Please look in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes for authorships of sections, Families of Fishes (all), and related information.

Species in the genus Starksia: [ 38 ] records

atlantica, Starksia Longley [W. H.] 1934:258 [Carnegie Institution of Washington Publications No. 33; ref. 13896] Andros Island, Bahamas. Holotype: Whereabouts unknown. •Valid as Starksia atlantica Longley 1934 -- (Birdsong & Emery 1968:191 [ref. 41459], Greenfield & Johnson 1981:37 [ref. 5580], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:165 [ref. 27754], Collette et al. 2003:118 [ref. 26784], Williams & Mounts 2003:160 [ref. 26947], Williams 2003:1760 [ref. 27109], Smith et al. 2003:52 [ref. 27621], Nelson et al. 2004:164 [ref. 27807], Patzner et al. 2009:464 [ref. 30396], Baldwin 2011:33-35 [ref. 31149], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:68 [ref. 33341]). Current status: Valid as Starksia atlantica Longley 1934. Labrisomidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Bahamas south to Venezuela, including Caribbean Sea. IUCN (2014): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.

brasiliensis, Brannerella Gilbert [C. H.] 1900:180, Pl. 9 (fig. 1) [Proceedings of the Washington Academy of Sciences v. 2; ref. 1630] Reef near Maceio, Brazil. Holotype: CAS-SU 7750. Paratypes: CAS-SU 53510 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:95 [ref. 12291]. •Valid as Starksia brasiliensis (Gilbert 1900) -- (Greenfield 1979:38 [ref. 7013], Rocha & Rosa 2001:991 [ref. 25909], Williams & Mounts 2003:147 [ref. 26947], Moura & Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:95 [ref. 27192], Patzner et al. 2009:464 [ref. 30396], Carvalho-Filho et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:289 [ref. 38945], Carvalho-Filho 2023:226 [ref. 40480]). Current status: Valid as Starksia brasiliensis (Gilbert 1900). Labrisomidae. Distribution: Southwestern Atlantic: Maranhão south to Santa Catarina (Brazil). Habitat: marine.

cremnobates, Labrosomus Gilbert [C. H.] 1890:100 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 13 (no. 797); ref. 1623] Gulf of California, Mexico, 24°55'15"N, 110°39'W, Albatross station 3001, depth 33 [not 71] fathoms. Lectotype: USNM 48262. Paralectotypes: USNM 44371 (1). Type catalog: Springer & Orrell 1996:17-18 [ref. 22274]. Lectotype selected by Rosenblatt & Taylor 1971:453 [ref. 3811]. •Valid as Starksia cremnobates (Gilbert 1890) -- (Hastings in Fischer et al. 1995:1014 [ref. 22829], Thomson et al. 2000:218 [ref. 25640], Nelson et al. 2004:164 [ref. 27807], Patzner et al. 2009:464 [ref. 30396], Page et al. 2013:170 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:155 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Starksia cremnobates (Gilbert 1890). Labrisomidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Gulf of California (Mexico) endemic. Habitat: marine.

culebrae, Malacoctenus Evermann [B. W.] & Marsh [M. C.] 1899:357 [United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries, Report of the Commissioner v. 25 (for 1899) Appendix 7; ref. 1283] Reefs outside harbor of Culebra, Puerto Rico. Holotype: USNM 49369. Paratypes: USNM 50207 (1), 125973 (1). Type catalog: Springer & Orrell 1996:18 [ref. 22274]. •Valid as Starksia culebrae (Evermann & Marsh 1899) -- (Greenfield 1979:17 [ref. 7013], Williams & Mounts 2003:147 [ref. 26947], Williams 2003:1760 [ref. 27109], Patzner et al. 2009:464 [ref. 30396], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:69 [ref. 33341]). Current status: Valid as Starksia culebrae (Evermann & Marsh 1899). Labrisomidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

elongata, Starksia Gilbert [C. R.] 1971:195, Fig. 1A [Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Sciences v. 33 (no. 3) (1970); ref. 7677] About 3/4 mile off shore, near Sumner's Point, south side of Rum Cay, Bahamas, depth 5-10 feet. Holotype: UF 14134. Paratypes: AMNH 23232 (1, lost), 28998-99 (1, 1, both lost), 29000 (1); ANSP 109799 [ex AMNH 29000] (1); UF 227336 [ex UMML 27336, ex AMNH 28999] (1); USNM 205199 [ex AMNH 28999] (1). Type catalog: Gilbert 1974:112 [ref. 21035], Böhlke 1984:61 [ref. 13621], Springer & Orrell 1996:18 [ref. 22274]. •Valid as Starksia elongata Gilbert 1971 -- (Greenfield & Johnson 1981:40 [ref. 5580], Williams & Mounts 2003:160 [ref. 26947], Williams 2003:1760 [ref. 27109], Smith et al. 2003:52 [ref. 27621], Patzner et al. 2009:464 [ref. 30396], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:69 [ref. 33341], Carvalho-Filho 2023:227 [ref. 40480] as aff. elongata). Current status: Valid as Starksia elongata Gilbert 1971. Labrisomidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Bahamas south to Maranhão (Brazil). Habitat: marine.

