sophiae, Lebias Heckel [J. J.] 1847:267, Pl. 22 [Reisen in Europa, Asien und Africa v. 2 (pt 3); ref. 2068] Accepted locality: endorheic Kor River basin north of Shiraz, Fars Province, Iran. Syntypes: NMW 14496 (6), 33616-23 (8), 60327 (8), 68283 (8), 75067 (7); ZMB 31377 (9). Type catalog: Paepke & Seegers 1986:148 [ref. 19981]. •Valid as Lebias sophiae Heckel 1847 -- (Lazara 2001:188 [ref. 25711]). •Valid as Aphanius sophiae (Heckel 1847) -- (Berg 1949:987 [ref. 20662], Coad 1988:115 [ref. 11814], Coad 1991:20 [ref. 15702], Wildekamp 1993:63 [ref. 26378] dated 1846, Coad 1995:26 [ref. 23608], Coad 1996:167 [ref. 23604], Coad 1996:71 [ref. 25297], Seegers 1997:16 [ref. 23895], Coad 1998:103 [ref. 23869], Coad & Abdoli 2000:87 [ref. 25295], Hrbek et al. 2006:250 [ref. 28685], Coad 2009:150 [ref. 30643], Esmaeili et al. 2010:375 [ref. 33391], Teimori et al. 2011:53 [ref. 31612], Esmaeili et al. 2012:58 [ref. 31822], Teimori et al. 2012:56 [ref. 32136] dated 1849, Esmaeili et al. 2014:30 [ref. 33250], Keivany & Esmaeili 2014:68 [ref. 33293], Gholami et al. 2013:137 [ref. 33004], Esmaeili et al. 2014:248 [ref. 33345], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:894 [ref. 34062], Teimori et al. 2015:90 [ref. 34095], Esmaeili et al. 2017:92 [ref. 35254], Esmaeili et al. 2018:74 [ref. 36089], Esmaeili et al. 2018:8 [ref. 36738], Esmaeili et al. 2020:5 [ref. 37446], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:265 [ref. 37983], Kärst et al. 2020:176 [ref. 38165]). •Valid as Esmaeilius sophiae (Heckel 1847) -- (Freyhof & Yoğurtçuoğlu 2020:445 [ref. 37656], Çiçek et al. 2024:357 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Esmaeilius sophiae (Heckel 1847). Aphaniidae. Distribution: Middle East: Lower Shat-al-Arab River drainage (Iraq and Iran); translocated to Persis and Tigris basins (Iran). Habitat: freshwater.