Please look in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes for authorships of sections, Families of Fishes (all), and related information.

Species in the genus Percina: [ 73 ] records

anceps, Plesioperca Vaillant [L. L.] 1873:37, Pl. 1 (fig. 3) [Nouvelles Archives du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris v. 9 (pt 1, Mémoire); ref. 4492] North America (no specific locality). Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000- 2778 [ex Agassiz no. 851]. Type catalog: Collette & Knapp 1967:59 [ref. 20211], Bauchot & Desoutter 1987:82 [ref. 12478]. •Synonym of Percina nigrofasciata (Agassiz 1854) -- (Page 1983:33 [ref. 22189]). Current status: Synonym of Percina nigrofasciata (Agassiz 1854). Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Habitat: freshwater.

antesella, Percina (Imostoma) Williams [J. D.] & Etnier [D. A.] 1977:7, Fig. 1 [Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington v. 90 (no. 1); ref. 17765] Conasauga River at Tennessee highway 75, 12.9 miles southeast of Cleveland, Bradley County, Tennessee, U.S.A. Holotype: TU 94031. Paratypes: TU 58938 (7), 58968 (3), 59427 (7), 65937 (7), 69143 (8), 78368 (1); UAIC 4456.01 (1), 4729.01 (11); UMMZ 194317 (2); USNM 210666-69 (1, 3, 2, 1); UT 91.471 (10), 91.799-800 (2, 1), 91.1100 (1). Addtional material: UMMZ 156697 (1). Type catalog: Bart & Taylor 1993:61-62 [ref. 20906]. •Valid as Percina antesella Williams & Etnier 1977 -- (Lee et al. 1980:715 [ref. 22416], Kuehne & Barbour 1983:49 [ref. 38055], Page 1983:48 [ref. 22189], Page & Burr 1991:283 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:122 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:565 [ref. 22809], Mettee et al. 1996:691 [ref. 25836], Nelson et al. 2004:136 [ref. 27807], Williams et al. 2007:11 [ref. 29253], Scharpf 2008:35 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:524 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:140 [ref. 32708], Bagley et al. 2023:321 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:203 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina antesella Williams & Etnier 1977. Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: North America: Tennessee, Alabama and Georgia (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

apina, Percina Near [T. J.] & Simmons [J. W.] in Near, Simmons, Mollish, Correa, Benavides, Harrington & Keck 2017:294, Figs. 2-3 [Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History v. 58 (no. 2); ref. 35622] Big Swan Creek, upstream of US Highway 412 crossing, Lewis County, Tennessee, U.S.A., latitude: 35.562698, longitude: -87.397534. Holotype: YPM ICH 032004, YFTC 028205. Paratypes: ANSP, AUM, INHS, TU, UT, YPM. Plus non-type material. •Valid as Percina apina Near & Simmons 2017 -- (Simmons 2021:28 [ref. 40397], Page et al. 2023:203 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina apina Near & Simmons 2017. Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: North America: Duck River system and Whiteoak Creek, Western Highland Rim (Tennessee, U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

apristis, Hadropterus scierus Hubbs [C. L.] & Hubbs [Clark L.] in Clark L. Hubbs 1954:211 [American Midland Naturalist v. 52 (no. 1); ref. 12648] Rio San Marcos, 0.5 mile southeast of Prairie Lea, Caldwell County, Texas, U.S.A. Holotype: UMMZ 162377. Paratypes: FMNH 46194 [not 46195] (13); OAM 4707 (8); CAS-SU 17311 (3); TAMC 1F-13-g-4 (1), 1F-13-g-10 (16); TNHC 90 (15), 162 (1), 314 (1), 333 (disintegrated), 501 (1); USNM 160628 (6 or 11), 160629 (11 or 12); UMMZ 162374 (9), 162378 (40). Type catalog: Collette & Knapp 1967:46-47 [ref. 20211], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:43 [ref. 12367]. •Synonym of Percina sciera (Swain 1883), but a valid subspecies as described -- (Lee et al. 1980:740 [ref. 22416], Page 1983:31 [ref. 22189]). •Valid as Percina apristis (Hubbs & Hubbs 1954) -- (Robins & Page 2007:51 [ref. 29318], Scharpf 2008:36 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:519 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:140 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:203 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina apristis (Hubbs & Hubbs 1954). Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: Southern North A>merica: Guadalupe River system, Texas (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

aspro, Alvordius Cope [E. D.] & Jordan [D. S.] in Jordan 1877:51 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 29 (pt 1); ref. 2372] Mahoning River, Ohio, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): not found. Non-types: BMNH 1880.1.21.84 (1), USNM 20137 (1). First author is A. D. Cope. Based on Pl. 6 (fig. 1) in Kirtland 1841, not Etheostoma blennioides Rafinesque; type specimen on which figure was based not found; single specimens in USNM 20137 and BMNH 1880.1.21.84 from White River, Indiana are not types but were collected and identified by Jordan (Collette & Knapp 1967:10 [ref. 20211]). •Synonym of Percina maculata (Girard 1859) -- (Page 1983:37 [ref. 22189]). Current status: Synonym of Percina maculata (Girard 1859). Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Habitat: freshwater.

aurantiacus, Cottogaster Cope [E. D.] 1868:211, Pl. [24] 28 (fig. 6) [Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia. Second series. v. 6 (pt 3) (art. 5); ref. 909] North Fork of Holston River, Virginia, U.S.A. Lectotype: ANSP 13789. Paralectotypes: ANSP 13790 (1). Type catalog: Collette & Knapp 1967:21 [ref. 20211], Böhlke 1984:137 [ref. 13621]. Lectotype selected by Collette & Knapp 1967:21 [ref. 20211]. •Valid as Percina aurantiaca (Cope 1868) -- (Lee et al. 1980:716 [ref. 22416], Kuehne & Barbour 1983:47 [ref. 38055], Page 1983:43 [ref. 22189], Page & Burr 1991:284 [ref. 18983], Etnier & Starnes 1993:566 [ref. 22809], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:810 [ref. 21581], Nelson et al. 2004:136 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2008:36 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:525 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:140 [ref. 32708], Stephens et al. 2014:545 [ref. 33552], Page et al. 2023:203 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina aurantiaca (Cope 1868). Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: North America: Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee and Georgia (southeastern U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

aurolineata, Percina Suttkus [R. D.] & Ramsey [J. S.] 1967:129, Figs. 1-2 [Tulane Studies in Zoology v. 13 (no. 4); ref. 18862] Coosawattee River, 4.2 miles southwest of center of Ellijay, Gilmer County, Georgia, U.S.A. Holotype: TU 39573. Paratypes: TU 41049 (3), 38320 (5), 38507 (15), 40714 (4), 41053 (6); CUMV 50388 (3); TU 38320 (5), 40714 (4), 41053 (6); USNM 199733 (3), 199817 (6). Additional material: TU (6 lots, 12); UAIC 1611 (1). Type catalog: Suttkus 1970:127 [ref. 20861], Bart & Taylor 1993:63 [ref. 20906]. •Valid as Percina aurolineata Suttkus & Ramsey 1967 -- (Lee et al. 1980:717 [ref. 22416], Kuehne & Barbour 1983:27 [ref. 38055], Page 1983:32 [ref. 22189], Page & Burr 1991:281 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:123 [ref. 23239], Mettee et al. 1996:693 [ref. 25836], Nelson et al. 2004:136 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:577 [ref. 27995], Williams et al. 2007:11 [ref. 29253], Scharpf 2008:36 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:520 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:140 [ref. 32708], Near et al. 2021:34 [ref. 38235], Bagley et al. 2023:321 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:203 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina aurolineata Suttkus & Ramsey 1967. Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: North America: Georgia and Alabama (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

aurora, Percina Suttkus [R. D.] & Thompson [B. A.] in Suttkus, Thompson & Bart 1994:15, Figs. 2, 5, 7-8 [Occasional Papers Tulane University Museum of Natural History No. 4; ref. 21916] Strong River, tributary to Pearl River at rapids, 0.2 miles upstream from Miss. highway 28 bridge, Simpson County, Mississippi U.S.A. Holotype: TU 101392. Paratypes: ANSP 171101 (2); CUMV 73971 (2); INHS 32133 (1); MCZ 102026 (1); NLU 11986 (2), 13280 (2), 13567 (1), 14937 (1), 15531 (12), 15933 (2), 19229 (2), 19532 (1); OSUM 77215 (1); TU (many lots); UAIC 10883.01 (2); UF 95412 (2); UMMZ 224805 (3); USNM 327768 (2). Plus additional material. Type catalog: Sabaj et al. 1997:277-278 [ref. 23225]. •Valid as Percina aurora Suttkus & Thompson 1994 -- (Ross et al. 2001:498 [ref. 25978], Nelson et al. 2004:136 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2008:36 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:522 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:141 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:203 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina aurora Suttkus & Thompson 1994. Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: North America: Mississippi and Louisiana (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

austroperca, Percina Thompson [B. A.] 1995:3, Fig. 1 [Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, Louisiana State University No. 69; ref. 21626] Holmes Creek, tributary to Choctawhatchee River, near New Hope chruch, Washington County, Florida, U.S.A. Holotype: UF 47334. Paratypes: Geol. Surv. Alabama (32, 13 lots); INHS 86973 (1); NLU 23431 (2); TU (30, 7 lots); UAIC (7, 4 lots); UF (64, 18 lots); UMMZ 88704 (1), 163556 (4); USNM (4); UT (4, 2 lots). Type catalog: Sabaj et al. 1997:278 [ref. 23225]. •Valid as Percina austroperca Thompson 1995 -- (Thompson 1997:2 [ref. 23154], Mettee et al. 1996:695 [ref. 25836], Ross et al. 2001:516 [ref. 25978], Nelson et al. 2004:136 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:578 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2008:36 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:531 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:141 [ref. 32708], Near et al. 2017:303 [ref. 35622], Robins et al. 2018:334 [ref. 35886], Bagley et al. 2023:321 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:203 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina austroperca Thompson 1995. Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: Eastern North America: Alabama and Florida (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

