Please look in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes for authorships of sections, Families of Fishes (all), and related information.

Species in the genus Prionotus: [ 45 ] records

affinis, Prionotus Hildebrand [S. F.] & Schroeder [W. C.] 1928:315, Fig. 188 [Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries v. 43 (1927, pt 1); ref. 2163] Thomas Pt., off Kent Island, Maryland, U.S.A. Holotype: USNM 87654. Paratypes: USNM 131956 (1). •Synonym of Prionotus carolinus (Linnaeus 1771) -- (Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981]). Current status: Synonym of Prionotus carolinus (Linnaeus 1771). Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

alatus, Prionotus Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.] 1883:210 [Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 10 (no. 5); ref. 1838] Atlantic off Charleston, S.C., U.S.A., 32°31'50"N, 78°45'W, Blake station 313, depth 75 fathoms. Holotype (unique): MCZ 25862. •Valid as Prionotus alatus Goode & Bean 1883 -- (Ross 1983:38 [ref. 36592], Robins & Ray 1986:279 [ref. 23100], Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981], Boschung 1992:99 [ref. 23239], McClure & McEachran 1992 [ref. 20319], Richards & Miller 2003:1272 [ref. 27049], Nelson et al. 2004:116 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:58 [ref. 28815], Page et al. 2013:119 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:182 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Prionotus alatus Goode & Bean 1883. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: brackish, marine.

albirostris, Prionotus Jordan [D. S.] & Bollman [C. H.] 1890:168 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 12 (no. 770); ref. 2433] Off Pacific Coast of Colombia, 7°57'N, 78°55'W, Albatross station 2795, depth 33 fathoms. Syntypes: USNM 41162 (several, now 2). See also Richards & McCosker 1998:940 [ref. 23599]. •Valid as Prionotus albirostris Jordan & Bollman 1890 -- (Castro-Aguirre et al. 1993:86 [ref. 21807], Allen & Robertson 1994:102 [ref. 22193], Bussing & López S. 1994:84 [ref. 23101], Bussing in Fischer et al. 1995:1647 [ref. 22830], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:300 [ref. 24545], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:300 [ref. 24023] [in error -- see McCosker 1998:810 [ref. 24025]], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:264 [ref. 24555], González-Acosta & De la Cruz-Agüero 1999:40 [ref. 24505], Nelson et al. 2004:117 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:81 [ref. 37547], Page et al. 2013:119 [ref. 32708], Fourriére et al. 2016:457 [ref. 34668], Love et al. 2021:113 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:182 [ref. 40505], Siccha-Ramirez et al. 2023:376 [ref. 40816]). Current status: Valid as Prionotus albirostris Jordan & Bollman 1890. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Pacific coast of southern Baja California Sur (Mexico) south to northern Peru, including Gulf of California (Mexico) and Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). Habitat: marine.

alipionis, Prionotus Teague [G. W.] & Myers [G. S.] 1945:3, Figs. 1-2 [Boletim do Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro, Zoologia, Nova Série No. 31; ref. 13155] Paquetá Island, Distrito Federal, Guanabara Bay [Bay of Rio de Janeiro], Brazil. Holotype: MNRJ 6720. Additional material: (ca. 49) MNRJ 8347 (1) and MNRJ. Type catalog: Miranda Ribeiro 1961:6 [ref. 22040]. •Valid as Prionotus alipionis Teague & Myers 1945 -- (Nakamura in Nakamura et al. 1986:184 [ref. 14235]). •Synonym of Prionotus punctatus (Bloch 1793) -- (Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981]). Current status: Synonym of Prionotus punctatus (Bloch 1793). Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

altera, Lyra Plumier [C.] in Bloch 1793:125 [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 7; ref. 4868] Not available, manuscript name in the synonymy of Trigla punctata Bloch 1793. •In the synonymy of Prionotus punctatus Bloch 1793. Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Prionotus punctatus (Bloch 1793). Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: marine.

aspersus, Prionotus Meek [S. E.] & Hildebrand [S. F.] 1928:856, Pl. 83 [Field Museum of Natural History, Publications, Zoölogical Series v. 15 (publ. 249); ref. 2964] Mindi Cut, Canal Zone, Panama. Holotype: USNM 81613. Paratypes: FMNH 8495 [ex USNM 81614] (1), 8496 [ex USNM 81612] (1), 8497 [ex USNM 81610] (1); USNM 81610 (now 0), 81611-12 (1, 1), 81614 (1); plus 2 other specimens. Type catalog: Ibarra & Stewart 1987:69 [ref. 12367]. •Synonym of Prionotus punctatus (Bloch 1793) -- (Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981]). Current status: Synonym of Prionotus punctatus (Bloch 1793). Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

