cruentatus, Sparus Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1802:51, 156, Pl. 4 (fig. 1) [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 4; ref. 4929] Brazil; Martinique Island, West Indies. Neotype: UF 222059. Type catalog: Bauchot & Daget 1972:90 [ref. 20898], Bauchot et al. 1984:60 [ref. 19232]. Unneeded replacement name for Perca guttata Linnaeus 1758. Based on Perca guttata of Gmelin 1789:1315 [ref. 18139], which was based on Perca guttata Linnaeus 1758, the 'Gvarvgvarv' of Markgraf von Liebstadt 1648:169, fig. [ref. 30347], the 'Cugupuguacu cogener, corpore rotundiore' of Sloane 1725:280, pl. 247, fig. 2 [ref. 30230], the 'Cugupu-guacu brasiliensibus' of Willughby 1686:303 [ref. 30164], the 'Cugupu guacu' of Ray 1713:127 [ref. 30231], the 'Perche sanguinolente' of Daubenton 1787:346 [ref. 38024], the Perca guttata of Bonnaterre 1788:130 [ref. 4940], the 'Cugupuguacu' of Catesby 1771:14, Pl. 14 [ref. 774], and the Perca guttata of Bloch 1792:Pl. 312 [ref. 470]; also on a manuscript drawing by Plumier from Martinique. Neotype selected by Fricke et al. 2021:37 [ref. 38901]. •Valid as Epinephelus cruentatus (Lacepède 1802) -- (Robins & Ray 1986:132 [ref. 23100], Bullock & Smith 1991:84 [ref. 36591], Cervigón 1991:323 [ref. 24472], Boschung 1992:105 [ref. 23239]). •Valid as Cephalopholis cruentata (Lacepède 1802) -- (Matsuura in Uyeno et al. 1983:304 [ref. 14275], Cervigón 1992:426 [ref. 23827], Heemstra & Randall 1993:38 [ref. 21042], Grace et al. 1994:12 [ref. 25512], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:204 [ref. 25013], Thomson et al. 2000:82 [ref. 25640], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:156 [ref. 27754], Collette et al. 2003:105 [ref. 26784], Heemstra et al. 2003:1335 [ref. 27060], Smith et al. 2003:21 [ref. 27621], Nelson et al. 2004:127 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:137 [ref. 28815], Craig et al. 2011:20 [ref. 31786], Page et al. 2013:130 [ref. 32708], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:38 [ref. 33341], Robertson et al. 2016:144 [ref. 34961], Ma & Craig 2018:454 [ref. 36100], Parenti & Randall 2020:52 [ref. 37354], Robertson et al. 2020:162 [ref. 38098], Escobar-Sierra et al. 2021:79 [ref. 38844], Fricke et al. 2021:29 [ref. 38901], Bennema & van Moorsel 2022:70 [ref. 39585], Carvalho-Filho 2023:114 [ref. 40480], Carvalho-Filho et al. 2024:3 [ref. 40769]). Replacement Name. Current status: Valid as Cephalopholis cruentata (Lacepède 1802). Epinephelidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Bermuda and North Carolina (U.S.A.) south to Great Amazon Reef (Amapá, Brazil), including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. Habitat: marine.