bimaculata, Percina Haldeman [S. S.] 1844:157 [Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History v. 1 (1841-1844); ref. 18240] Columbia, Lancaster County, Susquehanna River, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. Holotype: USNM 1405 (lost). Type catalog: Collette & Knapp 1967:57 [ref. 20211]. •Synonym of Percina caprodes (Rafinesque 1818) -- (Page 1983:50 [ref. 22189]). •Valid as Percina bimaculata Haldeman 1844 -- (Near 2008:7 [ref. 29672], Scharpf 2008:36 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:530 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:141 [ref. 32708], Near et al. 2017:303 [ref. 35622], Page et al. 2023:203 [ref. 40505], Fischer et al. 2024:4 [ref. 41511]). Current status: Valid as Percina bimaculata Haldeman 1844. Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: Eastern North America: Susquehanna and Potomac river basins, Pennsylvania and Maryland, Virginia and DC (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

brevicauda, Percina Suttkus [R. D.] & Bart [H. L., Jr.] in Suttkus, Thompson & Bart 1994:20, Figs. 3, 6-8 [Occasional Papers Tulane University Museum of Natural History No. 4; ref. 21916] Cahaba River, tributary to Alabama River at Alabama highway 52, 3.2 miles west of Helena, Shelby County, Alabama, U.S.A. Holotype: TU 101393. Paratypes: ANSP 171100 (4); AUM 2570 (13), 17060 (2), 17541 (6), 18461 (5), 21192-93 (31, 17); CUMV 73970 (5); GSA 4537.14 (6); 4544.13 (4), 5152.17 (2), 5197.14 (1), 5277.18 (1); INHS 32132 (4); KU 23215 (4); MCZ 102025 (4); OSUM 77214 (4); TU (many lots); UAIC [6366 (3)], 10882.01 (4); UF 95411 (4); UMMZ 224803 (5), 224084 (5); UT 91.4440 (5); USNM 327767 (4). Plus additional material. Type catalog: Sabaj et al. 1997:279 [ref. 23225]. •Valid as Percina brevicauda Suttkus & Bart 1994 -- (Mettee et al. 1996:697 [ref. 25836], Ross et al. 2001:500 [ref. 25978], Nelson et al. 2004:136 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:579 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2008:36 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:522 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:141 [ref. 32708], Bagley et al. 2023:321 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:203 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina brevicauda Suttkus & Bart 1994. Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: North America: Alabama (U.S.A.) endemic. IUCN (2013): Endangered. Habitat: freshwater.

brucethompsoni, Percina Robison [H. W.], Cashner [R. C.] & Near [T. J.] in Robinson, Cashner, Raley & Near 2014:241, Fig. 1 [Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History v. 55 (2); ref. 33526] Ouachita River, Arkansas Highway 298, approximately 1.6 km south of Sims, Montgomery County, Arkansas, USA, 34.646572°N, 93.69023°W. Holotype: TU 200807. Paratypes: INHS, NCSM, TU, UAIC, YPM. •Valid as Percina brucethompsoni Robison, Cashner & Near 2014 -- (Robison & McAllister 2015:80 [ref. 40436], Page et al. 2023:203 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina brucethompsoni Robison, Cashner & Near 2014. Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: North America: Ouachita River basin, Arkansas (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

burtoni, Percina caprodes Fowler [H. W.] 1945:134, Figs. 218-219 [Monographs of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia No. 7; ref. 1453] Swannanoa River near Oteen, Buncombe County, North Carolina, U.S.A. Holotype: ANSP 70701. Paratypes: ANSP 13707 (1). Type catalog: Collette & Knapp 1967:57 [ref. 20211], Böhlke 1984:137 [ref. 13621]. •Valid as Percina burtoni Fowler 1945 -- (Lee et al. 1980:718 [ref. 22416], Kuehne & Barbour 1983:54 [ref. 38055], Page 1983:49 [ref. 22189], Thompson 1985:13 [ref. 17281], Burkhead & Jenkins 1991:391 [ref. 21804], Page & Burr 1991:286 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:123 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:568 [ref. 22809], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:781 [ref. 21581], Thompson 1997:2 [ref. 23154], Mettee et al. 1996:699 [ref. 25836], Nelson et al. 2004:136 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:580 [ref. 27995], George et al. 2006:585 [ref. 28195], Scharpf 2008:37 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:528 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:141 [ref. 32708], Near et al. 2017:302 [ref. 35622], Simmons 2021:4 [ref. 40397], Bagley et al. 2023:321 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:203 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina burtoni Fowler 1945. Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: North America: eastern-central U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater.

caprodes, Sciaena Rafinesque [C. S.] 1818:354 [American Monthly Magazine and Critical Review v. 3 (no. 5) (art. 3) (Sept.); ref. 3586] Ohio River, U.S.A. No types known. Type information and figure of type from Rafinesque notebook: Collette & Knapp 1967:71, Fig. 5 on p. 72 [ref. 20211]. •Valid as Percina caprodes (Rafinesque 1818) -- (Herrera 1896:50 [ref. 39336], Lee et al. 1980:719 [ref. 22416], Page 1983:50 [ref. 22189], Smith 1986:339 [ref. 22186], Thompson 1985:13 [ref. 17281], Thompson 1997:2 [ref. 23154], Robison & Buchanan 1988:446 [ref. 23393], McAllister 1990:144 [ref. 14674], Page & Burr 1991:286 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:123 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:569 [ref. 22809], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:788 [ref. 21581], Warren et al. 1994:133 [ref. 25557], Knight & Hastings 1994:150 [ref. 25560], Stauffer et al. 1995:320 [ref. 23376], Cross & Collins 1995:236 [ref. 23394], Turner et al. 1996:2023 [ref. 25532], Chereshnev 1996:606 [ref. 24659] as caproides, Mettee et al. 1996:701 [ref. 25836], Sigler & Sigler 1996:283 [ref. 25943], Thompson 1997:10 [ref. 23154], Scott & Crossman 1998:797 [ref. 24570], Fuller et al. 1999:387 [ref. 25838], Lyons et al. 2000:45 [ref. 26594], Grant et al. 2001:685 [ref. 25323], Ross et al. 2001:500 [ref. 25978], Roe et al. 2002:903 [ref. 26504], Buchanan & Stevenson 2003:454 [ref. 27167], Perry & Joyce 2003:57 [ref. 27193], Nelson et al. 2004:136 [ref. 27807], Miller & Robison 2004:380 [ref. 27931], Boschung & Mayden 2004:581 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2008:37 [ref. 30399] with subspecies, Page & Burr 2011:528 [ref. 31215] with 4 described subspecies, Page et al. 2013:141 [ref. 32708], Stephens et al. 2014:545 [ref. 33552], Near et al. 2017:303 [ref. 35622], Bagley et al. 2023:321 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:203 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina caprodes (Rafinesque 1818). Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: Eastern North America: widespread in eastern Canada and U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater.

carbonaria, Pileoma Baird [S. F.] & Girard [C. F.] 1853:387 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 6; ref. 15636] Rio Salado, 4 miles from San Antonio, Texas, U.S.A. Lectotype: USNM 740. Paralectotypes: MCZ 24599 [ex USNM 740] (2); UMMZ 86594 [ex USNM 740] (1), 197999 [ex USNM 740] (2). Type catalog: Collette & Knapp 1967:59 [ref. 20211]. Lectotype selected by Collette & Knapp 1967:59 [ref. 20211]. •Valid as Percina carbonaria (Baird & Girard 1853) -- (Page 1983:49 [ref. 22189], Thompson 1985:14 [ref. 17281], Page & Burr 1991:287 [ref. 18983], Thompson 1997:10 [ref. 23154], Nelson et al. 2004:136 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2008:37 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:532 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:141 [ref. 32708], Near et al. 2017:303 [ref. 35622], Page et al. 2023:203 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina carbonaria (Baird & Girard 1853). Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: North America: Texas (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

cheneyi, Cottogaster Evermann [B. W.] & Kendall [W. C.] 1898:129, Pl. 8 (fig. 8) [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 17 (art. 5) (for 1897); ref. 1281] Racket River [now Raquette River] near Norfolk, St. Lawrence County, New York, U.S.A. Holotype: USNM 48781. Paratypes: CAS-SU 9048 [not 5774 as published] (4); USNM 48782 (4), 126978 [ex USFC 527] (4). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:73 [ref. 12291], Collette & Knapp 1967:21 [ref. 20211]. •Synonym of Percina copelandi (Jordan 1877) -- (Page 1983:44 [ref. 22189], Smith 1986:341 [ref. 22186], Suttkus et al. 1994:6 [ref. 21916]). Current status: Synonym of Percina copelandi (Jordan 1877). Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Habitat: freshwater.

copelandi, Rheocrypta Jordan [D. S.] 1877:9 [Bulletin of the United States National Museum [v. 1] No. 10; ref. 2374] White River, 5 miles north of Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S.A. Lectotype: USNM 20143. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1880.1.21.36-37 (2); MCZ 24392 (1); MNHN A-5200 (7); NMW 78568 (2), USNM 23461 (1), 197996 [ex USNM 20143] (1). Type catalog: Collette & Knapp 1967:71 [ref. 20211], Bauchot & Desoutter 1987:82 [ref. 12478]. Lectotype selected by Collette & Knapp 1967:71 [ref. 20211]. •Valid as Percina copelandi (Jordan 1877) -- (Lee et al. 1980:721 [ref. 22416], Kuehne & Barbour 1983:48 [ref. 38055], Page 1983:44 [ref. 22189], Smith 1986:340 [ref. 22186], Suttkus 1985:225 [ref. 22487], Robison & Buchanan 1988:448 [ref. 23393], McAllister 1990:144 [ref. 14674], Burkhead & Jenkins 1991:393 [ref. 21804], Page & Burr 1991:282 [ref. 18983], Etnier & Starnes 1993:571 [ref. 22809], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:812 [ref. 21581], Suttkus et al. 1994:6 [ref. 21916], Stauffer et al. 1995:322 [ref. 23376], Cross & Collins 1995:237 [ref. 23394], Scott & Crossman 1998:801 [ref. 24570], Ross et al. 2001:500 [ref. 25978], Bailey et al. 2004:202 [ref. 27882], Nelson et al. 2004:136 [ref. 27807], Miller & Robison 2004:382 [ref. 27931], Scharpf 2008:37 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:520 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:141 [ref. 32708], Stephens et al. 2014:545 [ref. 33552], Page et al. 2023:203 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina copelandi (Jordan 1877). Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: North America: Canada and east-central U.S.A. (scattered localities). Habitat: freshwater.