beanii, Prionotus Goode [G. B.] in Goode & Bean 1896:468, Pl. 112 (figs. 383, 383b) [Special Bulletin U. S. National Museum No. 2; ref. 1848] Off Trinidad Island, West Indies, 11°07'00"N, 62°14'30"W, Albatross station 2120, depth 73 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 39318. The caption to Pl. 112 is wrongly labeled Prionotus trinitatis. •Valid as Prionotus beanii Goode 1896 -- (Miller & Kent 1972:227 [ref. 25695], Uyeno & Sato in Uyeno et al. 1983:445 [ref. 14275], Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981], Cervigón 1991:305 [ref. 24472] as beani, Cervigón 1992:452 [ref. 23827], Aguilera 1998:48 [ref. 24221], Richards & Miller 2003:1272 [ref. 27049], Klautau et al. 2020:9 [ref. 37903], Carvalho-Filho 2023:105 [ref. 40480]). Current status: Valid as Prionotus beanii Goode 1896. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Honduras south to Bahia (Brazil), including southern Caribbean Sea. Habitat: marine.

birostratus, Prionotus Richardson [J.] 1844:no p., Pl. 42 (figs. 4-6) [Ichthyology.--Part 1. The zoology of the voyage of H. M. S. Sulphur; ref. 3739] Gulf of Fonseca, west coast of Central America. Available from plate. Text in Richardson 1845:81 [ref. 20574]. •Valid as Prionotus birostratus Richardson 1844 -- (Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981], Bussing & López S. 1994:84 [ref. 23101], Bussing in Fischer et al. 1995:1647 [ref. 22830], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:300 [ref. 24545], Nelson et al. 2004:117 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:81 [ref. 37547], Page et al. 2013:119 [ref. 32708], Love et al. 2021:114 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:182 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Prionotus birostratus Richardson 1844. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Pacific coast of southern Baja California Sur (Mexico) south to Ecuador, including Gulf of California (Mexico). Habitat: marine.

capella, Prionotus Miranda Ribeiro [A. de] 1916:Triglidae p. 4 [Arquivos do Museu Nacional de Rio de Janeiro v. 17; ref. 3711] Ila Grande; Rio Grande, Brazil; North America. On p. 596 when continuously paginated. Stated as, "substituto para Prionotus carolinus de Bloch and Prionotus punctatus Cuv. & Val., ambos preoccupados." Trigla carolina of Bloch 1790 and Prionotus punctatus of Cuvier 1829 are not original descriptions, so capella is not technically a replacement name. Types are those represented by the above literature and any available to Miranda Ribeiro. •Synonym of Prionotus punctatus (Bloch 1793) -- (Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981]). Current status: Synonym of Prionotus punctatus (Bloch 1793). Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

carolina, Trigla Linnaeus [C.] 1771:528 [Mantissa Plantarum altera; ref. 13301] Carolina, U.S.A. No types known. Paepke 1999:152 [ref. 24282] treats Trigla carolina Bloch 1793 apparently as independent of Linnaeus (not researched). •Valid as Prionotus carolinus (Linnaeus 1771) -- (Herrera 1896:64 [ref. 39336], Smith 1986:447 [ref. 22186], Robins & Ray 1986:279 [ref. 23100], Scott & Scott 1988:488 [ref. 25518], McAllis, Klein-MacPhee & McBride in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:340 [ref. 26158], Richards & Miller 2003:1273 [ref. 27049], Nelson et al. 2004:117 [ref. 27807], Page et al. 2013:119 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:182 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Prionotus carolinus (Linnaeus 1771). Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: brackish, marine.

crassiceps, Prionotus tribulus Ginsburg [I.] 1950:517 [Texas Journal of Science v. 2 (no. 4); ref. 12953] Off Port Arthur, Texas, U.S.A., 29°16'30"N, 94°10'00"W, depth 8 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 151940. Paratypes: USNM 22820 (1), 30165 (1), 30693 (1), 30910 (3), 30921 (1), 31053 (2), 39885 (2), 43065 (1), 44665 (1), 46292 (1), 86113 (2), 86141 (1), 86143 (1), 86145-47 (1, 1, 1), 91791 (1), 93621 (1), 118616 (5), 119826 (1) 120503 (1), 125415 (1), 127383 (3), 131932 (1), 132275 (3), 147788 (1), 155060-69 (1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1), 157415-23 (1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 2, 2), 157453-59 (4, 1, 9, 17, 41, 30, 2), 157518-21 (2, 12, 2, 3), 157528 (1). •Synonym of Prionotus tribulus Cuvier 1829, possibly a valid subspecies -- (Miller & Richards 1991:761 [ref. 15981]). Current status: Synonym of Prionotus tribulus Cuvier 1829. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: marine.

