Minckley & Marsh 2009:266 [ref. 31114], Matamoros et al. 2009:21 [ref. 31241], McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:193 [ref. 30957], Page & Burr 2011:612 [ref. 31215], Marshall 2011:244 [ref. 31755], Page et al. 2013:156 [ref. 32708], Gurung et al. 2013:4885 [ref. 32969] as mossambica, Kottelat 2013:374 [ref. 32989], Yoshida et al. 2013:171 [ref. 34464], Barriga Salazar 2014:118 [ref. 35745], Fricke et al. 2014:111 [ref. 33932], Morgan et al. 2014:43 [ref. 36567], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:59 [ref. 33341], Çiçek et al. 2015:152 [ref. 35151], Jiménez-Prado et al. 2015:337 [ref. 34894], Félix et al. 2016:D [4] [ref. 34346], Miesen et al. 2016:91 [ref. 34492], Zhang et al. 2016:213 [ref. 34477], Arunkumar & Manimekalan 2018:1739 [ref. 36172] as mossambica, Fricke et al. 2018:251 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:112 [ref. 36273], Raz-Guzmán et al. 2018:345 [ref. 36407], Robins et al. 2018:387 [ref. 35886], Suresh et al. 2018:276 [ref. 36495], Wilkinson & Tan 2018:602 [ref. 36226], Reiner 2019:234 [ref. 38139], Dyldin et al. 2020:100 [ref. 37569], Rodríguez-Barrera et al. 2020:45 [ref. 37800], Fu et al. 2021:9573 [ref. 39347] as mossambica, Rodrigues-Silva et al. 2021:151 [ref. 38097], Taki et al. 2021:368 [ref. 39830], Çiçek et al. 2022:4 [ref. 38985], Gómez-Martínez et al. 2022:243 [ref. 39506], Jamaluddin et al. 2022:[7] [ref. 39245], Kosygin et al. 2022:671 [ref. 40736], Angulo et al. 2023:53 [ref. 40676], Bagley et al. 2023:318 [ref. 41241], Chan et al. 2023:145 [ref. 40365], Çiçek et al. 2023:466 [ref. 40601], Esmaeili & Hamidan 2023:216 [ref. 40377], Jamandre 2023:164 [ref. 40455], Page et al. 2023:137 [ref. 40505], Siccha-Ramirez et al. 2023:176 [ref. 40816], Çiçek et al. 2024:333 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters 1852). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Distribution: Southeastern Africa. Introduced widely elsewhere. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

mweruensis, Oreochromis macrochir Trewavas [E.] 1983:438, Fig. 158 [ ref. 20940] Mobanga, Mweru, Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype: BMNH 1967.8.23.1 [ex MRAC 85070]. •Synonym of Oreochromis macrochir (Boulneger 1912), but a valid subspecies as described -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:323 [ref. 20954]). •Valid as Oreochromis mweruensis Trewavas 1983 -- (Schwanck 1994:267 [ref. 22313], Marshall 2011:252 [ref. 31755] as moeruensis, Abwe et al. 2023:32 [ref. 39992]). Current status: Valid as Oreochromis mweruensis Trewavas 1983. Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Distribution: Southern-central Africa: upper Congo River system (Democratic Republic fo Congo). Habitat: freshwater.

natalensis, Chromis Weber [M.] 1897:147 [Zoologische Jahrbücher, Abteilung für Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere (Jena) v. 10; ref. 14640] Illovo River, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Holotype: ZMA 101440 [?NMW 32599]. Paratypes: ZMA 101441 (5), ?NMW 32599 (1). Type catalog: Matthes 1964:181 [ref. 19237], Nijssen et al. 1982:87 [ref. 19236]. •Synonym of Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters 1852) -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:327 [ref. 20954]). Current status: Synonym of Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters 1852). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