crassus, Alvordius Jordan [D. S.] & Brayton [A. W.] 1878:12 [Bulletin of the United States National Museum No. 12; ref. 2436] Saluda River near Greenville, South Carolina, U.S.A. Lectotype: USNM 23459. Paralectotypes: USNM 31111 (3). Type catalog: Collette & Knapp 1967:10 [ref. 20211]. Lectotype selected in Collette & Knapp 1967:10 [ref. 20211]. •Valid as Percina crassa (Jordan & Brayton 1878) -- (Lee et al. 1980:722 [ref. 22416], Page 1983:40 [ref. 22189], Page & Burr 1991:280 [ref. 18983], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:802 [ref. 21581], Nelson et al. 2004:136 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2008:37 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:518 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:141 [ref. 32708], Kuehne & Barbour 1983:35 [ref. 38055], Page et al. 2023:203 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina crassa (Jordan & Brayton 1878). Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: North America: Virginia, North Carolina and South Carolina (eastern U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

crypta, Percina Freeman [M. C.], Freeman [B. J.] & Burkhead [N. M.] in Freeman, Freeman, Burkhead & Straight 2008:28, Figs. 2A, 2B [Zootaxa No. 1963; ref. 29946] Chattahoochee River at GA Hwy 17/75 at Nacoochee, White County, Georgia, U.S.A. Holotype: GMNH 21606. Paratypes: many at AUM, GMNH, TU, UAIC, UF, USNM. Plus extensive non-type material. •Valid as Percina crypta Freeman, Freeman & Burkhead 2008 -- (Scharpf 2009:20 [ref. 30400], Page & Burr 2011:520 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:141 [ref. 32708], Hayes & Piller 2018:477 [ref. 37358], Bagley et al. 2023:322 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:203 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina crypta Freeman, Freeman & Burkhead 2008. Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: North America: Chattahoochee and Flint Rivers, Apalachicola River drainage, Alabama and Georgia (eastern U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

cymatotaenia, Etheostoma (Hadropterus) Gilbert [C. H.] & Meek [S. E.] in Gilbert 1887:51 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 10 (no. 607); ref. 17814] Niangua River near Marshfield, Missouri, U.S.A. Lectotype: USNM 36215. Paralectotypes: CAS-SU 2603 (4), 3949 (some of 9); USNM 36260 [not 38260] (2), 36308 (5), 198090 [ex USNM 36215]. Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:73 [ref. 12291], Collette & Knapp 1967:26 [ref. 20211]. Lectotype selected by Collette & Knapp 1967:26 [ref. 20211]. •Valid as Percina cymatotaenia (Gilbert & Meek 1887) -- (Lee et al. 1980:723 [ref. 22416], Kuehne & Barbour 1983:45 [ref. 38055], Page 1983:43 [ref. 22189], Page & Burr 1991:276 [ref. 18983], Burr & Page 1993:16 [ref. 21302], Nelson et al. 2004:136 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2008:37 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:512 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:141 [ref. 32708], Stephens et al. 2014:545 [ref. 33552], Page et al. 2023:203 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina cymatotaenia (Gilbert & Meek 1887). Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: North America: Missouri (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

evermanni, Hadropterus Moenkhaus [W. J.] 1903:19 [Bulletin Indiana University v. 1; ref. 17799] Lake Tippecanoe, Indiana, U.S.A. Holotype: IU 9785 (not found). Paratypes: IU 9786 (1, not found); CAS-SU (1, not found); USNM 50834 (1), 126919 (1). Type catalog: Collette & Knapp 1967:43 [ref. 20211]. Published in 3 places, see under ref. 17799; earliest not researched; author's name also spelled Moekhaus by authors. •Hybrid between Percina caprodes semifasciatus (DeKay) x Percina maculatus (Girard). Hybrid. Percidae: Etheostomatinae.

evides, Alvordius Jordan [D. S.] & Copeland [H. E.] in Jordan 1877:51 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 29 (pt 1); ref. 2372] White River near Indianapolis, Marion County, Indiana, U.S.A. Lectotype: USNM 17872. Paralectotypes: ?MCZ 24399 (2). Non-types: USNM 20119, MCZ 35957, BMNH 1880.1.21[or 20].12-14 (3). Type catalog: Collette & Knapp 1967:11 [ref. 20211]. Appeared first without distinguishing features as Etheostoma evides Nelson (ex Jordan) 1876:36 [ref. 3154]. Lectotype selected by Collette & Knapp 1967:11 [ref. 20211]. •Valid as Percina evides (Jordan & Copeland 1877) -- (Lee et al. 1980:724 [ref. 22416], Kuehne & Barbour 1983:43 [ref. 38055], Smith 1986:341 [ref. 22186], Robison & Buchanan 1988:449 [ref. 23393], Page & Burr 1991:284 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:123 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:572 [ref. 22809], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:806 [ref. 21581], Stauffer et al. 1995:323 [ref. 23376], Mettee et al. 1996:703 [ref. 25836], Lyons et al. 2000:46 [ref. 26594], Ross et al. 2001:502 [ref. 25978], Nelson et al. 2004:137 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:583 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2008:37 [ref. 30399] with subspecies and remarks, Page & Burr 2011:525 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:141 [ref. 32708], Bagley et al. 2023:322 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:203 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina evides (Jordan & Copeland 1877). Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: North America: central U.S.A., scattered localities. Habitat: freshwater.

fasciolaris, Catostomus Rafinesque [C. S.] 1820:304 [302 on page] [Western Review and Miscellaneous Magazine: a monthly publ., devoted to literature and science, Lexington, KY v. 2 (no. 5); ref. 5006] Lower part of Ohio River, U.S.A. No types known. Described as belonging to subgenus Teretulus, but listed as above. Also in Rafinesque 1820:58 [ref. 3592]. •Not a sucker, synonym of Percina caprodes (Rafinesque 1818), subspecies caprodes -- (Gilbert 1998:182 [ref. 23395]). •Based on a Audubon drawing; mythical; see Markle 1997:446 [ref. 23370]. Current status: Synonym of Percina caprodes (Rafinesque 1818). Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Habitat: freshwater.

freemanorum, Percina Near [T. J.] & Dinkins [G. R.] in Near, MacGuigan, Boring, Simmons, Albanese, Keck et al. 2021:23, Figs. 2A-B [Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History v. 62 (no. 1); ref. 38235] Amicalola Creek, 0.25 km downstream of Steve Tate Road on Dawson Forest Wildlife Management Area, about 5.9 km east of the Dawson-Pickens County line, Dawson County, Georgia, U.S.A., 34.49827, -84.26679. Holotype: YPM ICH 034382. Paratypes: GMNH, UAIC, UF, UT, YPM. Plus additional non-type material. •Valid as Percina freemanorum Near & Dinkins 2021 -- (Page et al. 2023:203 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina freemanorum Near & Dinkins 2021. Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: Eastern North America: upper Etowah River drainage, Dawson, Lumpkin and Pickens Counties, Georgia (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

fulvitaenia, Percina caprodes Morris [M. A.] & Page [L. M.] 1981:96, Figs. 1, 2B [Copeia 1981 (no. 1); ref. 8993] Big Piney River, 5 kilometers west of Houston, Texas County, Missouri, U.S.A. Holotype: INHS 75633. Paratypes: INHS 75631 (2), 79415 (2); KU 2963 (8), 8262 (18); TU 110587 (2); UMMZ 142314 (1); USNM 219366 (3); UT 91.1716 (3). Type catalog: Bart & Taylor 1993:63 [ref. 20906], Sabaj et al. 1997:281 [ref. 23225]. •Synonym of Percina caprodes (Rafinesque 1818), but a valid subspecies as described -- (Page 1983:50 [ref. 22189], Thompson 1985:14 [ref. 17281], Robison & Buchanan 1988:447 [ref. 23393], Cross & Collins 1995:236 [ref. 23394], Page & Burr 2011:529 [ref. 31215]). •Valid as Percina fulvitaenia Morris & Page 1981 -- (Thompson 1997:10 [ref. 23154], Nelson et al. 2004:137 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2008:38 [ref. 30399], Near et al. 2017:303 [ref. 35622]). Current status: Valid as Percina fulvitaenia Morris & Page 1981. Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: South-central U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater.

gilberti, Ulocentra Evermann [B. W.] & Thoburn [W. W.] in Jordan & Evermann 1896:1049 [Bulletin of the United States National Museum No. 47; ref. 2443] Clinch River at Walker's Ford, near Tazewell, Tennessee, U.S.A. Holotype: USNM 47531. Paratypes: CAS-SU 1954 (2), USNM 125373 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:74 [ref. 12291], Collette & Knapp 1967:71-72 [ref. 20211]. •Synonym of Percina copelandi (Jordan 1877) -- (Page 1983:44 [ref. 22189], Suttkus et al. 1994:6 [ref. 21916]). Current status: Synonym of Percina copelandi (Jordan 1877). Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Habitat: freshwater.

guentheri, Etheostoma Eigenmann [C. H.] & Eigenmann [R. S.] 1892:962 [American Naturalist v. 26 (no. 311); ref. 12339] Red River of the North at Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. Lectotype: BMNH 1892.12.30.151. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1892.12.30.152-153 (2), UMMZ 187522 [ex IU 1449] (2), USNM 45567 (1). Type catalog: Collette & Knapp 1967:28 [ref. 20211]. Original as güntheri. Lectotype selected by Collette & Knapp 1967:28 [ref. 20211]. •Synonym of Percina shumardi (Girard 1859) -- (Page 1983:45 [ref. 22189], Scott & Crossman 1998:806 [ref. 24570]). Current status: Synonym of Percina shumardi (Girard 1859). Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Habitat: freshwater.

