Please look in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes for authorships of sections, Families of Fishes (all), and related information.

Species in the genus Scardinius: [ 34 ] records

acarnanicus, Scardinius Economidis [P. S.] (ex Stephanidis) 1991:16 [Check list of freshwater fishes of Greece; ref. 23018] Acheleoos River and lakes Trichonis, Lyssimachia, Ozeros, and Amvrakia, Acheleoos River basin, Greece. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Appeared first as Scardinius scardafa plotizza forma acarnanicus Stephanidis 1939:26, Pl. 4 [ref. 21156] and Schmidt-Ries [ex Stephanidis] 1943:333 [ref. 23019] as infrasubspecific and not available. Dates to Economidis as above by reference to Stephanidis 1939. •Valid as Scardinius acarnanicus Economidis 1991 -- (Kottelat 1997:82 [ref. 22952], Bianco et al. 2001:115 [ref. 26729], Ketmaier et al. 2003:13 [ref. 26727] but wrongly dating to Stephanidis 1939, Bianco & Kottelat 2005:234 [ref. 29332], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:251 [ref. 29996], Perea et al. 2010:14 [ref. 31802], Barbieri et al. 2015:63 [ref. 35029], Karataş et al. 2016:130 [ref. 34987]). Current status: Valid as Scardinius acarnanicus Economidis 1991. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Greece. Habitat: freshwater.

acarnanicus, Scardinius scardafa plotizza forma Stephanidis [A.] 1939:26 [The freshwater fishes of northern Greece and the island of Corfu.; ref. 21156] Infrasubspecific, not available. Also infrasubspecific in Schmidt-Ries [ex Stephanidis] 1943:333 [ref. 23019]. •In the synonymy of Scardinius acarnanicus Economidis 1991. Infrasubspecific. Current status: Synonym of Scardinius acarnanicus Economidis 1991. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae.

achrus, Scardinius erythrophthalmus var. Stephanidis [A.] 1950:206 [Praktika tes Akademias Athenon v. 18; ref. 12807] Cholorema River near Almiros, Thessalia, Greece. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:83 [ref. 22952], Barbieri et al. 2015:64 [ref. 35029]). Current status: Synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Greece (possibly valid, extirpated). Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

apollonitis, Leuciscus Richardson [J.] 1857:374 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1856 (pt 24) (art. 2); ref. 18632] Lake Apollonitis [Apulyont], northwestern Turkey. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1856.5.2.6. •Synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:83 [ref. 22952], Bogutskaya 1997:179 [ref. 23566]). Current status: Synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

caeruleus, Leuciscus Yarrell [W.] 1837:8, Pl. 2 (fig. 2) [The Transactions of the Linnean Society of London v. 17 (art. 2); ref. 17749] Knowsley Park, England. No types known. •Synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:83 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

compressus, Cyprinus Hollberg [L.] 1822:66, Fig. [Beskrifning öfver Bohuslänske fiskarne v. 5; ref. 18297] Canals in Götheborg, Sweden. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Based on Cyprinus americanus of Gmelin and Lacepède. •Synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:83 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

crocophthalmus, Scardinius Walecki [A.] 1863:364 [Biblioteka Warszawska, Wiadomosci Z Nauk [Science News] v. 4; ref. 22954] Apparently an unneeded new name for Cyprinus erythrophthalmus Linnaeus 1758. •Synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:83 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

dergle, Scardinius Heckel [J. J.] & Kner [R.] 1857:156, Fig. 81 [Die Süsswasserfische der Österreichischen Monarchie; ref. 2078] Kerka and Zermagna rivers, Dalmatia [Croatia], Livno, Bosnia, Yugoslavia. Syntypes: NMW 51753-54 (2, 3), 51676 (6). Appeared first in Kner 1843:1037 (p. 47 of separate) [ref. 2066] as name only with locality; not available. •Synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:83 [ref. 22952], Bianco & Kottelat 2005:234 [ref. 29332]). •Valid as Scardinius dergle Heckel & Kner 1857 -- (Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:251 [ref. 29996], Zupančič 2008:40 [ref. 29926], Ćaleta et al. 2015:90 [ref. 34877], Karataş et al. 2016:130 [ref. 34987], Ćaleta et al. 2019:165 [ref. 37026]). Current status: Valid as Scardinius dergle Heckel & Kner 1857. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Southeastern Europe: Adriatic basin, Balcans. Habitat: freshwater.