ndalalani, Oreochromis (Alcolapia) Seegers [L.] & Tichy [H.] 1999:121, Figs. 16-18 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 10 (no. 2); ref. 23790] Olomotony, spring-fed creek, southern affluent of southern Lagoon, north of Ol Donyo Lengai volcano, 3.7 kilometers northeast of Engare Sero River, Ndalanlani, 2°35'55"S, 35°54'42"E, Lake Natron, Tanzania. Holotype: ZMB 32883. Paratypes: BMNH 1998.4.6.70-83 (14); MRAC 97-99-P-140-149 (10), P-150-166 (17); RMNH 33471 (9); ZMB 32884-86 (10, 14, 58); ZMH 9024-25 (6, 10). •Valid as Oreochromis ndalalani Seegers & Tichy 1999 -- (Ford et al. 2019:223 [ref. 36713]). Current status: Valid as Oreochromis ndalalani Seegers & Tichy 1999. Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Distribution: Eastern Africa: Lake Natron. Habitat: freshwater.

niger, Oreochromis Günther [A.] 1894:89, Pl. 9 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1894 (pt 1) (art. 4) (for 16 Jan. 1894); ref. 14553] Pools on Kibwezi River, Kenya. Syntypes: BMNH 1893.12.2.1-2 (2). •Valid as Tilapia nigra (Günther 1894) -- (Poll & Gosse 1995:251 [ref. 24781]). •Synonym of Oreochromis spilurus (Günther 1894), but a valid subspecies -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:339 [ref. 20954], Seegers et al. 2003:45 [ref. 28087]). Current status: Synonym of Oreochromis spilurus (Günther 1894). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