gymnocephala, Percina Beckham [E. C.] 1980:1, Fig. 1 [Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, Louisiana State University No. 57; ref. 5464] South Fork of New River at crossing of county road 1181, Ashe County, North Carolina, U.S.A. Holotype: TU 106911. Paratypes: INHS 27291 (2); TU 70059 (3), 70102 (12), 71144 (3), 105084 (2), 105124 (1), 105137 (3), 106912 (2); UAIC 4421.01 (4); UMMZ 203834 (4); USNM 194774 (2); UT 91.1860 (4). Plus additional material. Type catalog: Bart & Taylor 1993:63-64 [ref. 20906], Sabaj et al. 1997:281 [ref. 23225]. •Valid as Percina gymnocephala Beckham 1980 -- (Kuehne & Barbour 1983:36 [ref. 38055], Page 1983:39 [ref. 22189], Page & Burr 1991:279 [ref. 18983], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:798 [ref. 21581], Stauffer et al. 1995:324 [ref. 23376], Nelson et al. 2004:137 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2008:38 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:517 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:141 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:203 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina gymnocephala Beckham 1980. Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: North America: West Virginia, Virginia and North Carolina (eastern U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

jenkinsi, Percina (Percina) Thompson [B. A.] 1985:4, Fig. 1a [Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, Louisiana State University No. 61; ref. 17281] Conasauga River at Tennessee highway 74 bridge, Bradley County, Tennessee, U.S.A. Holotype: TU 106075. Paratypes: CUMV 69366 (2); INHS 74582 (1); TU 69140 (6), 78369 (2), 80506-08 (1, 6, 8); UAIC 3901 (2); UG 1394 F (1); UMMZ 213400 [ex UT 91.1646] (2); USNM 268480 [ex UT 91.1646] (2); UT 91.380 (1), 91.688 (1), 91.691 (1), 91.1176 (2), 91.1545 (1), 91.1646 (5, now 1), 91.2621 (2), 91.2702 (2). Type catalog: Bart & Taylor 1993:64 [ref. 20906], Sabaj et al. 1997:281 [ref. 23225]. •Valid as Percina jenkinsi Thompson 1985 -- (Page & Burr 1991:287 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:123 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:574 [ref. 22809], Mettee et al. 1996:705 [ref. 25836], Thompson 1997:2 [ref. 23154], Nelson et al. 2004:137 [ref. 27807], Williams et al. 2007:11 [ref. 29253], Scharpf 2008:38 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:530 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:141 [ref. 32708], Near et al. 2017:303 [ref. 35622], Bagley et al. 2023:322 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:203 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina jenkinsi Thompson 1985. Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: North America: Tennessee, Alabama and Georgia (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

kathae, Percina Thompson [B. A.] 1997:4, Fig. 1 [Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural Science Louisiana State University No. 73; ref. 23154] Cahaba River, 4 kilometers west of Helena, County highway 52, Shelby County, Alabama, Mobile River system. Holotype: TU 121416. Paratypes: (25 paratopotypes, 190 other paratypes) at AUM, CUMV, INHS, Geol. Surv. Alabama, LSUMZ, MMNS, MSU, NLU, SAU, TU, UF, UAIC, UAMZ, UMMZ, UNOVC, USNM, UT. •Valid as Percina kathae Thompson 1997 -- (Ross et al. 2001:503 [ref. 25978], Nelson et al. 2004:137 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:584 [ref. 27995], Williams et al. 2007:11 [ref. 29253], Scharpf 2008:38 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:531 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:141 [ref. 32708], Near et al. 2017:303 [ref. 35622], Bagley et al. 2023:322 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:203 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina kathae Thompson 1997. Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: Eastern North America: Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi and southeastern Tennessee (southeastern U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

kusha, Percina Williams [J. D.] & Burkhead [N. M.] in Williams, Neely, Walsh & Burkhead 2007:4, Fig. 2a [Zootaxa No. 1549; ref. 29253] Conasauga River at mouth of Minnewauga Creek, 9.6 air kilometers south-southwest of the center of Bueton, 35°00'18"N, 34°[sic = 84°]41'28"W, Polk County, Tennessee, U.S.A. Holotype: UF 110303. Paratypes: many at ANSP, GMNH, INHS, NCSM, TU, UAIC, UF, UT, and USNM. Plus non-type specimens. •Valid as Percina kusha Williams & Burkhead 2007 -- (Scharpf 2008:38 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:514 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:141 [ref. 32708], Near et al. 2021:32 [ref. 38235], Bagley et al. 2023:322 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:203 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina kusha Williams & Burkhead 2007. Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: North America: Conasauga and Coosawattee River drainages, Tennessee and Georgia (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

lenticula, Percina Richards [W. J.] & Knapp [L. W.] 1964:695, Figs. 1A-C [Copeia 1964 (no. 4); ref. 3299] Cahaba River at Ala. highway 27, 8.5 miles north of Centerville, Alabama River drainage, Bibb County, Alabama, U.S.A. Holotype: CUMV 43592. Paratypes: CUMV 43435 (2), 43593 (1), 43594 (1); TU 15291 (7); UGAMNH 209 (4), UMMZ 180074 (1); USNM 197491 (1). Type catalog: Collette & Knapp 1967:57 [ref. 20211], Suttkus 1970:127 [ref. 20861], Bart & Taylor 1993:64 [ref. 20906]. •Valid as Percina lenticula Richards & Knapp 1964 -- (Lee et al. 1980:725 [ref. 22416], Kuehne & Barbour 1983:28 [ref. 38055], Page 1983:31 [ref. 22189], Page & Burr 1991:281 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:123 [ref. 23239], Knight & Hastings 1994:150 [ref. 25560], Mettee et al. 1996:707 [ref. 25836], Ross et al. 2001:505 [ref. 25978], Nelson et al. 2004:137 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:585 [ref. 27995], Williams et al. 2007:11 [ref. 29253], Scharpf 2008:38 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:521 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:141 [ref. 32708], Bennett et al. 2015:54 [ref. 41443], Bagley et al. 2023:322 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:203 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina lenticula Richards & Knapp 1964. Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: North America: Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi and Louisiana (southeastern U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

macrocephalum, Etheostoma Cope [E. D.] 1867:400 [Transactions of the American Philosophical Society (New Series) v. 13 (pt 3) (art. 13); ref. 18027] Youghiogheny River, western Pennsylvania, U.S.A. Lectotype: ANSP 22626. Paralectotypes: (2, whereabouts unknown). Type catalog: Collette & Knapp 1967:32 [ref. 20211], Böhlke 1984:138 [ref. 13621]. Lectotype selected by Collette & Knapp 1967:32 [ref. 20211]. •Valid as Percina macrocephala (Cope 1867) -- (Lee et al. 1980:726 [ref. 22416], Kuehne & Barbour 1983:36 [ref. 38055], Page 1983:36 [ref. 22189], Smith 1986:342 [ref. 22186], Burkhead & Jenkins 1991:394 [ref. 21804], Page & Burr 1991:277 [ref. 18983], Etnier & Starnes 1993:575 [ref. 22809], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:791 [ref. 21581], Nelson et al. 2004:137 [ref. 27807], Page & Near 2007:605 [ref. 29260], Scharpf 2008:38 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:513 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:141 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:203 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina macrocephala (Cope 1867). Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: North America: New York to Tennessee (eastern U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

macrolepida, Percina (Percina) Stevenson [M. M.] 1971:66, Figs. 1-3a [Southwestern Naturalist v. 16 (no. 1); ref. 862] Guadalupe River, 150 feet below a dam at Kerrville State Park, 6 miles east of Kerrville, Kerr County, Texas, U.S.A. Holotype: UMMZ 188091. Paratypes: (43) TNHC; UMMZ 188092 (3). •Valid as Percina macrolepida Stevenson 1971 -- (Lee et al. 1980:727 [ref. 22416], Kuehne & Barbour 1983:57 [ref. 38055], Page 1983:51 [ref. 22189], Thompson 1985:12 [ref. 17281], Page & Burr 1991:288 [ref. 18983], Espinosa Pérez et al. 1993:65 [ref. 22290], Thompson 1997:2 [ref. 23154], Fuller et al. 1999:388 [ref. 25838], Ross et al. 2001:516 [ref. 25978], Moyle 2002:409 [ref. 26449], Buchanan & Stevenson 2003:454 [ref. 27167], Nelson et al. 2004:137 [ref. 27807], Miller & Robison 2004:384 [ref. 27931], Miller 2006:338 [ref. 28615], Scharpf 2008:38 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:533 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:141 [ref. 32708], Near et al. 2017:303 [ref. 35622], Page et al. 2023:203 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina macrolepida Stevenson 1971. Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: North America: south-central U.S.A. and northern Mexico. Habitat: freshwater.

maculatus, Alvordius Girard [C. F.] 1859:68 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 11; ref. 1821] Fort Gratiot, Lake Huron, Michigan, U.S.A. Syntypes: USNM 1346 (2, apparently discarded). Type catalog: Collette & Knapp 1967:11 [ref. 20211], Beckham 1986:4 [ref. 36112]. •Valid as Percina maculata (Girard 1859) -- (Lee et al. 1980:728 [ref. 22416], Kuehne & Barbour 1983:37 [ref. 38055], Page 1983:37 [ref. 22189], Beckham 1986:4 [ref. 36112], Smith 1986:343 [ref. 22186], Robison & Buchanan 1988:450 [ref. 23393], McAllister 1990:144 [ref. 14674], Page & Burr 1991:278 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:123 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:577 [ref. 22809], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:793 [ref. 21581], Stauffer et al. 1995:327 [ref. 23376], Cross & Collins 1995:238 [ref. 23394], Mettee et al. 1996:709 [ref. 25836], Mettee et al. 1996:709 [ref. 25836], Scott & Crossman 1998:8030 [ref. 24570], Fuller et al. 1999:389 [ref. 25838], Lyons et al. 2000:46 [ref. 26594], Ross et al. 2001:506 [ref. 25978], Bailey et al. 2004:203 [ref. 27882], Nelson et al. 2004:137 [ref. 27807], Miller & Robison 2004:386 [ref. 27931], Boschung & Mayden 2004:587 [ref. 27995], Williams et al. 2007:15 [ref. 29253], Scharpf 2008:38 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:515 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:141 [ref. 32708], Stephens et al. 2014:545 [ref. 33552], Bagley et al. 2023:322 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:203 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina maculata (Girard 1859). Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: Eastern North America. Habitat: freshwater.