evolans, Trigla Linnaeus [C.] 1766:498 [Systema naturae sive regna tria naturae v. 1 (pt 1); ref. 2786] Carolina [South Carolina, U.S.A.] and Jamaica. Syntypes: LS [Garden no. 21] (right half-skin). Type information: Goode & Bean 1885:204 [ref. 1841], Wheeler 1985:45 [ref. 20705]. Named Trigla volitans by Euphrasen 1795:75 [ref. 30156]. Based on manuscript description and 1 specimen sent by A. Garden [South Carolina], and on the 'Trigla capite aculeato & squamoso ..., The smaller flying Trigla' of Browne 1756:453, Pl. 47, fig. 3 [ref. 30188] [Jamaica]. •Valid as Prionotus evolans (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Robins & Ray 1986:280 [ref. 23100], Scott & Scott 1988:488 [ref. 25518], McAllister 1990:190 [ref. 14674], Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981], Smith 1986:448 [ref. 22186], Murdy et al. 1997:144 [ref. 23144], Klein-MacPhee & McBride in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:343 [ref. 26158], Richards & Miller 2003:1273 [ref. 27049], Nelson et al. 2004:117 [ref. 27807], Page et al. 2013:120 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:182 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Prionotus evolans (Linnaeus 1766). Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: brackish, marine.

grisescens, Prionotus Teague [G. W.] 1951:14, Pl. 1 (figs. 1-2) [Comunicaciones Zoologicas del Museo de Historia Natural de Montevideo v. 3 (no. 61); ref. 12924] Tortugas Islands, Florida, Gulf of Mexico, U.S.A. Holotype: USNM 117269. Paratypes: USNM 111980 (11). •Questionably a synonym of Prionotus ophryas Jordan & Swain 1885 -- (Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981]). Current status: Uncertain as Prionotus ophryas Jordan & Swain 1885. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

horrens, Prionotus Richardson [J.] 1844:no p., Pl. 42 (figs. 1-3) [Ichthyology.--Part 1. The zoology of the voyage of H. M. S. Sulphur; ref. 3739] Gulf of Fonseca [Honduras, eastern Pacific]. Syntypes: BMNH 1855.9.19.83-85. Available from plate. Text in Richardson 1845:79 [ref. 20574]. •Valid as Prionotus horrens Richardson 1844 -- (Hiyama in Kumada 1937:56 [ref. 39147], Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981], Allen & Robertson 1994:103 [ref. 22193], Bussing & López S. 1994:86 [ref. 23101], Bussing in Fischer et al. 1995:1647 [ref. 22830], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:300 [ref. 24545], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:265 [ref. 24555], Nelson et al. 2004:117 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:81 [ref. 37547], Page et al. 2013:120 [ref. 32708], González-Murcia et al. 2019:306 [ref. 36544], Love et al. 2021:114 [ref. 39279], Siccha-Ramirez et al. 2023:377 [ref. 40816], Page et al. 2023:182 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Prionotus horrens Richardson 1844. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Pacific coast of southern Baja California Sur (Mexico) south to Peru, including Gulf of California (Mexico). IUCN (2010): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.

jamaicensis, Prionotus Teague [G. W.] 1951:48, Pl. 3 (figs. 4-5) [Comunicaciones Zoologicas del Museo de Historia Natural de Montevideo v. 3 (no. 61); ref. 12924] Jamaica. Holotype: USNM 30114. Paratypes: (1) USNM 30114 [ex Kingston Public Mus.]. •Synonym of Prionotus punctatus (Bloch 1793) -- (Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981]). Current status: Synonym of Prionotus punctatus (Bloch 1793). Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

latifrons, Prionotus scitulus Ginsburg [I.] 1950:504 [Texas Journal of Science v. 2 (no. 4); ref. 12953] Rockport, Texas, U.S.A. Holotype: USNM 118671. Paratypes: USNM 3215 (1), 5148 (1), 30195 (1), 44648 (1), 68615 (5), 118671 (1), 147802 (13), 155132-34 (1, 1, 1), 157460 (13), 157522-24 (1, 1, 1). •Synonym of Prionotus scitulus Jordan & Gilbert 1882, questionably a valid subspecies -- (Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981]). Current status: Synonym of Prionotus scitulus Jordan & Gilbert 1882. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: marine.

lineata, Trigla Mitchill [S. L.] 1815:430, Pl. 4 (fig. 4) [Transactions of the Literary and Philosophical Society of New-York v. 1 (art. 5) (for 1814); ref. 13292] New York, U.S.A. No types known. Probably not an original description but an identification of Trigla lineata Gmelin 1789. •Valid as Trigla linata Mitchill 1815 -- (Herrera 1896:64 [ref. 39336]). •Synonym of Prionotus evolans (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981], Richards & Miller 2003:1273 [ref. 27049]). Current status: Synonym of Prionotus evolans (Linnaeus 1766). Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

longipennis, Prionotus scitulus var. Delsman [H. C.] 1941:75 [Mémoires du Musée royal d'histoire naturelle de Belgique (Ser. 2) No. 21; ref. 13171] West Atlantic, off Santa Margarita, Venezuela; Dry Tortugas; and coast of Florida, U.S.A. Syntypes: IRSNB 58-60 (1, 1, 7). Type catalog: Walschaerts 1987:24-25 [ref. 20755]. •Synonym of Prionotus roseus Jordan & Evermann 1887 -- (Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981]). Current status: Synonym of Prionotus roseus Jordan & Evermann 1887. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