nilotica, Perca Linnaeus [C.] 1758:290 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Nile River. Holotype: ?NRM LP 10. Type catalog: Fernholm & Wheeler 1983:254 [ref. 20707]. •Valid as Chromis niloticus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Herrera 1896:59 [ref. 39336]). •Valid as Tilapia nilotica (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Uyeno & Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:190 [ref. 6441], Ye in Pan et al. 1991:416 [ref. 23876], Boschung 1992:150 [ref. 23239], Gamboa Pérez 1992:321 [ref. 38704]). •Valid as Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus 1758), valid subspecies niloticus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Fermon et al. 2022:247 [ref. 39448]). •Valid as Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Trewavas 1982:12 [ref. 39521], Ortega & Vari 1986:20 [ref. 9708], Kawanabe & Mizuno 1989:538 [ref. 25598], Paugy & Bénech 1989:304 [ref. 26478], Coad 1991:21 [ref. 15702], Trewavas & Teugels 1991:330 [ref. 20954], Lévèque et al. 1991:145 [ref. 31367], Teugels & Thys van den Audenaerde in Lévêque et al. 1992:760 [ref. 21590], Kottelat et al. 1993:123 [ref. 23448], Skelton 1993:330 [ref. 24071], Poll & Gosse 1995:284 [ref. 24781], Coad 1995:28 [ref. 23608], Mekkawy 1995:1 [ref. 23990], Zhu 1995:172, 206 [ref. 25213], Rainboth 1996:192 [ref. 22772], Coad 1996:86 [ref. 25304], Lee & Kim 1996:25 [ref. 25726], Cheng & Zhou 1997:309 [ref. 26385], Keith et al. 1999:102 [ref. 24548], Rema Devi & Raghunathan 1999:173 [ref. 24760], Albertson et al. 1999:5108 [ref. 25258], Fuller et al. 1999:441 [ref. 25838], Dankwa et al. 1999:48 [ref. 28023], Nakabo 2000:916 [ref. 25182], Rafique 2000:327 [ref. 25220], Carpenter 2001:3336 [ref. 26131], Kottelat 2001:152 [ref. 25780], Sakai et al. 2001:102 [ref. 25693], Wang et al. 2001:241 [ref. 26566], Skelton 2001:330 [ref. 27406], De Vos et al. 2001:130, 132 [ref. 26059], Kim & Park 2002:342 [ref. 25913], Moyle 2002:422 [ref. 26449], Nakabo 2002:916 [ref. 26193], Roe et al. 2002:903 [ref. 26504], Choi et al. 2003:362, 630 [ref. 26218], Carpenter 2003:1693 [ref. 27092], Rafique et al. 2003:98 [ref. 27173], Mirza 2003:24 [ref. 27265], López et al. 2003:78 [ref. 27366], Hanel 2003:65 [ref. 27894], Nelson et al. 2004:153 [ref. 27807], Seegers et al. 2003:44 [ref. 28087], Menni 2004:88 [ref. 28131], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:209 [ref. 28183], Fricke et al. 2007:92 [ref. 29533], Shrestha 2008:220 [ref. 29923], Fricke et al. 2009:77 [ref. 30213], Scharpf 2009:9 [ref. 30400], Minckley & Marsh 2009:267 [ref. 31114], Matamoros et al. 2009:21 [ref. 31241], Coad 2010:267 [ref. 36620], Page & Burr 2011:613 [ref. 31215], Marshall 2011:256 [ref. 31755], Angulo et al. 2013:1005 [ref. 33194], Kottelat 2013:374 [ref. 32989], McMahan et al. 2013:452 [ref. 32422], Page et al. 2013:156 [ref. 32708], Yoshida et al. 2013:172 [ref. 34464], Barriga Salazar 2014:118 [ref. 35745], Catelani et al. 2014:932 [ref. 37496], Koerber 2014:14 [ref. 33621], Litz & Koerber 2014:35 [ref. 33622], Ramos et al. 2014:5 [ref. 35321], Sarmiento et al. 2014:189 [ref. 35004], Barbieri et al. 2015:104 [ref. 35029], Çiçek et al. 2015:152 [ref. 35151], Jiménez-Prado et al. 2015:339 [ref. 34894], Mirande & Koerber 2015:59 [ref. 35117], Bertaco et al. 2016:435 [ref. 34561], Koeda et al. 2016:64 [ref. 35333], Melo et al. 2016:377 [ref. 35317], Miesen et al. 2016:91 [ref. 34492], Neumann et al. 2016:307 [ref. 35036], Nión et al. 2016:50 [ref. 35565] as niloticus niloticus, Schelly & Stiassny in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2710 [ref. 34618], Zhang et al. 2016:213 [ref. 34477], Costa et al. 2017:45 [ref. 35684], Labatos 2017:4 [ref. 36239] as niloticus niloticus, Bruton et al. 2018:110 [ref. 36373], Fricke et al. 2018:251 [ref. 35805], Robins et al. 2018:389 [ref. 35886], Romero-Berny et al. 2018:92 [ref. 35859], Ćaleta et al. 2019:184 [ref. 37026], González-Murcia et al. 2019:294 [ref. 36544], Lorenzoni et al. 2019:252 [ref. 37108], Louizi et al. 2019:98 [ref. 38351], Ng et al. 2019:536 [ref. 36606], Skelton 2019:229 [ref. 36564], Angulo et al. 2020:6 [ref. 37425], Azevedo-Santos et al. 2020:6 [ref. 39606], Çiçek et al. 2020:257 [ref. 37644], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:255 [ref. 37983], Kisekelwa et al. 2020:[11] 710 [ref. 38315], López-Segovia et al. 2020:111 [ref. 38151], Reis et al. 2020:473 [ref. 38364], Rodríguez-Barrera et al. 2020:45 [ref. 37800], Silva et al. 2020:15 [ref. 37809], Angulo 2021:11 [ref. 38913], Bandjolu et al. 2021:4 [ref. 38801], Fu et al. 2021:9573 [ref. 39347], Munene et al. 2021:25 [ref. 39283], Taki et al. 2021:368 [ref. 39830], Al-Faisal et al. 2022:1409 [ref. 39565], Brandão et al. 2022:209 [ref. 40464], Çiçek et al. 2022:4 [ref. 38985], Esmaeili et al. 2022:489 [ref. 39253], Gómez-Martínez et al. 2022:243 [ref. 39506], Jamaluddin et al. 2022:[7] [ref. 39245], Koerber et al. 2022:69 [ref. 39235], Mamilov et al. 2022:102 [85] [ref. 40404], Meza-Vargas et al. 2022:4 [ref. 39566], Walsh et al. 2022:[6] [ref. 39281], Akoth et al. 2023:15 [ref. 40069], Angulo et al. 2023:54 [ref. 40676], Bagley et al. 2023:318 [ref. 41241], Bertaco & Azevedo 2023:3 [ref. 39997], Bertaco et al. 2023:8 [ref. 40740], Carvalho-Filho 2023:197 [ref. 40480], Chan et al. 2023:146 [ref. 40365], Çiçek et al. 2023:467 [ref. 40601], Çiçek et al. 2023:29 [ref. 40616], Çiçek et al. 2023:436 [ref. 40625], Esmaeili & Hamidan 2023:217 [ref. 40377], Giora & Wingert 2023:152 [ref. 41026], Jamandre 2023:164 [ref. 40455], Page et al. 2023:137 [ref. 40505], Saad et al. 2023:39 [ref. 40501], Shumka et al. 2023:38 [ref. 40747], Vieira et al. 2023:18 [ref. 40759], Apaza et al. 2024:373 [ref. 41296], Bigirimana et al. 2024:37 [ref. 41336], Çiçek et al. 2024:333 [ref. 40789], Escobar Camacho et al. 2024:8 [ref. 40892] as Oreochormis niloticus, Gupta et al. 2024:101 [ref. 41453], Vieira-Guimarães et al. 2024:58 [ref. 41258]). Current status: Valid as Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus 1758). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Distribution: North and northeast Africa. Widely introduced elsewhere. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

