cayanus, Pristigaster Cuvier [G.] 1829:321, Pl. 10 (fig. 3) [in Vol. 4] [Le Règne Animal (Edition 2) v. 2; ref. 995] Cayenne, French Guiana. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000-3699. Type catalog: Bertin 1940:293-294 [ref. 293]. Following current usage [although technicaly inaccurate], this species is dated to Cuvier 1829:321 [ref. 995] in conjunction with Pl. 10 (fig. 3) as above, although cayanus was name only on p. 321 as "Pr. cayanus, N., Esp. nouv." and not a combined genus and species description. It also does not date to the plate in volume 4 (contra Myers 1956:63 [ref. 21392] and Whitehead 1985:301 [ref. 5141]) because the name does not appear there. Synonymy complicated, see Menezes & de Pinna 2000:243 [ref. 24411]. •Valid as Pristigaster cayana Cuvier 1829 -- (Whitehead & Bauchot 1986:23 [ref. 9739], Whitehead 1985:301 [ref. 5141], Ortega & Vari 1986:6 [ref. 9708], Menezes & de Pinna 2000:243 [ref. 24411], de Pinna & Di Dario in Reis et al. 2003:44 [ref. 27061], Menezes & Figueiredo in Menezes et al. 2003:40 [ref. 27192], Munroe 2003:798 [ref. 26996], Barriga Salazar 2014:104 [ref. 35745], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:34 [ref. 35633], Meza-Vargas et al. 2021:14 [ref. 39298], Koerber et al. 2022:14 [ref. 39235]). Current status: Valid as Pristigaster cayana Cuvier 1829. Pristigasteridae. Distribution: South America: Amazon River basin (Brazil, Ecuador, Colombia and Peru). Habitat: freshwater, brackish.