maculatus, Hadropterus Girard [C. F.] 1859:100 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 11; ref. 27409] Eastern tributary of Potomac River, Patuxent, Anne Arundel County, Maryland, U.S.A. Lectotype: USNM 1157. Paralectotypes: ?MCZ 24525 [ex USNM 1303] (2), ?MCZ 24546 [ex USNM 1157] (2), USNM 197773 [ex USNM 1157] (1). Type catalog: Collette & Knapp 1967:43-44 [ref. 20211]. Subjectively invalid; secondarily preoccupied by Etheostoma maculata Kirtland 1841 when both are in Etheostoma and secondarily preoccupied in Percina by Alvordius maculatus Girard 1859, replaced by Hadropterus notogrammus Raney & Hubbs 1948. Lectotype selected in Collette & Knapp 1967:43 [ref. 20211]. •Objective synonym of Percina notogramma (Raney & Hubbs 1948) -- (Page 1983:38 [ref. 22189]). 2°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Percina. Percidae: Etheostomatinae.

manitou, Percina Jordan [D. S.] 1877:53 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 29 (pt 1); ref. 2372] Lake Manitou, Fulton County, Indiana, U.S.A. Lectotype: USNM 23458. Paralectotypes: Indiana State coll. (2, not found). Type catalog: Collette & Knapp 1967:57 [ref. 20211]. Lectotype selected by Collette & Knapp 1967:57 [ref. 20211]. •Synonym of Percina caprodes (Rafinesque 1818) -- (Page 1983:50 [ref. 22189]). •Synonym of Percina caprodes (Rafinesque 1818), but a valid subspecies manitou. Current status: Synonym of Percina caprodes (Rafinesque 1818). Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: Great Lakes region, Canada and U,S.A. [subspecies manitou]. Habitat: freshwater.

maxinkuckiensis, Hadropterus Evermann [B. W.] 1900:366, Pl. 17 [United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries, Report of the Commissioner Pt. 25 (for 1899); ref. 14726] Aubeenaubee Creek, eastern inlet of Lake Maxinkuckee, about 0.5 mile from the lake, Marshall County, Indiana, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): USNM 49378. Type catalog: Collette & Knapp 1967:44 [ref. 20211]. •Synonym of Percina maculata (Girard 1859) -- (Page 1983:37 [ref. 22189]). Current status: Synonym of Percina maculata (Girard 1859). Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Habitat: freshwater.

montuosa, Percina notogramma Hogarth [W. T.] & Woolcott [W. S.] 1966:101, Fig. 2 [Chesapeake Science v. 7 (no. 2); ref. 9035] Beaver Creek, 4 miles east of Lynchburg on U.S. highway 460, Campbell County, Virginia, U.S.A. Holotype: USNM 199556. Paratypes: CUMV 47321 (2), 47322 (1); UMMZ 95194 (1), 144697 (3), 175103 (5), 175121 (1); UR 1797 (3), 2294 (6), 2321 (12), 2337 (3), 2350 (1); USNM 199557 (3); VPI 954 (2), 963 (1), 981 (1), 1005-06 (1, 2), 1014 (1). Type catalog: Collette & Knapp 1967:58-59 [ref. 20211]. •Synonym of Percina notogramma (Raney & Hubbs 1948), but a valid subspecies as described -- (Lee et al. 1980:730 [ref. 22416], Kuehne & Barbour 1983:39 [ref. 38055], Page 1983:39 [ref. 22189], Stauffer et al. 1995:329 [ref. 23376], Scharpf 2008:39 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:516 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2023:203 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Synonym of Percina notogramma (Raney & Hubbs 1948). Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: North America: James River system, Virginia and West Virginia (U.S.A.) [subspecies montuosa]. Habitat: freshwater.

nasutus, Hadropterus Bailey [R. M.] 1941:3, Pl. 1 (figs. 1, 3) [Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology University of Michigan No. 440; ref. 13229] Middle Fork, Little Red River, near bridge on U.S. highway 65, 1.5 mile southeast of Leslie, Searcy County, Arkansas, U.S.A. Holotype: UMMZ 132898. Paratypes: USNM 198146 [ex ISC 2] (1). Type catalog: Collette & Knapp 1967:44 [ref. 20211]. •Valid as Percina nasuta (Bailey 1941) -- (Lee et al. 1980:729 [ref. 22416], Kuehne & Barbour 1983:31 [ref. 38055], Page 1983:34 [ref. 22189], Robison & Buchanan 1988:452 [ref. 23393], Page & Burr 1991:286 [ref. 18983], Turner et al. 1996:2023 [ref. 25532], Nelson et al. 2004:137 [ref. 27807], Miller & Robison 2004:388 [ref. 27931], Scharpf 2008:38 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:527 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:141 [ref. 32708], Robison et al. 2014:249 [ref. 33526], Page et al. 2023:203 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina nasuta (Bailey 1941). Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: North America: Arkansas and White River basins, Missouri, Arkansas and Oklahoma (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

nebulosa, Perca (Percina) Haldeman [S. S.] 1842:330 [Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia v. 8 (pt 2); ref. 2029] Susquehanna River, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): ANSP 22652. Type catalog: Collette & Knapp 1967:56-57 [ref. 20211], Böhlke 1984:138 [ref. 13621]. Objectively invalid, preoccupied by Perca nebulosa Rafinesque 1814. •Synonym of Percina caprodes (Rafinesque 1818) -- (Page 1983:50 [ref. 22189]). •Synonym of Percina bimaculata Haldeman 1844 -- (Near 2008:7 [ref. 29672]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Percina bimaculata Haldeman 1844. Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Habitat: freshwater.

nevisense, Etheostoma Cope [E. D.] 1870:261 [Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society v. 11 (for 7 Jan. 1870); ref. 14127] Falls of Neuse River, 8 miles east of Raleigh, North Carolina, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. Type catalog: Collette & Knapp 1967:33 [ref. 20211], Böhlke 1984:139 [ref. 13621]. Probably named after the Neuse River, so the adjective should be nevisensis when combined with a genus of female gender. •Synonym of Percina peltata (Stauffer 1864), but a valid subspecies -- (Lee et al. 1980:736 [ref. 22416], Kuehne & Barbour 1983:41 [ref. 38055], Page 1983:40 [ref. 22189], Stauffer et al. 1995:332 [ref. 23376]). •Valid as Percina nevisensis (Cope 1870) -- (Goodin et al. 1998:186 [ref. 26749] as nevisense, Nelson et al. 2004:137 [ref. 27807] as nevisense, Scharpf 2008:39 [ref. 30399] as nevisense, Page & Burr 2011:517 [ref. 31215] as nevisense, Page et al. 2013:141 [ref. 32708] as nevisense, Page et al. 2023:203 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina nevisensis (Cope 1870). Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: North America: Virginia and North Carolina (U.S.A.). Hydridizes with Percina rex (Jordan & Evermann 1889) (see Roberts 2011:22 [ref. 39995]). Habitat: freshwater.

nigrofasciatus, Hadropterus Agassiz [L.] 1854:305 [11] [American Journal of Science and Arts (Series 2) v. 17; ref. 69] Near Mobile, Alabama, U.S.A. Lectotype: MCZ 24603 [ex USNM 1197]. Paralectotypes: MCZ 43094 [ex MCZ 24603, ex MCZ 122] (now 11), UMMZ 86300 (3); USNM 1197 (2 or 4), USNM 86300 [ex MCZ 24603] (3). Type catalog: Collette & Knapp 1967:44 [ref. 20211]. On p. 11 of separate. Lectotype selected by Collette & Knapp 1967:44 [ref. 20211]. •Valid as Percina nigrofasciata (Agassiz 1854) -- (Lee et al. 1980:730 [ref. 22416], Kuehne & Barbour 1983:29 [ref. 38055], Page 1983:33 [ref. 22189], Page & Burr 1991:281 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:123 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:579 [ref. 22809], Knight & Hastings 1994:150 [ref. 25560], Mettee et al. 1996:711 [ref. 25836], Ross et al. 2001:508 [ref. 25978], Nelson et al. 2004:137 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:588 [ref. 27995], Williams et al. 2007:11 [ref. 29253], Freeman et al. 2008:25 [ref. 29946], Scharpf 2008:39 [ref. 30399] with subspecies, Page & Burr 2011:520 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:141 [ref. 32708], Bennett et al. 2015:54 [ref. 41443], Robins et al. 2018:336 [ref. 35886], Hayes & Piller 2018:477 [ref. 37358], Bagley et al. 2023:322 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:203 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina nigrofasciata (Agassiz 1854). Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: North America: Lake Pontchartrain basin eastward including the Pearl River, Pascagoula River, Wolf River, and Mobile Bay drainages (southeastern U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

notogrammus, Hadropterus Raney [E. C.] & Hubbs [C. L.] 1948:1, Pl. 1 (figs. 1-2), 2 (figs. 1-2) [Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology University of Michigan No. 512; ref. 11764] Eastern tributary of Potomac River, Patuxent, Anne Arundel County, Maryland, U.S.A. Lectotype: USNM 1157. Paralectotypes: ?MCZ 24525 [ex USNM 1303] (2), ?MCZ 24546 [ex USNM 1157] (2), USNM 197773 [ex USNM 1157] (1). UMMZ specimens are not types. Type catalog: Collette & Knapp 1967:45 [ref. 20211] as a replacement name. Described as a new species, but in their abstract the authors state, "The cotypes of Hadropterus maculatus (Girard, 1859b:100), in the United States National Museum (No. 1157), upon re-examination prove to be the species herein described as new. The name, however, is preoccupied ..." Regarded as a replacement name for Hadropterus maculatus Girard 1859, preoccupied by Etheostoma maculata Kirtland 1841 when both are in Etheostoma; types same as for H. maculatus. •Valid as Percina notogramma (Raney & Hubbs 1948) -- (Hogarth & Woolcott 1966 [ref. 9035] with subspecies, Lee et al. 1980:731 [ref. 22416], Kuehne & Barbour 1983:39 [ref. 38055], Page 1983:38 [ref. 22189], Page & Burr 1991:278 [ref. 18983], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:795 [ref. 21581], Stauffer et al. 1995:329 [ref. 23376], Goodin et al. 1998:192 [ref. 26749], Nelson et al. 2004:137 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2008:39 [ref. 30399] with subspecies, Page & Burr 2011:515 [ref. 31215] with 2 subspecies, Page et al. 2013:141 [ref. 32708]). Replacement Name. Current status: Valid as Percina notogramma (Raney & Hubbs 1948). Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: North America: eastern U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater.