nyirica, Tilapia Lönnberg [E.] 1911:41 [Kongliga Vetenskaps-Academiens Handlingar, Stockholm v. 47 (no. 6); ref. 14793] Guaso Nyiri below Chanler Falls, Kenya. Syntypes: BMNH 1911.11.20.3-4 (2), NRM 19239 (10). •Synonym of Oreochromis spilurus (Günther 1894) -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:341 [ref. 20954]). •Synonym of Oreochromis spilurus (Günther 1894), subspecies spilurus -- (Seegers et al. 2003:45 [ref. 28087]). Current status: Synonym of Oreochromis spilurus (Günther 1894). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

pangani, Tilapia Lowe [R. H.] 1955:356, Pls. 15, 16C [Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Zoology v. 2 (no. 12); ref. 12281] Pangani River near Korogwe, Tanzania. Holotype: BMNH 1952.2.26.39. Paratypes: BMNH 1952.2.26.40 (1). •Valid as Oreochromis pangani (Lowe 1955) -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:334 [ref. 20954]). •Synonym of Oreochromis jipe (Lowe 1955) -- (Seegers et al. 2003:44 [ref. 28087], Seegers 2008:154 [ref. 29830]). Current status: Synonym of Oreochromis jipe (Lowe 1955). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Habitat: freshwater.

percivali, Tilapia Boulenger [G. A.] 1912:676, Pl. 79 (fig. 3) [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1912 (pt 3) (art. 37); ref. 14834] Hot springs near Chandler Falls, northern Eusso Nyiro [Ewaso Ng'iro] River, Kenya, elevation 2500 feet. Syntypes: BMNH 1912.3.22.139-147 (8 + skeleton). •Synonym of Oreochromis spilurus (Günther 1894), but a valid subspecies -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:340 [ref. 20954], Seegers et al. 2003:45 [ref. 28087]). Current status: Synonym of Oreochromis spilurus (Günther 1894). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

placida, Tilapia Trewavas [E.] 1941:306 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 11) v. 7 (no. 39); ref. 12736] Idunda River, lower Buzi River, south of the Zambezi River, Portuguese East Africa. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1907.7.2.19. •Valid as Oreochromis placidus (Trewavas 1941), valid subspecies placidus (Trewavas 1941) -- (Trewavas 1981:42 [ref. 39520]). •Valid as Oreochromis placidus (Trewavas 1941) -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:335 [ref. 20954], Skelton 1993:328 [ref. 24071], Skelton 2001:328 [ref. 27406], Marshall 2011:251 [ref. 31755], Ford et al. 2019:223 [ref. 36713]). Current status: Valid as Oreochromis placidus (Trewavas 1941). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Distribution: Southeastern Africa: Ruvuma River basin. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

