melanotus, Belone Bleeker [P.] 1850:94 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 1 (no. 2); ref. 13402] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Lectotype: RMNH 6940. Lectotype selected by Mees 1962:55 [ref. 13277]. •Valid as Belone melanota Bleeker 1850 -- (Mees 1962:53 [ref. 13277]). •Synonym of Tylosurus acus (Lacepède 1803), but a valid subspecies melanotus -- (Parin 1967:53 [ref. 10272], Dor 1984:65 [ref. 29757], Yoshida in Masuda et al. 1984:79 [ref. 6441], Winterbottom et al. 1989:15 [ref. 13251], Goren & Dor 1994:16 [ref. 25356], Collette in Fischer et al. 1995:920 [ref. 22829], Randall 1995:87 [ref. 22896], Allen & Robertson 1997:821 [ref. 41086], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:268 [ref. 24023] [but see McCosker 1998:810 [ref. 24025]], Myers 1999:75 [ref. 23965], Collette 1999:2159 [ref. 24785], Nakabo 2000:563 [ref. 25086], Collette in Randall & Lim 2000:599 [ref. 25122], Randall & Earle 2000:9 [ref. 25806], Iwatsuki et al. 2000:97 [ref. 26368], Hutchins 2001:24 [ref. 25847], Collette & Banford 2001:51 [ref. 25982], Nakabo 2002:563 [ref. 26001], Choi et al. 2003:219, 545 [ref. 26218], Allen & Adrim 2003:26 [ref. 26830], Myers & Donaldson 2003:615 [ref. 27495], Randall et al. 2004:9 [ref. 27624], Mundy 2005:282 [ref. 28379], Randall 2005:81 [ref. 28239], Motomura et al. 2010:82 [ref. 31256], Yoshida et al. 2013:64 [ref. 34464], Musikasinthorn in Kimura et al. 2018:62 [ref. 36460], Kim et al. 2020:81 [ref. 39118], Sonoyama et al. 2020:41 [ref. 37637], Furuhashi & Motomura 2022:8 [ref. 39607], Kai & Gosho 2025:36 [ref. 42505]). •Synonym of Tylosurus acus (Lacepède 1803), subspecies imperialis (Rafinesque 1810) -- (Parin 1973:260 [ref. 7191], Collette 2003:10 [ref. 27306], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S100 [ref. 27377]). •Valid as Tylosurus melanotus (Bleeker 1850) -- (Chen et al. 1997:24 [ref. 26476], Fricke et al. 2014:40 [ref. 33932], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:607 [ref. 34923], Fricke et al. 2018:106 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:43 [ref. 36273], Eagderi et al. 2019:22 [ref. 37020], Fricke et al. 2019:81 [ref. 36673], Collette 2022:379 [ref. 39718], Jamandre 2023:161 [ref. 40455], Fricke et al. 2024:66 [ref. 41255], Fricke et al. 2024:475 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Tylosurus melanotus (Bleeker 1850). Belonidae. Distribution: Red Sea; Indo-Pacific: East Africa, Persian Gulf and La Réunion (western Mascarenes) east to Revillagigedo Islands (Mexico), Clipperton Island (France) and Cocos Island (Costa Rica), north to Sea of Japan (Korea, Japan). IUCN (2025): Not Assessed. Habitat: marine.
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