ouachitae, Etheostoma (Hadropterus) Jordan [D. S.] & Gilbert [C. H.] in Gilbert 1887:49 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 10 (no. 607); ref. 17814] Saline River, tributary of the Wachita River, at Benton, Saline County, Arkansas, U.S.A. Lectotype: USNM 36449. Paralectotypes: CAS-SU 552 (3), UMMZ 187509 [ex IU] (1), USNM 211261 (2). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:73-74 [ref. 12291], Collette & Knapp 1967:35 [ref. 20211]. Lectotype isolated at USNM but perhaps not formally designated; not designated here. •Valid as Percina ouachitae (Jordan & Gilbert 1887) -- (Etnier 1976:472 [ref. 7327], Lee et al. 1980:732 [ref. 22416], Warren Jr. & Cicerello 1982:4 [ref. 40469], Kuehne & Barbour 1983:50 [ref. 38055], Robison & Buchanan 1988:454 [ref. 23393], Page & Burr 1991:283 [ref. 18983]). •Possibly the same as Percina vigil (Hay 1882) -- (Page 1983:47 [ref. 22189]). •Synonym of Percina vigil (Hay 1882) -- (Suttkus 1985:227 [ref. 22487], Ross et al. 2001:518 [ref. 25978]). Current status: Synonym of Percina vigil (Hay 1882). Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Habitat: freshwater.

oxyrhynchus, Hadropterus Hubbs [C. L.] & Raney [E. C.] 1939:3, Pl. 1 [Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology University of Michigan No. 396; ref. 10906] Cheat River at Cheat Bridge, Randolph County, West Virginia, U.S.A. Holotype: UMMZ 118422. Paratypes: UMMZ 118482 (4), 119268 (7), 119246 (2); USNM 56862 (1). Type catalog: Collette & Knapp 1967:45 [ref. 20211]. •Valid as Percina oxyrhyncha (Hubbs & Raney 1939) -- (Lee et al. 1980:733 [ref. 22416], Kuehne & Barbour 1983:32 [ref. 38055], Page 1983:34 [ref. 22189]). •Valid as Percina oxyrhynchus (Hubbs & Raney 1939) -- (Page & Burr 1991:285 [ref. 18983], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:779 [ref. 21581], Stauffer et al. 1995:330 [ref. 23376], Nelson et al. 2004:137 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2008:39 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:526 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:141 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:203 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina oxyrhynchus (Hubbs & Raney 1939). Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: North America: Pennsylvania to Kentucky and south to North Carolina (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

palmaris, Hadropterus Bailey [R. M.] 1940:525, Fig. 1 [Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences v. 30 (no. 12); ref. 11642] Etowah River, tributary of Coosa River, just above bridge on US highway 19, 4 miles southwest of Dahlonega, Lumpkin County, Georgia, U.S.A. Holotype: UMMZ 126179. Paratypes: UMMZ 11132 (1, 22), 111234 (4, now 0), 126180 (2); USNM 117881 (2), 198145 [ex ISC 1] (1). Type catalog: Collette & Knapp 1967:45-46 [ref. 20211]. •Valid as Percina palmaris (Bailey 1940) -- (Lee et al. 1980:734 [ref. 22416], Kuehne & Barbour 1983:44 [ref. 38055], Page & Burr 1991:284 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:124 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:580 [ref. 22809], Page 1983:41 [ref. 22189], Mettee et al. 1996:713 [ref. 25836], Nelson et al. 2004:137 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:589 [ref. 27995], Williams et al. 2007:11 [ref. 29253], Scharpf 2008:39 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:524 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:141 [ref. 32708], Stephens et al. 2014:545 [ref. 33552], Bagley et al. 2023:322 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:204 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina palmaris (Bailey 1940). Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: North America: Tennessee, Alabama and Georgia (eastern U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

pantherinus, Hadropterus Moore [G. A.] & Reeves [J. D.] 1955:90, Pl. 1 [Copeia 1955 (no. 2); ref. 12463] Little River, west of Pickens, Pushmataha County, Oklahoma, U.S.A. Holotype: UMMZ 167120. Paratypes: MCZ 38491 (1); Oklahoma Agri. & Mechan. College 2559 (1) and 4948 (1); UMMZ 167121 (6), 167122 (3), 81185 (1); USNM 198108 [ex Tulsa Univ. coll.] (1). Type catalog: Collette & Knapp 1967:46 [ref. 20211]. •Valid as Percina pantherina (Moore & Reeves 1955) -- (Lee et al. 1980:735 [ref. 22416], Kuehne & Barbour 1983:40 [ref. 38055], Page 1983:37 [ref. 22189], Robison & Buchanan 1988:456 [ref. 23393], Page & Burr 1991:278 [ref. 18983], Nelson et al. 2004:137 [ref. 27807], Nelson et al. 2004:137 [ref. 27807], Miller & Robison 2004:390 [ref. 27931], Scharpf 2008:39 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:515 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:141 [ref. 32708]), Page et al. 2023:204 [ref. 40505]. Current status: Valid as Percina pantherina (Moore & Reeves 1955). Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: North America: Red River drainage, Arkansas and Oklahoma (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

peltatum, Etheostoma Stauffer [J.] in Cope 1864:233 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 16 (no. 4); ref. 906] Conestoga Creek, near Lancaster, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): ANSP 22627. Type catalog: Collette & Knapp 1967:36 [ref. 20211], Böhlke 1984:139 [ref. 13621]. •Valid as Percina peltata (Stauffer 1864) -- (Hogarth & Woolcott 1966 [ref. 9035], Lee et al. 1980:736 [ref. 22416], Kuehne & Barbour 1983:41 [ref. 38055], Page 1983:39 [ref. 22189], Smith 1986:344 [ref. 22186], Page & Burr 1991:279 [ref. 18983], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:800 [ref. 21581], Stauffer et al. 1995:332 [ref. 23376], Goodin et al. 1998:186 [ref. 26749], Nelson et al. 2004:137 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2008:39 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:516 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:141 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:204 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina peltata (Stauffer 1864). Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: North America: New York to Virginia (eastern U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

phoxocephalum, Etheostoma Nelson [E. W.] 1876:35 [Bulletin of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History v. 1 (no. 1); ref. 3154] Illinois River and tributaries, U.S.A. Syntypes: ?UMMZ 187504 [ex IU 499 and IU 4702] (2). Type catalog: Collette & Knapp 1967:36 [ref. 20211], Sabaj et al. 1997:290 [ref. 23225]. •Valid as Percina phoxocephala (Nelson 1876) -- (Lee et al. 1980:737 [ref. 22416], Kuehne & Barbour 1983:33 [ref. 38055], Page 1983:35 [ref. 22189], Robison & Buchanan 1988:457 [ref. 23393], Page & Burr 1991:285 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:124 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:582 [ref. 22809], Stauffer et al. 1995:333 [ref. 23376], Cross & Collins 1995:239 [ref. 23394], Turner et al. 1996:2023 [ref. 25532], Mettee et al. 1996:715 [ref. 25836], Lyons et al. 2000:46 [ref. 26594], Ross et al. 2001:510 [ref. 25978], Nelson et al. 2004:137 [ref. 27807], Miller & Robison 2004:392 [ref. 27931], Boschung & Mayden 2004:591 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2008:39 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:527 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:141 [ref. 32708], Stephens et al. 2014:545 [ref. 33552], Bagley et al. 2023:322 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:204 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina phoxocephala (Nelson 1876). Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: North America: eastern-central U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater.

putnami, Cottogaster Jordan [D. S.] & Gilbert [C. H.] 1883:498 [Bulletin of the United States National Museum No. 16; ref. 2476] Lake Champlain, New York, U.S.A. Lectotype: USNM 1314. Paralectotypes: USNM 198000 [ex USNM 1314 + 1193] (27). Type catalog: Collette & Knapp 1967:21-22 [ref. 20211]. Based on literature and specimens. Lectotype selected by Collette & Knapp 1967:21 [ref. 20211]. •Synonym of Percina copelandi (Jordan 1877) -- (Page 1983:44 [ref. 22189], Smith 1986:341 [ref. 22186], Suttkus et al. 1994:6 [ref. 21916]). Current status: Synonym of Percina copelandi (Jordan 1877). Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Habitat: freshwater.

raneyi, Percina nigrofasciatus Crawford [R. W.] 1956:49, Fig. 10 [Tulane Studies in Zoology v. 4 (no. 1); ref. 12188] Calhoun Creek, tributary of Savannah River, 7.6 miles east of Calhoun Falls on rt. 72, Abbeville County, South Carolina, U.S.A. Holotype: CUMV 23344. Paratypes: CUMV 19599 (orig. 41, now 37), USNM 188896 [ex CUMV 19599] (4). Type catalog: Collette & Knapp 1967:57-58 [ref. 20211]. •Synonym of Percina nigrofasciata (Agassiz 1854) -- (Lee et al. 1980:730 [ref. 22416], Page 1983:33 [ref. 22189]). •Synonym of Percina nigrofasciata (Agassiz 1854) but a valid subspecies -- (Scharpf 2008:39 [ref. 30399]). •Synonym of Percina westfalli (Fowler 1942) -- (Hayes & Piller 2018:477 [ref. 37358]). Current status: Synonym of Percina westfalli (Fowler 1942). Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Habitat: freshwater.