longispinosus, Prionotus Teague [G. W.] 1951:54, Pl. 4 (figs. 6-7) [Comunicaciones Zoologicas del Museo de Historia Natural de Montevideo v. 3 (no. 61); ref. 12924] Gulf of Mexico. Holotype (unique): AMNH 8189. •Valid as Prionotus longispinosus Teague 1951 -- (Robins & Ray 1986:280 [ref. 23100], Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981], Boschung 1992:100 [ref. 23239], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:243 [ref. 24550], Richards & Miller 2003:1273 [ref. 27049], Nelson et al. 2004:117 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:59 [ref. 28815], Page et al. 2013:120 [ref. 32708], Bagley et al. 2023:322 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:182 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Prionotus longispinosus Teague 1951. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: brackish, marine.

maculatus, Prionotus Teague [G. W.] 1951:56, Pl. 5 (figs. 8-9) [Comunicaciones Zoologicas del Museo de Historia Natural de Montevideo v. 3 (no. 61); ref. 12924] Coast of Louisiana, Gulf of Mexico, 28°09'N, 91°32'W, U.S.A. Holotype: USNM 111593. Paratypes: USNM 111594 (2). •Synonym of Prionotus longispinosus Teague 1951 -- (Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981]). Current status: Synonym of Prionotus longispinosus Teague 1951. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

martis, Prionotus Ginsburg [I.] 1950:502 [Texas Journal of Science v. 2 (no. 4); ref. 12953] Off Sabine Pass, Texas, U.S.A., 28°37'30"N, 93°45'30"W, depth 18 fathoms. Holotype: 151938. Paratypes: USNM 118946 (2), 134941 (1), 142835 (10), 152885-88 (1, 23, 2, 13). •Valid as Prionotus martis Ginsburg 1950 -- (Ross 1983:19 [ref. 36592], Robins & Ray 1986:280 [ref. 23100], Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981], Boschung 1992:100 [ref. 23239], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:244 [ref. 24550], Richards & Miller 2003:1274 [ref. 27049], Nelson et al. 2004:117 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:60 [ref. 28815], Page et al. 2013:120 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:182 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Prionotus martis Ginsburg 1950. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: brackish, marine.

microlepis, Prionotus Longley [W. H.] & Hildebrand [S. F.] 1940:254, Fig. 16 [Papers Tortugas Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington v. 32; ref. 2822] West of White Shoal, Tortugas, Florida, U.S.A., depth 7.5-11 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 108869. Paratypes: (25) USNM 117267 (23). •Synonym of Prionotus roseus Jordan & Evermann 1887 -- (Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981]). Current status: Synonym of Prionotus roseus Jordan & Evermann 1887. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

miles, Prionotus Jenyns [L.] 1840:29, Pl. 6 [The zoology of the voyage of H. M. S. Beagle; ref. 2344] San Cristóbal Island [Chatham Island], Galapagos Islands. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1917.7.14.75. •Valid as Prionotus miles Jenyns 1840 -- (Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981], Allen & Robertson 1994:103 [ref. 22193], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:298 [ref. 24023], Richards & McCosker 1998:940 [ref. 23599], McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:191 [ref. 30957], Grove et al. 2022:21 [ref. 41326]). Current status: Valid as Prionotus miles Jenyns 1840. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Galapagos Islands (Ecuador) endemic. IUCN (2022): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.

murieli, Prionotus Mowbray [W. H.] in Borodin 1928:26, Pl. 5 (fig. 2) [Bulletin Vanderbilt Oceanographic Museum v. 1 (art. 1); ref. 526] Cay Sal Bank, Bahamas, depth 8 fathoms. Holotype (unique): VMM unnumbered (now at AMNH). Named after a woman so the correct species epithet would be murielae (ICZN Art. 31.1.2). •Valid as Prionotus murieli Mowbray 1928 -- (Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981], Richards & Miller 2003:1274 [ref. 27049], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:61 [ref. 28815]). •Status uncertain -- (Miller & Richards 1991:757 [ref. 15981]). •Synonym of Prionotus ophyras Jordan & Swain 1885 -- (Victor & Ianniello 2020:76 [ref. 37955]). Current status: Synonym of Prionotus ophyras Jordan & Swain 1885. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