regani, Tilapia Poll [M.] 1932:32, Pls. 1 (fig. 2), 2 (fig. 2) [Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines v. 23 (no. 1); ref. 16519] Kissenyi, Lake Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype: MRAC 20811. Paratypes: MRAC 20812-13 (2), 20995-97 (3), 21053-55 (3). Type catalog: Derijst 1991:70 [ref. 21528]. •Synonym of Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus 1758), subspecies eduardianus (Boulenger 1912) -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:329 [ref. 20954], Poll & Gosse 1995:285 [ref. 24781] with question). Current status: Synonym of Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus 1758). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

rukwaensis, Tilapia nilotica Hilgendorf [F. M.] & Pappenheim [P.] 1903:262 [Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin 1903 (no. 6); ref. 15031] Lake Rukwa, southwestern Tanzania. Lectotype: ZMB 16300. Paralectotypes: ZMB 16301-04 (16, 31 or 34, 11, 2), 32419 [ex ZMB 16300] (9). Lectotype selected by Seegers 1996:312 [ref. 23725]. •Valid as Oreochromis rukwaensis (Hilgendorf & Pappenheim 1903) -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:336 [ref. 20954], Seegers 1996:312 [ref. 23725]). Current status: Valid as Oreochromis rukwaensis (Hilgendorf & Pappenheim 1903). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Distribution: Eastern Africa: Lake Rukwa and upper Great Ruaha, Tanzania. Habitat: freshwater.

ruvumae, Tilapia Trewavas [E.] 1966:57 [Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines v. 74 (nos 1-2); ref. 9081] Upper Ruvuma, southeastern Africa. Holotype: BMNH 1966.8.22.1. Paratypes: BMNH 1966.8.22.2 (1). Additional material: BMNH and NMW. •Synonym of Oreochromis placidus (Trewavas 1941), but a valid subspecies ruvumae (Trewavas 1966) -- (Trewavas 1981:42 [ref. 39520], Trewavas & Teugels 1991:335 [ref. 20954], Ford et al. 2019:223 [ref. 36713]). Current status: Synonym of Oreochromis placidus (Trewavas 1941). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

saka, Tilapia Lowe [R. H.] 1953:3, Figs. 1-7, 9-13 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London v. 122 (no. 4); ref. 21870] Lake Malawi [Lake Nyasa], southeastern Africa. Syntypes: BMNH 1952.2.20.2-3 (2) Mobolera. •Valid as Oreochromis saka (Lowe 1953) -- (Trewavas 1981:42 [ref. 39520], Trewavas & Teugels 1991:336 [ref. 20954], Poll & Gosse 1995:289 [ref. 24781], Snoeks & Hanssens 2004:288 [ref. 28117]). Current status: Valid as Oreochromis saka (Lowe 1953). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Distribution: East Africa: Lake Malawi. Habitat: freshwater.

salinicola, Tilapia Poll [M.] 1948:13, Figs. 4-5 [Bulletin du Musée Royal d'Histoire Naturelle de Belgique v. 24 (no. 21); ref. 13069] Salines de Mwashia, Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype: IRSNB 81. Paratypes: (270) IRSNB 82-85 (136, 125, 9, 9); MRAC 78091-100 (10). Type catalog: Walschaerts 1987:38 [ref. 20755], Derijst 1991:70 [ref. 21528]. •Valid as Oreochromis salinicola (Poll 1948) -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:337 [ref. 20954], Abwe et al. 2023:32 [ref. 39992]). Current status: Valid as Oreochromis salinicola (Poll 1948). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Distribution: Southern-central Africa: upper Congo River system (Democratic Republic of Congo). Habitat: freshwater.