rex, Etheostoma Jordan [D. S.] & Evermann [B. W.] in Jordan 1889:357, Pl. 45 (fig. 9) [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 11 (no. 723); ref. 10478] Roanoke River, near Roanoke, Virginia, U.S.A. Syntypes: USNM 39858 (?2). Type catalog: Collette & Knapp 1967:37 [ref. 20211]. •Valid as Percina rex (Jordan & Evermann 1889) -- (Lee et al. 1980:738 [ref. 22416], Kuehne & Barbour 1983:58 [ref. 38055], Page 1983:49 [ref. 22189], Thompson 1985:14 [ref. 17281], Burkhead & Jenkins 1991:395 [ref. 21804], Page & Burr 1991:287 [ref. 18983], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:785 [ref. 21581], Thompson 1997:2 [ref. 23154], Nelson et al. 2004:137 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2008:39 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:529 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:141 [ref. 32708], Near et al. 2017:303 [ref. 35622], Page et al. 2023:204 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina rex (Jordan & Evermann 1889). Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: North America: Virginia (U.S.A.). Hydridizes with Percina nevisensis (Cope 1870) (see Roberts 2011:22 [ref. 39995]). Habitat: freshwater.

roanoka, Etheostoma Jordan [D. S.] & Jenkins [O. P.] in Jordan 1889:358, Pl. 45 (fig. 10) [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 11 (no. 723); ref. 10478] Roanoke River at Allegheny Springs, Virginia, U.S.A. Lectotype: USNM 39866. Paralectotypes: CUMV 46469-70 (3, 1); MCZ 3106 (1); CAS-SU 616 (now 10); UMMZ 187514 (7); USNM 197774 [ex USNM 39866] (4). Plus additional material. Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:74 [ref. 12291], Collette & Knapp 1967:37-38 [ref. 20211]. Second author is O. P. Jenkins. Lectotype selected in Collette & Knapp 1967:37 [ref. 20211]. •Valid as Percina roanoka (Jordan & Jenkins 1889) -- (Lee et al. 1980:739 [ref. 22416], Kuehne & Barbour 1983:42 [ref. 38055], Page 1983:40 [ref. 22189], Page & Burr 1991:280 [ref. 18983], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:804 [ref. 21581], Stauffer et al. 1995:334 [ref. 23376], Fuller et al. 1999:389 [ref. 25838], Nelson et al. 2004:137 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2008:39 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:518 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:141 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:204 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina roanoka (Jordan & Jenkins 1889). Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: North America: Virginia and North Carolina (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

scierus, Hadropterus Swain [J.] 1883:252 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 6 (no. 379); ref. 18865] Bean Blossom Creek, tributary of White River, 6 miles north of Bloomington, Monroe County, Indiana, U.S.A. Lectotype: USNM 34350. Paralectotypes: USNM (1, not found). Type catalog: Collette & Knapp 1967:46 [ref. 20211]. Lectotype selected by Collette & Knapp 1967:46 [ref. 20211]. •Valid as Percina sciera (Swain 1883) -- (Lee et al. 1980:740 [ref. 22416], Kuehne & Barbour 1983:30 [ref. 38055], Page 1983:31 [ref. 22189], Robison & Buchanan 1988:458 [ref. 23393], Page & Burr 1991:281 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:124 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:583 [ref. 22809], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:777 [ref. 21581], Warren et al. 1994:133 [ref. 25557], Knight & Hastings 1994:150 [ref. 25560], Stauffer et al. 1995:336 [ref. 23376], Mettee et al. 1996:717 [ref. 25836], Ross et al. 2001:512 [ref. 25978], Nelson et al. 2004:137 [ref. 27807], Miller & Robison 2004:394 [ref. 27931], Boschung & Mayden 2004:592 [ref. 27995], Williams et al. 2007:15 [ref. 29253], Robins & Page 2007:51 [ref. 29318], Scharpf 2008:39 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:519 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:141 [ref. 32708], Stephens et al. 2014:545 [ref. 33552], Near et al. 2021:34 [ref. 38235], Bagley et al. 2023:322 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:204 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina sciera (Swain 1883). Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: North America: central and south-central U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater.

semifasciatum, Pileoma DeKay [J. E.] 1842:16, Pl. 50 (fig. 162) [Zoology of New-York; ref. 1098] Westport on Lake Champlain, New York, U.S.A. Syntypes: New York State coll. (not found). Type catalog: Collette & Knapp 1967:59 [ref. 20211]. •Synonym of Percina caprodes (Rafinesque 1818) -- (Page 1983:50 [ref. 22189], Smith 1986:339 [ref. 22186], Scott & Crossman 1998:800 [ref. 24570]). •Synonym of Percina caprodes (Rafinesque 1818), but a valid subspecies semifasciata (DeKay 1842) -- (Thompson 1985:12 [ref. 17281], Thompson 1997:10 [ref. 23154], Bailey et al. 2004:201 [ref. 27882], Scharpf 2008:37 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:529 [ref. 31215]). Current status: Synonym of Percina caprodes (Rafinesque 1818). Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: Canada and northern states: Misouri, Arkansas, Kansas and Oklahoma [subspecies semifasciata]. Habitat: freshwater.

serrula, Hadropterus scierus var. Jordan [D. S.] & Gilbert [C. H.] 1886:16 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 9 (no. 549) (for 14 Aug. 1886); ref. 10626] Sabine River, 5 miles south of Longview, Texas, U.S.A. Lectotype: USNM 36481. Paralectotypes: CAS-SU 3934 (2), USNM 198010 [ex USNM 36481] (5). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:74 [ref. 12291], Collette & Knapp 1967:47-48 [ref. 20211]. Lectotype selected by Collette & Knapp 1967:47 [ref. 20211]. •Synonym of Percina sciera (Swain 1883) -- (Page 1983:31 [ref. 22189]). Current status: Synonym of Percina sciera (Swain 1883). Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Habitat: freshwater.

shumardi, Hadropterus Girard [C. F.] 1859:100 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 11; ref. 27409] Arkansas River, near Fort Smith, Arkansas, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): USNM 1330. •Valid as Percina shumardi (Girard 1859) -- (Etnier 1976:472 [ref. 7327], Lee et al. 1980:741 [ref. 22416], Kuehne & Barbour 1983:51 [ref. 38055], Page 1983:45 [ref. 22189], Suttkus 1985:225 [ref. 22487], Robison & Buchanan 1988:460 [ref. 23393], McAllister 1990:144 [ref. 14674], Dalton 1990:59 [ref. 21037], Page & Burr 1991:282 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:124 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:584 [ref. 22809], Warren et al. 1994:133 [ref. 25557], Stauffer et al. 1995:337 [ref. 23376], Cross & Collins 1995:240 [ref. 23394], Chereshnev 1996:606 [ref. 24659] as schumardi, Mettee et al. 1996:719 [ref. 25836], Scott & Crossman 1998:806 [ref. 24570], Fuller et al. 1999:390 [ref. 25838], Lyons et al. 2000:46 [ref. 26594], Ross et al. 2001:513 [ref. 25978], Bailey et al. 2004:204 [ref. 27882], Nelson et al. 2004:137 [ref. 27807], Miller & Robison 2004:396 [ref. 27931], Boschung & Mayden 2004:594 [ref. 27995], Williams et al. 2007:11 [ref. 29253], Scharpf 2008:40 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:522 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:142 [ref. 32708], Stephens et al. 2014:545 [ref. 33552], Bennett et al. 2015:54 [ref. 41443], Bagley et al. 2023:322 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:204 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina shumardi (Girard 1859). Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: North America: Canada and central U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater.

sipsi, Percina Williams [J. D.] & Neely [D. A.] in Williams, Neely, Walsh & Burkhead 2007:12, Fig. 2b [Zootaxa No. 1549; ref. 29253] Sipsey Fork at Alabama highway 33, 3 kilometers northeast of Rock Springs, Winston County, Alabama, 34°13'06"N, 87°22'09"W, U.S.A. Holotype: UF 165737. Paratypes: many at AUM, INHS, TU, UAIC, UF, UMMZ and USNM. Plus non-type specimens. •Valid as Percina sipsi Williams & Neely 2007 -- (Scharpf 2008:40 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:515 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:142 [ref. 32708], Near et al. 2021:35 [ref. 38235], Bagley et al. 2023:322 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:204 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina sipsi Williams & Neely 2007. Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: North America: Sipsey Fork of the Black Warrior River, northeastern Alabama (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

smithvanizi, Percina Williams [J. D.] & Walsh [S. J.] in Williams, Neely, Walsh & Burkhead 2007:15, Fig. 2c [Zootaxa No. 1549; ref. 29253] Turkey Creek, about 2.9 kilometers west of Burwell, Carroll County, Georgia, 33°35'45"N, 85°13'36"W, U.S.A. Holotype: UF 165375. Paratypes: many at AUM, INHS, NCSM, TU, UAIC, UF, UMMZ and USNM. Plus non-type specimens. •Valid as Percina smithvanizi Williams & Walsh 2007 -- (Scharpf 2008:40 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:514 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:142 [ref. 32708], Near et al. 2021:34 [ref. 38235], Bagley et al. 2023:322 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:204 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina smithvanizi Williams & Walsh 2007. Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: North America: above the Fall Line in the Tallapoosa River system: Alabama and Georgia (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

spillmani, Hadropterus Hay [O. P.] 1881:491 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 3 (no. 179); ref. 2053] Chickasawha River at Enterprise, Clarke County, Mississippi, U.S.A. Lectotype: USNM 27432. Paralectotypes: several (not found). Type catalog: Collette & Knapp 1967:48 [ref. 20211]. Lectotype selected by Jordan & Evermann 1896:1039 [ref. 2443]. •Synonym of Percina nigrofasciata (Agassiz 1854) -- (Page 1983:33 [ref. 22189], Ross et al. 2001:510 [ref. 25978]). Current status: Synonym of Percina nigrofasciata (Agassiz 1854). Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Habitat: freshwater.