nudigula, Prionotus Ginsburg [I.] 1950:516 [Texas Journal of Science v. 2 (no. 4); ref. 12953] Off Rio de la Plata, Argentina, 36°43'S, 56°23'W, Albatross station 2765, depth 10.5 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 77323. Paratypes: USNM 77324 (1), 152884 (3). •Valid as Prionotus nudigula Ginsburg 1950 -- (Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981], Andreata & Séret 1996:585 [ref. 16204], Piacentino 1996:8 [ref. 25655], Cousseau & Perrotta 2000:90 [ref. 25942], López et al. 2002:64 [ref. 26808], Moura & Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:74 [ref. 27192], Bovcon et al. 2010:[5] 836 [ref. 41480], Mabragaña et al. 2011:table S2 [ref. 31800], Costa et al. 2015:1061 [ref. 37495], Nión et al. 2016:45 [ref. 35565] with author as Guinsburg, Spier et al. 2018:9 [ref. 36103], Ribeiro et al. 2019:8 [ref. 36717], Carvalho-Filho 2023:104 [ref. 40480]). Current status: Valid as Prionotus nudigula Ginsburg 1950. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Southwestern Atlantic: Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) south to Bahia Blanca (Argentina). Habitat: marine.

ophryas, Prionotus Jordan [D. S.] & Swain [J.] 1885:542 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 7 (no. 465); ref. 10649] Pensacola, Florida, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): USNM 36944. •Valid as Prionotus ophryas Jordan & Swain 1885 -- (Ross 1983:23 [ref. 36592], Robins & Ray 1986:280 [ref. 23100], Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981], Cervigón 1991:299 [ref. 24472], Boschung 1992:100 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:452 [ref. 23827], Aguilera 1998:48 [ref. 24221], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:156 [ref. 27754] dated 1884, Richards & Miller 2003:1274 [ref. 27049], Nelson et al. 2004:117 [ref. 27807], Dennis et al. 2004:74 [ref. 31601], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:62 [ref. 28815], Page et al. 2013:120 [ref. 32708], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:37 [ref. 33341], Klautau et al. 2020:9 [ref. 37903], Victor & Ianniello 2020:76 [ref. 37955], Page et al. 2023:182 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Prionotus ophryas Jordan & Swain 1885. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: North Carolina (U.S.A.) south to Venezuela, including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. IUCN (2015): Least Concern. Habitat: brackish, marine.

palmipes, Trigla Mitchill [S. L.] 1815:431, Pl. 4 [Transactions of the Literary and Philosophical Society of New-York v. 1 (art. 5) (for 1814); ref. 13292] New York Harbor, New York, U.S.A. No types known. •Synonym of Prionotus carolinus (Linnaeus 1771) -- (Smith 1986:447 [ref. 22186], Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981]). Current status: Synonym of Prionotus carolinus (Linnaeus 1771). Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

paralatus, Prionotus Ginsburg [I.] 1950:522 [Texas Journal of Science v. 2 (no. 4); ref. 12953] Off Padre Island, Texas, U.S.A., 26°34'N, 96°32'W, depth 45 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 151939. Paratypes: USNM 86149 (2), 155070-73 (1, 1, 2, 4). •Valid as Prionotus paralatus Ginsburg 1950 -- (Miller & Kent 1972:225 [ref. 25695], Robins & Ray 1986:279 [ref. 23100], Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981], Boschung 1992:100 [ref. 23239], McClure & McEachran 1992 [ref. 20319], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:243 [ref. 24550], Richards & Miller 2003:1275 [ref. 27049], Nelson et al. 2004:117 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:63 [ref. 28815], Page et al. 2013:120 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:182 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Prionotus paralatus Ginsburg 1950. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Gulf of Mexico endemic (U.S.A., Mexico, Cuba). IUCN (2015): Least concern. Habitat: marine.

pectoralis, Prionotus miles Nichols [J. T.] & Breder [C. M., Jr.] 1924:22 [Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington v. 37; ref. 15461] Off Aransas Pass, Texas, U.S.A., 27°48'N, 97°00'W, depth 6-7 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 86168. •Synonym of Prionotus rubio Jordan 1886 -- (Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:245 [ref. 24550]). Current status: Synonym of Prionotus rubio Jordan 1886. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

pileatus, Prionotus Storer [D. H.] 1845:77 [Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History v. 2 (1845-1848); ref. 18839] Massachusetts Bay, Massachusetts, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Prionotus carolinus (Linnaeus 1771) -- (Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981] as pilatus). Current status: Synonym of Prionotus carolinus (Linnaeus 1771). Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