schwebischi, Hemichromis Sauvage [H.-E.] 1884:198, Pl. 5 (fig. 2) [Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France v. 9 (no. 3/4); ref. 14402] Franceville, upper Ogooué River, Gabon. Holotype: MNHN 1884-0292. Type catalog: Blanc 1962:213 [ref. 20868]. •Valid as Oreochromis schwebischi (Sauvage 1884) -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:337 [ref. 20954], Stiassny et al. 2007:381 [ref. 30045], Skelton 2019:228, 236 [ref. 36564], Fermon et al. 2022:247 [ref. 39448], Walsh et al. 2022:[6] [ref. 39281]). Current status: Valid as Oreochromis schwebischi (Sauvage 1884). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Distribution: Western-central Africa: Gabon south to Democratic Republic of Congo. Habitat: freshwater.

sheshekensis, Tilapia Gilchrist [J. D. F.] & Thompson [W. W.] 1917:489 [Annals of the South African Museum v. 11 (pt 6); ref. 15119] Shesheke, Zimbabwe [s. Rhodesia], southern Africa. Holotype (unique): SAM 14834 [now at AMG]. •Synonym of Oreochromis macrochir (Boulenger 1912) -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:322 [ref. 20954]). Current status: Synonym of Oreochromis macrochir (Boulenger 1912). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Habitat: freshwater.

shiranus, Oreochromis Boulenger [G. A.] 1897:916, Fig. 2 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1896 (pt 4) (art. 2); ref. 538] Upper Shiré River, British Central Africa. Syntypes: (5) BMNH 1896.10.5.1 (1), 1896.10.5.12-16 (5). •Valid as Oreochromis shiranus Boulenger 1897, valid subspecies shiranus -- (Trewavas 1981:42 [ref. 39520]). •Valid as Oreochromis shiranus Boulenger 1897 -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:338 [ref. 20954], Skelton 1993:329 [ref. 24071], Poll & Gosse 1995:289 [ref. 24781], Skelton 2001:329 [ref. 27406], Snoeks & Hanssens 2004:288 [ref. 28117] dated 1896, Konings 2016:312 [ref. 34521], Ford et al. 2019:223 [ref. 36713]). Current status: Valid as Oreochromis shiranus Boulenger 1897. Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Distribution: East Africa: Lake Malawi and associated rivers. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

sparmanni, Chromys Castelnau [F. L.] 1861:12 [Mémoire sur les poissons de l'Afrique australe; ref. 767] Lake Ngami, Botswana, southern Africa. Holotype (unique): MNHN (not found). Type catalog: Bauchot et al. 1978:47 [ref. 20862]. Original genus should have been Chromis. •Synonym of Oreochromis macrochir (Boulenger 1912) -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:322 [ref. 20954]). Current status: Synonym of Oreochromis macrochir (Boulenger 1912). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Habitat: freshwater.

spilurus, Chromis Günther [A.] 1894:89, Pl. 10 (fig. A) [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1894 (pt 1) (art. 4) (for 16 Jan. 1894); ref. 14553] Mwangaden River in northern Giriami, eastern Africa. Syntypes: (11) BMNH 1893.12.2.3-12. •Valid as Oreochromis spilurus (Günther 1894) -- (Trewavas 1982:12 [ref. 39521], Trewavas & Teugels 1991:341 [ref. 20954], Coad 1996:86 [ref. 25304], Seegers et al. 2003:44 [ref. 28087] with subspecies, Kottelat 2013:374 [ref. 32989], Fricke et al. 2018:251 [ref. 35805], Kisekelwa et al. 2020:[11] 710 [ref. 38315], Jamandre 2023:164 [ref. 40455]). Current status: Valid as Oreochromis spilurus (Günther 1894). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Distribution: East Africa: Kenya and Somalia. Introduced elsewhere. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

squamipinnis, Chromis Günther [A.] 1864:311 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1864 (pt 2); ref. 1979] Lake Malawi [Lake Nyasa], southeastern Africa. Syntypes: BMNH 1863.12.21.2-3 (2, skins), 1864.1.9.57 and 58 (2, skins), 1864.1.9.69 (1, skin), 1864.2.10.6 (1, skin), 1864.6.28.19 (6, skins). •Valid as Oreochromis squamipinnis (Günther 1864) -- (Trewavas 1981:42 [ref. 39520], Trewavas 1982:12 [ref. 39521], Trewavas & Teugels 1991:341 [ref. 20954], Poll & Gosse 1995:289 [ref. 24781], Snoeks & Hanssens 2004:288 [ref. 28117], Konings 2016:389 [ref. 34521], Ford et al. 2019:223 [ref. 36713]). Current status: Valid as Oreochromis squamipinnis (Günther 1864). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Distribution: East Africa: Lake Malawi basin. Habitat: freshwater.