dojranensis, Scardinius erythrophthalmus var. Karaman [S.] 1924:60 [Pisces Macedoniae; ref. 15902] Lake Dojran, Republic of Macedonia. Syntypes: (several) IEBMT. •Synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:83 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

elmaliensis, Scardinius erythrophthalmus Bogutskaya [N. G.] 1997:180 [Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut v. 94; ref. 23566] Elmali, in Vilayet Antalya, southern Turkey. Holotype: ZMH 8863. Paratypes: ZMH 1158 (2). •Synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758), but presumed valid as a subspecies as described. •Valid as Scardinius elmaliensis Bogutskaya 1997 -- (Fricke et al. 2007:47 [ref. 29533], Çiçek et al. 2015:147 [ref. 35151], Karataş et al. 2016:130 [ref. 34987], Çiçek et al. 2018:14 [ref. 36267], Çiçek et al. 2020:253 [ref. 37644], Çiçek et al. 2023:408 [ref. 40625], Çiçek et al. 2024:252 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Scardinius elmaliensis Bogutskaya 1997. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Asia Minor: Karagöl tributary (Mediterranean tributary), Antalya Province (Turkey). Habitat: freshwater.

erythrophthalmus, Cyprinus Linnaeus [C.] 1758:324 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Northern Europe. No types known. Type catalog: Wheeler 1985:31 [ref. 20705]. Neotype designated by Fricke 1999:26 [ref. 24101], but withdrawn in Fricke 2000:639 [ref. 24537]. Spelled erythrophtalmus by Bonnaterre 1788:199 [ref. 4940]. Spelled erythrohpthalmus by Linnaeus 1766:530 [ref. 2786]. •Valid as Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Berg 1949:593 [ref. 20661], Vuković et al. 1971:80 [ref. 42062], Lee et al. 1980:360 [ref. 22416], Coad 1981:12 [ref. 22348], Smith 1986:124 [ref. 22186], Lelek 1987:236 [ref. 22962], Mitrofanov et al. 1987:148 [ref. 37731], Paulin et al. 1989:81 [ref. 24556], Page & Burr 1991:65 [ref. 18983], Stauffer et al. 1995:165 [ref. 23376], Cross & Collins 1995:112 [ref. 23394], Coad 1995:20 [ref. 23608], Chereshnev 1996:601 [ref. 24659], Kottelat 1997:83 [ref. 22952], Bogutskaya 1997:179 [ref. 23566], Reshetnikov et al. 1997:741 [ref. 24702], Bogutskaya 1998:71 [ref. 23589], Coad 1998:102 [ref. 23869], Scott & Crossman 1998:ix [ref. 24570], Briolay et al. 1998:101 [ref. 25586], Fricke 1999:26 [ref. 24101], Fuller et al. 1999:151 [ref. 25838], Azeroual et al. 2000:20 [ref. 25366], Lyons et al. 2000:65 [ref. 26594], Bogutskaya et al. 2001:43 [ref. 26178], Bianco et al. 2001:115 [ref. 26729], Bianco & Ketmaier 2001:194 [ref. 26728], Ketmaier et al. 2003:13 [ref. 26727], Nelson et al. 2004:77 [ref. 27807], Hanel 2003:49 [ref. 27894], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:88 [ref. 28183], Vassilev & Pehlivanov 2005:171 [ref. 28369], Bianco & Kottelat 2005:234 [ref. 29332] as cf. erythrophthalmus, Hanel & Lusk 2005:204 [ref. 28804], Scharpf 2005:40 [ref. 28940], Fricke 2007:28 [ref. 30577], Fricke et al. 2007:47 [ref. 29533], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:252 [ref. 29996], Ninua & Japoshvili 2008:167 [ref. 31251], Perea et al. 2010:14 [ref. 31802], Esmaeili et al. 2010:371 [ref. 33391], Page & Burr 2011:156 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:78 [ref. 32708], Bianco 2013:2 [ref. 32897], Parin et al. 2014:94 [ref. 33547], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:879 [ref. 34062], McDowall & Stewart 2015:318 [ref. 34241], Barbieri et al. 2015:64 [ref. 35029], Çiçek et al. 2015:147 [ref. 35151], Karataş et al. 2016:129 [ref. 34987], Esmaeili et al. 2018:36 [ref. 36089], Fricke et al. 2018:59 [ref. 35805], Ćaleta et al. 2019:165 [ref. 37026], Lorenzoni et al. 2019:252 [ref. 37108], Özuluğ & Saç 2019:31 [ref. 36599], Çiçek et al. 2020:253 [ref. 37644], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:146 [ref. 37983], Kuljanishvili et al. 2020:[6] [ref. 37535], Pozdeev et al. 2022:5 [ref. 39511], Bagley et al. 2023:315 [ref. 41241], Çiçek et al. 2023:37 [ref. 40326], Çiçek et al. 2023:408 [ref. 40625], Dyldin et al. 2023:[35] [ref. 40328], Nagy et al. 2023:357 [ref. 40348], Page et al. 2023:76 [ref. 40505], Çiçek et al. 2024:253 [ref. 40789], Fricke et al. 2024:179 [ref. 41622], Artaev et al. 2025:24 [ref. 42057]). Current status: Valid as Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Europe. Introduced elsewhere. Hybridizes with Phoxinellus alepidotus Heckel 1843. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