punctata, Trigla Bloch [M. E.] 1793:125, Pl. 353 [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 7; ref. 4868] Martinique Island, West Indies. No types known. Type catalog: Paepke & Fricke 1992:277 [ref. 19946] wrongly with a holotype, Paepke 1999:152 [ref. 24282]. On p. 100 of Bloch's Ichthyologie, v. 10 [ref. 21381]. •Valid as Prionotus punctatus (Bloch 1793) -- (Herrera 1896:64 [ref. 39336], Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981], Cervigón 1991:303 [ref. 24472], Cervigón 1992:453 [ref. 23827], Andreata & Séret 1996:585 [ref. 16204] dated 1797, Piacentino 1996:8 [ref. 25655], Aguilera 1998:48 [ref. 24221], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:242 [ref. 24550], López et al. 2002:64 [ref. 26808], Richards & Miller 2003:1275 [ref. 27049], Moura & Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:74 [ref. 27192], Nelson et al. 2004:117 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:64 [ref. 28815], García-Hernández et al. 2009:92 [ref. 37265], Mabragaña et al. 2011:table S2 [ref. 31800], Page et al. 2013:120 [ref. 32708], Catelani et al. 2014:933 [ref. 37496], Fabiano et al. 2014:8 [ref. 33530], Nión et al. 2016:45 [ref. 35565], Marceniuk et al. 2017:40 [ref. 35324], Spier et al. 2018:9 [ref. 36103], Ribeiro et al. 2019:8 [ref. 36717], Caires et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:614 [ref. 38945], Carvalho-Filho 2023:104 [ref. 40480], Hoff et al. 2023:8 [ref. 40463], Page et al. 2023:182 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Prionotus punctatus (Bloch 1793). Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Mexico south to Argentina, including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. Habitat: brackish, marine.

quiescens, Prionotus Jordan [D. S.] & Bollman [C. H.] 1890:166 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 12 (no. 770); ref. 2433] Off Pacific coast of Colombia, Gulf of Panama. Syntypes: BMNH 1900.7.11.9 (1); ?CAS-SU 5852 (5), USNM 41135 (1), 41139 (1), 41152-53 (1, 3), 41163 (1), 41195-96 (2, 1), 41241 (3), 41386 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:124-125 [ref. 12291]. •Valid as Prionotus quiescens Jordan & Bollman 1890 -- (Hiyama in Kumada 1937:56 [ref. 39147], Pequeño 1989:57 [ref. 14125]). •Questionably a synonym of Prionotus stephanophrys Lockington 1881 -- (Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981]). •Mention as Prionotus quiescens Jordan & Bollman 1890 -- (Castro-Aguirre et al. 1993:89 [ref. 21807], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:298 [ref. 24023]). •Synonym of Prionotus stephanophrys Lockington 1881 -- (Franke & Acero P. 1996:766 [ref. 22923], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:264 [ref. 24555], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:245 [ref. 24550]). Current status: Synonym of Prionotus stephanophrys Lockington 1881. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

roseus, Prionotus Jordan [D. S.] & Evermann [B. W.] 1887:470 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 9 (no. 586); ref. 2441] Off Tampa Bay, Florida, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): USNM 37989. •Valid as Prionotus roseus Jordan & Evermann 1887 -- (Ross 1983:26 [ref. 36592], Uyeno & Sato in Uyeno et al. 1983:443 [ref. 14275], Robins & Ray 1986:280 [ref. 23100], Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981], Cervigón 1991:300 [ref. 24472], Boschung 1992:100 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:453 [ref. 23827], Aguilera 1998:48 [ref. 24221], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:244 [ref. 24550], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:156 [ref. 27754], Richards & Miller 2003:1275 [ref. 27049], Moura & Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:74 [ref. 27192], Nelson et al. 2004:117 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:65 [ref. 28815], Page et al. 2013:120 [ref. 32708], Caires et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:615 [ref. 38945], Carvalho-Filho 2023:105 [ref. 40480], Page et al. 2023:182 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Prionotus roseus Jordan & Evermann 1887. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: North Carolina (U.S.A.) south to Rio de Janeiro (Brazil), including Gulf of Mexico, and southern and eastern Caribbean Sea. IUCN (2015): Least Concern. Habitat: brackish, marine.

rubio, Prionotus Jordan [D. S.] 1886:50 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 9 (no. 551); ref. 2386] Havana, Cuba. Lectotype: CAS 29107 [ex IU 87]. New name for Prionotus punctatus of some authors, including Jordan & Gilbert 1883:956 [ref. 2476]. Lectotype selected by Miller & Richards 1991:759 [ref. 15981]. •Valid as Prionotus rubio Jordan 1886 -- (Ross 1983:44 [ref. 36592], Robins & Ray 1986:280 [ref. 23100], Miller & Richards 1991:759 [ref. 15981], Cervigón 1991:304 [ref. 24472], Boschung 1992:101 [ref. 23239], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:245 [ref. 24550], Richards & Miller 2003:1276 [ref. 27049], Nelson et al. 2004:117 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:66 [ref. 28815], Bagley et al. 2023:322 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:182 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Prionotus rubio Jordan 1886. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: brackish, marine.