sugutae, Oreochromis niloticus Trewavas [E.] 1983:179 [ ref. 20940] Soda Springs at Karpeddo, Suguta system, Kenya. Holotype: BMNH 1967.6.14.1. Paratypes: BMNH 1967.6.14.2 (1, allotype), 1967.6.14.3-13 (11), BMNH (13). •Synonym of Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus 1758), but a valid subspecies sugutae Trewavas 1983 as described -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:333 [ref. 20954], Seegers et al. 2003:44 [ref. 28087]). Current status: Synonym of Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus 1758). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

tana, Oreochromis niloticus Seyoum [S.] & Kornfield [I.] 1992:2163 [Canadian Journal of Zoology v. 70; ref. 21188] Lake Tana, Ethiopia. Holotype: BMNH 1968.9.11.9. Additional material: (4). •Synonym of Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus 1758), but a valid subspecies tana Seyoum & Kornfield 1992 as described. Current status: Synonym of Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus 1758). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

tanganicae, Chromis Günther [A.] 1894:630, Fig. 2 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1893 (pt 4) (art. 2) (for 7 Nov. 1893); ref. 14529] Ujiji, Lake Tanganyika. Syntypes: (3) BMNH 1889.1.30.7-8 (2). •Valid as Oreochromis tanganicae (Günther 1894) -- (Trewavas 1982:12 [ref. 39521], Trewavas & Teugels 1991:342 [ref. 20954], Poll & Gosse 1995:221 [ref. 24781], De Vos et al. 2001:130, 132 [ref. 26059] dated 1893, Kullander & Roberts 2012:362 [ref. 31751], Konings 2015:234 [ref. 34660], Konings 2019:248 [ref. 36983]). Current status: Valid as Oreochromis tanganicae (Günther 1894). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Distribution: East Africa: Lake Tanganyika. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

trewavasae, Tilapia Poll [M.] 1939:37, Figs. 15, 17 [Poissons. Exploration du Parc National Albert. Fasc. 24; ref. 17216] Rutshuru River at May-Ya-Moto, Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype: MRAC 64789. Paratypes: MRAC 64790 (1), 64791-93 (3), 64794 (1). Type catalog: Derijst 1991:70 [ref. 21528]. •Synonym of Oreochromis leucostictus (Trewavas 1933) -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:319 [ref. 20954]). Current status: Synonym of Oreochromis leucostictus (Trewavas 1933). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Habitat: freshwater.

triacantha, Chromis Bowdich [S. L.] 1825:235, Fig. 52 [Fishes of Madeira; ref. 590] Gambia River. No types known. •Synonym of Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Parenti 2019:7 [ref. 36934]). Current status: Synonym of Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus 1758). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Habitat: marine.

upembae, Tilapia nilotica Thys van den Audenaerde [D. F. E.] 1964:92, Pl. 7 (bottom fig.) [Annales, Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Série in 8o, Sciences Zoologiques No. 124; ref. 3666] Nyonga, Upemba, Congo. Holotype: MRAC 21002. Paratypes: IRSNB 463 [ex IRSNB 6447] (2), 702 (1); MRAC 21003 (1), 69847 (1), 72714-22 (9), 79-1-P-5129 (1), 79-1-P-5130 (1). Type catalog: Walschaerts 1987:38 [ref. 20755]. •Valid as Oreochromis upembae (Thys van den Audenaerde 1964) -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:343 [ref. 20954], De Vos et al. 2001:132 [ref. 26059] with subspecies, Kullander & Roberts 2012:364, 369 [ref. 31751], Bigirimana et al. 2024:37 [ref. 41336]). Current status: Valid as Oreochromis upembae (Thys van den Audenaerde 1964). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Distribution: Central Africa: Lualaba River drainage, upper and middle Congo River basin, and Malagarazi River basin (Burundi, Democratic Republic of Congo). Habitat: freshwater.