squamatus, Etheostoma (Hadropterus) Gilbert [C. H.] & Swain [W.] in Gilbert 1887:50 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 10 (no. 607); ref. 17814] French Broad River at mouth of Wolf Creek, Cocke County, Tennessee, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): USNM 36652. Type catalog: Collette & Knapp 1967:39 [ref. 20211]. •Valid as Percina squamata (Gilbert & Swain 1887) -- (Lee et al. 1980:742 [ref. 22416], Kuehne & Barbour 1983:34 [ref. 38055], Page 1983:34 [ref. 22189], Page & Burr 1991:285 [ref. 18983], Etnier & Starnes 1993:585 [ref. 22809], Nelson et al. 2004:137 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2008:40 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:524 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:142 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:204 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina squamata (Gilbert & Swain 1887). Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: North America: Kentucky, Tennessee, North Carolina and Georgia (eastern U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

stictogaster, Percina Burr [B. M.] & Page [L. M.] 1993:19, Figs. 1 (middle & bottom), 3 [Alabama Museum of Natural History Bulletin No. 16; ref. 21302] Red Bird River, tributary of South Fork Kentucky River, Clay County, Kentucky, U.S.A., 37°11'28"N, 83°35'31"W. Holotype: INHS 28535. Paratypes: INHS 64304 (16); KU 23130 [ex INHS 64304] (2); SIUC 652 (2), 677 (1); UAIC 6750.12 (2), 10470.01 (3); USNM 231070 (3); plus nontype material. Type catalog: Sabaj et al. 1997:283-284 [ref. 23225]. •Valid as Percina stictogaster Burr & Page 1993 -- (Nelson et al. 2004:137 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2008:40 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:513 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:142 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:204 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina stictogaster Burr & Page 1993. Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: North America: Kentucky and Tennessee (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

striolacauda, Percina evides Denoncourt [R. F.] 1969:1408 [Dissertation Abstracts International B Sciences and Engineering v. 30 (no. 3); ref. 7734] Appeared in Dissertation Abstracts; regarded as unavailable. From the Hiwassee, Little Tennessee River, and French Broad drainages of Georgia and North Carolina, U.S.A. Percidae: Etheostomatinae.

suttkusi, Percina Thompson [B. A.] 1997:3, Fig. 1 [Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural Science Louisiana State University No. 72; ref. 23155] Pearl River (river mile 46.8), below pools Bluff Sill, about 6 kilometers south of Bogalusa, Louisiana, off La highway 21, Pearl River County, Mississippi, U.S.A. Holotype: TU 176058. Paratypes: (1445) deposited at AMNH, ANSP, AUM, CUMV, Geol. Surv. Alabama, INHS, KU, MCZ, MMNS, MSU, NLU, SLU, TU,UAIC, UF, UMMZ, UT. •Valid as Percina suttkusi Thompson 1997 -- (Thompson 1997:2 [ref. 23154], Ross et al. 2001:515 [ref. 25978], Nelson et al. 2004:137 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:595 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2008:40 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:532 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:142 [ref. 32708], Near et al. 2017:303 [ref. 35622], Bagley et al. 2023:322 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:204 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina suttkusi Thompson 1997. Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: North America: Alabama, Mississippi and Louisiana (U.S.A.). Habitat: marine.

tanasi, Percina Etnier [D. A.] 1976:473, Fig. 1 [Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington v. 88 (no. 44); ref. 7327] Little Tennessee River near mouth of Coytee Spring, Loudon County, Tennessee, U.S.A. Holotype: TU 90858. Paratypes: CUMV 64754 (5); INHS 75000 (5); NLU 32057 (5); OAM 9536 (1); TU 83994 (2), 90859 (1); UMMZ 197413 (5); UF 20852 (5), USNM 214697-98 (2, 5); UT 91.803 (1), 91.1074 (10). Type catalog: Bart & Taylor 1993:64 [ref. 20906], Sabaj et al. 1997:284 [ref. 23225]. •Valid as Percina tanasi Etnier 1976 -- (Lee et al. 1980:743 [ref. 22416], Kuehne & Barbour 1983:53 [ref. 38055], Page 1983:46 [ref. 22189], Page & Burr 1991:283 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:124 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:587 [ref. 22809], Mettee et al. 1996:721 [ref. 25836], Fuller et al. 1999:390 [ref. 25838], Nelson et al. 2004:137 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:596 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2008:40 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:523 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:142 [ref. 32708], Bagley et al. 2023:322 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:204 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina tanasi Etnier 1976. Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: North America: Alabama, Tennessee and on border with Georgia (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

tessellata, Etheostoma Storer [D. H.] 1845:48 [Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History v. 2 (1845-1848); ref. 18835] Tennessee River at Florence, Alabama, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. Type catalog: Collette & Knapp 1967:40 [ref. 20211]. Subjectively invalid; secondarily preoccupied by Boleosoma tessellatum DeKay 1842, replaced by Alvordius evides Jordan & Copeland 1877. •Objective synonym of Percina evides (Jordan & Copeland 1877) -- (Page 1983:42 [ref. 22189], Ross et al. 2001:503 [ref. 25978], Boschung & Mayden 2004:583 [ref. 27995]). 2°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Percina evides (Jordan & Copeland 1877). Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Habitat: freshwater.

uranidea, Etheostoma (Cottogaster) Jordan [D. S.] & Gilbert [C. H.] in Gilbert 1887:48 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 10 (no. 607); ref. 17814] Washita [= Ouachita] River at Arkadelphia, Clark County, Arkansas, U.S.A. Syntypes: USNM 36413 (now 1), 211262 [ex 36413] (7). Type catalog: Collette & Knapp 1967:42 [ref. 20211]. •Valid as Percina uranidea (Jordan & Gilbert 1887) -- (Etnier 1976:472 [ref. 7327], Lee et al. 1980:744 [ref. 22416], Kuehne & Barbour 1983:54 [ref. 38055], Page 1983:47 [ref. 22189], Robison & Buchanan 1988:461 [ref. 23393], Page & Burr 1991:283 [ref. 18983], Ross et al. 2001:518 [ref. 25978], Nelson et al. 2004:137 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2008:40 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:523 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:142 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:204 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina uranidea (Jordan & Gilbert 1887). Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: North America: Missouri, Arkansas, Louisiana, Indiana and Illinois (eastern U.S.A.) (scattered localities). Habitat: freshwater.

vigil, Ioa Hay [O. P.] 1882:59 [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 2 (for 1882); ref. 2054] Pearl River at Jackson, Mississippi, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): USNM 32201. Type catalog: Collette & Knapp 1967:53 [ref. 20211]. •Possibly the same as Percina ouachitae (Jordan & Gilbert 1887) -- (Page 1983:47 [ref. 22189]). •Synonym of Percina shumardi (Girard 1859) -- (Page 1983:1083 [ref. 29994]). •Valid as Percina vigil (Hay 1882) -- (Suttkus 1985:227 [ref. 22487], Boschung 1992:124 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:590 [ref. 22809], Warren et al. 1994:133 [ref. 25557], Knight & Hastings 1994:150 [ref. 25560], Mettee et al. 1996:723 [ref. 25836], Ross et al. 2001:516 [ref. 25978], Nelson et al. 2004:137 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:597 [ref. 27995] with date as 1883, Scharpf 2008:40 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:524 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:142 [ref. 32708], Robins et al. 2018:338 [ref. 35886], Bagley et al. 2023:322 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:204 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina vigil (Hay 1882). Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: Eastern North America: eastern and southern-central U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater.

westfalli, Hadropterus nigrofasciatus Fowler [H. W.] 1942:9, Fig. 9 [Notulae Naturae (Philadelphia) No. 107; ref. 13199] Wekiwa River, tributary of St. Johns River, Florida, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): ANSP 69980. Type catalog: Collette & Knapp 1967:45 [ref. 20211], Böhlke 1984:140 [ref. 13621]. •Synonym of Percina nigrofasciata (Agassiz 1854) -- (Lee et al. 1980:730 [ref. 22416], Page 1983:33 [ref. 22189]). •Valid as Percina westfalli (Fowler 1942) -- (Hayes & Piller 2018:477 [ref. 37358], Bagley et al. 2023:322 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:204 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina westfalli (Fowler 1942). Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: Eastern North America: Apalachicola River basin eastward as far north as the Edisto River, South Carolina, and as far south as the St Johns River, Florida (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

williamsi, Percina Page [L. M.] & Near [T. J.] 2007:606, Fig. 1 [Copeia 2007 (no. 3); ref. 29260] 4.0 kilometers east of Broadford, County route 630, North Fork Holston River, Smyth County, Virginia, U.S.A. Holotype: UF 162590. Paratypes: UAIC 5953.14 (2); UF 162591 (1); UT 91.6349 (2); YPM 15471 (2), 15472 (1). •Valid as Percina williamsi Page & Near 2007 -- (Scharpf 2008:40 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:513 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:142 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:204 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina williamsi Page & Near 2007. Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: North America: upper Tennessee River drainage of Tennessee, Virginia and North Carolina (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

wrighti, Etheostoma McCormick [L. M.] 1892:30 [Laboratory bulletin / Oberlin College. No. 2; ref. 14515] Vermillion River, tributary of Lake Erie, near Oberlin, Lorain County, Ohio, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): OCM (not found). Type catalog: Collette & Knapp 1967:42 [ref. 20211]. •Synonym of Percina shumardi (Girard 1859) -- (Page 1983:45 [ref. 22189]). Current status: Synonym of Percina shumardi (Girard 1859). Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Habitat: freshwater.

zebra, Pileoma Agassiz [L.] 1850:308, Pl. 4 (fig. 4) [Lake Superior; ref. 66] Mouth of Pic River, Lake Superior. Syntypes: MCZ 24636 [ex USNM 1175 and MCZ 257] (2), MCZ 86592 [ex MCZ 24636] (1), UMMZ 86592 (1). •Synonym of Percina caprodes (Rafinesque 1818) -- (Page 1983:50 [ref. 22189], Smith 1986:339 [ref. 22186], Scott & Crossman 1998:800 [ref. 24570]). Current status: Synonym of Percina caprodes (Rafinesque 1818). Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Habitat: freshwater.