ruscarius, Prionotus Gilbert [C. H.] & Starks [E. C.] 1904:165, Pl. 27 (figs. 50-50a) [Memoirs of the California Academy of Sciences v. 4; ref. 1639] Panama. Holotype: CAS-SU 6488. Paratypes: BMNH 1903.5.15.81-83 (3?); CAS-SU 6488 (1), 6967 (2); USNM 50380 (1); ZMB 16008 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:125 [ref. 12291], Paepke & Fricke 1992:277 [ref. 19946]. Holotype established in caption to Pl. 27. •Valid as Prionotus ruscarius Gilbert & Starks 1904 -- (Pequeño 1989:57 [ref. 14125], Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1993:88 [ref. 21807], Bussing & López S. 1994:86 [ref. 23101], Bussing in Fischer et al. 1995:1648 [ref. 22830], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:300 [ref. 24545], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:265 [ref. 24555], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:246 [ref. 24550], Nelson et al. 2004:117 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:82 [ref. 37547], Page et al. 2013:120 [ref. 32708], Robertson et al. 2017:79 [ref. 35676], González-Murcia et al. 2019:306 [ref. 36544], Robertson et al. 2020:142 [ref. 37769], Love et al. 2021:114 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:182 [ref. 40505], Siccha-Ramirez et al. 2023:378 [ref. 40816]). Current status: Valid as Prionotus ruscarius Gilbert & Starks 1904. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Pacific coast of southern Baja California Sur (Mexico) south to Chile, including Gulf of California (Mexico). Habitat: marine.

salmonicolor, Merulinus Fowler [H. W.] 1903:333 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 55; ref. 15028] New River, Dade County, Florida, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): ANSP 24343. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:164 [ref. 13621]. •Valid as Prionotus salmonicolor (Fowler 1903) -- (Ross 1983:33 [ref. 36592]). •Synonym of Prionotus rubio Jordan 1886 -- (Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:245 [ref. 24550]). Current status: Synonym of Prionotus rubio Jordan 1886. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

sarritor, Prionotus Jordan [D. S.] & Gilbert [C. H.] 1883:615 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 5 (no. 328); ref. 2473] North/South Carolina coast, U.S.A. Syntypes: USNM 29675 (1). •Synonym of Prionotus evolans (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981], Richards & Miller 2003:1273 [ref. 27049]). Current status: Synonym of Prionotus evolans (Linnaeus 1766). Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

scitulus, Prionotus Jordan [D. S.] & Gilbert [C. H.] 1882:288 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 5 (no. 282); ref. 2472] Pensacola, Florida and Beaufort, North Carolina, U.S.A. Syntypes: USNM 15148 (1) Florida. Based on Prionotus punctatus (non Bloch 1793) of Jordan & Gilbert 1879:373 [ref. 2465], and on one specimen; authors state the "The original types were obtained by us at Beaufort..." •Valid as Prionotus scitulus Jordan & Gilbert 1882 -- (Ross 1983:9 [ref. 36592], Robins & Ray 1986:280 [ref. 23100], Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981], Boschung 1992:101 [ref. 23239], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:244 [ref. 24550], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:156 [ref. 27754], Richards & Miller 2003:1276 [ref. 27049], Nelson et al. 2004:117 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:67 [ref. 28815], García-Hernández et al. 2009:92 [ref. 37265], Page et al. 2013:120 [ref. 32708], Bagley et al. 2023:322 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:182 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Prionotus scitulus Jordan & Gilbert 1882. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Virginia (U.S.A.) and Bermuda south to Florida (U.S.A.) and Bahamas south to southern Argentina, including northern, western and southern Gulf of Mexico, to northern Quintana Roo (Mexico). IUCN (2015): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.

stearnsi, Prionotus Jordan [D. S.] & Swain [J.] 1885:541 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 7 (no. 465); ref. 10649] Pensacola, Florida, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): USNM 36943. •Valid as Prionotus stearnsi Jordan & Swain 1885 -- (Ross 1983:42 [ref. 36592], Uyeno & Sato in Uyeno et al. 1983:444 [ref. 14275] as stearnsii, Robins & Ray 1986:281 [ref. 23100], Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981], Cervigón 1991:302 [ref. 24472], Boschung 1992:101 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:453 [ref. 23827], Aguilera 1998:48 [ref. 24221], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:245 [ref. 24550], Richards & Miller 2003:1276 [ref. 27049], Nelson et al. 2004:117 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:68 [ref. 28815], Page et al. 2013:120 [ref. 32708], Klautau et al. 2020:9 [ref. 37903], Page et al. 2023:182 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Prionotus stearnsi Jordan & Swain 1885. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

