ophidion, Syngnathus Linnaeus [C.] 1758:337 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Europe. Syntypes: BMNH 1853.11.12.185 [Gronovius coll.] (1, skin). Type catalog: Wheeler 1958:216 [ref. 13434] with surviving syntype not conspecific with species usually called ophidion. •Valid as Nerophis ophidion (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Berg 1949:978 [ref. 20662], Wheeler 1973:277 [ref. 7190], Dawson in Whitehead et al. 1986:633 [ref. 13676], Dawson 1990:663 [ref. 17542], Kottelat 1997:167 [ref. 22952], Reshetnikov et al. 1997:748 [ref. 24702], Savvaitova 1998:113 [ref. 23594], Fricke 1999:37 [ref. 24101], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:65 [ref. 26753], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:183 [ref. 28183], Golani 2005:31 [ref. 37112], Vassilev & Pehlivanov 2005:175 [ref. 28369], Fricke 2007:28 [ref. 30577], Fricke et al. 2007:74 [ref. 29533], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:500 [ref. 29996], Vasil'eva 2007:73 [ref. 30517], Ninua & Japoshvili 2008:169 [ref. 31251], Kuiter 2009:243 [ref. 30404], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:37 [ref. 36649], Parin et al. 2014:208 [ref. 33547], Çiçek et al. 2015:151 [ref. 35151], Lourie 2016:140 [ref. 34505], Fritzsche 2016:2238 [ref. 34608], Hamilton et al. 2016:Supplement 4 [ref. 35615], Artüz & Fricke 2019:555 [ref. 36612], Carneiro et al. 2019:176 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:95 [ref. 36864], Bariche & Fricke 2020:113 [ref. 37515], Kovačić et al. 2020:23 [ref. 37519], Abliazov et al. 2021:9 [ref. 38576], Bañón & Maño 2021:66 [ref. 38883], Golani 2021:35 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:37 [ref. 39014], Niță et al. 2022:150 [ref. 40471], Çiçek et al. 2023:427 [ref. 40625], Çiçek et al. 2024:296 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Nerophis ophidion (Linnaeus 1758). Syngnathidae: Nerophinae. Distribution: Baltic Sea; North Sea; Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; Black Sea; Sea of Azov; northeastern Atlantic: Norway south to Morocco, including Madeira. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.