erythrops, Cyprinus Pallas [P. S.] 1814:317 [Zoographia Rosso-Asiatica v. 3; ref. 3351] Siberia and Russia. No types known. •Synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:83 [ref. 22952], Bogutskaya 1997:179 [ref. 23566], Bogutskaya 1998:71 [ref. 23589]). Current status: Synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

fuscus, Cyprinus Vallot [J.-N.] 1837:146 [Ichthyologie française, ou histoire naturelle des poissons d'eau douce de la France.; ref. 17873] Market, ?Dijon, France. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:83 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

graecus, Scardinius Stephanidis [A.] 1937:266, Pl. 2 [Acta Instituti et Musei Zoologici Universitatis Atheniensis v. 1 (fasc. 9-10); ref. 15303] Lake Yliki near Thelbes, Greece. Syntypes: (several) whereabouts unknown. •Valid as Scardinius graecus Stephanidis 1937 -- (Lelek 1987:236 [ref. 22962], Kottelat 1997:84 [ref. 22952], Bianco et al. 2001:115 [ref. 26729], Ketmaier et al. 2003:13 [ref. 26727], Bianco & Kottelat 2005:234 [ref. 29332], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:253 [ref. 29996], Perea et al. 2010:14 [ref. 31802], Barbieri et al. 2015:64 [ref. 35029], Karataş et al. 2016:130 [ref. 34987]). Current status: Valid as Scardinius graecus Stephanidis 1937. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Greece. Habitat: freshwater.

heegeri, Leuciscus Bonaparte [C. L.] 1839:fasc. 24, punt. 125, Pl. 114 (fig. 3) [Iconografia della fauna italica; ref. 4895] Stream in Istria, Croatia. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. Puntata written as 126 on first page, corrected to 125 in index. Appeared as name only in Agassiz 1835:38 [ref. 22]. •Questionably a synonym of Scardinius scardafa (Bonaparte 1837) -- (Kottelat 1997:84 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Uncertain as Scardinius scardafa (Bonaparte 1837). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

heegeri, Scardinius Bonaparte [C. L.] 1845:10, 17 [Catalogo metodico dei Ciprinidi d'Europa, ...; ref. 13472] Dalmatia, Croatia. No types known. Appeared under section a. Heegerius of genus 17. Scardinius as "88. S. Heegeri, Bp. (Heegerius typus, Bp.)..." and on p. 17 as L. Heegeri with minimal characterization. Current status: Uncertain. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

hegeri, Leuciscus Agassiz [L.] 1835:38 [Mémoires de la Société Neuchateloise des Sciences Naturelles v. 1; ref. 22] Appeared as name only, not available; same as Leuciscus heegeri Bonaparte 1839. Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Scardinius scardafa (Bonaparte 1837). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae.

hesperidicus, Scardinius Bonaparte [C. L.] 1845:398 [Atti della Sesta Riunioni delli Scienziati Italiani, Milano 6th session (for 1844); ref. 22968] Lakes of Piedmonte, Italy. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Based on Bonaparte 1840, fasc. 27, Pl. 115 (fig. 2). and 1840, fisc. 30, Pl. 116 (fig. 2). Also in Bonaparte 1845:20 [ref. 13472]. •Synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758), but a valid subspecies hesperidicus Bonaparte 1845 -- (Mrakovcic et al. 1995:184 [ref. 23079] but dated Heckel 1858). •Synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:83 [ref. 22952], Bianco & Kottelat 2005:234 [ref. 29332]). •Valid as Scardinius hesperidicus Bonaparte 1845 -- (Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:253 [ref. 29996], Kottelat & Freyhof 2009:79 [ref. 30320], Perea et al. 2010:14 [ref. 31802], Bianco & Delmastro 2011:5 [ref. 31648], Bianco 2013:8 [ref. 32897], Karataş et al. 2016:130 [ref. 34987], Lorenzoni et al. 2019:252 [ref. 37108]). Current status: Valid as Scardinius hesperidicus Bonaparte 1845. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Southern Europe: southern Switzerland, Italy and Slovenia. Habitat: freshwater.

hesperidus, Scardinius Heckel [J. J.] 1843:1037 [47] [Ichthyologie [von Syrien]. In Russegger v. 1 (pt 2); ref. 2066] On p. 47 of separate [ref. 2067]. Not available, no distinguishing features; from Lago di Garda. •In the synonymy of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:83 [ref. 22952] as hesperidicus). Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

knezevici, Scardinius Bianco [P. G.] & Kottelat [M.] 2005:232, Fig. 2 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 16 (no. 3); ref. 28332] Lake Skadar, near bridge crossing branch of lake, near Vranjina village, at former Podgorica Univ. Ichthyological station, Republic of Montenegro. Holotype: IZA 0410A. Paratypes: CMK 17434 (1); IZA 0410B (11), 046 (3), 00137 (2), 85483 (4), 0432 (1); MNHN 1977-283 (2). •Valid as Scardinius knezevici Bianco & Kottelat 2005 -- (Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:254 [ref. 29996], Shumka et al. 2023:40 [ref. 40747]). Current status: Valid as Scardinius knezevici Bianco & Kottelat 2005. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Southeastern Europe: Lake Skadar and Lake Ohrid (Macedonia, Albania and Montenegro). Habitat: freshwater.

macrophthalmus, Scardinius Heckel [J. J.] & Kner [R.] 1857:160, Fig. 85 [Die Süsswasserfische der Österreichischen Monarchie; ref. 2078] Lake Hecht near Kupfstein, Tirol, Austria. Syntypes: NMW 51678-84 (1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2). Appeared as name only in Heckel 1851:312 [ref. 18258]. •Synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:83 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

marrochius, Leuciscus Costa [O. G.] 1838:Cyprinoides p. 12, Pl. 13 [Fauna del regno di Napoli Part 1; ref. 976] Lake Fuccino, Italy. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. See Kottelat 1997:84 [ref. 22952] for type locality. •Synonym of Scardinius scardafa (Bonaparte 1837) -- (Kottelat 1997:84 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Scardinius scardafa (Bonaparte 1837). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

ohridana, Scardinius scardafa natio Vladykov [V. D.] & Petit [G.] 1930:399 [Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France v. 55 (no. 5); ref. 16223] Not available, infrasubspecific; from Lake Ohrid near Pogradec, Albania. Subsequent publication in an available way not researched; see Bianco & Kottelat 2005:234 [ref. 29332]. •In the synonymy of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Lelek 1987:236 [ref. 22962], Bianco & Kottelat 2005:234 [ref. 29332]). Infrasubspecific. Current status: Synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

platizza, Scardinius Heckel [J. J.] in Bonaparte 1845:10 [Catalogo metodico dei Ciprinidi d'Europa, ...; ref. 13472] Not available, no distinguishing features. Also in Bonaparte 1846:32 [ref. 519] as name only. Publication in 1858 needs investigation. See also Scardinius plotizza. •In the synonymy of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:83 [ref. 22952]). Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

plotizza, Scardinius Heckel [J. J.] & Kner [R.] 1857:159, Fig. 84 [Die Süsswasserfische der Österreichischen Monarchie; ref. 2078] Jessero Grande near Vergoraz and Imosky, Croatia; Livno, Bosnia-Herzegovina. Syntypes: NMW 51816-17 (8, 2). Appeared first in Kner 1843:1037 (p. 47 of separate) [ref. 2066] as name only with locality; not available. •Synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:83 [ref. 22952], Bianco & Kottelat 2005:234 [ref. 29332]). •Valid as Scardinius plotizza Heckel & Kner 1857 -- (Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:254 [ref. 29996], Zupančič 2008:41 [ref. 29926] as platizza, Perea et al. 2010:14 [ref. 31802], Ćaleta et al. 2015:90 [ref. 34877], Karataş et al. 2016:130 [ref. 34987], Ćaleta et al. 2019:165 [ref. 37026]). Current status: Valid as Scardinius plotizza Heckel & Kner 1857. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Southeastern Europe: Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Habitat: freshwater.

racovitzai, Scardinius Müller [G. J.] 1958:165, Fig. 1 [Senckenbergiana Biologica v. 39 (nos 3/4); ref. 12094] Thermal pond Petzea, near Oradea, tributary of Cris Repede, western Romania. Holotype: MGAB 49917. Paratypes: ?BMNH 1958.2.13.1-7 (7), ?BMNH 1958.11.17.6 (1), MGAB 49917 (1), SMF 4307-09 (3). Type catalog: Mihai-Bardan 1984:453 [ref. 21542]. •Questionably valid as Scardinius racovitzai Müller 1958 -- (Kottelat 1997:84 [ref. 22952]). •Valid as Scardinius racovitzai Müller 1958 -- (Lelek 1987:236 [ref. 22962], Ketmaier et al. 2003:13 [ref. 26727], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:255 [ref. 29996]). •Possibly a synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758). Current status: Valid as Scardinius racovitzai Müller 1958. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Eastern Europe: hot spring Petea, Bihor, Romania; extinct in the wild. Habitat: freshwater.

rhodophthalmus, Scardinius Heckel [J. J.] in Costa 1845:381 [Adunanza del giono 20 Settembre.; ref. 30321] The availability of the name rhodophthalmus is ambiguous according to Kottelat & Freyhof 2009:79 [ref. 30320]. They regard the name as available; by first reviser action, they select Scardinus hesperidicus Bonaparte 1845 as taking precedence over the simultaneous (1845) synonym Scardinius rhodophthalmus Heckel 1845. •Synonym of Scardinius hesperidicus Bonaparte 1845 -- (Kottelat & Freyhof 2009:79 [ref. 30320]). Current status: Synonym of Scardinius hesperidicus Bonaparte 1845. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

roseus, Abramis crysoleucas Bean [T. H.] 1903:134 [Bulletin of the New York State Museum No. 60; ref. 16053] Lake in Central Park, New York City, New York, U.S.A. [introduced]. No types known. Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:142 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Notemigonus crysoleucas (Mitchill 1814) -- (Smith 1986:133 [ref. 22186] dated 1902). •Synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Gilbert 1998:142 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

rua, Cyprinus Osbeck [P.] 1771:153, Pl. IV, fig. 1-4 [Kongliga Vetenskaps-Academiens Handlingar, Stockholm v. 32; ref. 18498] River A, Zweden. Original in title as Fisken RUA. •Possibly a synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758). Current status: Uncertain as Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

rutiloides, Scardinius erythrophthalmus morpha Vladykov [V. D.] 1931:306 [Mémoires de la Société Zoologique de France v. 29 (no. 4); ref. 16343] Not available, regarded as infrasubspecific. •In the synonymy of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:83 [ref. 22952]). Infrasubspecific. Current status: Synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

scardafa, Leuciscus Bonaparte [C. L.] 1837:fasc. 19, punt. 96, Pl. 111 (fig. 3) [Iconografia della fauna italica; ref. 4893] Lakes Nemi, Ronciglione, Bracciano, Fogliano and others, Italy. Syntypes: ANSP 6211-70 (59), 17002 (1, dry); ?NMW 51827 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:90 [ref. 13621]. •Synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Lee et al. 1980:360 [ref. 22416], Lelek 1987:236 [ref. 22962]). •Synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758), but a valid subspecies scardaga (Bonaparte 1837). •Probably a distinct species -- (Bogutskaya 1997:179 [ref. 23566]). •Valid as Scardinius scardafa (Bonaparte 1837) -- (Kottelat 1997:84 [ref. 22952], Bianco et al. 2001:115 [ref. 26729], Ketmaier et al. 2003:13 [ref. 26727], Bianco & Kottelat 2005:234 [ref. 29332], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:256 [ref. 29996], Perea et al. 2010:14 [ref. 31802], Bianco & Delmastro 2011:5 [ref. 31648], Bianco 2013:8 [ref. 32897], Karataş et al. 2016:130 [ref. 34987], Lorenzoni et al. 2019:252 [ref. 37108]). Current status: Valid as Scardinius scardafa (Bonaparte 1837). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Southern Europe: central Italy endemic. Habitat: freshwater.

scardula, Cyprinus Nardo [G. D.] 1827:34, 40 (no. 159) [Giornale di fisica, chimica e storia naturale, medicina, ed arti. (series 2) Dec. II, v. 10; ref. 3146] Lake Zürich, Switzerland; lakes of Auvergne. No types known. Also in Nardo 1827:col. 482 and 488 [ref. 19740]. See Kottelat 1997:83 [ref. 22952] for type localities. Apparently appeared first at least in part as Cyprinus crythrophthalmus [sic erythrophthalmus Linnaeus 1758] in Nardo 1824:259 [ref. 3144]. •Synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:83 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

scarpetta, Leuciscus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1844:126 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 17; ref. 1010] Lake Trasimeno, Italy. Syntypes: MNHN 0000-3890 (2). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:80 [ref. 19574]. •Synonym of Scardinius scardafa (Bonaparte 1837) -- (Kottelat 1997:84 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Scardinius scardafa (Bonaparte 1837). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

typus, Heegerius Bonaparte [C. L.] 1845:10, 17 [Catalogo metodico dei Ciprinidi d'Europa, ...; ref. 13472] Appeared on p. 10 under section a. Heegerius of genus 17. Scardinius as "88. S. Heegeri, Bp. (Heegerius typus, Bp.)..." Apparently an unneeded new name for Scardinius heegeri Bonaparte 1839. •Synonym of Scardinius scardafa (Bonaparte 1837) -- (Kottelat 1997:84 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Scardinius scardafa (Bonaparte 1837). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.