fasciata, Brannerella Longley [W. H.] 1934:258 [Carnegie Institution of Washington Publications No. 33; ref. 13896] Mastic Pt., Andros, Bahamas. Syntypes: Mus. Biol. Inst., Univ. Lund (2, poor condition). •Valid as Starksia fasciata (Longley 1934) -- (Williams & Mounts 2003:161 [ref. 26947], Williams 2003:1760 [ref. 27109], Nelson et al. 2004:164 [ref. 27807], Dennis et al. 2004:80 [ref. 31601], Patzner et al. 2009:464 [ref. 30396], Page et al. 2013:170 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:155 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Starksia fasciata (Longley 1934). Labrisomidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Bahamas and Cuba. Habitat: marine.

fulva, Starksia Rosenblatt [R. H.] & Taylor [L. R., Jr.] 1971:454, Figs. 5, 8 [Pacific Science v. 25 (no. 3); ref. 3811] Isla San Jose, Islas Perlas, Gulf of Panama, eastern Pacific, depth 0-4 feet. Holotype: SIO 67-37. Paratypes: ANMH 16106 (6), 16110-11 (2, 1), 20297 (2); CAS-SU 48142 (5); LACM 6894-3 (3), 21017-19 (3, 5, 2), 20822-23 (3, 6); SIO (12 lots, 109), 11-1061 (6) (ex UCLA 63-141). Additional material: USNM (15 lots, 36). Type catalog: Springer & Orrell 1996:18 [ref. 22274] with USNM specimens as paratypes. •Valid as Starksia fulva Rosenblatt & Taylor 1971 -- (Allen & Robertson 1994:236 [ref. 22193], Hastings in Fischer et al. 1995:1014 [ref. 22829], Patzner et al. 2009:464 [ref. 30396]). Current status: Valid as Starksia fulva Rosenblatt & Taylor 1971. Labrisomidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

galapagensis, Starksia Rosenblatt [R. H.] & Taylor [L. R., Jr.] 1971:456, Figs. 5, 8 [Pacific Science v. 25 (no. 3); ref. 3811] Isla Genovesa (Tower Island), Galápagos Islands, depth 10-15 feet. Holotype: SIO 70-246 [ex UCLA 67-35]. Paratypes: LACM 20824-25 (4, 5), 21020-21 (1, 3), 21023 (4); SIO 12-3083 (8) (ex UCLA W67-43), 15-182 (5, not 4) (ex UCLA W64-42), 15-1018 (33, not 32) (ex UCLA W67-36), 15-1293 (9) (ex UCLA W67-33), 64-1012 (4), 70-246 [ex UCLA 67-35] (49), 64-1017 (13) (ex UCLA 64-38); SMF 15752-53 (2); USNM 205467 [ex UCLA 64-16] (9). Type catalog: Springer & Orrell 1996:19 [ref. 22274]. •Valid as Starksia galapagensis Rosenblatt & Taylor 1971 -- (Allen & Robertson 1994:236 [ref. 22193], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:531 [ref. 24023], Herrera & Lavenberg 1999:3 [ref. 24180], Hastings & Springer 2009:7 [ref. 30391], Patzner et al. 2009:464 [ref. 30396], McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:194 [ref. 30957], Victor 2018:70 [ref. 36255]). Current status: Valid as Starksia galapagensis Rosenblatt & Taylor 1971. Labrisomidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Galapagos Islands (Ecuador) endemic. IUCN (2022): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.

grammilaga, Starksia Rosenblatt [R. H.] & Taylor [L. R., Jr.] 1971:457, Figs. 5, 8 [Pacific Science v. 25 (no. 3); ref. 3811] Tangola Island, Tangola, Mexico, eastern Pacific. Holotype: USNM 102014. Paratypes: CAS-SU 48141 (2); SIO 12-62 (1) (ex UCLA W58-2), 59-350 (5), 62-30 (1), 62-55 (1), 62-63 (2); UALTF 690820-1 (8); USNM 116223-24 (2, 2), 205212 (1). Additional material: SIO 61-256 (1). Type catalog: Springer & Orrell 1996:19 [ref. 22274]. •Valid as Starksia grammilaga Rosenblatt & Taylor 1971 -- (Hastings in Fischer et al. 1995:1014 [ref. 22829], Thomson et al. 2000:218 [ref. 25640], Nelson et al. 2004:164 [ref. 27807], Patzner et al. 2009:464 [ref. 30396], Page et al. 2013:170 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:155 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Starksia grammilaga Rosenblatt & Taylor 1971. Labrisomidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