stephanophrys, Prionotus Lockington [W. N.] 1881:529 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 3 (no. 182); ref. 17553] Point Reyes, near San Francisco, California, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): USNM 27048. •Valid as Prionotus stephanophrys Lockington 1881 -- (Eschmeyer & Herald 1983:154 [ref. 9277], Meléndez C. 1987:1 [ref. 37227], Pequeño 1989:57 [ref. 14125], Miller & Richards 1991:760 [ref. 15981], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1993:89 [ref. 21807], Allen & Robertson 1994:103 [ref. 22193], Bussing & López S. 1994:84 [ref. 23101], Bussing in Fischer et al. 1995:1648 [ref. 22830], Franke & Acero P. 1996:766 [ref. 22923], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:300 [ref. 24545], De la Cruz-Agüero & Cota-Gómez 1998:357 [ref. 23520], Richards & McCosker 1998:940 [ref. 23599], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:264 [ref. 24555], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:245 [ref. 24550], Lea & Rosenblatt 2000:121 [ref. 25206], Nelson et al. 2004:117 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:82 [ref. 37547], McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:191 [ref. 30957], Page et al. 2013:120 [ref. 32708], Galván-Villa et al. 2016:145 [ref. 34871], Kells et al. 2016:156 [ref. 35888], Robertson et al. 2017:80 [ref. 35676], Burton & Lea 2019:63 [ref. 37205], González-Murcia et al. 2019:306 [ref. 36544], Robertson et al. 2020:142 [ref. 37769], Walker et al. 2020:4 [ref. 37499], Love et al. 2021:114 [ref. 39279], Grove et al. 2022:21 [ref. 41326], Page et al. 2023:182 [ref. 40505], Siccha-Ramirez et al. 2023:379 [ref. 40816]). Current status: Valid as Prionotus stephanophrys Lockington 1881. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Washington (U.S.A.) south to Chile, including Gulf of California (Mexico) and Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). Habitat: brackish, marine.

strigata, Trigla Cuvier [G.] 1829:161 [Le Règne Animal (Edition 2) v. 2; ref. 995] New York, U.S.A. Cuvier specimens: MNHN 0000-7014 (1) New York, A-0620 (1) New York. Type catalog: Blanc & Hureau 1968:33 [ref. 20738] dated to ref. 998. Available from footnote as, "Tr. strigata, Nob., evolans, Lin., ou lineata Mitchill., Trans. de New-Y., I, pl. iv, f. 4." Also in Cuvier in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829:86 [ref. 998] as Prionotus strigatus. •Synonym of Prionotus evolans (Linnaeus 1766). Current status: Synonym of Prionotus evolans (Linnaeus 1766). Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

teaguei, Prionotus Briggs [J. C.] 1956:101, Fig. 2 [Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Sciences v. 19 (nos 2-3); ref. 12181] 14 miles southeast of Judas Point, Costa Rica, eastern Pacific, 9°19'32"N, 84°29'30"W. Holotype: CAS-SU 46380 [ex NYZS]. Type catalog: Mead 1958:134 [ref. 20648]. •Status uncertain, based on a juvenile -- (Miller & Richards 1991:761 [ref. 15981]). •Valid as Prionotus teaguei Briggs 1956 -- (Bussing & López S. 1994:84 [ref. 23101], Bussing in Fischer et al. 1995:1648 [ref. 22830]). Current status: Valid as Prionotus teaguei Briggs 1956. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Costa Rica south to Colombia. Habitat: marine.

tribulus, Prionotus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829:98, Pl. 74 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 4; ref. 998] New York; Carolinas, U.S.A. Syntypes: MNHN 0000-5241 (2) New York, 0000-6881 (2) New York, 0000-6943 (2) New York, 0000-6944 (2) New York; SMF 1378 [ex MNHN in 1830] (1) New York; ZMB 680 (1) Carolina. Type catalog: Blanc & Hureau 1968:33-34 [ref. 20738], Paepke & Fricke 1992:277 [ref. 19946]. •Valid as Prionotus tribulus Cuvier 1829 -- (Ross 1983:15 [ref. 36592], Robins & Ray 1986:281 [ref. 23100], Miller & Richards 1991:761 [ref. 15981], Boschung 1992:101 [ref. 23239], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:242 [ref. 24550], Richards & Miller 2003:1277 [ref. 27049], Nelson et al. 2004:117 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:69 [ref. 28815], García-Hernández et al. 2009:92 [ref. 37265], Page et al. 2013:120 [ref. 32708], Raz-Guzmán et al. 2018:346 [ref. 36407], Bagley et al. 2023:322 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:182 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Prionotus tribulus Cuvier 1829. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: including Gulf of Mexico. Habitat: marine.

trinitatis, Prionotus Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.] 1896:no page number, Pl. 112 (fig. 383) [Special Bulletin U. S. National Museum No. 2; ref. 1848] Appears in error only in caption for Fig. 383 which corresponds to P. beanii on p. 468. •In the synonymy of Prionotus beanii Goode 1896 -- (Miller & Richards 1991:761 [ref. 15981]). Current status: Synonym of Prionotus beanii Goode 1896. Triglidae: Prionotinae.

vanderbilti, Prionotus Teague [G. W.] 1951:46, Pl. 2 (fig. 3) [Comunicaciones Zoologicas del Museo de Historia Natural de Montevideo v. 3 (no. 61); ref. 12924] Fisher's Island, off Miami, Biscayne Bay, Florida, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): VMM 1305. •Synonym of Prionotus rubio Jordan 1886 -- (Miller & Richards 1991:761 [ref. 15981]). Current status: Synonym of Prionotus rubio Jordan 1886. Triglidae: Prionotinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.