mento, Lebias Heckel [J. J.] 1843:1089 [99] [Ichthyologie [von Syrien]. In Russegger v. 1 (pt 2); ref. 2066] Mossul, northern Iraq (36°18'N, 43°18'E). Possible syntypes: NMW 21699-704 (6), 59832 (21). Illustraed by Heckel 1843: Pl. 6 (fig. 4) [ref. 2067]. On p. 99 of separate [ref. 2067]. •Valid as Lebias mento Heckel 1843 -- (Coad 1998:103 [ref. 23869], Lazara 2001:187 [ref. 25711], Getahun & Lazara 2001:152 [ref. 25127]). •Valid as Aphanius mento (Heckel 1843) -- (Goren 1974:98 [ref. 7502], Coad 1988:115 [ref. 11814], Krupp & Schneider 1989:390 [ref. 13651], Coad 1991:20 [ref. 15702], Wildekamp 1993:57 [ref. 26378], Coad 1995:26 [ref. 23608], Seegers 1997:16 [ref. 23895], Coad & Abdoli 2000:87 [ref. 25295], Wildekamp et al. 1999:36 [ref. 26561], Fricke et al. 2007:71 [ref. 29533], Coad 2009:152 [ref. 30643], Coad 2010:248 [ref. 36620], Esmaeili et al. 2010:375 [ref. 33391], Khalaf 2013:4 [ref. 37897], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:893 [ref. 34062], Çiçek et al. 2015:150 [ref. 35151], Esmaeili et al. 2017:91 [ref. 35254], Esmaeili et al. 2018:73 [ref. 36089], Esmaeili et al. 2018:7 [ref. 36738], Kärst et al. 2020:154 [ref. 38165]). •Valid as Paraphanius mento (Heckel 1843) -- (Bayçelebi 2020:762 [ref. 37964], Çiçek et al. 2020:258 [ref. 37644], Esmaeili et al. 2020:5 [ref. 37446], Freyhof & Yoğurtçuoğlu 2020:438 [ref. 37656], Çiçek et al. 2023:471 [ref. 40601], Çiçek et al. 2023:31 [ref. 40616], Çiçek et al. 2023:444 [ref. 40625], Saad et al. 2023:43 [ref. 40501], Çiçek et al. 2024:359 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Paraphanius mento (Heckel 1843). Aphaniidae. Distribution: Asia Minor and Middle East: Tigris River basin (southern Turkey, Syria, Israel, Iraq and Iran). Habitat: freshwater.