greenfieldi, Starksia Baldwin [C. C.] & Castillo [C. I.] in Baldwin, Castillo, Weigt & Victor 2011:50, Figs 12, 15 [ZooKeys No. 79; ref. 31149] Vertical wall just north of Charlotteville on east side of North Point, Tobago, depth 5-12 meters. Holotype: USNM 320832. Paratypes (all from Tobago): USNM 320829 (1), 398919 (1), 398920 (1), 398921 (1), 398922 (1), 398923 (1), 398924 (4). Plus additional non-type material. •Valid as Starksia greenfieldi Baldwin & Castillo 2011. Current status: Valid as Starksia greenfieldi Baldwin & Castillo 2011. Labrisomidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

guadalupae, Starksia Rosenblatt [R. H.] & Taylor [L. R., Jr.] 1971:458, Figs. 5, 9 [Pacific Science v. 25 (no. 3); ref. 3811] East side of Isla Guadalupe (29°10.5'N, 118°16.0'W), Baja California, Mexico, depth 30-60 feet. Holotype: SIO 60-14. Paratypes: SIO 53-163 (2), 65-51 (2), 57-190 (1), 65-51 (2); CAS-SU 48144 (5); USNM 205475 [ex SIO 58-493] (1). Type catalog: Springer & Orrell 1996:19 [ref. 22274]. •Valid as Starksia guadalupae Rosenblatt & Taylor 1971 -- (Nelson et al. 2004:164 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:156 [ref. 37547], Patzner et al. 2009:464 [ref. 30396], Love et al. 2021:199 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:155 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Starksia guadalupae Rosenblatt & Taylor 1971. Labrisomidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Pacific coast of southern Baja California Sur (Mxico), and Guadalupe Island (Mexico). Habitat: marine.

guttata, Brannerella Fowler [H. W.] 1931:401, Fig. 3 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 83; ref. 1410] Monas Island, Trinidad Island, West Indies. Holotype: ANSP 53324. Paratypes: ANSP 53325-26 (1, 1), 53327-30 (4). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:61 [ref. 13621]. •Valid as Starksia guttata (Fowler 1931) -- (Greenfield 1979:20 [ref. 7013], Williams & Mounts 2003:147 [ref. 26947], Williams 2003:1760 [ref. 27109], Patzner et al. 2009:464 [ref. 30396]). Current status: Valid as Starksia guttata (Fowler 1931). Labrisomidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

hassi, Starksia Klausewitz [W.] 1958:76, Fig. 5 [Senckenbergiana Biologica v. 39 (nos 1/2); ref. 12080] Bonaire, Lesser Antilles, Caribbean Sea. Holotype: SMF 4146. Paratypes: ANSP 94143 [ex SMF] (1); SMF 4147 (1), 4148 (now 0). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:61 [ref. 13621]. •Valid as Starksia hassi Klausewitz 1958 -- (Greenfield & Johnson 1981:41 [ref. 5580], Cervigón 1994:94 [ref. 24488], Collette et al. 2003:118 [ref. 26784], Williams & Mounts 2003:161 [ref. 26947], Williams 2003:1760 [ref. 27109], Smith et al. 2003:52 [ref. 27621], Patzner et al. 2009:464 [ref. 30396]). Current status: Valid as Starksia hassi Klausewitz 1958. Labrisomidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

hoesei, Starksia Rosenblatt [R. H.] & Taylor [L. R., Jr.] 1971:459, Figs. 5, 9 [Pacific Science v. 25 (no. 3); ref. 3811] Isla Ildefonso (26°38'N, 111°26.5'W), eastern Pacific, depth 80-105 feet. Holotype: SIO 65-329. Paratypes: SIO 65-329 (3). •Valid as Starksia hoesei Rosenblatt & Taylor 1971 -- (Hastings in Fischer et al. 1995:1014 [ref. 22829], Thomson et al. 2000:218 [ref. 25640], Nelson et al. 2004:164 [ref. 27807], Patzner et al. 2009:464 [ref. 30396], Page et al. 2013:170 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:155 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Starksia hoesei Rosenblatt & Taylor 1971. Labrisomidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

langi, Starksia Baldwin [C. C.] & Castillo [C. I.] in Baldwin, Castillo, Weigt & Victor 2011:53, Figs. 13-15 [ZooKeys No. 79; ref. 31149] Curlew Reef, Belize, depth 0-3 meters. Holotype: USNM 398927. Paratypes: USNM 398928 (1), 398929 (1), 398930 (1), 398931 (1), 399917 (1). Plus additional non-type material from Colombia and Panama. •Valid as Starksia langi Baldwin & Castillo 2011 -- (Page et al. 2013:170 [ref. 32708] as Castro & Baldwin, Page et al. 2023:155 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Starksia langi Baldwin & Castillo 2011. Labrisomidae. Distribution: Belize, Central America; also Honduras and Panama, questionably off Colombia. Habitat: marine.

lepicoelia, Starksia Böhlke [J. E.] & Springer [V. G.] 1961:37, Figs. 5-6 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 113 (no. 3); ref. 9303] North-northwest of Green Cay, Bahamas, 25°07'07"N, 77°11'38"W, depth to 50 feet. Holotype: ANSP 94144. Paratypes: ANSP (162 + 2 c&s, 32 lots); UF [ex UMML] (2 lots); 2 lots at Florida State Board of Conservation Marine Lab. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:61 [ref. 13621]. •Valid as Starksia lepicoelia Böhlke & Springer 1961 -- (Birdsong & Emery 1968:191 [ref. 41459], Greenfield & Johnson 1981:41 [ref. 5580], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:165 [ref. 27754], Collette et al. 2003:118 [ref. 26784], Williams & Mounts 2003:161 [ref. 26947], Williams 2003:1760 [ref. 27109], Smith et al. 2003:52 [ref. 27621], Nelson et al. 2004:164 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:607 [ref. 28815], Patzner et al. 2009:464 [ref. 30396], Baldwin et al. 2011:36, 45 [ref. 31149], Victor 2018:70 [ref. 36255], Page et al. 2023:155 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Starksia lepicoelia Böhlke & Springer 1961. Labrisomidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Bahamas south to Trinidad and Tobago, including southern Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. IUCN (2014): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.

lepidogaster, Starksia Rosenblatt [R. H.] & Taylor [L. R., Jr.] 1971:460, Figs. 5, 7 [Pacific Science v. 25 (no. 3); ref. 3811] Isla Cleopha (21°15.0'N, 106°17.3'W), Tres Marias Islands, off western Mexico, depth 0-43 feet. Holotype: SIO 62-55. Paratypes: SIO 62-55 (10). •Valid as Starksia lepidogaster Rosenblatt & Taylor 1971 -- (Hastings in Fischer et al. 1995:1014 [ref. 22829], Nelson et al. 2004:164 [ref. 27807], Patzner et al. 2009:465 [ref. 30396], Erisman et al. 2011:33 [ref. 31460], Page et al. 2013:170 [ref. 32708]). Current status: Valid as Starksia lepidogaster Rosenblatt & Taylor 1971. Labrisomidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Islas Marías archipelago endemic. Habitat: marine.

leucovitta, Starksia Williams [J. T.] & Mounts [J. H.] 2003:148, Figs. 2, 3a [aqua, Journal of Ichthyology and Aquatic Biology v. 6 (no. 4); ref. 26947] Lulu Bay, about 18°24'N, 75°02'W, Navassa Island, Caribbean Sea, depth 0-16.5 meters. Holotype: USNM 361112. Paratypes: USNM 359445 (6), 359663 (3), 360980 (1), 361055-57 (1, 5, 3). •Valid as Starksia leucovitta Williams & Mounts 2003 -- (Patzner et al. 2009:465 [ref. 30396]). Current status: Valid as Starksia leucovitta Williams & Mounts 2003. Labrisomidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Navassa Island, Caribbean Sea. Habitat: marine.

melasma, Starksia Williams [J. T.] & Mounts [J. H.] 2003:151, Figs. 3b, 4 [aqua, Journal of Ichthyology and Aquatic Biology v. 6 (no. 4); ref. 26947] Desecheo Island, Puerto Rico, Caribbean, 18°23'N, 67°29'W. Holotype: ANSP 143033. Paratypes: ANSP 178470 (8), USNM 368721 (4). Plus additional non-type material. •Valid as Starksia melasma Williams & Mounts 2003 -- (Patzner et al. 2009:465 [ref. 30396], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:69 [ref. 33341]). Current status: Valid as Starksia melasma Williams & Mounts 2003. Labrisomidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

multilepis, Starksia Williams [J. T.] & Mounts [J. H.] 2003:152, Figs. 3c, 5 [aqua, Journal of Ichthyology and Aquatic Biology v. 6 (no. 4); ref. 26947] Fernando de Noronha Island, 200 miles east of tip of Brazil, about 3°51'S, 32°25'W, Sacode Atalaia, South Atlantic, depth 1 meter. Holotype: USNM 361113. Paratypes: UF 19251 (5), USNM 304961 (2). •Valid as Starksia multilepis Williams & Mounts 2003 -- (Moura & Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:95 [ref. 27192], Patzner et al. 2009:465 [ref. 30396], Carvalho-Filho 2023:227 [ref. 40480]). Current status: Valid as Starksia multilepis Williams & Mounts 2003. Labrisomidae. Distribution: Southwestern Atlantic: Atol das Rocas and Fernando de Noronha Island (Brazil) endemic. Habitat: marine.

nanodes, Starksia Böhlke [J. E.] & Springer [V. G.] 1961:41, Figs. 7-8 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 113 (no. 3); ref. 9303] Wood Cay, off Grand Bahama Island, Little Bahama Bank, Bahamas, 26°44'15"N, 79°02'37"W. Holotype: ANSP 94177. Paratypes: ANSP 94178-79 (1, 1), 94180 (1, c&s), 94181-85 (1, 1, 1, 2, 6); UF 208310 [ex UMML 8310] (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:61 [ref. 13621]. •Valid as Starksia nanodes Böhlke & Springer 1961 -- (Birdsong & Emery 1968:191 [ref. 41459], Greenfield & Johnson 1981:42 [ref. 5580], Collette et al. 2003:118 [ref. 26784], Williams & Mounts 2003:163 [ref. 26947], Williams 2003:1760 [ref. 27109], Smith et al. 2003:52 [ref. 27621], Nelson et al. 2004:164 [ref. 27807], Patzner et al. 2009:465 [ref. 30396], Page et al. 2013:170 [ref. 32708], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:69 [ref. 33341] as cf. nanodes, Page et al. 2023:155 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Starksia nanodes Böhlke & Springer 1961. Labrisomidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Bahamas south to Colombia, including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. IUCN (2014): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.

occidentalis, Starksia Greenfield [D. W.] 1979:27, Figs. 16-18 [Fieldiana Zoology v. 73 (no. 2); ref. 7013] Tarpon Cay, Belize, about 16°10'N, 88°40'W, depth 1 meter. Holotype: FMNH 83716. Paratypes: CAS 31610 (5), 31661 (1), 31727 (3); FMNH 84377 (5), 84379-86 (2, 1, 6, 5, 7, 9, 1, 1), 84388-89 (3, 1); MPM 11369 (1), 11577 (1); S10 67-45 (1); UF 23348 (1), 24303 (1); UMMZ 200204 (6); USNM 107110 (2), 192388 (1), 192399 (1), 192401 (1), 192416 (1). Type catalog: Ibarra & Stewart 1987:81 [ref. 12367] as 41 paratypes from 11 localities, Springer & Orrell 1996:21 [ref. 22274]. •Valid as Starksia occidentalis Greenfield 1979 -- (Greenfield & Johnson 1981:42 [ref. 5580], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:166 [ref. 27754], Williams & Mounts 2003:147 [ref. 26947], Williams 2003:1760 [ref. 27109], Smith et al. 2003:52 [ref. 27621], Nelson et al. 2004:164 [ref. 27807], Patzner et al. 2009:465 [ref. 30396], Page et al. 2013:170 [ref. 32708], Martínez-Servín et al. 2023:115 [ref. 40726], Page et al. 2023:155 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Starksia occidentalis Greenfield 1979. Labrisomidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: including Caribbean Sea. Habitat: marine.

ocellatus, Clinus Steindachner [F.] 1876:230 [182], Pl. 12 (fig. 5) [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 74 (1. Abth.); ref. 4225] Bahamas. Syntypes: ANSP 93813 (1), 94205 (1); NMW 60687 (4). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:61 [ref. 13621]. On p. 182 of separate. •Valid as Starksia ocellata (Steindachner 1876) -- (Greenfield 1979:12 [ref. 7013], Robins & Ray 1986:227 [ref. 23100], Cervigón 1994:95 [ref. 24488], Williams & Mounts 2003:147 [ref. 26947], Williams 2003:1760 [ref. 27109], Smith et al. 2003:53 [ref. 27621], Nelson et al. 2004:164 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:608 [ref. 28815], Patzner et al. 2009:465 [ref. 30396], Page et al. 2013:170 [ref. 32708], Robertson et al. 2016:147, 151 [ref. 34961], Carvalho-Filho 2023:226 [ref. 40480], Page et al. 2023:155 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Starksia ocellata (Steindachner 1876). Labrisomidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: North Carolina (U.S.A.) south to Venezuela and Trinidad and Tobago, including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. Habitat: marine.

posthon, Starksia Rosenblatt [R. H.] & Taylor [L. R., Jr.] 1971:460, Figs. 5, 7 [Pacific Science v. 25 (no. 3); ref. 3811] Isla Secas, off Panama. eastern Pacific, depth 14 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 101945. Type catalog: Springer & Orrell 1996:21 [ref. 22274]. •Valid as Starksia posthon Rosenblatt & Taylor 1971 -- (Rosenblatt & Taylor 1972:599 [ref. 39375], Allen & Robertson 1994:237 [ref. 22193], Hastings in Fischer et al. 1995:1014 [ref. 22829], Nelson et al. 2004:164 [ref. 27807], Patzner et al. 2009:465 [ref. 30396], Page et al. 2013:170 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:155 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Starksia posthon Rosenblatt & Taylor 1971. Labrisomidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Central America. Habitat: marine.

rava, Starksia Williams [J. T.] & Mounts [J. H.] 2003:153, Figs. 3d, 6 [aqua, Journal of Ichthyology and Aquatic Biology v. 6 (no. 4); ref. 26947] Sanit Giles Island, Tobago, Caribbean Sea, about 11°21'22"N, 60°31'46"W, depth 6-10.7 meters. Holotype: USNM 361110. Paratypes: USNM 329526-29 (7, 7, 3, 3), 329535-40 (4, 1, 4, 15, 4, 1). •Valid as Starksia rava Williams & Mounts 2003 -- (Patzner et al. 2009:465 [ref. 30396]). Current status: Valid as Starksia rava Williams & Mounts 2003. Labrisomidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Tobago, Caribbean Sea. Habitat: marine.

robertsoni, Starksia Baldwin [C. C.], Victor [B. C.] & Castillo [C. I.] in Baldwin, Castillo, Weigt & Victor 2011:43, Figs. 9-11 [ZooKeys No. 79; ref. 31149] Islas de Las Dos Hermanas, Portobelo, Panama, 9°35'45"N, 79°40'05". Holotype: AMNH 249667. Paratypes: (all from Panama) AMNH 249640 (1), 249642 (1); USNM 399909 (1), 399910 (1), 399912 (1), 399913 (1). •Valid as Starksia robertsoni Baldwin, Victor & Castillo 2011 -- (Victor 2018:70 [ref. 36255]). Current status: Valid as Starksia robertsoni Baldwin, Victor & Castillo 2011. Labrisomidae. Distribution: Atlantic Panama, western Caribbean. Habitat: marine.

sangreyae, Starksia Castillo [C. I.] & Baldwin [C. C.] in Baldwin, Castillo, Weigt & Victor 2011:27, Figs. 2, 4 [ZooKeys No. 79; ref. 31149] South side of Island, Carrie Bow Cay, Belize, depth 1-2 meters. Holotype: USNM 398932. Paratypes: all from Belize, most are DNA vouchers, deposited at the USNM. Plus additional material. •Valid as Starksia sangreyae Castillo & Baldwin 2011 -- (Lobel & Lobel 2011:50 [ref. 31774], Page et al. 2013:170 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:155 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Starksia sangreyae Castillo & Baldwin 2011. Labrisomidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: northwestern Caribbean Sea (Belize and Honduras). Habitat: marine.

sella, Starksia Williams [J. T.] & Mounts [J. H.] 2003:155, Figs. 3e, 7 (see comments) [aqua, Journal of Ichthyology and Aquatic Biology v. 6 (no. 4); ref. 26947] Saint Giles Islands, Tobago, Caribbean, about 11°21'22"N, 60°32'00"W, depth 12-26 meters. Holotype: USNM 361111. Paratypes: USNM 329530-31 (1, 1), 329533-34 (2, 8). Figure 7 in the original is actually the same as Fig. 6; the corrected Fig. 7 appeared in Aqua, v. 7 (no. 2) as an erratum on p. 60. •Valid as Starksia sella Williams & Mounts 2003 -- (Patzner et al. 2009:465 [ref. 30396]). Current status: Valid as Starksia sella Williams & Mounts 2003. Labrisomidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Tobago, Caribbean Sea. Habitat: marine.

sluiteri, Brannerella Metzelaar [J.] 1919:155, Fig. 49 [Report on the fishes; ref. 2982] Bonaire, Netherlands Antilles. Syntypes: RMNH 9823 (1); ZMA 112908 (1). Type catalog: Nijssen et al. 1982:94 [ref. 19236]. Bannerella Metzelaar synonym of Starkksia •Valid as Starksia sluiteri (Metzelaar 1919) -- (Greenfield & Johnson 1981:43 [ref. 5580], Cervigón 1994:96 [ref. 24488], Collette et al. 2003:118 [ref. 26784], Feitoza et al. 2003:69 [ref. 26943] as aff.sluiteri, Williams & Mounts 2003:157 [ref. 26947], Williams 2003:1760 [ref. 27109], Smith et al. 2003:53 [ref. 27621], Nelson et al. 2004:164 [ref. 27807], Vaske et al. 2005:77 [ref. 36155], Patzner et al. 2009:465 [ref. 30396], Baldwin et al. 2011:60 [ref. 31149], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:69 [ref. 33341], Carvalho-Filho et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:290 [ref. 38945], Carvalho-Filho 2023:227 [ref. 40480]). Current status: Valid as Starksia sluiteri (Metzelaar 1919). Labrisomidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: southern Caribbean Sea and Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago (Brazil). Habitat: marine.

smithvanizi, Starksia Williams [J. T.] & Mounts [J. H.] 2003:158, Fig. 10 [aqua, Journal of Ichthyology and Aquatic Biology v. 6 (no. 4); ref. 26947] Navassa Island, Caribbean Sea, 18°24'48"N, 75°01'13"W, depth 0-5 meters. Holotype: USNM 359136. Paratypes: ANSP 124688 (1); UF 122114 (13); USNM 359454 (15), 368830 (10). Plus additional non-type material. •Valid as Starksia smithvanizi Williams & Mounts 2003 -- (Dennis et al. 2004:80 [ref. 31601], Patzner et al. 2009:465 [ref. 30396], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:69 [ref. 33341]). Current status: Valid as Starksia smithvanizi Williams & Mounts 2003. Labrisomidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Caribbean Sea (earlier confused with S. fasciata). Habitat: marine.

spinipenis, Brannerella Al-Uthman [H. S.] 1960:168, Figs. 2c [Texas Journal of Science v. 12 (nos 3-4); ref. 6769] Southwestern end of San Pedro Martir Island near Angel de la Guarda Island, 28°20'02"N, 112°20'30"W, Gulf of California, Mexico. Holotype: CAS-SU 48135. Paratypes: CAS-SU 48132 (1), 48136-37 (2, 1), 48138 (1), 48139 (now 2), 48140 (1), 48141 (now 2), 48143 (1), 48144 (3, missing); SIO 15-284 (1) (ex UCLA W52-258), UCLA W52-258 (1 ex 2). Plus non-type material and possibly additional types. •Valid as Starksia spinipenis (Al-Uthman 1960) -- (Allen & Robertson 1994:237 [ref. 22193], Hastings in Fischer et al. 1995:1014 [ref. 22829], Thomson et al. 2000:217 [ref. 25640], Nelson et al. 2004:164 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:156 [ref. 37547], Patzner et al. 2009:465 [ref. 30396], Page et al. 2013:171 [ref. 32708], Galván-Villa et al. 2016:149 [ref. 34871], Love et al. 2021:199 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:155 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Starksia spinipenis (Al-Uthman 1960). Labrisomidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: southern tip of Baja California Sur (Mexico) south to southern Mexico, including Gulf of California (Mexico). Habitat: marine.

splendens, Starksia Victor [B. C.] 2018:56, Figs. 1-17 [Journal of the Ocean Science Foundation v. 31; ref. 36255] Southwest corner of Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands, 19.286°, -81.392°, depth 5-15 meters. Holotype: UF 241196. Paratypes: UF. •Valid as Starksia splendens Victor 2018. Current status: Valid as Starksia splendens Victor 2018. Labrisomidae. Distribution: Cayman Islands. Habitat: marine.

springeri, Starksia Castillo [C. I.] & Baldwin [C. C.] in Baldwin, Castillo, Weigt & Victor 2011:30, Figs. 3-4 [ZooKeys No. 79; ref. 31149] Blue Cay, Curaçao, 12°07'59.22"N, 68°50'05.34"W, depth 1-25 meters. Holotype: USNM 398945. Paratypes (all from Curaçao): USNM 399658 (1), 399659 (6). •Valid as Starksia springeri Castillo & Baldwin 2011. Current status: Valid as Starksia springeri Castillo & Baldwin 2011. Labrisomidae. Distribution: Southwestern Caribbean: Curaçao. Habitat: marine.

starcki, Starksia Gilbert [C. R.] 1971:200, Figs. 1B-C [Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Sciences v. 33 (no. 3) (1970); ref. 7677] Looe Key, Monroe County, Florida, U.S.A., depth 5-20 feet. Holotype: UF 10874. Paratypes: ANSP 109800 (1); UF 16188 (1), 17279 (1), 227335 [ex UMML 27335] (1); USNM 205200 (1). Type catalog: Gilbert 1974:114 [ref. 21035], Böhlke 1984:62 [ref. 13621], Springer & Orrell 1996:22 [ref. 22274]. •Valid as Starksia starcki Gilbert 1971 -- (Greenfield & Johnson 1981:44 [ref. 5580], Robins & Ray 1986:228 [ref. 23100], Musick 2000:18 [ref. 24959], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:166 [ref. 27754], Williams & Mounts 2003:163 [ref. 26947], Williams 2003:1760 [ref. 27109], Smith et al. 2003:53 [ref. 27621], Nelson et al. 2004:164 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:609 [ref. 28815], Patzner et al. 2009:465 [ref. 30396], Baldwin et al. 2011:45 [ref. 31149], Page et al. 2013:171 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:155 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Starksia starcki Gilbert 1971. Labrisomidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