urolepis, Tilapia Norman [J. R.] 1922:688 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 9) v. 9 (no. 54); ref. 15358] Mpanganye, Rufiga River, Tanganyika Territory [Tanzania]. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1922.4.18.21. •Valid as Tilapia urolepis Norman 1922 -- (authors). •Valid as Oreochromis urolepis (Norman 1922) -- (Ortega & Vari 1986:20 [ref. 9708], Page & Burr 1991:334 [ref. 18983], Trewavas & Teugels 1991:343 [ref. 20954], Coad 1996:86 [ref. 25304], Fuller et al. 1999:442 [ref. 25838], Carpenter 2001:3336 [ref. 26131] as subspecies urolepis, Nelson et al. 2004:153 [ref. 27807], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:210 [ref. 28183], Scharpf 2009:9 [ref. 30400], Page & Burr 2011:613 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:156 [ref. 32708], Ford et al. 2019:223 [ref. 36713], Jamandre 2023:164 [ref. 40455], Page et al. 2023:137 [ref. 40505], Siccha-Ramirez et al. 2023:177). Current status: Valid as Oreochromis urolepis (Norman 1922). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Distribution: East Africa: coastal rivers (Tanzania). Widely introduced elsewhere. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

variabilis, Tilapia Boulenger [G. A.] 1906:447 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 17 (no. 101) (art. 49); ref. 574] Near Entebbe, Uganda, Lake Victoria [Victoria Nyanza]. Lectotype: BMNH 1906.5.30.456. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1906.5.30.429 (1), 1906.5.30.431 (1), 1906.5.30.432-441 (10), 1906.5.30.458-459 (2), .460 (1), .462 (1); USNM 86646 (1). •Synonym of Oreochromis urolepis (Norman 1922), but a valid subspecies -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:344 [ref. 20954]). •Valid as Nyasalapia variabilis (Boulenger 1906) -- (Poll & Gosse 1995:284 [ref. 24781]). •Valid as Oreochromis variabilis (Boulenger 1906) -- (Trewavas 1982:12 [ref. 39521], Seegers et al. 2003:45 [ref. 28087], Seegers 2008:161 [ref. 29830], Akoth et al. 2023:15 [ref. 40069]). Current status: Valid as Oreochromis variabilis (Boulenger 1906). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Distribution: East Africa: Lake Victoria and associated rivers. Habitat: freshwater.

vorax, Chromis Pfeffer [G. J.] 1893:151 [23], Pl. 2 (figs. 9-11) [Jahrbuch der Hamburgischen Wissenschaftlichen Anstalten v. 10; ref. 3461] Mozambique. Holotype (unique): ZMH H399. Type catalog: Wilkens & Dohse 1993:406 [ref. 21161] with a holotype. On p. 23 of separate. Type catalog and unneeded lectotype designation: Ladiges et al. 1958:164 [ref. 19181]. •Synonym of Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters 1852) -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:327 [ref. 20954]). Current status: Synonym of Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters 1852). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

vulcani, Tilapia Trewavas [E.] 1933:315, Fig. 1 [The Journal of the Linnean Society of London. Zoology v. 38 (no. 259); ref. 16530] Crater Lake A of Central Island, Lake Rudolf [Lake Turkana], Kenya. Syntypes: (7) BMNH 1933.2.23.71-76 (7?). Additional material: BMNH 1933.2.23.78-85 (8, young). Tilapia crassispina Arambourg 1948, based on fossils, is also referred to the subspecies vulcani by Trewavas & Teugels 1991:334 [ref. 20954]. •Synonym of Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus 1758), but a valid subspecies vulcani Trewavas 1933 -- (Trewavas & Teugels 1991:334 [ref. 20954], Seegers et al. 2003:44 [ref. 28087], Çiçek et al. 2024:333 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus 1758). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae.