sagax, Clupea Jenyns [L.] 1842:134 [The zoology of the voyage of H. M. S. Beagle; ref. 2344] Lima, San Lorenzo Island, Peru. Holotype: BMNH 1917.7.25.2 (skin). •Synonym of Sardinops ocellatus (Pappe 1853) -- (Munroe 2016:1738 [ref. 34560] with Peru as type locality). •Valid as Sardinops sagax (Jenyns 1842) -- (Eschmeyer & Herald 1983:72 [ref. 9277], Whitehead 1985:61 [ref. 5141], Matarese et al. 1989:46 [ref. 26885], Parrish et al. 1989:2029 [ref. 19496], McAllister 1990:53 [ref. 14674], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:188 [ref. 24023], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:188 [ref. 24555], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:135 [ref. 25968], Nelson et al. 2004:67 [ref. 27807], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:108 [ref. 28072], Love et al. 2005:27 [ref. 37547], Paxton et al. 2006:333 [ref. 28995], Gomon 2008:191 [ref. 30616], McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:189 [ref. 30957] as subspecies sagax, Page et al. 2013:68 [ref. 32708], Palacios-Salgado et al. 2014:238 [ref. 36362], Stewart & Struthers 2015:302 [ref. 34231], Fourriére et al. 2016:453 [ref. 34668], Pietsch & Orr 2015:19 [ref. 34694], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:606 [ref. 34923], Kells et al. 2016:94 [ref. 35888], Burton & Lea 2019:37 [ref. 37205], Hoschke et al. 2019:153 [ref. 36626], Love et al. 2021:44 [ref. 39279], Anderson 2022:151 [ref. 39690], Grove et al. 2022:16 [ref. 41326], Page et al. 2023:60 [ref. 40505], Vela-Espinosa et al. 2023:6 [ref. 40981], Fricke et al. 2024:148 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Sardinops sagax (Jenyns 1842). Alosidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: southeastern Alaska (U.S.A.) south to Pacific coast of Baja California (Mexico), including Gulf of California (Mexico) and Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). Habitat: marine.