variabilis, Starksia Greenfield [D. W.] 1979:33, Figs. 19-21 [Fieldiana Zoology v. 73 (no. 2); ref. 7013] Northeast of Bahía de Nenquange, Parque Nacional Tayrona, Santa Marta, Colombia, about 11°40'N, 74°30'W, depth 1 meter. Holotype: FMNH 83717. Paratypes: CAS 40229 (1), FMNH 83718 (5), GCRL 15739 (1), UF 23349 (1), USNM 217832 (1). Type catalog: Ibarra & Stewart 1987:81 [ref. 12367], Springer & Orrell 1996:22 [ref. 22274]. •Valid as Starksia variabilis Greenfield 1979 -- (Williams & Mounts 2003:147 [ref. 26947], Williams 2003:1760 [ref. 27109], Patzner et al. 2009:465 [ref. 30396], Escobar-Sierra et al. 2021:77 [ref. 38844]). Current status: Valid as Starksia variabilis Greenfield 1979. Labrisomidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Colombia, Caribbean Sea. Habitat: marine.

weigti, Starksia Baldwin [C. C.] & Castillo [C. I.] in Baldwin, Castillo, Weigt & Victor 2011:37, Figs. 7, 10-11 [ZooKeys No. 79; ref. 31149] Spuir and groove, Carrier Bow Cay, Belize, depth 6-8 meters. Holotype: USNM 399648. Paratypes: (all from Belize): many at USNM. Plus additional non DNA vouchers. •Valid as Starksia weigti Baldwin & Castillo 2011 -- (Lobel & Lobel 2011:50 [ref. 31774], Page et al. 2013:171 [ref. 32708], Victor 2018:70 [ref. 36255], Page et al. 2023:155 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Starksia weigti Baldwin & Castillo 2011. Labrisomidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: northwestern Caribbean Sea (Belize and Honduras). Habitat: marine.

williamsi, Starksia Baldwin [C. C.] & Castillo [C. I.] in Baldwin, Castillo, Weigt & Victor 2011:41, Figs. 8, 10-11 [ZooKeys No. 79; ref. 31149] Saba Bank, Netherland Antilles, 17°28.47"N, 63°26.55"W, depth 19 meters. Holotype: USNM 387675. Paratypes: (Saba Bank) USNM 397396 (1), 387767 (7). 387869 (4), 388033 (8), 388444 (4), 389396 (1), 399613 (3). Plus additional non-type material. •Valid as Starksia williamsi Baldwin & Castillo 2011 -- (Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:69 [ref. 33341], Victor 2018:70 [ref. 36255]). Current status: Valid as Starksia williamsi Baldwin & Castillo 2011. Labrisomidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

y-lineata, Starksia Gilbert [C. R.] 1965:2, Fig. 1C [Notulae Naturae (Philadelphia) No. 379; ref. 9213] North side of Georgetown, Grand Cayman Island, West Indies, depth 5-12 feet. Holotype: ANSP 102233. Paratypes: ANSP 102214-15 (2, 8), 102223 (7), 102242 (5), 102310 (5), 142850 (2); FMNH 72741 (2); LACM 6985 [ex UF 12272] (2); MNHN 1971-0043 (1); TU 36401 (2); UF 10736 (orig. 12, now 11, 1 c&s), 12270-1 (1, 2), 12272 (orig. 8, now 6), 12273-74 (7, now 4), 215661 [ex UMML 15661] (2); UMMZ 187503 (2); UPRM 2364 (2); USNM 208572 (2), 209095 [ex 257754-F1] (2). Type catalog: Suttkus 1970:127 [ref. 20861], Gilbert 1974:115 [ref. 21035], Böhlke 1984:62 [ref. 13621], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:81 [ref. 12367], Bart & Taylor 1993:65 [ref. 20906], Springer & Orrell 1996:23 [ref. 22274]. Species originally spelled y-lineata, and that spelling should be retained. •Valid as Starksia y-lineata Gilbert 1965 -- (Birdsong & Emery 1968:191 [ref. 41459], Williams & Mounts 2003:163 [ref. 26947], Williams 2003:1760 [ref. 27109], Patzner et al. 2009:465 [ref. 30396]). Current status: Valid as Starksia y-lineata Gilbert 1965. Labrisomidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Caribbean Sea (Grand Cayman island and reefs off Nicaragua). IUCN (2014): Data Deficient. Habitat: marine.